Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 79 6 2025 Effects of Thoron Inhalation and Cyclosporin A Treatment on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Oxidative Damage in Mice 421 429 EN Ayumi Tanaka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Shota Naoe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Reiju Takenaka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Norie Kanzaki Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Akihiro Sakoda Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Kiyonori Yamaoka Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Takahiro Kataoka Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Original Article 10.18926/AMO/69844 Radon (222Rn; Rn) and thoron (220Rn; Tn) inhalation have been reported to enhance antioxidant activity in various organs. However, the effects of Tn on the colon have not been investigated. This study aimed to clarify the effects of Tn inhalation, alone and in combination with cyclosporin A (CsA), on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, and the accompanying oxidative stress, in mice. Male BALB/c mice were subjected to continuous 8-day Tn inhalation (c-Tn, 533±128 Bq/m3) or alternate-day Tn inhalation over the same period (f-Tn, 577±63Bq/m3), followed by treatment with 3% DSS and either CsA or vehicle for 7 days. Although the disease activity index (DAI) decreased significantly by day 2 in the c-Tn group, scores remained significantly higher than those in the f-Tn group. In the c-Tn group, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in the colon were significantly elevated compared with those in sham controls. Thus, DSS-induced damage was effectively inhibited in the earlier stages by the c-Tn mode of inhalation than by the f-Tn mode. These findings suggest that continuous Tn inhalation more effectively attenuated early colitis symptoms than alternate-day inhalation, potentially through upregulation of antioxidant defenses. Tn and CsA showed no combined effects. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

MDPI AG Acta Medica Okayama 2227-9032 13 12 2025 Association Between Chewing Status and Steatotic Liver Disease in Japanese People Aged ≥50 Years: A Cohort Study 1399 EN Komei Iwai Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University Daisuke Ekuni Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Tetsuji Azuma Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University Takatoshi Yonenaga Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University Koichiro Tabata Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University Naoki Toyama Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kota Kataoka Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Takayuki Maruyama Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Takaaki Tomofuji Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University Background/Objectives: In this longitudinal study, the relationship between chewing status and steatotic liver disease (SLD) was examined in 3775 people aged ≥50 years who underwent medical checkups at Junpukai Health Maintenance Center in Okayama, Japan. Methods: Participants without SLD at the time of a baseline survey in 2018 were followed until 2022. Chewing status was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. The presence or absence of SLD was ascertained from the medical records of Junpukai Health Maintenance Center. Results: A total of 541 participants (14%) were diagnosed as having a poor chewing status at baseline. Furthermore, 318 (8%) participants were newly diagnosed with SLD at follow-up. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, the presence or absence of SLD was found to be associated with the following characteristics at baseline: sex (male: odds ratio [ORs] = 1.806; 95% confidence interval [CIs]: 1.399–2.351), age (ORs = 0.969; 95% CIs: 0.948–0.991), body mass index (≥25.0 kg/m2; ORs = 1.934; 95% CIs: 1.467–2.549), diastolic blood pressure (ORs = 1.017; 95% CIs: 1.002–1.032), and chewing status (poor: ORs = 1.472; 95% CIs: 1.087–1.994). Conclusions: The results indicate that a poor chewing status was associated with SLD development after 4 years. Aggressively recommending dental visits to participants with poor chewing status may not only improve their ability to chew well but may also reduce the incidence of SLD. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

MDPI Acta Medica Okayama 2227-9032 13 6 2025 Effects of Trehalose on Halitosis: A Randomized Cross-Over Clinical Trial 619 EN Hisataka Miyai Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Takaaki Tomofuji Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University Hirofumi Mizuno Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Manabu Morita Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Takarazuka University of Medical and Health Care Momoko Nakahara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Kota Kataoka Department of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Ichiro Sumita Department of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Yurika Uchida Department of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Naoki Toyama Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Aya Yokoi Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Reiko Yamanaka-Kohno Department of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Noriko Takeuchi Department of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Takayuki Maruyama Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Daisuke Ekuni Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Background/Objectives: Halitosis is a condition characterized by an unpleasant malodor. Intra-oral halitosis is caused by volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) and can be associated with oral dryness. Trehalose is one of the materials used to relieve oral dryness. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of trehalose on halitosis. Methods: This prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, cross-over study enrolled volunteers from Okayama University Hospital. The participants were randomly divided into two groups, with one group receiving trehalose (a 10% trehalose solution) and the other receiving a placebo (distilled water) in a 1:1 allocation. The primary study outcome was the subjective organoleptic test. The secondary outcomes were the concentrations of the VSCs, which were measured using a portable gas chromatography device, and the oral moisture status, which was measured using an oral moisture meter. The planned sample size was 10 participants based on the previous study. Results: The final intention-to-treat analysis was performed using the data from 9 participants. After applying 10% trehalose as an oral spray, the organoleptic score decreased in a time-dependent manner. However, no significant differences were seen between the trehalose and placebo groups. In terms of secondary outcomes, the oral moisture levels increased immediately after the trehalose spray application, and significant differences in the amount of change from the baseline were seen between the trehalose and placebo groups (p = 0.047). No significant differences were seen in any of the other variables (p > 0.05). Conclusions: We could not identify any positive effects on halitosis from a one-time 10% trehalose application as an oral spray in this prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. However, the trehalose application immediately improved the oral moisture levels and was useful for treating oral dryness. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科 Acta Medica Okayama 1881-1671 59 2025 共助による交通手段の確保に係る地域的対応 ―岡山県内を例に― 65 81 EN Katsumi KATAOKA 10.18926/68541 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Nature Portfolio Acta Medica Okayama 2045-2322 15 1 2025 Local-structure insight into the improved superconducting properties of Pb-substituted La(O, F)BiS2: a photoelectron holography study 8366 EN Yajun Li Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Yusuke Hashimoto Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Noriyuki Kataoka Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Zexu Sun Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Sota Kawamura Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Hiroto Tomita Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Taro Setoguchi Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Soichiro Takeuchi Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Shunjo Koga Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Kohei Yamagami Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) Yoshinori Kotani Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI) Satoshi Demura Department of Physics, College of Science and Technology(CST), Nihon University Kanako Noguchi Tokyo University of Science Hideaki Sakata Tokyo University of Science Tomohiro Matsushita Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Takanori Wakita Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Yuji Muraoka Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Takayoshi Yokoya Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Pb-substituted La(O, F)BiS2 (Pb-LaOFBiS2) exhibits improved superconducting properties and a resistivity anomaly around 100 K that is attributed to a structural transition. We have performed temperature(T)-dependent photoelectron holography (PEH) to study dopant incorporation sites and the local structure change across the anomaly. The PEH study of Pb-LaOFBiS2 provided evidence for the dominant incorporation sites of Pb and F: Pb atoms are incorporated into the Bi sites and F atoms are incorporated into the O site. No remarkable difference in the local structures around Pb and Bi atoms was observed. Across the temperature of the resistivity anomaly (T*), photoelectron holograms of Bi 4f changed. Comparisons of holograms with those of non-substituted LaOFBiS2 sample, as well as simulated holograms, suggested that (1), above T*, the tetragonal structure of Pb-LaOFBiS2 is different from the tetragonal structure of LaOFBiS2 and (2), below T*, the tetragonal structure still remains in Pb-LaOFBiS2. We discuss a possible origin of the difference in the structure above T* and the implication of the result below T*, which are necessary ingredients to understand the physical properties of Pb-LaOFBiS2. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 78 5 2024 Effect of Radon Inhalation on Murine Brain Proteins: Investigation Using Proteomic and Multivariate Analyses 387 399 EN Shota Naoe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Ayumi Tanaka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Norie Kanzaki Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Reiju Takenaka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Akihiro Sakoda Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Takaaki Miyaji Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University Kiyonori Yamaoka Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Takahiro Kataoka Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Original Article 10.18926/AMO/67663 Radon is a known risk factor for lung cancer; however, it can be used beneficially, such as in radon therapy. We have previously reported the enhancement of antioxidant effects associated with trace amounts of oxidative stress as one of the positive biological effects of radon inhalation. However, the biological effects of radon inhalation are incompletely understood, and more detailed and comprehensive studies are required. Although several studies have used proteomics to investigate the effects of radon inhalation on body proteins, none has focused on brain proteins. In this study, we evaluated the expression status of proteins in murine brains using proteomic and multivariate analyses to identify those whose expressions changed following two days of radon inhalation at a concentration of 1,500 Bq/m3. We found associations of radon inhalation with the expressions of seven proteins related to neurotransmission and heat shock. These proteins may be proposed as biomarkers indicative of radon inhalation. Although further studies are required to obtain the detailed biological significance of these protein alterations, this study contributes to the elucidation of the biological effects of radon inhalation as a low-dose radiation. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 78 4 2024 Middle-Ear Salivary Gland Choristoma with Congenital, Single-Sided Hearing Loss 349 355 EN Yuichiro Tominaga Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Citizens Hospital Akiko Sugaya Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Shin Kariya Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital Aiko Shimizu Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yuko Kataoka Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Mizuo Ando Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Case Report 10.18926/AMO/67554 Middle-ear salivary gland choristoma (SGCh) is a rare, benign tumor that causes conductive hearing loss owing to middle-ear morphological abnormalities. Early diagnosis is challenging, and surgical resection is indispensable for a definitive diagnosis. We report the case of a 3-year-old boy diagnosed with middle-ear SGCh during the follow-up period for left-sided hearing loss discovered at newborn hearing screening (NHS). Long-term follow-up after the NHS result, subsequent computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical resection led to its relatively early diagnosis and treatment. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科 Acta Medica Okayama 1881-1671 56 2023 中山間地域における公共交通維持に係る地域的対応―岡山県美作市を例に― 53 72 EN Katsumi KATAOKA 10.18926/66517 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

IOP Publishing Acta Medica Okayama 0021-4922 62 12 2023 Photoelectron holographic evidence for the incorporation site of Se and suppressed atomic displacement of the conducting layer of La(O,F)BiSSe 125001 EN YaJun Li Engineering Research Center of Integrated Circuit Packaging and Testing, Ministry of Education, Tianshui Normal University ZeXu Sun Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Noriyuki Kataoka Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Taro Setoguchi Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Yusuke Hashimoto Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Soichiro Takeuchi Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Shunjo Koga Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Kazuhisa Hoshi Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University Yoshikazu Mizuguchi Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University Tomohiro Matsushita Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) Takanori Wakita Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Yuji Muraoka Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Takayoshi Yokoya Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University La(O,F)BiS2-xSex is a layered material that is considered to be a candidate exotic superconductor as well as a promising thermoelectrical material. We performed soft X-ray photoelectron holography to study the Se incorporation site and the local atomic arrangement of the conducting layer. A comparison of the experimental holograms with the simulated holograms indicates that Se atoms preferentially occupy the S sites in the conducting Bi–S plane of La(O,F)BiS2. A comparison between the state-of-the-art holographic reconstructions of La(O,F)BiSSe and La(O,F)BiS2 suggests that Se substitution suppresses the displacement of S atoms in La(O,F)BiS2. These results provide photoelectron holographic evidence for the Se incorporation site and the Se-induced suppression of in-plane disorder. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 77 6 2023 Cochlear Implantation in the Poorer-Hearing Ear Is a Reasonable Choice 589 593 EN Ryotaro Omichi Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Shin Kariya Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kawasaki Medial University Yukihide Maeda Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kunihiro Fukushima Hayashima Clinic of Otolaryngology and Dermatology Yuko Kataoka Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Akiko Sugaya Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kazunori Nishizaki Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Mizuo Ando Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Original Article 10.18926/AMO/66150 Choosing the optimal side for cochlear implantation (CI) remains a major challenge because of the lack of evidence. We investigated the choice of the surgery side for CI (i.e., the better- or poorer-hearing ear) in patients with asymmetric hearing. Audiological records of 74 adults with a unilateral hearing aid who had undergone surgery at Okayama University Hospital were reviewed. The definition of ‘better-hearing ear’ was the aided ear, and the unaided ear was considered the poorer-hearing ear. We performed a multiple regression analysis to identify potential predictors of speech recognition performance after unilateral CI in the patients. Fifty-two patients underwent CI in the poorer-hearing ear. The post-Ci bimodal hearing rate was far higher in the poorer-ear group (77.8% vs. 22.2%). A multivariate analysis revealed that prelingual hearing loss and the patient’s age at CI significantly affected the speech recognition outcome (beta coefficients: 24.6 and −0.33, 95% confidence intervals [11.75-37.45] and [−0.58 to −0.09], respectively), but the CI surgery side did not (−6.76, [−14.92-1.39]). Unilateral CI in the poorer-hearing ear may therefore be a reasonable choice for adult patients with postlingual severe hearing loss, providing a greater opportunity for postoperative bimodal hearing. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2005 右室低形成を伴う純型肺動脈閉鎖・肺動脈狭窄症に対する治療戦略 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 77 4 2023 Association between Radon Hot Spring Bathing and Health Conditions: A Cross-Sectional Study in Misasa, Japan 387 394 EN Takahiro Kataoka Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences Hiroshi Habu Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Ayumi Tanaka Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences Shota Naoe Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences Kaito Murakami Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences Yuki Fujimoto Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences Ryohei Yukimine Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences Soshi Takao Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Fumihiro Mitsunobu Department of Longevity and Social Medicine (Geriatrics), Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Takashi Yorifuji Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kiyonori Yamaoka Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences Original Article 10.18926/AMO/65749 No epidemiological studies have examined the health effects of daily bathing in radon hot springs. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the associations between radon hot spring bathing and health conditions. The target population was 5,250 adults ≥ 20 years old in the town of Misasa, Japan. We collected information about the participants’ bathing habits and alleviation of a variety of disease symptoms, and their self-rated health (SRH). Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. In both the adjusted and unadjusted models of hypertension, significant associations between the > 1×/week hot spring bathing and the alleviation of hypertension symptoms were observed compared to the group whose hot spring bathing was <1×/week: adjusted model, OR 5.40 (95%CI: 1.98-14.74); unadjusted model, 3.67 (1.50-8.99) and for gastroenteritis: adjusted model, 9.18 (1.15-72.96); unadjusted model, 7.62 (1.59-36.49). Compared to the no-bathing group, higher SRH was significantly associated with both bathing < 1×/week: unadjusted model, 2.27 (1.53-3.37) and > 1×/week: adjusted model, 1.91 (1.15-3.19). These findings suggest that bathing in radon hot springs is associated with higher SRH and the alleviation of hypertension and gastroenteritis. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Department of Otolaryngology, Okayama University Hospital Acta Medica Okayama 2023 Important things in school life for elementary, junior high, and high school students with hearing loss: 20 tips to support them better: Teacher’s Edition -simplified version- EN Yuko Kataoka Department of Otolaryngology, Okayama University Hospital 10.18926/65475 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Department of Otolaryngology, Okayama University Hospital Acta Medica Okayama 2023 Communication Support for People with APD: Schools/Workplaces EN Yuko Kataoka Department of Otolaryngology, Okayama University Hospital 10.18926/65474 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Hospital Hearing Health Center Acta Medica Okayama 2023 Important things in school life for elementary, junior high, and high school students with hearing loss (Teacher’s Edition) EN Yuko Kataoka Okayama University Hospital Hearing Health Center Atsuko Nakagawa Okayama University Hospital Hearing Health Center 10.18926/65473 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Oxford University Press Acta Medica Okayama 0449-3060 64 4 2023 Effects of low-dose/high-dose-rate X-irradiation on oxidative stress in organs following forced swim test and its combined effects on alcohol-induced liver damage in mice 635 643 EN Shota Naoe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Yuki Fujimoto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Kaito Murakami Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Ryohei Yukimine Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Ayumi Tanaka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Kiyonori Yamaoka Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Takahiro Kataoka Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University The liver's susceptibility to oxidative stress after a combination of forced swim test (FST) and low-dose-rate gamma-irradiation has been observed. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the effects of low-dose (0.1 and 0.5 Gy)/high-dose-rate (1.2 Gy/min) irradiation on combined oxidative stressors-liver damage associated with FST and alcohol administration. In addition, the effects of similar irradiation on FST-induced immobility, which induces psychomotor retardation, and antioxidative effects on the brain, lungs, liver and kidneys were investigated, and the results were compared with those of a similar previous study that utilized low-dose-rate irradiation. Low-dose/high-dose-rate (especially 0.5 Gy) irradiation temporarily worsened liver antioxidant function and hepatic function with FST- and alcohol administration-related oxidative damage; however, the damages improved soon after. In addition, the increase in total glutathione content in the liver contributed to the early improvement of hepatic functions. However, pre-irradiation did not suppress immobility during the FST. The results also suggested that the effects of low-dose/high-dose-rate irradiation on the antioxidant functions of each organ after the FST were different from those of low-dose/low-dose-rate irradiation. Overall, this study provides further insights into the effects of low-dose irradiation on exposure to a combination of different oxidative stressors. It will also contribute to the elucidation of dose rate effects on oxidative stress in the low-dose irradiation range. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

MDPI Acta Medica Okayama 1660-4601 19 17 2022 Immunomodulatory Effects of Radon Inhalation on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Mice 10632 EN Takahiro Kataoka Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Shota Naoe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Kaito Murakami Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Yuki Fujimoto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Ryohei Yukimine Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Ayumi Tanaka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Kiyonori Yamaoka Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Typical indications for radon therapy include autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We had previously reported that radon inhalation inhibits Th17 immune responses in RA mice by activating Th1 and Th2 immune responses. However, there are no reports on how radon inhalation affects the activated Th1 and Th17 immune responses, and these findings may be useful for identifying new indications for radon therapy. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of radon inhalation on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response, focusing on the expression of related cytokines and antioxidant function. Male BALB/c mice were exposed to 2000 Bq/m(3) radon for one day. Immediately after radon inhalation, LPS was administered intraperitoneally at 1.0 mg/kg body weight for 4 h. LPS administration increased the levels of Th1- and Th17-prone cytokines, such as interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, compared to no treatment control (sham). However, these effects were suppressed by radon inhalation. IL-10 levels were significantly increased by LPS administration, with or without radon inhalation, compared to sham. However, radon inhalation did not inhibit oxidative stress induced by LPS administration. These findings suggest that radon inhalation has immunomodulatory but not antioxidative functions in LPS-induced injury. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Radiation Research Society and Japanese Society for Radiation Oncology. Acta Medica Okayama 0449-3060 2022 Potential inhibitory effects of low-dose thoron inhalation and ascorbic acid administration on alcohol-induced hepatopathy in mice EN Takahiro Kataoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Tsuyoshi Ishida Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Shota Naoe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Norie Kanzaki Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Akihiro Sakoda Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Hiroshi Tanaka Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Fumihiro Mitsunobu Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Kiyonori Yamaoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Although thoron inhalation exerts antioxidative effects in several organs, there are no reports on whether it inhibits oxidative stress-induced damage. In this study, we examined the combined effects of thoron inhalation and ascorbic acid (AA) administration on alcohol-induced liver damage. Mice were subjected to thoron inhalation at 500 or 2000 Bq/m(3) and were administered 50% ethanol (alcohol) and 300 mg/kg AA. Results showed that although alcohol administration increased the levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in the serum, the combination of thoron inhalation (500 Bq/m(3)) and AA administration 24 h after alcohol administration effectively inhibited alcohol-induced liver damage. The combination of thoron inhalation (500 Bq/m(3)) and AA administration 24 h after alcohol administration increased catalase (CAT) activity. Alcohol administration significantly decreased glutathione (GSH) levels in the liver. The GSH content in the liver after 2000 Bq/m(3) thoron inhalation was lower than that after 500 Bq/m(3) thoron inhalation. These findings suggest that the combination of thoron inhalation at 500 Bq/m(3) and AA administration has positive effects on the recovery from alcohol-induced liver damage. The results also suggested that thoron inhalation at 500 Bq/m(3) was more effective than that at 2000 Bq/m(3), possibly because of the decrease in GSH content in the liver. In conclusion, the combination of thoron inhalation at 500 Bq/m(3) and AA administration promoted an early recovery from alcohol-induced liver damage. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

MDPI Acta Medica Okayama 2076-2607 10 5 2022 Maternal Gut Microbiome Decelerates Fetal Endochondral Bone Formation by Inducing Inflammatory Reaction 1000 EN Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara Department of Oral Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Takako Hattori Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Shanqi Fu Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Sei Kondo Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Miho Kuwahara Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Daiki Fukuhara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Md Monirul Islam Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Kota Kataoka Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Daisuke Ekuni Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Satoshi Kubota Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Manabu Morita Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Mika Iikegame Department of Oral Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Hirohiko Okamura Department of Oral Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University To investigate the effect of the maternal gut microbiome on fetal endochondral bone formation, fetuses at embryonic day 18 were obtained from germ-free (GF) and specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pregnant mothers. Skeletal preparation of the fetuses' whole bodies did not show significant morphological alterations; however, micro-CT analysis of the tibiae showed a lower bone volume fraction in the SPF tibia. Primary cultured chondrocytes from fetal SPF rib cages showed a lower cell proliferation and lower accumulation of the extracellular matrix. RNA-sequencing analysis showed the induction of inflammation-associated genes such as the interleukin (IL) 17 receptor, IL 6, and immune-response genes in SPF chondrocytes. These data indicate that the maternal gut microbiome in SPF mice affects fetal embryonic endochondral ossification, possibly by changing the expression of genes related to inflammation and the immune response in fetal cartilage. The gut microbiome may modify endochondral ossification in the fetal chondrocytes passing through the placenta. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

The Society for Free Radical Research Japan Acta Medica Okayama 0912-0009 70 2 2022 Confirmation of efficacy, elucidation of mechanism, and new search for indications of radon therapy 87 92 EN Kiyonori Yamaoka Health Sciences, Institute of Academic and Research, Okayama University Takahiro Kataoka Health Sciences, Institute of Academic and Research, Okayama University Indications of radon therapy include various diseases related to respiratory, painful, digestive, chronic degenerative, senile, etc. derived from reactive oxygen species, but most are based on empirical prescriptions. For this reason, we have evaluated the relation between the biological response caused by radon and the tissue/organ absorbed dose more quantitatively, and have promoted the elucidation of mechanisms related to the indication and searching newly. As a result, as a mechanism, a series of moderate physiological stimulative effects accompanying a small amount of oxidative stress by radon inhalation are being elucidated. That is, hyperfunction of anti-oxidation/immune regulation/damage repair, promotion of anti-inflammation/circulating metabolism/hormone secretion, induction of apoptosis/heat shock protein, etc. Also, new indications include inflammatory/neuropathic pain, hepatic/renal injury, colitis, type 1 diabetes, complication kidney injury, hyperuricemia, transient cerebral ischemia, and inflammatory edema. Furthermore, we examined the combined antioxidant effect of radon inhalation and antioxidants or therapeutic agents. As a result, it was clear that any combination treatment could enhance the suppression effect of disease. It can be expected that radon therapy can be used effectively by applying it in addition to usual treatment, since reduction in its dosage can also be expected by concomitant use for drugs with strong side effects. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

