Cambridge University Press (CUP)Acta Medica Okayama1460-3969252026Effects of sagging correction calibration error on radiation therapy equipment using image analysise5ENYasushiFujiiDepartment of Radiology, Chugoku Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School TeachersTakahiroNakayamaDepartment of Radiology, Chugoku Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School TeachersJunkiOshitaDepartment of Radiology, Chugoku Central Hospital of the Mutual Aid Association of Public School TeachersAyakaTsunodaDepartment of Radiology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityYusukeSaekiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School HospitalYoshinoriTanabe Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityPurpose: This study investigates the effect of sagging correction errors on image quality and geometric coordinate accuracy.<br>
Methods: This study utilised the Elekta radiotherapy system, ball bearing (BB), Catphan phantom and MultiMet-WL phantom. Ten distinct flex maps (FMs) were acquired by positioning the BB at the accuracy isocentre and introducing shifts of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mm in the left, table and up directions, respectively. Cone-beam computed tomography images of the Catphan phantom were acquired using 10 FMs. The images were analysed for modulation transfer function (MTF) values and geometric coordinates. Additionally, the Winston–Lutz (W-L) test was conducted under reference couch positions and with a 0.3 mm couch shift.<br>
Results: For the Catphan phantom analysis, the standard deviations of MTF10% across FMs were 0.19. The centre-of-gravity coordinates of the insert exhibited shifts of approximately 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mm when comparing reference images to those acquired with the shifted FMs. The results of the W-L test with a 0.3 mm couch shift showed radiation isocentre deviations exceeding 1 mm compared to the reference couch positions.<br>
Conclusions: Minor sagging correction calibration errors did not remarkably impact image quality; however, they altered the geometric coordinates of the image isocentre. These calibration errors decreased the accuracy of off-isocentre positioning.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japan Radioisotope AssociationActa Medica Okayama0033-83037512026自然起源放射性物質（NORM）を用いた232Th/212Pbジェネレーターによる短寿命放射性核種の作製—非密封放射性同位元素の安全取扱実習への応用—1319ENYuiImadaAdvanced Science Research Center, Okayama UniversityMidoriIsobeAdvanced Science Research Center, Okayama UniversityHiroakiTeratoAdvanced Science Research Center, Okayama UniversityTadashiHanafusaAdvanced Science Research Center, Okayama University我々は自然起源放射性物質（NORM）を放射線源とする232Th/212Pbジェネレーターを作製した。ジェネレーターから室温で約500 Bqの高純度の212Pbをミルキングできた。これを用いて32Pを用いた非密封放射性同位元素の安全取扱実習を置き換えることができることを示した。ジェネレーターの作製の容易さ，ミルキング操作の簡便性，212Pb及びその子孫核種の放射性同位元素としての特性から，今回作製した232Th/212Pbジェネレーターは放射線教育に有効に活用できると結論した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.International Institute of Anticancer ResearchActa Medica Okayama0250-70054612025P53-Armed Oncolytic Virotherapy Promotes the Efficacy of PD1 Blockade in Murine Osteosarcoma Tumors6984ENMIHOKUREDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHIROSHITAZAWADepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKOJIDEMIYADepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHIROYAKONDODepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYUSUKEMOCHIZUKIDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTADASHIKOMATSUBARADepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAKIYOSHIDADepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKOJIUOTANIDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJOEHASEIDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTOMOHIROFUJIWARADepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTOSHIYUKIKUNISADADepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYASUOURATADepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSHUNSUKEKAGAWADepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTOSHIFUMIOZAKIDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTOSHIYOSHIFUJIWARADepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesBackground/Aim: Osteosarcoma (OS) is refractory to immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD1)/PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) due to poor immune response. We previously developed telomerase-specific, replication-competent oncolytic adenoviruses non-armed OBP-301 and P53-armed OBP-702 that exert antitumor efficacy against human OS cells. Recently, we demonstrated that P53-armed OBP-702 induces more profound immunogenic cell death and antitumor immune response against human and murine OS cells than does non-armed OBP-301. In the present study, we assessed the combined efficacy of PD1 blockade and P53-armed OBP-702 against murine OS cells.<br>
Materials and Methods: Three murine OS cell lines (K7M2, NHOS, NHOS-LM4) were used to assess the cytopathic effect of non-armed OBP-301 and P53-armed OBP-702 by XTT assay. Virus-induced immunogenic cell death was assessed by analyzing the levels of extracellular adenosine triphosphate and high-mobility group box protein B1. The expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 was analyzed by flow cytometry. The malignant potential of NHOS-LM4 cells was analyzed by a migration and invasion assay. An orthotopic NHOS-LM4 tumor model was used to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of combination therapy with P53-armed OBP-702 and anti-PD1.<br>
Results: P53-armed OBP-702 exhibited antitumor potential for the induction of immunogenic cell death, apoptosis, autophagy, and PD-L1/2 upregulation in K7M2 and NHOS cells. NHOS-LM4 cells showed increased migratory and invasive ability compared to NHOS cells. P53-armed OBP-702 significantly suppressed the malignant potential of NHOS-LM4 cells. Combination dosing showed that P53-armed OBP-702 significantly promoted the antitumor effect of PD1 blockade against NHOS-LM4 tumors.<br>
Conclusion: Our results suggest that P53-armed OBP-702 is a promising agent for improving the antitumor effect of PD1 blockade in treating invasive OS.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japanese Society of Radiological TechnologyActa Medica Okayama0369-43058222026放射線治療装置の回転座標系誤差が軸外targetの照射精度に及ぼす影響とTG142のトレランスの評価26-1566ENTakahiroNakayamaDepartment of Radiology, Public Mutual Aid Association Chugoku Central HospitalYoshinoriTanabeDepartment of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityYasushiFujiiDepartment of Radiology, Public Mutual Aid Association Chugoku Central Hospital【目的】放射線治療装置の回転座標系の誤差が軸外targetの照射精度に及ぼす影響を定量的に評価し，TG142における回転座標系誤差（±1.0°）のトレランスの妥当性を検討する．【方法】Elekta社製放射線治療装置（Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden）とMultiMet-WL QAファントム（Sun Nuclear, Melbourne, FL, USA）を用いて，6個のtargetに対してoff isocenterのWinston–Lutz test（WL test）を実施した．Baselineの測定に加え，意図的にcollimator，gantry，couchに+0.5°, +1.0°回転誤差を加えた6条件で測定を行い，照射野中心とtarget中心のベクトル距離（S値）および各方向（gantry-target: GT, left-right: LR, anterior-posterior: AP）の位置ずれを解析した．【結果】Isocenterからの距離が大きいtargetほど位置ずれが顕著であった．特にcollimator回転誤差の影響が最も大きく，isocenterから7 cm離れたtargetでは0.5°の回転誤差でもS値が最大1.24 mmに達した．次に影響が大きかったのはcouch回転であり，gantry回転はtargetの配置が回転軸に近いものが多く相対的に影響が少なかった．回転座標系の誤差は幾何学的誤差の影響が強く，位置ずれに方向依存性があった．【結語】Collimatorやcouchの影響が大きく，0.5°の誤差でも1 mm以上の位置ずれが生じることがあった．Gantryの影響はtargetの配置依存があり，相対的に小さかった．軸外targetの照射において，TG142の±1.0°のトレランスは放射線治療装置の種類にかかわらず最低限遵守するべき基準であり，targetの配置次第では臨床的に十分なマージンを保証できない可能性が示された．Target配置に応じたより厳格な基準と定期的quality assurance（QA）の重要性が示唆された．No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2662-47292025Evaluation of the small-field output factor in eclipse modeling methods using representative beam and measured data with averaged ionization chamber and diode detector measurementsENKunioNishiokaDepartment of Radiology, Tokuyama Central HospitalYukiKuniiDepartment of Radiology, Tokuyama Central HospitalYoshinoriTanabeDepartment of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityYuichiSakamotoDepartment of Radiology, Tokuyama Central HospitalAkiraNakamotoDepartment of Radiology, Tokuyama Central HospitalShotaroTakahashiDepartment of Radiology, Tokuyama Central HospitalBeam modeling for radiotherapy treatment planning systems (RTPS) can be performed using representative beam data (RBD) or direct measurements. However, RBD typically excludes output factor (OPF) measurements for fields smaller than 3 × 3 cm2. The Eclipse treatment planning system addresses this limitation by incorporating measured OPF data for fields as small as 1 × 1 cm2. Although existing studies have primarily examined the accuracy of small-field OPFs for plastic scintillator detectors, studies directly comparing the OPF values obtained through RBD modeling with and without OPF measurements for small field sizes are limited. Therefore, this study proposes a novel measurement approach using data averaged from an ion chamber and diode detector for small-field dosimetry to provide critical insights into the integration of OPFs for these small field sizes in RBD-based beam modeling. We systematically evaluated the impact of small-field OPF measurements on beam modeling accuracy by comparing three distinct approaches: (1) RBD-based modeling without small-field OPF data, (2) RBD-based modeling incorporating measured small-field OPF data, and (3) modeling based solely on measured data, with and without the inclusion of 1 × 1 cm2 field sizes. In addition, we compared OPF values obtained from a W2 plastic scintillator detector with the averaged OPF values from a PinPoint 3D ion chamber and EDGE diode detector across multiple beam energies and flattening filter-free (FFF) configurations. Our analysis included field sizes ranging from 1 × 1 cm2 to 40 × 40 cm2. The results demonstrated that for square fields, OPF calculation differences between RBD modeling with and without measured data were < 1.5%, < 4.5%, and < 4.5% at 1 × 1 cm2, and < 0.5%, < 1.5%, and < 1.5% at 2 × 2 cm2, respectively. The RBD group exhibited a trend in which the OPF difference increased with the expansion of the irradiation field size. Notably, the most significant variations between modeling approaches occurred along the upper jaw expansion direction in rectangular fields. This suggests that a thorough evaluation is necessary for modeling results with an OPF ≤ 1 × 1 cm2. This study highlights the advantages and disadvantages of beam modeling using measured OPF and RBD, providing valuable insights for future facilities that rely solely on RBD for beam modeling.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2090-47625612025Evaluating a discretized data acquisition method for couch modeling to streamline the commissioning process of radiological instruments64ENSyoutaTomimotoDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityYusukeSaekiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School HospitalOkihiroMotodaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School HospitalMasatoTanakaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School HospitalSyoukiTsumotoDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityHanaNishikawaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityYukiMiyashimaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School HospitalMakikoHiguchiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School HospitalTadashiTaniDepartment of Radiological Technology, Kawasaki Medical School HospitalKuniakiKatsuiDepartment of Radiology, Kawasaki Medical SchoolYoshinoriTanabeDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityBackground The commissioning of radiotherapy treatment planning system (RTPS) involves many time-consuming tests to maintain consistency between actual and planned dose. As the number of new technologies and peripheral devices increases year by year, there is a need for time-efficient and accurate commissioning of radiation therapy equipment. Couch modeling is one type of commissioning, and there are no recommended values for CT due to differences in equipment calibration between facilities. This study evaluated the optimal electron density (ED) for the couch using discretized gantry angles.<br>
Results All discrete-angle groups showed a high correlation between the surface ED and dose difference between the actual and planned doses (|r|> 0.9). AcurosXB did not demonstrate a significant correlation between dose differences and each energy. For a small number of discretized gantry groups, the optimal couch modeling results revealed several combinations of surface and interior ED with the same score. Upon adding all couch thickness scores, all energy scores, and both algorithm scores, the optimal surface and interior EDs with the highest score across all couch thicknesses were 0.4 and 0.07, respectively.<br>
Conclusions The optimal couch surface ED dose difference trend was identified, and the effectiveness indicated using the dose difference score from discrete-angle couch modeling. Using this method, couch modeling can be evaluated in a highly precise and quick manner, which helps in the commissioning of complicated linear accelerator and radiological treatment plans.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2045-23221512025Autoantibody spark response predicts treatment outcome in patients receiving chemoradiation followed by durvalumab therapy27502ENTakeruMoriGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityMioKitagawaDepartment of Radiology, Sapporo Medical University School of MedicineTomokazuHasegawaDepartment of Radiology, Sapporo Medical University School of MedicineMasanoriSomeyaDepartment of Radiology, Sapporo Medical University School of MedicineTakaakiTsuchiyaDepartment of Radiology, Sapporo Medical University School of MedicineToshioGochoDepartment of Radiology, Sapporo Medical University School of MedicineTomokoHonjoGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityMireiDateGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityMarikoMoriiGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityAiMiyamotoGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityJunichiroFutamiGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityThe PACIFIC regimen, comprising chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by maintenance with the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) durvalumab, has become the standard of care for patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although ICI is used to prevent recurrence by targeting residual microtumors, biomarkers capable of monitoring immune activity during this phase remain lacking. Here, we evaluated whether temporal changes in serum autoantibody levels can predict treatment efficacy. This retrospective study included 20 patients with unresectable stage II or III NSCLC who received the PACIFIC regimen. Serum autoantibodies against 130 antigens were quantified before CRT, after CRT, and two weeks after the first ICI dose. The primary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS), and its association with autoantibody dynamics was examined. We observed an immediate and strong autoantibody response (spark response [SR]) after ICI initiation in patients with favorable treatment outcomes. Patients with SR and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression ≥ 50% showed better PFS (two-year PFS; 72.9% vs. 18.2%, p = 0.0021). These findings suggest that serial monitoring of serum autoantibodies can provide a noninvasive approach to assess immune activity and predict treatment outcomes in patients receiving CRT or ICI therapy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPI AGActa Medica Okayama1422-006726152025Acquired Radioresistance Through Adaptive Evolution with Gamma Radiation as Selection Pressure: Increased Expression and Induction of Anti-Stress Genes7275ENTakeshiSaitoDivision of Radiation Life Science, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto UniversityHiroakiTeratoDepartment of Radiation Research, Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama UniversityElucidating the mechanisms of radioresistance in highly radiotolerant organisms can provide valuable insights into the adaptation and evolution of organisms. However, research has been limited on many naturally occurring radioresistant organisms due to a lack of information regarding their genetic and biochemical characteristics and the difficulty of handling them experimentally. To address this, we conducted an experiment on adaptive evolution using gamma radiation as the selection pressure to generate evolved Escherichia coli with gamma radiation resistance approximately one order of magnitude greater than that of wild-type E. coli. Gene expressions in all wild-type and evolved radioresistant E. coli in the presence or absence of gamma irradiation were analyzed and compared using RNA sequencing. Under steady-state conditions, the genes involved in survival, cell recovery, DNA repair, and response following stress exposure were upregulated in evolved E. coli compared with those in wild-type E. coli. Furthermore, the evolved E. coli induced these genes more efficiently following gamma irradiation and greater DNA repair activity than that in the wild-type E. coli. Our results indicate that an increased steady-state expression of various anti-stress genes, including DNA repair-related genes, and their highly efficient induction under irradiation are responsible for the remarkable radioresistance of evolved E. coli.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2662-47292025Impact of differences in computed tomography value-electron density/physical density conversion tables on calculate dose in low-density areasENMiaNomuraFaculty of Health Sciences, Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama UniversityShunsukeGotoGraduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama UniversityMizukiYoshiokaFaculty of Health Sciences, Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama UniversityYuikoKatoFaculty of Health Sciences, Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama UniversityAyakaTsunodaFaculty of Health Sciences, Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama UniversityKunioNishiokaDepartment of Radiology, Tokuyama Central HospitalYoshinoriTanabeFaculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityIn radiotherapy treatment planning, the extrapolation of computed tomography (CT) values for low-density areas without known materials may differ between CT scanners, resulting in different calculated doses. We evaluated the differences in the percentage depth dose (PDD) calculated using eight CT scanners. Heterogeneous virtual phantoms were created using LN-300 lung and − 900 HU. For the two types of virtual phantoms, the PDD on the central axis was calculated using five energies, two irradiation field sizes, and two calculation algorithms (the anisotropic analytical algorithm and Acuros XB). For the LN-300 lung, the maximum CT value difference between the eight CT scanners was 51 HU for an electron density (ED) of 0.29 and 8.8 HU for an extrapolated ED of 0.05. The LN-300 lung CT values showed little variation in the CT-ED/physical density data among CT scanners. The difference in the point depth for the PDD in the LN-300 lung between the CT scanners was < 0.5% for all energies and calculation algorithms. Using Acuros XB, the PDD at − 900 HU had a maximum difference between facilities of > 5%, and the dose difference corresponding to an LN-300 lung CT value difference of > 20 HU was > 1% at a field size of 2 × 2 cm2. The study findings suggest that the calculated dose of low-density regions without known materials in the CT-ED conversion table introduces a risk of dose differences between facilities because of the calibration of the CT values, even when the same CT-ED phantom radiation treatment planning and treatment devices are used.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025肺腫瘍に対する定位放射線治療におけるターゲット設定の不確かさに関する研究ENDaikiNAKANISHIGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. Medknow PublicationsActa Medica Okayama0971-62035012025Investigating the Effects of Reconstruction Conditions on Image Quality and Radiomic Analysis in Photon-counting Computed Tomography100107ENMiyuOhataDepartment of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityRyoheiFukuiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityYusukeMorimitsuDivision of Radiological Technology, Okayama University HospitalDaichiKobayashiDivision of Radiological Technology, Okayama University HospitalTakatsuguYamauchiDivision of Radiological Technology, Okayama University HospitalNoriakiAkagiDivision of Radiological Technology, Okayama University HospitalMitsugiHondaDivision of Radiological Technology, Okayama University HospitalAikoHayashiDepartment of Radiology, Hiroshima University HospitalKoshiHasegawaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityKatsuhiroKidaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversitySachikoGotoDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakaoHirakiDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical, Okayama UniversityIntroduction:Photon-counting computed tomography (CT) is equipped with an adaptive iterative reconstruction method called quantum iterative reconstruction (QIR), which allows the intensity to be changed during image reconstruction. It is known that the reconstruction conditions of CT images affect the analysis results when performing radiomic analysis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of QIR intensity on image quality and radiomic analysis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).<br>
Materials and Methods:The QIR intensities were selected as off, 2 and 4. The image quality evaluation items considered were task-based transfer function (TTF), noise power spectrum (NPS), and low-contrast object specific contrast-to-noise ratio (CNRLO). The influence on radiomic analysis was assessed using the discrimination accuracy of clear cell RCC.<br>
Results:For image quality evaluation, TTF and NPS values were lower and CNRLO values were higher with increasing QIR intensity; for radiomic analysis, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were higher with increasing QIR intensity. Principal component analysis and receiver operating characteristics analysis also showed higher values with increasing QIR intensity.<br>
Conclusion:It was confirmed that the intensity of the QIR intensity affects both the image quality and the radiomic analysis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Medknow PublicationsActa Medica Okayama0971-62034942024Backside Irradiation of Ultraviolet-A for Correcting Nonuniformity Error of Gafchromic XR-QA2 Films563567ENNobuyoshiTankiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversitySachikoGotoDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityToshizoKatsudaDepartment of Medical Radiation Technology, Shizuoka College of Medicalcare ScienceRumiGotandaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical WelfareTatsuhiroGotandaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical WelfareTadaoKuwanoDepartment of Radiology, Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases PreventionPurpose: Radiochromic film is used for quality assurance and quality control of X-ray equipment in the diagnostic radiology. In addition, three-dimensional dose distribution of computed tomography (CT) is measured. To correct the nonuniformity and uncertainty of radiochromic films for dose measurement of CT, the films are preirradiated ultraviolet (UV)-A rays. There is a difference in the UV protection strength of radiochromic films. A concern exists about the effects of the UV-A irradiation intensity. We thus irradiated with UV-A rays from the backsides of the films to assess if backside irradiation was possible. Materials and Methods: Gafchromic XR-QA2 and RTQA2 were used in this study. The UV-A rays were simultaneously irradiated on the front and backsides of each film for 12 h. The yellow layer of each film was scanned and imaged. The average pixel values ± standard deviations (SDs) were compared. In the statistical analysis, a paired t-test was performed. To compare, the active-layer densities engendered by the UV-A rays. Calibration curve was created with 48 h of preirradiation of UV-A. Results: The mean pixel values ± SD for Gafchromic XR-QA2 on the front and backsides were 130.776 ± 0.812 and 81.015 ± 1.128, respectively. On the other hand, the mean pixel values ± SD for Gafchromic RTQA2 on the front and backsides were 62.299 ± 1.077 and 133.761 ± 1.365, respectively. The statistical results of the paired t-test were significantly different (P < 0.01) between both films. Fitting equation of the calibration curve is shown below. y = -390.47 ± 200 + (443.45 ± 10x80).5068 ± 0.0434. Conclusion: Based on the relationship between the sensitivity of the active layer to UV-A rays and the strength of UV protection on the surface, we concluded that backside irradiation is recommended for Gafchromic XR-QA2, and frontside irradiation is recommended for Gafchromic RTQA2.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155813632024東日本大震災後の女性における出産歴が避難と精神的苦痛や循環器疾患との関連に及ぼす影響：福島県「県民健康調査」を用いた横断研究120126ENSumiyoYasukawaDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityEriEguchiDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical UniversityTetsuyaOhiraDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical UniversityFumikazuHayashiDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical UniversityAkiraSakaiRadiation Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical UniversityMichioShimabukuroRadiation Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical UniversityKeiyaFujimoriRadiation Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical UniversityItaruMiuraRadiation Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical UniversityHirookiYabeRadiation Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical UniversityMasaharuMaedaRadiation Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical UniversitySeijiYasumuraRadiation Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical University Introduction : Women are more likely to be physically, mentally, and socially vulnerable after disasters because of the physical, socioeconomical, and lifestyle-related factors that are often related to their parity. Here, we analyzed the effects of women's parity on the association between evacuation and psychological distress, trauma reactions, and cardiovascular disease (CVD).<br>
Participants and Methods : The participants were residents living in 13 municipalities in the evacuation zone of Japan's Fukushima Prefecture after the March 11, 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake who responded to the Fukushima Health Management Survey in FY2012. A total of 30,709 women aged 40-90 years were included in the analyses. We performed a logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for CVD risk factors.<br>
Results : A multivariate analysis revealed that among the parous women (n = 19,608), evacuation was associated with psychological distress (adjusted OR 1.30, 95%CI : 1.17-1.44), trauma reactions (OR 1.22, 95%CI : 1.11-1.35), and heart disease (OR 1.14, 95%CI : 1.03-1.26) compared to the non-evacuation status. Among the nulliparous women (n = 1,794), there was no association between the evacuation and any outcomes.<br>
Conclusion : The evacuation of individuals after the Great East Japan Earthquake was associated with psychological distress, trauma reactions, and heart disease, especially among parous women.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2024放射線治療品質管理の重要性と標準化に向けた実践に関する研究ENYukiTANIMOTOGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2024Radiological characteristics of skeletal growth in neonates and infants with achondroplasiaENDaisukeMIYAHARAGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7832024Assessment of a New Elbow Joint Positioning Method Using Area Detector Computed Tomography215225ENTakuyaAkagawaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Tokushima Red Cross HospitalRyoheiFukuiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityKatsuhiroKidaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityRyutaroMatsuuraDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityMakotoShimadaDepartment of Radiology, Osaka International Cancer InstituteMitsuhiroKinoshitaDepartment of Radiology, Tokushima Red Cross HospitalYokoAkagawaDepartment of Radiology, Tokushima Red Cross HospitalSachikoGotoDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/67196We propose a sitting position that achieves both high image quality and a reduced radiation dose in elbow joint imaging by area detector computed tomography (ADCT), and we compared it with the ‘superman’ and supine positions. The volumetric CT dose index (CTDIvol) for the sitting, superman, and supine positions were 2.7, 8.0, and 20.0 mGy and the dose length products (DLPs) were 43.4, 204.7, and 584.8 mGy • cm, respectively. In the task-based transfer function (TTF), the highest value was obtained for the sitting position in both bone and soft tissue images. The noise power spectrum (NPS) of bone images showed that the superman position had the lowest value up to approx. 1.1 cycles/mm or lower, whereas the sitting position had the lowest value when the NPS was greater than approx. 1.1 cycles/mm. The overall image quality in an observer study resulted in the following median Likert scores for Readers 1 and 2: 5.0 and 5.0 for the sitting position, 4.0 and 3.5 for the superman position, and 4.0 and 2.0 for the supine position. These results indicate that our proposed sitting position with ADCT of the elbow joint can provide superior image quality and allow lower radiation doses compared to the superman and supine positions.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2024p53-Armed Oncolytic Virotherapy Improves Radiosensitivity in Soft-Tissue Sarcoma by Suppressing BCL-xL ExpressionENTadashiKOMATSUBARAGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2023悪性神経膠腫に対する強度変調陽子線治療と強度変調回転放射線治療の線量分布比較に関する研究ENJunyaMIYATAGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2005岡山県における環境放射能・放射線ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2023RNA editing facilitates the enhanced production of neoantigens during the simultaneous administration of oxaliplatin and radiotherapy in colorectal cancerENYasuhiroKOMATSUGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155813432022肺癌に対する非血管系IVR145151ENTakaoHirakiDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.日本口腔内科学会Acta Medica Okayama2186-61472822022「MASCC/ISOO 口腔粘膜障害のマネジメントに関する臨床ガイドライン（2019-2020改訂版）」公式日本語訳概要の解釈について4149ENYoshihikoSOGADivision of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospitalがん治療における化学療法、口腔を照射野に含む放射線療法、および造血幹細胞移植では、有害事象として口腔粘膜障害がしばしば発生する。がん支持療法の国際学会であるMultinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer および International Society for Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO)は、システマティックレビューの手法により、2019年から2020年にかけて、「MASCC/ISOO 口腔粘膜障害のマネジメントに関する臨床ガイドライン」の改訂版を発表した。さらに、総括の概要について、日本語の公式翻訳版も発表された。しかし、国際的なガイドラインであるが故に、日本での非承認薬あるいは適応外使用について言及されている内容が多い。また、総括の概要で、原文に由来する意図が伝わりにくい箇所がある。本稿では、改訂されたガイドラインの内容について紹介するとともに、上述した問題点を念頭に、ガイドラインの総括の概要に記載された内容について詳述した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7712023Image Quality Assessment of Deep Learning Image Reconstruction in Torso Computed Tomography Using Tube Current Modulation4555ENKazuhiroTakeuchiDepartment of Radiology, Kagawa University HospitalYasuhiroIdeDepartment of Radiology, Kagawa University HospitalYuichiroMoriDepartment of Radiology, Kagawa University HospitalYusukeUeharaDepartment of Radiology, Kagawa University HospitalHiroshiSukeishiDepartment of Radiology, Kagawa University HospitalSachikoGotoDepartment of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/64361Novel deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) reportedly changes the image quality characteristics based on object contrast and image noise. In clinical practice, computed tomography image noise is usually controlled by tube current modulation (TCM) to accommodate changes in object size. This study aimed to evaluate the image quality characteristics of DLIR for different object sizes when the in-plane noise was controlled by TCM. Images acquisition was performed on a GE Revolution CT system to investigate the impact of the DLIR algorithm compared to the standard reconstructions of filtered-back projection (FBP) and hybrid iterative reconstruction (hybrid-IR). The image quality assessment was performed using phantom images, and an observer study was conducted using clinical cases. The image quality assessment confirmed the excellent noise- reduction performance of DLIR, despite variations due to phantom size. Similarly, in the observer study, DLIR received high evaluations regardless of the body parts imaged. We evaluated a novel DLIR algorithm by replicating clinical behaviors. Consequently, DLIR exhibited higher image quality than those of FBP and hybrid-IR in both phantom and observer studies, albeit the value depended on the reconstruction strength, and proved itself capable of providing stable image quality in clinical use.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2021Oncolytic virotherapy promotes radiosensitivity in soft tissue sarcoma by suppressing anti-apoptotic MCL1 expressionENToshinoriOmoriGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155813322021遠隔治療 放射線科編127128ENYusukeMatsuiDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University HospitalSusumuKanazawaDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University HospitalNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2021Osteosynthesis for Geriatric Acetabular Fractures: An Epidemiological and Clinico-Radiological Study Related to Marginal or Roof ImpactionENMadokaInoueGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2019The Glasgow Prognostic Score Determined During Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Is an Independent Predictor of Survival for Cervical CancerENTakeshiNishidaGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2018Dose-Volume Parameters Predict Radiation Pneumonitis after Surgery with Induction Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung CancerENTakeshiOgataGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155813022018平成29年度岡山医学会賞 総合研究奨励賞（結城賞）5153ENTakaoHirakiDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2018Image Quality of the Coronary Angiography with Noise Reduction Technology to Decrease the Radiation DoseENMasayukiKumashiroGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812922017第46回日本インターベンショナルラジオロジー (IVR) 学会総会開催報告147148ENSusumuKanazawaDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812632014リウマチ性疾患における分子標的治療227230ENHiroshiWakabayashiNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812632014岡山県下のクリニック・診療所におけるリウマチ診療・病診連携の実態に関する研究209215ENKen-eiSadaKeiichiroNishidaTakaoYamanakaKentaMisakiHiroshiWakabayashiJunkoShinodaToruTakagiRyusukeYanoAkihikoNakamuraYoshifumiNanbaYoshitakaMoritaYoshinobuKoyamaKeijiYamamotoKazuhikoEzawaYusukeOtaYoshikiYoshiharaShinyaMiyoshiMasamitsuNatsumedaMasaakiUsuiYasuhikoYoshinagaTakashiHayashiMasahiroYamamuraHiroyukiHashizumeObjective: To survey the current status and problems of cooperation between clinics and hospitals in Okayama Prefecture, Japan for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods: We distributed a questionnaire to 300 of the 983 Okayama Prefecture clinics that had either an internal medicine or orthopedic surgery department, from December 2013 to February 2014. The questionnaire covered practice pattern for RA treatment in clinics, current status of the hospital and clinic cooperation, and acceptance of the biologic therapy.
