start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260421 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Plasma Protein Analysis for Biomarker Discovery in Lung Cancer Treated With Atezolizumab Combination Therapy in J-TAIL-2 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=J-TAIL-2 evaluated the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab, an anti?programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), plus chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) in Japanese clinical practice, demonstrating comparable outcomes to those in the corresponding Phase 3 trials. Although PD-L1 expression is predictive of atezolizumab efficacy in some settings, additional minimally invasive, blood-based biomarkers are needed. This exploratory biomarker study included 359?J-TAIL-2 patients. The NSCLC cohort received atezolizumab combined with carboplatin and nab-paclitaxel (CnP, n?=?42), cisplatin/carboplatin and pemetrexed (n?=?72), or bevacizumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel (bev?+?CP, n?=?135). The ES-SCLC cohort received atezolizumab plus carboplatin and etoposide (n?=?100). Approximately 560 cancer- or immune-related proteins were evaluated using the Proximity Extension Assay from blood plasma collected at three timepoints: baseline, before the second atezolizumab dose, and at the onset of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Protein-wise comparisons were made to evaluate significant changes (P??0.5 log2 fold change) and linked to clinical outcomes reported in J-TAIL-2. IL-6, MUC-16, and KRT-19 were associated with shorter progression-free survival across multiple regimens. Granzyme A and B, immune activation markers, were elevated in responders who received atezolizumab + CnP and atezolizumab + bev?+?CP. High levels of baseline immune stimulation proteins were associated with irAEs across regimens. Protein expression changes were varied and regimen-dependent in subgroup analyses including older patients and those with EGFR-mutant tumors. These data warrant further investigation across different cancer types and atezolizumab-containing regimens to determine their relevance to efficacy and irAE occurrence of atezolizumab combination therapy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GotoYasushi en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishioMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishio en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsoegawaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Osoegawa en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiEiki en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraHideharu en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuJunichi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyauchiEisaku en-aut-sei=Miyauchi en-aut-mei=Eisaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaHiroshige en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoIchiro en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisumiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Misumi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeYasutaka en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatakamiNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Katakami en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KisoharaAkira en-aut-sei=Kisohara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiMasafumi en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurokiHirotaka en-aut-sei=Kuroki en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoMasamichi en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Masamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=AshimuraHisao en-aut-sei=Ashimura en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMisa en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Misa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=GemmaAkihiko en-aut-sei=Gemma en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Data Science, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Medical Oncology Takarazuka City Hospital Takarazuka Japan kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kasukabe Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Nippon Medical School kn-affil= en-keyword=atezolizumab kn-keyword=atezolizumab en-keyword=biomarker kn-keyword=biomarker en-keyword=non-small cell lung cancer kn-keyword=non-small cell lung cancer en-keyword=plasma protein kn-keyword=plasma protein en-keyword=small cell lung cancer kn-keyword=small cell lung cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=4-5 article-no= start-page=e70061 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Computer‐Aided Sperm Analysis Protocol for Evaluating Sperm Motility in Japanese Medaka en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Changes in sperm motility can serve as an early indicator of reproductive effects caused by environmental chemicals or genetic perturbations. However, sperm motility is highly sensitive to external factors such as osmolarity, ionic composition, and the timing of measurement after activation, making it challenging to obtain consistent and reproducible measurements. Here, we present a standardized protocol for assessing sperm motility in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) using a sperm motility analysis system (SMAS), an application for computer-aided sperm motility analysis (CASA). This protocol details the procedures for sperm collection, activation, and quantitative motility assessment, with particular focus on changes in the percentage of motile sperm post activation and the effects of sperm cryopreservation. We demonstrate time-dependent declines in sperm motility and velocity, and highlight the importance of early post-activation measurements to accurately capture peak motility. Notably, cryopreservation significantly accelerated the decline in sperm motility rate without affecting the initial proportion of motile sperm. To enable reliable comparisons among experimental groups, we recommend standardizing the initiation time after sperm activation by using CASA, and show that measurements should be initiated within 1?min after activation to obtain consistent and reliable data. This standardized SMAS-based protocol provides a robust and reproducible framework for sperm motility analysis in medaka and will be valuable not only for studies in reproductive biology, toxicology, and environmental risk assessment but also for applied research, such as breeding of aquacultural fishes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroyanagiMiwa en-aut-sei=Kuroyanagi en-aut-mei=Miwa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnsaiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Ansai en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoKeigo en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoAi en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiTouko en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Touko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KameiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kamei en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeEiji en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaruseKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Naruse en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OginoYukiko en-aut-sei=Ogino en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Advanced Aquaculture Science, Faculty of Marine Bioscience and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Interuniversity Bio-Backup Project Center, National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB) kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institutes of Natural Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Optics and Bioimaging Facility, NIBB kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Basic Biology Program, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institutes of Natural Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= en-keyword=computer-aided sperm motility analysis (CASA) kn-keyword=computer-aided sperm motility analysis (CASA) en-keyword=medaka kn-keyword=medaka en-keyword=sperm motility kn-keyword=sperm motility en-keyword=sperm motility analysis system (SMAS) kn-keyword=sperm motility analysis system (SMAS) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Classification of hypotony maculopathy based on optical coherence tomography findings and risk factors for visual outcomes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose To classify hypotony maculopathy (HM) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings and to investigate the associations among morphological types, clinical factors, and visual outcomes.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed 60 eyes that developed HM after trabeculectomy. HM was classified according to the distribution and configuration of chorioretinal undulations on OCT B-scans. Between-group comparisons were performed, and factors associated with the morphological classification and logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 3 months after HM onset (3-month BCVA) were determined.
Results HM was classified into three OCT-based types by categorizing chorioretinal undulations as folds (U-shaped troughs) or spikes (V-shaped troughs): Type 1, folds only on vertical scans; Type 2, folds on both vertical and horizontal scans; Type 3, folds on both scans, with spikes. Axial length in Type 3 was significantly longer than that in Type 2 (P?=?0.034). Subfoveal choroidal thickness was significantly thinner in Type 3 than in Types 1 and 2 (both P? Conclusions In HM following TLE, chorioretinal spikes and preoperative BCVA are significantly associated with the 3-month BCVA. In HM, a thin subfoveal choroid ( Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study on 46 patients with advanced or metastatic sRCC receiving first-line ICI-based combination therapy between January 2018 and December 2024 (IO-IO: n =?18; IO-TKI: n =?28). In a comparative survival analysis, three favorable-risk patients in the IO-TKI group were excluded to align risk profiles, focusing on intermediate/poor-risk groups (n =?43). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).
Results: In the entire cohort (n =?46), the objective response rate was numerically higher in the IO-TKI group (64.3%) than in the IO-IO group (50.0%) (p =?0.37). In the comparative analysis of intermediate/poor-risk patients (n =?43), progression-free survival (PFS) was slightly longer (p =?0.071), and OS was significantly longer (p =?0.016) in the IO-TKI group than in the IO-IO group. A multivariable analysis adjusted for IMDC risk categories showed favorable survival with the IO-TKI regimen (HR 0.37, p =?0.061).
Conclusions: The present study indicates that first-line IO-TKI combination therapy represents a promising treatment option with a potential survival advantage over IO-IO therapy for Japanese patients with sRCC. However, due to the retrospective design and small sample size, reliably determining the comparative efficacy of these regimens remains challenging, and further validation is warranted. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TamuraKeita en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushitaYuto en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHiromitsu en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hiromitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagisawaTakafumi en-aut-sei=Yanagisawa en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorinakaHirofumi en-aut-sei=Morinaka en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=BekkuKensuke en-aut-sei=Bekku en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaShingo en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NukayaTakuhisa en-aut-sei=Nukaya en-aut-mei=Takuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaenosonoRyoichi en-aut-sei=Maenosono en-aut-mei=Ryoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomuraKazumasa en-aut-sei=Komura en-aut-mei=Kazumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaKazutoshi en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Kazutoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaharaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Takahara en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=AzumaHaruhito en-aut-sei=Azuma en-aut-mei=Haruhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=InamotoTeruo en-aut-sei=Inamoto en-aut-mei=Teruo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Fujita-Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Urology, Fujita-Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=dual immunotherapy kn-keyword=dual immunotherapy en-keyword=immune checkpoint inhibitor kn-keyword=immune checkpoint inhibitor en-keyword=immunotherapy plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor kn-keyword=immunotherapy plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor en-keyword=sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma kn-keyword=sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=BSR20260010 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tubulogenesis of bovine uterine glands by epidermal growth factor and collagen I in 3D culture systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Uterine glands are endometrial exocrine epithelia that support early embryo development. Their secretions are particularly essential for conceptus elongation in cattle. Uterine glands develop from the luminal epithelium and elongate into the stromal layer toward the myometrium. This process is regulated by growth factors, WNT proteins, and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM); however, the precise mechanisms that govern bovine uterine gland morphogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we determined how these signaling factors and ECM components affect the tubular formation of bovine uterine gland fragments in 3D culture systems. Uterine gland fragments were enzymatically isolated from bovine endometria and 3D-cultured in Matrigel with or without growth factors (EGF, FGF1, FGF2, FGF7, FGF10, and IGF-1) and WNT (WNT3A, WNT5A, and WNT7A) proteins. Of these, only EGF stimulated the elongation of uterine gland fragments and eventually induced the formation of uterine gland-like structures. EGF-induced tubulogenesis was accompanied by a rapid increase in cell proliferation and alterations in cell?ECM interactions. The supplementation of collagen I with Matrigel further promoted the elongation of the tubular structures. Although the addition of collagen I did not alter the gene expression profiles of the uterine gland-like structures, the integrin-ROCK pathway contributed to the collagen-induced enhancement of elongation. Our findings clarified that EGF and collagen I, but not FGFs, IGF-1, or WNTs, are key regulators for the tubular formation of 3D-cultured bovine uterine gland fragments. This 3D culture system provides a new platform to examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying bovine uterine gland morphogenesis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuginoYosuke en-aut-sei=Sugino en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchikawaRei en-aut-sei=Ichikawa en-aut-mei=Rei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuyamaShuichi en-aut-sei=Matsuyama en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYuki en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawanoKohei en-aut-sei=Kawano en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraKoji en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=3D cell culture kn-keyword=3D cell culture en-keyword=bovine, collagen I kn-keyword=bovine, collagen I en-keyword=epidermal growth factor kn-keyword=epidermal growth factor en-keyword=tubular structure kn-keyword=tubular structure en-keyword=uterine gland kn-keyword=uterine gland END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260426 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=What Is the Pterygomandibular Raphe? A Confluence of Fasciae Rather Than a Discrete Structure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The pterygomandibular raphe (PMR) has traditionally been described as a fibrous or tendinous band connecting the bucinator (BM) and superior pharyngeal constrictor (SPCM) muscles. However, recent evidence has questioned its existence. This study aimed to reevaluate the anatomy of the pterygomandibular region by preserving fascial continuity and examining the relationships among adjacent muscles and connective tissues. Twenty-five sides from formalin-fixed cadaveric heads were examined. Twenty sides underwent macroscopic dissection under a surgical microscope, and five sides were sectioned axially and analyzed histologically using Masson's trichrome staining to assess muscle?fascia continuity. The buccopharyngeal fascia (BpF) adhered tightly to the posterolateral surface of the BM. A ligament-like bundle observed between the BM and medial pterygoid muscle corresponded to an artificial continuation of the BpF created by dissection. Axial sections revealed that the BpF, masseteric, and temporalis fasciae converged anteriorly on the lateral surface of the BM, while posteriorly, the BpF and temporalis fascia also merged, forming a confluence of fasciae. No discrete tendinous or ligamentous PMR was identified. The so-called PMR represents a dissection artifact rather than a true anatomical structure. These findings emphasize the importance of preserving fascial relationships and using precise terminology in anatomical and clinical contexts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwanagaJoe en-aut-sei=Iwanaga en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamaShion en-aut-sei=Hama en-aut-mei=Shion kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukinoKeiko en-aut-sei=Fukino en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikutaShogo en-aut-sei=Kikuta en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HurMi‐Sun en-aut-sei=Hur en-aut-mei=Mi‐Sun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=CespedesMaria Cristina Manzanares en-aut-sei=Cespedes en-aut-mei=Maria Cristina Manzanares kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhyamaYoshio en-aut-sei=Ohyama en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkashiMasaya en-aut-sei=Akashi en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomuneNoritaka en-aut-sei=Komune en-aut-mei=Noritaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamochiHideaki en-aut-sei=Kamochi en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit. Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=anatomy kn-keyword=anatomy en-keyword=bucinator kn-keyword=bucinator en-keyword=connective tissue kn-keyword=connective tissue en-keyword=dentistry kn-keyword=dentistry en-keyword=fascia kn-keyword=fascia en-keyword=masticatory muscles kn-keyword=masticatory muscles en-keyword=oral surgery kn-keyword=oral surgery en-keyword=pharynx kn-keyword=pharynx END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=73466 end-page=73478 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Construction of a Lightweight Simulation Environment Based on Topological Mapping en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Autonomous mobile robots require safe and efficient environmental representations for traversability-aware navigation and learning. In particular, self-learning of traversability from real-world driving experience can require robots to operate near the limits of their mobility, which introduces physical risks such as falls, malfunctions, or hardware damage. To provide a safer complementary environment for such validation and future learning, this paper proposes ATC-Mesh. This framework constructs a lightweight, simulation-ready mesh environment from the topological map produced by Adaptive Resonance Theory-based Topological Clustering with Different Topologies (ATC-DT) using high-density LiDAR point clouds. Unlike standard mesh reconstruction methods that directly process dense point clouds, ATC-Mesh generates a compact mesh from the node?edge structure of the topological map while preserving traversability attributes associated with the topological map. Experiments using two real-world LiDAR datasets show that ATC-Mesh achieves competitive mesh-construction quality compared with standard baseline methods while reducing construction time and mesh size. Gazebo experiments further show that the generated meshes can support waypoint-based navigation with a low simulation load. