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JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11500
FullText URL 008_039_052.pdf
Author Kankam-Yeboah Kwabena| Dapaah-Siakwan Stephen| Nishigaki, Makoto| Komatsu, Mitsuru|
Abstract Increasing human population, changing lifestyles and environmental considerations have resulted in increased utilization of groundwater resources worldwide. Thus, in turn, has led to the decline of groundwater levels in some countries and Ghana is no exception to this problem. To augment the availability of groundwater resources for various uses, numerous techniques have been developed in many part of the world, one of which is the construction of underground dams. The successful construction and utilization of underground dams, however, depends very much on the physical and hydrogeological conditions at the dam sites. Ghana is underlain by Precambrian crystalline igneous and metamorphic rocks ; and Paleozoic consolidated sedimentary formations. There are further subdivided and described locally as the Birimian, Dahomeyan, Buem, Togo Series, Tarkwaian, Granites, Voltain, Coastal Block Fault, Coastal Plain and Quaternary Alluvium. The review of these and the pre-requisite conditions necessary for the construction of underground dams indicate that underground dams could be constructed and utilized in some parts of Ghana, especially where the overburden is shallow, in the Dahomeyan granites and in the recent formations consisting of alluvial and coastal sands and gravels. This paper is part of a continuing research programme being carried out by the authors.
Keywords hydrogeology geology underground dam sand-storage dam sub-surface dam water supply
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2003-03
Volume volume8
Issue issue1
Start Page 39
End Page 52
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313713
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11499
FullText URL 010_067_074.pdf
Author Dewan Ashraf M.| Alam Md. Mahabubul| Nishigaki, Makoto|
Abstract The objective of this paper is to delineate flood prone areas and estimate damage in Greater Dhaka during the 1998 catastrophic flood using an integrated approach of GIS and remote sensing. Time series RADARSAT SAR data is acquired and used to demarcate flood boundaries for the 1998 flood event. This was accomplished by thresholding linear SAR imageries. Flood estimation demonstrated that flood areas steadily increased from early July 1998 and peaked on 25 August 1998 inundating 53% lands due to heavy monsoonal downpour and discharge from upstream points. Different thematic layers were combined with a derived flood map in order to assess flood damage for the same event. Flood damage analysis revealed that substantial damage has occurred in Greater Dhaka during the 1998 flood.
Keywords Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) flood delineation 1998 flood flood damage Greater Dhaka
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2005-02-28
Volume volume10
Issue issue1
Start Page 67
End Page 74
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313624
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11498
FullText URL 008_027_038.pdf
Author Zou, Dagang| Abe, Hirofumi|
Abstract China has achieved a remarkable economic growth in the past two decades. However, the rapid economic development has led to regional disparities between the advanced coastal regions and the other regions. Regional development planning in China has sought to achieve the redress of regional disparities as well as a high economic growth. This paper aims to examine the role of core cities in the development of Chinese regional economy and their impact on regional differentials. Following a brief review of regional development planning in China, the paper examines the role of core cities on the regional development and the trends in regional disparities using data for seven coastal provinces (Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei and Liaoning) and three municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai) in the period 1989-1997. It shows that while the coastal regions achieved a high economic growth, the extent of regional disparities and the contributions of core cities to the reduction of economic differentials varied among provinces. The paper concludes by proposing future issues on regional development planning in China.
Keywords regional disparities core cities per capita GDP lavor productivity per capita employment
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2003-03
Volume volume8
Issue issue1
Start Page 27
End Page 38
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313409
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11497
FullText URL 008_023_026.pdf
Author Watanabe, Masaji| Numaguchi Satoshi|
Abstract The global positioning system (GPS) is utilized for analysis of flows in the water environment. A float equipped with a GPS unit is designed to drift on the surface of the water. Its driving force is the fluid resistance exerted on a pair of rectangular plates. While it travels over the surface, the GPS unit evaluates its position every second, and spatiotemporal data that specify its motion are transmitted to be recorded. Results of experiments conducted to study unsteady flows generated in Kojima Lake are introduced.