Results: One hundred clinics responded to the questionnaire. Seventy percent of the clinics reported making referrals to rheumatologists before the initiation of RA treatment, and half of the other 30% of the clinics administered methotrexate as the first-line treatment for RA by their own decision. Sixty-six clinics cooperated with flagship hospitals, conducting medical and laboratory examinations, providing prescriptions, and treating common diseases of patients. These clinics expected the cooperating rheumatologists to follow-up patients every 3 to 6 months and to make the diagnosis, make decisions regarding RA treatment changes, and perform surgery. Seventy-one percent of the clinics responded that cooperation with a hospital is possible even for patients who are administered biologics. As reasons for no cooperation with the flagship hospitals, clinics noted the lack of information about rheumatologists in the area and recent trends in the management of RA.
Conclusion: The current study reported, for the first time, the actual conditions of management of RA in clinics, as well as future problems of hospital and clinic cooperation in Okayama Prefecture.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812622014放射線第一病院171172ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812622014非小細胞肺癌に対する術前治療後外科切除療法103107ENShinichiToyookaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山実験動物研究会Acta Medica Okayama302014マウス初期胚発生におけるオートファジーの役割36ENSatoshiTsukamotoAfter fertilization, maternal products which are stored during oogenesis are rapidly degraded and newly zygotic
products are synthesized in most animals. This transition, known as an oocyte-to-embryo transition, is critical step for
further embryonic development. Considering that the process occurs quickly, bulk degradation system could be highly
activated to eliminate maternal products and recycle them to synthesize newly products. We have demonstrated that
autophagy, which is cytoplasmic bulk degradation system mediated by the lysosome, is highly induced after fertilization,
and autophagy-deficient embryo dies before implantation, suggesting that autophagy is essential for preimplantaion
embryonic development. Our recent studies also revealed that lysosomal size and number changes during the embryonic
development. Here we will briefly review the autophagy, and discuss the function of autophagy and lysosome in early
mouse embryogenesis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama0021-46712761992免疫組織染色およびフローサイトメトリーによる放射線照射後の細胞増殖能の検討10461056ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学環境管理センターActa Medica Okayama0917-1533352014放射性セシウムの土壌中での挙動と農作物への移行27ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812612014PET/CT SUVmaxは子宮体癌の予後不良因子になりうる1115ENKeiichiroNakamuraIkuoJojaChikakoFukushimaTomokoHarumaChiakiHayashiTomoyukiKusumotoNorikoSekiAtsushiHongoYujiHiramatsuNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山歯学会Acta Medica Okayama0913-39412812009岡山大学病院周術期管理センター(歯科部門)設立後5ヵ月間の活動内容および今後の展開3742ENReikoYamanakaYoshihikoSogaKumikoNawachiYoshinobuYanagiNaokiKodamaTakashiNakataRumiMiuraMisaoHagawaTetsuoTakeuchiMiekoYamaneManabuMoritaShogoTakashibaJun-ichiAsamiShogoMinagiMasahiroYoshiyamaTsutomuShimonoTakuoKubokiAkiraSasakiKiyoshiMoritaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155810011-121988喀血に対する気管支動脈塞栓術 ―Stainless Steel Coilを用いて―10351043ENMotoomiOhkawaKazuhiroSakamotoTsutomuMiyamotoShinsukeMatsunoNobuyukiHosokawaHiroyukiSeoKanjiKojimaKatashiSatohYukikoKawasakiHitoshiTakashimaToyosatoTamaiMasatadaTanabeKenjiNakamuraFour patients with hemoptysis were treated by bronchial artery embolization, using only stainless steel coils 5mm or 3mm in diameter as the embolic material. Immediate control of hemoptysis was achieved in 3 of the 4 patients without any significant complication. Two of these patients are alive without recurrent hemoptysis, one of them 3 months and the other two years one month after the embolization. One of these patient died of renal failure 5 days after embolization. Recurrent hemoptysis occurred in 1 of the 4 patients with incomplete embolization. A second attempt at embolization failed because the coil fell down through the aorta into the iliac artery. The coil was surgically removed under fluoroscopy. Since the stainless steel coil is a non-absorbable embolic material, if carefully used, longer therapeutic results can be achieved for patients with hemoptysis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812532013IVR263265ENSusumuKanazawaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812532013虫垂腫瘍と術前診断し腹腔鏡下手術を行った虫垂仮性憩室症の１例239242ENTakayukiNinomiyaYasutomoOjimaMasaoHaranoSatoshiOhnoShigehiroShiozakiMotokiNinomiya Appendiceal diverticulum is rare. We encountered a case of appendiceal diverticulum with chronic appendicitis. A 56-year-old man presented to our hospital with right lower abdominal pain. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed swelling of the appendix body and the wall thickness of the base of the appendix. Due to the possibility of appendiceal tumor, we performed a laparoscopy-assisted ileocecal resection with lymph node dissection. The appendix had a diverticulum with chronic inflammation, but it did not have a neoplastic lesion.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Academic Press Inc Elsevier ScienceActa Medica Okayama1521-661614432012Spred-2 deficiency exacerbates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice272282ENHiroshiWakabayashiToshihiroItoSoichiroFushimiYukiNakashimaJyunyaItakuraQiuyingLiuMin MinWinCuimingSunCaoChenMiwaSatoMegumiMinoTetsuyaOginoHirofumiMakinoAkihikoYoshimuraAkihiroMatsukawaMAPKs are involved in acetaminophen (APAP)-hepatotoxicity, but the regulatory mechanism remains unknown. Here, we explored the role of Spred-2 that negatively regulates Ras/ERK pathway in APAP-hepatotoxicity. Spred-2 knockout (KO) mice demonstrated exacerbated liver injury, an event that was associated with increased numbers of CD4(+) T, CD8(+) T and NK cells in the liver compared to the control. Levels of CXCL9/CXCL10 that attract and activate these cells were increased in Spred-2 KO-liver. Kupffer cells isolated from Spred-2 KO mice after APAP challenge expressed higher levels of CXCL9/CXCL10 than those from the control. Upon stimulation with APAP or IFN gamma, naive Kupffer cells from Spred-2 KO mice expressed higher levels of CXCL9/CXCL10. NK cell-depletion attenuated APAP-hepatotoxicity with lowered hepatic IFN gamma and decreased numbers of not only NK cells but also CD4(+) T and CD8(+) T cells in the liver. These results suggest that Spred-2 negatively regulates APAP-hepatotoxicity under the control of Kupffer cells and NK cells.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2013Prognostic impact of cancer stem cell-related markers in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with induction chemoradiotherapyENKazuhikoSienNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山実験動物研究会Acta Medica Okayama282012実験動物と動物実験について今思うこと1526ENTetsuNishikawaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.日本医学放射線学会Acta Medica Okayama0048-04285981999心臓領域における高速3次元MRI撮像法の基礎的･臨床的検討386394ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.日本医学放射線学会Acta Medica Okayama0048-042855141995胸部腫瘤病変におけるMR angiographyの評価 上大静脈とその分枝ならびに腫瘤との関連性の描出能について929938ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X6552011Risk Factors for Infection in Patients with Remitted Rheumatic Diseases Treated with Glucocorticoids329334ENYoshinoriMatsumotoKen-eiSadaMarikoTakanoNorikoToyotaRyutaroYamanakaKoichiSugiyamaHiroshiWakabayashiTomokoKawabataFumioOtsukaHirofumiMakinoOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/47015It is well known that infection is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in rheumatic disease patients treated with high-dose glucocorticoids, especially in the early phase after achievement of disease remission. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for infection, with a focus on the dose of glucocorticoids administered, following the achievement of disease remission in rheumatic diseases patients. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of rheumatic disease patients who had been treated with glucocorticoids. The primary endpoint was the incidence rate of infection during a period from 1 to 2 months after the commencement of treatment. From April 2006 to March 2010, 19 of 92 patients suffered from infection during the observation period. Age≧65 yrs, presence of interstitial pneumonia, diagnosis of systemic vasculitis and serum creatinine level≧2.0mg/dl were found to be univariate predictors for infection. However, only the presence of interstitial pneumonia was an independent risk factor for infection (HR＝4.50, 95%CI＝1.65 to 14.44) by the Cox proportional hazard model. Even after achievement of clinical remission, careful observation is needed for patients with interstitial pneumonia, more so than for those receiving high-dose glucocorticoids.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812322011ベクレルとシーベルト155157ENSusumuKanazawaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812322011テロメラーゼ依存的腫瘍融解アデノウイルス製剤による 放射線感受性増強作用103109ENShinjiKurodaToshiyaFujiwaraYasuhiroShirakawaYasumotoYamasakiSyuyaYanoFutoshiUnoHiroshiTazawaYuuriHashimotoYuichiWatanabeKazuhiroNomaYasuoUrataShunsukeKagawaToshiyoshiFujiwaraDNA修復機能阻害は放射線感受性を増強させるため，DNA修復に関与する因子の阻害剤は放射線増感剤となり得る．我々の開発したテロメラーゼ依存的腫瘍融解アデノウイルス製剤OBP-301（テロメライシン）は，アデノウイルスE1B55kDaタンパクを介して細胞のDNA修復に重要な役割を果たすMRN複合体（Mre11，Rad50，NBS1）を分解する機能を有する．このMRN複合体の分解によりATM（ataxia-telangiectasia mutated）の活性化が抑制され結果的にDNA修復機構が阻害される．我々はOBP-301と放射線との併用が強力な相乗効果を生み出すことをマウスの皮下腫瘍モデルおよび食道癌同所性モデルにおいて証明した．これらの結果はOBP-301が将来有望な放射線増感剤となり得ることだけでなく，E1B55kDaタンパクを産生する腫瘍融解アデノウイルス製剤と放射線との併用が悪性腫瘍に対する有力な治療戦略となり得ることを示す．No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15584071928剖檢例ニ就テ爲セル子宮癌ニ對スル放射線作用ノ檢索 其ノ1 扁平上皮癌ニ就テ12831295ENIchiroMaruyamaDie durch zwei Serien von Röntgen-Radium-bestrahlung (Röntgenbestrahlung nach Seitz und Winz, 30-31 mgr. von RaBr im Kraterförmigen Uterushals) bedingten Veränderungen der Krebszellen sind verschieden je nach der Portio vaginalis und Collum uteri, Uterusschleimhaut und Muskelschicht, Rectalseite und Blasenseite, und einzellnen in demselben Krebsnester. 1) Die Krebszellen der Halsgegend sind hochgradiger verändert als diejenigen der Portio vaginalis. 2) In der Muskelschicht verhält sich die Veränderung verschieden nach den Zuständen des umgebenden Gewebs. Die Krebszellen, welche im durch Radiumbestrahlung zur Nekrose anheimfallenden umgebenden Gewebe sich befinden, sind stärker verändert als diejenigen, welche im nicht nekrotisierenden gesunden Bindegewebe sich vorfinden. 3) Die Krebszellen, welche in Muskelschicht sich befinden, sind stärker beeinflusst als die in Uterusschleimhaut sich vorfindenden. 4) In demselben Nester zeigen die Krebsschichten die verschiedenartigen veränderungen u. z. das gemischte Gebilde von Haendly. 5) Ich bin nicht im stande, nirgends die unveränderten Krebszellen zu konstazieren, wie Bumm, Robert-Myer, Stern, Bott angegeben haben. 6) Nirgends sind Kernteilungsfiguren der Krebszellen nachweisbar.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15584061928骨盤結締織ニ於ケル癌腫浸潤ノ輸尿管ニ對スル態度 附 輸尿管ニ於ケル續發性癌性浸潤ニ對スル放射線ノ影響10871102ENIchiroMaruyamaSeit dem 13 ten Yahre Taisho habe ich an hiesiger gynäkologischer Klinik die gesammten Urogenitalorgane von den an fortgeschrittenem Uterushalskrebs Abgestor-benen herausgenommen und von den im hartinfiltrierten Beckenbindegewebe einge-bettenen Uretheren zwei Punkte besonders in Betracht bezogen: A. Verhalten der Krebsinfiltration gegenueber den Uretheren. B. Strahleneinfluss der secundären krebsigen Infiltration der Uretheren. Und durch microchemische Untersuchungen habe ich folgende Resultate: I. Obgleich im Allgemeinen die Urethren gegen krebsiger Infiltration grossen Widerstand leistet, können alle Uretherschichten Kreibsige Eingriffe nicht vermeiden, wenn das Beckenbindegewebesinfiltration sehr hochgradig ist. II. Betreffs der Krebsinfiltration der Uretheren sind die Krebsnester und Stroma durch zwei Serien von Röntgen-Radium-bestrahlung (Röntgenbestrahlung nach Seitz und Winz, 30-31 mgr. von RaBr im Kraterförmigen Uterushals) bedeutend beeinfiusst u. z. a) Die Zellen sind bedeutend vergrössert und deren Grenze ist sehr deutlich. Die betreffenden Zellenvergrösserungen sind durch Volumenzunahme von Protoplasma und Kern bedingt. Die Kerns sind blasig und unregelmässig tingiert, sodass feiner Bau derselben schwer zu konstatieren ist. Das Protoplasma ist deutlich vermehrt, unregel-mässig verfärbt und mit grossen und kleinen Vacuolen durchsetzt. Hier und da bemerkt man die Riesenzellen, welche durch Einschmelzen entstehen. Die Kerne sind staubartig zerstört und dadurch verschwunden, so dass bald resorbierbare kernlose Zellkörper entstehen. In anderen Fällen sind zuerst die Protoplasmen verschwunden gegangen und die Kerne sind allein übrig geblieben. Die Kernteilungsfiguren sind nirgends zu sehen. b) Im Stroma sieht man stellenweise die kleinrundzelleninfiltration und Hyperämie. c) In einzelnen Krebsnestern kann man Eindringen von Bindegewebe konstatieren. d) Die Veränderungen, welche in der secundärer Krebsinfiltration durch Bestrahlung auftreten, sind sehr ähnlich mit denen von Uteruskrebs.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2011Telomerase-Dependent Oncolytic Adenovirus Sensitizes Human Cancer Cells to Ionizing Radiation via Inhibition of DNA Repair MachineryENShinjiKurodaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2011Comparison of daily prostate positions during conformal radiation therapy of prostate cancer using an integrated CT-linear accelerator system: in-room CT image versus digitally reconstructed radiographENHidekiAoyamaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2011An assessment of radioactivity levels of (210)Pｂ and (40)K in tobacco and radiation exposure from smokingENTomohiroNagamatsuNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山実験動物研究会Acta Medica Okayama272011（独）放射線医学総合研究所実験動物開発・管理課の紹介4651ENTetsuNishikawaSince its founding in 1957, the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) has been the only research and development institution in Japan dedicated to comprehensive research and development of radiation and health with various scientific disciplines. The main characteristics of laboratory animal experiments at NIRS are as follows: (1) the study of long-term biological effects on labol'8tory animals after exposure of various line types to nuclides of radioactive substances, (2) the use of animals maintained under strict quality control from a microbiological viewpoint, and (3) the use of wide range of imaging devices to capture images when
radioactive substances are used. We deal with various types of animals, from fish to primates, and the breeding and feeding periods of
these animals range from few days to approximately 2 years. Furthermore, special attention is given to carcasses and organs of laboratory animals that are treated as RI as well as nuclear fuel wastes, whereas such a restriction does not apply in regular experiments. There are 11 animal experimentation facilities at NIRS. The radiation control and animal management areas are located next to each other on the same site, and radiation workers at these areas are under supervision, strict management, and control. Safety education and training program are also provided to workers as a prerequisite. Not only from a Japanese but also from a global standard viewpoint, a high level of safety management is required for these facilities. During an external assessment in 2009, we received high evaluation marks from the Japanese Association of Laboratory Animal Facilities of National University Corporations and the Japanese Association of Laboratory Animal Facilities of Public and Private Universities for performing animal experiments with consideration of the ethical aspects and well-being of laboratory animals, as well as for the management of facilities.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155849111937陰極線ノ家兎卵巣，肝臟，甲状腺，脾臟ニ及ボス影響ニ關スル研究補遺 陰極線管ヨリ發スル放射線ノ理學的檢査21892196ENChiyonoMoriyaDie Verfasserin stellte physikalische Untersuchungen über die von der Kathodenstrahlenröhre ausgesandte Strahlen an, um eine sichere Bestätigung dafür zu finden, dass die Kathodenstrahlen aus der Kathodenstrahlenrohre durch deren Wand hindurch auch wirklich nach aussen dringen, nämlich der Kathodenstrahlenröhre, welche die Verfasserin ehemals bei ihren Tierversuchen zur Erforschung der biologischen Wirkung der Kathodenstrahlen benutzte. Die Ergebnisse sind folgende: 1) Die aus der Kathodeustrahlenrohre herkommenden Strahlen biegen sich in einem magnetischen Felde bezw. elektrischem Kraftfelde; sie konnnen auch das Bromnatrium verfärben, welches auf die äussere Flache der Antikathodenglasswand geschmiert wurde. Diese Phänomena finden sich keinwegs bei den X-Strahlen; daraus ergibt sich ohne weiteres dass die Kathodenstrahlen durch die dunne Antikathodenglasswand der Kathodenstrahlenrohre von innen heraus ausstrahlen. 2) Es ist möglich, dass die X-Strahlen an der Stelle der Antikathdenglasswaud, wo die Kathodenstrahlen anstossen, eutstehen; doch beträgt ihre Menge, mit dem Küstner'schen Eichstandgerät gemessen, im Antikathodenrohrenwand-Blendeabstand von 2cm nur 0,011 HED pro Minute. 50% der totaleu Dose der X-Strahlen, die von der Kathodenstrahleuröhre herkommen, werdeu durch eine 0,1mm dicke Alminiumplatte resorbiert. Das bedeutet, dass die von der Kathodeustrahlenröhre ausstrahlendeu X-Strahlen sehr weich und schwach penetrieren sind, und dass ihre gesamte Dose nur geringfügig ist. Aus der erwahuten Tatsache geht hervor, dass es sich bei den schou berichteten hystologischen Veränderungen, die durch die Bestrahlung mit der Kathodeustrahlenrohre hervorgerufen werden, um die Wirkungen der Kathodenstrahlen handelt, die aus der betreffenden Kathodenstrahlenröhre durch ihre Wand hindurch herausströmen.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15585091938ラヂウム放射線」ノ聽器ニ及ボス影響ニ就テノ實驗的研究18451866ENShin'ichiDoiExperimentelle Untersuchungen über den Einfluss der Radiumbestrahlung auf die Nervenendigungen des Gehororgans, besonders des Labyrinths, wurden bisher nur von wenigen Autoren angestellt und als Resultat zeigt sich fast immer an jeder Partie der Endigungen des N. Acusticus ein Degenerationsprozess. Aber uber die Frage, wie und in welcher Weise dieser Degenerationsprozess auftritt, d.h. uber die Frage der Resistenzkraft der Nenvenendigungen gegenuber der Radiumbestrahlung gehen die Meinugen der Autoren so sehr auseinauder, dass man dauber keine bestimmte Angaben machen kann. Um dieses Problem näher zu verfolgen hat Verfasser Experimente mit Meerschweinchen ausgefuhrt. Nach Anwendung von 1. od. 2 Radiumnadeln mit 5,5mg Bromradiumkontinuierlich 24 Stunden bis 25 Tage lang, von innen oder aussen in die Seite der eigentlichen Mittelohrblase des Versuchtieres, wurde die Vitalfixation in verschiedenen Zeiträumen ausgefuhrt, sodass der Zustand aller Partien der Endigung der N. Acusticus nach der entsprechenden Bestrahlungsdauer genau untersucht werden konnte. Bei der Untersuchung von Ganglienzellen wurden die Präparate in 2,5mm dicke Serienschnitte zerlegt und ausschliesslich Tanaka'sche Methode angewandt.Die Resultate sind folgende: 1) Durch kontinuierliche Bestrahlung des Gehororgans des Meerschweinchens mit einer geringen Dosis Radium wurde primare Degeneration an allen Endigungen des Labyrinths hervorgerufen. 2) Auftreten des Degenerationsprozesses am Cochlearapparat ist dem Grade und der Zeit nach je nach der Affinitat der Lokalität verschieden, nämlich am frühesten und deutlicheten am Corti'schen Organ, dann an den Ganglienzellen, und am spätesten und leichtesten an den Nervenfasern; es herrscht aber dabei niemals ein Abhängigkeitsverhaltniss. 3) Storungsgrade am Vestibularapparat viel weniger als an der Cochlea, aber finden sich der Auftretensmodus des Degenerationsprozesses ist an beiden Apparaten ganz gleich. 4) Die durch die Radiumbestrahlung hervorgerufene Degeneration des Labyrinths wird trotz gleicher Gesamtdosis um so deutlicher herbeigefuhrt, je grosser die l-malige verbrauchte Radiumdosis ist. 5) Diese Degeneration hat ein bestimmtes latentes Stadium. 6) Sie ist je nach Bestrahlungsdosis, Anwendungsweise, Lebensbauer nach der Bestrahlung, und Alter des Versuchstieres verschieden. In diesem Experiment erweisen sich nirgends Veränderungen auf der nicht bestrahlten Seite des Gehörorgans.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15585571943口圍非黴毒性放射線状瘢痕10401041ENTosimituNarukawaEin 28 jähriger junger Bauer hatte radiäre streifige Narben an beiden Mundwinkeln: Rechts 5, links 3 Streifen. Jede Narbe war 2-3cm lang, 1-2mm breit, regelmässig und geradlinig. Die Unterlippe stülpte nicht aus. Der Kranke war ganz frei von syphilitischen Symptomen.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558673-41955レ線照射の酵素作用に及ぼす影響Ureaseの尿素分解作用に及ぼす影響について883888ENY.NakanishiM.KandaK.MimuraM.YamamotoT.MurakamiIn order to investigate the influence of X-irradiation upon the urease, the authors performed several experiments and obtained the following conclusion: 1) The urease action are influenced by X-irradiation. 2) The activity of urease is strengthened in the case of irradiation with from 40r to 120r, and inhibited in the case of irradiation ranging from 140r to 200r or 400r. 3) The effect of X-irradiation upon urease action is caused by the irradiation of urease itself, and not of the substrate (urea). 4) When KCN is added to the urease urea mixture, the urease activity is activated in proportion to the concentration of KCN. In the case of an addition of KCN to the urease urea mixture, the effect of X-irradiation upon the urease activity is slight in case of strong concentration of KCN, but appears distinctly in case of weak concentration of KCN. 5) When CuSO(4) is added to the urease urea mixture, the urease activity is inhibited in proportion to the concentration of CuSO(4). In the case of addition of CuSO(4) to the urease urea mixture, the effect of X-irradiation upon the urease activity is seen slightly in case of strong concentration of CuSO(4), but distinctly in case of weak concentration of CuSO(4). 6) In the case of solar radiation, the urease activity is inhibited in proportion to the time of solar radiation, and the urease activity which is inhibited by solar radiation for 30 minutes, is reactivated by X-irradiation with 80r.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155869111957子宮頸癌の電子顕微鏡的研究（特に放射線変化と感受性に就いて）27892806ENYun YenOuI have examined 57 cases of the uterine cervical cancer and 2 cases of the normal uterine cervix (non-pregnant and pregnant) with electron microscope. 1) Normal uterine cervix. The nucleocytoplasmic ratio becomes lower, and mitochondria a fewer from the profundal layer to the superficial one. The intercellular bridge develops in superficial spinal layer highly, and the cytoplasmic communication may be seen at one part of bridge. The tonofibrils of neighbouring cells don't connect with each other, and they make themselves into a bundle in the intercellular bridge and build the Bizozzero's node described by Porter and Takaki. But the situation and relationship of the Biyozzero's node in the bridge don't quite accord with their opinions. During pregnancy the cytoplasm of superficial layer is rather granular than fibrous, and characteristic intercellular sinus may also be recognized. 2) Carcinoma of the cervix. The structure of cellular border is simple in the epidermoid carcinoma. The mitochondia, endoplasmic reticulnm and Golgi body are observed in the cytoplasm. Although there is no statistical significancy, inclusion bodies have tendency to increase by radiation. The nuclear membrane is double layered, but doesn't look such thickening as observed with optical microscope. The onucleoplasm is composed of fine granules which become coarse or nodular by degeneration. The nucleoli have no definite form.