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoYukinaga en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Yukinaga kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TodaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Toda en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsunoTakayuki en-aut-sei=Matsuno en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Autonomous mobile robot kn-keyword=Autonomous mobile robot en-keyword=topological map kn-keyword=topological map en-keyword=digital twin kn-keyword=digital twin END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=183 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=156163 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photochemical oxidative synthesis of carboxylic acids from aldehydes or alcohols with water via CH bromination en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The photoinduced oxidation of aldehydes or alcohols with water to give the corresponding carboxylic acids is described. This photochemical carboxylation proceeds via the in-situ generation of acyl-bromide intermediates upon irradiation with purple or UV LED light; these intermediates subsequently react with water to give the desired carboxylic acids. This mild photochemical reaction affords diverse carboxylic acids without peroxide generation or the need to use transition-metal catalysts and a stoichiometric amount of base, highlighting its potential utility for the synthesis of natural products and bioactive compounds. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=El-kholanyMohamed R. en-aut-sei=El-kholany en-aut-mei=Mohamed R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoAtsuya en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Atsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FalconeMorgane en-aut-sei=Falcone en-aut-mei=Morgane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamuraHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Takamura en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadotaIsao en-aut-sei=Kadota en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKenta en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Carboxylation kn-keyword=Carboxylation en-keyword=Photochemical synthesis kn-keyword=Photochemical synthesis en-keyword=Csingle bondH bromination kn-keyword=Csingle bondH bromination en-keyword=Water kn-keyword=Water END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Switchable photoluminescence of europium(iii) complexes with chromonylhydrazones en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Europium(III) complexes bearing 4-hydroxy- or 4-methyl-N′-((6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)methylene)benzohydrazide (HL1 or HL2) showed characteristic EuIII 5D0 → 7FJ (J = 0?4) luminescence both in acetonitrile and in solid states with relatively high Φtot values. The luminescence was quenched not only by adding triethylamine in acetonitrile, but also by heating the solid sample, and recovered by adding perchloric acid in solution or by diffusion of HCl vapor to the resulting solid sample. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KameiAsahi en-aut-sei=Kamei en-aut-mei=Asahi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoDaisuke en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaharaKazuma en-aut-sei=Takahara en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoseKeito en-aut-sei=Nose en-aut-mei=Keito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoHideki en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaMasaki en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoMasako en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Masako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTakayoshi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Takayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, The University of Osaka kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2026 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=8863202 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Selective ARID1A Loss Restricted to the Undifferentiated Component of a Mismatch Repair‐Deficient Gastric Carcinoma: A Case Report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) gastric carcinomas often harbor ARID1A alteration, but a sharply demarcated undifferentiated/rhabdoid component with selective ARID1A loss is uncommon and may create a diagnostic dilemma. An 80-year-old man underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy for anemia, which revealed a circumferential Borrmann Type 3 lesion in the gastric body, and distal gastrectomy was performed. Histologically, the tumor was composed predominantly of undifferentiated carcinoma with focal rhabdoid features and a minute well-differentiated adenocarcinoma component, with an abrupt transition between the two. Immunohistochemistry showed loss of nuclear MLH1 and PMS2 in both components, whereas loss of ARID1A expression was confined to the undifferentiated component; SMARCB1 (INI1), SMARCA2 (BRM), and SMARCA4 (BRG1) were retained. EBER in situ hybridization was negative. Because gene-level testing, MSI testing, and MLH1 promoter methylation analysis were not performed, the molecular basis of the dMMR phenotype and ARID1A loss could not be determined. The restricted scope of molecular testing limits the ability to draw broad or generalizable conclusions and to fully establish clinicopathological correlations. The value of this report is, therefore, not mechanistic proof but recognition of a practical morphologic-immunophenotypic observation: When a gastric carcinoma shows a sharply demarcated shift from differentiated to undifferentiated/rhabdoid morphology, dMMR should be considered, and selective ARID1A loss in the undifferentiated component may be associated with dedifferentiation. These findings should be interpreted with caution as preliminary, hypothesis-generating observations that require validation in larger studies with more extensive molecular profiling. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OmoteRika en-aut-sei=Omote en-aut-mei=Rika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamanoRyosuke en-aut-sei=Hamano en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaShinya en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakehiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanaiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Yanai en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=ARID1A kn-keyword=ARID1A en-keyword=carcinoma kn-keyword=carcinoma en-keyword=DNA mismatch repair deficiency kn-keyword=DNA mismatch repair deficiency en-keyword=rhabdoid features kn-keyword=rhabdoid features en-keyword=stomach neoplasms kn-keyword=stomach neoplasms en-keyword=SWI/SNF complex kn-keyword=SWI/SNF complex en-keyword=undifferentiated kn-keyword=undifferentiated END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=528 end-page=536 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical complete response and predictive factors in HER2-positive early breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy aimed at omission of surgery: an exploratory analysis of the JCOG1806 trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose The JCOG1806 trial (jRCTs031190129) is underway to evaluate the omission of surgery in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive early breast cancer who have a clinical complete response (cCR) after primary systemic therapy (PST). We aimed to assess the cCR rate in this trial and identify predictive factors.
Methods HER2-positivity was defined as an immunohistochemistry (IHC) score of 3?+?or in situ hybridization-positivity. A cCR was defined as the absence of detectable lesions upon palpation, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography; biopsy-based confirmation was optional in hormone receptor (HR)-negative cases and mandatory in HR-positive cases. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of a cCR.
Results The cCR rate was 57.6% (196/340 patients; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 52.2?63.0%). Strongly estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive tumors (??10%) were significantly less likely to have a cCR than ER-negative tumors (odds ratio [OR], 0.41; 95% CI: 0.20?0.81). IHC 3?+?tumors had higher cCR rates than IHC 1?+?or 2?+?tumors (OR, 2.19; 95% CI: 1.01?4.74). Compared with histological grade I tumors, cCR odds were higher in grade II (OR: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.07?7.93) and III (OR: 4.90; 95% CI: 1.76?13.7) tumors. Among patients without a cCR patients undergoing surgery, 22.2% were diagnosed with ypT0 tumors upon analysis of surgical specimens.
Conclusion ER-negativity, an IHC score of 3?+?, and a higher histological grade were independent predictors of a cCR. Identifying these features may improve the feasibility and safety of surgery omission for patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShigematsuHideo en-aut-sei=Shigematsu en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaTomomi en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Tomomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraFumikata en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Fumikata kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataHiroji en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Hiroji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshibaToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Ishiba en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiYukinori en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Yukinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiTakehiko en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SagaraYasuaki en-aut-sei=Sagara en-aut-mei=Yasuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimomuraAkihiko en-aut-sei=Shimomura en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SudoKazuki en-aut-sei=Sudo en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerataKaori en-aut-sei=Terata en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoYoichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Yoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NozawaKazuki en-aut-sei=Nozawa en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiKeita en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitomeNoriko en-aut-sei=Mitome en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadachiRyo en-aut-sei=Sadachi en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTaro en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Taro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienTadahiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Aichi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Hakuaikai Sagara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=National Center for Global Health and Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Akita University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Breast cancer kn-keyword=Breast cancer en-keyword=Primary systemic therapy kn-keyword=Primary systemic therapy en-keyword=HER2 kn-keyword=HER2 en-keyword=cCR kn-keyword=cCR en-keyword=Omission of surgery kn-keyword=Omission of surgery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=148 end-page=159 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Behavioral effects of a chronic envy-like stress paradigm in mice using an adjacent cage model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Social comparison and envy are significant psychosocial stressors in humans and are known to be involved in the onset and persistence of psychiatric disorders. However, animal models capable of experimentally reproducing the effects of indirect social comparison without physical contact are limited. In this study, we used a newly developed "adjacent-cage paradigm" to investigate whether chronic vicarious exposure to conspecifics in different environments induces envy-like stress in mice.
Methods: Male C57BL/6?N mice served as observers, while demonstrator mice were assigned to one of four conditions: (1) an environment enriched with objects, (2) an igloo, (3) a tube, or (4) social isolation. Observers were continuously exposed to these adjacent cages for 21 days. Subsequently, a comprehensive battery of behavioral tests was conducted to assess general health, anxiety-like behavior, spatial memory, social behavior, and depression-like behavior.
Results: In the objects condition, a decrease in time spent in the light compartment of the light/dark box indicated an increase in anxiety-like behavior. In the isolation condition, the mean duration per social interaction was shortened, suggesting a qualitative change in social behavior. The igloo condition resulted in reduced immobility time in the forced swim test, suggesting a possible alteration in stress coping behavior. Furthermore, increased nociceptive sensitivity was observed in the hot plate test under both the objects and isolation conditions.
Conclusion: Although the envy-like stress paradigm did not affect many behavioral indices, it did cause condition-dependent and limited behavioral changes. This suggests that the paradigm may serve as a novel model for capturing psychological and context-dependent social stress, which differs from conventional physical stress models. Elucidating the neural basis of this paradigm is expected to contribute to the understanding of how social comparison affects mental health in modern society. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UenoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitanoEriko en-aut-sei=Kitano en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYu en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriSachiko en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiShinji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WaniKenta en-aut-sei=Wani en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoYosuke en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoMotoi en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Motoi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= en-keyword=envy-like stress kn-keyword=envy-like stress en-keyword=social comparison kn-keyword=social comparison en-keyword=psychosocial stress kn-keyword=psychosocial stress en-keyword=mouse model kn-keyword=mouse model en-keyword=anxiety-like behavior kn-keyword=anxiety-like behavior END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=44248 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251219 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Post-weaning maternal presence exerts a protective effect against social isolation-induced behavioural alterations in mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Parental “watchful presence” is considered an important factor influencing behavioural and emotional development in offspring across mammalian species, including humans. However, the effects of such parental presence remain insufficiently understood, even in human studies. In laboratory mice, offspring are typically weaned at approximately three weeks of age, leaving the impact of post-weaning maternal presence on behavioural development largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal presence in an adjacent cage after weaning can attenuate behavioural effects of social isolation stress in mice. Furthermore, we sought to assess whether this experimental paradigm could serve as a novel animal model for studying the effects of parental watchful presence, with potential relevance to human parent?child relationship research. Mouse pups were weaned at postnatal day 21 and housed either adjacent to their mother (maternal presence group) or without maternal presence (control group). The pups were subsequently housed either in groups with littermates or individually until eight weeks of age. After maturation, behavioural tests were conducted to assess locomotor activity, anxiety-like behaviour, social behaviour, and depression-like behaviour. In group-housed mice, maternal presence did not influence behavioural outcomes. However, in individually housed mice, maternal presence partially attenuated social isolation-induced behavioural alterations, suggesting a subtle protective effect, including hyperlocomotion, reduced anxiety-like behaviour, and abnormal social interactions. Our findings demonstrate that maternal presence during the post-weaning period can offer a protective effect against certain behavioural abnormalities induced by social isolation stress in mice.　This simple adjacent-cage paradigm provides a novel and practical model for elucidating the impact of parental watchful presence on behavioural and emotional development, offering insights relevant to the understanding of parent?child relationships in humans. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UenoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitanoEriko en-aut-sei=Kitano en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYu en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriSachiko en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiShinji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=WaniKenta en-aut-sei=Wani en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoYosuke en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoMotoi en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Motoi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= en-keyword=Maternal presence kn-keyword=Maternal presence en-keyword=Social isolation kn-keyword=Social isolation en-keyword=Post-weaning period kn-keyword=Post-weaning period en-keyword=Resilience kn-keyword=Resilience en-keyword=Mice kn-keyword=Mice END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=1063 end-page=1074 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260421 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Barriers and facilitators for online genetic care for hereditary cancer in Japan: findings from surveys of both clients and medical professionals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Online genetic care can offer a promising solution to the shortage of qualified medical professionals in genetic medicine, which leads to regional disparities in access. However, despite global adoption, its use in Japan remains limited.
Methods Two questionnaire surveys were conducted to investigate potential needs and barriers regarding online genetic care: one involving 858 medical professionals (738 physicians and 120 genetic counselors or nurses), and the other involving 443 clients who received in-person genetic counseling.
Results Only 14.0% of the medical professionals had experience with online genetic care, although 85.9% of the professionals engaged in cancer genetics were willing to consider providing it in the future. Notably, a discrepancy was found regarding hospital selection: clients prioritized access to specialized medical care, whereas professionals assumed clients valued accessibility for family members. Professionals expressed greater concerns about adequacy of online communication, client environments and internet security. Among clients, 89.1% estimated they would sufficiently understand and accept total content of counseling session if were conducted online. Older age and infrequent internet use were associated with lower acceptance and higher anxiety regarding online methods. Concerns about ability to use the necessary technology affected clients’ willingness to encourage online care for their relatives.
