start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=20 article-no= start-page=3627 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Regional and Vintage-Associated Differences in Commercial Chardonnay Wines from the Shandong Peninsula and the Chugoku Region: Physicochemical, Volatile, and Sensory Profiles with Exploratory Associations with Growing-Season Climate en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Integrated assessments of commercial Chardonnay wines from East Asia remain limited. This study compared wines from eight wineries—four in the Shandong Peninsula (China) and four in the Chugoku region (Japan)—across two vintages (2022–2023), with one bottle analyzed per winery–vintage combination, yielding 16 commercial wine observations. Physicochemical, HS-SPME-GC-MS volatile, sensory, and growing-season climate data were integrated. Among the sampled commercial wines, Chugoku wines generally showed higher acid retention and stronger floral–citrus characteristics, whereas Shandong wines were more fruit-forward, with higher fruity ester contributions in several 2023 samples. Exploratory climate–composition analysis identified a negative association between GDD and total terpenoids after FDR correction, whereas other associations did not remain significant after multiple-testing correction. These results indicate regional and vintage-associated differences among the sampled commercial wines. Because vinification practices and post-bottling factors were not fully controlled, climate–composition relationships should be interpreted as exploratory rather than causal. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YangDongyue en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Dongyue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YangYang en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Yang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiRuirui en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Ruirui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TangXiaohong en-aut-sei=Tang en-aut-mei=Xiaohong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhongKe en-aut-sei=Zhong en-aut-mei=Ke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaFumio en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiZhiyu en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Zhiyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunYuxia en-aut-sei=Sun en-aut-mei=Yuxia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Winegrape and Wine Technological Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Grape kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Winegrape and Wine Technological Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Grape kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Winegrape and Wine Technological Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Grape kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Winegrape and Wine Technological Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Grape kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Winegrape and Wine Technological Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Grape kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Winegrape and Wine Technological Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Grape kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Winegrape and Wine Technological Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Academy of Grape kn-affil= en-keyword=white wine kn-keyword=white wine en-keyword=aroma kn-keyword=aroma en-keyword=climate variability kn-keyword=climate variability en-keyword=comparative analysis kn-keyword=comparative analysis en-keyword=vintage variation kn-keyword=vintage variation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=333 end-page=337 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transient Atrioventricular Conduction Disturbances in a Case of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A 79-year-old woman with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) developed progressive atrioventricular (AV) conduction disturbances during hospitalization. On hospital day 6, first-degree AV block progressed to transient complete AV block, causing syncope and a 15-sec asystolic pause. Echocardiography showed preserved ventricular function, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging did not support clinically overt myocarditis. A temporary transvenous pacemaker was inserted, and AV conduction recovered spontaneously; pacing was discontinued by day 9 without permanent pacemaker implantation. This case suggests that SFTS can cause reversible high-degree AV block and may warrant continuous twelve-lead electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring and timely temporary pacing. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadaKen-ei en-aut-sei=Sada en-aut-mei=Ken-ei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurihataTaeko en-aut-sei=Furihata en-aut-mei=Taeko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuramatsuSachiko en-aut-sei=Muramatsu en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoDaichi en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Daichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoAkihiko en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyashitaKohei en-aut-sei=Miyashita en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaisakaYuichi en-aut-sei=Saisaka en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= en-keyword=severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome kn-keyword=severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome en-keyword=atrioventricular block kn-keyword=atrioventricular block en-keyword=bradyarrhythmia kn-keyword=bradyarrhythmia en-keyword=temporary pacing kn-keyword=temporary pacing en-keyword=myocarditis kn-keyword=myocarditis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=327 end-page=332 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ruptured Intrahepatic Arterial Aneurysm due to Segmental Arterial Mediolysis Treated with Coil Embolization en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A 67-year-old man presented with sudden-onset abdominal pain and hemorrhagic shock. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed a large hematoma in hepatic segments VI-VII with capsular rupture and hemoperitoneum. CT angiography demonstrated a saccular pseudoaneurysm in a posterior segmental branch of the right hepatic artery and a beaded appearance with irregular dilatation and segmental narrowing of the right hepatic artery branches, without inflammatory or atherosclerotic findings, supporting a diagnosis of segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM). Emergency angiography followed by coil embolization achieved hemostasis. Follow-up CT at 5 months showed complete exclusion of the aneurysmal lesions, with no evidence of recurrence or new vascular lesions. Coil embolization may be an effective, minimally invasive option for ruptured intrahepatic SAM lesions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HataYurika en-aut-sei=Hata en-aut-mei=Yurika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabuchiMotoyasu en-aut-sei=Tabuchi en-aut-mei=Motoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoShinya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraShuta en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Shuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UemuraSunao en-aut-sei=Uemura en-aut-mei=Sunao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumaruTeppei en-aut-sei=Tokumaru en-aut-mei=Teppei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimatuRika en-aut-sei=Yoshimatu en-aut-mei=Rika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= en-keyword=segmental arterial mediolysis kn-keyword=segmental arterial mediolysis en-keyword=hepatic artery kn-keyword=hepatic artery en-keyword=intra-abdominal hemorrhage kn-keyword=intra-abdominal hemorrhage END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=317 end-page=325 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Radiogenomic Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Predicting Pathogenic BRCA Variants in Ovarian Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study evaluated the feasibility of predicting pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants in ovarian cancer using radiogenomic analysis of contrast-enhanced MRI. Twenty six patients were analyzed, including 14 with pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants and 12 without. Contrast enhanced MRI was used to generate two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) tumor segmentations. Radiomic features extracted with PyRadiomics were reduced using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, yielding two selected features. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) models were trained on 18 patients and tested on 8, with performance assessed using sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The DeLong test compared AUCs between segmentation methods. Automated machine learning (AutoML) was performed with a training set of 20 patients and a test set of 6, with multiple performance metrics calculated. LDA achieved approximately 60% accuracy in both 2D and 3D test datasets. AUCs were 0.80 (3D) and 0.77 (2D), with no significant difference (p=0.85). AutoML identified CatBoost_BAG_L2_FULL as the optimal model, achieving accuracy above 80%. MRI-based radiogenomic analysis demonstrated moderate classification performance for identifying pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants in ovarian cancer. These preliminary findings suggest a potential role for noninvasive prediction, warranting further validation in larger cohorts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SaitoHayato en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Hayato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuiRyohei en-aut-sei=Fukui en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaHanako en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Hanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaAkihiro en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoShoji en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Okayama Diagnostic Imaging Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=ovarian cancer kn-keyword=ovarian cancer en-keyword=BRCA1/2 kn-keyword=BRCA1/2 en-keyword=radiogenomics kn-keyword=radiogenomics en-keyword=machine learning kn-keyword=machine learning en-keyword=MRI kn-keyword=MRI END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=309 end-page=316 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dynamics of Serum Amyloid A Levels in the Blood, Brain and Liver in a Mouse Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study examined the dynamics of serum amyloid A (SAA) levels in the blood, brain, and liver over time using a mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) for 4 h followed by reperfusion. Blood SAA concentrations increased transiently after cerebral infarction, coinciding with changes in brain and liver SAA gene expression and protein levels. SAA concentrations in the brain, liver, and blood increased at similar time points after cerebral infarction, suggesting that SAA may serve as an important indicator of the associated pathological condition. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EgashiraSaki en-aut-sei=Egashira en-aut-mei=Saki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoTakafumi en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IrieKeiichi en-aut-sei=Irie en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshioSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ushio en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ManabeAkiko en-aut-sei=Manabe en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasakiAyuko en-aut-sei=Masaki en-aut-mei=Ayuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukaiRie en-aut-sei=Mukai en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaMasato en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SathoTomomitsu en-aut-sei=Satho en-aut-mei=Tomomitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoKazunori en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MishimaKenichi en-aut-sei=Mishima en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oncology and Infectious Disease Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Disaster Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Immunological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= en-keyword=stroke kn-keyword=stroke en-keyword=cerebral ischemia kn-keyword=cerebral ischemia en-keyword=serum amyloid A kn-keyword=serum amyloid A en-keyword=temporal dynamics kn-keyword=temporal dynamics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=299 end-page=308 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prognostic Value of Combined Preoperative CALLY and SII Assessment in Patients Undergoing Resection for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study evaluated the prognostic significance of the C-reactive protein–albumin–lymphocyte (CALLY) index and systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index in predicting postoperative outcomes in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data from 102 patients with ESCC who underwent surgical resection at Western Theater General Hospital of China between January 2020 and July 2023. The associations between preoperative CALLY and SII indices and relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were examined. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and prognostic factors were identified using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Patients with a high CALLY index had significantly longer RFS (HR=0.30, 95% CI: 0.13-0.71), and those with a low SII index also had significantly longer RFS (HR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.12-4.41). Similarly, patients with a high CALLY index had significantly longer OS (HR=0.27, 95% CI: 0.13-0.55), and those with a low SII index had significantly longer OS (HR=2.27, 95% CI: 1.09-4.71). When patients were stratified into four groups, the low-CALLY–high-SII group showed significantly shorter RFS than the high-CALLY–low-SII group (HR=0.26, 95% CI: 0.11-0.61; p=0.013), and OS was also significantly worse in the low-CALLY–high-SII group (HR=0.22, 95% CI: 0.09-0.54; p=0.016). Univariate Cox regression analysis identified both CALLY and SII as significant prognostic factors. In multivariate analysis, the CALLY index and N stage were independently associated with RFS, whereas only tumor size remained independently associated with OS. The combined assessment of preoperative CALLY and SII indices may be useful for prognostic stratification in patients with ESCC undergoing upfront surgical resection. It may help identify high-risk patient subgroups with distinct survival outcomes, thereby providing a potential rationale for stratifying postoperative surveillance and tailoring individualized adjuvant strategies, although validation in larger prospective cohorts is warranted. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=XuTao en-aut-sei=Xu en-aut-mei=Tao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhengYing en-aut-sei=Zheng en-aut-mei=Ying kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HuangXuemei en-aut-sei=Huang en-aut-mei=Xuemei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LuoHong en-aut-sei=Luo en-aut-mei=Hong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command kn-affil= en-keyword=CALLY index kn-keyword=CALLY index en-keyword=SII index kn-keyword=SII index en-keyword=esophageal squamous cell carcinoma kn-keyword=esophageal squamous cell carcinoma en-keyword=prognosis kn-keyword=prognosis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=289 end-page=298 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=High Accuracy of Pelvic Tilt Measurement Using Three-Dimensional Planning Software: A Validation Study Using Dry Bone Models en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The “CR Alignment” function was recently introduced in ZedHip®, the hip joint module of ZedView®, to evaluate pelvic tilt in non-supine positions via two-dimensional (2D)‒3D matching using radiographs. However, its ccuracy has not been validated. This study therefore evaluated the accuracy of pelvic tilt measurements using the CR Alignment function in dry pelvic bone specimens. Two cadaveric pelvic bone models were placed in nine orientations (anterior/posterior tilt and left/right rotation). Both radiographic and CT images were acquired in each position. In Study 1, pelvic tilt measured directly from CT images was defined as the “true value.” Three observers used the CR Alignment function to calculate pelvic tilt on radiographs, and measurement errors were determined relative to the true values. In Study 2, measurement errors were compared between matched (same position) and mismatched (different position) imaging. In Study 1, the mean measurement error was 1.28±0.64°. Intra- and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.996-0.998 and 0.997, respectively. In Study 2, the mean errors were 1.20±0.88° (matched) and 1.32±1.03° (mismatched). This software exhibited high accuracy and reproducibility in 2D‒3D matching of pelvic tilt, with lower variability under matched acquisition, demonstrating its utility for pre- and postoperative assessment in joint arthroplasty. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KomutaYuki en-aut-sei=Komuta en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiNorio en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HommaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Homma en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunayamaKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Funayama en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiranoYuki en-aut-sei=Hirano en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorigomeYoji en-aut-sei=Horigome en-aut-mei=Yoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinatoIzumi en-aut-sei=Minato en-aut-mei=Izumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawashimaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Kawashima en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Comprehensive Musculoskeletal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Legal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Comprehensive Musculoskeletal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata Rinko Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University kn-affil= en-keyword=total hip arthroplasty kn-keyword=total hip arthroplasty en-keyword=pelvic tilt kn-keyword=pelvic tilt en-keyword=three-dimensional planning software kn-keyword=three-dimensional planning software en-keyword=two-dimensional and threedimensional matching kn-keyword=two-dimensional and threedimensional matching en-keyword=radiographic analysis kn-keyword=radiographic analysis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=279 end-page=288 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19 and Pneumonia: A Comparison Between the Pre-Omicron and Omicron-Dominant Periods in Okayama City, Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Diabetes mellitus is a well-established risk factor for severe COVID-19; however, few studies have examined this association during the Omicron-dominant period. We conducted a population-based study using surveillance data from the Okayama City Public Health Center in Japan to compare the risk of severe COVID-19 and pneumonia among patients with diabetes mellitus between the pre-Omicron (March 2020–December 2021) and Omicron-dominant (January–September 2022) periods. Among 98,905 COVID-19 patients aged 10 years or older, we calculated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) controlling for age, sex, smoking status, comorbidities, obesity, and the number of COVID-19 vaccine doses received. In the pre-Omicron period, diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with severe COVID-19 (aOR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.03-1.78), and this association persisted in the Omicron-dominant period (aOR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.10-2.17). Similar findings were observed for pneumonia. The association was more pronounced among patients aged 40-69 years than among those aged 70 years or older. These findings suggest that diabetes mellitus remains an important risk factor for severe COVID-19 even during the Omicron-dominant period, highlighting the need for continued clinical vigilance and early intervention in patients with diabetes mellitus. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyamotoSatoshi en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaoSoshi en-aut-sei=Takao en-aut-mei=Soshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=COVID-19 kn-keyword=COVID-19 en-keyword=diabetes mellitus kn-keyword=diabetes mellitus en-keyword=Omicron variant kn-keyword=Omicron variant en-keyword=severity kn-keyword=severity en-keyword=population-based study kn-keyword=population-based study END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=271 end-page=277 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Peroral Cholangioscopy for the Diagnosis and Management of Biliary Strictures: Current Evidence and Future Directions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) enables direct intraductal visualization and targeted biopsies for indeterminate biliary strictures. However, its diagnostic performance remains operator-dependent and is limited by sampling error. As artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly advanced in gastrointestinal endoscopy, AI-assisted cholangioscopy has progressed from proof-of-concept image classification to multicenter validation, feature detection, and real-time application. Recent studies using digital single-operator cholangioscopy have reported diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of experts in differentiating malignant from benign strictures, and feature-based approaches can automatically detect tumor vessels and other key visual characteristics. Beyond classification, generative models may enhance mucosal and margin visualization through virtual chromoendoscopy, potentially improving lesion-margin assessment. Furthermore, new models compatible with multiple systems are emerging to address device heterogeneity, which is a key barrier to routine practice. This review summarizes the current evidence on AI-assisted POCS, discusses practical considerations for clinical translation, and highlights future directions, including real-time integration and multimodal decision support. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoRyosuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=peroral cholangioscopy kn-keyword=peroral cholangioscopy en-keyword=artificial intelligence kn-keyword=artificial intelligence en-keyword=biliary stricture kn-keyword=biliary stricture en-keyword=deep learning kn-keyword=deep learning en-keyword=virtual chromoendoscopy kn-keyword=virtual chromoendoscopy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=20 article-no= start-page=3393 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Initial Psychometric Evaluation of the Japanese Version of the Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (CKDSE-J) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Self-efficacy is an important determinant of self-care among adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (CKD-SE) is a disease-specific measure, but its use has not been reported in Japan. This study translated and culturally adapted the CKD-SE into Japanese and conducted an initial psychometric evaluation. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Japanese adults with CKD stages G3a–G5 not receiving dialysis. Structural validity and internal consistency were evaluated in 227 participants, and construct validity was evaluated in 222. Structural validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). Results: The original 25-item four-factor CFA showed a poor fit, and ESEM yielded an improper solution involving Item 19. Sequential evaluation resulted in a 23-item structure. The 23-item CFA showed mixed fit, whereas Target ESEM showed improved overall fit (CFI = 0.935, TLI = 0.902, RMSEA = 0.060, SRMR = 0.033). However, several autonomy items showed weak target loadings and cross-loadings. Proposed subscale scores correlated positively with self-care behavior (r = 0.27–0.46), and McDonald’s omega ranged from 0.84 to 0.90. Conclusions: The 23-item CKDSE-J showed improved overall model fit under Target ESEM, but the structural definition of autonomy remained uncertain. Because the structure was refined and evaluated in the same sample, independent replication and further psychometric evaluation are needed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GengTingting en-aut-sei=Geng en-aut-mei=Tingting kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiwaraYuki en-aut-sei=Kajiwara en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimotoMichiko en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Doctor’s Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=chronic kidney disease kn-keyword=chronic kidney disease en-keyword=self-efficacy kn-keyword=self-efficacy en-keyword=self-care kn-keyword=self-care en-keyword=cultural adaptation kn-keyword=cultural adaptation en-keyword=psychometric evaluation kn-keyword=psychometric evaluation en-keyword=exploratory structural equation modeling kn-keyword=exploratory structural equation modeling END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=1525 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260204 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bioinformatic Prediction of Activation States in Molecular Network Pathways of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 (EIF2) Signaling and Coronavirus Pathogenesis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2) signaling plays a crucial role in regulating mRNA translation and initiating eukaryotic protein synthesis. Computational molecular network pathway analysis of the canonical pathways of the coronaviral infection revealed that EIF2 signaling is inactivated when the coronavirus pathogenesis pathway is activated and vice versa. Our computational analyses indicated that the coronavirus pathogenesis pathway and EIF2 signaling had inverse activation states. Computational investigation of upstream or downstream microRNA (miRNA) revealed that EIF2 signaling directly interacted with miRNAs, including let-7, miR-1292-3p (miRNAs with the seed CGCGCCC), miR-15, miR-34, miR-378, miR-493, miR-497, miR-7, miR-8, and MIRLET7. A total of 36 nodes, including 8 molecules (ATF4, BCL2, CCND1, DDIT3, EIF2A, EIF2AK3, EIF4E, and ERK1/2), 1 complex (the ribosomal 40s subunit), and 1 function (apoptosis) in the coronavirus pathogenesis pathway, overlapped with EIF2 signaling. Alterations in EIF2 signaling may play a role in the pathogenesis of coronavirus. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanabeShihori en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Shihori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=QuaderSabina en-aut-sei=Quader en-aut-mei=Sabina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoRyuichi en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHiroyoshi Y. en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=CabralHoracio en-aut-sei=Cabral en-aut-mei=Horacio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Innovation Centre of NanoMedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= en-keyword=coronavirus kn-keyword=coronavirus en-keyword=EIF2 signaling kn-keyword=EIF2 signaling en-keyword=microRNA kn-keyword=microRNA en-keyword=molecular pathway kn-keyword=molecular pathway en-keyword=network activation kn-keyword=network activation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Delta morphology reveals timings of early ocean regression and hydrologic shift on ancient Mars en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mars’ ancient hydrologic history remains a subject of debate, with competing interpretations suggesting either a large ocean or scattered lacustrine environments. Here, we show that delta morphology on Mars records a shift between these hydrologic regimes. Through controlled tank experiments, we identify two distinct delta types: “lobe-extruding deltas” formed during water-level falls and “stepped fan-deltas” formed during rising water levels. The lobe-extruding deltas occur near proposed paleo-coastlines and are dated to ~3.8–3.2 Ga, consistent with the existence of a Late Noachian–Hesperian ocean and its subsequent regression in the Late Hesperian. In contrast, stepped fan-deltas are found at a wider range of elevations and exhibit significantly younger ages (~2.1–0.1 Ga), suggesting episodic, localized lake formation during the Amazonian. Our findings constrain the timing of the planetary-scale transition from a global hydrosphere to localized aqueous environments and refine the understanding of Mars’ paleoclimate evolution and potential habitability. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitoRen en-aut-sei=Kito en-aut-mei=Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RujTrishit en-aut-sei=Ruj en-aut-mei=Trishit kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MutoTetsuji en-aut-sei=Muto en-aut-mei=Tetsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OriGian Gabriele en-aut-sei=Ori en-aut-mei=Gian Gabriele kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomatsuGoro en-aut-sei=Komatsu en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Environmental Science, Nagasaki University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Università d’Annunzio kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Università d’Annunzio kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=hyag167 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260925 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Early progression after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: association with disease distribution in a single-center retrospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an important treatment option for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). However, some patients experience rapid disease progression shortly after ICI initiation, potentially resulting in deterioration of general condition and limited opportunities for subsequent treatment. This study investigated clinicopathological factors associated with early progression after ICI initiation in patients with R/M HNSCC.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 207 patients with R/M HNSCC treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab at a single institution. Early progression was defined as disease progression within 90 days after ICI initiation. Associations between clinicopathological factors and early progression were evaluated using logistic regression analyses.
Results: Early progression was observed in 80 patients (38.6%). In an exploratory survival comparison, patients with early progression had significantly shorter overall survival than those without early progression. Early progression rates increased from distant-only disease to locoregional-only disease and combined locoregional and distant disease. In multivariable analysis, combined locoregional, and distant disease showed the strongest independent association with early progression. Elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and hypoalbuminemia were also independently associated with early progression. In contrast, treatment regimen, treatment line, number of lesions, and bulky disease were not significantly associated with early progression.
Conclusion: Disease distribution was associated with early progression after ICI initiation in patients with R/M HNSCC, with combined locoregional and distant disease showing the strongest independent association. These findings suggest that both disease status and host condition may influence failure to achieve adequate disease control shortly after ICI initiation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NodaHiroki en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakinoTakuma en-aut-sei=Makino en-aut-mei=Takuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaoiYuto en-aut-sei=Naoi en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoShohei en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMizuo en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Mizuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=head and neck squamous cell carcinoma kn-keyword=head and neck squamous cell carcinoma en-keyword=immune checkpoint inhibitor kn-keyword=immune checkpoint inhibitor en-keyword=early progression kn-keyword=early progression en-keyword=locoregional disease kn-keyword=locoregional disease en-keyword=recurrent/metastatic disease kn-keyword=recurrent/metastatic disease END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260929 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Natural Variation in Brachypodium distachyon Primarily Links Lignin Reinforcement to Rhizoctonia solani Resistance en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FernandaRozi en-aut-sei=Fernanda en-aut-mei=Rozi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MahadevanNiranjan en-aut-sei=Mahadevan en-aut-mei=Niranjan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMegumi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataNanami en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiHidenori en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoutoshiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Noutoshi en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Tea Research Institute of Sri Lanka kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250311 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An XAI-based meta-parameter tuning for time-series forecasting en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=How can we efficiently determine meta-parameter values for deep learning-based time-series forecasting given a time-series dataset? This paper introduces Xtune, an efficient and novel meta-parameter tuning method for deep learning-based time-series forecasting, leveraging explainable AI techniques. In particular, this study focuses on optimizing the window size for time-series forecasting. Xtune determines the optimal meta-parameter value for these methods and can also be applied to tune the window size for anomaly detection methods that utilize deep learning-based time-series forecasting. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets and forecasting methods demonstrate that Xtune efficiently identifies the optimal meta-parameter value and consistently outperforms the existing methods in terms of execution speed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakagawaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumitaShimon en-aut-sei=Sumita en-aut-mei=Shimon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuchiyaTatsuhiro en-aut-sei=Tsuchiya en-aut-mei=Tatsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Osaka University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Osaka University kn-affil= en-keyword=Parameter optimization kn-keyword=Parameter optimization en-keyword=XAI kn-keyword=XAI en-keyword=Deep learning kn-keyword=Deep learning en-keyword=Time-series forecasting kn-keyword=Time-series forecasting en-keyword=Anomaly detection kn-keyword=Anomaly detection END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical impact of hypomagnesemia induced by necitumumab plus cisplatin and gemcitabine treatment in patients with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma: a subanalysis of the NINJA study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: The clinical impact of hypomagnesemia induced by necitumumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin (GCN) as a second-line or later therapy is unclear.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and survival impact of hypomagnesemia induced by this therapy.
Design: This was a sub-analysis of the retrospective multicenter NINJA study.
Methods: Among the 93 patients enrolled in the NINJA study, this subanalysis included 75 patients with baseline serum magnesium concentrations.
Results: The incidence of grade ⩾2 hypomagnesemia was 18.0% in the patients with normal baseline serum magnesium concentrations and 42.8% in those with low concentrations (p = 0.073). The discontinuation rates of GCN treatment owing to hypomagnesemia in each group were 0% and 7.1%, respectively (p = 0.187). The number of necitumumab doses and severity of hypomagnesemia were positively correlated (r = 0.389, p < 0.001). Patients who developed hypomagnesemia in fewer than 21 days after the first dose of GCN (n = 12) had significantly poorer progression-free survival (PFS) than those without the condition (n = 63; median: 4.1 vs 4.4 months, p = 0.048). A similar trend was observed for OS (median: 9.7 vs 15.7 months, p = 0.062). These results were maintained after multivariate analyses (PFS: hazard ratio (HR) 2.46, p = 0.014; OS: HR 2.78, p = 0.021).
Conclusion: GCN as a second-line or later therapy may be tolerable regardless of the patient’s baseline serum magnesium concentration. On the other hand, early serum magnesium reduction with this therapy is associated with a poor prognosis. However, caution should be needed because our results lacked sufficient information for confounding variables other than those analyzed here that may influence the correlation between hypomagnesemia and survival. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanzawaShigeru en-aut-sei=Tanzawa en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaHiroshige en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisumiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Misumi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyauchiEisaku en-aut-sei=Miyauchi en-aut-mei=Eisaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Kiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataYasunori en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaMasafumi en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaFumihiko en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Fumihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujishitaTakatoshi en-aut-sei=Fujishita en-aut-mei=Takatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugawaraShunichi en-aut-sei=Sugawara en-aut-mei=Shunichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawashimaYosuke en-aut-sei=Kawashima en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoKazuki en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriMasahide en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Masahide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyanagaAkihiko en-aut-sei=Miyanaga en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiAnna en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Anna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHisashi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaRyoichi en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Ryoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojiriMasafumi en-aut-sei=Nojiri en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYuki en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=HataAkito en-aut-sei=Hata en-aut-mei=Akito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaNobuhisa en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Nobuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=KozukiToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kozuki en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraTakahisa en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoGo en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiTeppei en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Teppei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsumotoSatoshi en-aut-sei=Tetsumoto en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeSatoshi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmedaYukihiro en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Yukihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiKakuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Kakuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiiKazuya en-aut-sei=Nishii en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurunoKosuke en-aut-sei=Tsuruno en-aut-mei=Kosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisumiYuki en-aut-sei=Misumi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuraishiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kuraishi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiharaKen en-aut-sei=Yoshihara en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=36 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAkira en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=37 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboAkihito en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=38 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=39 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeKana en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=40 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekiNobuhiko en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Nobuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=41 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Data Science, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ichinomiya Nishi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ichinomiya Nishi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sendai Kousei Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sendai Kousei Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Osaka Toneyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Osaka Toneyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Asahi General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Thoracic Oncology, Kobe Minimally Invasive Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology and Medicine, NHO Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Suita Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Iwakuni Clinical Center, Iwakuni, Yamaguchi, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Iizuka Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Municipal Citizen’s Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Nagano Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=36 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=37 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=38 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=39 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=40 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Miyagi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=41 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=adverse event kn-keyword=adverse event en-keyword=hypomagnesemia kn-keyword=hypomagnesemia en-keyword=lung squamous cell carcinoma kn-keyword=lung squamous cell carcinoma en-keyword=necitumumab kn-keyword=necitumumab en-keyword=prognosis kn-keyword=prognosis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=5 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250213 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association Between Alcohol Use Patterns and Insomnia Symptoms or Poor Sleep Quality Among Adult Women: An Internet Cross-Sectional Survey in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is unclear whether patterns of alcohol consumption are associated with sleep disturbance. We aimed to investigate the relationship between comprehensive alcohol-related factors and insomnia symptoms, as well as sleep quality, among adult women in Japan. Responses to an online cross-sectional survey were gathered from 12,000 women. The survey items included demographic characteristics, alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, nightcaps, years of drinking), sleep-related factors (sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, sleep quality), lifestyle-related factors, and mental health. Binary logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and both insomnia symptoms and sleep quality. A total of 10,233 women were included in the final analysis. The results revealed that several alcohol-related behaviors, including the consumption of nightcaps and years of drinking, were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms and poor sleep quality. Specifically, nightcaps were significantly associated with all types of insomnia symptoms and poor sleep quality, with a higher odds ratio than other alcohol-related items. Our findings suggest that specific alcohol-related behaviors, particularly the consumption of nightcaps, are associated with insomnia symptoms and poor sleep quality among women. Intervention programs for alcohol consumption should be provided to prevent sleep problems among women. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakajimaSuguru en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Suguru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaneitaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Kaneita en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItaniOsamu en-aut-sei=Itani en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwabaraYuki en-aut-sei=Kuwabara en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinjoAya en-aut-sei=Kinjo en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinobeRuriko en-aut-sei=Minobe en-aut-mei=Ruriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaesatoHitoshi en-aut-sei=Maesato en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiguchiSusumu en-aut-sei=Higuchi en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaHideyuki en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimotoHisashi en-aut-sei=Yoshimoto en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=JikeMaki en-aut-sei=Jike en-aut-mei=Maki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KasugaHideaki en-aut-sei=Kasuga en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoTeruna en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Teruna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiYoneatsu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Yoneatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=National Hospital Organization, Ryukyu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Family Medicine, General Practice and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Showa Women’s University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Fukushima Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Food and Nutrition, Koriyama Women’s University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University kn-affil= en-keyword=alcohol drinking kn-keyword=alcohol drinking en-keyword=female kn-keyword=female en-keyword=sleep duration kn-keyword=sleep duration en-keyword=sleep quality kn-keyword=sleep quality END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=102 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=438 end-page=450 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202505 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Curve Fitting Method for Analyzing Starch Granule Size Distributions in Cereals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background and Objectives: The size distribution of starch granules is an important factor in determining the functional and nutritional properties of starch. However, a simple, standardized method for their analysis is lacking. Here, we developed an approach for estimating granule size parameters using a Python script that fits curves to volumetric granule size distributions generated using a Coulter counter.
Findings: The bimodal size distribution of starch from most wheat and barley cultivars could be best described with a mixed distribution curve. A log-normal distribution was fitted to the small B-type granules, and a normal distribution was fitted to the large A-type granules, allowing estimation of their relative abundance and size parameters despite their overlapping size distributions. However, the optimal fitting is altered in wheat mutants with large perturbations in B-type granule content. In maize and rice, which have unimodal granule size distributions, size parameters were calculated by fitting a single normal distribution.
Conclusions: Curve fitting is an effective approach for estimating starch granule size parameters in diverse cereals, particularly the Triticeae with A- and B-type granules.
Significance and Novelty: We provide new tools and guidelines for the quantitative analysis of granule size in cereals. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=McNellyRose en-aut-sei=McNelly en-aut-mei=Rose kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BriffaAmy en-aut-sei=Briffa en-aut-mei=Amy kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YiasoumiGeorgia en-aut-sei=Yiasoumi en-aut-mei=Georgia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UauyCristobal en-aut-sei=Uauy en-aut-mei=Cristobal kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushimaRyo en-aut-sei=Matsushima en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeungDavid en-aut-sei=Seung en-aut-mei=David kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=John Innes Centre kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=John Innes Centre kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=John Innes Centre kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=John Innes Centre kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=John Innes Centre kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=2110 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260921 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Virotherapy for Spinal and Spinal Cord Tumors: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tumors of the spine and spinal cord, including primary and metastatic vertebral tumors, intramedullary gliomas, and refractory intradural lesions, are challenging to treat because curative local therapy is limited by the eloquent, nonregenerating neural tissue surrounding them. Oncolytic virotherapy may offer a rational alternative by combining tumor-selective oncolysis with the induction of systemic antitumor immunity, while sparing normal neural cells. This review summarizes the current field of oncolytic viruses, including adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, reovirus, and others, in the context of spinal and spinal cord tumors. Clinical data in the spine remain scarce; however, the rationale is based on histological evidence from sarcomas and other tumors, extensive glioma experience, including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, and preclinical activity in nerve sheath and meningioma models. We discuss the telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus OBP-301 and its derivatives, whose hTERT-driven replication provides histology-agnostic tumor selectivity, while sparing the telomerase-silent spinal cord. This telomerase dependence, however, limits activity against tumors that maintain telomeres through the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway, such as many osteosarcomas and some spinal cord astrocytomas. We also discuss delivery and safety within the confined spinal canal, combination strategies, and future directions, such as extracellular vesicle-mediated delivery and biomarker-guided patient selection. Although clinical translation to the spine will require dedicated preclinical and early-phase studies, virotherapy represents a promising, mechanistically grounded modality for these therapeutically challenging tumors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UotaniKoji en-aut-sei=Uotani en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraTomohiro en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakatoriRyo en-aut-sei=Takatori en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaKazutaka en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Kazutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKenzaburo en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kenzaburo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinoharaKensuke en-aut-sei=Shinohara en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TazawaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Tazawa en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=oncolytic virotherapy kn-keyword=oncolytic virotherapy en-keyword=spinal cord tumor kn-keyword=spinal cord tumor en-keyword=spinal metastasis kn-keyword=spinal metastasis en-keyword=oncolytic adenovirus kn-keyword=oncolytic adenovirus en-keyword=OBP-301 kn-keyword=OBP-301 en-keyword=hTERT kn-keyword=hTERT en-keyword=telomerase kn-keyword=telomerase en-keyword=glioma kn-keyword=glioma en-keyword=blood–spinal cord barrier kn-keyword=blood–spinal cord barrier en-keyword=cancer immunotherapy kn-keyword=cancer immunotherapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=e70808 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260923 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Conformational stability and domain‐specific structural features of tumor autoantigens regulate autoantibody epitope propensity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Autoantibodies against tumor-associated autoantigens are clinically valuable biomarkers for cancer diagnosis; however, the structural determinants governing epitope selectivity remain unknown. Here, we investigated whether the intrinsic conformational stability of target autoantigens regulates the epitope propensity of tumor-associated autoantibodies in non-small cell lung cancer. Using a dual-antigen Luminex bead-based assay that presents each autoantigen in both native and S-cationized denatured forms, we directly compared IgG autoantibody reactivity toward conformational and linear epitopes across 11 autoantigens. Intrinsically disordered aggregation-prone autoantigens, including cancer/testis antigens, NY-ESO-1, and XAGE-1b, predominantly elicit linear epitope-directed responses, whereas thermodynamically stable soluble autoantigens generally drive conformational epitope recognition. Intriguingly, for autoantigens harboring both ordered and disordered segments, the immune response is strictly guided by domain-specific biophysics: while p53-specific antibodies preferentially target their flanking disordered regions, the Wilms' tumor protein 1 exceptionally drives conformational recognition directed toward its structured zinc-finger domains. Recombinant solubility in Escherichia coli broadly correlated with epitope class across all 11 autoantigens, confirming that prokaryotic folding efficiency generally reflects intrinsic conformational stability in vivo for autonomously folding monomeric cytosolic proteins. Independent computational validation was provided by the concordance between the experimental solubility ratios and AlphaFold3-derived Rosetta energy unit/solvent-accessible surface area values, demonstrating the convergence of thermodynamic estimates and patient-derived immune data within a unifying biophysical framework. These findings establish that the autoantibody epitope propensity is closely associated with the thermodynamic stability of the target autoantigen and provide a rational basis for tailoring antigen preparation strategies for autoantibody-based cancer diagnosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyamotoAi en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoRika en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Rika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaguchiRyui en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Ryui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KutsumaRikako en-aut-sei=Kutsuma en-aut-mei=Rikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriTakeru en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Takeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuiMirei en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Mirei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HonjoTomoko en-aut-sei=Honjo en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FutamiMidori en-aut-sei=Futami en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriiMariko en-aut-sei=Morii en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHiromi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuribayashiTadahiro en-aut-sei=Kuribayashi en-aut-mei=Tadahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=FutamiJunichiro en-aut-sei=Futami en-aut-mei=Junichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Life Science, Okayama University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=autoantibody kn-keyword=autoantibody en-keyword=biomarker kn-keyword=biomarker en-keyword=cancer/testis antigen kn-keyword=cancer/testis antigen en-keyword=epitope propensity kn-keyword=epitope propensity en-keyword=intrinsically disordered regions kn-keyword=intrinsically disordered regions en-keyword=protein engineering kn-keyword=protein engineering en-keyword=tumor-associated antigens kn-keyword=tumor-associated antigens END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=18 article-no= start-page=e2026GL123823 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260926 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hydrogen-Bond Symmetrization in Hydrous Aluminous Silica Enhances Deep-Mantle Water Cycle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(Al, H)-bearing CaCl2-type SiO2 serves as a key water carrier in Earth's deep-water cycle. Evolution of hydrogen-bond symmetrization in this phase was measured up to 62 GPa and 800 K by synchrotron infrared and Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. It undergoes symmetrization at ∼30 GPa and 300 K, while elevated temperature to 800 K lowers the onset pressure to ∼12 GPa. This implies that the symmetrized phase will form directly near the base of the transition zone in (Al, H)-rich subducted slabs, and deeper in (Al, H)-poor slabs via transformation from stishovite. More importantly, this symmetrization state stiffens the crystal lattice and immobilizes hydrogen within the structure, enhancing water retention and preventing hydrogen loss during subduction to the lower mantle. Our findings suggest that this phase acts as an important deep-water reservoir capable of transporting water to the lower mantle, thereby linking the deep-water cycle from Earth's surface to core-mantle boundary. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhaoChaoshuai en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Chaoshuai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaoZhu en-aut-sei=Mao en-aut-mei=Zhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuYingxin en-aut-sei=Yu en-aut-mei=Yingxin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunNingyu en-aut-sei=Sun en-aut-mei=Ningyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FuYunhua en-aut-sei=Fu en-aut-mei=Yunhua kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangJianbo en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Jianbo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiermannHanns‐Peter en-aut-sei=Liermann en-aut-mei=Hanns‐Peter kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaoRenbiao en-aut-sei=Tao en-aut-mei=Renbiao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=SKLab‐DeepMinE, MOEKLab‐OBCE, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for High‐Pressure Science and Technology Advance Research kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Deutsches Elektronen‐Synchrotron DESY kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for High‐Pressure Science and Technology Advance Research kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=hydrogen-bond symmetrization kn-keyword=hydrogen-bond symmetrization en-keyword=(Al,H)-bearing CaCl2-type SiO2 kn-keyword=(Al,H)-bearing CaCl2-type SiO2 en-keyword=deep-water cycle kn-keyword=deep-water cycle en-keyword=high temperature and high pressure kn-keyword=high temperature and high pressure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=100 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=592 end-page=605 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exploring the Clinical Diversity of Castleman Disease and TAFRO Syndrome: A Japanese Multicenter Study on Lymph Node Distribution Patterns en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Individuals diagnosed with Castleman disease (CD) and TAFRO syndrome (characterized by thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, bone marrow fibrosis, and organomegaly) displays a wide range of clinical symptoms, including varying patterns of lymph node enlargement, systemic inflammation, and impaired organ function. Some patients may present with both CD and TAFRO syndrome concurrently. A retrospective study conducted across multiple centers in Japan examined 321 cases to determine if the quantity and position of swollen lymph nodes could forecast the clinical progression and intensity of these conditions. Interestingly, the study revealed that patients with TAFRO syndrome exhibited lymphadenopathy across all ranges of lymph node region counts. Moreover, no specific clinical patterns were associated with the number of affected lymph node regions in CD patients, regardless of whether they also had TAFRO syndrome. These results enhance our understanding of the clinical variability in CD and TAFRO syndrome, suggesting that a comprehensive clinical evaluation, rather than relying solely on lymph node count, is crucial for effectively managing these conditions. Additional studies are required to establish reliable diagnostic markers and to predict disease severity at the time of diagnosis, ultimately improving patient outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsukaMizuna en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Mizuna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumiyoshiRemi en-aut-sei=Sumiyoshi en-aut-mei=Remi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuiShoichi en-aut-sei=Fukui en-aut-mei=Shoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanekoYuko en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuTakayuki en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsubeAtsushi en-aut-sei=Katsube en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoShingo en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasakiYasufumi en-aut-sei=Masaki en-aut-mei=Yasufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IdeMakoto en-aut-sei=Ide en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshifujiHajime en-aut-sei=Yoshifuji en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitanoMasayasu en-aut-sei=Kitano en-aut-mei=Masayasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYasuharu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawaNaoki en-aut-sei=Sawa en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiiroHiroaki en-aut-sei=Niiro en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraNaoya en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=FajgenbaumDavid C. en-aut-sei=Fajgenbaum en-aut-mei=David C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=van RheeFrits en-aut-sei=van Rhee en-aut-mei=Frits kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakamiAtsushi en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Takamatsu Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=DDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Collagen Disease and Rheumatology, Sumitomo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Nephrology Center and Department of Rheumatology, Toranomon Hospital Kajigaya kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology/Infectious Disease, Kyushu University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment & Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Castleman disease kn-keyword=Castleman disease en-keyword=clinical variability kn-keyword=clinical variability en-keyword=lymph node distribution kn-keyword=lymph node distribution en-keyword=multicenter cohort kn-keyword=multicenter cohort en-keyword=TAFRO syndrome kn-keyword=TAFRO syndrome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=MIT/TFE family transcription factors, Mitf and Tfec, redundantly promote pigment cell differentiation and retinal epithelium pigmentation in teleosts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Transcription factors of the MIT/TFE family—mitfa, mitfb, and tfec—play essential roles in specifying pigment cells derived from neural crest cells in vertebrates. In teleosts, which possess multiple pigment cell types, these factors exhibit partially redundant but largely distinct functions across different pigment lineages. We previously reported that the combined loss of mitfa and mitfb leads to a complete absence of melanophores, xanthophores, and leucophores in medaka.
Results: Here, we describe newly generated hypomorphic alleles of mitfa and mitfb, which result in delayed melanophore development. Using these hypomorphic mutants in combination with a newly generated null allele of tfec, we show that Tfec can partially compensate for the loss of Mitfa and Mitfb in melanophore, xanthophore, and leucophore differentiation. Consistent with previous findings in zebrafish, loss of tfec alone results in the complete absence of iridophores. Importantly, simultaneous null mutations in all three genes cause a complete loss of all four chromatophore types and lead to defective pigmentation of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), which is not derived from the neural crest in both Oryzias species and in zebrafish. Using an RPE-specific marker, we further show that the RPE is specified and structurally intact but fails to melanize.
Conclusions: These findings indicate that the redundant functions of Mitfa, Mitfb, and Tfec are not only essential for the specification of diverse pigment cell types but also critical for RPE pigmentation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ListerJames en-aut-sei=Lister en-aut-mei=James kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiwakaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Sugiwaka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraTetsuaki en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Tetsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaRieko en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Rieko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaMakoto en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiHikaru en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueChikako en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasengiKawilarang W. A. en-aut-sei=Masengi en-aut-mei=Kawilarang W. A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamahiraKazunori en-aut-sei=Yamahira en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaruseKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Naruse en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnsaiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Ansai en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KelshRobert N. en-aut-sei=Kelsh en-aut-mei=Robert N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HibiMasahiko en-aut-sei=Hibi en-aut-mei=Masahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoHisashi en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Human and Molecular Genetics and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biological Science, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) & Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institute for Basic Biology kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=World Medaka Aquarium, Nagoya Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical Gardens kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Photonics Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Biological Science, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=R&D Fish Breeding Group, Regional Fish Institute, Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Sam Ratulangi University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) & Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institute for Basic Biology kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Biological Science, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Biological Science, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= en-keyword=compound mutants kn-keyword=compound mutants en-keyword=melanization kn-keyword=melanization en-keyword=neural crest kn-keyword=neural crest en-keyword=retina kn-keyword=retina en-keyword=RPE kn-keyword=RPE END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260623 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Long-term association between the COVID-19 pandemic and language development at 3 years of age en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Few studies have examined the long-term association between the COVID-19 pandemic and language development in preschoolers or its effect modifiers. We therefore examined this association during health checkups of 3-year-olds in Japan.
Methods: This repeated cross-sectional study included 40,898 3-year-olds who underwent checkups in Okayama City, Japan. We compared children examined before (2017–2019) and during the pandemic (2020–2023). The primary outcome was physician-determined risk of language difficulties. The secondary outcome was children’s infrequent questions using words such as “what,” “who,” and “where.” Modified Poisson regression estimated RRs adjusted for confounders. Subgroup analyses examined effect modification by sex, childcare setting, and family size.