The Society for Free Radical Research Japan Acta Medica Okayama 0912-0009 70 2 2022 Mechanisms of action of radon therapy on cytokine levels in normal mice and rheumatoid arthritis mouse model 154 159 EN Takahiro Kataoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Shota Naoe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Kaito Murakami Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Ryohei Yukimine Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Yuki Fujimoto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Norie Kanzaki Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Akihiro Sakoda Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Fumihiro Mitsunobu Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Kiyonori Yamaoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University The typical indication of radon therapy is rheumatoid arthritis. Although there are several reports that radon therapy has regulation effects on Th17 cells, there has been no study reporting that radon inhalation affects the immune balance among Th1, Th2, and Th17. The purpose of this study is to examine the cytokine changes after radon inhalation. BALB/c mice inhaled radon at 2,000 Bq/m3 for 2 or 4 weeks. SKG/Jcl mice inhaled radon at 2,000 Bq/m3 for 4 weeks after zymosan administration. The results showed that radon inhalation for 4 weeks activated the immune response of Th1, Th2, and Th17. Moreover, the balance among them was not lost by radon inhalation. Radon inhalation for 4 weeks decreased superoxide dismutase activity and increased catalase activity in spleen. These findings suggest that an imbalance of oxidative stress may contribute to activate the immune response. Although zymosan administration activated Th17 immune response and decreased Th1 and Th2 immune response in SKG/Jcl mice, most cytokines related to Th1, Th2, and Th17 approached the normal level by radon inhalation. These findings suggested that radon inhalation has a different action between SKG/Jcl mice and normal BABL/c mice. This may indicate that radon inhalation has an immunomodulation function. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学病院 耳鼻咽喉科 Acta Medica Okayama 2022 難聴をもつ小・中・高校生の学校生活で大切なこと : 難聴児への関わり方がよく分かる20のヒント : 先生編, 1枚で理解できる！簡略版 EN Yuko Kataoka 10.18926/63370 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学病院 耳鼻咽喉科 Acta Medica Okayama 2022 APDの方へのコミュニケーション支援 : 学校・職場編 EN Yuko Kataoka 10.18926/63051 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Oxford University Press Acta Medica Okayama 0449-3060 62 5 2021 Radon inhalation decreases DNA damage induced by oxidative stress in mouse organs via the activation of antioxidative functions 861 867 EN Takahiro Kataoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Hina Shuto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Shota Naoe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Junki Yano Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Norie Kanzaki Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Akihiro Sakoda Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Hiroshi Tanaka Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Katsumi Hanamoto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Fumihiro Mitsunobu Graduate School ofMedicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Hiroaki Terato Advanced Science Research Center Okayama University Kiyonori Yamaoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Radon inhalation decreases the level of lipid peroxide (LPO); this is attributed to the activation of antioxidative functions. This activation contributes to the beneficial effects of radon therapy, but there are no studies on the risks of radon therapy, such as DNA damage. We evaluated the effect of radon inhalation on DNA damage caused by oxidative stress and explored the underlying mechanisms. Mice were exposed to radon inhalation at concentrations of 2 or 20 kBq/m(3) (for one, three, or 10 days). The 8-hydroxy-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels decreased in the brains of mice that inhaled 20 kBq/m(3) radon for three days and in the kidneys of mice that inhaled 2 or 20 kBq/m(3) radon for one, three or 10 days. The 8-OHdG levels in the small intestine decreased by approximately 20-40% (2 kBq/m(3) for three days or 20 kBq/m(3) for one, three or 10 days), but there were no significant differences in the 8-OHdG levels between mice that inhaled a sham treatment and those that inhaled radon. There was no significant change in the levels of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase, which plays an important role in DNA repair. However, the level of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased by 15-60% and 15-45% in the small intestine and kidney, respectively, following radon inhalation. These results suggest that Mn-SOD probably plays an important role in the inhibition of oxidative DNA damage. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Oxford Univ Press Acta Medica Okayama 0449-3060 62 3 2021 Evaluation of the redox state in mouse organs following radon inhalation 390 400 EN Takahiro Kataoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Norie Kanzaki Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Akihiro Sakoda Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Hina Shuto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Junki Yano Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Shota Naoe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Hiroshi Tanaka Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Katsumi Hanamoto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Hiroaki Terato Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University Fumihiro Mitsunobu Graduate School ofMedicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Kiyonori Yamaoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Radon inhalation activates antioxidative functions in mouse organs, thereby contributing to inhibition of oxidative stress-induced damage. However, the specific redox state of each organ after radon inhalation has not been reported. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the redox state of various organs in mice following radon inhalation at concentrations of 2 or 20 kBq/m(3) for 1, 3 or 10 days. Scatter plots were used to evaluate the relationship between antioxidative function and oxidative stress by principal component analysis (PCA) of data from control mice subjected to sham inhalation. The results of principal component (PC) 1 showed that the liver and kidney had high antioxidant capacity; the results of PC2 showed that the brain, pancreas and stomach had low antioxidant capacities and low lipid peroxide (LPO) content, whereas the lungs, heart, small intestine and large intestine had high LPO content but low antioxidant capacities. Furthermore, using the PCA of each obtained cluster, we observed altered correlation coefficients related to glutathione, hydrogen peroxide and LPO for all groups following radon inhalation. Correlation coefficients related to superoxide dismutase in organs with a low antioxidant capacity were also changed. These findings suggested that radon inhalation could alter the redox state in organs; however, its characteristics were dependent on the total antioxidant capacity of the organs as well as the radon concentration and inhalation time. The insights obtained from this study could be useful for developing therapeutic strategies targeting individual organs. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Springer Science and Business Media LLC Acta Medica Okayama 0015-5632 63 5 2018 Unusual oral mucosal microbiota after hematopoietic cell transplantation with glycopeptide antibiotics: potential association with pathophysiology of oral mucositis 587 597 EN Misato Muro Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Yoshihiko Soga Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Tomoko Higuchi Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Kota Kataoka Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Daisuke Ekuni Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yoshinobu Maeda Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Manabu Morita Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Severe oral mucositis occurs frequently in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). Oral mucosal bacteria can be associated with progression of oral mucositis, and systemic infection may occur via ulcerative oral mucositis. However, little information is available regarding the oral microbiota after HCT. Here, PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was performed to characterize the oral mucosal microbiota, which can be affected by antibiotics, before and after HCT. Sixty reduced-intensity HCT patients were enrolled. Three patients with the least antibiotic use (quinolone prophylaxis and/or β-lactam monotherapy group) and three patients with the most antibiotic use (β-lactam-glycopeptide combination therapy group) were selected. Bacterial DNA samples obtained from the oral mucosa before and after HCT were subjected to PCR-DGGE. The trajectory of oral mucositis was evaluated. The oral mucosal microbiota in the β-lactam-glycopeptide combination therapy group was different from that in the quinolone prophylaxis and/or β-lactam monotherapy group, and Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. were identified. Lautropia mirabilis was dominant in one patient. Ulcerative oral mucositis was observed only in the β-lactam-glycopeptide combination therapy group. In conclusion, especially with the use of strong antibiotics, such as glycopeptides, the oral mucosal microbiota differed completely from that under normal conditions, and consisted of Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and unexpectedly L. mirabilis. The normal oral microbiota consists not only of bacteria, but these unexpected bacteria could be involved in the pathophysiology as well as systemic infection via oral mucositis. Our results can be used as the basis for future studies in larger patient populations. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学病院 耳鼻咽喉科 Acta Medica Okayama 2021 難聴をもつ小・中・高校生の学校生活で大切なこと : 先生編 EN Yuko Kataoka Atsuko Nakagawa 10.18926/61938 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 75 2 2021 The Effects of Low-Dose-Rate γ-irradiation on Forced Swim Test-Induced Immobility and Oxidative Stress in Mice 169 175 EN Tetsuya Nakada Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Takahiro Kataoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Takaharu Nomura Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Hina Shuto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Junki Yano Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Shota Naoe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Katsumi Hanamoto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Kiyonori Yamaoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Original Article 10.18926/AMO/61896 The forced swim test (FST) induces immobility in mice. Low-dose (high-dose-rate) X-irradiation inhibits FSTinduced immobility in mice due to its antioxidative function. We evaluated the effects of low-dose γ-irradiation at a low-dose-rate on the FST-induced depletion of antioxidants in mouse organs. Mice received whole-body low-dose-rate (0.6 or 3.0 mGy/h) of low-dose γ-irradiation for 1 week, followed by daily FSTs (5 days). The immobility rate on day 2 compared to day 1 was significantly lower in the 3.0 mGy/h irradiated mice than in sham irradiated mice. The FST significantly decreased the catalase (CAT) activity and total glutathione (t-GSH) content in the brain and kidney, respectively. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and t-GSH content in the liver of the 3.0 mGy/h irradiated mice were significantly lower than those of the non-FST-treated mice. The CAT activity in the lungs of mice exposed to 3.0 mGy/h γ-irradiation was higher than that of non-FST treated mice and mice treated with FST. However, no significant differences were observed in the levels of these antioxidant markers between the sham and irradiated groups except for the CAT activity in lungs. These findings suggest that the effects of low-dose-rate and low-dose γ-irradiation on FST are highly organ-dependent. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

IOP Publishing Acta Medica Okayama 0953-8984 33 3 2020 Soft x-ray irradiation induced metallization of layered TiNCl 035501 EN Noriyuki Kataoka Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Masashi Tanaka Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology Wataru Hosoda Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Takumi Taniguchi Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Shin-ichi Fujimori Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Takanori Wakita Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Yuji Muraoka Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Takayoshi Yokoya Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University We have performed soft x-ray spectroscopy in order to study the photoirradiation time dependence of the valence band structure and chemical states of layered transition metal nitride chloride TiNCl. Under the soft x-ray irradiation, the intensities of the states near the Fermi level (EF) and the Ti3+ component increased, while the Cl 2p intensity decreased. Ti 2p–3d resonance photoemission spectroscopy confirmed a distinctive Fermi edge with Ti 3d character. These results indicate the photo-induced metallization originates from deintercalation due to Cl desorption, and thus provide a new carrier doping method that controls the conducting properties of TiNCl. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

MDPI Acta Medica Okayama 1660-4601 18 1 2021 Living with Family Is Directly Associated with Regular Dental Checkup and Indirectly Associated with Gingival Status among Japanese University Students: A 3-Year Cohort Study 324 EN Momoko Nakahara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Daisuke Ekuni Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kota Kataoka Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Aya Yokoi Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Daiki Fukuhara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Terumasa Kobayashi Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Naoki Toyama Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Hikari Saho Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Md Monirul Islam Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yoshiaki Iwasaki Health Service Center, Okayama University Manabu Morita Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Although some studies showed that lifestyle was associated with oral health behavior, few studies investigated the association between household type and oral health behavior. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the association between household type, oral health behavior, and periodontal status among Japanese university students. Data were obtained from 377 students who received oral examinations and self-questionnaires in 2016 and 2019. We assessed periodontal status using the percentage of bleeding on probing (%BOP), probing pocket depth, oral hygiene status, oral health behaviors, and related factors. We used structural equation modeling to determine the association between household type, oral health behaviors, gingivitis, and periodontitis. At follow-up, 252 students did not live with their families. The mean +/- standard deviation of %BOP was 35.5 +/- 24.7 at baseline and 32.1 +/- 25.3 at follow-up. In the final model, students living with their families were significantly more likely to receive regular dental checkup than those living alone. Regular checkup affected the decrease in calculus. The decrease in calculus affected the decrease in %BOP over 3 years. Living with family was directly associated with regular dental checkups and indirectly contributed to gingival status among Japanese university students. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

OXFORD UNIV PRESS Acta Medica Okayama 0449-3060 61 4 2020 X-Irradiation at 0.5 Gy after the forced swim test reduces forced swimming-induced immobility in mice 517 523 EN Takahiro Kataoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Hina Shuto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Junki Yano Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Shota Naoe Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Tsuyoshi Ishida Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Tetsuya Nakada Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Keiko Yamato Laboratory of Neurology and Neurosurgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Katsumi Hanamoto Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Takaharu Nomura Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Kiyonori Yamaoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University The forced swim test (FST) is a screening model for antidepressant activity; it causes immobility and induces oxidative stress. We previously reported that radon inhalation has antidepressant-like effects in mice potentially through the activation of antioxidative functions upon radon inhalation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of prior and post low-dose X-irradiation (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 Gy) on FST-induced immobility and oxidative stress in the mouse brain, and the differences, if any, between the two. Mice received X-irradiation before or after the FST repeatedly for 5 days. In the post-FST-irradiated group, an additional FST was conducted 4h after the last irradiation. Consequently, animals receiving prior X-irradiation (0.1 Gy) had better mobility outcomes than sham-irradiated mice; however, their levels of lipid peroxide (LPO), an oxidative stress marker, remained unchanged. However, animals that received post-FST X-irradiation (0.5 Gy) had better mobility outcomes and their LPO levels were significantly lower than those of the sham-irradiated mice. The present results indicate that 0.5 Gy X-irradiation after FST inhibits FST-induced immobility and oxidative stress in mice. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Public Library of Science Acta Medica Okayama 1932-6203 15 7 2020 Relationship between oral hygiene knowledge, source of oral hygiene knowledge and oral hygiene behavior in Japanese university students: A prospective cohort study e0236259 EN Daiki Fukuhara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Daisuke Ekuni Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kota Kataoka Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Ayano Taniguchi-Tabata Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Naoki Toyama Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Toshiki Yoneda Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yoshio Sugiura Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Monirul Islam Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Hikari Saho Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yoshiaki Iwasaki Health Service Center, Okayama University Manabu Morita Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences The aim of this prospective cohort study was to examine whether oral hygiene knowledge, and the source of that knowledge, affect oral hygiene behavior in university students in Japan. An oral exam and questionnaire survey developed to evaluate oral hygiene knowledge, the source of that knowledge, and oral hygiene behavior, such as the frequency of tooth brushing and regular dental checkups and the use of dental floss, was conducted on university student volunteers. In total, 310 students with poor tooth brushing behavior (frequency of tooth brushing per day [<= once]), 1,963 who did not use dental floss, and 1,882 who did not receive regular dental checkup during the past year were selected. Among these students, 50, 364, and 343 in each respective category were analyzed in over the 3-year study period (follow-up rates: 16.1%, 18.5%, and 18.2%, respectively). The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for oral hygiene behavior were calculated based on oral hygiene knowledge and the source of that knowledge using logistic regression models. The results showed that dental clinics were the most common (> 50%) source of oral hygiene knowledge, and that a more frequent use of dental floss was significantly associated with dental clinics being a source of oral hygiene knowledge (OR, 4.11; 95%CI, 1.871-9.029; p < 0.001). In addition, a significant association was seen between dental clinics being a source of oral hygiene knowledge and more frequent regular dental checkups (OR, 13.626; 95%CI, 5.971-31.095; p < 0.001). These findings suggest the existence of a relationship between dental clinics being the most common source of oral hygiene knowledge and improved oral hygiene behavior in Japanese university students. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学法文学部言語国語国文学研究室 Acta Medica Okayama 0386-3123 2 1974 岡大本『三勇和歌集』について 13 24 EN 10.18926/okadaironkou/60735 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

日本耳鼻咽喉科感染症研究会 Acta Medica Okayama 09133976 31 1 2013 耳漏を主訴に来院した扁桃周囲膿瘍の1例 175 178 EN The patient was a 79-year-old woman. Her left ear was being treated with otitis externa at her nearby clinic by eardrop. Her otorrhea did not improve after one week. The otorrhea still kept outflowing during food intake. That is the reason of her visiting our hospital. Her past medical histories were sigmoid colon perforation with stoma placement, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, right hip prosthesis placement. At the first visit to our hospita!, She had a remarkable erosion of the left ear canal, fistula was found in front of the ear canal skin. She showed pus leakage due to her chewing. Strongly swelling surrounded the left tonsil and soft palate, and oropharynx had been narrowed. T he CT scan revealed the low density area with a contrast effect from the lower ear to the left tonsil, was diagnosed with left peritonsillar abscess. On admission to our hospital, drainage and the administration of antibiotics were performed. She was discharged in satisfactory progress on day 10. Peritonsillar abscess, but there is a frequently encountered disease, being the chief complaint otorrhea is rare. As reported case seems to be similar as far as we have searched is only reported as "one case of deep neck abscess in the throat and ear canal causing self-destruction" is Tomohiro Anno 1961. We report this case with the literature about peritonsillar abscess. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

MDPI Acta Medica Okayama 1660-4601 17 10 2020 Caries Increment and Salivary Microbiome during University Life: A Prospective Cohort Study 3713 EN Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Daisuke Ekuni Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Md Monirul Islam Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kota Kataoka Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School Ayano Taniguchi-Tabata Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Daiki Fukuhara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Naoki Toyama Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Terumasa Kobayashi Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kohei Fujimori Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Nanami Sawada Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yoshiaki Iwasaki Health Service Center, Okayama University Manabu Morita Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences The purpose of this 3-year prospective cohort study was to explore the relationship between an increase in dental caries and oral microbiome among Japanese university students. We analyzed 487 students who volunteered to receive oral examinations and answer baseline (2013) and follow-up (2016) questionnaires. Of these students, salivary samples were randomly collected from 55 students at follow-up and analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Students were divided into two groups: increased group (Delta decayed, missing, and filled teeth (Delta DMFT) score increased during the 3-year period) and non-increased group (Delta DMFT did not increase). Thirteen phyla, 21 classes, 32 orders, 48 families, 72 genera, and 156 species were identified. Microbial diversity in the increased group (n = 14) was similar to that in the non-increased group (n = 41). Relative abundances of the family Prevotellaceae (p = 0.007) and genera Alloprevotella (p = 0.007) and Dialister (p = 0.039) were enriched in the increased group compared with the non-increased group. Some bacterial taxonomic clades were differentially present between the two groups. These results may contribute to the development of new dental caries prevention strategies, including the development of detection kits and enlightenment activities for these bacteria. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

