検索結果 33758 件
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41657 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Stein Type Confidence Interval of the Disturbance Variance in a Linear Regression Model |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_293_316.pdf |
| 著者 | 永田 靖| |
| 抄録 | In this paper the interval estimation of the disturbance variance in a linear regression model is discussed from several view points. Firstly, a brief summary ofthe Stein type point estimation theory and the Stein type interval estimation theory is given. Then, the relationship between the improvement on the point estimation and the improvement on the interval estimation is discussed. It is shown that substituting the Stein type estimator for the usual estimator in the confidence interval leads to the improvement on the interval estimation. Secondly, the Neyman accuracy of the Stein type confidence interval is considered. The Neyman accuracy is a measure related to the unbiasedness of a confidence interval. It is shown that the Stein type confidence interval is not unbiased. Thirdly, the Wolfowitz accuracy of the Stein type confidence interval is considered. The Wolfowitz accuracy is related to the closeness of the endpoints to. the true parameter. The sufficient condition for the Stein type confidence interval to improve on the usual confidence interval is derived. Finally, the Stein type confidence interval is discussed under the multivariate Student-t distribution. It is shown that so far as the coverage probability and the multivariate Student-t distributions are concerned, the Stein type confidence interval is not robust against nonnormality, but that the superiority over the usual confidence interval still holds against nonnormality. Furthermore, for the case when it is known that error terms have a multivariate Student-t distribution, a Stein type confidence interval which improves on the usual confidence interval is presented. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 293 |
| 終了ページ | 316 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129861 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41656 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Four Types of Demonstration of the Necessity of Money |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_275_292.pdf |
| 著者 | 和田 豊| |
| 抄録 | In this paper, Marxian attempts to demonstrate the necessity of money in market economy are classified into the four types of theory as follows : (1) one which focuses on money as the measure of value and does not use the concept of labour-value in the demonstration (2) one which focuses on money as the means of circulation and uses the concept of labour-value in the demonstration (3) one which focuses on money as the means of circulation and does not use the concept of labour-value in the demonstration (4) one which focuses on money as the measure of value and uses the concept of labour-value in the demonstration. The author thinks that the second type of theory should be adopted for two reasons. First, the concept of labour-value makes it possible to find out what set of social relations among individual labours makes money necessary as a means of social reproduction. Second, money as the measure of value can be meaningful only in an economy where money as the means of circulation is necessitated by indirect exchanges of commodities. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 275 |
| 終了ページ | 292 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129860 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41655 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Corporate Venturing: Trend and Problem - An Analysis ofJapanese Firms - |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_249_273.pdf |
| 著者 | 山田 幸三| |
| 抄録 | This study investigated the trend and problem of corporate venturing, based on data and examples from key Japanese firms in 1990 and 1995. Two sets of analyses were conducted on these issues. First, we investigated main types of corporate venturing strategy in Japan. We found that, in general, most of Japanese firms tended to the needs oriented, the small - birth and small - kill strategy. Next, we analyzed our data set in connection with new - business development performance at the corporate level. Data suggested that it was differences in the management system for new businesses within the firm, rather than in the corporate venturing strategy, between high performer group and low - performer group. In particular, we found that incentive factors for new - venture managers have positive impact on new - business development performance. However, we must try to analyze the complex interactions among factors. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 249 |
| 終了ページ | 273 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129859 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41653 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Improvement ofManagement and Accounting in the National School Special Account |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_203_220.pdf |
| 著者 | 山本 清| |
| 抄録 | National universities in Japan are now confronted with two problems: progress of international competitiveness in the academic research, and improvement of quality in education. The National School Special Account by which national universities are funded restricts their management and finance. Resource allocation is made by inputs such as the numbers of students and the types of course in operational work, and by assessment of the planning in the competitive research grant. Thus motivation for high performance in resarch and improving the quality in education does little work in the current system. To solve these problems and to encourage flexibility in personnel, changing from input management to output management and prohibition of internal promotion are proposed. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 203 |
