start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=202615 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Advances and Future Perspectives of Targeted Mutagenesis in Barley en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Targeted mutagenesis technologies, commonly referred to as “genome editing”, have rapidly become transformative tools in crop breeding. Modern crop production faces mounting challenges such as climate change, emerging diseases, and shifting quality demands, creating an urgent need for breeding approaches that enable more precise genetic improvement within shorter timeframes. Targeted mutagenesis capable of introducing mutations accurately and efficiently began with the development of meganucleases and subsequently evolved through ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR/Cas systems. Recent technological advances, including multiplex editing and DNA-free genome editing, have made direct modification of elite cultivars increasingly feasible, helping to overcome long-standing barriers associated with genotype dependency and the complexity of polyploid genomes. Targeted mutagenesis has now been applied to a wide range of breeding targets, including disease resistance, tolerance to abiotic stresses, yield-related traits, and quality traits. Moreover, machine learning and AI are beginning to support target selection and phenotype prediction, ushering in an era in which genome editing can be integrated into breeding programs more rationally and efficiently. These scientific developments coincide with regulatory shifts in many countries toward easing restrictions on new genomic techniques (NGTs), particularly by treating SDN-1 genome-edited crops equivalently to those produced through conventional breeding. Such changes are expected to accelerate field trials, commercialization, and international collaboration. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including bottlenecks in transformation efficiency, off-target assessment, the control of complex traits, societal acceptance, and unresolved regulatory details. Even so, genome editing is poised to become a central technology in next-generation cereal breeding, enabling the development of cultivars with greater resilience, productivity, and adaptability to diverse industrial needs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HisanoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Hisano en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=CRISPR/Cas9 kn-keyword=CRISPR/Cas9 en-keyword=genome editing kn-keyword=genome editing en-keyword=Hordeum vulgare kn-keyword=Hordeum vulgare en-keyword=plant breeding kn-keyword=plant breeding en-keyword=transformation amenability kn-keyword=transformation amenability END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=20 article-no= start-page=3393 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Initial Psychometric Evaluation of the Japanese Version of the Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (CKDSE-J) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Self-efficacy is an important determinant of self-care among adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (CKD-SE) is a disease-specific measure, but its use has not been reported in Japan. This study translated and culturally adapted the CKD-SE into Japanese and conducted an initial psychometric evaluation. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Japanese adults with CKD stages G3a?G5 not receiving dialysis. Structural validity and internal consistency were evaluated in 227 participants, and construct validity was evaluated in 222. Structural validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). Results: The original 25-item four-factor CFA showed a poor fit, and ESEM yielded an improper solution involving Item 19. Sequential evaluation resulted in a 23-item structure. The 23-item CFA showed mixed fit, whereas Target ESEM showed improved overall fit (CFI = 0.935, TLI = 0.902, RMSEA = 0.060, SRMR = 0.033). However, several autonomy items showed weak target loadings and cross-loadings. Proposed subscale scores correlated positively with self-care behavior (r = 0.27?0.46), and McDonald’s omega ranged from 0.84 to 0.90. Conclusions: The 23-item CKDSE-J showed improved overall model fit under Target ESEM, but the structural definition of autonomy remained uncertain. Because the structure was refined and evaluated in the same sample, independent replication and further psychometric evaluation are needed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GengTingting en-aut-sei=Geng en-aut-mei=Tingting kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiwaraYuki en-aut-sei=Kajiwara en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimotoMichiko en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Doctor’s Program, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=chronic kidney disease kn-keyword=chronic kidney disease en-keyword=self-efficacy kn-keyword=self-efficacy en-keyword=self-care kn-keyword=self-care en-keyword=cultural adaptation kn-keyword=cultural adaptation en-keyword=psychometric evaluation kn-keyword=psychometric evaluation en-keyword=exploratory structural equation modeling kn-keyword=exploratory structural equation modeling END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=07SP13 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260406 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Study of preload mechanism for small piezoelectric transducers with hollow structure for cryogenic environments en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In various industrial fields, cryogenic fluids such as liquid hydrogen and liquid nitrogen are increasingly used as fuels and refrigerants. To control the flow rate of those fluids, valves that can be operated in cryogenic environments are needed. In general, the miniaturization of the valve can be achieved by using a piezoelectric ceramic as an actuator to drive the mechanism. Additionally, the properties degradation can be suppressed by applying a preload to the piezoelectric ceramic. To miniaturize the piezoelectric actuator applying preload at low temperature conditions, we use differences in thermal expansion coefficients to apply preload to the piezoelectric ceramics. In this study, we have designed and fabricated a small piezoelectric transducer with a hollow structure for cryogenic environments by using this proposed structure. To evaluate the fabricated transducer, we have measured vibration velocity and estimated the acceleration in cryogenic environments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MimuraSouta en-aut-sei=Mimura en-aut-mei=Souta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaTakefumi en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Takefumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboKazuki en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakimotoShuichi en-aut-sei=Wakimoto en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261007 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Temporally structured plasticity in death-feigning behavior in response to nutritional conditions in Tribolium castaneum en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Investment in antipredator behavior and foraging both directly influence fitness, yet these investments are often subject to trade-offs. In income-breeding species, individuals may initially prioritize foraging after adult emergence and subsequently increase investment in antipredator behavior as their nutritional condition improves. In this study, we investigated temporal changes in death-feigning behavior, an antipredator response, in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum from immediately after adult emergence. Both fed and starved individuals exhibited an increase in death-feigning duration with time after emergence. However, in starved individuals, this trend reversed after approximately 15 days, with a marked decline in duration. These results suggest that the increase in investment in death-feigning behavior early in adulthood is relatively inflexible, whereas behavioral responses become highly plastic in response to environmental conditions around day 15. Furthermore, individuals that were fed until day 18 before starvation showed a less pronounced behavioral change than those subjected to starvation from the beginning of the experimental period, suggesting that the timing of environmental exposure may influence subsequent behavioral responses. Together, these findings suggest that behavioral plasticity is not constant over time but is instead structured across developmental stages. We propose a novel conceptual framework, termed temporally structured plasticity (TSP), to describe this pattern. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShibuyaKohjiro en-aut-sei=Shibuya en-aut-mei=Kohjiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumuraKentarou en-aut-sei=Matsumura en-aut-mei=Kentarou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyatakeTakahisa en-aut-sei=Miyatake en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Avoiding attack kn-keyword=Avoiding attack en-keyword=Beetle kn-keyword=Beetle en-keyword=Playing dead kn-keyword=Playing dead en-keyword=Thanatosis kn-keyword=Thanatosis en-keyword=Post-contact immobility kn-keyword=Post-contact immobility en-keyword=Tonic immobility kn-keyword=Tonic immobility END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=30805 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260704 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) underlies the orange lemma trait and lignin reduction in barley en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the world’s major cereal crops and is widely used for feed, brewing, and food. Reducing lignin content in barley grain and straw is beneficial for improving forage digestibility and enhancing the efficiency of bioethanol production. The orange lemma mutation?characterized by orange pigmentation of husks and nodes?has long been associated with altered lignin metabolism; however, its genetic basis has remained unclear. We show that Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase (CAD) is the causal gene underlying the orange lemma phenotype in barley. Genetic mapping using a ‘Haruna Nijo’?×?‘L053’ F? population and the Barley 50 K SNP array defined a candidate region on chromosome 6H containing the CAD gene. Sequence analysis revealed that all orange lemma mutants, including both naturally occurring and EMS-induced lines, carried nucleotide changes in the CAD gene, resulting in amino acid substitutions or premature stop codons. Furthermore, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of CAD in the cultivar ‘Golden Promise’ reproduced the orange lemma phenotype, providing functional validation. The knockout plants also showed significantly lower lignin content than wild-type plants. These findings resolve a long-standing question regarding the genetic basis of the orange lemma trait and demonstrate that disruption of CAD alters lignin accumulation in barley. This work provides a valuable genetic resource for breeding barley cultivars with improved biomass utilization for feed and bioenergy applications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaMaho en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Maho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamajiNami en-aut-sei=Yamaji en-aut-mei=Nami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakoRinka en-aut-sei=Kako en-aut-mei=Rinka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshijimaTomokazu en-aut-sei=Ushijima en-aut-mei=Tomokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisanoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Hisano en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Setsunan University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Setsunan University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase (CAD) kn-keyword=Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase (CAD) en-keyword=Barley kn-keyword=Barley en-keyword=Orange lemma kn-keyword=Orange lemma en-keyword=Lignin kn-keyword=Lignin en-keyword=Genome editing kn-keyword=Genome editing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=1525 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260204 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bioinformatic Prediction of Activation States in Molecular Network Pathways of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 (EIF2) Signaling and Coronavirus Pathogenesis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2) signaling plays a crucial role in regulating mRNA translation and initiating eukaryotic protein synthesis. Computational molecular network pathway analysis of the canonical pathways of the coronaviral infection revealed that EIF2 signaling is inactivated when the coronavirus pathogenesis pathway is activated and vice versa. Our computational analyses indicated that the coronavirus pathogenesis pathway and EIF2 signaling had inverse activation states. Computational investigation of upstream or downstream microRNA (miRNA) revealed that EIF2 signaling directly interacted with miRNAs, including let-7, miR-1292-3p (miRNAs with the seed CGCGCCC), miR-15, miR-34, miR-378, miR-493, miR-497, miR-7, miR-8, and MIRLET7. A total of 36 nodes, including 8 molecules (ATF4, BCL2, CCND1, DDIT3, EIF2A, EIF2AK3, EIF4E, and ERK1/2), 1 complex (the ribosomal 40s subunit), and 1 function (apoptosis) in the coronavirus pathogenesis pathway, overlapped with EIF2 signaling. Alterations in EIF2 signaling may play a role in the pathogenesis of coronavirus. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanabeShihori en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Shihori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=QuaderSabina en-aut-sei=Quader en-aut-mei=Sabina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoRyuichi en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHiroyoshi Y. en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=CabralHoracio en-aut-sei=Cabral en-aut-mei=Horacio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Risk Assessment, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Innovation Centre of NanoMedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology, Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= en-keyword=coronavirus kn-keyword=coronavirus en-keyword=EIF2 signaling kn-keyword=EIF2 signaling en-keyword=microRNA kn-keyword=microRNA en-keyword=molecular pathway kn-keyword=molecular pathway en-keyword=network activation kn-keyword=network activation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261005 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental evolution of female mating responses to infertile males in Tribolium castaneum en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In many animal populations, infertile males?those unable to reproduce?are commonly present. If females mate exclusively with such males, they fail to produce offspring. How, then, do females deal with this situation? Distinguishing infertile from fertile males both before and after copulation is difficult for females. Here, we tested the hypothesis of bet-hedging polyandry, in which females mitigate the risk of reproductive failure by mating with multiple males, using experimental evolution in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum). Females were cohabited with males artificially sterilized by sublethal radiation and with untreated males at a 1:1 ratio (sterile:untreated). After more than 15 generations, females from the treatment strains did not avoid mating with infertile males, leading to reduced reproductive success. However, compared with the control strains, females from the treated strains tended to mate with a greater number of males. The results raise the possibility that increased polyandry (mating with multiple males) may evolve rather than relying on pre- or post-copulatory discrimination to mitigate the risk posed by infertile males. Bet-hedging is a strategy that spreads or minimizes risk under uncertainty, and these results are consistent with the hypothesis that polyandry can function as a bet-hedging strategy against uncertain male fertility. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiiYui en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanoYui en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoriKenta en-aut-sei=Kori en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumuraKentarou en-aut-sei=Matsumura en-aut-mei=Kentarou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiYukio en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HimuroChihiro en-aut-sei=Himuro en-aut-mei=Chihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamotoYutaka en-aut-sei=Nakamoto en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SokeiYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Sokei en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyatakeTakahisa en-aut-sei=Miyatake en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Okinawa Prefectural Plant Protection Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Okinawa Prefectural Plant Protection Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Okinawa Prefectural Plant Protection Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Beetle kn-keyword=Beetle en-keyword=Bet-hedging kn-keyword=Bet-hedging en-keyword=Copulation kn-keyword=Copulation en-keyword=Matingbehavior kn-keyword=Matingbehavior en-keyword=Reproductive failure kn-keyword=Reproductive failure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=132 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261007 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=No evidence for differential allocation or sex ratio adjustment in response to male attractiveness in the broad-horned flour beetle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sexual selection theory predicts that females can enhance the benefits of mate choice by increasing reproductive investment (differential allocation) or by biasing offspring sex ratios toward sons (sex ratio adjustment) when mating with attractive males. Clear empirical support for these hypotheses has been documented in many vertebrate taxa, whereas relatively few studies have tested them in invertebrates. Here, we investigated whether females adjust reproductive investment and offspring sex ratio in response to male attractiveness in the beetle Gnatocerus cornutus. We assessed male attractiveness using copulation latency and examined its associations with female lifetime reproductive success, egg size, and offspring sex ratio under single-mating conditions. Our results, however, provide no support for either the differential allocation or sex ratio adjustment hypotheses: females did not alter reproductive investment or offspring sex ratio according to mate quality. In this species, male sexual phenotypes are strongly influenced by environmental conditions. Such phenotype?genotype mismatches may reduce the reliability of male traits as indicators of genetic quality and increase the likelihood of assessment errors by females. This may explain the absence of maternal allocation in relation to mate attractiveness in G. cornutus. Instead, previous work on this beetle indicates that females can secure genetic benefits by remating with more attractive males and biasing fertilization toward their sperm. Our findings therefore suggest that postcopulatory mechanisms, rather than differential maternal allocation, provide a more effective route for females to secure the benefits of mate choice in G. cornutus. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkadaKensuke en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiyoseKatsuya en-aut-sei=Kiyose en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsukiMasako en-aut-sei=Katsuki en-aut-mei=Masako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Seibukasei Co., Ltd kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University kn-affil= en-keyword=Fisherian process kn-keyword=Fisherian process en-keyword=good genes kn-keyword=good genes en-keyword=horned beetle kn-keyword=horned beetle en-keyword=life-history evolution kn-keyword=life-history evolution en-keyword=sexual selection kn-keyword=sexual selection END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=2213 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261002 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Single-Cell Genomics Uncovers an Unexpectedly Abundant, Phylogenetically Hyperdiverse Patescibacteria (Candidate Phyla Radiation) Community in Agricultural Paddy Soil en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Patescibacteria, also known as the Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR), are among the most diverse yet functionally reduced bacterial lineages whose diversity in agricultural soils remains poorly characterized. We applied single-cell genomics to bulk soil from an unfertilized paddy field after rice harvest and drainage. From 384 randomly sorted single cells, 126 medium-to-high-quality SAGs (Single-Amplified Genomes) were recovered, spanning 24 bacterial and archaeal phyla. Unexpectedly, 108 of the 384 SAGs (28.1%) were assigned to Patescibacteria?the most frequently recovered phylum?including 42 of the 126 reliable SAGs. These genomes were notably small (mean 973 kb vs. 1.4?3.2 Mb for other phyla). Because CheckM underestimates completeness in reduced CPR genomes, CheckM2 was applied, raising mean completeness from 59.9% to 83.3% and reclassifying 15 genomes as near-complete (>90%). Phylogenomic analysis using 16 ribosomal protein markers revealed extensive diversity and low average amino acid identity to reference genomes (mean 44.6%), indicating substantial taxonomic novelty. Despite this diversity, functional annotation and OrthoFinder analysis showed a conserved, reduced gene repertoire dominated by translation and DNA repair genes and depleted in amino acid, cofactor, and nucleotide biosynthesis. These results show that modest soil sampling can recover outsized Patescibacteria diversity, underscoring the need for CPR-appropriate completeness assessment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AliArslan en-aut-sei=Ali en-aut-mei=Arslan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaishoDaisuke en-aut-sei=Saisho en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MochidaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Mochida en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniAkio en-aut-sei=Tani en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Patescibacteria kn-keyword=Patescibacteria en-keyword=Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR) kn-keyword=Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR) en-keyword=single-cell genomics kn-keyword=single-cell genomics en-keyword=paddy soil kn-keyword=paddy soil END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=742 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260914 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Rapid fluvial response to meter-scale coseismic coastal uplift during the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The response of river profiles to relative base-level change is a key topic in earth surface processes, but observations capturing these changes on unconsolidated deposits at a 1?10 years timescales are scarce. We monitored geomorphic changes at the Hakka River mouth after the 3.5-meter base-level fall caused by coseismic uplift of the 2024 Noto Peninsula earthquake, Japan. Utilizing uncrewed aerial vehicle surveys, we documented a maximum vertical riverbed lowering of 2?m and knickpoint upstream migration of 770-m within the first-year post-earthquake, primarily triggered by erosion during major floods that followed the earthquake. Our findings demonstrate that fluvial terraces can develop within a year or less, following co-seismic coastal uplift. However, the river has not yet reached a renewed graded stage because riverbed armoring resulting from sediment sorting during incision currently inhibits further incision. We suggest that the abandonment of alluvial plains and lowering and widening of the riverbed in the lower 10-km segment will continue over the next decade. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraTakuro en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Takuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IizukaKotaro en-aut-sei=Iizuka en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasaYoshiya en-aut-sei=Iwasa en-aut-mei=Yoshiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaYuichi S. en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Yuichi S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AokiTatsuto en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Tatsuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MattaNobuhisa en-aut-sei=Matta en-aut-mei=Nobuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hitotsubashi University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Education, University of Teacher Education Fukuoka kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Center for Spatial Information Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Human and Social Sciences, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=11689307 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tourism Demand Forecasting Using Machine Learning with Cross-Model Feature Ranking en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study proposes a machine learning (ML) framework for forecasting tourist visits to a destination, leveraging feature ranking consistency across heterogeneous models. The proposed framework uses a unified stepwise feature selection pipeline to systematically determine a subset of given features that reduces prediction error of an ML model. The transferability of feature rankings is demonstrated through experiments using ML models including Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, and Support Vector Regression (SVR), and a dataset related to tourist visits to West Sumatra, Indonesia. Experimental results show that i) SVR using top four features in the feature ranking based on SHAP achieves the highest accuracy and ii) application of the feature ranking based on XGBoost improves performance stability across other models, reducing error fluctuations. These findings reveal that an optimized feature subset combined with cross-model ranking transfer can outperform more complex ensembles, highlighting the importance of ranking robustness in tourism forecasting. The proposed framework provides a methodological foundation for building interpretable and dataefficient decision support systems for tourism management and policy planning. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HendraYomei en-aut-sei=Hendra en-aut-mei=Yomei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MigitaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Migita en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiNorikazu en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Norikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=tourism forecasting kn-keyword=tourism forecasting en-keyword=machine learning kn-keyword=machine learning en-keyword=support vector regression kn-keyword=support vector regression en-keyword=XGBoost kn-keyword=XGBoost en-keyword=feature ranking kn-keyword=feature ranking END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Novel Iterative Method for Principal Component Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a statistical method used for identifying key patterns from a given dataset and reducing its dimensions, while retaining most of the original information. The power method, which is one of the most well-known algorithms for PCA, is simple and easy to implement. However it obtains the specified number of principal components one by one. In this paper, we propose a novel iterative method for PCA, which is expressed as a system of nonlinear difference equations. Unlike the power method, the proposed method can obtain the specified number of principal components in parallel. We also show results of numerical experiments and theoretical analysis to verify the validity of the proposed method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=CaoQiuyun en-aut-sei=Cao en-aut-mei=Qiuyun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HattoriKotaro en-aut-sei=Hattori en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MigitaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Migita en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiNorikazu en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Norikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=principal component analysis kn-keyword=principal component analysis en-keyword=power method kn-keyword=power method en-keyword=discrete-time nonlinear system kn-keyword=discrete-time nonlinear system en-keyword=equilibrium point kn-keyword=equilibrium point en-keyword=stability kn-keyword=stability END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=37 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Delta morphology reveals timings of early ocean regression and hydrologic shift on ancient Mars en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mars’ ancient hydrologic history remains a subject of debate, with competing interpretations suggesting either a large ocean or scattered lacustrine environments. Here, we show that delta morphology on Mars records a shift between these hydrologic regimes. Through controlled tank experiments, we identify two distinct delta types: “lobe-extruding deltas” formed during water-level falls and “stepped fan-deltas” formed during rising water levels. The lobe-extruding deltas occur near proposed paleo-coastlines and are dated to ~3.8?3.2 Ga, consistent with the existence of a Late Noachian?Hesperian ocean and its subsequent regression in the Late Hesperian. In contrast, stepped fan-deltas are found at a wider range of elevations and exhibit significantly younger ages (~2.1?0.1 Ga), suggesting episodic, localized lake formation during the Amazonian. Our findings constrain the timing of the planetary-scale transition from a global hydrosphere to localized aqueous environments and refine the understanding of Mars’ paleoclimate evolution and potential habitability. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitoRen en-aut-sei=Kito en-aut-mei=Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RujTrishit en-aut-sei=Ruj en-aut-mei=Trishit kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MutoTetsuji en-aut-sei=Muto en-aut-mei=Tetsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OriGian Gabriele en-aut-sei=Ori en-aut-mei=Gian Gabriele kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomatsuGoro en-aut-sei=Komatsu en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Environmental Science, Nagasaki University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Universit? d’Annunzio kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Universit? d’Annunzio kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=248 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=117443 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202611 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Molecular characteristics and clinical outcomes of ERBB2-activating mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer: A Japanese nationwide real-world cohort en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2)-activating mutations are well-documented oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), occurring in approximately 1?4% of cases. These alterations include a heterogeneous spectrum of variant subtypes; however, the clinicogenomic characteristics and clinical significance of the individual variants have yet to be elucidated.
Methods: We searched the nationwide Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics database, which integrates comprehensive genome profiling data generated in routine clinical practice across Japan, to investigate the molecular landscape and clinical outcomes of patients with ERBB2-mutated NSCLC.
Results: A total of 319 patients with ERBB2-activating mutations were included in this retrospective analysis. Although 74% of the patients harbored canonical tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) in-frame insertions, 26% carried noncanonical variants, including TKD missense (8%), transmembrane/juxtamembrane domain (10%), and extracellular domain (ECD) mutations (8%). Co-occurring oncogenic driver alterations were identified in only 18 cases (5.6%) and were largely restricted to noncanonical variants, whereas no co-occurring driver alterations were detected among patients with TKD in-frame mutations. Noncanonical variants?TKD missense and ECD mutations in particular?were associated with an increased tumor mutational burden. Among 288 patients with available survival data, 78 (27%) received trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) during their clinical course. After excluding patients who had started treatment with T-DXd before undergoing comprehensive genome profiling testing, time-dependent T-DXd exposure was associated with a reduced risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.39?1.01; P?=?0.057).
Conclusions: ERBB2-mutated NSCLC exhibited substantial molecular heterogeneity, with canonical TKD in-frame insertions characterized by a low frequency of co-occurring oncogenic driver alterations. Among patients harboring ERBB2-activating mutations, exposure to T-DXd was associated with improved overall survival. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamashitaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Kiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomidaShuta en-aut-sei=Tomida en-aut-mei=Shuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakataEiji en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaAyako en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraNaofumi en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Naofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakadaKenji en-aut-sei=Takada en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoGo en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboToshio en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnnishiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ennishi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=ERBB2 mutation kn-keyword=ERBB2 mutation en-keyword=Variant subtype kn-keyword=Variant subtype en-keyword=Comprehensive genomic profiling kn-keyword=Comprehensive genomic profiling en-keyword=Trastuzumab-deruxtecan kn-keyword=Trastuzumab-deruxtecan en-keyword=Non-small cell lung cancer kn-keyword=Non-small cell lung cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=315 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260527 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Limited Immune-Mediated Efficacy of Anti-PD-L1/VEGF in EGFR-TKI-Na?ve Egfr-Mutant Lung Cancer with Non-Inflamed Tumor Microenvironment en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show limited efficacy in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant lung adenocarcinoma due to its non-inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME). While quadruple therapy combining chemotherapy, anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies has shown inconsistent results in EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-pretreated patients, whether anti-VEGF therapy can modulate the intrinsic non-inflamed TME remains unknown. We employed an EGFR-TKI-na?ve syngeneic Egfr-mutant mouse model and evaluated effects of anti-VEGF, anti-PD-L1, carboplatin, and paclitaxel as monotherapies and combinations, with TME analysis via immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry, and RNA sequencing. Anti-PD-L1 showed no antitumor effect, and adding anti-VEGF failed to convert the TME to an inflamed status. Although paclitaxel?but not carboplatin?combined with low-dose anti-VEGF inhibited tumor growth, adding anti-PD-L1 provided no benefit, indicating the anti-VEGF-A antibody evaluated here has a limited role in sensitizing tumors to anti-PD-L1 regardless of chemotherapy. CD8+ T-cell depletion did not attenuate the effect of paclitaxel plus low-dose anti-VEGF, and IHC and RNA sequencing revealed increased natural killer cell infiltration, suggesting a CD8+ T-cell-independent, innate immune mechanism. These findings provide preclinical evidence that the evaluated anti-VEGF has limited immunomodulatory activity in EGFR-TKI-na?ve Egfr-mutant tumors with a non-inflamed TME, and suggest immunotherapeutic strategies beyond CD8+ T-cell-mediated immunity warrant investigation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirabaeAtsuko en-aut-sei=Hirabae en-aut-mei=Atsuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuribayashiTadahiro en-aut-sei=Kuribayashi en-aut-mei=Tadahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomidaShuta en-aut-sei=Tomida en-aut-mei=Shuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkawaSachi en-aut-sei=Okawa en-aut-mei=Sachi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakasukaTakamasa en-aut-sei=Nakasuka en-aut-mei=Takamasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiiKazuya en-aut-sei=Nishii en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraJun en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoGo en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Kiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigoHisao en-aut-sei=Higo en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaiKammei en-aut-sei=Rai en-aut-mei=Kammei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoMasamichi en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Masamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Product Research Department, Kamakura Research Laboratories, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=EGFR mutation kn-keyword=EGFR mutation en-keyword=non-small cell lung cancer kn-keyword=non-small cell lung cancer en-keyword=syngeneic mouse model kn-keyword=syngeneic mouse model en-keyword=antitumor immunity kn-keyword=antitumor immunity en-keyword=non-inflamed tumor kn-keyword=non-inflamed tumor en-keyword=VEGF kn-keyword=VEGF en-keyword=PD-L1 kn-keyword=PD-L1 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260913 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical Significance of a Cell-Of-Origin-Based Classification in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with limited therapeutic options and poor clinical outcomes. Although PDAC has traditionally been thought to arise from ductal epithelial cells, recent studies using genetically engineered mouse models have demonstrated that acinar cells can also serve as a cell of origin, giving rise to tumors with distinct biological properties. Here, we investigated whether such lineage-specific differences are preserved in human PDAC. RNA sequencing was performed on resected specimens from 40 treatment-na?ve patients with PDAC, and tumors were classified into Acinar- and Ductal-subtypes using lineage-specific gene expression signatures derived from mouse models. This classification strategy was further applied to human PDAC cell lines, followed by in vitro drug sensitivity assays. Patients with Acinar-subtype tumors had significantly longer overall survival than those with Ductal-subtype tumors (median, 54.0 vs. 26.5?months; p? Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 207 patients with R/M HNSCC treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab at a single institution. Early progression was defined as disease progression within 90 days after ICI initiation. Associations between clinicopathological factors and early progression were evaluated using logistic regression analyses.
Results: Early progression was observed in 80 patients (38.6%). In an exploratory survival comparison, patients with early progression had significantly shorter overall survival than those without early progression. Early progression rates increased from distant-only disease to locoregional-only disease and combined locoregional and distant disease. In multivariable analysis, combined locoregional, and distant disease showed the strongest independent association with early progression. Elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and hypoalbuminemia were also independently associated with early progression. In contrast, treatment regimen, treatment line, number of lesions, and bulky disease were not significantly associated with early progression.
Conclusion: Disease distribution was associated with early progression after ICI initiation in patients with R/M HNSCC, with combined locoregional and distant disease showing the strongest independent association. These findings suggest that both disease status and host condition may influence failure to achieve adequate disease control shortly after ICI initiation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NodaHiroki en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakinoTakuma en-aut-sei=Makino en-aut-mei=Takuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaoiYuto en-aut-sei=Naoi en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoShohei en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMizuo en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Mizuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology?Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology?Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology?Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology?Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology?Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=head and neck squamous cell carcinoma kn-keyword=head and neck squamous cell carcinoma en-keyword=immune checkpoint inhibitor kn-keyword=immune checkpoint inhibitor en-keyword=early progression kn-keyword=early progression en-keyword=locoregional disease kn-keyword=locoregional disease en-keyword=recurrent/metastatic disease kn-keyword=recurrent/metastatic disease END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260929 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index Predicts Short‐ and Long‐Term Outcomes in the Oldest‐Old With Colorectal Cancer: A Multi‐Institutional Analysis of 225 Nonagenarians en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aim: Surgical outcomes for colorectal cancer (CRC) in nonagenarians remain uncertain due to frailty, comorbidities, and malnutrition. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is associated with surgical outcomes in older patients with CRC, but its prognostic value in nonagenarians is unclear. This study evaluated the GNRI's predictive value for short- and long-term surgical outcomes in this population.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 225 nonagenarians undergoing surgical resection of CRC at 15 institutions between 2011 and 2022. Patients were stratified by GNRI-high/low status using two cutoffs: 98 (Cohort 1) and 86 (Cohort 2). Outcomes included postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, and overall survival (OS). Stabilized inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to adjust for measured confounding.
Results: The median age was 92?years (female, 64.9%; colon cancer, 79.6%). GNRI-high patients had higher body mass index and albumin levels. Complication rates did not differ between the groups. After adjustment, GNRI-high patients in Cohort 1 had a shorter expected hospital stay (ratio 0.70, 95% CI 0.51?0.96; p?=?0.025) but no significant OS difference. In Cohort 2, GNRI-high patients had better OS (p? Conclusions: Preoperative GNRI was associated with hospital stay and OS in nonagenarians undergoing CRC surgery, although the OS association was significant only with the cohort-derived cutoff of 86, which requires external validation, and not with the literature-based cutoff of 98. The GNRI is a simple tool to stratify surgical risk and optimize perioperative nutritional status in this vulnerable population. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ToshimaToshiaki en-aut-sei=Toshima en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeraishiFuminori en-aut-sei=Teraishi en-aut-mei=Fuminori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakanagaSatoe en-aut-sei=Takanaga en-aut-mei=Satoe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=InadaRyo en-aut-sei=Inada en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaniTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Ohtani en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyosuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriNaoto en-aut-sei=Hori en-aut-mei=Naoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigemitsuKaoru en-aut-sei=Shigemitsu en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoSumiharu en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Sumiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaTetsushi en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Tetsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkanoYuka en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NobuhisaTetsuji en-aut-sei=Nobuhisa en-aut-mei=Tetsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiFumitaka en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Fumitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaWataru en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShojiRyohei en-aut-sei=Shoji en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaTatsuo en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmeokaTatsuo en-aut-sei=Umeoka en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=The Setouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration Study Group en-aut-sei=The Setouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration Study Group en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kagawa Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Saiseikai Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tottori Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kobe Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Onomichi City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Himeji Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=colorectal cancer kn-keyword=colorectal cancer en-keyword=geriatric nutritional risk index kn-keyword=geriatric nutritional risk index en-keyword=oldest-old patients kn-keyword=oldest-old patients en-keyword=overall survival kn-keyword=overall survival en-keyword=surgical outcome kn-keyword=surgical outcome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260929 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Natural Variation in Brachypodium distachyon Primarily Links Lignin Reinforcement to Rhizoctonia solani Resistance en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FernandaRozi en-aut-sei=Fernanda en-aut-mei=Rozi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MahadevanNiranjan en-aut-sei=Mahadevan en-aut-mei=Niranjan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMegumi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataNanami en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiHidenori en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoutoshiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Noutoshi en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Tea Research Institute of Sri Lanka kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=61 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=299 end-page=302 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202505 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Histological Features and Gene Expression Profiling in Lung Transplantation From Donation After Circulatory Death en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkazakiMikio en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mikio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaueTomohisa en-aut-sei=Sakaue en-aut-mei=Tomohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaShin en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboYujiro en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Yujiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiTatsuya en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=RamilElvira en-aut-sei=Ramil en-aut-mei=Elvira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=S?nchez-L?pezAntonio J. en-aut-sei=S?nchez-L?pez en-aut-mei=Antonio J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=CoronadoMar?a Jose en-aut-sei=Coronado en-aut-mei=Mar?a Jose kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoyosLucas en-aut-sei=Hoyos en-aut-mei=Lucas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=RomeroAlejandra en-aut-sei=Romero en-aut-mei=Alejandra kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=Gomez-de-AntonioDavid en-aut-sei=Gomez-de-Antonio en-aut-mei=David kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Sequencing and Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Biobank, Instituto de Investigaci?n Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Confocal Microscopy Unit, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250311 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An XAI-based meta-parameter tuning for time-series forecasting en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=How can we efficiently determine meta-parameter values for deep learning-based time-series forecasting given a time-series dataset? This paper introduces Xtune, an efficient and novel meta-parameter tuning method for deep learning-based time-series forecasting, leveraging explainable AI techniques. In particular, this study focuses on optimizing the window size for time-series forecasting. Xtune determines the optimal meta-parameter value for these methods and can also be applied to tune the window size for anomaly detection methods that utilize deep learning-based time-series forecasting. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets and forecasting methods demonstrate that Xtune efficiently identifies the optimal meta-parameter value and consistently outperforms the existing methods in terms of execution speed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakagawaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumitaShimon en-aut-sei=Sumita en-aut-mei=Shimon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuchiyaTatsuhiro en-aut-sei=Tsuchiya en-aut-mei=Tatsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Osaka University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Osaka University kn-affil= en-keyword=Parameter optimization kn-keyword=Parameter optimization en-keyword=XAI kn-keyword=XAI en-keyword=Deep learning kn-keyword=Deep learning en-keyword=Time-series forecasting kn-keyword=Time-series forecasting en-keyword=Anomaly detection kn-keyword=Anomaly detection END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=30 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250220 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Relationship Between Heated Tobacco Products and Placental Abruption: A Prospective Cohort Study Using Online Questionnaire en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Placental abruption (PA) is a critical obstetric complication, with maternal smoking recognized as a key risk factor. Despite the increased use of heated tobacco products (HTPs), the impact of HTPs remains unclear. This study investigated whether pregnant women using HTPs are at a higher risk of PA than non-users.
Methods: We analyzed data from “the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey,” a prospective, self-reported online survey cohort. Questionnaires were randomly distributed between July 28, 2021, and August 30, 2021. Pregnant respondents in 2021 were invited to complete an additional survey from February 14, 2022, to February 28, 2022. We set the outcome as the absolute risk difference (aRD) and relative risk ratio (rRR) of PA incidence due to smoking HTPs in the first trimester of pregnancy. The sample size included 12 836 participants. We calculated outcomes using a generalized linear model (GLM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). We also performed a Bayesian approach and multiple-bias analysis for sensitivity analysis.
Results: We found the robust aRD of 0.07 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06, 0.09) and the rRR of 11.3 (95% CI: 7.5, 17.0). Multiple bias analyses showed that unmeasurable confounders would need to have at least an rRR?=?14 relationship with both exposure and outcome to disprove the observed association. There has not been post hoc analysis or secondary use of data.
Conclusion: Early pregnancy use of HTPs is associated with an increased risk of PA. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OobaHikaru en-aut-sei=Ooba en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakiJota en-aut-sei=Maki en-aut-mei=Jota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabuchiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Tabuchi en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi en-aut-sei=Masuyama en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Placental abruption kn-keyword=Placental abruption en-keyword=Heated tobacco products kn-keyword=Heated tobacco products en-keyword=Pregnancy kn-keyword=Pregnancy en-keyword=Tobacco use kn-keyword=Tobacco use END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=980 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=117 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250207 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. V. Distance Estimation with Neutrinos en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Neutrinos are pivotal signals in multimessenger observations of supernovae (SNe). Recent advancements in the analysis method of supernova (SN) neutrinos, especially in quantitative analysis, have significantly broadened scientific possibilities. This study demonstrates the feasibility of estimating distances to SNe using neutrinos. This estimation utilizes the direct relationship between the radius of a neutron star (NS) and the distance to the supernova, which is analogous to main-sequence fitting. The radius of an NS is determined with an approximate uncertainty of 10% through observations such as X-rays and gravitational waves. By integrating this information, the distance to the supernova can be estimated with an uncertainty of within 15% at a 95% confidence level. It has been established that neutrinos can pinpoint the direction of supernovae, and when combined with distance estimates, three-dimensional localization becomes achievable. This capability is vital for follow-up observations using multimessenger approaches. Moreover, more precise distance determinations to SNe through follow-up observations, such as optical observations, allow for accurate measurements of neutron-star radii. This data, via the neutron-star mass?radius relationship, could provide various insights into nuclear physics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuwaYudai en-aut-sei=Suwa en-aut-mei=Yudai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaAkira en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriMasamitsu en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Masamitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakazatoKen’ichiro en-aut-sei=Nakazato en-aut-mei=Ken’ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkahoRyuichiro en-aut-sei=Akaho en-aut-mei=Ryuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaMasayuki en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoshioYusuke en-aut-sei=Koshio en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanishiFumi en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Fumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumiyoshiKohsuke en-aut-sei=Sumiyoshi en-aut-mei=Kohsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=WendellRoger A. en-aut-sei=Wendell en-aut-mei=Roger A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Earth Science and Astronomy, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Science, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=National Institute of Technology, Numazu College kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical impact of hypomagnesemia induced by necitumumab plus cisplatin and gemcitabine treatment in patients with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma: a subanalysis of the NINJA study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: The clinical impact of hypomagnesemia induced by necitumumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin (GCN) as a second-line or later therapy is unclear.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and survival impact of hypomagnesemia induced by this therapy.
Design: This was a sub-analysis of the retrospective multicenter NINJA study.
Methods: Among the 93 patients enrolled in the NINJA study, this subanalysis included 75 patients with baseline serum magnesium concentrations.
Results: The incidence of grade ?2 hypomagnesemia was 18.0% in the patients with normal baseline serum magnesium concentrations and 42.8% in those with low concentrations (p?=?0.073). The discontinuation rates of GCN treatment owing to hypomagnesemia in each group were 0% and 7.1%, respectively (p?=?0.187). The number of necitumumab doses and severity of hypomagnesemia were positively correlated (r?=?0.389, p? Conclusion: GCN as a second-line or later therapy may be tolerable regardless of the patient’s baseline serum magnesium concentration. On the other hand, early serum magnesium reduction with this therapy is associated with a poor prognosis. However, caution should be needed because our results lacked sufficient information for confounding variables other than those analyzed here that may influence the correlation between hypomagnesemia and survival. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanzawaShigeru en-aut-sei=Tanzawa en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaHiroshige en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisumiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Misumi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyauchiEisaku en-aut-sei=Miyauchi en-aut-mei=Eisaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Kiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataYasunori en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaMasafumi en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaFumihiko en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Fumihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujishitaTakatoshi en-aut-sei=Fujishita en-aut-mei=Takatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugawaraShunichi en-aut-sei=Sugawara en-aut-mei=Shunichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawashimaYosuke en-aut-sei=Kawashima en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoKazuki en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriMasahide en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Masahide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyanagaAkihiko en-aut-sei=Miyanaga en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiAnna en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Anna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHisashi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaRyoichi en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Ryoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojiriMasafumi en-aut-sei=Nojiri en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYuki en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=HataAkito en-aut-sei=Hata en-aut-mei=Akito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaNobuhisa en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Nobuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=KozukiToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kozuki en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraTakahisa en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoGo en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiTeppei en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Teppei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsumotoSatoshi en-aut-sei=Tetsumoto en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeSatoshi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmedaYukihiro en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Yukihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiKakuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Kakuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiiKazuya en-aut-sei=Nishii en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurunoKosuke en-aut-sei=Tsuruno en-aut-mei=Kosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisumiYuki en-aut-sei=Misumi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuraishiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kuraishi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiharaKen en-aut-sei=Yoshihara en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=36 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAkira en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=37 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboAkihito en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=38 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=39 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeKana en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=40 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekiNobuhiko en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Nobuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=41 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Data Science, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ichinomiya Nishi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ichinomiya Nishi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sendai Kousei Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sendai Kousei Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Osaka Toneyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Osaka Toneyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Asahi General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Thoracic Oncology, Kobe Minimally Invasive Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology and Medicine, NHO Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Suita Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Iwakuni Clinical Center, Iwakuni, Yamaguchi, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Iizuka Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Municipal Citizen’s Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Nagano Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=36 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=37 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=38 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=39 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=40 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Miyagi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=41 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=adverse event kn-keyword=adverse event en-keyword=hypomagnesemia kn-keyword=hypomagnesemia en-keyword=lung squamous cell carcinoma kn-keyword=lung squamous cell carcinoma en-keyword=necitumumab kn-keyword=necitumumab en-keyword=prognosis kn-keyword=prognosis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Skin disorder within 30?days is a favorable prognostic factor in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma treated with necitumumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin: a sub-analysis of the NINJA study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Skin disorders are major adverse events associated with necitumumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin (Neci?+?GC) administration. However, the prognostic effect of skin disorders in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) administered Neci?+?GC is unclear.