They consist of highly electron dense particles and possess no limiting membranes. There are many mitotic figures in cancer cells. The cell, on the whole, revealed 3 stratified structure in the prophase, and 2 stratified one in the metaphase. In the adenocarcinoma, I notice the characteristic findings that have many vacuoles and lipid or secretory granules in its cytoplasm. 3) Autolytic changes of cervical cancer.
The extirpated cancer tissue shows remarkable changes within 40 minutes in 20°C normal saline solution. 4) Changes of cancer cells incident to radiation. The radiative change differs from the autolytic one in quantity and duration. The fatty and vacuolar degeneration, giant cell and inclusion body appear in the radiation newly, but not in the autolysis. There is no essential difference between x-ray and radium about the effect. The mitochondrias are the first to suffer from radiation, but the nuclear and the cell membrane are the last to change. As the radiative changes, the thickening of nuclear membrane, vacuolar degeneration and congregated picture of nucleoplasm are hardly seen in the electron microscopy, but not rarely in the optical one. 5) Relationship of radiosensitivity of uterine cervical carcinoma to histopathological picture and clinical findings. The spindle type is more radiosensitive than the transitional and spinal one. Especially the significant difference was recognized between the spindle and the transitional. The high density of cancer cells is more sensitive than the low significantly. But the radiosensitivity has no significant relation with Imai's C. P. L. classification and the other clinical findings. About the radiosensitivity, the electron microscopical findings accord with the optical one relatively.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15586981957岡山県北部山間地方に続発した「ビールス」肺炎に就いて21052110ENMichioYamamotoTamotsuTaziriHiroshiKawaharaSadaoFunabikiMasaoEgawaSoichiNishishitaEver since June 1956 mainly centering around Hayashino, Mimasakacho, the mountain regions in the northern part of Okayama Prefecture we have frequently encountered virus pneumonia which by their roentgenographs were misdiagnosed for pulmonary tuberculosis. By November of the same year there appeared the patients indicative of virus pneumonia from their roentgenographs of chest, among pupils of such grade schools as Hayashino, Toyokuni, Toyoda, Narahara, and Kumon Grade Schools, all around Hayashino. Therefore, indirect x-ray photographs had been taken of 2, 019 pupils and found 381 cases whose shadow indicated what might be thought to be of virus pneumonia. We present herewith a report on x-ray findings of thes cases, percentage of the position of shadow appearance, clinical symptoms as well as on x-ray differentiation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15586981957Porzellangallenblaseと考えられる二例に就いて20972104ENMichioYamamotoSoichiNishishitaRyoAndoYoshikiMorimotoMasahiroWakimotoTadashiHashigamiMinoruYasudaTamotsuTaziriSadaoFunabikiThe application of x-rays in the diagnosis of gall-bladder diseases is an old, well-known method, but since this is used mainly in taking a simple photograph, it is difficult to obtain a good roentgenological picture. Recently with the successive advent of excellent opaque substances such as Biligrafin, Telepaque and Priodax the diagnosis of gall bladder diseases has become quite easy, but two cases on which we report here are, on the contrary, the cases whose diagnosis has been made more difficult on account of the appearance of these excellent contrast media. This "Porzellangallenblase" is an extremely rare disease and it was first reported by H. D. Flörchen (1929) in the "Zentralblatt d. Chirurgie". It presents a piture identical with the one taken at the time when opaque substance is administered. As for the symptoms, the patient mainly complains of something similar to gall-stone; and in our cases, one was suspected of kidney stone and the other was of gall-bladder disease. Both of these were discovered at the x-ray examinations of the stomach, and each in their roentgenograph presented the stone in their bile duct. In addition their roentgenograph of the gall-bladder gave the picture identical with the one taken when opaque substance had been given. We present this case report as these are very rare cases among Japanese people in the light of available literatures.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15586951957臟器酵素におよぼすレ線の影響について13351340ENMizuhoKandaYoshioNakanishiKimimasaMimuraMasajiIshikawaSeiichiKogataYoshinoriMiyoshiShimizuYoshiiMichioYamamotoThe paper is the report on the results obtained from the experimental studies to find out what extent does the influence of X-Ray affect the enzymic action of organ, the basic metabolic process of living organism. Summary of the results: 1. In healthy mature rabbits, with three organs, namely, the brain, liver and kidney, the amount found of Kateptase, Amylase and Urease were highest in the kidneys and the livers came the next, while the brains contained the least. With Arginase, it was found to be highest in the livers, and kidneys were the next, but the brains had the least. 2. Healthy mature rabbits were submitted with daily X Ray radiaton of 300 r for a period of 10 days and the animals were killled when the total dosage had reached 3000 r, and respective action of Kateptase, Amylase, Arginase and Urease in brain, liver and kidney were compared with the nonirradiated rabbits. It was found that the action of Kateptase, Arginase and Urease of these three organs have been markedly increased by the X Ray radiation and degree of influence was the highest in the brains: with Amylase action in respective organ, it was decreased and its effect was most noticeable in the brain.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15586931957エタノールの放射線障碍の恢復に及ぼす影響について915924ENM.YamamotoY.MorimotoS.NishishitaK.SadatoshiR.AndoK.YamamotoM.WakimotoM.YasudaThe result of the experiment which ethylalcohol affect on the X-rays injury advantageously reported by M. Yamamoto who is our co-worker at the same time ago, and we attempted to this experiment that whether ethylalcohol affect on the restoration of X-rays injury usefully or not, and this experiment carried out on 3 groups as following: 1) A group of mice in wich ethylalcohol was not used, 2) B group of mice in which ethylalcohol was used only for irradiated period with 100r×10, 3) C group of mice in which ethylalcohol was used not only for irradiated period with 100r×10, but for 15 days, 30 days after the irradiated with 100r×10, and we found out following results in this experiment. In this case there were more histological restorating figures of spleen, liver injuries than in the case of mice in which ethylalcohol was not used.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15586911957子宮頸癌放射線治療に合併せる尿・糞瘻に就いて（岡大婦人科に於ける昭和9年より昭和29年迄の観察）129136ENYoshinoriMasaokaIsamuNagaseDuring twenty one years from 1934 to 1954 inclusive, 1,974 cases of cancer of the uterine cervix were treated by radiation therapy in the gynecological department of Okayama University. The urinary and fecal fistulae were found in 13 cases (0.7%) during the I. series and in 30 cases (1.5%) after leaving the hospital. There were; urinary fistulae 1.2% (22 cases of vesico-vaginal, 1 case of urethro-vaginal), fecal fistulae 0.9% (18 cases of rectovaginal), and urino-fecal fistulae 0.1% (2 cases of recto-vesico-vaginal). Thirteen cases of them showed evidently signs of fistulae during admission, and their subjective symptoms were as follows: in the urinary fistula, 7 cases out of 11 complained of vesico-urethral irritation symptoms; in the fecal fistula, one case out of 2 complained of mucous stool and of discomfort in the anal region. There were observed no relations to their age groups (less than 49 and over 50), the deliveries (less than 4 times including none, and over 5 times), and the state of presence of the cancerous infiltration in the vaginal wall on observation in the first examination. There was a tendency to produce urinary and fecal fistulae more frequently in the ulcerative or crateriform cancers than in the cauli flower-like or erosive, and in the progressed cancer patients. The curability was very low in these fistulae occurred during the radiological treatment. Most of them died of cancer; about 1/2 of them were within one year, about 1/4 within 2 to 5 years and the rest 1/4 belonged to the cases of 5-year survivals.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15586911957子宮頸癌放射線療法に於ける一次死亡について（岡大婦人科昭和9～29年の21年間成績）115120ENSakaeHiraiKazuoSaratani1) There were 67 primary mortalities out of 1,974 cases of the cervical carcinoma who were treated by radiation at the Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University, during the recent 21 years (average primary mortality: 3.4%) 2) The first cause of death is infection which has greater part of primary mortality, and peritonitis is dominant. The second cause of death is bleeding and the third is death from the advanced cachexia. 3) From 1934 to 1951, we generally gave them radiumtherapy after roentogentherapy and primary death occurred more frequently at the time of radiumtherapy than at roentogentherapy. From 1952, radiotherapy has been performed by Yagi-Takeda's method which had no influences on the primary mortality. 4) Primary mortality increases with the progress of the clinical stage of carcinoma and is 1.3% in the I & II stage, while 4.3% in the III & IV stage. The primary mortality has no relations to the site of the carcinoma, the ages and the frequency of parturition of the patients. Primary mortality was remarkably high during and within a few years after the World War II.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15586911957摘出臟器（肝臓）のAmylaseに及ぼす「レ」線の影響について109113ENK.ShiragaK.SadatoshiY.MorimotoS.NishishitaM.YasudaT.HashigamiH.NakamuraThe various metabolism are carried out in living cells and the relevance of enzyme research is based upon the idea that the chemical reactions that occur in living cells from the core of life itself. But the biochemical metabolism is affected by X-rays irradiation, and so we think that X-rays irradiation effect upon the catalytic function of the enzyme, and we experimented whether X-rays irradiation effect on the catalytic function of Amylase in cells of liver which is extracted without bacilli, or not. And then we find out that the irradiation with 60r rised the catalytic function of Amylase the irradiation with 200r, 400r repressed the catalytic function of Amylase.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15586911957放射線とHeinz小体 附. 昭和29年3月ビキニ環礁水爆実験の被害船第5福龍丸船員の赤血球Heinz小体に就て103107ENMichioYamamotoSoichiNishishitaTadashiHashigamiKokiYamamotoMizuhoKandaKimimasaMimuraYukioShigenobuNoruoHamadaIt has been demonstrated that the formation of so-called Heinz's body in erythrocytes could be brought forth by the use of radioactive phosphorous (P(32)) in both vivo and in vitro. The Heinz's body formation was also recognized in erythrocytes in general of the blood obtained from the ship's crews of the Fukuryu Maru who had been subjected to an influence of the hydrogen bomb experimental trialx in Bikini on March 1954, and examined when red blood cells have been suspended in physiological salt solution and left for 6-9 hours in an incubator at the temperature of 37°C. The finding of Heinz's body in the red blood cells of the crews of the above vessel may have been attributed to the lowered functional capacity of the reticuloendothelial system, speaks for erythrocytes susceptible to undergo retrogressive degenerative change.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587110-21959放射線の細菌に対する生物効果に関する研究 第3編 X線被照射菌の形態学的観察67456754ENYasuhiroKanemasaUsing Sal 57 S as test organism, the author studied the effect of x-ray radiation on the morphology of bacteria by means of electron microscope. The dosis given to the microorganism was 2,000r or 8,000r. The following results were obtained. 1) The morphology of the cells was kept almost normal as just after the irradiation. 2) Prominiently elongated bacteria were found on succeeding cultures of 2, 3 and 5 hrs after the irradiation. 3) There were found some regions that had a low electron density on elongated cell. The distances between the regions were almost normal cell size or somewhat exceeded on its size. With the lapse of cultivation time the region became more distinctive and wider. 4) The bacterial cells cultured following after the irradiation were lost its homogeneousness in part and revealed granule-like structure in its interior and in the sever case the body of cell turned to be a exuviae form. 5) As was found on the cultured cells mentioned above, the identical facts was observed by the bacterial cells stocked in refrigerator for 2 days following after the irradiation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587110-21959放射線の細菌に対する生物効果に関する研究 第2編 Sal. 57 Sの酵素系に及ぼすX線照射の影響について67336743ENYasuhiroKanemasaIn order to elucidate the effects of x-ray radiation on enzyme system of bacteria, the author studied the effect of x-ray radiation on enzyme system of Sal 57 S which were irradiated such large dosis as 8,000r in comparison with the enzyme activity of untreated cells. And the following results were obtained. 1) The oxidation of glucose and pyruvate was inhibited to a large extent on the enzyme systm of the x-ray irradiated organisms. And from the findings of the studies on RQ., stoichiometry and action of inhibitors, it could not find any difference on the oxidation pathway from glucose to pyruvate, but on the further oxidation pathway of pyruvate. The inhibition on the further oxidation pathway of pyruvate brought about marked accumulation of acetate in the cells of Sal 57 S irradiated to x-ray. 2) As concerns to the oxidation of member of TCA cycle, an inhibition was found at the oxidation of α-ketoglutalate and also of succinate to a slight extent. 3) The inhibition on the oxidation of glucose, pyruvate and α-ketoglutalate could be removed by addition of cysteine. From the view of this fact, the inhibition was supposed to be occured in the enzyme system relating to -SH group. 4) The effect of x-ray irradiation on oxydative phosphorylation was studied by measuring P:O ratio and P(32) incorporation into Δ-7-p. The decrease of P:O ratio and P(32) incorporation was observed. This fact possibly implied that the irradiation of x-ray acted as an uncoupler on oxydative phosphorylation 5) There was not observed any changes on the nucleic acids system of bacteria just after the x-ray irradiation. However, amount of DNA showed a decrease by a succeeding incubation of the organism after x-ray irradiation. An inhibition to the incorporation of phosphorus into DNA fraction was also proved on the cells by isotopic study using P(32).No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587110-21959放射線の細菌に対する生物効果に関する研究 第1編 Sal. 57 Sに対するX線照射の致死効果について67236732ENYasuhiroKanemasaUsing Sal 57 S as test organism, the author studied biological effect of x-ray radiation by observing the lethal effect under various conditions, in which the state of the organism at irradiation, the properties of the material that gives secondary ray and the dosis of radiation were studied in different combinations. The lethal effect mentioned above was measured by enumeration of surviving cells and the following results were obtained. 1) The surviving curve obtained by the irradiation on cell suspension of the microorganisms could be represented in an exponential curve. In this study, several kinds of solutions were examined using as the liquid media of the bacterial suspension, i. e. normal saline, phosphate buffer, Fe++ added normal saline and Mg++ added normal saline. The survival rates obtained on each suspension were not different to a significant degree. However, the survival rate was somewhat decreased at the examination on the suspension into which platine wire was submerged. 2) The survival rates obtained by the x-ray irradiation on cell suspensions in different concentrations were quite the same on either suspensions. However, in comparative study between the irradiation on a homogeneous cell suspension, and that on unhomogeneous cell suspension, the later showed a higher survival rate. 3) The surviving curve obtained by the irradiation on a spreaded growth on the entire surface of nutrient agar was also repesentable by exponential curve. An application of lead plate as the material which gives secondary ray showed prominient reinforcement of lethal effect. The surviving curve vas deviated from the original curve to a downward concaved curve on semi-log co-ordinates. 4) The lethal effect to dry cells was inferior than that to wet cells and also the effect was reinforced by an application of lead plate as material which gives secondary ray. 5) The reinforcement of lethal effect by secondary ray was studied using several materials as the emitter for secondary ray. In this study the effect was determined by means of the growth observed on nutrient agar plate. As the result of this study, the effect of reinforcement came in following order Pb, Cu, Al then wooden plate; this order was the same as atomic numbers. The scondary ray could be easily intercepted even by a sheet of paper, acordingly, the lethal effect by the secondary ray was markedly decreased as an increase of the distance between the emitter and the surface of madia.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558716-21959放射線障害の血清学的研究 第III編 Forssman氏抗体による逆過敏症に及ぼすX線の影響について33933402ENSadaoMurakamiForssman's antibody was obtained from rabbits by injecting 10 percent saline emulsion of guinea pig kidney seven times every four day.
The minimum lethal dose of Forssman's antibody was administered into guinea pigs after the whole body X-irradiation. The effect of the irradiation on the lethality, the time to the death, the reduction rate of the complement, weight of the lung and clinical signs were investigated. The results were as follows: 1) By 200r irradiation, the reverse-anaphylaxis of guinea pigs by Forssman's antibody was restrained, and the lethal minimum dose was highest around the 14th day, and gradually returned to normal around the 21st day. 2) By 200r iradiation, the period of incubation until the typical shock of reverseanaphylaxis and the duration until the death by shock were prolonged. 3) By 200r irradiation, the lung-weight showed a tendency to be lightened in comparison with the control group. 4) By X-irradiation below 100r, no typical view was found, but it seemed to have the same tendency with the 200r exposure as a whole.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558716-21959放射線障害の血清学的研究 第II編 被働性皮膚過敏症に及ぼすX線の影響について33813392ENSadaoMurakamiGuinea pigs were sensitized with anti-egg-albumin rabbit serum with various intervals after the whole body x-irradiation. Twenty-four hours later 0.1cc of antigen of 1, 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001% were injected on the abdominal skin intracutaneously. Arthus' phenomenon was observed after twenty four hours. The results were as follows: 1) By 200r x-irradiation, Arthus' phenomenon was mostly restrained on the 7th day after the exposure and returned to normal later but showed a tendency to incraese on the 28th day. The area of skin-redness at Arthus' phenomenon became small on the 7th day after exposure, and returned to normal later but showed a tendency to enlarge on the 28th day after the exposure. 2) By 400r irradiation, Arthus' phenomenon was mostly restrained on the 7th day and the area of skin-redness was scarecely observed. 3) Arthus' phenomenon by the method with Evans-blue injected intraveously as an index showed the largest area of the skincolouring on the 7th day after 200r x-irradiation without showing any clear margin. It returned normal afterwards. On the 28th day, the area of the skin-colouring was small with a clear margin. 4) After the 200r exposure, while the epidermis group was atrophic, pathological changes of skin were not so marked in general.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558716-21959放射線障害の血清学的研究 第1編 被働性過敏症に及ぼすX線の影響について33713380ENSadaoMurakamiHybrid guinea pigs weighing about 300grams were used for the test. Egg-album in antiserum was injected immediately after the whole body irradiation of X-ray. The same was done on the 5th, 7th, 14th, 21st and the 28th days. Twenty four hours later, the antigen was administered to observe the passive anaphylactic shock. The results were as follows: 1) The passive anaphylactic shock was restrained 5-7 days after the x-irradiation of 200r. It returned to normal after 14 days. After 28 days the reaction seemed to turn stronger. 2) By x-irradiation of 200r, the time of incubation to typical shock showed a tendency to prolong. The duration to death by shock also seemed to prolong. 3) Concerning the reduction-rate of the compliment no particular result was obtained. 4) The drop of body temperature was uncertain in case of 200r irradiation. 5) The dilation of the lung after the shock in guinea pigs has a mortal effect. By 200r irradiation, the lung dilation was moderate on the 7th day after the irradiation. 6) As for the clinical signs after 200r irradiation, no serious condition showed on the 7th day. The condition on the 5th day succeeded while they advanced after the 14th, the 21st and the 28th days. 7) After the 7th day of irradiation, the anaphylaxis of guinea pigs did not appear apparently in 100r irradiation but showed stronger in case of 50r and 25r irradiation.
