検索結果 445 件
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41569 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the New Academic Achievements concerning the Historical Studies on the Iron and Steel Industry in Northeast China Attained by T. Matsumoto |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_4_167_183.pdf |
| 著者 | 松本 俊郎| |
| 抄録 | This paper is aimed at summing up T. Matsumoto's recent academic achievements regarding Anshan Iron & Steel Co. in northeast China. The important facts raised therein are as follows. AISC rapidly recovered its facilities in the first half of 1950s. The production level of AISC resumed its maximum prewar level between 1952 to 1954. How was it possible to restore the equipment which had been heavily damaged from the WWII and the Chinese Civil War in such a short period? A marvelous reconstruction of AISC in 'Three Year Reconstruction Period' after 1949 was a result realized by the combination of many factors: (1) exceptional enthusiasm for reconstruction among young Chinese engineers and workers who were sent to Anshan and trained there; (2) the flexible man power policy of Eight Route Army controlling their hostile emotion to the ex-enemies, pursuing the latest and rational know-how, and challenging to create a new steel production technology; (3) availability and cooperation of the Japanese and the ex-Nationalist Chinese engineers; (4) remaining equipments and captured documents; (5) experience and skills ofremaining Chinese workers. With all these five factors combined, AISC dramatically recovered its facility, and restored its prewar level in a few years. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 167 |
| 終了ページ | 183 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129973 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41559 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_345_351.pdf |
| 著者 | Fujimoto, Takao| |
| 抄録 | This note is a sequel to the previous one published in this journal (Vol. 30, No.1). In that article, we used one of mean value theorems to prove the univalence of a nonlinear mapping based on the qualitative regularity ofthe Jacobian matrix. The qualitative regularity is a property of a matrix whose regularity is shown to be valid by using only the sign patterns of mappings involved. In this note, we extend the result into a vector space over an integral domain. The vectors themselves are of n-tuples of elements in the integral domain. This integral domain is totally ordered, and some natural properties are assumed concerning this order. First two lennnata are given, and the first one is in fact a sort of mean value theorem for mappings from a direct product of discrete spaces into a discrete space, and utilizes mathematical induction. The second lemma depends on the fact that theory of matrices and determinants can be constructed also on a ring except for inverse matrix. Finally, our main proposition derives from the very integrity of a given domain. Another merit of the result is that the domain of a mapping need not be convex, and can be even a set oflattice points. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 345 |
| 終了ページ | 351 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120002696039 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41550 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | 'We Will Construct Our Assembly Line' ( I ) : the Case of the Tahara No.1 Plant of Toyota |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_125_162.pdf |
| 著者 | 清水 耕一| |
| 抄録 | Since the Beginning of 1990 s, Toyota has been pursuing a new direction in its human resource management and assembly work. After encountering a labor crisis-labor shortage and high turn over of young workers-during the economic boom provoked by the "financial bubble" toward the end of 1980 s, Toyota's management and Union discussed ways of making the work more attractive. Based on this discussion, the production eugineering division developed a new kssembly line concept realized firstly at Toyota Kyushu plant (1992), applied also to Toyota's Motomachi No.2 plant (1994), Tahara No.1 plant (1995) and Motomachi No.1 plant (1996). Among these plants, the construcion of the assembly line at Tahara No. 1 plant constitutes a unique case in the fact that it was not the production engineering division, but the foremen, supervisors and engineers belonging to the plant who conceived and constructed this new assembly line. Moreover, in order to realize what they considered as their ideal assembly line, they proposed to the product development center an important change of car structure and parts design from the very beginning of product development where the so called "concurrent engineering" has started. The first part of this paper explains, and thus why and how they conceived and constructed their own assembly line after presenting this assembly line concept and work orgnaization in this plant. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 125 |
| 終了ページ | 162 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129951 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41545 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Structural Changes of Industry and Employment in Japan |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_3_001_023.pdf |
| 著者 | 橋本 介三| |
| 抄録 | The Japanese industry is in a huge whirlpool. Various common senses and conventions have been seriously doubted. Nevertheless, Japan cannot yet find any exit. Even if finding it, she has spent only a time in vain without doing any effectives measure, because most of those are conflict with vested interests or conventional practices. In this paper, I will make a positive analysis of changing industry in Japan after the babble boom crash in 1991 by using Firms and Establishments Census Data and others. Then, I will make it clear that the cause of failure to buoy up her economy consists in a fact that shortage of investment opportunities in her economy has been misunderstood simply as shortage of macro effective demand. Then, comparing the structural adjustment in the first half of the 1990s with one in the second half of the 1970s, I will clarify that the most serious weak point of Japanese-styled management, which has virtually excluded rights of shareholders from their decisions, have got revealed as her economy matures. I will also say that improvement of profitability by making employment fluid is not only effective as a counter-policy to the prolonged structural depression in the open economy but also inescapable in the "affiuent" economy driven by the service industry. Lastly, in place of a conclusion, I will remind a brief summary and lessons of the US and the UK policy experiences after the 1970s. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-03-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 1 |