Results: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased risk of language difficulties (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.35–1.72). The association peaked in fiscal year 2021 and remained elevated throughout the pandemic. Secondary outcome showed elevated risk (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05–1.29). Girls and home-care children showed higher RRs than boys and preschool attendees.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with risk of language difficulties among 3-year-old children, with associations varying by sex and childcare setting. These findings suggest the importance of maintaining social interaction opportunities for young children during public health crises. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoRumi en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Rumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraKazue en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Kazue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=466 end-page=477 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260905 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Real-Time Estimation of Temperature Field and Thermal Displacement in Machine Tool Linear Motion Systems Using Servo Data en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Heat generated in machine tools during operation causes thermal deformation and deteriorates machining accuracy. To suppress thermal deformation and the resulting displacement, strategies such as reducing heat generation, cooling machine elements that generate heat, and compensating for thermal displacement are generally adopted. However, existing methods for estimating and compensating for thermal deformation and displacement can only be adopted in limited situations. In particular, there are few reports on real-time estimation methods that take into account moving parts and actual machine operating conditions. For high-accuracy machining, it is important to understand the temperature field and the associated displacement. In this study, real-time estimation of the temperature field and displacement is carried out on a test apparatus equipped with a ball screw drive system and a linear guideway system. In the estimation process, heat generation values are first calculated from servo data corresponding to the machine operation. Using these calculated values, the temperature field is then derived through the finite volume method. Finally, the thermal displacement is obtained from the temperature field using a simplified estimation method. The results are validated by comparison with experimental data and with results from commercial finite element method software, demonstrating the effectiveness and real-time performance of the proposed approach. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KondoRyoji en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Ryoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKazuhito en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kazuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=YASDA PRECISION TOOLS K.K. kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=machine tool kn-keyword=machine tool en-keyword=finite volume method kn-keyword=finite volume method en-keyword=temperature field kn-keyword=temperature field en-keyword=thermal displacement kn-keyword=thermal displacement en-keyword=real-time estimation kn-keyword=real-time estimation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=26394 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260530 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cold SiO2-rich slabs reaching the CMB revealed by the seifertite phase boundary en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A cold silica (SiO2)-rich subducted slab creates notable heterogeneity above the core-mantle boundary (CMB), influencing the evolution of the Earth’s mantle. This slab may exhibit characteristic anomalies in the longitudinal and shear wave seismic velocity above the CMB, attributed to the SiO2 phase transition into its dense polymorph, seifertite. However, the transition depth remains unclear due to the often-observed metastable phases in experiments. To address this long-standing challenge, we conducted laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments with synchronised rapid X-ray diffraction measurements alongside theoretical calculations. The slope of the seifertite phase boundary was less steep than previously estimated, and consequently, the temperature profile of the slab crosses the boundary twice, like the post-perovskite transition. We observed a decrease in shear wave velocity beneath Hawaii and Central America, and we found anti-correlation in seismic wave velocities matching the depth range of the seifertite transition in a cold slab beneath Central America. This may provide evidence that a cold SiO2-rich slab descends towards the CMB. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SinmyoRyosuke en-aut-sei=Sinmyo en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Kawaguchi-ImadaSaori en-aut-sei=Kawaguchi-Imada en-aut-mei=Saori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoRei en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Rei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsuruKeisuke en-aut-sei=Otsuru en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiKenji en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakumaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sakuma en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SueharaShigeru en-aut-sei=Suehara en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaitaniShuhou en-aut-sei=Maitani en-aut-mei=Shuhou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Physics, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Earth and Planetary Science, School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Environmental Circulation Composite Materials Group, National Institute for Materials Science kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Environmental Circulation Composite Materials Group, National Institute for Materials Science kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Physics, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=e70259 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Marine flatworms as windows into the evolution of bilaterian neuropeptide signalling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The evolutionary origin(s) of neuropeptide signalling is still largely unknown. It has been hypothesised that signal transmission via neuropeptides played a crucial role in the regulation of nervous systems in the bilaterian ancestor. Identification, expression and functional analyses of neuropeptides and their receptors across different taxonomic groups are important for better understanding the origin(s) of bilaterian neuropeptide signalling. An example is flatworms belonging to the Platyhelminthes (spiralian protostomes) and Xenacoelomorpha (sister to all Bilateria or sister to Ambulacraria). Despite their simple morphology (i.e., a body plan lacking a coelom and circulatory system), they often possess brain-like central nervous systems and a number of bilaterian-conserved neuropeptides. This feature makes them useful models for analyses of neuropeptides and their links to nervous systems. Although previous studies have revealed orthologous relationships between vertebrate neuropeptides and those found in both marine Platyhelminthes and Xenacoelomorpha, our work suggests possible ancestral functions of vasopressin/oxytocin (VP/OT) peptides (platytocin) in these groups. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakamuraRyo en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaMayuko en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Mayuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BaillyXavier en-aut-sei=Bailly en-aut-mei=Xavier kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoHirotaka en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Multicellular Marine Models Team, CNRS – Sorbonne University – Station Biologique de Roscoff kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Neuropeptide kn-keyword=Neuropeptide en-keyword=Nervous system evolution kn-keyword=Nervous system evolution en-keyword=Platyhelminthes kn-keyword=Platyhelminthes en-keyword=Xenacoelomorpha kn-keyword=Xenacoelomorpha END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=8291 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260703 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Water exchange process and bulk composition regulate slab dynamics and deep earthquakes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Water strongly influences deep mantle processes, including geochemical cycles, slab dynamics, and deep-focus earthquakes. Yet the stability and interactions of hydrous minerals with nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs) under the water-undersaturated conditions of subducting slabs remain unclear. Here we show, using high-pressure and high-temperature experiments on MgO–SiO2–H2O systems (~2 wt% H2O), that hydrous minerals progressively dehydrate in the mantle transition zone, transferring water to NAMs such as wadsleyite and ringwoodite, while the cold slab core stays nearly dry. Rapid dehydration near the top of the lower mantle may generate fluids linked to the deepest earthquakes. Our results indicate that dry olivine transformations, rather than dehydration embrittlement, likely trigger most deep-focus earthquakes, and that hydration variations in NAMs influence slab deformation and stagnation above 660 km. The bulk Mg/Si ratio controls hydrous mineral stability, suggesting harzburgite transports water more efficiently than peridotite. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhuJintao en-aut-sei=Zhu en-aut-mei=Jintao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaoRenbiao en-aut-sei=Tao en-aut-mei=Renbiao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangLifei en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Lifei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR) kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=SKLab-DeepMinE, MOEKLab-OBCE, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=1178 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260123 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Chloride-Transporting OsHKT1;1 Splice Variants and Their Expression Profiles Under Salinity Stress in Rice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OsHKT1;1, a member of the high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) family, plays a key role in Na+ homeostasis and salinity tolerance in rice. In our previous study, multiple potential OsHKT1;1 splicing variants were identified, as well as the full-length (FL) OsHKT1;1 transcript from the salt-tolerant rice Pokkali. However, most previous studies focused solely on the full-length protein, leaving the transport functions of splice variants largely unexamined. In this study, we focused on the splice variant OsHKT1;1-V2 and compared its function and gene expression with those of OsHKT1;1-FL. Two-electrode voltage clamp experiments using Xenopus laevis oocytes revealed that the 1st start codon of OsHKT1;1-V2 is functional to exhibit bidirectional currents in bath solutions containing NaCl. Unlike the Na+-selective feature of OsHKT1;1-FL, OsHKT1;1-V2 primarily mediated Cl− transport with weak Na+ selectivity, which was supported by the higher Cl− accumulation in OsHKT1;1-V2–expressing oocytes. Subcellular localization analyses using oocytes and Arabidopsis mesophyll cells indicated plasma membrane localization of OsHKT1;1-V2, similar to OsHKT1;1-FL. Functional assays using a yeast mutant further indicated that OsHKT1;1-FL, but not OsHKT1;1-V2, mediates Na+ uptake. The same OsHKT1;1 variants were identified in the japonica cultivar Nipponbare, and OsHKT1;1-V2 of the cultivar showed Cl− transport properties similar to the one from Pokkali. Quantitative PCR analyses revealed higher abundance of OsHKT1;1-FL transcripts in Nipponbare than in Pokkali with markedly lower OsHKT1;1-V2 levels in Pokkali under salt stress. This study provides a new insight into HKT-mediated ion homeostasis under salinity stress. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImranShahin en-aut-sei=Imran en-aut-mei=Shahin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoShuntaro en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Shuntaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieRie en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsuharaMaki en-aut-sei=Katsuhara en-aut-mei=Maki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieTomoaki en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Okayama, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University kn-affil= en-keyword=heterologous expression systems kn-keyword=heterologous expression systems en-keyword=Na+ selectivity kn-keyword=Na+ selectivity en-keyword=Cl− selectivity kn-keyword=Cl− selectivity en-keyword=rice kn-keyword=rice END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=e0086926 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Combinations of long terminal repeat and tax protein substitutions influence bovine leukemia virus transmission through altered viral productivity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection imposes a substantial economic burden on the global cattle industry. Although proviral load (PVL) in blood influences transmission, the effects of viral genetic variations, including the high viral production-associated long terminal repeat (LTR) substitution at nucleotide position 175 (LTR175), on herd-level dynamics remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of specific substitutions on the regulation of viral productivity and transmission. Longitudinal monitoring of a single farm (herd size: 50–68 cows; 438 samples collected) over a 7-year period revealed that viral strains carrying cytosine at LTR175 (LTR175C) significantly increased in frequency, becoming dominant over wild-type strains carrying thymidine. In contrast, amino acid substitutions in the Tax protein at positions 69 (Tax69) and 73 (Tax73) modified viral transactivation independent of LTR175. Structural modeling via AlphaFold2 predicted that Tax69 and Tax73 mutations alter protein properties, suggesting modulation of transactivation activity. Consistent with this prediction, in vitro assays confirmed that the substitutions modified viral production by regulating transactivation independent of LTR175. Moreover, high viral-productivity haplotypes containing LTR175C and Tax73Q (glutamine at amino acid residue 73) exhibited a transmission advantage within the herd, even when host PVL levels were not significantly elevated. These findings suggest that cellular-level viral productivity is one of the key determinants of transmission fitness. Overall, this study revealed a regulatory interaction between the LTR and Tax protein that optimizes viral spread and highlights the need for control strategies that account for viral genetic substitutions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiHironobu en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoReiichiro en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Reiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchiyamaJumpei en-aut-sei=Uchiyama en-aut-mei=Jumpei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SogawaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Sogawa en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaHiroho en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Hiroho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nagai en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=School of Life and EnvironmentaScience, Azabu University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University kn-affil= en-keyword=bovine leukemia virus kn-keyword=bovine leukemia virus en-keyword=substitution kn-keyword=substitution en-keyword=transmission kn-keyword=transmission en-keyword=haplotype kn-keyword=haplotype en-keyword=molecular clone kn-keyword=molecular clone en-keyword=proviral load kn-keyword=proviral load en-keyword=reverse genetics kn-keyword=reverse genetics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=139 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=255 end-page=265 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Knockout of a single aquaporin, OsPIP2;4, decreases root water permeability in rice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aquaporins (AQPs) are membrane proteins that facilitate water transport and are present in nearly all bacterial, animal, and plant cells. In plants, AQPs are classified into four or more subfamilies, with plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) playing a key role in root water uptake and cellular water regulation. Previous studies have demonstrated that PIPs contribute to root hydraulic conductivity (Lpr) in various plant species. In this study, we examined the specific role of OsPIP2;4, one of the PIP-type aquaporins among 11 rice (Oryza sativa) PIP2s, in regulating Lpr. Transgenic rice plants, including OsPIP2;4-knockout (KO) and overexpressing (Ox) lines, were used for this investigation. Two independent KO lines, generated via the CRISPR-Cas9 system and T-DNA insertion mutagenesis, respectively, showed significantly lower Lpr compared to wild-type rice plants. The decrease in Lpr in the T-DNA KO line was associated with reduced OsPIP2;4 transcript levels, measured by real-time PCR, and lower OsPIP2;4 protein levels, as shown by immunohistochemical analysis. Conversely, no notable increase in Lpr was observed in the Ox lines. These results suggest that OsPIP2;4 is expressed in appropriate tissues in rice roots and is a key factor influencing Lpr. This research represents a significant step toward further understanding the physiological functions of OsPIP2;4 in rice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OnishiAya en-aut-sei=Onishi en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieTomoaki en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshitsukaRyo en-aut-sei=Ishitsuka en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasanoShizuka en-aut-sei=Sasano en-aut-mei=Shizuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieRie en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitoYunosuke en-aut-sei=Mito en-aut-mei=Yunosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UtsugiShigeko en-aut-sei=Utsugi en-aut-mei=Shigeko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaJunko en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MahdiehMajid en-aut-sei=Mahdieh en-aut-mei=Majid kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsuharaMaki en-aut-sei=Katsuhara en-aut-mei=Maki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Institute of Crop Science, NARO kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=PIP aquaporin kn-keyword=PIP aquaporin en-keyword=Rice kn-keyword=Rice en-keyword=Root hydraulic conductivity kn-keyword=Root hydraulic conductivity en-keyword=Root pressure chamber kn-keyword=Root pressure chamber END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=58 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A case of autoamputated primary uterine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with Pola-R-CHP therapy and CNS recurrence prophylaxis kn-title=自然脱落した子宮原発 DLBCL に対して Pola-R-CHP 療法と CNS 再発予防を行った１例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　A 55-year-old woman presented to her local physician with the chief complaint of genital bleeding. A 22×19-mm mass was noted on the patient's cervix, and during the internal examination the mass auto-amputated. The pathological examination of the auto-amputated mass revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). An examination by F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PET-CT) showed FDG uptake at physiological levels in the cervix, with no abnormal uptake in other organs. Cervical tissue was sampled after the spontaneous detachment of the cervical mass, and the biopsy of the cervical mass did not reveal findings suggestive of lymphoma. Six courses of chemotherapy with polatuzumab vedotin, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisolone (Pola-R-CHP) plus an intramedually injection of methotrexate, cytarabine, and predonisolone (IT-triple), followed by two courses of high-dose intrathecal methotrexate (HD-MTX) were adiministered, and the patient has remained recurrence-free for the more than 8 months since the completion of this treatment. Primary uterine DLBCL is an extremely rare disease with a high rate of recurrence in the central nervous system and a poor prognosis. Our search of the relevant literature identified very few reports describing the prognoses of cases with spontaneous tumor detachment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsadaHikaru en-aut-sei=Osada en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name=長田晃 kn-aut-sei=長田 kn-aut-mei=晃 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraMaiko en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Maiko kn-aut-name=木村真衣子 kn-aut-sei=木村 kn-aut-mei=真衣子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuneishiManaka en-aut-sei=Muneishi en-aut-mei=Manaka kn-aut-name=宗石愛花 kn-aut-sei=宗石 kn-aut-mei=愛花 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurayamaKozo en-aut-sei=Murayama en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name=村山晃三 kn-aut-sei=村山 kn-aut-mei=晃三 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiiyaDaigo en-aut-sei=Niiya en-aut-mei=Daigo kn-aut-name=新谷大悟 kn-aut-sei=新谷 kn-aut-mei=大悟 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiMakoto en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=竹内誠 kn-aut-sei=竹内 kn-aut-mei=誠 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name=藤井総一郎 kn-aut-sei=藤井 kn-aut-mei=総一郎 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 en-keyword=びまん性大細胞型Ｂ細胞リンパ腫 (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) kn-keyword=びまん性大細胞型Ｂ細胞リンパ腫 (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) en-keyword=子宮原発リンパ腫 (primary uterine lymphoma) kn-keyword=子宮原発リンパ腫 (primary uterine lymphoma) en-keyword=Pola-R-CHP療法 (Pola-R-CHP regimen) kn-keyword=Pola-R-CHP療法 (Pola-R-CHP regimen) en-keyword=HD-MTX療法 (HD-MTX regimen) kn-keyword=HD-MTX療法 (HD-MTX regimen) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1842408 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260820 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=New mechanistic insight into SARM1 activation: TRIM32-mediated ubiquitination is a key lever that actuates SARM1’s catalytic action, leading to axon degeneration and cell death en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) is an enzyme that cleaves nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and plays a role in disrupting neural circuits through axon degeneration and cell death. SARM1 is activated by changes in the nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)/NAD+ ratio and by various post-translational modifications, but its complete regulatory mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we report that tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32) activates SARM1 through specific ubiquitination triggered by anticancer drug treatment. TRIM32 promotes the attachment of Lys27-linked ubiquitin chains to Lys173 and Lys375 within the ARM domain, which is an autoinhibitory region of SARM1. This ubiquitination by TRIM32 increases SARM1’s NAD+-cleaving catalytic activity and enhances its ability to induce neurite degeneration and cell death. A mutant form of TRIM32 lacking the enzymatically active RING domain fails to promote SARM1 ubiquitination, and reducing TRIM32 levels decreases SARM1 ubiquitination. Additionally, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 13 (USP13), a known negative regulator of SARM1, can deubiquitinate SARM1. These findings suggest that TRIM32 is a key regulator of axon degeneration and cell death through its ubiquitination of SARM1. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurataHitoshi en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomonobuNahoko en-aut-sei=Tomonobu en-aut-mei=Nahoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKen-ichi en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Ken-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaRie en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaguchiMasakiyo en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Masakiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=axon degeneration kn-keyword=axon degeneration en-keyword=NAD + kn-keyword=NAD + en-keyword=SARM1 kn-keyword=SARM1 en-keyword=TRIM32 kn-keyword=TRIM32 en-keyword=ubiquitination kn-keyword=ubiquitination END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e77420 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Biomineral-Inspired Organic/Inorganic Colloidal Liquid-Crystalline Hybrids for Photoresponsive Adhesion en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bioinspired hybrid nanostructures offer a promising strategy for developing dynamic functional materials. Herein, we report a new class of photoresponsive liquid-crystalline (LC) adhesives based on organic/inorganic nanostructured colloidal hybrids. These LC materials are composed of a biomineral-inspired hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanorod and azobenzene-based forklike molecules. The organic/inorganic LC hybrids exhibit unusual photo-enhanced adhesion upon photoinduced order–disorder phase transitions of these LC materials. The photoresponsive adhesion functions of the colloidal LC hybrids are tuned by spacer moieties of the forklike molecules as well as mixing of the hybrids with the forklike molecules. The reversible photo-enhanced adhesion of the LC hybrids is achieved when the forklike molecule having oligooxyethylene spacers is hybridized with the HAp nanorod. The flexible oligooxyethylene spacers of the forklike molecule are effective for the formation of less ordered packing of the azobenzene units in the LC hybrids, which enables the dynamic photoresponsive functions. We propose an approach to the development of bioinspired photoresponsive LC materials through self-assembly of functional organic molecules and biomineral-based colloidal hybrids. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchidaJunya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiguchiRyuta en-aut-sei=Kiguchi en-aut-mei=Ryuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoRiki en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Riki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaYuta en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoTakashi en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=adhesion kn-keyword=adhesion en-keyword=biominerals kn-keyword=biominerals en-keyword=colloids kn-keyword=colloids en-keyword=liquidcrystals kn-keyword=liquidcrystals en-keyword=organic/inorganichybrids kn-keyword=organic/inorganichybrids en-keyword=photoresponsivematerials kn-keyword=photoresponsivematerials en-keyword=self-assembly kn-keyword=self-assembly END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1572 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Neoplasm-Related Mortality and the Social Determinants of Health en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Racial/ethnic and regional disparities in neoplasm-related mortality remain a significant public health challenge. In this study, we aimed to evaluate long-term trends in county-level neoplasm-related mortality rates by race/ethnicity in the United States and examine associations with social determinants of health. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional ecological study using population-based data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, including individuals residing in 50 states of the United States and the District of Columbia from 2000 to 2019. We analyzed age-standardized neoplasm-related mortality rates by ethnicity/race. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify significant changes in mortality trends, summarized as average annual percentage change. County-level correlations between mortality and key social determinants of health were also assessed. Results: Neoplasm-related mortality rates declined across all racial/ethnic groups from 2000 to 2019; however, disparities persisted. The age-standardized neoplasm-related mortality rates per 100,000 population decreased in all racial/ethnic subgroups. The average annual percentage change ranged from −0.94% (Hispanic and non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native) to −1.90% (Black). Sex-specific analyses revealed similar trends. Southeastern states experienced slower declines than Northeastern states did. County-level smoking and poverty rates were positively correlated, whereas the primary care physician-to-population ratio, excessive alcohol consumption rate, mammography screening rate, and median household income were inversely correlated with neoplasm-related mortality rate, varying by race/ethnicity. Conclusions: Targeted, community-specific interventions are required to reduce inequities in cancer outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiMariko en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakoNanami en-aut-sei=Sako en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=VuQuynh Thi en-aut-sei=Vu en-aut-mei=Quynh Thi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=DuraniUrshila en-aut-sei=Durani en-aut-mei=Urshila kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnsellStephen M. en-aut-sei=Ansell en-aut-mei=Stephen M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=CerhanJames R. en-aut-sei=Cerhan en-aut-mei=James R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=healthcare disparities kn-keyword=healthcare disparities en-keyword=disease kn-keyword=disease en-keyword=neoplasms/mortality kn-keyword=neoplasms/mortality en-keyword=regression analysis kn-keyword=regression analysis en-keyword=preventive health services kn-keyword=preventive health services en-keyword=mortality kn-keyword=mortality en-keyword=trends kn-keyword=trends END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e202500237 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=NUAK2 Inhibition Enhances Macromolecular Drug Delivery in a 3D Fibrotic Model of the Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) features a fibrotic tumor microenvironment that impedes drug delivery and significantly limits the successful clinical application of nanomedicines. Targeting signaling in pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), which drive fibrosis via excessive secretion of extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen I, may be useful in overcoming this fibrotic barrier. The AMPK-related kinases NUAK1/2 have recently gained interest as promoters of fibrosis, but whether they play a profibrotic role in PSCs remains unknown. Here, patient PSCs are used to assess NUAK1/2 involvement in the PDAC fibrotic barrier. Leveraging a 3D cell culture model of PDAC fibrosis, the effect of targeting NUAK1/2 on the permeability of macromolecular dextrans of various sizes, as well as physiologically relevant macromolecules, albumin and IgG, and clinical nanomedicines, Doxil and Abraxane, is investigated. NUAK1/2 inhibition is shown to diminish collagen I to enhance macromolecular permeability, via a mechanism independent of established pathways involving transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and yes-associated protein (YAP). Through isoform-specific knockdown, predominant NUAK2 involvement is demonstrated. Mechanistically, actin stress fiber regulation by NUAK2 is shown to be important. Altogether, these results show in vitro that NUAK2 promotes fibrotic signaling in PSCs and may be targeted to enhance macromolecular drug delivery in PDAC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakamuraMisaki en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Misaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHiroyoshi Y. en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhiraMayu en-aut-sei=Ohira en-aut-mei=Mayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ohta‐OkanoHaruko en-aut-sei=Ohta‐Okano en-aut-mei=Haruko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraReika en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Reika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SenoYu en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YaraSaaya en-aut-sei=Yara en-aut-mei=Saaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaSakura en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Sakura kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataDaichi en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Daichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasaya en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsadaKensuke en-aut-sei=Osada en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=CabralHoracio en-aut-sei=Cabral en-aut-mei=Horacio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasamuneAtsushi en-aut-sei=Masamune en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoMitsunobu R. en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Mitsunobu R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Materials Processing Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST) kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Bioengineering Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Division of Gastroenterology Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=fibrosis kn-keyword=fibrosis en-keyword=nanomedicine kn-keyword=nanomedicine en-keyword=NUAK kinase kn-keyword=NUAK kinase en-keyword=pancreatic cancer kn-keyword=pancreatic cancer en-keyword=tumor microenvironment kn-keyword=tumor microenvironment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e71081 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=AHG1–AFP interaction as a regulatory node in the ABA response during seed germination en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Seed dormancy and germination are tightly regulated by complex signaling networks that integrate internal and external cues, including the endogenous phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). ABA HYPERSENSITIVE GERMINATION 1 (AHG1), a group A type 2C protein phosphatase (PP2C), is thought to modulate the activity of transcription factors such as ABA INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5) in seeds and during germination. AHG1 is regulated by DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1), a key regulator of seed dormancy, through physical interaction. We previously reported that AHG1 also interacts with ABI FIVE BINDING PROTEIN 2 (AFP2), a member of the AFP family; however, the molecular basis of AHG1–AFP coordination has remained unclear. In this study, we show that AHG1 interacts with all AFP family members and that AFP3 binds AHG1 and ABI5 through adjacent but distinct amino acid residues within its C-domain, allowing simultaneous association with both proteins. In addition, AHG1 modulates the phosphorylation status of AFP3 at Ser60 in a DOG1-dependent manner, suggesting that DOG1–AHG1 regulates AFP3 post-translationally. Transcriptomic analyses of AHG1- or AFP3-overexpressing lines revealed that these factors are associated with the regulation of a shared set of ABA-responsive genes, including AFPs, and that AFP3 overexpression is predominantly associated with altered expression of genes involved in transcriptional regulation. Large-scale protein interaction analyses showed that AFPs interact with multiple classes of transcription factors, suggesting their involvement in diverse regulatory pathways, including ABA signaling. Together, these findings demonstrate that DOG1 regulates ABI5 function and modulates ABA responses, at least in part, by controlling AHG1-mediated dephosphorylation of AFPs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshiyamaSho en-aut-sei=Ushiyama en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtagiriMasato en-aut-sei=Otagiri en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohKouji en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Kouji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiNahomi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Nahomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IrisaTomoko en-aut-sei=Irisa en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsudaNobutaka en-aut-sei=Mitsuda en-aut-mei=Nobutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmezawaTaishi en-aut-sei=Umezawa en-aut-mei=Taishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraHideki en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NemotoKeiichirou en-aut-sei=Nemoto en-aut-mei=Keiichirou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuchiyaWataru en-aut-sei=Tsuchiya en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoRyoichi en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Ryoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawasakiTatsuya en-aut-sei=Sawasaki en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiToshimasa en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Toshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirayamaTakashi en-aut-sei=Hirayama en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Biomanufacturing Process Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Proteo-Science Center, PIAS, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Proteo-Science Center, PIAS, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Analysis National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8518 Japan kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= en-keyword=ABA kn-keyword=ABA en-keyword=AHG1 kn-keyword=AHG1 en-keyword=AFP kn-keyword=AFP en-keyword=ABI5 kn-keyword=ABI5 en-keyword=DOG1 kn-keyword=DOG1 en-keyword=seed dormancy kn-keyword=seed dormancy en-keyword=seed germination kn-keyword=seed germination en-keyword=Arabidopsis thaliana kn-keyword=Arabidopsis thaliana END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1680076 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prolonged TNF-α stimulation induces a PD-1–associated exhaustion-like phenotype in mesenchymal stromal cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases because of their potent immunomodulatory properties. Although acute inflammation transiently enhances MSC functionality, the impact of chronic inflammatory exposure remains poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the effects of sustained TNF-α stimulation and indirect co-culture with M1 macrophages on MSC behavior. Comprehensive gene expression profiling was performed to assess the changes in immunoregulatory, apoptotic, and metabolic pathways. To determine functional reversibility, we also evaluated MSCs following the withdrawal of TNF-α. Short-term exposure led to upregulation of Tgf-β, Il-10, and Fasl, whereas prolonged stimulation suppressed these genes and significantly increased the expression of immune checkpoint genes Pd-1 and Ctla-4, indicative of an exhaustion-like phenotype. This phenotypic shift was associated with sustained NF-κB activation, upregulation of Stat3 and Ap-1, suppression of mTORC1/2 components, decreased Pd-l1 expression, and increased Pd-1 expression, raising the possibility that PD-1 upregulation is associated with MSC dysfunction under chronic inflammatory stress. These findings revealed that prolonged stimulation (48 h) induces an exhaustion-like dysfunction state in MSCs, characterized by checkpoint activation, transcriptional repression, and metabolic dysfunction. PD-1 may serve as a biomarker associated with inflammation-induced MSC impairment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsunagaNaoya en-aut-sei=Matsunaga en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkiyamaKentaro en-aut-sei=Akiyama en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunAung Ye en-aut-sei=Mun en-aut-mei=Aung Ye kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZouTinling en-aut-sei=Zou en-aut-mei=Tinling kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoKazuki en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TagashiraRuji en-aut-sei=Tagashira en-aut-mei=Ruji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=immune checkpoint kn-keyword=immune checkpoint en-keyword=immunoregulatory dysfunction kn-keyword=immunoregulatory dysfunction en-keyword=mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) kn-keyword=mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) en-keyword=prolonged inflammatory stimulation kn-keyword=prolonged inflammatory stimulation en-keyword=TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) kn-keyword=TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=159 end-page=169 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260811 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An interdisciplinary approach to sampling hard rock cores of the oceanic crust for microbiological and biogeochemical research en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Studying life in the deep, rocky subseafloor involves many layers of technological and methodological challenges, and each drilling project or expedition must make a series of choices to address these challenges. We report on the workflow for sampling hard rock cores for microbiological and biogeochemical research that was developed and optimized during International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 399. All steps of the workflow, including selection of the sample and its shipboard homogenization and subsampling for specific analyses, were designed to maximize the potential for interdisciplinary collaborations and syntheses of results. Furthermore, multiple strategies to minimize and detect potential microbial and organic chemical contamination of the core samples were employed, including the shipboard detection of a fluorescent chemical tracer pumped into the drill fluid. Contamination tracer levels were detectable on the exterior surfaces of the core but absent in the homogenized interiors of most core samples. Based on the experiences and preliminary results of this expedition, recommendations for processing samples on future expeditions are presented. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BrazeltonWilliam J. en-aut-sei=Brazelton en-aut-mei=William J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=CavazosOscar en-aut-sei=Cavazos en-aut-mei=Oscar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RobareJordyn A. en-aut-sei=Robare en-aut-mei=Jordyn A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SouthamGordon en-aut-sei=Southam en-aut-mei=Gordon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuhonenJohanna en-aut-sei=Suhonen en-aut-mei=Johanna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangFengping en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Fengping kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=LangSusan Q. en-aut-sei=Lang en-aut-mei=Susan Q. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=McCaigAndrew en-aut-sei=McCaig en-aut-mei=Andrew kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=BlumPeter en-aut-sei=Blum en-aut-mei=Peter kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeNatsue en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Natsue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ColtatRémi en-aut-sei=Coltat en-aut-mei=Rémi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=DeansJeremy R. en-aut-sei=Deans en-aut-mei=Jeremy R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=DickersonKristin L. en-aut-sei=Dickerson en-aut-mei=Kristin L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodardMarguerite en-aut-sei=Godard en-aut-mei=Marguerite kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=JohnBarbara E. en-aut-sei=John en-aut-mei=Barbara E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KleinFrieder en-aut-sei=Klein en-aut-mei=Frieder kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuehnRebecca en-aut-sei=Kuehn en-aut-mei=Rebecca kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=LinKuan-Yu en-aut-sei=Lin en-aut-mei=Kuan-Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=LissenbergC. Johan en-aut-sei=Lissenberg en-aut-mei=C. Johan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiuHaiyang en-aut-sei=Liu en-aut-mei=Haiyang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=LopesEthan L. en-aut-sei=Lopes en-aut-mei=Ethan L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=NozakaToshio en-aut-sei=Nozaka en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=ParsonsAndrew J. en-aut-sei=Parsons en-aut-mei=Andrew J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=PathakVamdev en-aut-sei=Pathak en-aut-mei=Vamdev kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=ReaganMark K. en-aut-sei=Reagan en-aut-mei=Mark K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=WheatC. Geoffrey en-aut-sei=Wheat en-aut-mei=C. Geoffrey kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=International Ocean Discovery Program, Texas A&M University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=School of the Environment and Sustainable Minerals Institute, University of Queensland kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=International Ocean Discovery Program, Texas A&M University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Dept. of Geol. and Geophys., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=International Ocean Discovery Program, Texas A&M University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=ISTO, UMR 7327, Univ. Orleans, CNRS, BRGM, OSUC kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Geosciences Montpellier, CNRS, University of Montpellier kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Dept. of Geol. and Geophys., Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Institute of Geosciences and Geography, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Purdue University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Dept. of Geophysics, Stanford University kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Dept. Earth Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Dept. Geology, Central University of Punjab kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Iowa kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Global Undersea Research Unit, University of Alaska Fairbanks kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=259 end-page=264 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spinous Process Plate Fixation Alone for an AO Spine Osteoporotic Fracture (OF) 5 Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH)-Associated Thoracolumbar Fracture in a Nonagenarian en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) predisposes the spine to highly unstable fractures because of long lever-arm biomechanics. Unstable injuries, including AO Spine Osteoporotic Fracture (OF) type 5, are typically treated with long-segment posterior instrumentation; however, pedicle-screw fixation may be infeasible in very elderly patients with severe osteoporosis, critically narrow pedicles, and/or significant comorbidities. A 93-year-old Japanese woman presented with severe back pain without apparent trauma. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a T12 fracture with DISH, classified as OF5. The pedicles were critically narrow (3.7-4.1 mm), and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry confirmed severe osteoporosis. Because conventional pedicle-screw fixation was considered technically unsafe and excessively invasive, limited posterior stabilization was performed using a single spinous process plate spanning T10-L1. The operative time was 48 min and the estimated blood loss was 10 ml. Immediate postoperative CT confirmed appropriate implant positioning and maintained alignment. At the 1-year follow-up, CT demonstrated solid bony union with preserved alignment and no implant failure; the patient had remained pain-free and ambulatory. This case demonstrates that spinous process-plate fixation can be a minimally invasive salvage option for carefully selected very-elderly patients with DISH when pedicle-screw instrumentation is not feasible. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YabunoSatoru en-aut-sei=Yabuno en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YunokiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Yunoki en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiSaori en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Saori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirashitaKoji en-aut-sei=Hirashita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Rosai Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=DISH kn-keyword=DISH en-keyword=vertebral fracture kn-keyword=vertebral fracture en-keyword=osteoporosis kn-keyword=osteoporosis en-keyword=spinous process plate kn-keyword=spinous process plate END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=253 end-page=257 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hemorrhage from a Jejunal Lymphangioma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Lymphangioma is a benign tumor arising from lymphatic vessel proliferation and most commonly occurs in the head, neck, or axilla. Involvement of the small intestine is rare and is often overlooked as a source of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Because jejunal lymphangiomas frequently present with nonspecific symptoms and may escape detection by conventional upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy or cross-sectional imaging, diagnosis is often delayed. Advances in balloon-assisted enteroscopy have enabled direct visualization of small intestinal lesions, facilitating accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic decision-making. Here, we report a case of jejunal lymphangioma presenting with severe anemia due to active bleeding, which was detected by double-balloon endoscopy and successfully managed by laparoscopic-assisted resection. This case highlights the importance of considering small intestinal lymphangioma in the differential diagnosis of unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding and underscores the clinical utility of deep enteroscopy in identifying rare but clinically significant small bowel tumors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshikamiSachiko en-aut-sei=Ishikami en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraShuta en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Shuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabuchiMotoyasu en-aut-sei=Tabuchi en-aut-mei=Motoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoNao en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoYuki en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimatsuRika en-aut-sei=Yoshimatsu en-aut-mei=Rika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoManabu en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataJun en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= en-keyword=jejunal lymphangioma kn-keyword=jejunal lymphangioma en-keyword=double-balloon endoscopy kn-keyword=double-balloon endoscopy en-keyword=surgery kn-keyword=surgery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=247 end-page=252 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Post-Tracheostomy Fistula Formation Between the Trachea and Left Common Carotid Artery in a Pediatric Patient with Trisomy 18 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The long-term survival of individuals with trisomy 18 has improved, and the need for tracheostomy in this population has thus increased. We describe the case of a 3-year-old Japanese boy with trisomy 18 who developed a tracheoarterial fistula involving the left common carotid artery (LCCA). He underwent an emergency tracheostomy for respiratory failure secondary to pneumonia. Massive hemorrhage from the tracheostoma occurred on postoperative day 31, leading to his death. The autopsy revealed that the LCCA originated from the brachiocephalic trunk and coursed medially, forming a fistulous connection with the trachea. This case highlights the clinical importance of preoperative vascular mapping in patients with chromosomal abnormalities. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShiinaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Shiina en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHirokazu en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimotoJunko en-aut-sei=Yoshimoto en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimotoDaisaku en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei=Daisaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamuraTomoka en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimotoTerutaka en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Terutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=WashioYosuke en-aut-sei=Washio en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OyamaTakanori en-aut-sei=Oyama en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NodaTakuo en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=tracheoarterial fistula kn-keyword=tracheoarterial fistula en-keyword=tracheocarotid fistula kn-keyword=tracheocarotid fistula en-keyword=trisomy 18 kn-keyword=trisomy 18 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=241 end-page=246 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Resection of an Upper Mediastinal Ectopic Parathyroid Adenoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is typically caused by a parathyroid adenoma, although some cases arise from ectopic glands. Accurate preoperative localization is essential for guiding surgical strategy, particularly for mediastinal lesions. We report successful video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for an upper mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. A 68-year-old woman was referred for hypercalcemia during evaluation for recurrent ureteral stones. Laboratory tests revealed elevated serum calcium (13.2 mg/dl) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels (266 pg/ml). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and 99mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintigraphy identified a 20-mm mass adjacent to the right esophageal wall. VATS was performed due to the tumor’s mediastinal location. The lesion was resected with intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) to avoid recurrent laryngeal nerve damage. Postoperatively, iPTH and calcium levels rapidly normalized. Transient hypocalcemia and mild hoarseness occurred but resolved with calcium supplementation and conservative management. Pathological examination confirmed a parathyroid adenoma without malignancy. VATS offers a safe and minimally invasive approach for upper mediastinal parathyroid adenomas. IONM and vigilant calcium management are crucial for minimizing these complications. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive imaging, surgical planning, and postoperative care in managing upper mediastinal pHPT. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HasegawaYuta en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujimotoHironori en-aut-sei=Tsujimoto en-aut-mei=Hironori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UehataNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Uehata en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KariyaRisa en-aut-sei=Kariya en-aut-mei=Risa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IdeAsuma en-aut-sei=Ide en-aut-mei=Asuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTakafumi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujishimaSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Fujishima en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KouzuKeita en-aut-sei=Kouzu en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YaguchiYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Yaguchi en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaiKosuke en-aut-sei=Miyai en-aut-mei=Kosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuriharaAyumu en-aut-sei=Kurihara en-aut-mei=Ayumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgataSho en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsukumaSusumu en-aut-sei=Matsukuma en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=UenoHideki en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=primary hyperparathyroidism kn-keyword=primary hyperparathyroidism en-keyword=parathyroid neoplasm kn-keyword=parathyroid neoplasm en-keyword=ectopic tissue kn-keyword=ectopic tissue en-keyword=video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery kn-keyword=video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=233 end-page=240 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Regional Prevalence of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales in Okayama and Neighboring Prefectures, Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) are representative antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. We investigated the prevalence of CPE and ESBL-E in Okayama, Japan to clarify their current epidemiology and potential clinical burden. Active surveillance for CPE and ESBL-E was performed first, using stool samples submitted to the Okayama Medical Laboratory (Japan) in the years 2024-2025. Screening was performed using a selective agar (CHROMagar mSuper CARBA/ESBL). Phenotypic identification was conducted with the use of a modified carbapenem inactivation method and double-disk phenotypic confirmatory tests. Clinical information including patient age, sex, sampling date, and hospital address were collected, and the data were analyzed according to specimen origin (hospitals, clinics, and health checkups). A total of 2,000 stool samples were screened, of which two CPE isolates (0.1%) and 285 ESBL-E isolates (14.3%) were identified. By specimen origin, the ESBL-E positivity rate was significantly higher in hospitals (17.4%) than in clinics (11.8%). By age category, the late elderly (> 75 years) exhibited the highest ESBL-E positivity rate (22.6%) compared to other age groups. In the clinics and health checkups, infants (0 years) demonstrated high ESBL-E positivity rates (18.2% and 14.3%, respectively). Escherichia coli was the most common ESBL-E organism in the hospitals (77.2%), clinics (88.8%), and health checkups (87.5%). Our active screening demonstrated that the prevalences of CPE and ESBL-E were within the reported ranges; however, in this era of increasing internationalization, continuous surveillance of these notifiable pathogens is warranted. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgawaSakura en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Sakura kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaShinnosuke en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkazawaHidemasa en-aut-sei=Akazawa en-aut-mei=Hidemasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NambaSachie en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Sachie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirotaChiyoko en-aut-sei=Hirota en-aut-mei=Chiyoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishiueTomoyoshi en-aut-sei=Kishiue en-aut-mei=Tomoyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaraShohei en-aut-sei=Ibara en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoTakayuki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaGenshi en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Genshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IioKoji en-aut-sei=Iio en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiShuma en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Shuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotohKazuyoshi en-aut-sei=Gotoh en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Testing, Okayama Medical Laboratory Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Testing, Okayama Medical Laboratory Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Testing, Okayama Medical Laboratory Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Testing, Okayama Medical Laboratory Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Testing, Okayama Medical Laboratory Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Sales Promotion, Okayama Medical Laboratory Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Microbiology Division, Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=antimicrobial resistance kn-keyword=antimicrobial resistance en-keyword=carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae kn-keyword=carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae en-keyword=extended-spectrum β-lactamase kn-keyword=extended-spectrum β-lactamase en-keyword=infection prevention and control kn-keyword=infection prevention and control en-keyword=Okayama Medical Laboratory kn-keyword=Okayama Medical Laboratory END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=227 end-page=231 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Impact of Migraine on Cerebral Artery Dissection en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The impact of migraines as a risk factor for cervicocerebral artery dissection was retrospectively investigated in patients who had a cervicocerebral artery dissection. We first evaluated the patients’ medical records and history of migraine and then calculated the proportion of patients with migraine as well as the relevant vascular risk factors. The prevalence of migraine with respect to the location of the cervicocerebral artery dissection was also identified. Sixty-two patients (37 men, 25 women) had both a cerebral artery dissection and a record of migraine. Among them, 93.5% presented with an isolated headache, and 6.5% presented with a related stroke. Regarding the locations of the artery dissection, 56 (90.3%) were in the intracranial vertebral artery (VA), three (4.8%) were in the internal carotid artery, and one case each (1.6%) was in an anterior cerebral artery, basilar artery (BA), and both the VA and BA. Among the patients with VA dissection, 42 (73.7%) presented with migraines. Among the four patients with dissection of an artery of anterior circulation, only one (25%) had a migraine history. The frequency of migraines tended to be higher in the patients with VA dissection compared to those with a dissection of arteries of anterior circulation. These data suggest that (i) migraine is a potent risk factor for cerebral artery dissection, especially intracranial VA dissection, and (ii) the intracranial VA may be more susceptible to dissection compared to arteries of anterior circulation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KashiharaKenichi en-aut-sei=Kashihara en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamaguchiToshikazu en-aut-sei=Hamaguchi en-aut-mei=Toshikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaYasuko en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Yasuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama Neurology Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Okayama Kyokuto Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama Neurology Clinic kn-affil= en-keyword=cervicocerebral artery dissection kn-keyword=cervicocerebral artery dissection en-keyword=isolated headache kn-keyword=isolated headache en-keyword=migraine kn-keyword=migraine en-keyword=risk factor kn-keyword=risk factor en-keyword=vertebral artery kn-keyword=vertebral artery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=131 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e2026JB034225 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260816 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spin Transition of Ferric Iron in Silicate Glasses Inferred by High‐Pressure Electrical Conductivity Measurements en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Silicate melt has been proposed to exist near the base of the mantle and has been invoked to explain seismic and electrical conductivity anomalies observed near the core-mantle boundary; however, its presence and stability under lowermost-mantle conditions remain uncertain. Here we report high-pressure electrical conductivity measurements of Fe2+- and Fe3+-bearing pyroxene glasses (Fe3+/ΣFe ≈ 0.5), used as analogs of silicate melts, up to megabar pressures at room temperature. At lower pressures, conductivity increases with pressure and iron content, consistent with electron-hole hopping between Fe2+ and Fe3+. Above 77–85 GPa, all samples show a marked conductivity decrease, suggesting a pressure-induced spin transition of Fe3+. Previous studies have suggested that lower-mantle silicate melts may be enriched in Fe3+, and iron spin-state changes may modify iron partitioning between silicate melts and coexisting crystalline phases. Therefore, the Fe3+ spin transition inferred here may affect the evolution of deep-mantle melts through pressure-dependent changes in iron partitioning behavior. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MashinoIzumi en-aut-sei=Mashino en-aut-mei=Izumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaoShinji en-aut-sei=Kitao en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuiTakaya en-aut-sei=Mitsui en-aut-mei=Takaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaRyo en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SetoMakoto en-aut-sei=Seto en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= en-keyword=high pressure kn-keyword=high pressure en-keyword=electrical conductivity kn-keyword=electrical conductivity en-keyword=silicate glass kn-keyword=silicate glass en-keyword=diamond anvil cell kn-keyword=diamond anvil cell en-keyword=the Earth's mantle kn-keyword=the Earth's mantle en-keyword=ferric iron kn-keyword=ferric iron END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260514 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Updated ENIGMA recommendations for reporting germline variants in cancer susceptibility genes and their translation into twenty languages en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Genetic testing for cancer susceptibility underpins precision cancer prevention and care. Gaps in the healthcare providers’ genetic literacy and an ambiguous lexicon for variant description may hinder proper delivery and clinical application of consistently trustworthy test results. The Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles (ENIGMA) international consortium supports controlled terminology and recommends a framework for reporting germline variants in cancer susceptibility genes, using breast cancer as an exemplar. Moving forward towards terminological coherence across disciplines and borders, the ENIGMA Clinical Working Group launched a multinational effort to release consortium-approved translations of the published recommendations. The herein reported Vocabulary Translation Project offered an opportunity to reappraise and align the reference text to the recent BRCA1 and BRCA2 specifications to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology rules by the ENIGMA Variant Curation Expert Panel and to highlight country-specific differences in breast cancer risk assessment and management. The updated recommendations and their 20 translations are now provided as easy to handle documents, covering 11 of the most widely spoken languages in the world. They will contribute to minimised erroneous inferences, more informed decision-making, improved health outcomes and equity in the use of genetic testing for cancer predisposition and in translational oncology. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=De NicoloArcangela en-aut-sei=De Nicolo en-aut-mei=Arcangela kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EcclesDiana M en-aut-sei=Eccles en-aut-mei=Diana M kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AaltonenKirsimari en-aut-sei=Aaltonen en-aut-mei=Kirsimari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AlhopuroPia en-aut-sei=Alhopuro en-aut-mei=Pia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AriansenSarah Louise en-aut-sei=Ariansen en-aut-mei=Sarah Louise kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=BiancolellaMichela en-aut-sei=Biancolella en-aut-mei=Michela kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=CaputoSandrine M en-aut-sei=Caputo en-aut-mei=Sandrine M kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=CaronOlivier en-aut-sei=Caron en-aut-mei=Olivier kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=CavalliPietro en-aut-sei=Cavalli en-aut-mei=Pietro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChiangJianbang en-aut-sei=Chiang en-aut-mei=Jianbang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ClaesKathleen B M en-aut-sei=Claes en-aut-mei=Kathleen B M kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=CuaresmaEdgar Christian S en-aut-sei=Cuaresma en-aut-mei=Edgar Christian S kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=de la HoyaMiguel en-aut-sei=de la Hoya en-aut-mei=Miguel kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=De PauwAntoine en-aut-sei=De Pauw en-aut-mei=Antoine 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GarcíaEncarna B en-aut-sei=Gómez García en-aut-mei=Encarna B kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=HassanNur Tiara en-aut-sei=Hassan en-aut-mei=Nur Tiara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaukeJan en-aut-sei=Hauke en-aut-mei=Jan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirasawaAkira en-aut-sei=Hirasawa en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=HuangXin en-aut-sei=Huang en-aut-mei=Xin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ilagan-CargulloElaine Marisse H en-aut-sei=Ilagan-Cargullo en-aut-mei=Elaine Marisse H kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImotoIssei en-aut-sei=Imoto en-aut-mei=Issei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=JonnagadlaSowmya en-aut-sei=Jonnagadla en-aut-mei=Sowmya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=KarthikeyanManasadevi en-aut-sei=Karthikeyan en-aut-mei=Manasadevi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=KleiblovaPetra en-aut-sei=Kleiblova en-aut-mei=Petra kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonstantopoulouIrene en-aut-sei=Konstantopoulou en-aut-mei=Irene kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=KowalikArtur en-aut-sei=Kowalik en-aut-mei=Artur kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=KvistAnders en-aut-sei=Kvist en-aut-mei=Anders kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=LesueurFabienne en-aut-sei=Lesueur en-aut-mei=Fabienne kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiShao-Tzu en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Shao-Tzu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=36 ORCID= en-aut-name=López-FernándezAdrià en-aut-sei=López-Fernández en-aut-mei=Adrià kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=37 ORCID= en-aut-name=MachackovaEva en-aut-sei=Machackova en-aut-mei=Eva kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=38 ORCID= en-aut-name=MartinsAlexandra en-aut-sei=Martins en-aut-mei=Alexandra kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=39 ORCID= en-aut-name=MensenkampArjen R en-aut-sei=Mensenkamp en-aut-mei=Arjen R kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=40 ORCID= en-aut-name=MomozawaYukihide en-aut-sei=Momozawa en-aut-mei=Yukihide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=41 ORCID= en-aut-name=MontalbanGemma en-aut-sei=Montalban en-aut-mei=Gemma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=42 ORCID= en-aut-name=MonteiroAlvaro N A en-aut-sei=Monteiro en-aut-mei=Alvaro N A kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=43 ORCID= en-aut-name=NevanlinnaHeli en-aut-sei=Nevanlinna en-aut-mei=Heli kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=44 ORCID= en-aut-name=NgeowJoanne en-aut-sei=Ngeow en-aut-mei=Joanne kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=45 ORCID= en-aut-name=PalmeroEdenir Inez en-aut-sei=Palmero en-aut-mei=Edenir Inez kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=46 ORCID= en-aut-name=PedersenInge Sokilde en-aut-sei=Pedersen en-aut-mei=Inge Sokilde kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=47 ORCID= en-aut-name=QueFrances Victoria F en-aut-sei=Que en-aut-mei=Frances Victoria F kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=48 ORCID= en-aut-name=SantamariñaMarta en-aut-sei=Santamariña en-aut-mei=Marta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=49 ORCID= en-aut-name=Santana dos SantosElizabeth en-aut-sei=Santana dos Santos en-aut-mei=Elizabeth kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=50 ORCID= en-aut-name=SingerChristian F en-aut-sei=Singer en-aut-mei=Christian F kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=51 ORCID= en-aut-name=SiołekMonika en-aut-sei=Siołek en-aut-mei=Monika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=52 ORCID= en-aut-name=SolanoAngela R en-aut-sei=Solano en-aut-mei=Angela R kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=53 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoukupovaJana en-aut-sei=Soukupova en-aut-mei=Jana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=54 ORCID= en-aut-name=SureshPriyadharshini d/o en-aut-sei=Suresh en-aut-mei=Priyadharshini d/o kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=55 ORCID= en-aut-name=SzczepaniakMagdalena en-aut-sei=Szczepaniak en-aut-mei=Magdalena kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=56 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanYen Y en-aut-sei=Tan en-aut-mei=Yen Y kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=57 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeoSoo Hwang en-aut-sei=Teo en-aut-mei=Soo Hwang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=58 ORCID= en-aut-name=ThamEmma en-aut-sei=Tham en-aut-mei=Emma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=59 ORCID= en-aut-name=ThomassenMads en-aut-sei=Thomassen en-aut-mei=Mads kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=60 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsaousisGeorgios en-aut-sei=Tsaousis en-aut-mei=Georgios kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=61 ORCID= en-aut-name=HansenThomas van Overeem en-aut-sei=Hansen en-aut-mei=Thomas van Overeem kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=62 ORCID= en-aut-name=VegaAna en-aut-sei=Vega en-aut-mei=Ana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=63 ORCID= en-aut-name=Velasco-SampedroEladio A en-aut-sei=Velasco-Sampedro en-aut-mei=Eladio A kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=64 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangensteenTeresia en-aut-sei=Wangensteen en-aut-mei=Teresia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=65 ORCID= en-aut-name=WappenschmidtBarbara en-aut-sei=Wappenschmidt en-aut-mei=Barbara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=66 ORCID= en-aut-name=YannoukakosDrakoulis en-aut-sei=Yannoukakos en-aut-mei=Drakoulis kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=67 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoonSook-Yee en-aut-sei=Yoon en-aut-mei=Sook-Yee kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=68 ORCID= en-aut-name=SpurdleAmanda B en-aut-sei=Spurdle en-aut-mei=Amanda B kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=69 ORCID= en-aut-name=RadicePaolo en-aut-sei=Radice en-aut-mei=Paolo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=70 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Predictive Medicine: Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Duodecim Medical Publications Ltd kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=HUS Diagnostic Center, Laboratory of Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Genetics, Institut Curie kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Département de Médecine Oncologique, Gustave Roussy kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Medical Genetics, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=St. Luke’s Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Genetics, Institut Curie kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Area of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Tumor Biology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Skåne University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=INRASTES, Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Centre for Scientific Research-Demokritos kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=St. Luke’s Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Cancer Research Malaysia kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine and Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University of Cologne, University Hospital Cologne kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=St. Luke’s Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Si kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=INRASTES, Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Centre for Scientific Research-Demokritos kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holy Cross Cancer Centre kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology, Lund University kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=PSL Research University kn-affil= affil-num=36 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore kn-affil= affil-num=37 en-affil=Hereditary Cancer Genetics Group, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) kn-affil= affil-num=38 en-affil=Center for Medical Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute kn-affil= affil-num=39 en-affil=Univ Rouen Normandie, Inserm U1245 kn-affil= affil-num=40 en-affil=Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=41 en-affil=Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=42 en-affil=Department of Oncogenetics, MRC Holland kn-affil= affil-num=43 en-affil=Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=44 en-affil=HUS Diagnostic Center, Laboratory of Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki kn-affil= affil-num=45 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore kn-affil= affil-num=46 en-affil=Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=47 en-affil=Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Cancer Research Centre, Aalborg University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=48 en-affil=St. Luke’s Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=49 en-affil=Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela kn-affil= affil-num=50 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=51 en-affil=Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=52 en-affil=Genetic Clinic, Holy Cross Cancer Centre kn-affil= affil-num=53 en-affil=Departmento de Analisis Clinicos, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno" (CEMIC) kn-affil= affil-num=54 en-affil=Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague kn-affil= affil-num=55 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Genetics Service, National Cancer Centre Singapore kn-affil= affil-num=56 en-affil=Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holy Cross Cancer Centre kn-affil= affil-num=57 en-affil=Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=58 en-affil=Cancer Research Malaysia kn-affil= affil-num=59 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=60 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=61 en-affil=Genekor Medical S.A kn-affil= affil-num=62 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet kn-affil= affil-num=63 en-affil=Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela kn-affil= affil-num=64 en-affil=Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Splicing and Genetic Susceptibility to Cancer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad de Valladolid (CSIC-UVa) kn-affil= affil-num=65 en-affil=Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=66 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine and Center for Familial Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University of Cologne, University Hospital Cologne kn-affil= affil-num=67 en-affil=INRASTES, Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Centre for Scientific Research-Demokritos kn-affil= affil-num=68 en-affil=Cancer Research Malaysia kn-affil= affil-num=69 en-affil=Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=70 en-affil=Department of Experimental Oncology, Unit of Predictive Medicine: Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=19516 end-page=19529 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202611 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural Design of Litz Wires for Reducing AC Transport Current Loss Using an Equivalent Circuit Model Considering the Path of All Strands en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Litz wires are generally fabricated based on the proprietary know-how of wire manufacturers. Therefore, the design guidelines for the conductor structure of low-loss Litz wires have not been clearly established. In this study, we investigated the effect of differences in the conductor structure on the AC resistance using the equivalent circuit model considering the path of all strands. Moreover, we proposed design guidelines for the conductor structure of Litz wires to reduce AC resistance originating from strand paths. Furthermore, we prototyped Litz wires according to the proposed design guidelines and compared the AC resistance of the proposed Litz wires with that of commercial Litz wires. As a result, the AC resistance of the prototyped Litz wires according to the proposed design guidelines was reduced compared to that of the commercial Litz wires. Moreover, the quality factor of the spiral coil using the proposed Litz wire was higher than that using the commercial Litz wire. From the above results, we experimentally clarified that the proposed design guidelines for the conductor structure of Litz wires are effective in reducing the AC resistance originating from strand paths. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueRyota en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimSeokBeom en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=SeokBeom kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=AC resistance kn-keyword=AC resistance en-keyword=copper loss kn-keyword=copper loss en-keyword=equivalent circuit kn-keyword=equivalent circuit en-keyword=Litz wire kn-keyword=Litz wire en-keyword=spiral coil kn-keyword=spiral coil END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=764 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The New Era of Intraperitoneal Carboplatin in Ovarian Cancer: From Biological Rationale to Clinical Implementation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Epithelial ovarian cancer is predominantly characterized by peritoneal dissemination, providing a strong biological rationale for intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy. Although IP cisplatin-based regimens have demonstrated substantial survival benefits in pivotal randomized trials, toxicity and catheter-related complications limit their widespread adoption. IP carboplatin has emerged as a pragmatic alternative with improved tolerability while preserving its pharmacokinetic advantages. This review summarizes the biological and pharmacological rationale for IP carboplatin and critically examines the clinical evidence, with a particular emphasis on the Intraperitoneal Carboplatin for Ovarian Cancer (iPocc) trial and its divergence from Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG)-252. We further discuss the potential applicability of IP carboplatin beyond the traditional setting of minimal residual disease, including patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery, as well as its possible use in the contemporary era of maintenance therapy. Collectively, the accumulated evidence supports renewed consideration of IP carboplatin as a versatile component in modern ovarian cancer management. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NagaoShoji en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujikawaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Fujikawa en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYui en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniokaMomoko en-aut-sei=Tanioka en-aut-mei=Momoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImataniRyoko en-aut-sei=Imatani en-aut-mei=Ryoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniYoshinori en-aut-sei=Tani en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaHanako en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Hanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaHirofumi en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IdaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Ida en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaragaJunko en-aut-sei=Haraga en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaChikako en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi en-aut-sei=Masuyama en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=ovarian cancer kn-keyword=ovarian cancer en-keyword=intraperitoneal chemotherapy kn-keyword=intraperitoneal chemotherapy en-keyword=carboplatin kn-keyword=carboplatin en-keyword=dose-dense TC therapy kn-keyword=dose-dense TC therapy en-keyword=homologous recombination deficiency kn-keyword=homologous recombination deficiency en-keyword=PARP inhibitor kn-keyword=PARP inhibitor en-keyword=neoadjuvant chemotherapy kn-keyword=neoadjuvant chemotherapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=e0340963 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260113 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fertility-sparing surgery with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in early and locally advanced cervical cancer: A clinical protocol en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fertility preservation remains a critical concern in young women with early or locally advanced cervical cancer, as standard radical treatments compromise reproductive potential. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, oncological safety, and reproductive outcomes of fertility-sparing treatment involving neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by cervical conization and laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy. This single-center, prospective, open-label, single-arm, Phase II interventional study will assess patients with FIGO stage IB2–IB3 cervical cancer (FIGO stage 2018) desiring fertility preservation. Eligible patients will receive three cycles of dose-dense paclitaxel and carboplatin (dd-TC), followed by conization and laparoscopic lymphadenectomy. The primary endpoint is successful uterine preservation. Patients requiring concurrent chemoradiotherapy due to inadequate treatment response will not be considered successful. Secondary endpoints include 2-year recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), quality of life assessments, menstrual and ovulatory resumption, pregnancy, live birth, miscarriage, and preterm birth. Adverse events will be graded according to CTCAE v5.0. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniokaMomoko en-aut-sei=Tanioka en-aut-mei=Momoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoShoji en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IdaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Ida en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYui en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujikawaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Fujikawa en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImataniRyoko en-aut-sei=Imatani en-aut-mei=Ryoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniYoshinori en-aut-sei=Tani en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaHanako en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Hanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaHirofumi en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaragaJunko en-aut-sei=Haraga en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaChikako en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi en-aut-sei=Masuyama en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1762009 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Case Report: Multidisciplinary approach for complete resection of primary advanced low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma involving the iliac vessels and paraspinal region en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSC) is characterized by indolent progression and relative resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy, making complete cytoreduction the key prognostic determinant. However, extra-pelvic invasion presents significant surgical and functional challenges requiring coordinated multidisciplinary management.