Objectives: We examined this prognostic effect in patients with LSCC, and the usefulness of minocycline administration.
Design: This was a sub-analysis of the retrospective multicenter NINJA study.
Methods: We performed a landmark survival analysis according to the presence of skin disorders at Day 30 of treatment and examined the usefulness of minocycline for treating skin disorders.
Results: Among the 93 patients, 62 (66.7%) had a skin disorder at Day 30. Nineteen, 30, and 13 patients experienced Grade 1, 2, and 3 skin disorders, respectively. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with skin disorders at Day 30 were longer than those of patients without skin disorders (median OS: 434 vs 278?days, p?=?0.0201; median PFS: 148 vs 82?days, p?=?0.0835). Multivariable analysis showed that a skin disorder at Day 30 was an independent prognostic factor for both OS (p?=?0.0044) and PFS (p?=?0.0514). Of the 62 patients with skin disorders at Day 30, 38 (61.3%) were taking minocycline, and their time to treatment failure (TTF) was better than that in patients not taking minocycline (median TTF: 148 vs 101?days, p?=?0.0495).
Conclusion: A skin disorder within 30?days was a favorable prognostic factor for patients with LSCC administered Neci?+?GC. Additionally, minocycline administration may be beneficial in patients who develop skin disorders within 30?days. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KinoshitaFumihiko en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Fumihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanzawaShigeru en-aut-sei=Tanzawa en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisumiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Misumi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaHiroshige en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyauchiEisaku en-aut-sei=Miyauchi en-aut-mei=Eisaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Kiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataYasunori en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaMasafumi en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiMasafumi en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugawaraShunichi en-aut-sei=Sugawara en-aut-mei=Shunichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawashimaYosuke en-aut-sei=Kawashima en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoKazuki en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriMasahide en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Masahide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyanagaAkihiko en-aut-sei=Miyanaga en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiAnna en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Anna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHisashi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaRyoichi en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Ryoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojiriMasafumi en-aut-sei=Nojiri en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYuki en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKen en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaKen en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=KozukiToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kozuki en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraTakahisa en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTakuji en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Takuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiTeppei en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Teppei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsumotoSatoshi en-aut-sei=Tetsumoto en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeSatoshi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmedaYukihiro en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Yukihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiKakuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Kakuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuyamaShoichi en-aut-sei=Kuyama en-aut-mei=Shoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurunoKosuke en-aut-sei=Tsuruno en-aut-mei=Kosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisumiYuki en-aut-sei=Misumi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuraishiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kuraishi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiharaKen en-aut-sei=Yoshihara en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=36 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAkira en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=37 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboAkihito en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=38 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=39 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeKana en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=40 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekiNobuhiko en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Nobuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=41 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Data Science, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ichinomiya Nishi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ichinomiya Nishi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sendai Kousei Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Sendai Kousei Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Osaka Toneyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Osaka Toneyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Asahi General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Thoracic Oncology, Kobe Minimally Invasive Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology and Medicine, NHO Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Suita Municipal Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Department of Respiratory medicine, NHO Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Iizuka Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Municipal Citizen’s Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagano Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=36 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=37 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=38 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=39 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=40 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Miyagi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=41 en-affil=Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=adverse event kn-keyword=adverse event en-keyword=lung cancer kn-keyword=lung cancer en-keyword=necitumumab kn-keyword=necitumumab en-keyword=skin disorder kn-keyword=skin disorder en-keyword=squamous cell carcinoma kn-keyword=squamous cell carcinoma END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=e70808 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260923 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Conformational stability and domain‐specific structural features of tumor autoantigens regulate autoantibody epitope propensity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Autoantibodies against tumor-associated autoantigens are clinically valuable biomarkers for cancer diagnosis; however, the structural determinants governing epitope selectivity remain unknown. Here, we investigated whether the intrinsic conformational stability of target autoantigens regulates the epitope propensity of tumor-associated autoantibodies in non-small cell lung cancer. Using a dual-antigen Luminex bead-based assay that presents each autoantigen in both native and S-cationized denatured forms, we directly compared IgG autoantibody reactivity toward conformational and linear epitopes across 11 autoantigens. Intrinsically disordered aggregation-prone autoantigens, including cancer/testis antigens, NY-ESO-1, and XAGE-1b, predominantly elicit linear epitope-directed responses, whereas thermodynamically stable soluble autoantigens generally drive conformational epitope recognition. Intriguingly, for autoantigens harboring both ordered and disordered segments, the immune response is strictly guided by domain-specific biophysics: while p53-specific antibodies preferentially target their flanking disordered regions, the Wilms' tumor protein 1 exceptionally drives conformational recognition directed toward its structured zinc-finger domains. Recombinant solubility in Escherichia coli broadly correlated with epitope class across all 11 autoantigens, confirming that prokaryotic folding efficiency generally reflects intrinsic conformational stability in vivo for autonomously folding monomeric cytosolic proteins. Independent computational validation was provided by the concordance between the experimental solubility ratios and AlphaFold3-derived Rosetta energy unit/solvent-accessible surface area values, demonstrating the convergence of thermodynamic estimates and patient-derived immune data within a unifying biophysical framework. These findings establish that the autoantibody epitope propensity is closely associated with the thermodynamic stability of the target autoantigen and provide a rational basis for tailoring antigen preparation strategies for autoantibody-based cancer diagnosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyamotoAi en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoRika en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Rika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaguchiRyui en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Ryui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KutsumaRikako en-aut-sei=Kutsuma en-aut-mei=Rikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriTakeru en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Takeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuiMirei en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Mirei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HonjoTomoko en-aut-sei=Honjo en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FutamiMidori en-aut-sei=Futami en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriiMariko en-aut-sei=Morii en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHiromi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuribayashiTadahiro en-aut-sei=Kuribayashi en-aut-mei=Tadahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=FutamiJunichiro en-aut-sei=Futami en-aut-mei=Junichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Life Science, Okayama University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=autoantibody kn-keyword=autoantibody en-keyword=biomarker kn-keyword=biomarker en-keyword=cancer/testis antigen kn-keyword=cancer/testis antigen en-keyword=epitope propensity kn-keyword=epitope propensity en-keyword=intrinsically disordered regions kn-keyword=intrinsically disordered regions en-keyword=protein engineering kn-keyword=protein engineering en-keyword=tumor-associated antigens kn-keyword=tumor-associated antigens END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=18 article-no= start-page=e2026GL123823 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260926 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hydrogen-Bond Symmetrization in Hydrous Aluminous Silica Enhances Deep-Mantle Water Cycle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(Al, H)-bearing CaCl2-type SiO2 serves as a key water carrier in Earth's deep-water cycle. Evolution of hydrogen-bond symmetrization in this phase was measured up to 62 GPa and 800 K by synchrotron infrared and Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. It undergoes symmetrization at ?30 GPa and 300 K, while elevated temperature to 800 K lowers the onset pressure to ?12 GPa. This implies that the symmetrized phase will form directly near the base of the transition zone in (Al, H)-rich subducted slabs, and deeper in (Al, H)-poor slabs via transformation from stishovite. More importantly, this symmetrization state stiffens the crystal lattice and immobilizes hydrogen within the structure, enhancing water retention and preventing hydrogen loss during subduction to the lower mantle. Our findings suggest that this phase acts as an important deep-water reservoir capable of transporting water to the lower mantle, thereby linking the deep-water cycle from Earth's surface to core-mantle boundary. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhaoChaoshuai en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Chaoshuai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaoZhu en-aut-sei=Mao en-aut-mei=Zhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuYingxin en-aut-sei=Yu en-aut-mei=Yingxin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunNingyu en-aut-sei=Sun en-aut-mei=Ningyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FuYunhua en-aut-sei=Fu en-aut-mei=Yunhua kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangJianbo en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Jianbo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiermannHanns‐Peter en-aut-sei=Liermann en-aut-mei=Hanns‐Peter kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaoRenbiao en-aut-sei=Tao en-aut-mei=Renbiao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=SKLab‐DeepMinE, MOEKLab‐OBCE, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for High‐Pressure Science and Technology Advance Research kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Deutsches Elektronen‐Synchrotron DESY kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for High‐Pressure Science and Technology Advance Research kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=hydrogen-bond symmetrization kn-keyword=hydrogen-bond symmetrization en-keyword=(Al,H)-bearing CaCl2-type SiO2 kn-keyword=(Al,H)-bearing CaCl2-type SiO2 en-keyword=deep-water cycle kn-keyword=deep-water cycle en-keyword=high temperature and high pressure kn-keyword=high temperature and high pressure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=002139 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260313 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Investigation of carbapenem-hydrolysing Klebsiella oxytoca strains lacking detectable carbapenemase genes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) pose a clinical concern due to limited treatment options and plasmid-mediated spread of carbapenemase genes. The modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM) is increasingly used in clinical settings to detect CPE.
Gap Statement. Interpretation of mCIM results for isolates with reduced carbapenem susceptibility remains challenging.
Aim. To assess the interpretation of positive mCIM results in Klebsiella oxytoca isolates lacking detectable carbapenemase genes and exhibiting reduced carbapenem susceptibility and to propose a phenotypic testing strategy for accurate evaluation.
Methodology. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing with clavulanic or dipicolinic acid supplementation, phenotypic carbapenemase assays, carbapenem hydrolysis assays and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were conducted on K. oxytoca strains.
Results. K. oxytoca strains were isolated from both blood and urine samples of a patient in a Japanese hospital. Although classified as susceptible by clinical breakpoints, these isolates exhibited reduced susceptibility to carbapenems. Although these strains were mCIM-positive, the zinc-supplemented carbapenem inactivation method did not support the presence of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) activity. MIC reductions in the presence of CVA were consistent with inhibition of a class A β-lactamase. In contrast, dipicolinic acid supplementation did not reduce the meropenem MIC, ruling out MBL production. Furthermore, WGS revealed that both K. oxytoca strains lacked known carbapenemase genes, with blaOXY-2-4 being the only identifiable β-lactamase gene encoding a class A enzyme. No novel β-lactamase genes were identified; however, an enhanced blaOXY-2-4 expression-associated point mutation was found in the promoter region. Both K. oxytoca strains exhibited carbapenem-hydrolysing activity, although to a lesser extent than that of the MBL-producing strain.
Conclusion. We identified K. oxytoca strains that lacked known carbapenemase genes but that yielded positive mCIM results, possibly due to OXY-2 overproduction. Our study findings emphasize the need for cautious mCIM result interpretation for K. oxytoca and highlight the diagnostic value of combined susceptibility testing with clavulanic and dipicolinic acids to distinguish the underlying resistance mechanisms. Combining complementary clinical laboratory tests will enable clarification of the factors underlying mCIM positivity and guide clinical decision-making. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TeraguchiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Teraguchi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaAyaka en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Ayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakaiSatoyo en-aut-sei=Wakai en-aut-mei=Satoyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakamiSayoko en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Sayoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaKoki en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiWataru en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraNorikazu en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Norikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugawaraYo en-aut-sei=Sugawara en-aut-mei=Yo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaNaoya en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaiMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YaharaKoji en-aut-sei=Yahara en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirabayashiAki en-aut-sei=Hirabayashi en-aut-mei=Aki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kindai University Nara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Dental School, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kindai University Nara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Dental School, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= en-keyword=blaOXY-2 kn-keyword=blaOXY-2 en-keyword=clavulanic acid kn-keyword=clavulanic acid en-keyword=Klebsiella oxytoca kn-keyword=Klebsiella oxytoca en-keyword=MIC kn-keyword=MIC en-keyword=modified carbapenem inactivation method kn-keyword=modified carbapenem inactivation method END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=pcag119 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260928 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Disrupted FLOWERING LOCUS C alleles from weedy radish enhance the florigenic potential of rootstocks for graft-mediated floral induction in Brassicaceae en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Graft-mediated floral induction is a classical yet promising breeding technique that accelerates seed production and shortens generation time in crops. However, its application remains limited to a few species because floral induction is often unstable. Even among florally induced rootstocks, grafted scions can differ in their flowering response depending on rootstock genotype, but the genetic basis of this variation remains unclear. Here, using a Brassicaceae grafting model, we investigated two early-bolting radish (Raphanus sativus) accessions differing in their ability to induce flowering. We focused on a significant difference in FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) expression between these accessions and identified two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with FT levels. Transcriptomic and genomic analyses revealed that both QTLs harbored previously unreported disrupted alleles of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) homologs, key floral repressors involved in vernalization, which showed reduced expression and produced defective transcripts. Grafting experiments demonstrated that these disrupted FLC alleles enhanced floral induction, with RsFLC1 having a major effect. Our results indicate that the FT expression threshold required for graft-mediated floral induction is higher than that for rootstock flowering itself and that this threshold is reached when FLC-mediated repression is substantially reduced. These alleles were inferred to have originated from weedy radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), likely contributing to early flowering in disturbed environments. This study suggests that exploring genetic variations in FT expression is an effective strategy to develop highly florigenic rootstocks, thereby broadening the application of graft-mediated floral induction in crop breeding. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MotokiKo en-aut-sei=Motoki en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiSaki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Saki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraKazusa en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Kazusa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaYu en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KashimaMakoto en-aut-sei=Kashima en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshijimaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Ushijima en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoTanjuro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Tanjuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasubaKen-ichiro en-aut-sei=Yasuba en-aut-mei=Ken-ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaMunetaka en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Munetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life and Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life and Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life and Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Department of Biomolecular Science, Toho University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life and Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life and Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life and Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University kn-affil= en-keyword=Brassica oleracea kn-keyword=Brassica oleracea en-keyword=FLOWERING LOCUS C kn-keyword=FLOWERING LOCUS C en-keyword=FLOWERING LOCUS T kn-keyword=FLOWERING LOCUS T en-keyword=graft-mediated floral induction kn-keyword=graft-mediated floral induction en-keyword=vernalization kn-keyword=vernalization en-keyword=weedy radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) kn-keyword=weedy radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=e70208 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Proton‐Radiation‐Tolerant Silicon Photonic Charge Sensor for Spacecraft Applications en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Silicon waveguides are promising platforms for spacecraft potential sensing owing to their compactness and immunity to electromagnetic interference. However, proton-induced optical absorption in operating silicon waveguides has not been quantitatively clarified, despite their direct exposure to the space radiation environment during spacecraft operation. Here, we present a systematic elucidation of proton-radiation effects on a photonic charge sensor based on silicon photonic crystal waveguides. During proton irradiation at 20 keV, we quantitatively evaluate the increase in optical absorption under device operation and find that a fluence of 1.0 ×1014 cm? 2 induces an additional absorption coefficient of approximately 0.41 cm? 1 . We further demonstrate that the sensor retains its ability to measure spacecraft potential even after exposure to a high proton fluence of 1.0 ×1015 cm? 2 , confirming its intrinsic radiation tolerance. These results establish the radiation robustness of silicon-waveguide- based sensing mechanisms and provide the first quantitative basis for implementing photonic charge sensors in radiation-rich spacecraft environments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahamaWataru en-aut-sei=Takahama en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaKosei en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaAyumi en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HojoRikuto en-aut-sei=Hojo en-aut-mei=Rikuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MogamiTomofumi en-aut-sei=Mogami en-aut-mei=Tomofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiKohtaku en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Kohtaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYasushi en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Space Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=ElectrostaticEngineering DEPT, Kasuga Denki INC kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Space Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research and Development, The Wakasa Wan Energy Research Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology,Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=photonic crystal waveguides kn-keyword=photonic crystal waveguides en-keyword=potential sensors kn-keyword=potential sensors en-keyword=radiation-tolerant sensors kn-keyword=radiation-tolerant sensors en-keyword=space silicon photonics kn-keyword=space silicon photonics en-keyword=spacecrafts charging kn-keyword=spacecrafts charging END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=100819 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202612 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synaptic transmission in Type III taste cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Type III taste cells are the primary taste receptor cells that form conventional chemical synapses with gustatory nerve fibers. Since the first ultrastructural identification of synaptic vesicles in Type III cells, numerous studies have demonstrated that these cells have synapse-associated proteins and vesicular release machinery that is similar to that in the central nervous system.
Highlight: This review summarizes historical and ultrastructural studies describing synaptic vesicles in taste bud cells across a range of animal species. The classical mechanisms of chemical synaptic transmission in the central nervous system are then outlined, followed by review studies demonstrating the expression of synapse-associated proteins in taste bud cells, with particular emphasis on the putative mechanisms of synaptic transmission in Type III taste cells. Finally, the current evidence for candidate neurotransmitters, including 5-hydroxytryptamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, noradrenaline, acetylcholine, and ATP, is discussed.
Conclusion: Although several proteins related to conventional chemical synapses in the central nervous system and some candidate neurotransmitters have been identified in Type III cells, their contributions to sour taste transmission have not been fully elucidated. Further molecular and physiological studies are required to establish their roles in the synaptic transmission of sour taste signals from Type III cells. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TatsukawaHinata en-aut-sei=Tatsukawa en-aut-mei=Hinata kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieKengo en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Type III cell kn-keyword=Type III cell en-keyword=Conventional chemical synapse kn-keyword=Conventional chemical synapse en-keyword=SNARE complex kn-keyword=SNARE complex en-keyword=Neurotransmitter kn-keyword=Neurotransmitter END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=137 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=096003 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Strain-Tuned Nodal Superconductivity in the Charge-Ordered Kagome Metal CsV3?Sb5 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The nature of the superconducting pairing symmetry in the kagome metal CsV3?Sb5 and its relationship with the charge density wave (CDW) order are central unresolved issues. Here, we investigate the evolution of superconductivity in CsV3?Sb5 under in situ uniaxial pressure using 121Sb nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR). We find that tensile strain significantly enhances the superconducting transition temperature, ?c, while the CDW remains unchanged, demonstrating that superconductivity can be tuned independently of the bulk charge order. At a tensile strain of ? =+0.90%, the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate reveals a remarkable double transition: an upper transition at ?c?1=3.6??K to a nodal gap state, and a lower one at ?c?2=3.0??K characterized by a nodeless gap. These results evidence degenerate superconducting states with different gap symmetry in the kagome metal at ambient pressure which split under strain. Our Letter demonstrates a high tunability of superconductivity by uniaxial pressure. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakeuchiYusuke en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiAkito en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Akito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaSaki en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Saki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoTakumi en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaSeigo en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Seigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhouRui en-aut-sei=Zhou en-aut-mei=Rui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiShinji en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SongFei en-aut-sei=Song en-aut-mei=Fei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiHao en-aut-sei=Ni en-aut-mei=Hao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhaoYong en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Yong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhengGuo-qing en-aut-sei=Zheng en-aut-mei=Guo-qing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e77909 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260927 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=SPRED2 Negatively Regulates CD8+ T Cell-Mediated Antitumor Immunity in Breast Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Activation of the RAS/RAF/ERK pathway is crucial for adaptive immunity. Here, we provide evidence that Sprouty-related EVH1 domain containing 2 (SPRED2), an endogenous inhibitor of this pathway, negatively regulates CD8+ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity in breast cancer. In EO771 and 4T1 mouse models, Spred2?/? mice exhibit reduced tumor growth, with lower endpoint lung metastatic burden in the 4T1 model, accompanied by increased T-cell infiltration and activation. Spred2?/? T cells show enhanced cytokine expression, proliferation,survival, in vitro cytotoxicity, and memory-like phenotypes, particularly among CD8+ T cells. Adoptive transfer of Spred2?/? CD8+ T cells into tumor-bearing wild-type hosts similarly reduces endpoint lung metastatic burden. MEK inhibition with U0126 attenuates increased interferon-gamma and granzyme B expression in Spred2?/? CD8+ T cells. Transcriptomic analyses reveal an inverse correlation between SPRED2 expression and antitumor CD8+ T cell states in both humans and mice. In tumor-infiltrating T cells from patients with breast cancer, SPRED2low T cells show enriched effector and cytotoxicity programs and are associated with “immune-hot” tumors, whereas survival associations vary with CD8+ T cell context. Collectively, these findings suggest that SPRED2 functions as a cell-intrinsic negative regulator of CD8+ T-cell activation and highlight its potential as a therapeutic target to enhance T cell?based cancer immunotherapy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TianMiao en-aut-sei=Tian en-aut-mei=Miao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimuraTeizo en-aut-sei=Yoshimura en-aut-mei=Teizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhaoKun en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Kun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiChunning en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Chunning kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GaoTong en-aut-sei=Gao en-aut-mei=Tong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangZiyi en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ziyi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaToshiaki en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsukawaAkihiro en-aut-sei=Matsukawa en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Advanced International and Information Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=breast cancer kn-keyword=breast cancer en-keyword=CD8+ T cells kn-keyword=CD8+ T cells en-keyword=immunotherapy kn-keyword=immunotherapy en-keyword=MAPK/ERK kn-keyword=MAPK/ERK en-keyword=tumor microenvironment kn-keyword=tumor microenvironment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=100 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=592 end-page=605 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exploring the Clinical Diversity of Castleman Disease and TAFRO Syndrome: A Japanese Multicenter Study on Lymph Node Distribution Patterns en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Individuals diagnosed with Castleman disease (CD) and TAFRO syndrome (characterized by thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, bone marrow fibrosis, and organomegaly) displays a wide range of clinical symptoms, including varying patterns of lymph node enlargement, systemic inflammation, and impaired organ function. Some patients may present with both CD and TAFRO syndrome concurrently. A retrospective study conducted across multiple centers in Japan examined 321 cases to determine if the quantity and position of swollen lymph nodes could forecast the clinical progression and intensity of these conditions. Interestingly, the study revealed that patients with TAFRO syndrome exhibited lymphadenopathy across all ranges of lymph node region counts. Moreover, no specific clinical patterns were associated with the number of affected lymph node regions in CD patients, regardless of whether they also had TAFRO syndrome. These results enhance our understanding of the clinical variability in CD and TAFRO syndrome, suggesting that a comprehensive clinical evaluation, rather than relying solely on lymph node count, is crucial for effectively managing these conditions. Additional studies are required to establish reliable diagnostic markers and to predict disease severity at the time of diagnosis, ultimately improving patient outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsukaMizuna en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Mizuna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumiyoshiRemi en-aut-sei=Sumiyoshi en-aut-mei=Remi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuiShoichi en-aut-sei=Fukui en-aut-mei=Shoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanekoYuko en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuTakayuki en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsubeAtsushi en-aut-sei=Katsube en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoShingo en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasakiYasufumi en-aut-sei=Masaki en-aut-mei=Yasufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IdeMakoto en-aut-sei=Ide en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshifujiHajime en-aut-sei=Yoshifuji en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitanoMasayasu en-aut-sei=Kitano en-aut-mei=Masayasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYasuharu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawaNaoki en-aut-sei=Sawa en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiiroHiroaki en-aut-sei=Niiro en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraNaoya en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=FajgenbaumDavid C. en-aut-sei=Fajgenbaum en-aut-mei=David C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=van RheeFrits en-aut-sei=van Rhee en-aut-mei=Frits kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakamiAtsushi en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Takamatsu Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=DDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Collagen Disease and Rheumatology, Sumitomo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Nephrology Center and Department of Rheumatology, Toranomon Hospital Kajigaya kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology/Infectious Disease, Kyushu University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment & Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Castleman disease kn-keyword=Castleman disease en-keyword=clinical variability kn-keyword=clinical variability en-keyword=lymph node distribution kn-keyword=lymph node distribution en-keyword=multicenter cohort kn-keyword=multicenter cohort en-keyword=TAFRO syndrome kn-keyword=TAFRO syndrome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=323 end-page=337 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=2025 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Unraveling Causality: Innovations in Epidemiologic Methods en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For several decades, the counterfactual model and the sufficient cause model have shaped our understanding of causation in biomedical science and, more recently, the link between these two models has enabled us to obtain a deeper understanding of causality. In this article, I provide a brief overview of these fundamental causal models using a simple example. The counterfactual model focuses on one particular cause or intervention and gives an account of the various effects of that cause. By contrast, the sufficient cause model considers sets of actions, events, or states of nature which together inevitably bring about the outcome under consideration. In other words, the counterfactual framework addresses the question “what if?” while the sufficient cause framework addresses the question “why does it happen?” Although these two models are distinct and address different causal questions, they are closely related and used to elucidate the same cause-effect relationships. Importantly, the sufficient cause model makes clear that causation is a multifactorial phenomenon, and it is a “finer” model than the counterfactual model; an individual is of one and only one response type in the counterfactual framework, whereas an individual may be at risk of none, one, or several sufficient causes. Understanding the link between the two causal models can provide greater insight into causality and can facilitate the use of each model in appropriate contexts, highlighting their respective strengths. I will briefly present three topics of interest from our research: the relationship between the concepts of confounding and of covariate balance; distinctions between attributable fractions and etiologic fractions; and the identification of operating mediation and mechanism. It is important to scrutinize observed associations in a complementary manner, using both the counterfactual model and the sufficient cause model, employing both inductive and deductive reasoning. This holistic approach will better help us to unravel causality. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuzukiEtsuji en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Etsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=attributable fraction kn-keyword=attributable fraction en-keyword=causal inference kn-keyword=causal inference en-keyword=confounding kn-keyword=confounding en-keyword=counterfactual model kn-keyword=counterfactual model en-keyword=covariate balance kn-keyword=covariate balance en-keyword=etiologic fraction kn-keyword=etiologic fraction en-keyword=mediation kn-keyword=mediation en-keyword=sufficient cause model kn-keyword=sufficient cause model END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=16 article-no= start-page=1518 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260807 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Genetic Dissection and Fine-Mapping of QTL for Salinity Tolerance at the Reproductive Stage on Chromosome 2 of Rice Variety Nona Bokra en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Soil salinity is a major constraint limiting rice productivity, particularly at the reproductive stage. To elucidate the genetic basis of reproductive stage salinity tolerance, this study validated and fine-mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yield-related traits using a salinity-tolerant line SL506, identified through screening of Nona Bokra?CSSLs in a Koshihikari background. In 2016, the F2 population derived from SL506/Koshihikari was evaluated under long-term salt stress; three QTLs associated with plant dry weight, panicle number, and grain weight were detected on chromosome 2. In 2023, validation analysis using F3 individuals confirmed the presence of these QTLs. Subsequent fine-mapping using F4 near-isogenic lines (NILs) delimited the QTL to a 1.7 Mb interval and high-resolution mapping using an F5 recombinant population progressively refined it to a 473 kb genomic region containing 69 annotated genes. Variant Effect Predictor analysis identified 15 deleterious nonsynonymous variants (SIFT < 0.05) in six candidate genes. Based on annotated gene functions, predicted variant effects, and their membership in stress-related gene families, OsPP2C24, OsFbox102, and OsWAK14 were suggested as the most promising candidate genes underlying qPDW2. These findings provide insights into the genetic basis of reproductive-stage salinity tolerance from valuable resources for the future improvement of salt tolerance and yield stability in rice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=RaufFarjana en-aut-sei=Rauf en-aut-mei=Farjana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HienTran Thi Thu en-aut-sei=Hien en-aut-mei=Tran Thi Thu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ThuyNguyen Thi Thu en-aut-sei=Thuy en-aut-mei=Nguyen Thi Thu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomitaAsami en-aut-sei=Tomita en-aut-mei=Asami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraiYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Hirai en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=rice (Oryza sativa) kn-keyword=rice (Oryza sativa) en-keyword=reproductive stage kn-keyword=reproductive stage en-keyword=salinity stress kn-keyword=salinity stress en-keyword=quality trait loci (QTL) kn-keyword=quality trait loci (QTL) en-keyword=fine mapping kn-keyword=fine mapping END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=28 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260302 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Different Heading Dates on Agronomic and Yield-Related Traits Under Salt Stress in Rice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting rice production worldwide. This study aims to elucidate the effects of heading date on salt tolerance in rice. Five near-isogenic lines (NILs) developed from the SL2038/Koshihikari backcross population were grown with or without salt stress. SL2038 is a salt-tolerant line with delayed heading (~18 days) compared to the salt-sensitive background Koshihikari. The results showed that late-heading NILs produced significantly higher plant dry weight, panicle weight, percentage of filled grains, and grain weight (p < 0.05) under long-term salt stress. In Koshihikari, which exhibited delayed heading due to long-day treatment, the percentage of white heads was low, and panicle and grain weights were significantly higher under salt stress. Experiments with different sowing times indicated that late heading, such as sowing in June, resulted in higher grain weights. This is the first report to assess the impact of heading date on agronomic and yield-related traits under salt stress. In conclusion, even with a prolonged salt treatment period, heading during periods of low temperature and solar radiation results in higher grain weight under salt stress. This is proposed as one of the strategies for salt escape. These findings can be used to improve rice yield and implement crop management in salt-affected regions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AfrinSadia en-aut-sei=Afrin en-aut-mei=Sadia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoSayuri en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Sayuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AhmedM M Emam en-aut-sei=Ahmed en-aut-mei=M M Emam kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OginoShuto en-aut-sei=Ogino en-aut-mei=Shuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomitaAsami en-aut-sei=Tomita en-aut-mei=Asami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraiYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Hirai en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=rice kn-keyword=rice en-keyword=heading date kn-keyword=heading date en-keyword=near-isogenic lines kn-keyword=near-isogenic lines en-keyword=reproductive stage kn-keyword=reproductive stage en-keyword=salt tolerance kn-keyword=salt tolerance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260923 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Direct evidence for water-filled yet hydraulically isolated xylem vessels in two temperate tree species en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Xylem vessels in sapwood are typically interpreted as either conductive or non-functional following embolism or occlusion, implicitly assuming that the presence of water within the lumen reflects participation in the transpiration stream. However, the relationship between lumen water content and hydraulic connectivity has rarely been examined directly at the cellular level. In this study, we combined cryo-scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy to compare lumen water status with hydraulic connectivity on the same xylem surface in current-year xylem of Carpinus tschonoskii and Aria alnifolia, using tension-driven dye uptake to identify conductive vessels. Most vessels were stained and water-filled, consistent with functional conduits, whereas unstained gas-filled vessels corresponded to embolized conduits. Notably, certain vessels retained water despite lacking dye signals, indicating hydraulic isolation from the conductive xylem network. Although these vessels represented a minor fraction of the conduit population, their occurrence suggests that the traditionally binary classification should be expanded to incorporate an additional conduit function. These vessels were observed in both species, suggesting that hydraulically disconnected vessels represent a common phenomenon across species. These findings reveal previously underrecognized heterogeneity in xylem hydraulic organisation and demonstrate that conduit status cannot always be inferred from the presence of water alone. Recognising this intermediate condition refines current interpretations of xylem function and highlights the value of integrating high-resolution imaging with hydraulic measurements. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgasaMayumi?Y. en-aut-sei=Ogasa en-aut-mei=Mayumi?Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UtsumiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Utsumi en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YazakiKenichi en-aut-sei=Yazaki en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikiNaoko?H. en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Naoko?H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaKenji en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Ashoro Research Forest, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= en-keyword= cryo-scanning electron microscopy kn-keyword= cryo-scanning electron microscopy en-keyword=fluorescence microscopy kn-keyword=fluorescence microscopy en-keyword=hydraulic isolation kn-keyword=hydraulic isolation en-keyword=vessel function kn-keyword=vessel function en-keyword=water distribution kn-keyword=water distribution END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260821 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Making alliterative collocations memorable: Does vocalisation help? en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Collocations are a key component of second language (L2) mastery. Yet, their acquisition poses major challenges to L2 learners. One potential solution to this difficulty is employing the mnemonic effect of alliteration (e.g., professional practice). In the present study, 230 Japanese EFL university students learnt alliterative and non-alliterative collocations (e.g., primary purpose vs. primary care) under vocalised and non-vocalised conditions in a within-subject design. Vocalisation frequencies were operationalised (none, once, three, and five times) over four weeks to examine potential differences across repetition frequencies. Immediate and delayed productive recall post-test assessed collocational uptake. Results showed that alliterative collocations yielded greater gains than non-alliterative ones when vocalisation was involved, suggesting a conditional benefit of vocalisation in combination with phonological salience. A modest advantage was observed in the three-times vocalisation condition in the immediate post-test; however, it was not reliably maintained at the delayed post-test. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagataSatoshi en-aut-sei=Yamagata en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeMariko en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Siyanova-ChanturiaAnna en-aut-sei=Siyanova-Chanturia en-aut-mei=Anna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Victoria University of Wellington kn-affil= en-keyword=collocation kn-keyword=collocation en-keyword=alliteration kn-keyword=alliteration en-keyword=phonological processing kn-keyword=phonological processing en-keyword=priming kn-keyword=priming en-keyword=vocalisation kn-keyword=vocalisation en-keyword=repetition kn-keyword=repetition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=MIT/TFE family transcription factors, Mitf and Tfec, redundantly promote pigment cell differentiation and retinal epithelium pigmentation in teleosts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Transcription factors of the MIT/TFE family?mitfa, mitfb, and tfec?play essential roles in specifying pigment cells derived from neural crest cells in vertebrates. In teleosts, which possess multiple pigment cell types, these factors exhibit partially redundant but largely distinct functions across different pigment lineages. We previously reported that the combined loss of mitfa and mitfb leads to a complete absence of melanophores, xanthophores, and leucophores in medaka.
Results: Here, we describe newly generated hypomorphic alleles of mitfa and mitfb, which result in delayed melanophore development. Using these hypomorphic mutants in combination with a newly generated null allele of tfec, we show that Tfec can partially compensate for the loss of Mitfa and Mitfb in melanophore, xanthophore, and leucophore differentiation. Consistent with previous findings in zebrafish, loss of tfec alone results in the complete absence of iridophores. Importantly, simultaneous null mutations in all three genes cause a complete loss of all four chromatophore types and lead to defective pigmentation of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE), which is not derived from the neural crest in both Oryzias species and in zebrafish. Using an RPE-specific marker, we further show that the RPE is specified and structurally intact but fails to melanize.
Conclusions: These findings indicate that the redundant functions of Mitfa, Mitfb, and Tfec are not only essential for the specification of diverse pigment cell types but also critical for RPE pigmentation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ListerJames en-aut-sei=Lister en-aut-mei=James kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiwakaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Sugiwaka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraTetsuaki en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Tetsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaRieko en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Rieko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaMakoto en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiHikaru en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueChikako en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasengiKawilarang W. A. en-aut-sei=Masengi en-aut-mei=Kawilarang W. A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamahiraKazunori en-aut-sei=Yamahira en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaruseKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Naruse en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnsaiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Ansai en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KelshRobert N. en-aut-sei=Kelsh en-aut-mei=Robert N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HibiMasahiko en-aut-sei=Hibi en-aut-mei=Masahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoHisashi en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Human and Molecular Genetics and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biological Science, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) & Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institute for Basic Biology kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=World Medaka Aquarium, Nagoya Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical Gardens kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Photonics Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Biological Science, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=R&D Fish Breeding Group, Regional Fish Institute, Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Sam Ratulangi University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, Graduate University of Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) & Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institute for Basic Biology kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Biological Science, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Biological Science, Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= en-keyword=compound mutants kn-keyword=compound mutants en-keyword=melanization kn-keyword=melanization en-keyword=neural crest kn-keyword=neural crest en-keyword=retina kn-keyword=retina en-keyword=RPE kn-keyword=RPE END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=604 cd-vols= no-issue=18 article-no= start-page=7640 end-page=7662 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260820 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Integrative simulation analysis of myocardial ischaemia?reperfusion injury en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Cardiac ischaemia, reduced coronary blood flow, causes significant damages to the heart, and paradoxically reperfusion, restored flow after ischaemia, often results in more severe injury. Although the mechanisms underlying cardiac ischaemia?reperfusion injury have been intensively investigated, effective therapeutic strategies applicable during reperfusion to mitigate this damage have not been established yet. To obtain more insights into the mechanisms underlying ischaemia?reperfusion injury, and to explore effective methods to relieve reperfusion injury, we developed a comprehensive mathematical model of ventricular myocyte, implementing excitation?contraction (E?C) coupling, cytosolic and mitochondrial pH regulation, pH dependence of major components of E?C coupling and cellular energy metabolism, including mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. The mathematical model successfully reproduced experimentally observed findings on cardiac ischaemia?reperfusion injury, such as intracellular and extracellular acidosis, cytosolic Na+ overload, cytosolic Ca2+ overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, action potential shortening and contraction failure. It was found that the reperfusion-induced exacerbation of Na+i, Ca2+i overloads was mainly caused by insufficient production of NADH, which is used in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to synthesize ATP for Na+/K+ pump and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump (SERCA) to expel accumulated cytosolic Na+ and Ca2+, respectively. It was suggested that the preservation of mitochondrial NADH production, attenuation of ATP consumption via SERCA or contraction for a short period or activation of the Na+/K+ pump during reperfusion mitigates reperfusion injury. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimayoshiTakao en-aut-sei=Shimayoshi en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiAyako en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Center for Artificial Intelligence and Mathematical Data Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Integrative and Systems Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui kn-affil= en-keyword=computational modelling kn-keyword=computational modelling en-keyword=heart kn-keyword=heart en-keyword=ischaemia kn-keyword=ischaemia en-keyword=mitochondria kn-keyword=mitochondria en-keyword=reperfusion kn-keyword=reperfusion END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e106715 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Study protocol for a phase II clinical trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of favipiravir injection combined with oseltamivir in influenza treatment en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction Older adults are at an increased risk of influenza-related hospitalisation and mortality due to a combination of risk factors. Severe influenza and excess mortality in this population remain major public health concerns, underscoring the need for novel treatment strategies.
Methods and analysis This multicentre, investigator-initiated, randomised, double-blind clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of the investigational drug favipiravir injection (T-705IV) in combination with oseltamivir phosphate, compared with oseltamivir monotherapy in hospitalised patients with influenza aged ?65 years. Both T-705IV and oseltamivir phosphate will be administered for 5?days. The primary endpoint is time from randomisation to recovery within 15 days. Recovery is defined as either actual hospital discharge or sustained clinical status permitting discharge for 3 consecutive days. Clinical status will be assessed using a 7-point ordinal scale based on hospitalisation status and oxygen requirement. The primary analysis employs a Bayesian Cox proportional hazards model with a non-informative prior to estimate the posterior probability that the HR exceeds 1.0. The secondary endpoints include the distribution of 7-point scale scores over a 29-day period; rates of clinical worsening at days 15 and 29; duration of fever; all-cause mortality; intensive care unit admission within 29 days; pneumonia complication rate at 15 days; and changes in viral titre and viral RNA load on days 1, 2, 3 and 7. Safety will be assessed through the collection of adverse events (AEs) up to day 29. Pharmacokinetic evaluation will include measurement of plasma favipiravir concentrations on day 3. The planned sample size is 80 patients (40 per group).
Ethics and dissemination Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. This study was approved by the Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine Institutional Review Board (approval number: NCGM-I-022-24a) and registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials. Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and/or presentations at academic conferences.