Conclusion Online genetic care shows high potential for client acceptance and can effectively address regional disparities in Japan. To bridge the gap between client needs and professional perceptions and to overcome the digital divide, it is necessary to develop secure, accessible systems and provide education for both patients and healthcare providers. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UenoSayaka en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UrakawaYusaku en-aut-sei=Urakawa en-aut-mei=Yusaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoFumino en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Fumino kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UekiArisa en-aut-sei=Ueki en-aut-mei=Arisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanekoKeika en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Keika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKoji en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugawaraHiromi en-aut-sei=Sugawara en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiSayoko en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Sayoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaReiko en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Reiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakutaMiho en-aut-sei=Kakuta en-aut-mei=Miho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiKiwamu en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Kiwamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraKazuo en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirasawaAkira en-aut-sei=Hirasawa en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Clinical Genetic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Clinical Genetic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Clinical Genetics, Hyogo Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Clinical Genetics, Hyogo Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Saitama Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Center for Genomic Diagnosis, International University of Health and Welfare (IUHW) Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Center for Genomic Diagnosis, International University of Health and Welfare (IUHW) Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Genomic Diagnosis, International University of Health and Welfare (IUHW) Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Hereditary cancer kn-keyword=Hereditary cancer en-keyword=Remote medical care kn-keyword=Remote medical care en-keyword=Barriers to online genetic care kn-keyword=Barriers to online genetic care en-keyword=Facilitators for online genetic care kn-keyword=Facilitators for online genetic care END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=827 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=154001 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Staphylococcus aureus activates dendrite elongation in dendritic cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Dendritic cells (DCs) are thought to extend dendrites to enhance the efficiency of antigen uptake and presentation. We previously reported that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyrate and valerate, promote dendrite extension in DCs. In this study, we found that the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus also induces dendrite extension in DCs and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Dendrite extension in DC2.4?cells was induced not only by live S. aureus but also by heat-killed bacteria and purified peptidoglycan (PGN). DC2.4?cells lacking TLR2 or its adaptor protein MyD88 extend dendrites in response to SCFAs, but failed to extend dendrites in response to S. aureus. Furthermore, inhibitors of ERK, PI3K, and Cdc42 suppressed dendrite extension triggered by S. aureus. Co-stimulation with S. aureus and butyrate enhanced dendrite extension beyond either stimulus alone. DC2.4?cells co-stimulated with S. aureus and butyrate also showed increased uptake of insoluble beads and, upon co-culture with T cells, induced elevated production of IL-17 and IL-10 by T cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that S. aureus activates ERK/PI3K/Cdc42 signaling through TLR2 recognition of PGN to drive dendrite extension in DCs. In addition, S. aureus promotes dendrite extension in DCs via a pathway distinct from that of SCFAs, thereby acting cooperatively with SCFAs to enhance immune responses. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobataKai en-aut-sei=Kobata en-aut-mei=Kai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurutaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Furuta en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkeyaYuki en-aut-sei=Ikeya en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChishakiYohei en-aut-sei=Chishaki en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaKazuya en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaitoChikara en-aut-sei=Kaito en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Staphylococcus aureus kn-keyword=Staphylococcus aureus en-keyword=Dendritic cells kn-keyword=Dendritic cells en-keyword=Dendrite elongation kn-keyword=Dendrite elongation en-keyword=Peptidoglycan: TLR2/MyD88 signaling kn-keyword=Peptidoglycan: TLR2/MyD88 signaling en-keyword=ERK/PI3K/Cdc42 pathway kn-keyword=ERK/PI3K/Cdc42 pathway en-keyword=Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) kn-keyword=Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) en-keyword=Butyrate kn-keyword=Butyrate en-keyword=Host?microbe interactions kn-keyword=Host?microbe interactions en-keyword=Antigen presentation kn-keyword=Antigen presentation en-keyword=T-cell activation kn-keyword=T-cell activation en-keyword=IL-17 kn-keyword=IL-17 en-keyword=IL-10 kn-keyword=IL-10 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=2645 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260313 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Minimal Association Between Immunoglobulin A Coating and Gut Microbiota Alterations Induced by High-Fat Diets with Distinct Fatty Acid Compositions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=High-fat diets (HFDs) containing dietary fats with different fatty acid (FA) compositions alter gut microbiota composition in a fat-source-dependent manner. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and unabsorbed lipids in the distal gut are potential regulators of the gut microbiota. However, their roles in mediating gut microbiota alterations induced by dietary fats with different FA compositions remain unclear. This study aims to examine the associations of these two factors with fat-source-dependent gut microbiota alterations. BALB/c mice were fed a normal diet, a high-lard diet, a high-olive oil diet, or a high-soybean oil diet for 27 weeks. Fecal samples were collected to assess microbiota composition, the IgA coating index (ICI)?which quantifies the extent of IgA coating on gut microbiota?and fecal fatty acid concentrations. At the phylum level, the concentration of fecal total long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) was positively correlated with the relative abundance (RA) of Bacillota and negatively correlated with that of Bacteroidota. In addition, a trend toward a positive association between the RA and the ICI was observed for Bacillota but not for Bacteroidota. At the genus level, the RAs of 12 taxa were positively correlated with fecal LCFA concentrations, whereas those of 6 taxa were negatively correlated. Although the RAs of most taxa appeared to be influenced by unabsorbed lipids and additional factors, only four Bacillota genera exhibited a positive correlation between the RA and the ICI. Our observations suggest that IgA coating of the gut microbiota may have a minimal association with fat-source-specific alterations in gut microbiota composition during HFD intake. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TeraokaMao en-aut-sei=Teraoka en-aut-mei=Mao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinoNaoki en-aut-sei=Nishino en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangTianyang en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Tianyang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenKuiyi en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Kuiyi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=immunoglobulin A kn-keyword=immunoglobulin A en-keyword=high-fat diet kn-keyword=high-fat diet en-keyword=gut microbiota kn-keyword=gut microbiota en-keyword=fatty acid composition kn-keyword=fatty acid composition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=54 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=1319 end-page=1328 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260326 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Institutional Variability in Brain-Dead Organ Donation Processes and Practices: A Multicenter Cohort Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OBJECTIVES: To determine whether key institutional and clinical differences exist between highly and moderately active hospitals in Japan with respect to brain-dead organ donation practices.
DESIGN: Retrospective multicenter cohort study.
SETTING: Sixteen tertiary emergency and critical care centers across Japan.
PATIENTS: All brain-dead organ donors from participating institutions who had at least one organ procured and transplanted between July 17, 2010, and December 31, 2023. Hospitals were categorized as highly active (? 14 donations) or moderately active (? 13 donations) during the study period.
INTERVENTIONS: None.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Institutional donation practices were compared, including donor management strategies, use of vasopressors and corticosteroids, time intervals in the donation process, and frequency of multidisciplinary team meetings. A total of 204 donors were included; the median age was 47 years (interquartile range, 37?56), and 92 (45.1%) were female. Donor characteristics were similar between groups. Vasopressin was used in nearly all donors, though dosing protocols varied. Corticosteroid use was significantly higher in highly active hospitals compared with moderately active ones (58.3% vs. 38.0%; p = 0.004). Time from admission to coordinator notification was similar; however, time to family consent (median, 8 vs. 5 d; p < 0.001) and time to organ procurement (median, 12 vs. 9 d; p = 0.006) were longer in highly active hospitals. These hospitals also conducted more multidisciplinary meetings during donor management (median, 2 vs. 0; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Highly active hospitals demonstrated more intensive donor management practices, longer timeframes for key donation steps, and greater multidisciplinary engagement. Standardization of donation practices may enhance efficiency and support broader dissemination of effective institutional strategies to improve brain-dead organ donation rates in Japan. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaMineji en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Mineji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoboriShoji en-aut-sei=Yokobori en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaKei en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsumiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Atsumi en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TasakiOsamu en-aut-sei=Tasaki en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurukiriJunya en-aut-sei=Tsurukiri en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayamizuMariko en-aut-sei=Hayamizu en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurahashiShimon en-aut-sei=Murahashi en-aut-mei=Shimon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiMunehiro en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Munehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraTakeshi en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoYukari en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Yukari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=NarumiyaHiromichi en-aut-sei=Narumiya en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizutaniAtsushi en-aut-sei=Mizutani en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyajimaMamoru en-aut-sei=Miyajima en-aut-mei=Mamoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimazakiJunya en-aut-sei=Shimazaki en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraTakeshi en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimaNozomu en-aut-sei=Shima en-aut-mei=Nozomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=DeuchiKazuki en-aut-sei=Deuchi en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayasuHitomi en-aut-sei=Nakayasu en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoHitoshi en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=Japan Comprehensive Process for End-of-Life Care and Organ Donation after Brain Death (J-RESPECT) study group en-aut-sei=Japan Comprehensive Process for End-of-Life Care and Organ Donation after Brain Death (J-RESPECT) study group en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Acute and Critical Care Center, Nagasaki University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Acute and Critical Care Center, Nagasaki University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hyogo Emergency Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Hamamatsu Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Center, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=brain death kn-keyword=brain death en-keyword=critical illness kn-keyword=critical illness en-keyword=decision-making kn-keyword=decision-making en-keyword=organ transplantation kn-keyword=organ transplantation en-keyword=patient care kn-keyword=patient care END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=52641 end-page=52653 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Programmable Clock Distribution Using Switching Matrices for Field Programmable Gate Arrays en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Every digital systems using very large scale integration require clock distributions, for which a dedicated clock tree or a mesh clock is frequently used. Field programmable gate arrays have numerous general-purpose programmable wires based on switching matrices to connect the outputs and inputs of look-up tables and input?output ports. However, field programmable gate arrays never use numerous general-purpose programmable wires for their clock distributions to satisfy the clock skew margin similarly to very large scale integrations. Field programmable gate arrays also use dedicated clock trees, although their programmability is not high. Currently, field programmable gate arrays can support multiple dedicated clock routing or multiple clock trees. Unfortunately, the number of clock trees is fixed. They remain limited to a small number. Even if an application requires many clock distributions, such a clock distribution cannot be supported in current field programmable gate arrays. This paper therefore presents a proposal of a more flexible clock distribution method based on wiring channels and switching matrices. The method uses general-purpose programmable wires. In addition, to resolve clock skew increase difficulties, we have introduced a new flip-flop with a two-phase clock signal. This paper presents simulation results obtained using the proposed clock distribution method on an originally designed field programmable gate array. In addition, experimentally obtained results indicate that the proposed clock distribution method can function correctly on a Cyclone V field programmable gate array. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OguraAyumu en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Ayumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMinoru en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeNobuya en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Nobuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Clock distribution kn-keyword=Clock distribution en-keyword=field programmable gate array (FPGA) kn-keyword=field programmable gate array (FPGA) en-keyword=programmable device kn-keyword=programmable device en-keyword=two-phase clock kn-keyword=two-phase clock END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=496 end-page=502 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260314 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bortezomib Induces Apoptosis via Upregulation of Abhd4 in Peripheral Nerve Cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bortezomib, a first-in-class proteasome inhibitor, is widely used to treat multiple myeloma and other hematological malignancies. Despite its therapeutic efficacy, bortezomib causes peripheral neuropathy (PN) in approximately 20?30% of patients, often leading to dose reduction or discontinuation. Preventive or therapeutic approaches to bortezomib-induced PN are currently unavailable, as its precise mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we compared the effects of bortezomib and the second-generation proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib on peripheral nerve cells to identify candidate molecules involved in PN development. Transcriptome profiling of differentiated F11 cells, a hybridoma of a rat embryonic dorsal root ganglion and mouse neuroblastoma cell line N18TG2, revealed that bortezomib selectively upregulated α/β-hydrolase containing domain 4 (Abhd4), whereas carfilzomib did not. This finding was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting, which demonstrated consistent increases in Abhd4 mRNA and protein levels following bortezomib treatment. Functional analysis further revealed that Abhd4 overexpression promoted early apoptosis, suggesting a mechanistic link between bortezomib-induced Abhd4 elevation and neuronal vulnerability. Therefore, these results suggest that Abhd4 represents a candidate molecular signature associated with bortezomib-induced PN. Although further in vivo validation is needed, these findings warrant further investigation of Abhd4 as a potential contributor to bortezomib-induced PN. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonishiYusuke en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmuraTomohiro en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IjichiTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ijichi en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiguchiHiroki en-aut-sei=Nishiguchi en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaRyunosuke en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Ryunosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitahiroYumi en-aut-sei=Kitahiro en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoharaKotaro en-aut-sei=Itohara en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoIkuko en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Ikuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Kobe Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Integrated Clinical and Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=bortezomib kn-keyword=bortezomib en-keyword=carfilzomib kn-keyword=carfilzomib en-keyword=peripheral neuropathy kn-keyword=peripheral neuropathy en-keyword=multiple myeloma kn-keyword=multiple myeloma en-keyword=proteasome inhibitor kn-keyword=proteasome inhibitor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=407 end-page=414 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251230 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Impact of Polymeric Formula on Outcomes in Robotic Pancreatectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Aim: Evidence regarding the benefits of nutritional therapy after robotic pancreatectomy is limited. This randomized controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects of a polymeric formula (PF) on preventing body weight loss (BWL) following robotic pancreatectomy.
Patients and Methods: This single-center, open-label, randomized trial was conducted to assign 46 patients undergoing robotic pancreatectomy in a 1:1 ratio to either the PF (ISOCAL Clear) or control group. The primary endpoint was the percentage of BWL on postoperative days 14 and 28. The secondary endpoints were postoperative outcomes.
Results: Of the 52 eligible patients between December 2023 and November 2024, 46 were analyzed using intention-to-treat principles: 23 in the ISOCAL group and 23 in the control group. The %BWL was significantly lower in the ISOCAL group compared with that in the control group on postoperative days 14 (4.8±3.5% vs. 6.6±3.2%, p=0.02) and 28 (6.4±3.0% vs. 8.4±3.5%, p=0.047). Postoperative outcomes, including major complications (p=0.55) and hospital stay (p=0.83), did not differ significantly between the groups.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the safety and feasibility of administering PF to patients undergoing robotic pancreatectomy. The results showed the beneficial effects of PF on mitigating BWL without compromising short-term outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TAKAGIKOSEI en-aut-sei=TAKAGI en-aut-mei=KOSEI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FUJITOMOKAZU en-aut-sei=FUJI en-aut-mei=TOMOKAZU kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YASUIKAZUYA en-aut-sei=YASUI en-aut-mei=KAZUYA kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YAMADAMOTOHIKO en-aut-sei=YAMADA en-aut-mei=MOTOHIKO kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NISHIYAMATAKEYOSHI en-aut-sei=NISHIYAMA en-aut-mei=TAKEYOSHI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NAGAIYASUO en-aut-sei=NAGAI en-aut-mei=YASUO kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HASHIMOTOMASASHI en-aut-sei=HASHIMOTO en-aut-mei=MASASHI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MITSUHASHITOSHIHARU en-aut-sei=MITSUHASHI en-aut-mei=TOSHIHARU kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FUJIWARATOSHIYOSHI en-aut-sei=FUJIWARA en-aut-mei=TOSHIYOSHI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Robotic pancreatectomy kn-keyword=Robotic pancreatectomy en-keyword=nutrition kn-keyword=nutrition en-keyword=polymeric formula kn-keyword=polymeric formula en-keyword=outcomes kn-keyword=outcomes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=643 end-page=650 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Post Hoc Analysis of Frailty and Tracheostomy Risk in Older Patients Intubated and in an Intensive Care Unit in Japan: An Inverse Association in Older Patients with Advanced Age en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: This post hoc analysis of a prospectively collected intensive care unit (ICU) cohort examined the association between frailty and the likelihood of tracheostomy in older Japanese patients (aged ?65 years). Frailty, a condition of increased vulnerability to stressors, is common among older patients in the ICU and may influence clinical decision-making and outcomes. We aimed to explore whether baseline frailty is associated with the likelihood of receiving tracheostomy in older patients in the ICUs.
