start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=161
end-page=167
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20231128
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Evaluation of Effectiveness of MAC Systems Based on LSM for Protecting IoT Devices
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Numerous active attacks targeting Internet of Things (IoT) devices exist. They exploit the latest vulnerabilities discovered in IoT devices. Therefore, Mandatory Access Control (MAC) systems based on Linux Security Modules (LSM), such as SELinux and AppArmor, are effective security features for IoT devices because they can mitigate the impact of attacks even if software vulnerabilities are discovered. However, they are not adopted by most IoT devices. The existing approaches are insufficient for investigating the causes of this problem.In this study, we comprehensively investigated what factors can affect the applicability of MAC systems based on LSM in IoT devices. We focused on how frequently cases can occur where they cannot be adopted, owing to each factor. To increase the comprehensiveness of the factors affecting the adoption of MAC systems in IoT devices, we investigated the kernel version, CPU architecture, and support for BusyBox in addition to the investigation of resources, which conducted in previous studies. We also conducted simulated experiments based on the attack method of Mirai to investigate whether MAC systems can protect against IoT malware. Finally, we discuss the impact of a combination of these factors on MAC system adoption.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MikiMasato
en-aut-sei=Miki
en-aut-mei=Masato
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamauchiToshihiro
en-aut-sei=Yamauchi
en-aut-mei=Toshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KobayashiSatoru
en-aut-sei=Kobayashi
en-aut-mei=Satoru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Mandatory Access Control System
kn-keyword=Mandatory Access Control System
en-keyword=IoT Security
kn-keyword=IoT Security
en-keyword=Linux Security Modules
kn-keyword=Linux Security Modules
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=79
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=93
end-page=100
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=202504
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Lower Work Engagement Is Associated with Insomnia, Psychological Distress, and Neck Pain among Junior and Senior High School Teachers in Japan
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=School teachers are subject to both physical and mental health problems. We examined cross-sectional relationships between work engagement and major health outcomes among junior and senior high school teachers in Japan via a nationwide survey in 2019-2020. A total of 3,160 respondents were included in the analyses (19.9% response rate). Work engagement was assessed with the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 (UWES-9), and we thus divided the teachers into quartiles according to their UWES-9 scores. Based on validated questionnaires, we assessed insomnia, psychological distress, and neck pain as health outcomes. A binomial logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, school type, teacher’s roles, involvement in club activities, division of duties, employment status, and whether they lived with family demonstrated that the teachers with lower UWES-9 scores had higher burdens of insomnia, psychological distress, and neck pain (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals] in 4th vs. 1st quartile, 2.92 (2.34-3.65), 3.70 (2.81-4.88), and 2.12 (1.68-2.68), respectively; all trend p<0.001). There were no significant differences in these associations between full-time and part-time teachers. Our findings indicate that low work engagement may contribute to physical and mental health issues among junior and senior high school teachers, thus providing insights for preventing health problems in this profession.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TsuchieRina
en-aut-sei=Tsuchie
en-aut-mei=Rina
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FukudaMari
en-aut-sei=Fukuda
en-aut-mei=Mari
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsumuraHideki
en-aut-sei=Tsumura
en-aut-mei=Hideki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KinutaMinako
en-aut-sei=Kinuta
en-aut-mei=Minako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HisamatsuTakashi
en-aut-sei=Hisamatsu
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KandaHideyuki
en-aut-sei=Kanda
en-aut-mei=Hideyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=work engagement
kn-keyword=work engagement
en-keyword=school teachers
kn-keyword=school teachers
en-keyword=insomnia
kn-keyword=insomnia
en-keyword=psychological distress
kn-keyword=psychological distress
en-keyword=neck pain
kn-keyword=neck pain
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=100016
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=202507
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Changes in adrenoceptor expression level contribute to the cellular plasticity of glioblastoma cells
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Glioblastoma cells are known to regulate their cellular plasticity in response to their surrounding microenvironment, but it is not fully understood what factors contribute to the cells' changing plasticity. Here, we found that glioblastoma cells alter the expression level of adrenoreceptors depending on their differentiation stage. Catecholamines are abundant in the central nervous system, and we found that noradrenaline, in particular, enhances the stemness of glioblastoma cells and promotes the dedifferentiation potential of already differentiated glioblastoma cells. Antagonist and RNAi experiments revealed that signaling through alpha 1D-adrenoreceptor is important for noradrenaline action on glioblastoma cells. We also found that high alpha 1Dadrenoreceptor expression was associated with poor prognosis in patients with gliomas. These data suggest that glioblastoma cells increase the expression level of their own adrenoreceptors to alter the surrounding tumor microenvironment favorably for survival. We believe that our findings will contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for glioblastoma.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=AsakaYutaro
en-aut-sei=Asaka
en-aut-mei=Yutaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MasumotoToshio
en-aut-sei=Masumoto
en-aut-mei=Toshio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UnedaAtsuhito
en-aut-sei=Uneda
en-aut-mei=Atsuhito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ChinVanessa D.