Trial registration number jRCT2031240586, en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HikidaSayaka en-aut-sei=Hikida en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NomotoHidetoshi en-aut-sei=Nomoto en-aut-mei=Hidetoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UemuraYukari en-aut-sei=Uemura en-aut-mei=Yukari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTadaki en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Tadaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IzumikawaKoichi en-aut-sei=Izumikawa en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhgeHiroki en-aut-sei=Ohge en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamatoMasaya en-aut-sei=Yamato en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseRyota en-aut-sei=Hase en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AoyagiTetsuji en-aut-sei=Aoyagi en-aut-mei=Tetsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NukuiYoko en-aut-sei=Nukui en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKazuko en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakesueYoshio en-aut-sei=Takesue en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawadaKota en-aut-sei=Sawada en-aut-mei=Kota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuYosuke en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoSho en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraNamiko en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Namiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiKozue en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Kozue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoSho en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiKazuki en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorinoEriko en-aut-sei=Morino en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokitaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Tokita en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmagariNorio en-aut-sei=Ohmagari en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Data Science, Center for Clinical Sciences, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Infectious Disease Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Project Research Center for Nosocomial Infectious Diseases, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Infectious Diseases Center, Rinku General Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Infection Control & Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Chita Peninsula General Medical Organization, Rinku Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Data Science, Center for Clinical Sciences, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Data Science, Center for Clinical Sciences, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Infectious Disease Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Center for Clinical Sciences, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Center for Clinical Sciences, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Center for Clinical Sciences, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e00747-26 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260922 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Complete genome sequence of Helicobacter pylori strain NY43 harboring bacteriophage KHP30 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Helicobacter pylori NY43 strain spontaneously releases the bacteriophage (phage) KHP30. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of H. pylori NY43. In addition to the chromosome of H. pylori NY43, we successfully obtained the complete sequence of the episomal prophage KHP30. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiMichiko en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaHiromichi en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeoSatoru en-aut-sei=Seo en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchiyamaJumpei en-aut-sei=Uchiyama en-aut-mei=Jumpei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuzakiShigenobu en-aut-sei=Matsuzaki en-aut-mei=Shigenobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health and Science, International University of Health and Welfare Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University kn-affil= en-keyword=Helicobacter pylori kn-keyword=Helicobacter pylori en-keyword=chromosome organization kn-keyword=chromosome organization en-keyword=bacteriophage episome kn-keyword=bacteriophage episome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9986 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260820 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=RNase-mediated defence and its association with SCCmec in Staphylococcus aureus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The rise of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus is a major threat to global health. Resistance often emerges when bacteria acquire foreign DNA elements, such as the SCCmec cassette that makes strains resistant to nearly all β-lactam antibiotics. Yet, not all S. aureus lineages take up these elements equally, raising the question of what prevents some strains from becoming drug-resistant. Here we identify a previously unknown defence factor that explains this mystery in a common skin lineage (ST188), frequently isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis. Such defence factor is encoded by a gene, which we name sadR, that is present in methicillin-susceptible ST188 strains but absent from resistant counterparts. SadR exhibits RNase activity that provides anti-bacteriophage and anti-plasmid defence, thus acting as a barrier to the uptake of mobile genetic elements. Gene sadR is found in methicillin-susceptible strains in S. aureus lineages other than ST188, and is consistently located adjacent to rlmH, the canonical SCCmec integration site. Moreover, SadR homologues are widespread across staphylococci and other bacteria suggesting a previously unrecognised family of RNase-based defence systems. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KondoKohei en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AzamAa Haeruman en-aut-sei=Azam en-aut-mei=Aa Haeruman kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisatsuneJunzo en-aut-sei=Hisatsune en-aut-mei=Junzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OjimaShinjiro en-aut-sei=Ojima en-aut-mei=Shinjiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChiharaKotaro en-aut-sei=Chihara en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraTomohiro en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraAzumi en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Azumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaWakana en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Wakana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoSatoshi en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KutsunoShoko en-aut-sei=Kutsuno en-aut-mei=Shoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugawaraYo en-aut-sei=Sugawara en-aut-mei=Yo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchiyamaJumpei en-aut-sei=Uchiyama en-aut-mei=Jumpei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmagaiMasayuki en-aut-sei=Amagai en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiTetsuo en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Tetsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatashiKoichi en-aut-sei=Watashi en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYoshimasa en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=KigaKotaro en-aut-sei=Kiga en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaiMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Drug Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Drug Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Drug Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Drug Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Drug Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Drug Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Drug Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Research Center for Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Drug Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260921 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fatigue Life Evaluation Using the Damage‐Equivalent Strain for 7075‐T6 Aluminum Alloy Under Bending and Torsion Bending Vibrations en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The vibrations caused by external factors (such as fluids) or internal factors often pose strength-related problems in mechanical and structural components. Although several studies have investigated the material fatigue characteristics during vibration, reports on complex vibration modes such as torsion bending are limited. In this study, we addressed this gap by conducting experiments and finite element analyses on I- and L-shaped aluminum alloy specimens under bending and torsion bending vibrations, respectively. We established a reliable method to estimate the strain at the notch by utilizing the strain measured at a position outside the notch and a ratio derived from finite element analysis. This method allows for accurate assessment of the critical strain history without interfering with crack observation. Using the strain range at the crack initiation site effectively unified the fatigue life evaluation for both specimens. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoJunji en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaNaoya en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UemoriTakeshi en-aut-sei=Uemori en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=bending vibration kn-keyword=bending vibration en-keyword=crack propagation kn-keyword=crack propagation en-keyword=damage-equivalent strain kn-keyword=damage-equivalent strain en-keyword=resonance frequency reduction kn-keyword=resonance frequency reduction en-keyword=torsion bending vibration kn-keyword=torsion bending vibration en-keyword=vibration fatigue kn-keyword=vibration fatigue END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260623 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Long-term association between the COVID-19 pandemic and language development at 3 years of age en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Few studies have examined the long-term association between the COVID-19 pandemic and language development in preschoolers or its effect modifiers. We therefore examined this association during health checkups of 3-year-olds in Japan.
Methods: This repeated cross-sectional study included 40,898 3-year-olds who underwent checkups in Okayama City, Japan. We compared children examined before (2017?2019) and during the pandemic (2020?2023). The primary outcome was physician-determined risk of language difficulties. The secondary outcome was children’s infrequent questions using words such as “what,” “who,” and “where.” Modified Poisson regression estimated RRs adjusted for confounders. Subgroup analyses examined effect modification by sex, childcare setting, and family size.
Results: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased risk of language difficulties (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.35?1.72). The association peaked in fiscal year 2021 and remained elevated throughout the pandemic. Secondary outcome showed elevated risk (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05?1.29). Girls and home-care children showed higher RRs than boys and preschool attendees.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with risk of language difficulties among 3-year-old children, with associations varying by sex and childcare setting. These findings suggest the importance of maintaining social interaction opportunities for young children during public health crises. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoRumi en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Rumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraKazue en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Kazue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1285 end-page=1290 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260825 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Impact of Adjusted Creatinine Clearance on Carboplatin Dosing in Endometrial Cancer: A Retrospective Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Carboplatin (CBDCA) dosing is commonly determined using the Calvert formula, with creatinine clearance (Ccr) estimated by the Cockcroft?Gault formula. In Japan, where serum creatinine (sCr) is usually measured enzymatically, unadjusted Ccr may overestimate glomerular filtration rate and lead to CBDCA overdosing. We retrospectively compared treatment exposure, hematologic toxicity, and exploratory oncologic outcomes in patients with endometrial cancer who received postoperative paclitaxel plus CBDCA therapy. Patients were grouped according to whether CBDCA dosing was based on the conventional Cockcroft?Gault formula (CG group) or on adjusted Ccr calculated by adding 0.2 mg/dL to sCr (adjusted group). The incidence of Grade ?3 neutropenia was significantly lower in the adjusted group than in the CG group. The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was numerically lower in the adjusted group than in the CG group, although no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups. Because the number of PFS events was limited, the effect of adjusted Ccr-based dosing on oncologic outcomes remains uncertain. These findings suggest that adjusted Ccr-based dosing may reduce hematologic toxicity in routine clinical practice. However, given the limited number of PFS events and the wide uncertainty in survival estimates, further studies are needed to clarify its impact on oncologic outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatayamaKentaro en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraMakio en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Makio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UeharaTakashi en-aut-sei=Uehara en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Clinical Support, Kurashiki Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=carboplatin kn-keyword=carboplatin en-keyword=creatinine clearance kn-keyword=creatinine clearance en-keyword=dose adjustment kn-keyword=dose adjustment en-keyword=endometrial cancer kn-keyword=endometrial cancer en-keyword=neutropenia kn-keyword=neutropenia en-keyword=pharmaceutical care kn-keyword=pharmaceutical care END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=251 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=114493 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2027 dt-pub=202702 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A rule-based calculation approach to derive bone-suppressed chest X-ray images using photon-counting techniques en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Improving the visibility of lung nodules, which are often hidden by bone shadows and difficult to identify, remains a challenge in chest radiography. This study aims to develop an algorithm for generating novel bone-suppressed images using photon-counting techniques. The core idea of our algorithm is to fit photon interaction cross-sections to X-ray attenuation data measured with photon-counting detectors. Based on further calculations using the derived fitting coefficients, both density (ρ) and amount-of-substance concentration (mol) were determined. The product of these values produced a ρ×mol image exhibiting a clear bone-suppression effect. We conducted a virtual chest imaging simulation using 10 patient datasets acquired via clinical photon-counting computed tomography (PC-CT). The CT images were converted into ρ×mol images following the proposed processing procedure, and two-dimensional chest images were generated through projection. Quantitative evaluations confirmed that the proposed images achieved sufficient bone suppression. Furthermore, commercial software provided by a vendor was used to generate bone-suppressed images from conventional images projected from CT data. A comparable bone-suppression effect on the ribs was observed between the vendor-generated images and our proposed images, while lesion visibility (e.g., lung nodules) was preserved. Additionally, bone-suppression effects in our images were observed in the vertebrae and clavicles located outside the lung fields. Our research demonstrates the value of constructing general X-ray imaging systems using photon-counting detectors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimotoNatsumi en-aut-sei=Kimoto en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigamiRina en-aut-sei=Nishigami en-aut-mei=Rina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaharaTakashi en-aut-sei=Asahara en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitaniMana en-aut-sei=Mitani en-aut-mei=Mana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiDaiki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiNoriaki en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiological Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Junshin Gakuen University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Radiology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Radiology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=College of Transdisciplinary Sciences for Innovation, Kanazawa University kn-affil= en-keyword=Photon-counting detector kn-keyword=Photon-counting detector en-keyword=Bone suppression kn-keyword=Bone suppression en-keyword=Lung nodules kn-keyword=Lung nodules en-keyword=Chest radiography kn-keyword=Chest radiography en-keyword=X-ray diagnosis kn-keyword=X-ray diagnosis en-keyword=Quantitative image kn-keyword=Quantitative image END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=165 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=104508 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260911 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Scaled-charge ion force field optimized for individual ion partial molar volumes in water en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present an ion partial molar volume force field for common monovalent and divalent ionic species, including Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Mg2+, Ca2+, F?, Cl?, Br?, I?, OH?, and H3O+. When combined with the TIP4P/2005 water model, the force field enables quantitative investigations of ion-specific effects in both bulk and interfacial properties. The iPMV force field is developed based on a single guiding principle: the ion?water interaction parameters are optimized such that the experimental partial molar volume of each individual ion at infinite dilution?determined via the ultrasonic vibrational potential method?is reproduced by construction. An exception is made for the hydronium ion, for which we also provide an alternative interface-optimized model. The force field employs a charge scaling factor of 0.75 and adopts the Lorentz?Berthelot combining rules for cross-Lennard-Jones interactions, with specific modifications for divalent cations. A distinctive feature of the iPMV force field is that, despite its straightforward design, a single set of ion parameters consistently reproduces a wide range of experimental properties?from volumetric and interfacial properties to salting-out/in effects and transport coefficients. This robust performance suggests a fundamental correlation between the partial molar volumes of individual ions and the broader physical properties of aqueous electrolyte solutions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TairaAoi en-aut-sei=Taira en-aut-mei=Aoi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsutoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Katsuto en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoKanon en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Kanon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumiTomonari en-aut-sei=Sumi en-aut-mei=Tomonari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=60 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260920 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Carbon solubility and liquid?liquid immiscibility in Fe?C?S ternary system up to 6?GPa: implications for the core of small planetary bodies en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=High-pressure, high-temperature experiments were conducted in a multi-anvil press using seven different starting compositions to investigate the phase relations of Fe?C?S liquids at pressures up to 6 GPa and temperatures up to 2000 K. Quenched samples revealed immiscible C-rich and S-rich metallic liquids at 2 and 4 GPa, manifesting as either large immiscible zones or emulsified smaller droplets. On the contrary, no immiscibility was observed at 5 or 6 GPa. At these higher pressures, the carbon solubility limit, significantly reduced by increasing sulfur content in the ternary liquid, prevents the formation of a liquid phase rich in both C and S. Our findings thus indicate that super-liquidus immiscibility in Fe-rich compositions does not occur at pressures above 5 GPa, due to the differential pressure dependence of C solubility and miscibility. The limited C solubility in S-rich liquids at higher pressures effectively suppresses immiscibility. Based on these results, terrestrial planetary bodies with fluid cores at pressures exceeding 5 GPa are unlikely to experience liquid?liquid immiscibility, even when both carbon and sulfur are abundant, as sulfur limits carbon solubility and promotes its exsolution. For the Moon, immiscibility-induced core stratification is not expected, though local emulsification could occur near the core?mantle boundary (CMB). In smaller bodies, a two-liquid Fe?C?S core may form at high temperatures, but progressive cooling may lead to graphite crystallization and the potential development of a graphitic crust. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhaoBin en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Bin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorardGuillaume en-aut-sei=Morard en-aut-mei=Guillaume kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ManthilakeGeeth en-aut-sei=Manthilake en-aut-mei=Geeth kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ParisiadesParaskevas en-aut-sei=Parisiades en-aut-mei=Paraskevas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YangJing en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Jing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FeiYingwei en-aut-sei=Fei en-aut-mei=Yingwei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Le GodecYann en-aut-sei=Le Godec en-aut-mei=Yann kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoNozomi en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Nozomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AntonangeliDaniele en-aut-sei=Antonangeli en-aut-mei=Daniele kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Min?ralogie, de Physique des Mat?riaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Mus?um National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universit? kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Universit? Clermont-Auvergne kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Min?ralogie, de Physique des Mat?riaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Mus?um National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universit? kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Min?ralogie, de Physique des Mat?riaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Mus?um National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universit? kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Min?ralogie, de Physique des Mat?riaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC, Mus?um National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universit? kn-affil= en-keyword=Iron?carbon?sulfur liquids kn-keyword=Iron?carbon?sulfur liquids en-keyword=Miscibility kn-keyword=Miscibility en-keyword=High pressure and high temperature kn-keyword=High pressure and high temperature en-keyword=Planetary cores kn-keyword=Planetary cores END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=98 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=107057 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2027 dt-pub=202701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transcriptional remodeling of local thyroid hormone metabolism is associated with feather growth termination in chicken wing feathers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Feather elongation is sustained by continuous cell proliferation within the feather follicle; however, the molecular mechanisms responsible for feather growth termination remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated molecular changes associated with feather growth termination by comparing two chicken wing feather types with contrasting growth characteristics: primary wing feathers and primary coverts. Histological and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation analyses demonstrated that primary wing feathers remained in an active growth phase, whereas primary coverts exhibited pulp regression, reduced cell proliferation, and characteristics of growth termination. Gene expression analyses showed that primary coverts exhibited reduced expression of prolactin receptor (PRLR), type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO2), and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), together with marked induction of the thyroid hormone (TH)-inactivating enzyme type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO3). In contrast, primary wing feathers exhibited relatively higher expression of PRLR, DIO2, and IGF2 than primary coverts, while maintaining consistently low DIO3 expression. Reporter assays showed increased IGF2 promoter activity following triiodothyronine (T3) treatment in all three independent experiments, although the increase did not reach statistical significance. Thus, the reporter assay provides only tentative support for T3 responsiveness of the IGF2 promoter, consistent with our previous in vivo and primary-culture findings showing T3-dependent increases in IGF2 expression. These coordinated transcriptional changes are consistent with remodeling of local TH metabolism during the transition from active feather growth to growth termination. While local TH concentrations and direct deiodinase activities remain to be quantified, and the causal relationship between PRL/PRLR signaling and DIO3 induction remains unresolved, this study provides a molecular framework for understanding how local endocrine regulation translates systemic hormonal signals into feather type-specific growth responses during avian feather development. Graphical abstract en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShinoharaMasamichi en-aut-sei=Shinohara en-aut-mei=Masamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NozawaYuri en-aut-sei=Nozawa en-aut-mei=Yuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuchiHibiki en-aut-sei=Fukuchi en-aut-mei=Hibiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiYu en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AizawaSayaka en-aut-sei=Aizawa en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiSakae en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Sakae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Feather growth termination kn-keyword=Feather growth termination en-keyword=Prolactin kn-keyword=Prolactin en-keyword=Thyroid hormone metabolism kn-keyword=Thyroid hormone metabolism en-keyword=DIO3 kn-keyword=DIO3 en-keyword=Chicken kn-keyword=Chicken END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e00714-26 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260915 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Interaction with the N-acetylgalactosamine moiety facilitates pore formation by Cry4Aa toxin, thereby increasing its toxicity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Cry4Aa is a mosquito-larvicidal toxin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis. Cry4Aa exhibits a characteristic architecture comprising three domains (I, II, and III) and functions as a pore-forming toxin, consistent with many previously reported insecticidal Cry toxins. However, the mechanism preceding pore formation by Cry4Aa, including receptor recognition, remains to be elucidated. The present study examined the potential involvement of sugar moieties in the Cry4Aa mode of action, with a particular focus on the process of pore formation. Cry4Aa and the sugar N-acetylgalactosamine exhibited considerably increased binding affinity. Furthermore, N-acetylgalactosamine treatment significantly enhanced the toxicity of Cry4Aa against Culex pipiens mosquito larvae. In the presence of N-acetylgalactosamine, the binding of Cry4Aa to phosphatidylcholine liposomes increased by 1.4-fold. The presence of this sugar did not affect the single-channel conductance of Cry4Aa pores formed in artificial lipid bilayers; however, it did appear to increase the number of Cry4Aa pores per designated area. In silico molecular docking analysis revealed promising binding sites within the cavity, surrounded by the Cry4Aa domains. These results suggest that the interaction of Cry4Aa with N-acetylgalactosamine moieties is a vital step in the process of pore formation. This interaction may induce a conformational change in the Cry4Aa molecule that facilitates its insertion into the target membrane. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HowladerMohammad Tofazzal Hossain en-aut-sei=Howlader en-aut-mei=Mohammad Tofazzal Hossain kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsutsuiTaiyo en-aut-sei=Tsutsui en-aut-mei=Taiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoKouichi en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Kouichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaTohru en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Tohru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Program, School of Engineering, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Program, School of Engineering, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Bacillus thuringiensisser serovar israelensis kn-keyword=Bacillus thuringiensisser serovar israelensis en-keyword=Cry4Aa toxin kn-keyword=Cry4Aa toxin en-keyword=Culex pipiens mosquito larvae kn-keyword=Culex pipiens mosquito larvae en-keyword=interaction with N-acetylgalactosamine kn-keyword=interaction with N-acetylgalactosamine END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=478 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=117156 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Deep-blue solid-state emission from Ternaphthalene: Photophysical tuning via multi-chromophore architectures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report the synthesis and photophysical characterization of a series of “all-naphthalene” multi-chromophore systems, ternaphthalenes (TNps), designed for efficient deep-blue solid-state emission. Unlike planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that suffer from aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), the twisted molecular architecture of TNps effectively inhibits π-π stacking interactions. Consequently, several TNps exhibit crystallization-induced emission enhancement (CIEE) or retain high quantum yields (up to 0.94) in the solid state. Kinetic analysis revealed that this efficiency stems from the significant suppression of non-radiative rates (knr) due to the restricted intramolecular rotation in the rigid crystal lattice. Furthermore, a decisive topological effect on the radiative rate (kf) was demonstrated. The 1,4-, 1,5- and 2,6-linked isomers display allowed transitions with large oscillator strengths (f) and fast radiative rate (kf = ca. 5 × 108 s?1), whereas the 2,7-linked isomers exhibit forbidden-like character with prolonged lifetimes. A distinct linear correlation between the experimental and calculated values empirically supports the applicability of the Strickler-Berg relationship in both solution and solid states. These findings demonstrate that controlling the chromophore connectivity is a powerful strategy to tune excited-state dynamics for developing high-performance deep-blue organic emitters. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamajiMinoru en-aut-sei=Yamaji en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiKengo en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoHideki en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Gunma University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment, Life, Natural Sciences and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Deep-blue fluorescence kn-keyword=Deep-blue fluorescence en-keyword=Solid-state emission kn-keyword=Solid-state emission en-keyword=Multi-chromophore system kn-keyword=Multi-chromophore system en-keyword=Radiative rate kn-keyword=Radiative rate en-keyword=Density functional theory (DFT) kn-keyword=Density functional theory (DFT) en-keyword=Structure-property relationship kn-keyword=Structure-property relationship END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e202500335 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Substitution‐Dependent Modulation of Photophysical Properties of 2,7‐ and 3,6‐Dinaphthyl‐9‐phenylcarbazoles in Solution and Solid State en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The photophysical properties of two positional isomers of dinaphthyl-9-phenylcarbazoles (2,7-DNpPCz and 3,6-DNpPCz) were systematically investigated in solution and solid states. Experimental measurements revealed a pronounced positional dependence, although both compounds exhibit fluorescence in solution and the solid state. On average, the 2,7-isomers exhibit larger fluorescence rate values than the 3,6-isomers, although the magnitude of this difference varies among individual compounds. To gain mechanistic insight, density function theory (DFT) and time-dependence DFT calculations were performed at the (TD)-B3LYP/6-31+G(d) level. The results show that 2,7-DNpPCz derivatives possess delocalized frontier orbitals and large oscillator strengths for the S1?←?S0 transition, whereas 3,6-DNpPCz derivatives exhibit smaller oscillator strengths with mixed orbital contributions, leading to weaker transition probabilities. These combined findings demonstrate that substitution geometry critically governs radiative decay dynamics in carbazole-based luminophores and provide valuable guidelines for the molecular design of efficient solid-state organic emitters. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamajiMinoru en-aut-sei=Yamaji en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriTadashi en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoHideki en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Gunma University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Center for Environmental Preservation and Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Osaka kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environment, Life, Natural Sciences and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=carbazole kn-keyword=carbazole en-keyword=emission lifetime kn-keyword=emission lifetime en-keyword=emission quantum yield kn-keyword=emission quantum yield en-keyword=photoluminescence kn-keyword=photoluminescence en-keyword=solid-state emission kn-keyword=solid-state emission END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=430 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=249 end-page=262 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pervasive and rapid enrichment of nitrogen in newly erupted oceanic basalt en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The alteration of oceanic crust by seawater is a critical sink in the global nitrogen (N) cycle, yet the mechanisms and timescales of N enrichment remain poorly constrained. We present N concentrations and isotope compositions from a 192-meter drill core (SE-02b) retrieved from the then 50-year-old Surtsey Island in Iceland, a pristine analog for rapid alteration of young oceanic basalt. The altered basaltic tuffs show significant N enrichment (average 11 ± 8 μg/g), relative to unaltered Icelandic basalt glasses (0.028 ± 0.026 μg/g) and MORB (?1.1 to 1.5 μg/g), matching the global average for altered oceanic crust (11 μg/g; ranging in ages from 5 to 170 Ma). Nitrogen isotope compositions (δ15Nair = ?1.7 ± 4.6‰) are primarily consistent with incorporation of seawater- and meteoric-derived ammonium (NH4+), more likely into secondary K-minerals, palagonitized glass and smectites throughout the core. To a lesser extent, N could be incorporated into Na/Ca-minerals such as analcime in the meteoric water altered zone and sulphates such as anhydrite and gypsum when present. Incorporation of NH4+ into secondary phases occurs with little isotope fractionation consistent with equilibrium fractionation between clay and aqueous NH4+. We demonstrate that seawater-rock interaction alone can produce the ubiquitous background N enrichment of the oceanic crust without the addition of remobilized N from sedimentary sources. Such magnitude of enrichment is also observed via meteoric water alteration. Localized high enrichments in N in areas of enhanced fluid flow at core SE-02b with exceptionally low δ15N values (as low as ?20.1‰), are attributed to abiotic reduction of dissolved N2 under anoxic conditions and/or microbial activity. We propose that N incorporation into the oceanic crust can occur rapidly in days to decades rather than at a constant rate over geologic time. This has major implications for N transfer in subduction zones, N exchange between the oceanic crust, seawater and the atmosphere and for planetary habitability. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Bustos-MorenoJuan Felipe en-aut-sei=Bustos-Moreno en-aut-mei=Juan Felipe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WeisenbergerTobias B. en-aut-sei=Weisenberger en-aut-mei=Tobias B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaRyoji en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Ryoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitagawaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=BeboutGray E. en-aut-sei=Bebout en-aut-mei=Gray E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Geology and Sustainable Mining Institute, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University kn-affil= en-keyword=Nitrogen isotopes kn-keyword=Nitrogen isotopes en-keyword=Nitrogen cycling kn-keyword=Nitrogen cycling en-keyword=Hydrogen isotopes, carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes, altered oceanic crust kn-keyword=Hydrogen isotopes, carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes, altered oceanic crust en-keyword=Hydrothermal alteration kn-keyword=Hydrothermal alteration en-keyword=Surtsey kn-keyword=Surtsey en-keyword=Iceland kn-keyword=Iceland END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1868 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=149607 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2027 dt-pub=202701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural and functional analysis of a photosystem II mutant PsbA3-S264V en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Photosystem II (PSII) catalyzes water oxidation and oxygen evolution by a light-induced electron transfer chain, leading to the generation of electrons, protons and dioxygen. D1-S264 is a residue located close to the QB-binding site, and mutation of this residue has been shown to bring significant effects on the electron transfer and oxygen-evolving activities. Here we analyzed the structure of a Thermosynechococcus elongatus mutant PsbA3-S264V by cryo-electron microscopy at 1.96 ? resolution, which showed significant changes in the structure surrounding the bicarbonate and QB-binding region. Due to change of Ser to Val, the hydrogen-bond between the QB carbonyl oxygen and S264 is altered, which changed the protonation pathway of QB from the original route of D1-H252 through D1-S264 to QB, to a new, longer and less efficient route of D1-H252 through D1-F265 to QB. Two residues, D1-E244 and D2-E242, changed their side chain orientations significantly. Among them, D2-E242 adopted two conformations, and both are largely deviated from the original structure. All these changes led to alterations in hydrogen-bonding networks of two channels, channel A and channel B, that connect the stromal surface to QB and may function to transport protons to protonate QB. Furthermore, isothermal titration calorimetry experiments showed a diminished 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea (DCMU) binding affinity of the mutated PSII, which may be explained by a structural rotation of D1-F255 in the mutant based on structural analysis of DCMU-bound PSII. These findings offer valuable insights into the functions of D1-S264 in QB protonation and function, as well as in the DCMU-binding. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FanSongbo en-aut-sei=Fan en-aut-mei=Songbo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaYoshiki en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Yoshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKoji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=JiangHaowei en-aut-sei=Jiang en-aut-mei=Haowei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsaiPi-Cheng en-aut-sei=Tsai en-aut-mei=Pi-Cheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=JiaAnqi en-aut-sei=Jia en-aut-mei=Anqi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiuraMiwa en-aut-sei=Sugiura en-aut-mei=Miwa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren en-aut-sei=Shen en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Proteo-Science Research Center, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Advanced Research Field, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Photosystem II kn-keyword=Photosystem II en-keyword=PsbA3-S264V kn-keyword=PsbA3-S264V en-keyword=QB protonation kn-keyword=QB protonation en-keyword=DCMU-binding kn-keyword=DCMU-binding en-keyword=Thermosynechococcus elongatus kn-keyword=Thermosynechococcus elongatus END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e70062 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Sexual Dimorphism in Vertebral Number: Developmental Implications Inferred From Vertebral and Body Proportions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Segmentation is a fundamental feature of vertebrate body plans, and variation in vertebral number contributes substantially to morphological diversity. Although sexual dimorphism in vertebral number has been documented in several vertebrate lineages, its developmental basis remains poorly understood. Here, we report pronounced sexual dimorphism in vertebral number in the western Indian endemic ricefish Oryzias setnai, distributed across ~1800?km. Radiographic analyses of individuals collected throughout its range revealed that vertebral number increased with latitude in both sexes, while males consistently possessed more vertebrae than females irrespective of geographic origin. Size-adjusted analyses showed that this dimorphism is associated with sex differences in head size and position-dependent variation in vertebral length. However, positional allometric analyses demonstrated that both the magnitude and direction of these sex differences vary markedly during growth. In particular, among smaller individuals, posterior vertebrae were relatively shorter in males than in females, suggesting reduced somite length in the posterior body axis of male embryos and potentially reflecting sex-specific differences in the dynamics of somitogenesis. Given that this variation arises between males and females within a single species sharing an essentially identical genetic background, O. setnai provides a rare empirical system not only for linking early developmental processes to intraspecific sexual variation in vertebrate body plans but also as a powerful model to investigate the developmental basis of body plan variation across species. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamahiraKazunori en-aut-sei=Yamahira en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnoopV. K. en-aut-sei=Anoop en-aut-mei=V. K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaghavanRajeev en-aut-sei=Raghavan en-aut-mei=Rajeev kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnsaiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Ansai en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Fisheries Resource Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=axial patterning kn-keyword=axial patterning en-keyword=developmental mechanisms kn-keyword=developmental mechanisms en-keyword=latitude kn-keyword=latitude en-keyword=Oryzias kn-keyword=Oryzias en-keyword=segmentation interval kn-keyword=segmentation interval en-keyword=vertebral length kn-keyword=vertebral length END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=118 end-page=129 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Factors promoting students’ application of health checkup reports: analysis using health literacy skills framework kn-title=中・高・大学生の健診結果活用の促進要因?ヘルスリテラシースキルフレームワークを用いた検討? en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Objective: This study aimed to clarify the factors associated with the application of health checkup reports and their interrelationships using a health literacy skills framework.
Methods: An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire survey was administered 493 middle school, 360 high school and 297 first-year university students. The contents included “Application of Health Checkup Reports,” “Health Interest,” “Health Literacy (HL),” “Readability of The Health Checkup Report,” “Reading Comprehension of The Report,” and “Decision-making Balance.” The hypothetical model was tested using a multi group simultaneous path analysis by school type and sex.
Results: The revised model, in which four additional paths were added, showed a good fit across all school types and sex. The paths from “Readability” to “Reading comprehension,” “Reading comprehension” to “Decision-making,” “Decision-making” to “Application,” “Health Interest” to “Reading comprehension,” “Decision-making,” and “Application,” “HL” to “Application” were significant across all school types. Conversely, the paths from “Health Interest” and “Readability” to “HL,” and “HL” to “Reading comprehension” and “Decision-making,” were significant only among middle and high school students.
Conclusion: Making the results easier to understand, enhancing reading comprehension and recognition of the pros of health checkups, and reducing recognition of the cons might effectively promote the application of health checkup reports among students. kn-abstract=目的：学校健康診断結果活用（以下，活用）と関連要因及び相互の関連性をヘルスリテラシースキルフレームワークを用いて明らかにすることを目的とした．
方法：中学生493名，高校生360名，大学1年生297名を対象に無記名自記式質問紙調査を行った．調査内容は活用と，健康への関心，ヘルスリテラシー（以下，HL），健診結果に対する認識，健診結果の読解力（以下，読解力），意思決定バランスとした．これらの関連性を示す仮説モデルを校種，性別の多母集団同時パス解析で検証した．
結果：仮説モデルに4つのパスを追加した修正モデルで，校種，性別いずれにおいても配置不変モデルで良好な適合度を得た．健診結果に対する認識から読解力，読解力から意思決定バランス，意思決定バランスから活用，健康への関心から読解力，意思決定バランス，活用へのパス及び，HLから活用へのパスは全ての校種において有意であった．健康への関心と結果に対する認識からHL，HLから読解力，意思決定バランスへのパスは中・高校生のみで有意であった．
結論：中・高・大学生の健診結果活用を促すためには，健診結果を分かりやすくすること，健診結果の読解力及び意思決定バランスの向上，すなわち恩恵の認識の向上と，負担の認識の軽減が有効であり，その際に対象者の健康への関心とHLの程度を考慮する必要性が示唆された． en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ONISHIHitomi en-aut-sei=ONISHI en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name=大西瞳 kn-aut-sei=大西 kn-aut-mei=瞳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NISHIOKANobuki en-aut-sei=NISHIOKA en-aut-mei=Nobuki kn-aut-name=西岡伸紀 kn-aut-sei=西岡 kn-aut-mei=伸紀 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ITOTakehiko en-aut-sei=ITO en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name=伊藤武彦 kn-aut-sei=伊藤 kn-aut-mei=武彦 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=The Joint Graduate School (Ph.D. Program) in Science of School Education, Hyogo University of Teacher Education kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Psychology and Collaboration, Kyoto Women’s University kn-affil=京都女子大学心理共生学部 affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=読みやすさ (readability) kn-keyword=読みやすさ (readability) en-keyword=読解力 (reading comprehension) kn-keyword=読解力 (reading comprehension) en-keyword=意思決定バランス (decision balance) kn-keyword=意思決定バランス (decision balance) en-keyword=健康への関心 (health interest) kn-keyword=健康への関心 (health interest) en-keyword=ヘルスリテラシー (health literacy) kn-keyword=ヘルスリテラシー (health literacy) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical outcomes of near-infrared photoimmunotherapy according to immune checkpoint inhibitor timing and treatment sequence: a multicenter retrospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a novel local treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer. However, the clinical significance of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) timing and treatment sequencing remains unclear. This study investigated their association with clinical outcomes after NIR-PIT.
Methods This multicenter retrospective study included 44 patients with 48 lesions who underwent initial NIR-PIT between January 2021 and March 2026. The primary analysis compared outcomes according to prior ICI exposure. An exploratory analysis evaluated outcomes according to treatment sequence and timing of ICI administration. The primary endpoint was local control. Secondary endpoints were objective response rate and disease control rate, while overall survival was assessed exploratorily.
Results Median local control duration was 253 days, but was 174 days in the prior ICI exposure group and 342 days in the non-prior ICI exposure group (log-rank P = 0.031). Local progression occurred in 69.2?37.1% of lesions, respectively (P = 0.059). Among 45 evaluable lesions, the objective response rate and disease control rate were 60.0?93.3%, respectively. Median overall survival was 866 days. Exploratory analyses suggested potential differences in clinical outcomes according to treatment sequence and ICI timing.
Conclusions Prior ICI exposure was associated with poorer local control after NIR-PIT. Exploratory analyses suggested that ICI timing and treatment sequencing may influence clinical outcomes. Treatment sequencing may represent an important consideration when integrating NIR-PIT and ICIs for recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MakinoTakuma en-aut-sei=Makino en-aut-mei=Takuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoShohei en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OritaYorihisa en-aut-sei=Orita en-aut-mei=Yorihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TachibanaTomoyasu en-aut-sei=Tachibana en-aut-mei=Tomoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaoiYuto en-aut-sei=Naoi en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMizuo en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Mizuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy kn-keyword=Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy en-keyword=Immune checkpoint inhibitor kn-keyword=Immune checkpoint inhibitor en-keyword=Head and neck cancer kn-keyword=Head and neck cancer en-keyword=Treatment sequence kn-keyword=Treatment sequence en-keyword=Local control kn-keyword=Local control END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=983 end-page=988 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260620 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Deuterated Drugs on Safety: Insights from Pharmacovigilance Data Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Huntington’s disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms. Tetrabenazine (TBZ), a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor, is commonly used to manage chorea; however, it may exhibit fluctuating plasma levels and elicit frequent adverse events. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of TBZ deuteration on its safety profile. We compared the safety profiles of TBZ and deutetrabenazine (DTBZ) in real-world clinical practice using disproportionality analysis and the large-scale pharmacovigilance database, VigiBase?the WHO’s global database of adverse drug reactions. Adverse event signals were assessed using the information component (IC). Seriousness was classified according to clinical outcome, and time to onset (TTO) was analyzed for selected events. TBZ showed signals for disorientation, dystonia, and sleep disorders (IC025 > 0), whereas DTBZ did not. Serious adverse events were reported in 54.7% of TBZ cases and 37.9% of DTBZ cases. The TTO of sleep disorder was also evaluated; however, the number of cases with available TTO information was limited. DTBZ showed fewer adverse event signals and a lower proportion of serious adverse events than TBZ. These findings suggest potential differences in the safety profiles of the two drugs, which may influence tolerability in the treatment of HD. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitagawaKohei en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NawaHideki en-aut-sei=Nawa en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaiShota en-aut-sei=Asai en-aut-mei=Shota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataNaohiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiimuraTakahiro en-aut-sei=Niimura en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamanoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Hamano en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizawaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Ishizawa en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama Psychiatric Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=deuterated drug kn-keyword=deuterated drug en-keyword=VigiBase kn-keyword=VigiBase en-keyword=heavy drug kn-keyword=heavy drug en-keyword=safety advantage kn-keyword=safety advantage en-keyword=pharmacovigilance analysis kn-keyword=pharmacovigilance analysis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Seizures associated with clozapine augmentation by other antipsychotics: a pharmacovigilance?pharmacodynamic analysis using VigiBase en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Clozapine is associated with a high risk of central nervous system abnormalities. However, seizure risk related to interactions between clozapine and other antipsychotics remains poorly characterized, and the pharmacological mechanisms underlying these seizures are unclear. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate safety signals for seizures associated with clozapine augmentation by other antipsychotics and analyze the relationship between these signals and neurotransmitter receptor occupancy profiles.
Design: A pharmacovigilance?pharmacodynamic analysis using a spontaneous reporting system.
Methods: This pharmacovigilance study used VigiBase, an adverse drug reaction database maintained by the World Health Organization. Drug?drug interactions (DDIs) between clozapine and other antipsychotics were assessed using the Ω shrinkage measure model. The association between DDI signals and neurotransmitter receptor occupancy was evaluated using linear regression. Robustness was tested using four frequency statistical models: additive, multiplicative, combination risk ratio, and chi-square statistic models. Results: Of 38,758,077 reports in VigiBase between 1990 and 2024, 230,371 involved clozapine. Among antipsychotics classified under ATC code N05A, DDIs with clozapine were detected for amisulpride, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, lurasidone, olanzapine, penfluridol, risperidone, sulpiride, zotepine, and zuclopenthixol. A significant association between dopamine D4 receptor occupancy and the point estimates of signal values was observed in the Ω shrinkage measure model (β?=?0.295, 95% confidence interval: 0.119?0.471, p?=?0.002) and replicated across all frequency statistical models.
Conclusions: These findings suggest a potential role of dopamine D4 receptor occupancy in seizures associated with clozapine augmentation by other antipsychotics. Further large-scale epidemiological studies are needed to validate these findings. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HatanoMasakazu en-aut-sei=Hatano en-aut-mei=Masakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamanoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Hamano en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaMasaya en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosekiTakenao en-aut-sei=Koseki en-aut-mei=Takenao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaiTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Nakai en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriiRina en-aut-sei=Horii en-aut-mei=Rina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiharaNozomi en-aut-sei=Yoshihara en-aut-mei=Nozomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoTakeo en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakechiKenshi en-aut-sei=Takechi en-aut-mei=Kenshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=EsumiSatoru en-aut-sei=Esumi en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaShigeki en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Shigeki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Informatics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Informatics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Informatics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Informatics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Informatics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Drug Information Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Informatics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Stereoselective synthesis of β,β-diborylalanine (AlaBB) and its incorporation into oligopeptides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report the stereoselective synthesis of β,β-diborylalanine (AlaBB), a compact amino acid scaffold designed to introduce a gem-diboronic acid motif as a branched connector in peptides. Pinacol-protected AlaBB derivatives, denoted as AlaBB(pin)2, were prepared from an Ellman imine, incorporated into short peptides, and converted to the corresponding gem-diboronic acid form. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NittaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Nitta en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaiKenshin en-aut-sei=Nakai en-aut-mei=Kenshin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizoguchiHaruki en-aut-sei=Mizoguchi en-aut-mei=Haruki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakuraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakura en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260908 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Biological Resectability in Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Nomogram‐Based Continuous Risk Model to Define Borderline Disease en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Resectability in colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) is traditionally defined by technical feasibility; however, a biologically based definition of borderline resectable disease has not been established. We evaluated the prognostic impact of KRAS mutation and developed a model for biological risk stratification.
Methods: This multi-institutional retrospective study included 584 patients undergoing initial hepatectomy for CRLM. The impact of KRAS mutation was assessed according to primary tumor sidedness and tumor burden score (TBS). A nomogram predicting overall survival (OS) was constructed using independent prognostic factors and compared with established clinical risk scores.
Results: KRAS mutation was identified in 36.8% of patients and was associated with worse OS (median survival: 47.3 vs. 70.6?months, p?=?0.0006) and recurrence-free survival. This adverse impact was observed in left-sided tumors but not in right-sided tumors. TBS stratified prognosis in KRAS wild-type but not in mutant cases, suggesting that tumor biology may outweigh morphology. A nomogram incorporating KRAS status, TBS, CA19-9, primary nodal status, and extrahepatic disease demonstrated improved discriminatory ability compared with conventional models and stratified recurrence patterns, including extrahepatic recurrence.