Case presentation: A 62-year-old woman with FIGO stage IVB LGSC presented with right inguinal swelling infiltrating the femoral vein and abdominal wall. MRI and PET-CT revealed bilateral ovarian tumors and multiple lymph node metastases. A multidisciplinary operation involving gynecologic, orthopedic, plastic, and gastrointestinal surgeons was conducted. The procedures included total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, en bloc resection of the right inguinal lesion, femoral vein repair, and anterolateral thigh flap reconstruction. Complete resection (R0) was achieved. Postoperative recovery was favorable, with transient leg edema resolving within 4 months. The patient remains disease-free at 13 months after surgery.
Discussion: Strategic multidisciplinary collaboration enabled complete resection and functional preservation in this chemotherapy-resistant LGSC case. We propose the “Four Surgical Limits” framework—anatomical, oncological, functional, and interdisciplinary—as a structured concept guiding operative decision-making beyond conventional boundaries.
Conclusion: Multidisciplinary collaboration can overcome traditional surgical and oncologic barriers, achieving both radicality and quality-of-life preservation in advanced LGSC.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IdaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Ida en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoShoji en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujikawaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Fujikawa en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYui en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniokaMomoko en-aut-sei=Tanioka en-aut-mei=Momoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImataniRyoko en-aut-sei=Imatani en-aut-mei=Ryoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniYoshinori en-aut-sei=Tani en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaHanako en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Hanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaHirofumi en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaragaJunko en-aut-sei=Haraga en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaChikako en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi en-aut-sei=Masuyama en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=anterolateral thigh flap kn-keyword=anterolateral thigh flap en-keyword=extra-pelvic invasion kn-keyword=extra-pelvic invasion en-keyword=gynecologic oncology kn-keyword=gynecologic oncology en-keyword=low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma kn-keyword=low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma en-keyword=multidisciplinary surgery kn-keyword=multidisciplinary surgery en-keyword=surgical limit kn-keyword=surgical limit END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=61 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=1988 end-page=1991 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Stomatal Traits in Strawberry Cultivars: Variation among Plant Parts and Associations with Growth and Yield en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Stomatal traits are important determinants of photosynthesis and water use; however, their variation among plant parts and cultivars and their relationships with growth and yield in strawberry remain unclear. This study characterized stomatal density and guard cell length among plant parts and across 34 cultivars and examined their associations with growth and yield. Stomata were found not only on the abaxial leaf surface but also on petioles and calyces and occasionally on the adaxial surface of leaves. Both traits varied widely among cultivars and decreased between November and May. Stomatal density was significantly negatively correlated with plant height, estimated leaf area, and total yield in both seasons, whereas guard cell length showed no significant association with these traits. These results suggest that stomatal density may be a more relevant indicator of growth and yield in strawberries and that characterizing stomatal traits across plant parts and cultivars may support breeding and cultivation research. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Hikawa-EndoMinori en-aut-sei=Hikawa-Endo en-aut-mei=Minori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaRyosuke en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoTakayoshi en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Takayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO kn-affil= en-keyword=stomatal density kn-keyword=stomatal density en-keyword=guard cell length kn-keyword=guard cell length en-keyword=plant growth kn-keyword=plant growth en-keyword=yield kn-keyword=yield END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=e79001 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Durable Response to Nivolumab Combined With Metformin in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Case Report With Seven Years of Follow-Up en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report a case of poorly differentiated pancreatic cancer that showed an exceptional response to combination therapy with nivolumab and metformin. A 58-year-old man presented with epigastric pain and was diagnosed with locally advanced pancreatic cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis. After disease progression following modified FOLFIRINOX therapy (a combination of fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin), the patient was enrolled in a phase Ib clinical trial of nivolumab (3 mg/kg biweekly) combined with metformin (750 mg/day). Post-treatment imaging showed marked tumor shrinkage with normalization of the tumor markers. During treatment, the patient was diagnosed with early-stage lung cancer and underwent successful left S1+S2 segmentectomy with temporary suspension of immunotherapy. The therapeutic response of pancreatic cancer has been sustained for seven years, with minimal residual disease. This unprecedented response duration is particularly noteworthy considering his microsatellite stability, which typically predicts a limited response to immune checkpoint inhibition.
This case demonstrates an exceptional response to nivolumab and metformin combination therapy in poorly differentiated pancreatic cancer. The remarkable durability of the response suggests the need for further investigation to identify patients most likely to benefit from this therapeutic approach. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoRyosuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboToshio en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriguchiShigeru en-aut-sei=Horiguchi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoHironari en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Hironari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KozukiToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kozuki en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UdonoHeiichiro en-aut-sei=Udono en-aut-mei=Heiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Immunology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=immune checkpoint inhibitors kn-keyword=immune checkpoint inhibitors en-keyword=immunotherapy kn-keyword=immunotherapy en-keyword=metformin kn-keyword=metformin en-keyword=nivolumab kn-keyword=nivolumab en-keyword=pancreatic cancer kn-keyword=pancreatic cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=e70673 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Potential of quantitative X‐ray imaging from photon‐counting CT: A novel analysis based on effective atomic number and physical density en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Conventional CT assessment of lung lesions is based mainly on morphological features. CT values represent relative X-ray attenuation that does not directly reflect tissue composition and/or physical density. Quantitative imaging using photon-counting CT (PC-CT) has the potential to provide quantitative parameters, such as effective atomic number (Zeff) and effective physical density (ρeff).
Purpose: The purpose is to develop and demonstrate the potential of an algorithm that generates both the Zeff and ρeff images, derived directly from virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) acquired with a clinical PC-CT system.
Methods: The ρeff image was generated by fitting a database of mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ) to the measured linear attenuation coefficients (μ), which were obtained from two VMIs at 70 and 100 keV. As an effective material, Zeff information was also determined and fed back into the ρeff calculation. An in-house low-density phantom was scanned for quantitative evaluation of ρeff. In addition, to demonstrate the applicability of our procedure to actual clinical imaging, representative chest PC-CT images from patients were analyzed.
Results: In experiments using low-density phantoms, the CT values did not necessarily correlate with Zeff values, but they showed a very good correlation with the ρeff values. The ρeff values calculated using our procedure correlated well with the correct values of ρ. A relative root mean square error of ρeff calculation was 5.5%. Furthermore, we found that in pulmonary diagnosis, image contrast information from ρeff makes it easier to identify and distinguish lesions compared to that from Zeff.
Conclusions: The proposed procedure directly generated Zeff and ρeff images from PC-CT data and enabled quantitative interpretation of CT value in terms of elemental composition and physical density. In this study, the feasibility of generating Zeff and ρeff images was demonstrated. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsaharaTakashi en-aut-sei=Asahara en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigamiRina en-aut-sei=Nishigami en-aut-mei=Rina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimotoNatsumi en-aut-sei=Kimoto en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitaniMana en-aut-sei=Mitani en-aut-mei=Mana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimitsuYusuke en-aut-sei=Morimitsu en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiNoriaki en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigakiFumiyo en-aut-sei=Higaki en-aut-mei=Fumiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiological Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Junshin Gakuen University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=College of Transdisciplinary Sciences for Innovation Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan kn-affil= en-keyword=computed tomography kn-keyword=computed tomography en-keyword=density image kn-keyword=density image en-keyword=photon-counting kn-keyword=photon-counting en-keyword=virtual monoenergetic image kn-keyword=virtual monoenergetic image en-keyword=X-ray diagnosis kn-keyword=X-ray diagnosis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e71464 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260729 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of Tris(indol-3-yl)methanes From Indoles, CO2, and Dimethylphenylsilane With BPh3: Two-Step Construction of π-Conjugated Systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tris(indol-3-yl)methanes were synthesized from indoles, CO2, and PhMe2SiH in the presence of BPh3 in acetonitrile at 50°C. This is the first CO2 fixation reaction forming the aliphatic methine (>CH─) group. The isotope-labeling experiments clearly demonstrated that the carbon and hydrogen atoms of the methine group originated from carbon dioxide and dimethylphenylsilane, respectively. The mechanism for the multicomponent cascade reaction was elucidated by DFT calculations. One of the CO2-derived products, tris(4-bromo-1-methylindol-3-yl)methane, underwent palladium-catalyzed intramolecular cascade reactions for the selective formation of two novel polycyclic heteroaromatic compounds, where the methine C(sp3) atom originating from CO2 was converted into aromatic C(sp2) atoms. One is formally produced via double direct C─H arylation, Wacker-type oxidation, dehydrogenation, and debromination, while the other seems to be produced via the intramolecular homocoupling of aryl bromide, direct C─H arylation, Wacker-type oxidation, and dehydrogenation. Both of them are new intramolecular cascade reactions that are useful for the short-step construction of nitrogen-doped nanographenes. On the other hand, one of the CO2-derived products, tris(1-pentylindol-3-yl)methane, was converted into tris(1-pentylindol-3-yl)methylium methanesulfonate, which is a potential antitumor drug. This is the first derivatization of CO2 to a cationic C(sp2) center. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LiSha en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Sha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaibaraSo en-aut-sei=Saibara en-aut-mei=So kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiReito en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Reito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaishiKazuto en-aut-sei=Takaishi en-aut-mei=Kazuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NittaNatsumi en-aut-sei=Nitta en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EmaTadashi en-aut-sei=Ema en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=boranes kn-keyword=boranes en-keyword=carbondioxidefixation kn-keyword=carbondioxidefixation en-keyword=cascadereaction kn-keyword=cascadereaction en-keyword=heteroaromatics kn-keyword=heteroaromatics en-keyword=silanes kn-keyword=silanes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=104504 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association of initial interface formation time with CD34+ collection efficiency in continuous mononuclear cell collection: A retrospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Factors influencing CD34+ cell collection efficiency (CE) during peripheral blood stem cell harvesting have been investigated; however, the impact of procedural management remains unclear. In continuous mononuclear cell (CMNC) collection, a stable cell–plasma interface (IF) is formed through channel priming, initial IF establishment, and mononuclear cell (MNC) collection. Although IF instability is known to impair CE, the adequacy of initial IF formation has not been examined as an independent factor. Therefore, we focused on the time required for initial IF formation and its association with CE.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 291 Spectra Optia CMNC procedures (52 autologous and 239 allogeneic) performed between 2016 and 2025. Initial interface formation time (IFT) was defined as the interval from the start of the procedure to transition to MNC collection. CE2 was defined as the ratio of collected CD34+ cells to the product of pre-apheresis peripheral blood CD34+ cell concentration and processed blood volume. Results: CE2 was lower in autologous than in allogeneic collections (41.3% vs. 59.2%) and was associated with longer IFT (median, 18 vs. 15 min). CE2 correlated with white blood cell count (r = −0.24), hematocrit (r = 0.36), and IFT (r = −0.23; all p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, these factors remained independently associated with CE2, and IFT was inversely correlated with hematocrit (r = −0.44, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: IFT is independently associated with CE2 and provides insight into the early dynamics of IF formation during leukapheresis, highlighting an underexplored procedural aspect of CE. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiKeiko en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraWataru en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkeuchiKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Ikeuchi en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimonoJoji en-aut-sei=Shimono en-aut-mei=Joji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNobuharu en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Nobuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=CD34+CE2 kn-keyword=CD34+CE2 en-keyword=Continuous mononuclear cell collection kn-keyword=Continuous mononuclear cell collection en-keyword=Spectra Optia kn-keyword=Spectra Optia en-keyword=Interface formation time kn-keyword=Interface formation time en-keyword=Leukapheresis kn-keyword=Leukapheresis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=83 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=565 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260730 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Osmotic pressure, correlation lengths and viscosity of aqueous pullulan solutions beyond the overlap concentration en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigate the thermodynamic, scattering, and flow properties of pullulan, a flexible non-ionic polysaccharide in aqueous solution, focusing on semidilute and concentrated solutions. We review dilute solution data for the intrinsic viscosity and radius of gyration and hydrodynamic radius of aqueous pullulan and find the Kuhn length and thermal blob size, below which the polymer chain is nearly ideal, to be 3 nm and 20 nm, respectively. We establish the scaling laws for static correlation length, specific viscosity, osmotic pressure, and osmotic compressibility across dilute, semidilute, and concentrated regions, finding that the scaling exponents align well with theoretical predictions but the crossover concentrations obtained from different methods are not consistent. The ratio between the osmotic and Ornstein–Zernike correlation lengths ξΠ/ξOZ is approximately 2.5 for aqueous solutions, similar to that observed in polystyrene in a theta solvent. This similarity may arise because the crossover concentration between the semidilute and concentrated regions c∗∗ is close to the overlap concentration c∗. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MengLingzi en-aut-sei=Meng en-aut-mei=Lingzi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwatoRene en-aut-sei=Iwato en-aut-mei=Rene kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LopezCarlos G. en-aut-sei=Lopez en-aut-mei=Carlos G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University kn-affil= en-keyword=Pullulan kn-keyword=Pullulan en-keyword=Osmotic pressure kn-keyword=Osmotic pressure en-keyword=Correlation length kn-keyword=Correlation length en-keyword=Semidilute solutions kn-keyword=Semidilute solutions en-keyword=Concentrated solutions kn-keyword=Concentrated solutions en-keyword=Viscosity kn-keyword=Viscosity en-keyword=SAXS kn-keyword=SAXS en-keyword=SANS kn-keyword=SANS en-keyword=DLS kn-keyword=DLS END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=789 end-page=797 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Transplanting Date and Photoperiod on Flowering of Everbearing Strawberries en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Everbearing strawberries have the potential to produce fruit year-round if transplanted early. However, temperature and plant physiological status limit the continuous flowering. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether promoting flowering through long-day phototreatment enables earlier transplanting. The interaction between transplanting date and photoperiod in two everbearing strawberry cultivars was examined. In the 04 cultivar, which exhibited strong everbearing characteristics, rapid and continuous flowering occurred largely independent of long-day treatment, and early transplanting alone increased inflorescence number and early yield. However, excessive flowering was associated with reduced average fruit weight, soluble solid concentration, and firmness. Conversely, in Yotsuboshi, a cultivar with weak everbearing characteristics, earlier transplanting combined with extended photoperiods advanced the emergence of the first and second inflorescences. However, gains in total early yield were small, and the average fruit weight decreased compared with that in the control, indicating physiological stress. Across the cultivars, earlier inflorescence emergence was negatively correlated with days to flowering and positively associated with cumulative yield. For practical applications, cultivars with strong everbearing characteristics can be managed with early transplanting and minimal long-day supplementation to ensure early production. In contrast, cultivars with weak everbearing characteristics require extended photoperiods following early transplanting along with stress-mitigation strategies to maintain fruit size and quality. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Hikawa-EndoMinori en-aut-sei=Hikawa-Endo en-aut-mei=Minori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaRyosuke en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoTakayoshi en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Takayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO kn-affil= en-keyword=continuous flowering kn-keyword=continuous flowering en-keyword=fruit quality kn-keyword=fruit quality en-keyword=fruit yield kn-keyword=fruit yield en-keyword=inflorescence emergence kn-keyword=inflorescence emergence en-keyword=photoperiod kn-keyword=photoperiod en-keyword=transplanting date kn-keyword=transplanting date END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=61 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1884 end-page=1891 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202408 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Shoot-to-Root Ratio Serves as an Early Practical Indicator of Tipburn Risk in Lisianthus [Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.] Seedlings en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tipburn is a calcium-related physiological disorder that reduces lisianthus seedling quality, yet the factors underlying cultivar differences remain unclear. This study evaluated 10 lisianthus cultivars to determine whether the shoot-to-root (S/R) ratio and key physiological traits influence tipburn susceptibility. Seedlings were grown in a closed production system with restricted root volume and once-daily irrigation to enhance symptom expression. The S/R ratio varied significantly among cultivars (2.82–4.02) and was strongly correlated with tipburn incidence (r = 0.744, P < 0.05) and severity (r = 0.706, P < 0.05). Cultivars with higher S/R ratios exhibited greater tipburn, whereas those with lower ratios showed little to no symptoms. Diurnal measurements of transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, and electron transport rate revealed cultivar-specific physiological patterns; however, midday transpiration showed only a weak association with tipburn. These results indicate that biomass allocation, rather than physiological activity alone, is the primary factor governing tipburn susceptibility. The S/R ratio represents a simple and practical indicator for identifying high-risk cultivars in nursery production. Future studies should investigate the roles of calcium transport, developmental stage, and irrigation management in mitigating tipburn occurrence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SambaNethone en-aut-sei=Samba en-aut-mei=Nethone kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkiKureha en-aut-sei=Iki en-aut-mei=Kureha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoTanjuro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Tanjuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Hikawa-EndoMinori en-aut-sei=Hikawa-Endo en-aut-mei=Minori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasubaKen-ichiro en-aut-sei=Yasuba en-aut-mei=Ken-ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamaYoko en-aut-sei=Miyama en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Fukushima Prefectural Iwaki Agriculture and Forestry Office kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan; and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University kn-affil= en-keyword=biomass allocation kn-keyword=biomass allocation en-keyword=calcium deficiency kn-keyword=calcium deficiency en-keyword=cultivar kn-keyword=cultivar en-keyword=physiology kn-keyword=physiology en-keyword=transpiration kn-keyword=transpiration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260717 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tripartite Interaction Between Penicillium pinophilum-Host Plants and CMV-Y: A Model for Endophyte-Mediated Viral Biocontrol en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Plant-fungus-virus tripartite interactions represent complex ecological systems in which mutualistic endophytes can influence host physiology, yet the molecular basis of endophyte-mediated defence remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the endophytic fungus Penicillium pinophilum EU0013 suppresses the yellow strain of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Y) in Solanum lycopersicum and Nicotiana benthamiana. CMV-Y infection induced pronounced oxidative and hormonal perturbations, which were mitigated by P. pinophilum colonisation. Endophyte-associated plants exhibited early accumulation of jasmonate intermediates, consistent with the activation of jasmonate signalling. This response promoted the degradation of jasmonate-ZIM-domain proteins and release of core JA-responsive transcription factors. Virus-induced gene silencing identified MYC2 as a key regulator required for endophyte-mediated antiviral protection, with WRKY17 contributing to defence modulation. In parallel, transcriptome analysis revealed the upregulation of a Dicer-like gene, indicating enhanced engagement of RNA silencing, a primary antiviral mechanism targeting viral RNA. This coordinated activation occurred alongside significant induction of pathogenesis-related proteins, particularly PR9, and improved control of reactive oxygen species. Salicylic acid-responsive defences showed a host-modulated pattern, with PR1 induced by CMV and PR2/PR5 preferentially enhanced in endophyte-associated plants. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that P. pinophilum enhances antiviral immunity through coordinated defence integration pathways, providing a framework for endophyte-based viral disease management. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IbiangSarah R. en-aut-sei=Ibiang en-aut-mei=Sarah R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GalisIvan en-aut-sei=Galis en-aut-mei=Ivan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoHideki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Group of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Group of Plant-Insect Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Group of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Group of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=cucumber mosaic virus kn-keyword=cucumber mosaic virus en-keyword=endophyte‐mediated resistance kn-keyword=endophyte‐mediated resistance en-keyword=jasmonate signalling kn-keyword=jasmonate signalling en-keyword=pathogenesis‐related proteins kn-keyword=pathogenesis‐related proteins en-keyword=solanaceae kn-keyword=solanaceae en-keyword=tripartite interaction kn-keyword=tripartite interaction END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260715 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Triple Oxygen Isotope Compositions of Isotopic Reference Waters: Implications for VSMOW-Scale and VSMOW–SLAP-Scale Δ′17O Calibration en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Triple oxygen isotope ratios of waters are commonly reported on the VSMOW–SLAP scale, whereas comparison with theoretical calculations and assessment of instrumental scale distortion require accurate constraints on the measured isotopic compositions of the primary isotopic reference materials (iRMs) themselves. In particular, the measured δ17OVSMOW and Δ′17OVSMOW values for SLAP and its substitute, SLAP2, remain insufficiently constrained and reported values differ among laboratories. Here, we measured triple oxygen isotope ratios for two primary iRMs (VSMOW and SLAP) and twelve secondary iRMs (VSMOW2, SLAP2, GISP, GRESP, USGS45, USGS46, USGS46a, USGS47, USGS48, USGS49, USGS50 and USGS53) using BrF5 fluorination and dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. For SLAP, we obtained δ18OVSMOW = -55.50 ± 0.15‰ and δ17OVSMOW = -29.66 ± 0.08‰, giving Δ′17OVSMOW = 34 ± 6 per meg (all expanded uncertainties, k = 2). The corresponding values for SLAP2 agree within uncertainty. When expressed on the conventional VSMOW–SLAP scale, our Δ′17OVSMOW–SLAP values for all secondary iRMs with available literature values agree with previously published values within uncertainty, confirming interlaboratory comparability on that scale. In contrast, waters with low δ18O values, Δ′17OVSMOW values are systematically higher than the corresponding Δ′17OVSMOW–SLAP values. These results further suggest that accurate determination of the VSMOW-scale isotopic composition of SLAP and/or SLAP2 across laboratories is essential, particularly for low-δ18O samples, for which the difference between VSMOW-scale and VSMOW–SLAP-scale Δ′17O values becomes large, and for meaningful comparison between measured data and theoretical calculations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaRyoji en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Ryoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=PackAndreas en-aut-sei=Pack en-aut-mei=Andreas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=CoplenTyler B. en-aut-sei=Coplen en-aut-mei=Tyler B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=US Geological Survey kn-affil= en-keyword=primary isotopic reference material kn-keyword=primary isotopic reference material en-keyword=secondary isotopic reference material kn-keyword=secondary isotopic reference material en-keyword=triple oxygen isotopes kn-keyword=triple oxygen isotopes en-keyword=VSMOW-SLAP scale kn-keyword=VSMOW-SLAP scale END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260722 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dissociation between globe shape-induced rectus muscle pulley displacement and abduction limitation in patients aged 40 years and older with high myopic strabismus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose We hypothesized that high myopia (HM)-induced globe deformation displaces rectus muscle (RM) pulleys, contributing to mild ocular motility restriction. This study investigated the effects of globe shape on RM pulley positions in older Japanese patients with acquired strabismus (AS) and mild motility restriction—defined as the ability to abduct both eyes beyond the midline.
Methods In this retrospective case series, 28 patients (mean age ± standard deviation: 61.2 ± 9.0 years) with adult-onset AS were included: 6 patients with (LAB group) and 22 patients without abduction limitation (NLAB group). In each subject, the eye with the longer axial length (AL ≥ 26 mm), measured using an AL measurement apparatus, was analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RM pulley positions relative to the globe center and equatorial diameter (ED) were measured; the ED-to-AL ratio (EAR) was calculated. We compared these parameters between groups and analyzed correlations of globe-shape factors (EAR, AL, and ED) with pulley positions and age.
Results No significant differences in EAR, AL, ED, or pulley positions were detected between LAB and NLAB groups, possibly owing to the limited sample size and group imbalance, in the analyzed eyes. However, as EAR decreased (prolate deformation), the superior rectus (SR) pulley (r = 0.68, P < 0.01) and inferior rectus (IR) pulley (r = 0.40, P = 0.03) significantly displaced nasally. AL (r = -0.52, P < 0.01) correlated with the horizontal SR pulley position. Furthermore, age significantly correlated with AL (r = 0.45, P = 0.02) and decrease in EAR (r = -0.41, P = 0.03).
Conclusions In older Japanese patients with HM and AS, prolate globe deformation was associated with age and significantly correlated with SR and IR pulley positions. While the direct relationship between these structural changes and the clinical degree of mild abduction limitation requires further investigation in larger cohorts, EAR sensitively reflected age-related morphological shifts; thus, when used in conjunction with AL, EAR may represent a readily measurable MRI-based parameter associated with restrictive motility tendencies in strabismus with high myopia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonoReika en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Reika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamasakiIchiro en-aut-sei=Hamasaki en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoFumiko en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Fumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataKiyo en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Kiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorisawaShin en-aut-sei=Morisawa en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorizaneYuki en-aut-sei=Morizane en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Lino Eye Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Ophthalmology, Ibara City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Lino Eye Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Heavy eye syndrome kn-keyword=Heavy eye syndrome en-keyword=High myopia kn-keyword=High myopia en-keyword=Magnetic resonance imaging kn-keyword=Magnetic resonance imaging en-keyword=Prolate deformation kn-keyword=Prolate deformation en-keyword=Rectus muscle pulley kn-keyword=Rectus muscle pulley en-keyword=Strabismus kn-keyword=Strabismus END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1875734 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260703 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Quantitative resistance to Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 develops independently in leaves and roots of Brachypodium distachyon en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne phytopathogen with a broad host range, classified into multiple anastomosis groups (AGs). While the rice sheath blight pathogen AG-1 IA is well-studied, defense mechanisms against AG-4, which infects diverse monocots and dicots, remain unclear. Here, we screened 153 Brachypodium distachyon accessions for resistance to AG-4 HG-I+II using both leaf and soil inoculation assays. The accessions exhibited a quantitative resistance spectrum in both assays. Some accessions were resistant to both methods, while others showed resistance in only one, indicating that leaf and root defenses operate independently. Unlike the salicylic acid (SA)-dependent resistance observed in several accessions against AG-1 IA, AG-4 leaf resistance appears to be largely SA-independent. Among 22 resistant accessions, only eight induced the SA marker BdWRKY38, whereas twelve induced the jasmonic acid (JA) marker BdAOS. Additionally, resistance in Bd3–1 was unaffected by expression of the SA hydroxylase NahG. These results are consistent with previous findings that exogenous application of SA, JA, or ethylene fails to confer AG-4 resistance. Instead, most AG-4-resistant accessions showed common upregulation of cell wall biosynthesis-related genes following leaf infection, suggesting that cell wall fortification may contribute to defense against AG-4. These findings establish B. distachyon as a valuable model for dissecting resistance mechanisms against R. solani AG-4. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FernandaRozi en-aut-sei=Fernanda en-aut-mei=Rozi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MahadevanNiranjan en-aut-sei=Mahadevan en-aut-mei=Niranjan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KohnoNatsuka en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Natsuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoReiko en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Reiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMegumi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataNanami en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiHidenori en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KouzaiYusuke en-aut-sei=Kouzai en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MochidaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Mochida en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoutoshiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Noutoshi en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Crop Stress Management Group, Division of Plant Molecular Regulation Research, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Brachypodium distachyon kn-keyword=Brachypodium distachyon en-keyword=cell wall fortification kn-keyword=cell wall fortification en-keyword=phytohormone kn-keyword=phytohormone en-keyword=quantitative resistance kn-keyword=quantitative resistance en-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani kn-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani en-keyword=root infection kn-keyword=root infection END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=128 end-page=135 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Developing and Implementing a Disaster Prevention Game to Enhance Local Understanding en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study developed and implemented a local disaster prevention sugoroku-style game to address challenges in preserving and transmitting regional knowledge in areas with high population mobility. Many Japanese communities face both natural and social vulnerabilities, and effective disaster education requires linking hazard knowledge with local characteristics. Conducted at Sonan Junior High School in Okayama, the project combined lectures, workshops, and a community engagement event. Students learned about regional topography, land use, and disaster history and used this knowledge to design quizzes, rules, and disaster scenarios for the game. The final sugoroku set included a map-based board, thematic quiz areas, and preparedness item cards, enabling players to predict damage and consider appropriate actions. After creating the game, students shifted from identifying familiar landmarks to describing concrete disaster impacts such as liquefaction or infrastructure collapse. Interaction with local residents further enriched learning through shared experiences. The model proved feasible in terms of time and cost, and its structure is easily adaptable to other regions by incorporating local information. The findings suggest that this participatory, place-based approach enhances imagination, self-efficacy, and intergenerational knowledge transfer, contributing to community-wide disaster preparedness. Future studies will examine long-term educational impacts and broader regional applications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShirokaneMiri en-aut-sei=Shirokane en-aut-mei=Miri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaAiri en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Airi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisawaRyo en-aut-sei=Misawa en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MattaNobuhisa en-aut-sei=Matta en-aut-mei=Nobuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=disaster education kn-keyword=disaster education en-keyword=local disaster knowledge kn-keyword=local disaster knowledge en-keyword=disaster literacy kn-keyword=disaster literacy en-keyword=damage estimation abilities kn-keyword=damage estimation abilities en-keyword=community resilience kn-keyword=community resilience END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1050 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260423 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Differences in understanding of explanations and risk perception between dental staff and patients: a questionnaire study at a university hospital en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background and purpose: Proper self-care necessitates behavioral changes, underpinned by correct knowledge. Oral health literacy (OHL) research constitutes a fundamental foundation for fostering effective self-care practices. However, the extent of the awareness gap between patients and dental staff regarding explanations provided during treatment remains unknown. This descriptive study was conducted to serve as an initial step in bridging this gap.
Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to 92 dental staff members and 205 patients at university hospitals, with responses from 72 staff members and 157 patients.
Results: In the category assessing understanding of explanations (patient vs. dental staff), patients’ self-assessed understanding exceeded the dental staff’s estimates in three aspects: disease name (p = 0.03, r = 0.17), treatment period (p = 0.01, r = 0.21), and pain relief (p = 0.01, r = 0.19). Regarding health self-awareness, the high-scoring group significantly outperformed the low-scoring group in explaining treatment risks (p = 0.03, r = 0.21) and understanding (p = 0.01, r = 0.23). Nevertheless, patients’ risk recognition was higher than that of dental staff in three aspects: root canal treatment (p < 0.01, r = 0.23), holes in the teeth (p < 0.01, r = 0.24), and bleeding during toothbrushing (p = 0.02, r = 0.17). Questions on “crack” (p = 0.02, r = 0.21) by sex, holes in one’s own teeth (p = 0.05, r = 0.03), and feeling one’s own teeth wobble (p < 0.01, r = 0.07) in the intergenerational comparison showed significant differences.
Conclusion: Dental staff should not be satisfied merely with having "explained" something to the patient; they must engage in a confirmation process to verify the patient's correct understanding of the information or to identify excessive anxiety. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtomoShiho en-aut-sei=Otomo en-aut-mei=Shiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisakiMaoko en-aut-sei=Fujisaki en-aut-mei=Maoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagaseRisako en-aut-sei=Yanagase en-aut-mei=Risako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoritakeKanako en-aut-sei=Noritake en-aut-mei=Kanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Yanagi en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaTaro en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Taro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Environment and Society, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Environment and Society, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Environment and Society, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Environment and Society, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= en-keyword=Dental care kn-keyword=Dental care en-keyword=Dentist-patient relations kn-keyword=Dentist-patient relations en-keyword=Recognition gaps kn-keyword=Recognition gaps en-keyword=Oral health literacy kn-keyword=Oral health literacy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=13 article-no= start-page=4427 end-page=4438 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260714 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Drivers of temporal improvement in CAR T-cell therapy for large B-cell lymphoma: a Japanese nationwide registry analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Real-world CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) is characterized by expanded eligibility and evolving management practices. However, the prognostic impact of these changes remains inconsistent, and the specific drivers of outcomes remain unclear. This study analyzed 913 patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) LBCL from a Japanese registry and compared the outcomes between 2 calendar periods (2019-2021 vs 2022-2024). The 2022-2024 cohort was older, had more adverse baseline features, and was less pretreated. Treatment patterns have shifted toward higher utilization of second-line therapy, a growing preference for axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) and lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel), and improved disease control before infusion. Accordingly, the 2022-2024 cohort achieved a longer progression-free survival (PFS; 6-month PFS, 63.2% vs 55.2%; P = .005), which persisted after adjusting for baseline characteristics using propensity score matching. Multivariable analysis identified second-line therapy, improved preinfusion disease control, and a shift in product selection from tisagenlecleucel to axi-cel or liso-cel as the primary drivers of this improvement. This benefit was pronounced in high-risk populations, including patients with stable or progressive disease at infusion (6-month PFS, 54.6% vs 43.8%; P = .012) and those who were refractory to first-line therapy (6-month PFS, 51.7% vs 40.3%; P = .013). Despite broader use in higher-risk populations and greater axi-cel exposure, 6-month nonrelapse mortality remained low (2.1% vs 1.5%). Real-world outcomes of CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for R/R LBCL have improved, predominantly driven by second-line therapy, enhanced preinfusion disease control, and increased use of more potent CAR T products. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YagiYu en-aut-sei=Yagi en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanemasaYusuke en-aut-sei=Kanemasa en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeraoToshiki en-aut-sei=Terao en-aut-mei=Toshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoMotohiro en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Motohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=JoTomoyasu en-aut-sei=Jo en-aut-mei=Tomoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimoyamaTatsu en-aut-sei=Shimoyama en-aut-mei=Tatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitawakiToshio en-aut-sei=Kitawaki en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HanajiriRyo en-aut-sei=Hanajiri en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=DokiNoriko en-aut-sei=Doki en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiharaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Yoshihara en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNobuharu en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Nobuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwakiNoriko en-aut-sei=Iwaki en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoGo en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuraiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Sakurai en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsukawaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Matsukawa en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaidaEmiko en-aut-sei=Sakaida en-aut-mei=Emiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaAkiyo en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Akiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmezawaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Umezawa en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimHaryoon en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=Haryoon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoHideki en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsutaYoshiko en-aut-sei=Atsuta en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKoji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=2Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Kyoto University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Kyoto University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hyogo Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Toranomon Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Division of Transfusion Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=11Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=131 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=e2025JE009578 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Surface Geology and Evolution of Asteroid Ryugu: Insights From Hayabusa2 Global Mapping en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rubble-pile asteroids, characterized by loose aggregates of debris held together by gravity, represent both a significant planetary hazard and a key to understanding planetesimal formation. Geologic mapping of these bodies provides essential insights into their origins, evolution, and surface processes. This knowledge is crucial for advancing space mission capabilities, from precise navigation and safe sampling to assessing the feasibility of future asteroid mining. Here, we present the most comprehensive geologic map of Ryugu in comparison to previous early-stage and single-feature maps, integrating Optical Navigation Camera (ONC) mosaics, LIDAR-derived topography, Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout (MASCOT) descent images, and spectral slope data. The analysis includes reclassification of previously identified features and newly identified features from global to local scales. The geologic mapping technique followed United States Geological Survey (USGS) planetary cartography standards using the ArcGIS Pro platform. This global framework provides an essential geologic context for interpreting returned samples and constraining rubble-pile evolution. We identified geomorphological, structural, and surface texture units on Ryugu's unconsolidated rubble-pile surface using 0.2–0.7 m/pixel image mosaics. Elongated troughs at the poles and mirrored, oblique lineaments near the equatorial ridge are consistent with rotational strain. Compared with another rubble-pile asteroid Bennu, Ryugu shows a more uniform boulder distribution, and its immensely prominent equatorial ridge indicates a more intense period of rotational deformation. However, the western bulge deviates from this trend; its fewer boulders, underdeveloped ridges, and older degraded craters suggest selective resurfacing. These features show evidence of catastrophic disruption, rotational reshaping, and ongoing surface movement. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=VincentLisa M. en-aut-sei=Vincent en-aut-mei=Lisa M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=RujTrishit en-aut-sei=Ruj en-aut-mei=Trishit kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomatsuGoro en-aut-sei=Komatsu en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=RayAditya en-aut-sei=Ray en-aut-mei=Aditya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HemmiRyodo en-aut-sei=Hemmi en-aut-mei=Ryodo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoHideaki en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugitaSeiji en-aut-sei=Sugita en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=the Hayabusa2 ONC science team en-aut-sei=the Hayabusa2 ONC science team en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Università G. d'Annunzio kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Geology, Presidency University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Gakushuin University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Systems Innovation School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=64 cd-vols= no-issue=22 article-no= start-page=e202504108 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Efficient Nickel Precatalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Aryl Chlorides and Arylboronic Acids Under Mild Conditions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The synthesis and catalytic properties of Ni(II) complexes with the general formula Ni(NHC)[P(OR)3](Ar)Cl are described. These complexes are air-stable and extremely effective precatalysts in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. The reaction protocols described allow for the cross-coupling of aryl chlorides and arylboronic acids, employing low catalytic loading, to deliver a large variety of functionalized biaryl compounds. For the coupling of aryl chlorides with N-heterocyclic boronic acids, TBAF was used as an additive to afford nitrogen-containing biaryl products. Overall, these reaction protocols operate at room or mild temperatures and can be applied to a variety of electronically and sterically differentiated coupling partners. Fundamental insights into the mechanism of this reaction, including the proposed formation of the catalytically active Ni(NHC)[P(Oi-Pr)3] and resting state species, are also reported. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JohnMorgan E. en-aut-sei=John en-aut-mei=Morgan E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NuttMichael J. en-aut-sei=Nutt en-aut-mei=Michael J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OfferJosephine E. en-aut-sei=Offer en-aut-mei=Josephine E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=DuczynskiJeremy A. en-aut-sei=Duczynski en-aut-mei=Jeremy A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiKen en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraTomoya en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoggachStephen A. en-aut-sei=Moggach en-aut-mei=Stephen A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoutsantonisGeorge A. en-aut-sei=Koutsantonis en-aut-mei=George A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=DortaReto en-aut-sei=Dorta en-aut-mei=Reto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=StewartScott G. en-aut-sei=Stewart en-aut-mei=Scott G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia (M310) kn-affil= en-keyword=Air Stable kn-keyword=Air Stable en-keyword=Aryl Chlorides kn-keyword=Aryl Chlorides en-keyword=Boronic Acids kn-keyword=Boronic Acids en-keyword=Nickel Catalysis kn-keyword=Nickel Catalysis en-keyword=Room Temperature kn-keyword=Room Temperature en-keyword=Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling kn-keyword=Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=93 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=e00346-2 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A newly developed oral infection mouse model of shigellosis for immunogenicity and protective efficacy studies of a candidate vaccine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Shigella infection poses a significant public health challenge in the developing world. However, lack of a widely available mouse model that replicates human shigellosis creates a major bottleneck to better understanding of disease pathogenesis and development of newer drugs and vaccines. BALB/c mice pre-treated with streptomycin and iron (FeCl3) plus desferrioxamine intraperitoneally followed by oral infection with virulent Shigella flexneri 2a resulted in diarrhea, loss of body weight, bacterial colonization and progressive colitis characterized by disruption of epithelial lining, loss of crypt architecture with goblet cell depletion, increased polymorphonuclear infiltration into the mucosa, submucosal swelling (edema), and raised proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the large intestine. To evaluate the usefulness of the model for vaccine efficacy studies, mice were immunized intranasally with a recombinant protein vaccine containing Shigella invasion protein invasion plasmid antigen B (IpaB). Vaccinated mice conferred protection against Shigella, indicating that the model is suitable for testing of vaccine candidates. To protect both Shigella and Salmonella, a chimeric recombinant vaccine (rIpaB–T2544) was developed by fusing IpaB with Salmonella outer membrane protein T2544. Vaccinated mice developed antigen-specific serum IgG and IgA antibodies and a balanced Th1/Th2 response and were protected against oral challenge with Shigella (S. flexneri 2a, Shigella dysenteriae, and Shigella sonnei) using our present mouse model and Salmonella (Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi) using an iron overload mouse model. We describe here the development of an oral Shigella infection model in wild-type mouse. This model was successfully used to demonstrate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a candidate protein subunit vaccine against Shigella. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaldarRisha en-aut-sei=Haldar en-aut-mei=Risha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HalderProlay en-aut-sei=Halder en-aut-mei=Prolay kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoleyHemanta en-aut-sei=Koley en-aut-mei=Hemanta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=DasSantasabuj en-aut-sei=Das en-aut-mei=Santasabuj kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= en-keyword=oral route kn-keyword=oral route en-keyword=S. flexneri kn-keyword=S. flexneri en-keyword=shigellosis kn-keyword=shigellosis en-keyword=bivalent subunit vaccine (IpaB–T2544) kn-keyword=bivalent subunit vaccine (IpaB–T2544) en-keyword=mouse model kn-keyword=mouse model END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=206 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=e00307-24 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241024 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Overexpression of diglucosyldiacylglycerol synthase leads to daptomycin resistance in Bacillus subtilis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The lipopeptide antibiotic daptomycin exhibits bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria by forming a complex with phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and lipid II in the cell membrane, causing membrane perforation. With the emergence of daptomycin-resistant bacteria, understanding the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to daptomycin has gained great importance. In this study, we aimed to identify the genetic factors contributing to daptomycin resistance in Bacillus subtilis, a model Gram-positive bacterium. Our findings demonstrated that overexpression of ugtP, which encodes diglucosyldiacylglycerol synthase, induces daptomycin resistance in B. subtilis. Specifically, overexpression of ugtP resulted in increased levels of diglucosyldiacylglycerol (Glc2DAG) and decreased levels of acidic phospholipids cardiolipin and PG, as well as the basic phospholipid lysylphosphatidylglycerol. However, ugtP overexpression did not alter the cell surface charge and the susceptibility to the cationic antimicrobial peptide nisin or the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. Furthermore, by serial passaging in the presence of daptomycin, we obtained daptomycin-resistant mutants carrying ugtP mutations. These mutants showed increased levels of Glc2DAG and a >4-fold increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration of daptomycin. These results suggest that increased Glc2DAG levels, driven by ugtP overexpression, modify the phospholipid composition and confer daptomycin resistance in B. subtilis without altering the cell surface charge of the bacteria. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoRyogo en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Ryogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaKazuya en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiYusuke en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurutaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Furuta en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-Ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-Ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaitoChikara en-aut-sei=Kaito en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=diglucosyldiacylglycerol kn-keyword=diglucosyldiacylglycerol en-keyword=daptomycin kn-keyword=daptomycin en-keyword=phospholipid kn-keyword=phospholipid END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1643 end-page=1652 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240809 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Radiological assessment of the dissection area in supraomohyoid neck dissection en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose The current supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND) is performed above the omohyoid muscle to dissect levels I, II, and III in the levels of cervical lymph nodes. However, the anatomical boundary between levels III and IV is the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage. We investigated the anatomical relationship between the omohyoid muscle and cricoid cartilage using contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) images to assess the validity of the current SOHND.
Methods CE-CT images of the head and neck regions in patients were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups: “malignant tumors” and “others”. The vertebral levels corresponding to the positions of anatomical structures such as the intersection of the omohyoid muscle and internal jugular vein (OM-IJ), and the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage (CC), were recorded.
Results The OM-IJ was located around the seventh cervical to the first thoracic vertebra. There was a significant difference between the malignant tumor and others groups in females (p = 0.036). The CC was located around the sixth to seventh cervical vertebrae. There was a significant sex difference in each group (malignant tumor: p < 0.0001; others: p = 0.008). Both sexes tended to have lower OM-IJ than CC, and females had significantly lower OM-IJ than males.
