検索結果 33758 件
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41566 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | The Problem of Mendicity in London, 1800-1824 |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_4_073_110.pdf |
| 著者 | 吉尾 清| |
| 抄録 | The purpose of this paper is to consider the problem of mendicity in London during 1800-1824. This paper shows that Matthew Martin's reports and the activities of the Society for the Suppression of Mendicity had a great influence on public policies toward the vagrants. First, I took up Martin's enquiry into the state of mendicity from 1800 to 1803. He endeavoured to discover the nature and extent of mendicity and to offer some suggestions for the general suppression of this evil. His report, in the form of a Letter to Lord Pelham on the State of Mendicity in the Metropolis, was published in 1803, and reissued in 1811. The members of Parliament acknowledged the problem of mendicity because of his reports. Secondly, I examined the reports ofthe Society for the Suppression of Mendicity founded in 1818. The managers of the Mendicity Society had already prepared the draft of this bill, when the subject of vagrancy was brought before the House of Commons. The views taken by the Mendicity Society were adopted in the vagrancy act of 1824. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 73 |
| 終了ページ | 110 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129970 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41565 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Des innovations dans le cycle budgétaire des communes françaises - Lebudget fonctionnel et le contrôle de gestion: de laM12 à l'AB - |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_4_035_071.pdf |
| 著者 | 中西 一| |
| 抄録 | Dans quelques collectivités locales japonaises, on commence à projeter, ces dernières années, l'introduction du nouveau budget fonctionnel (Performance Budgeting), qui a développé après l'échec du budget de programme aux Etats-Unis, où il s'équipe des indicateurs de performance et intégre le plan, le budget, les enquête des demandes administratives et l'évaluation courante des politiques. On pourrait l'assimiler à la M 12, le cadre comptable des communes de plus de 10,000 habitants qui s'est introduit en 1964 et qui avait la nomenclature fonctionnelle et le calcul des coûts complets de la section de fonctionnement, et au développement récent du contrôle de gestion des collectivités locales françaises dans le cadre de la théorie française de la gestion publique. Par rapport au budget fonctionnel, la qualité des approches françaises est le fondement solide de l'analyse des coûts, et leurs défaut est non intégration de la planification, du marketing, de l'évaluation a posteriori, surtout celle des impactes (outcomes), dans le budget ou le calcul des couts. Par ailleurs, la théorie française nous propose toute une gamme de choix sur la répartion des coûts indirectes, le budget et la comptabilité parcentres de résponsabilités sans répartion, le direct-costing, les coûts complets et l'ABC / ABM. La possibilité de l'utilisation générale des tableaux de bord, qui sont très similaires aux indicateurs de performance anglo-saxons, est aussi ouverte pour la gestion intérieure d'une organisation. Cette théorie nous propose aussi la possibilité de la confection des deux budgets, budget de comptabilité financière et celui de comptabilité de gestion. Cette remarque nous aiderait de sortir des malentendus autour du budget fonctionnel japonais. Quel type de budget à choisir dépend de nos objectifs dans la réforme budgétaire. Ce qui compte, c'est de ne pas attendre ce qui ne peut pas être attendu dans chaque méthode. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 35 |
| 終了ページ | 71 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129969 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41564 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Rethinking the U. S. Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations - Is It Time for the Theory of Fiscal Federalism to Change ? - |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_4_001_033.pdf |
| 著者 | 小泉 和重| |
| 抄録 | The porpose of this paper is to examine the change of U. S. fiscal federalism. During 90-mids, there are signs that the features of American intergovernmental expenditure relations are changing slowly. The signs are the following three. Firstly, AFDC was abolished by welfare reform in 1994. Function of income redistribution partly shifted from central government to state government. Secondly, education financing system, primary local service, has been reformed by legal challenge since the Serrano v. Prest cases in 1976. In many states, the accountability of education financing has shifted from school districs to the state. Thirdly, many states recently have established rainy day (or budget stabilization) funds. While the rainy day funds could be used as a discretionary policy to stabilize the state economy, they are introduced to ease budgetary pressures. The states have become to strengthen a fiscal roll, income redistribution, local public good provision and stabilization, through the three changes. The meaning and causes of the changes can't be explained by the theory offiscal federalism. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 1 |
| 終了ページ | 33 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129968 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41563 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Some Notes on 「Taylor Collection」 |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_409_446.pdf |
| 著者 | 和田 淳三| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 409 |