Conclusions: The prognostic impact of KRAS mutation depends on tumor sidedness and is independent of tumor morphology. Our nomogram provides a continuous biological risk assessment and may facilitate biological risk stratification and support future refinement of the concept of biologically borderline resectable CRLM. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UmedaYuzo en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Yuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiTomokazu en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Tomokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaToru en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoujimaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Koujima en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaTatsuo en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohDaisuke en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiMasaru en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Masaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Himeji Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tenwakai Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=biology kn-keyword=biology en-keyword=borderline resectable kn-keyword=borderline resectable en-keyword=colorectal liver metastases kn-keyword=colorectal liver metastases en-keyword=genetic profile kn-keyword=genetic profile en-keyword=KRAS kn-keyword=KRAS en-keyword=morphology kn-keyword=morphology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e00484-26 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=High-throughput screening system for antimycobacterial compounds using in vitro infected cells: construction and application to compounds in the ?mura Natural Compound Library en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The global increase in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis strains poses a major threat; consequently, there is an urgent need to identify and develop novel drugs. We have previously presented a simple fibroblast assay (SFA) screening method that enables the simultaneous assessment of antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity toward host cells. This method was developed based on our finding that live (but not dead) Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli exhibit cytotoxic activity against human lung fibroblasts, and that this cytotoxicity, which is proportional to the number of viable bacterial cells, is inhibited by known antimycobacterial drugs. While conventional methods to measure M. tuberculosis growth require 2?4 weeks to detect antibacterial activity; the SFA method enables detection within 2?3 days and can detect compounds that are active within host cells. Here, we applied high-throughput screening, based on assessment of cytotoxicity, to identify candidate antimycobacterial agents. In parallel, by comparing the direct antibacterial activity of compounds in liquid medium (using the broth dilution test) with that observed via SFA, we developed a new SFA-based screening system to select compounds with low cytotoxicity that are active outside or inside the host cells. Using this dual system, we screened 742 compounds from the ?mura Natural Compound Library (Kitasato University, Japan), with 62 hits. Of these, 19 were excluded owing to their toxicity, and six exhibited antibacterial activity only via SFA screening. Four promising antimycobacterial candidates with no cytotoxicity at the 10 μg/mL threshold?aridicin A, lankamycin, streptovaricin, and lariatin A?were identified. identified.This novel system supports the rapid identification of low-cytotoxicity antimycobacterial compounds that are active inside or outside the host cells. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakiiTakemasa en-aut-sei=Takii en-aut-mei=Takemasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimishimaAoi en-aut-sei=Kimishima en-aut-mei=Aoi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwatsukiMasato en-aut-sei=Iwatsuki en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaNaoya en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsamiYukihiro en-aut-sei=Asami en-aut-mei=Yukihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=?mura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=?mura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=?mura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=?mura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University kn-affil= en-keyword=Mycobacterium tuberculosis kn-keyword=Mycobacterium tuberculosis en-keyword=Mycobacterium avium kn-keyword=Mycobacterium avium en-keyword=Mycobacterium abscessus kn-keyword=Mycobacterium abscessus en-keyword=fibroblasts kn-keyword=fibroblasts en-keyword=the ?mura Natural Compound Library kn-keyword=the ?mura Natural Compound Library en-keyword=antibacterial activity kn-keyword=antibacterial activity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Stereoselective synthesis of β,β-diborylalanine (AlaBB) and its incorporation into oligopeptides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report the stereoselective synthesis of β,β-diborylalanine (AlaBB), a compact amino acid scaffold designed to introduce a gem-diboronic acid motif as a branched connector in peptides. Pinacol-protected AlaBB derivatives, denoted as AlaBB(pin)2, were prepared from an Ellman imine, incorporated into short peptides, and converted to the corresponding gem-diboronic acid form. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NittaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Nitta en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaiKenshin en-aut-sei=Nakai en-aut-mei=Kenshin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizoguchiHaruki en-aut-sei=Mizoguchi en-aut-mei=Haruki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakuraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakura en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=112872 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202612 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prediction of tool-path and cycle time errors of CNC machining using a transformer-based deep learning model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The prediction of tool-path and cycle time errors of computer numerical control (CNC) machining is important in manufacturing field. In this study, these errors are considered as sequential data corresponding to the lines of G-code, i.e., the error prediction is a sequence-to-sequence task, and a Transformer-based deep learning model was constructed to predict the tool-path and cycle time errors simultaneously, taking the positional increments and feed rate as the input. The training datasets were created by running a randomly generated G-code on a real CNC machine tool and subsequently tracking the actual errors, where the motion and feed rate are stochastically defined. The model is validated by conducting the error prediction on six sets of G-code. In addition, the comparison with a Bi-LSTM-based deep learning model is conducted. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the Transformer model can achieve the mean prediction accuracies of ±1 μm and ±1 ms in tool-path and cycle time error predictions, respectively. Furthermore, the Transformer model has a smaller prediction uncertainty than the Bi-LSTM model. Compared with conventional methods only analyzing tool-path errors or cycle-time errors, the utilized model has an advantage in its ability to simultaneously predict tool-path errors and cycle time errors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanekoKazuki en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiZongze en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Zongze kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Tech, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University kn-affil= en-keyword=CNC machining kn-keyword=CNC machining en-keyword=Tool-path error kn-keyword=Tool-path error en-keyword=Cycle time error kn-keyword=Cycle time error en-keyword=Deep learning kn-keyword=Deep learning en-keyword=Transformer kn-keyword=Transformer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=100085 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202611 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of serotonin transporters on myocardial cell injury during ischemia/reperfusion in rats en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Serotonin (5-HT) reuptake in the heart is mediated by the platelet serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) and the cardiomyocyte plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT). However, the specific roles of these transporters in myocardial cell injury during ischemia/reperfusion remain unclear. Sprague-Dawley rats underwent left coronary artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. Using cardiac microdialysis technique, fluoxetine (SERT inhibitor, 900?μM) or decynium 22 (PMAT inhibitor, 100?μM) was administered locally to the ischemic region. Myoglobin concentrations in the dialysate were measured during ischemia followed by reperfusion. In the fluoxetine-treated group, peak myoglobin concentration (14,889?±?1364?ng/mL) during 0?15?min of reperfusion was significantly higher compared to both the control group (9800?±?1627?ng/mL) and the decynium 22-treated group (8172?±?877?ng/mL) (P? Methods Clinical data partially derived from a previous observational study were analyzed. In total, 181 patients and 480 implants placed using fully static-guided surgery were included in this study. The outcome variable was defined as three-dimensional implant placement error at the implant apex relative to the preoperative simulation, dichotomized as less than 0.5 mm or ??0.5 mm. Twenty-one clinical and radiographic factors previously suggested to influence the placement accuracy were used as explanatory variables. The feature importance was evaluated using three gradient boosting decision tree models. Furthermore, a stacking model combining multiple classifiers was constructed, and the classification performance was assessed using ten-fold cross-validation.
Results The feature importance analysis identified 12 features associated with implant placement errors. The stacking model demonstrated superior classification performance compared to individual classifiers. The true positive rate was 0.73, false negative rate was 0.27, false positive rate was 0.14, and true negative rate was 0.86.
Conclusions The proposed stacking model correctly classified 86% of cases with implant placement error less than 0.5 mm and 73% of cases with implant placement error of ??0.5 mm. These findings suggest that the proposed model may support the preoperative evaluation of implant placement accuracy in static-guided surgeries. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MinoTakuya en-aut-sei=Mino en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaYurina en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Yurina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorookaKen’ichi en-aut-sei=Morooka en-aut-mei=Ken’ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumotoKana en-aut-sei=Tokumoto en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuHiroaki en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurosakiYoko en-aut-sei=Kurosaki en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Kimura-OnoAya en-aut-sei=Kimura-Ono en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoHiromitsu en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Hiromitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaekawaKenji en-aut-sei=Maekawa en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Semiconductor, Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Shimizu Dental Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion, School of Dentistry, Osaka Dental University kn-affil= en-keyword=Implant placement kn-keyword=Implant placement en-keyword=Accuracy kn-keyword=Accuracy en-keyword=Surgical guide kn-keyword=Surgical guide en-keyword=Machine learning kn-keyword=Machine learning en-keyword=Prediction algorithms kn-keyword=Prediction algorithms en-keyword=Decision trees kn-keyword=Decision trees en-keyword=Support vector machine kn-keyword=Support vector machine en-keyword=Sensitivity and specificity kn-keyword=Sensitivity and specificity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=17 article-no= start-page=2822 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260902 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Granular Swollen Epithelial Cells in Native Kidney Biopsies: Prevalence, Clinicopathological Associations and Kidney Outcomes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Granular swollen epithelial cells (GSECs) have been described primarily in mitochondrial cytopathies, in which they are regarded as a characteristic pathological finding that may aid in the diagnosis of mitochondrial dysfunction; however, their prevalence and clinical significance in native kidney disease remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, clinicopathological associations, and prognostic significance of GSECs in native kidney biopsy specimens. Methods: Among 1165 adults who underwent native kidney biopsy between 2011 and 2024, 501 patients with evaluable medullary tissue were included in this retrospective cohort study. GSECs were defined as enlarged tubular epithelial cells with conspicuous granular cytoplasm in medullary tubules, and cases were classified as GSEC-positive when at least one unequivocal GSEC was identified. Clinical and histopathological characteristics were compared between groups, and kidney outcomes were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: The mean baseline eGFR was 60.8 ± 26.3 mL/min/1.73 m2, and the median urinary protein excretion was 1.1 g/gCr. During a median follow-up of 2.3 years, 112 patients (22.3%) reached the composite kidney outcome. GSECs were identified in 18% of native kidney biopsy specimens containing evaluable medullary tissue, and were observed across a broad spectrum of kidney diseases. GSEC positivity was associated with older age and underlying pathological diagnoses but was not associated with baseline kidney function or proteinuria. Kaplan?Meier and multivariable Cox analyses revealed no significant association between GSECs and kidney prognosis. Conclusions: GSECs are not specific to kidney allografts and are observed in a subset of diverse native kidney diseases. Although associated with certain clinical characteristics, no independent association between GSECs and kidney outcomes was observed in this cohort. These findings suggest that GSECs may reflect disease-dependent biological responses to tubular epithelial stress, potentially related to metabolic or mitochondrial alterations, rather than a marker of progressive kidney injury. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchidaNaruhiko en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Naruhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanohHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Nakanoh en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraShinji en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaJun en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=granular swollen epithelial cells kn-keyword=granular swollen epithelial cells en-keyword=native kidney biopsy kn-keyword=native kidney biopsy en-keyword=kidney outcomes kn-keyword=kidney outcomes en-keyword=renal medulla kn-keyword=renal medulla en-keyword=mitochondria kn-keyword=mitochondria END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=112 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=102428 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adaptive oligodendrogenesis regulates blood-hypothalamus barrier permeability, hypothalamic glucose sensing and systemic glucose homeostasis in male mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objective: Brain glucose sensing is critical for survival during hypoglycaemia, yet how glucose-sensing neurons access circulating glucose concentrations to maintain glucose homeostasis remains poorly understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that adult oligodendrogenesis in the median eminence (ME) is responsive to changes in blood glucose levels and contributes to hypothalamic glucose sensing through regulation of the blood-hypothalamus barrier.
Methods: We used glycemic challenges and hypoinsulinaemic clamp studies to identify the effect of systemic changes in glycaemia on hypothalamic oligodendrocyte lineage cells. We used conditional knockout mouse models to dissect the respective contributions of adult oligodendrogenesis and new myelin formation to glucose homeostasis in adult male mice. Analyses combined immunofluorescence, serial electron microscopy, whole-brain tissue clearing, and transcriptomic analyses.
Results: We found that adult oligodendrogenesis in the median eminence (ME) is modulated by changes in circulating glucose levels and rapidly upregulated by hypoglycaemia. Genetic blockade of new oligodendrocyte production in adult male mice impairs the regulation of glucose homeostasis, the integrity of the ME blood-hypothalamus barrier, and hypothalamic glucose sensing. Unexpectedly, functional integrity of adult-formed myelin is not required for the maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Instead, we show that blockade of adult oligodendrogenesis disrupts hypothalamic expression of A disintegrin and metallopeptidase with thrombospondin motifs 4 (ADAMTS4), a metallopeptidase whose brain expression is restricted to the oligodendrocyte lineage and whose ME expression requires ongoing adult oligodendrogenesis. We show that ADAMTS4 regulates hypothalamic perineuronal net deposition, vascular permeability and glucose sensing. Finally, we show that ME ADAMTS4 expression is regulated by changes in peripheral glycaemia and is dysregulated in diabetes, providing a mechanism by which ME oligodendrocytes contribute to the regulation of glucose homeostasis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BullerSophie en-aut-sei=Buller en-aut-mei=Sophie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=StaricoffEmily O. en-aut-sei=Staricoff en-aut-mei=Emily O. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RichesChristine en-aut-sei=Riches en-aut-mei=Christine kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsangAnthony en-aut-sei=Tsang en-aut-mei=Anthony kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GiavaraGiada en-aut-sei=Giavara en-aut-mei=Giada kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=JosipovicMasa en-aut-sei=Josipovic en-aut-mei=Masa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkemuraKentaro en-aut-sei=Ikemura en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OpokuGabriel en-aut-sei=Opoku en-aut-mei=Gabriel kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoIkumi en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ikumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirohataSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hirohata en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=StenzelSaskia en-aut-sei=Stenzel en-aut-mei=Saskia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NayarStuart G. en-aut-sei=Nayar en-aut-mei=Stuart G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ramos VegaMarta en-aut-sei=Ramos Vega en-aut-mei=Marta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=Hecksher-S?rensenJacob en-aut-sei=Hecksher-S?rensen en-aut-mei=Jacob kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TimmlerSebastian en-aut-sei=Timmler en-aut-mei=Sebastian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=DowsettGeorgina K.C. en-aut-sei=Dowsett en-aut-mei=Georgina K.C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=LamBrian Y.H. en-aut-sei=Lam en-aut-mei=Brian Y.H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=YeoGiles S.H. en-aut-sei=Yeo en-aut-mei=Giles S.H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=AlongeKimberly M. en-aut-sei=Alonge en-aut-mei=Kimberly M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiHuiliang en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Huiliang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=RichardsonWilliam D. en-aut-sei=Richardson en-aut-mei=William D. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=EvansMark L. en-aut-sei=Evans en-aut-mei=Mark L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=BlouetClemence en-aut-sei=Blouet en-aut-mei=Clemence kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=GUBRA kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=GUBRA kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Diabetes Institute, University of Washington kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge kn-affil= en-keyword=Oligodendrogenesis kn-keyword=Oligodendrogenesis en-keyword=Median eminence kn-keyword=Median eminence en-keyword=Blood-hypothalamus barrier kn-keyword=Blood-hypothalamus barrier en-keyword=ADAMTS4 kn-keyword=ADAMTS4 en-keyword=Glucose sensing kn-keyword=Glucose sensing en-keyword=Hypoglycaemia kn-keyword=Hypoglycaemia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=e70502 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260420 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=UNC45B Reduction With Aging: A Myofiber-Intrinsic Promoting Factor for Sarcopenia en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Skeletal muscle mass and force decline with age, and the loss of muscle force precedes muscle atrophy. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of the myosin co-chaperone, uncoordinated mutant number-45 myosin chaperone B (UNC45B), in regulating muscle mass and force. UNC45B expression decreased in mouse gastrocnemius muscle with age, particularly at 24?months old, and adeno-associated virus vector-mediated knockdown of Unc45b in 3-month-old mouse triceps surae muscle first reduced plantar flexor torque and then decreased gastrocnemius muscle mass. In addition, Unc45b knockdown in the triceps surae muscle resulted in lower bone mineral density. While maximum Ca2+-activated force in mechanically skinned fibers was not affected by Unc45b knockdown, Unc45b knockdown decreased the ratio of depolarization-induced force to the maximum Ca2+-activated force. We established tamoxifen-inducible skeletal muscle-specific Unc45b knockout (Unc45b imKO) mice to investigate whether the muscle atrophy and weakness due to the loss of Unc45b impacts metabolism and behavior. We found that Unc45b imKO reduced muscle mass and force at a whole-body level, but did not influence systemic glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, or the respiratory exchange ratio. However, Unc45b imKO mice reduced the amount of deeper non-rapid eye movement sleep, locomotor activity, and body temperature during the sleep phase. We conclude that UNC45B is essential for maintaining fast-twitch muscle mass and muscle force. In addition, Unc45b deficiency-mediated muscle loss is also associated with bone fragility, decreased body temperature, and impaired sleep quality. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MishimaTaiga en-aut-sei=Mishima en-aut-mei=Taiga kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagamuneTaiga en-aut-sei=Nagamune en-aut-mei=Taiga kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaSaori en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Saori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeDaiki en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokudaNao en-aut-sei=Tokuda en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaTakashi en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Hashimoto‐HachiyaAkiko en-aut-sei=Hashimoto‐Hachiya en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=Higo‐YamamotoSayaka en-aut-sei=Higo‐Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KidoKohei en-aut-sei=Kido en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaokaNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Nagaoka en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedoAoi en-aut-sei=Ikedo en-aut-mei=Aoi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiYuuki en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Yuuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaRyo en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizunoSeiya en-aut-sei=Mizuno en-aut-mei=Seiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiSatoru en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=OishiKatsutaka en-aut-sei=Oishi en-aut-mei=Katsutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtoSatoru en-aut-sei=Ato en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgasawaraRiki en-aut-sei=Ogasawara en-aut-mei=Riki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Sport and Health Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Dental School, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo‐Science Center, PIAS, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo‐Science Center, PIAS, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Regenerative Medicine, Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Laboratory Animal Resource Center in Transborder Medical Research Center, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Faculty of Medical Science, Nippon Sport Science University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) kn-affil= en-keyword=chaperone kn-keyword=chaperone en-keyword=muscle atrophy kn-keyword=muscle atrophy en-keyword=muscle force kn-keyword=muscle force en-keyword=sarcopenia kn-keyword=sarcopenia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=1890 end-page=1900 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260616 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Event-free survival and recurrence patterns after curative resection for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: single-institution real-world outcomes prior to the introduction of perioperative immunotherapy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Perioperative immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved outcomes for resectable locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, real-world surgical outcome data based on contemporary endpoints remain limited.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 233 patients who underwent curative-intent surgery for locally advanced HNSCC. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Unresectable recurrence-free survival (URFS) was explored as an additional endpoint to capture post-recurrence treatment feasibility. Prognostic factors were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models.
Results The median follow-up duration was 18.2 months. The 1-year EFS and OS rates were 67.1% and 89.4%, respectively. pN2 or higher disease, venous invasion, and perineural invasion were identified as independent adverse prognostic factors. Recurrence occurred in 34.8% of patients; among these, disease control at the last follow-up was achieved in 61.7% following curative-intent salvage treatment. Salvage surgery was associated with significantly improved post-recurrence survival (p? Conclusions This study provides real-world surgical outcome data for resectable locally advanced HNSCC prior to the introduction of perioperative immunotherapy. Recurrence remains a major clinical challenge, with heterogeneous post-recurrence outcomes influenced by treatment feasibility. These findings may help inform interpretation of treatment outcomes and clinical decision-making in the evolving era of perioperative immunotherapy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MakinoTakuma en-aut-sei=Makino en-aut-mei=Takuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaoiYuto en-aut-sei=Naoi en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaGo en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamasakiTakuto en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Takuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NodaHiroki en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoShohei en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoJunya en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMizuo en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Mizuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma kn-keyword=Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma en-keyword=Surgery kn-keyword=Surgery en-keyword=Event-free survival kn-keyword=Event-free survival en-keyword=Recurrence kn-keyword=Recurrence en-keyword=Salvage surgery kn-keyword=Salvage surgery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=26 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Antioxidant Activity of α-Tocopherol Metabolites in Comparison with the Parent Compound in Hepatocytes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=α-Tocopherol (αT) is the major form of vitamin E. Although it is metabolized in the liver when high levels of αT are present, the function of its metabolites has not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the αT metabolites, α-carboxyethyl hydroxychroman (αCEHC) and α-carboxymethylbutyl hydroxychroman (αCMBHC), in comparison with their parent compound. The pretreatment with αT and its metabolites showed a cytoprotective effect on the cytotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide in the mouse hepatoma Hepa1c1c7 cells. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the effect, in vitro assays and assessments of antioxidant-related genes and proteins were conducted. The in vitro assays showed that these compounds showed little scavenging activity against hydrogen peroxide but exhibited scavenging activity against DPPH radicals. On the other hand, assessments of antioxidant-related genes and proteins showed that αT and its metabolites significantly upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) possibly through activation of the transcript factor Nrf2. Moreover, the cytoprotective effects of αT and its metabolites against hydrogen peroxide were counteracted by HO-1 inhibitors. These results suggest that not only αT but also its metabolites are potential cytoprotective factors against oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity, and that their effects are exerted not through a direct action of scavenging hydrogen peroxide in the body, but rather through the regulation of gene expression. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishioTomoka en-aut-sei=Nishio en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmakoKasumi en-aut-sei=Amako en-aut-mei=Kasumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriyaDaiki en-aut-sei=Moriya en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunemasaShintaro en-aut-sei=Munemasa en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraYoshimasa en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=α-tocopherol kn-keyword=α-tocopherol en-keyword=α-carboxyethyl hydroxychroman kn-keyword=α-carboxyethyl hydroxychroman en-keyword=α-carboxymethylbutyl hydroxychroman kn-keyword=α-carboxymethylbutyl hydroxychroman en-keyword=metabolite kn-keyword=metabolite en-keyword=antioxidant activity kn-keyword=antioxidant activity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=1178 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260123 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Chloride-Transporting OsHKT1;1 Splice Variants and Their Expression Profiles Under Salinity Stress in Rice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OsHKT1;1, a member of the high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) family, plays a key role in Na+ homeostasis and salinity tolerance in rice. In our previous study, multiple potential OsHKT1;1 splicing variants were identified, as well as the full-length (FL) OsHKT1;1 transcript from the salt-tolerant rice Pokkali. However, most previous studies focused solely on the full-length protein, leaving the transport functions of splice variants largely unexamined. In this study, we focused on the splice variant OsHKT1;1-V2 and compared its function and gene expression with those of OsHKT1;1-FL. Two-electrode voltage clamp experiments using Xenopus laevis oocytes revealed that the 1st start codon of OsHKT1;1-V2 is functional to exhibit bidirectional currents in bath solutions containing NaCl. Unlike the Na+-selective feature of OsHKT1;1-FL, OsHKT1;1-V2 primarily mediated Cl? transport with weak Na+ selectivity, which was supported by the higher Cl? accumulation in OsHKT1;1-V2?expressing oocytes. Subcellular localization analyses using oocytes and Arabidopsis mesophyll cells indicated plasma membrane localization of OsHKT1;1-V2, similar to OsHKT1;1-FL. Functional assays using a yeast mutant further indicated that OsHKT1;1-FL, but not OsHKT1;1-V2, mediates Na+ uptake. The same OsHKT1;1 variants were identified in the japonica cultivar Nipponbare, and OsHKT1;1-V2 of the cultivar showed Cl? transport properties similar to the one from Pokkali. Quantitative PCR analyses revealed higher abundance of OsHKT1;1-FL transcripts in Nipponbare than in Pokkali with markedly lower OsHKT1;1-V2 levels in Pokkali under salt stress. This study provides a new insight into HKT-mediated ion homeostasis under salinity stress. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImranShahin en-aut-sei=Imran en-aut-mei=Shahin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoShuntaro en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Shuntaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieRie en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsuharaMaki en-aut-sei=Katsuhara en-aut-mei=Maki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieTomoaki en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Okayama, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University kn-affil= en-keyword=heterologous expression systems kn-keyword=heterologous expression systems en-keyword=Na+ selectivity kn-keyword=Na+ selectivity en-keyword=Cl? selectivity kn-keyword=Cl? selectivity en-keyword=rice kn-keyword=rice END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e70101 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260826 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Critical role of cellular communication network factor 1 in early osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells primed by low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound and bone morphogenetic protein 2 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There is a known reciprocal inhibitory relationship between adipogenesis and osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Our previous study showed that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) did not promote osteogenesis of a murine MSC line C3H10T1/2, although LIPUS treatment suppressed adipogenesis. Therefore, we investigated the effect of a combination of an osteoinductive factor such as bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) and LIPUS treatment on osteogenesis. This combination significantly upregulated the gene expressions of BMP receptors and RUNX2, which is a key early osteogenic transcription factor. Interestingly, cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) was significantly increased at the mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, Runx2 expression was increased by a recombinant CCN1 protein and decreased in CRISPR-Cas9-generated Ccn1 knockout (KO) cells treated with the combination of LIPUS treatment and BMP-2. Moreover, Runx2 expression was recovered through the transfection of a Ccn1 expression plasmid into Ccn1 KO cells. These findings indicate that treatment with the combination of LIPUS treatment and BMP-2 promoted CCN1 production, and the CCN1 regulates the Runx2 expression in C3H10T1/2 cells, thus suggesting that CCN1 induced by mechanical stimulation and an osteoinductive factor plays a pivotal role in osteogenesis of MSCs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PaingHsu Myat en-aut-sei=Paing en-aut-mei=Hsu Myat kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakigawaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Takigawa en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaTakashi en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=BMP‐2 kn-keyword=BMP‐2 en-keyword=CCN1 kn-keyword=CCN1 en-keyword=low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) kn-keyword=low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) en-keyword=mesenchymal stem cells kn-keyword=mesenchymal stem cells en-keyword=osteogenic differentiation kn-keyword=osteogenic differentiation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=e70089 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Species‐specific roles of cellular communication network proteins in cartilage development: A comparative study using in vitro chondrogenic models en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Cellular communication network (CCN) proteins are key matricellular regulators of cartilage development, yet their species-specific roles and network-level context remain unclear. This study integrated bulk RNA sequencing from chicken and mouse embryonic limb bud micromass cultures and human mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis with co-expression, protein?protein interaction, and ortholog analyses to construct CCN-centered regulatory networks across models. CCN1 and CCN2 emerged as dominant, conserved hubs enriched in collagen-containing extracellular matrix, cartilage development, and growth factor signaling modules, whereas CCN3?CCN6 showed lower context-dependent expression and connectivity. Functional and ortholog analyses revealed moderate pathway conservation, with high conservation of IGF, EGFR, and HIF-1 signaling, but reduced overlap in hypoxia and mechanosensing/Hippo categories, indicating species-specific tuning of environmental sensing. A focused ortholog screen identified multifunctional conserved hubs, including COL2A1, TGFBR1, SMAD3, RUNX2, HIF1A, IGF1, SPP1, and CD44. Single-cell RNA-seq meta-analysis of human iPSC-derived chondrogenesis and embryonic limb datasets showed CCN1/2 expression and homologous network activity peaking in mesenchymal and early chondrocyte populations, consistent with model-dependent persistence into hypertrophic and ossification stages in vivo. Overall, this work defines a conserved CCN1/2-centered axis integrating extracellular matrix formation with growth factor and mechanical cues, providing a framework for model selection and CCN-targeted cartilage regeneration strategies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangZhangzheng en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Zhangzheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=V?g?Judit en-aut-sei=V?g? en-aut-mei=Judit kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Tak?csRoland en-aut-sei=Tak?cs en-aut-mei=Roland kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=P?liskaSzil?rd en-aut-sei=P?liska en-aut-mei=Szil?rd kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimEe Hyun en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=Ee Hyun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=JinEun‐Jung en-aut-sei=Jin en-aut-mei=Eun‐Jung kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KleerCelina G en-aut-sei=Kleer en-aut-mei=Celina G kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=PerbalBernard en-aut-sei=Perbal en-aut-mei=Bernard kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MattaCsaba en-aut-sei=Matta en-aut-mei=Csaba kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Genomic Medicine and Bioinformatics Core Facility Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Biomedical Materials Science Graduate School of JABA, Wonkwang University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Biomedical Materials Science Graduate School of JABA, Wonkwang University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=International CCN Society kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen kn-affil= en-keyword=cartilage regeneration kn-keyword=cartilage regeneration en-keyword=CCN kn-keyword=CCN en-keyword=chondrogenesis kn-keyword=chondrogenesis en-keyword=osteoarthritis kn-keyword=osteoarthritis en-keyword=regulatory network kn-keyword=regulatory network en-keyword=transcriptomics kn-keyword=transcriptomics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=141 end-page=149 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Organ-specific modulation of antioxidant functions by combined voluntary exercise and radon inhalation in mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Radon inhalation as well as voluntary exercise increase anti?oxidant function in experimental animals. However, the combined effects of radon inhalation and exercise on antioxidant functions have not yet been investigated. In this study, we examined the effects of combined voluntary wheel running (VWR) and radon inhalation on antioxidant functions in various organs of mice. Mice were individually housed in cages equipped with running wheels, and allowed voluntary exercise for 5, 15, or 25 days, followed by radon inhalation at 2,000 Bq/m3 for 24???h. Antioxidant function was enhanced by the combined treatment in the kidneys, pancreas, spleen, and stomach, with responses varying according to exercise duration. In contrast, antioxidant function was reduced in the lungs and heart. No clear interaction effects of the combined treatment were observed in the liver, small intestine, colon, and brain. These findings suggest that the combined effects of voluntary exercise and radon inhalation on antioxidant functions are organ-specific and can be categorized into distinct response patterns across tissues. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakenakaReiju en-aut-sei=Takenaka en-aut-mei=Reiju kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaAyumi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyanagaShogo en-aut-sei=Miyanaga en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaoeShota en-aut-sei=Naoe en-aut-mei=Shota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoShuna en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Shuna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoMitsuki en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Mitsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanoKotaro en-aut-sei=Tano en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanzakiNorie en-aut-sei=Kanzaki en-aut-mei=Norie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakodaAkihiro en-aut-sei=Sakoda en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaokaKiyonori en-aut-sei=Yamaoka en-aut-mei=Kiyonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=radon kn-keyword=radon en-keyword=voluntary wheel running kn-keyword=voluntary wheel running en-keyword=antioxidant function kn-keyword=antioxidant function en-keyword=oxidative stress kn-keyword=oxidative stress END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=44 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260511 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=GWAS and Candidate Gene Prediction of Elemental Accumulation Traits in Rice Using a Multiparental Population en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rice plants accumulate essential elements to sustain physiological processes during growth and development and to ensure the nutritional quality of the grain as a food source. However, the genetic basis of elemental accumulation and the interrelationships among elemental concentrations across different tissues remain poorly understood. To conduct breeding aimed at improving the absorption characteristics of multiple interrelated elements, genetic analysis using experimental populations that retain diversity while sharing the genetic background of cultivated varieties is effective. Here we show genetic variations in the concentrations of 13 elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Ni, and Zn) in rice straw at the flowering stage and grain at the mature stage using a multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population that derived from eight cultivars including both Japonica and Indica. Comprehensive evaluation of the correlation coefficients revealed divergences in the association between grain and straw for several combinations of elements. Haplotype-based genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified 51 and 53 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in straw and grain, respectively. In total, the 104 QTLs were grouped into 19 clusters and 60 independent QTLs. By leveraging the haplotype information from the MAGIC population, 52 candidate genes associated with the accumulation of Ca, Mg, Cd, Cu, Fe, and Mo were efficiently predicted from these QTLs, including both previously reported and novel genes. Among them, OsMOT1;1 encoding a molybdenum transporter, was predicted to be within a QTL associated with Mo accumulation in grain on chromosome 8. OsACA9, a homolog of autoinhibited Ca??-ATPases, was predicted within a QTL related to Ca accumulation in straw on chromosome 2. In addition, an unidentified gene, OsCML6, which is presumed to be involved in calcium signaling, was predicted to be a candidate for a Ca-accumulation QTL on chromosome 11. These findings offer insights into haplotypes and putative genes associated with element accumulation and trait interrelationships, providing valuable information for optimizing plant growth and enhancing grain nutritional quality in rice breeding programs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhangQian en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Qian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurutaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Furuta en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KashiharaKazunari en-aut-sei=Kashihara en-aut-mei=Kazunari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonemaruJunichi en-aut-sei=Yonemaru en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaJian Feng en-aut-sei=Ma en-aut-mei=Jian Feng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoToshio en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Center for Agricultural Information Technology, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Rice kn-keyword=Rice en-keyword=Oryza sativa L. kn-keyword=Oryza sativa L. en-keyword=Multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross population kn-keyword=Multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross population en-keyword=Element accumulation kn-keyword=Element accumulation en-keyword=GWAS kn-keyword=GWAS en-keyword=QTL kn-keyword=QTL END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=137 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=103183 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Activation phosphorylation and dephosphorylation dynamics of Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Iα in HeLa cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Ca??/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I (CaMKI), a multifunctional CaM-activated protein kinase, is involved in various Ca?? signaling pathways including neuronal development. Here, we characterize the phosphorylation at Thr177 (an activation Thr residue) and subsequent dephosphorylation dynamics of CaMKIα in HeLa cells upon physiological stimulation that elevates intracellular Ca??. ATP induced CaMKIα phosphorylation within 5?10 min; phosphorylation was then blocked by CaMKK inhibitor TIM-063, or by the depletion of extracellular Ca??. This was followed by gradual dephosphorylation to basal levels within 30?60 min. Histamine induced CaMKIα phosphorylation, peaking within 3?4 min; this process was abolished by treatment with either TIM-063 or intracellular Ca?? chelation using BAPTA-AM and thapsigargin; however, not by extracellular Ca?? depletion. CaMKIα was then rapidly dephosphorylated to basal levels within 10 min. Consistently, histamine-induced (but not ATP-induced) CaMKIα phosphorylation was absent in triple IP? receptor-knockout HeLa cells. Dephosphorylation of CaMKIα after ATP-induced phosphorylation was unaffected by okadaic acid or CaMK phosphatase (CaMKP, known as PPM1F) inhibitors (ANS and ANDS). We found that HeLa cell extracts contained Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent CaMKIα dephosphorylation activity that was insensitive to ANS and ANDS. Furthermore, co-expression of PP2Cα fully abolished ATP-, histamine-, or ionomycin-stimulated CaMKIα phosphorylation, which is consistent with in vitro dephosphorylation of CaMKIα at Thr177 by recombinant PP2Cα. Taken together, these results reveal that agonist-induced Ca?? influx from the extracellular space or release from intracellular stores transiently activates CaMKK-CaMKIα signaling in HeLa cells, which is shut off by dephosphorylation catalyzed by PP2Cα as a promising candidate for CaMKIα phosphatase. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChenYerun en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Yerun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikiMasao en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MagariMasaki en-aut-sei=Magari en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukaSatomi en-aut-sei=Ohtsuka en-aut-mei=Satomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=EtoMasumi en-aut-sei=Eto en-aut-mei=Masumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaAtsuhiko en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Atsuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuizuFutoshi en-aut-sei=Suizu en-aut-mei=Futoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizutaniAkihiro en-aut-sei=Mizutani en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoHideaki en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikoshibaKatsuhiko en-aut-sei=Mikoshiba en-aut-mei=Katsuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumitsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Tokumitsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Okayama University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Laboratory of Molecular Brain Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Clinical Examination Department, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Showa Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Applied Cell Biology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=CaMKIα kn-keyword=CaMKIα en-keyword=CaMKK kn-keyword=CaMKK en-keyword=PP2Cα kn-keyword=PP2Cα en-keyword=Phosphorylation kn-keyword=Phosphorylation en-keyword=Dephosphorylation kn-keyword=Dephosphorylation en-keyword=Ca2+-signaling kn-keyword=Ca2+-signaling END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=e0086926 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Combinations of long terminal repeat and tax protein substitutions influence bovine leukemia virus transmission through altered viral productivity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection imposes a substantial economic burden on the global cattle industry. Although proviral load (PVL) in blood influences transmission, the effects of viral genetic variations, including the high viral production-associated long terminal repeat (LTR) substitution at nucleotide position 175 (LTR175), on herd-level dynamics remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of specific substitutions on the regulation of viral productivity and transmission. Longitudinal monitoring of a single farm (herd size: 50?68 cows; 438 samples collected) over a 7-year period revealed that viral strains carrying cytosine at LTR175 (LTR175C) significantly increased in frequency, becoming dominant over wild-type strains carrying thymidine. In contrast, amino acid substitutions in the Tax protein at positions 69 (Tax69) and 73 (Tax73) modified viral transactivation independent of LTR175. Structural modeling via AlphaFold2 predicted that Tax69 and Tax73 mutations alter protein properties, suggesting modulation of transactivation activity. Consistent with this prediction, in vitro assays confirmed that the substitutions modified viral production by regulating transactivation independent of LTR175. Moreover, high viral-productivity haplotypes containing LTR175C and Tax73Q (glutamine at amino acid residue 73) exhibited a transmission advantage within the herd, even when host PVL levels were not significantly elevated. These findings suggest that cellular-level viral productivity is one of the key determinants of transmission fitness. Overall, this study revealed a regulatory interaction between the LTR and Tax protein that optimizes viral spread and highlights the need for control strategies that account for viral genetic substitutions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiHironobu en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoReiichiro en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Reiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchiyamaJumpei en-aut-sei=Uchiyama en-aut-mei=Jumpei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SogawaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Sogawa en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaHiroho en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Hiroho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nagai en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=School of Life and EnvironmentaScience, Azabu University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University kn-affil= en-keyword=bovine leukemia virus kn-keyword=bovine leukemia virus en-keyword=substitution kn-keyword=substitution en-keyword=transmission kn-keyword=transmission en-keyword=haplotype kn-keyword=haplotype en-keyword=molecular clone kn-keyword=molecular clone en-keyword=proviral load kn-keyword=proviral load en-keyword=reverse genetics kn-keyword=reverse genetics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=139 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=255 end-page=265 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Knockout of a single aquaporin, OsPIP2;4, decreases root water permeability in rice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aquaporins (AQPs) are membrane proteins that facilitate water transport and are present in nearly all bacterial, animal, and plant cells. In plants, AQPs are classified into four or more subfamilies, with plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) playing a key role in root water uptake and cellular water regulation. Previous studies have demonstrated that PIPs contribute to root hydraulic conductivity (Lpr) in various plant species. In this study, we examined the specific role of OsPIP2;4, one of the PIP-type aquaporins among 11 rice (Oryza sativa) PIP2s, in regulating Lpr. Transgenic rice plants, including OsPIP2;4-knockout (KO) and overexpressing (Ox) lines, were used for this investigation. Two independent KO lines, generated via the CRISPR-Cas9 system and T-DNA insertion mutagenesis, respectively, showed significantly lower Lpr compared to wild-type rice plants. The decrease in Lpr in the T-DNA KO line was associated with reduced OsPIP2;4 transcript levels, measured by real-time PCR, and lower OsPIP2;4 protein levels, as shown by immunohistochemical analysis. Conversely, no notable increase in Lpr was observed in the Ox lines. These results suggest that OsPIP2;4 is expressed in appropriate tissues in rice roots and is a key factor influencing Lpr. This research represents a significant step toward further understanding the physiological functions of OsPIP2;4 in rice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OnishiAya en-aut-sei=Onishi en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieTomoaki en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshitsukaRyo en-aut-sei=Ishitsuka en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasanoShizuka en-aut-sei=Sasano en-aut-mei=Shizuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieRie en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitoYunosuke en-aut-sei=Mito en-aut-mei=Yunosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UtsugiShigeko en-aut-sei=Utsugi en-aut-mei=Shigeko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaJunko en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MahdiehMajid en-aut-sei=Mahdieh en-aut-mei=Majid kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsuharaMaki en-aut-sei=Katsuhara en-aut-mei=Maki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Institute of Crop Science, NARO kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=PIP aquaporin kn-keyword=PIP aquaporin en-keyword=Rice kn-keyword=Rice en-keyword=Root hydraulic conductivity kn-keyword=Root hydraulic conductivity en-keyword=Root pressure chamber kn-keyword=Root pressure chamber END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=奥付 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=293 end-page=293 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=本号執筆者紹介 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=52 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Proof of Causaution in Asbestos Damage ? : Focused on The Construction Asbestos Benefit System （a Self-employed Person）. kn-title=アスベスト被害をめぐる因果関係の主張立証の壁? ―建設アスベスト給付金制度（１人親方等）の問題を中心に― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsujiH. en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name=辻博明 kn-aut-sei=辻 kn-aut-mei=博明 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学名誉教授 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=292 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Implementation status of the Child Abuse Prevention Law of 1933 kn-title=昭和８年児童虐待防止法の実施状況 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OizumiY. en-aut-sei=Oizumi en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name=大泉陽輔 kn-aut-sei=大泉 kn-aut-mei=陽輔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院社会文化科学学域 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Jan-Werner Mu?ller on cold war liberalism: moderate sensibility or “a fighting faith”? kn-title=ヤン＝ヴェルナー・ミュラーの冷戦リベラリズム論 ―節度ある感受性から戦闘的信念へ― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdagawaD. en-aut-sei=Odagawa en-aut-mei=D. kn-aut-name=小田川大典 kn-aut-sei=小田川 kn-aut-mei=大典 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院社会文化科学学域 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=146 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=864 end-page=876 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Optimization of Smart Grid Operation Considering Diverse Electricity Consumption Patterns kn-title=多様な電力消費形態を考慮したスマートグリッド運用の最適化 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　This study examines an optimal operation model for a smart grid composed of multiple microgrids to promote renewable energy use in Japan. In Japan, about 70% of electricity is still supplied by fossil fuel power, while renewables account for only 18% despite a 36?38% target for 2030. Using demand and photovoltaic data from Setagaya Ward, we construct a system model with factory/office and residential microgrids and formulate a mathematical optimization model that considers power interchange, batteries and heat storage. Numerical experiments based on several case studies show the effectiveness of smart grid operation designed according to the proposed model in promoting renewable energy utilization and reducing total generation cost. In particular, the results show that increasing photovoltaic capacity, increasing the number of microgrids, and considering heat demand are all effective measures. However, these benefits depend on the season. Future work should extend the system model to account for seasonal variability and associated investment costs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawamotoTakaki en-aut-sei=Kawamoto en-aut-mei=Takaki kn-aut-name=川本卓樹 kn-aut-sei=川本 kn-aut-mei=卓樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TodaYuriko en-aut-sei=Toda en-aut-mei=Yuriko kn-aut-name=戸田悠莉子 kn-aut-sei=戸田 kn-aut-mei=悠莉子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasuikeTakashi en-aut-sei=Hasuike en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=蓮池隆 kn-aut-sei=蓮池 kn-aut-mei=隆 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院環境生命自然科学学域 affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University kn-affil=早稲田大学大学院創造理工学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University kn-affil=早稲田大学大学院創造理工学研究科 en-keyword=スマートグリッド (smart grid) kn-keyword=スマートグリッド (smart grid) en-keyword=マイクログリッド (microgrid) kn-keyword=マイクログリッド (microgrid) en-keyword=再生可能エネルギー (renewable energy) kn-keyword=再生可能エネルギー (renewable energy) en-keyword=電力融通 (power interchange) kn-keyword=電力融通 (power interchange) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=奥付 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=161 end-page=169 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Actual Perceptions of Cartwheel in Mat Exercises: A Study and Analysis Based on Naive Concepts kn-title=マット運動の側方倒立回転に関する認識の実態 ― 素朴概念に基づく調査と考察 ― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本研究の目的は，小学校体育科，および中学校・高等学校保健体育科の器械運動領域で取り扱われる「側方倒立回転」に関する認識の実態を素朴概念に基づく調査を通して明らかにすることであった。