| 終了ページ | 220 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129857 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41652 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Features of Chinese Popular Jingles or MIN- YAO under the Open Policy |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_171_202.pdf |
| 著者 | 岡 益巳| |
| 抄録 | Popular jingles or MIN-YAO had been strictly prohibited under the Mao regime, and they came to be set free when the modernization policy started as far as they do not deny the communist regime itself. The lifting of prohibition together with the expansion of social inequalities under the open policy brought an unprecedented boom of popular jingles in the latter half of 1980's, and the boom still continues. Oka [1995] tried to indicate the various social problems in today's China through the analysis of over six hundred popular jingles. In this study, I have presented more sufficient references about the following two points: ① the differences between the political circumstances under which popular jingles have been produced, and ② the true feelings of the people behind popular jingles toward the open policy and the post Deng Xiaoping. The fitst point is examined by comparing how and why jingles were compiled among the eras of the New Literature Movement, Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping. The second point is made clear by studying the various viewpoints of China watchers. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 171 |
| 終了ページ | 202 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129856 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41651 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Theory and Historical View of Industrial Policy - Microscopic Instruction in Time of War - |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_151_170.pdf |
| 著者 | 武村 昌介| |
| 抄録 | My role in this paper is to research into the theory and history of Japanese industral policy in time of war. Although the actual industrial policies are very complicated and diversified, the theoretical framework in the background is considerably simple. First two main economic tools, that is, the production possibility frontier and budget constrained are adequately used in this research, including the policy - decision line. Next the various realities of industrial policies are described in detail from the Japan - China War to the Pacific War. At the last section one more important diagram appears on the stage. That explains a model including relations of the number of resource allocative sectors and three kinds of cost, namely, production cost, internal governance cost and exclusion cost. I can find that the suggestions from this modelling study are unexpectedly interesting. I can observe two intertemporal equilibrium points by shifting twin functions determining the number of the above mentioned sectors and total of three kinds of cost. The important conclusion is that we can decrease both of the number of sectors and total cost by employing nicely the principles of market, not the principle of planning. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 151 |
| 終了ページ | 170 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129855 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41650 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the Initial Stage of Systemic Transformation into a Market Economy : The Case of Azerbaijan |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_129_149.pdf |
| 著者 | 源河 朝典| |
| 抄録 | Azerbaijan, oil-rich country along the shore of the Caspian Sea and one ofthe fifteen republics ofthe former Soviet Union, has been paid little attention from the Japanese academic world of economic researches. After the collapse ofthe Soviet Union, Azerbaijan had been suffering from the war with Armenia on Nagorno-Karabakh, the conflict in Chechenya of Russia, domestic political unstability, high rapid inflation and the sharp decrease of production. The close of the boundary by Russia deepend further the economic crisis. It was the most urgent need for Azerbaijan to launch the establishment of the new state regime, a macro-economic satabilization and economic structural reforms. But it was almost impossible for Azerbaijan because of the war with Armenia. After six year war, in 1995, Azerbaijan launched a macro-economic satabilization and it's result is impressive in the suppression of inflation. But structural economic reforms have been stagnating in privatization, agriculture and enterprise restructuring, and production decrease has been continuing. In 1996, the structural economic reform program has started. Now, Azerbaijan is standing on the initial stage of the systemic transformation into a market economy. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 129 |
| 終了ページ | 149 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129854 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41649 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | The Credit Squeeze of 1973 after the Oil Crisis |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_103_127.pdf |
| 著者 | 一ノ瀬 篤| |