| 終了ページ | 446 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129963 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41562 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | A Dominant Cause of the Changing Structure of Profession in Chugoku and Shikoku Areas - A Case of Tertiary Profession - |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_387_408.pdf |
| 著者 | 武村 昌介| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 387 |
| 終了ページ | 408 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129962 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41561 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Rational Expectation and True Uncertainty |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_365_385.pdf |
| 著者 | 西垣 鳴人| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 365 |
| 終了ページ | 385 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129961 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41560 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Preservation of Disk Contents of N88-BASIC Type |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_353_364.pdf |
| 著者 | 藤本 喬雄| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 353 |
| 終了ページ | 364 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129960 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41558 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Imari-Porzellan und Frühes Meißner Porzellan (1) |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_315_343.pdf |
| 著者 | 松尾 展成| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 315 |
| 終了ページ | 343 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129959 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41557 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Chinese Society Today Observed through Abbreviations with Numerals (Ill) |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_281_313.pdf |
| 著者 | 岡 益巳| |
| 抄録 | My study on abbreviations with numerals consists of three parts. This is the last part. Many abbreviations with numerals have been used as political slogans by the Chinese Communist Party. I try to clarify, by analyzing those abbreviations, the phases of Chinese society today. In this part of my study, I deal with those which belong to such social phenomena as ① corruption of the Party leaders and the government officials,② disturbance ofthe peace, ③ educational problems, etc. My study has revealed that abbreviations with numerals are devided into four groups, that is, those which show ① policies by the central Party and Government, ② policies by the local governments and enterprises, ③ nationwide social phenomena, and ④ local phenomena. Many abbreviations belonging to ① and ③ will appear in dictionaries in the future, and those belonging to ② and ④ will not. The latter, however, reflects the various problems that China now faces, and enables us to understand her. Abbreviations are so simple in structure that they are often ambiguous. "San-tong", for example, sometimes means "the three direct links between the two sides of Taiwan Straits", and sometimes means "the three kinds oflifeline in case ofcalamity". |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 281 |
| 終了ページ | 313 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129958 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41556 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Optimality of the Stein Type Confidence Interval of Variance |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_271_280.pdf |
| 著者 | 永田 靖| |
| 抄録 | In this paper the optimality of the Stein type confidence interval of the disturbance variance among the class of pre-test confidence interval after the pre-test for a linear hypothesis on coefficients is considered. The Stein type confidence interval is a member in the class with a critical value, say c. It is known that the Stein type confidence interval is the best in the subclass which consists of the pre-test confidence intervals with a smaller critical value than c. It is shown that an extension of the optimality to a larger class is not possible. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 271 |
| 終了ページ | 280 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129956 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41555 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Recent Debate on the Transformation Problem in Western Countries |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_247_270.pdf |
| 著者 | 和田 豊| |
| 抄録 | This paper makes a brief survey of the debate on the transformation problem in Western countries during the last decade. Many studies on the problem at this period have strong concern for the 'New Approach' proposed by Dumenil, Foley and Lipietz in 1980's and various evaluations of the 'New Approach' exist which are quite far from reaching any consensus. Szumski, Carchedi and Haan, for example, try to solve the problem in their criticisms ofthe 'New Approach'. Such situation reflects different views of the transformation problem. While the advocates of the 'New Approach' want to analyse the income distribution between capital and labour, its critics tend to consider prices of production as a consequence of capitalistic unequal exchanges of labour. According to the author, the second view is more appropriate on the transformation problem. The ultimate origin of incomes can be generally sought to productive labour expenses without introducing prices of production but the levels of incomes can be determined only after investigating prices ofproduction concretely. The author also points out that the debate in 90's has not progressed so rapidly as in and before 80's. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 247 |