素朴概念とは学習者が日常生活において経験的に獲得した知識，もしくは学校の授業等で学習する科学的概念とは必ずしも一致しない知識を指し示す用語である。本研究にて側方倒立回転という技を取り上げた理由とは，運動の形態上4パターンの実施方法が存在しているにも関わらず，合理的，かつ行い易い実施方法はそのうちの2パターンに限定されるという特殊性にある。本研究では側方倒立回転に対する素朴概念を明らかにするために，その認識を問うためのアンケート調査を実施した。調査期間は2023年6月7月，調査対象はA大学小学校教員養成課程に在籍する学生140名であった。調査の結果140名中35名，割合にすると32.1％が誤った知識を素朴概念として保有していたということが明らかとなった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIToru en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=橋徹 kn-aut-sei=橋 kn-aut-mei=徹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SAKAMOTOKousuke en-aut-sei=SAKAMOTO en-aut-mei=Kousuke kn-aut-name=坂本康輔 kn-aut-sei=坂本 kn-aut-mei=康輔 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HIRONOKen en-aut-sei=HIRONO en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name=広野健 kn-aut-sei=広野 kn-aut-mei=健 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=2 en-affil=International Pacific University kn-affil=環太平洋大学 affil-num=3 en-affil=UCHIDA YOKO CO., LTD. kn-affil=株式会社内田洋行 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=147 end-page=159 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Community-Based Collaborative Project Toward an Inclusive Society Through Dance: A Case Study of Inclusive Dance Practice at the Okayama Uraja Festival kn-title=ダンスを通じた共生社会の実現に向けた地域協働プロジェクト ― 岡山うらじゃ祭りにおけるインクルーシブダンス実践 ― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　障がい者の文化芸術活動では，障がい者が創造や発信に主体的に関わることが重視されている。しかし，その一形態であるインクルーシブダンスを地域社会に開かれた文化活動へと展開する事例の分析は十分ではない。そこで本稿では，岡山県の「うらじゃ」祭りにおいて発足したインクルーシブ踊り連「一期一会?輪舞温羅」を対象に，インクルーシブうらじゃダンスの開発および実践過程を整理した。活動記録，映像記録，活動資料をもとに分析した結果，表現内容や実施方法，演舞環境が，参加者の心身の特性を踏まえて段階的に調整されていたことが明らかとなった。また，参加者の主観的運動強度は主に「楽」から「ややきつい」の範囲に分布し，活動満足度も高い傾向を示した。以上より，本プロジェクトは，地域文化を基盤としたインクルーシブな身体表現活動に関する基礎的知見を提供するものであると考えられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YOSHIMURARisako en-aut-sei=YOSHIMURA en-aut-mei=Risako kn-aut-name=吉村利佐子 kn-aut-sei=吉村 kn-aut-mei=利佐子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ODAAito en-aut-sei=ODA en-aut-mei=Aito kn-aut-name=小田愛斗 kn-aut-sei=小田 kn-aut-mei=愛斗 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=CHIUWing In en-aut-sei=CHIU en-aut-mei=Wing In kn-aut-name=趙頴妍 kn-aut-sei=趙 kn-aut-mei=頴妍 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TANIGAWASayaka en-aut-sei=TANIGAWA en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name=谷川沙也歌 kn-aut-sei=谷川 kn-aut-mei=沙也歌 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SAKOHaruko en-aut-sei=SAKO en-aut-mei=Haruko kn-aut-name=酒向治子 kn-aut-sei=酒向 kn-aut-mei=治子 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=The Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education, Hyogo University of Teacher Education kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Resorttrust, Inc. kn-affil=リゾートトラスト株式会社 affil-num=3 en-affil=The Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education, Hyogo University of Teacher Education kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科 affil-num=4 en-affil=The Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education, Hyogo University of Teacher Education kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科 affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 en-keyword=インクルーシブダンス kn-keyword=インクルーシブダンス en-keyword=うらじゃ kn-keyword=うらじゃ en-keyword=障がい者 kn-keyword=障がい者 en-keyword=ダンス kn-keyword=ダンス en-keyword=身体表現 kn-keyword=身体表現 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=137 end-page=146 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Deepening Students' Subject View Through Compulsory Subjects in Elementary Home Economics at the Faculty of Education, Okayama University: Based on the Results of the 2024-2025 Survey kn-title=岡山大学教育学部初等家庭科必修科目を通した学生の教科観の深化 ―2024-2025年度のアンケート調査の結果から― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本研究では，岡山大学教育学部新カリキュラムにおける，初等家庭科の必修科目「内容構成基礎」，「指導法基礎」，「指導法T」の3科目を通して，履修学生の家庭科に対する教科観（イメージや考え方）がどのように変化したのかを，アンケート調査を用いて明らかにすることを目的とした。「指導する立場から小学校家庭科を学修して，家庭科のイメージや考え方が変化した」に対する5件法の回答では，「あてはまる」，「ややあてはまる」を合わせた肯定的な回答の割合は，「内容構成基礎」90.1%，「指導法基礎」88.5%，「指導法T」95.0%と，「指導法基礎」でやや下がったものの，「指導法T」で最も高い割合を示した。自由記述のテキスト分析では，必修科目の学修を通した学生の教科観は，「教科の学習内容の理解」→「教科理念の理解」→「教科指導の理解」の段階を踏むことにより，徐々に深化したと推察された。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MORIChiharu en-aut-sei=MORI en-aut-mei=Chiharu kn-aut-name=森千晴 kn-aut-sei=森 kn-aut-mei=千晴 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HISANARIMiyuki en-aut-sei=HISANARI en-aut-mei=Miyuki kn-aut-name=久成三有紀 kn-aut-sei=久成 kn-aut-mei=三有紀 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SHINOHARAYoko en-aut-sei=SHINOHARA en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name=篠原陽子 kn-aut-sei=篠原 kn-aut-mei=陽子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LEEKyoungwon en-aut-sei=LEE en-aut-mei=Kyoungwon kn-aut-name=李m媛 kn-aut-sei=李 kn-aut-mei=m媛 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 en-keyword=初等家庭科 kn-keyword=初等家庭科 en-keyword=教員養成 kn-keyword=教員養成 en-keyword=教科観 kn-keyword=教科観 en-keyword=教科内容 kn-keyword=教科内容 en-keyword=教科教育 kn-keyword=教科教育 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=125 end-page=135 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Basic Research on Teacher Learning through "Art Education Where Creativity Encounters Society" III: A Case Study Based on Lesson Records and Follow-Up Interviews with a Middle School Art Teacher kn-title=「創造性が社会と出会う美術教育」による教員の学びに関する基礎研究V ― 中学校美術科教員の授業記録と追跡インタビューに基づく事例研究― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本論は，学校外の他者との対話経験が，中学校美術科教員の授業実践においてどのように意味づけられていたのかを明らかにすることを目的とする。市井プロジェクトに参加した教諭Bを対象に，市井インタビュー後に実施された表現活動の授業記録と，授業実践後の追跡インタビューを照合した。その結果，教諭Bは，学校外の他者との対話経験を，授業方法の直接的な変更としてではなく，授業中の判断，生徒理解，題材・表現理解，生活実践との関係において意味づけていたことが確認された。特に，生徒の行動や表現を統制する見方から，その背景や生成過程を見取る見方への移行があった可能性が高い。以上のことから，本論により教師の学びを学校内の研修や同僚性に限定せず学校外の生活世界との関係から捉える意義が示唆された。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MATSUURAAi en-aut-sei=MATSUURA en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name=松浦藍 kn-aut-sei=松浦 kn-aut-mei=藍 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SENOOYusuke en-aut-sei=SENOO en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name=妹尾佑介 kn-aut-sei=妹尾 kn-aut-mei=佑介 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KIMURAHitoshi en-aut-sei=KIMURA en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=木村仁 kn-aut-sei=木村 kn-aut-mei=仁 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TAKEDASoichiro en-aut-sei=TAKEDA en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name=武田聡一郎 kn-aut-sei=武田 kn-aut-mei=聡一郎 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SONChande en-aut-sei=SON en-aut-mei=Chande kn-aut-name=宣昌大 kn-aut-sei=宣 kn-aut-mei=昌大 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KIYOTATetsuo en-aut-sei=KIYOTA en-aut-mei=Tetsuo kn-aut-name=清田哲男 kn-aut-sei=清田 kn-aut-mei=哲男 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama Prefectural Tamashima High School kn-affil=岡山県立玉島高等学校 affil-num=3 en-affil=Shiga University Faculty of Education Elementary School kn-affil=滋賀大学教育学部附属小学校 affil-num=4 en-affil=Okayama University Junior High School kn-affil=岡山大学附属中学校 affil-num=5 en-affil=Osaka Kyoiku University Tennoji Junior High School kn-affil=大阪教育大学附属天王寺中学校 affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 en-keyword=美術教育 kn-keyword=美術教育 en-keyword=創造性 kn-keyword=創造性 en-keyword=研修 kn-keyword=研修 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=109 end-page=124 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Population Migration Trends in a Regional Hub City in the Chugoku Region: A Case Study of Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture kn-title=中国地方広域中心都市における人口移動の動向 ―岡山県岡山市の事例― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本稿の目的は，2006年から2025年までの岡山市における人口移動を分析し，その動向を明らかにすることである。21世紀に入って以降，岡山市では中心市街地の再開発や分譲マンション供給の拡大により，都心回帰が進展してきた。また，リーマンショックや東日本大震災，新型コロナウイルス感染症の拡大といった出来事も，人口移動に一定の影響を及ぼしたと考えられる。しかし，こうした外部要因にもかかわらず，人口移動の基本的な趨勢に大きな変化はみられなかった。すなわち，岡山市は県内の大部分の圏域および県外の周辺地域から人口を吸収する一方で，三大都市圏を含む関東・近畿・中部地方へ人口を送り出している。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NOBEMasao en-aut-sei=NOBE en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=野邊政雄 kn-aut-sei=野邊 kn-aut-mei=政雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学名誉教授 en-keyword=政令指定都市 kn-keyword=政令指定都市 en-keyword=人口動態 kn-keyword=人口動態 en-keyword=自然増減 kn-keyword=自然増減 en-keyword=社会増減 kn-keyword=社会増減 en-keyword=人口移動 kn-keyword=人口移動 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=91 end-page=107 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Spheres of Influence in the Vienna System: Through the Russo-Austrian Relationships at 1820s kn-title=ウィーン体制における勢力圏 ―1820年代の露墺関係を中心に― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　国際政治上，頻繁に言及される現象にもかかわらず，「勢力圏」とその概念は十分に整理されていない。本稿では，1820年代ロシアのイタリア半島におけるオーストリアの勢力範囲に対する認識を事例に，19世紀前半のヨーロッパ国際社会における勢力圏のあり方を検討した。とりわけロシアは，1820年代を通じてバルカン半島で継続したギリシア独立革命への干渉を認めさせるべく，1820年代初頭のナポリ立憲革命を鎮圧したオーストリアの干渉の先例に繰り返し言及していた。その結果としてロシアの政策決定者たちは，1820年代初頭には完全に受け入れていなかった，イタリア半島におけるオーストリアの特別な利益の存在を認めるに至った。そして1830年のフランス七月革命の結果として，露墺両国は，バルカン半島とイタリア半島における双方の利益と勢力範囲をお互いに受け入れた。19世紀前半のウィーン体制期の勢力圏は，長期的な交渉の繰り返しで形成・構築されるものであり，認識のすり合わせが成功した場合には，大国間の外交的協力を可能にした。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YAGUCHIHiroaki en-aut-sei=YAGUCHI en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name=矢口啓朗 kn-aut-sei=矢口 kn-aut-mei=啓朗 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 en-keyword=ウィーン体制 kn-keyword=ウィーン体制 en-keyword=勢力圏 kn-keyword=勢力圏 en-keyword=ナポリ立憲革命 kn-keyword=ナポリ立憲革命 en-keyword=ギリシア独立革命 kn-keyword=ギリシア独立革命 en-keyword=ロシア―オーストリア関係 kn-keyword=ロシア―オーストリア関係 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=79 end-page=90 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Study on the Content Structure of Elementary Social Studies Based on the Law：Depending on the U.S. Legal Education Textbook “Foundations of Democracy” kn-title=法に基づく初等社会科内容構成に関する研究 ―米国法教育教材『民主主義の基礎(FOUNDATIONS of DEMOCRACY)』を手掛かりにして― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本研究は，法に基づいて構成される初等教育段階の社会科の内容構成原理を明らかにするため，米国の初等法教育教材『民主主義の基礎（FOUNDATIONS of DEMOCRACY）』を分析したものである。日本における法教育研究は，1990年代後半から，米国の法教育研究を紹介する形で始まり，その後，数多くの米国の法関連教育教材が日本に紹介され，その分析に基づく研究成果が蓄積されてきた。しかし，それらの研究の多くは，中等教育段階のものであり，初等教育を対象とする法教育の研究は多くはない。本研究は，初等社会科としての法教育に焦点を当て，その内容構成を明らかにしようとする点に独自性がある。本研究で取り上げる『民主主義の基礎』は，日本でも注目され，複数の研究者によって分析されている。本研究では，それらの先行研究をふまえつつ，これまでの研究では十分解明されていなかった内容構成原理の解明を目指す。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KUWABARAToshinori en-aut-sei=KUWABARA en-aut-mei=Toshinori kn-aut-name=桑原敏典 kn-aut-sei=桑原 kn-aut-mei=敏典 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FUKUNAGAShinnosuke en-aut-sei=FUKUNAGA en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name=福永伸之介 kn-aut-sei=福永 kn-aut-mei=伸之介 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University Graduate School of Education Master's Course kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科修士課程 en-keyword=小学校社会科 kn-keyword=小学校社会科 en-keyword=法教育 kn-keyword=法教育 en-keyword=内容構成 kn-keyword=内容構成 en-keyword=米国社会科 kn-keyword=米国社会科 en-keyword=米国法教育 kn-keyword=米国法教育 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=69 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Research on Formative Activities that Shape Children's Sense of Self : A Perspective on Understanding Children's Learning Based on the Literature of Bin Kimura kn-title=子どもの自己が立ち上がる造形行為についての文献研究 ― 木村敏の文献に基づいた子どもの学びを捉える視点 ― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本研究では，造形行為において，子どもの「自己」が立ち上がることをその子ども自身の学びとして捉える視点について，木村の文献を手掛かりに検討した。まず，「自我」，「無意識」，「自己」の概念を整理し，造形行為において個々の子どもに経験される学びを考察した。次に，個々の子どもに経験される学びが，活動場所や造形行為を共有する他の子どもへと知られ受容されていく関係が，造形行為の過程で形成されることを考察した。最後に，造形行為において形成される子ども同士の関係へと参与し，同じ経験を共有していくあり方が，子どもの「自己」が立ち上がる学びを捉える視点そのものであることを示した。今後は，芸術教育や芸術実践を対象とした研究により，本研究の知見を深めていく。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OHIRAShuya en-aut-sei=OHIRA en-aut-mei=Shuya kn-aut-name=大平修也 kn-aut-sei=大平 kn-aut-mei=修也 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 en-keyword=関係 kn-keyword=関係 en-keyword=無意識 kn-keyword=無意識 en-keyword=自我 kn-keyword=自我 en-keyword=自己 kn-keyword=自己 en-keyword=主体的な学び kn-keyword=主体的な学び END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=53 end-page=67 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Structure of Childcare Practices Supporting the Regulation of Negative Emotions in Infant Classrooms: A SCAT Analysis of Group Interviews with Early Childhood Educators kn-title=０歳児クラスにおける負の情動調整を支える保育実践の構造 ―保育者へのグループインタビューの SCAT 分析― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本研究の目的は，０歳児クラスにおける乳児の負の情動調整を支える保育実践の構造を明らかにすることである。０歳児クラス担当保育者２名を対象にフォーカス・グループ・インタビューを実施し，逐語録をSCAT により分析した。その結果，【受容的共同調整による情緒的安全基地の形成】【子どもの心情の理解に基づく見立ての深化】【子どもの心情の予測に基づく情動調整】【保育者間協働による情動調整の実践の共有】【好みや文化的媒介を活用した情動安定化】の５つの統合カテゴリーが導出された。保育者が子どもの心情変化を見取りながら，待機・見守り・最小限の介入を調整する「子どもの心情の予測に基づく情動調整」が特徴的であった。情動調整支援が保育者間の協働的実践で支えられていることも明らかになった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KATAYAMAMika en-aut-sei=KATAYAMA en-aut-mei=Mika kn-aut-name=片山美香 kn-aut-sei=片山 kn-aut-mei=美香 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OKAMURASachiyo en-aut-sei=OKAMURA en-aut-mei=Sachiyo kn-aut-name=岡村幸代 kn-aut-sei=岡村 kn-aut-mei=幸代 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=2 en-affil=Tachibanaima Nursery School of the Tachibana Social Welfare Association kn-affil=社会福祉法人橘福祉会　橘今保育園 en-keyword=０歳児クラス kn-keyword=０歳児クラス en-keyword=負の情動調整 kn-keyword=負の情動調整 en-keyword=保育実践 kn-keyword=保育実践 en-keyword=SCAT 分析 kn-keyword=SCAT 分析 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=37 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Practical Study on Collaborative Training of Novice University Note-takers for Support University Students Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing: Examining a Training Model Utilizing Diverse Human Resources kn-title=聴覚障害学生支援のための初学者向け大学ノートテイカー共同養成研修の効果・課題・あり方 ―多様な人的リソースを活用した養成研修モデルの検討― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本研究は，多様な人的リソースを活用した聴覚障害学生支援のための初学者向けノートテイカー共同養成研修の効果と課題を明らかにし，今後の共同養成研修のあり方について検討することを目的とした。共同養成研修の効果として，【他大学との交流の有効性】，【研修順序の有効性】，【研修内容の充実】などが見られ，今後の研修の生かし方として，【研鑽や活動拡大】，【支援・研修の充実】などが挙げられており，研修の有効性が明らかになった。一方で，共同養成研修の課題として，交流プログラムの満足度が相対的に最も低く，【時間不足】が背景にあると考えられた。これらのことを踏まえて，共同養成研修のあり方として，学生・教職員が交流する十分な時間の確保や，各講義時間の増加のために，動画を視聴するオンデマンド形式を基本として，交流や演習などを対面，またはリアルタイムオンラインで実施するなどの研修方法が考えられる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SHIMONAKAMURATakeshi en-aut-sei=SHIMONAKAMURA en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name=下中村武 kn-aut-sei=下中村 kn-aut-mei=武 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=INOUEHiroko en-aut-sei=INOUE en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name=井上寛子 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=寛子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TAKAGIYuka en-aut-sei=TAKAGI en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name=木由香 kn-aut-sei=木 kn-aut-mei=由香 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SOEJIMAHirofumi en-aut-sei=SOEJIMA en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=副島弘文 kn-aut-sei=副島 kn-aut-mei=弘文 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FUJISENoboru en-aut-sei=FUJISE en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name=藤瀬昇 kn-aut-sei=藤瀬 kn-aut-mei=昇 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=2 en-affil=Child Consultation Center, Kumamoto city kn-affil=熊本市児童相談所 affil-num=3 en-affil=Student Accessibility Support Room, Kumamoto University kn-affil=熊本大学障がい学生支援室 affil-num=4 en-affil=Student Accessibility Support Room, Kumamoto University kn-affil=熊本大学障がい学生支援室 affil-num=5 en-affil=Kumamoto Prefecture Mental Health Welfare Center kn-affil=熊本県精神保健福祉センター en-keyword=聴覚障害 kn-keyword=聴覚障害 en-keyword=障害学生 kn-keyword=障害学生 en-keyword=情報保障 kn-keyword=情報保障 en-keyword=ノートテイク kn-keyword=ノートテイク en-keyword=共同養成 kn-keyword=共同養成 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=27 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Psychological Determinants of University Students’ Subjective Well-Being and Motivation Toward Happiness: Focusing on Authenticity, Interpersonal Relationships, and Engagement kn-title=大学生の主観的幸福感，幸福への動機づけを規定する心理的要因 ―本来感，対人関係，エンゲージメントに着目して― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本研究は，大学生の幸福感を規定する心理的要因を明らかにすることを目的とし，主観的幸福感（SHS）および幸せへの動機づけ（HEMA）を従属変数として，本来感，対人関係（被受容感・被拒絶感），エンゲージメント（感情・認識）との関連を検討した。大学生139名を対象に質問紙調査を実施し，相関分析および重回帰分析を行った。その結果，主観的幸福感には本来感と感情エンゲージメントが正の影響を，被拒絶感が負の影響を与えていた。幸せへの動機づけのうち，幸福追求と喜び追求には本来感が正の影響を示し，幸福追求には感情エンゲージメントと認識エンゲージメントも関連していた。一方，くつろぎ追求にはいずれの要因も有意な影響を示さなかった。以上より，大学生の幸福感は，自分らしく行動できている感覚や活動への積極的関与によって高まり，他者からの拒絶感は幸福感を低下させることが示唆された。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AOKITazuko en-aut-sei=AOKI en-aut-mei=Tazuko kn-aut-name=青木多寿子 kn-aut-sei=青木 kn-aut-mei=多寿子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HARADAMiki en-aut-sei=HARADA en-aut-mei=Miki kn-aut-name=原田実季 kn-aut-sei=原田 kn-aut-mei=実季 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学名誉教授 affil-num=2 en-affil=Elementary School teacher in Okayama Prefecture kn-affil=岡山県小学校教員 en-keyword=主観的幸福感 kn-keyword=主観的幸福感 en-keyword=幸せへの動機づけ kn-keyword=幸せへの動機づけ en-keyword=本来感 kn-keyword=本来感 en-keyword=対人関係 kn-keyword=対人関係 en-keyword=エンゲージメント kn-keyword=エンゲージメント END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=13 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Leadership Self-Efficacy through Collaborative Experiences in Group Activities: The Role of Habitual Reflection on Experience kn-title=集団活動での協働経験を通じて培われるリーダーシップ効力感 ― 経験を振り返る習慣がもつ意味 ― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本研究では，日常的な集団活動での協働経験および経験学習習慣が，リーダーシップ効力感とどのように関連するのかを検討した。大学生を対象に質問紙調査を実施し，99名の有効回答を分析対象とした。因子分析により，協働経験について「協働的問題解決」，「集団内責任遂行」，「意思決定参画」の3因子が抽出された。リーダーシップ効力感（鼓舞力，変革力，共感力）との関連を階層的重回帰分析で検討した結果，集団内責任遂行の経験は変革力と，意思決定参画の経験は鼓舞力と関連し，経験学習習慣は変革力および共感力と正の関連を示した。また，協働的問題解決の経験が少ない場合には，経験学習習慣が鼓舞力と変革力を補完的に高める可能性が示唆された。得られた知見に基づき，大学生のリーダーシップ育成における協働経験の内容に応じた支援と，経験を省察する習慣形成の重要性を議論した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MISAWARyo en-aut-sei=MISAWA en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name=三沢良 kn-aut-sei=三沢 kn-aut-mei=良 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KANEMIShunta en-aut-sei=KANEMI en-aut-mei=Shunta kn-aut-name=金見駿汰 kn-aut-sei=金見 kn-aut-mei=駿汰 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HASEGAWANaoko en-aut-sei=HASEGAWA en-aut-mei=Naoko kn-aut-name=長谷川尚子 kn-aut-sei=長谷川 kn-aut-mei=尚子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=2 en-affil=Benesse Corporation kn-affil=株式会社ベネッセコーポレーション affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bunkyo University kn-affil=文教大学人間科学部心理学科 en-keyword=集団活動 kn-keyword=集団活動 en-keyword=協働経験 kn-keyword=協働経験 en-keyword=リーダーシップ効力感 kn-keyword=リーダーシップ効力感 en-keyword=経験学習習慣 kn-keyword=経験学習習慣 en-keyword=大学生 kn-keyword=大学生 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Aspects of the Adoption of Simultaneous Teaching Methods in Japan in the Late 19th Century: A Perspective on the Transition from Early Modern to Modern Periods kn-title=19世紀後半日本における一斉教授法の受容の一断面 ― 近世・近代転換期の教育状況の視野 ― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　近代日本における西洋教育の日本教育への影響を考察し，とくに世界で伝播のあったモニトリアル・システム（助教法）の日本教育における位置を検討する。19世紀後半は，近世の寺子屋の時代から近代の小学校の時代への転換期であった。国民教育の場としての小学校が整い，男女が就学する状況の形成があった。この過程において，日本がアメリカ経由で受容した一斉教授は，教師が教室で教授する方法であった。助教を用いる方法ではなかった。本稿は，近代日本ではモニトリアル･システムを基本的には経験しない展開と，一斉教授を行う教師の養成があったことを論じるものである。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KAJIIKazuaki en-aut-sei=KAJII en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name=梶井一暁 kn-aut-sei=梶井 kn-aut-mei=一暁 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 en-keyword=近世・近代転換期 kn-keyword=近世・近代転換期 en-keyword=一斉教授 kn-keyword=一斉教授 en-keyword=個別教授 kn-keyword=個別教授 en-keyword=モニトリアル・システム kn-keyword=モニトリアル・システム en-keyword=教育伝播 kn-keyword=教育伝播 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=192 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=表紙・目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100639 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Interbacterial antagonism mediates plant growth modulation by rhizosphere synthetic communities in barley en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Microbial communities in plant roots are shaped by complex interbacterial interactions, yet how these interactions translate into plant fitness remains poorly understood. In this study, 127 bacterial isolates were obtained from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) roots of two cultivars grown in a non-fertilized field, representing 45 genera and 72 species. Screening identified isolates with growth-promoting, growth-reducing, and neutral phenotypes. Co-inoculation experiments using synthetic communities (SynComs) demonstrated that growth-promoting isolates effectively cancelled the inhibitory effects of growth-reducing isolates on barley seedling growth. Mechanistic investigation revealed that growth-promoting isolates Variovorax sp. 14F-2.1 and Pseudomonas sp. 37A kill growth-reducing isolates Flavobacterium sp. 2D-1 through direct cell-to-cell contact. Deletion of the Type VI secretion system (T6SS) gene tssA in Variovorax sp. 14F-2.1 substantially reduced this activity, implicating T6SS as a key antagonistic mechanism. Phytohormone profiling revealed that growth-promoting and neutral isolates, but not growth-reducing isolates, produce cytokinins, and only Variovorax sp. 14F-2.1 could degrade IAA, suggesting a potential hormonal basis for differential growth effects. A two-year field microbiome study showed that fertilization regimen and seasonal sampling times were dominant drivers of rhizosphere community composition, while bacterial inoculation had limited and inconsistent effects on microbial diversity and plant growth under field conditions. These results demonstrate that interbacterial antagonism is a key determinant of community-level plant growth outcomes and highlight the complexity of translating laboratory inoculant effects to field settings. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MahamudMd Asif en-aut-sei=Mahamud en-aut-mei=Md Asif kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=PichaikarnRungnapa en-aut-sei=Pichaikarn en-aut-mei=Rungnapa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=LatifMuhammad Ammar en-aut-sei=Latif en-aut-mei=Muhammad Ammar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuuraTakakazu en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Takakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriIzumi C en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Izumi C kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaishoDaisuke en-aut-sei=Saisho en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UngcharoenwiwatPakpimol en-aut-sei=Ungcharoenwiwat en-aut-mei=Pakpimol kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniAkio en-aut-sei=Tani en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Science, Walailak University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=School of Science, Walailak University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Barley kn-keyword=Barley en-keyword=Rhizosphere microbiome kn-keyword=Rhizosphere microbiome en-keyword=SynCom kn-keyword=SynCom en-keyword=Bacterial antagonism kn-keyword=Bacterial antagonism en-keyword=Type VI secretion system kn-keyword=Type VI secretion system en-keyword=Phytohormone kn-keyword=Phytohormone END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=94 end-page=99 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimization of the External Directing Group Depending on the Substrates for the Regioselective C?H Alkenylation of Phenyl Ethers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Using an external directing group (externalDG), we have succeeded in ortho-selective C?H alkenylation of various DG-free phenyl ethers, including bulky silyl ethers. Also, we demonstrated a strategy to develop regioselective C?H activation by optimizing externalDG depending on the substrate. The means for optimizing externalDG include the selection of the precursor, the addition of a Lewis acid, and changing the ratio of the precursor/Pd, to control the reactivity and regioselectivity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YanoKoki en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawadaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Sawada en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=17 article-no= start-page=7542 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260823 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Assessment of the Association of Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus with Alzheimer’s Disease in a Mouse Model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purpose of the present study was to investigate how periodontitis and diabetes mellitus (DM) are associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) through microRNA (miRNA) using AD model mice. The experimental period was 8 weeks. Twenty-four male knock-in mice (B6-AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F/J) were divided into four groups: control group fed a normal diet (C), DM group fed a high-fat/sucrose diet (DM), periodontitis (P) group, and DM + periodontitis (DM+P) group. Memory performance was compared using the Y-maze test. Next-generation sequencing was performed on brain samples, and fold changes in miRNA expression were calculated by comparing the DM+P and C groups. Integrated miRNA?mRNA analysis identified putative miRNA-targeted mRNAs, and protein expression of the top candidate gene was assessed. Memory function in the DM+P group was significantly lower than in the C group. Among the seven mRNAs identified by the integrated analysis, Neurod1 showed the greatest decrease in expression, and it was predicted to be regulated by miR-693-3p. Neurod1 protein expression in the hippocampus was significantly lower in the DM+P group than the C group. Our results suggest that the combined exposure to periodontitis and DM was associated with AD-like pathological changes and identified the miR-693-3p/Neurod1 pair as a candidate regulatory axis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakaharaMomoko en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Momoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKota en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Kota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaTakayuki en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NurhamimMohammad en-aut-sei=Nurhamim en-aut-mei=Mohammad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangYixuan en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Yixuan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuharaDaiki en-aut-sei=Fukuhara en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Uchida-FukuharaYoko en-aut-sei=Uchida-Fukuhara en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IslamMd Monirul en-aut-sei=Islam en-aut-mei=Md Monirul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaManabu en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoTakashi en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=EkuniDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ekuni en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Dental School, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Research Center for Integrative Evolutionary Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Centre for Policy Studies, University College Cork kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Takarazuka University of Medical and Health Care kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Alzheimer’s disease kn-keyword=Alzheimer’s disease en-keyword=periodontitis kn-keyword=periodontitis en-keyword=diabetes mellitus kn-keyword=diabetes mellitus en-keyword=microRNA kn-keyword=microRNA en-keyword=mRNA kn-keyword=mRNA END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1867 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=149598 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202611 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cryo-EM structure of photosystem II D1-V185T mutant from Thermosynechococcus vestitus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Photosystem II (PSII) catalyzes water oxidation into electrons, protons and dioxygen at its catalytic center, a Mn4CaO5 cluster, utilizing light energy. An amino acid residue D1-V185 in the D1 protein is located close to the Mn4CaO5 cluster, and plays a critical role in its catalytic function. In this research we purified PSII dimers from a D1-V185T mutant of Thermosynechococcus vestitus and analyzed its structure using low-damage cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) at a resolution of 1.88 ?. The results revealed the presence of multi-conformations at the mutation site. Unlike the wild-type valine, which does not allow water molecules to be able to form hydrogen-bonds with it, both conformations of the mutant formed hydrogen bonds with nearby water molecules, which leads to rearrangement of the hydrogen bond networks in the O1 and Cl-1 channels. In conformation-A, the mutated Thr residue forms a hydrogen bond with a water molecule W6, which creates a new channel that bypasses the original O1 channel. Due to the hydrophilic OH group of Thr, the side-chain of D1-Glu189 was attracted and shifted toward the mutant Thr residue. In conformation-B, it forms a hydrogen bond with a water molecule W9 in the Cl-1 channel, bringing W9 closer and thereby disrupting the hydrogen bond network of the Cl-1 channel. In addition, multi-conformations of D2-K317, which is a ligand of Cl-1, were found in the mutant. These changes alter the environment surrounding the Cl-1 ion and Mn4CaO5, thereby affecting the PSII water-oxidation activity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JiangHaowei en-aut-sei=Jiang en-aut-mei=Haowei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaYoshiki en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Yoshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkitaFusamichi en-aut-sei=Akita en-aut-mei=Fusamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiHongjie en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Hongjie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKoji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiuraMiwa en-aut-sei=Sugiura en-aut-mei=Miwa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren en-aut-sei=Shen en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Advanced Research Field and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Advanced Research Field and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Advanced Research Field and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Center for Transformative Science, School of Life Science and Technology and Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, ShanghaiTech University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Advanced Research Field and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Proteo-Science Research Center, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Advanced Research Field and Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Photosystem II kn-keyword=Photosystem II en-keyword=Oxygen-evolving complex kn-keyword=Oxygen-evolving complex en-keyword=Water-oxidation kn-keyword=Water-oxidation en-keyword=Structure kn-keyword=Structure en-keyword=Mutant kn-keyword=Mutant en-keyword=Cryo-EM kn-keyword=Cryo-EM en-keyword=Thermosynechococcus vestitus kn-keyword=Thermosynechococcus vestitus END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=22258 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260711 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microstructural changes in irradiated teeth revealed by swept-source optical coherence tomography en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Radiation-induced caries is a late complication of radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. Although direct irradiation-induced changes in tooth structure may contribute to its development, these changes have not been fully characterized. This study evaluated irradiation-associated microstructural alterations and tissue density changes in human teeth using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Eight extracted fully impacted human third molars were assigned to irradiated and non-irradiated groups (n?=?4 each). The irradiated group received X-rays at a total dose of 70 Gy, a clinically relevant dose in definitive radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. A total of 64 SS-OCT cross-sectional images were obtained and analyzed, with 32 images from each group, including 16 from the coronal area on the occlusal side and 16 from the cervical area. Microcrack-like features were observed in 100% (16/16) of irradiated and 31.3% (5/16) of non-irradiated images in the coronal area on the occlusal side, and in 43.8% (7/16) and 0% (0/16) of images in the cervical area, respectively. Attenuation coefficients were significantly higher in irradiated enamel and dentin. These findings suggest that irradiation-induced microstructural changes in extracted human teeth in vitro may contribute to increased susceptibility to radiation-induced caries. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuzakiKumiko en-aut-sei=Matsuzaki en-aut-mei=Kumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuzakiHidenobu en-aut-sei=Matsuzaki en-aut-mei=Hidenobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabataTomoko en-aut-sei=Tabata en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AoyamaHideki en-aut-sei=Aoyama en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshioKotaro en-aut-sei=Yoshio en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakiHirotaka en-aut-sei=Kosaki en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaNaoko en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Naoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadrAlireza en-aut-sei=Sadr en-aut-mei=Alireza kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SogaYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Soga en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaYasushi en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Central Clinical Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Diagnosis and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Central Division of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Central Clinical Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Magnuson Health Sciences Center, University of Washington kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Central Clinical Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= en-keyword=Radiation-induced caries kn-keyword=Radiation-induced caries en-keyword=Dental enamel kn-keyword=Dental enamel en-keyword=Dentin kn-keyword=Dentin en-keyword=Radiation effects kn-keyword=Radiation effects en-keyword=Swept-source optical coherence tomography kn-keyword=Swept-source optical coherence tomography END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=80 end-page=86 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The 125th General Assembly of the Okayama Medical Association kn-title=第125回　岡山医学会総会 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=78 end-page=79 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The 33rd Annual Meeting of Japan Hormonal Steroid Society kn-title=第33回日本ステロイドホルモン学会学術集会 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name=大塚文男 kn-aut-sei=大塚 kn-aut-mei=文男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院医歯薬学域　総合内科学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=76 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The 5th Annual Congress of the Japanese Association of Perinatal Anesthesiology kn-title=第５回日本周産期麻酔科学会学術集会開催報告 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morimatsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=森松博史 kn-aut-sei=森松 kn-aut-mei=博史 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院医歯薬学域　麻酔・蘇生学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=73 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Global standardization of pathological diagnosis kn-title=病理診断の国際的標準化 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoHidetaka en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name=山元英崇 kn-aut-sei=山元 kn-aut-mei=英崇 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学域　病理学（腫瘍病理） END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=68 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Drug interaction (66. Drug interactions of orexin receptor antagonists) kn-title=薬物相互作用（66―オレキシン受容体拮抗薬の薬物相互作用） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NarumotoYuka en-aut-sei=Narumoto en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name=成本由佳 kn-aut-sei=成本 kn-aut-mei=由佳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamanoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Hamano en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=濱野裕章 kn-aut-sei=濱野 kn-aut-mei=裕章 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=座間味義人 kn-aut-sei=座間味 kn-aut-mei=義人 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil=岡山大学病院　薬剤部 affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院医療開発領域　薬剤部 affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院医療開発領域　薬剤部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=62 end-page=67 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=New developments in molecular targeted therapy for lung cancer : The expanding role of antibody-based therapeutics kn-title=肺癌における分子標的治療の新展開―抗体医薬時代の到来― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraTomoka en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name=西村智香 kn-aut-sei=西村 kn-aut-mei=智香 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoGo en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name=槇本剛 kn-aut-sei=槇本 kn-aut-mei=剛 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil=岡山大学病院　呼吸器内科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil=岡山大学病院　呼吸器内科 en-keyword=肺癌 kn-keyword=肺癌 en-keyword=抗体医薬 kn-keyword=抗体医薬 en-keyword=抗体薬物複合体 kn-keyword=抗体薬物複合体 en-keyword=二重特異性抗体 kn-keyword=二重特異性抗体 en-keyword=BiTE kn-keyword=BiTE END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=58 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A case of autoamputated primary uterine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with Pola-R-CHP therapy and CNS recurrence prophylaxis kn-title=自然脱落した子宮原発 DLBCL に対して Pola-R-CHP 療法と CNS 再発予防を行った１例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　A 55-year-old woman presented to her local physician with the chief complaint of genital bleeding. A 22×19-mm mass was noted on the patient's cervix, and during the internal examination the mass auto-amputated. The pathological examination of the auto-amputated mass revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). An examination by F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PET-CT) showed FDG uptake at physiological levels in the cervix, with no abnormal uptake in other organs. Cervical tissue was sampled after the spontaneous detachment of the cervical mass, and the biopsy of the cervical mass did not reveal findings suggestive of lymphoma. Six courses of chemotherapy with polatuzumab vedotin, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisolone (Pola-R-CHP) plus an intramedually injection of methotrexate, cytarabine, and predonisolone (IT-triple), followed by two courses of high-dose intrathecal methotrexate (HD-MTX) were adiministered, and the patient has remained recurrence-free for the more than 8 months since the completion of this treatment. Primary uterine DLBCL is an extremely rare disease with a high rate of recurrence in the central nervous system and a poor prognosis. Our search of the relevant literature identified very few reports describing the prognoses of cases with spontaneous tumor detachment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsadaHikaru en-aut-sei=Osada en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name=長田晃 kn-aut-sei=長田 kn-aut-mei=晃 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraMaiko en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Maiko kn-aut-name=木村真衣子 kn-aut-sei=木村 kn-aut-mei=真衣子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuneishiManaka en-aut-sei=Muneishi en-aut-mei=Manaka kn-aut-name=宗石愛花 kn-aut-sei=宗石 kn-aut-mei=愛花 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurayamaKozo en-aut-sei=Murayama en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name=村山晃三 kn-aut-sei=村山 kn-aut-mei=晃三 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiiyaDaigo en-aut-sei=Niiya en-aut-mei=Daigo kn-aut-name=新谷大悟 kn-aut-sei=新谷 kn-aut-mei=大悟 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiMakoto en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=竹内誠 kn-aut-sei=竹内 kn-aut-mei=誠 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name=藤井総一郎 kn-aut-sei=藤井 kn-aut-mei=総一郎 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil=岡山赤十字病院　血液内科 en-keyword=びまん性大細胞型Ｂ細胞リンパ腫 (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) kn-keyword=びまん性大細胞型Ｂ細胞リンパ腫 (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) en-keyword=子宮原発リンパ腫 (primary uterine lymphoma) kn-keyword=子宮原発リンパ腫 (primary uterine lymphoma) en-keyword=Pola-R-CHP療法 (Pola-R-CHP regimen) kn-keyword=Pola-R-CHP療法 (Pola-R-CHP regimen) en-keyword=HD-MTX療法 (HD-MTX regimen) kn-keyword=HD-MTX療法 (HD-MTX regimen) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=50 end-page=57 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The structure-function relationship of bacterial collagenases and its clinical applications kn-title=細菌性コラゲナーゼの構造活性相関と医療応用 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsushitaOsamu en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=松下治 kn-aut-sei=松下 kn-aut-mei=治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Professor Emeritus, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学　名誉教授 en-keyword=コラーゲン kn-keyword=コラーゲン en-keyword=Ｘ線結晶解析 kn-keyword=Ｘ線結晶解析 en-keyword=クライオ電子顕微鏡 kn-keyword=クライオ電子顕微鏡 en-keyword=生理活性物質 kn-keyword=生理活性物質 en-keyword=マトリックス・アンカリング kn-keyword=マトリックス・アンカリング END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Striving to establish a leading national research center of infectious diseases kn-title=感染症学分野創設マニフェスト―日本屈指の感染症研究拠点を目指して― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name=萩谷英大 kn-aut-sei=萩谷 kn-aut-mei=英大 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院医歯薬学域　感染症学 en-keyword=臨床感染症 kn-keyword=臨床感染症 en-keyword=感染制御 kn-keyword=感染制御 en-keyword=薬剤耐性 kn-keyword=薬剤耐性 en-keyword=ゲノム解析 kn-keyword=ゲノム解析 en-keyword=データサイエンス kn-keyword=データサイエンス END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=40 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Intestinal homeostasis and autoimmune arthritis mediated by type 3 immunity kn-title=３型免疫応答による腸管恒常性維持および自己免疫性関節炎誘導機構 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HirotaKeiji en-aut-sei=Hirota en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name=廣田圭司 kn-aut-sei=廣田 kn-aut-mei=圭司 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院医歯薬学域　炎症免疫学 en-keyword=3型免疫 kn-keyword=3型免疫 en-keyword=炎症性サイトカイン kn-keyword=炎症性サイトカイン en-keyword=組織炎症 kn-keyword=組織炎症 en-keyword=Th17細胞 kn-keyword=Th17細胞 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=38 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The 2025 Incentive Award of the Okayama Medical Association in Cancer Research (2025 Hayashibara Prize and Yamada Prize) kn-title=令和７年度岡山医学会賞　がん研究奨励賞（林原賞・山田賞） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UmedaHibiki en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Hibiki kn-aut-name=梅田響 kn-aut-sei=梅田 kn-aut-mei=響 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　消化器外科学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The 2025 Incentive Award of the Okayama Medical Association in Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research (2025 Sunada Prize) kn-title=令和７年度岡山医学会賞　胸部・循環研究奨励賞（砂田賞） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ItohYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Itoh en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name=伊藤慶彦 kn-aut-sei=伊藤 kn-aut-mei=慶彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　腎・免疫・内分泌代謝内科学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=138 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260803 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The 2025 Incentive Award of the Okayama Medical Association in General Medical Science (2025 Yuuki Prize) kn-title=令和７年度岡山医学会賞　総合研究奨励賞（結城賞） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KambaraYui en-aut-sei=Kambara en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name=神原由依 kn-aut-sei=神原 kn-aut-mei=由依 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　血液・腫瘍・呼吸器内科学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1842408 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260820 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=New mechanistic insight into SARM1 activation: TRIM32-mediated ubiquitination is a key lever that actuates SARM1’s catalytic action, leading to axon degeneration and cell death en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) is an enzyme that cleaves nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and plays a role in disrupting neural circuits through axon degeneration and cell death. SARM1 is activated by changes in the nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)/NAD+ ratio and by various post-translational modifications, but its complete regulatory mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we report that tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32) activates SARM1 through specific ubiquitination triggered by anticancer drug treatment. TRIM32 promotes the attachment of Lys27-linked ubiquitin chains to Lys173 and Lys375 within the ARM domain, which is an autoinhibitory region of SARM1. This ubiquitination by TRIM32 increases SARM1’s NAD+-cleaving catalytic activity and enhances its ability to induce neurite degeneration and cell death. A mutant form of TRIM32 lacking the enzymatically active RING domain fails to promote SARM1 ubiquitination, and reducing TRIM32 levels decreases SARM1 ubiquitination. Additionally, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 13 (USP13), a known negative regulator of SARM1, can deubiquitinate SARM1. These findings suggest that TRIM32 is a key regulator of axon degeneration and cell death through its ubiquitination of SARM1. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurataHitoshi en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomonobuNahoko en-aut-sei=Tomonobu en-aut-mei=Nahoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKen-ichi en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Ken-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaRie en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaguchiMasakiyo en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Masakiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=axon degeneration kn-keyword=axon degeneration en-keyword=NAD?+ kn-keyword=NAD?+ en-keyword=SARM1 kn-keyword=SARM1 en-keyword=TRIM32 kn-keyword=TRIM32 en-keyword=ubiquitination kn-keyword=ubiquitination END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=270 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=157103 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The effect of end-gas auto-ignition flame properties on the knocking intensity of a dual-fuel hydrogen engine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study sought to elucidate the mechanism governing PRE-mixed mixture ignition in end-gas region (PREMIER) combustion in a dual-fuel hydrogen engine. Both knocking and PREMIER combustion are induced by end-gas auto-ignition, but differ in terms of the subsequent development of pressure waves. Knocking is accompanied by strong waves, whereas PREMIER combustion is characterized by the absence of, or very few, such waves. End-gas auto-ignition of hydrogen?air mixtures was visualized while in-cylinder pressure was measured using an optical compression and expansion machine. The visualization data indicate that KI increased as the spread velocity of the end-gas auto-ignition front rose. That velocity remained below 100?m/s during PREMIER combustion, but attained approximately 400?m/s in severe knocking cycles. The theory proposed by Bradley was used to evaluate the experimental results, and two dimensionless parameters, ξ and ε, were estimated. The ξ-ε diagram showed a distinct transition from PREMIER combustion to knocking. (150 words). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamotoRiku en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Riku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobashiYoshimitsu en-aut-sei=Kobashi en-aut-mei=Yoshimitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Dual-fuel engine kn-keyword=Dual-fuel engine en-keyword=Hydrogen kn-keyword=Hydrogen en-keyword=End-gas auto-ignition kn-keyword=End-gas auto-ignition en-keyword=Knocking intensity kn-keyword=Knocking intensity en-keyword=Visualization kn-keyword=Visualization END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=270 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=157237 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synergistic effects of gas-to-liquid pilot ignition and high rates of nitrogen-based simulated EGR on PREMIER combustion in dual-fuel hydrogen engines en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hydrogen-fueled compression-ignition engines offer a pathway to decarbonize heavy-duty propulsion but face a trade-off between thermal efficiency, NOx emissions, and narrow knock-free windows. Although EGR dilution and pilot-fuel reactivity control have each been studied independently, their combined effect on hydrogen PREMIER (PREmixed Mixture Ignition in the End-gas Region) combustion has not been systematically characterized. This study addresses that gap by comparing diesel and high-cetane Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) pilot fuels in a supercharged hydrogen dual-fuel engine, while varying nitrogen addition to isolate the inert dilution effect of simulated EGR (0?50%). GTL's superior ignitability shortened ignition delay and enhanced combustion stability versus diesel. Increasing inert EGR (nitrogen) dilution suppressed NOx by over 90% (360 to 30?ppm) via reduced peak temperatures, while sustaining knock-free PREMIER combustion and achieving a peak indicated thermal efficiency of 43.55% at ?0.80?MPa IMEP. Coupling pilot-fuel reactivity control with EGR dilution enables safe, clean, high-efficiency hydrogen dual-fuel. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MustafiNirendra Nath en-aut-sei=Mustafi en-aut-mei=Nirendra Nath kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobashiYoshimitsu en-aut-sei=Kobashi en-aut-mei=Yoshimitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Dual-fuel hydrogen engine kn-keyword=Dual-fuel hydrogen engine en-keyword=PREMIER combustion kn-keyword=PREMIER combustion en-keyword=Gas-to-Liquid kn-keyword=Gas-to-Liquid en-keyword=Exhaust gas recirculation kn-keyword=Exhaust gas recirculation en-keyword=NOx suppression kn-keyword=NOx suppression en-keyword=End-gas auto-ignition kn-keyword=End-gas auto-ignition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e77420 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Biomineral-Inspired Organic/Inorganic Colloidal Liquid-Crystalline Hybrids for Photoresponsive Adhesion en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bioinspired hybrid nanostructures offer a promising strategy for developing dynamic functional materials. Herein, we report a new class of photoresponsive liquid-crystalline (LC) adhesives based on organic/inorganic nanostructured colloidal hybrids. These LC materials are composed of a biomineral-inspired hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanorod and azobenzene-based forklike molecules. The organic/inorganic LC hybrids exhibit unusual photo-enhanced adhesion upon photoinduced order?disorder phase transitions of these LC materials. The photoresponsive adhesion functions of the colloidal LC hybrids are tuned by spacer moieties of the forklike molecules as well as mixing of the hybrids with the forklike molecules. The reversible photo-enhanced adhesion of the LC hybrids is achieved when the forklike molecule having oligooxyethylene spacers is hybridized with the HAp nanorod. The flexible oligooxyethylene spacers of the forklike molecule are effective for the formation of less ordered packing of the azobenzene units in the LC hybrids, which enables the dynamic photoresponsive functions. We propose an approach to the development of bioinspired photoresponsive LC materials through self-assembly of functional organic molecules and biomineral-based colloidal hybrids. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchidaJunya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiguchiRyuta en-aut-sei=Kiguchi en-aut-mei=Ryuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoRiki en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Riki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaYuta en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoTakashi en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=adhesion kn-keyword=adhesion en-keyword=biominerals kn-keyword=biominerals en-keyword=colloids kn-keyword=colloids en-keyword=liquidcrystals kn-keyword=liquidcrystals en-keyword=organic/inorganichybrids kn-keyword=organic/inorganichybrids en-keyword=photoresponsivematerials kn-keyword=photoresponsivematerials en-keyword=self-assembly kn-keyword=self-assembly END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Potential effects of intradialytic exercise therapy on physical performance in hemodialysis patients based on the intervention period: a systematic review and meta-analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Intradialytic exercise during hemodialysis (HD) improves physical function and shows high adherence. In Japan, the 2018 guideline by the Japanese Society of Renal Rehabilitation supports intradialytic exercise, but medical insurance only covers the first 90 days. As new studies have emerged since the guideline was published, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact and optimal duration of exercise interventions beyond 12 weeks.