Thus the author concludes that the effect of irradiation on the serological reactivity of guinea pigs was mostly restrained around one week after the irradiation in case of passive anaphylaxis by egg-albumin antibody as an indicator.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558716-21959放射線障害の本態に関する実験的研究 第2編 催貧血に就いて31933196ENM.YamamotoS.NishishitaR.AndoS.NobukiS.KojimaJ.TanimotoK.AkagiT.ShiakuWe attempted to reserch that a poison are produced in blood when the blood are irradiated, and whether such poison causes tissue injuries secondarily or not. Experimental Method: After the rabbits blood of removing serum in test tube are irradiated with great doses of X-rays or Co(60) at a time, such blood injected to other healthy rabbits, and then we research to what change are brought in such case, and we find out following matter. Experimental Results: The peripheral blood cell count reduced after transfusions, the function of the reticuloendotherial system falled and the apperance of Heinz's body erythrocytes were remarkable. In view of these facts, it seems to be produced a toxic substance in the peripheral blood of the rabbit irradiated with X-ray or Co(60), and the the toxic substance causes radiation injuries secondarily.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155810111-121989Beautiful Bone Scanを呈した胃癌骨転移の1例10751079ENMasahiroKurodaAkioTanakaYoshioYamamotoMitsuharuSimizuNobuoSatoIkuoJojaKeijiHashimotoYoshioHirakiHiroyukiNakadaMasayoshiKibataA 46-year-old female presented with lumbago. A plain X-ray examination did not indicate any distinctive changes, however a bone scintigram showed beautiful bone scan. A bone marrow biopsy certified metastatic adenocarcinoma and a primary gastric carcinoma was discovered subsequently. Beautiful bone scan can be seen in malignant metastasis, several bone metabolic diseases and other rare cases. A rare case of a gastric cancer exhibiting a beautiful bone scan, is described.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581015-61989Menkes症モデルマウス (Macular mouse) でのMetallothionein mRNAの調節495503ENMitsumasaKajiMT-mRNA levels in tissue were measured in normal and macular mutant mice. The MT-mRNA level in tissues (kidney, intestine, liver, brain, spleen, thymus, lung and heart) of 7-day-old mutants was not changed compared to normal mice. Kidney MT-mRNA levels in the mutant foetus at 18 days of gestation and in the 3- and 7-day-old mutant were not changed compared compared to normal mice, with the exception of the 1-day-old mutant. Intestine and liver MT-mRNA levels in the mutant foetus at 18 days gestation and in the 1-, 3- and 7-day-old mutant were not changed compared to normal mice.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581013-41989Ehrlich腹水癌細胞の薬剤耐性細胞における温熱によるAdriamycinの効果増強とその修飾315325ENNaokoKashitaniAdriamycin (ADR) is a well known anticancer agent which is frequently used alone or combination with other anticancer agents. An ADR-resistant cell line derived from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (EATC) was established in our laboratory. In this report, differences between wild EATC and ADR resistant EATC were studied. The intracellular ADR uptake increased at a temperature (41.0°C) that had a little effect on the viability of wild EATC. The intracellular ADR uptake of ADR-resistant EATC also increased at elevated temperature (41.0°C). However, ADR resistant EATC had an enhanced acquired capacity that increased the efflux of intracellular ADR. Cepharanthine (CP), 1mcg/ml, inhibited the efflux of intracellular ADR and maintained the retention of ADR at high levels in cells from both cell lines, so the killing effects were enhanced with a combination ADR and CP. From these results, the mechanisms of resistance to ADR may be discussed. The killing effects of ADR depend on intracellular ADR uptake, retention and maintenance. Hyperthermic treatment accelerates the influx of ADR. In addition, CP suppresses the efflux of intracellular ADR, and increased markedly the cytotoxic effect of ADR on ADR resistant EATC. The combination of ADR, CP and hyperthermia may be effective and useful therapy to overcome ADR-resistant cancer cells.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581013-41989Adriamycinの殺細胞効果の加温およびCepharanthineによる修飾303314ENAkifumiMizutaThe cytotoxic effect of anticancer agents depends markedly on the intracellular uptake of the anticancer drug; its maintenance is increased by accelerating the intracellular uptake of anticancer agent and inchbiting. Using with flow-cytometry, we demonstrated that the intracellular uptake of adriamycin (ADM) is increased by hyperthermia, and that cepharanthine (CEP) and Verapamil inhibit its retention. We investigated the cytotoxic effect of the combination of ADR, CEP and hyperthermia, using a NIH3T3 cell line. The cytotoxic effect of ADR is increased by hyperthermia; its effect is acquired at a lower temperature which has no cytotoxic effect alone. With the conbination of CEP, ADR and hyperthermia, the cytotoxic effect is further increased. The synergism is increased by the elevation of temperature and a long of exposure time of CEP. The increase of the intracellular accumulation anticanceragent is important to overcome multidrugresistance, a phenomenon which has that attracted agreat deal of attention.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581013-41989頭部MRI像の画質改善について295302ENNorikoKanzakiThe purpose of this study is to present a method of boundary enhancement algorithms for magnetic resonance images using a V-filter and clinical applications. By iterated V-filtering, the signal-to-noise ratio can be increased with preservation of edge sharpness. This is due to the relationship of the signal-to-noise ratio to the mean-to-variance ratio. These techniques were applied to clinical cases using MRI in the evaluation of the brain tumor. The boundaries of the brain tumor and the edematous region were precisely extracted.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989脳血管性病変におけるステレオDSAの臨床的評価8796ENMotoomiOhkawaKanjiKojimaJunichiKageyamaIchirohHinoHitoshiTakashimaToyosatoTamaiMasatadaTanabeTakashiOhmotoKiyotakaUedaTakashiFujiwaraSeventy-one series of stereoscopic DSA utilized on thirty-nine patients with intracranial vascular lesions were evaluated by comparison with subtracted magnified angiograms or independently. All stereoscopic series had good or fairly good stereoscopic quality. Stereoscopic DSA was useful in the preoperative stereoscopic vascular analysis of vascular lesions such as aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, cartotid-cavernous fistulas, obstructive or stenotic vascular lesions and vascular elongations. Stereoscopic DSA was also useful for evaluation of the post-operative or post-embolization states of these vascular lesions. We think that stereoscopic DSA can replace many areas of conventional angiography for vascular lesions in the near future.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989脳腫瘍におけるステレオDSAの臨床的評価7786ENMotoomiOhkawaKanjiKojimaJunichiKageyamaIchirohHinoHitoshiTakashimaToyosatoTamaiMasatadaTanabeTakashiOhmotoKiyotakaUedaShogoMinoNinety-six series of stereoscopic DSA utilized on forty-eight brain tumor patients were evaluated by comparison with subtracted magnified angiograms or independently. All stereoscopic DSA series had good or fairly good stereoscopic quality. Stereoscopic DSA was useful for the pre-operative diagnosis of brain tumors, such as menigniomas, pituitary adenomas, glioblastomas, neurinomas, etc. Stereoscopic DSA was also useful for the evaluation of the post-operative states of these brain tumors. In the near future, stereoscopic DSA may replace many areas of conventional angiography for the diagnosis of brain tumors.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989黄色肉芽腫性胆嚢炎の1例7176ENKanjiKojimaYasutaneMoriFuminoriGohdaYukikoKawasakiToyosatoTamaiMotoomiOhkawaMasatadaTanabeTomojiKohmotoSatoshiTanakaShohjiKobayashiA case was presented of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis which resembled carcinoma of the gallbladder on ultrasonography (US) and CT. The findings of US and CT showed a markedly thick-walled gallbladder with poor definition of boundaries which was similar to the infiltration of carcinoma of the gallbladder. Although a rare entity, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of carcinoma of the gallbladder.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989娘枝領域の肺動脈分岐について6569ENMasatadaTanabeKatashiSatohJunichiKageyamaYasuhikoTsuuchiYoshihiroToyamaYasutaneMoriMidoriYodenYoshirouKawaseKiichiroMizukawaThe branching pattern of the pulmonary artery was examined in the autopsied right lung of a 76-year-male, (inflated and fixed lung), in the regions supplied by daughter branches. Ordinarily, the pulmonary arteries are accompanied by the bronchi, but not necessarily by the daughter bronchi. There were two types of branching patterns of the pulmonary artery in the regions be occupied by daughter branches. In one, the pulmonary artery was not accompanied by the daughter bronchi at the beginning of the branch, but was accompanied by the daughter branch in peripheral regions. In the other, some branches of pulmonary artery distributed to the hilar region from neighbouring daughter branch areas. It is very important to consider daughter branches of the pulmonary artery as well as the inherent structure of the lung.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989結核性髄膜炎と肺粟粒結核が同時に認められた1症例6164ENYoshirohKawaseKatashiSatohYasutaneMoriYoshihiroToyamaKazuhiroSakamotoKiichirohMizukawaHitoshiTakashimaToyosatoTamaiMasatadaTanabeA 50 years old housewife presented with complaints of headache and fever. The chest radiograph revealed fine granular shadews in both lung fields on admission. Further examinations were performed including CT and a diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis was made. A few days after admission, neck stiffness, headache, Kernig's sign and other neurological signs rapidly appeared. Tubercle bacillus was detected from the spinal fluid, and a diagsosis of tuberculous meningitis was made. Anti-tuberculous therapy was quickly started, and she had recovered completely 6 months after beginning therapy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989気腫性胆嚢炎の1例―超音波診断の重要性―5359ENKanjiKojimaYasuhikoTsuuchiShinsukeMatsunoHitoshiTakashimaMotoomiOhkawaToyosatoTamaiMasatadaTanabeMichikoOkaAkioAndohThe ultrasonographic findings in a case of emphysematous cholecystitis were reported. Thick curvilinear high echoes with reverberation and acoustic shadows due to the air were found along the anterior surface of the gall bladder. However, no gas shadow was noted in the right upper abdomen on the plain radiograph. On the following day, an air fluid level in the lumen and a linear gas shadow in the wall of the gall bladder were demonstrated by the plain film and CT. With ultrasonography, it is possible to find small amounts of the air in the gall bladder at an early stage of emphysematous cholecystitis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989輸入脚閉塞症の画像診断と治療4351ENShinsukeMatsunoKanjiKojimaYasutaneMoriJunichiKageyamaYoshihiroToyamaYasuhikoTsuuchiMidoriYodenMotoomiOhkawaToyosatoTamaiMasatadaTanabeFour cases of afferent loop obtruction were reported. Billroth II reconstruction was performed in two patients and Roux-Y reconstruction was performed in the other two patients after gastrectomy. Three of four patients complained of jaundice. CT and ultrasonography showed a dumbell-shaped cystic mass anterior to the abdominal aorta on the transverse image, and a cystic mass between the superior mesenteric vessels and the abdominal aorta on saggital view. These patients were not surgical candidates because of their poor condition. We performed the drainage of the afferent loop via a percutaneus transhepatic biliary catheter as a palliative treatment. In one case the serum bilirubin and amylase level decreased to normal range and the patient survived for 80 days. The other two patients died on the 12th and 28th day after the procedure. One patient is currently alive 20 days after the drainage procedure with improvement of clinical symptoms, serum bilirubin and amylase levels.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989CTによる膵癌の大血管浸潤の評価―血管造影所見・手術所見との対比―3741ENNobuyukiHosokawaMasatadaTanabeMotoomiOhkawaToyosatoTamaiKanjiKojimaJunichiKageyamaYasuhikoTsuuchiYoshihiroToyamaYasutaneMoriMidoriYodenA new method of factor analysis has been devised as a dynamic study in nuclear medicine. Instead of whole sequence factor analysis of images, partially-sequenced images of Kr-81m pulmonary ventilation scintigrams, acquired with respiratory-gated signals, were analysed using this method. Incrementing the first and last frame number of the image sequence, the motion of the factor images, was obtained including diaphragmatic images, thoracic images and physiological pathological dead space, during one respiratory cycle. The varying form of the correlation between two factor images over time provided a distinguishable pattern of patients with pathological conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disese from normal subjects.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989Partial Sequence Factor Analysisによる肺機能解析3136ENAkiraTachikawaMasatadaTanabeA new method of factor analysis has been devised as a dynamic study in nuclear medicine. Instead of whole sequence factor analysis of images, partially-sequenced images of Kr-81m pulmonary ventilation scintigrams, acquired with respiratory-gated signals, were analysed using this method. Incrementing the first and last frame number of the image sequence, the motion of the factor images, was obtained including diaphragmatic images, thoracic images and physiological pathological dead space, during one respiratory cycle. The varying form of the correlation between two factor images over time provided a distinguishable pattern of patients with pathological conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disese from normal subjects.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989肝細胞癌に対するTranscatheter arterial embolization後の(67)Gaの有用性2529ENMasatadaTanabeIchirohHinoToyosatoTamaiMotoomiOhkawaKatashiSatohKiichirohMizukawaYoshirohKawaseHiroyukiSeoA Ga-67 study was performed in a 70 years old man who had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). High Ga-67 accumulation previously noted in the HCC lesion was not seen after TAE. These findings may provide important clinical informations regarding success of TAE and regarding as a reference for follow up study.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989左上葉舌区の肺動脈分岐のX線学的検討1723ENMasatadaTanabeHiroyukiSeoKatashiSatohFuminoriGoudaYukikoKawasakiKiichirohMizukawaToyosatoTamaiMasazumiMaedaKenjiNakamuraThe purpose of this study is to estimate the coronal and cross sectional appearance of the branching patterns of the pulmonary artery in the left lingula using pulmonary tomography and computed tomography (CT). Eight specimens were analyzed; five were interlobar type (arising from pars interbobaris) and three were mixed type. The mediastinal type (arising from pars mediastinalis) was not seen. In 75% (segmental), and 50% (subsegmental), the branching patterns were estimated radiologically. With radiological findings, the arteries of mediastinal type run to the upper or mediastinal side of the bronchus and the arteries of the interlober type run outside or out-lowerside of the bronchus. It is difficult to estimate the branching patterns of the pulmonary artery in the left lingula because of the oblique projection of the arteries.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989当院における(67)Ga-citrateシンチグラフィーの施行状況と考察1316ENMasatadaTanabeKiichirohMizukawaIchirohHinoToyosatoTamaiMotoomiOhkawaKatashiSatohHiroyukiSeoIn 98 cases, Ga-67 citrate scintigraphic examination was performed from November 1983 to March 1985 in Kagawa Medical School Hospital. A restrospective evaluation of these cases showed that 38 cases (38.8%) did not meet indication for a Ga-67 study according to HISADA'S criteria. Of these 38 cases a positive Ga-67 uptake was shown in only 5 cases. Although application of Ga-67 detection is limited, many patients appear to receive a Ga-67 study without indication. The expensive Ga-67 study should be performed only in indicative cases.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989dynamic SPECTによる残存肝機能測定の有用性について712ENMasatadaTanabeToyosatoTamaiIchirohHinoKatashiSatohKanjiKojimaMotoomiOhkawaTakashiMaebaSatoshiTanakaA method for evaluating and predicting residual liver function was devised for dynamic single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The ratio of residual volume to total effective liver volume, K value and predictive index using dynamic SPECT were compared with respective values using dynamic planar scintigraphy. The coefficients of correlation were 0.86 (the ratio), 0.91 (K value) and 0.88 (predictive index). The predictive index, measured by dynamic SPECT, was as useful as by dynamic planar scintigraphy. In addition, the resecting line using SPECT was more accurate than using planar scintigraphy. Dynamic SPECT was more useful than dynamic planar scintigraphy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581011-21989組織培養による人癌細胞（悪性線維性組織球腫）の放射線に対する感受性―その1―16ENShojiKawasakiAkifumiMizutaNaokoKashitaniMasahiroKurodaYoshioHirakiKanameAonoJiroSatoTetsuroOginoTakashiNakanishiA human cell line (YU-137) isolated from a bone of malignant fibrous histiocytoma in bone was evaluated using immunofluorescent staining methods. Cell cycle fractions were studied by flow cytometry. The magnitude of G(2)+M fraction in a cell cycle of an exponentially growing population of YU-137 was higher than that observed in HeLa S3 cells. The doubling time of YU-137 cells was 3.2 days. The radiosensitivity of this cell line was compared with HeLa S3 and HMV-1 cells from dose response curves against X-irradiation. The parameters of radiosensitivity of YU-137 against X-irradiation were n=2.0, D(0)=1.05 Gy and D(0)=0.73 Gy. From these data, the radiosensitivity of YU-137 was discussed.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581029-101990頬粘膜癌に対する電子線治療法の検討11671173ENYoshitadaNakagiriHideakiMiyakeKatsuhikoSugitaYasutakaMikamiKeijiInamuraSeiichiMimuraYoshihiroOhkawaYoshihiroTakedaYoshioHirakiTomokazuFujikiKanjiKishiNaotoChiharaElectron beam therapy has often been used for radiation therapy of carcinomas of the buccal mucosa, though side effects including, stomatitis and dermatitis are known to exist. We experimented using the additional back scatter and transit with the phantom under a lead plate within the irradiation field, in order to better focus the dose on the target volume moreover, we fabricated a mouthpiece fitted with a lead plate shaped to the target volume, and with respect to the influence of the mouthpiece on stomatitis and dermatitis, obtained good clinical results.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581025-61990Ehrlich腹水癌細胞およびAdriamycin耐性細胞のRhodamine 123 uptakeを指標としたミトコンドリア活性779788ENYoshioOkazakiThe positively charged fluorescent dye Rhodamine 123 (Rho 123) accumulates in mitochondria. An adriamycin (ADR)-resistant cell line derived from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (wild EATC) was established in our laboratory. Overall mitochondrial activity of wild EATC and ADR-resistant EATC was investigated by the staining method with Rho 123. The uptake of Rho 123 into living cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. The intracellular Rho 123 uptake of ADR-resistant EATC was lower than that of wild EATC. The intracellular Rho 123 uptake of wild EATC increased when cells were treated with cepharanthine (CP). The intracellular Rho 123 uptake of ADR-resistant EATC increased markedly by CP treatment. ADR-resistant EATC cosumed more endogenous oxygen than wild EATC. The energy level of ADR-resistant EATC was discussed.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581025-61990Ehrlich腹水癌細胞におけるAdriamycin耐性とその克服に関する研究679690ENNobuhiroInoueAdriamycin (ADR)-resistant Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (EATC) were established by repeated exposure to ADR. Using these resistant cells, the modification of the killing effect of ADR by hyperthermia and cepharanthine (CEP) was evaluated. The killing effect of ADR depended on the intracellular uptake and retention of ADR. ADR-resistant EATC had an enhanced acquired capacity that increased the efflux of intracellular ADR. Therefore, the intracellular uptake and retention of ADR were decreased. CEP inhibited the efflux of intracellular ADR and increased the intracellular retention of ADR, thereby enhancing the killing effect of ADR. Hyperthermic treatment increased the influx of ADR, but the killing effect of ADR was not enhanced by hyperthermia alone because of the increased efflux of intracellular ADR. However, with the combination of hyperthermia and CEP, hyperthermia accelerated the influx of ADR, and CEP suppressed the efflux of intracellular ADR. Then the intracellular uptake and retention of ADR were further increased, and the killing effect of ADR was markedly enhanced. Thus the combined use of hyperthermia and CEP reduced the resistance to ADR. These findings suggest that ADR resistance in cancer cells can be overcome by the combination of ADR, hyperthermia and CEP.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812232010脈絡膜血管腫に対する放射線治療219223ENSosukeHaradaMitsuhiroTakemotoKoutarouYoshioKatsuhideKojimaNorihisaKatayamaKuniakiKatsuiMasahiroKurodaToshihikoMatsuoSusumuKanazawaPURPOSE: Circumscribed choroidal hemangioma is an uncommon, benign vascular tumor that typically appears in the posterior pole of the eye. Visual acuity loss typically results from its exudation, followed by serous retinal detachment. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of external beam irradiation in treating circumscribed choroidal hemangioma. METHODS: We treated 4 eyes of 4 patients with circumscribed choroidal hemangioma with external beam irradiation at Okayama University Hospital from 2002 to 2009. A total absorbed dose of 20 Gy (beam energy, 4, 10 MV) was applied to each of the 4 patients. Each patient received a single 2-Gy daily fraction for five consecutive days in a week, for two consecutive weeks. RESULTS: In all cases, the retinal detachment showed complete resolution within 8 to 48 days after treatment. A decrease in tumor thickness was observed in all cases except one in which the follow-up period was rather short (3.7 months). The visual acuity improved in all 4 eyes. No eyes showed deterioration of visual acuity. During follow-up periods of 3.7 months to 58.5 months, there were no signs of radiation-induced cataract, retinopathy or optic neuropathy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学温泉研究所Acta Medica Okayama0369-7142121953温泉浴の放射線障碍に及ぼす影響-肝カタラーゼ活性値に見られた変化3033ENToshioOkada10.18926/40430The author investigated the effect of a series of thermal baths of Misasa, (at 37°C for 10 minutes), upon the liver-catalase activity in X-irradiated mice. The thermal baths, following LD 50 dose of X-irradiation (450r) or following a successive X-irradiation of daily 50r for 6 - 25 days decreased the liver-catalase activity more marked than control without baths. On the other hand, thermal baths prior to X-irradiation prevented the fall of liver-catalase activity in the X-irradated mice.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812222010白線ヘルニアの1例：本邦手術症例85例の検討125127ENHideakiMiyasoManabuNishieHiromiIwagakiHirooIshiiIsaoFujitaJunTomodaA 78-year-old woman visited our hospital after developing severe abdominal pain and upper abdominal swelling. An emergency operation was performed following a diagnosis of linea alba hernia with impaction of the falciform ligament of the liver as observed on CT findings. A defect of about 30 mm in diameter was observed in the linea alba, and preperitoneal adipose tissue and the falciform ligament of the liver prolapsed from the location of the defect and were impacted. We resolved the impaction of the falciform ligament of the liver by dissecting it, and we resected the preperitoneal adipose tissue. Simple closure was performed to correct the hernia orifice because the surrounding tissue was relatively rigid and the tension was mild. The patient's condition improved, and she was discharged on the 5th postoperative day.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama12002Detection of defects at BGA solder joints by using X-ray imaging191196ENTetsuhiroSumimotoToshinoriMaruyamaYoshiharuAzumaSachikoGotoMunehiroMondouNoboruFurukawaSaburoOkada<p>In the surface mount technology, a ball grid array (BGA) has been used in the production of PC boards. This paper deals with the detection of defects at BGA solder joints in PC boards by using X-ray imaging. Types of defects at BGA solder joints are solder bridge, missing connection, solder voids, open connection and misregistration of parts. The problems of image analysis for the detection of defects at BGA solder joints are the detection accuracy and image processing time according to the speed of the production line. To get the design data for the development of the inspection system used in the surface mount process, it is important to develop image analysis techniques based on X-ray image data. At the first step of our study, we attempt to detect the characteristics of the solder bridges based on the image analysis technique. </p>
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama22003Development of image analysis for detection of defects of BGA by using X-ray images11311136ENTetsuhiroSumimotoToshinoriMaruyamaYoshiharuAzumaSachikoGotoMunehiroMondouNoboruFurukawaSaburoOkada<p>In the surface mount technology, Ball Grid Array (BGA) has been used in a production of PC boards, because of their excellent characters such as high density of the lead pin pitch, better lead rigidity and self-alignment during re-flow processing. This paper deals with the development of image analysis for the detection of defects at BGA solder joints in PC boards by using X-ray images. In the conventional IC boards, it is possible to detect defects of solder joints by visual inspection, because the lead of IC package is set on its outside. However, we can't detect visually defects at BGA solder joints, because they are hidden under the IC package. In a production line, the inspection of BGA in PC boards depends on the function test of electric circuits in the final process. To improve a cost performance and the reliability of PC boards, an inspection of BGA is required in the surface mount process. Types of defects at BGA solder joints are solder bridge, missing connection, solder voids, open connection and miss-registration of parts. As we can find mostly solder bridge in these defects, we pick up this to detect solder bridge in a production line. The problems of image analysis for the detection of defects at BGA solder joints are the detection accuracy and image processing time according to a line speed of production. To get design data for the development of the inspection system, which can be used easily in the surface mount process, it is important to develop image analysis techniques based on X-ray image data. At the first step of our study, we attempt to detect the characteristic of the solder bridges based on an image analysis. </p>
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X2851974Studies on ferrous ion-induced lipid peroxidation of rat liver mitochondria. I. Effect of inorganic phosphate299310ENGokiYamamotoMasatadaTanabeHiroshiWakabayashiGonosukeHashimotoMichioYamamotoArticle10.18926/AMO/32712<p>Effect of inorganic phosphate on ferrous ion- and
ascorbate-induced lipid. peroxidations of isolated rat liver mitochondria was investigated. As a result it has been shown that phosphate accelerates the ferrous ion.induced lipid peroxidation; namely, phos. phate shortens the induction lag period of the lipid peroxidation reaction but the malondialdehyde after onset of its production is yielded at the same rate in various concentrations of phosphate. On the other hand, phosphate inhibits ascorbate.induced lipid peroxidation. There are stoichiometric interactions between the concentration of phos. phate and the induction period. Oxygen uptake by mitochondria was observed in the presence of both ferrous ion and phosphate at initial step of the reaction without being accompanied by malondialdehyde production, and afterwards there occurred malondialdehyde production with rapid rate of the oxygen uptake. Possible mechanisms and
interactions among ferrous ion, ascorbate and phosphate were discussed.</p>