Methods: We analyzed data from a multicenter prospective study conducted from November 2019 to April 2020 at 17 hospitals in Japan. Patients aged ?65 years, admitted directly from the emergency department, and requiring mechanical ventilation, were included. After excluding early deaths (?5 days) or treatment-limit cases, 363 patients with intubation remained. Frailty was assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), with primary cutoff CFS ?4. The primary outcome was the occurrence of tracheostomy during ICU stay. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using generalized linear models with a Poisson distribution, adjusted for age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score.
Results: Among 363 patients, patients with frailty (CFS ?4) had a significantly lower adjusted risk of having tracheostomy than did those with less frailty (CFS <4) (adjusted RR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.27-0.61). In patients aged ?75 years, the adjusted RR for CFS ?4 was 0.32 (95% CI: 0.20-0.50), indicating a pronounced reduction in tracheostomy use among patients with frailty.
Conclusions: Frailty (CFS ?4) was independently associated with a lower likelihood of tracheostomy, particularly in patients aged ?75 years. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UmedaTakehide en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Takehide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HongoTakashi en-aut-sei=Hongo en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaMototaka en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Mototaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AriyasuYoshinori en-aut-sei=Ariyasu en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=frailty kn-keyword=frailty en-keyword=respiration kn-keyword=respiration en-keyword=tracheostomy kn-keyword=tracheostomy en-keyword=critical care outcomes kn-keyword=critical care outcomes en-keyword=aged kn-keyword=aged END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=e70314 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Survey to Document the Adverse Reactions After Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Japanese Female Youth at a University en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aim: Concerns about possible adverse events remain a critical barrier in implementing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among Japanese youth. This study aimed to understand the time course of adverse events experienced by HPV vaccine recipients.
Methods: An online questionnaire survey was given to students, faculty, and staff aged 18?26?years, at Okayama University Hospital, who received the HPV vaccine. The survey gathered information on the number of HPV vaccine doses received, prevaccination health conditions, adverse reactions within 2?h and between 2?h and 7?days postvaccination, menstrual irregularities after vaccination, reasons for getting vaccinated, feelings before and after vaccination, and factors providing reassurance during vaccination. Prevalence of symptoms was expressed as numbers and percentages, and analyses were performed using Chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests.
Results: Responses were obtained from 299 participants, yielding a 75% response rate. Approximately 60% participants reported local pain, 30% swelling, and 4% fever. Most symptoms resolved on the vaccination day itself or the following day, although some persisted for 3?7?days. Over 80% participants rated their pain between 0 and 3 on numerical rating scale of 0?10. While 60% experienced anxiety before vaccination, 90% reported no anxiety afterward.
Conclusions: Our study presents one of the first comprehensive accounts of post-HPV vaccination adverse events and their time course, and underpins the importance of disseminating detailed information about vaccine-associated adverse reactions to encourage greater vaccine uptake. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiguchiChigusa en-aut-sei=Higuchi en-aut-mei=Chigusa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaChikako en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasakiYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi en-aut-sei=Masuyama en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Educational and Research Management Field, Health Management Department, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=1Educational and Research Management Field, Health Management Department, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=anxiety kn-keyword=anxiety en-keyword=human papillomavirus vaccine kn-keyword=human papillomavirus vaccine en-keyword=Japanese youth kn-keyword=Japanese youth en-keyword=questionnaire kn-keyword=questionnaire en-keyword=survey kn-keyword=survey END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=368 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=e70571 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of Aromatic Aldehydes by C─H Formylation of Aromatics with Silyl Formates Prepared from CO2 and Hydrosilanes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Despite the recent remarkable progress in CO2 fixation reactions, the methods for the synthesis of aldehydes from CO2 are quite limited partly because of the lability of the resulting formyl group and difficulty in the controlled deoxygenative CO2 conversions leading to C─H and C─C bond formation. Here, we have developed the direct C─H formylation of electron-rich aromatics using silyl formates, prepared from CO2 and hydrosilanes, in the presence of BCl3 or BBr3. This is the first report on the direct C─H formylation of aromatics with silyl formates. Useful compounds including a biologically active compound and octaethylporphyrin were synthesized by fixing one to four CO2 molecules in a stepwise manner. DFT calculations have been done to elucidate the reaction mechanism including a dual role of BBr3 in the activation of silyl formate, HCO2SiMe2Ph, and electrophilic aromatic substitution. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NittaNatsumi en-aut-sei=Nitta en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirokawaKei en-aut-sei=Hirokawa en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaibaraSo en-aut-sei=Saibara en-aut-mei=So kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NathBikash Dev en-aut-sei=Nath en-aut-mei=Bikash Dev kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaishiKazuto en-aut-sei=Takaishi en-aut-mei=Kazuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EmaTadashi en-aut-sei=Ema en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=aldehydes kn-keyword=aldehydes en-keyword=carbon dioxide fixation kn-keyword=carbon dioxide fixation en-keyword=CO2 reduction kn-keyword=CO2 reduction en-keyword=formylation kn-keyword=formylation en-keyword=hydrosilylation kn-keyword=hydrosilylation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=166 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=108524 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=eConsult in infectious diseases: A narrative review en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objectives: Asynchronous electronic consultation, eConsult, is increasingly applied in infectious diseases (ID) management to improve access to specialty care and reduce unnecessary referrals. We aimed to integrate published studies to provide a comparative perspective and propose future directions for ID eConsult.
Methods: To synthesize relevant findings and present a comprehensive overview of ID eConsult, we searched in MEDLINE database and identified 11 studies between 2017 and 2025 on ID eConsult programs. Structured data were extracted on study characteristics, mode of consultation, and outcomes.
Results: Nine studies on outpatient ID eConsult demonstrated faster turnaround times, high rates of avoidance of in-person referrals (24-87%), improved antimicrobial optimization, and high provider satisfaction. Two studies on inpatient ID eConsult reported reductions in mortality, readmission rates, and broad-spectrum antibiotic use.
Conclusions: Given its affordability and scalability, the ID eConsult model is particularly advantageous in resource-limited environments. Collectively, ID eConsult may replace traditional telephone or face-to-face consultations, reducing the need for informal curbside discussions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaShinnosuke en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkazawaHidemasa en-aut-sei=Akazawa en-aut-mei=Hidemasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamotoKenta en-aut-sei=Nakamoto en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguniKohei en-aut-sei=Oguni en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Electronic consultation (eConsult) kn-keyword=Electronic consultation (eConsult) en-keyword=Telehealth kn-keyword=Telehealth en-keyword=Infectious diseases kn-keyword=Infectious diseases en-keyword=Antimicrobial stewardship kn-keyword=Antimicrobial stewardship en-keyword=Primary care kn-keyword=Primary care en-keyword=Remote consultation kn-keyword=Remote consultation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=121 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260324 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Immunological effects of amivantamab in EGFR or MET-expressing non-small cell lung cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations represent one of the most frequent oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Amivantamab, a bispecific antibody targeting EGFR and MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET), has demonstrated clinical benefit in EGFR-mutant NSCLC through dual blockade, but its immunological role in human clinical specimens, especially tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), has not been directly evaluated.
Methods We analyzed surgically resected tumor samples from 40 patients with NSCLC to investigate immune responses and their associations with EGFR and MET expression. TILs were characterized by flow cytometry (FCM) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). To assess the immunomodulatory potential of amivantamab, fresh tumor digests containing live tumor cells and TILs were cultured ex vivo with CD3 and CD28 stimulation in the absence or presence of amivantamab, followed by FCM. EGFR and MET expression were also evaluated by IHC.
Results EGFR mutations and high EGFR protein expression were associated with a trend toward reduced CD8? T-cell and dendritic cell (DC) infiltration. In ex vivo TIL assays, exposure to amivantamab significantly activated CD8? T cells, such as programmed cell death-1 expression and cytokine production, and promoted DC maturation. These effects were most pronounced in tumors with high EGFR or MET protein expression rather than EGFR mutations.
Conclusions This study provides the first direct evidence from ex vivo fresh TIL assays using human NSCLC clinical specimens that amivantamab can activate immune responses. EGFR and MET expression may serve as potential biomarkers for amivantamab-induced immune responses. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshichikaRyo en-aut-sei=Yoshichika en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukoharaFumiaki en-aut-sei=Mukohara en-aut-mei=Fumiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKotaro en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagasakiJoji en-aut-sei=Nagasaki en-aut-mei=Joji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHiroko en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaYouki en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Youki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzawaKen en-aut-sei=Suzawa en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshinoTakamasa en-aut-sei=Ishino en-aut-mei=Takamasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Non-small cell lung cancer kn-keyword=Non-small cell lung cancer en-keyword=Amivantamab kn-keyword=Amivantamab en-keyword=Antitumor immunity kn-keyword=Antitumor immunity en-keyword=EGFR kn-keyword=EGFR en-keyword=MET kn-keyword=MET END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=117 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1260 end-page=1272 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=TGF-β Inhibitor Potentiates Osimertinib-Induced Anti-Tumor Immunity in Egfr-Mutant Lung Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Immunotherapy for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains challenging. We previously found that EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors induced antitumor immunity but also triggered immunosuppressive cytokines, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), in Egfr-mutant lung cancer. Here, we investigate whether TGF-β inhibition potentiates osimertinib-induced antitumor immunity using a syngeneic mouse model of Egfr-mutated lung cancer, with cancer cells subcutaneously transplanted into wild-type C57BL/6J mice. We evaluated the antitumor effect of the combination therapy with osimertinib and either nintedanib (an indirect TGF-β inhibitor) or vactosertib (a specific TGF-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor). Changes in the tumor microenvironment during treatment were assessed using immunohistochemical staining, western blot analysis, and flow cytometry. We found that TGF-β expression was upregulated in the tumor treated with osimertinib. Nintedanib monotherapy showed no significant antitumor effect, whereas osimertinib combined with nintedanib significantly potentiates the antitumor effect compared with osimertinib monotherapy in vivo. Crucially, no additive effect of nintedanib on osimertinib monotherapy was observed in vitro. Combination therapy with osimertinib and nintedanib significantly increased effector T cells (CD8+CD44+CD62L?) and Granzyme B+ areas and decreased CD206+ cells, while significantly decreasing TGF-β and SMAD2/3 expression. Similar effects were observed with vactosertib but not with a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor. In conclusion, combination therapy with osimertinib and TGF-β inhibitors potentiates osimertinib-induced antitumor immunity. These findings highlight a novel therapeutic strategy for EGFR-mutated NSCLC and warrant further clinical investigation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuribayashiTadahiro en-aut-sei=Kuribayashi en-aut-mei=Tadahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraJun en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkawaSachi en-aut-sei=Okawa en-aut-mei=Sachi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaokaMasataka en-aut-sei=Taoka en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriShunta en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Shunta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakaaki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraTomoka en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaAyako en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraNaofumi en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Naofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Kiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoGo en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaiKammei en-aut-sei=Rai en-aut-mei=Kammei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=EGFR kn-keyword=EGFR en-keyword=lung cancer kn-keyword=lung cancer en-keyword=nintedanib kn-keyword=nintedanib en-keyword=osimertinib kn-keyword=osimertinib en-keyword=TGF-β kn-keyword=TGF-β END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=329 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=High-risk soft-tissue sarcomas in elderly patients: does perioperative radiotherapy improve local control and prognosis? en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aims Accumulating evidence suggests that advanced age is associated with poor local control and prognosis in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs), highlighting the need to optimise treatment for this age group. However, real-world data on treatment details and outcomes in elderly patients are limited. This study aimed to clarify the role of perioperative radiotherapy (RT) for treating high-risk STSs in elderly patients.
Methods Patients aged???70 years who underwent surgery for localised, high-grade, deep-seated non-small round cell STSs measuring???5 cm were included in the Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Registry in Japan. Patients with small-round cell STSs or myxoid liposarcomas, or those who received perioperative chemotherapy or intraoperative RT, were excluded.
Results Among the 1,214 patients who met the criteria, 47 (4%), 219 (18%), and 2 (0.2%) received neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and both neoadjuvant and adjuvant RT, respectively. The 5- and 10-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rates were 72.7% and 64.7%, respectively. Tumour size???10 cm, intralesional margin, and local recurrence were associated with poorer DSS; however, perioperative RT did not affect DSS. The 5- and 10-year cumulative probabilities of local recurrence (LR) were 14.6% and 19.5%, respectively. Trunk wall tumours, dedifferentiated liposarcomas, marginal margins, and intralesional margins were associated with a higher probability of LR. Adjuvant RT was associated with a reduced LR probability in patients with intralesional (p = 0.005) or marginal margins (p?=?0.044); however, no such benefit was observed in patients with wide margins, who constituted the majority of the cohort, resulting in no significant association between perioperative RT and LR in overall analyses. In the propensity score-matched cohort, no significant differences in DSS or cumulative probability of LR were observed between patients with and without perioperative RT.