Conclusion This study provides clear anatomical evidence showing the difference between the SOHND dissection area and levels I, II, and III. It could be considered that in most cases SOHND invades level IV, not just levels I, II, and III, especially in female patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYohei en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwanagaJoe en-aut-sei=Iwanaga en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhyamaYoshio en-aut-sei=Ohyama en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushitaYuki en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TubbsR. Shane en-aut-sei=Tubbs en-aut-mei=R. Shane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitagawaNorio en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawazuToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kawazu en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisatomiMiki en-aut-sei=Hisatomi en-aut-mei=Miki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujikuraMamiko en-aut-sei=Fujikura en-aut-mei=Mamiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaumiJunichi en-aut-sei=Asaumi en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Clinical Anatomy Research Association in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Clinical Anatomy Research Association in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Clinical Anatomy Research Association in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Clinical Anatomy Research Association in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Clinical Anatomy Research Association in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Anatomy kn-keyword=Anatomy en-keyword=Omohyoid muscle kn-keyword=Omohyoid muscle en-keyword=Computed tomography kn-keyword=Computed tomography en-keyword=Neck dissection kn-keyword=Neck dissection en-keyword=Vertebra kn-keyword=Vertebra en-keyword=Cancer kn-keyword=Cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=59 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=3282 end-page=3304 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241027 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Radial transport and nebular thermal processing of millimeter‐sized solids in the Solar protoplanetary disk inferred from Cr‐Ti‐O isotope systematics of chondrules en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Understanding the material transport and mixing processes in the Solar protoplanetary disk provides important constraints on the origin of chemical and isotopic diversities of our planets. The limited extent of radial transport and mixing between the inner and outer Solar System has been suggested based on a fundamental isotopic dichotomy between non-carbonaceous (NC) and carbonaceous (CC) meteorite groups. The limited transport and mixing could be further tested by tracing the formation regions of individual meteoritic components, such as Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) and chondrules. Here, we show further evidence for the outward transport of CAIs and chondrules from the inner and subsequent thermal processing in the outer region of the protoplanetary disk based on the petrography and combined Cr-Ti-O isotope systematics of chondrules from the Vigarano-like (CV) carbonaceous chondrite Allende. One chondrule studied consists of an olivine core that exhibits NC-like Ti and O, but CC-like Cr isotopic signatures, which is enclosed by a pyroxene igneous rim with CC-like O isotope ratios. These observations indicate that the olivine core formed in the inner Solar System. The olivine core then migrated into the outer Solar System and experienced nebular thermal processing that generated the pyroxene igneous rim. The nebular thermal processing would result in Cr isotope exchange between the olivine core and CC-like materials, but secondary alteration effects on the parent body are also responsible for the CC-like Cr isotope signature. By combining previously reported Cr-Ti-O isotope systematics of CV chondrules, we show that some CV chondrules larger than ~1 mm would have formed in the inner Solar System. The accretion of the millimeter-sized, inner Solar System solids onto the CV carbonaceous chondrite parent body would require their very early migration into the outer Solar System within the first 1 million years after the Solar System formation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaKohei en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HibiyaYuki en-aut-sei=Hibiya en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KastelleCraig R. en-aut-sei=Kastelle en-aut-mei=Craig R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiKatsuhiko en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Katsuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IizukaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Iizuka en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HelserThomas E. en-aut-sei=Helser en-aut-mei=Thomas E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaNoriko T. en-aut-sei=Kita en-aut-mei=Noriko T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=WiscSIMS, Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Submarine Resources Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=WiscSIMS, Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=134 cd-vols= no-issue=24 article-no= start-page=245001 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250616 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Acceleration of Positive Muons by a Radio-Frequency Cavity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Acceleration of positive muons from thermal energy to 100 keV has been demonstrated. Thermal muons were generated by resonant multiphoton ionization of muonium atoms emitted from a sheet of laser-ablated aerogel. The thermal muons were first electrostatically accelerated to 5.7 keV, followed by further acceleration to 100 keV using a radio-frequency quadrupole with an intensity of 2×10−3  𝜇+/pulse. The transverse normalized rms emittance of the accelerated muons in the horizontal and vertical planes were 0.85±0.25⁢(s⁢t⁢a⁢t)+0.22−0.13⁢(syst)   ⁢𝜋 mm mrad and 0.32±0.03⁢(stat)+0.05−0.02⁢(syst)   𝜋 mm mrad, respectively. The measured emittance values demonstrated phase-space reduction by a factor of 2.0 ×102 (horizontal) and 4.1 ×102 (vertical) allowing good acceleration efficiency. These results pave the way to realize the first-ever muon accelerator for a variety of applications in particle physics, material science, and other fields. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AritomeS. en-aut-sei=Aritome en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FutatsukawaK. en-aut-sei=Futatsukawa en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraH. en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayasakaK. en-aut-sei=Hayasaka en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbarakiY. en-aut-sei=Ibaraki en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchikawaT. en-aut-sei=Ichikawa en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IijimaT. en-aut-sei=Iijima en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IinumaH. en-aut-sei=Iinuma en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedoY. en-aut-sei=Ikedo en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiY. en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=InamiK. en-aut-sei=Inami en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaK. en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamalS. en-aut-sei=Kamal en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaS. en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraN. en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraM. en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KodaA. en-aut-sei=Koda en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojiS. en-aut-sei=Koji en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaK. en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoA. en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoY. en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuzubaM. en-aut-sei=Kuzuba en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushitaR. en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=MibeT. en-aut-sei=Mibe en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoY. en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraJ. G. en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=J. G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakazawaY. en-aut-sei=Nakazawa en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaS. en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiY. en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=OlinA. en-aut-sei=Olin en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaniM. en-aut-sei=Otani en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=OyamaS. en-aut-sei=Oyama en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoN. en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoH. en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoT. en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoY. en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=36 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimomuraK. en-aut-sei=Shimomura en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=37 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShioyaZ. en-aut-sei=Shioya en-aut-mei=Z. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=38 ORCID= en-aut-name=StrasserP. en-aut-sei=Strasser en-aut-mei=P. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=39 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiyamaS. en-aut-sei=Sugiyama en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=40 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumiK. en-aut-sei=Sumi en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=41 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiK. en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=42 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiY. en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=43 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanidaM. en-aut-sei=Tanida en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=44 ORCID= en-aut-name=TojoJ. en-aut-sei=Tojo en-aut-mei=J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=45 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaK. en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=46 ORCID= en-aut-name=UetakeS. en-aut-sei=Uetake en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=47 ORCID= en-aut-name=XieX. H. en-aut-sei=Xie en-aut-mei=X. H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=48 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaM. en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=49 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoS. en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=50 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiT. en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=51 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamuraK. en-aut-sei=Yamura en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=52 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaM. en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=53 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaT. en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=54 ORCID= en-aut-name=YotsuzukaM. en-aut-sei=Yotsuzuka en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=55 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Advanced Spectroscopy and Imaging Research (LASIR), University of British Columbia kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Research Center of Advanced Particle Physics, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=36 en-affil=Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=37 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=38 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=39 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=40 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=41 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=42 en-affil=Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=43 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=44 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=45 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=46 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya kn-affil= affil-num=47 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=48 en-affil=School of Physics, Peking University kn-affil= affil-num=49 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=50 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=51 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=52 en-affil=Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=53 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=54 en-affil=Research Center of Advanced Particle Physics, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=55 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=175 end-page=181 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Local cohomology of ideals and the Rn condition of Serre en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Let R be a regular ring of dimension d containing a field K of characteristic zero. If E is an R-module let Assi E = {Q ∈ AssE | heightQ = i}. Let P be a prime ideal in R of height g. We show that if R/P satisfies Serre’s condition Ri then Assg+i+1 Hg+1P(R) is a finite set. As an application of our techniques we prove that if P is a prime ideal in R such that (R/P)q is regular for any non-maximal prime ideal q then HiP(R) has finitely many associate primes for all i. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PuthenpurakalTony J. en-aut-sei=Puthenpurakal en-aut-mei=Tony J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Mathematics, IIT Bombay kn-affil= en-keyword=local cohomology kn-keyword=local cohomology en-keyword=regular rings kn-keyword=regular rings en-keyword=Rn condition kn-keyword=Rn condition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=77 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On groups of units of commutative finite rings en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Let R be a commutative completely primary finite ring with unique maximal ideal J such that J3 = {0} and J2 ̸= {0}. In this paper, we investigate and determine the structure of the group of units U(R) of the ring R of characteristic p3 without giving any conditions on the generators for the maximal ideal J or on the invariants of the ring R. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChikunjiChiteng’a John en-aut-sei=Chikunji en-aut-mei=Chiteng’a John kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biometry and Mathematics, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources kn-affil= en-keyword=commutative finite rings kn-keyword=commutative finite rings en-keyword=unit groups kn-keyword=unit groups END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=215 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250218 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Review on the Magnetovolume Effect of the Full Heusler Alloys Ni2MnZ (Z = In, Sn, Sb) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The full Heusler alloys Ni2MnZ (Z = In, Sn, Sb) exhibit ferromagnetic properties with a Curie temperature (TC) above room temperature. The magnetic properties of Ni2MnZ (Z = In, Sn, Sb) were studied through a combination of experiments and band calculations under ambient and elevated pressures. The main results of this study open up further prospects for controlling the magnetic properties of the multifunctional Heusler alloys Ni2Mn1+xZ1−x (Z = In, Sn, Sb) and their practical application. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanomataTakeshi en-aut-sei=Kanomata en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=XuXiao en-aut-sei=Xu en-aut-mei=Xiao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakonTakuo en-aut-sei=Sakon en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagataYuki en-aut-sei=Nagata en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImadaShin en-aut-sei=Imada en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmoriToshihiro en-aut-sei=Omori en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KainumaRyosuke en-aut-sei=Kainuma en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=EtoTetsujiro en-aut-sei=Eto en-aut-mei=Tetsujiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=AdachiYoshiya en-aut-sei=Adachi en-aut-mei=Yoshiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiharaTakumi en-aut-sei=Kihara en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmakoYasushi en-aut-sei=Amako en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiMasaaki en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=UwatokoYoshiya en-aut-sei=Uwatoko en-aut-mei=Yoshiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Engineering and Technology, Tohoku Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Ryukoku University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Ryukoku University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Kurume Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Technology, Yamagata University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Shinshu University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Research Institute for Engineering and Technology, Tohoku Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= en-keyword=magnetovolume effect kn-keyword=magnetovolume effect en-keyword=magnetic properties kn-keyword=magnetic properties en-keyword=pressure effect kn-keyword=pressure effect en-keyword=itinerant electron magnets kn-keyword=itinerant electron magnets en-keyword=Heusler alloys kn-keyword=Heusler alloys END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=111 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1705 end-page=1715 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250911 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Distinct interleukin-6 production in IPL and TAFRO subtypes of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by systemic inflammation and lymphadenopathy. Two major clinical subtypes, idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy (iMCD-IPL) and iMCD with thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, renal dysfunction/reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly (iMCD-TAFRO), have distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. While interleukin-6 (IL-6) is known to be elevated in iMCD, differences in the sources of IL-6 production between subtypes remain unclear. We examined the source of IL-6 production and its transcriptional regulation across iMCD subtypes using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and gene expression profiling. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization revealed that plasma cells were the predominant IL-6-expressing cells in iMCD-IPL, whereas vascular endothelial cells expressed IL-6 in iMCD-TAFRO. Plasma cells exhibited stronger IL-6 protein expression in iMCD-IPL than in iMCD-TAFRO. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of XBP1, MZB1, DERL3, SSR4, FKBP11, FKBP2, PIM2, RABAC1, and SDF2L1 in iMCD-IPL, implicating endoplasmic reticulum stress and plasma cell differentiation in IL-6 dysregulation. Our findings suggest that XBP1-mediated IL-6 production may contribute to the pathogenesis of iMCD-IPL, potentially explaining its favorable responses to IL-6 blockade therapy. In contrast, IL-6 production in iMCD-TAFRO may be predominantly from vascular endothelial cells, suggesting that elevated serum IL-6 is a secondary phenomenon of the cytokine storm in this subtype. Future studies should clarify how proteomics and gene expression profiling could inform subtype-specific therapeutic strategies in iMCD. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishikoriAsami en-aut-sei=Nishikori en-aut-mei=Asami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraMidori Filiz en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Midori Filiz kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaRio en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Rio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaratakeTomoka en-aut-sei=Haratake en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnnishiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ennishi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChijimatsuRyota en-aut-sei=Chijimatsu en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoToshihiro en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OchiSayaka en-aut-sei=Ochi en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaYuri en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Yuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=UetaHimawari en-aut-sei=Ueta en-aut-mei=Himawari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaYudai en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Yudai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=GonzalezMichael V. en-aut-sei=Gonzalez en-aut-mei=Michael V. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=FajgenbaumDavid C. en-aut-sei=Fajgenbaum en-aut-mei=David C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=Van RheeFrits en-aut-sei=Van Rhee en-aut-mei=Frits kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=MomoseShuji en-aut-sei=Momose en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYasuharu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=207 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=106961 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of secondary hydrothermal fluids on gallium distribution and coordination in hot springs silica using Ga K-edge XANES en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Gallium (Ga), a critical element in the electronics industry, is enriched in hot spring silica deposits (sinter) at concentrations comparable to, and in some cases greater than, bauxite, coal, and sphalerite deposits from which it is currently extracted. Focusing on well characterized Holocene and Pleistocene New Zealand sinters, we utilize synchrotron-X-ray fluorescence (sXRF) and Ga K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to examine the spatial distribution of Ga as well as its changing coordination number. Ga+3 is the only observed oxidation state in the analyzed sinters. Gallium is predominantly found in tetrahedral coordination in sinter deposited from alkali chloride fluids, with analyses best matching Ga-aluminosilicate standards. However, Ga coordination is octahedral in sinter samples that have undergone alteration by acidic fluids/gases, associated with a change in hydrology from alkali-chloride to acid-sulfate fluid conditions. High Ga concentrations are found associated with both these coordination environments, with a heterogeneous distribution. Octahedral Ga is observed both as particles and in larger regions affected by Fe-rich fluid overprinting. The combined use of sXRF and XANES demonstrates an ability to fingerprint diagenesis and alteration in these complex geothermal settings where tetrahedral and octahedral Ga co-exist. The transition from tetrahedral to octahedral Ga also appears to mimic the inferred natural process forming lateritic bauxite deposits, where remobilized tetrahedral Ga is reconcentrated and adsorbed to oxides. A similar process may occur for sinter Ga enrichment, whereby introduced Ga in acidic conditions is adsorbed to oxide phases as the Fe-rich secondary fluids infiltrate porous sinter material. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=RoweM.C. en-aut-sei=Rowe en-aut-mei=M.C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=CampbellK.A. en-aut-sei=Campbell en-aut-mei=K.A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=StallardD.A. en-aut-sei=Stallard en-aut-mei=D.A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LyonB. en-aut-sei=Lyon en-aut-mei=B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LangendamA. en-aut-sei=Langendam en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KalininaE. en-aut-sei=Kalinina en-aut-mei=E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaM. en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaR. en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChristopherT. en-aut-sei=Christopher en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=RuffS.W. en-aut-sei=Ruff en-aut-mei=S.W. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NersezovaE. en-aut-sei=Nersezova en-aut-mei=E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaT. en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamiltonA. en-aut-sei=Hamilton en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Environment, University of Auckland kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Environment, University of Auckland kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Environment, University of Auckland kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=School of Environment, University of Auckland kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Australian Synchrotron Facility (Ansto) kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Arizona State University, School of Earth And Space Exploration kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=School of Environment, University of Auckland kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=School of Environment, University of Auckland kn-affil= en-keyword=Hot springs kn-keyword=Hot springs en-keyword=New Zealand kn-keyword=New Zealand en-keyword=Gallium kn-keyword=Gallium en-keyword=Sinter kn-keyword=Sinter en-keyword=Synchrotron radiation kn-keyword=Synchrotron radiation en-keyword=Coordination number kn-keyword=Coordination number END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=998 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260613 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Disease-Suppressive Activity of Lecithin Against Foliar Infection by Rhizoctonia solani Isolates in Cabbage, Rice, and Brachypodium distachyon en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rhizoctonia solani is a necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungus that causes disease in various crops. In agriculture, many crops suffer from root or seedling rot caused by this soil-borne pathogen, whereas cabbage and rice develop lesion-like symptoms on aboveground tissues. Diseases caused by R. solani are generally controlled using chemical fungicides; however, environmentally friendly alternatives are needed for sustainable agriculture. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of lecithin, a mixture of phospholipids previously registered in Japan as an agrochemical for controlling cucumber powdery mildew, against Rhizoctonia diseases. In cabbage, foliar spraying of 0.2–1.0% soybean lecithin effectively suppressed leaf symptoms caused by R. solani isolate RhiCa-2, which was identified as AG-1 IB. In rice and Brachypodium distachyon, 0.2–1.0% lecithin significantly suppressed leaf symptoms induced by R. solani AG-1 IA. Hyphal staining of inoculated leaves revealed reduced hyphal density on lecithin-treated leaves. Consistently, hyphal growth of R. solani on cellophane placed on water agar was retarded by lecithin treatment. However, 5.0% lecithin induced phytotoxicity in B. distachyon. Egg yolk-derived lecithin also exhibited disease-suppressive activity in cabbage and B. distachyon, with efficacy comparable to that of soybean lecithin under the conditions tested. These results suggest that lecithin suppresses foliar infection by R. solani, at least in part, through direct inhibitory effects on fungal hyphae, and may serve as a potential alternative material for disease control in sustainable crop production. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=CuongTran Xuan en-aut-sei=Cuong en-aut-mei=Tran Xuan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanoMisaki en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Misaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HonmaDaiki en-aut-sei=Honma en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoedaMoeko en-aut-sei=Soeda en-aut-mei=Moeko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMegumi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataNanami en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiHidenori en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaKentaro en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoutoshiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Noutoshi en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Faculty of Bioscience and Applied Chemistry, Hosei University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani kn-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani en-keyword=foliar symptoms kn-keyword=foliar symptoms en-keyword=leaf infection kn-keyword=leaf infection en-keyword=cabbage kn-keyword=cabbage en-keyword=rice kn-keyword=rice en-keyword=Brachypodium distachyon kn-keyword=Brachypodium distachyon END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=225 end-page=228 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of the Side Responsible for Bilateral Pneumothorax due to Pleural Communication en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax associated with pleuro-pleural communication is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, most commonly occurring after major thoracic surgery. We report the case of an 81-year-old man with severe emphysema and a history of esophagectomy who presented with sudden-onset dyspnea. Chest computed tomography revealed bilateral pneumothorax with pleuro-pleural communication. Although bilateral chest tube drainage was performed, the primary side of air leakage could not be identified preoperatively. After induction of general anesthesia, a double-lumen endotracheal tube clamping test identified the right pleural cavity as the source of air leakage, thereby enabling appropriate thoracoscopic surgery. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzawaKen en-aut-sei=Suzawa en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHaruchika en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Haruchika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaKumi en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Kumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaShin en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TorigoeHidejiro en-aut-sei=Torigoe en-aut-mei=Hidejiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiKentaroh en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Kentaroh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMikio en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mikio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax kn-keyword=simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax en-keyword=pleuro-pleural communication kn-keyword=pleuro-pleural communication END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=219 end-page=223 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Common Bile Duct Stone Formed Around an Ingested Fish Bone en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An 86-year-old man presented with epigastric pain. He had previously undergone distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a 32×17 mm common bile duct (CBD) stone with an internal 20 mm linear hyperdense component. Endoscopic removal was unsuccessful due to the size and impaction of the stone. Open choledochotomy retrieved multiple stones and a calcified fish bone, which was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy using the potassium bromide (KBr) wafer method. Although fish bone ingestion is relatively common, this case highlights that such foreign bodies can occasionally serve as a nidus for CBD stone formation, leading to unexpected and clinically significant pathologies. When CT demonstrates a linear high-attenuation intraductal structure, clinicians should suspect a bone fragment and follow a stepwise approach, considering early surgical intervention when endoscopic extraction is unsuccessful or likely to be challenging. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HigashiKaitaro en-aut-sei=Higashi en-aut-mei=Kaitaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabuchiMotoyasu en-aut-sei=Tabuchi en-aut-mei=Motoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoShinya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraShuta en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Shuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UemuraSunao en-aut-sei=Uemura en-aut-mei=Sunao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumaruTeppei en-aut-sei=Tokumaru en-aut-mei=Teppei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= en-keyword=common bile duct stone kn-keyword=common bile duct stone en-keyword=fish bone kn-keyword=fish bone en-keyword=Roux-en-Y kn-keyword=Roux-en-Y en-keyword=choledochotomy kn-keyword=choledochotomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=213 end-page=217 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Novel Flap Design to Reduce Urethral Complications in Anterolateral Thigh Phalloplasty: The Pipe Flap Technique en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Phalloplasty is one of the most challenging procedures in gender-affirming surgery, and urethral complications remain common despite numerous preventive efforts. No definitive solution has been established, and many patients still require subsequent corrective procedures. We designed a novel anterolateral thigh flap that creates a planned external fistula at the penile base to mitigate urethral complications. The fistula was closed in a second-stage procedure one year later, and the postoperative course was uneventful. We report a case of a transgender man treated with this two-stage “pipe flap” technique, resulting in satisfactory urinary function. This approach may offer a safe and less invasive option for mitigating urethral complications in phalloplasty. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImaiToshiro en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeShiho en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Shiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiMasanobu en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Masanobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TominagaYusuke en-aut-sei=Tominaga en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NambaYuzaburo en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Yuzaburo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Gender Center, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=phalloplasty kn-keyword=phalloplasty en-keyword=surgical flaps kn-keyword=surgical flaps en-keyword=transgender persons kn-keyword=transgender persons END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=203 end-page=212 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density and Bone Structure in the Cervical and Thoracic Spine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Dropped head syndrome, which has been increasingly reported in recent years, requires correction of cervical kyphosis and may require long-range fixation extending from the cervical to the thoracic spine. Assessing vertebral bone structure may be important for preventing instrumentation failure in the upper thoracic spine, which is a potential complication of surgery. In this study, we evaluated volumetric bone mineral density, trabecular bone porosity, and cortical calcification in the cervical and upper thoracic spine using three-dimensional (3D) trabecular structure measurement software. The study included 79 patients with cervical spine disorders who underwent various surgical procedures and preoperative imaging, including dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography (CT) scans from C3 to Th3. Quantitative analysis using specialized software assessed volumetric bone mineral density and trabecular and cortical bone parameters, and statistical analyses were performed to examine correlations between imaging metrics and indicators of bone fragility. Two-dimensional CT evaluation revealed different trends between cancellous and cortical bone in the cervical and thoracic spine, suggesting that detailed 3D evaluation may also be important. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AoyamaShingo en-aut-sei=Aoyama en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaTerumasa en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Terumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NangoNobuhito en-aut-sei=Nango en-aut-mei=Nobuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoKoji en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Ratoc System Engineering Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kindai University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=cervical spine kn-keyword=cervical spine en-keyword=volumetric bone mineral density kn-keyword=volumetric bone mineral density en-keyword=three-dimensional trabecular structure measurement kn-keyword=three-dimensional trabecular structure measurement END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=195 end-page=202 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=HIP COMPASS®: A Mechanical Intraoperative Navigation Guide Associated with Improved Revision-Free Implant Survivorship after Ceramic-on-Ceramic Total Hip Arthroplasty at Minimum 10-Year Follow-up en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=HIP COMPASS® has demonstrated improved accuracy in intraoperative support for the acetabular component insertion angle. We assessed long-term revision-free implant survivorship following total hip arthroplasty (THA) using HIP COMPASS, with ≥10 years of follow-up. We retrospectively analyzed 210 hips of 186 patients who underwent cementless THA with ceramic-on-ceramic bearing couples, with or without HIP COMPASS. The mean follow-up duration was 10.8 years in the HIp COMPASS group and 12.7 years in the control group. Overall, 86.0% and 78.2% of cups were placed within Lewinnek’s safe zone with and without HIP COMPASS, respectively. Variability in radiographic inclination and anteversion was greater in the control group than in the HIP COMPASS group. Dislocation rates were 3.2% in the control group and 1.2% in the HIP COMPASS group, with no significant difference between groups. The control group had a significantly higher revision rate than the HIP COMPASS group (7.3% vs. 1.2%). Use of HIP COMPASS was associated with improved long-term revision-free implant survivorship over ≥ 10 years and more consistent acetabular component positioning at an appropriate insertion angle, which may contribute to stable initial fixation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TeiYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Tei en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiNorio en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraKeishi en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Keishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiranoYuki en-aut-sei=Hirano en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorigomeYoji en-aut-sei=Horigome en-aut-mei=Yoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SudaKen en-aut-sei=Suda en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawashimaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Kawashima en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Comprehensive Musculoskeletal Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Comprehensive Musculoskeletal Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=HIP COMPASS® kn-keyword=HIP COMPASS® en-keyword=survivorship kn-keyword=survivorship en-keyword=total hip arthroplasty kn-keyword=total hip arthroplasty en-keyword=ceramic-on-ceramic kn-keyword=ceramic-on-ceramic END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=185 end-page=193 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Reducing Hesitation in Resuscitation: Educational Effects of a Female-Appearing Simulator in Basic Life Support Training en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Women are less likely than men to receive timely defibrillation during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We investigated whether using a simulator that is visually modified to resemble a female affects learners’ attitudes, knowledge, and performance in basic life support (BLS) training. In a BLS simulation training, first-year medical students (n=220) used a standard gender-neutral simulator (control group) or a modified simulator with a female-like appearance (intervention group). Pre- and post-training questionnaires concerning attitudes and knowledge plus a post-training skills evaluation assessed the students’ training outcomes. The intervention group initiated chest compressions significantly faster than the control group (33.1 vs. 39.8 sec, p<0.01) and achieved a significantly higher rate of correct AED pad placement (64.2% vs. 38.5%, p<0.01). While performing the resuscitation on the female-appearing manikin, the intervention group showed significantly greater increases in self-efficacy (p<0.01) and larger decreases in discomfort about removing the patient’s clothes (p<0.01). They were also significantly more likely to recognize that chest compressions can be performed (p=0.016) and AED pads can be applied (p=0.015) without removing the patient’s underwear. Using a female-appearing simulator in BLS training was thus associated with faster chest compression initiation, more accurate AED pad placement, and improved gender-sensitive attitudes and knowledge. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuboTakuya en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaKohei en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HongoTakashi en-aut-sei=Hongo en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObaraTakafumi en-aut-sei=Obara en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakiYoshinori en-aut-sei=Kosaki en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojimaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Nojima en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=resuscitation kn-keyword=resuscitation en-keyword=basic life support kn-keyword=basic life support en-keyword=female simulator kn-keyword=female simulator en-keyword=medical education kn-keyword=medical education en-keyword=gender bias kn-keyword=gender bias END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=179 end-page=184 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Oral Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Paclitaxel-Associated Peripheral Neuropathy: A Retrospective Study at Okayama University Hospital en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This retrospective study investigated whether eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) reduces paclitaxel-associated chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and acute neuropathic pain in dyslipidemic cancer patients. The medical records of cancer patients treated with paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel at Okayama University Hospital between January 2018 and December 2022 were reviewed. Patients receiving concomitant therapy for dyslipidemia were categorized as EPA users or non-EPA users. Numbness and pain severity were extracted from medical records. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade for peripheral neuropathy and pain; groups were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Of 184 eligible patients, 18 received EPA. Bleeding events were more frequent in the EPA group; however, changes in numbness and pain did not differ significantly between groups at any time point. Overall, EPA did not show a preventive effect on paclitaxel-associated CIPN or acute neuropathic pain. Future studies should evaluate EPA in combination with other neuroprotective agents to better define its potential role in CIPN prevention. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoritaAyako en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaHideki en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=eicosapentaenoic acid kn-keyword=eicosapentaenoic acid en-keyword=cancer patients kn-keyword=cancer patients en-keyword=chemotherapy kn-keyword=chemotherapy en-keyword=peripheral neuropathy kn-keyword=peripheral neuropathy en-keyword=cancer pain kn-keyword=cancer pain END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=169 end-page=178 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Peripheral Blood T-Cell Receptor Repertoire and Host Immune Background in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The association between peripheral blood T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and chemotherapy response remains unclear. We evaluated peripheral blood TCR repertoire and gut microbiota in 21 breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) who were enrolled in the SBP-14 prospective cohort study between October 2019 and March 2022. We analyzed stool samples obtained pre-NAC and peripheral blood samples obtained pre- and post-NAC. The primary endpoint was the association between baseline peripheral blood TCR repertoire and treatment response. Eleven patients (52%) had hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. All patients received anthracyclines and taxanes, with anti-HER2 therapy for HER2-positive disease. TCR diversity (TCR alpha chain [TRA], p=0.095; TCR beta chain [TRB], p=0.051) and clonality (TRA, p=0.271; TRB, p=0.500) were not significantly associated with treatment response. Gut microbiota diversity was not correlated with TCR diversity (TRA: ρ=0.046, p=0.845; TRB: ρ=0.021, p=0.929); however, three bacterial orders (Erysipelotrichales, Bacillales, and Pasteurellales) were significantly associated with TCR repertoire. Baseline TCR repertoire was not associated with treatment response in this cohort of breast cancer patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakamuraYuki en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwamotoTakayuki en-aut-sei=Iwamoto en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiwaraYukiko en-aut-sei=Kajiwara en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaAkira en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamotoShogo en-aut-sei=Nakamoto en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiYuichiro en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienTadahiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaMasahiko en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Masahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiharaHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Doihara en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgataRyohei en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoikeYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Koike en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NomuraTsunehisa en-aut-sei=Nomura en-aut-mei=Tsunehisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKatsuhiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Katsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaKazutaka en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Kazutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamatsujiTomoki en-aut-sei=Yamatsuji en-aut-mei=Tomoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TairaNaruto en-aut-sei=Taira en-aut-mei=Naruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Breast Endocrine Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of General Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=TCR repertoire kn-keyword=TCR repertoire en-keyword=gut microbiota kn-keyword=gut microbiota en-keyword=neoadjuvant chemotherapy kn-keyword=neoadjuvant chemotherapy en-keyword=breast cancer kn-keyword=breast cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=159 end-page=168 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Self-Reported Adolescent Menstrual Symptoms and Delayed Gynecologic Consultation among Japanese Women with Endometriosis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Endometriosis symptoms often first appear during adolescence, yet delays in seeking gynecologic consultation remain a persistent challenge worldwide. Despite growing international evidence, the specific patterns of symptom recognition and consultation delay among Japanese women — particularly in relation to self-monitoring behaviors and cultural barriers — remain poorly understood. This study aimed to provide foundational data to guide menstrual education and preconception care strategies by conducting a cross-sectional online survey with retrospective recall among women with endometriosis to assess menstrual characteristics and symptom patterns from adolescence to initial care seeking. The survey was conducted in Japan in January 2024 and enrolled 166 women with endometriosis and 200 controls. Participants reported current and adolescent menstrual characteristics, symptom recognition, analgesic and low-dose estrogen–progestin use, school/work impact, and age at first gynecologic consultation for menstrual problems. Women with endometriosis reported heavier bleeding, stronger pain, and greater school/work absence than controls, both currently and retrospectively. The median age at first recognition of heavy bleeding or school/work absence was 16 years, whereas consultation occurred at approximately 21-23 years, indicating a consultation delay of 5-6 years. Notably, while self-monitoring of symptoms was more frequent among women with endometriosis, it only modestly shortened consultation delays. This study provides evidence from Japan that consultation delay persists despite active self-monitoring of symptoms, highlighting the influence of educational and cultural barriers on health-seeking behavior. These findings underscore the importance of integrating menstrual education with clinical guidance to promote timely gynecologic consultation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaTomoko en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakatsukaMikiya en-aut-sei=Nakatsuka en-aut-mei=Mikiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=endometriosis kn-keyword=endometriosis en-keyword=adolescence kn-keyword=adolescence en-keyword=menstrual disorders kn-keyword=menstrual disorders en-keyword=consultation delay kn-keyword=consultation delay en-keyword=health-seeking behavior kn-keyword=health-seeking behavior END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260617 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Age-related changes in the orbital pulley array of older Japanese adults with acquired exotropia en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: To evaluate age-related changes in the orbital pulley array using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in older Japanese adults with acquired exotropia (XT) compared with young healthy participants (YHP).
Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional case series, MRI images of 30 eyes from fifteen patients (age ≥ 60 years) with distance XT and no high myopia were compared with those of 14 eyes from seven YHP. Rectus muscle (RM) pulley positions relative to the globe center were assessed. The lateral rectus muscle–superior rectus (LR–SR) band was evaluated for rupture.
Results: Mean age of patients with XT was 73.7 ± 5.5 years. Compared with YHP, patients with XT showed significant inferior displacement of the lateral rectus (LR) pulley (–3.6 ± 1.2 mm vs. − 2.0 ± 1.1 mm, p < 0.01) and temporal displacement of the superior rectus (SR) pulley (–0.4 ± 1.2 mm vs. − 1.6 ± 0.8 mm, p < 0.01). No significant differences were observed in medial rectus or inferior rectus pulley positions. Inferior LR pulley displacement correlated with inferior SR pulley displacement (r = 0.41, p = 0.03), whereas no significant relationship was observed between LR pulley position and MR or IR pulley position. Rupture of the LR–SR band was observed in 24 orbits (80.0%).
Conclusion: Older Japanese adults with XT exhibit localized pulley displacement and LR–SR band rupture. These structural changes differ from the global sagging observed in sagging eye syndrome and may contribute to the pathogenesis of acquired exotropia in older adults. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonoReika en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Reika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamasakiIchiro en-aut-sei=Hamasaki en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoFumiko en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Fumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataKiyo en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Kiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorisawaShin en-aut-sei=Morisawa en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorizaneYuki en-aut-sei=Morizane en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology,, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Lino Eye Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Ophthalmology, Ibara City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Lino Eye Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology,, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology,, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260521 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Stimulator of interferon genes agonist augmented antitumor immunity of osimertinib in Egfr ‐mutated lung cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) lack effective immunotherapy due to a noninflamed tumor microenvironment (TME). We previously reported that EGFR tyrosine-kinase-inhibitor (TKI) induced CD8+ T-cell immunity, which was insufficient for tumor eradication. We evaluated the potential of combining EGFR-TKI with stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists in activating a systemic antitumor response. Using a syngeneic mouse model of genetically engineered Egfr-mutant NSCLC, we evaluated the antitumor effects of STING agonist ADU-S100, alone and combined with osimertinib. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to assess the TME. Osimertinib alone enhanced CD8+ T-cell infiltration but not Natural Killer (NK) cell infiltration. ADU-S100 injection alone modestly suppressed tumor growth with increasing CD8+/NK cell infiltration in the TME, but lacked an abscopal effect. Combining ADU-S100 with osimertinib significantly enhanced the antitumor effects and CD8+/NK cell infiltration. Depletion of either CD8+ or NK cells reduced the combination effect. Crucially, the combination induced an abscopal effect accompanied by PD-1+/CD8+ cell infiltration. Combining osimertinib with a STING agonist augmented innate and adaptive immunity, inducing systemic antitumor responses in EGFR-mutant NSCLC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraJun en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuribayashiTadahiro en-aut-sei=Kuribayashi en-aut-mei=Tadahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BrägelmannJohannes en-aut-sei=Brägelmann en-aut-mei=Johannes kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkawaSachi en-aut-sei=Okawa en-aut-mei=Sachi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaokaMasataka en-aut-sei=Taoka en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriShunta en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Shunta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraTomoka en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakaaki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoGo en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Kiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaiKammei en-aut-sei=Rai en-aut-mei=Kammei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaRyohei en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabataMasahiro en-aut-sei=Tabata en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SosMartin L. en-aut-sei=Sos en-aut-mei=Martin L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Translational Genomics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne Germany kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Centre, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Translational Genomics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne Germany kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=abscopal effect kn-keyword=abscopal effect en-keyword=CD8+ T cells kn-keyword=CD8+ T cells en-keyword=EGFR mutation kn-keyword=EGFR mutation en-keyword=EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor kn-keyword=EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor en-keyword=NK cells kn-keyword=NK cells en-keyword=stimulator of interferon genes kn-keyword=stimulator of interferon genes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue=18 article-no= start-page=1675 end-page=1687 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260404 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trisomy 8 alters chromatin conformations and activates Y chromosome genes in stem cells to drive a pre-leukemic state en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The mechanistic role of trisomy 8 in the development of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) remains poorly defined. Here, we generated a trisomy 8 mouse model by transferring a human chromosome 8 into murine embryonic stem cells and prospectively examined the effects on hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) by trisomy 8. The expression of inflammatory genes was enhanced, and hematopoietic programs mediated by transcription factors and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) were dysregulated in trisomy 8 HSC, which impaired their self-renewal and balanced differentiation. Trisomy 8 HSC altered the chromatin accessibility and conformations and activated Y chromosome genes, such as Uty/Kdm6c epigenetic modifier, which is known to demethylate histone H3K27me3 modification. The Uty gene facilitated the activation of PRC2-target and Runx1-target genes in leukemogenesis and drove the proliferation of human trisomy 8 leukemic cells. Since the RUNX1 gene is frequently mutated in patients with trisomy 8 MDS, its deletion attenuated the enhanced expression of inflammatory genes and mitigated the impaired self-renewal of trisomy 8 HSC in mice. Our findings reveal that trisomy 8 altered the transcriptional programs and chromatin conformations in HSC and drove a pre-malignant state through activating the expression of Uty, suggesting a route for the development of trisomy 8 MDS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BaiJie en-aut-sei=Bai en-aut-mei=Jie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiKimi en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Kimi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurotakiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Kurotaki en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Eerdunduleng en-aut-sei=Eerdunduleng en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SorinSupannika en-aut-sei=Sorin en-aut-mei=Supannika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramatsuKei en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UnoNarumi en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Narumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamashimaAi en-aut-sei=Hamashima en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IimoriMihoko en-aut-sei=Iimori en-aut-mei=Mihoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiKenta en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerashimaMinoru en-aut-sei=Terashima en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaSho en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KohrogiKensaku en-aut-sei=Kohrogi en-aut-mei=Kensaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HuangGang en-aut-sei=Huang en-aut-mei=Gang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaMinetaro en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Minetaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimuraMitsuo en-aut-sei=Oshimura en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KazukiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kazuki en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SashidaGoro en-aut-sei=Sashida en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratory of Chromatin Organization in Immune Cell Development, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Chromosome Biomedical Engineering, Integrated Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Laboratory of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Laboratory of Chromatin Organization in Immune Cell Development, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Chromosome Engineering Research Center, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Chromosome Biomedical Engineering, Integrated Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=e70666 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association between discoid lateral meniscus and medial meniscus posterior root tear: A retrospective cohort study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: Medial meniscus (MM) posterior root tear (PRT) has gained increasing attention because of its biomechanical impact and rapid progression to osteoarthritis. Identifying the risk factors for MMPRT is essential for early diagnosis. Although the discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) is a common congenital variant, no studies have reported on the relationship between MMPRT and DLM. This study aimed to examine the relationship between MMPRT and DLM.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 94 matched knees that underwent arthroscopic surgery between 2015 and 2021 (58 with MMPRT and 36 with other MM injuries). The matching was performed according to age and sex. Morphological analysis of the lateral meniscus (LM) was performed using coronal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DLM was defined as an LM ratio (LM width/tibial width) > 0.20. LM width, LM ratio and DLM prevalence were compared between the two groups. In the MMPRT group, subgroup analysis compared the preoperative and 1-year postoperative clinical outcomes between patients with and without DLM.
Results: The PRT group showed significantly greater LM width (12.6 ± 3.1 mm vs. 11.1 ± 2.2 mm; p = 0.03) and LM ratio (0.18 ± 0.04 vs. 0.16 ± 0.03; p = 0.01) compared with the other group. The incidence of DLM was also significantly higher in the PRT group (29.3% vs. 8.3%; p = 0.02). No significant differences in clinical scores were observed between the two subgroups either preoperatively or 1 year postoperatively. However, both groups demonstrated significant improvement in all clinical outcomes 1 year postoperatively (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: DLM was significantly more prevalent in patients with MMPRT than in those with other MM injuries. Favourable clinical outcomes were achieved following pullout repair in MMPRT knees regardless of the presence of DLM.
Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamashitaRyosuke en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KintakaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kintaka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaKoki en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoharaToshiki en-aut-sei=Kohara en-aut-mei=Toshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurumatsuTakayuki en-aut-sei=Furumatsu en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=clinical outcome kn-keyword=clinical outcome en-keyword=discoid lateral meniscus kn-keyword=discoid lateral meniscus en-keyword=medial meniscus kn-keyword=medial meniscus en-keyword=morphology kn-keyword=morphology en-keyword=posterior root tear kn-keyword=posterior root tear END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1756863 end-page=1756863 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260515 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Behavior of serum thyroglobulin in relation to thyroid function under low-thyrotropin conditions in general practice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid hormones are essential biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of thyroid diseases. Although Tg is routinely measured as a marker for thyroid neoplasia and an adjunct in the diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis due to destructive thyroiditis, its clinical significance under conditions of abnormal thyroid function remains unclear.
Methods: We investigated the association between serum Tg levels and thyroid function in 292 patients who underwent simultaneous evaluation of serum Tg, free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels in routine clinical practice. Based on thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, participants were classified into three groups: high-TSH (> 4.23 μIU/mL; n = 38), normal-TSH (0.61–4.23 μIU/mL; n = 191), and low-TSH (< 0.61 μIU/mL; n = 63).
Results: The low-TSH group exhibited significantly higher serum Tg levels (118.66 ± 32.13 ng/mL) than the normal-TSH (70.20 ± 23.48 ng/mL) and high-TSH (34.70 ± 13.62 ng/mL) groups. Among patients positive for TSH-receptor antibodies (TRAb) or thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), elevated Tg levels were observed exclusively in the low-TSH group. Correlation analyses revealed that Tg levels were positively correlated with the FT3/FT4 ratio in the low-TSH group (rho = 0.62, p < 0.01), and this association was more evident in patients positive for both TRAb and TSAb (rho = 0.71, p < 0.01). These associations remained significant after multivariable adjustment and were supported by correlations between Tg and SPINA-GD, a model-based index of thyroid function reflecting deiodinase activity, with similar findings observed in patients with autoimmune hyperthyroidism.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that serum Tg levels may reflect biochemical features consistent with T3 predominance in autoimmune hyperthyroidism and have potential clinical utility in characterizing disease pathophysiology. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SazumiYosuke en-aut-sei=Sazumi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoejimaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKoichiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuyamaAtsuhito en-aut-sei=Suyama en-aut-mei=Atsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaseRyosuke en-aut-sei=Takase en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguniKohei en-aut-sei=Oguni en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasudaMiho en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Miho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurukawaMasanori en-aut-sei=Furukawa en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=FT3/FT4 ratio kn-keyword=FT3/FT4 ratio en-keyword=hyperthyroidism kn-keyword=hyperthyroidism en-keyword=iodothyronine deiodinase kn-keyword=iodothyronine deiodinase en-keyword=thyroglobulin kn-keyword=thyroglobulin en-keyword=TSH- receptor antibody kn-keyword=TSH- receptor antibody END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1181 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260407 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Predictive Nomogram for Recurrence After Upfront Surgery for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Study (OS-HBP-2) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Postoperative recurrence is a critical issue in the treatment of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (rPDAC). Moreover, the prognosis after early recurrence is extremely poor. This study aimed to develop a recurrence prediction model and to define early recurrence after upfront surgery (UFS) for rPDAC. Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included patients who underwent UFS for anatomically rPDAC between January 2013 and December 2017. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors for recurrence-free survival and to construct a recurrence prediction model. Subsequently, a minimum p value approach was used to determine the optimal cutoff values for early and late recurrence. Results: The cohort included 603 patients (325 men and 278 women). During the median follow-up period of 25 months (interquartile range, 15–38 months), 381 patients (63.2%) experienced a recurrence. Multivariate analyses revealed carbohydrate antigen 19-9 ≥37 U/mL (hazard ratio [HR], 1.58; p < 0.001), tumor size ≥ 2.2 cm (HR, 1.59; p < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (HR, 1.86; p < 0.001), R1 resection (HR, 1.56; p = 0.002), and no adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 1.54; p < 0.001) as independent predictors. The recurrence prediction model demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.72–0.75. The optimal threshold for early and late recurrences was a recurrence-free interval of five months. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 ≥ 156 U/mL was a significant predictor of early recurrence (OR, 3.28; p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study identified the prognostic risk factors for recurrence and developed a recurrence prediction model for patients undergoing UFS for rPDAC. Moreover, a recurrence-free interval of five months was identified as the optimal threshold for distinguishing between early and late recurrences. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKazuya en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiokiMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Hioki en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaToru en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoYoshikatsu en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Yoshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NobuokaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Nobuoka en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuiKenta en-aut-sei=Sui en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiMasaru en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Masaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinouraSusumu en-aut-sei=Shinoura en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraMasashi en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaTatsuo en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=AokiHideki en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Himeji Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tenwakai Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=pancreatic cancer kn-keyword=pancreatic cancer en-keyword=resectable kn-keyword=resectable en-keyword=upfront surgery kn-keyword=upfront surgery en-keyword=recurrence kn-keyword=recurrence en-keyword=nomogram kn-keyword=nomogram END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=602 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Outcomes After Robot-Assisted Versus Open Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Propensity Score-Matching Analysis in a High-Volume Center (TAKUMI-7) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Although the safety and feasibility of robot-assisted pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) compared to open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) have been reported, studies investigating the advantages of RPD remain limited. Moreover, only a few studies have investigated the effects of robotic surgery on textbook outcomes (TO). Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 400 patients who underwent RPD and OPD at our institution between January 2017 and December 2025. Outcomes were compared between the RPD (n = 162) and OPD (n = 238) groups using propensity score-matching (PSM) analysis. The factors associated with TO were examined. Results: Before PSM, significant differences were observed between the groups. PSM yielded RPD (n = 117) and OPD (n = 117) with equal preoperative factors. The RPD group demonstrated a significantly shorter operative time (402 vs. 444 min, p < 0.001), lesser blood loss (75 vs. 270 mL, p < 0.001), shorter postoperative hospital stays (13 vs. 22 days, p < 0.001), and fewer major complications (17.1 vs. 44.4%, p < 0.001), resulting in a higher TO achievement rate (76.9 vs. 52.1%, p = 0.001). Adjusted multivariate analyses identified robotic surgery (odds ratio 3.04, p < 0.001) as an independent predictor of TO. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that RPD was potentially superior to OPD in terms of short-term outcomes. Robotic surgery was significantly associated with TO after pancreatoduodenectomy at the expert’s hand. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiTomokazu en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Tomokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKazuya en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmedaYuzo en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Yuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaMotohiko en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Motohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaTakeyoshi en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Takeyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaiYasuo en-aut-sei=Nagai en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoAtene en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Atene kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaNaohiro en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaShohei en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=pancreatoduodenectomy kn-keyword=pancreatoduodenectomy en-keyword=robotic surgery kn-keyword=robotic surgery en-keyword=open surgery kn-keyword=open surgery en-keyword=textbook outcome kn-keyword=textbook outcome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=22 article-no= start-page=3694 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251118 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prognosis Prediction Model After Upfront Surgery for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Study (OS-HBP-2) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Upfront surgery (UFS) remains the standard treatment for patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We aimed to investigate the prognostic factors for survival after UFS in patients with resectable PDAC and to develop a prognostic prediction model. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included 603 patients who underwent UFS for resectable PDAC between January 2013 and December 2017. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). We constructed a prognostic prediction model for OS after UFS. An internal validation was performed to evaluate the discriminative performance of the model. Results: The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 83.7%, 48.2%, and 37.5%, respectively. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that tumor size > 2 cm (hazard ratio [HR] 1.50, p = 0.001); tumor contact with the portal and superior mesenteric veins of ≤180° (HR 1.47, p = 0.003); carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels of 40 to 500 U/mL (HR 1.59, p = 0.002) and ≥500 U/mL (HR 2.16, p < 0.001); and a modified Glasgow Prognostic Score of two (HR 1.56, p = 0.038) were predictors associated with OS. The prognostic prediction model for 5-year OS demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.68. The calibration plots indicate a concordance index of 0.63. Conclusions: We identified the preoperative prognostic factors for OS and developed a prognostic prediction model to estimate OS in patients undergoing UFS for resectable PDAC. Our model may be useful and internally validated for predicting OS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKazuya en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiokiMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Hioki en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaToru en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoYoshikatsu en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Yoshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NobuokaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Nobuoka en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuiKenta en-aut-sei=Sui en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiMasaru en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Masaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinouraSusumu en-aut-sei=Shinoura en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraMasashi en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaTatsuo en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=AokiHideki en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Himeji Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tenwakai Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=pancreatic cancer kn-keyword=pancreatic cancer en-keyword=resectable kn-keyword=resectable en-keyword=upfront Surgery kn-keyword=upfront Surgery en-keyword=outcomes kn-keyword=outcomes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=3702 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260511 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exploratory Analysis of Serum IGF-I Levels and Symptom Trajectories in Long COVID During the Omicron Period en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Although several risk factors have been reported for long COVID (LC), reliable biomarkers for this illness remain lacking. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, a major mediator of growth hormones, plays an important role in metabolism, neuroprotection, and systemic homeostasis, and therefore may be useful in predicting the severity and prognosis of LC. Methods: This study included patients who visited a specialized clinic for long COVID between 2022 and 2025 during the Omicron period and had serum IGF-I measurements taken. IGF-I levels were expressed as age- and sex-adjusted standard deviation scores (IGF-I SD), and patients were classified into low (SD < −1.0), normal (−1.0 ≤ SD < 1.0), and high (SD ≥ 1.0) groups. Clinical characteristics, patient-reported outcomes, laboratory data, and follow-up duration were analyzed. Results: A total of 811 patients were included (median 42 years; 52.5% female). Compared with the normal group, the low-IGF-I group exhibited higher fatigue (FAS: 37.0 vs. 34.0; p < 0.05) and depressive (SDS: 50.0 vs. 49.0; p < 0.05) status. Multivariable linear regression analyses identified lower IGF-I SD as independently associated with higher scores of both FAS and SDS. IGF-I SD values showed negative correlations with ferritin (ρ = −0.125, p < 0.05) and TSH (ρ = −0.202, p < 0.01) and positive correlations with albumin (ρ = 0.227, p < 0.01) and FT4 (ρ = 0.165, p < 0.01). Among the 237 patients who completed follow-up, the median duration from the initial visit to recovery tended to be longer in the low-IGF-I group (221 days) compared with the normal (191 days) and high (109 days) groups, although these differences were not statistically significant overall. In patients aged < 50 years, the low-IGF-I group showed a relatively longer follow-up duration (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the low-IGF-I group had a longer time to recovery compared to the high-IGF-I group (p < 0.05), and this difference was more pronounced in patients under 50 years of age, with significant differences observed among the three IGF-I groups. Conclusions: Lower IGF-I levels in LC may be associated with greater fatigue and depressive symptoms and longer recovery time, particularly in younger patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the clinical significance of these findings. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuyamaAtsuhito en-aut-sei=Suyama en-aut-mei=Atsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki en-aut-sei=Tokumasu en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuradaYasue en-aut-sei=Sakurada en-aut-mei=Yasue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaYui en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoejimaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaToru en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaseRyosuke en-aut-sei=Takase en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguniKohei en-aut-sei=Oguni en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaKeigo en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=COVID-19 kn-keyword=COVID-19 en-keyword=fatigue kn-keyword=fatigue en-keyword=IGF-I kn-keyword=IGF-I en-keyword=long COVID kn-keyword=long COVID en-keyword=recovery kn-keyword=recovery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Classification of hypotony maculopathy based on optical coherence tomography findings and risk factors for visual outcomes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose To classify hypotony maculopathy (HM) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings and to investigate the associations among morphological types, clinical factors, and visual outcomes.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed 60 eyes that developed HM after trabeculectomy. HM was classified according to the distribution and configuration of chorioretinal undulations on OCT B-scans. Between-group comparisons were performed, and factors associated with the morphological classification and logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 3 months after HM onset (3-month BCVA) were determined.