Keywords water environment global positioning system
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2003-03
Volume volume8
Issue issue1
Start Page 23
End Page 26
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313912
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11496
FullText URL 010_057_065.pdf
Author Dewan Ashraf M.| Alam Md. Mahabubul| Nishigaki, Makoto|
Abstract This paper is an attempt to develop a series of maps that precisely depict flood prone areas in Greater Dhaka, Bangladesh using remote sensing techniques. Multi-temporal RADARSAT SAR data were acquired and employed to delineate open water flood boundary during the floods of 1998 and 2000. Using a threshold algorithm, SAR data is segregated into water and non-water areas. The empirical threshold value was obtained by using visual interpretation technique, local knowledge of the study site and by deriving corresponding pixel values to land/water from each image. The result demonstrated that 53 percent of the study area was heavily inundated in 1998 flood which is the largest submerged area during a catastrophic scenario. In contrast, 35.32 percent area was flooded during the year 2000 which represents the area under water for a normal event. Using the reference data acquired from field visit, derived flood maps were further validated. Moderate accuracy is obtained for all flood maps, however, July 1998 image attained the highest overall accuracy (86%) in the dataset. The derived flood maps are expected to be useful to mitigate losses of lives and property from river water flooding in Greater Dhaka. Furthermore, this information would be worthwhile to develop an efficient flood disaster management system.
Keywords SAR open water flood 1998 and 2000 floods Greater Dhaka RADARSAT
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2005-02-28
Volume volume10
Issue issue1
Start Page 57
End Page 65
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313953
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11487
FullText URL 008_001_007.pdf
Author Tsunekuni Yasuhiro| Ohga Yukio| Ishikawa, Hirofumi|
Abstract In 1990s, there were rapid increases in the number of HIV epidemics and AIDS cases in Thailand, Southeast Asia. In particular the risk of HIV infection was very high among female prostitutes who played a large part in the transmission of HIV infection. We formulated a mathematical model for the transmission of HIV in prostitutes. We carried out the model simulations to analyze the incipient spread of HIV infection and the effect of AIDS prevention methods in prostitutes. The simulation of our model indicates that even if the effect of AIDS prevention methods such as the recommendation of condom use for commercial sex workers would block the transmission at rate by 70%, the elimination of the HIV epidemic is still beyond attainment.
Keywords AIDS HIV prostitution Thailand transmission model
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2003-03
Volume volume8
Issue issue1
Start Page 1
End Page 7
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002314019
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11485
FullText URL 010_029_039.pdf
Author Ju Xian Meng|
Abstract The generalized Grothendieck-Witt ring of nonsingular Hermitian forms with positioning map is the cartesian product of the ordinary Grothendieck-Witt ring of nonsingular Hermitian forms and a map ring. We study the generalized Grothendieck-Witt ring by computing the map ring.
Keywords Grothendieck Witt ring orbit GAP
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2005-02-28
Volume volume10
Issue issue1
Start Page 29
End Page 39
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313655
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11484
FullText URL 010_023_028.pdf
Author Watanabe, Masaji| Liu Ying| Wang Ming Jun|
Abstract Topographical data of Kojima Lake have been updated by applying data obtained after dredging. Together with tide level of Kojima Bay and water levels of Kurashiki River and Sasagase river, the information was incorporated in computational analysis of unsteady flows generated in the lake when the water was discharged from Kojima Lake to Kojima, Bay. A finite element method was applied to equations governing unsteady flows, and the transition of discharge was obtained.