Methods We followed a preregistered protocol (PROSPERO CRD42025642273) and PRISMA-P guidelines. Randomized controlled trials of adult patients undergoing HD performing structured exercise were identified via MEDLINE database (PubMed, March 2017?November 2024) and ICHUSHI-Web database. Two independent reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using Cochrane RoB 2.0. Outcomes included peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), 6 min walk distance, timed up and go (TUG) test, handgrip strength, sit-to-stand (STS) performance, and biochemical measures (hemoglobin, standard weekly urea Kt/V [std Kt/V]). Pooled mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a mixed-effects model (Hartung?Knapp?Sidik?Jonkman method).
Results A total of 71 studies, including 43 newly identified studies, were included. Risk of bias was moderate-to-high. Interventions?>?12 weeks significantly improved 6 min walking distance (MD 52.4 m [95% CI 35.4?69.3], p??12 weeks of exercise.
Conclusions Our findings suggest that exercise interventions lasting more than 12 weeks can enhance physical performance. Nevertheless, the applicability of these results to older patients remains uncertain, as most evidence is derived from middle-aged cohorts.
Trial registration Registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42025642273). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchidaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaYu en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaShigeki en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Shigeki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeHiromasa en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Hiromasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimotoMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Nishimoto en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HishikawaAkihito en-aut-sei=Hishikawa en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TonomuraShun en-aut-sei=Tonomura en-aut-mei=Shun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SofueTadashi en-aut-sei=Sofue en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNaohiko en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Naohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitohMasakazu en-aut-sei=Saitoh en-aut-mei=Masakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaritaIchiei en-aut-sei=Narita en-aut-mei=Ichiei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagataKunihiro en-aut-sei=Yamagata en-aut-mei=Kunihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoshinoJunichi en-aut-sei=Hoshino en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawarazakiHiroo en-aut-sei=Kawarazaki en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuradaTsutomu en-aut-sei=Sakurada en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Hospital Mizonokuchi kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Kojima Kidney and Dialysis Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Nara Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nephrology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Cardiorenal and Cerebrovascular Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Niigata Institute for Health and Sports Medicine, Niigata Sports Association kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Preventive and Sports Nephrology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Tokyo Women’s Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University Hospital Mizonokuchi kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=Intradialytic exercise kn-keyword=Intradialytic exercise en-keyword=Physical performance kn-keyword=Physical performance en-keyword=Exercise period kn-keyword=Exercise period en-keyword=Short physical performance battery kn-keyword=Short physical performance battery en-keyword=Handgrip strength kn-keyword=Handgrip strength en-keyword=Systematic review kn-keyword=Systematic review en-keyword=Meta-analysis kn-keyword=Meta-analysis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=15 article-no= start-page=2302 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260724 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Impact of Cold Storage and Seasonality on Raw Cow Milk Microbiota, Assessed by Conventional and Viability PCR en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The microbiota of healthy Holstein cow’s milk was analyzed to evaluate the effects of immediate (freezing at the farm: on-site workflow) and delayed processing (freezing after cool transport: laboratory workflow) and to investigate seasonal changes in September, November, and January. Propidium monoazide (PMA) was also used to distinguish between viable and non-viable cells. Microbiota composition differed between the laboratory and the on-site workflow. After cool transport, the abundances of Lactobacillus and Turicibacter increased, while those of Streptococcus, Bradyrhizobium, and Acinetobacter decreased. Based on the β-diversity assessment, the difference between viable and non-viable cells was marginal compared with the difference between on-site and laboratory workflows. In the subsequent on-site workflow experiment, seasonal variation was clearly demonstrated. The relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Turicibacter, and Bacillus were high in September; Staphylococcus, Phenylobacterium, and Bradyrhizobium in November; and Phyllobacterium in January. The seasonal effect was greater than the PMA treatment effect. Despite the study’s limitations, such as a limited number of milk samples and data from only one farm with a single management system, our findings indicate that storage and transport at low temperatures could lead to inaccurate assessments, particularly of opportunistic environmental microbiota. Viability PCR could help improve our understanding of the factors involved but would not substantially alter the raw milk microbiota. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TranPhong Dinh en-aut-sei=Tran en-aut-mei=Phong Dinh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinoNaoki en-aut-sei=Nishino en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=cow milk kn-keyword=cow milk en-keyword=cold storage kn-keyword=cold storage en-keyword=microbiota kn-keyword=microbiota en-keyword=seasonal variation kn-keyword=seasonal variation en-keyword=viability kn-keyword=viability END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=359 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=127928 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261015 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Discrimination of nanovesicles using two-color laser-induced fluorescence detection en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A two-color fluorescence-detection system was developed to distinguish between two types of nanovesicles labeled with different fluorescent dyes. This system employs two lasers emitting at distinct wavelengths (488 and 635 nm). These lasers are reshaped into sheet-like beams and focused at separate positions within a square capillary. As vesicles flow through the capillary, they pass through the laser beams and emit fluorescence when excited by the corresponding wavelength. This technique allows for the counting of vesicles and identification of the specific fluorophores on the vesicles based on their emission positions. The system was validated using liposomes labeled with fluorophores excited by the 488 and 635 nm lasers. It was then applied to differentiate CD63-positive extracellular vesicles (EVs) from other types of EVs in a culture media consisting of HeLa and A549 cells. Additionally, the system was used to study the effect of the anticancer drug doxorubicin on EV secretion in these cancer cells. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsahiShunsuke en-aut-sei=Asahi en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanetaTakashi en-aut-sei=Kaneta en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1572 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Neoplasm-Related Mortality and the Social Determinants of Health en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Racial/ethnic and regional disparities in neoplasm-related mortality remain a significant public health challenge. In this study, we aimed to evaluate long-term trends in county-level neoplasm-related mortality rates by race/ethnicity in the United States and examine associations with social determinants of health. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional ecological study using population-based data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, including individuals residing in 50 states of the United States and the District of Columbia from 2000 to 2019. We analyzed age-standardized neoplasm-related mortality rates by ethnicity/race. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify significant changes in mortality trends, summarized as average annual percentage change. County-level correlations between mortality and key social determinants of health were also assessed. Results: Neoplasm-related mortality rates declined across all racial/ethnic groups from 2000 to 2019; however, disparities persisted. The age-standardized neoplasm-related mortality rates per 100,000 population decreased in all racial/ethnic subgroups. The average annual percentage change ranged from ?0.94% (Hispanic and non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native) to ?1.90% (Black). Sex-specific analyses revealed similar trends. Southeastern states experienced slower declines than Northeastern states did. County-level smoking and poverty rates were positively correlated, whereas the primary care physician-to-population ratio, excessive alcohol consumption rate, mammography screening rate, and median household income were inversely correlated with neoplasm-related mortality rate, varying by race/ethnicity. Conclusions: Targeted, community-specific interventions are required to reduce inequities in cancer outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiMariko en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakoNanami en-aut-sei=Sako en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=VuQuynh Thi en-aut-sei=Vu en-aut-mei=Quynh Thi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=DuraniUrshila en-aut-sei=Durani en-aut-mei=Urshila kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnsellStephen M. en-aut-sei=Ansell en-aut-mei=Stephen M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=CerhanJames R. en-aut-sei=Cerhan en-aut-mei=James R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=healthcare disparities kn-keyword=healthcare disparities en-keyword=disease kn-keyword=disease en-keyword=neoplasms/mortality kn-keyword=neoplasms/mortality en-keyword=regression analysis kn-keyword=regression analysis en-keyword=preventive health services kn-keyword=preventive health services en-keyword=mortality kn-keyword=mortality en-keyword=trends kn-keyword=trends END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=e70145 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260821 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transforming Life Science Through Chromosome‐Level Genome Assemblies en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Advances in long-read sequencing and Hi?C scaffolding have made chromosome-level genome assembly increasingly accessible to individual laboratories, shifting genome research from large consortium-led projects toward investigator-driven studies across diverse taxa. This transition allows researchers to select organisms based on biological questions rather than the prior availability of genomic resources. In this review, we summarize the core experimental and computational steps for generating, evaluating, and annotating chromosome-level assemblies, and examine how they have advanced research in non-model organisms and genetically complex systems. Representative case studies illustrate four major contributions: resolving structural variation and lineage-specific genome architecture, linking genome organization to phenotypic innovation and plasticity, reconstructing deep chromosome evolution and macrosynteny, and distinguishing homologous and homoeologous chromosomes in polyploid genomes. These examples show that chromosome-level assemblies provide more than complete reference sequences. They establish a continuous genomic coordinate system through which genes, regulatory elements, transposable element insertions, sequence variants, and cellular states can be interpreted within broader chromosomal, population, and evolutionary contexts. We describe this integrative perspective as “glocal biology.” Future progress will require pangenomic, population-scale, and haplotype-resolved resources integrated with multi-omics and functional analyses. Collectively, chromosome-level genomics is reshaping life science by embedding molecular functions within chromosomal and evolutionary contexts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonTetsuo en-aut-sei=Kon en-aut-mei=Tetsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKosuke en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Kosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=LuoYi‐Jyun en-aut-sei=Luo en-aut-mei=Yi‐Jyun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WibisanaJohannes Nicolaus en-aut-sei=Wibisana en-aut-mei=Johannes Nicolaus kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogaKouhei en-aut-sei=Toga en-aut-mei=Kouhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UnoNarumi en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Narumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MondenYuki en-aut-sei=Monden en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaMayuko en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Mayuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurosciences and Developmental Biology, University of Vienna kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Genomics and Regulatory Systems Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Laboratory of BioDX, PtBio Co‐Creation Research Center, Genome Editing Innovation Center, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Laboratory of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=chromosome-level genome assembly kn-keyword=chromosome-level genome assembly en-keyword=genome evolution kn-keyword=genome evolution en-keyword=Hi?C scaffolding kn-keyword=Hi?C scaffolding en-keyword=long-read sequencing kn-keyword=long-read sequencing en-keyword=non-model animals kn-keyword=non-model animals END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e202500237 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=NUAK2 Inhibition Enhances Macromolecular Drug Delivery in a 3D Fibrotic Model of the Pancreatic Tumor Microenvironment en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) features a fibrotic tumor microenvironment that impedes drug delivery and significantly limits the successful clinical application of nanomedicines. Targeting signaling in pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), which drive fibrosis via excessive secretion of extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen I, may be useful in overcoming this fibrotic barrier. The AMPK-related kinases NUAK1/2 have recently gained interest as promoters of fibrosis, but whether they play a profibrotic role in PSCs remains unknown. Here, patient PSCs are used to assess NUAK1/2 involvement in the PDAC fibrotic barrier. Leveraging a 3D cell culture model of PDAC fibrosis, the effect of targeting NUAK1/2 on the permeability of macromolecular dextrans of various sizes, as well as physiologically relevant macromolecules, albumin and IgG, and clinical nanomedicines, Doxil and Abraxane, is investigated. NUAK1/2 inhibition is shown to diminish collagen I to enhance macromolecular permeability, via a mechanism independent of established pathways involving transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and yes-associated protein (YAP). Through isoform-specific knockdown, predominant NUAK2 involvement is demonstrated. Mechanistically, actin stress fiber regulation by NUAK2 is shown to be important. Altogether, these results show in?vitro that NUAK2 promotes fibrotic signaling in PSCs and may be targeted to enhance macromolecular drug delivery in PDAC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakamuraMisaki en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Misaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHiroyoshi Y. en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhiraMayu en-aut-sei=Ohira en-aut-mei=Mayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ohta‐OkanoHaruko en-aut-sei=Ohta‐Okano en-aut-mei=Haruko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraReika en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Reika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SenoYu en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YaraSaaya en-aut-sei=Yara en-aut-mei=Saaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaSakura en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Sakura kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataDaichi en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Daichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoMasaya en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsadaKensuke en-aut-sei=Osada en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=CabralHoracio en-aut-sei=Cabral en-aut-mei=Horacio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasamuneAtsushi en-aut-sei=Masamune en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoMitsunobu R. en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Mitsunobu R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Materials Processing Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST) kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Bioengineering Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Division of Gastroenterology Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Biomedicine Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=fibrosis kn-keyword=fibrosis en-keyword=nanomedicine kn-keyword=nanomedicine en-keyword=NUAK kinase kn-keyword=NUAK kinase en-keyword=pancreatic cancer kn-keyword=pancreatic cancer en-keyword=tumor microenvironment kn-keyword=tumor microenvironment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=12 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260707 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Knockout analysis of period and timeless and EGFP-based visualization of per-expressing clock cells in the cricket circadian clock en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the present study, we generated crickets with knockout of either period (per) or timeless (tim) gene by CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing. We also identified a naturally occurring per- mutant lacking a large coding region including PAS domains. To examine possible synergistic effects, a per- and timKO double mutant was generated by applying genome editing to the per- crickets. Under constant darkness (DD), timKO crickets exhibited a locomotor rhythm with a free-running period of 23.06?±?0.20?h (mean?±?SD), which was significantly shorter than that of the parental strain (23.78?±?0.12?h). By contrast, perKO and per- crickets showed basically similar phenotype of locomotor rhythm: they exhibited an arrhythmic pattern during the first two to three weeks after transfer to DD but subsequently showed a complex rhythmic pattern with one or multiple components with significantly longer free-running periods (33.35?±?10.72?h). In the per-;timKO double mutants, approximately 60% of individuals became arrhythmic, while the remaining 40% exhibited complex rhythms with extremely longer free-running periods (37.0?±?9.17?h) under DD. These results suggest the existence of an underlying oscillatory mechanism that is responsible for regulating locomotor rhythms independently of the canonical per/tim feedback loop. Furthermore, we generated a reporter line on a per? background by knocking egfp into exon 1 of the per gene, allowing egfp expression to report per transcription. EGFP expression was detected in three distinct clusters of cells within the optic lobe: two located along the dorsal and ventral boundaries between the lamina and medulla neuropils, and one situated near the accessory medulla. These findings raise the possibility that these form part of the circadian clock network that governs circadian locomotor rhythms. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji en-aut-sei=Tomioka en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueShintaro en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitoTaro en-aut-sei=Mito en-aut-mei=Taro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriyamaYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Moriyama en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiiTaishi en-aut-sei=Yoshii en-aut-mei=Taishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Natural Sciences, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Circadian clock kn-keyword=Circadian clock en-keyword=Cricket kn-keyword=Cricket en-keyword=Genome editing kn-keyword=Genome editing en-keyword=Locomotor rhythm kn-keyword=Locomotor rhythm en-keyword=period kn-keyword=period en-keyword=per-less oscillation kn-keyword=per-less oscillation en-keyword=timeless kn-keyword=timeless END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=82 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=26-1707 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Bayesian Approach to ADC-to-Dose Conversion in Radiochromic Film Dosimetry kn-title=ベイズ推定を用いたラジオクロミックフィルムのADC値?線量変換法 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Purpose: Radiochromic film is widely used for patient-specific intensity-modulated radiation therapy quality assurance (IMRT QA) because of its high spatial resolution. However, calibration for converting pixel values to dose requires irradiation at multiple known dose levels, resulting in a substantial workload. Consequently, in some institutions, calibration is performed only under limited circumstances, such as when the film lot changes. This study aimed to develop and validate a Bayesian inference model that estimates the calibration curve using previously acquired calibration datasets together with the unirradiated pixel value of the target film, thereby improving the efficiency of the calibration process. Methods: A total of 93 calibration datasets acquired using TomoHD were analyzed. A quadratic polynomial regression model was constructed with dose and elapsed time from irradiation to scanning as explanatory variables. Separate models were developed for each scanner orientation (portrait and landscape), and the intercept was estimated using the unirradiated pixel value of the target film. Bayesian inference was performed using Stan, and model convergence was evaluated by trace plots and the Rhat statistic. Model performance was validated using 10 EBT4 films from a different lot by comparing predicted and measured pixel values and evaluating dose errors. Results: All models showed good convergence, with Rhat values below 1.01. For the validation films, the pixel value error was less than 3.6%, and the coefficient of determination (R2) exceeded 0.99. The mean dose error was 2.7±1.3?cGy at 24.0?cGy and 37.5±12.8?cGy at 868.2?cGy. The maximum dose error was 66.6?cGy at 710.6?cGy. Conclusion: The proposed method demonstrated the feasibility of estimating the calibration curve using previously acquired calibration datasets and the unirradiated pixel value of the target film. This approach has the potential to improve the efficiency of radiochromic film calibration. Future studies should apply this method to patient-specific IMRT QA and investigate its impact on dose distribution evaluation. kn-abstract=【目的】ラジオクロミックフィルムは高い空間分解能を有することから，患者別IMRT品質保証（IMRT QA）に広く利用されている．一方，ピクセル値を線量へ変換するためのキャリブレーションには，複数の既知線量で照射したフィルムが必要であり，作業負担が大きいことから，施設によってはフィルムロット変更時などに限定して実施される場合がある．本研究では，過去のキャリブレーションデータセットと対象フィルムの未照射時ピクセル値を用いてキャリブレーション曲線を推定するベイズ推定モデルを構築し，キャリブレーション作業の効率化を目的としてその有用性を検証した．【方法】TomoHDを用いて取得した93組のキャリブレーションデータセットを解析対象とした．線量および照射からスキャンまでの経過時間を説明変数とする二次多項式回帰モデルを構築した．モデルはスキャナの読み取り方向（縦方向・横方向）ごとに作成し，対象フィルムの未照射時ピクセル値を切片項として推定した．ベイズ推定にはStanを用い，トレースプロットおよびRhat統計量により収束性を評価した．更にモデル性能の評価には，異なるロットのEBT4フィルム10枚を用いて予測ピクセル値と実測値を比較するとともに，線量誤差を評価した．【結果】すべてのモデルでRhatは1.01未満を示し，良好な収束性が確認された．検証用フィルムでは，ピクセル値の誤差は3.6%未満，決定係数（R2）は0.99以上であった．また，線量誤差は24?cGyで平均2.7?cGy（SD 1.3），868.2?cGyで平均37.5?cGy（SD 12.8）であり，最大線量誤差は710.6?cGyにおいて66.6?cGyであった．【結語】本手法は，過去のキャリブレーションデータセットと対象フィルムの未照射時ピクセル値を用いてキャリブレーション曲線を推定できる可能性を示した．また，ラジオクロミックフィルムのキャリブレーション作業の効率化に寄与する可能性が示唆された．今後は患者別IMRT QAに適用し，線量分布評価への影響を検証する必要がある． en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanimotoYuki en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name=谷本 祐樹 kn-aut-sei=谷本 kn-aut-mei=祐樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoKohei en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name=杉本 昂平 kn-aut-sei=杉本 kn-aut-mei= 昂平 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamoriMasahide en-aut-sei=Tamori en-aut-mei=Masahide kn-aut-name=田盛 雅英 kn-aut-sei=田盛 kn-aut-mei=雅英 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YatsukiMiho en-aut-sei=Yatsuki en-aut-mei=Miho kn-aut-name=八木 美保 kn-aut-sei=八木 kn-aut-mei=美保 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaShohei en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name=吉田 昌平 kn-aut-sei=吉田 kn-aut-mei= 昌平 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaharaKazuma en-aut-sei=Sugahara en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name=菅原 一真 kn-aut-sei=菅原 kn-aut-mei=一真 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OitaMasataka en-aut-sei=Oita en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name=笈田 将皇 kn-aut-sei=笈田 kn-aut-mei=将皇 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiology, NHO Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil=NHO岩国医療センター放射線科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare kn-affil=川崎医療福祉大学医療技術学部診療放射線技術学科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, NHO Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center kn-affil=NHO呉医療センター・中国がんセンター中央放射線センター affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Radiology, NHO Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center kn-affil=NHO呉医療センター・中国がんセンター中央放射線センター affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiology, NHO Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center kn-affil=NHO呉医療センター・中国がんセンター中央放射線センター affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, NHO Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center kn-affil=NHO呉医療センター・中国がんセンター中央放射線センター affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院ヘルスシステム統合科学学域 en-keyword=radiation therapy kn-keyword=radiation therapy en-keyword=quality assurance kn-keyword=quality assurance en-keyword=patient-specific IMRT QA kn-keyword=patient-specific IMRT QA en-keyword=radiochromic film kn-keyword=radiochromic film en-keyword=Bayesian inference kn-keyword=Bayesian inference END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e71081 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=AHG1?AFP interaction as a regulatory node in the ABA response during seed germination en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Seed dormancy and germination are tightly regulated by complex signaling networks that integrate internal and external cues, including the endogenous phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). ABA HYPERSENSITIVE GERMINATION 1 (AHG1), a group A type 2C protein phosphatase (PP2C), is thought to modulate the activity of transcription factors such as ABA INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5) in seeds and during germination. AHG1 is regulated by DELAY OF GERMINATION 1 (DOG1), a key regulator of seed dormancy, through physical interaction. We previously reported that AHG1 also interacts with ABI FIVE BINDING PROTEIN 2 (AFP2), a member of the AFP family; however, the molecular basis of AHG1?AFP coordination has remained unclear. In this study, we show that AHG1 interacts with all AFP family members and that AFP3 binds AHG1 and ABI5 through adjacent but distinct amino acid residues within its C-domain, allowing simultaneous association with both proteins. In addition, AHG1 modulates the phosphorylation status of AFP3 at Ser60 in a DOG1-dependent manner, suggesting that DOG1?AHG1 regulates AFP3 post-translationally. Transcriptomic analyses of AHG1- or AFP3-overexpressing lines revealed that these factors are associated with the regulation of a shared set of ABA-responsive genes, including AFPs, and that AFP3 overexpression is predominantly associated with altered expression of genes involved in transcriptional regulation. Large-scale protein interaction analyses showed that AFPs interact with multiple classes of transcription factors, suggesting their involvement in diverse regulatory pathways, including ABA signaling. Together, these findings demonstrate that DOG1 regulates ABI5 function and modulates ABA responses, at least in part, by controlling AHG1-mediated dephosphorylation of AFPs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshiyamaSho en-aut-sei=Ushiyama en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtagiriMasato en-aut-sei=Otagiri en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohKouji en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Kouji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiNahomi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Nahomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IrisaTomoko en-aut-sei=Irisa en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsudaNobutaka en-aut-sei=Mitsuda en-aut-mei=Nobutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmezawaTaishi en-aut-sei=Umezawa en-aut-mei=Taishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraHideki en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NemotoKeiichirou en-aut-sei=Nemoto en-aut-mei=Keiichirou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuchiyaWataru en-aut-sei=Tsuchiya en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoRyoichi en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Ryoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawasakiTatsuya en-aut-sei=Sawasaki en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiToshimasa en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Toshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirayamaTakashi en-aut-sei=Hirayama en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Biomanufacturing Process Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Proteo-Science Center, PIAS, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Proteo-Science Center, PIAS, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Analysis National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Tsukuba Ibaraki 305‐8518 Japan kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= en-keyword=ABA kn-keyword=ABA en-keyword=AHG1 kn-keyword=AHG1 en-keyword=AFP kn-keyword=AFP en-keyword=ABI5 kn-keyword=ABI5 en-keyword=DOG1 kn-keyword=DOG1 en-keyword=seed dormancy kn-keyword=seed dormancy en-keyword=seed germination kn-keyword=seed germination en-keyword=Arabidopsis thaliana kn-keyword=Arabidopsis thaliana END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=384 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=114996 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Alternative transcription of the mouse Gh gene identifies an immune-associated transcript with species-specific structural divergence en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Growth hormone (GH) in mice is primarily expressed in the anterior pituitary, although Gh expression has been reported in extrapituitary tissues, including immune organs. However, the structure of immune-associated Gh transcripts remains poorly characterized. To determine whether splenic Gh transcripts differ from pituitary Gh mRNA, 5′- and 3′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) analyses were performed. While 3′ RACE showed a shared polyadenylation site, 5′ RACE identified a novel exon located approximately 2 kb upstream of the conventional exon 1, generating a transcript (spl-Gh mRNA) with a distinct first exon but shared downstream exons with pituitary Gh mRNA (pit-Gh mRNA). RT-PCR analysis revealed that spl-Gh mRNA is predominantly expressed in immune tissues such as spleen and bone marrow, and its distribution did not correlate with Pit-1 mRNA expression. Quantitative RT-PCR further demonstrated that spl-Gh mRNA was expressed at levels comparable to those of pit-Gh mRNA in the mouse spleen, indicating that spl-Gh is one of the major Gh transcript forms in this tissue. Sequence analysis indicated that spl-Gh mRNA is predicted to retain coding potential for a GH protein. Comparative genomic analyses further demonstrated that genomic features associated with the spl-Gh transcriptional unit are conserved only in a subset of closely related Mus species. In contrast, although a spl-Gh?related transcript was detected in rat spleen, no properly spliced mouse-like transcript was identified under the present experimental conditions. The detected transcript exhibited intron retention and an in-frame stop codon, suggesting that it is unlikely to produce a functional GH protein. These findings identify a distinct immune-associated Gh transcript generated through alternative transcription of the mouse Gh gene and suggest that immune-associated Gh transcriptional mechanisms have undergone species-specific divergence among rodents. Together, these findings reveal previously unrecognized complexity in Gh gene regulation and highlight species-specific differences in immune-associated Gh transcripts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukushimaAi en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiYu en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuchiHibiki en-aut-sei=Fukuchi en-aut-mei=Hibiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=EgoshiSakura en-aut-sei=Egoshi en-aut-mei=Sakura kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoHirotaka en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AizawaSayaka en-aut-sei=Aizawa en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiSakae en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Sakae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Growth hormone kn-keyword=Growth hormone en-keyword=Alternative transcription kn-keyword=Alternative transcription en-keyword=Immune-associated transcript kn-keyword=Immune-associated transcript en-keyword=Extrapituitary expression kn-keyword=Extrapituitary expression en-keyword=Species-specific divergence kn-keyword=Species-specific divergence en-keyword=Mouse kn-keyword=Mouse END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=165 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=074308 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260821 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=High-resolution analysis of the S1?S0 transition of magnesium phthalocyanine: Rotational structure and electronic angular momentum en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report a high-resolution spectroscopic analysis of the S1?S0 transition of magnesium phthalocyanine (MgPc), obtained by probing buffer-gas-cooled molecules with a narrow-linewidth laser. The observed spectrum exhibits a characteristic three-peak pattern, which is well reproduced by modeling MgPc as an oblate symmetric top with D4h symmetry. A key result of this work is that the spectrum is strongly influenced by electronic Coriolis coupling, which is associated with electronic angular momentum. The electronic Coriolis constant is determined to be ?2, indicating an effective orbital angular momentum of about 2 in the excited S1 state, originating from the π-conjugated ring excitation. This provides a direct spectroscopic signature of electronic angular momentum in a large polyatomic molecule. The presence of nonzero electronic orbital angular momentum is qualitatively consistent with the perimeter model of phthalocyanines. The value lies within the range inferred from previous magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) studies. Compared with the previous MCD estimate, the present analysis provides a more state-specific and narrower constraint, demonstrating that high-resolution spectroscopy enables direct access to electronic and magnetic properties beyond conventional structural characterization. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyamotoYuki en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnomotoKatsunari en-aut-sei=Enomoto en-aut-mei=Katsunari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwakuniKana en-aut-sei=Iwakuni en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KumaSusumu en-aut-sei=Kuma en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKoichi M. T. en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Koichi M. T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Toyama kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Physics, Rikkyo University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=13 article-no= start-page=4866 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260623 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Changing Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Burden in North Africa and the Middle East, 1990?2023: A Joinpoint Analysis of GBD 2023 Data en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden decreased in the North Africa and Middle East (NAME) region between 1990 and 2019. This study used Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 data to examine whether trends in mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), incidence, and prevalence continued through 2023 across all 21 NAME countries. Methods: We analysed age-standardised CVD mortality, incidence, prevalence, and DALY rates from 1990 to 2023. Joinpoint regression identified changes in temporal trends and calculated the annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Age-standardised CVD mortality decreased from 579.6 per 100,000 in 1990 to 358.2 in 2023 (AAPC: ?1.42%; 95% CI: ?1.48 to ?1.35). However, no significant reduction occurred between 2019 and 2023 (APC: ?0.33%; 95% CI: ?1.37 to 1.75). DALY, incidence, and prevalence rates followed similar patterns, with no significant decline in the final years of this study. Egypt was the only country with a long-term increase in CVD mortality, which accelerated after 2020 (APC: +5.20%; 95% CI: 1.20 to 12.87). High systolic blood pressure, dietary risks, lead exposure, and air pollution were the leading modifiable risk factors. Conclusions: The earlier decline in CVD burden in the NAME region did not clearly continue after 2019. The region is currently off track to meet Sustainable Development Goal 3.4 by 2030. Future progress may depend on improved blood pressure control, lipid management, dietary habits, and environmental risk reduction. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OuddoudHanane en-aut-sei=Ouddoud en-aut-mei=Hanane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LescanoJudah Israel Ong en-aut-sei=Lescano en-aut-mei=Judah Israel Ong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BelangoyKeith Pardillada en-aut-sei=Belangoy en-aut-mei=Keith Pardillada kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=VuQuynh Thi en-aut-sei=Vu en-aut-mei=Quynh Thi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataNaohiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaTatsuaki en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Tatsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=cardiovascular diseases kn-keyword=cardiovascular diseases en-keyword=global burden of disease kn-keyword=global burden of disease en-keyword=North Africa and Middle East kn-keyword=North Africa and Middle East en-keyword=risk factors kn-keyword=risk factors en-keyword=joinpoint regression kn-keyword=joinpoint regression END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=893 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural insights into tRNA recognition of the human FTSJ1-THADA complex en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=tRNA undergoes various post-transcriptional modifications in the anticodon loop. FTSJ1, a protein conserved among most eukaryotes, mediates 2’-O-methylations at position 32 (Nm32) or position 34 (Nm34), complexed with THADA or WDR6, respectively. These methylations are crucial for accurate translation and cellular growth. FTSJ1 mutations are associated with non-syndromic X-linked intellectual disability. Although the structure of the FTSJ1-WDR6 complex in yeast has been solved, the structural details of the FTSJ1-THADA complex formation and substrate recognition remain unclear. Herein, using cryo-electron microscopy, we solve the high-resolution structure of FTSJ1-THADA with or without a tRNA substrate. FTSJ1 binds to THADA via its C-terminal region, with a unique interaction mode distinct from the FTSJ1-WDR6 complex. The tRNA substrate is anchored inside THADA, and key THADA residues for THADA-tRNA interaction are identified via structural and biochemical analyses. These findings demonstrate how FTSJ1 and THADA form a complex to mediate Nm32 modification in various tRNAs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshiguroKensuke en-aut-sei=Ishiguro en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimuraAtsushi en-aut-sei=Fujimura en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShirouzuMikako en-aut-sei=Shirouzu en-aut-mei=Mikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Laboratory for Protein Functional and Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cellular Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratory for Protein Functional and Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=193 end-page=195 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202405 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hormonal changes revealed by selective arterial calcium injection tests in patients with insulinoma treated with EUS?guided ethanol injection en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomatsubaraMotoshi en-aut-sei=Komatsubara en-aut-mei=Motoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiKenichi en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoHironari en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Hironari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtukaMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Otuka en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Endocrinology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e70025 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202505 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Polished Rice Regulates Maturation but Not Survival of Secondary Cells in Drosophila Male Accessory Gland en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In Drosophila males, the accessory gland is responsive to nutrient signal-dependent regulation of fertility/fecundity. The accessory gland is composed of two types of binucleated epithelial cells, about 1000 main cells and 60 secondary cells (SCs). The transcription factors Defective proventriculus (Dve), Abdominal-B, and Ecdysone receptors (EcRs) are strongly expressed in adult SCs. In response to nutrient conditions during development, coordinated action between Dve and ecdysone signaling determines the optimal number of SCs and regulates their maturation. A downstream effector of ecdysone signaling, Ftz-F1, is crucial in this process. Another downstream effector, Polished rice (Pri), is small peptides of 11 or 32 amino acids. Here we show that pri is required for maturation of SCs and for male fecundity, whereas it is not involved in determination of the number of SCs. We provide evidence that Pri acts downstream of Ftz-F1 to regulate maturation but not survival of SCs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsuneShinichi en-aut-sei=Otsune en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsukaMirai en-aut-sei=Matsuka en-aut-mei=Mirai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShirakashiChisato en-aut-sei=Shirakashi en-aut-mei=Chisato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangXuanshuo en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Xuanshuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagoshiHideki en-aut-sei=Nakagoshi en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Drosophila kn-keyword=Drosophila en-keyword=ecdysone kn-keyword=ecdysone en-keyword=fecundity kn-keyword=fecundity en-keyword=fertility kn-keyword=fertility en-keyword=nutrition kn-keyword=nutrition en-keyword=steroid kn-keyword=steroid END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13203 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250416 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Amyloid-forming property of the N-terminal 1?70 residues of human apolipoprotein A-IV en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV), the largest member of the exchangeable apolipoprotein family, is a common constituent of amyloid deposits in renal and cardiac amyloidosis. In this study, we characterized the aggregation propensity of the apoA-IV N-terminal fragment to form amyloid fibrils using a variety of biophysical techniques. Thioflavin T fluorescence assay, circular dichroism measurement, and microscopic observations revealed that the N-terminal 1?70 amino acid fragment of apoA-IV readily forms amyloid fibrils by a transition from a random coil to a β-sheet-rich structure. Sequence-based analysis indicated that residues 7?16 and 38?42 are the major aggregation-prone segments within the N-terminal 1?70 residues of apoA-IV. Consistent with this, deletion of these residues strongly inhibited the β-transition and fibril formation of apoA-IV 1?70. Kinetic and thermodynamic analyses of fibril formation by the apoA-IV 1?70 fragment demonstrated that primary nucleation is the dominant step in fibril formation, for which the activation energy barrier is entirely entropic. In addition, we found that the presence of heparin, a representative glycosaminoglycan, accelerated fibril formation kinetics and enhanced the yield of apoA-IV 1?70 fibrils, and the positively charged residues K58-K59 play a critical role in heparin interaction. Overall, our results suggest that the strong amyloid-forming propensity of the N-terminal fragment of apoA-IV may play a key role in amyloid deposition associated with apoA-IV amyloidosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NambaNorihiro en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Norihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=DanjoTokiko en-aut-sei=Danjo en-aut-mei=Tokiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitagawaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoYoshito en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhgitaTakashi en-aut-sei=Ohgita en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimanouchiToshinori en-aut-sei=Shimanouchi en-aut-mei=Toshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Center for Instrumental Analysis, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= en-keyword=Apolipoprotein A-IV kn-keyword=Apolipoprotein A-IV en-keyword=Aggregation kn-keyword=Aggregation en-keyword=Amyloid fibril kn-keyword=Amyloid fibril en-keyword=Heparin kn-keyword=Heparin END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1680076 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prolonged TNF-α stimulation induces a PD-1?associated exhaustion-like phenotype in mesenchymal stromal cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases because of their potent immunomodulatory properties. Although acute inflammation transiently enhances MSC functionality, the impact of chronic inflammatory exposure remains poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the effects of sustained TNF-α stimulation and indirect co-culture with M1 macrophages on MSC behavior. Comprehensive gene expression profiling was performed to assess the changes in immunoregulatory, apoptotic, and metabolic pathways. To determine functional reversibility, we also evaluated MSCs following the withdrawal of TNF-α. Short-term exposure led to upregulation of Tgf-β, Il-10, and Fasl, whereas prolonged stimulation suppressed these genes and significantly increased the expression of immune checkpoint genes Pd-1 and Ctla-4, indicative of an exhaustion-like phenotype. This phenotypic shift was associated with sustained NF-κB activation, upregulation of Stat3 and Ap-1, suppression of mTORC1/2 components, decreased Pd-l1 expression, and increased Pd-1 expression, raising the possibility that PD-1 upregulation is associated with MSC dysfunction under chronic inflammatory stress. These findings revealed that prolonged stimulation (48 h) induces an exhaustion-like dysfunction state in MSCs, characterized by checkpoint activation, transcriptional repression, and metabolic dysfunction. PD-1 may serve as a biomarker associated with inflammation-induced MSC impairment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsunagaNaoya en-aut-sei=Matsunaga en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkiyamaKentaro en-aut-sei=Akiyama en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunAung Ye en-aut-sei=Mun en-aut-mei=Aung Ye kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZouTinling en-aut-sei=Zou en-aut-mei=Tinling kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoKazuki en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TagashiraRuji en-aut-sei=Tagashira en-aut-mei=Ruji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=immune checkpoint kn-keyword=immune checkpoint en-keyword=immunoregulatory dysfunction kn-keyword=immunoregulatory dysfunction en-keyword=mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) kn-keyword=mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) en-keyword=prolonged inflammatory stimulation kn-keyword=prolonged inflammatory stimulation en-keyword=TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) kn-keyword=TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=62 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1352 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260713 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Diabetes Burden in the Middle East and North Africa Region, 1990?2023: An Ecological Time-Trend Analysis of GBD Estimates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background and Objectives: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has one of the highest age-standardized diabetes prevalence rates globally, yet all-age, diabetes-specific evidence incorporating GBD 2023 estimates through 2023 remains limited. Materials and Methods: Using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 estimates for 21 MENA countries from 1990 to 2023, this ecological time-trend analysis quantified 33-year trends in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs); compared pre-2019 and post-2019 trajectories using joinpoint regression; characterized age- and sex-specific burden patterns; and quantified contributions of modifiable risk factors. Results: Age-standardized incidence increased 92%, from 251.7 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 231.5 to 272.4) to 482.5 (95% UI: 451.5 to 516.4) per 100,000, and prevalence more than doubled, from 5564 (95% UI: 5088 to 6024) to 11,247 (95% UI: 10,382 to 12,132) per 100,000. In 2023, males exhibited higher DALY rates than females in most adult age groups from age 15 years onward, shifting away from the female-predominant pattern seen in 1990; female rates remained higher at several of the oldest age groups. Children aged 0 to 14 years were the only group with declining DALY rates (?52% to ?57%). Post-2019 incidence was higher in 15 of 21 countries, and six countries had higher DALY trends with non-overlapping confidence intervals. Because we only have four to five years of data, these short trends are preliminary and require care when evaluating. High body-mass index was the leading modifiable risk factor. Conclusions: These data support country-specific prevention and chronic-care strategies across the MENA region. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OuddoudHanane en-aut-sei=Ouddoud en-aut-mei=Hanane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LescanoJudah Israel Ong en-aut-sei=Lescano en-aut-mei=Judah Israel Ong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BelangoyKeith Pardillada en-aut-sei=Belangoy en-aut-mei=Keith Pardillada kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaKo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=VuQuynh Thi en-aut-sei=Vu en-aut-mei=Quynh Thi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataNaohiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashionnaTsukasa en-aut-sei=Higashionna en-aut-mei=Tsukasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaTatsuaki en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Tatsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Pharmacy, Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=GBD 2023 kn-keyword=GBD 2023 en-keyword=diabetes mellitus kn-keyword=diabetes mellitus en-keyword=Middle East and North Africa kn-keyword=Middle East and North Africa en-keyword=joinpoint regression kn-keyword=joinpoint regression en-keyword=cardiovascular risk factors kn-keyword=cardiovascular risk factors en-keyword=epidemiology kn-keyword=epidemiology en-keyword=public health kn-keyword=public health END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260625 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Identification of Critical Amino Acid Residues Required for the Polar Localization of a Rice Manganese Transporter en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rice has developed an efficient system for manganese (Mn) uptake, mediated by two distinct transporters, OsNramp5 and OsMTP9. These transporters exhibit polar localization at the root exodermis and endodermis; however, the mechanisms underlying their polar localization and their role in Mn uptake remain unclear. Here, we identified key amino acid residues critical for the polar localization of OsNramp5 at the distal side. Through analysis of chimeric proteins between OsNramp5 and its non-polar homologues, we found that the C-terminal cytosolic region of OsNramp5 is essential for its polar localization. Site-directed mutagenesis further revealed that aspartate 500 and four valine residues at positions 494, 495, 498 and 506 are crucial for polarity. Substitution of these valine residues with isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, or threonine partially or fully maintained polar localization, whereas substitution with alanine, serine, or asparagine resulted in loss of polarity. These findings suggest that β-branching and high hydrophobicity of amino acid side chains are likely required for OsNramp5 polarity. Furthermore, we found that adaptor protein 2-dependent clathrin-mediated endocytosis is not involved in the polar localization of OsNramp5. Finally, we provided experimental evidence showing the significant role of OsNramp5 polarity in efficient Mn uptake in rice; plants expressing non-polarly localized OsNramp5 exhibited reduced Mn uptake compared to those with polarly localized OsNramp5. In addition, we found that cadmium accumulation in shoots could be reduced by manipulating OsNramp5 polarity in combination with its overexpression, without a growth penalty. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonishiNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaJian Feng en-aut-sei=Ma en-aut-mei=Jian Feng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=amino acid residue kn-keyword=amino acid residue en-keyword=clathrin-mediated endocytosis kn-keyword=clathrin-mediated endocytosis en-keyword=Mn kn-keyword=Mn en-keyword=OsNramp5 kn-keyword=OsNramp5 en-keyword=polar localization kn-keyword=polar localization en-keyword=rice kn-keyword=rice en-keyword=root kn-keyword=root en-keyword=transporter kn-keyword=transporter END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=358 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=104018 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202612 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Revisiting particle formation beyond classical nucleation: A unified classification framework for nonclassical pathways en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Particle formation is pervasive in both nature and technology, shaping environmental and biological phenomena while underpinning a broad range of industrial products. A mechanistic understanding of particle formation is therefore important both for fundamental science and for the design of particle properties. It is now well established that particle formation can proceed through diverse pathways beyond classical one-step nucleation. At the same time, the proliferation of reported nonclassical pathways has blurred the distinctions among mechanistic categories and obscured their underlying relationships. In this review, we revisit the development of concepts in particle formation pathways and present a unified perspective on this increasingly complex mechanistic landscape. To this end, we classify the nonclassical features of particle formation along three conceptual axes: stepwise transitions between phases or phase-like fluctuations, chemically driven formation of structural units, and aggregation-dominant nucleation and growth processes. This framework places diverse pathways within a common three-dimensional space referenced to classical nucleation, providing a basis for comparing apparently distinct mechanisms within a single picture. We further discuss representative theoretical descriptions in relation to these axes and outline future challenges. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IidaYuya en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Yuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeSatoshi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kyoto University kn-affil= en-keyword=Particle formation pathway kn-keyword=Particle formation pathway en-keyword=Nucleation kn-keyword=Nucleation en-keyword=Crystallization kn-keyword=Crystallization en-keyword=Pre-nucleation cluster kn-keyword=Pre-nucleation cluster en-keyword=Two-step nucleation kn-keyword=Two-step nucleation en-keyword=Aggregation kn-keyword=Aggregation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=101308 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202510 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Inhibition of Scarb1 on Endothelial Cells Attenuates Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure Progression en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Inappropriate endothelial cell (EC) interactions contribute to heart failure; however, their precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated EC-fibroblast interactions mediated by Scarb1 using single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis in a mouse heart failure model. ECs exhibited inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression, with Scarb1-mediated fibroblast-EC interactions driving disease progression. EC-specific Scarb1 knockout and systemic SCARB1 inhibition attenuated heart failure progression. In vitro and spatial omics analyses confirmed the role of SCARB1 in ECs and cell-cell interaction during heart failure progression. These findings highlight SCARB1 as a promising therapeutic target for EC-focused interventions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatsukiToshiomi en-aut-sei=Katsuki en-aut-mei=Toshiomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KusumotoDai en-aut-sei=Kusumoto en-aut-mei=Dai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkibaYohei en-aut-sei=Akiba en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraMai en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Mai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomuroJin en-aut-sei=Komuro en-aut-mei=Jin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraTakahiro en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoHisayuki en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Hisayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoukaThukaa en-aut-sei=Kouka en-aut-mei=Thukaa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaiKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Sugai en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsumataYoshinori en-aut-sei=Katsumata en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyasakaMasaki en-aut-sei=Miyasaka en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiYutaka en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuramotoJunko en-aut-sei=Kuramoto en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=IedaMasaki en-aut-sei=Ieda en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, the University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, the University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=endothelial cells kn-keyword=endothelial cells en-keyword=fibroblasts kn-keyword=fibroblasts en-keyword=heart failure kn-keyword=heart failure en-keyword=SCARB1 kn-keyword=SCARB1 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=122947 end-page=122962 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Novel Approximate Solution Method for Euclidean Steiner Tree Problem Based on Genetic Algorithm en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A novel approximate solution method for the Euclidean Steiner tree problem is proposed and its performance is demonstrated through experiments using 195 benchmark problem instances from the OR-Library. Given a finite number of terminal points, the proposed method first generates non-terminal points around each terminal point and at the same location as the Steiner point for each triangle obtained by the Delaunay triangulation for all terminal points. It next runs a genetic algorithm to select a subset of the generated non-terminal points, aiming to minimize the total edge length of a minimum spanning tree for all the terminal points and the selected non-terminal points. It then optimizes the locations of the non-terminal points in the tree using Weiszfeld’s method, while preserving the topology. It finally refines the tree by adding new non-terminal points, adding and removing edges, and optimizing the locations of all non-terminal points. The experimental results show that, among 150 benchmark problem instances with known optimal solutions, the proposed method successfully constructs a Euclidean Steiner tree for 61 instances. For the remaining 89 instances, it produces an approximate solution whose total edge lengths is less than 100.7% of the optimal. The experimental results also show that the proposed method obtains approximate solutions efficiently: within 1.5 seconds for instances with up to 100 terminal points and within 61 seconds for instances with up to 1,000 terminal points. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhangLiping en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Liping kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MigitaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Migita en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiNorikazu en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Norikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Combinatorial optimization kn-keyword=Combinatorial optimization en-keyword=genetic algorithm kn-keyword=genetic algorithm en-keyword=Fermat problem kn-keyword=Fermat problem en-keyword=Weiszfeld’s method kn-keyword=Weiszfeld’s method en-keyword=Delaunay triangulation kn-keyword=Delaunay triangulation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=131 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e2025JB033593 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Fluorine on the Stability of Dense Hydrous Mg Silicates With Implications for the Deep Water Cycle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Water is believed to be transported, at least locally, into the Earth's deep mantle via hydrous minerals. Fluorine not only tends to interact with water but also influences the stability of hydrous minerals. Thus, knowledge of its stability could be important in understanding the deep-water cycle. In this study, we conducted high-pressure experiments to investigate the stability of dense hydrous Mg silicates in the presence of fluorine at pressures ranging from 9 to 23 GPa. In the presence of even small amounts of fluorine, clinohumite or phase E survives up to approximately 17 GPa, allowing it to exist without dehydration at temperatures by about 200°C higher than a fluorine-free system. At pressures above 18 GPa, superhydrous phase B stabilizes as a major fluorine host. Fluorine partitions very little into phase D, leaving its stability field unchanged, but the stability field of superhydrous phase B extends to temperatures above 1400°C, thereby enabling the hydrous phase in the dragged wedge mantle just above the slab to have transport potential into the lower mantle. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshinoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiaoYunfan en-aut-sei=Miao en-aut-mei=Yunfan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SajiSatheesh T. en-aut-sei=Saji en-aut-mei=Satheesh T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkutaDaijo en-aut-sei=Ikuta en-aut-mei=Daijo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoNozomi en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Nozomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HeXuejing en-aut-sei=He en-aut-mei=Xuejing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunihiroTakuya en-aut-sei=Kunihiro en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Geochemical Research Center Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=dense hydrous Mg silicates kn-keyword=dense hydrous Mg silicates en-keyword=fluorine kn-keyword=fluorine en-keyword=water kn-keyword=water en-keyword=transition zone kn-keyword=transition zone en-keyword=superhydrous phase B kn-keyword=superhydrous phase B en-keyword=phase relation kn-keyword=phase relation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=131 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e2026JB034225 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260816 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spin Transition of Ferric Iron in Silicate Glasses Inferred by High‐Pressure Electrical Conductivity Measurements en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Silicate melt has been proposed to exist near the base of the mantle and has been invoked to explain seismic and electrical conductivity anomalies observed near the core-mantle boundary; however, its presence and stability under lowermost-mantle conditions remain uncertain. Here we report high-pressure electrical conductivity measurements of Fe2+- and Fe3+-bearing pyroxene glasses (Fe3+/ΣFe ? 0.5), used as analogs of silicate melts, up to megabar pressures at room temperature. At lower pressures, conductivity increases with pressure and iron content, consistent with electron-hole hopping between Fe2+ and Fe3+. Above 77?85 GPa, all samples show a marked conductivity decrease, suggesting a pressure-induced spin transition of Fe3+. Previous studies have suggested that lower-mantle silicate melts may be enriched in Fe3+, and iron spin-state changes may modify iron partitioning between silicate melts and coexisting crystalline phases. Therefore, the Fe3+ spin transition inferred here may affect the evolution of deep-mantle melts through pressure-dependent changes in iron partitioning behavior. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MashinoIzumi en-aut-sei=Mashino en-aut-mei=Izumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaoShinji en-aut-sei=Kitao en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuiTakaya en-aut-sei=Mitsui en-aut-mei=Takaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaRyo en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SetoMakoto en-aut-sei=Seto en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Kansai Photon Science Institute, Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= en-keyword=high pressure kn-keyword=high pressure en-keyword=electrical conductivity kn-keyword=electrical conductivity en-keyword=silicate glass kn-keyword=silicate glass en-keyword=diamond anvil cell kn-keyword=diamond anvil cell en-keyword=the Earth's mantle kn-keyword=the Earth's mantle en-keyword=ferric iron kn-keyword=ferric iron END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260711 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical utility of diagnosing Lynch syndrome in gynecologic oncology: a joint statement from four Japanese academic societies en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndrome, associated with substantially increased risks of colorectal and gynecologic malignancies. Endometrial cancer may serve as a sentinel cancer for LS, placing gynecologists and gynecologic oncologists in a key position for early recognition and long-term management. This joint statement was developed through a multidisciplinary process involving the Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology, the Japan Society of Clinical Oncology, the Japanese Society of Hereditary Tumors, and the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum. It aims to clarify the clinical utility of diagnosing LS in gynecologic oncology within the Japanese healthcare system. We outline a tumor-first paradigm in which universal mismatch repair immunohistochemistry and/or microsatellite instability testing for endometrial cancer facilitates LS detection and provides actionable biomarkers for systemic therapy. This statement summarizes the clinical impact of LS diagnosis across gynecologic oncology. We highlight patterns of synchronous and metachronous malignancies and the prevalence of LS in ovarian cancer, particularly in endometrioid and clear?cell subtypes. We discuss surgical implications, including risk-reducing hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, consideration of concomitant gynecologic risk-reducing surgery during colorectal cancer resection, and individualized ovarian preservation in selected early-stage endometrial cancer or atypical endometrial hyperplasia. We also review the treatment relevance of deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite instability-high status for immune checkpoint inhibitors and emerging fertility-preserving approaches, and address surveillance, cascade testing for relatives, implementation barriers, and the need for multidisciplinary pathways and healthcare system?level support to ensure equitable access to genetic counseling and testing. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoShinya en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaKenta en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdaKatsutoshi en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Katsutoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwataTakeshi en-aut-sei=Kuwata en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiTatsuro en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Tatsuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirasawaAkira en-aut-sei=Hirasawa en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MandaiMasaki en-aut-sei=Mandai en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakayaKohji en-aut-sei=Tanakaya en-aut-mei=Kohji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaHideyuki en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoTakayuki en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoAikou en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Aikou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Integrative Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Genetic Medicine and Services, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Hereditary Tumors, Department of Genetic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genetics, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genetics, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanno Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare kn-affil= en-keyword=Lynch syndrome kn-keyword=Lynch syndrome en-keyword=Endometrial cancer kn-keyword=Endometrial cancer en-keyword=Ovarian cancer kn-keyword=Ovarian cancer en-keyword=Mismatch repair kn-keyword=Mismatch repair en-keyword=Microsatellite instability kn-keyword=Microsatellite instability en-keyword=Immune checkpoint inhibitor kn-keyword=Immune checkpoint inhibitor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e0356180 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260813 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Study protocol: Effect of inulin supplementation on gut microbiota in patients with oral lichen planus ? A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled parallel-group trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa characterised by immune dysregulation, but its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood and no curative treatment has been established. Our previous work showed that patients with oral lichen planus exhibit gut dysbiosis, including reduced microbial diversity and depletion of butyrate-producing bacteria. Because butyrate promotes regulatory T-cell differentiation and supports immune homeostasis, targeting this dysbiosis may represent a microbiota-directed approach for immune modulation in oral lichen planus. This study aims to investigate the effects of inulin supplementation on the gut microbiota and related immune markers in patients with oral lichen planus. This multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled parallel-group trial will enrol 80 patients with oral lichen planus. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either inulin (8 g/day) or a maltose placebo for 4 weeks, in addition to standard care. The primary outcome is the change in the relative abundance of prespecified butyrate-producing gut bacteria from baseline to the end of intervention at Week 6. Secondary outcomes include changes in gut microbiota diversity, salivary microbiota composition, faecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations, peripheral blood regulatory T-cell counts, blood test parameters, and clinical symptoms of oral lichen planus. Analyses will follow the intention-to-treat principle, and between-group differences will be assessed using appropriate statistical methods. This trial is designed to evaluate, in a randomised placebo-controlled setting, whether a microbiota-directed intervention can modify gut microbial profiles and related immune markers in patients with oral lichen planus. The findings are expected to clarify whether inulin supplementation can modify gut microbial profiles and related immunological markers in patients with oral lichen planus. Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR), UMIN000060840, registered on 1 April 2026 (https://rctportal.mhlw.go.jp/detail/um?trial_id=UMIN000060840#). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NambuKoki en-aut-sei=Nambu en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanekoNaoki en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokomizoShiho en-aut-sei=Yokomizo en-aut-mei=Shiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenHu en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Hu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanLijing en-aut-sei=Yan en-aut-mei=Lijing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiyaoWang en-aut-sei=Shiyao en-aut-mei=Wang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShizumaRyusei en-aut-sei=Shizuma en-aut-mei=Ryusei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataEiji en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhyamaYukiko en-aut-sei=Ohyama en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagawaShohei en-aut-sei=Akagawa en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawanoShintaro en-aut-sei=Kawano en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriyamaMasafumi en-aut-sei=Moriyama en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=67 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=538 end-page=549 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Enhancement of antioxidant function in various organs in mice using combined thermal and radon inhalation treatment en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Enhancing antioxidant function is a key strategy for preventing and treating oxidative stress-related diseases. Radon inhalation and thermal treatment (TT) increase the levels of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD). The positive effects of this combination on pain-related diseases have been reported; however, few studies have elucidated the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we examined the enhancement of antioxidant function in various organs of mice subjected to combined TT and radon inhalation. The mice were placed in an incubator once daily for 40 min at 38.5 ± 0.5°C and treated for 1, 3 and 7 days. The mice then inhaled radon at a concentration of 2000 Bq/m3 for 24 h. The characteristic changes in antioxidant function following combined TT and radon inhalation could be categorized into four groups: (i) increased antioxidant function in the brain and colon; (ii) increased or decreased antioxidant function, as observed in the kidney; (iii) decreased antioxidant function, such as in the lungs and (iv) no changes, such as in the small intestine, spleen, pancreas, heart, liver and stomach. Additionally, SOD may be the antioxidant enzyme most sensitive to combined TT and radon treatment. Collectively, the combined treatment may be the most effective in activating antioxidative functions in the brain and colon. This study provides new insights into the effects of combined TT and radon inhalation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyanagaShogo en-aut-sei=Miyanaga en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaAyumi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakenakaReiju en-aut-sei=Takenaka en-aut-mei=Reiju kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaoeShota en-aut-sei=Naoe en-aut-mei=Shota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoShuna en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Shuna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoMitsuki en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Mitsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanoKotaro en-aut-sei=Tano en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanzakiNorie en-aut-sei=Kanzaki en-aut-mei=Norie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakodaAkihiro en-aut-sei=Sakoda en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaokaKiyonori en-aut-sei=Yamaoka en-aut-mei=Kiyonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=radon kn-keyword=radon en-keyword=thermal treatment kn-keyword=thermal treatment en-keyword=antioxidant function kn-keyword=antioxidant function en-keyword=oxidative stress kn-keyword=oxidative stress END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=e77709 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250120 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association Between Dinner-to-Bed Time and Gastroesophageal Reflux-Related Diseases in Children en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is characterized by esophageal mucosal injury due to the reflux of gastroduodenal contents. Typical symptoms include heartburn and acid regurgitation. In addition, gastroesophageal reflux (GER) can influence conditions such as otitis media, rhinitis, and asthma. This study aimed to examine the association between dinner-to-bed time and GER-related diseases, such as otitis media, allergic rhinitis, and asthma.
Methods: This was a longitudinal cohort study using secondary data. Data were collected from a large-scale birth cohort study conducted in Japan including babies born in 2001 and 2010. Dinner-to-bed time was categorized as “longer dinner-to-bed time" (>120 minutes), “shorter dinner-to-bed time" (?120 minutes or less), and “irregular dinner-to-bed time.” Modified Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate risk ratios (RRs).
Results: A total of 60,392 children were included in this study. Children with shorter dinner-to-bed time had a higher risk of asthma (adjusted RR (aRR)?=?1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-1.18) than those with longer dinner-to-bed time. However, no significant association was observed between shorter dinner-to-bed time and otitis media or allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, supplementary analyses revealed that the risk of asthma was significantly higher in children born in 2001 (aRR?=?1.13; 95% CI, 1.04-1.22).
Conclusion: This study showed that dinner-to-bed time within 120 minutes after dinner increases the risk of developing asthma. This underscores the importance of considering lifestyle modifications, as certain pediatric asthma cases may be influenced by behaviors that promote GER. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UraguchiKensuke en-aut-sei=Uraguchi en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaoSoshi en-aut-sei=Takao en-aut-mei=Soshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakiharaSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Makihara en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMizuo en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Mizuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=acute otitis media kn-keyword=acute otitis media en-keyword=allergic rhinitis (ar) kn-keyword=allergic rhinitis (ar) en-keyword=gastroesophageal reflux symptoms kn-keyword=gastroesophageal reflux symptoms en-keyword=pediatric asthma kn-keyword=pediatric asthma en-keyword=public health kn-keyword=public health END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cathodic AziridinationUsing Dichloramine-Tas a Nitrogen Source en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aziridines are valuable motifs in organic synthesis due to their biological activities and their utility as synthetic intermediates. Although electrochemical methods have been developed for aziridine synthesis, these approaches rely on anodic oxidation. This study reports the first cathodic reduction-promoted aziridine formation using dichloramine-T as a nitrogen source. The reaction conditions were optimized via Gaussian process regression. Overall, this strategy enables aziridine formation with broad substrate scope, providing a practical platform that expands the electrochemical synthesis toolbox. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoEisuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Eisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagamineKanon en-aut-sei=Nagamine en-aut-mei=Kanon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsudoKoichi en-aut-sei=Mitsudo en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaSeiji en-aut-sei=Suga en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=88 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Early-Stage Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Adolescents and Young Adults Compared with Older Patients Exhibits Distinct Clinicopathological Features en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose This study aimed to compare the clinicopathological features of stage I?II oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) between adolescents and young adults (AYAs) and older patients, and to identify prognostic factors in AYA OSCC.
Methods Forty-eight AYA patients aged 15?39 years and 69 older patients aged???65 years with surgically treated stage I?II OSCC were retrospectively analyzed. Histological evaluation, survival analysis, immunohistochemistry for p53, p16, and MTAP, high-risk HPV RNA in situ hybridization, and fluorescence in situ hybridization for CDKN2A and MTAP were performed.
Results Compared with older patients, OSCCs in AYAs were more frequently located on the tongue (93.7% vs. 47.8%) and more often exhibited a superficial spreading growth pattern (60.4% vs. 31.8%). AYA tumors more frequently showed modified WPOI-1, high tumor budding, and abnormal p53 immunophenotypes (85.4% vs. 68.1%). AYA patients showed significantly better overall and disease-free survival than older patients. Within the AYA group, depth of invasion (DOI)?>?5 mm was associated with distant metastasis and poorer overall and disease-free survival. Postoperative lymph node metastasis occurred in 31.2% of AYAs. Univariable analysis suggested that clinical stage II, tumor thickness?>?5 mm, DOI?>?5 mm, and tumor budding scores 1?2 were associated with postoperative lymph node metastasis. Molecular status, including p53, p16/CDKN2A, and MTAP, did not provide robust prognostic stratification.
Conclusion Early-stage AYA OSCC exhibits distinct clinicopathological features. DOI was the strongest prognostic indicator, whereas clinical stage, tumor thickness, and tumor budding may provide additional prognostic information regarding the risk of late nodal metastasis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OnoSawako en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Sawako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiroseKatsutoshi en-aut-sei=Hirose en-aut-mei=Katsutoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiHotaka en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Hotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeTatsuya en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SukegawaShintaro en-aut-sei=Sukegawa en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuiMasanori en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaChihoko en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Chihoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IsomuraMadoka en-aut-sei=Isomura en-aut-mei=Madoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TachibanaYuri en-aut-sei=Tachibana en-aut-mei=Yuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoJunya en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaKatsumitsu en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Katsumitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagatsukaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Nagatsuka en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHidetaka en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pathology Informatics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck kn-keyword=Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck en-keyword=Mouth neoplasms kn-keyword=Mouth neoplasms en-keyword=Adolescent kn-keyword=Adolescent en-keyword=Young adult kn-keyword=Young adult en-keyword=Prognosis kn-keyword=Prognosis en-keyword=Immunohistochemistry kn-keyword=Immunohistochemistry en-keyword=Tumor suppressor protein p53 kn-keyword=Tumor suppressor protein p53 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=1811 end-page=1822 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=ABA receptor isoforms differently regulate stomatal movements and generation of reactive oxygen species in ABA signaling in Arabidopsis guard cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ABA signaling in stomatal guard cells is crucial for plants to cope with abiotic stress condition. Pyrabactin is a synthetic agonist of ABA that has a selective affinity to limited isoforms of ABA receptors. Here, we investigated the differential utilization of downstream signaling events in guard cell ABA signaling under specific receptor isoforms taking advantage of pyrabactin affinity. Pyrabactin-induced stomatal closure as well as ABA, while it did not inhibit stomatal opening. Plasma membrane inwardly rectifying K+ channel was not regulated by pyrabactin, while H+-ATPase activation was negatively regulated by pyrabactin. Pharmacological and molecular genetic evidence supported that reactive oxygen species production occurred differentially between the closure-inducing and opening-inhibiting signals in guard cells. These findings offer a previously unidentified mechanism for ABA signaling events promoting closure induction and opening inhibition of stomata, which were distinct from each other and governed by different ABA receptor isoforms discriminable by their affinity for pyrabactin. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YinYe en-aut-sei=Yin en-aut-mei=Ye kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiYuki en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SirajamMonira en-aut-sei=Sirajam en-aut-mei=Monira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShaiekOumayma en-aut-sei=Shaiek en-aut-mei=Oumayma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunemasaShintaro en-aut-sei=Munemasa en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraYoshimasa en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaToshinori en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Toshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriIzumi C en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Izumi C kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=e70673 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Potential of quantitative X‐ray imaging from photon‐counting CT: A novel analysis based on effective atomic number and physical density en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Conventional CT assessment of lung lesions is based mainly on morphological features. CT values represent relative X-ray attenuation that does not directly reflect tissue composition and/or physical density. Quantitative imaging using photon-counting CT (PC-CT) has the potential to provide quantitative parameters, such as effective atomic number (Zeff) and effective physical density (ρeff).
Purpose: The purpose is to develop and demonstrate the potential of an algorithm that generates both the Zeff and ρeff images, derived directly from virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) acquired with a clinical PC-CT system.
Methods: The ρeff image was generated by fitting a database of mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ) to the measured linear attenuation coefficients (μ), which were obtained from two VMIs at 70 and 100 keV. As an effective material, Zeff information was also determined and fed back into the ρeff calculation. An in-house low-density phantom was scanned for quantitative evaluation of ρeff. In addition, to demonstrate the applicability of our procedure to actual clinical imaging, representative chest PC-CT images from patients were analyzed.
Results: In experiments using low-density phantoms, the CT values did not necessarily correlate with Zeff values, but they showed a very good correlation with the ρeff values. The ρeff values calculated using our procedure correlated well with the correct values of ρ. A relative root mean square error of ρeff calculation was 5.5%. Furthermore, we found that in pulmonary diagnosis, image contrast information from ρeff makes it easier to identify and distinguish lesions compared to that from Zeff.
Conclusions: The proposed procedure directly generated Zeff and ρeff images from PC-CT data and enabled quantitative interpretation of CT value in terms of elemental composition and physical density. In this study, the feasibility of generating Zeff and ρeff images was demonstrated. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsaharaTakashi en-aut-sei=Asahara en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigamiRina en-aut-sei=Nishigami en-aut-mei=Rina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimotoNatsumi en-aut-sei=Kimoto en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitaniMana en-aut-sei=Mitani en-aut-mei=Mana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimitsuYusuke en-aut-sei=Morimitsu en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiNoriaki en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigakiFumiyo en-aut-sei=Higaki en-aut-mei=Fumiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiological Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Junshin Gakuen University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=College of Transdisciplinary Sciences for Innovation Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan kn-affil= en-keyword=computed tomography kn-keyword=computed tomography en-keyword=density image kn-keyword=density image en-keyword=photon-counting kn-keyword=photon-counting en-keyword=virtual monoenergetic image kn-keyword=virtual monoenergetic image en-keyword=X-ray diagnosis kn-keyword=X-ray diagnosis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=302 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=113318 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Proton pump rhodopsins for optogenetic manipulation of biological activities and beyond en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Water (H2O), the principal component of living organisms including humans, dissociates into H+ and OH- in aqueous environments, and the resulting H+ concentration determines both cellular pH and the proton motive force (PMF) across cellular membranes. These physicochemical parameters are fundamental regulators of a wide range of biological processes. Optogenetics enables the manipulation of biological and cellular functions using light, typically through the ectopic expression of microbial rhodopsins as photoreceptive proteins in target cells or organs. This review provides a comprehensive overview of optogenetic studies employing H+ pump rhodopsins in diverse biological systems and highlights their growing relevance to neuroscience, cell biology, bioengineering, and therapeutic research. Notably, optical control of H+ concentration allows the precise modulation of neural and non-neural activities in animals and bacteria, highlighting the broad applicability and significant potential of H+ pump rhodopsins for optogenetics. Based on previous and current studies, we discuss how further expansion of the molecular toolkit of H+ pump rhodopsins could enable increasingly fine-tuned manipulation of intracellular pH dynamics and PMF for probing cellular physiology and designing next-generation therapeutic strategies and consider emerging directions that extend beyond classical optogenetics toward the optical control of bioenergetic and chemical processes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KojimaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InokuchiMiyu en-aut-sei=Inokuchi en-aut-mei=Miyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SudoYuki en-aut-sei=Sudo en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=H+ pump kn-keyword=H+ pump en-keyword=optogenetics kn-keyword=optogenetics en-keyword=pH kn-keyword=pH en-keyword=proton motive force kn-keyword=proton motive force en-keyword=retinal kn-keyword=retinal en-keyword=rhodopsin kn-keyword=rhodopsin END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=e70221 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photochemical Oxidative Esterification of Aldehydes with Radical-Sensitive Alcohols via C?H Bromination en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Photochemical esterification is an attractive strategy for the synthesis of multifunctionalized esters, and the use of aldehydes as substrates offers an alternative to conventional carboxylic acid?based approaches. In particular, reactions via acyl halide intermediates are useful for accessing functionalized esters; however, examples of such transformations remain limited so far, and their compatibility with radical-sensitive alcohols remains relatively unexplored. Here, we report a photochemical oxidative esterification of aldehydes with radical-sensitive alcohols enabled by C?H bromination. This reaction proceeds without stoichiometric additives, such as bases, and enables the incorporation of a broad range of radical-sensitive functional groups into esters. Thus, it represents a promising platform for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and functional materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HariyantoNova Alfian en-aut-sei=Hariyanto en-aut-mei=Nova Alfian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoHaru en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Haru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoAtsuya en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Atsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamuraHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Takamura en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadotaIsao en-aut-sei=Kadota en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKenta en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=C─H bromination kn-keyword=C─H bromination en-keyword=esterification kn-keyword=esterification en-keyword=photochemical synthesis kn-keyword=photochemical synthesis en-keyword=radical reaction kn-keyword=radical reaction END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e70454 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260723 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On Nielsen equivalence classes of two‐element generators of mapping class groups en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We show that there are infinitely many Nielsen equivalence classes of the mapping class group of a closed oriented surface of genus at least eight. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiroseSusumu en-aut-sei=Hirose en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MondenNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Monden en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e71464 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260729 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of Tris(indol-3-yl)methanes From Indoles, CO2, and Dimethylphenylsilane With BPh3: Two-Step Construction of π-Conjugated Systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tris(indol-3-yl)methanes were synthesized from indoles, CO2, and PhMe2SiH in the presence of BPh3 in acetonitrile at 50°C. This is the first CO2 fixation reaction forming the aliphatic methine (>CH─) group. The isotope-labeling experiments clearly demonstrated that the carbon and hydrogen atoms of the methine group originated from carbon dioxide and dimethylphenylsilane, respectively. The mechanism for the multicomponent cascade reaction was elucidated by DFT calculations. One of the CO2-derived products, tris(4-bromo-1-methylindol-3-yl)methane, underwent palladium-catalyzed intramolecular cascade reactions for the selective formation of two novel polycyclic heteroaromatic compounds, where the methine C(sp3) atom originating from CO2 was converted into aromatic C(sp2) atoms. One is formally produced via double direct C─H arylation, Wacker-type oxidation, dehydrogenation, and debromination, while the other seems to be produced via the intramolecular homocoupling of aryl bromide, direct C─H arylation, Wacker-type oxidation, and dehydrogenation. Both of them are new intramolecular cascade reactions that are useful for the short-step construction of nitrogen-doped nanographenes. On the other hand, one of the CO2-derived products, tris(1-pentylindol-3-yl)methane, was converted into tris(1-pentylindol-3-yl)methylium methanesulfonate, which is a potential antitumor drug. This is the first derivatization of CO2 to a cationic C(sp2) center. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LiSha en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Sha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaibaraSo en-aut-sei=Saibara en-aut-mei=So kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiReito en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Reito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaishiKazuto en-aut-sei=Takaishi en-aut-mei=Kazuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NittaNatsumi en-aut-sei=Nitta en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EmaTadashi en-aut-sei=Ema en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=boranes kn-keyword=boranes en-keyword=carbondioxidefixation kn-keyword=carbondioxidefixation en-keyword=cascadereaction kn-keyword=cascadereaction en-keyword=heteroaromatics kn-keyword=heteroaromatics en-keyword=silanes kn-keyword=silanes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=e70090 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260710 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration‐TDP Type C With Striatal Glial Cytoplasmic Inclusions and Motor Neuron Degeneration en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchinoAkiko en-aut-sei=Uchino en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanemaruKazutomi en-aut-sei=Kanemaru en-aut-mei=Kazutomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TarutaniAiri en-aut-sei=Tarutani en-aut-mei=Airi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaMasato en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaruseHiroya en-aut-sei=Naruse en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiuraHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Ishiura en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurayamaShigeo en-aut-sei=Murayama en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoYuko en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology (Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology (Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology (Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology kn-affil= en-keyword=amyotrophic lateral sclerosis kn-keyword=amyotrophic lateral sclerosis en-keyword=annexin A11 kn-keyword=annexin A11 en-keyword=corticobasal syndrome kn-keyword=corticobasal syndrome en-keyword=frontotemporal lobar degeneration kn-keyword=frontotemporal lobar degeneration en-keyword=glial cytoplasmic inclusions kn-keyword=glial cytoplasmic inclusions en-keyword=motor neuron disease kn-keyword=motor neuron disease en-keyword=TDP-43 kn-keyword=TDP-43 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=229 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=105080 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Enhanced calcium activity and transcriptomic alterations in iPSC-derived neurons from BAFME patients with repeat expansions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Benign adult familial myoclonus epilepsy (BAFME) is caused by intronic TTTCA and TTTTA repeat expansions in SAMD12 and other genes; the neuronal basis of cortical hyperexcitability, however, remains unclear. We generated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons from three BAFME1 patients and examined functional and transcriptomic phenotypes. Patient-derived neurons retained the pathogenic repeat expansions and showed a tendency toward upstream intronic RNA accumulation. Calcium imaging revealed increased spontaneous Ca2?+ transient frequency in both neuronal subtypes, indicating heightened activity. Pharmacological profiling demonstrated attenuated responses to calcium-permeable α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptor (CP-AMPAR) blockade and GABAA receptor antagonism in GABAergic neurons, suggesting altered inhibitory signaling. RNA sequencing revealed transcriptomic alterations without differential expression of ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors. In glutamatergic neurons, ATF4-regulated genes, including SLC7A5 encoding LAT1, a Kv1.2 channel modulator, were downregulated. Reduced SLC7A5 expression was validated at both mRNA and protein levels. In GABAergic neurons, synapse-associated genes PTPRD and GPC6 were upregulated. TCERG1L and NLRP2 were suppressed across both neuronal subtypes. These findings suggest subtype-specific alterations may contribute to neuronal hyperexcitability in BAFME and provide a platform for mechanistic studies of repeat expansion-associated epilepsies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NagasakoYuki en-aut-sei=Nagasako en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaMitsuru en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiuraHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Ishiura en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SupakulSopak en-aut-sei=Supakul en-aut-mei=Sopak kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaSumihiro en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Sumihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TodaTatsushi en-aut-sei=Toda en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiShoji en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkanoHideyuki en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=Induced pluripotent stem cells kn-keyword=Induced pluripotent stem cells en-keyword=Glutamatergic neurons kn-keyword=Glutamatergic neurons en-keyword=GABAergic neurons kn-keyword=GABAergic neurons en-keyword=Calcium imaging kn-keyword=Calcium imaging en-keyword=BAFME kn-keyword=BAFME en-keyword=Repeat expansion kn-keyword=Repeat expansion en-keyword=Epilepsy kn-keyword=Epilepsy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1527 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260713 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Upregulation of the Outer Membrane Protein OmpV and Its Role in Polymyxin B Stress Adaptation in Vibrio mimicus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OmpV is an outer membrane protein found in a variety of Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we demonstrated that V. mimicus strain CS-66, isolated from a patient with diarrhea, was resistant to polymyxin B (PL-B) and colistin (CL) but susceptible to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. When strain CS-66 was cultured in Luria?Bertani broth containing a sub-minimal inhibitory concentration of each antibiotic used for the susceptibility tests, ompV expression as assayed by reverse transcription-qPCR, significantly increased regardless of the antibiotic tested. In contrast, cell aggregation during the early log phase was observed only when the strain was grown in the broth supplemented with PL-B or CL. A space-filling model of V. mimicus OmpV was generated. The model showed that, although OmpV adopted a β-barrel conformation, it had closed top and bottom ends and possessed a lateral cavity. Structural analysis further indicated that the interior of this lateral cavity was negatively charged and sufficiently large to accommodate PL-B. These results suggest that V. mimicus may adapt to PL-B stress through physical sequestration within the negatively charged cavity of OmpV. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoderaYuta en-aut-sei=Onodera en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnnoiShunki en-aut-sei=Annoi en-aut-mei=Shunki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuzemboBasilua Andre en-aut-sei=Muzembo en-aut-mei=Basilua Andre kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Center for Intestinal Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute of Nursing Care for People and Community, University of Hyogo kn-affil= en-keyword=Vibrio mimicus kn-keyword=Vibrio mimicus en-keyword=polymyxin B kn-keyword=polymyxin B en-keyword=OmpV kn-keyword=OmpV en-keyword=β-barrel protein kn-keyword=β-barrel protein en-keyword=antibiotic sequestration kn-keyword=antibiotic sequestration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=541 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=113868 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202506 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of a novel histidine-rich glycoprotein measurement system as a biomarker for sepsis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The plasma histidine-rich glycoprotein concentration is a marker of sepsis severity. In this study, we generated selective and specific monoclonal antibodies against histidine-rich glycoprotein for use in a prototype enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based in vitro diagnostic system. First, we investigated the properties of monoclonal antibodies produced by 21 hybridomas that we developed using immunized mice, and we identified monoclonal antibodies 69-1A and 75-2D to be the most suitable combination for use in the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Wild-type histidine-rich glycoprotein (Form-1, 75 kDa) with a proline residue at amino acid position 204 is the most common isoform of the protein in humans, followed by its variant (Form-2, 77 kDa), which has a serine residue at position 204.