Conclusion Adjuvant RT was associated with reduced LR rates in elderly patients with high-risk STSs who had intralesional or marginal margins. However, because most patients achieved wide margins and no benefit of perioperative RT was observed in this group, RT was not associated with reduced LR or improved survival in the overall or propensity score?matched analyses. Prospective trials are warranted to define the role of perioperative RT in elderly patients with high-risk STSs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiwaraTomohiro en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NezuYutaka en-aut-sei=Nezu en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TajimaTakashi en-aut-sei=Tajima en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiwaShinji en-aut-sei=Miwa en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaToshio en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraShuichi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiAkira en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Centre for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Centre Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Advanced Medical Sciences, Oita University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Soft-tissue sarcoma kn-keyword=Soft-tissue sarcoma en-keyword=High-risk kn-keyword=High-risk en-keyword=Surgery kn-keyword=Surgery en-keyword=Perioperative radiotherapy kn-keyword=Perioperative radiotherapy en-keyword=Elderly patients kn-keyword=Elderly patients END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=832 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260114 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Possible Involvement of Hypothalamic Dysfunction in Long COVID Patients Characterized by Delayed Response to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Long COVID (LC) may involve endocrine dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To examine hypothalamic?pituitary responses in patients with LC, we conducted a single-center retrospective study of patients with refractory LC referred to our University Hospital who underwent anterior pituitary stimulation tests. Between February 2021 and November 2025, 1251 patients with long COVID were evaluated, of whom 207 (19%) had relatively low random ACTH or cortisol levels. Ultimately, 16 underwent anterior pituitary stimulation tests and were included. All tests were performed in an inpatient setting without exogenous steroids. Fifteen patients (six women, mean age 35.6 years) underwent corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) tests. All patients had mild acute COVID-19, eight had ?2 vaccinations, and the mean interval from infection was 343 days. Frequent symptoms included fatigue (100%), insomnia (66.7%), headache (60.0%), anorexia/nausea (40.0%), and brain fog (40.0%). Mean early-morning cortisol and 24 h urinary free cortisol were 7.5 μg/dL and 41.0 μg/day, respectively. MRI showed an empty sella in one case. Peak hormonal responses were preserved (ΔACTH 247%, ΔTSH 918%, ΔPRL 820%, ΔFSH 187%, ΔLH 1150%); however, peaks were delayed beyond 60 min in ACTH (13%), LH (33%), and FSH (87%). Notably, significantly delayed elevations remained at 120 min in the responses of TSH (4.1-fold), PRL (1.8-fold), LH (9.3-fold), and FSH (2.8-fold), suggesting possible hypothalamic involvement, particularly in the gonadotropin responses. Additionally, serum IGF-I was lowered (?0.70 SD), while GH response (mean peak 35.5 ng/mL) was preserved by growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP)-2 stimulation. Low-dose hydrocortisone and testosterone were initiated for three patients. Although direct viral effects and secondary suppression have been proposed, our findings may suggest that, at least in part, the observed response characteristics are consistent with functional secondary hypothalamic dysfunction rather than irreversible primary injury. These findings highlight the need for objective endocrine evaluation before initiating hormone replacements. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoejimaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuyamaAtsuhito en-aut-sei=Suyama en-aut-mei=Atsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaseRyosuke en-aut-sei=Takase en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguniKohei en-aut-sei=Oguni en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaYohei en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuradaYasue en-aut-sei=Sakurada en-aut-mei=Yasue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaYui en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaToru en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki en-aut-sei=Tokumasu en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaKeigo en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=COVID-19 kn-keyword=COVID-19 en-keyword=gonadotropin kn-keyword=gonadotropin en-keyword=gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) kn-keyword=gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) en-keyword=hypothalamus kn-keyword=hypothalamus en-keyword=long COVID kn-keyword=long COVID END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e0339600 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260312 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Early administration of renin?angiotensin system inhibitors improves survival and cardiac remodeling in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major cardiovascular disease that accounts for 50% of all cases of heart failure. Patients with HFpEF have limited therapeutic options because of the complex pathogenesis of this disease. Decreased nitric oxide (NO) levels and increased renin?angiotensin system (RAS) activity may be associated with HFpEF pathogenesis. However, whether soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators and RAS inhibitors protect against HFpEF remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of RAS inhibitors captopril (Cap) and/or sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) and sGC stimulator vericiguat (Ver) on HFpEF progression. HFpEF was induced in 8-week-old male Wistar rats through intake of L-arginine methyl ester and a high-fat diet. Results showed that the survival rate after 8 weeks of treatment was 100% in the normal diet (Cont group), Cap, and Sac/Val groups, whereas it was approximately 20% in the HFpEF and Ver groups. No significant differences in the left ventricular systolic function were found. In addition, histochemistry revealed that myocardial hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis obviously increased in the HFpEF group but not in the Cap and Sac/Val groups compared with the Cont group. Furthermore, RNA sequencing analysis showed that the expression of genes related to inflammatory response, hypertrophy, and extracellular matrix?receptor interaction increased in the HFpEF group and decreased in the Cap and Sac/Val groups. In conclusion, early administration of Cap or Sac/Val may reduce the risk of developing HFpEF by inhibiting the RAS pathway rather than the NO-sGC-cGMP pathway. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonoYuka en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SonodaKunihiro en-aut-sei=Sonoda en-aut-mei=Kunihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtakeKazuo en-aut-sei=Ohtake en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaAkinobu en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Akinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoShusei en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Shusei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaHinako en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Hinako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuokaTaketo en-aut-sei=Fukuoka en-aut-mei=Taketo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiYuki en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TagoHaruka en-aut-sei=Tago en-aut-mei=Haruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeNobuhisa en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Nobuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoIkumi en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ikumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirohataSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hirohata en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamoriKazuya en-aut-sei=Kitamori en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeShogo en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1759690 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260309 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of a generative AI agent for family support in implementing family-based treatment for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: Family-based treatment (FBT) is a first-line psychotherapy for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, families must understand the principles of FBT, provide meal support, and manage their children's pathological behaviors. Difficulties occur outside clinic hours when it is impossible to consult professionals. This “support gap” increases caregivers’ psychological distress and threatens their treatment continuity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first domain-specific generative artificial intelligence (AI) agent designed to provide situation-specific, FBT-concordant advice and psychological support.
Methods: The system integrates three components: (1) an FBT-specific knowledge base constructed from treatment manuals, family guides, guideline-compliant resources, and a clinical Q&A corpus; (2) a multistage natural language processing pipeline using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), with intent and sentiment analyses; and (3) safety guardrails that prohibit unsolicited numerical goals or direct hospitalization recommendations and standardized escalation to clinicians. When strong negative emotions are detected, empowerment messages are dynamically incorporated to maintain caregivers’ confidence. Six clinicians with expertise with pediatric mental health authored queries that simulated common FBT-related concerns and evaluated each response for clinical appropriateness and safety, and classified problems as information insufficiency, not FBT concordant, or escalation insufficiency.
Results: Of the 477 queries, 57.0% were FBT-related, 24.5% were general AN, 16.5% were parental psychological distress, and 1.8% were related to other topics. The clinically appropriate response rate was 91.6% (437/477), including 92.3% for FBT-related questions, 88.0% for general knowledge, 93.7% for psychological distress, and 100.0% for other questions. Clinically inappropriate responses (8.4%) were mainly attributable to information insufficiency; not FBT concordant (1.8% of FBT-related responses) and escalation insufficiency (0.6% of all dialogs) rarely occurred.
Discussion: In this expert review, the safety-gated RAG system predominantly generated FBT-concordant responses that provided meal-level guidance and empathic empowerment-oriented support to families. By proceduralizing complex FBT concepts and presenting multiple response options for pathological behaviors, the system translates FBT principles into practical guidance supporting refeeding adherence, preserving family self-efficacy, and suggesting that domain-specific AI may help bridge structural limitations in FBT. Usability studies and randomized controlled trials are warranted to determine their impact on caregiver burden, self-efficacy, treatment adherence, and clinical outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HanzawaMana en-aut-sei=Hanzawa en-aut-mei=Mana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseiJoe en-aut-sei=Hasei en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaAyumi en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaChie en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Chie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigeyasuYoshie en-aut-sei=Shigeyasu en-aut-mei=Yoshie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiChikako en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriuchiMakiko en-aut-sei=Horiuchi en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaAkiko en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiKoichi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaharaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaHideki en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYasushi en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Support Technology Development, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Clinical Psychology Section, Department of Medical Support, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Life Natural Science and Technology, Graduate School of Environmental, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=NEC Corporation kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= en-keyword=anorexia nervosa kn-keyword=anorexia nervosa en-keyword=caregiver burden kn-keyword=caregiver burden en-keyword=family support kn-keyword=family support en-keyword=family-based treatment kn-keyword=family-based treatment en-keyword=generative AI agent kn-keyword=generative AI agent en-keyword=large language model kn-keyword=large language model en-keyword=retrieval-augmented generation kn-keyword=retrieval-augmented generation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=100082 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pharmaceutical agents targeting KATP channel modulate sweet taste sensitivity in mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sweet detection involves at least two mechanisms: a G-protein coupled sweet taste receptor (Tas1r2/Tas1r3) and glucose transporters. As in pancreatic β-cells, glucose transport may lead to closure of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels. Since expression of KATP channels in sweet taste cells has been reported, modulation of KATP channel activity would affect sweet taste sensitivity. Here, we examined the effect of glibenclamide (a KATP channel closer) and diazoxide (an opener) on mouse taste behavior. Glibenclamide selectively reduced taste sensitivity to glucose without affecting responses to sucrose or sucralose compared to insulin, suggesting selective impairment of the transporter-dependent pathway. In contrast, diazoxide broadly suppressed responses to all tested sweeteners, indicating a generalized effect on sweet detection. Neither drug altered responses to non-sweet taste. These findings suggest that pharmacological modulation of KATP channel differently influences sweet taste; closers reduce glucose sensitivity whereas openers attenuate response to multiple sweeteners. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SawaiChika en-aut-sei=Sawai en-aut-mei=Chika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangKuanyu en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Kuanyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieKengo en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitohYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Mitoh en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaHirotaka en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Sweet taste receptor kn-keyword=Sweet taste receptor en-keyword=Glucose transporter kn-keyword=Glucose transporter en-keyword=Diabetes kn-keyword=Diabetes en-keyword=Taste disorder kn-keyword=Taste disorder en-keyword=Cephalic phase insulin release kn-keyword=Cephalic phase insulin release END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=370 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=199761 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Toward in planta studies of persistent fungal viruses in a model plant en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A model plant, Nicotiana benthamiana, was examined as a host for persistent fungal viruses capable of crossing organismal kingdoms. Protoplasts of N. benthamiana were transfected with a mixture of virions of a betapartitivirus, Rosellinia necatrix partitivirus 18 (RnPV18), and an alphapartitivirus, RnPV19, and were then subjected to plantlet regeneration. Primary RT-PCR-based screening showed that nearly 100% of the resulting calli tested positive for RnPV18, whereas approximately 90% were positive for RnPV19. However, secondary screening performed at a later stage of tissue culture revealed that only 6% of the calli retained RnPV19, whereas approximately 33% retained RnPV18. These results suggest that the calli were chimeric, consisting of virus-infected and virus-free sectors, and that the partitiviruses were progressively lost during callus maintenance. It is also possible that these fungal partitiviruses were unable to fully adapt to, or counteract, host defense responses sufficiently to establish stable infection. We succeeded in obtaining RnPV18-positive calli and suspension cultures that maintained the virus at detectable levels, as shown by northern blotting, after prolonged subculture for at least 9 months. High-throughput small RNA analyses revealed both similarities and differences in virus-derived small RNA profiles among protoplasts, calli, and suspension cultures. Viral genome analyses further revealed developmental stage-specific and stage-independent substitutions compared with the RnPV18 genomic sequence maintained in the original fungal host. Interestingly, a C-to-U mutation in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase-encoding region of RnPV18 was detected much more frequently in a particular line, designated B21, than in another stably RnPV18-infected line, P8, irrespective of whether the virus was maintained in suspension cultures or calli. This may explain why virus accumulation in B21 calli and suspension cultures was much lower than that in P8 cell cultures, as RNA-seq analyses showed 159 K counts per million for P8 versus 44 K counts per million for B21. Taken together, this study provides a platform for investigating partitiviruses and other ubiquitous persistent viruses, which are generally difficult to inoculate experimentally. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TelengechPaul en-aut-sei=Telengech en-aut-mei=Paul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisanoSakae en-aut-sei=Hisano en-aut-mei=Sakae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FavarettoFrancesco en-aut-sei=Favaretto en-aut-mei=Francesco kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchikawaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Ichikawa en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HyodoKiwamu en-aut-sei=Hyodo en-aut-mei=Kiwamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoHideki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Cross-kingdom infection kn-keyword=Cross-kingdom infection en-keyword=Tissue culture kn-keyword=Tissue culture en-keyword=Partitivirus kn-keyword=Partitivirus en-keyword=dsRNA virus kn-keyword=dsRNA virus en-keyword=Nicotiana, benthamiana kn-keyword=Nicotiana, benthamiana en-keyword=Callus kn-keyword=Callus en-keyword=Suspension culture kn-keyword=Suspension culture en-keyword=Model plant kn-keyword=Model plant END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=107 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=002255 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Rhabdoviridae 2026 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The family Rhabdoviridae comprises viruses with unsegmented, bi-segmented or tri-segmented negative-sense (?) RNA genomes of 10?16?kb. Virions are typically enveloped, with bullet-shaped or bacilliform morphology, but can also be non-enveloped filaments. Rhabdoviruses infect plants or animals, including vertebrates or invertebrates such as arthropods, which can serve as single hosts or act as biological vectors for transmission to animals or plants. Rhabdoviruses include important pathogens of humans, livestock, fish or agricultural crops. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Rhabdoviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/rhabdoviridae. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WalkerPeter J. en-aut-sei=Walker en-aut-mei=Peter J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BejermanNicolas en-aut-sei=Bejerman en-aut-mei=Nicolas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BlasdellKim R. en-aut-sei=Blasdell en-aut-mei=Kim R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=DebatHumberto en-aut-sei=Debat en-aut-mei=Humberto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=DietzgenRalf G. en-aut-sei=Dietzgen en-aut-mei=Ralf G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FooksAnthony R. en-aut-sei=Fooks en-aut-mei=Anthony R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Freitas-Ast?aJuliana en-aut-sei=Freitas-Ast?a en-aut-mei=Juliana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=GarverKyle en-aut-sei=Garver en-aut-mei=Kyle kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoHideki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ramos-Gonz?lezPedro Luis en-aut-sei=Ramos-Gonz?lez en-aut-mei=Pedro Luis kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiMang en-aut-sei=Shi en-aut-mei=Mang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeshRobert B. en-aut-sei=Tesh en-aut-mei=Robert B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TordoNo?l en-aut-sei=Tordo en-aut-mei=No?l kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=VasilakisNikos en-aut-sei=Vasilakis en-aut-mei=Nikos kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=WhitfieldAnna E. en-aut-sei=Whitfield en-aut-mei=Anna E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=University of Queensland kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones and Instituto Nacional de Tecnolog?a Agropecuaria (INTA) kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=CSIRO Health and Biosecurity kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones and Instituto Nacional de Tecnolog?a Agropecuaria (INTA) kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=University of Queensland kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Animal and Plant Health Agency Addlestone kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Fisheries & Oceans Canada kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Instituto Biol?gico kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Sun Yat Sen University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=University of Texas Medical Branch kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Gamal Abdel Nasser University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=University of Texas Medical Branch kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=North Carolina State University kn-affil= en-keyword=ICTV Report kn-keyword=ICTV Report en-keyword=Rhabdoviridae kn-keyword=Rhabdoviridae en-keyword=taxonomy kn-keyword=taxonomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Phase behaviour of liquid CO2 with an impurity of water: influence of CO2 hydrate en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The solubility of water in liquid CO2 coexisting with CO2 hydrate or liquid water is evaluated in order to investigate the thermodynamic conditions to avoid the formation of CO2 hydrate in the transportation processes of liquid CO2. To this end, theoretical calculations have been carried out to obtain the chemical potentials of water and CO2 in all the phases involved in their coexistence. The solubility of water in liquid CO2 coexisting with liquid water decreases with decreasing temperature over a wide range of temperature and pressure, except for in the vicinity of the critical point of CO2. The decrease in the solubility is further enhanced by the formation of hydrate. We estimate the Gibbs energy of hydrate formation, which is an important property for sequestration of CO2, for cases where the temperature or pressure of water-saturated liquid CO2 decreases. We also estimate the amount of water precipitated as hydrate during these processes, which has a direct bearing on flow assurance in CO2 transportation. The present study will contribute to the development of a low-energy, safe CO2 transport network aiming at achieving large-scale carbon neutrality. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaHideki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoMasakazu en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Masakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YagasakiTakuma en-aut-sei=Yagasaki en-aut-mei=Takuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiMunetaka en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Munetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriYoshihito en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Yoshihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonoTakumi en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Engineering Advancement Association of Japan kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Ochanomizu University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Engineering Advancement Association of Japan kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e110548 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathway Enrichment Analysis of Whole-Exome Sequencing Data from Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Enucleated Eyes with Retinoblastoma and Choroidal Malignant Melanoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objectives: Intraocular tumors are extremely rare, small in size, and difficult to approach by biopsy. In the era of cancer genome analysis, we designed a pilot study to perform whole-exome sequencing of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded enucleated eyes of retinoblastoma and choroidal malignant melanoma as two major intraocular malignancies.