| 抄録 | Following another paper of mine* devoted to the analysis of the credit sqeeze in 1973 before the Oil Crisis, this paper deals with the developement of the sqeeze after the Oil Crisis. The main purpose is to compare the analysis of this paper with that of The Hundred Years of the Bank of Japan, vol. 6 (1986). Main concluding remarks are as follows. 1 The recession after the Oil Crisis is mainly due to both the shrinkage of real-term consumption as the natural result of rapid inflation and the decline of willingness to invest. The latter, the decline of investment, is due to the anxiety about the high-cost of oil and the difficulty to secure it. The Hundred Years does not mention the above. 2 The Hundred Years discusses only little about the effect of the reversed exchange control policy upon the improvement of overall balance of payments, whereas this paper attaches great importance to the mixed effect of reversed exchange control since Nov. 1973 and the raising of the Bank Rate by 2% in Dec. 1973. 3 As to the reason why the 9% Bank Rate had been maintained until April 1975, this paper infers, with a few indirect evidences, that it was necessary for the Bank, particularly, to retain, for some time, short- term foreign capital in the hands of foreign exchange banks to tide over the foreign currency reserves crisis since the fourth quarter of 1973. With regards to this question, The Hundred Years stresses only the significance of maintaining 9% to bring rapid inflation to a close. It does not mention the relation between the keeping of 9% and the international movement of money capital. *Atsushi Ichinose, The Credit Squeeze of 1973 before the Oil Crisis, Shikoku Gakuin Shakaikagaku Nenshi (Journal of Social Science), No 6,1996 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 103 |
| 終了ページ | 127 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129853 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41648 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | International Mal-adjustments and Japan's Protracted Lower Growth in 1990 s |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_079_102.pdf |
| 著者 | 建部 和弘| |
| 抄録 | After temporally large decreasing in the early '90 s, current account imbalances abruptly had increased again above a hundred billion US dollars (yearly base) from 1993 to 1995 both in Japan (surpluses) and the United States (deficits). There have been some controversies over the cases of those imbalances among academic circles and some economists in economic think-tanks. One of the controversies is about a theoretical macro-balance. Those concerning long-term equilibrium approach emphasise structural factors on domestic gap between saving and investment balance of both the United States and Japan. On the contrary, those concerning short-term balance approach claim that external imbalances have been affected by short-term fluctuating factors, especially by the differential of both countries' economic growth. In line with the latter approach, this paper introduces a new concept of 'international mal-adjustments' on explaining about the problem of such external imbalances. From the viewpoint of a realistic approach, intractable large-scale current account imbalances (more than two percentages of GDP) of both Japan and the United States in recent years had been complained and claimed to be corrected by some important policy changes of both countries under the leadership of Clinton' administration since its inauguration in 1993. International mal-adjustments has been bringing big monetary and economic problems, in particular to Japanese economy. This paper depicts such problems as yen's super appreciation and Japan's protracted zero or one percent economic growth in recent years. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 79 |
| 終了ページ | 102 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129852 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41647 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On Multiperiod Policy Implementation Model |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_059_078.pdf |
| 著者 | 藤本 利躬| |
| 抄録 | It is intended here to investigate the basic structures and functions of the so-called "reputation" regime of macroeconomic policy-making by making use of a simple macro-model as composed of aggregate Lucas-type supply and ordinary demand functions in a familiar static framework of two targets and one policy instrument. The regime is conceived as one of many possible compromises between commitment and discretion, possible in a multi-period setting of the intrinsically static model, and the private sector's way of rational expectations is shown to be decisive in what reputation regime is concretely effected as a substitute for unrealistic commitment. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 59 |
| 終了ページ | 78 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129851 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41645 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Statistics and Measurement Theory : Credibility versus Validity |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_001_028.pdf |
| 著者 | 杉森 滉一| |
| 抄録 | The main types and characteristics of the validity about the social research data are outlined, emphasizing the philosophical isuues which underpin this concept. A distinction is drawn between the content validity and other two types of validity. The social background of the validity is then analysed which indicates pragmatic and positivistic formulations marked at the period of growth of the idea "validity". The logical background is also analysed which demonstrates characteristics almost proper to social research data in which a concept corresponds to (at least) several total indicators or measures, in contrast with other sorts of data (statistics, for example) in which a concept corresponds to an unique indic ator or to several partial indicators. The question is raised as to whether it is possible to use the validity in order to examine measurements errors in economic statistics. The conclusion is affimative to the extent to which a philosophical launderring can be performed and "one concept - several total indicators" data can be found in economic statistics. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 1 |
| 終了ページ | 28 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129849 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41644 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | "lkken Kuchigaki Utsushi" by Gisuke, 1837 |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_167_198.pdf |