Results HM was classified into three OCT-based types by categorizing chorioretinal undulations as folds (U-shaped troughs) or spikes (V-shaped troughs): Type 1, folds only on vertical scans; Type 2, folds on both vertical and horizontal scans; Type 3, folds on both scans, with spikes. Axial length in Type 3 was significantly longer than that in Type 2 (P = 0.034). Subfoveal choroidal thickness was significantly thinner in Type 3 than in Types 1 and 2 (both P < 0.001). Minimum intraocular pressure (IOP) was significantly higher in Type 1 than in Types 2 and 3 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively), with no difference between Types 2 and 3. In multivariable analysis using Type 1 as the reference group, minimum IOP was significantly associated with Type 2 (P = 0.001). For Type 3, both minimum IOP (P = 0.03) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (P = 0.02) showed significant associations. The 3-month BCVA was significantly worse in Type 3 than in Types 1 and 2 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively). Chorioretinal spikes and preoperative BCVA were significantly associated with 3-month BCVA (both P < 0.001). Exploratory receiver operating characteristic analysis assessed the discriminative ability of subfoveal choroidal thickness for the presence of chorioretinal spikes (AUC = 0.876). A thickness of 195.0 μm was identified as a candidate cutoff value (sensitivity 92.3% and specificity 72.3%).
Conclusions In HM following TLE, chorioretinal spikes and preoperative BCVA are significantly associated with the 3-month BCVA. In HM, a thin subfoveal choroid (< 195.0 μm), may be associated with chorioretinal spikes, suggesting the need for careful postoperative IOP and OCT monitoring. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanzakiYuki en-aut-sei=Kanzaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraMiyuki en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Miyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraRie en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoSara en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Sara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuiNaruka en-aut-sei=Mitsui en-aut-mei=Naruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiodeYusuke en-aut-sei=Shiode en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaMio Morizane en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Mio Morizane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatobaRyo en-aut-sei=Matoba en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaTetsuro en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Tetsuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiJunko en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaYuki en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkatsukaRiku en-aut-sei=Akatsuka en-aut-mei=Riku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiAkihiro en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorizaneYuki en-aut-sei=Morizane en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Hypotony maculopathy kn-keyword=Hypotony maculopathy en-keyword=Optical coherence tomography kn-keyword=Optical coherence tomography en-keyword=Trabeculectomy kn-keyword=Trabeculectomy en-keyword=Chorioretinal spike kn-keyword=Chorioretinal spike en-keyword=Choroidal thickness kn-keyword=Choroidal thickness en-keyword=Visual outcomes kn-keyword=Visual outcomes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=183 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=156163 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photochemical oxidative synthesis of carboxylic acids from aldehydes or alcohols with water via CH bromination en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The photoinduced oxidation of aldehydes or alcohols with water to give the corresponding carboxylic acids is described. This photochemical carboxylation proceeds via the in-situ generation of acyl-bromide intermediates upon irradiation with purple or UV LED light; these intermediates subsequently react with water to give the desired carboxylic acids. This mild photochemical reaction affords diverse carboxylic acids without peroxide generation or the need to use transition-metal catalysts and a stoichiometric amount of base, highlighting its potential utility for the synthesis of natural products and bioactive compounds. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=El-kholanyMohamed R. en-aut-sei=El-kholany en-aut-mei=Mohamed R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoAtsuya en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Atsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FalconeMorgane en-aut-sei=Falcone en-aut-mei=Morgane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamuraHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Takamura en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadotaIsao en-aut-sei=Kadota en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKenta en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Carboxylation kn-keyword=Carboxylation en-keyword=Photochemical synthesis kn-keyword=Photochemical synthesis en-keyword=Csingle bondH bromination kn-keyword=Csingle bondH bromination en-keyword=Water kn-keyword=Water END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=121 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260324 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Immunological effects of amivantamab in EGFR or MET-expressing non-small cell lung cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations represent one of the most frequent oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Amivantamab, a bispecific antibody targeting EGFR and MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET), has demonstrated clinical benefit in EGFR-mutant NSCLC through dual blockade, but its immunological role in human clinical specimens, especially tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), has not been directly evaluated.
Methods We analyzed surgically resected tumor samples from 40 patients with NSCLC to investigate immune responses and their associations with EGFR and MET expression. TILs were characterized by flow cytometry (FCM) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). To assess the immunomodulatory potential of amivantamab, fresh tumor digests containing live tumor cells and TILs were cultured ex vivo with CD3 and CD28 stimulation in the absence or presence of amivantamab, followed by FCM. EGFR and MET expression were also evaluated by IHC.
Results EGFR mutations and high EGFR protein expression were associated with a trend toward reduced CD8⁺ T-cell and dendritic cell (DC) infiltration. In ex vivo TIL assays, exposure to amivantamab significantly activated CD8⁺ T cells, such as programmed cell death-1 expression and cytokine production, and promoted DC maturation. These effects were most pronounced in tumors with high EGFR or MET protein expression rather than EGFR mutations.
Conclusions This study provides the first direct evidence from ex vivo fresh TIL assays using human NSCLC clinical specimens that amivantamab can activate immune responses. EGFR and MET expression may serve as potential biomarkers for amivantamab-induced immune responses. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshichikaRyo en-aut-sei=Yoshichika en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukoharaFumiaki en-aut-sei=Mukohara en-aut-mei=Fumiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKotaro en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagasakiJoji en-aut-sei=Nagasaki en-aut-mei=Joji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHiroko en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaYouki en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Youki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzawaKen en-aut-sei=Suzawa en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshinoTakamasa en-aut-sei=Ishino en-aut-mei=Takamasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Non-small cell lung cancer kn-keyword=Non-small cell lung cancer en-keyword=Amivantamab kn-keyword=Amivantamab en-keyword=Antitumor immunity kn-keyword=Antitumor immunity en-keyword=EGFR kn-keyword=EGFR en-keyword=MET kn-keyword=MET END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=832 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260114 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Possible Involvement of Hypothalamic Dysfunction in Long COVID Patients Characterized by Delayed Response to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Long COVID (LC) may involve endocrine dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To examine hypothalamic–pituitary responses in patients with LC, we conducted a single-center retrospective study of patients with refractory LC referred to our University Hospital who underwent anterior pituitary stimulation tests. Between February 2021 and November 2025, 1251 patients with long COVID were evaluated, of whom 207 (19%) had relatively low random ACTH or cortisol levels. Ultimately, 16 underwent anterior pituitary stimulation tests and were included. All tests were performed in an inpatient setting without exogenous steroids. Fifteen patients (six women, mean age 35.6 years) underwent corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) tests. All patients had mild acute COVID-19, eight had ≥2 vaccinations, and the mean interval from infection was 343 days. Frequent symptoms included fatigue (100%), insomnia (66.7%), headache (60.0%), anorexia/nausea (40.0%), and brain fog (40.0%). Mean early-morning cortisol and 24 h urinary free cortisol were 7.5 μg/dL and 41.0 μg/day, respectively. MRI showed an empty sella in one case. Peak hormonal responses were preserved (ΔACTH 247%, ΔTSH 918%, ΔPRL 820%, ΔFSH 187%, ΔLH 1150%); however, peaks were delayed beyond 60 min in ACTH (13%), LH (33%), and FSH (87%). Notably, significantly delayed elevations remained at 120 min in the responses of TSH (4.1-fold), PRL (1.8-fold), LH (9.3-fold), and FSH (2.8-fold), suggesting possible hypothalamic involvement, particularly in the gonadotropin responses. Additionally, serum IGF-I was lowered (−0.70 SD), while GH response (mean peak 35.5 ng/mL) was preserved by growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP)-2 stimulation. Low-dose hydrocortisone and testosterone were initiated for three patients. Although direct viral effects and secondary suppression have been proposed, our findings may suggest that, at least in part, the observed response characteristics are consistent with functional secondary hypothalamic dysfunction rather than irreversible primary injury. These findings highlight the need for objective endocrine evaluation before initiating hormone replacements. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoejimaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuyamaAtsuhito en-aut-sei=Suyama en-aut-mei=Atsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaseRyosuke en-aut-sei=Takase en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguniKohei en-aut-sei=Oguni en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaYohei en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuradaYasue en-aut-sei=Sakurada en-aut-mei=Yasue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaYui en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaToru en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki en-aut-sei=Tokumasu en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaKeigo en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=COVID-19 kn-keyword=COVID-19 en-keyword=gonadotropin kn-keyword=gonadotropin en-keyword=gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) kn-keyword=gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) en-keyword=hypothalamus kn-keyword=hypothalamus en-keyword=long COVID kn-keyword=long COVID END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=728 end-page=741 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Constitutive EGFR Activation Induced by PTPRR Downregulation Confers Resistance to KRAS Inhibitors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=KRASG12C inhibitors, such as sotorasib, show clinical efficacy for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) positive for the G12C mutations of KRAS, but primary and acquired resistance to these drugs remains a clinical problem. In this study, we show that the development of resistance to sotorasib in KRASG12C-positive NSCLC cells was mediated by constitutive activation of EGFR resulting from downregulation of the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type R (PTPRR). PTPRR has been identified as a physiologic regulator of ERK signaling in several cancer types. In our study, PTPRR was demonstrated to bind directly to EGFR, facilitating its dephosphorylation on tyrosine residues. Resumption of PTPRR expression in the resistant cells attenuated EGFR phosphorylation and restored sotorasib sensitivity. PTPRR downregulation was associated with gene promoter hypermethylation in the sotorasib-resistant cells and NSCLC tissue samples. Furthermore, low PTPRR expression in tumor specimens was associated with shorter progression-free and overall survival for patients with NSCLC treated with sotorasib. In contrast to sotorasib, high PTPRR expression was associated with a poor response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in EGFR-mutated NSCLC, suggesting that PTPRR may broadly regulate EGFR dependence in NSCLC. Finally, dual blockade of KRASG12C and EGFR showed a substantial antitumor effect in a xenograft model of sotorasib-resistant NSCLC. This approach is therefore a rational therapeutic strategy for KRASG12C-positive NSCLC, especially for tumors showing PTPRR downregulation.
Significance: The current study shows that downregulation of PTPRR induces EGFR activation and resistance to KRASG12C inhibitors in NSCLC, suggesting dual KRAS-EGFR blockade as a rational therapy. PTPRR may help identify patient subgroups that would benefit from the addition of EGFR inhibitors to KRASG12C-targeted therapies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanemuraHiroaki en-aut-sei=Kanemura en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeharaToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Takehara en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaenishiOsamu en-aut-sei=Maenishi en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomidaShuta en-aut-sei=Tomida en-aut-mei=Shuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwawakiNatsumi en-aut-sei=Iwawaki en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunimasaKei en-aut-sei=Kunimasa en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeSatomi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Satomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShinichiro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shinichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiKazuko en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Kazuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=AzumaKoichi en-aut-sei=Azuma en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KudoKeita en-aut-sei=Kudo en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishioKazuto en-aut-sei=Nishio en-aut-mei=Kazuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiHidetoshi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Hidetoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeramuraTakeshi en-aut-sei=Teramura en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonesakaKimio en-aut-sei=Yonesaka en-aut-mei=Kimio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Kishiwada City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Kishiwada City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Osaka Minami Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Genome Biology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Division of Cell Biology for Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1759690 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260309 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of a generative AI agent for family support in implementing family-based treatment for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: Family-based treatment (FBT) is a first-line psychotherapy for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, families must understand the principles of FBT, provide meal support, and manage their children's pathological behaviors. Difficulties occur outside clinic hours when it is impossible to consult professionals. This “support gap” increases caregivers’ psychological distress and threatens their treatment continuity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first domain-specific generative artificial intelligence (AI) agent designed to provide situation-specific, FBT-concordant advice and psychological support.
Methods: The system integrates three components: (1) an FBT-specific knowledge base constructed from treatment manuals, family guides, guideline-compliant resources, and a clinical Q&A corpus; (2) a multistage natural language processing pipeline using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), with intent and sentiment analyses; and (3) safety guardrails that prohibit unsolicited numerical goals or direct hospitalization recommendations and standardized escalation to clinicians. When strong negative emotions are detected, empowerment messages are dynamically incorporated to maintain caregivers’ confidence. Six clinicians with expertise with pediatric mental health authored queries that simulated common FBT-related concerns and evaluated each response for clinical appropriateness and safety, and classified problems as information insufficiency, not FBT concordant, or escalation insufficiency.
Results: Of the 477 queries, 57.0% were FBT-related, 24.5% were general AN, 16.5% were parental psychological distress, and 1.8% were related to other topics. The clinically appropriate response rate was 91.6% (437/477), including 92.3% for FBT-related questions, 88.0% for general knowledge, 93.7% for psychological distress, and 100.0% for other questions. Clinically inappropriate responses (8.4%) were mainly attributable to information insufficiency; not FBT concordant (1.8% of FBT-related responses) and escalation insufficiency (0.6% of all dialogs) rarely occurred.
Discussion: In this expert review, the safety-gated RAG system predominantly generated FBT-concordant responses that provided meal-level guidance and empathic empowerment-oriented support to families. By proceduralizing complex FBT concepts and presenting multiple response options for pathological behaviors, the system translates FBT principles into practical guidance supporting refeeding adherence, preserving family self-efficacy, and suggesting that domain-specific AI may help bridge structural limitations in FBT. Usability studies and randomized controlled trials are warranted to determine their impact on caregiver burden, self-efficacy, treatment adherence, and clinical outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HanzawaMana en-aut-sei=Hanzawa en-aut-mei=Mana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseiJoe en-aut-sei=Hasei en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaAyumi en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaChie en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Chie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigeyasuYoshie en-aut-sei=Shigeyasu en-aut-mei=Yoshie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiChikako en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriuchiMakiko en-aut-sei=Horiuchi en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaAkiko en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiKoichi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaharaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaHideki en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYasushi en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Support Technology Development, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Clinical Psychology Section, Department of Medical Support, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Life Natural Science and Technology, Graduate School of Environmental, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=NEC Corporation kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= en-keyword=anorexia nervosa kn-keyword=anorexia nervosa en-keyword=caregiver burden kn-keyword=caregiver burden en-keyword=family support kn-keyword=family support en-keyword=family-based treatment kn-keyword=family-based treatment en-keyword=generative AI agent kn-keyword=generative AI agent en-keyword=large language model kn-keyword=large language model en-keyword=retrieval-augmented generation kn-keyword=retrieval-augmented generation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=107 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=002255 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Rhabdoviridae 2026 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The family Rhabdoviridae comprises viruses with unsegmented, bi-segmented or tri-segmented negative-sense (−) RNA genomes of 10–16 kb. Virions are typically enveloped, with bullet-shaped or bacilliform morphology, but can also be non-enveloped filaments. Rhabdoviruses infect plants or animals, including vertebrates or invertebrates such as arthropods, which can serve as single hosts or act as biological vectors for transmission to animals or plants. Rhabdoviruses include important pathogens of humans, livestock, fish or agricultural crops. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Rhabdoviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/rhabdoviridae. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WalkerPeter J. en-aut-sei=Walker en-aut-mei=Peter J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BejermanNicolas en-aut-sei=Bejerman en-aut-mei=Nicolas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BlasdellKim R. en-aut-sei=Blasdell en-aut-mei=Kim R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=DebatHumberto en-aut-sei=Debat en-aut-mei=Humberto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=DietzgenRalf G. en-aut-sei=Dietzgen en-aut-mei=Ralf G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FooksAnthony R. en-aut-sei=Fooks en-aut-mei=Anthony R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Freitas-AstúaJuliana en-aut-sei=Freitas-Astúa en-aut-mei=Juliana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=GarverKyle en-aut-sei=Garver en-aut-mei=Kyle kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoHideki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ramos-GonzálezPedro Luis en-aut-sei=Ramos-González en-aut-mei=Pedro Luis kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiMang en-aut-sei=Shi en-aut-mei=Mang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeshRobert B. en-aut-sei=Tesh en-aut-mei=Robert B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TordoNoël en-aut-sei=Tordo en-aut-mei=Noël kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=VasilakisNikos en-aut-sei=Vasilakis en-aut-mei=Nikos kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=WhitfieldAnna E. en-aut-sei=Whitfield en-aut-mei=Anna E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=University of Queensland kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones and Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=CSIRO Health and Biosecurity kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones and Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=University of Queensland kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Animal and Plant Health Agency Addlestone kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Fisheries & Oceans Canada kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Instituto Biológico kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Sun Yat Sen University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=University of Texas Medical Branch kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Gamal Abdel Nasser University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=University of Texas Medical Branch kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=North Carolina State University kn-affil= en-keyword=ICTV Report kn-keyword=ICTV Report en-keyword=Rhabdoviridae kn-keyword=Rhabdoviridae en-keyword=taxonomy kn-keyword=taxonomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=3003 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260221 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photooxidative Copper(II) Catalysis for Promoting anti-Markovnikov Hydration of Alkenes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Photoredox catalysis enables the generation of radical intermediates under mild conditions, yet photoredox catalysts have heavily relied on precious transition metal complexes. Therefore, the development of photocatalysts based on earth-abundant metals is increasingly demanded. Here, we report a highly photooxidative capability of a heteroleptic copper(II) complex for promoting anti-Markovnikov hydration of alkenes. The copper(II) complex containing bathophenanthroline and 3,4-dimethoxybenzenethiolate ligands is generated in situ from copper(II) chloride dihydrate. Upon visible-light irradiation, the copper(II) complex is photoexcited and exhibits an excited-state lifetime sufficiently long to oxidize various alkenes, including aliphatic substrates. Consequently, anti-Markovnikov hydration can be achieved under mild conditions, and the late-stage functionalization of natural products and pharmaceutical derivatives is also feasible. The developed catalytic system can be extended for photooxidative reactions of alkenes, such as intramolecular cyclization reactions and anti-Markovnikov addition of nucleophiles other than water. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkuNaoki en-aut-sei=Oku en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukeKeito en-aut-sei=Fuke en-aut-mei=Keito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuiRikako en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Rikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiKen en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiYasunori en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraTomoya en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=530 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260428 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photosynthetic Response of Larix gmelinii var. japonica Saplings After Exogenous Glutathione Foliar Application en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sapling survival and growth depend on photosynthetic assimilates. Therefore, improving physiological performance during early stages may enhance subsequent performance and nursery production. This study evaluated whether exogenous oxidized glutathione (GSSG), reported to enhance photosynthesis, improves the photosynthetic, physiological, and growth-related traits of Larix gmelinii var. japonica saplings. Sixteen saplings were assigned to four treatments: GSSG, 5-aminolevulinic acid, Hyponex, and a water control. Photosynthetic, nitrogen-related, and growth traits were measured before treatment and at 3, 6, 13, and 31 days after treatment, and biomass was assessed after three months. The GSSG treatment showed no difference in the net CO2 assimilation rate (Amax) compared with the control, but exhibited a significantly earlier peak at 6 days than the other treatments. This response was supported by the stability of GSSG-treated saplings against photoinhibition (Fv/Fm) and a tendency toward greater resilience to midday light stress (ΦPSII). Enhanced photosynthetic performance was associated with reduced carbon and nitrogen fluctuations and was accompanied by numerically greater root and stem biomass in the 2024 terminal shoots. Although fertilization effects were generally weak and transient, GSSG elicited notable responses, suggesting that the immediate enhancement of photosynthesis underlies its impact. However, its antioxidant properties under stressful conditions warrant further investigation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=RahayuResa Sri en-aut-sei=Rahayu en-aut-mei=Resa Sri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizukaWataru en-aut-sei=Ishizuka en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaritaAyu en-aut-sei=Narita en-aut-mei=Ayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyataRie en-aut-sei=Miyata en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikiNaoko H. en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Naoko H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonHirokazu en-aut-sei=Kon en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiYuko en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=exogenous glutathione kn-keyword=exogenous glutathione en-keyword=foliar fertilizer kn-keyword=foliar fertilizer en-keyword=Larix gmelinii var. japonica kn-keyword=Larix gmelinii var. japonica en-keyword=photosystem II quantum yield kn-keyword=photosystem II quantum yield en-keyword=photosynthetic rate kn-keyword=photosynthetic rate END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=e2025GL121007 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spin Transition of Fe3+ in δ-(Al,Fe)OOH and Implication for Mid-Lower Mantle Seismic Heterogeneities en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=δ-(Al,Fe)OOH is an important water carrier and plays a critical role on Earth's deep water cycle. Lattice parameters of δ-(Al0.89Fe0.11)OOH were measured by synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction at simultaneously high temperature and pressure up to 65 GPa and 800 K in diamond anvil cells. The results reveal that the spin crossover increases from 30 to 37 GPa at 300 K to 36–48 GPa at 700 K. Moreover, at the spin crossover, the KT and VΦ of δ-(Al0.89Fe0.11)OOH occur significant elastic softening, with maximum reductions of 50% on KT and 29% on VΦ at 33 GPa and 300 K to 37% on KT and 23% on VΦ at 41 GPa and 700 K. The anomalous elastic properties of δ-(Al,Fe)OOH at the spin crossover enhance our understanding of local seismic observations anomalies and help identify potential water-rich regions in the mid-lower mantle. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhaoChaoshuai en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Chaoshuai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaoZhu en-aut-sei=Mao en-aut-mei=Zhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangXinyue en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Xinyue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuYingxin en-aut-sei=Yu en-aut-mei=Yingxin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunNingyu en-aut-sei=Sun en-aut-mei=Ningyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangJianbo en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Jianbo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangYuzhu en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Yuzhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=spin transition kn-keyword=spin transition en-keyword=δ-(Al,Fe)OOH kn-keyword=δ-(Al,Fe)OOH en-keyword=seismic heterogeneities kn-keyword=seismic heterogeneities en-keyword=deep water cycle kn-keyword=deep water cycle en-keyword=high temperature and high pressure kn-keyword=high temperature and high pressure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=e2025GL118147 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260113 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Davemaoite Elasticity Reveals Slab‐Induced Heterogeneity in the Mantle Transition Zone en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The observed 2%–7% low-shear velocity (VS) anomalies near the subducted slab at the bottom mantle transition zone (MTZ) indicate strong lateral heterogeneity, which is commonly attributed to subducted oceanic crust. However, davemaoite, a major constituent of the subducted oceanic crust, has been poorly constrained in its elasticity, hindering accurate velocity modeling and obscuring the origin of these low-velocity features. Here we report single-crystal elasticity of Ti-bearing davemaoite with the composition of Ca(Si0.57Ti0.43)O3 under high pressure-temperature and found that Ti incorporation significantly reduces velocities and alters the pressure dependence of the shear modulus. Further velocity modeling demonstrated that subducted crusts with varying Ti content have seismic signatures of 1.7(2)–6.8(5)% low-VS at the bottom MTZ, consistent with the observed low-VS structure in the region. These findings highlight the role of slab-derived chemical heterogeneity in generating mantle seismic anomalies and provide new experimental constraints on the structure and dynamics of the deep Earth. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YuYingxin en-aut-sei=Yu en-aut-mei=Yingxin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangXinyue en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Xinyue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangDongzhou en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Dongzhou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiLuo en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Luo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaoZhu en-aut-sei=Mao en-aut-mei=Zhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunNingyu en-aut-sei=Sun en-aut-mei=Ningyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangDenglei en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Denglei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiJing en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Jing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhaoChaoshuai en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Chaoshuai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=QianCheng en-aut-sei=Qian en-aut-mei=Cheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=WeiYingzhan en-aut-sei=Wei en-aut-mei=Yingzhan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiXinyang en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Xinyang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangYuzhu en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Yuzhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=GeoSoilEnviroCARS, University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of High Pressure and Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of High Pressure and Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Ti-bearing davemaoite kn-keyword=Ti-bearing davemaoite en-keyword=single-crystal elasticity kn-keyword=single-crystal elasticity en-keyword=slab-induced heterogeneity kn-keyword=slab-induced heterogeneity en-keyword=mantle transition zone kn-keyword=mantle transition zone END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=胆管狭窄症例におけるブラシ擦過/生検検体に対する迅速細胞診（B-ROSE）の診断性能評価：前向きパイロット研究 kn-title=Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of the Brush/Biopsy Rapid On-Site Evaluation (B-ROSE) in Cases of Bile Duct Stricture: A Prospective, Pilot Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HATTORINao en-aut-sei=HATTORI en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name=服部直 kn-aut-sei=服部 kn-aut-mei=直 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=オシメルチニブはMYLK4依存的なCDKAL1リン酸化を阻害し 横紋筋肉腫におけるがん幹細胞性と化学療法耐性を抑制する kn-title=Osimertinib inhibits the MYLK4-mediated phosphorylation of CDKAL1 to suppress stemness and chemoresistance in rhabdomyosarcoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ITANOTakuto en-aut-sei=ITANO en-aut-mei=Takuto kn-aut-name=板野拓人 kn-aut-sei=板野 kn-aut-mei=拓人 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ピルフェニドンによるコラーゲン抑制は胃癌腹膜播種に対する腫瘍融解アデノウイルの抗腫瘍効果を向上させる kn-title=Collagen depletion by pirfenidone enhances antitumor effect of oncolytic adenovirus against peritoneal metastases of gastric cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OKURATomohiro en-aut-sei=OKURA en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name=大倉友博 kn-aut-sei=大倉 kn-aut-mei=友博 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=マウス脳卒中モデルにおけるトランザクティブ応答DNA結合タンパク質43kDaを維持する潜在的メカニズム kn-title=The potential mechanism maintaining transactive response DNA binding protein 43 kDa in the mouse stroke model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BIANYUTING en-aut-sei=BIAN en-aut-mei=YUTING kn-aut-name=卞宇婷 kn-aut-sei=卞 kn-aut-mei=宇婷 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ヒアルロン酸ナトリウムとカルボキシメチルセルロースからなる生体吸収性膜（セプラフィルム）は、腹膜3Dモデルおよびマウスモデルにおいて腹膜欠損部への癌細胞転移を抑制する kn-title=Bioresorbable Membrane Composed of Sodium Hyaluronate and Carboxymethylcellulose (Seprafilm) Prevents Cancer Implantation at Peritoneal Defects in 3D‐Peritoneum and Murine Models en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UNEYuta en-aut-sei=UNE en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name=宇根悠太 kn-aut-sei=宇根 kn-aut-mei=悠太 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=膠芽腫組織内の不均一性を標的とした薬剤併用療法は治療効果を改善する kn-title=Dual molecular therapy targeting tumor cell heterogeneity improves therapeutic efficacy in glioblastoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HIRANOShuichiro en-aut-sei=HIRANO en-aut-mei=Shuichiro kn-aut-name=平野秀一郎 kn-aut-sei=平野 kn-aut-mei=秀一郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ラット出血性ショック蘇生後急性肺傷害に対するランジオロールの肺保護効果 kn-title=Protective impact of landiolol against acute lung injury following hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in rats en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SAKAMOTORisa en-aut-sei=SAKAMOTO en-aut-mei=Risa kn-aut-name=坂本里沙 kn-aut-sei=坂本 kn-aut-mei=里沙 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=慢性疼痛患者における不眠:後ろ向き研究 kn-title=Insomnia among patients with chronic pain A retrospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UEDAMasataka en-aut-sei=UEDA en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=植田昌敬 kn-aut-sei=植田 kn-aut-mei=昌敬 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=膵癌患者における術前後のゲノム情報に基づく予後層別化 kn-title=Precise stratification of prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients based on pre- and postoperative genomic information en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MIYAMOTOKokichi en-aut-sei=MIYAMOTO en-aut-mei=Kokichi kn-aut-name=宮本耕吉 kn-aut-sei=宮本 kn-aut-mei=耕吉 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=形質細胞骨髄腫におけるCD56発現の診断的有用性と頻度 kn-title=The diagnostic utility and frequency of CD56 expression in plasma cell myeloma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IMAIMidori en-aut-sei=IMAI en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name=今井みどり kn-aut-sei=今井 kn-aut-mei=みどり aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院保健学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=経口投与されたリン酸カルシウムによるカドミウム誘発性骨劣化の改善 kn-title=Amelioration of Cd-induced bone deterioration by orally administered calcium phosphate en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SUNGPING-CHIN en-aut-sei=SUNG en-aut-mei=PING-CHIN kn-aut-name=宋秉秦 kn-aut-sei=宋 kn-aut-mei=秉秦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=48 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adverse events of romidepsin versus tucidinostat for peripheral T-cell lymphoma: a pharmacovigilance study using the Japanese adverse drug event report database en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of lymphomas with poor prognosis, particularly in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) disease. Romidepsin and tucidinostat are histone deacetylase inhibitors used to treat R/R PTCL. No head-to-head post-marketing surveillance studies have compared adverse events (AEs) between the two agents. In this brief report, the AE profiles of romidepsin and tucidinostat were compared using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database to facilitate their differentiation and promote the management of AEs.
Methods We conducted a descriptive analysis using data from the JADER database from April 2018 to July 2025. The reported AEs for romidepsin and tucidinostat were extracted and classified according to preferred terms (PTs) and system organ classes (SOCs). Reporting odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare the AE profiles between the groups.
Results In total, 998,397 reports were analysed for all drugs, including 323 for romidepsin and 753 for tucidinostat. Compared with all drugs, both agents showed significant disproportionality signals in four SOCs: Blood and lymphatic system disorders; General disorders and administration site conditions; Investigations; and Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified. Romidepsin exhibited additional significant signals in six SOCs: Cardiac disorders, Eye disorders, Gastrointestinal disorders, Immune system disorders, Infections and infestations, and Metabolism and nutrition disorders. Direct comparison between the two agents revealed broader AE profiles for romidepsin, with AEs more frequently reported in eight SOCs, whereas tucidinostat showed AEs in only two SOCs. Romidepsin was associated with AEs more frequently reported in several PTs, including atrial fibrillation and gastrointestinal toxicities, such as constipation, tumour lysis syndrome, hepatotoxicity, and peripheral neuropathy, which was consistent with the results at the SOC level. In contrast, several significant PTs for tucidinostat were observed in General disorders and administration site conditions and Investigations.
Conclusions The Japanese real-world pharmacovigilance analysis showed differences in the AE profiles between romidepsin and tucidinostat. These differences in safety profiles may be useful for treatment selection and AE management in routine clinical practice among patients with R/R PTCL. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings and better characterise the safety profiles of these agents. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakatsuNao en-aut-sei=Takatsu en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoJun en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaYurie en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Yurie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiTomonori en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataNaohiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashionnaTsukasa en-aut-sei=Higashionna en-aut-mei=Tsukasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaTatsuaki en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Tatsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamanoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Hamano en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Romidepsin kn-keyword=Romidepsin en-keyword=Tucidinostat kn-keyword=Tucidinostat en-keyword=Adverse event kn-keyword=Adverse event en-keyword=JADER kn-keyword=JADER en-keyword=Pharmacovigilance kn-keyword=Pharmacovigilance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=3621 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Long-Term Outcomes of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Gallbladder Drainage for Acute Cholecystitis in Non-Surgical Candidates: A Multicenter Retrospective Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) is a minimally invasive alternative for managing acute cholecystitis in patients who are unsuitable for surgery. Although its short-term efficacy is well-established, its long-term outcomes, especially in patients with malignancy-associated cholecystitis, remain unclear. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included 139 patients who underwent EUS-GBD with a plastic stent for inoperable acute cholecystitis between January 2010 and October 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: a malignant group (n = 60) with cystic duct obstruction caused by cancer invasion or self-expandable metal stents, and a benign group (n = 79) with calculous or acalculous cholecystitis. The outcomes assessed included cholecystitis recurrence, time to recurrence, adverse events, and risk factors for recurrence. Results: Technical success was achieved in all patients, with an overall clinical success rate of 94.6%. Cholecystitis recurred significantly more frequently in the malignant group than in the benign group (13.3% vs. 2.5%; p = 0.015). Univariate analysis identified malignancy as a significant risk factor of recurrence (odds ratio, 5.92; p = 0.028). Conclusions: EUS-GBD is a safe and effective long-term treatment for cholecystitis in non-surgical candidates. However, malignancy-associated cholecystitis carries a high risk of recurrence, warranting careful follow-up and individualized management. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaradaKei en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoKazuya en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimotoKosaku en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei=Kosaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UetaEijiro en-aut-sei=Ueta en-aut-mei=Eijiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkimotoYutaka en-aut-sei=Akimoto en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HattoriNao en-aut-sei=Hattori en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObataTaisuke en-aut-sei=Obata en-aut-mei=Taisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoRyosuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumiAkihiro en-aut-sei=Matsumi en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerasawaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Terasawa en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiYuki en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriguchiShigeru en-aut-sei=Horiguchi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsutsumiKoichiro en-aut-sei=Tsutsumi en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, National Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=cholecystitis kn-keyword=cholecystitis en-keyword=drainage kn-keyword=drainage en-keyword=endosonography kn-keyword=endosonography en-keyword=gallbladder kn-keyword=gallbladder END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=4 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260401 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The 2024 Incentive Award of the Okayama Medical Association in General Medical Science (2024 Yuuki Prize) kn-title=令和６年度岡山医学会賞　総合研究奨励賞（結城賞） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoRyosuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name=佐藤亮介 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=亮介 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　消化器・肝臓内科学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=13650 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260316 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Sex-related differences in blood concentrations and emergence profiles following total intravenous anesthesia with remimazolam and remifentanil en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Remimazolam is a novel, short-acting benzodiazepine, which is characterized by rapid onset and quick recovery. The clinical efficacy and metabolism of many intravenous anesthetics are known to be influenced by sex; however, the effects of sex on the anesthetic efficacy and metabolism of remimazolam remain unclear. This prospective observational study examined sex-related differences in pharmacokinetics and emergence profiles after total intravenous anesthesia was induced with remimazolam and remifentanil in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery. Thirty-five American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status 1 adults (19 females, 16 males), aged 18–49 years, received standardized dosing based on their actual body weights. Serum remimazolam concentrations were measured at the end of administration and immediately before extubation using high-performance liquid chromatography. Although the emergence time did not differ significantly between the sexes, the mean emergence time of the females was approximately 80 s shorter. Serum remimazolam concentrations were significantly lower in females at both measurement time points (p < 0.001). This may suggest that remimazolam is metabolized more rapidly in women. Although these sex-related pharmacokinetic differences did not affect the time to awakening under combined remimazolam and remifentanil anesthesia, clinicians should be aware of potential sex differences in the pharmacokinetics of remimazolam. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoRiko en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Riko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiguchiHitoshi en-aut-sei=Higuchi en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiokaYukiko en-aut-sei=Nishioka en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeSaki en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Saki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyawakiTakuya en-aut-sei=Miyawaki en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=10 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260202 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Compact potential sensor for spacecraft based on a silicon photonic waveguide en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Satellites charge up due to incoming electrons and ions, resulting in an electrical potential difference (ΔV) between the satellite and outer space. This can cause electrostatic discharge (ESD) events, damaging electronic devices. To reduce failures due to ESD, sensors monitoring the ΔV can be helpful. Due to spacecraft’s restrictions, the sensors should be as small as possible. While small potential sensors in terrestrial applications are often based on electrical conduction in semiconductors, such sensors are not suitable for space application due to a weak resistance to cosmic radiation and ESD. Here, we report a compact sensor based on another sensing method: the utilization of light absorption in a silicon photonic waveguide. We performed experiments in a vacuum chamber simulating the space plasma environment to demonstrate that the light attenuation in the waveguide depends on the ΔV. Our results further indicate that our sensor exhibits a high resistance to ESD. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsukaKosei en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahamaWataru en-aut-sei=Takahama en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HojoRikuto en-aut-sei=Hojo en-aut-mei=Rikuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashiguchiTakeki en-aut-sei=Higashiguchi en-aut-mei=Takeki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikunagaKazuya en-aut-sei=Kikunaga en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MogamiTomofumi en-aut-sei=Mogami en-aut-mei=Tomofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYasushi en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Space Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Sensing Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Electrostatic Engineering DEPT, Kasuga Denki INC kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Space Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical anatomy of the superior labial branch of infraorbital nerve en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The infraorbital nerve (ION), a branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve, provides sensory innervation to the midface via its terminal divisions. Among these, the superior labial branch (SLb) supplies the upper lip and adjacent mucosa, regions frequently involved in oral, maxillofacial, and cosmetic procedures. Despite its clinical importance, the anatomy of the SLb has received relatively limited attention compared with other ION branches. This review synthesizes current evidence on the SLb’s course, branching patterns, innervation, morphometry, and variations, with emphasis on its relevance to surgical practice. Anatomical studies demonstrate that the SLb is the largest terminal division of the ION, often exhibiting medial and lateral subdivisions that anastomose with neighboring nerves. Its distribution predominantly follows a vertical orientation, supplying both cutaneous and mucosal structures of the upper lip. Variability in origin, branching, and accessory foramina underscores the need for careful surgical planning. Injury to the SLb is a recognized complication of Le Fort I osteotomy, midfacial trauma, and periapical procedures, potentially leading to long-term sensory disturbances. A comprehensive understanding of the SLb enhances intraoperative nerve preservation and may reduce postoperative morbidity, highlighting its significance for clinicians operating in the midfacial region. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakakuraHiroaki en-aut-sei=Takakura en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanaiAiri en-aut-sei=Tanai en-aut-mei=Airi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunisadaYuki en-aut-sei=Kunisada en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikutaShogo en-aut-sei=Kikuta en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitagawaNorio en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HurMi-Sun en-aut-sei=Hur en-aut-mei=Mi-Sun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AslamRizwan en-aut-sei=Aslam en-aut-mei=Rizwan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TubbsR. Shane en-aut-sei=Tubbs en-aut-mei=R. Shane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwanagaJoe en-aut-sei=Iwanaga en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology, Tulane University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=Anatomy kn-keyword=Anatomy en-keyword=Cadaver kn-keyword=Cadaver en-keyword=Trigeminal nerve kn-keyword=Trigeminal nerve en-keyword=Oral and maxillofacial kn-keyword=Oral and maxillofacial en-keyword=Histology kn-keyword=Histology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=146 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260205 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural study of monomeric and dimeric photosystem I-LHCI supercomplexes from a bryophyte en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Photosystem I (PSI) is one of the two photosystems conserved from cyanobacteria to vascular plants, and associates with multiple light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) that capture and transfer solar energy. Liverworts such as Marchantia polymorpha occupy an early evolutionary position among land plants and faced major challenges during terrestrial adaptation, including desiccation, strong light, and UV radiation. We reveal the cryo-electron microscopic structures of PSI-LHCI monomer and homodimer from the liverwort M. polymorpha at resolutions of 1.94 and 2.52 Å, respectively. The high-resolution map allows identification of the cofactors of the monomer and reveal differences between the liverwort and moss, another clade of bryophytes. The PSI-LHCI monomer-monomer is stabilized by PsaG and PsaH interactions on the stromal side, which causes the bending and twisting of the homodimer. PsaM interacts with PsaB tightly, indicating a key role of PsaM in mediating the dimerization. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsaiPi-Cheng en-aut-sei=Tsai en-aut-mei=Pi-Cheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=La RoccaRomain en-aut-sei=La Rocca en-aut-mei=Romain kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotoseHiroyasu en-aut-sei=Motose en-aut-mei=Hiroyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren en-aut-sei=Shen en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkitaFusamichi en-aut-sei=Akita en-aut-mei=Fusamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Advanced Research Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Advanced Research Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biology, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Advanced Research Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Advanced Research Field, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=361 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=114818 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Far-red-enriched ultra-long-day conditions induce constitutive FT expression and rapid flowering in radish rootstocks, promoting graft-mediated floral induction in Brassicaceae crops en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Efficient floral induction is essential for breeding and seed production in Brassicaceae crops, particularly for late-bolting cultivars and plant-vernalization–type species such as cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), which require substantial time and labor for artificial flower induction. A graft-mediated floral induction method was recently developed for cabbage, enabling flowering without vernalization treatment by grafting cabbage scions onto radish (Raphanus sativus L.) rootstocks. Although high expression of florigen gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in the rootstocks is a key determinant of success, environmental conditions capable of inducing strong FT expression in radish have remained unclear. Here, we demonstrate that a far-red-enriched ultra-long-day photoperiod (ULD-FR) markedly upregulates expression of radish FT homolog RsFTa and greatly enhances graft-mediated floral induction in cabbage. Under the ULD-FR condition, RsFTa expression remained constitutively high throughout the day, with daily transcript abundance increasing more than tenfold compared with standard high red/far-red (R/FR) ratio long-day conditions that employed fluorescent lamps. FT protein accumulation in cabbage scions grafted onto radish rootstocks was also strongly elevated, resulting in rapid flowering approximately 30 days after grafting. ULD-FR also promoted flowering in rapid-cycling Brassica rapa and B. oleracea accessions, and induced flowering in a vernalization-requiring R. sativus cultivar without low temperature treatment, suggesting that the response may be broadly conserved across Brassicaceae. Because ULD-FR can be implemented using standard lighting equipment by adding an FR light source, it presents potential utility as a versatile tool for breeding-related applications, including generation advancement and flowering synchronization among divergent accessions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MotokiKo en-aut-sei=Motoki en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakitaNami en-aut-sei=Kakita en-aut-mei=Nami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoTanjuro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Tanjuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasubaKen-ichiro en-aut-sei=Yasuba en-aut-mei=Ken-ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life and Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life and Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life and Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) kn-keyword=FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) en-keyword=Florigen kn-keyword=Florigen en-keyword=Red/far-red ratio kn-keyword=Red/far-red ratio en-keyword=Graft-mediated floral induction kn-keyword=Graft-mediated floral induction en-keyword=Radish (Raphanus sativus) kn-keyword=Radish (Raphanus sativus) en-keyword=Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) kn-keyword=Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) en-keyword=Brassica rapa kn-keyword=Brassica rapa END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=12889 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Explainable analysis of the complex maze magnetic domain structure through extension of the Landau free energy model by adding an entropy feature en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Maze magnetic domains exhibit complex, temperature-dependent behavior that impacts energy loss in soft magnets, yet their magnetization reversal mechanisms remain poorly understood due to current model limitations. To address this gap, we develop an entropy-extended Landau free energy model that incorporates thermal effects into the analysis of magnetic domain. We employ a data-driven pipeline combining persistent homology, energy decomposition, and principal component analysis to construct an interpretable model that quantifies structure–property relationships and enables causal analysis of magnetic pattern formation. Using this approach, we trace entropy increases to their origins in initial domain configurations and quantify energy transfer among entropic, demagnetization, and exchange contributions. We also find that domain wall lengthening tracks increasing structural complexity, yielding previously inaccessible insights into magnetization reversal mechanism and enabling automated visualization. Our entropy-augmented model provides an explainable framework to decipher magnetization processes and guide the design of magnetic materials to reduce energy loss. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasuzawaK. en-aut-sei=Masuzawa en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FoggiattoA. L. en-aut-sei=Foggiatto en-aut-mei=A. L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuniiS. en-aut-sei=Kunii en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaokaR. en-aut-sei=Nagaoka en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniwakiM. en-aut-sei=Taniwaki en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiT. en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsumataC. en-aut-sei=Mitsumata en-aut-mei=C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObayashiI. en-aut-sei=Obayashi en-aut-mei=I. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraokaY. en-aut-sei=Hiraoka en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KotsugiM. en-aut-sei=Kotsugi en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Interdisciplinary Education and Research Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=153 end-page=157 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Revisiting Adrenal Crisis Triggered by Influenza Infection: Lessons from Two Fatal Cases en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Adrenal crisis is a life-threatening endocrine emergency that can progress within hours despite a prior diagnosis and maintenance therapy. We describe a fatal influenza-triggered adrenal crisis in two patients: a child with panhypopituitarism and an adult with prior pituitary surgery, both presenting in cardiac arrest. Despite resuscitation and intravenous hydrocortisone, a fatal hypoxic-ischemic injury or multiorgan failure occurred. These cases highlight the fulminant course of an adrenal crisis and underscore the importance of early recognition, clinician awareness, prompt parenteral hydrocortisone administration, and reinforcement of education for patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers to improve preparedness and prevent avoidable deaths. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UedaYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HongoTakashi en-aut-sei=Hongo en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObaraTakafumi en-aut-sei=Obara en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojimaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Nojima en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaKohei en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaKosei en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FutagawaNatsuko en-aut-sei=Futagawa en-aut-mei=Natsuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=adrenal insufficiency kn-keyword=adrenal insufficiency en-keyword=cardiac arrest kn-keyword=cardiac arrest en-keyword=hydrocortisone kn-keyword=hydrocortisone en-keyword=influenza kn-keyword=influenza en-keyword=shock kn-keyword=shock END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=147 end-page=152 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Complete Transection of the Common Bile Duct Caused by Blunt Abdominal Trauma: A Rare Case Report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Common bile duct (CBD) injury after blunt abdominal trauma is rare and difficult to diagnose. Delayed recognition leads to severe morbidity. A 70-year-old Japanese man was admitted after sustaining blunt abdominal trauma. Ultrasonography revealed intra-abdominal fluid, suggesting bleeding. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed pancreatic head injury, intra-abdominal bleeding, and pseudoaneurysm of the anterior superior pancreatoduodenal artery (ASPDA). Bile duct injury was not evident. The application of transarterial embolization (TAE) controlled the bleeding. Canulation into the pancreatic or biliary duct was not possible during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. An emergency laparotomy revealed severe pancreatic head and extrahepatic bile duct injuries. Pancreaticoduodenectomy/Child reconstruction was performed. Complete CBD transection was confirmed. The patient was ultimately discharged without complications. Early recognition, timely surgical management, and intensive care are essential for favorable outcomes in patients who have sustained abdominal trauma. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoShinya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabuchiMotoyasu en-aut-sei=Tabuchi en-aut-mei=Motoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaAkira en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimatsuRika en-aut-sei=Yoshimatsu en-aut-mei=Rika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaisakaYuichi en-aut-sei=Saisaka en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoManabu en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataJun en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= en-keyword=blunt abdominal trauma kn-keyword=blunt abdominal trauma en-keyword=intensive care kn-keyword=intensive care en-keyword=emergency laparotomy kn-keyword=emergency laparotomy en-keyword=pancreatoduodenectomy kn-keyword=pancreatoduodenectomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=141 end-page=145 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by ESBL-Producing Raoultella ornithinolytica in an Immunocompromised Patient with VEXAS Syndrome en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory somatic) syndrome has a poor prognosis, with infections being a major cause of death. Raoultella ornithinolytica is an environmental bacterium found predominantly in soil and water. Although R. ornithinolytica can cause various infections, necrotizing fasciitis due to this bacterium has not been reported. We describe the case of an 84-year-old Japanese male with VEXAS syndrome who developed septic shock and necrotizing fasciitis while he was under immunosuppressive therapy. The pathogen was initially misidentified as R. planticola by mass spectrometry but later confirmed by whole-genome sequencing as extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) produced by R. ornithinolytica. Although a life-saving leg amputation was required, the patient recovered with appropriate antibiotic therapy. R. ornithinolytica is thus able to cause severe skin infections in immunocompromised individuals. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Sakamoto-TokunagaMoe en-aut-sei=Sakamoto-Tokunaga en-aut-mei=Moe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsuyamaTakayuki en-aut-sei=Katsuyama en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatobaMasaki en-aut-sei=Matoba en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraTomokazu en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Tomokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaNatsuki en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Natsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerajimaYuya en-aut-sei=Terajima en-aut-mei=Yuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShidaharaKenta en-aut-sei=Shidahara en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiroseKei en-aut-sei=Hirose en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuya en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NawachiShoichi en-aut-sei=Nawachi en-aut-mei=Shoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakadoiTakato en-aut-sei=Nakadoi en-aut-mei=Takato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaYu en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiKeigo en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyawakiYoshia en-aut-sei=Miyawaki en-aut-mei=Yoshia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsuyamaEri en-aut-sei=Katsuyama en-aut-mei=Eri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHaruki en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Haruki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=Takano-NarazakiMariko en-aut-sei=Takano-Narazaki en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoYoshinori en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadaKen-Ei en-aut-sei=Sada en-aut-mei=Ken-Ei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiShuma en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Shuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotohKazuyoshi en-aut-sei=Gotoh en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaShinnosuke en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaJun en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=necrotizing fasciitis kn-keyword=necrotizing fasciitis en-keyword=Raoultella ornithinolytica kn-keyword=Raoultella ornithinolytica en-keyword=VEXAS syndrome kn-keyword=VEXAS syndrome en-keyword=whole-genome sequence kn-keyword=whole-genome sequence END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=131 end-page=139 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Impact of Proteinuria on Postoperative Complications Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Colorectal surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative complications regardless of the advances in surgical techniques and multidisciplinary treatment. Proteinuria is common in patients with malignancies, but few studies have investigated the association between preoperative proteinuria and patient prognoses, especially postoperative complications. We investigated the impact of proteinuria on patients undergoing colorectal surgery in a single-center, retrospective cohort study of 767 patients who underwent surgical resection for colorectal cancer between January 2016 and December 2022 at the National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center. Among them, 81 patients with preoperative proteinuria were compared with the control group of 686 patients without proteinuria. Our analyses revealed that the patients with proteinuria had malnutrition with a significantly lower prognostic nutritional index compared to the no-proteinuria control group (p<0.001). The proteinuria group had a significantly advanced tumor stage (p=0.005), experienced more bleeding during the surgery (p=0.002), and required more transfusions (p<0.001). Postoperative complications were significantly more frequent in the proteinuria group (p=0.03), thus demonstrating that proteinuria was independently associated with postoperative complications (p=0.045). Proteinuria in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery can therefore be considered a risk factor for postoperative complications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakataShunsuke en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakatsuFumiaki en-aut-sei=Takatsu en-aut-mei=Fumiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikuriyaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Mikuriya en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakishitaTomokazu en-aut-sei=Kakishita en-aut-mei=Tomokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HatoShinji en-aut-sei=Hato en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaKoji en-aut-sei=Ohta en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobatakeTakaya en-aut-sei=Kobatake en-aut-mei=Takaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= en-keyword=colorectal cancer kn-keyword=colorectal cancer en-keyword=surgery kn-keyword=surgery en-keyword=proteinuria kn-keyword=proteinuria en-keyword=complication kn-keyword=complication en-keyword=malnutrition kn-keyword=malnutrition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=119 end-page=129 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mini-open Corpectomy and Posterior Spinal Fixation with Single-Position Surgery in Lateral Decubitus Position for Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Vertebral Collapse in Elderly Patients en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We evaluated the clinical outcomes and limitations of anterior and posterior combined surgery with a mini-open corpectomy applying an expandable cage (Xcore®) and percutaneous pedicle screw (PPS) fixation using single-position surgery in the lateral decubitus position in patients aged > 75 years with thoracolumbar vertebral collapse. The cases of 30 consecutive patients who underwent this procedure and had ≥ 1-year follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. The mean operative time was 78.8 min and the estimated blood loss was 115.7 ml per level. The complications included adjacent junctional failure (n=9, 30%), deep venous thrombosis (n=3, 10%), delirium (n=3, 10%), pleural injury (n=2, 6%), screw backout (n=1, 3%) kidney injury (n=1, 3%), chylothorax (n=1, 3%), and wound dehiscence (n=1, 3%). Seven cases (23.3%) required reoperation. Local kyphosis showed significant improvement (p<0.05) that was maintained at the final follow-up. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire and a visual analogue scale indicated significant improvement in all categories at the final follow-up (p<0.05). The use of mini-open corpectomy and posterior fixation with SPAPS can thus provide reliable radiological correction and good postoperative clinical outcomes even in patients aged > 75 years. However, a limitation of this procedure is the rate of reoperation (23.3%) for osteoporosis-related adjacent segment fracture and screw backout. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkumaHisanori en-aut-sei=Ikuma en-aut-mei=Hisanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiroseTomohiko en-aut-sei=Hirose en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaKazutoshi en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Kazutoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Otsuka Orthopedic Clinic kn-affil= en-keyword=single postion surgery kn-keyword=single postion surgery en-keyword=osteoporotic vertebral collapse kn-keyword=osteoporotic vertebral collapse en-keyword=anterior and posterior combined surgery kn-keyword=anterior and posterior combined surgery en-keyword=minimum invasive surgery kn-keyword=minimum invasive surgery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=109 end-page=117 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Mixed-Methods Study on Changes in Interprofessional Education Attitudes and Fundamental Competencies: A Pre–Post Analysis of Clinical Training in Dietetic Students en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study examined the effects of interprofessional education (IPE) on dietetics students during clinical training, focusing on changes in their attitudes toward IPE and their fundamental competencies. Eighty third-year female students (mean age, 21.0 years) at a Japanese women’s university participated. Self-administered surveys were conducted before and after clinical training to assess attitudes toward IPE using the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) and the Shakaijin Kisoryoku (SKL; Fundamental Competencies for Working Persons) scale. Quantitative data were analyzed using paired t-tests, chi-squared tests, and cluster analyses. Qualitative data from open-ended responses were analyzed thematically. RIPLS and SKL scores increased significantly, from 65.3 to 68.9, and from 28. 4 to 33. 2, respectively (p<0.001). All 12 SKL items showed significant improvement. In free responses, “initiative” (66 mentions), “communication” (10), and “execution” (8) were the most frequently cited as improved competencies. Cluster analysis identified three groups: increasing scores (n=25), high baseline (n=30), and minimal change (n=25). No significant correlation was found between changes in RIPLS and SKL scores (r=−0.108, p=0.355). IPE integrated into clinical training may enhance dietetics students’ attitudes toward interprofessional collaboration and contribute to the development of professional identity. Individualized, phased IPE implementation is recommended to accommodate differences in learner readiness. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SonoiMika en-aut-sei=Sonoi en-aut-mei=Mika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SonoiNorihiro en-aut-sei=Sonoi en-aut-mei=Norihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaYoko en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Foods and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Notre Dame Seishin University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for Education in Medicine and Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Foods and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Notre Dame Seishin University kn-affil= en-keyword=interprofessional education kn-keyword=interprofessional education en-keyword=dietetics students kn-keyword=dietetics students en-keyword=clinical training kn-keyword=clinical training en-keyword=professional competencies kn-keyword=professional competencies en-keyword=transformative learning kn-keyword=transformative learning END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=99 end-page=107 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Consistent Clinical Outcomes of Anteroinferior Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Midshaft Clavicle Fractures Across AO/OTA Fracture Types en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Although the performance of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) via the anteroinferior approach is increasingly adopted for midshaft clavicle fractures, the influence of fracture morphology on clinical outcomes under a standardized protocol is unclear. We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 54 patients who underwent anteroinferior MIPO for an acute midshaft clavicle fracture (AO/OTA types B1, B2, B3) performed by a single surgeon across three affiliated institutions (2009-2022). We evaluated the clinical outcomes, i.e., the surgical time, incision length, radiographic union, reduction accuracy, range of motion, pain (visual analog scale [VAS]), and complications and compared them among the three AO/OTA subtypes. The mean incision length (3.4 cm) and surgical time (71-79 min) were similar among the groups (both p>0.2). All fractures achieved radiographic union at a mean of 3.5 months. Postoperative alignment and clavicular length were maintained (length reduction −1.0±2.2 mm [B1], −0.5±2.0 mm [B2], −0.6±1.8 mm [B3]; p=0.825; angulation −0.8±3.4°, −1.1±3.1°, −0.3±3.3°; p=0.888). At 3 months, shoulder elevation and abduction were 169°-175° (p=0.079) and 164°-175° (p=0.324). Pain was minimal (100-mm VAS: ≤1 mm; p=0.782). One plate-fatigue failure occurred; no supraclavicular-nerve symptoms were recorded. Anteroinferior MIPO yielded consistent outcomes across AO/OTA types, with excellent union rates, functional recovery, and few complications, indicating that this technique is safe and reproducible for the surgical management of midshaft clavicle fractures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Nguyen Trung Thanh en-aut-sei=Nguyen Trung Thanh en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamichiRyo en-aut-sei=Nakamichi en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimamuraYasunori en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoTaichi en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Taichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurutaniTomoki en-aut-sei=Furutani en-aut-mei=Tomoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShitozawaHisakazu en-aut-sei=Shitozawa en-aut-mei=Hisakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NodaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kousei Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=clavicle fracture kn-keyword=clavicle fracture en-keyword=minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis kn-keyword=minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis en-keyword=anteroinferior plating kn-keyword=anteroinferior plating en-keyword=AO/OTA classification kn-keyword=AO/OTA classification END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=85 end-page=97 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment on Bacterial and Clinical Parameters in Down Syndrome Patients Based on 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are more susceptible to periodontal disease; however, microbial changes following treatment remain insufficiently understood. This study evaluated the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on clinical outcomes and oral microbiome dynamics in 6 patients with DS using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Bacterial diversity, composition, network structure, and predicted functional pathways were analyzed using dental plaque samples. Bleeding on probing decreased significantly (p=0.047) after treatment, with a trend toward reduction in periodontal inflamed surface area (p=0.05). The abundance of Fusobacteria at the class level decreased significantly after treatment. The abundance of Mogibacterium timidum was higher in the pretreatment group than in the posttreatment group. M. timidum was positively correlated with Treponema denticola and associated with multiple bacterial taxa in the network during pretreatment. Predicted functional pathways related to aromatic compound degradation were more abundant in posttreatment samples than in pretreatment samples. An increase in the abundance of Fusobacterium and the positive correlation between T. denticola and M. timidum, together with their associations with other periodontal pathogens before treatment, may contribute to the development of periodontitis in individuals with DS. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy produces measurable clinical improvement and promotes microbial shifts in patients with DS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShibaTakahiko en-aut-sei=Shiba en-aut-mei=Takahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamoriMitsuhito en-aut-sei=Takamori en-aut-mei=Mitsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatagiriSayaka en-aut-sei=Katagiri en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiRyota en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawauchiAki en-aut-sei=Kawauchi en-aut-mei=Aki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhsugiYujin en-aut-sei=Ohsugi en-aut-mei=Yujin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=LinPeiya en-aut-sei=Lin en-aut-mei=Peiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=EkuniDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ekuni en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=EgusaMasahiko en-aut-sei=Egusa en-aut-mei=Masahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataTakanori en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaShigeru en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=The center for Special Needs Dentistry, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= en-keyword=Down Syndrome kn-keyword=Down Syndrome en-keyword=16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing kn-keyword=16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing en-keyword=periodontitis kn-keyword=periodontitis en-keyword=nonsurgical periodontal treatment kn-keyword=nonsurgical periodontal treatment en-keyword=oral microbiome kn-keyword=oral microbiome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=83 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Involvement of ADAM12 in TGF-β1-Induced Proliferation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 12 (ADAM12) is known to be involved in chondrocyte proliferation and is upregulated in the synovial tissue of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the underlying mechanisms of ADAM12 on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial cell proliferation remain unknown. Here, we investigated the role of ADAM12 in the proliferation of RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). The expression and localization of ADAM12 in RA synovial tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry and compared with OA and healthy control (HC) synovial tissues. The effect of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, TGF-β1, and PDGF-BB) on ADAM12 expression in RASFs from RA patients was examined by real-time RT-PCR. The effect of ADAM12 knock-down by ADAM12 siRNA and ADAM12 overexpression on cell proliferation of RASFs were examined by WST-1 assay. ADAM12 was identified predominantly in RA synovial tissue rather than OA and HC synovial tissues. Stimulation with TGF-β1 upregulated the expression of ADAM12 and cell proliferation of RASFs. ADAM12 siRNA suppressed TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation of RASFs, while ADAM12 overexpression promoted the cell proliferation of RASFs. These findings demonstrate that ADAM12 may have a key role in TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation of synovial fibroblasts in patients with RA. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LinDeting en-aut-sei=Lin en-aut-mei=Deting kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoritaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Horita en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMasahito en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Masahito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseiJoe en-aut-sei=Hasei en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukiTakashi en-aut-sei=Ohtsuki en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaNoriaki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchikawaChinatsu en-aut-sei=Ichikawa en-aut-mei=Chinatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaniwaShuichi en-aut-sei=Naniwa en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Muscat Orthopaedic Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Medical Information and Assistive Technology Development, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Chronic Pain Medicine and Division of Comprehensive Rheumatology, Locomotive Pain Center, Faculty of Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=rheumatoid arthritis kn-keyword=rheumatoid arthritis en-keyword=synovial tissue kn-keyword=synovial tissue en-keyword=TGF-β1 kn-keyword=TGF-β1 en-keyword=ADAM12 kn-keyword=ADAM12 en-keyword=cell proliferation kn-keyword=cell proliferation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=5942 end-page=5953 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transverse- and Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet Machine With C-Type SMC Stator: A Solution for Ultra-Flat Applications en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This article proposes a novel transverse- and axial-flux permanent magnet machine (T-AFPM) using a C-type stator core for reducing system size via an ultra-flat shape. With an axial length of only 19.7 mm, this ultra-flat shape contributes markedly to reducing system size in industrial applications such as water pumps. In general, AFPMs are suitable for a flat shape because of their high torque density with a short axial length. However, it is difficult to use conventional AFPMs to achieve an ultra-flat shape because of structural problems and insufficient performance. By contrast, the proposed T-AFPM achieves a highly manufacturable structure, high efficiency, and the required output power despite its extremely short axial length. Herein, the T-AFPM is compared with conventional AFPMs with various configurations by means of three-dimensional finite-element analysis, and experiments on a T-AFPM prototype are reported. From the simulation and experimental results, the proposed T-AFPM shows high efficiency (IE5 class), the required output power, and suitable structural properties for an ultra-flat shape. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsunataRen en-aut-sei=Tsunata en-aut-mei=Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemotoMasatsugu en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Masatsugu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiJun en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UenoTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Sumitomo Electric Sintered Alloy Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Sumitomo Electric Sintered Alloy Ltd. kn-affil= en-keyword=Axial-flux machine kn-keyword=Axial-flux machine en-keyword=coreless rotor structure kn-keyword=coreless rotor structure en-keyword=C-shaped core kn-keyword=C-shaped core en-keyword=efficiency (IE5 class) kn-keyword=efficiency (IE5 class) en-keyword=permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) kn-keyword=permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) en-keyword=short axial length kn-keyword=short axial length en-keyword=soft magnetic composite (SMC) kn-keyword=soft magnetic composite (SMC) en-keyword=transverse-flux machine kn-keyword=transverse-flux machine en-keyword=ultra-flat shape kn-keyword=ultra-flat shape END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=283 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=78 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260401 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Simons Observatory: Detector Polarization Angle Calibration Using a Sparse Wire Grid with Initial Datasets of the Small-aperture Telescopes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Improved measurements of B-modes in the cosmic microwave background can be obtained through accurate calibration of the orientation of detector antennas as projected onto the sky. Miscalibration of the detector polarization angle leads to a leakage of E-modes into B-modes, which can bias the detection of the latter. To achieve a σ(r) of 0.003, the Simons Observatory small-aperture telescopes are required to calibrate the global polarization angle on the sky with an accuracy ≲0.°1. We demonstrate a fully remote-controllable calibration system using a “sparse wire grid,” which injects a rotatable linear polarized signal across the telescope’s focal plane. This calibration system is installed and operational on one of the small-aperture telescopes at its observing site at the Parque Astronómico in the Atacama desert in Chile. We developed a pipeline for the detector polarization angle calibration, and demonstrate it using initial data for 93 and 145 GHz frequency bands. The observed distribution of detector polarization angles is in agreement with the instrument design. Statistical uncertainties for the relatively calibrated polarization angles are 0.°02 and 0.°03 at 93 and 145 GHz, respectively. Systematic uncertainty was evaluated to be 0.°08 at the hardware development and fabrication stage. Their sum in quadrature is less than 0.°1. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakataHironobu en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AdachiShunsuke en-aut-sei=Adachi en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKyohei en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Kyohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=RandallMichael en-aut-sei=Randall en-aut-mei=Michael kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KasaiYutaro en-aut-sei=Kasai en-aut-mei=Yutaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArnoldKam en-aut-sei=Arnold en-aut-mei=Kam kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=BixlerBryce en-aut-sei=Bixler en-aut-mei=Bryce kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChinoneYuji en-aut-sei=Chinone en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=CrowleyKevin T. en-aut-sei=Crowley en-aut-mei=Kevin T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=DachlythraNadia en-aut-sei=Dachlythra en-aut-mei=Nadia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=Day-WeissSamuel en-aut-sei=Day-Weiss en-aut-mei=Samuel kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=GalitzkiNicholas en-aut-sei=Galitzki en-aut-mei=Nicholas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=GiardielloSerena en-aut-sei=Giardiello en-aut-mei=Serena kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=JohnsonBradley R. en-aut-sei=Johnson en-aut-mei=Bradley R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KeatingBrian en-aut-sei=Keating en-aut-mei=Brian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoopmanBrian J. en-aut-sei=Koopman en-aut-mei=Brian J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KusakaAkito en-aut-sei=Kusaka en-aut-mei=Akito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=LashnerJack en-aut-sei=Lashner en-aut-mei=Jack kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=NatiFederico en-aut-sei=Nati en-aut-mei=Federico kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=PageLyman en-aut-sei=Page en-aut-mei=Lyman kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiDaichi en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Daichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuenoYoshinori en-aut-sei=Sueno en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiJunya en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=TajimaOsamu en-aut-sei=Tajima en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsanTran en-aut-sei=Tsan en-aut-mei=Tran kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University, Department of Physics kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of California San Diego kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=QUP (WPI), KEK kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Milano-Bicocca kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=University of Virginia, Department of Astronomy kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of California San Diego kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Kavli IPMU (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Wright Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yale University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Milano-Bicocca kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=220 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=29 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260404 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Knot surgered elliptic surfaces without 1- and 3-handles for a (2, 2h + 1)-torus knot en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For any positive integers h and n, we show that a knot surgered elliptic surface E(n)T(2,2h+1) for a (2, 2h + 1)-torus knot T (2, 2h + 1) admits a handle decomposition without 1- and 3-handles using a Kirby diagram derived from a Lefschetz fibration on it. As a corollary, an elliptic surface E(1)2,2h+1 has such a handle decomposition. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MondenNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Monden en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YabuguchiReo en-aut-sei=Yabuguchi en-aut-mei=Reo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=131 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=e2025JE009432 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Investigating the Detectability of Body Wave Phases From Tidal Ice Cracking Events on Titan With the Dragonfly Short-Period Seismometer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Detecting seismic activity on Saturn's icy moon Titan during the Dragonfly mission could provide crucial information on its internal structure. The geological complexity of the moon's surface suggests significant cyclic tidal deformation, likely leading to the fracturing of the ice shell. Considering realistic source locations and fault geometries, we assess whether a vertical short-period seismometer can detect body waves from a Mw 4.0 icequake. Signal-to-noise ratios are evaluated by comparing the high-frequency content with the expected background noise and instrument capabilities for several ice attenuation scenarios and 1D interior models. Our results indicate that the high-frequency content (≥1Hz) of Mw≤4.0 tidal-induced icequakes is likely undetectable under the most unfavorable attenuation scenarios and atmospheric conditions. However, seismic signals in the 0.5–1 Hz band—where P wave reflections dominate—may still be observable for events occurring in potential seismically active regions at ∼800–1,000 km from the Dragonfly's landing site. These signals could provide constraints on the thickness of Titan's outer ice shell, provided that intrinsic attenuation is low and environmental conditions are favorable. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DelaroqueL. en-aut-sei=Delaroque en-aut-mei=L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraT. en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=LucasA. en-aut-sei=Lucas en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=RodriguezS. en-aut-sei=Rodriguez en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoderaK. en-aut-sei=Onodera en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraishiH. en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaR. en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaS. en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=PanningM. P. en-aut-sei=Panning en-aut-mei=M. P. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=LorenzR. D. en-aut-sei=Lorenz en-aut-mei=R. D. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Université Paris Cité, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Université Paris Cité, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Université Paris Cité, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Université Paris Cité, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=The University of Aizu kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory kn-affil= en-keyword=body waves kn-keyword=body waves en-keyword=planetary seismology kn-keyword=planetary seismology en-keyword=interior structure kn-keyword=interior structure en-keyword=dragonfly mission kn-keyword=dragonfly mission en-keyword=icy moons kn-keyword=icy moons en-keyword=Titan kn-keyword=Titan END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=135 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=103134 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Regulation of brain-specific kinases 1 and 2 (BRSK1/2) by Ca2+/calmodulin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We conducted a genome-wide calmodulin (CaM) interaction screening of 462 GST-fused human protein kinases to identify novel CaM-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs). In addition to known CaMKs, including myosin light chain kinases, CaMK2γ, and death-associated kinase 2, we identified the brain-specific protein kinase 2 (BRSK2, also known as SAD-A) as a novel CaM interactant. Proximity biotinylation and CaM–sepharose chromatography assays revealed that rat BRSK isoforms (BRSK1/2) interact with CaM in a Ca2+-dependent manner in vitro. We found that CaM suppresses the activation-loop phosphorylation of BRSK1 (at Thr189) and BRSK2 (at Thr175) by liver kinase B1 (LKB1), an activating kinase, in a Ca2+-dependent manner (IC50 of ∼7 µM), thereby inhibiting BRSK activation. LKB1-catalyzed phosphorylation of the catalytic domain mutant of BRSK1 (residues 1–294) at Thr189 was suppressed by the addition of Ca2+/CaM, consistent with direct CaM binding of the kinase domain, as well as wild-type BRSK1. We confirmed that the LKB1 activity was not directly suppressed by Ca2+/CaM, supporting the hypothesis that the direct interaction of Ca2+/CaM with the kinase domain blocks the phosphorylation/activation of BRSK1/2 by LKB1. The kinase activity and PP2Cα-catalyzed dephosphorylation of LKB1-phosphorylated BRSK1 were not altered by Ca2+/CaM, although it was demonstrated to bind to Ca2+/CaM like that of unphosphorylated BRSK1. This unrecognized mechanism of BRSK1/2 regulation, involving the direct role of Ca2+/CaM binding, which inhibits phosphorylation/activation by LKB1, may open a new Ca2+ signal transduction pathway in neurons. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WashidaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Washida en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaMoe en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Moe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BrunAnna R. en-aut-sei=Brun en-aut-mei=Anna R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakezakiUryu en-aut-sei=Takezaki en-aut-mei=Uryu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HijikawaKo en-aut-sei=Hijikawa en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamauchiHaruki en-aut-sei=Yamauchi en-aut-mei=Haruki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukaSatomi en-aut-sei=Ohtsuka en-aut-mei=Satomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MagariMasaki en-aut-sei=Magari en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorishitaRyo en-aut-sei=Morishita en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumitsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Tokumitsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=CellFree Sciences Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=BRSK1 kn-keyword=BRSK1 en-keyword=BRSK2 kn-keyword=BRSK2 en-keyword=calmodulin kn-keyword=calmodulin en-keyword=LKB1 kn-keyword=LKB1 en-keyword=phosphorylation kn-keyword=phosphorylation en-keyword=Ca2+ kn-keyword=Ca2+ en-keyword=CaM-dependent protein kinase kn-keyword=CaM-dependent protein kinase END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinicopathological and transcriptomic profiles of 101 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/high-grade B-cell lymphoma with double-hit MYC and BCL2 or BCL6 and triple hit en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aims: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/high-grade B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL/HGBCL) with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (double-hit lymphoma with BCL2, DHL-BCL2) is a mature aggressive B-cell lymphoma that also includes concurrent triple hit with BCL6 translocation (TH). DHL with MYC and BCL6 (DH-BCL6) can also occur. The differences among these three DLBCL/HGBCL subtypes have not yet been definitively determined.
Methods and Results: This study characterized the clinicopathological features and transcriptomic profiles of a series of 101 cases of DLBCL/HGBCL that were subclassified according to MYC, BCL2 and BCL6 FISH data, including cell-of-origin (COO)-like, molecular high-grade (MHG)-like and double-hit/dark-zone (DHIT/DZsig)-like signatures. DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL2 was characterized by higher HGBCL morphology, CD10 positivity, GCB Hans's, GCB COO and MHG molecular subtype. DLBCL/HGBCL-TH had higher LDH levels and worse overall survival. DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL6 had higher MUM1 expression, non-GCB Hans', ABC/Unclassified COO, non-MHG and low DHIT/DZ signatures. Transcriptomic analysis showed that DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL2 and DLBCL/HGBCL-TH were close but separated from DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL6. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed different levels of enrichment between the subtypes.
Conclusions: DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL6 differs from the DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL2, and the DLBCL/HGBCL-TH is associated with the worst survival. Analysis of all three genes of MYC, BCL2 and BCL6 is recommended in the context of DLBCL/HGBCL diagnosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyaokaMasashi en-aut-sei=Miyaoka en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=CarrerasJoaquim en-aut-sei=Carreras en-aut-mei=Joaquim kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikutiYara Yukie en-aut-sei=Kikuti en-aut-mei=Yara Yukie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkomaHaruka en-aut-sei=Ikoma en-aut-mei=Haruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaseShunsuke en-aut-sei=Nagase en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoAtsushi en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OritaMakoto en-aut-sei=Orita en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiRika en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Rika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYasuharu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraMidori Filiz en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Midori Filiz kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukasakiKunihiro en-aut-sei=Tsukasaki en-aut-mei=Kunihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MomoseShuji en-aut-sei=Momose en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KameokaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Kameoka en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatouAkira en-aut-sei=Satou en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoSeiichi en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=OishiNaoki en-aut-sei=Oishi en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoAkio en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadahiraKen en-aut-sei=Sadahira en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasugiYohei en-aut-sei=Masugi en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraNaoya en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pathology, School of Medicine Tokai University Isehara Japan kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tokai University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Osaka City General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Center for Clinical Pathology, Fujita Health University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Pathology, University of Yamanashi kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Hematology, NHO Shibukawa Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Kawasaki Municipal Kawasaki Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai University kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai University kn-affil= en-keyword=BCL2 kn-keyword=BCL2 en-keyword=BCL6 kn-keyword=BCL6 en-keyword=high-grade B-cell lymphoma kn-keyword=high-grade B-cell lymphoma en-keyword=molecular profile kn-keyword=molecular profile en-keyword=MYC kn-keyword=MYC en-keyword=rearrangements kn-keyword=rearrangements END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=657 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adolescent screen use in the pre-internet era and subsequent health and well-being: an outcome-wide longitudinal study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health, N = 11,054) to assess whether increases in screen-based leisure during adolescence (Wave II, from 1996) predicted adult well-being (Wave IV, from 2008-09), adjusting for a wide range of covariates (Wave I, from 1995). Using an outcome-wide analytic approach, we examined associations between screen time and 38 adult outcomes, adjusting for prior screen time, values of most outcomes, and confounders. Most associations were null. Modest evidence was found for links between screen time (continuous) and reduced sense of control, illicit drug use, and allostatic load. High screen time (14 h/week) or more also showed weak associations with lower depression and preventive care use. Because the data predate widespread internet use, the findings help establish a baseline for the long-term effects of non-internet screen activities, which appeared to behave had limited impact on adult health and well-being. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=de la Rosa Fernández-PachecoPedro Antonio en-aut-sei=de la Rosa Fernández-Pacheco en-aut-mei=Pedro Antonio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WilkinsonRenae en-aut-sei=Wilkinson en-aut-mei=Renae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=CowdenRichard G. en-aut-sei=Cowden en-aut-mei=Richard G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenYing en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Ying kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=CaseBrendan en-aut-sei=Case en-aut-mei=Brendan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiEtsuji en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Etsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=VanderWeeleTyler J. en-aut-sei=VanderWeele en-aut-mei=Tyler J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Youth in Transition, Institute for Culture and Society, Universidad de Navarra kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Leisure kn-keyword=Leisure en-keyword=Television kn-keyword=Television en-keyword=Outcome-wide epidemiology kn-keyword=Outcome-wide epidemiology en-keyword=Video games kn-keyword=Video games en-keyword=Adolescence kn-keyword=Adolescence en-keyword=Well-being kn-keyword=Well-being END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e79545 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260302 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prescription Support Practice for Pharmacy Students: Pre-Post Educational Intervention Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: In the field of team-based care, pharmacists are vital for optimizing medication therapy. However, many medical professionals lack the opportunity to learn how to propose prescription changes with precision.
Objective: This study aimed to address this knowledge gap by developing and assessing a new educational program for pharmacy students focused on prescription support and interprofessional collaboration.
Methods: We recruited 191 fifth-year pharmaceutical students during the 2022‐2024 academic years. The program featured a 7-day intensive curriculum that included learning how to assist with prescriptions, analyzing clinical data, and engaging in role-playing exercises. A web-based questionnaire and a paper test were used to evaluate students’ awareness and knowledge both before and after the program. Statistical analyses were performed to verify the significance of changes; we utilized the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for the ordinal data derived from the specific behavioral objectives and 2-tailed paired t tests for the interval data from the knowledge tests. The magnitude of change was quantified using r for Wilcoxon tests and Cohen dz for 2-tailed t tests, with 95% CI calculated to ensure the stability and reliability of the observed results.
Results: Analysis of the primary outcome specific behavioral objectives revealed statistically significant effects across all items (Wilcoxon signed-rank test; P<.001). Effect sizes (r=0.505‐0.835) ranged from moderate to large, with particularly large effects observed in identifying contents issue (r=0.835, 95% CI 0.126-0.330; P<.001). Knowledge test scores showed significant improvement in the following 3 subjects: pharmacology (r=−0.504, 95% CI –0.215 to 0.127; P<.001), organic chemistry (r=0.254, 95% CI –0.148 to –0.193; P=.004), and communication (r=0.221, 95% CI –0.151 to –0.190; P=.01). No significant changes were observed in pathology or pharmacokinetics.
Conclusions: This program provides strong evidence that practical, hands-on learning with hospital pharmacists helps improve pharmacy students’ professional skills and optimize pharmaceutical therapies in interprofessional care. By teaching pharmacists to effectively propose prescription changes, the program equips them to become integral members of interprofessional care, ultimately leading to optimized pharmaceutical care for patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AizawaFuka en-aut-sei=Aizawa en-aut-mei=Fuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YagiKenta en-aut-sei=Yagi en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashionnaTsukasa en-aut-sei=Higashionna en-aut-mei=Tsukasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamanoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Hamano en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiShimon en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Shimon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinomiyaKazuaki en-aut-sei=Shinomiya en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiimuraTakahiro en-aut-sei=Niimura en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaKei en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizawaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Ishizawa en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Clinical Research Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Care and Clinical Pharmacy, Tokushima Bunri University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Clinical Research Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Clinical Research Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=academic detailing kn-keyword=academic detailing en-keyword=pharmaceutical clinical practice kn-keyword=pharmaceutical clinical practice en-keyword=prescription support kn-keyword=prescription support en-keyword=professional education kn-keyword=professional education en-keyword=Interprofessional care kn-keyword=Interprofessional care END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=411 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=22 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251127 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The impact of liver transection depth on surgical difficulty in robotic versus laparoscopic limited liver resection (TAKUMI-5) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose Although robotic liver resection (RLR) has gained popularity worldwide, limited liver resection remains the mainstay of RLR. This study aimed to investigate the effect of parameters, including liver transection depth (LTD), on surgical difficulty in limited RLR compared with limited laparoscopic liver resection (LLR).
Methods This retrospective study included 105 patients who underwent limited RLR (n = 56) or LLR (n = 49) at our institution between January 2018 and December 2024. After comparing outcomes of RLR and LLR, multivariate analyses were performed to examine effect of LTD on surgical difficulty (defined as prolonged operative time). Moreover, outcomes stratified by LTD cut-off values were compared between the groups.
Results Median LTD was similar between groups (RLR vs. LLR: 2.6 vs. 2.6 cm, P = 0.77). LTD was significantly correlated with operative time for both procedures (RLR, R² = 0.07, P = 0.042; LLR, R² = 0.08, P = 0.046). Multivariate analyses demonstrated that LLR (odds ratio, 6.9; P < 0.001) and LTD (odds ratio, 2.0; P = 0.004) were significant risk factors of surgical difficulty. Among patients with deeper LTD (> 2.5 cm), the RLR group had significantly shorter operative time (145 vs. 231 min, P < 0.001), less blood loss (nil vs. 100 mL, P = 0.006), and a higher rate of textbook outcomes (76.7% vs. 42.3%, P = 0.01).
Conclusion This study investigated impact of LTD on surgical outcomes in patients who underwent limited RLR compared to those who underwent limited LLR. LTD may be a useful parameter for estimating surgical difficulty in limited RLR. Moreover, robotic surgery may be favorable for deeper and limited liver resections. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiTomokazu en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Tomokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKazuya en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoAtene en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Atene kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaTakeyoshi en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Takeyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaiYasuo en-aut-sei=Nagai en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaShohei en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=Robotic surgery kn-keyword=Robotic surgery en-keyword=Laparoscopic surgery kn-keyword=Laparoscopic surgery en-keyword=Limited liver resection kn-keyword=Limited liver resection en-keyword=Textbook outcome kn-keyword=Textbook outcome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=e70269 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202510 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=D3 lymph node dissection in colon cancer patients aged 90 years and over: Is it justified? A multi‐institutional retrospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aim: The oncological benefit of D3 lymph node dissection (D3 LND) for colon cancer in patients aged ≥90 years remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of D3 LND on outcomes in this specific, vulnerable population.
Method: This retrospective cohort study evaluated 166 patients aged ≥90 years with pathological Stages II–III colon cancer undergoing non-D3 or D3 LND from a multicentre database (2011–2022). Postoperative complications, overall survival and cancer-specific survival were compared between LND groups using propensity score-weighted analyses.
Results: D3 LND group had significantly more females and laparoscopic procedures. Operation time was longer, and blood loss was lower in the D3 LND group. Postoperative complications and severe complications were significantly fewer, and postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the D3 LND group. The number of harvested lymph nodes and distal margin was significantly higher in the D3 group. While unadjusted analysis showed better overall survival with D3 LND (p < 0.001), adjusted cancer-specific survival showed no significant difference (p = 0.10). Adjusted mortality risk was significantly higher in the non-D3 group (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: In nonagenarian colon cancer patients, D3 LND is safe and feasible without increasing complications, but lacks survival benefit. Careful consideration is warranted, and high-quality D2 LND must be consistently ensured when limited surgery is chosen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TeraishiFuminori en-aut-sei=Teraishi en-aut-mei=Fuminori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakanagaSatoe en-aut-sei=Takanaga en-aut-mei=Satoe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InadaRyo en-aut-sei=Inada en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToshimaToshiaki en-aut-sei=Toshima en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaniTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Ohtani en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyosuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShojiRyohei en-aut-sei=Shoji en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=Setouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration study group collaborators en-aut-sei=Setouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration study group collaborators en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kagawa Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Saiseikai Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=colon cancer kn-keyword=colon cancer en-keyword=lymph node dissection kn-keyword=lymph node dissection en-keyword=nonagenarian kn-keyword=nonagenarian en-keyword=postoperative complication kn-keyword=postoperative complication en-keyword=survival benefit kn-keyword=survival benefit END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e85768 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250611 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Severe Anemia Caused by a Colorectal Lipoma With Central Erosions: A Case Report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Colorectal lipomas are benign tumors that are often asymptomatic and discovered incidentally. In most cases, they can be managed conservatively with observation. We report the case of a man in his 70s with a colorectal lipoma located in the cecum. An investigation into his severe anemia led to the suspicion that the cecal lipoma was the underlying cause. An ileocecal resection was performed. Erosions were observed at the center of the lipoma. Although small colorectal lipomas are generally asymptomatic and rarely cause anemia, periodic endoscopic examinations are recommended. These lesions should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaYusuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShojiRyohei en-aut-sei=Shoji en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumiYuki en-aut-sei=Matsumi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeKo en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=anemia kn-keyword=anemia en-keyword=bleeding lipoma kn-keyword=bleeding lipoma en-keyword=colorectal lipoma kn-keyword=colorectal lipoma en-keyword=laparoscopic surgery kn-keyword=laparoscopic surgery en-keyword=mucosal erosion kn-keyword=mucosal erosion END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=411 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251127 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Surgical outcomes and patient selection in nonagenarians with colon cancer: a comparative multi-institutional study of laparoscopic and open approaches en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose The appropriate surgical approach for colon cancer (CC) in nonagenarian patients remains a subject of clinical debate. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of laparoscopic (Lap) versus open (Open) surgery in patients aged ≥ 90 years with resectable colon cancer.
Methods This multi-institutional retrospective cohort study included oldest-old patientswith pathological Stage II/III CC who underwent elective surgery at 15 hospitals between 2011 and 2022. Patients with rectal cancer, Stage 0/I/IV disease, or emergency surgery were excluded. To address selection bias, inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW) were applied. The primary outcome was postoperative complications; secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS).
Results Median age was 92 years in both groups. Before adjustment, the Lap group had a higher proportion of female patients (p = 0.038) and lower ASA scores (p = 0.01). Laparoscopic surgery was associated with a significantly longer operative time (220 vs. 171 min, p = 0.046) but less intraoperative blood loss (10 vs. 78 mL, p < 0.01). Postoperative complication rates were comparable (Lap: 31.8%, Open: 33.8%), while the Lap group had a significantly shorter hospital stay (13 vs. 17 days, p < 0.01). D3 lymph node dissection was more frequently performed in the Lap group (p < 0.01). After sIPTW, overall survival did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.61).
Conclusion Both laparoscopic and open surgery are feasible options for selected nonagenarians with colon cancer. Laparoscopic surgery may offer benefits in terms of reduced blood loss and shorter hospitalization, despite longer operative times. Careful patient selection considering frailty and comorbidities is essential in determining the most appropriate surgical approach. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShojiRyohei en-aut-sei=Shoji en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeraishiFuminori en-aut-sei=Teraishi en-aut-mei=Fuminori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakanagaSatoe en-aut-sei=Takanaga en-aut-mei=Satoe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=InadaRyo en-aut-sei=Inada en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToshimaToshiaki en-aut-sei=Toshima en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaniTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Ohtani en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyosuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriNaoto en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Naoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigemitsuKaoru en-aut-sei=Shigemitsu en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoSumiharu en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Sumiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaTetsushi en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Tetsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkanoYuka en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=NobuhisaTetsuji en-aut-sei=Nobuhisa en-aut-mei=Tetsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiFumitaka en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Fumitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaWataru en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaTatsuo en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmeokaTatsuo en-aut-sei=Umeoka en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=Setouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration study group collaborators en-aut-sei=Setouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration study group collaborators en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kagawa Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Saiseikai Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tottori Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kobe Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Onomichi City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Himeji Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=Oldest-old patients kn-keyword=Oldest-old patients en-keyword=Colon cancer kn-keyword=Colon cancer en-keyword=Laparoscopic surgery kn-keyword=Laparoscopic surgery en-keyword=Surgical outcome kn-keyword=Surgical outcome en-keyword=Overall survival kn-keyword=Overall survival END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Early C-reactive protein as a predictive biomarker for postoperative complications following robot-assisted surgery for rectal cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the predictive value of early postoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) levels for complications following robot-assisted rectal surgery (RARS) for rectal cancer. We analyzed data from 117 consecutive patients who underwent elective RARS at Okayama University Hospital between September 2020 and January 2025. Serum CRP levels were routinely measured preoperatively and on postoperative days (POD) 1 and 4. The primary outcome was the occurrence of any postoperative complication within 30 days, classified according to the Clavien–Dindo grading system. Postoperative complications were observed in 26 patients, representing 22.2% of the cohort. Univariate analysis revealed that several factors were significantly associated with complications, including older age, higher ASA score, neoadjuvant therapy, stoma creation, prolonged operative time, and elevated CRP levels on POD1 and POD4. Notably, multivariate logistic regression analysis identified POD1 CRP as a robust independent predictor of overall postoperative complications (adjusted odds ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.63–0.93], p < 0.01). In the ROC analysis, the AUC was 0.735 (bootstrap bias-corrected 95% CI 0.544–0.848). The optimal cutoff value of POD1 CRP was 5.63 mg/dl, at which Youden’s index, yielding a sensitivity of 0.615 and specificity of 0.868. In conclusion, early postoperative measurement of CRP on POD1 serves as a valuable and independent biomarker for predicting complications following RARS for rectal cancer. Incorporating POD1 CRP into postoperative surveillance may facilitate the early identification of high-risk patients, thereby facilitating timely interventions and ultimately improving surgical outcomes in this patient population. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TeraishiFuminori en-aut-sei=Teraishi en-aut-mei=Fuminori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiRyusei en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Ryusei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiHiroki en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UtsumiMasashi en-aut-sei=Utsumi en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyasoHideaki en-aut-sei=Miyaso en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShojiRyohei en-aut-sei=Shoji en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiMasaru en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Masaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Robot-assisted surgery kn-keyword=Robot-assisted surgery en-keyword=Rectal cancer kn-keyword=Rectal cancer en-keyword=Postoperative complication kn-keyword=Postoperative complication en-keyword=C-reactive protein kn-keyword=C-reactive protein END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=329 end-page=336 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prevalence and Modifiable Risk Factors of Dementia in People With Down Syndrome: Cross‐Sectional Study of Japan in Collaboration With the Intellectual Diversity for Goodness Research Consortium (INDIGO‐2019) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: People with Down syndrome (DS) have a strong genetic predisposition to Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the clinical burden and associated risk factors in diverse, non-Western populations remain less understood. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dementia in Japanese adults with DS and to identify modifiable clinical factors associated with dementia.
Methods: This cross-sectional multicentre study surveyed 133 adults with DS (mean age 50.1 years) residing in 45 welfare facilities across Japan in 2019. Dementia was diagnosed by a consensus panel of physicians using established criteria (DSM-5, ICD-10, DC-LD) after comprehensive assessments, including the Japanese version of the Dementia Screening Questionnaire for Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities (DSQIID-J). Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors independently associated with dementia.
Results: Forty-six participants (34.6%) were diagnosed with dementia. The prevalence rose sharply with age: 0% in their 30s, 30.8% in their 40s, 31.6% in their 50s and 65.5% in their 60s. After adjusting for covariates, older age, female sex, dyslipidaemia and visual impairment were independently associated with dementia.
Conclusions: This study, the largest of its kind in Asia, confirms a high prevalence of dementia in institutionalized Japanese adults with DS. Crucially, this study is the first to identify dyslipidaemia and visual impairment as independent and potentially modifiable risk factors in this population. These findings highlight tangible targets for clinical interventions aimed at mitigating dementia risk in people with DS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakenoshitaShintaro en-aut-sei=Takenoshita en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeradaSeishi en-aut-sei=Terada en-aut-mei=Seishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueTomokazu en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Tomokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurozumiTaku en-aut-sei=Kurozumi en-aut-mei=Taku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakakiManabu en-aut-sei=Takaki en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwanoRyozo en-aut-sei=Kuwano en-aut-mei=Ryozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuemitsuShigeru en-aut-sei=Suemitsu en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Asahigawaso Research Institute, Social Welfare Corporation Asahigawaso kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Asahigawaso Research Institute, Social Welfare Corporation Asahigawaso kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Asahigawaso Research Institute, Social Welfare Corporation Asahigawaso kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Asahigawaso Research Institute, Social Welfare Corporation Asahigawaso kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=908 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prognostic value of right atrial strain in patients with chronic heart failure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aims Right ventricular dysfunction is a well-established prognostic marker in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the prognostic significance of right atrial (RA) function remains unclear. Given its sensitivity to systemic congestion, RA function may provide additional insights into HF disease progression and management. This study aimed to investigate whether RA reservoir function serves as an independent prognostic indicator in patients with chronic HF.
Methods A total of 613 patients with chronic HF and a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction of less than 50% who underwent echocardiographic assessment at Okayama University Hospital between January 2018 and March 2023 were included (median age: 68 (58–76) years; 69% male). RA reservoir function was quantified using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. The primary endpoint was cardiovascular death or HF-related hospitalization. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to examine the association between RA reservoir function and clinical outcomes.
Results During a median follow-up period of 41 months (range: 12–91 months), 119 patients experienced cardiac events. Compared with event-free patients, those with cardiac events exhibited a significantly larger RA maximum volume index (38 mL/m2 vs. 31 mL/m2, P < 0.001) and a significantly lower RA reservoir longitudinal strain (RASr) (17% vs. 22%, P < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with RASr ≤ 20% had significantly poorer event-free survival than those with RASr > 20%, even without RA volume enlargement (log-rank test, P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified RASr as an independent predictor of cardiac events (hazard ratio: 0.95, 95% confidence interval: 0.93 to 0.97, P < 0.001).
Conclusions In patients who experienced adverse cardiac events, a reduced RASr and an increased RA maximum volume were observed. Furthermore, a reduced RASr was independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death and HF-related hospitalization in patients with chronic HF and LV dysfunction. These findings indicate that RASr may serve as a valuable prognostic marker for the risk stratification and management of chronic HF. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakayamaRie en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakayaYoichi en-aut-sei=Takaya en-aut-mei=Yoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaMitsutaka en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Mitsutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiharaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Nishihara en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TohNorihisa en-aut-sei=Toh en-aut-mei=Norihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToruMiyoshi en-aut-sei=Toru en-aut-mei=Miyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraKazufumi en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Kazufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=Right atrial function kn-keyword=Right atrial function en-keyword=Right atrial strain kn-keyword=Right atrial strain en-keyword=Chronic heart failure kn-keyword=Chronic heart failure en-keyword=Echocardiography kn-keyword=Echocardiography END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=50 article-no= start-page=e06926 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Collagen Signaling via DDR1 Exacerbates Barriers to Macromolecular Drug Delivery in a 3D Model of Pancreatic Cancer Fibrosis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fibrosis is a significant barrier to drug delivery in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and contributes to its dismal prognosis. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) drive fibrosis by excessively secreting extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen I. Collagen I is thought to physically obstruct the delivery of macromolecules, such as albumin, antibodies, and nanomedicines. Apart from its structural role, collagen signals through dedicated cell surface receptors, such as the discoidin domain receptors (DDR) 1/2. However, whether and how collagen signaling contributes to fibrotic barrier generation remains uncharacterized. Here, a 3D culture model of PDAC fibrosis constructed from patient PSCs is used to assess the contribution of DDR1/2-mediated collagen signaling. DDR1/2 inhibition diminishes collagen I expression in PSCs to enhance macromolecular delivery. Moreover, MEK inhibitors exacerbate the fibrotic barrier by up-regulating collagen I, an effect reversed by inhibiting DDR1/2. Through isoform-specific targeting, inhibiting DDR1, but not DDR2, is shown to be effective. Downstream of DDR, the involvement of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is demonstrated, particularly alternative mTOR complexes involving MEAK7 and GIT1. Altogether, the results show in vitro that DDR1-mediated collagen signaling exacerbates the fibrotic barrier and may be targeted to enhance macromolecular drug delivery in PDAC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhiraMayu en-aut-sei=Ohira en-aut-mei=Mayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraMoe en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Moe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasakiHiroyo en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Hiroyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ohta‐OkanoHaruko en-aut-sei=Ohta‐Okano en-aut-mei=Haruko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiiHiyori en-aut-sei=Tsujii en-aut-mei=Hiyori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraReika en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Reika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakazawaTakuya en-aut-sei=Nakazawa en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiguchiAkihiro en-aut-sei=Nishiguchi en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasaya en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsadaKensuke en-aut-sei=Osada en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=CabralHoracio en-aut-sei=Cabral en-aut-mei=Horacio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasamuneAtsushi en-aut-sei=Masamune en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoMitsunobu R. en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Mitsunobu R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHiroyoshi Y. en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Biomaterials Field, Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST) kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=collagen kn-keyword=collagen en-keyword=fibrosis kn-keyword=fibrosis en-keyword=nanomedicine kn-keyword=nanomedicine en-keyword=pancreatic cancer kn-keyword=pancreatic cancer en-keyword=pancreatic stellate cell kn-keyword=pancreatic stellate cell END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1003 end-page=1015 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251222 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Claudin-18 expression in gastric type adenocarcinoma and HPV-associated adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aims: Claudin-18 (CLDN18) is both a marker for the gastric phenotype and a therapeutic target. However, little is known about its immunoexpression in endocervical adenocarcinomas (ECAs), particularly as detected using the clone 43-14A antibody, or about the gene expression of its isoforms in ECAs.