The epitope mapping was examined for the HRG amino acid sequence with 69-1A and 75-2D mAbs to achieve the identification of respective specific binding domains, though the other kinds of mAbs showed considerably complex domains. The identified epitopes recognized by 69-1A and 75-2D monoclonal antibodies did not span position 204. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation-immunoblotting analysis showed that the 69-1A and 75-2D monoclonal antibodies could bind to both Form-1 and Form-2 in human plasma samples. Thus, these two new antibodies can be used to clearly detect both forms of histidine-rich glycoproteins in human plasma samples. In our analysis of clinical samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using various combinations of our newly synthesized antibodies, we found that the histidine-rich glycoprotein concentration was significantly lower in plasma samples from septic patients than in those from healthy volunteers (p < 0.01). Thus, our novel analysis system using the new antibodies is expected to be a useful tool for sepsis research, and it may be adapted as an in vitro diagnostic tool for many other kinds of diseases in the future. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchiumiTakaoki en-aut-sei=Uchiumi en-aut-mei=Takaoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiboriMasahiro en-aut-sei=Nishibori en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morimatsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueYoko en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaNorio en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Diagnostic Drug Office, Shionogi & Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Translational Research and Drug Development, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Diagnostic Drug Office, Shionogi & Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Diagnostic Drug Office, Shionogi & Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Diagnostic Drug Office, Shionogi & Co., Ltd. kn-affil= en-keyword=Histidine-rich glycoprotein kn-keyword=Histidine-rich glycoprotein en-keyword=Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kn-keyword=Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay en-keyword=In vitro diagnostics kn-keyword=In vitro diagnostics en-keyword=Sepsis kn-keyword=Sepsis en-keyword=Anti-human histidine-rich glycoprotein mouse monoclonal antibody kn-keyword=Anti-human histidine-rich glycoprotein mouse monoclonal antibody END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=111090 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202611 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Outcome-aware and interpretable subtyping of chronic kidney disease: an analysis of the FROM-J study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 10% of the global population and exhibits substantial heterogeneity in disease progression and clinical outcomes. Despite ongoing efforts to develop new therapeutic strategies, the number of patients progressing to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) continue to rise. Although severity classification systems for CKD are well established and refined, they remain insufficient to capture prognostically relevant patient subtypes. In this study, we developed an outcome-aware and interpretable clustering framework for CKD subtyping using data from the FROM-J cohort with prognostic follow-up. A supervised XGBoost model was first trained to predict a ? 30% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a surrogate marker of CKD progression. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values derived from this model were then used to quantify outcome-relevant feature contributions. Based on these feature attributions, a similarity graph was constructed, and spectral clustering was performed to identify patient subtypes driven by prognostic relevance. The proposed framework identified four CKD subtypes with distinct baseline clinical characteristics and significantly different risks of renal replacement therapy (RRT) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Serum albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and smoking status consistently emerged as key features defining subtype structure and prognosis. Robust risk stratification was preserved even when clustering was restricted to these three routinely measured variables. Overall, our findings demonstrate that integrating outcome-driven feature attribution into clustering enables interpretable and clinically relevant CKD subtyping, providing a practical approach for characterizing disease heterogeneity and supporting risk stratification and personalized management. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShiTianyi en-aut-sei=Shi en-aut-mei=Tianyi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YeXiucai en-aut-sei=Ye en-aut-mei=Xiucai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=XiWenyu en-aut-sei=Xi en-aut-mei=Wenyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImakuraAkira en-aut-sei=Imakura en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaseKaori en-aut-sei=Mase en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsunodaRyoya en-aut-sei=Tsunoda en-aut-mei=Ryoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoChie en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Chie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoAkihiko en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaJun en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaShoichi en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Shoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaTakashi en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaritaIchiei en-aut-sei=Narita en-aut-mei=Ichiei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagataKunihiro en-aut-sei=Yamagata en-aut-mei=Kunihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuraiTetsuya en-aut-sei=Sakurai en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Computer Science, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Computer Science, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Computer Science, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Computer Science, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Blood Purification Unit, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Computer Science, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= en-keyword=Chronic kidney disease kn-keyword=Chronic kidney disease en-keyword=Outcome-aware clustering kn-keyword=Outcome-aware clustering en-keyword=Interpretable machine learning kn-keyword=Interpretable machine learning en-keyword=Risk stratification kn-keyword=Risk stratification en-keyword=Disease progression kn-keyword=Disease progression END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e02824-25 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260724 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Escalation of CTX-M-producing extensively drug-resistant Shigella spp. in Kolkata, India, following the COVID-19 pandemic en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Shigella spp. is recognized by the World Health Organization as a high-priority pathogen due to its global prevalence, unique pathogenic mechanisms, and growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Nearly half of all Shigella strains worldwide are now multidrug-resistant (MDR), and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) variants?resistant to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin?has severely limited effective treatment options. The present study is based on prospective laboratory surveillance involving 323 Shigella isolates collected during 2021?2023, with pre-COVID-19 pandemic data included from a previously published study solely for historical comparison. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was investigated, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on representative isolates to assess phylogenetic relatedness with global isolates. Approximately 10% of isolates exhibited resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. While only 3% of Shigella isolates carried the blaCTX-M-15 gene from 2013 to 2019, its prevalence increased to 26% by 2022?2023. Among 38 ceftriaxone-resistant S. sonnei isolates, 33 were also resistant to azithromycin, categorizing them as XDR. These isolates showed 48% clonal similarity and high phylogenetic resemblance to the isolates reported from England. Hybrid genome assembly revealed a plasmid harboring both the blaCTX-M-15 and mphA ARGs. Conjugation experiments and plasmid profiling confirmed the plasmid’s transferability. We report a rising trend in third-generation cephalosporin resistance among Shigella spp., primarily driven by the spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing S. flexneri and the emergence of XDR S. sonnei. These findings underscore the urgent need for strengthened national AMR containment strategies and enhanced international surveillance of cephalosporin-resistant Shigella to mitigate this growing public health threat. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BosePuja en-aut-sei=Bose en-aut-mei=Puja kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HalderGourab en-aut-sei=Halder en-aut-mei=Gourab kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KayetPratanu en-aut-sei=Kayet en-aut-mei=Pratanu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChowdhuryGoutam en-aut-sei=Chowdhury en-aut-mei=Goutam kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=BasakSurajit en-aut-sei=Basak en-aut-mei=Surajit kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=RoyDeboleena en-aut-sei=Roy en-aut-mei=Deboleena kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaMasatomo en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Masatomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=RamamurthyThandavarayan en-aut-sei=Ramamurthy en-aut-mei=Thandavarayan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoleyHemanta en-aut-sei=Koley en-aut-mei=Hemanta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=DasSantasabuj en-aut-sei=Das en-aut-mei=Santasabuj kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukhopadhyayAsish Kumar en-aut-sei=Mukhopadhyay en-aut-mei=Asish Kumar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Bioinformatics, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Bioinformatics, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Center for Intestinal Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Center for Intestinal Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= en-keyword=dysentery kn-keyword=dysentery en-keyword=AMR kn-keyword=AMR en-keyword=XDR kn-keyword=XDR en-keyword=Shigella spp. kn-keyword=Shigella spp. en-keyword=CTX-M kn-keyword=CTX-M en-keyword=plasmid kn-keyword=plasmid en-keyword=transconjugants kn-keyword=transconjugants en-keyword=PFGE kn-keyword=PFGE en-keyword=WGS kn-keyword=WGS END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=542-543 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=108716 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20261115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Serpentinization parageneses controlled by lithological variations among olivine gabbro and peridotite from the Atlantis Massif, Mid-Atlantic Ridge en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Serpentinization of olivine impacts the geochemical and ecological environment via molecular hydrogen production, promoted by iron oxidation to form magnetite and ferric iron in serpentine. Previous studies suggested that serpentinization proceeds with various reactions and the extent of iron oxidation is variable depending on the reaction pathways. To examine the effect of lithological variation on reactions at an incipient stage of serpentinization, we carried out microscopic observations, electron-probe analyses, and Raman spectroscopy of serpentine veins cutting olivine in gabbroic rocks and peridotites from the Atlantis Massif, Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The results indicate that the serpentine veins in the proximity of olivine dominantly comprise lizardite mixed with variable minor phases or components depending on igneous lithology: brucite in peridotites, troctolites, and primitive olivine gabbros; cronstedtite-bearing serpentine, commonly without brucite, in some troctolites and slightly evolved olivine gabbros; and neither brucite nor cronstedtite component in evolved olivine gabbros. This suggests that incipient-stage serpentinization paragenesis is dominantly controlled by silica activity reflecting lithological variation. In addition to magnetite, the formation of cronstedtite in gabbroic rocks has the potential to produce hydrogen. The presence or absence of brucite and cronstedtite could affect the timing and magnitude of iron oxidation and hydrogen production during serpentinization. Considering the predominance of gabbroic rocks in the lower oceanic crust, the variation in incipient-stage serpentinization paragenesis in gabbroic rocks may have an impact on the redox state and ecological environment around the (sub)seafloor. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NozakaToshio en-aut-sei=Nozaka en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KazumataShun en-aut-sei=Kazumata en-aut-mei=Shun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KleinFrieder en-aut-sei=Klein en-aut-mei=Frieder kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution kn-affil= en-keyword=Serpentinization kn-keyword=Serpentinization en-keyword=Brucite kn-keyword=Brucite en-keyword=Cronstedtite kn-keyword=Cronstedtite en-keyword=Olivine gabbro kn-keyword=Olivine gabbro en-keyword=Peridotite kn-keyword=Peridotite en-keyword=Atlantis Massif kn-keyword=Atlantis Massif END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1874501 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260723 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=High horizontal force and lateral force transmission induced by the twist of the Achilles tendon en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Achilles tendon?the largest and strongest of the many tendons in the human body?consists of subtendons arising from each head of the triceps surae. These subtendons run helically and intertwine to form a twisted three-dimensional structure. More than a century has passed since the twisted structure of the Achilles tendon was first described, and numerous studies have investigated its functional morphology. However, it remains unclear how the presence or degree of twist affects the mechanical function of the lower limbs. Here, using finite element models of the Achilles tendon with and without twist, we show that the presence and degree of twist can modulate the forces transmitted from muscle to skeleton in a complex manner. In contrast to the model without twist, the twisted models clearly exhibit anterolaterally directed horizontal forces at the distal end under a simple proximal tensile load. The lateral and anterior components reach approximately 101 N and 63 N, respectively. Furthermore, the twisted structure induces inter-subtendon force transmission, and the magnitude of the transmitted force increases with increasing degree of twist. These results indicate that the uniaxial contractile force generated by the triceps surae is transformed into triaxial forces by the twisted Achilles tendon and is redistributed in a complex three-dimensional manner through inter-subtendon interactions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EnomotoShota en-aut-sei=Enomoto en-aut-mei=Shota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoKohta en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Kohta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) kn-affil= en-keyword=computer aided engineering kn-keyword=computer aided engineering en-keyword=finite element analysis kn-keyword=finite element analysis en-keyword=modeling kn-keyword=modeling en-keyword=morphology kn-keyword=morphology en-keyword=subtendons kn-keyword=subtendons END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=29 article-no= start-page=12214 end-page=12224 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Terpolymerization of epoxide, oxetane, and CO2 for the synthesis of polycarbonates with high CO2 contents, physical tunability, and enzymatic degradability en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Although poly(cyclohexene carbonate) (PCHC) synthesized by the copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and CO2 is a promising material, the physical properties of this material need to be altered and tuned for its wider applications. To this end, we employed a terpolymerization strategy increasing the CO2 content in the resulting polymers. Terpolymerization of CHO, oxetane, and CO2 using AlIII porphyrin catalysts with quaternary ammonium halides afforded polycarbonates with high CO2 contents, physical tunability, and enzymatic degradability. The counter anions of the catalysts were crucial factors in the formation of the poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) unit. 1a with bromide ions preferentially produced trimethylene carbonate (TMC) over PTMC, while 1d with chloride ions suppressed the formation of TMC and produced PCHC?PTMC directly. PCHC?PTMC showed glass transition temperatures (Tg) between 69 °C and ?9 °C, depending on the PCHC/PTMC ratio. The tensile test revealed that the PTMC unit contributed to the softening of the film materials. For example, a film material with a CO2 content of 38 wt% showed 505% elongation at break with an elastic character, which contrasted starkly with the 1.3% elongation at break of PCHC with a CO2 content of 31 wt%. Moreover, the selective degradation of the PTMC unit in PCHC?PTMC was achieved with lipases, and a gradient character in the sequence structure was suggested. Overall, PCHC?PTMC is an environmentally benign and sustainable CO2-based polycarbonate. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NikiKaito en-aut-sei=Niki en-aut-mei=Kaito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaChihiro en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Chihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EmaTadashi en-aut-sei=Ema en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=84 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=102895 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Factors that delay discovery in cases of death at home in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In Japan, solitary deaths have become a social issue, with an increasing number of cases in which the body is discovered long after death. This study aimed to clarify the factors underlying such delays. Cases of death at home were extracted from forensic autopsies. In each case, we collected information about the deceased and their living conditions. The postmortem interval until finding (PMI-f) was calculated by measuring the time between death and discovery. We classified the cases into long PMI-f (LPMI-f; having PMI-f of ?3 days) and short PMI-f (SPMI-f; having PMI-f of <3 days), and examined the factors that lead to LPMI-f. The characteristics of the group living alone with a PMI-f of <24 h and living with family or acquaintances with an LPMI-f were also analyzed. Among the 420 cases included, 244 (58.1%) were in the LPMI-f group. The LPMI-f group had higher number of males; older individuals; those living alone; those found inside their homes; single, retired, or non-employed individuals; those without long-term care certification; and those with drinking habits. Forty-seven individuals lived alone and had PMI-f of <24 h. Regular visits from relatives living separately led to early detection after death. In the LPMI-f group, 56 individuals lived with family or acquaintances. The absence of regular visits can result in delayed discovery after death; however, the time between death and discovery could be shortened by implementing systems such as allowing neighbors to check the person's safety by noticing uncollected mail. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamasakiYukie en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Yukie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamiyaNanako en-aut-sei=Tamiya en-aut-mei=Nanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHideki en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraMasanobu en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Masanobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiKaori en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiChie en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Chie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomuraMasafumi en-aut-sei=Motomura en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=Himemiya-HakuchoAyako en-aut-sei=Himemiya-Hakucho en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaishiSatoru en-aut-sei=Miyaishi en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Solitary deaths kn-keyword=Solitary deaths en-keyword=Social isolation kn-keyword=Social isolation en-keyword=Postmortem interval kn-keyword=Postmortem interval en-keyword=Decomposition kn-keyword=Decomposition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=14 article-no= start-page=e2026GL122472 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260728 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Electrical Conductivity of Hydrous Ultramafic Melts With Implications for Origin of Low Velocity Layer Atop of the 410?km Seismic Discontinuity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Low-velocity layers (LVLs) above the 410-km discontinuity are commonly attributed to partial melt generated by dehydration melting when hydrous mantle transition-zone material rises into the upper mantle, where water solubility in nominally anhydrous minerals decreases. Interpreting coexisting high-conductivity anomalies requires constraints on the intrinsic conductivity of the melt phase at pressures just above the transition zone. We measured electrical conductivity of hydrous ultramafic melts representative of incipient melts, ranging from 6.3 to 18.6 wt% H2O at 13 GPa using impedance spectroscopy in a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus. Hydrous ultramafic melts are extremely conductive, and conductivity increases systematically with H2O content to values comparable to alkali-carbonate melts. The high conductivity implies that even small fractions of interconnected hydrous melt can dominate bulk mantle conductivity. Combining our measurements with geophysical conductance estimates indicates that <1 vol% melt can produce conductive layers thicker than 10 km, consistent with seismological constraints on LVL structure. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshinoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=XieLongjian en-aut-sei=Xie en-aut-mei=Longjian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= en-keyword=electrical conductivity kn-keyword=electrical conductivity en-keyword=water kn-keyword=water en-keyword=low velocity zone kn-keyword=low velocity zone en-keyword=silicate melt kn-keyword=silicate melt en-keyword=mantle kn-keyword=mantle END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260717 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tripartite Interaction Between Penicillium pinophilum-Host Plants and CMV-Y: A Model for Endophyte-Mediated Viral Biocontrol en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Plant-fungus-virus tripartite interactions represent complex ecological systems in which mutualistic endophytes can influence host physiology, yet the molecular basis of endophyte-mediated defence remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the endophytic fungus Penicillium pinophilum EU0013 suppresses the yellow strain of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Y) in Solanum lycopersicum and Nicotiana benthamiana. CMV-Y infection induced pronounced oxidative and hormonal perturbations, which were mitigated by P. pinophilum colonisation. Endophyte-associated plants exhibited early accumulation of jasmonate intermediates, consistent with the activation of jasmonate signalling. This response promoted the degradation of jasmonate-ZIM-domain proteins and release of core JA-responsive transcription factors. Virus-induced gene silencing identified MYC2 as a key regulator required for endophyte-mediated antiviral protection, with WRKY17 contributing to defence modulation. In parallel, transcriptome analysis revealed the upregulation of a Dicer-like gene, indicating enhanced engagement of RNA silencing, a primary antiviral mechanism targeting viral RNA. This coordinated activation occurred alongside significant induction of pathogenesis-related proteins, particularly PR9, and improved control of reactive oxygen species. Salicylic acid-responsive defences showed a host-modulated pattern, with PR1 induced by CMV and PR2/PR5 preferentially enhanced in endophyte-associated plants. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that P. pinophilum enhances antiviral immunity through coordinated defence integration pathways, providing a framework for endophyte-based viral disease management. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IbiangSarah R. en-aut-sei=Ibiang en-aut-mei=Sarah R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GalisIvan en-aut-sei=Galis en-aut-mei=Ivan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoHideki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Group of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Group of Plant-Insect Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Group of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Group of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=cucumber mosaic virus kn-keyword=cucumber mosaic virus en-keyword=endophyte‐mediated resistance kn-keyword=endophyte‐mediated resistance en-keyword=jasmonate signalling kn-keyword=jasmonate signalling en-keyword=pathogenesis‐related proteins kn-keyword=pathogenesis‐related proteins en-keyword=solanaceae kn-keyword=solanaceae en-keyword=tripartite interaction kn-keyword=tripartite interaction END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260715 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Triple Oxygen Isotope Compositions of Isotopic Reference Waters: Implications for VSMOW-Scale and VSMOW?SLAP-Scale Δ′17O Calibration en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Triple oxygen isotope ratios of waters are commonly reported on the VSMOW?SLAP scale, whereas comparison with theoretical calculations and assessment of instrumental scale distortion require accurate constraints on the measured isotopic compositions of the primary isotopic reference materials (iRMs) themselves. In particular, the measured δ17OVSMOW and Δ′17OVSMOW values for SLAP and its substitute, SLAP2, remain insufficiently constrained and reported values differ among laboratories. Here, we measured triple oxygen isotope ratios for two primary iRMs (VSMOW and SLAP) and twelve secondary iRMs (VSMOW2, SLAP2, GISP, GRESP, USGS45, USGS46, USGS46a, USGS47, USGS48, USGS49, USGS50 and USGS53) using BrF5 fluorination and dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. For SLAP, we obtained δ18OVSMOW = -55.50 ±?0.15‰ and δ17OVSMOW = -29.66 ±?0.08‰, giving Δ′17OVSMOW =?34 ±?6 per meg (all expanded uncertainties, k =?2). The corresponding values for SLAP2 agree within uncertainty. When expressed on the conventional VSMOW?SLAP scale, our Δ′17OVSMOW?SLAP values for all secondary iRMs with available literature values agree with previously published values within uncertainty, confirming interlaboratory comparability on that scale. In contrast, waters with low δ18O values, Δ′17OVSMOW values are systematically higher than the corresponding Δ′17OVSMOW?SLAP values. These results further suggest that accurate determination of the VSMOW-scale isotopic composition of SLAP and/or SLAP2 across laboratories is essential, particularly for low-δ18O samples, for which the difference between VSMOW-scale and VSMOW?SLAP-scale Δ′17O values becomes large, and for meaningful comparison between measured data and theoretical calculations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaRyoji en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Ryoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=PackAndreas en-aut-sei=Pack en-aut-mei=Andreas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=CoplenTyler B. en-aut-sei=Coplen en-aut-mei=Tyler B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Georg-August-Universit?t G?ttingen, Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=US Geological Survey kn-affil= en-keyword=primary isotopic reference material kn-keyword=primary isotopic reference material en-keyword=secondary isotopic reference material kn-keyword=secondary isotopic reference material en-keyword=triple oxygen isotopes kn-keyword=triple oxygen isotopes en-keyword=VSMOW-SLAP scale kn-keyword=VSMOW-SLAP scale END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=921 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=166 end-page=193 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=組織再編成の適格要件の再検討−スピンオフの濫用防止を中心として− en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=小塚真啓 kn-aut-sei=小塚 kn-aut-mei=真啓 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学社会文化科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=134 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=455 end-page=460 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dielectric response modulation in relaxor (Sr,Ba)Nb2O6 via engineered defect en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Defect engineering provides an effective pathway to tune the dielectric response of relaxor ferroelectrics, yet the roles of individual defect species in tungsten bronze (TTB) systems remain unclear. Here, we investigated how engineered Ti?VO?? defect dipoles and native oxygen vacancies introduced through reduction annealing modify the dielectric properties of relaxor (Sr0.5,Ba0.5)Nb2O6 (0.5-SBN). Ti loading forms stable defect dipoles that generate smaller polar nanoregions (PNRs), suppress their overgrowth, and increase the number of dynamically active PNRs at room temperature, leading to enhanced permittivity ε′ while preserving DC-bias stability and breakdown strength (EB). Reduction annealing generates Nb4+-related local polarizations aligned with the external electric field, which strengthen dipole fluctuations and slightly increase ε′. Electron localization further relaxes the TTB-A2 site disorder?induced random fields, yielding a sharper dielectric peak and promoting more uniform PNR growth. Microwave dielectric spectroscopy combined with electromagnetic simulations revealed that the increases in ε′ for both Ti-loaded and reduced samples (0.5-SBNT and Reduced 0.5-SBN, respectively) originate predominantly from enhanced dipole polarization. Despite grain coarsening in 0.5-SBNT, the EB remained unchanged, indicating that defect dipoles act as pinning centers that inhibit field-induced PNR aggregation. In reduced 0.5-SBN, EB increased up to pO0 = 4.3 × 10?3 atm owing to relaxed random fields, whereas excessive reduction reduced EB through carrier-driven space-charge effects. These results demonstrate that precise control of defect species enables simultaneous optimization of ε′, DC-bias stability, and EB in TTB-type relaxor ferroelectrics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShiotaRyusei en-aut-sei=Shiota en-aut-mei=Ryusei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeranishiTakashi en-aut-sei=Teranishi en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoShinya en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoAkira en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Energy Engineering, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Relaxor ferroelectrics kn-keyword=Relaxor ferroelectrics en-keyword=(Sr,Ba)Nb2O6 kn-keyword=(Sr,Ba)Nb2O6 en-keyword=Polar nanoregions kn-keyword=Polar nanoregions en-keyword=Dipole polarization kn-keyword=Dipole polarization en-keyword=DC bias response kn-keyword=DC bias response END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=747 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Incidence and impact of odontogenic infection-related febrile episodes during perioperative doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide or docetaxel-cyclophosphamide chemotherapy for breast cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide (AC) and docetaxel-cyclophosphamide (TC) are standard perioperative chemotherapy regimens for breast cancer. Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common adverse event, and odontogenic infections may contribute to febrile episodes. This study was performed to investigate the incidence and impact of febrile episodes clinically associated with odontogenic infections during AC and TC chemotherapy.
Methods A total of 408 patients with breast cancer receiving 4 cycles of AC (n?=?285) or TC (n?=?123) between 2015 and 2020 were included in this single-center retrospective study. Patients recorded daily axillary temperatures and oral symptoms. Dental evaluations were performed when oral infection was suspected. Febrile episodes (??37.5 °C) were assessed, and their clinical association with odontogenic infections was determined based on dental records and the documented clinical course. Relative dose intensity (RDI) was calculated to assess chemotherapy delivery.
Results Overall, 40.2% of patients experienced febrile episodes, and the frequency was higher in the TC group (48.8%) than the AC group (36.5%, P?=?0.02). Febrile episodes associated with oral infections occurred in 9.1% of patients, of which 78.4% were clinically associated with odontogenic infections (7.1% of all patients). Most such episodes occurred during the first chemotherapy cycle (79.3%, P? Conclusions Febrile episodes clinically associated with odontogenic infections occurred in approximately 7%?8% of patients with breast cancer receiving perioperative AC or TC chemotherapy, predominantly during the first cycle. Odontogenic infections should be considered one possible source of febrile episodes during treatment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SogaYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Soga en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuzakiKumiko en-aut-sei=Matsuzaki en-aut-mei=Kumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakiHirotaka en-aut-sei=Kosaki en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoTomoko en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshitomiAiko en-aut-sei=Yoshitomi en-aut-mei=Aiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajizonoMakoto en-aut-sei=Kajizono en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakitaTakashi en-aut-sei=Makita en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYuta en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienTadahiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiharaHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Doihara en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Breast cancer kn-keyword=Breast cancer en-keyword=Perioperative chemotherapy kn-keyword=Perioperative chemotherapy en-keyword=Odontogenic infection kn-keyword=Odontogenic infection en-keyword=Oral infection kn-keyword=Oral infection en-keyword=Febrile episodes kn-keyword=Febrile episodes en-keyword=Relative dose intensity kn-keyword=Relative dose intensity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1875734 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260703 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Quantitative resistance to Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 develops independently in leaves and roots of Brachypodium distachyon en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne phytopathogen with a broad host range, classified into multiple anastomosis groups (AGs). While the rice sheath blight pathogen AG-1 IA is well-studied, defense mechanisms against AG-4, which infects diverse monocots and dicots, remain unclear. Here, we screened 153 Brachypodium distachyon accessions for resistance to AG-4 HG-I+II using both leaf and soil inoculation assays. The accessions exhibited a quantitative resistance spectrum in both assays. Some accessions were resistant to both methods, while others showed resistance in only one, indicating that leaf and root defenses operate independently. Unlike the salicylic acid (SA)-dependent resistance observed in several accessions against AG-1 IA, AG-4 leaf resistance appears to be largely SA-independent. Among 22 resistant accessions, only eight induced the SA marker BdWRKY38, whereas twelve induced the jasmonic acid (JA) marker BdAOS. Additionally, resistance in Bd3?1 was unaffected by expression of the SA hydroxylase NahG. These results are consistent with previous findings that exogenous application of SA, JA, or ethylene fails to confer AG-4 resistance. Instead, most AG-4-resistant accessions showed common upregulation of cell wall biosynthesis-related genes following leaf infection, suggesting that cell wall fortification may contribute to defense against AG-4. These findings establish B. distachyon as a valuable model for dissecting resistance mechanisms against R. solani AG-4. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FernandaRozi en-aut-sei=Fernanda en-aut-mei=Rozi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MahadevanNiranjan en-aut-sei=Mahadevan en-aut-mei=Niranjan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KohnoNatsuka en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Natsuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoReiko en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Reiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMegumi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataNanami en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiHidenori en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KouzaiYusuke en-aut-sei=Kouzai en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MochidaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Mochida en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoutoshiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Noutoshi en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Crop Stress Management Group, Division of Plant Molecular Regulation Research, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Brachypodium distachyon kn-keyword=Brachypodium distachyon en-keyword=cell wall fortification kn-keyword=cell wall fortification en-keyword=phytohormone kn-keyword=phytohormone en-keyword=quantitative resistance kn-keyword=quantitative resistance en-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani kn-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani en-keyword=root infection kn-keyword=root infection END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Oral health care during pregnancy to prevent preterm birth and low birth weight: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Periodontal disease during pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW). However, most previous interventional studies have reported that scaling and root planing (SRP), a form of basic periodontal treatment, is insufficient to effectively prevent PTB and LBW. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that combining SRP with routine use of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) mouthwash may reduce the risk of these adverse birth outcomes by approximately half. This study will be among the first randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the potential synergistic effects of this combined approach on improving birth outcomes.
Methods This multi-center, three-arm RCT will be conducted at two hospitals in Dhaka and Bogura, Bangladesh, between April 2025 and September 2026. A total of 480 pregnant women less than 20 weeks’ gestation attending antenatal checkups will be recruited. Participants diagnosed with periodontal disease will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a positive control group. Participants without periodontal disease will be assigned to a negative control group. The intervention consists of SRP combined with continued use of CHG mouthwash throughout pregnancy. The primary outcome will be the rate of PTB. Secondary outcomes include the birth weight of the newborn baby, maternal periodontal status, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Effectiveness will be assessed by comparing outcomes across the study groups.
Discussion The oral health intervention is expected to improve both birth outcomes and maternal oral health. Demonstrating its effectiveness in a real-world setting may support the integration of oral health care into broader maternal, neonatal, and child health strategies, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry. UMIN000057519. Registered on April 4, 2025. https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000065719. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasuokaJunko en-aut-sei=Yasuoka en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYohei en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AlamProdhan MD Rubayet en-aut-sei=Alam en-aut-mei=Prodhan MD Rubayet kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibanumaAkira en-aut-sei=Shibanuma en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NanishiKeiko en-aut-sei=Nanishi en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYoko en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HossainMd. Zahid en-aut-sei=Hossain en-aut-mei=Md. Zahid kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmanMusfiqa en-aut-sei=Aman en-aut-mei=Musfiqa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KarimFahmida en-aut-sei=Karim en-aut-mei=Fahmida kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaziaSultana en-aut-sei=Razia en-aut-mei=Sultana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=RezwanaRifat en-aut-sei=Rezwana en-aut-mei=Rifat kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=RahmanMd Mahmudur en-aut-sei=Rahman en-aut-mei=Md Mahmudur kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=Jahan KhanNusrat en-aut-sei=Jahan Khan en-aut-mei=Nusrat kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaNaoki en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=IslamRafiqul en-aut-sei=Islam en-aut-mei=Rafiqul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiKimiyo en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Kimiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Global Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke’s International University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Dental Unit, TMSS Medical College & Rafatullah Community Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Office of International Academic Affairs, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Periodontology and Oral Pathology, Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Periodontology, Dental Unit, TMSS Medical College & Rafatullah Community Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, TMSS Medical College & Rafatullah Community Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Division of Oral Health, Brain Health and Total Health, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Global Communication Center, Grameen Communications kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Global Communication Center, Grameen Communications kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Medical Informatics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Division of Healthcare Digital Transformation, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Research Promotion, Institute for Asian and Oceanian Studies, Kyushu University kn-affil= en-keyword=Preterm birth kn-keyword=Preterm birth en-keyword=Low birth weight kn-keyword=Low birth weight en-keyword=Oral health kn-keyword=Oral health en-keyword=Periodontal treatment kn-keyword=Periodontal treatment en-keyword=Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash kn-keyword=Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash en-keyword=Randomized controlled trial kn-keyword=Randomized controlled trial en-keyword=Bangladesh kn-keyword=Bangladesh END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Plasma expression levels of microRNA-101 are downregulated in patients with Parkinson’s disease en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objective Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to PD pathogenesis, with the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) system playing a protective role. HRD1, an ER-resident ubiquitin ligase, and its stabilizer SEL1L are involved in ERAD and neuronal survival. This study investigated alterations in the plasma levels of microRNA-101 (miR-101), which targets SEL1L, in patients with PD, and its potential role as a biomarker.
Results Plasma miR-101 levels in patients with PD significantly decreased compared with those in healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that miR-101 could moderately discriminate patients with PD from healthy individuals (area under the curve?=?0.781, 95% confidence interval?=?0.547?1.00). The optimal cutoff, as determined by the Youden index, was 0.737 (expression ratio relative to that in the healthy control group), yielding a sensitivity of 50% and specificity of 100%. These results suggested that reduced plasma miR-101 expression may reflect the pathophysiological state of PD, and miR-101 has potential as minimally invasive biomarker for PD. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OmuraTomohiro en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiguchiHiroki en-aut-sei=Nishiguchi en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanedaHaruka en-aut-sei=Kaneda en-aut-mei=Haruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitahiroYumi en-aut-sei=Kitahiro en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoharaKotaro en-aut-sei=Itohara en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaneToshiyasu en-aut-sei=Sakane en-aut-mei=Toshiyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoIkuko en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Ikuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Integrated Clinical and Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Parkinson’s disease kn-keyword=Parkinson’s disease en-keyword=microRNA kn-keyword=microRNA en-keyword=Endoplasmic reticulum stress kn-keyword=Endoplasmic reticulum stress en-keyword=HRD1 kn-keyword=HRD1 en-keyword=SEL1L kn-keyword=SEL1L END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260707 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Sex differences and contest experience shape walking patterns in the broad-horned flour beetle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Animal movement patterns vary widely across species, and sex differences are often expected because males typically need to encounter multiple females and acquire resources. In species where males engage in male?male combat using exaggerated weapons, variation in weapon size and contest outcomes is known to influence male reproductive strategies, and may therefore also affect movement behavior. However, sex-specific and male-specific differences in locomotor behavior, particularly in relation to weapon size and social interactions, remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated walking trajectories in the broad-horned flour beetle (Gnatocerus cornutus) to test for (1) sex differences, (2) associations between male weapon size and movement behavior, and (3) the effects of male?male combat. Males exhibited more tortuous and localized movement, whereas females showed straighter and more spatially extensive trajectories. Following contests, all males showed a reduction in activity regardless of contest outcome; however, winners and losers exhibited divergent changes in movement patterns, with winners showing straighter and more spatially extensive trajectories and losers showing more tortuous and localized trajectories. In contrast, body-size-corrected weapon size was not associated with any aspect of walking behavior. These results indicate that locomotor behavior in G. cornutus varies with sex and contest experience, and that variation in walking behavior is more closely associated with social experience than with weapon morphology. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumuraKentarou en-aut-sei=Matsumura en-aut-mei=Kentarou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashiokaSora en-aut-sei=Hashioka en-aut-mei=Sora kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagayaNaohisa en-aut-sei=Nagaya en-aut-mei=Naohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyatakeTakahisa en-aut-sei=Miyatake en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Kyoto Sangyo University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Kitakyushu, kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Turning angle kn-keyword=Turning angle en-keyword= Acceleration kn-keyword= Acceleration en-keyword=Male-male combat kn-keyword=Male-male combat en-keyword=Weapon kn-keyword=Weapon en-keyword=ANTAM kn-keyword=ANTAM END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260722 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=裏表紙・英文目次 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260722 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Die Agrarstruktur in Sachsen im 19. Jahrhundert（6） kn-title=19世紀ザクセンの土地制度（６） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoNobushige en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Nobushige kn-aut-name=松尾展成 kn-aut-sei=松尾 kn-aut-mei=展成 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学名誉教授 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260722 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Historical Shifts in the Scope of the Biological Concept in IAS 41 and AASB 1037 kn-title=IAS41 と AASB1037 における生物の範囲設定に関する歴史的変遷 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaKohei en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name=吉田浩平 kn-aut-sei=吉田 kn-aut-mei=浩平 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=東京大学大学院総合文化研究科博士課程 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260722 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Current State and Challenges of the Academic Economics Job Market in China: An Analysis of Incentive Structures Based on Crowdsourced Data kn-title=中国における経済学アカデミック・ジョブマーケットの現状と課題 ―クラウドソーシング・データに基づくインセンティブ構造の分析― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangRuiting en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ruiting kn-aut-name=王睿霆 kn-aut-sei=王 kn-aut-mei=睿霆 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学経済学部 END