Methodology: Genomic DNA was isolated from intraocular tumor areas of 105 paraffin sections with a 5 μm thickness of seven enucleated eyes with retinoblastoma and seven eyes with choroidal malignant melanoma. One of 7 samples of retinoblastoma and another of seven samples of choroidal malignant melanoma were excluded from the study since the sequencing output and depth of reads were lower compared with the other samples. The sequencing data after quality control were aligned to the reference genome sequence (hg38, GRCh38 Assembly, Genome Reference Consortium Human Build 38), and the mapped reads were processed to improve data quality. Somatic mutations (single nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions, and multiple nucleotide variants) in each sample were extracted after excluding variants reported in a Panel of Normals (PON) from the 1000 Genomes Project. Additional selection criteria included a mutation depth of ?5 reads and either no registration in or an allele frequency of less than 5% in the Tohoku Medical Megabank of Japan (ToMMo 60KJPN-SNV/INDEL Allele Frequency Panel).
Results: Candidate genes with somatic mutations were selected by three criteria: genes with the same mutation shared by two samples or more, recurrently mutated genes three times or over, and genes of driver candidates identified in combining several different driver mutation-detecting programs by Integrative OncoGenomics (IntOGen). Using candidate genes detected by any of the three criteria as input, enrichment analyses identified 28 pathways in Gene Ontology (GO) and 2 pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) for retinoblastoma, while 385 pathways in GO, 12 in KEGG, 2 in the Hallmark gene set of the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB), and 47 in Reactome were identified for choroidal malignant melanoma. The enrichment maps showed three major pathways differently in retinoblastoma and choroidal malignant melanoma: one with dynein in retinoblastoma and another with MET in choroidal malignant melanoma.
Conclusions: Although there were limitations related to the small amounts of DNA available from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded small-sized tissues and the absence of matched normal control tissue, whole-exome sequencing provided clues to somatic mutations that were enriched in specific pathways and differed between retinoblastoma and choroidal malignant melanoma. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakehiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnnishiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ennishi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoAkira en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmemiyaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Amemiya en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamitsujiShigeo en-aut-sei=Kamitsuji en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Genomic Statistics, Stagen Co. Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Genomic Statistics, Stagen Co. Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Genomic Statistics, Stagen Co. Ltd. kn-affil= en-keyword=choroidal malignant melanoma kn-keyword=choroidal malignant melanoma en-keyword=driver genes (driver mutations) kn-keyword=driver genes (driver mutations) en-keyword=enucleation kn-keyword=enucleation en-keyword=formalin-fixed paraffinembedded (ffpe) kn-keyword=formalin-fixed paraffinembedded (ffpe) en-keyword=integrative oncogenomics kn-keyword=integrative oncogenomics en-keyword=pathway enrichment kn-keyword=pathway enrichment en-keyword=retinoblastoma kn-keyword=retinoblastoma en-keyword=somatic mutation kn-keyword=somatic mutation en-keyword=tohoku medical megabank kn-keyword=tohoku medical megabank en-keyword=whole-exome sequencing kn-keyword=whole-exome sequencing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=223 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=108646 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Reticulate evolution, introgression, and recent diversification in Epimedium sect. Macroceras en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hybridization can hinder or promote diversification, and growing genomic evidence suggests that it can facilitate adaptation and speciation. Despite recent progress, however, the quantitative contribution and temporal scope of hybridization to diversification remain poorly understood. The genus Epimedium is a recently diverged lineage, and sect. Macroceras largely consists of endemic species in Japan that are distributed across diverse environments, including limestone, serpentine, coastal habitats, heavy-snow regions, and regions with mild winters. Although natural hybridization and hybrid species have been reported in this section, molecular evidence demonstrating the contribution of hybridization to lineage diversification is limited. We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from Epimedium sect. Macroceras and tested for genomic signatures consistent with hybridization. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that E. koreanum from Korea is sister to Japanese Epimedium lineages, consistent with an initial colonization of Japan from the Korean Peninsula. The analyses also revealed complex relationships among Japanese species and frequent signals of historical interspecific introgression. Our results are consistent with a history of recent diversification in sect. Macroceras accompanied by introgressive hybridization, which may have contributed to diversification across heterogeneous environments in Japan. This study provides the first genome-wide insights into the evolutionary history of Epimedium sect. Macroceras and reveals complex reticulate relationships among the lineages. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KusatakeEmi en-aut-sei=Kusatake en-aut-mei=Emi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMomoka en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Momoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomokuniShuto en-aut-sei=Tomokuni en-aut-mei=Shuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiYosuke en-aut-sei=Yanagi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KariyamaShungo en-aut-sei=Kariyama en-aut-mei=Shungo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItohTakehito en-aut-sei=Itoh en-aut-mei=Takehito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimSeung-Chul en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=Seung-Chul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MimuraMakiko en-aut-sei=Mimura en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Society of Kurashiki Museum of Natural History kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Phylogenomics kn-keyword=Phylogenomics en-keyword=Introgression kn-keyword=Introgression en-keyword=Evolutionary radiation kn-keyword=Evolutionary radiation en-keyword=Pleistocene kn-keyword=Pleistocene en-keyword=Ecological divergence kn-keyword=Ecological divergence en-keyword=Reticulate evolution kn-keyword=Reticulate evolution END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=105 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=255 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260420 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=HLA-matched versus haploidentical donor transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide: a study on behalf of the donor/source working group of the Japanese society for transplantation and cellular therapy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is now being increasingly applied to HLA-matched donor (MD) transplantation. Prior studies in Western countries have demonstrated that allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) employing PTCy yields better outcomes with HLA-matched donors (MDs) than with haploidentical donors (HIDs). However, the effect of HLA mismatch may differ among racial groups. We retrospectively analyzed adult patients with hematological malignancies who underwent their first allo-HCT with PTCy from MDs or HIDs registered to the Japanese registry database between 2013 and 2021. Among 63 (related, n?=?33; unrelated, n?=?30) and 1261 patients who received MD and HID allo-HCT with PTCy, 50 (related, n?=?30; unrelated, n?=?20) and 100 patients were assigned to MD and HID groups by 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM). The results showed that MD recipients had better neutrophil recovery (hazard ratio [HR], 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04?2.10; P?=?0.031) and lower risk of non-relapse mortality (NRM) (HR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.05?0.81; P?=?0.024) than HID recipients. Multivariable analyses in the entire cohort before PSM confirmed these findings. Fatal infection was the primary cause of NRM in the HID group. This study is the first to demonstrate that, within a homogeneous Asian cohort, MD may have an advantage over HID in PTCy-based allo-HCT in facilitating neutrophil engraftment and reducing the risk of NRM. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakayaYosuke en-aut-sei=Nakaya en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamaeHirohisa en-aut-sei=Nakamae en-aut-mei=Hirohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugitaJunichi en-aut-sei=Sugita en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaJunya en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaYuta en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EtoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Eto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuritaNaoki en-aut-sei=Kurita en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramotoNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Hiramoto en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagafujiKoji en-aut-sei=Nagafuji en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaShuichi en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakitaToshiro en-aut-sei=Kawakita en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkasakaTakashi en-aut-sei=Akasaka en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriYasuo en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamimuraTomohiko en-aut-sei=Kamimura en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnizukaMakoto en-aut-sei=Onizuka en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsutaYoshiko en-aut-sei=Atsuta en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakasoneHideki en-aut-sei=Nakasone en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hamanomachi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, University of Tsukuba Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University HospitalDepartment of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Hematology, NHO Kumamoto Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Tenri Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Hematology, Oncology & Cardiovascular medicine, Kyushu University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Harasanshin Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Post-transplant cyclophosphamide kn-keyword=Post-transplant cyclophosphamide en-keyword=Matched donor kn-keyword=Matched donor en-keyword=Haploidentical donor kn-keyword=Haploidentical donor en-keyword=Graft-versus-host disease kn-keyword=Graft-versus-host disease en-keyword=Hematological malignancies. kn-keyword=Hematological malignancies. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=105 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=244 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260414 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Donor selection for patients with HLA-homozygous haplotypes in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=HLA homozygous haplotypes occur worldwide, but outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using alternative donor sources remain uncertain. We retrospectively analyzed the Japanese national transplantation registry to compare outcomes after first allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with HLA homozygous haplotypes. Donors were classified as homo-to-homo, defined as HLA-matched, or hetero-to-homo, defined as allele-level mismatches at HLA-A, -B, -C, and/or -DRB1 restricted to the host-versus-graft direction. The unrelated donor homo-to-homo group served as the reference. We included 691 patients: related donor homo-to-homo (n?=?121), related donor hetero-to-homo (n?=?76), unrelated donor homo-to-homo (n?=?374), unrelated donor hetero-to-homo (n?=?22), cord blood homo-to-homo (n?=?40), and cord blood hetero-to-homo (n?=?58). Compared with the unrelated donor homo-to-homo group, overall survival was inferior in the cord blood homo-to-homo group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11?2.64; P?=?0.015), whereas the unrelated donor hetero-to-homo group showed a nonsignificant trend toward inferior overall survival (adjusted HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 0.97?3.22; P?=?0.061). In this Japanese cohort, cord blood homo-to-homo transplantation was associated with inferior overall survival, whereas related donor hetero-to-homo and cord blood hetero-to-homo transplantation were not. These findings should be interpreted cautiously given the retrospective design and long study period, and require validation in contemporary, ethnically diverse cohorts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshinagaNoriyoshi en-aut-sei=Yoshinaga en-aut-mei=Noriyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKoji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraFumihiko en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Fumihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirayamaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Hirayama en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanayaMinoru en-aut-sei=Kanaya en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorishimaSatoko en-aut-sei=Morishima en-aut-mei=Satoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=DokiNoriko en-aut-sei=Doki en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaYuta en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakoShinichi en-aut-sei=Kako en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMasatsugu en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Masatsugu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurokawaMineo en-aut-sei=Kurokawa en-aut-mei=Mineo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakitaToshiro en-aut-sei=Kawakita en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoYukio en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImadaKazunori en-aut-sei=Imada en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoheTatsuo en-aut-sei=Ichinohe en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnizukaMakoto en-aut-sei=Onizuka en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsutaYoshiko en-aut-sei=Atsuta en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaJunya en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Blood Disorders Center, Aiiku Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Central Japan Cord Blood Bank kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Toranomon Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Cell Therapy and Transplantation Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Hematology, NHO Kumamoto Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Osaka Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= en-keyword=HLA-homozygous haplotypes kn-keyword=HLA-homozygous haplotypes en-keyword=Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation kn-keyword=Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation en-keyword=Donor source kn-keyword=Donor source en-keyword=Host-versus-graft direction mismatch kn-keyword=Host-versus-graft direction mismatch END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2026 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Case of Peripheral Odontogenic Myxofibroma Arising in the Palatal Gingiva of the Maxillary Second Premolar Region: A Case Report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Odontogenic myxofibroma (OMF) is a rare benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumor characterized by myxoid stroma with a prominent fibrous component. Although it usually arises intraosseously within the jaws, the peripheral variant, peripheral odontogenic myxofibroma (POMF), which occurs in extraosseous soft tissues, is uncommon and may be clinically misdiagnosed as a reactive gingival lesion. We report a case of POMF in a 68-year-old man who was referred for evaluation of a painless, slowly enlarging swelling of the palatal gingiva in the left maxillary second premolar region, which had initially been diagnosed as chronic periodontitis at a local clinic. An intraoral examination revealed an elastic, firm mass with partial erythema on the palatal marginal gingiva. Panoramic radiography showed mild generalized horizontal bone loss without lesion-specific changes, and computed tomography revealed no bone resorption associated with the lesion. Exfoliative cytology was negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy. The lesion was excised with a 5-mm clinical margin, including periosteum, and superficial peripheral ostectomy of the adjacent cortical bone was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a myxoid stroma rich in mucinous matrix and collagen fibers, containing sparsely distributed spindle-shaped cells and scattered nests of odontogenic epithelium. Alcian blue staining revealed diffuse positivity, supporting the diagnosis of POMF. No recurrence was observed during a 2-year follow-up period. This case highlights a diagnostic pitfall in the tooth-bearing gingiva and underscores the importance of histopathological confirmation of persistent gingival masses. When imaging shows no apparent bone involvement, and clinical suspicion of malignancy is low, complete excision with an adequate soft-tissue margin and selective, limited bone removal may achieve local control while preserving the adjacent teeth; long-term follow-up remains advisable. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasuiMasanori en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YutoriHirokazu en-aut-sei=Yutori en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimuraAi en-aut-sei=Fujimura en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Faculty of Medicine , Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Faculty of Medicine , Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=case report kn-keyword=case report en-keyword=excisional biopsy kn-keyword=excisional biopsy en-keyword=palatal gingiva kn-keyword=palatal gingiva en-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxofibroma kn-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxofibroma en-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxoma kn-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxoma END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e0350803 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A multicenter, randomized, parallel-group confirmatory study protocol to evaluate the efficacy of Soft Protector CPC, a novel oral mucosal protectant, in preventing oral mucositis and alleviating pain in patients with breast cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Oral mucositis is a frequent and debilitating adverse event observed in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Current management strategies are limited in duration, require frequent application, and fail to address the mechanical irritation from teeth. A novel device, Soft Protector CPC, was developed to overcome these limitations. This multicenter, randomized, two-arm, open-label, confirmatory trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Soft Protector CPC in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. A total of 154 participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either oral care with Soft Protector CPC or oral care alone. The primary endpoint will be oral mucositis as assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0 during the comparative treatment period. The secondary endpoints will include CTCAE v3.0 during the continuous treatment period, oral mucositis, pain (CTCAE v5.0), quality of life (Patient Reported Outcomes-CTCAE version 1.0 [PRO-CTCAE v1.0], the 15-item oral health questionnaire of the European Organization For Research And Treatment Of Cancer [EORTC QLQ-OH15], and the pain Numeric Rating Scale), onset and site of mucositis, completion of chemotherapy, use of rescue medications, technical feasibility, and patient preference. The safety endpoints will include adverse events, device malfunction, and laboratory tests. This trial is expected to establish the clinical utility of the Soft Protector CPC for the prevention and management of oral mucositis, with the potential to improve the patients’ quality of life and adherence to cancer therapy. This study was approved by the Clinical Research Review Board and registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs062250005, on April 18, 2025. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OmoriKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Omori en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurukawaKohei en-aut-sei=Furukawa en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UsubuchiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Usubuchi en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaTomofumi en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Tomofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienTadahiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaMichihiro en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Michihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakatsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Nakatsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakashibaShogo en-aut-sei=Takashiba en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Dentistry, Miyagi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Sagara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=181 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hypernatremia during the first week of life in very preterm infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3 to 4 years of age: a cohort study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Hypernatremia is a common electrolyte disorder in both term and preterm infants. Previous studies have suggested a correlation between hypernatremia and short-term complications in preterm infants, such as intraventricular hemorrhage and chronic lung disease. However, the relationship between hypernatremia and neurodevelopmental outcomes is less well understood. This study aimed to assess the association between hypernatremia during the first week of life and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3?4 years of age in very preterm infants.