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2010No Different Sensitivity in Terms of Whole-body Irradiation Between Normal and Acatalasemic MiceENShinyaNakagawaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2010The Spectroscopic Study of Radiation Damages in α-Al(2)O(3)ENZayed Mohammad Saliqur RahmanAbuNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学温泉研究所Acta Medica Okayama0369-7142511981山陰地方の温泉地における環境放射線量について2533ENKatsushiFuruno10.18926/21148Dose rates of environmental radiation were determined with NaI (Tl) cristal scintillation survey meter at Misasa, Sekigane and Ikeda spa areas which were known as radioactive spring in the Sanin districts. The results were as follows ; (1) Dose rates of radiation in the air of outdoor at spa areas of Misasa, Sekigane and Ikeda were
11.8±2.3μR/h, 11.3±2.1μR/h and 18.4±5.8μR/h, respectively. Dose rates of radiation in the air of these spa areas were significantly higher (P<0.01) than at none spa area of Kurayoshi city (8.6±1.2μR/h). Dose rates of radiation in the outdoor air at Misasa and Sekigane tends to increase near the spring sources. (2) In the room where spring water is not used, dose rates of radiation in the air were 9.5～10.5μR/h. Dose rates of radiation in the air of the room with facilities using spring water were determined; peloid therapy room: 13.3±0.5μR/h, Hubbard
bath room : 12.5±0.4μR/h, drinking hall : 11.8±0.7μR/h, hot air bathing room : 18.2±1.7μR/h, usual bath room (Onkensen) : 13.0±1.0μR/h and bath room for patients : 17.9±1.2μR/h (males), 17.0±1.2μR/h (females), respectively. Dose rates of radiation in the air of the bath room of Gunze-hotel and Ohashi-hotel-Gankutsunoyu
were 30.1±9.0μR/h and22.3±3.0μR/h, respectively. At Ikeda spa, dose rates of radiation in the air of the guest room and the bath room were range of 13.0～19.0μR/h and 14.0～23.0μR/h.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山実験動物研究会Acta Medica Okayama151998癌の遺伝子治療1216ENNoriakiTanaka癌抑制遺伝子p53の突然変異や欠損による機能的異常は､多くのヒト癌で普遍的かつ高頻度に認められている｡p53タンパク質の機能の一つとしては､細胞増殖に関するいろいろな遺伝子の発現制御を介した細胞周期の調節が考えられているが､その他に最近アポトーシスの誘導分子としても注目を浴びてきている｡正常型p53遺伝子を有する胃癌､大腸癌では､術前化学療法や放射線療法で癌細胞のアポトーシスが誘導されたが､変異型p53を発現する腫瘍
ではアポトーシスに陥った細胞はほとんど認められなかった｡ヌードマウスの皮下に移植したp53遺伝子に異常を持つヒト肺癌腫瘍にリコンビナント･アデノウイルスベクターを用いて正常型p53遺伝子を導入すると､抗癌剤に対する感受性が劇的に増強し､シスプラチンの腹腔内投与により腫瘍内にアポトーシスによる広範囲な組織破壊が認められた｡この正常型p53発現アデノウイルスベクターとDNA障害性抗癌剤を併用した遺伝子治療は､臨床的にヒト悪性腫癌に応用可能と考えられる｡No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学環境管理センターActa Medica Okayama0917-1533151993岡山市周辺の環境放射線ならびに放射能の調査・研究(I)1322ENMikiroTadaBun-ichiroOnoMunetoshiKanayamaKinjiHachiyaKimiyukiSatohNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学環境管理センターActa Medica Okayama0917-1533161994岡山市周辺の環境放射線ならびに放射能の調査・研究（II）―環境レベルの空間線量からの外部被曝に関する評価―310ENMitsunobuMioMunetoshiKanayamaMikiroTadaBun-ichiroOnoKinjiHachiyaKimiyukiSatohMonitoring of environmental ionizing radiation and radioisotopes in Okayama city and the vicinity was carried out from the point of view of the external radiation from the environmental radiation dose. Although the fluctuation of monthly detected radiation dose throughout the year was rather low at each observation point, the mean value of dose equivalent was varied between the place of observation. From the observation of the distribution of environmental radiation dose in Okayama city, it was assumed that its distribution was well corresponded with the distribution of igneous rocks. The concentrations of radioisotopes in various kinds of rocks corrected in Okayama city and its vicinity were determined. It became apparent that high concentrations of radioisotopes, such as (134)Cs, (40)K, (226)Ra and (228)Th, were detected in igneous rocks, such as granite, gabbro and rhyolitic tuff, although the contents in sedimentary rocks, such as pelite, schist, psammite and limestone, were rather low. This result was in good agreement with that of the distribution of radiation dose in Okayama city.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学環境管理センターActa Medica Okayama0917-1533171995診療用X線検査における撮影条件と被曝線量の関係について―特に腹部検査を対象して―6370ENYoshitadaNakagiriYoshiharuAzumaKoichiSibuyaSachikoGotoToshinoriMaruyamaKatsuhikoSugitaMasayoSonoyamaYasukiMoriokaKeijiInamuraSeijiTaharaHirofumiUnoShigefumiKadohisaTatsuyaInoueYoshioHirakiPatient dose is important consideration in the radiological examination and our environment regarding radiation. Many studies have been published about patient dose, but those data were classified by each organ or tissue. Actuarially, patient dose should be checked by each examined part of patient and each exposure equipment. In this paper, we measured absorbed dose at the depth of 0-200mm with the Mix-DP phantom. The phantom is made by tissue equivalent meterial and is designed to similitude abdominal part. Percentage Depth Dose (PDD) was calculated from these doses. Three single-phase generators and three three-phases generators were used in this measurement. These measurements were analyzed by each equipment, and consequently the clear difference of PDD between the exposure equipments was not found. As the result, we can estimate patient dose at a random depth by using PDD. Furthermore, we can easily know patient dose from the tube-voltage and current time product by the calculation including PDD.These data are very useful to manager patient dose on radiological diagnosis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学環境管理センターActa Medica Okayama0917-1533201998腹部単純X線撮影時の被曝線量―岡山県下の病院の現況―1721ENYoshitadaNakagiriYoshiharuAzumaToshinoriMaruyamaKoichiSibuyaSachikoGotoKatsuhikoSugitaYasukiMoriokaSigefumiKadohisaTatsuyaInoueYoshioHirakiIn 1995, we have published a paper about the basic data on the relation between X-ray exposure equipment and patient dose in Vol. 17 of the Journal "Environment Research and Control". In this time, we questioned hospitals in Okayama Prefecture about exposure equipments of abdomen. And we compared each hospital's exposure equipments with the basic data, calculated each patient dose, then we studied that differences. Various imaging system, for example; screen/film or imaging plate has been used at each hospitals, so that exposure are various and patient doses are very different. The exposure equipment decide that the X-ray photograph is good or bad, so we cannot treat it easily. But we think that we have to try to take X-ray photographs which are suit the purpose of diagnosis which as a small patient dose as possible.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812212010血管腫・血管奇形に対するinterventional radiology5559ENHidefumiMimuraHiroyasuFujiwaraTakaoHirakiHideoGobaraKentaroShibamotoYoshihiroKimataToshifumiOzakiSatoruSasakiSusumuKanazawaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学医学部附属環境病態研究施設, 岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院Acta Medica Okayama0913-3771601989当院における大腸検査の検討 ―過去3年間のデータの分析―100102ENTsuneoAkiyamaMutsuoNakaiKojiOchi10.18926/19832No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155868101956癌組織GlycerophosphataseおよびArginase作用におよぼすレ線の影響について16451650ENM.KandaY.NakanishiK.MimuraM.YamamotoExperimental studies in vitro of the influence of X-ray irradiation on decomposing action of the glycerol extract of alkaline glycerophosphatase and arginase derived from the tissues of cervical cancer of the uterus and the musclature of the healthy uterine fundus have been attempted and the results obtained were reported as follows : 1. It has been shown that the cancerous tissue of cervic uteri contained more phosphoric acid and urea than the musclature of the normal fundus uteri. 2. It was found that the action of alkaline phosphatase and arginase of the uterine cancer tissue demonstrated stronger action than those of the tissue of fundus uteri. 3. Decomposing action of alkaline glycerophosphatase and arginase of the cancerous tissue of cervix uteri and the musclature of fundus could be suppressed when the enzymic extracts were irradiated and its effect was most pronounced with 300 r irradiation dosage. 4. Suppressing action of the alkaline glycerophosphatase when irradiated with X ray on the enzymic extracts of uterine carcinomatous tissue and fundus musclature, the malignant tissue would be more effective than the normal muscle tissue, while, the suppressing effect of the arginase, irradiated effect on enzymic extracts showed variation according to the dosage, but with 300 r, the effect was far more on the enzymic extract of the cancerous tissue.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学医学部附属環境病態研究施設, 岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院Acta Medica Okayama09133771591988放射線業務におけるパソコン活用97101ENMutsuoNakaiTsuneoAkiyama10.18926/19773No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学医学部附属環境病態研究施設, 岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院Acta Medica Okayama09133771591988放射線室における患者，検査の推移について ―患者数・件数・撮影枚数―9396ENTsuneoAkiyamaMutsuoNakai10.18926/19772No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学医学部附属環境病態研究施設, 岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院Acta Medica Okayama09133771571986東芝BV型XTV装置を併用したANGIO graphy systemの使用経験（第2報 立体拡大撮影システム）6166ENTsuneoAkiyamaMutsuoNakaiKishioMatsushima10.18926/19697我々は，既設の消化管診断用X線TV装置（東芝BV型）を使用した立体拡大撮影システムを検討した。1．消化管診断用X線TV装置の透視天板の高さが一定であるため，従来のフィルムチェンジャー（AOT）では不可能であったが，上下動可能なフィルムチェンジャー（福放FC-10L特）を改良試作したことで最大2倍までの立体拡大撮影が可能となった。2．透視観察から撮影へ，コンタクト撮影から拡大連続撮影，立体撮影から立体拡大連続撮影へと併用して行うことが非常に簡単にできて被検者の負担軽減と多目的使用が可能となった。3．観察条件と立体感については，拡大率を変化させて，その立体感について検討した結果は、観察距離については，各拡大率における立体視しやすい距離は存在し，拡大率が2倍の場合には，観察距離を大きくするほど立体感も増加し，立体視し易い傾向が示された。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学医学部附属環境病態研究施設, 岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院Acta Medica Okayama09133771571986東芝BV型XTV装置を併用したANGIO graphy systemの使用経験（第1報 下肢連続撮影装置）5660ENMutsuoNakaiTsuneoAkiyamaKishioMatsushima10.18926/19693消化管診断用X線TV装置の天板機能を改良し，種々のフィルムチェンジャー，X線管球を組み合わせることにより，中規模病院において，スペース，経費などの点で有利な，血管造影システムを組むことができた。第1報では，このうち，下肢連続撮影システムについて紹介する。1．透視から造影まで，迅速に移行できるシステムとなった。2．スペース，経費の点で有利である。3．濃度補償については，LS-Ⅱ増感紙と，1.0cmエッジフィルターにより，体型によらず，全下肢にわたり，十分な補償効果が得られる。4．さらに長い長尺カセッテの開発が望まれる。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558715-11959放射線障碍の本態に関する実験的研究 第1編 放射線照射の血球に及ぼす組織化学的変化に就いて23932398ENMichioYamamotoSoichiNishishitaRyoAndoShigeoNobukiIzumiTukamotoTadasiHasigamiKeikoAkagiMasahiroWakimotoKokiYamamotoThere are many studies on radiation disturbances but as for the causative factor of the disturbances it is vaguely considered to be the disorders of the hematopoietic organs and still it is uncertain whether such disturbances are due to the primary or the secondary factor, However, in our experiments we have come across the evidence indicating that such disorders can be induced even by an indirect causative factor. Following upon this point, we have studied the problem from histochemical standpoint of blood cells and have clarified that various substances what may be called toxic granules are produced during X-ray irradiation. Therefore, with the purpose to find an aid in the diagnosis of radiation disturbances as well as a clue in the elucidation of the causative factor we performed the present experiment by pursuing the relationship between the radition disturbance and the dosage of X-rays.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587081958子宮頸癌の放射線感受性に関する研究 特に転移淋巴節に就いて30293040ENMakioOmuraPreoperative roentgen-irradiation (unilaterally 1-12 times) treatment was given to 216 cases with cervical carcinoma, and 24 hours after the completion of irradiation Okabayashi's radical extensive hysterectomy was performed. The author studied the irradiation susceptibility of metastased cancer cells by comparing the original site of cancer with metastased lesions and the metastatic irradiated side with non-irradiated side, with a special emphasis on the mitosis of cancer cells. As for the significance between C.P.L. type (Imai) of the primary cancer and the metastatic foci, the change in the mitotic picture due to roentgen irradiation in C-type metastatic foci is significantly greater than that in L-type metastatic foci; and therefore, the irradiation susceptibility in C-type can be said higher. Namely, in this instance the irradaation susceptibility and the prognosis have the same tendency. As for the relationship between Nagase's classification (Types Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ) of the primary cancer and its metastatic foci, the change in mitotic picture due to roentgen irradiation in the case of Type Ⅱ metastatic focus is greater than in Type Ⅰ metastatic focus, and the irradiation susceptibility in Type Ⅱ tends to be higher. In other words, in this instance the irradiation susceptibility is in no way associated with the prognosis. Therefore, it is dangerous to deduce the prognosis from the irradiation susceptibility of cancer cells. Numbers of giant cells appearing due to irradiation increase in proportion to the degree of the destruction of the cancer focus irradiated upon. Therefore, in the observation of dividing cells in the irradiated cancer focus, it is essential to pay attention not only to the change in the number of cells but also to the variety of the degeneration picture. The degree of degeneration in dividing cells increases in propoetion to the irradiation amount, and by a irradiation more than 1,300 r (deep dosis) the mitotic picture changes markedly, thus bringing about the cell disintegration. On applying an irradiation tube on the anterior surface, its lower margin is placed just above the pubic symphysis, and its inner margin is about 2 cm. outside the medial line; and on applying it on the posterior or lateral side, its lower margin is placed on both greater trochanters; and from the posterior side it is irradiated at the angle 20℃ to the side of the head. In other words, it is believed that main lymph nodes in the pelvis are almost all equally irradiated by irradiation at the sites mentioned above.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587081958子宮頸癌の放射線感受性に就いて30013011ENMasaakiMiyakeSince Broders and Martzlff's report on the relation of irradiation susceptibility of the cervical carcinoma with the prognosis, there appeared many studies on the same subject by various investigators. And with the recent reports on the C.P.L. classification and Nagase's classification it has become clearly established that there is a close relationship between the irradiation susceptibility and prognosis. In the present paper are presented the results of observations on histological changes, especially changes in the mitotic picture and the appearance of giant cells, in the tissue specimens prepared before and after irradiation from 205 operable cases with cervical carcinoma, who had been treated with irradiation (mainly bard roentgen and some by radium irradiation) and then operated on by Okabayashi's method during the periodfrom August 1956 to December 1957, and also presented are comparative studies of these results with the CPL classification and Nagase's classification. 1) The histological changes turn generally markedly with incresed amount of radiation, but the change observable in each individual case reveals a marked individualistic difference, yet showing not necessarily any parallelism in the histologicai change with the amount of radiation within the surface dosis of 3,600 r. 2) No specific relationship exists between the histological change and the C.P.L. classification or Nagase's classification. 3) As for the change in the mitotic picture, the normal mitosis is rapidly diminished by irradiation, finally disappearing completely with the increase in the amount of radiation, while on the contrary abnormal mitosis is markedly enhanced by irradiation. 4) As for the relationship between the change in the mitotic picture and the C.P.L. classification, in the case given six roentgen irradiations (surface dosis of 1,800 r.) there is no significant relationship, but in the cases given 12 rounds of irradiation (surface dosis of 3,600 r.) the change in Type C is greater than that in Type L. 5) As regrads the relationship between the chang in the mitotic picture and Nagase's classification, no specific relationship can be recgonized in the cases administered with 6 rounds of irradiation an increase in the appearance of abnormal mitosies in Type Ⅰ is more pronounced than that in Type Ⅱ or Type Ⅲ. 6) Giant cells appear increasingly after six rounds or more of irradiation; and in the cases given 12 rounds of irradiation they appear significantly more numerously in Type C according to the CPL classification while more significantly in Type Ⅰ according to Nagase's classification. The actions of irradiation on cancer tissue may be roughly divided into a direct action on cancer cells and an indirect action derived from the influences on the local interstitial tissues and on the systemic metabolism. However, it seems that the irradiadiation susceptivility first of all and subsequently the problem related the prognosis can be solved only when these direct and indirect actions are summarily studied.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587081958膣内容による子宮頸癌の放射線感受性に関する研究29873000ENYoshioIkenoueBy giving preoperative roentgen-Irradiation treatment to 225 operable cases of cervical carcinoma, admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Medical School, from August 1, 1956 to December 31, 1957, and later operated upon by Okabayashi's radical extensive hysterectomy, the author carried out the following observations: Namely, by observing changes in the T.P.T. cell count due to roentgen irradiation; the degree of changes in cancer tissue; and R.M. Graham's sensitization response and radiation reaction, and after studying mutual relationship of these, the author obtained the following results. 1. It seems possible to know the roentgen susceptibility of the cancer by observing the manner of the increase brought about by roentgen irradiation in T.P.T. cell count in the vaginal contents. 2. The sensitization response is in no way involved in the cancer-tissue change due to roentgen irradiation, and it seems that the sensitization response is not representing the roentgen susceptibility of the cancer. 3. Radiation reaction fluctuates well correspondingly with the cancer-tissue change brought about by roentgen irradiation, and it seems that the radiation reaction represents the roentgen susceptibility of the cancer. 4. It has been possible to clarify the inter-relationship in the results of Ukida, A. Glucksmann, and R. M. Grahdm, and also it has been possible to explain them without discrepancy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558737-91961運動負荷が放射線障害に及ぼす影響に関する実験的研究 第2編 放射線照射直前又は照射後の運動負荷が,生存率,体重変化に及ぼす影響579587ENKazumaOkahiraC(57)-Black female mi^e were divided into the next 7 groups for the purpose of examining the effects of the exhaustive physical exercise before and after the irradiation. Group 1. Exercised for 30 minutes directly before the irradiation (RE pre-30 m.) Group 2. Exercised for 1 hour directly before the irradiation (RE pre-1h)Group 3. Exercised for 2 hours directly before the irradiation (RE pre-2h) Group 4. Exercised for 1 hour after the irradiation (RE post) This exercise was continued for 30 days at the rate of 1 hour per day and 6 days per week after irradiation. Group 5. Exercised control (EC) This exercise was the similar as that in Group 4 Group 6. Radiated control (RC) Group 7. "Thyradin" injected (TR) "Thyradin" (thyroid preparation) was injected 0.2 c. c. (contains 10γ of iodine) per 10 grams of body weight, and then the animals were exposed to X-ray on the 7th day after irradiation. Exercised groups were made to run in the cylindrical tread-mill (80 cm in circumference, 8 rotations per minute, i.e. the animals have to run at a speed of 6.4 m per minute). Irradiated groups received 600 r, 660 r and 840 r of X-ray at 99 r per minute. Gas analyses were done in order to evaluate the metabolic level of the exercise on one mouse in each group which was made to run in another tread-mill of the same diameter, rotating in the same speed as one described above, and located in an air-tight chamber shown in fig. 1. The air sample from this chamber was analysed with Scholander's apparatus. This results are as follows: 1) The metabolism increased by the exercise showing 33.85 % (mean) increased of the oxygen consumption. 2) The metabolism was accelerated gradually by the "Thyradin" treatment arriving the maximum arround the 6th day after the injection, showing 42.99 % of the increase of oxygen consumption. 3) The survival rate in the groups which were exercised before the irradiation was higher than that in the group of radiated control and the group exercised after the irradiation. The difference of the survival rate detween the groups exercised bafore the irradiation and the groups exercised after the irradiation was significant (P<0.05). 4) The survival rate in the groups which were exercised before the irradiation was not in proportion to the quantity of the exercise before the irradiation. 5) The metabolism was increased by the injection of "Thyradin" and lowered the survival rate. 6) The weight in the group of radiated control dropped down day by day, but in the group exercised before the irradiation began to recover after three weeks of irradiation. 7) The weight in the group injected "Thyradin" decrease extremely 2 weeks after the irradiation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558737-91961運動負荷が放射線障害に及ぼす影響に関する実験的研究 第1編 放射線照射後の連続的運動負荷が生存率,体重変化及び血液諸成分に及ぼす影響553578ENKazumaOkahiraGuinea pigs were divided into the next four groups for the purpose of examining the effects of exhaustive physical exercise and fatigue after exposing to X-ray. (1) Non treated group (C) (2) Exercised control group (EC) (3) Radiated control group (RC) (4) Radiated exercised group (RE) The X-ray apparatus was operated at. 200 KV, 15 mA, 0.5 mm Copper and 0.5 mm Alminium filtration, 50 cm focus target distance. The dose was 200 r of. X-ray whole body irradiation in dose rate of 80.6 r/min (in the air). Subjects of this experiment were given 30 successive days of swimming at the rate of 30 minutes per day and 5 days per week. The results are as follows: (1) The 30 days survival rate of RE was lower than that of RC. (2) The decreasing rate of the body weight in RE was a little higher than that in RC. (3) The prolongation of the blood clotting time in RE was greater than that in RC. (4) The decreasing rate of red cell count in RE was a little higher than that in RC. In both groups the decreasing rate was the highest on the 14th day after the treatment. (5) The decreasing rate of hemoglobin content in RE was a little higher than that in RC. In both groups the decreasing rate was the highest on the 14th day after the treatment. (6) Reticulocyte count in RE and RC decreased in the beginning, but increased extremely on the 21st day after treatment. Its increasing and decrasing rate in RE was little different from that in RC. (7) The increasing rate of Heinz body in RE was higher than that in RC. (8) The decresing rate of white cell count in RE was not significantly different from that in RC. In both groups the white cell count was at minimum on the 14th day after treatment. (9) Concerning the classification of white cell, i.e. basophile., eosinophile-, neutrophile leucocyte, lymphocyte and monocyte, RE was not significantly different from RC. (10) About the changes of plasma proteins, a) The total protein in RC decreased a little in the beginning, but slightly increased in the latter period. That in RE showed little change in the beginning, and slightly increased in the latter period. Difference between RE and RC was not significant, b) A/G ratio did not change much in the beginning in RC as well as RE, but in the latter period it decreased in RC while increased in RE. c) Albumin didn't show much change in the beginning both in RC and RE, but it decreased a little in the latter period where as in RC it increased in RE. d) α-globulin in RC and RE increased a little after the treatment. Difference between RC and RE was not significant. e) β-globulin in RC decreased a little in the beginning, but increased in the latter period. On the contrary in RE, it decreased extremely in the latter period. f) Fibrinogen in RC and RE increased. Difference between RC and RE was not significant. g) γ-globulin n RC and RE decreased in the beginning. That in RC increased extremely, while in RE continued to decrease in the latter period.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587021958放射線の家兎骨髄体外組織培養に及ぼす影響に関する研究 第3編 「レ」線の家兎骨髄体外液体培養に及ぼす影響に就て399411ENSeishiHashimotoUsing adult rabbits, the author performed the bone-marrow tissue cultures in fluid medium from the rabbits irradiated repeatedly and systemically with 100r of X-ray irradiation, 24-42 times; 300r, 10 times; and 1,000r once only and observed for the periods of 1-30 days; and obtained the following results. 1) In the group repeatedly irradiated wiht 100r X-ray, both the rate of increase of erythrocyte count as well as that of hemoglobin count decreased markedly. 2) In the group subjected to the irradiation of 3000r, the rate of erythrocyte count and that of hemoglobin count likewise decreased markedly. 3) In the group receiving a single irradiation of 1,000r, the rate of erythrocyte count and that of hemoglbin count decreased gradually along with the lapse of time, and both values reached their minimum on the tenth day while by the thirtieth day both were found to be at the normal. 4) In the repeated irradiations as mentioned above, the erythropoietic function is disturbed in parallel with the function of hemoglobin synthesis, whereas in the group subjected to a single irraiation of 1,000r X-ray, the erythropoietic function seems to be affected more markedly than the function of hemoglbin synthesis. Therefore, in the case receiving smaller doses it is assumed that the erythropoietic function is affected prior to the function of hemoglobin synthesis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587021958放射線の家兎骨髄体外組織培養に及ぼす影響に関する研究 第2編 放射性同位元素P(32)の家兎骨髄体外被覆培養に及ぼす影響に就て383397ENSeishiHashimotoBy injecting 3 mc/kg of radio isotope P(32) once only and observed for the periods of 1-14 days and to other group 800 μc/kg once and observing for the periods of 1-30 days, the author performed cultures of the bone marrow from these rabbits in coverslips and obtained the following results. 1) In the group irradiated with P(32) 3 mc/kg, the relative growth rate, cell density and the wandering velocity of pseudoeosinophils all decreased strikingly; while in the group receiving P(32) 800 μc/kg, these values were found all increased. Namely, in the case receiving a large dosage of P(32) irradiation, the white corpuscle series of the bone marrow show marked disturbances while in the case subjected to a small dosage of the irradiation it is stimulated. 2) The increase in the cell proliferation in the case irradiated with such an amount of P(32) as to cause stimulation seems to precede the increase in the cell functions. 3) Therefore, judging these results along with those in report Ⅰ, the cell proliferation seems to be more sensitive to the irradiation than the cell functions. 4) As the cell proliferation tends to be affected prior to the cell functions in the both irradiations so far described, the influences of P(32) irradiation on the bone marrow seem not to differ essentially to any great extent from those of X-ray irradiation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587021958放射線の家兎骨髄体外組織培養に及ぼす影響に関する研究 第1編 「レ」線の家兎骨髄体外被覆培養に及ぼす影響に就て369381ENSeishiHashimotoWith the use of adult rabbits, the author performed the bonemarrow culture in coverslips and obtained from the rabbits irradiated repeatedly and systemically with 100r of X-ray 24-41 times, and 300r of X-ray ten times, and 1,000r of X-ray once and observed the bone marrow from respective groups during the periods ranging 1-30 clays after the irradiation. The results are described in the following. 1) In the group receiving repeatedly and systemically the irradiation of 1000r of X-ray the relative growth rate, cell density, the wandering velocity of pseudoeosinophils all decreased markedly. 2) In the group given the irradiation of 300r X-ray, no sign whatsoever could be recognized as regards the relative growth rate, cell density and the wandering velocity of pseudoeosinophils; and the bone marrow presented aplasia. 3) In the group receiving 1,000r of X-ray irradiation once only, the relative growth rate, cell density and the wandering velocity of pseudoeosinophils all docreased gradually lower with the lapse of time; and all the values presented their minimum on the tenth day but on the thirtieth day it was found that they were all rather increased. 4) Of the disturbances in the bone marrow due to the X-ray irradiation. in the groups receiving repeated irradiation the cell proliferation was disturbed in direct proportion to those of the cell function. In the group receiving a single irradiation of 1,000r, the cell proliferation was disturbed on the second day but it seemed to have a tendency to precede the disturbances of the cell functions. Therefore, it is assumed that in the case receiving a small dose of X-ray irradiation the cell proliferation of bone marrow is disturbed earlier, and the cell functions are diminished later.