result 2069 件
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41548 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Progressive Taxation and Income Inequality: The Intermediate View of Inequality |
| FullText URL | oer_030_3_091_105.pdf |
| Author | Yoshida, Tateo| |
| Abstract | It is known that the post-tax income is more equally distributed than pre-tax income according to any μ-invariant inequality index satisfying Dalton's principle of transfers, if, and only if, a tax function is progressive for μ-inequality (Pfingsten [8]). This paper provides a rigorous formulation of the equivalence, both in strong and weak form. We show that any non-equally distributed pre-tax income distribution is dominated by the resulting post-tax income distribution in the sense of the μ - Lorenz criterion if, and only if, a tax function satisfies both (a)incentive preserving taxation and (b)progressive taxation for μ-inequality. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 91 |
| End Page | 105 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129949 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41511 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Development of the Middle-Scale Landlord Management in Modern Japan - A Case Study ofTakato Family in Okayama Prefecture - |
| FullText URL | oer_031_4_027_056.pdf |
| Author | Morimoto, Tatsuaki| |
| Abstract | In this paper, the author attempts to clarify the development of middle-scale landlords in modern Japan, taking the Takato family as a case study. The Takato's accumulation ofland proceeded from the 1880s to 1890s and they were in possession of 20 cho in the 1890s. The main_ sources of Takato's income were farm rents, and interest loans on the security of Somen Noodles. In the 1890s, new industries developed in Japan. Takato had invested their surplus funds in stocks and gained dividends. Ikuzo Takato established Kamogata-Warehouse Bank with some middle-scale landlords in July 2, 1896 and had selected head of this bank. Then he borrowed money from the bank to invest in stocks. By the effective management, his profits increased. So, the investment in stocks soon exceeded the investment in land. Therefore, the income from dividends increased gradually in the early 1900s. Takato was elected as a member of the prefectural assembly from 1899 to 1911, and took the chair from 1907 to 1909. Further, he was a member of the House of Representatives from 1917 to 1920. During this period he had been to Korea as part of an inspection party. As a result of this experience, upon his return to Okayama, he and the other member formed a group to purchase land in Korea. Takato had continued to purchase land in Malaya and New York. The Takato family succeeded in accumulating property through such diversified management. Other middle-scale landlords failed in their business, and disposed of their land. It can be summarized as follows: many middle-scale landlords attempted to make different styles of diversified management of land, stocks, bank and other enterprises during the time of the Japanese Industrial Revolution. Consequently, some succeeded whereas others failed. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2000-03-10 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 27 |
| End Page | 56 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130019 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41510 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | On the Stratification of Urban Residents and the Socio-Economic Position of the Commercial and Industrial Traders in Sakata, Yamagata Prefecture, in the Later Meiji Era |
| FullText URL | oer_031_4_001_026.pdf |
| Author | Kasai, Yamato| |
| Abstract | Taking all things into consideration as to the materials of occupation, tax, income and holdings of the tenant land, it is possible to perceive several strata of society in Sakata. Namely, the most upper stratum consists of a few who earn very large income from the tenant land and interests. The second stratum consists of many commercial and industrial traders and others who earn income from the tenant land is often larger than trade. The third stratum consists of a large number of traders and others who their mean derives more or less from income of the tenant land. The next stratum consists of a great number oftraders in very small business and others. The lowest stratum consists of a great many residents with no sure means ofliving, and forms the base ofthe stratified and pyramidal organization. In the later Meiji Era, Sakata was already not a city which was simply composed ofthe income of trades, but the city that depends chiefly on enormous wealth from the tenant land and interests. Sakata turned from a commercial city to a so-called parastic city. This was the important point that could recover from the destructive earthquake of 1894, and could fend off severe blows on the transit business of Sakata owing to the construction of railroad from 1899. The nature of parastic moneymaking, the higher of strata he is, the more he depends, took simultaneously upon itself the responsibility to check the development of Sakata. The nature of Sakata as a city is focused on the fact that the accumulated vast capital doesn't apply toward the industrial capital and the social capital. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2000-03-10 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 26 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130018 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41498 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | An Evaluation for Tenant Benefits in Public Housing: A Case of Okayama City |
| FullText URL | oer_031_3_035_064.pdf |
| Author | Nakamura, Ryohei| Morita, Manabu| |