Keywords water environment finite element method numerical simulation
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2005-02-28
Volume volume10
Issue issue1
Start Page 23
End Page 28
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313649
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11482
FullText URL 011_093_097.pdf
Author Kimura, Kunio| Yamazaki, Shinichi| Cassidy Patrick E.| Fitch John W| Venumbaka Sreenu R.|
Abstract Fluorine-containing poly(ether ketone)s was synthesized by the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and 4,4'-bis(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzoyl) diphenyl ether in super-critical CO(2). Polymerizations were carried out at 80℃ for 6 hours under 5000 psi of CO(2) pressure, which was super-critical phase. Polymerization concentration was 0.5 g of polymer in 10 - 12 mL of CO(2). The polymer was not obtained in CO(2) due to the insolubility of both the potassium bisphenoxide and the polymer into CO(2). However, the polymer was formed by an addition of DMAc and NMP in CO(2), even though molecular weight was not so high. Very small amount of co-solvents which were immiscible with CO(2) was effective, and it was 1/20 - 1/25 amount of the solvent used in the conventional poly(ether ketone) synthesis. The polymerization mechanism was also discussed.
Keywords super-critical carbon dioxide plastics high performance environmentally benign
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2006-03-15
Volume volume11
Issue issue1
Start Page 93
End Page 97
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313564
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11481
FullText URL 010_009_011.pdf
Author Kajiwara, Tsuyoshi| Sasaki, Toru|
Abstract An elementary proof of permanence for a simple mathematical model proposed by Nowak and Bangham. In many papers, permanence property is proved by theorems established by the general theory of dynamical system. In this paper, we present an elementary proof only using differential inequalities and the theory of linear differential equations with constant coefficients.
Keywords Permanence dynamical system pathogen
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2005-02-28
Volume volume10
Issue issue1
Start Page 9
End Page 11
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313596
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11480
Title Alternative A Case Study on How to Teach English at University Adopting TOEIC (2) -Evaluation after three years-
FullText URL 009_167_178.pdf
Author Morokawa, Shigetake| Ogino, Masaru| Kanzaki, Ken-ichi|
Abstract Three years ago, we wrote an essay about our new English-teaching program that adopted TOEIC. We gave out questionnaires to the students with questions ranging from what they thought of English in general to what they thought of our new program. In the essay, we discussed some of the results. Even though students' response was relatively positive in this initial survey, we wrote in our conclusion that we would like to renew and reform our classes. Receiving feedback from students periodically would help us improve their English ability. In order to see the change of students' attitude toward English and also toward our program, we conducted the same research last February. This time the results were not as favorable. For example, the number of students who thought their English ability was poor increased and those who showed a positive attitude toward our program decreased. We discussed and wrote what we learned from those results. We raised the question whether there was a gap between what we tried to teach to the students and what they wanted from us. Possible reasons were discussed on why we could not succeed in stimulating the students into studying English further. In April 2003 Okayama University started a new English curriculum, in which the classes for proficiency tests including TOEIC were opened. Similar classes have been set at many other universities. This survey will be a help to the further development of English education adopting TOEIC.
Keywords TESOL TOEIC questionnaires team teaching
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 167
End Page 178
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313460
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11478
FullText URL 009_163_166.pdf
Author Nakatsu Shogo| Tsuboi, Sadao|
Abstract Diels-Alder reactions of 5,5,5-trichloro-3-penten-2-one and ethyl 4,4,4-trichloro-2-butenoate with cyclopentadiene in the presence of a chiral Lewis acid gave exo-2-acetyl-endo-3-trichloromethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene and exo-2-ethoxycarbonyl-endo-3-trichloromethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene with 40% and 7% e.e., respectively.