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155875101963網内系機能と悪性腫瘍並びに放射線との関係に就いて 第2編 実験腫瘍（吉田肉腫），網内系，放射線との相関に就いて965979ENMasatadaTanabeVol. Ⅰ The effect given to the blood picture and the function of the reticulo-endothelial system using reticulo-endothelial system blocked by the Indian ink method and also the tumor growth, survival rates and metastasis after transplanting Yoshida sarcoma cells intramusclarlly in the albino-rat thigh were examined. Experiment was done to find out the relations between the reticulo-endothelial system and the latter, which the results were as follows: 1) As formerly reported, the reticulo-endothelial system blocked by the Indian ink method showed anaemia by a certain quantity of ink but it passed by and restored gradually. It showed parallel relation with the function of the reticulo-endothelial system. 2) If the ink was small in quantity, it did not give much effects to tumor growth though the function of the reticulo-endothelial system was low. 3) The reticulo-endothelial system blocked by the Indian ink method had a connection with the growth of tumor to some extent and gave pictures which accelerated its growth. And stromal reaction near the tumor was weak. 4) Using the reticulo-endothelial system blocked by the Indian ink method, the appearance of the reticulo-endothelial cells in the tumor tissue was less compared with the control. Vol. Ⅱ Chapter 1 To prove the reaction on the X-rays of the reticulo-endothelial system and tumor growths, the author made an experiment based on the idea of tumor-host relationship. X-rays, 600r a day continuing 5 days totalling 3000r, were irradiated into the tumor bed, albino-rat thigh, and then Yoshida sarcoma cells were transplanted on the irradiated part. The influence against tumor growth, survival rates and metastasis were examined and the effects were found as follows: 1) Compared with the control, the tumor growths were restrained in the order of transplanted groups of the next day after irradiation, transplanted groups of 10 days after irradiation, and transplanted groups of 30 days after irradiation. With the survival rates, life extension could be recognized in the same order. 2) Stromal reaction could be strongly found in pre-irradiated groups, especially in these being transplanted the next day. Reticulo-endothelial cells could be found many compared with the control. Above all, it could be presumed that in case of preoperative irradiation, the part of reticulo-endothelial cells which has not been infiltrated by tumor cells shows protection system by stromal reaction. Chapter 2 When the tumor which was transplanted by Yoshida sarcoma cells became a regular induration; the size, the rise and fall, and the survival rates were examined by irradiating 300r a day for 10 days totalling 3000r. The effect showed that when the function of the reticulo-endothelial system which is one of the living body reaction was irradiated after it was restrained, the irradiation effect was less than the non-treated group. Consequently if the function of the reticulo-endothelial system would be irradiated after it was accelerated, it would obtain satisfactory result to medical treatments.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155875101963網内系機能と悪性腫瘍並びに放射線との関係に就いて 第1編 墨汁塡塞に依るラッテの血液像，網内系機能並びに吉田肉腫接種後の腫瘍発育，生存率，転移形成に及ぼす影響に就いて959964ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558725-71960放射線照射時に発生する溶血性物質に就いて 第二編 溶血性物質の定性的研究並びに生物作用に就いて15611567ENEikoAkagiThe cause of irradiation anemia seems to lie in biological phenomena as well as in hemolytic toxin produced by X-Ray irradiation. It has been confirmed that since phospholipid fraction in vivo shows strong toxicity in direct proportion to the dose of X-rays, the actual hemolytic substance is lysolecithin. This substance is proved to give rise to marked morphological changes in hematopoietic organs, and it has also been clarified that the same substance acting on sea-urchin egg brings about a delay in egg division. However the same snbstance does not induce any striking change in the respiratory enzyme system.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558725-71960X線照射家兎肝より抽出せる不飽和脂肪酸分画 (OX) の筋肉内移植吉田肉腫細胞のコハク酸脱水素活性に及ぼす影響について15551560ENYoshikoIguchiIn order to study influences of OX on the activity of succinic dehydrogenase in Yoshida sarcoma cells transplanted intramusculrally in the albino-rat thigh, the author injected OX intra-tumorally or intravenously into tumor bearing rats and carried out biochemical and histochemical investigations. The results are as follows: 1. In the cases given direct, intratumoral injection of OX, the activity of succinic dehydrogenase in Yoshida sarcoma cells thus transplanted is decreased, and it recovers very slowly but the same activity in muscle tissues recovers more rapidly. 2. In the histochemical observations when OX is injected intratumorally, central necrosis is increased and also a marked enlargement of bionecrotic foci occurs, but in the outer-most layer colonies of proliferative cells can be recognized. 3. When OX is injected intravenously into tumor bearing rats, the activity of the dephydrogenase is rather increased in tumor tissue, and the part where such increase occurred ultimately tends to become necrotic. In addition, the author discussed briefly about the relation between these changes in the activity of dehydrogenase and OX.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558725-71960X線照射時に発生せる細胞毒の研究について 第二編 X線照射家兎より抽出した不飽和脂肪酸分画のEhrlich腹水癌のコハク酸脱水素系に於ける形態学的変化並びに生体内反応について14391444ENMidoriShiakuIn Part 1. the author investigatad the effects of the unsaturated fatty acid fraction extracted from the rabbit liver after x-ray irradiation on the succinic dehydrogenase system in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and in the normal rabbit liver, and it was concluded that although this fraction does not greatly affect the normal liver cells, at a higher concentration it seems to induce cell degeneration which in turn results in a decrease in the respiratory enzyme activity. In the present experiment the author studied the morphological changes brought about by this substance in Ehrlich ascites tumor cell and the in vivo changes induced by it in the succinic dehydrogenase system. In conducting this experiment the results obtained by Yamamoto et al. of our department were referred to. With respect to the morphological changes in the tumor cells, it was observed that this substance acting for a short period of time will accelerate the respiratory enzyme activity transiently while when acting for a longer period, it decreases the activity. These findings agree more or less well with the results in Part 1. Even in the in vivo reactions the respiratory enzyme activity in the tumor cells is elevated temporarily and when acting for a longer period of time this substance decreases the activity. From these findings it is concluded that this substance does elevate the respiratory enzyme activity transiently but when it acts for a longer period of time, it seems to bring about a fall in the activity and further acting directly on the respiratory enzymes it induces the disorder in respiration.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155875101963胃癌に合併せる装甲心の2例について799804ENMichioYamamotoSoichiNishishitaTakeruShiakuRecently we have been two stomach cancer patients complicating armoured pericard. These two cases are diagnosed by X-ray examination as "armoured pericard" which would be easily differentiated from calcification of mediastinal pleura etc. by means of lateral or oblique projection radiography and tomography, and could be fit for gastrectomy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558725-71960放射線照射家兎肝より抽出せる細胞毒のウニの受精及び卵割に与える影響について13071311ENSatimaruSenoMichioYamamotoKozoUtsumiMidoriShiwakuEikoAkagiYoshikoIguchiJunichiKobayashiHisakoUenoThe effects of the OX substance, which was extracted from the liver of irradiated rabbits, on the sperm and egg, unfertilized and fertilized eggs of sea urchin (Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus) have been observed. 1. The sperms exposed to OX showed a decreased mortility and lost the ability to stimul to the egg to raise up fertilizing membrane suggesting the inability of giving physical shock to the egg surface or the damage of acrosome. 2. The unfertilized eggs exposed to OX retain the ability of the formation of fertiliging membrane and cleavage but showed remarkable delay in both the length of time for the membrane formation and cleavage. 3. The most sensitive effects on the fertilized eggs have been observed on the initial stage of fusion of sperm and egg nuclei and the metaphase. Immediately after the fertilization in the egg exposed to OX the fusion of sperm and egg nuclei was inhibited and in the cells on metaphase the cleavage was delayed by the prolonged period of transition from metaphase to telophase. 4. From the results with the consideration of the effects of X-rays on cleavage appearing in the past report the authors concluded the OX will be the essential substance representing the effects of X-rays on the cell cleavage.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558757-91963胃細網肉腫症の一例743746ENTakeruShiakuKeichiroOginoKanameAonoYoshihiroHadaA case of primary reticulum cell sarcoma of the stomach was reported. The patient was a fifty-four year old housewife, with the chief complaints of epigastric pain and anorexia. The roentgen manifestations were consistent with gastric cancer, and total gastrectomy was performed. The lesion was localized in the stomach and histological examination revealed reticulum cell sarcoma.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587241960皮下移植吉田腫瘍細胞のDNA量及びMitotic phaseに対するOX物質の影響について12691274ENYoshikoIguchiAfter transplanting Yoshida sarcoma cells under the skin of the thigh of hybrid mice, the author injected 0.2cc of 2% unsaturated fatty acid fraction (denominated as OX substance) intramuscularly and observed the changes in the histological picture, in the mitotic phase as well as the changes in the quantity of DNA per cell, along with the lapse of time, and obtained the following results. 1. The histological pictures revealed the phenomena such as an increase in necrotic foci, a general diminution in stainability and indistinct cell boundary. 2. In counting the number of those cells with a relatively strong activity in cancer foci at various mitotic phases, it has been found that from 6 to 12 hours after the OX injection the number of the cells in metaphase is decreased and from 24 hours on the number of such cells approaches the normal. 3. In the estimation of DNA content per cell, from 6 to 12 hours after the OX injection the number of the cells undergoing a relatively active proliferation but with a decreased DNA content tends to increase but after 24 hours the content per cell approaches the normal level.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558757-91963最近我々の遭遇せる食道裂孔ヘルニアの3例に就いて739742ENMichioYamamotoSoichiNishishitaKanameAonoMasatadaTanadaThere are sometimes patients of oesophageal hiatus hernia who visit our clinic complaining gastrointestinal disturbances similiar to stomach cancer or gastric ulcer and symptoms of breast disease. Recently we came upon three of these cases so as would like to report.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587241960X線照射時に発生せる細胞毒の研究について 第一編 X線照射家兎より抽出した不飽和脂肪酸分画のEhrlich腹水癌,正常肝のコハク酸脱水素系に及ぼす影響について12031208ENMidoriShiakuThere are many investigations on the disturbances caused by x-rays but these works are consisted mainly of histo-morphological researches and rerely from the viewpoint of the acting mechanism of cells. More recently Lea, Barron et al, however, have studied the histochemical changes in the animals irradiated with x-rays and they have clarified the direct action of x-ray irradiation to a certain extent. In our laboratory Dr. Yamamoto has succeeded in isolating a certain cytotoxin from unsaturated fatty acid fraction, an extract of the liver of the rabbits exposed to x-rays. In the subsequent studies with this cytotoxin it has been found that this substance has an inhibitory action on the mitosis of tumor cells. Therfore, we have carried out a series of experiments to see the effect of this substance, in the presence of succinic dehydrogenase, on the respiration of Ehrlich-ascites-tumor cells. As the result it has been confirmed that this cytotoxin possesses an action as to depress both the respiration of the cancer cell and that of normal liver cells.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587241960放射線照射家兎肝より抽出せる細胞毒のウニ卵及び精子に与える影響について11971201ENSatimaruSenoMichioYamamotoKozoUtsumiMidoriShiakuKeikoAkagiYoshicoIguchiHisakoUenoThe effect of unsaturted fatty acid fraction from the liver of irradiated animal on fertilization and cell division of sea urchin egg (Hemicentrotas tulcherrimus) have been observed. The sperms exposed to the substance for 5 minutes decrease in their mortility and lost the fertilization acivitity resuting in the lose of their ability for the formation of fertilizing membrae in eggs. The eggs exposed to this substance after fertilization present the stop or the delay in their cleavage. Such an action on eggs becomes marked when the concentration of this substance increases. The most susceptible stage seems to be the metaphase at which the chromosoms are arrested on the equatolial plate loosing the tendency to move toward the poles. These effects of this substace can be seen even after removing the peroxide as equally in the original substance.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587231960癌組織中の溶血性細胞毒に就いて995998ENMichioYamamotoSigeoNobukiTakeruSiakuKeikoAkagiMidoriSiakuYosikoIgutiJunichiTanimotoSumikazuKojimaIn 1959 we discovered that a hemolytic, anemia-inducing substance is produced in the animals exposed to X-rays. Since then we have found that when this substnce is injeted intravenously into animals, there occur disturbances in the blood, spleen and bone marrow. And also it has become clear that this substance brings about Heinz's body appearance in erythrocytes. As Heinz's body also appears in cancer anemia and it is transformed into hemolysin, it may be assumed that the hemolytic, anemia-inducing substance is contained also in cancer tissue. Upon such assumption we have compared the hemolytic capacity of the extract obtained from the fresh gastric cancer tissue resscted at operation with that of the extract from normal gastric tissue. As the result, we have recognized that this hemolytic, anemia-inducing substance is contained considerably in cancer tissue.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587231960工ールリッヒ癌に及ぼすOXの影響に就いて951958ENMotoyaItamiIn view of the fact that there may be two possible actions in radiation distrurbaces in vivo, namely, one acting directly and the other acting indirectly, and on the assumption that these actions, persisting quite a long time after irradiation, induce specific substance in the irradiated nimals, Yamamoto of our department, has succeeded in isolating unsaturated fatty acid substance (OX) specific to the irradiated animals. With the purposa to find out what influences this substance (OX) will have on Ehrlich's ascites tumor cell, the author studied its effect on the number, mitotic phases and DNA ontents of the cancer cells. Test animals used are 80 mice each wighing about 15-20g. To these animals 0.2cc cell suspension of Ehrlich's ascites tumor cell is transplanted intraperitoneally and one week after the transplantation 0.2cc of 2%-, 1%-, 0.5%- OX substance is injected intrapeitoneally to these animals. By observing the changes in the cell counts, mitotic phase, and the DNA contents in each cell (with spectrophotometry) at the intervals of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 hours after the injection of OX substance, and the following results were obtained: The number of cancer cells has been found markedly decreased; nomely, after one hour it is down to 78 per cent of the original count; down to 44per cent after 9 hours; and clown to 46.2 per cent after 24 hours. As for the mitotic phases, metaphase, anaphase telophase have been increased and the number of cells undergoing mitosis is diminished. Moreover, as for the DNA contents per cell, there can be observed an increase ni the number of cells with a markedly small amount of DNA, while the cells undergoing duplication due to mitosis have been found decreased in number. From these facts it is concl ded that OX substance acts on Ehrlich's ascites tumor cells as to induce the following disturbances: (1) cell destruction, (2) impairment of the activity in mitotic apparatus, (3) disturbance of the DNA synthesis, and (4) elicits atypical cell divistion.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587410-121962装甲心の一例に就いて837839ENThis case is diagnosed by X-ray examination as armoured pericard which could be easily differentiated from calcification of mediastinal pleura, calcification of coronary blood vessels and calcified focus of the lung by means of oblique projection radiography, roentgen kymography, and tomography.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587711965組織培養法による放射線障害の化学的防禦に関する研究 第2編 培養L-細胞に対するS-2-Aminoethylisothiuronium-Br・HBr(AET),Cystamine及びα-Homocysteinethiolactone(HCT)のX線防禦効果201214ENNorioAndoThe protective effects of AET, Cystamine and HCT against irradiation were studied, comparing the cell population of the treated groups with that of the irradiated control groups on 2 days and 4 days after 400 r or 800 r irradiation. The results were as follows. 1) The protective effect of 10(-4)M AET was observed significantly in both 800 r and 400 r irradiated groups. 2) The protective effect of 10(-3)M AET was observed on 2 days and 4 days after irradiation. 3) The protective effects were not observed in Cystamine and HCT treated groups.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587711965組織培養法による放射線障害の化学的防禦に関する研究 第1編 培養L-細胞に対するCysteine及び2-Mercaptoethylamine(MEA)のX線防禦効果181200ENNorioAndoThe protective effects of Cysteine and MEA against X-irradiation were investigated, comparing the population of inoculated L-strain cells of the treated groups with that of the irradiated control groups on 2 days and 4 days after 800 r or 400 r irradiation. The results were as follows. 1) The protective effect of 10(-4)M Cysteine was observed significantly on 2 days after 800 r irradiation. 2) Cysteine of 10(-5)M was significantly effective on 2 days and 4 days after 800 r irradiation. 3) MEA seemed to be more effective than Cysteine (not significant).No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587711965放射線と白血病に関する実験的研究 第3編 X線誘発RF系マウス白血病の発生におけるクロトン油のCo-leukemogenic作用について8796ENKojiIkejiriWith the purpose of studying a possibility of the so-called "two-stage mechanism" in radiation leukemogenesis, a series of studies was conducted to compare the rate of leukemia development, using RF strain mice divided into a set of groups of mice that received one whole body X-irradiation of 150 r, 250 r, 350 r, respectively, and another set of groups similarly irradiated with respective doses and repeatedly painted with 5% croton oil in benzene solution after irradiation. 1. As a result it has been found that in the group receiving 350 r there was no significant difference in the rate of leukemia development between the group receiving the irradiation only and the group that was painted with croton oil solution in addition to the irradiation. 2. In the group that received 250 r, in the group that received croton oil painting immediately after the irradiation or one week after the irradition, there was observed a distinct increase in the rate of leukemia development, while there was no difference between the group that received croton oil painting before the irradiation and the group that received the X-irradiation only. 3. In the groups that received 150 r of the irradiation, leukemia did not develop but it developed only when croton oil was concurrently painted. This finding suggests that leukemia does not develop even when provirus is activated by X-irradiation, if the promoting agent, croton oil is not administered thereafter. 4. In the case when both X-irradiation and croton oil painting were given there could be recngnized leukemias of the so-called thymic type and the non-thymic type in about the same number. 5. In the group given one whoie body irradiation of 250 r and 100 mg of urethane in five separate doses, leukemia developed at a high rate, but in the group given urethane injection alone one of 8 mice developed leukemia. From these results it seems that the "two-stage mechanism" of cancer development as advocated by Berenblum is applicable to the radiation leukemogenesis, and it is thought that X-irradiation acts as an initiator and croton oil as its promotor. In addition, it is presumed that urethane as an initiator has ability to induce leukemia.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15587711965放射線と白血病に関する実験的研究 第1編 X線照射の末梢血液像に及ぼす影響に関する各種系統マウスの比較研究5969ENKojiIkejiriAs one of the series of studies on radiation leukemogenesis, changes in the peripheral blood picture occurring with lapse of time were pursued with the Cb, D103, StA, and Zb strains of mice (30-50 days old) after a single whole body X-irradiation of 350 r. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Both erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin contents showed the minimum values 2 weeks after the irradiation, and after recovering once they tended to decrease again. Reticulocytes decreased to about 2-4‰ immediately after the irradiation but by the second week they increased to about twice the number in normal condition, and thereafter they returned to the normal count. This change was most marked in the D103 strain, but ultimately the changes in the erythrocyte series presented similar curves in all the four strains mentioned above, and these changes did not differ from those observed in RF strain. 2. The number of leukocytes decressed rapidly to as low as 2,000 immediately after the X-irradiation. The susceptibility to X-ray irradiation was higher in the leukocyte series than in the erythrocyte series. 3. Lymphopoiesis was more sensitive to X-irradiation than myelogenous hematopoiesis, and the decrease of lymphocytes was greater than that of neutrophils, showing a relative neutrophilia for several weeks after the irradiation. 4. After once recovering, the leukocyte counts in the Cb, D103, StA, and Zb strains of mice all did not show such a transient decrease as observed in the preleukemic stage of RF strain about 13 weeks after the irradiation. In addition, lymphocytic leukemia did not develop. 5, In the Cb, D103, StA, and Zb strains irradiated with X-ray there could be recognized no severe eosinophilia such as observed in the RF strain that received X-irradiation. From these findings it has been confirmed that there can be recognized no marked differences in the peripheral blood picture immediately after a single whole body X-irradiation of 350 r between the RF strain of mice that develop leukemia by X-ray, and the Cb, D103, StA. and Zb strains that do not develop leukemia by X-irradiation, but in the observations conducted thereafter along with lapse of time there can be seen several distinct differences in the changes of the leukocyte series between them.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558803-41968放射線照射により生体内に発生する複合燐脂質に就いて 第2編 複合燐脂質のエールリッヒ培養細胞(JTC-11細胞)に及ぼす影響453459ENKanameAonoThe literature dealing with the nature of irradiation disturbances is replete, but there seems to be no established theory on this phenomenon. It is needless to say that the elucidation of this condition requires further, extensive studies from biochemical, histological and functional aspects, because the irradiation disturbances are not by any means a single entity. Yamamoto of our laboratory states that the compound-phospholipids extracted from tissues of the rabbits exposed to total body irradiation possesses hemolytic and cytolytic effects similar to the effects of irradiation itself. In view of this, the present experiment was conduced in order to observe what effects such an extract would have on the growth of Ehrlich tumor culture cells (JTC 11, strain maintained in the laboratory of Cancer Institute, Okayama Univ.) These cells were cultured in the media containing the aforementioned phospholipids extract in the concentration of 0.1% or 0.5% , and for the control the phospholipids extracted from non-irradiated rabbits was added to the medium in the same concentration. The percentage of degneration of Ehrlich tumor cells was calculated at intervals of one, 3, and 6 hours after the addition of the extract. Two days after the start of culture, the extract was added to the medium, and its effect on the proliferation of Ehrlich cells was studied on the fourth day of the addition of extract. Similarly, morphological changes of Ehrlich cells were observed by electron microscopy at the intervals of 3, 12, 24 and 48 hours after the addition of the extract. As a result it was found that the phospholipids substance extracted from the irradiated rabbit showed a greater degenerative effect and stronger inhibition on the culture cells as well as it elicited more marked morphological changes than the extract from non irradiated rabbit. From this, it is obvious that the extract of the irradiated rabbit has the effect to inhibit the cell growth and destroy the cells just as has been demonstrated in Part 1, which is similar to the disturbances brought about by irradiation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558803-41968Heinz小体の性格に関する研究 第2編 Heinz小体の生物学的性格について379386ENYoshioHirakiFatty acids extracted from Heinz bodies were aided to Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and HeLa cells in tissue culture at various final concentrations of 0.2, 0.1, 0.05, 0.025%, and their effects on these cultured cells were morphologically observed. It was shown that fatty acids derived from Heinz bodies exerted as nearly a potent cytotoxicity as OX substance oa the cultured tumor cells. At the concentration of 0.2 and 0.1%, immediately following thier addition, almost all the cells showed marked degenerative changes such as bubbling and blister formation, lipid granulation in the cytoplasm and pyknosis of the nuclei and this was soon followed by cell floating and death. And even at the lower concentration of 0.05 and 0.025% the cell degeneration was observed in 3 hours and 6 hours respectively and became floating within 24 hours. From these results, it is considered that the formation of Heinz bodies may be a biological reaction as the body defense mechanism,No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558799-101967EOSINOPHILIC GASTRITISと考えられる二例について771777ENMichioYamamotoSoichiNishishitaOsamuHiramatuSrosukeIidaYosimasaNokiharaYasumasaKumadaRecently, as we have encountered two cases of eosinophilic gastritis, we have described about these X-ray findings etc.. And attention is called to the feasibility of clinical and roentgenographic diagnosis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558803-41968Heinz小体の性格に関する研究 第1編 Heinz小体の生化学的性格について365378ENYoshioHirakiHeinz bodies produced in vitro by X-irradiation or hydroxylamine hydrochloride were separated and collected. The lipids extracted from these Heinz bodies were analyzed as to their lipid and fatty acid composition by thin layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography. The purpose of the present experiment is to compare the composition of lipids and fatty acids in the Heinz bodies produced by the two different methods. In addition, the membranes of the untreated red cells were similarly treated and analyzed for comparison. 1. It was found that there were differences in the composition of lipids and fatty acids derived from Heinz bodies under different circumstances in which they were formed, even though they might appear morphologically identical on stained preparations. Namely, Heinz bodies contained a lipid fraction whose chemical composition was not necessarily the same and it was suggested that they were the degenerative products having the same characteristics. 2. Analysis of lipids of Heinz bodies indicated a marked decrease of the phosphatidyl ethanolamine ratio in comparison with the lipid fraction of the normal red cell membranes. 3. With respect to the fatty acid composition of Heinz bodies, there were a decrease of the stearic acid ratio and an increase of the oleic and linoleic acid ratios, resulting in a marked increase of the total unsaturated fatty acid ratio. 4. The development of X-irradiation anemia is due not only to an impaired erythropoiesis in the hematopoietic tissue but to an accelerated destruction of red cells in the peripheral blood. It is postulated that the peripheral red cells are rendered fragile by X-irradiation through an alteration of the lipid composition ratio of the cell membrane.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558799-101967Porzellangallenblaseと考へられる3例について727731ENKanameAonoMasatadaTanabeShinyaNomaYasumasaKumadaYoshimasaNokiharaSumakoFurukawaPresent paper describes the findngs of three cases what appeared to be the case of "Porcelain gallbladder" showing the X-ray picture similar to gall stones in the resected bladder and Calcium deposite on the bladder wall. It was in 1926 that "porcelain gallbladder" case was first reported by Florcken. Since then there appeared reports of such cases by Yamamoto, Niizuma and others, but this is a relatively rare diseases. It is sometimes accompanied by gall stones and in other cases without any stones. In the diagnosis of this disease by X-ray it is possible to identify this case by the roentgenograms of affected field and also by tomography of that region. We are able to examine three cases that we encountered by simple X-ray pictures, X-ray pictures with contrast medium as well as by tomographic pictures of the affected region. Some discussion was made comparing the findings of our cases with those available in literature.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558795-61967Glutathione(タチオン)の放射線防護効果について417424ENEtsuroKawaseThere are many works dealing with protective effect of glutathione against Xray radiation, but most of them are used subcutaneous or intraperintoneal injection of glutathione to a single large dose of X-ray irradiation. It is reportet by various investigators that the dosage