| 終了ページ | 270 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129955 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41554 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | City Position of Importance in the Age of Honsyu-Shikoku Three Big Bridges : I |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_217_246.pdf |
| 著者 | 中村 良平| |
| 抄録 | More than ten year ago Seto-Ohashi was constructed, last April Akashi-Kaikyo-Ohashi was completed, and this May Onomichi-Imabari route is going to be provided as the third road connecting Honsyu with Shikoku area. At the end of this century, as a result, Seto-uchi area has three main routes which would improve interregional mobility. Progress of traffic infrastructure could change city's economic position. On one side, some cities may grow by improving interregional accessibility. On the other side, however, some cities may lose their economic status due to so called 'straw effects'. This paper consists of two parts; the former part is focussed on recent regional economic changes and statistical analyses on city position of importance, the latter part is empirical investigation based on the results of questionnaire about city positions of importance. Regional recent changes mean office location and relocation as a firms' regional evaluations. In statistical analyses I propose a new indicator of city's relative economic importance. Questionnaire has been conducted for branch offices of major four cities in Seto-uchi area. Through questionnaire several evaluations of individual cities by corporate firms are clarified. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 217 |
| 終了ページ | 246 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129957 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41553 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Interrelation between Management and Policy Sciences - the Developments and its Future - |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_197_216.pdf |
| 著者 | 山本 清| |
| 抄録 | This paper aims at presenting an interrelation between management or organizational science and policy sciences. Both sciences have developed by influencing and learning with each other. For example, bounded rationality model in management affected policy analysis, while garbage can model developed in policy sciences impacted on management theory. Especially, it is shown that as the new public management (NPM) has emerged in public sector reforms, private sector and public sector management as an implementing part of policy sciences are complementary to improve performance and strengthen accountability. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 197 |
| 終了ページ | 216 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129954 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41552 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Equity and Efficiency in Adam Smith |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_183_196.pdf |
| 著者 | 新村 聡| |
| 抄録 | This paper examined whether Adam Smith thought equity and efficiency were compatible or incompatible in the civilized society. In terms of thi$ issue this paper considered the relationship between sympathy and utility in Theory of Moral Sentiments, that between inequality and opulence in Draft of Wealth of Nations, and that between liberty and wealth in Wealth of Nations. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 183 |
| 終了ページ | 196 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129953 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41551 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | A Survey ofthe Historical Studies in Japan and the World regarding the Iron and Steel Industry in Northeast China during 1940 s-1950 s |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_163_182.pdf |
| 著者 | 松本 俊郎| |
| 抄録 | The iron and steel industry in northeast China has been playing an important role both in the Manchukuo period and the Socialist China. The academic achievements of the historical analysis concerning the industry during 1940s and 1950s, however, has not been so rich, because of the following two reasons; (1) lack of historical materials; (2) ideological obstacles against recognizing the rapid economic development under the Manchukuo regime and its aftermath toward the new born China. Many historical resources were lost in the chaos during and just after the WWII. None the less, not negligible amount ofmaterials exist not only in Anshan but in Nanjing, Taipei, Tokyo, Washington, London etc., crossing widely the boundaries of the counties. The iron and steel industry is a key military industry. For this reason, the Communist and the Nationalist had strictly prohibited researchers to use their collections until 1980s. On the other hand, the image on the socialism had for long been simply stereotyped as justice or liberation among the historians in Japan after 1945. Such a situation reflexes the important truth of the history. It has, however, made the research angle of the historians inadequate to recognize the positive aspects of the industry developed by colonial authorities. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 163 |
| 終了ページ | 182 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129952 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41550 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | 'We Will Construct Our Assembly Line' ( I ) : the Case of the Tahara No.1 Plant of Toyota |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_125_162.pdf |
| 著者 | 清水 耕一| |
