検索結果 24933 件
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41650 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the Initial Stage of Systemic Transformation into a Market Economy : The Case of Azerbaijan |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_129_149.pdf |
| 著者 | 源河 朝典| |
| 抄録 | Azerbaijan, oil-rich country along the shore of the Caspian Sea and one ofthe fifteen republics ofthe former Soviet Union, has been paid little attention from the Japanese academic world of economic researches. After the collapse ofthe Soviet Union, Azerbaijan had been suffering from the war with Armenia on Nagorno-Karabakh, the conflict in Chechenya of Russia, domestic political unstability, high rapid inflation and the sharp decrease of production. The close of the boundary by Russia deepend further the economic crisis. It was the most urgent need for Azerbaijan to launch the establishment of the new state regime, a macro-economic satabilization and economic structural reforms. But it was almost impossible for Azerbaijan because of the war with Armenia. After six year war, in 1995, Azerbaijan launched a macro-economic satabilization and it's result is impressive in the suppression of inflation. But structural economic reforms have been stagnating in privatization, agriculture and enterprise restructuring, and production decrease has been continuing. In 1996, the structural economic reform program has started. Now, Azerbaijan is standing on the initial stage of the systemic transformation into a market economy. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 129 |
| 終了ページ | 149 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129854 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41649 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | The Credit Squeeze of 1973 after the Oil Crisis |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_103_127.pdf |
| 著者 | 一ノ瀬 篤| |
| 抄録 | Following another paper of mine* devoted to the analysis of the credit sqeeze in 1973 before the Oil Crisis, this paper deals with the developement of the sqeeze after the Oil Crisis. The main purpose is to compare the analysis of this paper with that of The Hundred Years of the Bank of Japan, vol. 6 (1986). Main concluding remarks are as follows. 1 The recession after the Oil Crisis is mainly due to both the shrinkage of real-term consumption as the natural result of rapid inflation and the decline of willingness to invest. The latter, the decline of investment, is due to the anxiety about the high-cost of oil and the difficulty to secure it. The Hundred Years does not mention the above. 2 The Hundred Years discusses only little about the effect of the reversed exchange control policy upon the improvement of overall balance of payments, whereas this paper attaches great importance to the mixed effect of reversed exchange control since Nov. 1973 and the raising of the Bank Rate by 2% in Dec. 1973. 3 As to the reason why the 9% Bank Rate had been maintained until April 1975, this paper infers, with a few indirect evidences, that it was necessary for the Bank, particularly, to retain, for some time, short- term foreign capital in the hands of foreign exchange banks to tide over the foreign currency reserves crisis since the fourth quarter of 1973. With regards to this question, The Hundred Years stresses only the significance of maintaining 9% to bring rapid inflation to a close. It does not mention the relation between the keeping of 9% and the international movement of money capital. *Atsushi Ichinose, The Credit Squeeze of 1973 before the Oil Crisis, Shikoku Gakuin Shakaikagaku Nenshi (Journal of Social Science), No 6,1996 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 103 |
| 終了ページ | 127 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129853 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41648 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | International Mal-adjustments and Japan's Protracted Lower Growth in 1990 s |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_079_102.pdf |
| 著者 | 建部 和弘| |
| 抄録 | After temporally large decreasing in the early '90 s, current account imbalances abruptly had increased again above a hundred billion US dollars (yearly base) from 1993 to 1995 both in Japan (surpluses) and the United States (deficits). There have been some controversies over the cases of those imbalances among academic circles and some economists in economic think-tanks. One of the controversies is about a theoretical macro-balance. Those concerning long-term equilibrium approach emphasise structural factors on domestic gap between saving and investment balance of both the United States and Japan. On the contrary, those concerning short-term balance approach claim that external imbalances have been affected by short-term fluctuating factors, especially by the differential of both countries' economic growth. In line with the latter approach, this paper introduces a new concept of 'international mal-adjustments' on explaining about the problem of such external imbalances. From the viewpoint of a realistic approach, intractable large-scale current account imbalances (more than two percentages of GDP) of both Japan and the United States in recent years had been complained and claimed to be corrected by some important policy changes of both countries under the leadership of Clinton' administration since its inauguration in 1993. International mal-adjustments has been bringing big monetary and economic problems, in particular to Japanese economy. This paper depicts such problems as yen's super appreciation and Japan's protracted zero or one percent economic growth in recent years. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 79 |