required to yield the protective effect to X-ray irradiation is about 10 mg ～ 25mg/mouse. In a point of view that glutathione is generally used intravenously in clinics, the author has verified that such an injection given just before the X-irradiation proves to be most effective, As for the minimal optimal dosage of glutathione to yield its protecthive effect it has been found to be 100 mg/kg or 2.5 mg/mouse in average in my experiment. From the survival rate of animals tested, changes in their body weight and changes in the blood picture of rabbits, it has been proven that a considerably smaller dosage of glutathione injected intravenously is effective as compared with generally given subcutaneously or intraperitoneally. It is noteworthy that, whereas there can be observed no significant difference in the protective
effect between the test groups and the control group (X-ray irradiation only), when glutathione injected to whole body irradiated rabbits just before a single large dose, a considerable protective effect could be obtained in the doses of 100 mg/kg injected into the aural vein for consecutive days just before 100 R/day irradiation. This has been verified by the changes observed in the numbers of lymphocytes, leukecytes as well as erythrocytes. It has been also demonstrated that, while a single dose of 100 mg/kg glutathione injected intravenously just before a single large dose of 1,000 R does not show any protective effect, the same dose of glutathions injected intravenously once a day consecutively just before X-irradiation of 100 R/day yields a considerable protecthive effect. In above mention, I think that there are some clinical significans.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15588211-121970甲状腺腫瘍のシンチグラムについて503509ENMasatadaTanabeKatsuhikoSugitaYasuoMorinoSetsuoWatanabeYoshioHaisaYasumasaKumadaPossiblity of differential diagnosis by means of the scintigram of thyroid gland was investigated with 15 cases with chronic inflammation, 54 with benign tumor, 22 with malignant tumor as the subjects of the study. The results are briefly summarized as follows. 1) In chronic inflammatory diseases most cases show an irregularity of the color band, and the lesion site is mostly located in the upper pole followed by the lower pole. 2) In cases of benign tumor warm nodules are decidedly predominant as compared with other diseases, and the margin is mostly either sharp or diffuse, especially sharp one in benign tumor than in malignant one. The peripheral contour is mostly concave. Enlargement of the lesion area is more often observed than in other diseases, and this tendency is especially marked in warm nodule. There can be often observed oppressive deformation. There is no difference of the color level between the right and the left sides. Lesion site does not differ from the right to the left side and it is mostly on the right exterior side and the left lower pole. 3) In malignant tumor, most cases show a large lesion. Ones with irregular margin are more numerous than in other diseases, but here it requires differentiation from inflammation. There is no swelling on the sideof lesion. The oppressive deformity is not so frequent as in benign cases. The affected side in most cases shows a lower color level as compared with healthy side. The lesion site in this case is mostly located in the upper pole.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558793-41967放射線生体照射の各臓器構成高級脂肪酸に及ぼす影響について 第3編 乳癌患者血清中高級脂酸の術前放射線治療前後における変動について181187ENNaomiKatsumataWith the purpose to study the changes of long-chain fatty acid composition in the serum of the breast cancer patients after radiation therapy, total fatty acids in the serum of the patients with breast cancer, both before and after the radiation teatment, were separated and identified by the the gas-liquid chromatography. The results of the study may briefly be summarized as follows. 1. The total fatty acid composition in the serum at the time when the tumor has grown smaller approaches the level of normal persons in contrast to the level before the radiation therapy. 2. It is considered that the radiation therapy is a success when the polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic and arachidonic acids are increased and saturated fatty acids are decreased.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558793-41967放射線生体照射の各臓器構成高級脂肪酸に及ぼす影響について 第2編 X線照射の担癌動物構成高級脂肪酸に及ぼす影響について175180ENNaomiKatsumataIn order to study the effect of X-irradiation on the composition of fatty acids in the body of cancer bearing animals, at first solid Ehrlich carcinoma was transplanted into the right leg of mice and then 500 R/day of X-rays were irradiated on the right leg of the animals consecutively for 10 days (total dosage 5,000R). The animals were divided into three groups of the irradiated cancer bearing mice, non-irradiated cancer bearing mice and normal mouse control group. The fatty acid extraction was carried out by the method of Folch et al with (1) tumor and right leg muscle, (2) serum, and (3) liver, of each group, and the determination of the fatty acid composition was made by the gas-liquid chromatography. 1. As the result it was found that the tumor tissue of the irradiated group revealed a greater quantity of linoleic acid than that of the non-irradiated cancer bearing group. 2. The solid Ehrlich carcinoma of the right leg contained a larger amount of stearic acid than that in the right leg muscle of normal mice. 3. As for the composition of total fatty acids in the liver and the serum, the percentage of linoleic acid was found greatest in (1) the control group of normal mice, followed by (2) irradiated tumor bearing mice, and (3) non-irradiated tumor bearing mice in the order mentioned. 4. There seems to be some correlation between the cessation of tumor growth by irradiation and the distribution of linoleic acid.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558793-41967放射線生体照射の各臓器構成高級脂肪酸に及ぼす影響について 第1編 比較的小線量β線体内照射の生体内脂肪酸構成に及ぼす影響について167173ENNaomiKatsumataFor the purpose to study changes in the compostion of the long-chain fatty acids induced by a relatively minute quantity of (32)P-radiation of the body, 500 μCi/kg of Na(2)H(32)PO(4) were injected intravenously into normal rabbits and the internal organs and the serum were taken out at intervals of 24, 48 and 72 hours after the injection, and studied the composition by means of gas-chromatography. The results are briefly summarized in the following. 1. As the result it was found that the distribution of (32)P in the organs was in the descending order of liver→kidney→spleen→bone marrow. 2. The fatty acid composition in each of these organs as well as in the serum is affected by beta-ray irradiation of a relatively minute dose. 3. There can be observed rhythmic fluctuations in the composition even of the one and the same fatty acid (e. g. C(18:2)) which is specific to each organ. 4. It is difficult to determine the changes in the composition of the long-chain fatty acids induced by (32)P labeled phosphate simply on the basis of gas- chromatographic study conducted at any unit time interval.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558791-21967空腸リンパ肉腫の一例97102ENMichioYamamotoKeizoInoueMasatadaTanabeNaomiKatsumatawe encountered a case (47-years male) supected of lymphosarcoma of jejunum by our preoperative X-ray examination, and confirmed the case to be truely of lymphosarcoma of jejunum at operation. Some discussion is made on this case. It is the fourth such cases so far reported in Japan.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558825-61970膵臓結石症のレ線学的考察249255ENMichioYamamotoMasatadaTanabeKanameAonoYasumasaKumadaYasuoMorinoSetsuoWatanabeThe diagnosis of disseminated parapancreatic calculus is relatively easy from its specific roentgenogram, but in those cases with little roentgenographic shadow or with a solitary shadow it becomes quite difficult. Hence in the latter cases it is necessary to distinguish it from bilestone, kidney stone, peritoneal calcified lymph node, splenic venous thrombus, or duodenal diverticulosis. Therefore, for the diagnosis of the parapancreatic calculus it is important to take a single roentgenogram of the entire abdomen as well as lateral views of the abdomen, the combination of which would afford us to identify the parapancreatic calculus from the density of its shadow, its site and its size. We have recently encountered three patients with pancreatic calculus and present our observations of the cases as well as some remarks on them from the aspects of roentgenology.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558823-41970放射線照射子宮頸癌の組織化学的研究9199ENTakeoHashimotoHistological and histochemical changes of the cervix by irradiation were investigated on 16 cases of carcinoma of the cervix. Maximum surface dose, 2,000-6,000R., was applied to the cervix with a special colpostat followed by radical hysterectomy 1-10 days later. The difference between irradiated areas and non irradiated areas was studied with following results. 1) The activity of non specific esterase increased in irradiated areas with expectation of a useful indicator of radiosensitivity. 2) SDH, LDH and G-6-P DH showed no change in their activity after irradiation. 3) The appeareance of mast cells has some relation with histological radiation effect. Increase of mast cells in number was noticed in good histological response.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558867-81974胃大弯側陥凹性早期癌の3症例293298ENMichioYamamotoKatsuhikoSugitaKanameAonoNaokoOkadaKazuhikoEharaHisaoTakagiSosukeIidaKunzoOritaShokenKanedaKeijiKondoWith advance in the double irridigoradiographic technique the detection of early gastric cancer has markedly increased. However, early gastric cancer of superficial depressive type on the greater curvature, because of the difficulty in its discovery due to the specificity of its site and its low incidence, seems to be relatively rare. In spite of this rarity, recently we encountered superficial depressive cancers at the corpus, the angulus and the antrum one each at respective site, about which we reported with some comments on each.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558813-41969放射線による白血病の発生におけるウイルスの役割に関する研究 第Ⅱ編 X線誘発RFマウス白血病におけるウイルス粒子の電子顕微鏡的証明143150ENNaokoOkadaElectromicroscopic studies on the lymph nodes of RF mice with X-ray induced leukemia revealed in intercellular spaces round virus particles, 100 mμ in average diameter, each consisting of an outer membrane and a nucleoid body. They belong to C type virus particles according to the classification of oncogenic viruses by Bernhard, et al or Hiraki, et al. The virus particles showed an identical morphology and process of formation with those of spontaneous leukemic virus. This present report combined with successful implantation of cell-free filtrate from leukemic mice reported in the previous paper gives firmer ground to the idea that inactive virus latent in normal RF mice through vertical transmission was activated by X-ray to act on normal cells to transform into leukemic cells.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558865-61974膵臓シンチグラフィーによる膵疾患の診断221229ENMasatadaTanabeToyosatoTamaiYoshioHirakiKazuhikoEharaHisaoTakagiYoshioHaisaYasumasaKumadaHiroshiWakabayashiGonosukeHashimotoWith 63 cases on whom we performed the scintigraphy of pancreatic diseases, we studied the possiblity of differential diagnosis and oter points relevant to the diagnosis in this disease group by comparing retrospectively clinical findings with postoperative findings of these cases, and arrived at the conclusions as follows: 1) For the scintigraphy of pancreas, scinticamera is excellent, and it is especially useful to take consecutive pictures at intervals of 10 minutes each for one hour with this camera after injecting (75)Se-methionine. 2) The major cases of the pancreas that gives normal visualization can be considered as normal, but as normal pictures can be obtained even in the cases of chronic pancreatitis. There are some cases where differential diagnosis between the two disease groups is difficult by scintigraphic finding. 3) In the case of a focal decrease of uptake first of all cancer can be suspected. However, there are cases where differentiation from chronic pancreatitis is difficult. In such instances, about half of the cases demonstrating roentgenologically calcification proves to be of chronic, calcified pancreatitis, but excluding these cases the percentage of cancer cases is high. 4) Among those cases showing pancreas in scintigram faint or nonvisible, there were two cases out of 3 where chronic pancreatitis was complicated with calcification. Excluding the two cases, cancer occupies a decidedly high percentage, and the cancer is mostly located around the head of pancreas, indicating that pathologic changes have invaded main pancreatic ducts. 5) There were 7 cases of chronic, calcified pancreatitis, one case giving normal pancreatitis, one case giving normal scitigraphic findings, 4 cases a focal decrease of uptake, and two cases showing the pancreas faint or nonvisible.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558863-41974食道平滑筋腫の1例133138ENYasuoMorinoSetsuoWatanabeHisaoTakagiKazuhikoEbaraToyosatoTamaiMasatadaTanabeSosukeIidaKanziFujiwaraYoshioHaisaLeiomyoma of the esophagus is a rare lesion. On this case that we reported, the right oblique chest radiogram showed the soft tissue mass in the mediastinum. The diagnosis was made by the barium swallow study. In this report, we chiefly discussed about the radiologic findings of the esophageal leiomyoma and differential diagnosis with extraesophageal tumors.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558863-41974空腸平滑筋腫の1例127132ENYasuoMorinoKanameAonoEtsuroKawaseKazuhikoEbaraHisaoTakagiToyosatoTamaiShokenKanedaKunzoOritaLeiomyoma of the small intestine is a rare lesion, and most cases are found during operation and during autopsy. This patiant who we reported had a history of melena. Oval filling defect was detected in the jejunum by means of conventional barium examination. The histologic type of this neoplasm could be suggested by its radiologic findings and probed by operation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15588311-121971放射線照射動物に於る肝脂質構成高級脂肪酸比の変動について 第2編 放射線照射動物に於るパルミチン酸とリノール酸の代謝変化の相違について545552ENYasuoMorinoAfter giving whole-body irradiation of 600R, albumin complexed-palmitic acid-1-(14)C or linoleic acid-(14)C were used to mice, and we studied differences in changes of metabolism in these irradiated animals. For this study we messured amounts of (14)CO(2) exhaled, specific activity of liver lipids, and activities of individual fatty acid fractions with lapse of time, and obtained the following results. 1) It was found that the incorporation of palmitic acid-1-(14)C into (14)CO(2) was increased about 150% in the irradiated group as compared with that in controls. In contrast, that of linoleic acid-1-(14)C was decreased by about 50% as compared with controls. 2) The incorporation of palmitic acid-1-(14)C into liver lipids was considerable in the early stage after the the irradiation, but it decreased rapidly and became less than that of controls within a short period of time. The uptake of linoleic acid-1-(14)C into the liver of inadiated qroup was found to have been decreased. 3) In the irradiated groups, data revealed an inhibitory effect on unsaturation and chain elongation of both palmitic acid and linoleic acid.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15588311-121971放射線照射動物に於る肝脂質構成高級脂肪酸比の変動に関する一考察 第1編 放射線照射動物に於る脂肪酸合成の変化について537544ENYasuoMorinoIn our experiments of fatty acid biosynthesis in vivo with mice given whole-body irradiation of 600R using acetate-1-(14)C, we studied the amounts of (14)CO(2) exhaled, specific activity of total lipids, and activities of each fatty acid fraction of the liver, and obtained the results as follows. 1) It has been found that at early stage after irradiation the majority of acetate is utilized in oxidation and the part used in the biosynthesis is less, in the irradiated animals than in controls. 2) In these irradiated animals the biosynthesis of palmitoleic acid and stearic acid is relatively inhibited.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15588311-121971心膜憩室に合併せる粘液腫の一症例について531536ENMichioYamamotoKanameAonoMasatadaTanabeYasuoMorinoSetsuoWatanabeKazuhikoEbaraDisease exhibiting an abnormal tumorous shadow on the pericardium in x-ray picture is rare, and that with pericardial cyst is still more scarce. Having encountered a case, suspected of pericardial cyst, which on surgical operation proved to be of pericardial diveaticle accompanied by myxoma, we presented details of our findings on this very rare case.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15588311-121971胃前庭部攣縮に対する考察523529ENMichioYamamotoKanameAonoYasuoMorinoSetsuoWatanabeSosukeIidaKanjiFujiwaraIn our routine X-ray examinations of the stomach we do no longer encounter much difficulty in the diagnosis of the case. By virtue of a marked improvement of the X-ray instruments as well as by a great advance in techniques of the diagnosis we now can use endoscope, fibrinoscope, cytological examinations among others that our diagnosis is betting more and more accurate, as revealed by many reports. Nonetheless, the difficulty we encounter in our X-ray diagnosis is in those cases with contracture or deformation in the pyloric antrum. Of course, in the cases with malignant pathological changes or ulcers, we face relatively less problems, but in those cases with various pathological changes on the mucous coat such as an irregular relief, a partial hypertropy or lacking in any definite finding, we find it difficult to decide whether such changes have been elicited by gastritis or other causes. We discussed about how we might handle when we meet such cases with contracture of the pyloric antrum.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558839-101971組織培養法による放射線障害の測定指標に関する研究435448ENTohruNakataniThere are very few studies of the indicators which measure the effects of irradiation, even though it is very important in assessing the mechanism of radiation injuries and evaluating the effect of chemical protection against radiation hazard. Previous studies used either in vivo survival or in vitro cell counts to measure radiation effects. The study describes the use of cell volume, intracellar DNA, and cell counts as indicators of the effects of irradiation on cells in tissue culture, and demonstrated the effects of AET (S2-Amino-ethylisothiuronium bromide) as chemical protection against radiation hazards as measured by these three indicators. The results are as follows: 1) Combined use of the three indicators demonstrated that the effect of radiation on L-strain cell in tissue culture resulted from extension of the cell's mitotic phase and inhibition of cell division. 2) A positive correlation in the indicators was found with high dose irradiation (800r) of cells in tissue culture, but there was no correlation noted at lower test doses (200r and 400r). This finding demonstrated that it is necessary to study irradiation effects using these indicators in combination, especially at low dose exposures. 3) The study demonstrated that AET inhibited growth of irradiated L-strain cells and furthermore promoted cell bivision in tissue culture, thus showing the capacity for AET to tissue cells against irradiation. 4) Use of cell growth indicators such as cell volume, intracellular DNA, and cell counts, in combination, seems superior to previous methods of cell studies related to irradiation effects.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15588511-121973大理石骨病の1例593599ENMichioYamamotoYoshioHirakiToyosatoTamaiHisaoTakagiKazuhikoEharaMasatadaTanabeKozoOkudaOsteopetrosis (Albers-Schonberg's disease, marble bones) is a rare disease characterized by generalized increased density of the skeleton. A case showing typical roentgenological findings of the disease is presented and following a brief review of the literature, the roentgenographic characteristics are discussed.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558857-81973Crohn病の2症例323330ENMichioYamamotoKanameAonoEtsuroKawaseKatsuhikoSugitaToyosatoTamaiHisaoTakagiKazuhikoEharaNaomiKatsumataSosukeIidaWe encountered a 24-year old female with a swelling and severe pain in the hypogastric region as her main complaints and another 32-year old male with hypogastric pain persisting for several years as main complaint. On the x-ray examinations of the gastrointestinal tract of these two cases, both of them were suspected of Crohns disease, and they were subjected to surgical operation. As to a result of pathohistological examinations they were definitively diagnosed as case of Crohns disease. As to the definition of Crohns disease opinions differ even today, but we presented of our findings on these two cases as well as our review on the x-ray pictures on Crohns disease available in the literature.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558883-41976X線全身照射のラット肝ミトコンドリアにおける脂質過酸化反応に関する研究 第二編 脂質ならびに脂肪酸組成の変動と抽出脂質のFe(++)誘導脂質過酸化反応について197207ENHiroshiWakabayashiFerrous ion-induced lipid peroxidation of the mitochondria isolated from rat liver on the 3rd day after x-ray whole-body irradiation at 650R showed shortening of the lag of induction period and more acceleration of the activity than those of normal mitochondria (Part 1). Further investigations were made on the mitochondria on the 3rd day after irradiation at 650R in regard to fatty acid compositions and Fe(++) -induced peroxidation of total or fractionated mitochondrial lipids. The results are represented as follows. 1) Fatty acid composition of the mitochondria after lipid peroxidation showed the decrease of polyenoic acids (C-20:4, C-22:6), suggesting the polyenoic acids are substrate of the reaction. 2) Changes of fatty acid composition of mitochondria after whole-body irradiation at 650R were shown decreasing of unsaturated fatty acid due to the decrement of C-18:1 and C-18:2, but the component of polyenoic acid increased relatively. These changes are transient, reaching a maximum on the 3rd day after irradiation, and this tendency is parallel to that of lipid peroxidation activity of the mitochondria whole-body irradiated. 3) No difference of the rate of peroxidation observed between total lipids extracted from normal and from whole-body irradiated mitochondria, and the lag of induction period was not seen in both reactions. 4) Peroxidation of the total lipid was seen markedly in the phospholipid fraction and slightly in the simple lipid fractions. Effect of whole-body irradiation on the peroxidation activities of the phospholipid was not observed significantly, despite of the difference seen in their fatty acid compositions. 5) Peroxidation of subfractionated phospholipid by a thin-layer chromatography showed marked activity in the fractions of lecithin and aminophosphatide containing large amounts of C-20:4 and C-22:6: Recovery of the activity of the subfractions increased markedly comparing to the total phospholipid, and effect of whole-body irradiation appeared significantly in these subfractions. However, relationship between activities of the peroxidation and fatty acid compositions of the subfractions cannot seen. It is suggested the mutual interaction of phopholipid subfractions on the peroxidation to decrease the activity, and some of lipid became more sensitive to peroxidation by irradiation. 6) Relative amount of phospholipid to total lipid increased in whole-body irradiated samples. 7) From these findings, it was discussed that the acceleration of Fe(++) -induced lipid peroxidation in mitochondrial level is due to the change of fatty acid composition and association of lipid in the membrane.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558883-41976X線全身照射のラット肝ミトコンドリアにおける脂質過酸化反応に関する研究第一編 X線全身照射にともなうラット肝ミトコンドリアのFe++誘導脂質過酸化反応の変動について185196ENHiroshiWakabayashiLipid peroxidation of biomembrane is important in terms of the mechanism which are involved in the regulation and deterioration of their structure. To elucidate the behavior of lipid peroxidation in biomembrane after x-ray irradiation, the lipid peroxidation induced by Fe(++) in mitochondria after whole body irradiation was investigated, and the results are presented as follows. (1) Mitochondria were isolated from rat liver with the passage of day after 650 R irradiation, and the change of Fe(++) -induced lipid peroxidation was estimated by the TBA assay. Rates of the lipid peroxidation increased after irradiation and reached a maximum 3 days after irradiation, which was shown by shortening the lag of induction period and by the increase of TBA value per mg of protein. The increment of the activity was temporary and then the activity returned. (2) On the 3rd day after irradiation, the rat was more light in weight, and the wet weight of liver per body weight and the yield of mitochondria per tissue equivalent were increased transitorily in parallel with the change of the TBA value. (3) The shortening lag period and the high rate of TBA value depend on the dose of whole body irradiation. (4) The activity of oxidative phosphorylation of the mitochondria on the 3rd day after irradiation did not differ as compared with that of normal mitochondria. (5) These results suggest that the change of Fe(++) -induced lipid peroxidation of mitochondria after whole body irradiation is due to the irradiation. The factors in regulating the rate of lipid peroxidation were discussed.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558883-41976血清脂質過酸化物の生成に及ぼす放射線照射の影響 第二編 臨床例(子宮頚癌症例)についての検討163166ENYoshioHaisaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558853-41973ラット臓器の脂質過酸化反応におよぼす放射線照射の影響 第3編 放射線照射ラツト各臓器の脂質過酸化物形成能に及ぼす放射線防護物質投与(in vivo)の影響について145150ENSetsuoWatanabeEffects of tathione and cepharanthin, the radiation-protective agents, on the lipid peroxidation in rat organs were studied, and obtained the results as follows. (1) The acceleration of lipid peroxide formation induced by X-irradiation can be inhibited by the administration of tathione prior to the irradiation and by the dose administered. Such an inhibitory effect is especially marked in the liver, and as reported in Part Ⅰ and Part Ⅱ, in view of correlations among X-irradiation effect, lipid peroxidation and fatty acid composition in the liver, it seems that glutathione in vivo is somehow involved in the acceleration of lipid peroxidation. (2) The increase of lipid content observable in the liver of X-irradiated animal could not be observed in the animals administered with tathione. (3) Cepharanthin showed not any relation to the lipid peroxidation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558853-41973ラット臓器の脂質過酸化反応におよぼす放射線照射の影響 第2編 放射線照射ラット臓器における脂質過酸化反応と脂肪酸構成比の変動について137143ENSetsuoWatanabeWith four groups of rats, normal, irradiated, fasting, and irradiated-then-fasting rats (dose of X-ray, 650R), 48 hours afterwards, liver, heart, spleen and kidney were examined separately as to changes in the acceleration of lipid peroxidation and fatty acids due to irradiation were examined and obtained the results as follows. (1) The lipid peroxidation in each organ was accelerated after irradiation when compared to that in the organs of normal group. In the fasting group the acceleration of lipid peroxidation was observed, but the acceleration in the irradiated group was far more marked, indicating clearly the effect of irradiation. (2) As to changes in the ratio of fatty acid composition in every organ of the irradiated group there were observed an increase in the ratio of high unsaturated fatty acids and a decrease in the ratio of saturated fatty acids as compared with the respective values in normal group. Among organs there could be recognized no uniform change in the fasting group and the irradiated-then-fasting group. These results indicate that the fasting affects the ratio of fatty acid composition, especially marked was change in triglyceride fraction. (3) The lipid content in the liver tends to increase after irradiation, and there is also observed an incrase in the ratio of lipids to phospholipids. (4) The arachidonic acid of phospholipid what is considered to be substrate of lipid peroxidation is increased in the irradiated group, suggesting its relation to the acceleration of lipid peroxidation accompanying irradiation, and actually, the arachidonic acid ratio of phospholipid is markedly decreased after the incubation of lipid peroxidation reaction in the presence of Fe(++), indicating that this substance can play the role of substrate.