MDPI Acta Medica Okayama 1660-4601 17 9 2020 Association between Sleep Quality and Duration and Periodontal Disease among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study EN Md Monirul Islam Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Daisuke Ekuni Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Naoki Toyama Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Ayano Taniguchi-Tabata Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Kota Kataoka Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yoko Uchida-Fukuhara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Daiki Fukuhara Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Hikari Saho Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Nanami Sawada Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yukiho Nakashima Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Yoshiaki Iwasaki Health Service Center, Okayama University Manabu Morita Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between sleep quality and duration, and periodontal disease among a group of young Japanese university students. First-year students (n = 1934) at Okayama University who voluntarily underwent oral health examinations were included in the analysis. Sleep quality and duration were assessed by the Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Dentists examined Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), probing pocket depth (PPD), and percentage of sites with bleeding on probing (BOP). Periodontal disease was defined as presence of PPD >= 4 mm and BOP >= 30%. Overall, 283 (14.6%) students had periodontal disease. Poor sleep quality was observed among 372 (19.2%) students. Mean (+/- standard deviation) sleep duration was 7.1 +/- 1.1 (hours/night). In the logistic regression analysis, periodontal disease was significantly associated with OHI-S (odds ratio [OR]: 2.30, 95% confident interval [CI]: 1.83-2.90; p < 0.001), but not sleep quality (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.79-1.53; p = 0.577) or sleep duration (OR: 0.98, CI: 0.87-1.10; p = 0.717). In conclusion, sleep quality and duration were not associated with periodontal disease among this group of young Japanese university students. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学 資源植物科学研究所 野生植物グループ Acta Medica Okayama コギシギシ EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Springer Acta Medica Okayama 0301634X 59 3 2020 Comparison of antioxidative effects between radon and thoron inhalation in mouse organs EN Yusuke Kobashi Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Takahiro Kataoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Norie Kanzaki Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Tsuyoshi Ishida Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Akihiro Sakoda Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Hiroshi Tanaka Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Yuu Ishimori Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor Monju, Japan Atomic Energy Agency Fumihiro Mitsunobu Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Kiyonori Yamaoka Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University Radon therapy has been traditionally performed globally for oxidative stress-related diseases. Many researchers have studied the beneficial effects of radon exposure in living organisms. However, the effects of thoron, a radioisotope of radon, have not been fully examined. In this study, we aimed to compare the biological effects of radon and thoron inhalation on mouse organs with a focus on oxidative stress. Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 15 groups: sham inhalation, radon inhalation at a dose of 500 Bq/m3 or 2000 Bq/m3, and thoron inhalation at a dose of 500 Bq/m3 or 2000 Bq/m3 were carried out. Immediately after inhalation, mouse tissues were excised for biochemical assays. The results showed a significant increase in superoxide dismutase and total glutathione, and a significant decrease in lipid peroxide following thoron inhalation under several conditions. Additionally, similar effects were observed for different doses and inhalation times between radon and thoron. Our results suggest that thoron inhalation also exerts antioxidative effects against oxidative stress in organs. However, the inhalation conditions should be carefully analyzed because of the differences in physical characteristics between radon and thoron. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 130 3 2018 総合診療専門医 167 172 EN Mikako Obika Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Hitomi Kataoka Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Hiroko Ogawa Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Fumio Otsuka Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 130 2 2018 骨吸収抑制薬関連顎骨壊死 91 93 EN Yuko Kataoka Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2017 Loss of Runt-related transcription factor 3 induces resistance to 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin in hepatocellular carcinoma EN Junro Kataoka Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2017 Association Between Self-Reported Bruxism and Malocclusion in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study EN Kota Kataoka Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学教師教育開発センター Acta Medica Okayama 2186-1323 7 2017 カリキュラム改善における園外の保育経験者による評価導入の試み 51 60 EN Noriko Baba Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University Mariko Shimizu Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University Fusako Iyama Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University Kayoko Kataoka Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University Hiroko Koyano Department of Music, Sakuyo Junior College of Music Shigeko Shiragami Department of Music, Sakuyo Junior College of Music Yumiko Hiramatsu Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University Sachiko Hachiya Osamu Nishiyama Graduate School of Education, Okayama University 10.18926/CTED/54930 　本論は，保育現場における園のカリキュラム・マネジメントを活性化させるために，園外の保育経験者にカリキュラムの外部評価を依頼し，その評価内容と一連の評価方法について検討するものである。具体的には，地方政令市にあるA 保育園のカリキュラムを取り上げ，保育所保育士経験者及び幼稚園教諭経験者によって構成させる７名の外部評価者から，カリキュラムの評価を得た。その結果，外部評価者の勤務経験の違いを反映した，幅広い観点から，カリキュラムの評価できる点や問題点を確認することができた。カリキュラム改善の観点としては，「表記・表現の統一と分かりやすい様式の採用」「園の独自性や子どもの実態に即した計画の作成」「保健計画の作成」「PDCA サイクルによる再編成」「職員間での確認」の項目を明示することができた。カリキュラム改善の一方策として，保育経験者による外部評価に一定の有効性を確認した。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2016 Altered autonomic nervous system activity in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss EN Kumie Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2016 歯槽骨再生を目的としたin vivo electroporation法を用いたラット歯周組織への遺伝子導入 EN Yohei Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 127 1 2015 憩室切除と輪状咽頭筋切開術を行ったZenker憩室症の１例 19 23 EN Takayuki Ninomiya Nobuhiko Kanaya Koh Katsuda Kohji Tanakaya Hideki Aoki Hitoshi Takeuchi 　Zenker's diverticulum is a very rare disease among gastorointestinal diverticulum. We report a case of Zenker's diverticulum successfully treated with diverticulectomy and cricophalyngial myotomy. A 71-year-old male complained of aspirating water for two years. He was diagnosed as Zenker's diverticulum. Due to his severe symptoms, the operation was performed in an open-neck approach. The left recurrent laryngeal nerve was identified and preserved. An incision was made in the diverticulum wall, and the internal diameter of normal cervical esophagus was measured. The diverticulum was then excised with an automatic suture device in the minor axis direction of the esophagus. A cricopharyngeal myotomy was conducted, because this muscle was fibrotic and stiffened. The patient's symptoms disappeared after the operation. Diverticulectomy and cricopharyngeal myotomy through an open-neck approach is a safe and reliable method that follows, direct access to the diverticulum and recurrent laryngeal nerve. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 127 1 2015 岡山大学勤務医師による非常勤勤務を通した地域医療支援の現状調査 13 17 EN Sanae Teshigawara Toshihide Iwase Tatsuya Kanamori Tomoko Kawabata Masaru Sato Hitomi Usui Kataoka 　We investigated the situation of how physicians at Okayama University support local medical institutions by serving as a part-time worker, and analyzed the difference between the five medical districts of Okayama prefecture and other prefectures. Many physicians (actual number of physicians, full-time equivalent number of physicians) served in the southeastern region of the Okayama prefecture (339, 82.2). On the other hand, fewer physicians (42, 11.4) served in Takahashi・Niimi in the northwestern region of Okayama. Many physicians also served in Hiroshima prefecture (193, 48.8), Hyogo prefecture (109, 26.7), and the four prefectures of Shikoku Island (81, 23.6). 　It has been clarified that many physicians at Okayama University are working on a part-time basis to support local and community medical institutions in the wide area of Okayama prefecture, Hiroshima prefecture, Hyogo prefecture and the four prefectures of Shikoku Island. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 126 3 2014 小児急性中耳炎診療ガイドライン 241 243 EN Yuko Kataoka Kazunori Nishizaki No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 126 3 2014 Reduced Port Surgeryで切除した高度炎症を伴う虫垂中に発見された潜在性虫垂粘液嚢胞腺腫の１例 223 226 EN Hiromitsu Suzuki Kouji Kimura Sigeki Kinoshita Kazuo Okano Appendicitis is a benign disease for which surgical treatment is widely provided. The complication of neoplastic lesions may be discovered only after resection. However, in some cases, specimens are not submitted to histopathological examination in Japan because of an extreme deficiency of pathologists. We report our experience with one patient who experienced the complication of latent low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) after surgery for appendicitis. Our patient was an 85-year-old woman. Conservative treatment failed to relieve fever and lower abdominal pain and it was decided to treat her surgically. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed appendicitis with severe inflammation and suspected adhesion. We decided to explore the abdominal cavity using a reduced-port laparoscopic approach. We found no mucous debouchment or clear tumors in the specimen. Histopathological findings indicated the coexistence of appendicitis and LAMN. At one year and a half after surgery, there was no evidence of the development of pseudomyxoma peritonei. In appendectomy, it is thought that careful perioperative treatment and a postoperative pathological search are important when there are no preoperative findings suggesting a neoplastic lesion. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 0959-4965 22 13 2011 Expression analysis of microRNAs in murine cochlear explants 652 654 EN Misato Hirai Yukihide Maeda Kunihiro Fukushima Akiko Sugaya Yuko Kataoka Kazunori Nishizaki MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play functional roles in sound transduction in cochlea. This study focuses on the validity of cochlear culture as an in vitro experimental tool, in view of miRNA expression. E15 cochleae were dissected and maintained in vitro for 48 h before extraction of miRNAs. MiRNA expression was comprehensively screened in explanted cochleae using a miRNA array that covers 380 miRNAs. A strong correlation was observed between expression levels of miRNAs in in vitro and in in vivo cochleae. Levels of 43 miRNAs were altered in vitro and these changes were reproducible over three trials. These findings indicate that in vitro miRNA profiling is a viable method for analysis of gene expression and action of chemical compounds on cochleae. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 68 4 2014 Factors Associated with Remission and/or Regression of Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 235 241 EN Tetsuichiro Ono Kenichi Shikata Mikako Obika Nobuyuki Miyatake Ryo Kodera Daisyo Hirota Jun Wada Hitomi Kataoka Daisuke Ogawa Hirofumi Makino Original Article 10.18926/AMO/52789 The aim of this study was to clarify the factors associated with the remission and/or regression of microalbuminuria in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 130 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria for 2-6 years (3.39±1.31 years). Remission was defined as improving from microalbuminuria to normoalbuminuria using the albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), and regression of microalbuminuria was defined as a decrease in ACR of 50% or more from baseline. Progression of microalbuminuria was defined as progressing from microalbuminuria to overt proteinuria during the follow-up period. Among 130 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria, 57 and 13 patients were defined as having remission and regression, respectively, while 26 patients progressed to overt proteinuria. Sex (female), higher HDL cholesterol and lower HbA1c were determinant factors associated with remission/regression of microalbuminuria by logistic regression analysis. Lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) was also correlated with remission/regression, but not at a significant level. These results suggest that proper control of blood glucose, BP and lipid profiles may be associated with remission and/or regression of type 2 diabetes mellitus with microalbuminuria in clinical practice. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Biomed Central Ltd Acta Medica Okayama 1465-993X 14 2013 IL-17A is essential to the development of elastase-induced pulmonary inflammation and emphysema in mice EN Etsuko Kurimoto Nobuaki Miyahara Arihiko Kanehiro Koichi Waseda Akihiko Taniguchi Genyo Ikeda Hikari Koga Hisakazu Nishimori Yasushi Tanimoto Mikio Kataoka Yoichiro Iwakura Erwin W. Gelfand Mitsune Tanimoto Background: Pulmonary emphysema is characterized by alveolar destruction and persistent inflammation of the airways. Although IL-17A contributes to many chronic inflammatory diseases, it's role in the inflammatory response of elastase-induced emphysema remains unclear. Methods: In a model of elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema we examined the response of IL-17A-deficient mice, monitoring airway inflammation, static compliance, lung histology and levels of neutrophil-related chemokine and pro-inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Results: Wild-type mice developed emphysematous changes in the lung tissue on day 21 after elastase treatment, whereas emphysematous changes were decreased in IL-17A-deficient mice compared to wild-type mice. Neutrophilia in BAL fluid, seen in elastase-treated wild-type mice, was reduced in elastase-treated IL-17A-deficient mice on day 4, associated with decreased levels of KC, MIP-2 and IL-1 beta. Elastase-treated wild-type mice showed increased IL-17A levels as well as increased numbers of IL-17A+ CD4 T cells in the lung in the initial period following elastase treatment. Conclusions: These data identify the important contribution of IL-17A in the development of elastase-induced pulmonary inflammation and emphysema. Targeting IL-17A in emphysema may be a potential therapeutic strategy for delaying disease progression. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 126 1 2014 糖尿病の腎臓においてcholecystokininはマクロファージに対する抗炎症作用を介した新規の保護効果を発揮する 1 6 EN Satoshi Miyamoto Kenichi Shikata Kyoko Miyasaka Shinichi Okada Motofumi Sasaki Ryo Kodera Daisho Hirota Nobuo Kajitani Tetsuharu Takatsuka Hitomi Kataoka Usui Shingo Nishishita Chikage Horiguchi Sato Akihiro Funakoshi Hisakazu Nishimori Haruhito Adam Uchida Daisuke Ogawa Hirofumi Makino No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 0962-9351 2012 2012 Inhibitory Effects of Pretreatment with Radon on Acute Alcohol-Induced Hepatopathy in Mice EN Teruaki Toyota Takahiro Kataoka Yuichi Nishiyama Takehito Taguchi Kiyonori Yamaoka We previously reported that radon inhalation activates antioxidative functions in the liver and inhibits carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatopathy in mice. In addition, it has been reported that reactive oxygen species contribute to alcohol-induced hepatopathy. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of radon inhalation on acute alcohol- induced hepatopathy in mice. C57BL/6J mice were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 50% alcohol (5 g/kg bodyweight) after inhaling approximately 4000 Bq/m(3) radon for 24 h. Alcohol administration significantly increased the activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in serum, and the levels of triglyceride and lipid peroxide in the liver, suggesting acute alcohol- induced hepatopathy. Radon inhalation activated antioxidative functions in the liver. Furthermore, pretreatment with radon inhibited the depression of hepatic functions and antioxidative functions. These findings suggested that radon inhalation activated antioxidative functions in the liver and inhibited acute alcohol- induced hepatopathy in mice. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 125 3 2013 虫垂腫瘍と術前診断し腹腔鏡下手術を行った虫垂仮性憩室症の１例 239 242 EN Takayuki Ninomiya Yasutomo Ojima Masao Harano Satoshi Ohno Shigehiro Shiozaki Motoki Ninomiya 　Appendiceal diverticulum is rare. We encountered a case of appendiceal diverticulum with chronic appendicitis. A 56-year-old man presented to our hospital with right lower abdominal pain. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed swelling of the appendix body and the wall thickness of the base of the appendix. Due to the possibility of appendiceal tumor, we performed a laparoscopy-assisted ileocecal resection with lymph node dissection. The appendix had a diverticulum with chronic inflammation, but it did not have a neoplastic lesion. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学算数・数学教育学会 Acta Medica Okayama 1341-3155 1 1994 個の考えを生かした量と測定の指導 27 30 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学算数・数学教育学会 Acta Medica Okayama 1341-3155 12 2005 今,算数教育に求められているもの 67 68 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Biomed Central Ltd Acta Medica Okayama 1465-993X 14 2013 Inhibition of neutrophil elastase attenuates airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in a mouse model of secondary allergen challenge: neutrophil elastase inhibition attenuates allergic airway responses EN Hikari Koga Nobuaki Miyahara Yasuko Fuchimoto Genyo Ikeda Koichi Waseda Katsuichiro Ono Yasushi Tanimoto Mikio Kataoka Erwin W. Gelfand Mitsune Tanimoto Arihiko Kanehiro Background: Chronic asthma is often associated with neutrophilic infiltration in the airways. Neutrophils contain elastase, a potent secretagogue in the airways, nonetheless the role for neutrophil elastase as well as neutrophilic inflammation in allergen-induced airway responses is not well defined. In this study, we have investigated the impact of neutrophil elastase inhibition on the development of allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in previously sensitized and challenged mice. Methods: BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged (primary) with ovalbumin (OVA). Six weeks later, a single OVA aerosol (secondary challenge) was delivered and airway inflammation and airway responses were monitored 6 and 48 hrs later. An inhibitor of neutrophil elastase was administered prior to secondary challenge. Results: Mice developed a two-phase airway inflammatory response after secondary allergen challenge, one neutrophilic at 6 hr and the other eosinophilic, at 48 hr. PAR-2 expression in the lung tissues was enhanced following secondary challenge, and that PAR-2 intracellular expression on peribronchial lymph node (PBLN) T cells was also increased following allergen challenge of sensitized mice. Inhibition of neutrophil elastase significantly attenuated AHR, goblet cell metaplasia, and inflammatory cell accumulation in the airways following secondary OVA challenge. Levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, and eotaxin in BAL fluid 6 hr after secondary allergen challenge were significantly suppressed by the treatment. At 48 hr, treatment with the neutrophil elastase inhibitor significantly reduced the levels of IL-13 and TGF-beta 1 in the BAL fluid. In parallel, in vitro IL-13 production was significantly inhibited in spleen cells from sensitized mice. Conclusion: These data indicate that neutrophil elastase plays an important role in the development of allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, and would suggest that the neutrophil elastase inhibitor reduced AHR to inhaled methacholine indicating the potential for its use as a modulator of the immune/inflammatory response in both the neutrophil-and eosinophil-dominant phases of the response to secondary allergen challenge. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Japan Radiation Research Society and Japanese Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology Acta Medica Okayama 0449-3060 53 6 2012 Comparative study on the inhibitory effects of antioxidant vitamins and radon on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatopathy 830 839 EN Takahiro Kataoka Yuichi Nishiyama Keiko Yamato Junichi Teraoka Yuji Morii Akihiro Sakoda Yuu Ishimori Takehito Taguchi Kiyonori Yamaoka We have previously reported that radon inhalation activates anti-oxidative functions and inhibits carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced hepatopathy. It has also been reported that antioxidant vitamins can inhibit CCl(4)-induced hepatopathy. In the current study, we examined the comparative efficacy of treatment with radon, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol on CCl(4)-induced hepatopathy. Mice were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of CCl(4) after inhaling approximately 1000 or 2000 Bq/m(3) radon for 24 h, or immediately after intraperitoneal injection of ascorbic acid (100, 300, or 500 mg/kg bodyweight) or α-tocopherol (100, 300, or 500 mg/kg bodyweight). We estimated the inhibitory effects on CCl(4)-induced hepatopathy based on hepatic function-associated parameters, oxidative damage-associated parameters and histological changes. The results revealed that the therapeutic effects of radon inhalation were almost equivalent to treatment with ascorbic acid at a dose of 500 mg/kg or α-tocopherol at a dose of 300 mg/kg. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in the liver were significantly higher in mice exposed to radon than in mice treated with CCl(4) alone. These findings suggest that radon inhalation has an anti-oxidative effect against CCl(4)-induced hepatopathy similar to the anti-oxidative effects of ascorbic acid or α-tocopherol due to the induction of anti-oxidative functions. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 66 5 2012 Detection of Torque Teno Virus DNA in Exhaled Breath by Polymerase Chain Reaction 387 397 EN Kumiko Chikasue Miyuki Kimura Kazuyuki Ikeda Takuma Ohnishi Satoshi Kawanishi Tomoe Iio Mikio Kataoka Yujiro Arao Original Article 10.18926/AMO/48963 To determine whether exhaled breath contains Torque teno virus (TTV) or not, we tested exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples by semi-nested PCR assay. We detected TTV DNA in 35% (7/20) of EBC samples collected from the mouth of one of the authors, demonstrating that TTV DNA is excreted in exhaled breath with moderate frequency. TTV DNA was detected also in oral EBC samples from 4 of 6 other authors, indicating that TTV DNA excretion in exhaled breath is not an exception but rather a common phenomenon. Furthermore, the same assay could amplify TTV DNA from room air condensate (RAC) samples collected at distances of 20 and 40cm from a human face with 40 (8/20) and 35% (7/20) positive rates, respectively. TTV transmission has been reported to occur during infancy. These distances seem equivalent to that between an infant and its household members while caring for the infant. Taken together, it seems that exhaled breath is one of the possible transmission routes of TTV. We also detected TTV DNA in 25% (10/40) of RAC samples collected at a distance of more than 180cm from any human face, suggesting the risk of airborne infection with TTV in a room. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Informa Healthcare Acta Medica Okayama 1525-6049 34 9 2012 Comparative Study on the Inhibitory Effects of α-Tocopherol and Radon on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Renal Damage 1181 1187 EN Takahiro Kataoka Keiko Yamato Yuichi Nishiyama Yuji Morii Reo Etani Yuji Takata Katsumi Hanamoto Atsuishi Kawabe Akihiro Sakoda Yuu Ishimori Takehito Taguchi Kiyonori Yamaoka Since the 2011 nuclear accident in Fukushima, the effects of low-dose irradiation, especially internal exposure, are at the forefront of everyone’s attention. However, low-dose radiation induced various stimulating effects such as activation of antioxidative and immune functions. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the quantitative effects of the activation of antioxidative activities in kidney induced by radon inhalation on carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced renal damage. Mice were subjected to intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of CCl₄ after inhaling approximately 1000 or 2000 Bq/m³ radon for 24 h, or immediately after i.p. injection of α-tocopherol (100, 300, or 500 mg/kg bodyweight). In case of renal function, radon inhalation at a concentration of 2000 Bq/m³ has the inhibitory effects similar to α-tocopherol treatment at a dose of 300–500 mg/kg bodyweight. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in kidneys were significantly higher in mice exposed to radon as compared to mice treated with CCl₄ alone. These findings suggest that radon inhalation has an antioxidative effect against CCl₄-induced renal damage similar to the antioxidative effects of α-tocopherol due to induction of antioxidative functions. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Japan Radioisotope Association Acta Medica Okayama 0033-8303 61 1 2012 ラドン吸入がペットの健康改善に及ぼす効果に関する基礎的検討 1 8 EN Takahiro Kataoka Rikizo Tokunaga Akihiro Sakoda Atsushi Kawabe Katsumi Hanamoto Kiyonori Yamaoka 著者らは今までに，共同開発したラドン吸入装置を用いマウスにラドン吸入をさせた場合，諸臓器中の抗酸化機能が亢進する可能性などを明らかにしてきた。本研究では，ラドン吸入の獣医療への応用の可能性について新たに検討するため，健常なイヌ5頭(オス：2(1，9才)，メス：3(1〜5才))及び慢性腎不全症のネコ8頭(オス：3(2〜6才)，メス：5(5〜7才))を対象に基礎的な検討をした。すなわち，約5500Bq/m³のラドンを1回30分で隔日に30日間(計15回)それぞれ吸入させた。その結果，イヌにおいて，中性脂肪が減少する可能性が示された。また，その効果は吸入開始20〜30日後に現れることも示唆できた。他方，ネコにおいて，飲水量が改善し血清中クレアチニンが基準値内に減少する症例がみられるなど，慢性腎不全症に対し一定の効果が期待できる可能性が示唆された。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Japan Radioisotope Association Acta Medica Okayama 0033-8303 57 4 2008 ラドン吸入試作装置によるマウス諸臓器中の抗酸化機能の亢進に関する研究 241 251 EN Shinya Nakagawa Takahiro Kataoka Akihiro Sakoda Yuu Ishimori Katsumi Hanamoto Kiyonori Yamaoka ラドン療法の適応症には活性酸素に由来する生活習慣病が多く，その機構の更なる解明が期待されている。また，汎用性があり医学的効果が再現できるラドン吸入装置の構築は意義が大きい。このため，著者らは共同で開発したラドン吸入試作装置を用い，マウス諸臓器中の抗酸化機能の変化特性を検討した。ラドン吸入試作装置は，特殊加工したラドン線源を収納したユニットの数量，それへの送風量及び湿度などを調節することによりラドン濃度を自在に調整可能にするものである。この装置によりマウスに400Bq/m³あるいは4000Bq/m³のラドンを吸入させた。その結果，脳・肺・肝臓・腎臓において，抗酸化系酵素であるSODとカタラーゼの両活性が増加し，過酸化脂質量が減少した。この抗酸化機能の亢進により，本実験条件でのラドン吸入は活性酸素障害の抑制，すなわち，生活習慣病の予防や症状緩和に効果のある可能性が改めて示唆できた。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Japan Radioisotope Association Acta Medica Okayama 0033-8303 61 5 2012 Inhibitory Effects of Pre and Post Radon Inhalation on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Oxidative Damage in Mouse Organs 231 241 EN Yuichi Nishiyama Takahiro Kataoka Junichi Teraoka Akihiro Sakoda Yuu Ishimori Kiyonori Yamaoka Radon inhalation activates antioxidative functions in some organs of mice. We examined the prevention effects of pre radon inhalation and the alleviation effects of post radon inhalation on carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced oxidative damage in the brain, heart, lung, liver, and kidney of mice. In addition, we compared the effect of pre and post radon inhalation on oxidative damage. Mice inhaled radon at a concentration of 18000Bq/m³ for 6hrs before or after CCl₄ administration. As a result, the total glutathione(t-GSH) contents and catalase(CAT) activities in the brain, heart, lung, liver, and kidney and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities in the heart and lung were significantly higher in pre and post radon-inhaled mice than in mice treated with only CCl₄. Pre radon inhalation inhibited and post radon inhalation reduced lipid peroxidation induced by CCl₄. In addition, there were no significant differences in lipid peroxide(LPO) levels in the brain, heart, lung, liver, and kidney between pre and post radon-inhaled mice. These findings suggested that post radon inhalation has the same effects as pre radon inhalation against CCl₄-induced oxidative damage in the brain, heart, lung, liver, and kidney. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Oxford University Press Acta Medica Okayama 0144-8420 146 1-3 2011 Studies on possibility for alleviation of lifestyle diseases by low-dose irradiation or radon inhalation 360 363 EN Takahiro Kataoka Akihiro Sakoda Masaaki Yoshimoto Shinya Nakagawa Teruaki Toyota Yuichi Nishiyama Keiko Yamato Yuu Ishimori Atsushi Kawabe Katsumi Hanamoto Takehito Taguchi Kiyonori Yamaoka Our previous studies showed the possibility that activation of the antioxidative function alleviates various oxidative damages, which are related to lifestyle diseases. Results showed that, low-dose X-ray irradiation activated superoxide dismutase and inhibits oedema following ischaemia-reperfusion. To alleviate ischaemia-reperfusion injury with transplantation, the changes of the antioxidative function in liver graft using low-dose X-ray irradiation immediately after exenteration were examined. Results showed that liver grafts activate the antioxidative function as a result of irradiation. In addition, radon inhalation enhances the antioxidative function in some organs, and alleviates alcohol-induced oxidative damage of mouse liver. Moreover, in order to determine the most effective condition of radon inhalation, mice inhaled radon before or after carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) administration. Results showed that radon inhalation alleviates CCl₄-induced hepatopathy, especially prior inhalation. It is highly possible that adequate activation of antioxidative functions induced by low-dose irradiation can contribute to preventing or reducing oxidative damages, which are related to lifestyle diseases. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

The Editorial Secretariat of JCBN Acta Medica Okayama 0912-0009 45 2 2009 Basic Study on Active Changes in Biological Function of Mouse Liver Graft in Cold Storage after Low-Dose X-Irradiation 219 226 EN Takahiro Kataoka Masaaki Yoshimoto Shinya Nakagawa Yuko Mizuguchi Takehito Taguchi Kiyonori Yamaoka We previously reported that low-dose X-irradiation alleviates ischemia-reperfusion injury such as mouse paw edema. In this study, we examined active changes in the biological function of mouse liver grafts in cold storage after low-dose X-irradiation. Mouse livers were sham-irradiated or were irradiated with 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, or 5.0 Gy of X-ray and stored for 4, 8, 24, or 48 h in preservation or saline solution. The results show that storage for 24 h in saline solution after 0.5 Gy irradiation significantly increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Following storage for 4, 8, or 48 h in preservation solution, lipid peroxide levels of the 0.5 Gy irradiated group were significantly lower than those of the sham irradiated group. Following storage for 24 h in preservation solution, the activity of SOD and catalase of the 1.0 Gy irradiated group were significantly higher than those of the sham irradiated group. Hepatocytes stored in saline solution were vacuolated. However, no vacuole formation was observed in hepatocytes stored in preservation solution. These findings suggest that low-dose irradiation significantly activates antioxidative functions of liver grafts. Moreover, the dose at which enhancement of antioxidative function occurs in livers stored in preservation solution, which contains glutathione, is significantly higher than that in saline solution. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