Methods This single-center, retrospective cohort study analyzed data from preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestation between 2010 and 2020. Infants with peak whole blood sodium levels?>?145 mEq/L during the first week of life were included in the hypernatremia group and those with ??145 mEq/L in the non-hypernatremia group. The primary outcome was neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 3?4 years of age, defined as developmental impairment (developmental quotient? Results Of 272 infants with neurodevelopmental data, 82 and 190 infants were in the hypernatremia and non-hypernatremia groups, respectively. The median (interquartile range) gestational age and birth weight were 26.4 (25.1?28.0) and 28.7 (26.6?30.3) weeks and 860 (670?1062) and 997 (778?1264) g for infants in the hypernatremia and non-hypernatremia groups, respectively. Infants in the hypernatremia group had a greater incidence of NDI (29.3% vs. 14.7%, adjusted risk ratio [RR] 1.75, 95% CI 1.08?2.84) and cerebral palsy (8.5% vs. 1.6%, adjusted RR 5.5, 95% CI 1.72?17.63) than those in the non-hypernatremia group.
Conclusions Hypernatremia during the first week of life was associated with an increased risk of NDI at 3?4 years of age in very preterm infants. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiMichiko en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamaiKei en-aut-sei=Tamai en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiAkihito en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraMakoto en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KageyamaMisao en-aut-sei=Kageyama en-aut-mei=Misao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Hypernatremia kn-keyword=Hypernatremia en-keyword=Development kn-keyword=Development en-keyword=Very preterm kn-keyword=Very preterm en-keyword=Cerebral palsy kn-keyword=Cerebral palsy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260526 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimizing low-dose rituximab protocol for ABO-mismatched kidney transplantation: long-term outcomes in a single-center retrospective cohort study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background ABO-mismatched kidney transplantation (KTx) expands donor availability but increases risks of antibody-mediated rejection and passenger lymphocyte syndrome (PLS). While rituximab (Rit) potentially mitigates these complications, conventional high-dose regimens (375 mg/m2) elevate infectious and hematologic toxicity. We implemented low-dose Rit induction (200 mg/body) for desensitization in minor/major ABO-mismatched and DSA-positive KTx, evaluating its efficacy and safety over 15-years.
Methods This single-center retrospective cohort (May 2009?April 2024) analyzed 161 adult KTx recipients: Rit (n?=?107) and Non-Rit (n?=?54) groups. All received tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisolone, and basiliximab; high-risk patients also underwent plasmapheresis. Outcomes included graft survival, biopsy-proven acute rejection, de novo donor-specific antibody (DSA) formation, infection, severe neutropenia, and PLS.
Results 1-year graft survival was 100% in both groups. 5-year death-censored graft survival was 95.8% (Rit) vs 95.9% (Non-Rit), respectively (log-rank P?=?0.43). Biopsy-proven acute rejection (7.5% vs 3.7%, P?=?0.50) and de novo DSA production were equivalent (Class I: 5.5% vs 2.2%; Class II: 6.6% vs 8.7%; both P?=?1.00), with lower mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) in the Rit group. Cytomegalovirus disease, urinary tract infection and fungal infection rates were comparable between both groups. Grade 4 neutropenia was not associated with Rit (OR 2.65; 95% CI 0.63?11.0; P?=?0.18). Blood transfusion for hemoglobin declines occurred in 5.6% vs 7.4%, with preserved haptoglobin in all cases, indicating no PLS.
Conclusions Low-dose Rit induction achieves excellent graft survival and effective PLS prevention, without increasing toxicity, supporting its adoption as an optimal desensitization strategy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamanoiTomoaki en-aut-sei=Yamanoi en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekitoTakanori en-aut-sei=Sekito en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokunagaMoto en-aut-sei=Tokunaga en-aut-mei=Moto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuboiIchiro en-aut-sei=Tsuboi en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinagaKasumi en-aut-sei=Yoshinaga en-aut-mei=Kasumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaYuki en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaTatsushi en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaRisa en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Risa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TominagaYusuke en-aut-sei=Tominaga en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadahiraTakuya en-aut-sei=Sadahira en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataTakehiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraShingo en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=BekkuKensuke en-aut-sei=Bekku en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnishiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Onishi en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiHidemi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Hidemi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorinagaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morinaga en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Kidney transplantation kn-keyword=Kidney transplantation en-keyword=ABO-mismatch kn-keyword=ABO-mismatch en-keyword=Low-dose rituximab kn-keyword=Low-dose rituximab en-keyword=Graft survival kn-keyword=Graft survival en-keyword=Passenger lymphocyte syndrome kn-keyword=Passenger lymphocyte syndrome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1850114 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260529 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bee larvae ameliorate andropause-like symptoms via a hormone-independent, antioxidant mechanism en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH), also known as the male menopause, is characterized by a decline in sexual function as well as various physical and psychological symptoms, including anxiety. Although bee larvae have historically been utilized as a traditional food and medicine, their efficacy and physiological mechanisms of action against male menopausal symptoms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of bee larvae (BL) on sexual and anxiety-like behaviors using two rodent models of the male menopause: aged rats and castrated mice. In the aged rat model (64 weeks old), dietary BL supplementation for 4 weeks significantly attenuated the age-associated decline in ejaculation frequency compared to controls, while no significant effects were observed on mount or intromission frequencies. Notably, plasma analysis revealed no significant differences in testosterone or dihydrotestosterone levels between the BL and control groups. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we evaluated sexual function using a castrated mouse model. While BL supplementation did not affect sexual behavior in intact mice, post-castration BL treatment significantly shortened intromission latency without altering mount frequency. In the elevated plus maze test, BL significantly alleviated castration-induced anxiety-like behaviors and improved exploratory activity. Furthermore, in vitro assays demonstrated that the BL extract exerts potent protective effects against oxidative stress, a pathological factor contributing to both erectile dysfunction and anxiety. These results suggest that BL improves erectile function and anxiety via hormone-independent mechanisms, potentially by mitigating oxidative stress in vascular and neural tissues. Thus, bee larvae represent a promising functional food for ameliorating the multi-faceted physical and psychological symptoms associated with male menopause. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ItoTakashi en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkumuraNobuaki en-aut-sei=Okumura en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtiTakumi en-aut-sei=Oti en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoHirotaka en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Bee Products & Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc. kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=anxiety kn-keyword=anxiety en-keyword=bee larvae kn-keyword=bee larvae en-keyword=late-onset hypogonadism kn-keyword=late-onset hypogonadism en-keyword=oxidative stress kn-keyword=oxidative stress en-keyword=sexual behavior kn-keyword=sexual behavior END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=130 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e2025JB031715 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Linking the Spin Transition of Ferric Iron in δ‐(Al,Fe)OOH to Water Storage in the Lower Mantle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As the most massive geochemical reservoir, the lower mantle affects the Earth's budget of volatile elements, including hydrogen or H2O. The properties of minerals in the lower mantle are further affected by changes in the electronic configurations of iron cations, that is, by spin transitions. The feedback between spin transitions and potential storage of H2O in solid hydrous phases in the lower mantle, however, remains unexplored. By combining high-pressure nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering and high-pressure high-temperature X-ray diffraction experiments, we constrained the thermal equation of state of δ-(Al,Fe)OOH, a member of the phase H solid solution. Based on the derived thermal equation of state of δ-(Al,Fe)OOH and the underlying thermodynamic model, we calculate the excess Gibbs free energy that arises from the spin transition of ferric iron in this compound and evaluate the effect on phase equilibria. The results of our analysis show that the spin transition of ferric iron in phase H may significantly reduce the thermodynamic activity and hence the concentration of H2O in a coexisting hydrous melt. As a consequence, nominally anhydrous minerals of the lower mantle may become dehydrated in the presence of phase H. Our analysis further suggests that, under certain conditions, the spin transition may expand the thermal stability of Fe3+-bearing phase H and create a geochemical link between the storage of H2O in phase H and ferric iron in the lower mantle. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BuchenJohannes en-aut-sei=Buchen en-aut-mei=Johannes kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=PardoOlivia S. en-aut-sei=Pardo en-aut-mei=Olivia S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DobrosavljevicVasilije V. en-aut-sei=Dobrosavljevic en-aut-mei=Vasilije V. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SturhahnWolfgang en-aut-sei=Sturhahn en-aut-mei=Wolfgang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=CharitonStella en-aut-sei=Chariton en-aut-mei=Stella kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=GreenbergEran en-aut-sei=Greenberg en-aut-mei=Eran kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToellnerThomas S. en-aut-sei=Toellner en-aut-mei=Thomas S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=JacksonJennifer M. en-aut-sei=Jackson en-aut-mei=Jennifer M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universit?t Bayreuth kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Now at Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=GSECARS, The University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=GSECARS, The University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology kn-affil= en-keyword=spin transition kn-keyword=spin transition en-keyword=phase H kn-keyword=phase H en-keyword=lower mantle kn-keyword=lower mantle en-keyword=high pressure kn-keyword=high pressure en-keyword=equation of state kn-keyword=equation of state en-keyword=phonon density of states kn-keyword=phonon density of states END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=86 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Immediate and delayed effects of thermal stress on fever-associated seizures in children: A time-stratified case-crossover study in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study aimed to examine the non-linear and delayed effects of thermal stress, measured by the hourly Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), on the risk of pediatric fever-associated seizures (FAS). We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study in Okayama, Japan (May 2015?March 2023), analyzing 3,201 ambulance-attended FAS cases in children younger than 7 years. Using a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) with a 144-h lag, we estimated the association between UTCI and FAS. The analysis revealed a bimodal exposure?response relationship. Moderate Cold Stress (10th percentile, ?1.6 °C) was associated with a significant cumulative odds ratio (OR) of 2.22 (95% CI: 1.22?4.06). Risk also increased at the upper range of No Thermal Stress (24.2 °C; cumulative OR 2.74, 95% CI: 1.63?4.63), extending into Moderate Heat Stress (28.7 °C; cumulative OR 2.26, 95% CI: 1.33?3.84). These effects were primarily delayed to 72?96 h for Moderate Cold and reached a peak around 100 h for Moderate Heat. Strong Heat Stress showed immediate but non-significant risk patterns. These findings suggest that infection-mediated pathways likely drive the observed bimodal risk pattern, demonstrate the utility of high-resolution bioclimatic indices, and can inform the development of temperature-specific public health alerts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamuraYuka en-aut-sei=Yamamura en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UraguchiKensuke en-aut-sei=Uraguchi en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObaraTakafumi en-aut-sei=Obara en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Time-stratified Case-crossover study kn-keyword=Time-stratified Case-crossover study en-keyword=Thermal stress kn-keyword=Thermal stress en-keyword=Fever-associated seizures kn-keyword=Fever-associated seizures en-keyword=Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) kn-keyword=Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) en-keyword=Climate change kn-keyword=Climate change en-keyword=Pediatric emergency kn-keyword=Pediatric emergency END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=皮膚電気インピーダンスを用いた経皮水分蒸散量推定による新たな皮膚バリア機能評価の試み kn-title=An alternative approach based on skin electrical impedance to determine transepidermal water loss for skin barrier function assessments en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UEHARAOsamu en-aut-sei=UEHARA en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=上原治 kn-aut-sei=上原 kn-aut-mei=治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=早産後の母親のボンディングとレジリエンスの関連 kn-title=Associations of Resilience With Bonding Status After Preterm Birth en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HARADASayuri en-aut-sei=HARADA en-aut-mei=Sayuri kn-aut-name=原田さゆり kn-aut-sei=原田 kn-aut-mei=さゆり aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院保健学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Sorachi Aceホップの品種特有香に寄与する香気成分とその相互作用に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SANEKATAAyako en-aut-sei=SANEKATA en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name=實方綾子 kn-aut-sei=實方 kn-aut-mei=綾子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=促成栽培イチゴの生育診断に資する生体計測手法 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TSUBOTAShogo en-aut-sei=TSUBOTA en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name=坪田将吾 kn-aut-sei=坪田 kn-aut-mei=将吾 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=21世紀縦断調査を用いた乳児期のケガとその再発リスクの検討 kn-title=A nationwide longitudinal survey of infantile injury and its recurrence in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HIRAOKATomohiro