国際理解と学校音楽教育―「郷土のこもりうた」から「世界のこもりうた」へ―

本研究は、学校教育の今日的課題の一つである国際理解を取り上げ、学校音楽教育が国際理解にどのように貢献しうるのかを検討するものである。音・歌・音楽は、グローバル教育の視点から捉えられることが必要であると考える。そのためには音楽を文化として体験し、生活における音楽の持つ意味を理解することが必要である。学習パラダイムとして、自文化の音楽を理解し、その上で異文化である諸民族の音楽を体験・理解するという段階が考えられる。そこで本研究では、①音楽科における国際理解についての認識と、これまでの教育実践について検討を行い、そこにみられる問題を指摘し、②世界のどの民族にも存在する「こもりうた」を取り上げ、文化的・音楽的特徴を明らかにした上で、それを適用した具体的な学習方法を提示した。

The purpose of this study is to examine how school music can contribute to the issue of international understandings, which is, as it has been widely recognized, one of the most crucial topics in school education. In this discussion here, the focus falls upon the significance of students' comprehension of the so-called world musics, considering, recent studies of global education. Attention is paid especially upon the importance of obtaining global understanding of music within a global context, so that school children might conceiv the depth of learning music in their daily lives. Firstly, we have generally illustrated international understandings in the field of school music teaching in the attempt to point out several problems which, we believe, should be reconsidered to improve the present situations of school music practices. Secondly, we have considered, through a case-study, some examples of lullabies in order to emphasize the signifcance of music studies for global education. For the consideration the analyses are made to discuss the matter of difference in the point of music elements to comprehend several different cultural backgounds as for the genre of a lullaby, intending, at the same time, to show a clear relationship between music, words, and, sleeping-styles, etc.. In conclusion, it is suggested we should introduce a new idea of a 'two-step learning', that is, to stimulate children to understand music of mother-culture at the first step, and then, as the second step, to lead them into the further development of their understanding, comprehensions, appreciations of music through music experiences.