| 終了ページ | 102 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129852 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41647 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On Multiperiod Policy Implementation Model |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_059_078.pdf |
| 著者 | 藤本 利躬| |
| 抄録 | It is intended here to investigate the basic structures and functions of the so-called "reputation" regime of macroeconomic policy-making by making use of a simple macro-model as composed of aggregate Lucas-type supply and ordinary demand functions in a familiar static framework of two targets and one policy instrument. The regime is conceived as one of many possible compromises between commitment and discretion, possible in a multi-period setting of the intrinsically static model, and the private sector's way of rational expectations is shown to be decisive in what reputation regime is concretely effected as a substitute for unrealistic commitment. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 59 |
| 終了ページ | 78 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129851 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41645 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Statistics and Measurement Theory : Credibility versus Validity |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_4_001_028.pdf |
| 著者 | 杉森 滉一| |
| 抄録 | The main types and characteristics of the validity about the social research data are outlined, emphasizing the philosophical isuues which underpin this concept. A distinction is drawn between the content validity and other two types of validity. The social background of the validity is then analysed which indicates pragmatic and positivistic formulations marked at the period of growth of the idea "validity". The logical background is also analysed which demonstrates characteristics almost proper to social research data in which a concept corresponds to (at least) several total indicators or measures, in contrast with other sorts of data (statistics, for example) in which a concept corresponds to an unique indic ator or to several partial indicators. The question is raised as to whether it is possible to use the validity in order to examine measurements errors in economic statistics. The conclusion is affimative to the extent to which a philosophical launderring can be performed and "one concept - several total indicators" data can be found in economic statistics. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1997-03-10 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 1 |
| 終了ページ | 28 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129849 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41644 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | "lkken Kuchigaki Utsushi" by Gisuke, 1837 |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_167_198.pdf |
| 著者 | 神立 春樹| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 167 |
| 終了ページ | 198 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129847 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41642 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the Matting Industry from the Middle Meiji Era to the Taisho Era |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_107_135.pdf |
| 著者 | 神立 春樹| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 107 |
| 終了ページ | 135 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129845 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41641 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Joint Products and the Equal Division Rule of Embodied Labour |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_095_105.pdf |
| 著者 | 和田 豊| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 95 |
| 終了ページ | 105 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129844 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41640 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_087_093.pdf |
| 著者 | 藤本 喬雄| |
| 抄録 | In this note, an abstract setting for discussing comparative statics in the large is presented to give a necessary and sufficient condition for the first Hicksian law to hold. This condition is gradually tranformed to the one through which we are able to see clearly the power of a theorem due to Gale and Nikaido. This theorem has been overlooked probably because it apparently does not involve the two systems to be compared. Moreover the condition for the theorem to be valid also guarantees the uniqueness of a solution to the equation systems under consideration. Some comments are also given to a recent contribution by T. Shiomura. His method of proof is based upon an advanced homotopy approach for fixed point algorithm. One important consequence of his results is that imperfect stability is enough to establish the first Hicksian law in general equilibrium models. This may, however, be shown using elementary calculus. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 87 |
| 終了ページ | 93 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129843 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41639 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the Rural Community Finance and the Economic Recover Plans after the Economic Crisis of Shôwa |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_061_086.pdf |
| 著者 | 坂本 忠次| |