| 著者 | 神立 春樹| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 167 |
| 終了ページ | 198 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129847 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41642 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the Matting Industry from the Middle Meiji Era to the Taisho Era |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_107_135.pdf |
| 著者 | 神立 春樹| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 107 |
| 終了ページ | 135 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129845 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41641 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Joint Products and the Equal Division Rule of Embodied Labour |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_095_105.pdf |
| 著者 | 和田 豊| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 95 |
| 終了ページ | 105 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129844 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41639 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the Rural Community Finance and the Economic Recover Plans after the Economic Crisis of Shôwa |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_061_086.pdf |
| 著者 | 坂本 忠次| |
| 抄録 | This paper treats economic and social changes of the rural community of Odacounty in Okayama prefecture after the economic crisis of shôwa. In the 1930's, the serious agricultural crisis and economic stagnation continued in the rural areas of Japan. In order to recover from the crisis, the Saito Cabinet (Minister of Finance, Mr. Takahashi) took a measure of spending policy (this finance was called 'Takahashi Zaisei'). The special budget which was called 'Jikyoku-Kyoukyu-Jigyo Yosan' was cut off after three years, because of the increasing expenditures for the Manshu-War and of the shortage of government revenue. Therefore the plan of the economic recovery of the rural communities which had no support from the government was newly established. We investigated the agricultural crisis and local finance of Odacounty in Okayama prefecture, and we have found that 'Jikyoku-Kyoukyu-Jigyo Yosan' of Kasaoka town in Odacounty was also broken down after only two years. We show that the plans of the economic reconstruction of the towns and villages in this county were introduced, and that the plans with no financial support from the central government changed into spiritual, educational and enlightening movements through these crisis. As a result, the small farmers in this county fell into the fascism movement. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 61 |
| 終了ページ | 86 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129842 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41637 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the Features of Chinese Ex-Students Who Studied and Are Employed in Japan |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_029_045.pdf |
| 著者 | 岡 益巳| 深田 博己| |
| 抄録 | We have made a series of researches on the problems of Chinese students who want to obtain employment in Japan. Oka & Fukada [1994 a] tried to clarify the factors in decision-making of Chinese college students to get ajob in Japan, and our former study in 1996 examined the differences of consciousness between the students who want to work in China and those who want to work in Japan. In this study, we try to reveal the features of Chinese ex-students who studied in Japanese higher educational institutes, and have already had a job in Japan. Their features are found by comparing these exstudents with Chinese college students, vocational school students and Japanese language school students respectively. This paper has revealed that Chinese ex-students have better feeling towards the life in Japan and have more close Japanese friends than vocational or language school students have. These two factors are, however, not remarkable between ex-students and college students. These two are not decisive enough to induce Chinese students to get employed in Japan. Our present study has also clarified that only 23% of the Chinese exstudents want to stay long in Japan, while a certain research shows that more than half of the Chinese students who wish to get a job here want to work for more than ten years. We guess that the severer circumstances of the Japanese economy than they had originally expected have deprived many ex-students of their desire to keep on working in Japan. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 29 |
| 終了ページ | 45 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129840 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41636 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | An Overture to the Study of Policy Implementation Model |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_001_027.pdf |
| 著者 | 藤本 利躬| |
| 抄録 | The paper investigates such basic policy-making regimes as simple rules, commitments and discretion, and some compromises on them such as rules with escape clauses and so on in a familiar static framework of two targets and one policy instrument, with an intention of making it as an overture to the study of Ragnar Frisch's theory of economic policy, especially his policy implelmentation model as the qualitative policy model. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 1 |
| 終了ページ | 27 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129839 |
| 著者 | 榎本 悟| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1996-08-28 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 一般雑誌記事 |
| 著者 | 藤本 利躬| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1996-08-28 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 一般雑誌記事 |
| 著者 | 班 瑋| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1996-08-28 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 一般雑誌記事 |