| 抄録 | Since the Beginning of 1990 s, Toyota has been pursuing a new direction in its human resource management and assembly work. After encountering a labor crisis-labor shortage and high turn over of young workers-during the economic boom provoked by the "financial bubble" toward the end of 1980 s, Toyota's management and Union discussed ways of making the work more attractive. Based on this discussion, the production eugineering division developed a new kssembly line concept realized firstly at Toyota Kyushu plant (1992), applied also to Toyota's Motomachi No.2 plant (1994), Tahara No.1 plant (1995) and Motomachi No.1 plant (1996). Among these plants, the construcion of the assembly line at Tahara No. 1 plant constitutes a unique case in the fact that it was not the production engineering division, but the foremen, supervisors and engineers belonging to the plant who conceived and constructed this new assembly line. Moreover, in order to realize what they considered as their ideal assembly line, they proposed to the product development center an important change of car structure and parts design from the very beginning of product development where the so called "concurrent engineering" has started. The first part of this paper explains, and thus why and how they conceived and constructed their own assembly line after presenting this assembly line concept and work orgnaization in this plant. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 125 |
| 終了ページ | 162 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129951 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41549 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Strategic Games and R&D Investment with Spillovers |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_107_124.pdf |
| 著者 | 春名 章二| |
| 抄録 | The paper considers the problem of whether in a strategic two-stage game duopolistic firms make an overinvestment or underinvestment in R & D when there are their spillovers. We deal with two cases of Cournot quantity and Bertrand price competitions. It is shown that in Cournot (Bertrand) competition each firm has an incentive to use a larger (less) or less (larger) investment than the one required to minimize the costs of investment according as its rival's spillover rate is relatively small or large. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 107 |
| 終了ページ | 124 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129950 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41548 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Progressive Taxation and Income Inequality: The Intermediate View of Inequality |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_091_105.pdf |
| 著者 | 吉田 建夫| |
| 抄録 | It is known that the post-tax income is more equally distributed than pre-tax income according to any μ-invariant inequality index satisfying Dalton's principle of transfers, if, and only if, a tax function is progressive for μ-inequality (Pfingsten [8]). This paper provides a rigorous formulation of the equivalence, both in strong and weak form. We show that any non-equally distributed pre-tax income distribution is dominated by the resulting post-tax income distribution in the sense of the μ - Lorenz criterion if, and only if, a tax function satisfies both (a)incentive preserving taxation and (b)progressive taxation for μ-inequality. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 91 |
| 終了ページ | 105 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129949 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41547 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Description of Tokyo in the Essay : "Tokyo no 30 nen" (30 Years of Tokyo) by Katai Tayama |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_057_089.pdf |
| 著者 | 神立 春樹| |
| 抄録 | The Essay "Tokyo no 30 nen" (30 years of Tokyo), written by Katai Tayama, is said to his recollections of the Literary World of Meiji-Taisho Era. In this essay, Author Katai wrote not only his own process of growth as novel writer, but also appearances of streets of Tokyo, air of suburbs of Tokyo, and circumstances ofthe people. The purpose ofthis paper is to grasp of changes of Tokyo during Meiji Era through analyse ofthis essay. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 57 |
| 終了ページ | 89 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129948 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41546 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | A Note on the Fiscal Reform in the Present People's Republic of China - Focussing on Local Public Finance under the Market Economy of Socialism in China - |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_025_056.pdf |
| 著者 | 坂本 忠次| |
| 抄録 | This is a note to treat the fiscal reform in the present People's Republic of China. First I make the general economic survey of People's Republic of China since the beginning of reform and open economic system in 1978 (under the market economy of socialism). Then after reviewing the economic growth, the deficit of central public finance and the regional economic differences in present China, I refer to such fiscal reforms as tax reform and the reform of intergovernmental fiscal relations. In 1994 China introduced 'bunzeisei', a system of tax division between the central and local governments. In present China, however, there is still no law of local autonomy or no competency for flotation of local debt in local governments. So it is very important to secure tax revenue (including the central government) or debt revenue in local governments and to establish the fiscal adjustment system between central and local finance. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 25 |
| 終了ページ | 56 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129947 |