| 抄録 | This paper treats economic and social changes of the rural community of Odacounty in Okayama prefecture after the economic crisis of shôwa. In the 1930's, the serious agricultural crisis and economic stagnation continued in the rural areas of Japan. In order to recover from the crisis, the Saito Cabinet (Minister of Finance, Mr. Takahashi) took a measure of spending policy (this finance was called 'Takahashi Zaisei'). The special budget which was called 'Jikyoku-Kyoukyu-Jigyo Yosan' was cut off after three years, because of the increasing expenditures for the Manshu-War and of the shortage of government revenue. Therefore the plan of the economic recovery of the rural communities which had no support from the government was newly established. We investigated the agricultural crisis and local finance of Odacounty in Okayama prefecture, and we have found that 'Jikyoku-Kyoukyu-Jigyo Yosan' of Kasaoka town in Odacounty was also broken down after only two years. We show that the plans of the economic reconstruction of the towns and villages in this county were introduced, and that the plans with no financial support from the central government changed into spiritual, educational and enlightening movements through these crisis. As a result, the small farmers in this county fell into the fascism movement. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 61 |
| 終了ページ | 86 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129842 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41638 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_047_060.pdf |
| 著者 | 山本 清| |
| 抄録 | Government auditing has been moving to the international harmonisation because of an increase in public accountability and the activities ofthe International Organisation of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI). Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) in developed countries are, however, fairly different in functions and influence on the government. This paper focuses on these differences and shows they have been caused by each SAI's rational behaviour for its clients. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 47 |
| 終了ページ | 60 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129841 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41637 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the Features of Chinese Ex-Students Who Studied and Are Employed in Japan |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_029_045.pdf |
| 著者 | 岡 益巳| 深田 博己| |
| 抄録 | We have made a series of researches on the problems of Chinese students who want to obtain employment in Japan. Oka & Fukada [1994 a] tried to clarify the factors in decision-making of Chinese college students to get ajob in Japan, and our former study in 1996 examined the differences of consciousness between the students who want to work in China and those who want to work in Japan. In this study, we try to reveal the features of Chinese ex-students who studied in Japanese higher educational institutes, and have already had a job in Japan. Their features are found by comparing these exstudents with Chinese college students, vocational school students and Japanese language school students respectively. This paper has revealed that Chinese ex-students have better feeling towards the life in Japan and have more close Japanese friends than vocational or language school students have. These two factors are, however, not remarkable between ex-students and college students. These two are not decisive enough to induce Chinese students to get employed in Japan. Our present study has also clarified that only 23% of the Chinese exstudents want to stay long in Japan, while a certain research shows that more than half of the Chinese students who wish to get a job here want to work for more than ten years. We guess that the severer circumstances of the Japanese economy than they had originally expected have deprived many ex-students of their desire to keep on working in Japan. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 29 |
| 終了ページ | 45 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129840 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41636 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | An Overture to the Study of Policy Implementation Model |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_3_001_027.pdf |
| 著者 | 藤本 利躬| |
| 抄録 | The paper investigates such basic policy-making regimes as simple rules, commitments and discretion, and some compromises on them such as rules with escape clauses and so on in a familiar static framework of two targets and one policy instrument, with an intention of making it as an overture to the study of Ragnar Frisch's theory of economic policy, especially his policy implelmentation model as the qualitative policy model. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-12-05 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 1 |
| 終了ページ | 27 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129839 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41630 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | On the Agriculture of Fukui Prefecture in Meiji 21 nen Nouji chosa (Survey of Agriculture in 1888) |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_2_189_209.pdf |
| 著者 | 神立 春樹| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-08-28 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 2号 |
| 開始ページ | 189 |
| 終了ページ | 209 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129832 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41629 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Memories of MS-DOS(2) |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_2_177_188.pdf |
| 著者 | 藤本 喬雄| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-08-28 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 2号 |
| 開始ページ | 177 |
| 終了ページ | 188 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129831 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41628 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Changes of Industrial Situation of Saitama Prefecture 1888～1919 |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_2_161_176.pdf |
| 著者 | 神立 春樹| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-08-28 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 2号 |