Keywords asymmetric reaction Diels-Alder reaction asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction chiral Lewis acid trichloromethy group
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 163
End Page 166
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313377
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11471
FullText URL 012_151_156.pdf
Author Chetin Amine Cifci| Ichiminami, Fumikazu|
Abstract More than billions of years, Earth activity and earthquakes have functioned as the most important part in shaping the physical features of our Earth, on both social life and environment. Its unavoidable results always change life styles and city's structures with its positive and negative effects. To diminish those negative effects or avoid precise earthquake hazard, informing society is very crucial that the strong awareness decreases the risk as seen from past experiences all around the world. The research technique is functioned as questionnaire and applied in the area to achieve more realistic information and to maintain the essential arguments. All along the study, it is tried to think up the earthquake phenomena well known and straightforwardly recognized by a considerable quantity of people. Consequently, it is observed in this study that; firstly, telecommunication is most selected item both before and after earthquake in the point of its effectiveness. Secondly, telecommunication tools more preferable though, public announcement more trusting for society as power of affection on personal decision mechanisms. Thirdly, as a new tendency after earthquake, internet preference increased by means of information source about earthquake.
Keywords Awareness of earthquake Importance of information Relative reliability of sources Internet and public announcement
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2007-03-15
Volume volume12
Issue issue1
Start Page 151
End Page 156
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313418
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11468
FullText URL 009_111_116.pdf
Author Su Hai| Taniguchi, Takeo| Chouw Nawawi|
Abstract The study addresses the influence of bumpers as reduction measures at the bridge decks. The considered devices are steel spring, steel spring with additional viscous damper or steel spring with additional friction element. Gap between bridge decks remains. The reduction measure is placed at one end of the neighbouring girders. The considered earthquakes are the 1994 Northridge earthquake and the 1995 Kobe earthquake. For the nonlinear analysis a finite element method is used. The investigation shows that compared to the other measures the best reduction of the pounding force can be achieved with a friction device.
Keywords reduction measure earthquake response bridge girder pounding viscous damping friction
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 111
End Page 116
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313773
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11466
FullText URL 009_099_110.pdf
Author Dewan A.M.| Nishigaki, Makoto| Komatsu, Mitsuru|
Abstract Dhaka city, the capital of Bangladesh and home for more than 10 million people, has been affected by seasonal flooding almost in every year, however, the situation aggravates depending on rainfall and surrounding river waters. The aim of this paper is to delineate the flood extent in Dhaka city using digital elevation model (DEM), an integral part of geographic information system. Catastrophic floods of the 1988 and 1998 events are taken into consideration. Hydro-meteorological assessment of these events revealed that the 1988 flood was severe due to the lack of flood protection in the city together with transboundary flow of the major rivers while the 1998 flood was become deluge due to incessant monsoonal downpour along with early peaked of the river water levels. The 1998 event has done colossal damage in the city compare to the 1988 event. Flood extent estimation showed that DEM data is very precious to model inundation in the city, however, in order to be spatially explicit flood model, high resolution DEM is necessary. Finally, flood management issues are reviewed and found that combination of structural and nonstructural measures are necessary to help reducing flood induced losses and damage in the city.
Keywords Dhaka City Floods Digital Elevation Model 1998 and 1988 Floods
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 99
End Page 110
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313678
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11464
FullText URL 009_087_098.pdf
Author Kankam-Yeboah Kwabena| Gyau-Boakye Philip| Nishigaki, Makoto| Komatsu, Mitsuru|
Abstract Three principal river basins are found in Ghana and the Volta River Basin is the major one, covering about three -quarters of Ghana. The basin is shared with Mali, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Togo and Benin. Water from the Volta River Basin is used for drinking water supply, generating hydro-electric power, irrigation, inland fisheries and lake transport. The sustainable management of the Volta River Basin is thus of great importance. Land use activities in the basin are thus closely monitored not only in Ghana, but also in the other riparian countries as well. This paper presents information and data on the water resources and environmental management of the Volta River Basin in Ghana.
Keywords water resources environmental management Volta River Basin Ghana water utilization
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 87
End Page 98
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313917
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11456
FullText URL 009_053_058.pdf
Author Numaguchi Satoshi| Med Mahmoud Ould Med Lemine| Watanabe, Masaji|
Abstract We study a wind-generated current in Kojima Lake. We introduce an experimantal result which was obtained using a float equipped with a GPS unit. We also present a result of numerical study in which a result from finite element analysis of flow is applied to the momentum equation of the float to simulate its motion.
Keywords water environment global positioning system numerical simulation
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 53
End Page 58
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313924
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11455
FullText URL 009_045_051.pdf
Author Iuchi Takuma| Kajiwara, Tsuyoshi|
Abstract Qualitative analysis for the model of HIV infection in vivo presented by Perelson and Nelson are developed. The local stability analysis is done for the interior equilibrium, and it is shown that, for some paramter value, the interior equilibrium can be unstable and a Hopf bifurcation can occur. It is shown that the boundary equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable. Last, it is shown that this system is permanent.
Keywords HIV Mathematical model Stability Liapunov function
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 45
End Page 51
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313809
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11454
FullText URL 012_107_117.pdf
Author Akhtar M. Shahbaz| Oki, Yoko| Adachi, Tadashi| Khan Md. H. R.|
Abstract Acclimation to orthophosphate (Pi) deprivation via highly coordinated Pi-starvation induced (PSI) classical mechanisms such as copious quantities of H(+) and carboxylates (OAs) exudation, remodeling and modification of root architecture by increasing structural and functional plasticity, enhanced uptake rate and increased synthesis of Pi transporters would reduce or eliminate our current overreliance on expensive, polluting, and nonrenewable Pi-fertilizers. These complicated but elegant morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular adjustments of Pi-starved plants provide an excellent example of how the unique flexibility of plant metabolism and energy transduction helps them to cope in a typically stressful environment. Pi-starved roots possess enhanced H(+)-ATPase and PEPCase which could result in increasing H(+) efflux and OAs exudations in the root vicinity. This would lead to the rhizosphere acidification, which thereby contribute to the solublization and assimilation of mineral Pi from environment. To visualize the dissolution of sparingly soluble Ca-phosphate and rhizospheric pH changes (in situ), genetically diverse Brassica cultivars were grown on agar media. Newly formed Ca-phosphate was suspended in agar containing other essential nutriens. With NH(4)(+) applied as the N source, the precipitate dissolved in the root vicinity and this was ascribed to acidification. No dissolution was occurred with No(3)(-)-nutrition. In order to observe the pH changes at the media-root interface (rhizosphere), an image analysis was carried out after embedding the roots in agar containing bromocresol purple as pH indicator. Efficient cultivar 'Brown Raya' showed greater decrease in pH than P-inefficient 'B.S.A' in the culture media. Hydroponically grown cultivars were compared with respect to P-utilization efficiency (PUE), P-stress factor (PSF), and Ca- and P-uptake at P-starvation. PUE, and Ca- and P-uptake correlated significantly (P<0.01) with biomass accumulation, indicating that higher P-uptake of efficient cultivars was because of their higher Ca-uptake, which in turn was related to their better P-acquisition and PUE. Remodelling of root architecture of efficient cultivars helped the cultivars to establish a better rooting system, which provided basis for tolerance under P-starvation.
Keywords Brassica Bromocresol purple H(+) -efflux Rhizospheirc pH changes and acidification PUE
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2007-03-15
Volume volume12
Issue issue1
Start Page 107
End Page 117
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313432
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11453
FullText URL 009_037_044.pdf
Author Sung Jimin| Tanaka, Yutaka|
Abstract There have been proposed so far many methods of statistical diagnostics in Cox regression for checking the goodness of the estimated model or checking the adequacy of the data. The former type contains the checking of the overall goodness of fit, the validity of the assumption of proportional hazards and the proper functional forms of the effects of covariates. While the latter type contains the checking whether there exist singly and/or jointly influential observations in the data set. In the present paper we study numerically the performances of various methods of diagnostics including our method of influence analysis for multiple-case diagnostics (Sung and Tanaka, 2003) by analyzing a real data set of lung cancer patients.
Keywords Cox regression Influence function Local influence Influential Subsets Cox-Snell residuals Martingale residual Deviance residual
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 37
End Page 44
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313595