| Abstract | In this paper we estimate the tenant benefits in public rental housing supplied by local government on the basis of the data for private housing as well as public housing. In the estimation we specify a Cobb-Douglas utility function defined by housing attributes and other goods, and present a new estimation form of Hicks equivalent variation taking into account implicit marginal prices of public housing. Our work recognizes that the unit cost of housing is different between private and public housings, which is not identified by previous studies. The proposed procedure in this paper requires the estimation of implicit marginal prices of public housing attributes and private housing attributes. We further analyze the relationship between benefits of public housing and subsidy for rent, defined as the difference between the market value of public housing and rent of public housing, and examine the distribution ofthe benefits by household characteristics. This study finds that the calculated benefits from the public housing were 10.0 percent of monthly income, and evidence that benefits are related to income. Our results provide the effectiveness of public rental housing for the lower income households. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-12-10 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 35 |
| End Page | 64 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002695978 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41475 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Estate Management and Administration of the Family Estate in the Victorian Prosperous Period; the Case of the 7th Duke of Devonshire |
| FullText URL | oer_032_4_031_064.pdf |
| Author | Achira, Takao| |
| Abstract | The Duke of Devonshire was a traditional landed aristocrat, who owned, according to the 'New Doomsday Book' of 1873, the seventh largest land, out of which he gained the second largest gross rental in the English landed aristocracy. He formed its central core. William Cavendish (1808-1884), who inherited the Dukedom in 1858, has been taken as a classic Mid-Victorian improving landlord. His entrepreneurship mainly covered the industrialisation and urbanisation of Barrow-in-Furness. In 1846 he constructed the Furness Railway as a means of developing his own iron mines, in the 1860's created the Barrow Haematite Steel Co. Ltd. and in the early 1870's a group of firms, which were related to the export of the steel rail. The firms respectively worked as elements which composed the productive forces for the use of landnature, and as a whole they created a regional structure of productive forces for the use of natural resources. The Cavendishes completely grasped these firms, at first as 'a proprietary railway', next as a 'Furness Railway-Cavendish organism', and lastly as the 'Furness Railway's Industrial Empire'. It was made possible owing to the prosperity of England as World Factory that the landowner transformed his own wealth into the capital on a large scale, led by the interest of his estate management. This was the process of forming a 'Capital-Landownership Complex' proper to Modern England, in which on one hand the landowner partly came to base on the capital, and on the other hand English Capitalism mobilized the wealth ofthe landowner to the capital. The aim of this paper is to study the Duke of Devonshire's finance which supported the aggressive estate management. It brings light on the followings; 1. the 6th Duke's Finance in the 1850's, through the close study of the Chief Agent's General Statements of Income and Expenditure, 2. the state of the Duke Family's finance on the 7th Duke's succession to the Dukedom, through the careful examination of his the letters and diary, 3. his estate management and its finance between 1858 and 1884, through the analysis ofthe summary statement. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2001-03-10 |
| Volume | volume32 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 31 |
| End Page | 64 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130070 |
| Author | Kitayama, Hidetaka| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2011-01 |
| Publication Title | Mathematical Journal of Okayama University |
| Volume | volume53 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/mjou/41403 |
| Author | Lee, Min Ho| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2011-01 |
| Publication Title | Mathematical Journal of Okayama University |
| Volume | volume53 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/mjou/41397 |
| Author | Nagoshi, Kazuma| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-11-30 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue12-2 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Yamabuki, Takahiro| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-11-30 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue12-2 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Sugata, Yoshiki| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-11-30 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue12-2 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Ishimitsu, Tetsusaburo| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-10-30 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue11-2 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Oka, Tetsuo| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-10-30 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue11-2 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Takeuchi, Ryo| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-10-30 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue11-2 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Nagahata, Shunro| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-10-20 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue11-1 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Maekawa, Seigen| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-10-20 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue11-1 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Segoshi, Hiroshi| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-10-20 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue11-1 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Kitakawa, Sumiro| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-09-30 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue10-2 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Arichi, Sumiro| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-09-30 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue10-2 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Arichi, Sumiro| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-09-30 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue10-2 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Matsuura, Sadaaki| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1959-09-30 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue10-2 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