| 開始ページ | 161 |
| 終了ページ | 176 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129830 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41627 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | An Institutionalist Approach to Liberaliam (1) |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_2_143_160.pdf |
| 著者 | 稲葉 振一郎| |
| 抄録 | The aim of this paper is to present a new way of theorizing liberalist political / social doctrines. Formerly, most supporters of liberalism have constructed their political / social theories on the base of "methodological individualism". But here I try to found a discriptive / normative theory of liberal societies on the ground ofa sort of "wholism". A main idea of this paper is to conceptualize "personhood" as one type of institutions. I define "institution" as a expected pattern of actions, or a system of rules of conducts, and see "person" as the special type of institution, the institution enacted by one physical humane individual. And I make a thoretical modell of liberal society as a band of different types of institutions. In this modell, "person" is not a sort of "social atom", but have a very specific functioning. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-08-28 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 2号 |
| 開始ページ | 143 |
| 終了ページ | 160 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129829 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41626 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Labour-values of Joint Products in the Analysis of Unequal Exchange ofEmbodied Labour |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_2_127_142.pdf |
| 著者 | 和田 豊| |
| 抄録 | According to the standard version ofthe labour theory of value, labourvalue of a product is defined as the social average of the amounts of labour embodied in the homogeneous products on the supposition that the scale of the production is appropriate to the social demand for the products. In case of joint products, the amount of labour directly and indirectly necessary for their production needs to be divided among individual joint products before calculating the average. In the labour division, the composition of demands for heterogeneous joint products must be considered because it will be different from the composition of the products which is fundamentally determined by the technical relations of production. The labour division among joint products, therefore; is understandable through two logical phases. First, without any consideration for the gap between demand and production peculiar to joint products, the amount of labour necessary for production is divided equally among categories of homogeneous joint products. Second, the division of necessary labour is modified by the consideration for the gap. The labour divided into unsold products is divided again among other joint products sold in higher proportions to production because the former are the useless by-products of the latter. The amount of labour commanded by each joint product may be further deviated from the average of its embodied labour after the modification. Labour-values of joint products should include the part of deviations which reflects the reduction of the gap at the markets. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-08-28 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 2号 |
| 開始ページ | 127 |
| 終了ページ | 142 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129837 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41625 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_2_099_126.pdf |
| 著者 | Rauck, Michael| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-08-28 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 2号 |
| 開始ページ | 99 |
| 終了ページ | 126 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129828 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41624 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Political-bureaucratic relationships in Japan and the UK |
| フルテキストURL | oer_028_2_039_097.pdf |
| 著者 | 山本 清| |
| 抄録 | Political-bureaucratic relationships and bureaucrat's roles are major public concern in Japan. Senior bureaucrats, who decided on many policy issues on behalf of politicians under the people's high confidence, successively failed the treatments for housing loan companies, HIV's infection and FBR's incident etc. since 1995. However political-bureaucratic role relations are never clearly divided into two parts, policy and administration. Senior bureaucrats inevitably take part in policy making process owing to comlexity and professionalization in policy making. They need to have political tolerance, programmatic commitment, democratic sensibilities and acceptance of the concept of ministerial responsibility in cabinet government system. Therefore, this research focuses on the attitudinal orientation held toward various dimentions of their work in Kasumigaseki and Whitehall. The study compares Japanese bureaucrats' attitudes toward political-bureaucratic relationships with UK's in the same system. By principal component analysis of their responses to the written questionnaire, two significant different components are indentified; the first is accountability to ministers and the second is discretion in policy making. The analysis shows that Japanese bureaucrats are lass accountable to their ministers than UK's, while they have more discretion in policy making. Finally some recommendations are made about the reform of Japanese civil service system by considering these findings. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 1996-08-28 |
| 巻 | 28巻 |
| 号 | 2号 |
| 開始ページ | 39 |
| 終了ページ | 97 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129827 |