The Editorial Secretariat of JCBN Acta Medica Okayama 0912-0009 43 1 2008 No Different Sensitivity in Terms of Whole-Body Irradiation between Normal and Acatalasemic Mice 41 49 EN Shinya Nakagawa Takahiro Kataoka Yuko Mizuguchi Masaaki Yoshimoto Akihiro Sakoda Takaharu Nomura Da-Hong Wang Atsushi Kawabe Takehito Taguchi Kiyonori Yamaoka To elucidate the radiosensitivity of an acatalasemic mouse, we examined the time and dose-dependency in the survival rates, the lymphocytes and the intestinal epithelial cells, and the antioxidant function after 3.0 to 12.0 Gy whole body irradiation. Results showed that no significant differences between acatalasemic mice and normal mice were observed in the survival rates and the histological changes in spleens and small intestine after each irradiation. The catalase activities in livers and spleens of acatalasemic mice were significantly lower than those of normal mice and the glutathione peroxidase activity in livers of acatalasemic mice was significantly higher than that of normal mice. At 10 days after 6.0 Gy irradiation, the catalase activities in livers of acatalasemic and normal mice and that in spleens of normal mice significantly decreased compared with no-irradiation control, and there were no differences between those catalase activities. The total glutathione content in acatalasemic mice was significantly higher than that in normal mice at 10 days after 6.0 Gy irradiation. These findings suggested that the radiosensitivity of acatalasemic mice in terms of whole body irradiation doesn’t significantly differ from that of normal mice, probably due to compensated sufficient contents of glutathione peroxidase and total glutathione in acatalasemic mice. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Acta Medica Okayama 2012 2012 Activation of Biodefense System by Low-Dose Irradiation or Radon Inhalation and Its Applicable Possibility for Treatment of Diabetes and Hepatopathy 11 11 EN Takahiro Kataoka Kiyonori Yamaoka Adequate oxygen stress induced by low-dose irradiation activates biodefense system, such as induction of the synthesis of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase. We studied the possibility for alleviation of oxidative damage, such as diabetes and nonalcoholic liver disease. Results show that low-dose γ-irradiation increases SOD activity and protects against alloxan diabetes. Prior or post-low-dose X- or γ-irradiation increases antioxidative functions in livers and inhibits ferric nitrilotriacetate and carbon tetrachloride-induced (CCl₄) hepatopathy. Moreover, radon inhalation also inhibits CCl₄-induced hepatopathy. It is highly possible that low-dose irradiation including radon inhalation activates the biodefence systems and, therefore, contributes to preventing or reducing reactive oxygen species-related diabetes and nonalcoholic liver disease, which are thought to involve peroxidation. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee Acta Medica Okayama 0449-3060 48 6 2007 Inhibitory Effects of Prior Low-dose X-irradiation on Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Mouse Paw 505 513 EN Takahiro Kataoka Yuko Mizuguchi Masaaki Yoshimoto Takehito Taguchi Kiyonori Yamaoka We have reported that low-dose, unlike high-dose, irradiation enhanced antioxidation function and reduced oxidative damage. On the other hand, ischemia-reperfusion injury is induced by reactive oxygen species. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of prior low-dose X-irradiation on ischemia-reperfusion injury in mouse paw. BALB/c mice were irradiated by sham or 0.5 Gy of X-ray. At 4 hrs after irradiation, the left hind leg was bound 10 times with a rubber ring for 0.5, 1, or 2 hrs and the paw thickness was measured. Results show that the paw swelling thickness by ischemia for 0.5 hr was lower than that for 2 hrs. At 1 hr after reperfusion from ischemia for 1 hr, superoxide dismutase activity in serum was increased in those mice which received 0.5 Gy irradiation and in the case of the ischemia for 0.5 or 1 hr, the paw swelling thicknesses were inhibited by 0.5 Gy irradiation. In addition, interstitial edema in those mice which received 0.5 Gy irradiation was less than that in the mice which underwent by sham irradiation. These findings suggest that the ischemia-reperfusion injury is inhibited by the enhancement of antioxidation function by 0.5 Gy irradiation. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee Acta Medica Okayama 0449-3060 46 1 2005 The Elevation of p53 Protein Level and SOD Activity in the Resident Blood of the Misasa Radon Hot Spring District 21 24 EN Kiyonori Yamaoka Fumihiro Mitsunobu Shuji Kojima Misako Shibakura Takahiro Kataoka Katsumi Hanamoto Yoshiro Tanizaki To clarify the mechanism by which radon hot springs prevent cancer or not, in this study, blood was collected from residents in the Misasa hot spring district and in a control district. The level of a representative cancer-suppressive gene, p53, and the activity of a representative antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD), were analyzed as indices. The level of serum p53 protein in the males in the Misasa hot spring district was found to be 2-fold higher than that in the control district, which is a significant difference. In the females in the Misasa hot spring district, SOD activity was approximately 15% higher than that in the control district, which is also statistically significant, and exceeded the reference range of SOD activity despite advanced age. These results suggested that routine exposure of the residents in the Misasa hot spring district to radon at a concentration about 3 times higher than the national mean induces trace active oxygen in vivo, potentiating products of cancer-suppressive gene and antioxidant function. As the p53 protein level was high in the residents in the Misasa hot spring district, apoptosis of cancer cells may readily occur. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee Acta Medica Okayama 0449-3060 45 1 2004 Inhibitory Effects of Prior Low-dose X-ray Irradiation on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hepatopathy in Acatalasemic Mice 89 95 EN Kiyonori Yamaoka Takahiro Kataoka Takaharu Nomura Takehito Taguchi Da-Hong Wang Shuji Mori Katsumi Hanamoto Shohei Kira The catalase activities in blood and organs of the acatalasemic (C3H/AnLCs^bCs^b) mouse of C3H strain are lower than those of the normal (C3H/AnLCs^aCs^a) mouse. We examined the effects of prior low-dose (0.5 Gy) X-ray irradiation, which reduced the oxidative damage under carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatopathy in the acatalasemic or normal mice. The acatalasemic mice showed a significantly lower catalase activity and a significantly higher glutathione peroxidase activity compared with those in the normal mice. Moreover, low-dose irradiation increased the catalase activity in the acatalasemic mouse liver to a level similar to that of the normal mouse liver. Pathological examinations and analyses of blood glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity and lipid peroxide levels showed that carbon tetrachloride induced hepatopathy was inhibited by low-dose irradiation. These findings may indicate that the free radical reaction induced by the lack of catalase and the administration of carbon tetrachloride is more properly neutralized by high glutathione peroxidase activity and low-dose irradiation in the acatalasemic mouse liver. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Journal of Radiation Research Editorial Committee Acta Medica Okayama 0449-3060 52 6 2011 Study of the Response of Superoxide Dismutase in Mouse Organs to Radon Using a New Large-scale Facility for Exposing Small Animals to Radon 775 781 EN Takahiro Kataoka Akihiro Sakoda Yuu Ishimori Teruaki Toyota Yuichi Nishiyama Hiroshi Tanaka Fumihiro Mitsunobu Kiyonori Yamaoka We examined dose–dependent or dose rate–dependent changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity using a new large-scale facility for exposing small animals to radon. Mice were exposed to radon at a concentration of 250, 500, 1000, 2000, or 4000 Bq/m³ for 0.5, 1, 2, 4, or 8 days. When mice were exposed to radon at 2000 day•Bq/m³, activation of SOD activities in plasma, liver, pancreas, heart, thymus, and kidney showed dose–rate effects. Our results also suggested that continuous exposure to radon increased SOD activity, but SOD activity transiently returned to normal levels at around 2 days. Moreover, we classified the organs into four groups (1. plasma, brain, lung; 2. heart, liver, pancreas, small intestine; 3. kidney, thymus; 4. stomach) based on changes in SOD activity. Thymus had the highest responsiveness and stomach had lowest. These data provide useful baseline measurements for future studies on radon effects. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Springer Science+Business Media, LLC Acta Medica Okayama 0360-3997 35 2 2012 Protective Effects of Radon Inhalation on Carrageenan-Induced Inflammatory Paw Edema in Mice 713 722 EN Takahiro Kataoka Junichi Teraoka Akihiro Sakoda Yuichi Nishiyama Keiko Yamato Mayuko Monden Yuu Ishimori Takaharu Nomura Takehito Taguchi Kiyonori Yamaoka We assessed whether radon inhalation inhibited carrageenan-induced inflammation in mice. Carrageenan (1% v/v) was injected subcutaneously into paws of mice that had or had not inhaled approximately 2,000 Bq/m³ of radon for 24 h. Radon inhalation significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities and significantly decreased lipid peroxide levels in mouse paws, indicating that radon inhalation activates antioxidative functions. Carrageenan administration induced paw edema and significantly increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nitric oxide in serum. However, radon inhalation significantly reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema. Serum TNF-α levels were lower in the radon-treated mice than in sham-treated mice. In addition, SOD and catalase activities in paws were significantly higher in the radon-treated mice than in the sham-treated mice. These findings indicated that radon inhalation had anti-inflammatory effects and inhibited carrageenan-induced inflammatory paw edema. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Springer Science+Business Media, LLC Acta Medica Okayama 0360-3997 34 6 2011 Radon Inhalation Protects Mice from Carbon-Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic and Renal Damage 559 567 EN Takahiro Kataoka Yuichi Nishiyama Teruaki Toyota Masaaki Yoshimoto Akihiro Sakoda Yuu Ishimori Yutaka Aoyama Takehito Taguchi Kiyonori Yamaoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 124 2 2012 小児難聴に対する取り組み―岡山から全国への発信― 155 159 EN Yuko Kataoka Kunihiro Fukushima Akiko Sugaya Kazunori Nishizaki No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Springer Science+Business Media, LLC Acta Medica Okayama 0360-3997 35 1 2012 Inhibitory Effects of Prior Low-dose X-irradiation on Cold-induced Brain Injury in Mouse 89 97 EN Masaaki Yoshimoto Takahiro Kataoka Teruaki Toyota Takehito Taguchi Kiyonori Yamaoka We examined the inhibitory effects of low-dose X-irradiation on mouse brain tissue with cold-induced injury by comparing tissue samples from three groups of mice: control, sham-irradiated cold-exposed, and X-ray-irradiated (0.5 Gy) cold-exposed mice. The water content in brain increased significantly in the sham-irradiated group following the cold-induced injury relative to the control group. However, water content in brain tissue from the X-ray-irradiated group was significantly lower than that from the sham-irradiated group. Levels of antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione, in brain tissue from the X-ray-irradiated group were higher than those from the sham-irradiated group. Moreover, the cold injury-induced cell death, particularly apoptosis, while low-dose irradiation inhibited cell death, especially among glial cells, but not numeral cells. These findings suggest that prior low-dose X-irradiation activated antioxidant function and inhibited cold-induced brain injury. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2012 Study on Crystal Engineering and Application Based on Trifluorolactates EN Keisuke Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2012 Statistical Analysis of Prognostic Factors for Survival in Patients with Spinal Metastasis EN Masaki Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 124 1 2012 医療人育成の現況と課題 41 45 EN Hitomi U Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 124 1 2012 膵炎を伴った胃異所性膵の1切除例 59 62 EN Susumu Shinoura Takahito Yagi Hiroshi Sadamori Hiroaki Matsuda Yuzo Umeda Ryuichi Yoshida Daisuke Satoh Masashi Utsumi Naosuke Yokomichi Takashi Kuise Toshiyoshi Fujiwara We experienced a case of gastric aberrant pancreas with acute pancreatitis. The patient was a 42-year-old man. He was referred to our hospital because of epigastric pain. A CT scan and endoscopic examination revealed a gastric submucosal tumor with inflammation. His serum amylase level was high at 222 IU/l. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a hypoechoic mass lesion, 3 cm in diameter, at the body of his stomach. Endoscopic ultrasoundscopy-guided fine needle aspiration was performed. Pathological examination showed pancreatic tissue. So, he underwent partial gastrectomy due to gastric aberrant pancreas with pancreatitis. There are very few cases of gastric aberrant pancreas with pancreatitis on record. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2011 Clinical impact of graft-versus-host disease against leukemias not in remission at the time of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from related donors. The Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Working Party EN Itaru Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 123 2 2011 腹腔鏡下に摘出しえた上行結腸間膜発生のCastleman病の１例 129 132 EN Manabu Nishie Shinya Otsuka Jun Tomoda Keishi Fujiwara We report herein a case of mesenteric Castleman's disease which was confirmed on pathology. A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of abdominal pain. On the physical examination, there was no palpable mass. Computed tomography findings and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well circumscribed, lobulated round mass on the right side of the superior mesenteric vein. Laparoscopic surgery for the mesenteric tumor was carried out to obtain a definite diagnosis and treatment. In the operative field, the mass was located on the ascending colic mesentery and measured about 3 cm in size. It was solid and surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule. The histological diagnosis of the mesenteric tumor was hyaline vascular type Castleman's disease. The postoperative course of the patient was uneventful, and he was discharged on the 10th postoperative day. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 65 2 2011 An Assessment of Radioactivity Levels of 210Pb and 40K in Tobacco and Radiation Exposure from Smoking 91 95 EN Tomohiro Nagamatsu Akihiro Sakoda Takahiro Kataoka Toshiro Ono Kiyonori Yamaoka Original Article 10.18926/AMO/45267 No research has been conducted on the radiation influence of tobacco on the alimentary system, although there have been some previous works on the respiratory system. In this study, the radioactive concentrations of 210Pb and 40K in a cigarette sample were first measured. The transfer factors of the nuclides from tobacco into smoke and solution (saliva and/or alcohol) were then examined. Moreover, the radiation doses from smoke inhalation were also evaluated. The radioactive concentrations of 210Pb and 40K in the cigarette tobacco were 0.01 and 0.3 Bq/cigarette. Since this 210Pb activity and the 210Po activity previously reported for the same sample were comparable, it can be concluded that there was a radioactive equilibrium between the 2 nuclides. The observed transfer factor of 210Pb (12%) into smoke was almost the same as that of 40K (15%), whereas the reported value for 210Po (60%) was significantly higher. The radiation doses due to inhalation of cigarette smoke varied from organ to organ, depending on the organotropic properties of the nuclide. For example, the kidneys, respiratory tract, and spleen showed relatively high doses from 210Pb and 210Po. The leaching rates indicated an inconsistent tendency related to solution types. This result could suggest that alcohol drinking, which is common in smokers, does not especially enhance the leaching characteristics. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 65 2 2011 The Macrophage Is a Key Factor in Renal Injuries Caused by Glomerular Hyperfiltration 81 89 EN Motofumi Sasaki Kenichi Shikata Shinichi Okada Satoshi Miyamoto Shingo Nishishita Hitomi Usui Kataoka Chikage Sato Jun Wada Daisuke Ogawa Hirofumi Makino Original Article 10.18926/AMO/45266 Glomerular hyperfiltration is a common pathway leading to glomerulosclerosis in various kinds of kidney diseases. The 5/6 renal ablation is an established experimental animal model for glomerular hyperfiltration. On the other hand, low-grade inflammation is also a common mechanism for the progression of kidney diseases including diabetic nephropathy and atherosclerosis. Here we analyzed the gene expression profile in the remnant kidney tissues of 5/6 nephrectomized mice using a DNA microarray system and compared it with that of sham-operated control mice. The 5/6 nephrectomized mice showed glomerular hypertrophy and an increase in the extracellular matrix in the glomeruli. DNA microarray analysis indicated the up-regulated expression of various kinds of genes related to the inflammatory process in remnant kidneys. We confirmed the up-regulated expression of platelet factor-4, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, 2, and 5 in remnant kidneys by RT-PCR. The current results suggest that the inflammatory process is involved in the progression of glomerulosclerosis and is a common pathway of the pathogenesis of kidney disease. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 52 11 1940 肉「エキス」ノ糖代謝ニ及ボス影響 其ノ1 血糖ニ及ボス影響 2598 2612 EN Yoshimi Kataoka Verfasser hat den Einfluss des Extraktes von Rindfleisch auf den Kohlehydratstoffwechsel im Kaninchenorganismus studiert und folgendes gefunden: 1. Der rohe, schwach saure Extrakt hat bei peroraler Zufuhr eine starke hyperglykamische Wirkung, die entweder durch Abstumpfung der Reaktion oder durch Alkalisierung der Reaktion etwas abgeschwacht, aber durch Entfettung des Extraktes im Gegenteil etwas verstarkt gefunden wurde. 2. Diese hyperglykämische Wirkung des Fleischextraktes trat 1/2-1 Stunde nach seiner Verabreichung auf und dauerte 4-5 Stunden lang an, um dann zum normalen Wert zurückzukehren. 3. Durch Fütterung von entfettetem und enteiweisstem Extrakt wurde der Blutzuckergehalt herabgesetzt. Diese hypoglykämische Wirkung trat 4 Stunden nach der Zufuhr von Extrakt am stärksten auf. 4. Die hypoglykämische Wirkung der Cholsäure ist mit der des entfetteten und enteiweissten Extraktes synergisch. 5. Der entfettete und enteiweisste Extrakt zeigte auch bei Entfernung der Purinbasen eine hypoglykämische Wirkung, was höchstwahrscheinlich auf der Wirkung einer Kreatin im Extrakt beruhen durfte. 6. Die hyperglykämische Wirkung des rohen Fleischextraktes konnte durch Mitzufuhr von Phosphatpuffer fast oder ganz aufgehoben werden. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 53 10 1941 肉「エキス」ノ糖代謝ニ及ボス影響 其ノ2 肝糖原質ニ及ボス影響 2131 2137 EN Yosimi Kataoka Verfasser hat den Einfluss des Fleischextraktes, über dessen hyperglykämische Wirkung in der vorausgegangenen Mitteilung berichtet wurde, aufdie Glykogenassimilation der Rattenleber untersucht. Es ergab sich folgendes: 1) Das Leberglykogen der Ratte wurde durch perorale Zufuhr von schwach sauer reagierendem, rohem Fleischextrakt ziemlich stark vermindert. 2) Die Wirkung des Fleischextraktes wurde durch Neutralisation sowie dusch Alkalimachen mit Natriumbicarbonat etwas abgescnwächt und durch Mitzufuhr von Phosphatpuffer (PH=8) fast aufgehoben. 3) Während die glykogenmobilisierende Wirkung des Fleischextraktes durch seine Entfettung etwas verstärkt wurde, trat dagegen eine glykogenbildende Wirkung der Rattenleber durch Zufuhr von enteiweisstem Fleischextrakt zu Tage. Diese Wirkung dürfte hauptsächlich auf seiner Purinfraktion beruhen, was aus der Tatsache hervorgeht, dass die genannte Wirkung durch Entfernung derselben Fraktion mittelst AgNo3-Methode (Kossel-Kutscher) fast vollständig verschwindet. 4) Die glykogenbildende Wirkung des enteiweissten Extraktes erwies sich als synergisch mit der der Cholsäure. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 71 10-2 1959 骨髄組織培養に対する各種ビタミン添加の影響 第3編 各種ビタミンの赤血球系造血に及ぼす影響 6827 6841 EN Ryosi Kataoka The author studied the effects of various vitamins on the cells of the erythrocyte series by performing the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal rabbits, and obtained the following results. 1. It has been found that vitamin B(1), cocarboxylase, vitamins B(2) and C, nicotinic acid, and vitamin K possess no power directly increasing the number of the erythrocyte series in the bone marrow. 2. Vitamin B(2) seems to be activated in vivo and transformed to FMN (flavin mononucleotide) or FAD while nicotinic acid in the form of DPN (diphosphophopyridine nucleotide) or TPN (triphosphopyrine nucleotide) can only play a role in the hematopoiesis, and it is believed that these vitamins at least in their original forms can not act directly on the bone marrow as to accelerate erythropoiesis. 3. Folic acid is first activated in vivo and trasformed to citovorum factor, and it is this latter factor that acts on the bone marrow as to accelerate the maturation of erythrocytes, but it does not have any effect on the erythropoiesis of the bone marrow in its original form. 4. FAD and vitamin B(6) have been found to have the power to accelerate erythropoiesis of the bone marrow though only slightly. 5. It has been recognized that vitamin B(12) acts directly on the bone marrow and markedly accelerates erythropoiesis of the bone marrow. 6. All these vitamins tested have no accelerating offect on the hemoglobin synthesis. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 71 10-2 1959 骨髄組織培養に対する各種ビタミン添加の影響 第2編 各種ビタミンの偽好酸球墨粒貪喰能及び生体染色性に及ぼす影響 6815 6825 EN Ryosi Kataoka By performing a series of bone-marrow tissue culture of normal rabbits the author studied the effects of various vitamins on carbon-particle phagocytosis and neutral red vital staining of pseudoeosinophils, and obtained the following results. 1. Cocarboxylase, vitamins B(2) and K have no accelerating effect on carbon-particle phagocytosis of pseudoeosinophils nor any effect on the vital staining, suggesting that these substances have no effect directly accelerating the functions of pseudoeosinophils. 2. Vitamins B(1), B(6) and nicotinic acid in a certain adequate concentration only accelerate the carbon-particale phagocytosis of pseudoeosinophils slightly but no neutral red vital staining effect. 3. With vitamin B(12) and folic acid a marked acceleration of the carbon-particle phagocy tosis and a slight acceleration with FAD and vitamin C can be recognized. Likewise from the standpoint of the neutral red vital staining these seem to possess the accelerating action on the functions of pseudoeosinophils. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 71 10-2 1959 骨髄組織培養に対する各種ビタミン添加の影響 第1編 各種ビタミンの組織増生並に偽好酸球の運動能に及ぼす影響 6797 6813 EN Ryosi Kataoka By loading various vitamins to the bone-marrow tissue culture of normal rabbits the author observed systematically the influences of these vitamins on the cell growth and on the cell function of the leucocyte series, especially on the motility of pseudoeosinophils, and obtained the following results. 1. In vitamin B(1), cocarboxylase, vitamin B(2), and vitamin K there can be found no direct action as to increase the number of cells in the bone marrow leucocyte series. 2. Vitamin B(12) and folic acid have been found to possess a power markedly to increase the number of the leucocyte series in bone marrow. 3. Vitamin C has a moderate power, while FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide), vitamin B(6), nicotinic acid, and nicotinamide in an adequate concentration only have the power directly increasing the number of the leucocyte series. 4. Vitamins B(1), B(6), and C as well as folic acid have been found to act as to accelerate the wandering velocity of pseudoeosinophils. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 70 8 2006 Using assessment of higher brain functions of children with GJB2-associated deafness and cochlear implants as a procedure to evaluate language development 1343 1349 EN Akihiro Kawasaki Kunihiro Fukushima Yuko Kataoka Shoichiro Fukuda Kazunori Nishizaki <p><b>Objective:</b> While investigators have reported that patients with GJB2-associated deafness and cochlear implants have preferable language development, the mechanisms of this phenomenon remains unknown. The goat of the present study was to assess higher brain functions of patients with GJB2-retated and GJB2-unrelated deafness as a method of evaluating language development.<br /> <b>Methods:</b> Eight children with cochlear implants were subjected to genetic testing for GJB2 and underwent the Raven colored progressive matrices test, Rey's auditory verbal learning test, Rey's complex figure test, the standardized Language test for aphasia, the picture vocabulary test, and the standardized comprehension test for abstract words.<br /> <b>Results:</b>Three children were diagnosed with GJB2-related deafness, and five children were diagnosed with GJB2-unrelated deafness. All three GJB2-related cases demonstrated normal range higher brain functions and fair language development. By contrast, one GJB2-unrelated case showed a semantic disorder, another demonstrated a visual cognitive disorder with dyslexia, and another had attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.<br /> <b>Conclusions:</b>Children with GJB2-unrelated deafness showed a high frequency of heterogeneous disorders that can affect proper language development. This difference between children with GJB2-retated and GJB2-unrelated deafness may account for the improved language development in children with GJB2-related deafness and cochlear implants. Further, genetic diagnosis of the non-syndromic hearing toss represents a useful tool for the preoperative prediction of outcomes following a cochlear implant procedure.</p> No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 64 2 2010 Experimental Pulmonary Granuloma Mimicking Sarcoidosis Induced by Propionibacterium acnes in Mice 75 83 EN Kouji Iio Tomoe Ueno Iio Yuhei Okui Hirohisa Ichikawa Yasushi Tanimoto Nobuaki Miyahara Arihiko Kanehiro Mitsune Tanimoto Yasunari Nakata Mikio Kataoka Original Article 10.18926/AMO/32852 <p>Propionibacterium acnes has been implicated as an etiologic agent of sarcoidosis since the isolation of this bacterium from sarcoid lesions. We experimentally produced a murine pulmonary granuloma model using P. acnes with several features that simulate sarcoidosis. Mice were sensitized with heat-killed P. acnes and complete Freund's adjuvant and were subsequently challenged with heat-killed P. acnes at 2-week intervals. P. acnes-challenged mice developed epitheloid cell granulomas in the lungs. These mice showed a pulmonary immune response characterized by an increased number of T-lymphocytes, especially CD4 cells, and the ratio of CD4/CD8 in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid also increased. Furthermore, significant elevations in both angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) serum levels and antibody titers against P. acnes were observed. Mice sensitized with P. acnes without complete Freund's adjuvant were capable of forming pulmonary granulomas, which appeared to be caused by indigenous P. acnes. The genome of P. acnes was found in the lungs, BAL cells, hilar lymph nodes, liver, and spleen in non-sensitized mice, which were thought to be germ-free. These results suggest that the immune response against indigenous P. acnes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of granuloma formation in a murine model.</p> No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 46 1 1992 Clinical features of 125 patients with sarcoidosis: Okayama University Hospital review of a recent 10-year period. 31 36 EN Shigee Hosoya Mikio Kataoka Yasunari Nakata Tsuyoshi Maeda Hiroshi Nishizaki Tohru Hioka Yoshihiro Mori Tougo Ejiri Katsuhiko Shiomi Hiroshi Ueoka Takeyuki Numata Kenji Nishii Tsuyoshi Kodani Yoshiaki Moritani Taisuke Ohnoshi Ikuro Kimura Article 10.18926/AMO/32676 <p>Clinical features were studied in 125 patients with sarcoidosis (72 females and 53 males) diagnosed at Okayama University Hospital during a recent 10-year period. The age distribution had two peaks in patients in their 20s and the 50s. Over half of the patients were detected at health screening check and were asymptomatic, while the remaining were symptomatic. Twelve patients were in stage 0, 41 were in stage I, 54 were in stage II, 16 were in stage III, and 2 were in stage IV according to the chest x-ray findings. Serum angiotensin converting enzyme levels and serum lysozyme levels were elevated in 60% and 76% of the patients, respectively. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed lymphocytosis, especially of helper T-cells. The clinical features of sarcoidosis appear to depend on the duration of the disease.</p> No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 33 6 1979 Immuno-chemotherapy of malignant lymphoma using OK-432, a streptococcal agent 471 478 EN Ikuro Kimura Taisuke Ohnoshi Yasunari Nakata Kenta Takasugi Masafumi Fujii Kyoichi Hayashi Mikio Kataoka Masaharu Sato Ryuji Nishihara Article 10.18926/AMO/32044 <p>Clinical trials of immuno-chemotherapy were conducted on malignant lymphoma patients. Patients during the period from 1972 through 1977 were allocated to two groups retrospectively according to the mode of treatment, i.e., chemotherapy alone (historical control group, 35 patients) and chemotherapy with OK-432 (treated group, 15 patients). Comparisons were made of the two groups, which were homogeneous with regard to induction chemotherapy, maintenance chemotherapy, stage and histologic type of disease. The treated group had a higher remission rate, and a longer remission duration and survival than the control groups, especially in patients with Hodgkin's disease but the difference was not statistically significant owing to the limited number of cases.</p> No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 55 2 2001 The role of fibronectin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthmatic patients. 83 89 EN Masashi Ohke Shinya Tada Makoto Nabe Kiyoshi Matsuo Mikio Kataoka Mine Harada Article 10.18926/AMO/32009 <p>Allergic and chronic inflammation of the airway is regarded as the main pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, in which adhesion of inflammatory cells requires the expression of adhesion molecules. Thus, to clarify the role of fibronectin (FN) in the airway inflammation of bronchial asthma, FN levels in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from bronchial asthmatics were determined. FN concentrations in plasma and BALF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorvent assay (ELISA) in 17 asthmatic patients and 10 healthy controls to elucidate the role of FN in allergic inflammation. The mean FN/albumin (Alb) level in the BALF of asthmatic patients was 2.973 micrograms/mg, which was significantly higher than that of healthy controls (0.727 microgram/mg). Non-atopic asthmatics showed a significantly higher level of FN in their BALF in comparison with atopic asthmatics, although the ratio of FN to albumin showed no significant difference. FN levels in BALF correlated significantly with total cell density (r = 0.71, P &#60; 0.05) and alveolar macrophage density (r = 0.64, P &#60; 0.05). FN levels in plasma did not correlate with those in BALF. In conclusion, increased FN in BALF, which was produced locally in the airways of asthmatic patients, is actively involved in the regulation of allergic inflammation.</p> No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 55 4 2001 Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. 205 211 EN Hideki Takehara Shinya Tada Mikio Kataoka Kiyoshi Matsuo Yoshiki Ueno Shinji Ozaki Toshitsugu Miyake Yoshiaki Fujimori Ichiro Yamadori Mine Harada Article 10.18926/AMO/31991 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 40 5 1986 Alveolar lymphocyte proliferation induced by Propionibacterium acnes in sarcoidosis patients. 257 264 EN Yasunari Nakata Togo Ejiri Toshiyuki Kishi Yoshihiro Mori Tohru Hioka Mikio Kataoka Taisuke Ohnoshi Ikuro Kimura Article 10.18926/AMO/31929 <p>The proliferation of lymphocytes induced by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) was measured by the in vitro incorporation of 3H-thymidine. The mean response rate of alveolar lymphocytes obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage was 2.23 +/- 0.89 in nine untreated sarcoidosis patients, 0.85 +/- 0.17 in five sarcoidosis patients given corticosteroids and 0.78 +/- 0.29 in 11 controls. The proliferation was significantly enhanced in the untreated patients compared to both the treated patients (p less than 0.01) and controls (p less than 0.001), but there was no significant difference in response rates between the treated patients and controls. The response rate of alveolar lymphocytes was significantly higher in four active patients (3.05 +/- 0.61) than in four inactive patients (1.77 +/- 0.44) (p less than 0.05) and in the controls (p less than 0.001). In sarcoidosis patients, the response rates showed a good correlation with activities of serum lysozyme (r = 0.695, p less than 0.01), and with percentages of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (r = 0.591, p less than 0.05). There was a low correlation between angiotensin-converting enzyme activities and the response rates (r = 0.508, p less than 0.1). Neither peripheral blood lymphocytes in sarcoidosis patients nor in controls showed any response to P. acnes, but alveolar lymphocytes of the untreated active sarcoidosis patients were sensitive to P. acnes. The lymphocytes activated by P. acnes may play a central role in the induction of alveolitis in sarcoidosis patients.</p> No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 62 6 2008 Mechanistic Analysis of Resistance to REIC/Dkk-3-induced Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cells 393 401 EN Tomoko Kobayashi Masakiyo Sakaguchi Ryuta Tanimoto Fernando Abarzua Mikiro Takaishi Haruki Kaku Ken Kataoka Takashi Saika Yasutomo Nasu Masahiro Miyazaki Hiromi Kumon Nam-ho Huh Original Article 10.18926/AMO/30945 <p>We have recently shown that a new therapeutic modality using the REIC/Dkk-3 gene (Ad-REIC) is effective against various human cancers, including those of prostate, testis and breast origins. The aim of the present study was to examine the sensitivity of bladder cancers to Ad-REIC and to clarify the molecular mechanisms that determine sensitivity/resistance. We found that 2 human bladder cancer cell lines, T24 and J82, are resistant to Ad-REIC. In T24 and J82 cells, the ER stress response and activation of JNK were observed in a manner similar to that in the sensitive PC3 cells. Translocation of Bax to mitochondria occurred in PC3 cells but not in T24 and J82 cells. Bcl-2 was remarkably overexpressed in T24 and J82 compared with the expression levels in sensitive cell lines. Treatment of T24 and J82 cells with a Bcl-2 inhibitor sensitized the cells to Ad-REIC-induced apoptosis. The results indicate that some human bladder cancers are resistant to apoptosis induced by overexpression of REIC/Dkk-3, which is at least in part due to up-regulation of Bcl-2. These results provide a basis for possible use of Bcl-2 as a marker of sensitive cancers and to try to sensitize resistant cancers to Ad-REIC by down-regulation of Bcl-2.</p> No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 50 1 1996 Factors affecting prognosis of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. 37 46 EN Kiyoshi Matsuo Shinya Tada Takuo Shibayama Yoshiki Ueno Toshitugu Miyake Hideki Takehara Mikio Kataoka Mine Harada Ikuro Kimura Article 10.18926/AMO/30510 <p>&#60;P&#62;Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) is a progressive and often fatal pulmonary disorder, and evaluating the prognosis of patients with IIP has never been sufficient. Accordingly, factors including clinical features, laboratory data, cellular components in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and response to corticosteroid therapy were analyzed in 35 patients with IIP whose median age of respiratory onset was 60 years (range; 37-77 years). Nineteen patients (54.3%) were in the active stage of IIP and 16 of them were treated with corticosteroids. Significant prognostic factors were the neutrophil percentage in BAL fluid, interstitial shadows on chest radiograph, pulmonary function, blood oxygen level, grade of dyspnea, and disease activity at the initial examination. Patients in the active stage showed higher proportions of neutrophils and eosinophils in BAL fluid than those in the non-active stage. Despite corticosteroid therapy, the survival of patients in the active stage was significantly shorter than those in the non-active stage. Fifty percent of the patients treated with corticosteroids were regarded as responders at 1 month after the initiation of therapy; however, there was no significant difference between responders and non-responders in terms of survival time. In conclusion, disease activity and neutrophils in BAL fluid may be important predictors of the prognosis of IIP.&#60;/P&#62;</p> No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山実験動物研究会 Acta Medica Okayama 3 1985 各種哺乳動物の乳成分組成の比較 24 32 EN Kei Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 122 1 2010 頚椎症性脊髄症の診療ガイドライン 67 71 EN Masato Tanaka Yoshihisa Sugimoto Haruo Misawa Tomohiro Takahata Toshifumi Ozaki No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 70 12 1958 動脈血並に静脈血の血液凝固時間及び血清殺菌作用に関する研究 第3編 動脈血並に静脈血の血清殺菌作用の差異に関する研究 4493 4500 EN Kazuo Kataoka 1) In the dog, as to the bactericidal action, the blood of the femoral, pulmonary and hepatic veins are stronger than those of the femoral artery, pulmonary artery and the portal vein respectively. Among them the serum bactericidal action of the blood of the hepatic vein is the strongest. 2) In the human, the serum bactericidal actions of the blood of the cubital vein and pulmonary vein is stronger than that of the brachial artery and pulmonary artery. 3) The amount of serum γ-globulin is greater in the blood of the cubital vein and pulmonary vein than in that of the brachial artery and pulmonary artery respectively, prsssnting a correlation with the difference of serum bactericidal actions, thus suggesting their important roles in the bactericidal action. 4) The blood sugar level is a little higher in the blood of the brachial artery, femoral artery and pulmonary artery than in that of the cubital vein, pulmonary vein and femoral vein respectively; however, the blood sugar content of the hepatic vein and portal vein does not give a constant value. Consequently the blood sugar level in various vessels does not seem to have any significant relation to the difference of the serum bactericidal effect. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 70 12 1958 動脈血並に静脈血の血液凝固時間及び血清殺菌作用に関する研究 第2編 動脈血並に静脈血の血液凝固時間の差異の意義に関する実験的研究 4479 4492 EN Kazuo Kataoka 1) As far as the number of the blood platelets is concerned, neither significant difference is observed between the carotid arterv and jugular vein, nor between the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein, while the platelet number of the blood of the femoral vein is smaller than that of the femoral artery. On the other hand, the blood of the hepatic vein and portal vein contained a greater number of platelets than that of any other blood vessel. 2) The serum prothrombin time of the blood of the carotid, femoral and pulmonary arteries is a little shorter than that of the corresponding veins respectively. Those of the hepatic and portal veins are shorter than those of other vessels. The various organs and tissues of the hepato-portal system are thought to play an important role in production of prothrombin. 3) The serum calcium contents of the blood of various vessels show no significant differences. 4) As for amount of thrombin in the serum, the blood of the femoral and pulmonary arteries contains greater amount than that of the femoral and pulmonary vein respectively, The thrombin content of the hepatic and portal veins is still greater. 5) As far as the amount of serum fibrinogen is concerned, the carotid arterial blood and the pulmonary arterial blood show a greater value than the corresponding venous blood respectively. The blood of the hepatic and portal vein presents still greater estimate. 6) The amount of plasma protein shows no significant difference between various arteries and veins, although those of hepatic and portalveins give a slightly greater values than those of the other vessels. 7) The blood sugar values of the femoral and pulmonary arterial blood are slightly greater than those of the femoral and pulmonary venous blood respectively. 8) The phenomenon of fibrinolysis occurrs strongly in the blood of the femoral vein, while it occurrs more weakly in the blood of hepatic and portal veins compared with other blood vessels. 9) The number of blood platelets and the amount of prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen, serum protein and fibrinolysin have some relation respectively to the fact that the coagulating time of the blood of the carotid, pulmonary and femorary arteries is shorter than that of the corresponding veins respectively and that of the blood of the hepatic and portal veins is much shorter. Particularly the amounts of prothrombin, thrombin and fibrinogen are seen to play an important role. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 70 12 1958 動脈血並に静脈血の血液凝固時間及び血清殺菌作用に関する研究 第1編 動脈血並に静脈血の血液凝固時間の差異に関する実験的研究 4471 4477 EN Kazuo Kataoka 1) The coagulating time of the blood of the carotid artery is shorter than that of the jugular vein. 2) The coagulating time of the blood of the femoral artery is shorter than that of the femoral vein. 3) The coagulating time of the blood of the pulmonary artery is shorter than that of the pulmonaly vein. 4) Schmidt's theory, which ascribes the difference of the coagulating time between the arterial and venous blood to the difference of the amount of O(2) and CO(2), is not thought to be perfect. 5) The coagulating time of the blood of the thoracic interior vena cava is much shorter than that of the femoral vein. 6) The coagulating time of the blood of the hepatic vein and the portal vein is shorter than that of any other artery or vein. The coagulating time of the hepatic venous blood is a little shorter than that of the portal venous blood. 7) Among the three main roots of the portal vein, the coagulating time of the lienal venous blood is the shortest, then the superior mesenteric venous blood and the longest is that of the interior mesenteric venous blood. 8) The coagulaing time of the blood of the portal vein is shorter than those of its roots, viz. the lienal, superior and inferior mesenteric veins. 9) The fact that the blood coagulating time of the thoracic inferior vena cava is much shorter than that of the femoral vein is accounted for the inflow of the blood from the hepatic vein. 10) The fact that the blood coagulating time of the pulmonary vein is longer than that of the thoracic inferior vena cava is ascribed to the blood inflow from the jugular vein. 11) The coagulating time of the blood is prolonged after its perfusion through various organs except those of the hepato-portal system. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 93 5-6 1981 ヒト末梢血単球の走性に関する研究 第2編 肺癌患者の単球走性 499 506 EN Mikio Kataoka The chemotactic responsiveness of peripheral blood monocytes was measured in 71 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma, 13 patients with sarcoidosis, 14 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 91 normal controls. The monocyte chemotactic response (MCR) was significantly depressed in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma (mean=19.6±6.6,P<0.001) as compared to normal controls (mean=33.7±7.4). On the other hand, MCR was significantly enhanced in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (mean=41.6±7.9,P<0.01). There was no significant difference from normal controls in patients with sarcoidosis (mean=27.5±8.5). In bronchogenic carcinoma patients, depression of the MCR was observed in all clinical stages. The MCR was further depressed in patients with evidence of distant metastasis compared to those without metastasis. There was no significant correlation between the MCR and histologic types of tumors. The MCR was significantly lowered by combination chemotherapy in 21 cases who received chemotherapy, but was elevated in 5 of 6 patients who had a remission after combination chemotherapy. These data showed that monocyte function in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma was suppressed, and suggested that malignant tumors themselves might affect monocyte function. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 93 5-6 1981 ヒト末梢血単球の走性に関する研究 第1編 単球走性測定法の検討 489 498 EN Mikio Kataoka The human monocyte is an important member of the host defence system, but has been little studied in vitro. In this report, I describe a reproducible and simple method for monocyte chemotaxis in man, using a Boyden chamber. Monocyte suspension was prepared by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient sedimentation. The purity of the suspension was checked with Peroxidase-Giemsa staining. Chemotaxis assay was performed using a 5 μm pore sized Millipore filter(thickness:150 μm) and a Nuclepore filter (thickness:13 μm). When the Millipore filter was used, migrated cells stayed in the filter, while it appeared that cells detached from the filter when the Nuclepore filter was used. In the modified Boyden method using a Millipore filter, more than 3×10(5) monocytes had to be added to the upper room of the chamber, and the duration of 90 minutes was adequate for incubation. Zymosan activated human serum diluted 20 percent was used as the chemoattractant. To estimate chemotaxis in the Millipore filter, migrated cells in the filter were counted at 30 μm depth. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2009 側貌骨格形態と下顎限界運動の関連性に関する研究 EN Tomoki Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 93 3-4 1981 ブレオマイシンによるクロマチンDNA鎖切断の定量的研究 361 381 EN Kazuhiro Kataoka Single and double strand breakage of DNA by bleomycin under various conditions was analyzed quantitatively using purified simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA and SV40 chromatin. The method employed for DNA assay was fluorometry of SV40 DNA separated into three forms I, II, and III by 1.4% agarose gel electrophoresis and stained with ethidium bromide. This method was extremely simple and accurate for quantitative estimation of single and double strand breakage of circular DNA. The amount of bleomycin required for in vitro breakage of SV40 chromatin DNA was much higher than that of naked SV40 DNA. 2-Mercaptoethanol accerated bleomycin-induced DNA strand breakage. The concentration of 2-mercaptoethanol required for the acceleration was higher in SV40 chromatin than in SV40 DNA. DNA strand breakage was induced by ferrous ions in the absence of bleomycin to a similar level in SV40 chromatin and in SV40 DNA. The acceleration of bleomycin-induced strand breakage by a low concentration of ferrous ion was higher in SV40 DNA than in SV40 chromatin. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and copper ions were not efficient for stopping the reaction of bleomycin-induced DNA breakage. Sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) was a useful reagent for stopping the reaction. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学医療技術短期大学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0917-4494 9 1 1998 皮膚サルコイドーシスの臨床 ―最近20年間に岡山大学第2内科にて経験した65症例について― 49 57 EN Yasunari Nakata Mikio Kataoka Junichi Hiramatsu Kazunori Okazaki Mine Harada 10.18926/15275 1976年から1996年に岡山大学第2内科を受診したサルコイドーシス255例のうち,65例(71病変)の皮膚サルコイドーシス(皮膚サ症)について,臨床経過,臨床検査成績,胸部病変との関連,予後について検討した｡皮膚サ症患者の年齢は18歳から77歳で中央値は51歳であった｡女性例が42例(65%)と多 く,特に50歳代女性に43%と最も高率であった｡皮膚病型では結節型33例,皮下型16例,び慢浸潤型3例,局面型6例,結節性紅斑様皮疹3例,苔癬様型1例,瘢痕浸潤9例であった｡皮膚サ症では非皮膚サ症に比して気管支肺胞洗浄液中リンパ球の低率が見られたが,その他の臨床成績に差は認められなかった｡皮膚病型別に検討すると,局面型,び慢浸潤型では気管支肺胞洗浄液中リンパ球CD4/CD8比は高く,3年後の皮膚および肺病変の残存率は高かった｡一方皮下型ではCD4/CD8比は低く皮膚,肺病変の残存率も低かった｡ No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学医学部保健学科 Acta Medica Okayama 1345-0948 14 1 2003 自己申告による入院患者の病院食の摂取量とその関連要因に関する研究 37 45 EN Tetsuya Kataoka Kazuko Sumiyoshi Chieko Kawata 10.18926/15206 岡山大学医学部附属病院に入院中で,主に消化器系の疾患を持ち手術を受けた患者,主に消化器内で治療中の患者,主に血液内科で治療前･治療中の患者,主に腎･内分泌内科など慢性疾患の治療を受けている患者で,1週間以上入院しており,了承の得られた92名の患者を対象に,自己申告による病院食の摂取量とその関連要因について調査した結果以下の4点が明らかになった｡ 1.病院食の摂取量が半分以下であると答えた患者は約40%であった｡ 2.病院食の摂取量は,治療方法,身体症状と強い関連がみられた｡ 3.病院食の摂取量が多い者は食事の時間を楽しく感じ,食事にも満足していた｡ 4.食事に対する知識･興味･行動･有益性と病院食の摂取量との間には有意な関係はみられなかった｡ No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学医学部保健学科 Acta Medica Okayama 1345-0948 14 1 2003 化学発がんの非遺伝毒性的メカニズムの解明に関する最近の動向 1 14 EN Kiyonori Yamaoka Katsumi Hanamoto Yasuhiro Ina Takahiro Kataoka Atsusi Kawabe Masanobu Sano Ayako Ujifuku 10.18926/15202 本総説は,筆者らが進めている｢低線量放射線の健康への影響と医療への応用｣に関する研究に資するために調査した,化学発がんの非遺伝毒性的メカニズムの解明に関する最近の動向の概要についてまとめたものである｡即ち,非遺伝毒性的発がんにおける細胞増殖,シトクロムP450誘導,酸化的ストレス,および遺伝子発現のそれぞれの役割,並びに量的な応答性について言及した｡また,後成的発がんにおけるアポトーシス,およびギャップ結合による情報伝達のそれぞれの役割についても触れた｡その結果,非遺伝毒性的な発がん物質の作用の様式とメカニズムやこれによる後成的な影響などについては解明さ れつつあり,特に,これらの発がん物質がゲノムDNAに対し直接的な相互作用,突然変異,修飾などを行う発がん物質とは機能的に異なった作用をすることが明らかになった｡また,これらは放射線発がんなど低線量放射線の健康への影響などについて研究する上で,重要な知見となっていることもわかった。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院 Acta Medica Okayama 0918-7839 69 1998 The clinical effects of dietary supplementation with n-3 fatty acids in bronchial asthma compared with n-6 fatty acids. 40 48 EN Makoto Okamoto Kozo Ashida Fumihiro Mitsunobu Takashi Mifune Yasuhiro Hosaki Hirofumi Tsugeno Seishi Harada Eiichiro Yumoto Shingo Takata Yoshiro Tanizaki Mikio Kataoka Mine Harada 10.18926/14959 N-3 fatty acids, such as fish oil, have been reported to have some beneficial effects in patients with bronchial asthma by suppressing leukocyte function, followed by reduction of the need for pharmacologic agents. To examine the effects of dietary supplementation with perilla seed oil rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA), 23 patients with　asthma took corn oil rich in linoleic acid (LA) for the former two weeks, perilla seed oil for the later two weeks. The asthmatic patients were classified into two groups by the changes of the generation of leukotrienes B4 (LTB4), C4 (LTC4), and B5 (LTB5) during the two courses of dietary modification: one was sensitive to dietary modification, and the other was insensitive to dietary supplementation. We compared the two groups in clinical characteristics. Significant differences were observed in peak flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1.0), IgE, sex, obesity index (OI), concentration of serum total cholesterol, albumin, low density lipoprotein {LDL)-cholesterol, β-lipoprotein and phospholipids between two groups. This study indicated that these factors influence the generation of LTB4, C4 and B5 of asthmatic patients in dietary supplementation. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院 Acta Medica Okayama 0918-7839 70 1999 Factors influencing the effects of dietary supplementation　with PUFAs on leukotriene generation by leucocytes in　patients with asthma 43 52 EN Makoto Okamoto Fumihiro Mitsunobu Kozo Ashida Takashi Mifune Yasuhiro Hosaki Hirofumi Tsugeno Seishi Harada Shingo Takada Yoshiro Tanizaki Mikio Kataoka Kenji Niiya Mine Harada 10.18926/14933 Dietary supplementation with perilla seed oil, a vegetable oil rich in α -lin- olenic acid, inhibits the generation of leukotrienes(LTs) by leucocytes in patients with bronchial asthma. We examined the factors that affect the suppression of LT generation by leucocytes with perilla seed oil-rich supplementation in patients with asthma, by comparing the clinical features of patients with asthma, whose generation of leukotriene (LT) C4 was suppressed by dietary supplementation with perilla seed oil (n-3 fatty acids) (group A), with those of patients who showed no suppression of LTC4 generation (group B). Group A showed a significant increase in the generation of LTB4 and L TC4 by leucocytes after corn oil-rich supplementation (n-6 fatty acids), and a significant decrease in the generation of LTB4 and LTC4 after perilla seed oil-rich supplementation (n-3 fatty acid). However, this was not observed in group B. The level of serum IgE and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in group A were significantly higher than in group B. Furthermore, the serum levels of LDL-cholesterol, β-lipoprotein and　phospholipid were significantly lower in group A than in group B. These results suggest that the clinical features differ between these two asthmatic populations with respect to suppression of LTB4 and LTC4 generation by n-3 fatty acids in perilla seed oil-rich supplementation. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝医療センター Acta Medica Okayama 1348-1258 76 2008 IgG4関連疾患 60 65 EN Kazuhisa Hiramatsu Motoi Asano Koki Matsushita Tomoko Miyoshi Sukio Nakamura Takaaki Mizushima Norio Koide Hitomi Kataoka Koji Ochi Fumihiro Mitsunobu 10.18926/14901 IgG4関連疾患は21世紀になって提唱された新しい疾患である｡組織学的にはIgG4陽性形質細胞やリンパ球浸潤が涙腺, 唾液腺, 後腹膜, 膵臓, 胆管などで起こり, 臨床的にはMikulicz病, 後腹膜線維症, 自己免疫膵炎, 糖尿病, 原発性硬化性胆管炎類似の胆管病変などを呈する全身性疾患であり, ステロイド治療に対する良好な反応性を認める｡その診断基準は確立されておらず, われわれは, �@血清IgG4の高値, �A本疾患に特徴的な臓器の障害(唾液腺,涙腺, 膵臓, 後腹膜), �B組織学的にIgG4陽性形質細胞とリンパ球の浸潤の確認, の３項目のうち２項目以上認めれば, IgG4関連疾患とするという診断基準を提言する｡ No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 121 1 2009 女性医師のキャリア支援　Ｈ19文部科学省社会的ニーズに対応した質の高い医療人養成推進プログラム（医療人 GP）選定　「女性を生かすキャリア支援計画」の活動報告と今後 35 40 EN Hitomi Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 103 9-10 1991 間質性肺疾患における肺胞マクロファージに関する研究　第2編　サルコイドーシスにおける肺胞マクロファージ活性と疾患活動性との比較について 1097 1102 EN Shigee Hosoya Several abnormalities of alveolar macrophage function were found in patients with sarcoidosis, and such abnormalities reflected the recruitment of immature macrophages to the local sites. In this study, alveolar macrophage function was compared with the disease activity in patients with sarcoidosis. The alveolar macrophage phagocytic index correlated closely with the spleen index obtained by ultrasonography, but not with serum angiotensin converting enzyme levels, lung function tests, or the cell differentiations of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The patients who had a positive uptake of 67-gallium scintigram showed a higher phagocytic index and a higher percentage of CD15-positive alveolar macrophages than those with negative scintigrams. Acid phosphatase activity and the percentage of CD15-positive alveolar macrophages were increased in patients with negative PPD skin tests compared to those with positive tests. We previously reported that alveolar lymphocytes in patients with sacroidosis are sensitized to Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), which may play a significant role in the induction of alveolitis in these patients. There was a significant correlation between the blastogenesis of alveolar lymphocytes induced by P. acnes and beta-galactosidase activity as well as the percentage of CD14-positive alveolar macrophages. These findings suggest that alveolar macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, in which the clinical abnormalities may reflect abnormal alveolar macrophage function. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 103 9-10 1991 間質性肺疾患における肺胞マクロファージに関する研究　第1編　肺胞マクロファージの機能，胞体内ライソゾーム酵素活性，膜表面抗原の検討 1089 1095 EN Shigee Hosoya Interstitial lung diseases comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders that are characterized by the chronic accumulation of inflammatory and immune effector cells within the alveoli, where they produce alveolitis, granulomas, or fibrosis. To investigate the pathogenesis of these diseases, the fucntions of alveolar macrophages recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage were evaluated in patients with interstitial lung disease in comparison to healthy controls. Thirty six patients were investigated : 18 with sarcoidosis, 6 with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), 5 with interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular disease (IP-CVD), and 7 with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP). Both the chemotactic and phagocytic indices were significantly higher in the patients with sarcoidosis, IIP, and HP than in the healthy subjects. However, the patients with IP-CVD had a lower phagocytic index than the normal subjects. Acid phosphatase activity was lower in patients with IIP, IP-CVD, and HP compared with the healthy subjects, while beta-galactosidase activity was lower in patients with sarcoidosis and IP-CVD compared with the normal controls. Analysis of surface markers showed that CD15-positive macrophages were increased in patients with sarcoidosis, IIP, and HP, but there were no differences in CD14- and HLA-DR-positive macrophages in these patients when compared to the healthy subjects. These findings indicate that the recruitment of peripheral blood monocytes to the lungs is increased in patients with sarcoidosis, IIP, and HP. Alveolar macrophages may play an important role in the pathogenesis of intersitial lung disease. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 104 3-4 1992 インターフェロン並びにインターフェロン誘発剤に関する基礎的・臨床的研究　第2編　急性非リンパ性白血病寛解期における β-Carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide (Ge-132) の臨床効果 259 266 EN Mitsuhiro Fukumoto The clinieal of Ge-132 in the management of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) patients at remission phase were studied. Twenty-two ANLL patients with complete remission were randomized into Groups A and B. Patients in Group A were treated with the combianation with Ge-132 (2,250mg/day ; p. o daily) and intermittent-alternating chemotherapy 〔daunorubicin, vincristine, cytosine arabinoside and prednisolone (DVCP)/aclarubicin vincristine cytosine arabinoside and prednisolone (AVCP)〕and patients in Groyp B were treated with intermittent-alter nating chemotherapy (DVCP/AVCP) alone. Evaluable patients were 7 in Group A and 10 in Group B. Remission duration and survival time were not significantly different between Groups A and B. (median remission duration ; 5.7 month in Group A vs 8.1 month in Group B/median surival time ; 23.9month in Group A vs 18.3month in Group B) The rates of second remission in relapsed cases were not significantly different between Groups A and B.〔2 of 7,(28.6%) in Group A vs 3 of 10,(30.0%) in B〕Ge-132 did not accelerate the recovery from myelosuppression after intensification with the DVCP regimen. The incidence of liver damage and levels of serum GOT and GPT tended to be lower in Group A than in Group B. In this clinical study the incidence of liver damage tended to be lowere in patients treated with Ge-132. The liver damage which often develops during intensificantion chemotherapy, not only limits the chemotherapy but also causes adverse effects on the quality of life of the patient. In part 1 of this series, Ge-132 was reported to activate the neutrophil chemiluminescence. Ge-132 seems to be useful in the management of ANLL patients not only by the enhancement of the host defense system but also by the prevenation of liver damage. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 104 1-2 1992 サルコイドーシスの肺肉芽腫形成に対する Propionibacterium acens の関与に関する研究　第2編　Propionibacterium acens による実験的肺肉芽腫症における肺胞リンパ球の Interleukin-2 産生及び Interleukin-2　受容体発現のついて 129 136 EN Yoshihiro Mori The role of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) isolated from a high percentage of patients with sarcoidosis by Dr. Honnma, as a cause of sarcoidosis was examined. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and the responsiveness to IL-2 of alveolar lymphocytes stimulated by P. acnes were examined in vitro in a guinea pig model. The animals were divided into 4 groups, normal guinea pigs (group 1), guinea pigs intracutaneously presensitized with P. acnes and intratracheally challenged by saline (group 2), guinea pigs presensitized as above and intratracheally challenged with P. acnes (group 3), and guinea pigs presensitized as above and intratracheally challenged by P. acnes-pyridine extract residue (P. acnes-PER)(group 4). The production of IL-2 by alveolar lymphocytes stimulated by P. acnes-PER for 48 hours was determined using the method described by Gillis et al. The responsiveness of alveoloar lymphocytes to IL-2 was evaluated by 3H-TdR uptake in the presence and absence of P. acnes-PER. The amount of IL-2 produced by alveolar lymphocytes was 0.6±1.1, 0.7±1.1, 21.2±27.9 and 329.4±294.1 u/ml (M±SD), respectively, in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4. The value of IL-2 production in groups 3 and 4, the intratracheally challenged groups, was significantly higher htna that in groups 1 and 2, the control groups (p<0.02, p<0.01). By contrast, the IL-2 production of peripheral lymphocytes in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 was 0, 7.4±10.3, 8.6±15.7 and 9.3±8.9 u/ml, respectively. The amount of IL-2 produced was about one-tenth thar of alveolar lymphocytes. In the intratracheally challenged groups, the responsiveness to IL-2 of alveolar lymphocytes in the presence and absence of P. acnes-PER was 12,514±12,766 and 6,611±7,066 for group 3, and 12,362±9,414 and 5,818±5,494 dpm, respectively, for group 4. The responsiveness to IL-2 of alveolar lymphoctyes in group 4 was signifincantly increased by stimulation with P. acnes-PER (p<0.05), but that in groups 1 and 2, control groups, was not different. Our findings indicate that P. acnes-PER stimulated IL-2 production from alveolar lymphocytes and induced a functionally active state of alveolar lymphocytes to IL-2 in this guinea pig model. In conclusion, the role of alveolar lymphocytes in an animal model stimulated by P. acnes appears to be consistent with that obtained on the sarcoidosis patients we previously reported. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 104 9-10 1992 肺小細胞癌化学療法実施例における重複癌の発生に関する研究 915 922 EN Kenichi Miyake Development of double cancer was evaluated in 337 small cell lung cancer patients who had received intensive chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy. Of them, 14 patients (4.2%) developed a second malignancy: non-small cell lung cancer in six, stomach cancer in four, acute myelogenous leukemia in two, liver cancer in one, and esophagus cancer in one. The relative risk for the development of double cancer calculated by person-year method utilizing age and sex adjusted cancer incidence in Japan was 2.75-fold (P<0.01). The risk of non-small cell lung cancer (8.75-fold) and acute myelogenous leukemia (37.82-fold) was particularly high. The cumulative risk for the development of double cancer was 2.0% at 1 year, 4.1% at 2 years, 14.3% at 3 years, and 100% at 8.1 years. Of 27 patients who survived disease-free for more than 2 years, 10 patients died; five patients (50%) died of double cancer, two died of infectious disease, and only three patients died from recurrent small cell lung cancer. These findings indicate that a cautious follow-up program for the detection of double cancer is indicated in patients with small cell lung cancer. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 104 1-2 1992 サルコイドーシスの肺肉芽腫形成に対する Propionibacterium acens の関与に関する研究　第1編　サルコイドーシス肺胞リンパ球のPropionibacterium acens に対する Interleukin-2 産生及び Interleukin-2　受容体発現のついて 117 127 EN Yoshihiro Mori We previously reported that alveolar lymophocytes in patients with active sarcoidosis are sensitized Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) which may play a significant role in the induction of alveolitis in these patients. We further investigated the production of Interleukin-2 (IL-2), and the responsiveness to IL-2 of alveolar lymphocytes obtained from sarcoidosis patients and stimulated by P. acnes in vitro. In 21 untreated sarcoidosis patients, 7 treated patients and 13 control subjects, the mean IL-2 activity of fluid released from cultured alveoloar lymphocytes was 9.8±15.7 (M±SD), 1.9±4.7 and 0.2±0.8 u/ml respectively. The IL-2 activity of lymphocytes from untreated patients was significantly higher than that of control subjects (p<0.02). Neither perioheral lymphocytes in sarcoidosis patients nor in controls produced IL-2 stimulated by P. acnes. The responsiveness of alveloar lymphocytes to recombinant IL-2 was evaluated by 3H-thymidine uptake in the presence and absence of P. acnes. Lymphocytes stimulated by P. acnes showed a significantly increased uptake (3,766±3,929 dpm) compred to ustimulated lymphocytes (1,123±968 dpm) obtained from 11 untreated sarcoidosis patients (p<0.02). On the other hand, the responsiveness of lymphocytes obtained from 6 control subjects was low regardless of stimulation by P. acnes. There was a significant correlation (p<0.05) between the P. acnes-induced production of IL-2 by alveolar lymphocytes and the blastogenesis of alveloar lymphocytes in untreated sarcoidosis patietnes. Our findings indicate that P. acnes stimulated IL-2 production and IL-2 receptor induction in alveolar lymphocytes from patients with active sarcoidosis. This study supported our hypothesis that P. acnes could be an antigen causing sarcoidosis. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 104 1-2 1992 慢性関節リウマチ患者における大腿骨頸部骨折の臨床的ならびにX線学的研究 63 74 EN Masahide Kawamura Clinical and radiological studies were performed on 58 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had sustained 64 femoral neck fractures. All but one patietns werre female, the mean age was 66.5 years, and mean duration of RA was 17 years. Only 3 hips showed rheumatoid changes. Sixteen fractures of 14 patietns were spontaneous fractures without trauma. Ipsilateral total knee replacements were performed on 5 patients with spontaneous fractures. Results of treatment were analyzed on 47 fractures in 43 patients that could be followed up for more than 1 year (mean 42 months). Clinical results were evaluated by ability of ambula-tion and complications such as nonunion and avascular necrosis of the femoral head. All 4 fractures treated conservatively and 5 of 9 displaced fractures treated by internal fixation developed complications. Femoral head replacements had a high rate of proximal migration (23.8%) and distal migration (76.2%), and ambulation ability was lowered significantly in 10 patients with distal migration for more than 5 mm. On the other hand, satisfactory results were obtained on all 6 fractures treated by total hip replacements (THR). THR is advisable for tratmetn of displaced femoral neck fracture in patients with RA. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 104 1-2 1992 ヌードマウス可移植性ヒト大腸癌細胞株 LoVoに対する interferon-α,-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α の抗腫瘍効果の検討 21 27 EN Kazuhiko Kataoka Yoshio Naomoto Masahiko Muro Kazushi Kojima Sadayuki Horiki Akio Hizuta Noriaki Tanaka Kunzo Orita We investigated the in vivo antitumor effect of recombinant human interferon-α,γ (IFN-α,γ) and/or recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) against human colon cancer cells (LoVo) transplanted into nude mice. LoVo cells were very sensitive to IFN-γ and slightly sensitive to IFN-α and resistant to TNF-α in vitro by dye uptake method. Intravenous administration of IFN-γ significantly inhibited tumor growth transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice, but IFN-α and/or TNF-α did not show any antitumor effect. Labeling index on stanining with bromodeoxyuridune and mitotic index of LoVo cells treated with IFN-α,γ or TNF-α differed slightly from those of the control group. We previously reported that the synergistic antitumor effects on the three cell lines could be examined by the combined use of IFN-α and TNF-α and the mechanism of the synergism was arrested in the S phase of cell cycle of target cells. However in the cese of LoVo cells, the combined use of IFN-α and TNF-α was not effective and did not arrest the cells in tha S phase of cell cycle. Therefore, arrest in the S phase was suspected to be responsible from the synergistic antitumor activity of IFN-α and TNF-α on the sensitive targets. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 106 5-6 1994 悪性リンパ腫の病態と治療に関する研究　第1編　悪性リンパ腫化学療法後の2次癌発症についての検討 493 503 EN Shinya Tagawa The risk of a second malignancy was analyzed in 23 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 177 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) who were initially treated with combination chemotherapy between 1976 and 1990. Among these patients, 3 cases of gastric cancer, 2 cases of lung cancer, 2 cases of hepatoma, one case of colon cnacer, one case of cholangiocarcinoma and one case of acute myeloblastic leukemia were subsequently observed. Median age at diagnosis of lymphoma was 64 years in patients who developed subsequent malignancies but was 9 years higher than that for the entire lymphoma group. Median interval from srart of chemotherapy to the appearance of second malignancy was 43.9 years and ranged from 1.9 years to 8.8 years. The 7-year cumulative risk of second malignancy in HD and NHL were 7.7% and 11.7%, respectively. In Hodgkin's disease, the incidence of stomach and lung cancers was significantly greater than expected incidence calculated on the basis of age-adjusted person-years. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the incidence was also greater than expected for all malignancies except stomach cancer. This indicater that the incidence of solid malignancy as well as leukemia is higher in lymphoma patients after chemotherapy than in the general population. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 105 5-6 1993 サルコイドーシスにおける肺胞マクロフｧージの Interleukin-1 産生に関する研究 465 473 EN Tohru Hioka The production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in alveolar macrophages (AMs) was studied in 25 patients with sarcoidosis to inversigate the role of immune mechanisms in this disease. The radioimmunoassay (RIA) method was compared with the bioassay method for detecting IL-1 in the supernatants of AM cultures. The level of IL-1β measured by RIA was closely corrrelated with the IL-1 activity measured by bioassay (r=0.88, p<0.01). The amount of IL-1β in the supernatant of AM cultures from sarcoidosis patients was compared with those from control subjects. No significant IL-1β activity was detected in the culture supernatants of unstimulated AMs from either group of subjects. However, the production of IL-1β by AMs stimulated with Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) was significantly higher in patients with sarcoidosis than in controls (p<0.05). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced increased IL-1β production by AMs from both sarcoidosis patients and controls compared to unstimulated or P. acnes-stimulated AMS, but the mean IL-1β level for sarcoidosis AMs did not differ from that for control AMs. There was no difference in the IL-1β production of peripheral blood monocytes between sarcoidosis patients and controls. These data suggest that AMs are activated in sarcoidosis and may modulate alveolar lymphocyte functions to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of the disease. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 105 3-4 1993 肺癌のびまん性肺線維化病態に関する研究　第2編　肺癌における末梢血インターロイキン 2 レセプターの検討 353 364 EN Takuo Shibayama Interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were evaluated in patients with lung cancer. The level of sluble IL-2R (sIL-2R) in sera and the percentage of IL-2R positive lymphocytes in lung cancer patients were higher than that in normal subjects, but the lymphocytes reactivity to IL-2 was not different from that in normal subjects. There was no difference in the IL-2/IL-2R system of each histological type in patients with lung cancer. The serum sIL-2R level and the percentage of IL-2R positive lymphocytes increased in the advenced stage, but lymphocyte reactivity to IL-2 decreased. There was dissociation between expression of IL-2R and lymphocyte reactivity to IL-2 in lung cancer patients. Furthermore, serum sIL-2R level increased in relation to progression of fibrotic changes in lung cancer with interstitial pneumonia, although the percentage of IL-2R positive lymphocytes did not increase. Serum sIL-2R level showed no correlation with the percentage of IL-2R positive lymphocytes. These data suggest that the increased level of sIL-2R may be related to fibrotic changes in the lung and reflect the disorder of cellular immunity in lung cancer patients with interstitial pneumonia. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 105 3-4 1993 肺癌のびまん性肺線維化病態に関する研究　第1編　肺癌に随伴するびまん性間質性陰影の臨床的検討 341 351 EN Takuo Shibayama Clinical features and findings on chest x-ray were analyzed to clarify the relationship between lung cancer and interstitial pneumonia. Of 262 patients with lung cancer, 69 patients (26.3%) had interstitial pneumonia. Patients with interstitial pneumonia (LC with IP) were older than those without interstitial pneumonia (LC without IP). The incidence of LC with IP cases among males and smokers were 29.2% and 29.3%, respectively. There were no significant differences among histlogic types and clinical stages of lung cancer. More cases of LC with IP had cancer in the lower (42.0%) and peripheral (76.8%) areas on chest x-ray films. Cancer was frequently located within the interstitial shadow on chest x-ray film. Among 40 patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia associated lung cancer (IIP with LC), there were 38 males and 32 smokers. No dominant histlogic subtype of lung cancer was noted in IIP with LC, though the most frequent was adenocarcinoma (16 cases, 40%). In IIP with LC, the site of cancer was associated with active fibrotic changes in interstitial pneumonia. These data strongly suggest that carcinogenic factors were related to the fibrotic changes in interstitial pneumonia. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 106 3-4 1994 サルコイドーシス患者肺胞マクロファージのサイトカイン産生能に関する研究 349 357 EN Katsuhiko Shiomi The role of cytokines produced from alveolar macrophages (AMs) in the compartmentalized T-cell activation in pulmonary sarcoidosis is poorly understood. Herein, we demonstrate the production of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) by alveolar macro-phages from 36 patients with sarcoidosis and 26 normal subjects. Non-stimulated AMs from sarcoidosis patients spontaneously produced IL-6, as well as TNF-α. The spontaneous produc-tion of IL-6 was significantly increased in the patients with sarcoidosis than in the normal subjects, but not that of TNF-α. Furthermore, the amount of TNF-α and IL-6 produced from AMs stimulated by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) or lipopolysaccharide was significantly increased in patients with asrcoidosis compared to the normal subjects. TNF-α production from AMs stimulated by P. acnes closely correlated to the IL-6 production from AMs stimulat-ed by P. acnes correlated to thr proportion of lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These findings suggest that AMs are activated in sarcoidosis and that those cells produre IL-6 and TNF-α, which are responsible for T-cell activation. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 105 3-4 1993 腎糸球体基底膜をモデルとした理想的な透析膜作製に関する基礎的研究 317 322 EN Yoshio Nagake The glomerular basement membrane (GBM) regulates protein permeability by acting as both a size barrier and charge barrier. Since heparan sulfate-proteoglycan (HS-PG) which forms the charge barrier of the GBM contains a sulfonic acid base, we prepared negatively charged membranes by adding a sulfonic acid base to EVAL (ethylene vinyl alcohol) membranes. The permeabilities os the various proteins in these membranes were compared with those of conventional neutrally charged EVAL membranes. The permselectivity for proteins of negatively charged EVAL membranes depends largely upon the interrelation between the pore size of the membranes and size of the proteins. The negatively charged EVAL membranes had a higher selective permeability than the conventional neutrally charged EVAL membranes. Therefore, a negative charge within the dialyzer might produce higher selective permeability than conventional dialyzers. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 106 3-4 1994 OK-432による悪性リンパ腫のinterferon-γ (IFN-γ)産生能に関する研究 335 347 EN Seiji Saito OK-432, a streptococcal preparatopn, is a potent inducer of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) which is known to modulate the immune response. The OK-432-induced IFN-γ production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was examined in 98 patients with malignant lymphoma, The PBMC were incubated in RPMI-1640 containing 0.1KE/ml OK-432 for 48 hours and the IFN-γ secreted in the supernatant was measured thereafter. Patients at diagnosis or those with relapsing disease showed a decreased production of IFN-γ compared with the healthy controls (P<0.001). The production at diagnosis was related to the clinical stage. The production was significantly decreased immediately after multi-drug chemotherapy. However, it recovered to the level of the healthy controls, once a patient achieved a complete response. At diagnosis, 13 of the 32 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma showed low IFN-γ production. These patients responded poorly to chemotherapy or had early relapse. The 2-year actuarial survival rate was 54% for these patients and 92% for the remainder. There was no decrease in IFN-γ production after chemotherapy in patients treated with G-CSF. These findings suggest that measurement of OK-432-induced IFN-γ production is useful for evaluating the immunological status and predicting the prognosis in patients with malignant lymphoma. They also suggest that G-CSF affects the IFN-γ production in vivo. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学理学部地球科学教室 Acta Medica Okayama 1340-7414 12 1 2005 2004年の台風による岡山県北部の暴風被害(広戸風)について 39 47 EN Fumie Kataoka Osamu Tsukamoto 10.18926/ESR/13856 In 2004, ten typhoons had landed over Japan and a lot of damages were reported due to heavy rain, storm surge and wind storms. In the north eastern part of Okayama prefecture, local high wind "Hirodo-kaze" caused severe wind damages due to typhoon passage. During Typhoon 0421, high winds were recoreded in the south foot of Mt.Nagi as typical local wind atrom, " Hirodo-kaze". While, during Typhoon 0423, severe wind damages expanded west of the typical Hirodo-kaze srea as well as a new extreme. In the present report, a lot of surface meteorological data were coollected and compared the meteorological fields among two typhoons. 　 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 105 7-8 1993 サルコイドーシス肺リンパ球の Propionibacterium acnes に対する反応性に関する研究 第2編 P. acnes に対する反応性と臨床検査との相関 665 671 EN Tsuyoshi Maeta Alveolar lymphocyte response by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) in patients with active sarcoidosis was previously reported by our group. The response of alveolar lymphocytes in 34 untreated patients with sarcoidosis was studied in correlation with clinical findings on radiographic, physiologic and bronchoalveolar lavage. There was a significant correlation between lymphocyte blastogenesis and the number of lymphocytes (p<0.05), and CD4(＋) T-cells (p<0.01) obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage. Furthermore, the response was significantly correlated with the activity of Interleukin-2 released by alveolar lymphocytes stimulated by P. acnes (p<0.05). In patients who showed abnormalities on all three clinical examinations, i. e. serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity, number of alveolar lymphocytes and 67Ga scintigraphy of the lung, the response was significantly higher than in the controls (p<0.001) or in patients with none of these abnormalities (p<0.01). These data suggest that the response of alveolar lymphocytes reflects the activity of pulmonary sarcoidosis. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 105 7-8 1993 サルコイドーシス肺リンパ球の Propionibacterium acnes に対する反応性に関する研究 第1編 P. acnes に対する反応の特異性に関する検討 657 663 EN Tsuyoshi Maeta The fact that alveolar lymphocytes in patients with active sarcoidosis are sensitized by Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) was previously reported by our group. Therefore, the responses of alveolar lymphocytes induced by Nocardia rubra and Streptococcus pyogenes were investigated and compared to those of P. acnes. The mean response rate of alveolar lymphocytes to P. acnes was significantly enhanced (1.89±1.45) in 12 untreated sarcoidosis patients compared with the response rates to Nocardia rubra (0.87±0.47) and Streptococcus pyogenes (0.64±0.30). Peripheral lymphocytes did not respond to any cell wall components of these organisms. Our findings indicate that alveolar lymphocytes in sarcoidosis are specifically sensitized by P. acnes, and suggest that P.acnes plays an important role in the induction of alveolar lymphocytes in sarcoidosis. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 106 1-2 1994 サルコイドーシス患者肺胞リンパ球のInterleukin-2 receptor α(IL-2R α) mRAの発現に関する研究 61 70 EN Hiroshi Nishizaki T-lymphocytosis was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with sarcoidosis. To clarify the mechanism of this phenomenon, interleukin-2 receptor(IL-2R) α gene expres-sion of lymphocytes recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was investigated in 8 patients with sarcoidosis and 5 healthy individuals, using reverse transcription polymerase chain reactin (RT-PCR). Cytoplasmic RNA derived from alveolar lymphocytes was reverse transcribed by RAV-2 reverse transcriptase to cDNA. The cDNA produced by reverse transcription was subjected to PCR. The primers of IL-2R α were utilized and a template derived from IL-2R mRNA was amplified by PCR. Southern blot analysis using 32P labeled cDNA probe for IL-2R α was performed followed by PCR. The intensities of IL-2R mRNA expression in Southern blot analysis were closely correlated to the cell numbers determined in RT-PCR. All patients with sarcoidosis had higher expression of IL-2R α mRNA transcript in alveolar lymphoctes compared with healty with healthy individuals. Moreover, the expression increased after stimulation by Propionibacterium acnes in 5 of 6 patents with sarcoidosis. These findings suggest that alvalar T-lymphocytes in the patients with sarcoidosis were actiated and played a central role in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 106 7-8 1994 食道囊腫の1例 751 756 EN Yasunori Ishii Fumiyuki Inoue Hidetoshi Ban Yasuaki Kamikawa Kunzo Orita Esophageal cyst is a relatively rare disease and about 91 cases have been reported in Japan. We report a new case of esophageal cyst. Tha patient was a 36-year-old male who complained of nausea and vomiting. We performed esophagography, endoscopy, endoxcopic echography, CT and MRI and found a cystic lesion in the lower esophagus. We made the diagnosis of an esophageal cyst and performed operation. The tumor was in the esophageal muscle but did not have a commissure to the esophageal lumen. We extirpated it with esophageal muscle and repaired the muscle defect with diaphragma. This tumor, 7.5×5.0cm in size, was a monolocular cyst and contained brown muddy material. Microscopic findings revealed a ciliated columnar epithelium and squamous epithelium in the cyst wall but cartilage was not found. The cyst was covered with double smooth muscle layers. It was difficult to differentiate an esophageal cyst from a paraesophageal bronchogenic cyst but these histological findings suggested that this cyst was an esophageal cyst. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 108 7-8 1996 尿路感染症治療における Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) の有用性に関する基礎的検討 203 214 EN Kazuhiro Hata The priming effects of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on neutrophil function and anti-pseudomonal activity were examined under various osmotic conditions created with urea and NaCL (280mOsm., 400mOsm., 800mOsm.) in vitro. Consequently, the prophylactic effect of G-CSF on post-operative urinary tract infection after transurethral resection of the prostate were examined experimentally. As a result, neutropil chemiluminescence was significantly enhanced by G-CSF under physiological osmotic conditions. However, enhancement was not observed under hyperosmotic conditions as in the urine. Similarly, the anti-pseudomonal activity of human neutrophils was not enhanced by G-CSF under hyperosmotic condition. However, whole blood chemiluminescence in patients after transurethral resection of the prostate was significantly enhanced by the administration of G-CSF. Moreover, postoperative urinary tract infection, considered an infection of the submucosal layer, was not obsereved, suggesting that the neutrophil priming effect occurred in the submucosal layer not in the urinary tract. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 109 7-12 1997 日本と中国における学童の肥満と生活習慣に関する比較研究 157 164 EN Zhuan Wang In 1993 and 1994, a questionnaire survey was conducted on elementary school students of fourth and fifth grades living in Shengyang city (620 children), China and in Okayama city (579 children), Japan to determine defferences in the degree of obesity and life styles between the children of the two countries. Children whose body mass index (BMI) was 22 or higher were considered obese. The percentate of obese children was 5.7 in Shengyang and 5.4 in Okayama. Multiple logistic regression analysis of dietary patterns and life styles to explain childhood obesity in both countries showed the importance of consuming large amounts of grain products, potatoes, sugar, and oily foods as factors related to chilihood obesity. Physical activity has also been shown to be negatively and significantly associated with childhood obesity. Daily intake of enetgy, carbohydrate, and fat among obese children was significantly greater than those among nonobese children. The length of time spent watching television among the Japanese children was found to contribute to childhood obesity. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 112 3-8 2000 タモキシフェン投与により高エストラジオール血症を伴う両側性卵巣腫大をきたした1例 89 93 EN Junji Matsuoka Kazushi Kojima Soichiro Nose Kazuo Hamaya A Case of hyperestradiolemia induced by Tamoxifen was reported. A 37-year old woman presented with right breast mass 3 days after delivery. The tumor, 1.2×1.0cm, was diagnosed to be cancer and quadrantectomy with axillar lymph node sampling was performed. Metastasis to the sampled lymph node (1/1) was observed. ER was negative but PgR was positive. Postoperative irradiation (50Gy) with adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of Epirubicin, CBDCA and 5FU was performed. After 2 months of Tamoxifen administration (20 mg/day), she developed vaginal bleeding and bilateral ovarian cysts with elevated serum level of estradiol (777 pg/ml). Tamoxifen for another month made the size of ovarian cysts larger and the concentration of estradiol higher (787 pg/mi). By discontinuing Tamoxifen, bilateral ovarian cysts disappeared and the level of estradiol recovered to normal in 3 months. The importance of careful observation of the hormonal environment of premenopausal breast cancer patient on Tamoxifen was discussed. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 112 9-12 2000 クリニカルパスウエイを用いた乳癌術後管理 205 209 EN Junji Matsuoka Kazushi Kojima Itsuho Oka Masakazu Kenmotsu Masafumi Kataika Tatsuo Umeoka We performed a breast conservation operation in 5 patients using a clinical pathway in 1995 and analyzed the effect on the patient's outcome. Compared to 5 patients without a clinical parthway during the same time peried, the mean hospital stay decreased from 10.8 to 4.6 days and the amount of antibiotics decreased from 9.0 to 2.0g. A satisfactory effect was pbserved on the establishment of communication between staff and the standardized care of patiens. Breast conservation operation seems to be a good candidate for the introduction of a clinical pathway. Further improvement could be obtained by reviewing the outcome of patients. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 115 3 2004 臼蓋形成不全股における関節唇形態の研究 203 210 EN Takuo Ishihama In dysplastic hips, concentration of the weight and load on the lateral peripheral limbus causes its detachment and tearing, which is an important risk factor of coxarthrosis. Arthrograms of 77 hip joins in 40 patients (all female) with dysplastic hips were used to analyze the covering of the acetabulum and limbus. The average age at the time of arthrograms was 26 years (13-48). The limbus covering angle, a supplement to the CE angle, was added to the CE angle to measure the femoral head cover. Our results demonstrated a negative correlation between the degree of acetabular dysplasia and the length of the limbus. Insufficient bony acetabulums tended to be accompanied by proportionally longer limbi. Also, the limbus was significantly longer in cases with tears, suggesting that a long and unstable limbus might be more likely to undergo tearing, thereby increasing the risk of coxarthrosis. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 116 2 2004 動脈硬化発生に関わる血管内皮細胞のナノ／マイクロメカニクス解析―岡山大学医学賞 （砂田賞） を受賞して― 97 101 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 00301558 120 2 2008 マクロファージスカベンジャー受容体（SR-A）は炎症を制御することにより糖尿病性腎症を抑制する 143 147 EN Hitomi Kataoka Kenichi Shikata Motofumi Sasaki Hirofumi Makino No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 00301558 119 2 2007 糖尿病患者における脂質管理 191 194 EN Hitomi Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2008 Study on Effects of Low-dose Irradiation on Oxidative Damage in Mice EN Takahiro Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2008 YAGレーザを用いた高硬度・高機能材料への精密微細加工に関する研究 EN Norio Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学経済学会 Acta Medica Okayama 03863069 39 4 2008 中国“走出去”戦略推進に向けての管理・奨励政策 31 58 EN Sachio Kataoka 10.18926/OER/12368 Since 1997, China has earnestly taken the basic trends of economic globalization as the object to incorporate them into its world strategy, though China didn't exactly decide the “Reform and Opening up Policy” on the perspective of the economic globalization. China considered it more useful for her economic development and raising its position in the world political economy to set China into the main stream of economic globalization as the basic trend within the world economy. Economic globalization has twin aspects with a national economy ; inflow of foreign direct investment, portfolio investment, technology, labor and services, and outflow of them. This article focuses on the latter problems experienced by China. We can find some reasons in the background of China’s strategic orientation, as follows ; China must secure its economic security for smooth economic development , whereas, a few main developed countries strengthen controls over basic resources and market share of the world within global economic competition, China has developed conditions to use comparative advantages in some sectors to set up China’s direct investment enterprises abroad, thus increasing foreign currency reserves− an important factor , incurring frequent conflicts in exports, securing foreign technology by M&A. Currently, China’s foundation of political economy in “The Age of Peace and Development”, “The Age of Economic Globalization,” lays special emphasis on “The General Security Strategy” accountable not only to her own country’s military security but also to its economic security for said economic development. The main point is to strengthen global economic relations by economic cooperation−the latter aspects of economic globalization mentioned above. This article analyzes steps for the relaxation of controls over China’s enterprise activities overseas, the relaxation of foreign exchange controls, and the encouragement for China’s enterprises going abroad to study its rapid progress of said strategy . Lastly, it refers to Hong Kong’s vanguard position in a China’s “Going Abroad.” Strategy. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学医療技術短期大学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0917-4494 5 1995 Propionibacterium acnes感作肺肉芽腫モルモットの特異抗体の測定 65 70 EN Yasunari Nakata Yoshihiro Mori Tohgo Ejiri Mikio Kataoka Jun-ichi Hiramatsu 10.18926/11917 P.acnesを皮内前感作した後、P.acnes菌体壁成分をimcomplete Freund's adjuvantと共に気管内に投与して作製した実験的肺肉芽腫症モルモットにおける抗P.acnes抗体について検討した。気管支肺胞洗浄液中抗P.acnes抗体価は気管内投与後1週目ピークを示し2週目までは上昇が認められ、4週目では気管内投与前の値に復した。この経過は肺胞内リンパ球数の変動と軌を一にしており、抗体価とリンパ球数の間には正の強い相関が認められた。血清中の抗P.acnes抗体価は1週目に低下が認められ、2週以後に徐々に回復して4週以後は元に戻った。P.acnesの気管内投与により血清中の抗体は肺へと移行し、リンパ球浸潤による胞隔炎、更には類上皮細胞肉芽腫の形成にP.acnesの関与を示すものであった。