| 終了ページ | 23 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129946 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41531 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | The Rise of Share Prices in the Early Stage of Bubble Formation : 1983-85 |
| フルテキストURL | oer_030_1_063_082.pdf |
| 著者 | 一ノ瀬 篤| |
| 抄録 | Though a common view holds that bubbles bagan their formation from 1986, we cannot easily agree. Share prices, at least, began to contain bubbles from 1984. Though share prices during 1983-85 stayed within changes of so-called fundamentals, current profit of companies, which is one of the two fundamentals, contained profit from that very rise of share prices. Explaining bubbles through the concept of "fundamentals" will inevitably go around in circles. We should rather pay attention to the fact that at the end of 1984, the ratio of the total sum of shares to GNP, listed on all the stock exchanges, valued at current market prices, amounted to 56.1% which is an unprecedented high figure. The bubbles in share prices owed greatly to the positive absorption of overseas short-term fund by foreign exchange banks from 1984. They took advantage of the abolition, in 1984, of so-called yen-ten regulation, which had long restricted, to a degree, the banks' conversion of dollars, taken in from overseas financial centers, into yen. After the abolition some parts of the converted money were vigorously invested into domestic stock market. Greater part of the money taken in was appropriated to their own external investment, and the rest to security investment, particularly in shares. Consequently, share prices were raised. It is not that big banks were excluded from financing to big firms but that they remained doing so, transforming themselves into by far the biggest undertaker of so-called equity finance. The above mechanism evolves extensively throughout the stages offull-scale bubbles. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1998-06-10 |
| 巻 | 30巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 開始ページ | 63 |
| 終了ページ | 82 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129920 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41522 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | oer_031_4_285_302.pdf |
| 著者 | Haruna, Shoji| |
| 抄録 | This paper shows that the discussion of Lambertini and Rossini (1998) as to the strategic investment levels oflabour-managed firms in a labour-managed (LM) duopoly is misleading. This is due to the fact that there is no duality between the conditions for maximisation and minimisation, and what is worse, an equilibrium needed for comparison is interior when the investment behaviour of the firms is discussed along the conventional method. We reconsider whether they overinvest or underinvest in R&D, employing a more general model with R&D spillovers. It is demonstrated that results obtained in the LM duopoly are similar to those in a conventional duopoly of profit-maximising firms. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 2000-03-10 |
| 巻 | 31巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 285 |
| 終了ページ | 302 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130035 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41510 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the Stratification of Urban Residents and the Socio-Economic Position of the Commercial and Industrial Traders in Sakata, Yamagata Prefecture, in the Later Meiji Era |
| フルテキストURL | oer_031_4_001_026.pdf |
| 著者 | 葛西 大和| |
| 抄録 | Taking all things into consideration as to the materials of occupation, tax, income and holdings of the tenant land, it is possible to perceive several strata of society in Sakata. Namely, the most upper stratum consists of a few who earn very large income from the tenant land and interests. The second stratum consists of many commercial and industrial traders and others who earn income from the tenant land is often larger than trade. The third stratum consists of a large number of traders and others who their mean derives more or less from income of the tenant land. The next stratum consists of a great number oftraders in very small business and others. The lowest stratum consists of a great many residents with no sure means ofliving, and forms the base ofthe stratified and pyramidal organization. In the later Meiji Era, Sakata was already not a city which was simply composed ofthe income of trades, but the city that depends chiefly on enormous wealth from the tenant land and interests. Sakata turned from a commercial city to a so-called parastic city. This was the important point that could recover from the destructive earthquake of 1894, and could fend off severe blows on the transit business of Sakata owing to the construction of railroad from 1899. The nature of parastic moneymaking, the higher of strata he is, the more he depends, took simultaneously upon itself the responsibility to check the development of Sakata. The nature of Sakata as a city is focused on the fact that the accumulated vast capital doesn't apply toward the industrial capital and the social capital. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 2000-03-10 |
| 巻 | 31巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 1 |
| 終了ページ | 26 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130018 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41503 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Nonlinear Generalizations of Tucker's Theorem on Inequality Systems |
| フルテキストURL | oer_031_3_163_171.pdf |
| 著者 | 藤本 喬雄| 石山 健一| |