Methods and results: We examined CLDN18, HIK1083, p16 and Rb expression by immunohistochemistry and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) mRNA by in situ hybridization (ISH) in 121 ECAs, including 35 HPV-independent adenocarcinomas (gastric type [GAS], n = 24; non-GAS, n = 11) and 86 HPV-associated ECAs. We also analysed mRNA expression of the CLDN18.1 (lung type) and CLDN18.2 (gastric type) isoforms by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in selected cases. CLDN18 positivity was detected in 8/24 (33%) GASs, 0/11 (0%) non-GASs and 2/86 (2%) HPV-associated ECAs, with positivity defined as staining in ≥75% of tumour cells, as in gastric cancer. When a 5% cut-off was used, CLDN18 positivity was detected in 22/24 (92%) GASs, 0/11 (0%) non-GASs and 6/86 (7%) HPV-associated ECAs; CLDN18 expression was thus significantly associated with GAS histology (P < 0.0001). Among the 6 cases of HPV-associated ECAs with CLDN18 expression (ranging from 5% to 80%), the histological patterns included a mix of usual and mucinous features in 4 cases, pure usual type in 1 and villoglandular variant in 1. Otherwise features such as p16 overexpression and the Rb partial loss pattern were consistent with those of HPV-associated ECAs. Six of 22 (27%) CLDN18-positive GASs were also positive for p16, but their other features—such as CLDN18 expression and the Rb preserved pattern—were the same as in p16 negative GASs. Expression of CLDN18.2 mRNA but not CLDN18.1 mRNA was confirmed in both GASs and HPV-associated ECAs.
Conclusions: CLDN18 (43-14A) emerged as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic marker for GAS. A minor subset of HPV-associated ECAs also can be immunoreactive for CLDN18 and express CLDN18.2 mRNA, suggesting divergent gastric phenotypic differentiation. The caution is that GAS and HPV-associated ECAs can share overlapping histological features and similar expression of CLDN18 and p16. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasutakeNobuko en-aut-sei=Yasutake en-aut-mei=Nobuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokawaYuki en-aut-sei=Yokawa en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakehiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MishimaRiri en-aut-sei=Mishima en-aut-mei=Riri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomamizuMisato en-aut-sei=Komamizu en-aut-mei=Misato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KugaRyosuke en-aut-sei=Kuga en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=JiromaruRina en-aut-sei=Jiromaru en-aut-mei=Rina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawatokoShinichiro en-aut-sei=Kawatoko en-aut-mei=Shinichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SonodaKenzo en-aut-sei=Sonoda en-aut-mei=Kenzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YahataHideaki en-aut-sei=Yahata en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKiyoko en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaYoshinao en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Yoshinao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHidetaka en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry & Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry & Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry & Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gynecology, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Anatomic Pathology, Pathological Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry & Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=claudin-18 kn-keyword=claudin-18 en-keyword=endocervical adenocarcinoma kn-keyword=endocervical adenocarcinoma en-keyword=gastric type kn-keyword=gastric type en-keyword=human papillomavirus kn-keyword=human papillomavirus en-keyword=p16 kn-keyword=p16 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=16 article-no= start-page=9663 end-page=9677 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251011 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of sulfation for cellulose pulp to change its fiber morphology and appearance to transparent in water en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Cellulose pulp (CP) is composed mainly of cellulose which is one of the most useful and sustainable natural polymers. Cellulose-based materials, such as completely dispersed nanofibers and water-soluble cellulose, are transparent in water. Additionally, chemical modification of CP has been employed as a pretreatment for the preparation of nanofibers and to impart absorption properties derived from anionic functional groups. However, little is known about chemically modified CPs comprising micron-scale fibers that are transparent in water.In this study, we synthesized transparent sulfated cellulose pulp (TSCP) that exhibits good dispersion stability, high transparency in water, and highly swollen fiber structures. The sulfation method involved heating sulfamic acid and urea supported on CP. TSCP synthesized using a sulfamic acid amount relative to CP (Q) of 18.5, a molar ratio of urea to sulfamic acid (R) of 0.80, and a reaction temperature of 140 °C exhibited the highest total light transmittance (94.7%) in water, a degree of polymerization (535), and amount of sulfate groups (1.73 mmol/g). Polarization microscopy confirmed that most TSCP fibers swelled in water along the fiber width direction. The structure of hydrous-state TSCP was further confirmed using low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy. The maximum fiber width of the swollen TSCP reached 122 μm, which was approximately six times than that of CP. The crystallinity was equivalent to that of the original CP with a Cellulose I-type crystalline structure. This transparent, hydrous-state TSCP, comprising predominantly swollen CP fibers, demonstrates potential for applications as a transparent material. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraAyato en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Ayato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Cellulose pulp kn-keyword=Cellulose pulp en-keyword=Sulfation kn-keyword=Sulfation en-keyword=Transparent kn-keyword=Transparent en-keyword=Swollen fiber structure kn-keyword=Swollen fiber structure en-keyword=Microscopy kn-keyword=Microscopy en-keyword=Refractive index kn-keyword=Refractive index END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=146 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250719 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Safety and feasibility of D3 lymph node dissection in oldest-old patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery: a multi-institutional, retrospective analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant health burden, with lymph node dissection (LND) playing a critical role in staging and guiding treatment. However, the optimal extent of LND for the oldest-old population (aged ≥ 90 years) remains undefined because of insufficient targeted clinical data. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of D3 versus non-D3 LND in Stage II–III CRC in oldest-old patients.
Methods This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Setouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration database, including 282 oldest-old patients with CRC treated between 2011 and 2022. Patients were stratified into D3 and non-D3 LND groups, with inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment implemented to address potential confounding factors. Postoperative complications and hospital stays were analyzed using regression models and descriptive statistics.
Results D3 LND resulted in significantly higher lymph node harvests in both Stage II and Stage III patients (p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in overall or major postoperative complications between D3 and non-D3 groups. Hospital stays were comparable for Stage II patients but shorter for Stage III patients in the D3 group (p < 0.01). Complication rates ranged from 28% to 47.7%, with surgical site infections and pneumonia being the most common.
Conclusions D3 LND can be safely performed in oldest-old patients with CRC without increasing postoperative complications or extending hospital stays. These findings support the feasibility of extensive LND in this age gr en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InadaR. en-aut-sei=Inada en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeraishiF. en-aut-sei=Teraishi en-aut-mei=F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiT. en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakanagaS. en-aut-sei=Takanaga en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToshimaT. en-aut-sei=Toshima en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaniT. en-aut-sei=Ohtani en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaR. en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriN. en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigemitsuK. en-aut-sei=Shigemitsu en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoS. en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaT. en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkanoY. en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NobuhisaT. en-aut-sei=Nobuhisa en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiF. en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaW. en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=W. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShojiR. en-aut-sei=Shoji en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaT. en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmeokaT. en-aut-sei=Umeoka en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraT. en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=Setouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration Study Group Collaborators en-aut-sei=Setouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration Study Group Collaborators en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kagawa Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Saiseikai Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tottori Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kobe Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Onomichi City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Himeji Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=Lymph node dissection kn-keyword=Lymph node dissection en-keyword=Colorectal cancer kn-keyword=Colorectal cancer en-keyword=Oldest-old patients kn-keyword=Oldest-old patients en-keyword=Postoperative complication kn-keyword=Postoperative complication END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1716939 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251127 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural analysis of PSI-ACPI and PSII-ACPII supercomplexes from a cryptophyte alga Rhodomonas sp. NIES-2332 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Light energy is converted to chemical energy by two photosystems (PSI and PSII) in complex with their light-harvesting complex proteins (LHCI and LHCII) in photosynthesis. Rhodomonas is a member of cryptophyte alga whose LHCs contain unique chlorophyll a/c proteins (ACPs) and phycobiliproteins. We purified PSI-ACPI and PSII-ACPII supercomplexes from a cryptophyte Rhodomonas sp. NIES-2332 and analyzed their structures at high resolutions of 2.08 Å and 2.17 Å, respectively, using cryo-electron microscopy. These structures are largely similar to those reported previously from two other species of cryptophytes, but exhibited some differences in both the pigment locations and subunit structures. A part of the antenna subunits of both photosystems is shifted compared with the previously reported structures from other species of cryptophytes, suggesting some differences in the energy transfer rates from the antenna to the PSI and PSII cores. Newly identified lipids are found to occupy the interfaces between the antennae and cores, which may be important for assembly and stabilization of the supercomplexes. Water molecules surrounding three iron-sulfur clusters of the PSI core are found in our high-resolution structure, some of which are conserved from cyanobacteria to higher plants but some are different. In addition, our structure of PSII-ACPII lacks the subunits of oxygen-evolving complex as well as the Mn4CaO5 cluster, suggesting that the cells are in the S-growth phase, yet the PSI-ACPI structure showed the binding of PsaQ, suggesting that it is in an L-phase. These results suggest that the S-phase and L-phase can co-exist in the cryptophytic cells. The high-resolution structures of both PSI-ACPIs and PSII-ACPIIs solved in this study provide a more solid structural basis for elucidating the energy transfer and quenching mechanisms in this group of the organisms. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhangWenyue en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Wenyue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoneharaNozomi en-aut-sei=Yonehara en-aut-mei=Nozomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiMizuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Mizuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=JiangHaowei en-aut-sei=Jiang en-aut-mei=Haowei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=La RoccaRomain en-aut-sei=La Rocca en-aut-mei=Romain kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsaiPi-Cheng en-aut-sei=Tsai en-aut-mei=Pi-Cheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiHongjie en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Hongjie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKoji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkitaFusamichi en-aut-sei=Akita en-aut-mei=Fusamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren en-aut-sei=Shen en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=cryptophytes kn-keyword=cryptophytes en-keyword=Rhodomonas kn-keyword=Rhodomonas en-keyword=photosystem I kn-keyword=photosystem I en-keyword=photosystem II kn-keyword=photosystem II en-keyword=light-harvesting complex kn-keyword=light-harvesting complex en-keyword=photosynthesis kn-keyword=photosynthesis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=103078 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202502 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone combined with high-dose methotrexate plus intrathecal chemotherapy for newly diagnosed intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (PRIMEUR-IVL): long-term results of a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare type of extranodal large B-cell lymphoma for which prognosis is typically poor without a timely diagnosis. To explore the safety and efficacy of standard chemotherapy combined with central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapy, we conducted a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial in untreated IVLBCL patients without CNS involvement at diagnosis (PRIMEUR-IVL). In the primary analysis, the PRIMEUR-IVL study demonstrated 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 76% and 2-year overall survival (OS) of 92% with a low incidence (3%) of secondary CNS involvement (sCNSi).
Methods We present a prespecified final analysis of the PRIMEUR-IVL study including 5-year PFS, OS and cumulative incidence of sCNSi. Participants were enrolled between June 2011 and July 2016, and the data cutoff date for the final analysis was 16 November 2021. The trial was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000005707) and the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs041180165).
Findings With a median follow-up of 7.1 years (interquartile range 5.6–8.7), 5-year PFS in all 37 eligible patients was 68% (95% confidence interval [CI] 50%–80%) and OS was 78% (95% CI 61%–89%). No additional sCNSi was observed after the primary analysis. Severe adverse events after the primary analysis were grade 4 neutropenia (n = 1) and grade 4 myelodysplastic syndrome that did not require specific treatment (n = 1). Eight deaths occurred during the observation period after enrolment, due to primary disease (n = 6), sepsis (n = 1) and unknown sudden death (n = 1).
Interpretation Long-term follow-up data demonstrated durable response for PFS and OS, and low cumulative incidence of sCNSi, indicating the efficacy of standard chemotherapy combined with CNS-directed therapy for untreated IVLBCL patients.
Funding This study received financial support from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Center for Supporting Hematology-Oncology Studies, and National Cancer Center. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimadaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiMotoko en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Motoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwatsukaYachiyo en-aut-sei=Kuwatsuka en-aut-mei=Yachiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsueKosei en-aut-sei=Matsue en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoKeijiro en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Keijiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KusumotoShigeru en-aut-sei=Kusumoto en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Nagai en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakizawaJun en-aut-sei=Takizawa en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuharaNoriko en-aut-sei=Fukuhara en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagafujiKoji en-aut-sei=Nagafuji en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiKana en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukaEiichi en-aut-sei=Ohtsuka en-aut-mei=Eiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoAkinao en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Akinao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugitaYasumasa en-aut-sei=Sugita en-aut-mei=Yasumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaToshiki en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Toshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KayukawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Kayukawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakeAtsushi en-aut-sei=Wake en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnnishiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ennishi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoYukio en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=MeguroAkiko en-aut-sei=Meguro en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Kin en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinamiYosuke en-aut-sei=Minami en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoDaigo en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Daigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaSatoko en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Satoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasakiYasufumi en-aut-sei=Masaki en-aut-mei=Yasufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoMasataka en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsutaYoshiko en-aut-sei=Atsuta en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiyoiHitoshi en-aut-sei=Kiyoi en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiRitsuro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Ritsuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraShigeo en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematological Malignancies, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Hematology/Oncology, Internal Medicine, Kameda Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oita Prefectural Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oami Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Clinical Oncology, Nagoya Memorial Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Toranomon Hospital Kajigaya kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Tochigi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Daini Osaka Police Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Ichinomiya Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, Nagoya University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Department of HSCT Data Management and Biostatistics, Nagoya University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, Nagoya University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Aichi Cancer Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Central nervous system-directed therapy kn-keyword=Central nervous system-directed therapy en-keyword=Intravascular large B-Cell lymphoma kn-keyword=Intravascular large B-Cell lymphoma en-keyword=R-CHOP kn-keyword=R-CHOP en-keyword=Secondary central nervous system involvement kn-keyword=Secondary central nervous system involvement END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=107048 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202509 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A cross-sectional study of the gut microbiota associated with urinary and serum equol production status in a general population of Japanese men en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Equol is a metabolite produced by the gut microbiota from the soy isoflavone daidzein. Previous studies identified bacteria capable of converting daidzein to equol. We investigated whether equol producers among Japanese with a high soy intake contained these bacteria. We also examined differences in equol production status between urine and serum and how the gut microbiota differs between these statuses. To minimize the potential confounding effects of hormonal variability in women, this cross-sectional study analyzed 853 Japanese men. Urinary and serum isoflavones were collected in the morning after fasting and were analyzed using LC-MS/MS. By applying a finite mixture model for each log10 equol/daidzein ratio, we defined equol producers and non-producers from urine and serum. Among 669 participants with fecal microbial measurements, the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced on a MiSeq System. The cut-off values for the log10 equol/daidzein ratio were −0.94 for urine and −0.95 for serum. Equol production status in urine and serum matched in 97 %, and equol producers from urine or serum were 42 %. The microbiota was more diverse in producers than in non-producers; the genus Senegalimassilia included strains with high sequence identity (>98 %) to daidzein reductase. The family Oscillospiraceae and class Clostridia also had approximately 46 %–48 % sequence identity. The equol production status of fasting urine and serum almost matched among a general population of Japanese men. Although we did not detect a microbiota with known daidzein reductase in equol producers, several shared similar sequences; these may include equol-producing bacteria that have not yet been identified. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamiYukiko en-aut-sei=Okami en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArimaHisatomi en-aut-sei=Arima en-aut-mei=Hisatomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BambaShigeki en-aut-sei=Bamba en-aut-mei=Shigeki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NamaiFu en-aut-sei=Namai en-aut-mei=Fu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoKeiko en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IdenoYuki en-aut-sei=Ideno en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoejimaAyumi en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakawaHaruna en-aut-sei=Miyakawa en-aut-mei=Haruna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriiSayuki en-aut-sei=Torii en-aut-mei=Sayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SegawaHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Segawa en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiMizuki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Mizuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawashimaMegumi en-aut-sei=Kawashima en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisamatsuTakashi en-aut-sei=Hisamatsu en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadotaAya en-aut-sei=Kadota en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekikawaAkira en-aut-sei=Sekikawa en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiyoshiAkira en-aut-sei=Fujiyoshi en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SESSA Research Group en-aut-sei=SESSA Research Group en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Fundamental Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Nutraceuticals Research Institute, R&D Headquarters, Nutraceuticals Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Nutraceuticals Research Institute, R&D Headquarters, Nutraceuticals Division, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Wakayama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=Equol kn-keyword=Equol en-keyword=Soy kn-keyword=Soy en-keyword=Isoflavone kn-keyword=Isoflavone en-keyword=Gut microbiota kn-keyword=Gut microbiota en-keyword=Men kn-keyword=Men en-keyword=Producers kn-keyword=Producers END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1877 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Surgical Procedures for Rheumatoid Forefoot Deformities on Radiographic Foot Length and Width Variations en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: The number of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) undergoing forefoot arthroplasty has increased to better control the disease. Despite patients frequently expressing concerns regarding postoperative foot appearance and footwear-related expectations, no study has investigated postoperative changes in foot length and width in patients with RA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of surgical procedures for rheumatoid forefoot deformities on variations in radiologically determined foot length and width. Methods: In total, 72 feet of 50 women and 3 men (average age: 66.7 years) underwent joint-preserving arthroplasty (n = 33) and arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint with shortening osteotomy of the lesser metatarsals or resection arthroplasty of the lesser metatarsal heads (n = 39); procedures were carried out in our institute from August 2013 to February 2020. The mean disease duration was 23.5 years, and the average follow-up period was 17.5 months. Pre- and postoperative hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA) of the first and second metatarsals (M1M2A), and IMA of the first and fifth metatarsals (M1M5A) were measured on weightbearing radiographs as well as foot length and width. We also evaluated the correlation between changes in radiographic parameters and variations in radiologically determined foot length and width. Results: Radiologically determined foot width changed significantly from 10.1 cm to 9.7 cm (p < 0.01), while no significant difference was found between pre- and postoperative radiologically determined foot length. HVA, M1M2A, and M1M5A were significantly improved after the surgery (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively). A significant negative correlation was found between the variation in radiologically determined foot length and changes in HVA (r = −0.29, p = 0.02) and M1M5A (r = −0.23, p < 0.05), while a significant positive correlation was found between the variation in the foot width and changes in HVA (r = 0.34, p < 0.01), M1M2A (r = 0.55, p < 0.01), and M1M5A (r = 0.45, p < 0.01). There were no significant differences between operative procedures regarding variation in radiologically determined foot length and width. Conclusions: Surgical procedure for rheumatoid forefoot deformity improved radiographic parameters and reduced radiographic foot width while maintaining foot length. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HoritaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Horita en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KisoYohei en-aut-sei=Kiso en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaharaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaigaKenta en-aut-sei=Saiga en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurashiki Sweet Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Locomotive Pain Center, Faculty of Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=forefoot surgery kn-keyword=forefoot surgery en-keyword=foot length kn-keyword=foot length en-keyword=foot width kn-keyword=foot width en-keyword=rheumatoid arthritis kn-keyword=rheumatoid arthritis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=372 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Alpha-Ketoglutarate Drives an Osteogenic and Extracellular Matrix Gene Program in Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts via Selective Reduction of H3K27me3 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Periodontal disease damages the tissues that support teeth and can ultimately lead to tooth loss, yet effective treatments to regenerate these tissues are still limited. Recent studies have shown that substances produced during normal cellular metabolism can influence how genes are regulated, but their role in periodontal regeneration has not been fully clarified. In this study, we investigated whether alpha-ketoglutarate, a naturally occurring metabolite involved in energy production, could promote periodontal tissue regeneration. We found that alpha-ketoglutarate enhanced bone-related and extracellular matrix-related gene expression in human periodontal ligament cells by reducing a repressive gene-regulatory signal that normally suppresses these genes. Importantly, alpha-ketoglutarate did not broadly alter chromatin accessibility, indicating that its effects were mediated through selective gene regulation. Furthermore, oral administration of alpha-ketoglutarate promoted alveolar bone regeneration and collagen-rich tissue formation in a mouse model of periodontal disease. Because alpha-ketoglutarate is a naturally occurring molecule in the body, these findings suggest that metabolite-based regulation of gene activity may represent a promising and safe approach for periodontal tissue regeneration. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HasegawaRyu en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Ryu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Shigeki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FahrezaRahmad Rifqi en-aut-sei=Fahreza en-aut-mei=Rahmad Rifqi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsaiShin-Ho en-aut-sei=Tsai en-aut-mei=Shin-Ho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=DaidoujiYoshino en-aut-sei=Daidouji en-aut-mei=Yoshino kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmoriMasato en-aut-sei=Omori en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajikawaTetsuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajikawa en-aut-mei=Tetsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaSatoru en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Operative Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School, Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Operative Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School, Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= en-keyword=alpha-ketoglutarate kn-keyword=alpha-ketoglutarate en-keyword=periodontal ligament kn-keyword=periodontal ligament en-keyword=extracellular matrix kn-keyword=extracellular matrix en-keyword=epigenetic regulation kn-keyword=epigenetic regulation en-keyword=H3K27me3 kn-keyword=H3K27me3 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=275 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Study on the Development of an Image Classification System for Urban Sprawl Areas in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In Japan, unlike in many other countries, urbanization has progressed while original rural road structures have been retained, leading to distinctive urban sprawl areas with intermingling residential lots and farmland. Currently, much of Japan’s urban areas consist of urban sprawl areas, posing considerable challenges for infrastructure development. However, for such urban sprawl areas in Japan, it is difficult to say that methods have been established to identify their spatial distribution based on quantitative evaluation. Therefore, for this study, we used machine learning to investigate a system that extracts sprawling urban areas from aerial photographs divided into meshes. In the system’s design, we prioritized precision to ensure the reliable detection of urban sprawl areas. Consequently, the accuracy of identifying sprawl areas achieved precision of 0.81, recall of 0.63, and an F-score of 0.71. Examination of the classification results of sprawl areas revealed that most misclassifications occurred near class boundaries. By contrast, areas with particularly high levels of urban sprawl showed few misclassifications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HemmiRyota en-aut-sei=Hemmi en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UjiharaTakehito en-aut-sei=Ujihara en-aut-mei=Takehito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoRyosuke en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoSeiji en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure Transport and Tourism kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=image classification kn-keyword=image classification en-keyword=machine learning kn-keyword=machine learning en-keyword=sprawl kn-keyword=sprawl END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=102931 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from Humans: A prospective clinical pilot study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tick-borne diseases (TBDs), particularly Japanese spotted fever, are an increasing public health concern in Japan. Data on pathogens carried by ticks removed directly from patients and their associated clinical outcomes remain limited. This prospective study investigated pathogen carriage in patient-derived ticks and evaluated the clinical risk of TBDs. Between April and October 2025, ticks were collected from patients presenting with tick bites at two medical institutions in Western Japan. Ticks were morphologically identified and spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) was detected by nested PCR targeting the 17-kDa antigen gene, followed by sequence analysis. Clinical data, including patient background, antibiotic prescriptions, and outcomes, were reviewed. Clinical information was available for 70 patients (median age; 75 years), of whom 88.6% were prescribed prophylactic antibiotics. Ticks were collected from 60 patients (85.7%), and seven adults without antibiotic prophylaxis were followed for disease onset. Sixty-two ticks, predominantly Amblyomma testudinarium (88.7%), were analyzed. SFGR was detected in eight ticks (12.9%), including seven A. testudinarium and one Ixodes nipponensis, collected from seven patients. Two patients bitten by Rickettsia tamurae–carrying ticks were observed for one month without antibiotics and remained asymptomatic. In this prospective analysis, no clinically apparent rickettsiosis was observed following bites from R. tamurae–positive ticks without antibiotic prophylaxis; however, subclinical infection could not be excluded. Despite the small sample size, our findings suggest that the clinical risk associated with R. tamurae infection may be low. Direct analysis of removed ticks from patients may help characterize pathogen reservoirs and inform targeted approaches to TBDs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukushimaShinnosuke en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumidaTakaomi en-aut-sei=Sumida en-aut-mei=Takaomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamataOsamu en-aut-sei=Kawamata en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaniYoshimi en-aut-sei=Hidani en-aut-mei=Yoshimi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Numakuma Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Numakuma Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Numakuma Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Epidemiology kn-keyword=Epidemiology en-keyword=Japanese spotted fever kn-keyword=Japanese spotted fever en-keyword=Spotted fever group rickettsiae kn-keyword=Spotted fever group rickettsiae en-keyword=Tick bite kn-keyword=Tick bite en-keyword=Tick-borne disease kn-keyword=Tick-borne disease END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=112 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=2301 end-page=2310 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251010 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Total thymectomy is oncologically superior to partial thymectomy in patients with thymic carcinoma: insights from a multicenter real-world data analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Although total thymectomy has been the standard surgical approach for thymic epithelial tumors, an increasing number of recent reports suggest that partial thymectomy for early-stage thymomas may yield outcomes comparable to those of total thymectomy. However, whether partial thymectomy is a viable alternative for thymic carcinoma remains unclear.
Materials and methods: A total of 106 patients with thymic carcinoma underwent curative intended resection at 19 institutions between January 2010 and December 2021. Excluding 14 patients with incomplete resection, 92 patients with thymic carcinoma who underwent total (n = 73) or partial thymectomy (n = 19) were compared. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models. Overlap weighting was applied to adjust for potential confounding factors.
Results: Among patients with clinical stage I disease, 79.3% were upstaged to stage II or higher postoperatively. Unadjusted analyses revealed no statistically significant differences in OS and RFS between the total and partial thymectomy groups, although a trend toward poorer outcomes in the partial thymectomy group was observed. After overlap weighting, partial thymectomy was associated with significantly poorer OS (P = 0.0027) and higher recurrence risk (P < 0.0001). Early postoperative recurrence occurred more frequently in the partial thymectomy group.
Conclusion: Partial thymectomy was associated with significantly worse survival and recurrence outcomes in thymic carcinoma. Given the limitations of preoperative diagnosis, total thymectomy should remain the preferred surgical approach for undiagnosed thymic epithelial tumors to achieve optimal oncologic control and minimize the risk of recurrence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayashiTatsuya en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMikio en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mikio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHidetaka en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HabuTomohiro en-aut-sei=Habu en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzawaKen en-aut-sei=Suzawa en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHiromasa en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hiromasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaTomoaki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMototsugu en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Mototsugu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurosakiTakeshi en-aut-sei=Kurosaki en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaEiji en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaEisuke en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Eisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiTatsurou en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Tatsurou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiya en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayamaMakio en-aut-sei=Hayama en-aut-mei=Makio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Tao en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaneMasaomi en-aut-sei=Yamane en-aut-mei=Masaomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=InokawaHidetoshi en-aut-sei=Inokawa en-aut-mei=Hidetoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramiYuji en-aut-sei=Hirami en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=WashioKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Washio en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisaoTakahiko en-aut-sei=Misao en-aut-mei=Takahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaMotohiro en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Motohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoYoshifumi en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Yoshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakataMasao en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamataOsamu en-aut-sei=Kawamata en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center of Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Okayama University Thoracic Surgery Study Group (OUTSSG) kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=partial thymectomy kn-keyword=partial thymectomy en-keyword=real-world data analysis kn-keyword=real-world data analysis en-keyword=retrospective comparative cohort study kn-keyword=retrospective comparative cohort study en-keyword=thymic carcinoma kn-keyword=thymic carcinoma en-keyword=thymic epithelial tumors kn-keyword=thymic epithelial tumors en-keyword=total thymectomy kn-keyword=total thymectomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1673581 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260107 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Binding of IgA1 and surface-expressed collagen-binding protein of Streptococcus mutans contributes to IgA nephropathy pathogenesis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: The present study was conducted to examine the interaction between collagen-binding protein (Cnm) of Streptococcus mutans and immunoglobulin (IgA) to clarify the possible involvement in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) development.
Methods: The binding of Cnm to human immunoglobulins was examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A nephritis-induced rat model was employed to confirm the localization of Cnm.
Results: IgA1 showed significantly greater binding ability to Cnm than to other bacterial surface proteins, and Cnm showed significantly greater binding ability to IgA1 than to other immunoglobulins. In rats administered Cnm, IgA deposition was observed in the glomerular mesangial region. Furthermore, biotin-labeled Cnm was observed in the same region as IgA deposition in the Cnm group.
Conclusions: Taken together, it is considered that following invasion into the bloodstream, Cnm binds to and forms a complex with IgA1, leading to deposition of IgA1 in renal glomeruli. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuokaDaiki en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SueharaKana en-aut-sei=Suehara en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaShuhei en-aut-sei=Naka en-aut-mei=Shuhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisakiTaro en-aut-sei=Misaki en-aut-mei=Taro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagasawaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Nagasawa en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoSeigo en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Seigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuehiroYuto en-aut-sei=Suehiro en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NomuraRyota en-aut-sei=Nomura en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=Matsumoto-NakanoMichiyo en-aut-sei=Matsumoto-Nakano en-aut-mei=Michiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Nephrology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Japan Self-Defense Force Iruma Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, The University of Osaka kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, The University of Osaka kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=bacterial surface proteins kn-keyword=bacterial surface proteins en-keyword=collagen-binding protein kn-keyword=collagen-binding protein en-keyword=human immunoglobulins kn-keyword=human immunoglobulins en-keyword=IgA nephropathy kn-keyword=IgA nephropathy en-keyword=Streptococcus mutans kn-keyword=Streptococcus mutans END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=69 end-page=74 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effective Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Extensive Peritoneal Dissemination Using Lenvatinib en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and extensive peritoneal dissemination generally have a poor prognosis and are often resistant to systemic therapy. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman with HCC and massive peritoneal dissemination who presented with malignant ascites requiring repeated cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy and peritoneovenous shunt placement, as well as malignant pleural effusion requiring pleurodesis. Combined immunotherapy with durvalumab/tremelimumab was initiated;however, disease progression was observed after three treatment courses, prompting a switch to lenvatinib therapy. Two months after initiation of lenvatinib, CT imaging demonstrated complete disappearance of arterial enhancement in the primary hepatic lesion, along with reduction in the size of peritoneal dissemination nodules. Thirteen months after switching to lenvatinib (16 months after the initial diagnosis), the alpha-fetoprotein level continued to decrease, and the disease remained stable under treatment. Despite the extremely high tumor burden, lenvatinib achieved disease stabilization and symptomatic improvement. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WakatsukiShinya en-aut-sei=Wakatsuki en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoShinya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UenoAkiko en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NambaTakaomi en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Takaomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYorito en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yorito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoManabu en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataJun en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= en-keyword=diagnostic laparoscopy kn-keyword=diagnostic laparoscopy en-keyword=hepatocellular carcinoma kn-keyword=hepatocellular carcinoma en-keyword=peritoneal dissemination kn-keyword=peritoneal dissemination en-keyword=lenvatinib kn-keyword=lenvatinib END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=67 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Metastatic Intraocular Tumor Likely from Hepatocellular Carcinoma Mimicking Panuveitis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A 77-year-old man undergoing treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presented with blurred vision in his right eye, persisting for 2 months. Slit-lamp microscopy and fundus examination revealed inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber, severe vitreous opacities, and retinal vasculitis in the right eye. The patient underwent vitreous surgery with biopsy, and vitreous cytology confirmed a metastatic intraocular tumor originating from the HCC. Radiotherapy was administered to the right eye, with no recurrence of intraocular inflammation observed at 10 months post-irradiation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakasuEri en-aut-sei=Takasu en-aut-mei=Eri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiodeYusuke en-aut-sei=Shiode en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KindoHiroya en-aut-sei=Kindo en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraShuhei en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Shuhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaMio en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Mio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatobaRyo en-aut-sei=Matoba en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanzakiYuki en-aut-sei=Kanzaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaTetsuro en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Tetsuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=AdachiTakuya en-aut-sei=Adachi en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorizaneYuki en-aut-sei=Morizane en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=metastatic intraocular tumor kn-keyword=metastatic intraocular tumor en-keyword=hepatocellular carcinoma kn-keyword=hepatocellular carcinoma en-keyword=panuveitis kn-keyword=panuveitis en-keyword=uveitis masquerade syndrome kn-keyword=uveitis masquerade syndrome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Changes in Prescribing Patterns of Antiviral Drugs before and after Public Coverage Termination among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Regional Hospitals in Japan: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In Japan, antiviral agents for COVID-19 were freely available until September 2023 as part of national policy. This study evaluated changes in these agents’ prescribing patterns and the patient outcomes following the policy shift. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study at four hospitals in Japan’s Okayama and Kagawa prefectures from January 2022 to March 2024. The study period was divided into the public-expenditure phase (January 2022 to September 2023) and the post-expenditure phase (October 2023 to March 2024). We extracted the hospitalized patients’ clinical data from the electronic database. The study’s primary outcome was the antiviral prescription rate; the secondary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Among the 302 hospitalized patients (median age 85 years), 52.0% were classified as having a mild condition. Of the patients with mild conditions, 37.7% were diagnosed in outpatient settings prior to hospitalization. During the public-expenditure phase, 47.4% of the patients received antivirals as outpatients, mainly molnupiravir (80.9%). In the post-expenditure period, 80.0% of the patients were prescribed antivirals, mostly molnupiravir (91.7%). The antiviral prescription rate was significantly higher after the policy change. The overall in-hospital mortality was 15.8%, with no significant difference between the two periods (17.0% vs. 10.5%). Despite the termination of government funding, antiviral prescriptions remained frequent at community hospitals located in highly aging regions of western Japan such as Okayama and Kagawa prefectures. Mortality remains high among the elderly, highlighting the need for continued antiviral therapy and booster vaccinations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkazawaHidemasa en-aut-sei=Akazawa en-aut-mei=Hidemasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaShinnosuke en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoShohei en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, kn-affil= en-keyword=coronavirus disease 2019 kn-keyword=coronavirus disease 2019 en-keyword=public expenditure kn-keyword=public expenditure en-keyword=prescribing pattern kn-keyword=prescribing pattern en-keyword=prognosis kn-keyword=prognosis en-keyword=Japan kn-keyword=Japan END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Time Course of the Development and Loss of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol Tolerance: Effects on Hypothermia and Spontaneous Locomotor Activity in Mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Deregulation of cannabis use is gradually expanding in Europe and the United States. However, the biological processes driving tolerance to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the main psychoactive component of cannabis, remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the mechanisms and time course of tolerance development and loss to Δ9-THC in mice. Male ICR mice (7 weeks old) were administered Δ9-THC once daily for 3 days and then divided into three groups according to the washout period (3-, 10-, and 17-day washout groups). After each washout, changes in body temperature and locomotor activity were measured following re-exposure to Δ9-THC. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of CB1 and CB2 receptors in the brain were evaluated using real-time PCR. On day 1, significant hypothermia and reduced spontaneous locomotor activity were observed in the Δ9-THC-treated mice compared with the vehicle-treated mice. Tolerance to the hypothermic and locomotor-suppressing effects of Δ9-THC developed on days 2 and 3, respectively, and dissipated after 3 and 11 days of washout, respectively. These differences in the rates of tolerance development and recovery may reflect distinct underlying mechanisms. No significant changes in receptor mRNA expression were observed. These findings highlight the complexity of Δ9-THC tolerance and its potential implications for long-term cannabis use. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EguchiYukiomi en-aut-sei=Eguchi en-aut-mei=Yukiomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshioSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ushio en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IrieKeiichi en-aut-sei=Irie en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaYuta en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=EguchiMiyu en-aut-sei=Eguchi en-aut-mei=Miyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoTakafumi en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MishimaKenichi en-aut-sei=Mishima en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Disaster Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Disaster Medical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oncology and Infectious Disease Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= en-keyword=delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol kn-keyword=delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol en-keyword=cannabis kn-keyword=cannabis en-keyword=tolerance kn-keyword=tolerance en-keyword=locomotor kn-keyword=locomotor en-keyword=hypothermic kn-keyword=hypothermic END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Preoperative Anterior Pelvic Plane Angle Predicts Cup Anteversion Changes at 1 Year after Total Hip Arthroplasty en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigated global alignment changes following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and predictive alignment parameters for increased cup anteversion (CA) by retrospectively analyzing the primary THA data of 75 patients treated at our hospital (49 women, 26 men; age 65.1±5.7 years, BMI 28.3±3.4 kg/m2). Global alignment parameters, i.e., the anterior pelvic plane angle (APPa) and proximal femoral shaft angle (PFSa) and other alignment parameters were measured. CA was evaluated based on the patients’ standing coronal radiographs. ΔCA was defined as the difference in CA from 2 weeks before to 1 year after each THA. We classified the cases as stable (S) (CA < 10°; n=63) and pelvic retroversion (R) (CA ≥ 10°; n=12) groups. Associations between ΔCA and alignment parameters were evaluated by linear regression and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. A significant decrease in the PFSa occurred between the 2-week and 1-year post-THA timepoints (7.8±4.3° vs. 4.2±3.6°, p<0.001), with no notable change in other alignment parameters. At 1-year post-THA, the CA of 12 (16%) patients had increased to 4.5±4.4°. Only the preoperative APPa was positively associated with ΔCA (β=0.165, p=0.020). The ROC analysis revealed that the optimal cut-off value for increased CA in the APPa is 2.1° (area under the curve, 0.700; p=0.020; odds ratio, 4.80). The APPa change predicted increased CA, which emphasizes the importance of the use of preoperative standing radiography for identifying the optimal cup positioning for post-THA changes in CA. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshibashiKyota en-aut-sei=Ishibashi en-aut-mei=Kyota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OishiHirotaka en-aut-sei=Oishi en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiRyo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraKosuke en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Kosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiIsamu en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Isamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiEiji en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamadaHikaru en-aut-sei=Kamada en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogawaMasakazu en-aut-sei=Kogawa en-aut-mei=Masakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaSunao en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Sunao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NumasawaTakuya en-aut-sei=Numasawa en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshibashiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Ishibashi en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hachinohe City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=total hip arthroplasty kn-keyword=total hip arthroplasty en-keyword=global alignment kn-keyword=global alignment en-keyword=anterior pelvic plane kn-keyword=anterior pelvic plane en-keyword=cup anteversion kn-keyword=cup anteversion en-keyword=pelvic tilt kn-keyword=pelvic tilt END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of a Stroke Discharge Support Evaluation Scale for Ward Nurses in Acute Care Hospitals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study aimed to develop a scale enabling nurses to objectively evaluate their own stroke discharge support, as a basis for enhancing its overall effectiveness. A draft scale was created based on a literature review, and consisted of a 51-item, 5-point Likert-type questionnaire administered to ward nurses engaged in stroke discharge support at acute care hospitals. Factor analysis was performed to refine the scale. Construct validity was assessed using the known-groups method, and reliability was evaluated through internal consistency analysis. The resulting Stroke Discharge Support Evaluation Scale comprises 29 items across 5 factors, each rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Analysis of the data collected from 237 valid responses demonstrated good internal consistency and supported the scale’s construct validity. The Stroke Discharge Support Evaluation Scale is a reliable and valid tool enabling ward nurses in acute care hospitals to evaluate their own stroke discharge support. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YanoHideki en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahataYoko en-aut-sei=Takahata en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiTakeshi en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoShinya en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Health Sciences, Niimi University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Nursing, Shikoku University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=stroke kn-keyword=stroke en-keyword=discharge support kn-keyword=discharge support en-keyword=scale development kn-keyword=scale development END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Novel Nomogram that Predicts Chronic Hemodialysis Patients’ Survival Based on Their Sedentary Behavior en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Appropriate treatments for chronic hemodialysis patients are a public health challenge in Japan. Sedentary behavior appears to be closely associated with these patients’ survival. We thus sought to develop a nomogram that predicts survival based on the duration of chronic hemodialysis patients’ sedentary behavior. One hundred twenty-four patients under chronic hemodialysis (73 men, 51 women, age 71.7±11.1 years) were enrolled in this cohort study. The patients wore a triaxial accelerometer that measured both their sedentary behavior, i.e., total sedentary behavior (minutes) and their maximum sedentary bouts (min) on non-hemodialysis days. We obtained the Kaplan-Meier curve and used the log-rank test and a Cox proportional hazards model to evaluate the relationship between the patients’ sedentary behavior and their survival. We also used a Cox proportional hazards model to develop a nomogram for the patients’ 5-year survival rate. Forty-six patients died during the follow-up period. When we stratified the patients by the medians of total sedentary behavior and maximum sedentary bouts, we observed significant between-group differences. After adjustment for confounding factors in a Cox proportional hazards model, total sedentary behavior and maximum sedentary bouts were identified as critical survival factors, and we generated a nomogram using an index of sedentary behavior. Our analysis results demonstrated that sedentary behavior on non-dialysis days was closely associated with the survival of the chronic hemodialysis patients, suggesting that a decrease in sedentary behavior would prolong their survival. The nomogram developed herein based on sedentary behavior may be useful for predicting the outcomes of chronic hemodialysis patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugaharaKentaro en-aut-sei=Sugahara en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoTakashi en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyatakeNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Miyatake en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UjikeKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Ujike en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoumotoKiichi en-aut-sei=Koumoto en-aut-mei=Kiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NamioKeiichi en-aut-sei=Namio en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HishiiShuhei en-aut-sei=Hishii en-aut-mei=Shuhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaAkihiko en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiHiromi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYorimasa en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yorimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Innoshima General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Innoshima General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Innoshima General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Innoshima General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Faculty of Social Studies, Shikokugakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Innoshima General Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=nomogram kn-keyword=nomogram en-keyword=chronic hemodialysis kn-keyword=chronic hemodialysis en-keyword=sedentary behavior kn-keyword=sedentary behavior en-keyword=Cox proportional hazards model kn-keyword=Cox proportional hazards model en-keyword=Kaplan- Meier curve kn-keyword=Kaplan- Meier curve END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Usefulness of D-dimer Assay to Confirm the Course of Overt Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) in Cancer Patients en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication in patients with cancer. In this population, the presence of thrombi is often assessed at cancer diagnosis by measuring D-dimer levels, which have high sensitivity but low specificity for identifying VTE at this clinical time point. However, the usefulness of D-dimer measurement during anticoagulation therapy has not been fully established, despite its widespread use. In this retrospective observational study, we investigated whether D-dimer measurement during anticoagulation therapy in cancer patients could predict overt VTE at follow-up. The study included patients who underwent D-dimer testing and contrast-enhanced computed tomography between 30 and 100 days after initiation of anticoagulation therapy. Eighty-two patients were included: 60 with cancer and 22 without. The diagnostic performance of D-dimer for overt VTE was as follows: sensitivity, 85.7%; specificity, 87.2%; positive predictive value, 78.3%; and negative predictive value, 89.2%. These findings suggest that D-dimer measurement at follow-up has high sensitivity and specificity for overt VTE in cancer patients and may aid in assessing thrombotic status. Clinically, if anticoagulation therapy is continued until D-dimer levels become negative, the absence of overt VTE could be inferred without additional invasive testing. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaokaHidenaru en-aut-sei=Yamaoka en-aut-mei=Hidenaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaMasashi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SarashinaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Sarashina en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiToru en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunemasaMitsuru en-aut-sei=Munemasa en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraKazufumi en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Kazufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IMS Tokyo Katsushika General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Seisukai Kuroda Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Internal Medicine 3, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=D-dimer kn-keyword=D-dimer en-keyword=venous kn-keyword=venous en-keyword=thromboembolism kn-keyword=thromboembolism en-keyword=cancer kn-keyword=cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=1422 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Perioperative Ozoralizumab Management for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Who Underwent Orthopaedic Surgery: A Retrospective Case Series en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Launched in Japan in 2022, ozoralizumab (OZR) is a novel, anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitor for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that is refractory to conventional therapies. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding its perioperative management. Methods: This retrospective case series included nine patients with RA who underwent a total of 12 either RA-related (n = 9) or unrelated (n = 3) orthopaedic procedures. We reviewed patient demographics, surgical procedures, perioperative OZR discontinuation periods, and postoperative complications. Results: The mean preoperative OZR discontinuation period was 15.8 days (range, 2–25 days). Sutures were removed at a mean of 12.8 days postoperatively (range, 11–14 days) after adequate wound healing had been confirmed. The mean total discontinuation period was 34.9 days (range, 27–43 days). No cases of surgical site infection (SSI) or delayed wound healing (DWH) were observed during a minimum follow-up period of three months. One patient experienced a disease flare before OZR was restarted. Conclusions: Preoperative OZR discontinuation for up to four weeks appeared to be safe in this cohort. These findings may assist orthopaedic surgeons in determining an appropriate perioperative discontinuation strategy for OZR that minimises SSI and DWH risk while reducing the likelihood of RA flare. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishidaKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaRyozo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ryozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaharaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoritaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Horita en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NatsumedaMasamitsu en-aut-sei=Natsumeda en-aut-mei=Masamitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaniwaShuichi en-aut-sei=Naniwa en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Locomotive Pain Center, Faculty of Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurashiki Sweet Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Locomotive Pain Center, Faculty of Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Locomotive Pain Center, Faculty of Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Rheumatic Disease Center, Mabi Memorial Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=delayed wound healing kn-keyword=delayed wound healing en-keyword=discontinuation kn-keyword=discontinuation en-keyword=ozoralizumab kn-keyword=ozoralizumab en-keyword=orthopaedic surgery kn-keyword=orthopaedic surgery en-keyword=perioperative management kn-keyword=perioperative management en-keyword=rheumatoid arthritis kn-keyword=rheumatoid arthritis en-keyword=surgical site infection kn-keyword=surgical site infection END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Starch Synthase 3 isoforms are essential for normal starch granule initiation in wheat endosperm en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DingJinjin en-aut-sei=Ding en-aut-mei=Jinjin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FahyBrendan en-aut-sei=Fahy en-aut-mei=Brendan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushimaRyo en-aut-sei=Matsushima en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=JiangQiantao en-aut-sei=Jiang en-aut-mei=Qiantao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeungDavid en-aut-sei=Seung en-aut-mei=David kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park kn-affil= en-keyword=resistant starch kn-keyword=resistant starch en-keyword=starch kn-keyword=starch en-keyword=starch granule kn-keyword=starch granule en-keyword=starch synthase kn-keyword=starch synthase en-keyword=wheat kn-keyword=wheat END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=123 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e2518136123 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260204 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A nuclear CobW/WW-domain factor represses the CO2-concentrating mechanism in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Microalgae induce a CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM) to maintain photosynthesis when CO2 is limited. Because this system consumes a substantial portion of photosynthetically generated ATP, its suppression when CO2 levels rise is critical for energy balance, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identify a nuclear repressor of the CCM in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. A pull-down screen for interacting partners of the master activator CCM1/CIA5 revealed an uncharacterized protein that tightly associates with CCM1. This protein, CCM1-binding protein 1 (CBP1), combines a CobW/CobW_C GTP-binding metallochaperone module with a WW-domain characteristic of protein–protein interactions. CBP1 colocalizes and interacts with CCM1 in the nucleus regardless of CO2 conditions. Disruption of CBP1 does not affect growth or CCM induction under CO2 limitation but derepresses 27 of 41 CCM1-dependent low-CO2 inducible genes under high-CO2 conditions. These include the periplasmic and intracellular carbonic anhydrases (CAH1 and LCIB) and inorganic carbon transporters/channels (LCIA, LCI1, BST1, and BST3). Consistently, cbp1 mutants accumulate CAH1 and LCIB proteins and exhibit 40% higher inorganic carbon affinity under high-CO2 conditions; this phenotype is rescued by CBP1 complementation or by acetazolamide treatment. Crucially, cbp1 mutants exhibit significant growth delays under high-CO2 conditions, especially when light is limiting, providing direct evidence that CBP1-mediated repression is essential for energy conservation. Thus, CBP1 prevents unnecessary CCM activity when CO2 is abundant, acting upstream of both transporter/channel and carbonic anhydrase modules. Our findings suggest a regulatory mechanism potentially linking zinc-dependent protein chemistry to CCM gene repression, providing insights into energy-efficient CO2 sensing in aquatic photosynthetic organisms. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimamuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasudaJunko en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaharaYosuke en-aut-sei=Yamahara en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoHirobumi en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Hirobumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzawaShin-Ichiro en-aut-sei=Ozawa en-aut-mei=Shin-Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokutsuRyutaro en-aut-sei=Tokutsu en-aut-mei=Ryutaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagamiAyumi en-aut-sei=Yamagami en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushitaTomonao en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=Tomonao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYuichiro en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuzawaHideya en-aut-sei=Fukuzawa en-aut-mei=Hideya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yamano en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= en-keyword=carbonic anhydrase kn-keyword=carbonic anhydrase en-keyword=Chlamydomonas reinhardtii kn-keyword=Chlamydomonas reinhardtii en-keyword=CO2-concentrating mechanism kn-keyword=CO2-concentrating mechanism en-keyword=photosynthesis kn-keyword=photosynthesis en-keyword=pyrenoid kn-keyword=pyrenoid END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260202 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pediatric autologous peripheral blood stem cell collection without heparin using a highly concentrated sodium citrate anticoagulant: A retrospective comparison with standard ACD-A en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Heparin combined with sodium citrate has been used in leukocytapheresis for pediatric patients. Since 2022, we have performed leukocytapheresis using a highly concentrated sodium citrate solution (HSC, 5.32%) instead of acid citrate dextrose solution A (ACD-A). We conducted this study to determine whether HSC use reduces run time and the total amount of anticoagulant solution in children.