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558853-41973ラット臓器の脂質過酸化反応におよぼす放射線照射の影響 第1編 放射線全身照射ラット臓器の脂質過酸化物形成能について129136ENSetsuoWatanabeAfter the whole body X-irradiation (650R) of rats, the lipid peroxide formation of various organs were estimated by the TBA reaction, and the results are presented as follows: (1) In TBA reaction tests on the lipid peroxidation in the liver, heart, spleen and kidney with homogenates being incubated, the TBA value were slightly high with endogenous homogenates, but on the addition of Fe(++) the reaction was further accelerated markedly. With liver and kidney that showed a high reaction on addition of Fe(++), the reaction was similarly accelerated on addition of ascorbic acid, but with heart and spleen the reaction at initial stage did not show any significant difference from that of the group without any addition. (2) In every organ from the irradiated animal the activity of lipid peroxide formation was greater than that in organs from non-irradiated control animals. (3) TBA value in the group added with Fe(++) were higher than those in the group without any addition, suggesting that X-irradiation greatly the lipid peroxidation in organs. (4) Change in the acceleration of lipid peroxidation accompanying the irradiation appears as a shortening of reaction-induction time. (5) Radioactivity-dose dependent change can be observed only in the liver, and the time-lapse change after irradiation can also observed only in the liver. (6) These results suggest that the lipid peroxidation following the whole body X-irradiation shows a significant change primarily in the liver.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558909-101978放射線障害におけるスーパーオキサイド生成系(O(2))とスーパーオキサイド・ディスムターゼ(SOD)及びビタミンEの関与に対する考察12971308ENKanameAonoMichioYamamotoSosukeIidaKozoUtsumiIn relation to the mechanism by which hemolysis was induced in radiated human erythrocytes in vitro, several inducements of membrane lipid peroxidation and protective effects of V.E and SOD were investigated. Results obtained were as follows: (1) K(+)-release from erythrocytes was accelerated by radiation prior to hemolysis. These accelerated hemolysis and K(+)-release were protected remarkably by V.E and evidently by SOD. (2) Mitochondrial Fe(2+) induced and Fe(3+)-O(2) generating system -ADP induced lipid peroxidation, and microsomal O(2) generating system -induced lipid peroxidation were also protected by V.E and SOD. (3) Radiation of X-ray or (60)Co γ-ray accelerated lipid peroxidation of liver homogenate, microsome and liposome. Some of these accelerated lipid peroxidations were protected effectively by V.E and SOD. These results suggest that O(2) and/or OH. generation by radiation induces of membrane lipid peroxidation, which leads deterioration of membrane resulting in the change of ion permeability and then hemolysis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558909-101978RI Angiocardiographyによる心疾患の診断 第3編 左-右シャント症例について11571163ENMasatadaTanabeToyosatoTamaiEtsuoKawaseHisaoTakakiKiichiroMizukawaSetsuoMorimotoKeijiHashimotoKatashiSatoYoshioHirakiCount ratio (C(2)/C(1)) technique for detection of left to right shunts by radionuclide was performed. Count ratio technique of ASD cases accurately detected shunts and could reliably separate from normals, but there were a few false positive in patients with ventricle septal defect. There was no correlation between C(2)/C(1) ratio and oximetry. Postoperatively, C(2)/C(1) ratios of ASD cases were resumed to normal or close to normal but some cases of VSD were not returned to normal.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558909-101978RI angio-cordiographyによる心疾患の診断 第2編 僧帽弁疾患症例を中心として11451149ENMasatadaTanabeToyosatoTamaiEtsuoKawaseHisaoTakakiKiichiroMizukawaSetsuoMorimotoKeijiHashimotoKatashiSatoKanameAono心疾患を有する患者では,その循環動態は種々の因子により容易に変化するものであり,一回の検査のみで決して正確にその患者の動態を表わしているとはいいがたい.この点コンピューターを用いたRI angio-cardiography(以下RCGと略す)は被曝線量も少く,生理的状態を損うことなく繰返し検査を行うことが出来る非観血的方法であり,心疾患者の術前術後の変化,治療経過観察に極めて有用である.従って,僧帽弁疾患におけるRCGによる右室,左室peak to peak time C(2)/C(1)比の解折は,上述の点後於て重要な臨床情報を提供すると考えられる.今回は僧帽弁疾患を中心としてこれらの点について若干の検討を試みた.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558877-81975血清脂質過酸化物の生成に及ぼす放射線照射の影響 その1 基礎的検討637644ENYoshioHaisaFor the purpose to elucidate the formation and the mechanism of lipid peroxidation products in the serum following irradiation, rabbits were irradiated once withe 1000R over the whole body, and serum lipid proxidation products as well as proxidation products in each lipid fractions were measured as TBA level. In addition, a study was made on the correlation between the peroxidation product and the change of fatty acids, and the following results were obtained. 1) The whole lipid content of serum: The whole lipid content was found to have increased about 2.6 times that before the irradiation by 24 post-irradiation hours, and even after the lapse of 48 hours such a tendency persisted. 2) Serum whole TBA level: By 24 post-irradiation hours the whole TBA level increased markedly up to about 6.5-fold that before the irradiation. 3) Lipid content of fraction: Except for cholesterol, every lipid fractions are found to have increased after irradiation. Especially marked is the increase of triglyceride. 4) TBA level of fractionated lipid: There is seen a marked increase of cholesterol ester, which proctically occupied entire serum TBA value. Next marked was the increase of phospholipid, and quantitatively it was classified that the increases seen in triglyceride and free fatty acids are not concerned with the rise in the free fatty acid content and TBA level. 5) Serum lipid contents and TBA level infasting: By taking the level of serum lipid 24 hours after the start of fasting as one, the serum lipid levels were studied at 48 and 72 hours after the start of fasting, and it was found that both serum lipid and TBA levels rose only very slightly. 6) Changes of fatty acids: The relative ratio of palmitic acid of the whole fatty acids increased after irradiation, and the ratio of linolic acid and linolenic acid was decreased by irradiation while by 48 hours the relative ratio of linolic acid was decreased to about 1/5 that before irradiation, and the relative ratio of linolenic acid was markedly decreased to about 1/35.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558907-81978RI angio-cardiographyによる心疾患の診断 第一編 正常例の検討993998ENMasatadaTanabeToyosatoTamaiEtsuoKawaseHisaoTakakiKiichiroMizukawaSetsuoMorimotoKeijiHashimotoKatashiSatoKanameAonoThis study is to show applicability of RCG and to determine criteria for its use of normals. Instrumentation for data processing was DAP 500-2(Toshiba, Ltd, Tokyo Japan) RI dilution curves recorded an the right ventricle, the left lung, the left ventricle of 12 normal subjects were analyzed to obtain following parameters, namely interventricular peak to peak time and C(2)/C(1) ratio. 1) intraventricular peak to peak time average: 6.40 ± 1.18 seconds (4.80~8.64) 2) C(2)/C(1) ratio of right ventricle average: 0.45 ± 0.08 seconds (0.30~0.59) 3) C(2)/C(1) ratio of left ventricle average: 0.38 ± 0.09 seconds (0.22 ± 0.51) 4) C(2)/C(1) ratio of left lung average: 0.45 ± 0.08 seconds (0.30~0.55)No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558905-61978ACTAスキャナー0100型の使用経験 第2報 CT装置の使用に対する考察545550ENKanameAonoKeijiHashimotoKatashiSatoYasuoMorinoEtuoKawaseYoshioHirakiMasatadaTanabeMichioYamamotoWe have previously reported an outline of the ACTA scanner and its usefulness. In this report, we intend to present some aspects of the apparatus itself needing improvement and also offer our opinion on some points to be borne in mind on the actual use of the scanner.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558905-61978ACTAスキャナー0100型の使用経験 第1報 CT装置に対する考察537543ENKanameAonoKeijiHashimotoKatashiSatoYasuoMorinoKatsuhikoSugitaMasatadaTanabeMichioYamamotoIt is only a little over two odd years since computer tomography (CT) has come to be used in Japan. However, during this short period of time great interest in the CT apparatus has been aroused. As we have had the opportunity to use the ACTA scanner (type 0100) set in June, 1976 at the hospital affiliated to Okayama University, we describe here our experiences with it and introduce an outline of the CT apparatus as well as its usefulness.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558899-101977Walker-256-carcinosarcoma移植ラット及び健康ラットにおよぼす放射線照射の影響 第1編 Walker-256-carcinosarcoma移植ラットへの放射線照射によるSeromucoid値及び放射線照射ラットのSeromucoid値の変動について12951305ENKazuhikoEharaIn rats given implants of Walker tumor a sizeable increase in tumor mass has been shown to precede significant increases in the seromucoid values. Early irradiation to the tumor has prolonged the survival days, and then seromucoid values have remained within the normal limits. After the occurrence of metastatic growth, irradiation to the primary tumor has repressed the tumor growth but the seromucoid has increased significantly. If distant metastasis has occurred, the seromucoid values increase significantly. Therefore the usefulness of the seromucoid value in assessing the occurrence of metastatic growth is shown. The seromucoid values in rats given 300 rad partial body (the right hind leg) irradiation daily for 20 days have been within the normal limits. However, the seromucoid values in rats given 1,000 rad whole body irradiation at a time have gradually increased up to the 3rd day, and markedly increased in the 5th day after irradiation. The seromucoid values on the 5th day after irradiation were about 6.4 times as much as those of normal rats.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558901-21978悪性腫瘍患者における血清Seromucoidの臨床的観察―原発性肺癌及び子宮頸癌患者の血清Seromucoid値及び治療との関係について195208ENKazuhikoEharaSerum seromucoid values were measured in 30 controls, 21 patients with cancer of the lung and 30 patients with cancer of the cervix. The following results were obtained. 1) The values of serum seromucoid in patients with cancer of the lung were related to the severity of the clinical lesion. But in the cases (66.7%) with localized lesion the seromucoid values were unchanged from normal, so in these cases the measurement of serum seromucoid values is little useful as a diagnostic tool. On the other hand, change of serum seromucoid values was almost reflected to the enlargement or reduction of carcinoma. Therefore, the measurement of serum seromucoid value may be a useful index of monitoring the effectiveness of its treatment and assessing the recurrence or relapse of carcinoma. Serum seromucoid was remarkably increased just before the death. 2) In patients with cancer of the cervix, the normal seromucoid value was over half of the number. Therefore, the measurement of serum seromucoid value may be little useful for the diagnosis of cancer of the cervix. Change of serum seromucoid values was reflected to the reduction or disappearance of carcinoma by its treatment, and is possibly reflected to the infiltration to the adjacent organs or the survival of carcinoma. 3) In patients with cancer of the lung or cervix, relationship between serum seromucoid value and blood sedimentation rate or α1-globulin content was more correlated in patients with cancer of the lung than in patients with cancer of the cervix. 4) In patients with cancer of the lung or cervix, the value of serum seromucoid was related to its clinical stage. Particularly, there was the significant rank correlation between primary tumor size and serum seromucoid value. If the occurrence of distant metastasis was in patients with cancer of the lung, these serum values showed a tendency to be higher than values of patients with no distant metastasis. 5) In patients with cancer of the lung, when the quotient of serum seromucoid (value after radiotherapy/before radiotherapy) is below 1.0 and its serum value shows abnormally high value just after radiotherapy, or when the quotient is above 1.0, the prognosis of the patients is as if poor. 6) In cases with cancer of the cervix with no complications of other disorders, when the quotient of serum seromucoid is below 1.0 and its serum value is abnormally high just after radiotherapy, or when the quotient is above 1.0, any optimism of the prognosis of the patients may not be warranted.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558901-21978Walker-256-carcinosarcoma移植ラット及び健康ラットにおよぼす放射線照射の影響 ―特に血清蛋白質への影響について―5968ENKazuhikoEharaSerum protein fractions and total proteins were studied with bloods obtained form the rats exposed each to the partial-, whole-bodies and the transplanted tumors (Walker-256-carcinosarcoma transplanted in the right hind leg). The following results were obtained. 1. The electrophoretic variation induced in the sera of tumor-bearing rats (Group Ⅱ), and the content of total proteins decreased. Early irradiation to the tumor part of rats less induced the variations of the electrophoretic pattern and the decrease of the amount of serum total proteins. When the distant metastasis appeared during irradiation treatment, the electrophoretic patterns and content of total proteins changed proportionally to the variation in sera of Group Ⅱ. On the other hand, the γ-globulin fraction increased in the long-term survival rat. 2. The separation of the rat serum β-globulin into two peaks of β(1)-and β(2)-globulin was shown only in Group Ⅳ (late irradiation to the right hind leg). This finding supposed that some factors involve in the sera of rats with transplanted primary tumor grown up to a fixed size and guessed the appearance of the distant metastasis during X-irradiation. 3. The percentages of the albumin and γ-globulin decreased slightly and those of the α(1)-, α(2)and β-globulin increased slightly in the rats with 300 rad partial-body (the right hind leg) X irradiation daily for 20 days. 4. The remarkable decrease of the albumin and γ-globulin, the increase of the α(1) and β-globulin, the marked increase of the α(2)-globulin and the decrease of serum total proteins were demonstrated for the sera of rats with 1,000 rad whole-body X-irradiation at a time. These phenomena seem to be related to the destructive and reticuloendothelial injury by the exposure.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812132009高精度放射線治療215218ENKuniakiKatsuiMitsuhiroTakemotoSusumuKanazawaNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155812132009多角的アプローチにより癌性疼痛のコントロールを得ることができた非小細胞肺癌の一例173175ENEikiIchiharaJunjiMatsuokaNagioTakigawaTakashiMatsuzakiKuniakiKatsuiKatsuyukiKiuraMitsuneTanimotoWe report a case of cancer-related pain relieved by a polyhedral approach. A woman in her late 30s with advanced non small cell lung cancer suffered from back pain caused by the cancer invasion to a thoracic vertebra. She could not take a sufficient dose of opioid due to its adverse effects. A supplementary analgesic was not found to be effective. Palliative radiation was considered desirable, but she could not maintain a dorsal position for irradiation due to back pain. Continuous epidural anesthesia was then introduced. Epidural anesthesia allowed her to lie in a spine position for radiation therapy. After completion of radiation therapy, her back pain was relieved with a low dose of transdermal fentanyl without epidural anesthesia.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558897-81977歯髄の脂質に関する研究 I ラット切歯歯髄の脂質ならびに脂肪酸組成の解析と放射線全身照射による変動851858ENGonosukeHashimotoラット切歯歯髄の脂質組成ならびに脂肪酸組成を解析するとともに,あわせてエックス線全身照射の各々の組成に及ぼす影響を研究し次の如き結果を得た.(1)切歯歯髄の総脂質含量は蛋白量相対比にして0.26の値を得た.エックス線全身照射群(1000R照射後3日目のもの)の歯髄も同様0.26の値を得,その差は得られなかった.(2)正常切歯歯髄の総脂質の脂肪酸組成において,パルミチン酸,オイレン酸,ステアリン酸,アラキドン酸,リノール酸の順に主成分として認められ,前三脂肪酸で78%以上を占めた.エックス線全身照射群においてはオレイン酸の減少,アラキドン酸の増加が認められた.口腔領域への部分照射(1000R)でも同様の傾向がみられた.(3)正常切歯歯髄の脂質構成としてリン脂質,コレステロール,トリグリセリド,コレステロールエステルが主成分として認められ,リン脂質は45 % ,コレステロールは30 % を占めた.エックス線全身照射群ではリン脂質,トリグリセリドの構成比に変動はみられなかったが,コレステロールの減少とコレステロールエステルの増加が認められた.(4)正常切歯歯髄リン脂質の構成を各種呈色反応で仮同定した結果,レシチン,ホスファチジルエタノールアミン,ホスファチジルセリンが主成分として90 % 以上を占めた.特にホスファチジルセリン含量が多いのが注目される.照射群ではレシチンの増加,ホスファチジルセリンの減少など若干の組成比に変動がみられたが,対照との差は有意とは言えなかった.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558897-81977生体膜系に対するビスコクラウリン型アルカロイドの作用とその作用機序に関する研究 第1報 細胞膜傷害によるK(+)遊出に対するセファランチンの阻止作用749756ENMasanobuMiyaharaKozoUtsumiKatsumiSagiyamaKanameAonoConcerining the physiological properties possessed by the cell membrane, recently an attention has been called on various problems such as the cell recognition mechanism to begin with, and the mutual relationships among the intercellular communication mechanism, as well as the metabolism adjustment of membrane binding enzymes, aside from the compartmentation of substances. Essentially the physico-chemical properties of the membrane of cancer cell and proliferating cells are important in relation to the treatment of cancer. And attempts are being made to change the cell metabolism by artificially altering the physicochemical properties of the cell membrane. Cepharanthine, one of the biscoclaurin alkaloids, is known from olden days to possess a thanatophidia hemolytic property, but this property seems to bring about the change in the physico-chemical properties of the cell membrane, and it is interesting in the point that this substance may have a membrane modifying property. For these reasons, during the investigation on the actions of alkaloids on the cell membrane many interesting phenomena have been elucidated. This report presents the results recently obtained about the changes in physico-chemical properties of biological membrane by the treatment with cepharanthine. The obtained results were as follows. 1. Cepharanthine inhibits K(+)-release from red blood cells when these cells are treated with snake venom, phospholipase A, lysolecithine, lead acetate and hexane. But the alkaloid does not inhibit K(+)-release induced by ionophores, surface active agents and HVJ. 2. Cepharanthine inhibits the hyperpolalization of membrane potential induced by lead acetate or hexane. 3. Similar inhibitory effect of cholesterol on K(+)-release from the cells by the treatment with lead acetate is observed. 4. From these results it is suggested that the inhibitory action of cepharanthine on K(+)-release from cells is due to the action of decrease in membrane fluidity.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558929-101980脂質過酸化反応によるミトコンドリァ機能の変化とビスコクラウリン型アルカロイドによる阻害作用10151024ENKanameAonoSetsuoMorimotoKeijiHashimotoKatashiSatoIkuoJojaShinKimotoHiroshiEzoeYoshihiroTakedaMasayoshiMiyakeHidehiroHayashiHisaoWakabayashiToyosatoTamaiYasuoMorinoNoriyukiShiraishiDuring investigation of the changes in mitochondrial function accompanying lipid peroxidation, it was found that a biscoclaurine alkaroid protected their functional changes. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Fe(2+) induces lipid peroxidation of isolated mitochondria, resulting in deterioration of oxidative phosphorylation. 2) This deterioration relates to alteration in ion compartmentation of the mitochondrial membrane and an increase in latent ATPase activity. 3) This deterioration by Fe(2+) in ion compartmentation of mitochondrial membrane is strongly protected by a biscoclaurine alkaloid, cepharanthine. 4) Cepharanthine also inhibits the mitochondrial. lipid peroxidation induced by Fe(2+). 5) The protective effect of cepharanthine against deterioration in mitochondrial functions caused by Fe(2+) depends on its inhibitive action on lipid peroxidation as well as on its membrane stabilizing action. 6) Cepharanthine inhibits the lipid peroxidation of soybean lecithine liposomes by (60)Co-irradiation. 7) The action of cepharanthine described above is common to head to head type of biscoclaurin alkaloids which have diether bonds.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15589111-121979放射線照射による下顎骨および歯の血管像変化に関する実験的研究15911647ENMotohisaIshidaRadiotherapy is an important mode of therapy for malignant tumors in the oro-mandibular area and the changes in vascularization which it causes are considered good indicators of both healing and the results of combined surgery and chemotherapy. The author studied the effects of radiotherapy on teeth and mandibular vascularization in 60 adult dogs. Cobalt irradiation of the lower right mandible was followed by intravascular injection of chloropercha to delineate the three-dimensional morphology of the changes. The histopathology, X-ray and macroscopic characteristics were also studied. The results were: (1) With 600 rad, fine capillaries around the roots of teeth increased. With 900-1,500 rad, the course of blood vessels became irregular. With 1,200 rad, there was a marked increase in capillary vessels which extended meanderingly. With 4,500 rad, the number of blood vessels was markedly decreased. Some vessels were irregular and unclear. (2) Vessels in the dental pulp showed mild meandering with 900 rad. They increased markedly with 1,200 rad and showed meandering. With 4,500 rad, the number of blood vessels decreased. (3) The histopathology showed that, with comparatively small amounts of irradiation, marked vascular disturbance accompanied by vascular dilation and edema had occurred. As the amount of irradiation increased, increased fibrosis of interstitial tissue, decreased numbers of blood vessels, and aseptic necrosis occurred, resulting finally in bone absorption and bone necrosis. (4) X-ray examination showed that mild constriction of the pulp cavity occurred. with 3,000 rad. This became marked with 4,500 rad and showed absorption. (5) Macroscopically, 900 rad caused mild edema in the cheek skin. With 3,000 rad, the oral cavity showed some ulceration. With 4,500 rad, necrosis of the gingiva occurred. (6) A certain correlation in the changes of blood vessels, X-ray findings, macroscopical, and pathohistological findings was evident.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558923-41980胃潰瘍に随伴せるCandida症に就いて387392ENMichioYamamotoShinKimotoYoshikoIguchiKeikoAkagiYoshioHirakiKanameAonoCandida症は真菌の一種のカンジダ属,特にCandida albicansによって起される疾病であり,本来は正常な皮膚,粘膜,糞便,喀痰,尿などに常在して人体に害を及ぼさない.近年各種の抗生物質,ステロイド製剤の開発に伴って,適応疾患に此等が容易に投与されており,此等薬剤の使用による副作用として色々な現象が現われて来ているが,そのうちの重要なる疾患の一つにCandida症が挙げられる.此のCandida症は上記薬剤の投与に依るのみならず,他疾患に基づく抵抗性の低下した患者においても認められることは周知の如くであり,例えば,白血病,再生不良性貧血,糖尿病等の患者,化学療法を受けた悪性腫瘍患者にも好発し易い.此等の場合多くは食道Candida症として見られることが多いが,今回我々の遭遇した患者は上記薬剤の投与もなく,心窩部痛を主訴として来院したものであり,食道,胃等の上部消化管X線検査によって,胃体中部小彎側に潰瘍像が認められ,潰瘍周辺部の粘膜像も不整を示しており一応悪性化が考えられた症例である.症例.患者は47才,主婦.主訴:約2週間前よりの心窩部痛.家族歴:特記すべきものなし.既往歴:生来健康であり薬剤常用等の経験はない.現病歴約2週間前より心窩部痛を来たし,その疼痛は心窩部をつまみ挙げる様であり特に空腹時に強く感じられ,時には夜中にも疼痛を来たすことがあった. 臨床検査 RBC,508×10(4),WBC,9200.分画像に異常なし.Hgb.16.0g/dl,MCV 98.0,GOT 26u,GPT 16u.尿一般検査では特に著変を認めない. 上部消化管X線検査 食道造影検査にては造影剤の通過は正常で狭窄等の異常所見なく,又粘膜レリーフ像にも著変は認められなかった.(Fig 1. A,B)胃造影検査では充満像では胃角部の短縮及び胃角上部小彎の不整が認められた.(Fig 2. C)圧迫撮影では小彎側中央部よりや,上方に潰瘍ニッシエがあり(Fig 2. D)潰瘍周辺は不整にして,通常みられる良性胃潰瘍よりもwallの巾が広く,又粘膜像においても潰瘍周辺部の顆粒状隆起,レリーフの不整が見られ,良性潰瘍像と少し異ったレ線像を呈しているので潰瘍癌の疑を持ち胃生検を行なうことにした. 胃内視鏡所見 胃体中部小彎側に大きな潰瘍による陥凹部を認め,その辺縁は平滑であったが,潰瘍部の周辺は隆起し潰瘍表面は不整で出血を認めた.そこで潰瘍部のうち3ヶ所をえらんで組織生検を行った. 生検組織所見 岡山大学医学部病理学教室に依頼した病理診断所見によれば,「Gastric ulcer with candidiasis and repairing mucosa, no malignancy｣
であり,間質にはround cell infiltrationがある. bleedingを伴っており,ulcer floorにはfungusが増殖している.再生上皮,異型性は余りない. (Fig.4, E.F.G.H) 以上の結果によりCandidaが増殖している場合には,組織学的に悪性度は認め難い場合でもcancerを完全に否定し得ないこともあり手術に踏切った. 摘出標本組織診断 「Gastric ulcer (Ul-Ⅳ) and chronic active gastritis, no malignancy.」ulcer floorはnecrotic massとgranulationが著明で此のgranulation changeはadipose tissueに及んでいる(Ul-Ⅳ).mucosaは比較的異型性は軽度でmalignancyの所見は認められず,間質はround cellのnodular infiltrationが著明に見られた.以上の如く生検並に手術摘出標本の組織所見によって胃レ線所見において悪性像の如く考えられたのは胃潰瘍に併存したCandidiasisの為によって,斯くの如きレ線像を呈したものと思われる.術后経過における種々の臨床検査成績に著変なく患者は順調である.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15589111-121979小児潰瘍性大腸炎の1例14991505ENKazuhikoEharaIkuoJojaKatashiSatoKeijiHashimotoSetsuoMorimotoToyosatoTamaiYasuoMorinoKatsuhikoSugitaYoshioHirakiKanameAonoMasatadaTanabeMichioYamamotoUlcerative colitis in childhood is a rare disease in Japan. A 10-year-old male child was admitted to Okayama University Hospital with a chief complaint of mucous and bloody diarrhea. He had been treated conservatively in another hospital, but the symptoms had not improved. Barium enema examination revealed, from the sigmoid to the transverse colon, abnormal barium coating, numerous small niches, disappearance of the network pattern, and faint spiculations along the margins. Endoscopy demonstrated slight edema, hyperemia, easy bleeding and some purulent secretion. Biopsy specimens showed infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells and eosinophilic leucocytes in the mucosa. We made a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. The patient responded poorly to Salazopyrin and Penicillin, but improved considerably with corticosteroids.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558919-101979放射線照射による人赤血球の溶血と“セファランチン”による阻止作用11271137ENSosukeIidaX-radiation decreases the number of RBC in vivo and accelerates hemolysis in vitro, but the mechanism is still unclear. Taking the view that these phenomena are due to radical formation and active enzyme formation followed by accelerated peroxidation of cell membrane lipid and membrane structural changes we studied the morphological changes of RBC, changes in ion-partition, and the inhibitory effects of drugs. The results were as follows: 1) Hemolysis of human erythrocytes (RBC) was accelerated by x-radiation. The degree of such lysis was proportional to the degree of x-radiation. This lysis was inhibited markedly by the addition of cephalanthin. The inhibitory effect was dependent on the concentration. In high concentrations conversely acceleration occurred. 2) Soon after x-radiation and prior to hemolysis, human RBCs released K(+) bringing about a decrease in the K(+) partition. The time of this decrease paralleled the degree of x-radiation. The K(+)-partition decrease caused by x-radiation was inhibited by the addition of cephalanthin. 3) In parallel with the acceleration of erythrocyte membrane permeability by x-radiation, changes in RBC morphology were more likely, thus causing structural changes in the cell membrane. 4) Cephalanthin protects the RBC from its instability to x-radiation, and at certain concentrations it restores normal morphology to RBC that have an Echinocyte structure, but at high concentrations it makes RBC to assume a stomatocyte shape. 5) The above findings are discussed in terms of cell membrane injury mechanisms and the inhibitory effect of cephalanthin.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15589411-121982食道癌の放射線治療成績10371044ENToyosatoTamaiMasatadaTanabeKanameAonoKiichiroMizukawaHisaoWakabayashiKatashiSatohSetsuoMorimotoMotoomiOhkawaIkuoJohjaKanjiKojimaShinKimotoDuring the 6 years from 1969 to 1974, 31 patients with esophageal cancer were treated by radiotherapy with focal doses above 4,000 rad (40Gy). Cobalt 60 gamma rays were employed for the irradiation with parallel-opposing portals. Survival rates for these patients were 45.1% for 1 year, 12.9% for 2 years, 9.7% for 3 and 4 years, and 6.5% for 5 years; they mean survival time was 16.2 months. The results were tabulated according to the tumor types, lengths and sites and according to doses. Two of the 3 cases who survived more than 4 years were irradiated with 10,000 rad (100Gy) and more focal doses including reirradiation of local recurrences.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558915-61979肋骨軟骨肉腫の1例555560ENYasuoMorinoSetsuoMorimotoKatashiSatoKeijiHashimotoIkuoJojaToyosatoTamaiKanameAonoMasatadaTanabeHatsuzoUchidaNobuyoshiShimizuA 64 year old male was admitted to the Okayama University Medical School Hospital in June 1976. Although the patient had no subjective symptoms, the chest X-ray film revealed a tumor shadow in the left upper lung field. The tumor shadow was 8×9 cm, well demarcated, and homogenous. In 1969, at the time of an episode of pneumonia, the tumor shadow was 3×3 cm. At operation, the tumor was a chondrosarcoma of rib origin. The chest roentgenograms are described in this report.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.