en-aut-sei=HIRAOKA en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name=平岡知浩 kn-aut-sei=平岡 kn-aut-mei=知浩 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Long COVIDに認められる起立不耐症の臨床的・内分泌学的特徴の検討 kn-title=Clinical and endocrine features of orthostatic intolerance detected in patients with long COVID en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KATOAtsushi en-aut-sei=KATO en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name=加藤篤之 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=篤之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=脳震盪の間隔の延長は青年期ラットにおける認知機能障害の可能性を低減する kn-title=Long intervals between repetitive concussions reduce risk of cognitive impairment and limit microglial activation, astrogliosis, and tauopathy in adolescent rats en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HIRATAYuichi en-aut-sei=HIRATA en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=平田雄一 kn-aut-sei=平田 kn-aut-mei=雄一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=同時性肝転移を有する大腸癌患者における予後マーカーおよび化学療法効果予測因子としてのADAR1 kn-title=ADAR1 as a prognostic marker for patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastasis and a predictor of chemotherapy efficacy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NITTAKaori en-aut-sei=NITTA en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name=新田薫 kn-aut-sei=新田 kn-aut-mei=薫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=胆管狭窄症例におけるブラシ擦過/生検検体に対する迅速細胞診（B-ROSE）の診断性能評価：前向きパイロット研究 kn-title=Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of the Brush/Biopsy Rapid On-Site Evaluation (B-ROSE) in Cases of Bile Duct Stricture: A Prospective, Pilot Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HATTORINao en-aut-sei=HATTORI en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name=服部直 kn-aut-sei=服部 kn-aut-mei=直 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=胸腺癌患者における全胸腺摘出術は部分胸腺摘出術よりも腫瘍学的に優れている：多施設共同実臨床データ解析からの知見 kn-title=Total Thymectomy Is Oncologically Superior to Partial Thymectomy in Patients with Thymic Carcinoma: Insights from a Multicenter Real World Data Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HAYASHITatsuya en-aut-sei=HAYASHI en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name=林龍也 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=龍也 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=13,284人に対するCDK4/6阻害薬のSwitch投与に関するリアルワールドデータ kn-title=Clinical significance on switching CDK4/6 inhibitors among 13,284 patients with metastatic breast cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NISHINATakuya en-aut-sei=NISHINA en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name=仁科卓也 kn-aut-sei=仁科 kn-aut-mei=卓也 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=TGF-β1誘導性関節リウマチ滑膜線維芽細胞の増殖におけるADAM12の関与 kn-title=Involvement of ADAM12 in TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LINDETING en-aut-sei=LIN en-aut-mei=DETING kn-aut-name=林ｺ? kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=ｺ? aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=骨粗鬆性脊椎骨折に対するセメントキャッチングスクリュー法の臨床成績と力学的評価　 kn-title=Clinical Outcomes and Biomechanical Evaluation of the Cement-Catching Screw Technique for Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SHITOZAWAHisakazu en-aut-sei=SHITOZAWA en-aut-mei=Hisakazu kn-aut-name=志渡澤央和 kn-aut-sei=志渡澤 kn-aut-mei=央和 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=オシメルチニブはMYLK4依存的なCDKAL1リン酸化を阻害し 横紋筋肉腫におけるがん幹細胞性と化学療法耐性を抑制する kn-title=Osimertinib inhibits the MYLK4-mediated phosphorylation of CDKAL1 to suppress stemness and chemoresistance in rhabdomyosarcoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ITANOTakuto en-aut-sei=ITANO en-aut-mei=Takuto kn-aut-name=板野拓人 kn-aut-sei=板野 kn-aut-mei=拓人 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=DIN（DNA integrity number）と濃度は、ホルマリン固定パラフィン包埋（FFPE）組織を用いた包括的ながんゲノムプロファイリング検査を成功させるための有用な指標である kn-title=The DNA integrity number and concentration are useful parameters for successful comprehensive genomic profiling test for cancer using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MATSUOKAEmii en-aut-sei=MATSUOKA en-aut-mei=Emii kn-aut-name=松岡絵美衣 kn-aut-sei=松岡 kn-aut-mei=絵美衣 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ゲムシタビンによるIL-8-CXCR1/2経路を介した好中球細胞外トラップの誘導が膵臓癌における化学療法抵抗性を促進する kn-title=Gemcitabine-Induced neutrophil extracellular traps via interleukin-8-CXCR1/2 pathway promote chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NOGIShohei en-aut-sei=NOGI en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name=野木平 kn-aut-sei=野木 kn-aut-mei=平 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ピルフェニドンによるコラーゲン抑制は胃癌腹膜播種に対する腫瘍融解アデノウイルの抗腫瘍効果を向上させる kn-title=Collagen depletion by pirfenidone enhances antitumor effect of oncolytic adenovirus against peritoneal metastases of gastric cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OKURATomohiro en-aut-sei=OKURA en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name=大倉友博 kn-aut-sei=大倉 kn-aut-mei=友博 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= 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Targeting the Proliferating Blood Vessels in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SOEYAMIN en-aut-sei=SOE en-aut-mei=YAMIN kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=回復期リハビリテーション病棟における歯科訪問診療の咬合支持の変化による効果 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KITAZUMEEri en-aut-sei=KITAZUME en-aut-mei=Eri kn-aut-name=北詰栄里 kn-aut-sei=北詰 kn-aut-mei=栄里 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fusobacterium nucleatumの感染が大腸癌細胞の糖鎖発現プロファイルや免疫逃避シグナルに与える影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BIYUFAN en-aut-sei=BI en-aut-mei=YUFAN kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tmem135の過剰発現が唾液分泌に与える影響の検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MIYAKEKota en-aut-sei=MIYAKE en-aut-mei=Kota kn-aut-name=三宅康太 kn-aut-sei=三宅 kn-aut-mei=康太 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=放射線性顎骨壊死の発生に対する咬合の関与 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NAKADAYasuaki en-aut-sei=NAKADA en-aut-mei=Yasuaki kn-aut-name=中田靖章 kn-aut-sei=中田 kn-aut-mei=靖章 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=タンキラーゼのWnt-βカテニン経路制御による骨芽細胞分化の解析 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TSUJIShigetomo en-aut-sei=TSUJI en-aut-mei=Shigetomo kn-aut-name=辻重智 kn-aut-sei=辻 kn-aut-mei=重智 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e70031 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=TFAM-Mediated mtDNA Replication is Essential for Developmental Competence of In Vitro Grown Oocytes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose
Mitochondria are essential for oocyte maturation and early embryonic development, supplying ATP and maintaining mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity. During oogenesis, mtDNA undergoes dramatic amplification, but the mechanisms and functional significance of this process remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in mouse oocytes using an in vitro growth (IVG) system.
Methods
Oocytes at different growth stages were analyzed for mtDNA copy number and expression of mitochondrial biogenesis genes. To assess TFAM function, siRNA targeting Tfam was microinjected into secondary follicles, which were then cultured for 12?days under IVG conditions. Following culture, oocyte growth, mtDNA content, mitochondrial membrane potential, and developmental competence after in vitro fertilization (IVF) were evaluated.
Results
mtDNA copy number increased nonlinearly during oocyte growth, with a pronounced rise at the secondary follicle stage accompanied by TFAM upregulation. TFAM knockdown reduced mtDNA copy number and mitochondrial function without affecting oocyte size or meiotic maturation, but significantly decreased blastocyst formation and total cell numbers per blastocyst.
Conclusions
TFAM-mediated mtDNA replication is crucial for mitochondrial function and developmental competence of IVG-derived oocytes, underscoring its importance in early embryonic development. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DoSon Quang en-aut-sei=Do en-aut-mei=Son Quang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TasakiHidetaka en-aut-sei=Tasaki en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunahashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Funahashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakaiTakuya en-aut-sei=Wakai en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=in vitro growth kn-keyword=in vitro growth en-keyword=mitochondrial biogenesis kn-keyword=mitochondrial biogenesis en-keyword=mtDNA kn-keyword=mtDNA en-keyword=oogenesis kn-keyword=oogenesis en-keyword=TFAM kn-keyword=TFAM END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260526 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Treatment strategies for pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with adult congenital heart diseases en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction
The number of patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) is gradually increasing worldwide due to advances in surgical techniques and pharmacological therapies. ACHD can lead to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and treatment strategies for PAH associated with ACHD have also evolved.

Areas covered
Several PAH-targeted drugs including endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, and prostacyclin analogs are available for treatment of PAH. In this review, we summarized the current evidence regarding the use of PAH-targeted drugs in patients with PAH associated with ACHD. We also propose a ‘treat and repair’ strategy, which involves initial medical treatment to improve PAH followed by surgical or interventional repair of the systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. A PubMed literature search was conducted from 2000 to 2025.

Expert opinion
In cases of PAH associated with a systemic-to-pulmonary cardiac shunt, advanced PAH-targeted drugs can improve hemodynamics, and reduce the risk of cardiac defect repair and further improvement in PAH. The treat and repair strategy represents a promising therapeutic approach for PAH patients associated with systemic-to-pulmonary shunts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KasaharaShingo en-aut-sei=Kasahara en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EjiriKentaro en-aut-sei=Ejiri en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraKazufumi en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Kazufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Adult congenital heart diseases kn-keyword=Adult congenital heart diseases en-keyword=pulmonary arterial hypertension kn-keyword=pulmonary arterial hypertension en-keyword=PAH-targeted drugs kn-keyword=PAH-targeted drugs en-keyword=systemic-to-pulmonary shunt kn-keyword=systemic-to-pulmonary shunt en-keyword=treat and repair strategy kn-keyword=treat and repair strategy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=e004185 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Predictive value of simple echocardiographic parameters for screening pulmonary hypertension under the revised definition: a study for general hospitals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background The current guideline recommends a peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) ?2.9 m/s on echocardiography for pulmonary hypertension (PH) screening; however, this threshold was based on the previous PH definition (mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ?25?mm Hg) and derived largely from PH referral centres.
Methods We retrospectively analysed 755 patients who underwent both transthoracic echocardiography and right heart catheterisation at two general hospitals. The discrimination of peak TRV and estimated right atrial pressure (eRAP), derived from inferior vena cava diameter and respiratory variation, for screening for PH was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Optimal cut-off values were determined with the Youden Index.
Results The c-statistic for peak TRV in detecting PH was 0.82 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.85). An optimal cut-off of 2.7 m/s provided higher sensitivity (72%) than the conventional 2.9 m/s threshold (60%) while maintaining high specificity (82%). In 681 patients with available TRV and eRAP data, adding eRAP improved discrimination compared with TRV alone (c-statistic 0.83 vs 0.80; net reclassification improvement=0.14, p=0.002). eRAP ?5?mm Hg was associated with a higher risk of PH, and the combination of elevated TRV and eRAP yielded the strongest association.
Conclusion For screening under the revised PH definition, a peak TRV of 2.7 m/s is suggested as the optimal cut-off. Although TRV alone showed good discriminative performance, combining it with eRAP further improved diagnostic accuracy using simple echocardiographic measures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaYoshitake en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TayaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Taya en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=EjiriKentaro en-aut-sei=Ejiri en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakayaYoichi en-aut-sei=Takaya en-aut-mei=Yoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=DohiYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Dohi en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kure Kyosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=302 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=113085 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A photoactivatable Cre-loxP system for spatiotemporal genetic manipulation in mouse taste buds en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Conventional genetic approaches, including global gene KO and conditional KO strategies such as the Cre-loxP system, have some limitations arising from systemic effects or insufficient temporal resolution. The recently developed photoactivatable Cre (PA-Cre) system may have a potential to improve spatiotemporal control of gene manipulation. In this study, we established and validated the feasibility of the PA-Cre system using taste buds as a model. We generated TRE-PA-Cre:R26-rtTA/tdTomato mice to evaluate blue-light-induced Cre recombinase activity. Through systematic optimization of illumination parameters, we found that a single session of blue-light-illumination resulted in limited recombination efficiency, whereas a multisession illumination strategy markedly increased recombination efficiency. To further assess the utility of the PA-Cre system for gene KO, we generated TRE-PA-Cre:R26-rtTA:Tas1r3-flox mice and targeted a taste-related gene Tas1r3. Genomic DNA quantitative PCR and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR both showed partial reductions in Tas1r3 at the DNA and mRNA levels, respectively. Behavioral assays further revealed a selective decrease in sensitivity to sweet and umami stimuli. Together, these findings demonstrate PA-Cre-mediated gene manipulation in taste buds and establish a practical optical activation paradigm, providing a high-spatiotemporal-resolution tool for investigating gene function in optically targeted regions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZuoYu en-aut-sei=Zuo en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieKengo en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitohYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Mitoh en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaoTomoka en-aut-sei=Takao en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaradaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Takarada en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KokabuShoichiro en-aut-sei=Kokabu en-aut-mei=Shoichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Cre-loxP kn-keyword=Cre-loxP en-keyword=genetic manipulation kn-keyword=genetic manipulation en-keyword=mouse kn-keyword=mouse en-keyword=photoactivatable Cre kn-keyword=photoactivatable Cre en-keyword=spatiotemporal kn-keyword=spatiotemporal en-keyword=taste kn-keyword=taste END