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学医療技術短期大学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0917-4494 3 1993 サルコイドーシス病態へのPropionibacterium acnesの関与 19 36 EN Yasunari Nakata Mikio Kataoka Ikuro Kimura 10.18926/11822 Although there have been numerous reports on the isolation of bacteria, fungus, and aetiological agents of chemical substances from specimens of patients with sarcoidosis, none of them have been substantiated. In any event, an understanding of the pathogenesis of pulmonary sarcoid is intimately linked to that of the processes involved in the accumulation of T-cells in the lower respiratory tract of individuals with sarcoidosis. Propionibacterium acnes was isolated at high rates and in high concetrations from lymph nodes in patients with sarcoidosis. However, the precise mechanism of granuloma formation and immunomodulation by P. acnes has not been elucidated yet. In patients with sarcoidosis, it was found that the high levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) released from alveolar lymphocytes as well as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) released from alveolar macrophages were stimulated by P. acnes. These cytokines (mainly IL-2), released by P. acnes in large quantities, play a major role in the compartmentalization of the T-cell population in the lung and lead to the formation of an alveolitis and granuloma in the lung parenchyma of patients with sarcoidosis. This paper focuses primarily on the role of the cytokine network in the pulmonary mononuclear cells in the lung of patients with sarcoidosis. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学医学部附属環境病態研究施設, 岡山大学医学部附属病院三朝分院 Acta Medica Okayama 0913-3771 61 1990 気管支肺胞洗浄液（BALF）中に高度の好中球増多の見られたアトピー型喘息の一例 129 133 EN Kazuhisa Kawauchi Takashi Mifune Hikaru Kitani Michiyasu Sudo Yoshirou Tanizaki Hisakazu Kataoka Shinya Tada Kiyoshi Takahashi Ikuro Kimura 10.18926/11670 気管支肺胞洗浄液（BALF）中に高度の好中球の増多が見られ，治療により臨床症状の軽快と共にBALF中の好中球の減少を認めたアトピー型喘息の一例を経験した。経過中5回施行したBALF中の好中球百分率はそれぞれ65.4％，56.2％，42.4％，5.6％，5.6％であり，4回目，5回目では著明な好中球減少を認めた。本症例の如き症例は今後増加することが予想され，その発症病態を含め今後さらに症例を重ねて検討して行く必要があると 考えられた。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 85 1 1996 Lactic Acid and Diacetyl Production of Nitrosoguanidine Mutants Derived from Lactobacillus casei 34143 in Soymilk 45 50 EN Taku Miyamoto Narra Srinivas Reddy Kei Kataoka Production of acid and diacetyl by nitrosoguanidine mutants of Lactobacillus casei 34143 was evaluated in soymilk. Optimum temperature for growthof the five cultures varied between 34.5 and 35.9℃. However, the temperature required for maximum production of diacetyl in soymilk in the parent culture was 32.7℃ and mutants such as N-14, N-15 and N-25 required a temperature of 29.6℃, while another mutant, L-7 required 26.4℃ for production of diacetyl. Parent and mutant cultures were deficient in citrate permease and citritase synthetic mechanisms, although lactose-utilising mutants (N-25 and S-3-1) possessed both β-galactosidase and phospho-β-galactosidase. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 87 1 1998 食品汚染細菌に対して抗菌活性を示す乳酸菌の分離とその抗菌特性 163 167 EN Taku Miyamoto Osamu Morinaka Hiroshi Matsumoto Kei Kataoka Soo Jong Mok The 124 strains of lactic acid bacteria in this study were screened for antibacterial activities against food spoilage bacteria. All lactic strains were fermented for 3-5 days in 10% reconstituted skim milk supplemented with 0.5% yeast extract and 0.5% glucose. Culture filtrates from skim milk media adjusted to pH 4.5, centrifuged at 15,000-rpm and filter-sterilized for antagonistic activities by paper disc assays, using Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fragi, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis as test organisms. One out of 124 lactic strains showed greater inhibitory activities against the 4 test organisms. The strain from lnner Mongolian cheese, designated as IMC-1, belonged to the Lactobacillus acidophilus group and was selected for further studies. This strain showed considerable inhibitory effects against other lactic strains such as Lactobacillus helveticus and Streptococcus thermophilus under conditions that reduced the effects of organic acids. The antibacterial activities against Pseudomonas fragi IFO 3458 were lost at more than ph 5.2 and remaining inhibition rate after treatments at 121℃ for 20 min was approximately 63.5%. The antibacterial substance was extracted from skim milk culture filtrates with ethanol and was passed through Sephadex G-25 columns. It was presumed to be a bacteriocin-like substance with a moleculr weight of 1,000〜3,500. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 88 1 1999 カマンベールチーズの熟成中における軟化と塩類の動態 79 85 EN Kei Kataoka Kazutaka Nukada Tamao Kimura Takefumi Yoneya Taku Miyamoto Experimental Camembert cheese softened from the surface to the center portion after 3-4 weeks of ripening.As ripening progressed,pH value rose from 4.5 to 7.8,lactic acid content decreased from 1.0% to 0.1%,ammonia content increased from 0.04g to 0.063g/100g,calcium content decreased from 0.3g to 0.048g/100g and phosphorus content decreased from 0.25g to 0.12g/100g in the center portion of cheese. The changes in these values were considered as criteria leading to softening of mold surface-ripened cheeses.Mold starter Penicillium candidum AM used the cheese manufacture possesses the abilities lactic acid,producing ammonia and lowering pH when supplemented with lactic acid and peptone Czapek Dox solution.However,normal softening was not observed by incubation of green cheese under ammonia atomsphere conditions.Also,lactic acid free cheese did not soften in spite of mold growth.It is proposed that the primary factor of softening in mold surface-ripened cheese is a rise of casein solubility caused by lowering of calcium crosslinking due to a decrease of calcium level in the cheese texture.The results suggested that the lactic acid metabolism and pH rise play a main part in inducement,and that insolble calcium phosphate accumulates in the cheese surface. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 89 1 2000 食肉より分離した乳酸球菌が生産するバクテリオシンの抗菌特性 39 44 EN Shigeto Okabe Jong-Soo Mok Tomomitsu Sewaki Kei Kataoka Masatoshi Izumimoto Taku Miyamoto To control the growth of foodborne spoilage bacteria in fermentes meat produncts, 732 strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from commercial meats, and their inhibitory activities were investigated by paper disc assay using Staphylococcus aureus IAM 1011 and Listeria monocytogenes VTU 206 as indicator starins. Four starins produced antibacterial substances and one of them showed greater activity against two indicator strains. It was identified as Enterococcus faecium, and it was designed as strain C210. Antibacterial activity was high between the late-logarithmic growth phase and early-stationary growth phase in broth media. Activity in the antibacterial substance was not detectable after treatments with proteolysis enzymes such as pepsin, carboxypeptidase, aminopeptidase, pronase E and proteinase K. The bacteiocin was heat-stable and showed greater antibacterial activity at low pH. The substance showed antibacterial activity against 5 species of lactic acid bacteria in addition to Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, although it was not active against Gram-negative bacteria. It exhibited bacteriostatic action at pH 4.5, and bactericidal action at pH 6.5 against Listeira monocytogenes as an indicator strain. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2006 Mutations in field name="type" I Collagen genes in Japanese OI (osteogenesis imperfecta) patients EN Kyoko Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2006 難溶解性薬物の経口吸収性評価のための新しいin vitroシステムの構築とその有用性に関する研究 EN Makoto Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2006 新規免疫調節薬FTY720の同種移植および実験的自己免疫性脳脊髄炎に対する薬理作用に関する研究 EN Hirotoshi Kataoka No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 1991 大気境界層における気象観測への音波探査装置の適用に関する研究 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 1991 脾臓および末梢血単核細胞より誘導したヒト Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) 細胞におけるパーフｫリンの発現に関する研究 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 1981 ブレオマイシンによるクロマチンDNA鎖切断の定量的研究 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2002 Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan at the Basal Lamina Beneath High Endothelial Cells in Human Palatine Tonsils: A Light and Electron Microscopic Study Using the Cationic Colloidal Iron Method EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 1980 粒乳汁のTriglyceride構造と乳児の脂肪利用に関する研究(中性脂肪β位パルミチン酸含量の異なる高脂肪組成乳汁で哺育された低出生体重児の脂質代謝) EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 1995 Decreased Expression of DCC mRNA in Gastric and Colorectal Cancer EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 2001 The role of NO and renin-angiotensin system in development of hypertension in salt-restricted Dahl rats EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 1981 Human Placental Lactogen in Blood and Blood Stains for the Identification of Pregnancy. EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Acta Medica Okayama 1982 ヒト末梢血単球の走性に関する研究 第1編 単球走性測定法の検討 第2編 肺癌患者の単球走性 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 83 1 1994 Antibacterial Eftects of Spices on Fermented Meat 9 15 EN Purnama Darmadji Masatoshi Izumimoto Kei Kataoka Garlic and coriander were examined to determine their antibacterial and promotional activity against various bacteria. By paper disc diffusion, was admitted some inhibition of spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. Garlic revealed its antibacterial activity against in order of Staphylococcus aureus. Bacillus subtilis. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fragi. While coriander demonstrated an antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis. Sta-phylococcus aureus. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fragi in orderly. Neither spice showed any inhibitory effect against Lactobacillus plantarum and ediococcus pentosaceus. In liquid medium, they promoted the growth of both Lactic acid bacteria cultures, but there was inhibition of the growth of some spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. In beef patties, the addition of both spices resulted in the inhibition of some spoilage bacteria, however, there was activation of the growth of Lactic acid bacteria. The results indicate that the use of garlic and coriander in fermented meat could encourage an optimal fermentation process and depress the presence of spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 80 1 1992 細胞接合によるラクトース非発酵性Lactobacillus caseiの代謝機能改造の試み 139 146 EN Taku Miyamoto Hidetoshi Morita Kohshi Nishioka Kei Kataoka ラクトース非発酵性Lactobacillus caseiはラクトース発酵能を欠くために,牛乳培地では酸生成がみられず,乳業用乳酸菌として応用する場合,ラタトース発酵性をこの菌株に付与する必要がある.そこで,Lactobacillus casei subsp. caseiのラクトース非発酵性(Lac-株である.34143S(ストレプトマイシン耐性,Strr)および34143P(ペニシリン耐性,Penr)株を分離し,それらを受容菌として液体培地中や寒天培地上での接合法によって,Lac+交配菌の作出を検討した.その結果,受容菌と供与菌Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus7235との交配で得られたLac+StrrやLac+Penrの交配菌,Lactobacillus rhamnosus IFO3245とのLac+StrrやLac+Penr株およびStreptococcus salivarius subsp. Thermophilus 18235とのLac+Penr株を3回の繰り返し試験で再現性高く得ることができた.それらの接合頻度は,供与菌当たり,1.1×10-5から1.6×10-2の範囲であり,比較的高い頻度でLac+交配菌の得られる組合せもあった. 得られた交配菌はほとんどが脱脂乳を凝固し,ラクトース発酵性は安定であった.また交配菌の糖類発酵性やその他の性状試験から,受容菌と供与菌にない性質を発現した交配菌や受容菌のもつ性質の一部を欠落した交配菌もあった.しかし形態はいずれも受容菌と同一であった.これらのラクトース発酵性交配菌の出現は,自然突然変異,形質導入および形質転換によるものではなく,受容菌と供与菌の細胞接合によりラクトース発酵性が発現したものと考えられた.またこのラクトース発酵性の発現は,プラスミドの伝達によるものではないと思われた.しかし詳細については今後さらに検討する必要がある。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 16 1994 渋ガキ果実における樹上脱渋の時期について 1 4 EN 渋ガキの'平核無'と'愛宕'を供試し,樹上でのエタノールの処理時期と脱渋の程度やヘタの障害発生などとの関係を調査した。'平核無'の場合,9月中の処理では着色が優れ,脱渋も完全であったが,一方落果率が高く,ヘタに障害が発生し,また果肉に多数の褐斑が生じた。10月中旬の処理では落果やヘタの障害には問題がなかったが,脱渋の不完全な果実があった。果実重には処理時期による差はなかった。これらのことから,'平核無'果実の樹上での脱渋時期としては10月上旬が適当と思われた。なお,'愛宕'果実では,いずれの時期とも樹上での脱渋は全く不可能であった。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 55 1 1980 加糖酸乳飲料におけるショ糖とタンパク質の酸分解について 15 23 EN Taku Miyamoto Kei Kataoka Toshitaka Nakae 加糖酸乳飲料の長期間保存中におこる褐色化や味覚の変化は,ショ糖の酸分解による転化糖に起因するものと考え,加糖酸乳飲料に類似した各種の条件下でショ糖の酸分解を経時的に観察し,併せてタンパク質の酸分解についても検討を加えた. その結果,次のような結論を得た. 1)モデル系によるショ糖とカゼインの酸分解は,温度の高いほど,また加熱時間や保存時間が長いほど速く進行するる. 温度が一定のときには酸度が高いものほど酸分解が起こりやすい. ショ糖濃度は高いものほど,またカゼイン濃度は低いものほど酸分解が起こりやすい. 2)実際の製品の場合,乳タンパク質の有する緩衝作用のためにモデル系と同じ条件でもそのpHがモデル系よりもやや高く,それだけ酸分解が起こりにくい. 3)製品の品質維持,すなわち褐色化や味覚の変化を防止するためには製造段階において転化糖の含量が多い不純なショ糖を使用したり,グルコースを併用したりせず,良質のショ糖を使用するのが望ましい. また殺菌時間を最小にして殺菌後すみやかに冷却し,保存時は冷蔵することが必要と思われる。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 9 1986 ピオーネの品質改善に関する研究 12 14 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 9 1986 巨峰の着色改善に関する研究(第1報) 8 11 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 8 1985 西南暖地におけるリンゴ栽培に関する研究 (第5報)4年生樹における側枝形成の促進 17 19 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 8 1985 西南暖地におけるリンゴ栽培に関する研究 (第4報)有袋栽培と無袋栽培の比較 13 16 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 52 1 1978 岡山県の原料乳の乳質について 細菌数検査の部 61 67 EN Toshitaka Nakae Kei Kataoka Taku Miyamoto Katsushi Segawa 前報の岡山県で生産された原料乳の成分的乳質の調査に引きつづき,今回はその細菌学的乳質を調査した. その結果次のような結論を得た. 1)原料乳の細菌学的乳質は,夏季の乳温の上昇とともに低下した. また乳温は細菌数のみならず細菌叢にも影響するものと思われる. 2)細菌数の地域的な差違はほとんど認められなかった. 3)総菌数,生菌数,低温細菌数および耐熱性細菌数の平均値はそれぞれ4.7×106/ml,1.1×106/ml,5.6×104/mlおよび2.7×104/mlであった. 4)63℃,30分,85℃,20分および100℃,10分の加熱処理乳より耐熱性細菌を分離し,その分離菌株の耐熱性を再試験した. それらの分離菌株の中には63℃,30分あるいは85℃,20分の加熱処理に生存するものがあった。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 7 1984 西南暖地におけるリンゴ栽培に関する研究 第3報 初成り果実の袋掛けと品質 24 26 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 7 1984 ブドウ, '巨峰'の着色と収量の関係 21 23 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 7 1984 ブドウ,'キャンベル･アーリー'における品質向上と栽培の省力化に関する研究 第8報 トンネル被覆の果実品質に及ぼす影響 19 20 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 7 1984 ブドウ,'キャンベル･アーリー'における品質向上と栽培の省力化に関する研究 第7報 台木品種の違いと生育及び収量 11 18 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 51 1 1978 岡山県の原料乳の乳質について 化学的組成の部 57 62 EN Toshitaka Nakae Kei Kataoka Taku Miyamoto Akitaka Kondo 1976年4月より1977年2月までの各月に,岡山県内10地区の原料乳,合計110個の試料を採取し,その化学的組成を調査した. その結果次のような結論を得た. 1)季節的にみると,脂肪は春と夏季が低く,秋と冬季が高い. 乳糖は一般に秋季に低い値であった. 蛋白質および無脂乳固形分は8月に最低値を示す. また無脂乳固形分においては8%未満のものが季節により若干みられた. 2)地域的にみると,特定地区の乳質が他地区に比較して全般的に劣るものがみられた. 3)成分的にみると,PHは6.70〜6.90,酸度は0.13〜0.15%,比重は1.0301〜1.0338,脂肪は3.25〜3.70%,蛋白質は2.95〜3.35%,乳糖は4.20〜4.45%,灰分は0.68〜0.73%そして無脂乳固形分は8.15〜8.75%の範固にあるものが多い. なおpH,酸度,比重,蛋白質,乳糖,灰分および無脂乳固形分の平均値はそれぞれ6.80,0.14%,1.0313,3.39%,3.13%,4.28%,0.68%および8.29%であった. 4)全般的にみると,全国平均と比較して脂肪はほぼ等しく,無脂乳固形分は若干高く,岡山県の原料乳の乳質は全国的にみて標準ないしはそれ以上のものと思われる。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 5 1983 西南暖地におけるリンゴ栽培に関する研究 第2報 2年生樹における側枝発生の促進 17 21 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 5 1983 ブドウ,'キャンベル･アーリー'における品質向上と栽培の省力化に関する研究 第6報 平棚･短梢剪定樹における整枝･剪定方法の改良 13 16 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 5 1983 ブドウ,'キャンベル･アーリー'における品質向上と栽培の省力化に関する研究 第5報 トンネル被覆の取除き時期が果実の成熟に及ぼす影響 9 12 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 4 1982 西南暖地におけるリンゴ栽培に関する研究 (第1報) わい性台リンゴ苗木のフェザー発生に及ぼすBA剤の影響 36 42 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 4 1982 カキ,`平核無'果実の脱法に関する小試験 27 35 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 4 1982 ブドウ,"キャンベル･アーリー"における品質向上と栽培の省力化に関する研究 第4報 簡易ビニール被覆が新梢の初期生長及び果実の成熟に及ぼす影響 24 26 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 4 1982 マスカットブドウ温室における未利用エネルギーの開発(予報) 16 23 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 4 1982 果実発育中･後期の摘･整房がブドウの外観的品質に及ぼす影響 11 15 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 3 1980 マスカット栽培における2,3の技術改善と生育反応 17 22 EN 本農場のマスカット栽培においては経営的判断から8月上,中旬の出荷を目標に加温栽培した。加温栽堵に当たっては1月中旬加温した。ビニール内張りによる省エネ効果が大であるので自動カーテンの設置が望まれる。その際,除湿方法を検討する必要がある。新梢本数は主枝の片側15cmごとに1本,葉面積指数2.5〜3.0程度に増しても良かろう。根の活力増大が望まれ,有機資材の投入により土壌の理化学性の改善が必要である。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 3 1980 ブドウ,'キャンベル･アーリー'における品質向上と栽培の省力化に関する研究 第III報 成熟促進に及ぼす発芽促進剤の塗布,ビニール被覆及びGA散布の影響 10 16 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 48 1 1976 モンゴルの乳および乳製品の化学的性状について 63 67 EN Toshitaka Nakae Kei Kataoka Taku Miyamoto モンゴルよりもち帰ることのできた乳汁試料2点,バター1点およびチーズ様製品5点について一般組成,窒素化合物および脂質構成脂肪酸組成を分析し,わが国における市販の乳製品の分析結果と比較検討した. 馬乳の一般組成は牛乳に比べ蛋白質含量が低く乳糖含量が高い. またモンゴル牛の乳汁組成はホルスタイン乳よりも全固形分含量が高い値であった. 一方チーズ様製品の一般組成は水分含量10.03〜16.94%,蛋白質含量13.50〜44.25%,脂肪含量12.62〜54.94%であり種類によりかなりの変動がみられた. また市販のナチュラルチーズの分析結果とかなりの相違がみられたが,これは原料乳と製造方法が異なるためと考えられる. モンゴルチーズの全窒素含量は21.16〜69.36mg/g,水溶性窒素含量は1.27〜9.49mg/gであり,熟成指数は3.0〜15.5の範囲にあった. これらは市販のゴーダチーズに比べ一般にかなり低い値であった. 一方脂質構成脂肪酸については,牛乳と馬乳で構成脂肪酸の種類に相違がみられ,馬乳脂質の脂肪酸組成は牛乳脂質のそれに比較してC4:0とC6:0酸が存在せず,C18:0酸含量が低く,C18:1,C18:2およびC18:3酸の不飽和脂肪酸含量が高い特徴を示した. またバターおよびチーズ様製品の脂質構成脂肪酸組成は牛乳脂質の脂肪酸組成と本質的なちがいはみられなかった。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 2 1979 ブドウ、'キャンベル･アーリー'の品質向上と栽培の省力化に関する研究 第II報 GA散布と整房の併用による摘粒省力化と収穫果の形態的品質 22 24 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 2 1979 ブドウ、'キャンベル･アーリー'の品質向上と栽培の省力化に関する研究 第1報 花穂の切り込み及びGA散布による摘粒省力化 17 21 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部附属農場 Acta Medica Okayama 0910-8742 1 1978 マスカット・オブ・アレキサンドリアの主枝上の潜芽に対する萌芽促進処理 7 9 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 41 1 1973 和牛の若令去勢牛の肥育に対するDiethylstilbestrolおよびTestosterone併用の効果ならびに血中エストロゼンの量 33 38 EN Hiroshi Wada Masataka Yuhara Akira Kataoka Shoji Sada Takeshi Inokake Yoshio Ogura 和牛の肥育に対するdiethylstilbestrol(DES)とtestosteroneの組合せの結果を研究した. このホルモンの組合せとしてRapigainを用いた,Rapigainは1ドーズ中にDES 24mgおよびtestostererone120mgを含むところの肥育剤である. 3頭の牛にRapigain 1ドーズずつを70日間隔で3回耳根部皮下に注入し,最後の注入後70日でと殺した. 別の3頭を対照区とした. Rapigainを注射した区の牛の増体は210日にわたる肥育期間中,対照医の牛のそれよりも優れていた. 1回の注射の効果は初めの20日間が最大で,その後は漸減し,40日過ぎまで続いた. 尾根部の挙上や乳頭の肥大などの副作用は起らなかった. 卵剔マウスの膣内注入による膣垢反応によりRapigain処理50〜70日後の牛の血清中のestrogenの検定を行なったがestrogenの残留は検知されなかった。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 39 1 1972 卵白リゾチーム添加牛乳における細菌の抑制について 41 46 EN Kei Kataoka Toshitaka Nakae 牛乳の代表的な高,中および低温菌とみられるB.subtilis,S.lactisおよびグラム陰性の低温性桿菌の3菌株を供試し,脱脂乳中における卵白リゾチームの抑制効果を検討した. B.subtilisは45℃,S.lactisは35℃で24時間培養後,それぞれリゾチーム濃度0.025％および0.05％以上で抑制効果が認められた. そしてリゾチーム濃度（0〜0.1％）の高いほどその効果は大きかったが,培養の経過に伴なって抑制効果は減退した. 低温菌は25℃に培養した場合,リゾチーム濃度0.1％でもまったく抑制効果は認められなかった. また自然汚染状態の生乳について別に行なった実験においても,抑制効果が認められなかった。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 38 1 1971 醗酵乳用原料乳から分離した耐熱性細菌の性状について 59 64 EN Toshitaka Nakae Kei Kataoka Hideo Hanada 醗酵乳用原料生乳および一部の市販牛乳,計50点から63℃,30分加熱で生存する菌株74株を分離し,その一般性状とタンパク質および脂肪分解性を検索した. その結果から同定した菌群はすべてBacillus属であり,B.cereus,B.subtilis,B.pumilusの順に多く検出された. これらの菌株は,タンパク分解力が大であったが,脂肪分解力は全般的に低かった. 代表的分離菌株のうち,63℃,30分または85℃,20分加熱処理における耐熱性のとくに高い菌株はB.megaterium,B.subtilis,B.cereus等に属する数株であったが,100℃,10分加熱ではその発育細胞の耐熱性は認められなかった. 加糖酸乳飲料に実際に接種して38℃,6日間培養した結果では,38℃,24時間培養菌液の接種において,一部の例にわずかな異常が認められたが,市販条件の同種の製品では異常が起らないものと結論された。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 33 1 1969 テトラ乳清比重法による牛乳の加水試験の検討 51 55 EN Kei Kataoka Kenzo Kawase Toshitaka Nakae The Tetra-serum hydrometric method as the official routine test for detecting added water in milk was evaluated with special reference to its accuracy and detailed procedure. In experiments with raw milk samples collected in the southern region of Okayama prefecture, it has been shown that the faultiness of turbid serum occurred frequently in the case of the official method is due to an insufficient concentration of acetic acid for preparing milk serum. This fault was improved not by the technical modification for separating milk serum, but by the use of 35% acetic acid instead of 20% in the official method. From 41 samples of normal milk serum prepared by the modified method, the average value and standard deviation of the specific gravity were calculated. The value is 1.0304 ±0.00132. Regression equation of the specific gravity of milk serum on added water ratio was obtained from the experiment of adding water to authenticated milk samples. It was concluded that milk serum samples having specific gravity not over 1.0260 may possibly contain more than 10 per cent of added water. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 32 1 1968 レサズリン還元試験紙による原料乳の汚染度判定法の検討 43 47 EN Toshitaka Nakae Kei Kataoka A new reduction method for determining the sanitary quality of raw milk, which in called the resazurin test paper method; was evaluated comparing with the conventioal resazurin test tube method. The experimental results of the standard plate count method and two types of the resazurin reduction test using sixty samples of raw milk showed a high correlation between standard plate counts and grade number of resazurin test paper. The regression formula was obtained to estimate the standard plate counts from the grade number of resazurin paper. It may be concluded that the resazurin test paper method is very convenient and as good as the conventional test tube method. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 13 1 1959 岡山県の原料乳について 乳固形分算定式の検討 63 67 EN Tsuneaki Imamura Kei Kataoka Keiichi Kano Kiyoshi Suzuki Statistical investigations of various milk-solids calculating formulas had been performed with 228 samples of Holstein's milk during June in 1956 to Dec. in 1958. The specific gravities and fat contents of them lowered slightly in summar, but their SNF contents decreased remarkedly in the season. Then, significant difference was also observed in summar between the calculated and determined milk-solids contents. This fact was resulted from the lowering of SNF content, so the use of correcting factor was neccessary to obtained better results. Similar results were observed in October's samples. There were no significant differences in the chemical components of milks colected from the older, pre-war, experienced farmers and unaccustomed new ones. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 12 1 1958 岡山県の原料乳について 細菌数の部 37 41 EN Tsuneaki Imamura Kei Kataoka Kiyoshi Suzuki Hiroshi Nagao Bacterial investigation has been performed as the previous report. Coli form bacteria was determined by positive Presumptive test with desoxycholate agar. Total bacterial count was represented with individual count (IMC) and clump count (CMC) by direct microscopic method. The ratio of IMC/CMC was calculated to obtained some knowledges of bacterial growth. As the results, it was ascertained that the bacterial count of these samples and the contamination of coli form bacteria were remarkedly. Milk temperature was almost equal to the atmospheric temperature. From this, we concluded that the cooling of milk, especially at farmers, was important to improve the bacteriological quality of milk at this area. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 12 1 1958 岡山県の原料乳について 化学的組成の部 29 35 EN Tsuneaki Imamura Kei Kataoka Kiyoshi Suzuki Hiroshi Nagao Chemical investigation of milk which had been consumed in Okayama prefacture from Agust in 1956 to June 1957 has been done. About 170 samples were collected at 10 regions (A-J in Fig. 1), and pH, titratable acidity, fat content by Gerber method, protein content by Kjedahl method, lactose content by Lane-Eynone method and milk solid of them were determined. Results obtained are summarised as follows; 1) The great part of samples were within the range of 3.20〜3.70% of fat, 2.60〜3.30% of protein, 4.10〜4.40% of lactose, and 0.13〜0.16% of acidity, respectively. On the average of them, the fat content was higher than that of whole land and the lactose content was slightly lower. 2) In summer, the decrease of protein content was remarkedly but the fat content was even in all seasons. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.