| 抄録 | This note is to prove Tucker's theorem on linear inequalities based on the proof method of minimax theorems which uses Kakutani's fixed point theorem. One device is necessary to convert the minimax theorems to Tucker's formulation. This is a slight restriction on the image sets when creating a set-valued map. We also present nonlinear generalizations of Tucker's theorem employing the same method. All we need is that the set of variable values for which an objective function attains its maximum is convex. This objective function is a convex combination of functions. We also present a proof of the fact that a local characterization of inequality systems, when a given mapping is differentiable, can be made global provided the mapping is concave. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-12-10 |
| 巻 | 31巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 163 |
| 終了ページ | 171 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120002695983 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41497 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | oer_031_3_001_033.pdf |
| 著者 | 一ノ瀬 篤| |
| 抄録 | There will be no great opposition, among Japanese people, to the assertion that the problem of non-performing debt was the most important inducement to the present serious depression in Japan. The non-performing debt problem was brought about by the huge swell of the bubble in the later 1980's and its collapse after entering 1990's. As for the causes ofthe bubble formation several useful books were published rather intensively during 1992-93. But in February 1994, Mr. Mieno, the then Governor of the Bank of Japan, stated at a lecturing speech that the causes of the bubble had not been clarified yet. He enumerated some problems to be solved, for example why bubbles took place almost simultaneously over the world, and why such tremendous rise of asset prices occurred. Basically this reflection seems to be right. Relevant researches, which were published mostly during 1992-1993, if we dare to simplify, pointed out two factors as the important causes of the bubble: various financial de-regulations and long-lasted cheap money policy which was closely concerned with the so-called "international cooperation of economic policy" in 1986-87. This paper is not against these arguments at all. However it calls attentions to the fact that preceding researches have overlooked an important problem to be solved: that is to say, the problem of the correlation between the rapid appreciation of yen and the soaring up of asset prices. The paper tries to analyze the simultaneous development of yen appreciation and asset inflation. Consequently it points out that the key factor was the massive inflow of foreign short-term capital. In other words, banks took in huge short-term money from abroad and lent it to firms as impact loan, which is presumably a peculiar Japanese financial instrument. Firms converted borrowed dollar into yen and invested it in asset markets. In the case of stocks, Tokkin & Fan-tora, deposited with trust banks, played an important role as the intermediary. Thus the prices of assets rose steeply. The banks' huge taking-in of foreign short-term money resulted in a strong selling pressure on US dollar in the exchange market. Thus the dollar fell and the yen rose. A pioneering work along this line is S. Nakao (1991). Unfortunately he confines his interest to the relation between the activities of banks and the appreciation of yen, putting the codevelopment of yen appreciation and the asset inflation out of his argument. In addition, preceding researches, which stress the financial deregulations as the most important cause of the bubble, tend only to enumerate various de-regulations. And they seem to have been unsuccessful in clarifying what part of the deregulations was crucial. This paper deems the abolitions of regulations on impact loan and on yenten as crucial. It was these de-regulations that played by far the most important roles in the formation ofthe bubble. Finally, the reader will see some concluding remarks at the end of the paper. The main concern of the paper lies, however, in the field of fact verification. What to learn or derive from verified facts belongs rather to a role of politicians and high officials. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1999-12-10 |
| 巻 | 31巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 1 |
| 終了ページ | 33 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120002695977 |
| 著者 | 額田 要| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-11-30 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 12-2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 著者 | 西井 笑美子| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-11-20 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 12-1号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 著者 | 森 正守| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-11-20 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 12-1号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 著者 | 有地 澄郎| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-09-30 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 10-2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 著者 | 林 本仁| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-09-30 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 10-2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 著者 | 金政 泰弘| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-09-30 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 10-2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 著者 | 金政 泰弘| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-09-30 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 10-2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 著者 | 和泉 正昭| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-09-20 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 10-1号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 著者 | 松井 儇行| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-09-10 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 9-2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 著者 | 松井 儇行| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-09-10 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 9-2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 著者 | 秦泉寺 圭| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 1959-09-10 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| 巻 | 71巻 |
| 号 | 9-2号 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |