result 1554 件
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41594 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Standard of Living of Workmen in the End of Meiji Era |
| FullText URL | oer_029_2_085_118.pdf |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-09-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 85 |
| End Page | 118 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129899 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41593 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_029_2_061_084.pdf |
| Author | Yamamoto, Kiyoshi| |
| Abstract | The new public mangement (NPM) has now been in fashion in many developed countries. The change from cash accounting to accrual accounting is considered an important tool in NPM. The New Zealand Government and the executive agencies in the UK transfered to accrual based budgeting and accounting, while the member countries of EU and the US Government control the expenditures in cash based. This paper aims to explain why the different approaches are adopted in public sector reforms in terms of comparative institutional analysis. Firstly, a multiprincipal and agent model, which expands the contingency model in accounting reforms into the arena of management reforms, is presented. By using the model, the reforms in the Japanese local governments are examined and their possible reforming scenarios are indicated; the reforms have the possibility of improving accountability and efficiency when NPM would be integrated with Planning, Programming and Budgeting System. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-09-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 61 |
| End Page | 84 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129897 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41592 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Chinese Society Observed through Popular Jingles in the Transitional Period from Deng Xiaoping to Jiang Zemin |
| FullText URL | oer_029_2_025_060.pdf |
| Author | Oka, Masumi| |
| Abstract | In my previous works I tried to analyze the various phases of the Chinese society through six hundred popular jingles or "min-yao" under the regime of Deng Xiaoping, and also made it clear that the unprecedented boom of popular jingles was caused by the expantion of social contradictions and partial lifting of the prohibition ofjingles critical of the regime. Deng Xiaoping died in February 1997 after two and half years of his 'complete retirement' from the political world in September 1994. It is understood that this is the very period when Jiang Zemin carried out the succession of power from him. In the present study, I clarify social phenomena seen through forty-two jingles in this transitional period. They indicate that China has a deepening tendency of corruption not only among aristocratic communists but also in the whole society. The sensational suicide of Wang Baosen, an ex-deputy mayor of Beijing, shows us that corruption prevails among top leaders of the country as well. This study also reveals that morality on sex has deteriorated on the nationwide scale during these years. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-09-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 25 |
| End Page | 60 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129898 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41591 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | On Mimicking as a Sequential Policy Implementation |
| FullText URL | oer_029_2_001_023.pdf |
| Author | Fujimoto, Toshimi| |
| Abstract | The basic structure and functions of the so-called "mimicking" regime of macroeconomic policy-making are investigated here by using a simple one-instrument (money supply)-and-two-targets (inflation and employment) policy model composed of aggregate Lucas-type supply and ordinary demand functions in such a framework of 2-period sequential equilibrium analysis as Persson and Tabellini used, with a seemingly minor but consequently important change in one of the assumptions Persson and Tabellini posited. The assumption is the one concerned with the tough-type government's trade-off between the two targets, and the change is shown to result in a more economically interpretable criterion by which the weak-type can choose between pooling equilibrium with mimicking and separating one without it. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-09-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 23 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129901 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41590 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | "Ikken Kuchigaki Utsushi" by Gisuke, 1837 (II) |
| FullText URL | oer_029_1_137_158.pdf |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-06-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 137 |
| End Page | 158 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129876 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41589 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | My Lectures on 'Fconomic History of Japan' in Okayama University |
| FullText URL | oer_029_1_111_136.pdf |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-06-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 111 |
| End Page | 136 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129877 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41588 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_029_1_105_110.pdf |
| Author | Fujimoto, Takao| |
| Abstract | The purpose of this note is to present a proposition on a sort of duality relation concerning systems of nonlinear inequalities. A useful theorem due to A.W. Tucker(1956) on duality relations valid for systems of linear inequalities was partially generalized to systems of nonlinear inequalities in Fujimoto(1980), in which a given vector-valued mapping is assumed to be either pseudoconcave or homogeneous of a positive degree. Another partial extension of Tucker's result is made in Fujimoto-Ranade(1995), where the concavity of a given mapping is required. The assumption of concavity seems too strong in a model with externalities and variable returns, and so in this note a weaker assumption of pseudoconcavity is restored with an additional requirement. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-06-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 105 |
| End Page | 110 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129875 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41587 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Some Points of Issue on Decentralization |
| FullText URL | oer_029_1_077_104.pdf |
| Author | Sakamoto, Chuji| |
| Abstract | This paper treats some points of issue on decentralization in governmental fiscal relations of Japan. In my last paper, I studied the interim report of the decentralization promoting committee which was published in March, 1996. On the 20th of December, 1996, the first report of this comittee appeared, and some concrete plans to classifY Kikanininjimu into 'jichi-jimu' and 'h6teijutaku-jimu' were proposed by this committee. In this paper, we investigate whether these plans of classification are proper or not. We also discuss the recent policy of communal unification proposed by a group of citizens, and point out some questions from the viewpoint of local autonomy and of decentralization. We admit the significance of this first report of the committee, and yet we have to emphasize again that the task of decentralization depends heavily on the reform to strengthen communal financial position. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-06-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 77 |
| End Page | 104 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129874 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41586 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | A Comparison of part-time workers between Japan and Germany 1990 |
| FullText URL | oer_029_1_047_076.pdf |
| Author | Wakisaka, Akira| |
| Abstract | A comparison of part-time workers between Japan and Germany using comparable data 1990 shows that 1) German female part-time workers have long-tenured, 2) that tenure effect of German part-timers on wage and salaries is great, 3) that pay gap between female full-timers and part-timers in Germany is trivial, 4) that re-entry in labour markets as part-time workers after breaking periods has an adverse impact on their earnings, but the extent of adverse impacts in Germany is less than that of Japan. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-06-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 47 |
| End Page | 76 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129873 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41585 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Network Domain and Structure |
| FullText URL | oer_029_1_023_046.pdf |
| Author | Enomoto, Satoru| Moriyama, Mitsuyoshi| |
| Abstract | The network domain which can pursue competitive advantages in business activities is characterized by exclusiveness. This exclusiveness is defined by companies not accepting anyone other than their own company or affiliated companies. The domain is also characterized by differentiation. Its sources of differentiation are subjective, tacit, or unsystematic knowledge which are constructed by the special relationship of the autonomous and voluntary members being linked for a long time. In this paper, it is referred to as network specialized knowledge (NSK). In addition, the primary network can be seen as the autonomous linking of equal term members. However, the network view discussed here is not a static view requiring each member's relationship to be fixed on equal terms in order to be recognized as a network, but is observed as a dynamic view. In the latter case, even if each member's relational base is originally authority, each member's relationship consciously excludes restrictions according to the aspect. If we consider the network from the structure aspect, we can classify two types of structure: decentralized and strategic. The former is that in which authorities are consciously transferred. This type of structure is not outside the existing framework of affiliated companies, related companies, and so on. The latter, however, is outside the existing framework. Even if companies are in competition, they are linked by the need to carry out high level strategies and by the need to create value. They are highly interdependent in regards to managerial resources on equal terms which are not restricted by authority or imbalanced dependence of managerial resources. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-06-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 23 |
| End Page | 46 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129872 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41584 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Sentiments of Chinese Over-Stayers toward Japan |
| FullText URL | oer_029_1_001_022.pdf |
| Author | Oka, Masumi| Fukada, Hiromi| |
| Abstract | As of May 1, 1996, there are more than 8,400 over-stayers from the visa status "college student", and there are also about 19,900 from the visa status "pre--college student". Chinese occupy 77.4% and 83.8% among them respectively. This means that Chinese students have a stronger tendency than those from the other countries to choose illegal stay in Japan after their student visas have expired. In the present study, we would like to clarify the features of Chinese over-stayers who were once students in Japan by making comparisons with the sentiments toward Japan of Chinese ex-students working in Japan, of college students, of vocational school students and of Japanese language school students. This paper reveals the following interesting facts. They have less satisfaction with their life in Japan and have less friendly feelings toward the Japanese society than Chinese workers and college students have. As a result, only 17.4% of them want to stay longer in Japan, while 65.2% wish to live in the U.S.A or other free countries and districts. Their financial conditions can also explain the above result. Their conditions are better than those oflanguage school students, but are worse than those of workers. Smaller income than their expectation might induce them to give up their illegal over-stay in Japan. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-06-05 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 22 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129871 |
| Author | Shigeno, Yukiko| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Content Type | Article |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41582 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Agriculture and Matting Production in the South Districts of Okayama Prefecture in the Early of Taisho Era in the Note of Etutaro Sato |
| FullText URL | oer_030_4_527_554.pdf |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 527 |
| End Page | 554 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129985 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41581 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | lmari-Porzellan und frühes Meißner Porzellan (2) |
| FullText URL | oer_030_4_489_525.pdf |
| Author | Matsuo, Nobushige| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 489 |
| End Page | 525 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129984 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41580 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Rethinking Adam Smith and Natural Juriprudence: A Reply to the Bookreviews of S. Niimura's The Shaping of Political Economy |
| FullText URL | oer_030_4_461_487.pdf |
| Author | Niimura, Satoshi| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 461 |
| End Page | 487 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129982 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41579 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | oer_030_4_451_459.pdf |
| Author | Fujimoto, Takao| Nishimura, Joji| |
| Abstract | In this note we consider a simple model of a service sector. In this service sector there are two types of shops, each offering distinct services at differential prices with fixed cost possibly being also unequal. When the decrease of customers is experienced by one of these two types, not both, then having less profits, those shops belonging to the damaged type can shift to the other type, thus alleviating losses on the whole. This can also mitigate the effect on tax revenue. The typical sector which the authors have in mind is that of pubs and restaurants where two types are the 'first-rate (more expensive with more services)' and the 'popular' class. Based on this model, we conduct an elementary comparative statics analysis. Most results are natural consequences, which can be inferred without using equations. And yet we supply proofs based upon equations and inequalities. Our main result is that with migration between two groups, the sector may incur less loss against the decrease in customers, especially that in the first-rate class. This means the effect on tax revenue is also milder with shiftability. Our model in this note is quite restrictive because the size of customers is exogenously given and does not respond to price differentials. Moreover in the analysis of comparative statics, the number of shops is fixed with no entry and no bankruptcy. These constraints should be removed in a more general framework. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 451 |
| End Page | 459 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129987 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41578 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Japanese Problem and the Newspapers in Seattle during World War II |
| FullText URL | oer_030_4_429_450.pdf |
| Author | Kurokawa, Katsutoshi| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 429 |
| End Page | 450 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129983 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41577 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Japanese Co-operative Movements in the Age of Getting the Co-operative Law |
| FullText URL | oer_030_4_413_427.pdf |
| Author | Shimono, Katsumi| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 413 |
| End Page | 427 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129981 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41576 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | A Review on Local Autonomy and Finance in Japan after World War II - On the Roles of 'Reformed Local Autonomy' - |
| FullText URL | oer_030_4_389_412.pdf |
| Author | Sakamoto, Chuji| |
| Abstract | The purpose of the paper is to revaluate the roles of the reformed local autonomy for promoting decentralization and local autonomy against new centralization. I consider the local autonomy and finance in Japan after World War II, focussing on the roles of so called 'Kakushin Jichitai', reformed local autonomy in the 1960's and 1970's. Firstly I review the developing and declining processes of 'reformed local autonomy' in the period of high economic growth in Japan. Then I discuss the roles of these reformed local government bodies through rising citizen movements. The local governments like Minobe-Tosei or Asukata-Yokohama-Shisei contributed to the tax reforms and some other financial reforms and promoting decentralization. The 1960's and 1970's in Japan are called 'The Period of New Centralization' in intergovernmental relations. However, the roles of these reformed local autonomy for promoting decentralization against new centralization should be revaluated. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 389 |
| End Page | 412 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129980 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41575 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | 'City Position of Importance in the Age of Honsyu-Shikoku Three Big Bridges : II |
| FullText URL | oer_030_4_333_388.pdf |
| Author | Nakamura, Ryohei| |
| Abstract | More than ten year ago Seto-Ohashi was constructed, last April Akashi-Kaikyo-Ohashi was completed, and this May Onomichi-Imabari route is going to be provided as the third road connecting Honsyu with Shikoku area. At the end of this century, as a result, Seto-uchi area has three main routes which would improve interregional mobility. Progress of traffic infrastructure could change city's economic position. On one side, some cities may growth by improving interregional accessibility. On the other side, however, some cities may lose their economic status due to so called 'straw effects'. This paper consists of two parts; the former part is focussed on recent regional economic changes and statistical analyses on city position of importance, the latter part is empirical investigation based on the results of questionnaire about city positions of importance. Regional recent changes mean office location and relocation as a firms' regional evaluations. In statistical analyses I propose a new indicator ofcity's relative economic importance. Questionnaire has been conducted for branch offices of major four cities in Seto-uchi area. Through questionnaire several evaluations of individual cities by corporate firms are clarified. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 333 |
| End Page | 388 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129979 |
