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In the present study, we investigated the acute effects of 2 different kinds of stress, namely physical stress (foot shock) and psychological stress (non-foot shock) induced by the communication box method, on the sleep patterns of rats. The sleep patterns were recorded for 6 h immediately after 1 h of stress. Physical and psychological stress had almost opposite effects on the sleep patterns: In the physical stress group, hourly total rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and total non-REM sleep were significantly inhibited, whereas psychological stress enhanced hourly total REM sleep but not total non-REM sleep. Further results showed that total REM sleep, total non-REM sleep, total sleep and the total number of REM sleep episodes in 5 h were reduced, and that sleep latency was prolonged compared to the control group. On the other hand, in the psychological stress group, the total REM sleep in 5 h was increased significantly due to the prolongation of the average duration of REM sleep episodes and reduced REM sleep latency. In addition, the plasma of corticosterone increased significantly after physical stress but not after psychological stress. These results suggested that the sleep patterns, particularly the patterns of REM sleep following physical and psychological stress, are probably regulated by 2 different pathways.

1. Both EACA and AMCHA clearly showed an anti-inflammatory effect, by intravenous, intramuscular, or oral route, against inflammatory edema produced in rats by intracutaneous injection of rabbit's anti-rat serum, carrageenin, histamine, serotonin, or bradykinin, as tested by the punch method. 2. The two compounds also showed inhibitory action against the cotton pellet granuloma when used in a larger dose. 3. There was virtually no difference between the two compounds in their anti-inflammatory activity, in spite of the fact that antiplasmin activity of AMCHA is evidently greater than that of EACA. In addition, there was no increase in fibrinolysis at the site of antiserum inflammation in rats. Therefore, it would be difficult to presume that the anti-inflammatory action of these compounds is due to their antiplasmin activity. 4. Salicylates, pyrazolidine derivatives, and non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents like flufenamic acid inhibited degranulation of isolated rat mast cells induced by compound 48/80 and also inhibited ATP-32Pi exchange reaction in rat liver mitochondria, but such actions were not observed in EACA or AMCHA. 5. Anti-inflammatory effect of EACA and AMCHA did not decrease after adrenalectomy but did become weak in hypophysectomized rats. EACA did not increase blood sugar level in normal rats so that its antiinflammatory action is not due to hyperglycemia, and the effect of hypophysectomy may not be correlated to carbohydrate metabolism. 6. Anti- inflammatory effect of EACA and AMCHA appeared more rapidly after intramuscular or oral administration than by intravenous injection but the effect was not fortified after their in vitro incubation with tissues of stomach, intestine, or liver.

In order to ascertain whether black-crowned night herons (BCNH), white heron (Plumed Egrets (PE)) and domestic fowls are infected by JE virus and they serve as infection source ofJE, hemoagglutination inhibiting antibody and its 2·ME sensitive antibody in the sera of these birds were determined. Physico-chemical nature of fowl's antibody of JE produced by natural infection and their maternal antibody in the sera of chicks were examined. The results are briefly summarized as follows. 1) As to the herons captured in Tsudaka Town, two out of six adult night herons and three out of the four chicks showed positive HI reaction. On the other hand, HI reaction in the sera of two adult white herons and three chicks were negative. 2) As to the herons captured in Okayama City, twenty out of thirtytwo adult night herons and seven out of seventy white herons showed positive HI reaction in 1966 around the time when JE was prevalent in Okayama Prefecture. And six out of eleven night herons and one out of seven white herons showing positive HI reaction, responded positively to 2-ME sensitivity test. 3) The results indicate that white herons can be also infection source ofJE though less than in the case of night herons. 4) In the domestic fowls (white leghorn) kept at Takahashi District, eight out of twenty-seven fowls showed positive HI reaction. And six out of seven domestic fowls showing positive HI reaction responded positively to 2-ME sensitive reaction. 5) Transformation of JE antibody in the serum of hen from IgM to IgG was recognized. 6) Domestic chicken's sera having 1 : 640 of HI titer in the original serum and 1 : 320 of HI titer after 2-ME treatment were fractionated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 and the antibody activities present in the various fractions were determined. HI antibody activities occurred in both IgM and IgG classes of immunoglobulins. 7) Maternal HI antibodies reacting with JE virus were found in newly hatched domestic chickens from the eggs laid by hens with natural infection ofJE. And half life of HI antibodies in chicks was four days. 8) HI antibodies of JE in the serum of maternal immune-hens and chicken having maternal antibody were located in r-globulin fraction by starch block electrophoresis. 9) The results from 4) to 8) indicate the presence of natural infection ofJE in the domestic fowls. And domestic fowls can be infection source ofJE.

Summing up the above problems we may group them as follows: 1) Szirmai's angio-myograph and myotonometer furnish us with means to evaluate the author's successful method or medical treatment in thrombophlebitic, postthromboembolic (ulcer, etc···) states on the basis of the blood circulation through the muscles, clearly registered by the angio-myograph. 2) Szirmai's medical preparation "HAH" serves as a quick and effective cure for thrombophlebitis. Results are very often reached within a few days. The patient's health is restored so as to make him able to work. 3) The above preparation assures full success in the cure of thrombotic esp. thromboembolic states of the lower limbs-cases of ulcus cruris includedwhich up to now could not be favourably influenced by any other method of treatment. Description of varieties of above problems and other types of cases of peripheral circulation (Endangitis, etc.) and their relationships with the subject will be given in additional papers. The author reports on registering and controlling thrombophlebitis, postthromboembolic states, including ulcus cruris, origin~ting either in above morbid conditions or in independent causes by means of the angio-myograph and myotonometer devised by the author. The reader is made familiar with the author's (Szirmai's) preparation "HAH" (Heacrin) and with the results achieved by applying it for the cure of acute thrombophlebitis and thrombotic states. Results are often showing up remarkably soon (2 to 6 days).

For the purpose to clarify whether minimal catalatic activity exists in Japanese acatalasemic cells or not and the manner how extrinsic hydrogen peroxide affects the acatalasemic cells, the author performed tissue cultures using the skin specimens from four acatalasemic persons affected with Takahara's disease and studied the nature of these cultured cells. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Between normal and acatalasemic cultured cells, no morphological differences could be seen and the growth rate of these cell-lines was similar to one another. 2. On the activity of succinoxidase and cytochrome oxidase there could be observed no difference between normal and acatalasemic cells. 3. In each acatalasemic cell line the minimal catalatic activity was observed and it seemed that this activity has an important role in decomposing hydrogen peroxide under normal metabolic pathway. 4. After treating with 10-4M hydrogen peroxide, respiratory enzyme activities and the growth rate in the acatalasemic cells were markedly disturbed, while in normal cells these remained almost intact. 5. There could be observed no differences between normal and acatalasemic cultured cells after X-ray irradiation (200 to 600 r) on the succinoxidase activity, catalatic activity and growth rate.