Study Design and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from consecutive autologous peripheral blood stem cell harvests (auto-PBSCHs) between June 2012 and May 2025, including patient characteristics, mobilization methods, protocol used, anticoagulant type, run time, total anticoagulant solution volume, and collection efficiency.
Results: Auto-PBSCH was performed using the mononuclear cell collection (MNC) protocol in 28 procedures and the continuous MNC protocol in 20 procedures. ACD-A was used in 35 procedures and HSC in 13. The run time was significantly shorter (204 [range, 117–302] vs. 157 min [range, 103–227], p = .02) in the HSC group and also confirmed in multivariable regression analysis (coefficient, −55.6; 95% confidence interval, −106.2 to −5.04; p = .03). In a subgroup analysis of cMNC procedures, CD34+ collection efficiency showed a strong negative correlation with the proportion of run time devoted to establishing the initial interface (r = −.73, p = .0003).
Conclusion: Delays in establishing the initial interface can reduce the duration of the effective MNC collection phase and may negatively affect collection efficiency. Careful attention to the initial interface phase is therefore warranted when using HSC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiiKeiko en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraWataru en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WashioKana en-aut-sei=Washio en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkeuchiKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Ikeuchi en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimonoJoji en-aut-sei=Shimono en-aut-mei=Joji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNobuharu en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Nobuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=acid citrate dextrose solution kn-keyword=acid citrate dextrose solution en-keyword=autologous kn-keyword=autologous en-keyword=continuous mononuclear cell collection kn-keyword=continuous mononuclear cell collection en-keyword=highly concentrated sodium kn-keyword=highly concentrated sodium en-keyword=pediatric kn-keyword=pediatric en-keyword=peripheral blood stem cells kn-keyword=peripheral blood stem cells END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=26 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Osimertinib inhibits the MYLK4-mediated phosphorylation of CDKAL1 to suppress stemness and chemoresistance in rhabdomyosarcoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ItanoTakuto en-aut-sei=Itano en-aut-mei=Takuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HuangRongsheng en-aut-sei=Huang en-aut-mei=Rongsheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakataEiji en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimuraAtsushi en-aut-sei=Fujimura en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cellular Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cellular Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=369 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260123 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Impact of the July 2018 Heavy Rain Disaster on the Endangered Nagoya Daruma Pond Frog (Pelophylax porosus brevipodus) in Rice Fields of Mabi Town, Kurashiki City, Western Japan: Changes in Population Structure over Five Years en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rice paddy fields (referred to below as rice fields) are important not only for food production, but also as habitats for various species. The Nagoya Daruma Pond Frog (Pelophylax porosus brevipodus) is an endangered frog species endemic to Japan, mainly living in and around rice field areas. In July 2018, heavy rainfall caused severe flooding in Mabi Town of Okayama Prefecture, western Japan, submerging numerous rice fields and affecting local frog populations, including P. porosus brevipodus. To clarify whether the population structure of P. porosus brevipodus changed following the flood disaster in the rice fields of Mabi Town, we conducted quantitative field surveys in a rice fallow field in mid-October before (2017) and after (2018, 2020–2022, excluding 2019) the flood. The number of frogs declined sharply after the 2018 flood, reaching only a few individuals by 2020, but showed a substantial recovery in 2021 following the resumption of rice cultivation, although numbers decreased again in 2022. This recovery, despite fluctuations, indicates that habitat restoration through rice farming played a key role in enabling the population to rebound. Our findings underscore the importance of maintaining and restoring rice field environments after natural disasters for the survival and long-term recovery of P. porosus brevipodus. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakajimaRyo en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AzumiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Azumi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaMasakazu en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Masakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaichiJunya en-aut-sei=Nakaichi en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsuharaKoki R. en-aut-sei=Katsuhara en-aut-mei=Koki R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakataKazuyoshi en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama Prefectural Public Interest Incorporated Foundation for Environmental Conservation kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=agroecosystem kn-keyword=agroecosystem en-keyword=conservation ecology kn-keyword=conservation ecology en-keyword=endangered amphibian kn-keyword=endangered amphibian en-keyword=paddy field kn-keyword=paddy field en-keyword=post-disaster habitat recovery kn-keyword=post-disaster habitat recovery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Racialized Contagion and Defensive Biopolitics in The Last of Us en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the opening moments of the video game The Last of Us Part I, players are introduced to an emerging pandemic via Austin’s Texas Herald newspaper. Below a headline warning of mass hospitalizations from a 'mysterious infection', players read of a recall of imported crops 'potentially tainted with mold': 'Initial lists distributed to vendors nationwide warned against crops imported from South America. However now the scope has extended to include Central America and Mexico'. This scene immediately suggests the racialization of the franchise’s Cordyceps brain infection (CBI), with the contagion germinating in the global South, invading the US via its southern border, and spreading fastest in the nation’s diverse urban centres. By highlighting tainted crops as the vector of dispersal in the US, however, rather than infected humans, the franchise resists making this a simple invasion-scare narrative and instead suggests that the spread of the infection is in part a result of the capitalist exploitation of cheap land and labour in the global South. Despite its inconsistent record on racial representation and the near-absence of discussion of race across the franchise, the structures reflecting the racialization of contagion and the perpetuation of racialized hierarchies through defensive biopolitics remain present. Drawing connections with the discourse around immigration and the southern border and contemporary pandemics and epidemics, this article makes the case for reading the franchise in terms of racialized contagion and defensive biopolitics, a reading that highlights how the games and their television adaptation reflect urgent contemporary issues around race in America. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YeatesRobert en-aut-sei=Yeates en-aut-mei=Robert kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=the last of us kn-keyword=the last of us en-keyword=contagion kn-keyword=contagion en-keyword=pandemics kn-keyword=pandemics en-keyword=race kn-keyword=race en-keyword=immigration kn-keyword=immigration en-keyword=biopolitics kn-keyword=biopolitics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1713471 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251218 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Regulatory considerations for developing phage therapy medicinal products for the treatment of antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recently, there have been growing expectations that treatment of infections with bacteriophages (phages), viruses which specifically infect bacteria, can be used as a treatment option for antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections. In Europe and the United States, in addition to phage therapy as a form of personalized medicine, development of pre-defined phage therapy medicinal products (PTMPs) is progressing, and clinical trials are underway. From October 2024 to July 2025, the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency exchanged opinions on trends and points to consider in drug development of PTMPs used for antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections with external experts. Development of PTMPs for regulatory approval requires quality control strategies, establishment of manufacturing methods, non-clinical evaluations, and clinical trial plans based on the characteristics of the phage. In this document, based on the regulatory and development trends in Europe and the United States, the current considerations on quality, non-clinical evaluation, and clinical trial planning including the Cartagena Act in the development of PTMPs in Japan are summarized. The basic concepts presented here are intended to be applied to antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections targeted by PTMPs but can be mostly applicable to bacterial infections in general. We hope that these findings will further accelerate more active development of PTMPs towards timely patient access to innovative products. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Fukaya-ShibaAi en-aut-sei=Fukaya-Shiba en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgataAkiko en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuribayashiRyosuke en-aut-sei=Kuribayashi en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuraiAkira en-aut-sei=Sakurai en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiKanako en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Kanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakadamaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Takadama en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraJihei en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Jihei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchiyamaJumpei en-aut-sei=Uchiyama en-aut-mei=Jumpei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhgeHiroki en-aut-sei=Ohge en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiTakamasa en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Takamasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamakiHideyuki en-aut-sei=Tamaki en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KigaKotaro en-aut-sei=Kiga en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwanoHidetomo en-aut-sei=Iwano en-aut-mei=Hidetomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Office of Regulatory Science Coordination, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Office of Regulatory Science Coordination, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Office of Cellular and Tissue-based Products, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Office of Cellular and Tissue-based Products, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Office of Regulatory Science Coordination, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Office of New Drug IV, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Office of New Drug IV, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Biomanufacturing Process Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, International University of Health and Welfare kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Drug Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Rakuno Gakuen University School of Veterinary Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=phage therapy kn-keyword=phage therapy en-keyword=bacteriophage kn-keyword=bacteriophage en-keyword=antimicrobial resistance (AMR) kn-keyword=antimicrobial resistance (AMR) en-keyword=quality considerations kn-keyword=quality considerations en-keyword=non-clinical evaluation kn-keyword=non-clinical evaluation en-keyword=clinical trial plan kn-keyword=clinical trial plan en-keyword=the Cartagena Act kn-keyword=the Cartagena Act END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Efficient resuscitation of early-stage viable but non-culturable cells of Vibrio cholerae using treatment with proteolytic enzymes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of cholera, is ubiquitous in environmental brackish waters. Exposure to low water temperatures induces the bacterium to enter a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. In this study, a stepwise decrease in water temperature to 4°C was found to delay the transition to the non-culturable state compared to an abrupt temperature drop, suggesting that V. cholerae cells partially adapt to low temperatures. V. cholerae VBNC cells maintained at 4°C gradually lost their ability to revert to a culturable state. However, VBNC cells in the early stage of dormancy were efficiently resuscitated following treatment with proteolytic enzymes, including proteinase K. The abundance of culturable V. cholerae cells in brackish estuarine waters was quantified using the most probable number (MPN)–quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. Although culturable cells were undetectable in samples treated with bovine serum albumin, they were estimated at 93 and 1,500 MPN/mL in two water samples collected on different days and pre-incubated with proteinase K. Similarly, the abundance of Vibrio species increased markedly following treatment with this enzyme. Additionally, cells of Vibrio species were enumerated by the plating method using CHROMagar Vibrio plates. Consistent with the results of the MPN–qPCR method, treatment with proteinase K resulted in over a 100-fold increase in colony formation. Collectively, these findings suggest that treatment with proteinase K is effective for resuscitating and quantifying V. cholerae VBNC cells in environmental water samples. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgasawaraMona en-aut-sei=Ogasawara en-aut-mei=Mona kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiwakiShiho en-aut-sei=Niwaki en-aut-mei=Shiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaRena en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Rena kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuzemboBasilua Andre en-aut-sei=Muzembo en-aut-mei=Basilua Andre kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute of Nursing Care for People and Community, University of Hyogo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Research Center for Intestinal Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Vibrio cholerae kn-keyword=Vibrio cholerae en-keyword=viable but non-culturable kn-keyword=viable but non-culturable en-keyword=VBNC kn-keyword=VBNC en-keyword=protease kn-keyword=protease en-keyword=proteolytic enzyme kn-keyword=proteolytic enzyme END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=29639 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250813 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Single cell spatial transcriptomics links Wnt signaling disruption to extracellular matrix development in a cleft palate model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Despite advances in understanding the morphological disruptions that lead to defects in palate formation, the precise perturbations within the signaling microenvironment of palatal clefts remain poorly understood. To explore in greater depth the genomic basis of palatal clefts, we designed and implemented the first single cell spatial RNA-sequencing study in a cleft palate model, utilizing the Pax9−/− murine model at multiple developmental timepoints, which exhibits a consistent cleft palate defect. Visium HD, an emerging platform for true single-cell resolution spatially resolved transcriptomics, was employed using custom bins of 2 × 2 μm spatial gene expression data. Validation of spatial gene expression was then validated using custom designed Xenium In Situ mRNA spatial profiling and RNAscope Multiplex assays. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a palate cell-specific perturbation in Wnt signaling effector function in tandem with disrupted expression of extracellular matrix genes in developing mesenchyme. As a key step toward laying the framework for identifying key molecular targets these data can be used for translational studies aimed at developing effective therapies for human palatal clefts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PiñaJeremie Oliver en-aut-sei=Piña en-aut-mei=Jeremie Oliver kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=RajuResmi en-aut-sei=Raju en-aut-mei=Resmi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=StipanoEvan en-aut-sei=Stipano en-aut-mei=Evan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MyoAye Chan en-aut-sei=Myo en-aut-mei=Aye Chan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangZiyi en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ziyi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoMitsuaki en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Mitsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChattarajParna en-aut-sei=Chattaraj en-aut-mei=Parna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurukawaMasae en-aut-sei=Furukawa en-aut-mei=Masae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=D’SouzaRena N. en-aut-sei=D’Souza en-aut-mei=Rena N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH) kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH) kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH) kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH) kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH) kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH) kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Section on Craniofacial Genetic Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH) kn-affil= en-keyword=Spatial biology kn-keyword=Spatial biology en-keyword=Cleft palate kn-keyword=Cleft palate en-keyword=Genomics kn-keyword=Genomics en-keyword=Single cell kn-keyword=Single cell en-keyword=Gene expression kn-keyword=Gene expression en-keyword=Profiling kn-keyword=Profiling en-keyword=Extracellular matrix kn-keyword=Extracellular matrix en-keyword=Wnt kn-keyword=Wnt en-keyword=Transcriptome kn-keyword=Transcriptome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=16 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251229 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=FluoNeRF: Fluorescent Novel-View Synthesis Under Novel Light Source Colors and Spectra en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Synthesizing photo-realistic images of a scene from arbitrary viewpoints and under arbitrary lighting environments is one of the important research topics in computer vision and graphics. In this paper, we propose a method for synthesizing photo-realistic images of a scene with fluorescent objects from novel viewpoints and under novel lighting colors and spectra. In general, fluorescent materials absorb light with certain wavelengths and then emit light with longer wavelengths than the absorbed ones, in contrast to reflective materials, which preserve wavelengths of light. Therefore, we cannot reproduce the colors of fluorescent objects under arbitrary lighting colors by combining conventional view synthesis techniques with the white balance adjustment of the RGB channels. Accordingly, we extend the novel-view synthesis based on the neural radiance fields by incorporating the superposition principle of light; our proposed method captures a sparse set of images of a scene from varying viewpoints and under varying lighting colors or spectra with active lighting systems such as a color display or a multi-spectral light stage and then synthesizes photo-realistic images of the scene without explicitly modeling its geometric and photometric models. We conducted a number of experiments using real images captured with an LCD and confirmed that our method works better than the existing methods. Moreover, we showed that the extension of our method using more than three primary colors with a light stage enables us to reproduce the colors of fluorescent objects under common light sources. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShiLin en-aut-sei=Shi en-aut-mei=Lin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsufujiKengo en-aut-sei=Matsufuji en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaMichitaka en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Michitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaRyo en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabeTakahiro en-aut-sei=Okabe en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Artificial Intelligence, Kyushu Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Artificial Intelligence, Kyushu Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=novel-view synthesis kn-keyword=novel-view synthesis en-keyword=neural radiance fields kn-keyword=neural radiance fields en-keyword=relighting kn-keyword=relighting en-keyword=superposition principle kn-keyword=superposition principle en-keyword=fluorescence kn-keyword=fluorescence en-keyword=Stokes shift kn-keyword=Stokes shift END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=938 end-page=943 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical outcomes of Japanese patients treated with out-of-specification tisagenlecleucel in a phase 3b trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: The final manufactured tisagenlecleucel product should meet the commercial product release specifications to ensure the quality in terms of safety, purity, identity, and potency. However, it may occasionally fail to meet these specifications due to the nature of patient-derived cells with variable properties as starting material and the complex manufacturing process. The final product that does not meet at least one of the commercial release specifications is referred to as “out-of-specification” (OOS). However, the benefit-risk profile of OOS tisagenlecleucel has not yet been fully elucidated.
Aims: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of OOS tisagenlecleucel in Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory (r/r) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).
Methods: This is a single-arm, open-label, multicenter phase 3b study (NCT04094311). Patients consistent with label indication were enrolled and followed-up for 3 months.
Results: Of the 29 patients enrolled between December 2019 and May 2022 across 13 qualified sites in Japan, 28 received tisagenlecleucel, and of these, 23 had r/r DLBCL and 5 had r/r B-ALL. The primary reasons for OOS were low cell viability (15 of 24 batches) and low dose (8 of 23 batches) tisagenlecleucel in the r/r DLBCL group, and high dose (4 of 5 batches) in the r/r B-ALL group. In patients with r/r DLBCL, the grade 3 or 4 cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome occurred in 3 and 1 patients, respectively. Response assessments were performed for 15 of 23 patients with r/r DLBCL: 6 achieved a complete response, and 1 achieved a partial response as the best response within 3 months.
Conclusions: Despite the limited patient sample size, our findings affirm that the infusion of OOS tisagenlecleucel is a viable option, with no observed increase in toxicity and outcomes comparable to those of in-specification products in clinical and real-world studies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoKoji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoJun en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoHideki en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiTakeshi en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaidaEmiko en-aut-sei=Sakaida en-aut-mei=Emiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramatsuHidefumi en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Hidefumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasahide en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masahide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiharaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Yoshihara en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoJun en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KohKatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Koh en-aut-mei=Katsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaKentaro en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwamotoFumiko en-aut-sei=Iwamoto en-aut-mei=Fumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TiwariRanjan en-aut-sei=Tiwari en-aut-mei=Ranjan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNobuharu en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Nobuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Laboratory and Transfusion Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hyogo Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Cell Therapy and Transfusion Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saitama Children’s Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Medical Affairs, Novartis Pharma K.K. kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Development Advance Quantitative Sciences, Novartis Healthcare Private Limited kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=CAR-T kn-keyword=CAR-T en-keyword=DLBCL kn-keyword=DLBCL en-keyword=Out-of-specification kn-keyword=Out-of-specification en-keyword=Safety kn-keyword=Safety en-keyword=Tisagenlecleucel kn-keyword=Tisagenlecleucel END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=263 end-page=267 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=2025 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Improvement of anodic oxide film characteristics of Al-Cu alloy by refinement of IMCs with large-area electron beam irradiation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Al-Cu alloy has been widely applied to automobile products due to its light weight and high strength, but pitting corrosion easily occurs due to intermetallic compounds (IMCs) in Al-Cu alloy. Anodizing process has been conventionally performed to improve the corrosion resistance of Al-Cu alloy surface. However, IMCs in Al-Cu alloy lead to defects in anodic oxide film. In this study, refinement of IMCs in Al-Cu alloy surface by large-area EB irradiation was proposed. Experimental results show that reflectance and corrosion resistance of anodic oxide film formed on Al-Cu alloy surface are improved by refinement of IMCs with the EB irradiation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShinonagaT. en-aut-sei=Shinonaga en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SebeA. en-aut-sei=Sebe en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiM. en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiT. en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaA. en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Shimano Research Laboratories, R&D Strategy Dept., SHIMANO INC. kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Shimano Research Laboratories, R&D Strategy Dept., SHIMANO INC. kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Electron beam kn-keyword=Electron beam en-keyword=aluminum kn-keyword=aluminum en-keyword=anodic oxide film kn-keyword=anodic oxide film END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=105889 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202511 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association between adjuvant chemotherapy and outcomes in resected locoregional recurrence of hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative breast cancer: a multi-institutional retrospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: To evaluate the association of adjuvant chemotherapy and prognosis for locoregional recurrence (LRR) in hormone receptor (HR)-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative subtype breast cancer.
Patients and methods: We carried out a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study in patients with breast cancer who developed HR-positive HER2-negative LRR. Patients who underwent curative surgery for LRR between 2014 and 2018 were categorized based on whether they received adjuvant chemotherapy for LRR (CTx versus no-CTx). Invasive disease-free survival (iDFS) was evaluated between the groups by Cox proportional hazards analysis. The primary analysis used a double-robust Cox model incorporating inverse probability of treatment weighting, and a sensitivity analysis using propensity score matching was also carried out.
Results: A total of 958 patients were included. The median time from the primary surgery to LRR diagnosis was 9.5 years (interquartile range 3.1-10.1 years). There were 235 patients (25%) in the CTx group and 722 (75%) in the no-CTx group. Among all patients, the 5-year iDFS rate was 75.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 72.4% to 78.2%]. Multivariate analysis showed better iDFS in the CTx group (hazard ratio 0.70, 95% CI 0.49-0.99, P = 0.045). Sensitivity analysis supported these findings. Subgroup analyses showed that the CTx group had better iDFS in cases with non-ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), recurrences during adjuvant endocrine therapy for primary breast cancer, and without perioperative chemotherapy for primary breast cancer. Secondary analysis showed no significant difference with a worse trend toward overall survival in the CTx group with multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis.
Conclusion: Adjuvant chemotherapy for HR-positive HER2-negative LRR was associated with better iDFS, particularly in cases of non-IBTR, recurrences during adjuvant endocrine therapy, and no prior perioperative chemotherapy for their primary tumor. However, the retrospective design and inability to distinguish true recurrences from new primary tumors in IBTR warrant cautious interpretation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OzakiY. en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokudaE. en-aut-sei=Tokuda en-aut-mei=E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SagaraY. en-aut-sei=Sagara en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraF. en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasadaS. en-aut-sei=Sasada en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawakiM. en-aut-sei=Sawaki en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanbayashiC. en-aut-sei=Kanbayashi en-aut-mei=C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaT. en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnishiT. en-aut-sei=Onishi en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujikiY. en-aut-sei=Fujiki en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SutoA. en-aut-sei=Suto en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiY. en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokunagaE. en-aut-sei=Tokunaga en-aut-mei=E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArugaT. en-aut-sei=Aruga en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraR. en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaT. en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=SajiS. en-aut-sei=Saji en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataH. en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienT. en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Social Medical Corporation Hakuaikai Sagara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Breast Oncology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Breast Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Social Medical Corporation Hakuaikai Sagara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Breast Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Breast Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Division of Breast Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Breast Oncology, Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Advanced Clinical Research and Development, Nagoya City University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=breast cancer kn-keyword=breast cancer en-keyword=locoregional recurrence kn-keyword=locoregional recurrence en-keyword=adjuvant chemotherapy kn-keyword=adjuvant chemotherapy en-keyword=inverse probability of treatment weighting kn-keyword=inverse probability of treatment weighting END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=64 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=1811 end-page=1825 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250926 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of Fentanyl-Emerged Adverse Events and Pharmacokinetics in Neonates: A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Approach en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Despite its common use for analgesia in neonatal intensive care units, the optimal dosing and safety profile of fentanyl, particularly regarding suspected fentanyl-emerged adverse events (FEAEs), such as hypotension, desaturation, and oliguria, are not well-defined.
Objective This study aimed to develop an optimal therapeutic monitoring and dosing strategy for fentanyl for neonates. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for predicting fentanyl pharmacokinetics across various populations, including preterm and term neonates, was developed, and the relationship between predicted fentanyl exposure and FEAE incidence in neonates was assessed.
Methods A PBPK model was developed and validated against the observed values in the literature. The model’s predictive accuracy for fentanyl pharmacokinetics and association with FEAE incidence in an external retrospective cohort of Japanese neonates was evaluated using the predicted concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters estimated by PBPK simulation.
Results The PBPK model exhibited reasonable predictive performance for serum fentanyl concentrations in actual neonatal patients (mean error: 9.27% [standard error: 5.06%], root mean squared error: 54.7%). The incidence of any FEAE, particularly oxygen desaturation, was associated with the fentanyl concentration-to-dose ratio, but not with some exposure parameters, such as the area under the curve and maximum concentration. The recommended reduced infusion rate allowed serum fentanyl concentrations to fall within the ranges established by the reported values and our data.
Conclusions Our PBPK model and proposed dosing strategy may contribute to safer and more effective fentanyl use in neonates. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MahdyWalaa Yousef Bassyouni en-aut-sei=Mahdy en-aut-mei=Walaa Yousef Bassyouni kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=JojiRisa en-aut-sei=Joji en-aut-mei=Risa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoMari en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Mari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakasoneRuka en-aut-sei=Nakasone en-aut-mei=Ruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiokaKazumichi en-aut-sei=Fujioka en-aut-mei=Kazumichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoharaKotaro en-aut-sei=Itohara en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitahiroYumi en-aut-sei=Kitahiro en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmuraTomohiro en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoIkuko en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Ikuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Integrated Clinical and Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=222 end-page=225 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ethical Use of Cadaveric Images in Anatomical Textbooks, Atlases, and Journals: A Consensus Response From Authors and Editors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nowadays, consent to use donor bodies for medical education and research is obtained from the body donors and their families before the donation. Recently, the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) published guidelines that could restrict the appearance of cadaveric images in commercial anatomical resources such as textbooks and other educational products. These guidelines state that the donor must expressly consent to using such images for this purpose. Cadaveric photos and drawings made from dissections of cadavers have been used in anatomy textbooks and atlases for hundreds of years. They are invaluable for anatomy students and clinical/surgical practitioners. The IFAA guidelines should not restrict the use of those older books; to do so would infringe the rights of those seeking knowledge from these resources. As the images in such textbooks and atlases are anonymized and are used for teaching and research, and the donors and their families are informed about this before the donation, we believe no additional consent is needed. It is impossible to separate educational from “commercial” usage entirely in any situation, e.g., publications from publishers and the use of cadavers in medical schools. Therefore, our best efforts to avoid unethical use of cadaveric images by following traditional consent processes are still needed so that more people will reap the benefits from them. As senior textbook/atlas authors/editors from over 10 countries, we believe that using cadaveric images in anatomy textbooks is appropriate, and no additional consent should be necessary. Such usage falls within the good faith of professionals using these invaluable gifts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwanagaJoe en-aut-sei=Iwanaga en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimHee‐Jin en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=Hee‐Jin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkitaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Akita en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LoganBari M. en-aut-sei=Logan en-aut-mei=Bari M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HutchingsRalph T. en-aut-sei=Hutchings en-aut-mei=Ralph T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OttoneNicolás en-aut-sei=Ottone en-aut-mei=Nicolás kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NonakaYoichi en-aut-sei=Nonaka en-aut-mei=Yoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnandMahindra en-aut-sei=Anand en-aut-mei=Mahindra kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=BurnsDanny en-aut-sei=Burns en-aut-mei=Danny kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SinghVishram en-aut-sei=Singh en-aut-mei=Vishram kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=Peris‐CeldaMaria en-aut-sei=Peris‐Celda en-aut-mei=Maria kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=Martinez‐SorianoFrancisco en-aut-sei=Martinez‐Soriano en-aut-mei=Francisco kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=ApaydinNihal en-aut-sei=Apaydin en-aut-mei=Nihal kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HannaAmgad en-aut-sei=Hanna en-aut-mei=Amgad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaNobutaka en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Nobutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=Fernandez‐MirandaJuan en-aut-sei=Fernandez‐Miranda en-aut-mei=Juan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=HurMi‐Sun en-aut-sei=Hur en-aut-mei=Mi‐Sun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShojaMohammadali M. en-aut-sei=Shoja en-aut-mei=Mohammadali M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaremiFarhood en-aut-sei=Saremi en-aut-mei=Farhood kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=ReinaFrancisco en-aut-sei=Reina en-aut-mei=Francisco kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabiraYoko en-aut-sei=Tabira en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=CarreraAnna en-aut-sei=Carrera en-aut-mei=Anna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=SprattJonathan D. en-aut-sei=Spratt en-aut-mei=Jonathan D. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoS. Yen en-aut-sei=Ho en-aut-mei=S. Yen kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriShumpei en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Shumpei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomuneNoritaka en-aut-sei=Komune en-aut-mei=Noritaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeKoichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=Prats‐GalinoAlberto en-aut-sei=Prats‐Galino en-aut-mei=Alberto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=De AndrésJose en-aut-sei=De Andrés en-aut-mei=Jose kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=ReinaMiguel Angel en-aut-sei=Reina en-aut-mei=Miguel Angel kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbrahamsPeter H. en-aut-sei=Abrahams en-aut-mei=Peter H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndersonRobert H. en-aut-sei=Anderson en-aut-mei=Robert H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=LoukasMarios en-aut-sei=Loukas en-aut-mei=Marios kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=TubbsR. Shane en-aut-sei=Tubbs en-aut-mei=R. Shane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division in Anatomy & Development Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Clinical Anatomy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=UK kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=UK kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Integral Adult Dentistry, Center for Research in Dental Sciences (CICO), Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Tokai University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Rama Medical College & Research Centre kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St. George's University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, University of Valencia kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Neuroplastic and Reconstructive Surgery Social Medical Corporation Kotobukikai Tominaga Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Medical Education, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University (NSU) kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Medical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience Research Group, University of Girona kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Medical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience Research Group, University of Girona kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=University Hospital of North Durham kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Cardiac Morphology, Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Cardiovascular and Interventional Programs, UCLA Health System, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Laboratory of Surgical NeuroAnatomy (LSNA), director of the Body Donation and Dissection Rooms Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health of Science, University of Barcelona kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Surgery Specialties Department, University of Valencia kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=CEU‐San‐Pablo University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Warwick Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St. George's University kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=anatomy kn-keyword=anatomy en-keyword=cadaver kn-keyword=cadaver en-keyword=commercial kn-keyword=commercial en-keyword=consent kn-keyword=consent en-keyword=dissection kn-keyword=dissection en-keyword=donors kn-keyword=donors en-keyword=medical education kn-keyword=medical education en-keyword=medical ethics kn-keyword=medical ethics en-keyword=publishing kn-keyword=publishing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1720 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251205 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A genome-wide association study identifies the GPM6A locus associated with age at onset in ALS en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) exhibits considerable clinical variability, such as differences in age at onset (AAO). Multiple factors, including genetic factors, may underlie this variability; however, the specific determinants remain unclear. To identify genes affecting AAO, we have conducted a genome-wide association study in Japanese patients with ALS (discovery cohort: n = 1808; replication cohort: n = 207). Here, we show that the minor A allele of rs113161727 at the ADAM29-GPM6A locus is associated with a younger AAO in the discovery cohort (effect, -4.27 years; p = 4.60 × 10-8); this finding has been confirmed in the replication cohort (p = 0.0068) and meta-analysis (p = 1.08 × 10−9). Among 65 ALS patients with a SOD1 mutation, the AAO has been found to be 10.2 years younger in those with the A allele than in those without it (p = 0.002). This variant correlates with GPM6A upregulation in iPSC-derived motor neurons, suggesting GPM6A as a candidate AAO modifier. Overall, our study highlights the impact of genetic modifiers on ALS heterogeneity and provides a potential target for delaying disease onset. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakamuraRyoichi en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Ryoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TohnaiGenki en-aut-sei=Tohnai en-aut-mei=Genki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsutaNaoki en-aut-sei=Atsuta en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaYumi en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimotoSatoru en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsunoMasahisa en-aut-sei=Katsuno en-aut-mei=Masahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IzumiYuishin en-aut-sei=Izumi en-aut-mei=Yuishin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaMitsuya en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Mitsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataIkuko en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Ikuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YabeIchiro en-aut-sei=Yabe en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakazatoTomoko en-aut-sei=Nakazato en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HattoriNobutaka en-aut-sei=Hattori en-aut-mei=Nobutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirayamaTakehisa en-aut-sei=Hirayama en-aut-mei=Takehisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoOsamu en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraAsako en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Asako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiNaoki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=AokiMasashi en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibuyaKazumoto en-aut-sei=Shibuya en-aut-mei=Kazumoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwabaraSatoshi en-aut-sei=Kuwabara en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaMasaya en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoRina en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Rina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=AibaIkuko en-aut-sei=Aiba en-aut-mei=Ikuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaTomohiko en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoderaOsamu en-aut-sei=Onodera en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaToru en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiuraHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Ishiura en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=BokudaKota en-aut-sei=Bokuda en-aut-mei=Kota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuToshio en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaYoshio en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaKazuko en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Kazuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaFumiaki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Fumiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokotaTakanori en-aut-sei=Yokota en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanaiKazuaki en-aut-sei=Kanai en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=NotoYu-ichi en-aut-sei=Noto en-aut-mei=Yu-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiRyuji en-aut-sei=Kaji en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=36 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHirohisa en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hirohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=37 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiTomoko en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=38 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaMikiko en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Mikiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=39 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukayaHozuki en-aut-sei=Fukaya en-aut-mei=Hozuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=40 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiwaJun-ichi en-aut-sei=Niwa en-aut-mei=Jun-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=41 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoyuManabu en-aut-sei=Doyu en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=42 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaYohei en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=43 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraShiho en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Shiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=44 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzawaFumiko en-aut-sei=Ozawa en-aut-mei=Fumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=45 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkanoHideyuki en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=46 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakatochiMasahiro en-aut-sei=Nakatochi en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=47 ORCID= en-aut-name=SobueGen en-aut-sei=Sobue en-aut-mei=Gen kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=48 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of ALS Research, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Keio University Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kawasaki kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Toho University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Toho University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Vihara Hananosato Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Neurology, NHO Higashinagoya National Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Neurology, NHO Higashinagoya National Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Division of Neurology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, NucleoTIDE and PepTIDE Drug Discovery Center (TIDE), Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=36 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=37 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Fujita Health University kn-affil= affil-num=38 en-affil=Division of ALS Research, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=39 en-affil=Division of ALS Research, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=40 en-affil=Division of ALS Research, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=41 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=42 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=43 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=44 en-affil=Keio University Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kawasaki kn-affil= affil-num=45 en-affil=Keio University Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kawasaki kn-affil= affil-num=46 en-affil=Keio University Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kawasaki kn-affil= affil-num=47 en-affil=Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=48 en-affil=Division of ALS Research, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=401 end-page=407 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=2025 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Storage Temperature and a Sugar-ester Edible Coating on Postharvest Quality and Storage Life of ‘Fuyu’ Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In ‘Fuyu’ persimmons (Diospyros kaki Thunb.), crunchiness is a preferred postharvest attribute among both distributors and consumers. The present study first examined softening characteristics during storage at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25°C. Fruit stored at 0°C remained firm for 84 d, while that stored at 5°C had a 100% softening rate within 35 d. At 10 and 15°C, over 70% of fruit softened within 49 d and 63 d, respectively. The softening rate was relatively slower at 20 and 25°C, with only 27% softened fruit after 56 d at 25°C. The potential of a newly developed sugar-ester (SE) edible coating to delay fruit softening and maintain postharvest quality was then assessed during storage at 0 and 25°C. Uncoated fruit stored at 0°C for 56 d developed chilling injury (CI) symptoms (rapid fruit softening and peel browning) within 2 d of rewarming at 20°C. These CI symptoms were notably mitigated in SE-coated fruit. At 25°C, SE coating also delayed fruit softening and peel color change in addition to reducing fruit shrinkage. In conclusion, in ‘Fuyu’ persimmons ambient temperature (20–25°C) storage in combination with an edible SE coating is recommended for the high demand Christmas and new year seasons and 0°C storage with an edible SE coating is suitable for longer storage and distribution. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MuqadasMaqsood en-aut-sei=Muqadas en-aut-mei=Maqsood kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitaloOscar W. en-aut-sei=Mitalo en-aut-mei=Oscar W. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKyohei en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kyohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukiTakumi en-aut-sei=Otsuki en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoChikara en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HejaziZiaurrahman en-aut-sei=Hejazi en-aut-mei=Ziaurrahman kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraNatsuki en-aut-sei=Hira en-aut-mei=Natsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshijimaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Ushijima en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboYasutaka en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Shiga R&D Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=chilling injury kn-keyword=chilling injury en-keyword=long-term storage kn-keyword=long-term storage en-keyword=postharvest life kn-keyword=postharvest life en-keyword=shrinkage kn-keyword=shrinkage en-keyword=softening kn-keyword=softening END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=63 cd-vols= no-issue=13 article-no= start-page=1863 end-page=1872 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Activated CD4+ T Cell Proportion in the Peripheral Blood Correlates with the Duration of Cytokine Release Syndrome and Predicts Clinical Outcome after Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objective Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an emerging and effective therapy for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL). The characteristic toxicities of CAR T cell therapy include cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and prolonged cytopenia. We investigated the factors associated with these complications after CAR T cell therapy by analyzing lymphocyte subsets following CAR T cell infusion.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed peripheral blood samples on days 7, 14, and 28 after tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel) infusion by flow cytometry at our institution between June 2020 and September 2022.
Patients Thirty-five patients with R/R DLBCL who received tisa-cel therapy were included.
Results A flow cytometry-based analysis of blood samples from these patients revealed that the proportion of CD4+CD25+CD127+ T cells (hereafter referred to as "activated CD4+ T cells" ) among the total CD4+ T cells on day 7 after tisa-cel infusion correlated with the duration of CRS (r=0.79, p<0.01). In addition, a prognostic analysis of the overall survival (OS) using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves indicated a significantly more favorable OS and progression-free survival of patients with a proportion of activated CD4+ T cells among the total CD4+ T cells <0.73 (p=0.01, and p<0.01, respectively).
Conclusion These results suggest that the proportion of activated CD4+ T cells on day 7 after tisa-cel infusion correlates with the CRS duration and predicts clinical outcomes after CAR T cell therapy. Further studies with a larger number of patients are required to validate these observations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitamuraWataru en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkegawaShuntaro en-aut-sei=Ikegawa en-aut-mei=Shuntaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraHideaki en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamoiChihiro en-aut-sei=Kamoi en-aut-mei=Chihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnnishiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ennishi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimoriHisakazu en-aut-sei=Nishimori en-aut-mei=Hisakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiKeiko en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNobuharu en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Nobuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaKen-ichi en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Ken-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Division of Blood Transfusion, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy kn-keyword=chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy en-keyword=diffuse large B cell lymphoma kn-keyword=diffuse large B cell lymphoma en-keyword=flow cytometry kn-keyword=flow cytometry en-keyword=cytokine release syndrome kn-keyword=cytokine release syndrome en-keyword=prolonged cytopenia kn-keyword=prolonged cytopenia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251216 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of size factors and velocity of impinging diesel spray flames on wall heat transfer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To examine the effects of size and velocity of impinging diesel spray flames on wall heat transfer, this study conducted visualization of the spray flame and measurements of wall heat flux in a constant volume vessel. The impinging flame velocity was varied by adjusting the injection velocity. To vary the flame size independently of the flame velocity, the nozzle orifice diameter and the nozzle-to-wall distance were varied under similarity conditions, while maintaining a constant ratio of nozzle-to-wall distance to orifice diameter. Care was taken to minimize wall interference from the liquid phase and unburned regions of the spray flame by employing a high cetane number fuel and increasing the nozzle-to-wall distance. The experimental results showed that the wall heat flux increased as the impinging velocity increased, and the flame width decreased. The power-law correlations between the Nusselt and Reynolds numbers were determined based on the experimental results, revealing that the exponent of the Reynolds number reaches a local minimum at the impingement point. As the radial displacement from the impingement point increases, the exponent of the Reynolds number approaches approximately 0.8, which is a typical value for turbulent wall flow. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobashiYoshimitsu en-aut-sei=Kobashi en-aut-mei=Yoshimitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraiRyoga en-aut-sei=Hirai en-aut-mei=Ryoga kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataGen en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Gen kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaHideyuki en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=469 end-page=474 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ileus Tube-Related Intussusception: A Case Report and Review of 80 Previously Reported Cases en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report a rare case of ileus tube-related intussusception in an adult. A 56-year-old man with adhesive bowel obstruction was treated with a nasointestinal ileus tube. Although his condition initially improved, persistent abdominal pain led to the diagnosis of intussusception via CT imaging. Manual repositioning of the tube resolved the intussusception without the need for bowel resection. A review of 80 previously reported cases of ileus tube-associated intussusception (total 81 cases, 95 lesions) highlighted the timing of onset, treatment strategies, and precautions. Early detection and diagnosis are crucial to prevent severe complications and preserve bowel function. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsujiiTeruyuki en-aut-sei=Tsujii en-aut-mei=Teruyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaTatsuo en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraYuji en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsubeRyoichi en-aut-sei=Katsube en-aut-mei=Ryoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwadouHironori en-aut-sei=Iwadou en-aut-mei=Hironori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunabikiSadami en-aut-sei=Funabiki en-aut-mei=Sadami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamikawaYasuaki en-aut-sei=Kamikawa en-aut-mei=Yasuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaTadakazu en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Tadakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=nasointestinal ileus tube kn-keyword=nasointestinal ileus tube en-keyword=intussusception kn-keyword=intussusception en-keyword=small bowel obstruction kn-keyword=small bowel obstruction en-keyword=enterectomy kn-keyword=enterectomy en-keyword=conservative treatment kn-keyword=conservative treatment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=463 end-page=468 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=MRI Images of a Case of Adenocarcinoma, Human Papillomavirus-Independent, Mesonephric Type, of the Uterine Cervix en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present a case of a woman in her 70s who was diagnosed with mesonephric adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix, following biopsy and surgery. Preoperative MRI revealed a 7-cm, well-defined circumferential cervical mass with left lateral wall predominance, bulging into the uterine cavity and vagina. The lesion showed intermediate signal intensity on T2-weighted images, diffusion restriction, and early contrast enhancement weaker than that of the myometrium, followed by washout on contrast-enhanced imaging. The circumferential growth pattern with the lateral wall predominance and its imaging characteristics may suggest this rare entity be routinely included in the differential diagnosis of cervical cancers. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsanoYudai en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Yudai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiharaChika en-aut-sei=Nishihara en-aut-mei=Chika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitayamaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Kitayama en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkawaNanako en-aut-sei=Okawa en-aut-mei=Nanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoSatoko en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Satoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigakiFumiyo en-aut-sei=Higaki en-aut-mei=Fumiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaKatsuhide en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Katsuhide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaHanako en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Hanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IdaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Ida en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanaiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Yanai en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=mesonephric adenocarcinoma kn-keyword=mesonephric adenocarcinoma en-keyword=cervical cancer kn-keyword=cervical cancer en-keyword=MRI imaging characteristics kn-keyword=MRI imaging characteristics en-keyword=HPV-independent adenocarcinoma kn-keyword=HPV-independent adenocarcinoma END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=457 end-page=461 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exacerbation of Proteinuria in a Patient with Behçet’s Disease and IgA Nephropathy Following Colchicine Discontinuation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This case involves a 23-year-old male who was diagnosed with Behçet’s disease 5 years ago and managed with colchicine. Two months ago, he underwent renal biopsy due to abnormal urinalysis and kidney dysfunction, leading to a diagnosis of IgA nephropathy. He subsequently underwent tonsillectomy followed by glucocorticoid pulse therapy. However, after the tonsillectomy, discontinuing colchicine led to increased proteinuria, despite the glucocorticoid pulse therapy. Upon reintroducing colchicine, urinary protein excretion decreased, achieving incomplete remission. These findings suggest that colchicine may be effective in decreasing proteinuria in patients with Behçet’s disease complicated by IgA nephropathy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsakawaTomohiko en-aut-sei=Asakawa en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaHaruhito A. en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Haruhito A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaYu en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakurabuYoshimasa en-aut-sei=Sakurabu en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaKatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Katsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnishiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Onishi en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Matsuoka-UchiyamaNatsumi en-aut-sei=Matsuoka-Uchiyama en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiHidemi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Hidemi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKeiko en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmebayashiRyoko en-aut-sei=Umebayashi en-aut-mei=Ryoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemotoRika en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Rika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaJun en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Behçet’s disease kn-keyword=Behçet’s disease en-keyword=IgA nephropathy kn-keyword=IgA nephropathy en-keyword=colchicine kn-keyword=colchicine END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=451 end-page=455 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Recurrence of FVIII Inhibitor during Surgery in a Patient with Severe Hemophilia A Receiving Emicizumab Prophylaxis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Emicizumab, a bispecific monoclonal antibody, benefits patients with severe hemophilia A. It alters laboratory assessments of coagulation activity, requiring anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies for accurate monitoring. A 64-year-old man, receiving emicizumab regularly, was admitted for laminoplasty. We planned to use FVIII replacement during the perioperative period after confirming the disappearance of inhibitors, monitoring coagulation activity with anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies. Activated partial thromboplastin time was prolonged on postoperative day 2, prompting an immediate switch to eptacog alfa. The patient recovered without bleeding. This case underscores the necessity of anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies for accurate monitoring. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HagiharaMoe en-aut-sei=Hagihara en-aut-mei=Moe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeikeKeisuke en-aut-sei=Seike en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashinoKenta en-aut-sei=Hayashino en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuharaTakao en-aut-sei=Yasuhara en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinKyohei en-aut-sei=Kin en-aut-mei=Kyohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirataYuichi en-aut-sei=Hirata en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiHiroki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraWataru en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraHideaki en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNobuharu en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Nobuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Transfusion and Cell Therapy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=emicizumab kn-keyword=emicizumab en-keyword=eptacog alfa kn-keyword=eptacog alfa en-keyword=hemophilia A kn-keyword=hemophilia A en-keyword=inhibitor kn-keyword=inhibitor en-keyword=anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies to emicizumab kn-keyword=anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies to emicizumab END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=445 end-page=449 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Perioperative Team Management Was Beneficially Associated with Prolonged Postoperative Hospital Stays after Long Lower-Abdominal Surgeries en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Our hospital began a PERIO program (perioperative patient management by a multi-disciplinary team from multiple departments) in 2016 to improve patient outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical effects of the PERIO program regarding the postoperative hospital stay (PHS) in the patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent long lower-abdominal surgery at our hospital during the period April 2019 to March 2023. We excluded the cases of patients whose general anesthesia use was < 8 h, those for whom another surgery was performed simultaneously at another site, and emergency surgeries. The outcome was prolonged PHS, defined as exceeding the scheduled number of days specified in the patient’s clinical pathway. Among the 480 patients, prolonged PHS was observed for 270 patients (56.3%). In a multivariate logistic regression using advanced age, sex, high-risk general state, surgery requiring colon resection, serious adverse events (SAEs), and PERIO use, the following were associated with prolonged PHS: advance age (odds ratio [OR] 4.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.68-8.99, p=0.01), surgery requiring colon resection (OR 4.91, 95%CI: 2.68-8.99, p<0.001), SAE (OR 18.7, 95%CI: 7.22-48.2, p<0.001), and PERIO (OR 0.25, 95%CI: 0.13-0.47, p<0.001). The use of the PERIO program was thus beneficially associated with PHS after long lower-abdominal surgery. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumiJunya en-aut-sei=Matsumi en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=hospital stay kn-keyword=hospital stay en-keyword=ERAS kn-keyword=ERAS en-keyword=surgery kn-keyword=surgery en-keyword=cancer kn-keyword=cancer en-keyword=perioperative management kn-keyword=perioperative management END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=437 end-page=444 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Frailty at 1 Month before ICU Admission Poses a Hospital Mortality Risk in Cancer Survivors whose Condition Has Deteriorated due to Medical Factors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The optimal indications for intensive care unit (ICU) treatment for critically ill cancer survivors whose condition has deteriorated due to medical factors are unclear. To test our hypothesis that frailty before deterioration was associated with hospital mortality in this patient population, we retrospective analyzed the cases of the patients admitted to the ICU at the National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan (April 2014-March 2022). We excluded patients who underwent surgery within 28 days or were denied critical care within 24 h or admitted after cardiopulmonary arrest. Their Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) scores at 1 month before ICU admission (Pre-ICU) were obtained. Frailty was defined as CFS scores ≥4 points. We analyzed 298 admissions and observed that the mortality rate at hospital discharge was significantly higher in the frailty group (n=119). A multivariate analysis demonstrated that the following factors were significantly associated with hospital mortality: Pre-ICU frailty (OR 2.00, 95%CI: 1.19-3.36, p=0.009), cancer type (hematological: OR 2.93, 95%CI: 1.42-6.05, p=0.004), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at ICU admission (OR 0.88, 95%CI: 0.82-0.95, p=0.0008). Frailty retrospectively assessed using the CFS at 1 month pre-ICU admission is a risk factor for hospital mortality in these cancer survivors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumiJunya en-aut-sei=Matsumi en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoTetsufumi en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Tetsufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=frailty kn-keyword=frailty en-keyword=cancer survivor kn-keyword=cancer survivor en-keyword=clinical frailty scale kn-keyword=clinical frailty scale en-keyword=cancer kn-keyword=cancer en-keyword=critically ill kn-keyword=critically ill END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=431 end-page=436 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association of Weekend Admission and In-Hospital Mortality in Adult Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The effect of weekend admission on patient mortality has been investigated in several therapeutic areas, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the investigations’ results are controversial. We evaluated the relationship between in-hospital mortality and weekend admission in adult patients with AML in Japan by conducting a retrospective observational study using administrative data from 144 acute care hospitals from which patients were discharged between April 2014 and March 2019. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, compared between weekend and weekday admissions. Among the 1,340 eligible patients, 11% (150) were admitted during a weekend. The in-hospital mortality rates of the patients admitted during weekends and those admitted on a weekday were 28% (42/150) and 17% (204/1190), respectively. After an adjustment for covariates, weekend admission was associated with a significantly higher risk of in-hospital mortality than weekday admission (HR 1.70, 95%CI: 1.20-2.40; p=0.003). However, such an association was not observed in patients treated in a bio-clean room (HR 1.26, 95%CI: 0.65-2.42). Our results demonstrate that for patients with AML, weekend admission was independently associated with a higher risk of death during hospitalization. An appropriate system is necessary for these patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueTakahiro en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwabaraHiroyo en-aut-sei=Kuwabara en-aut-mei=Hiroyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKoh en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Koh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Healthcare Management Research Center, Chiba University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Healthcare Management Research Center, Chiba University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=acute leukemia kn-keyword=acute leukemia en-keyword=weekend admission kn-keyword=weekend admission en-keyword=in-hospital mortality kn-keyword=in-hospital mortality en-keyword=bio-clean room kn-keyword=bio-clean room END