en-aut-sei=Chin
en-aut-mei=Vanessa D.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OtaniYusuke
en-aut-sei=Otani
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=PenaTirso
en-aut-sei=Pena
en-aut-mei=Tirso
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatayamaHaruyoshi
en-aut-sei=Katayama
en-aut-mei=Haruyoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ItanoTakuto
en-aut-sei=Itano
en-aut-mei=Takuto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AndoTeruhiko
en-aut-sei=Ando
en-aut-mei=Teruhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HuangRongsheng
en-aut-sei=Huang
en-aut-mei=Rongsheng
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujimuraAtsushi
en-aut-sei=Fujimura
en-aut-mei=Atsushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Cellular Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Division of Health Administration and Promotion, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=UMass Chan Medical School, UMass Memorial Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Cellular Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Adrenoceptors
kn-keyword=Adrenoceptors
en-keyword=Glioma stem-like cells
kn-keyword=Glioma stem-like cells
en-keyword=Differentiated glioma cells
kn-keyword=Differentiated glioma cells
en-keyword=Noradrenaline
kn-keyword=Noradrenaline
en-keyword=Cellular plasticity
kn-keyword=Cellular plasticity
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=67
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=133
end-page=147
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=202501
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Tsetlin library on p-colored permutations and q-analogue
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=K. Brown [1] studied the random to top shuffle (the Tsetlin libary) by semigroup method. In this paper, (i) we extend his results to the colored permutation groups, and (ii) we consider a q-analogue of Tsetlin library which is different from what is studied in [1]. In (i), the results also extends those results for the top to random shuffle [4],[5], [6] to arbitrary distribution of choosing cards, but we still have derangement numbers in the multiplicity of each eigenvalues. In (ii), a version of q-analogue of derangement numbers by Chen-Rota [3] appears in the multiplicity of eigenvalues.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakagawaYuto
en-aut-sei=Nakagawa
en-aut-mei=Yuto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakanoFumihiko
en-aut-sei=Nakano
en-aut-mei=Fumihiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Mathematical Institute, Tohoku University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Mathematical Institute, Tohoku University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Tsetlin library
kn-keyword=Tsetlin library
en-keyword=Left Regular Band
kn-keyword=Left Regular Band
en-keyword=colored permutation group
kn-keyword=colored permutation group
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=59
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=25
end-page=44
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250328
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Study on the Relationship between Kazuo Inamori's Philosophy, the Teachings of Nanshu Saigo, and the Iroha Poem by Prince Jisshin
kn-title=稲盛和夫のフィロソフィーと西郷南洲翁遺訓及び日新公いろは歌の連関についての考察
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=Kazuo Inamori is a rare business leader who founded DDI, the predecessor of Kyocera and KDDI, in one generation, and grew it into a trillion-yen company. He also rebuilt the bankrupt Japan Airlines (JAL) in three years and led it to relisting. He has not only led tens of thousands of people with his unique management method called amoeba management, but also with management principles. What are the roots of the way of life that a manager of a small and medium-sized business has derived from management? What is the Goju education that is the foundation of Satsuma, where he was born and raised? From the perspective of business management, it is interesting to know what it is like.<br>
How is it related to Saigo Nanshu Ikun, the record of the words and deeds of Saigo Takamori, a local hero whom Kazuo Inamori met after founding Kyocera and used as the basis of his own management philosophy, and Shimazu Nisshin Iroha Uta, left by Shimazu Tadayoshi (Nissin), the father of Shimazu Takahisa, the 15th lord of the Shimazu clan who unified southern Kyushu, including Satsuma and Hyuga, in the 16th century? First of all, I am interested in the relationship between the ideas of the three men born in Satsuma. In this study, we used the grounded theory approach, a qualitative research method, to analyze the correlation between Kazuo Inamori's philosophy, the teachings of Nanshu Saigo, and the Nisshin Iroha Uta. As a result, the analysis revealed that the three concepts are related across 400 years of time. In particular, Kazuo Inamori's philosophy is not only positively influenced by the teachings of Nanshu Saigo, which are the words and deeds of Takamori Saigo, whom Kazuo Inamori admires, but also by the Nisshin Iroha Uta, which dates back 400 years, due to his education in Satsuma. It is believed that the ideals that the people of Satsuma have inherited for 400 years contain concepts that should be the foundation for people's lives, or that should be important core ideas and qualities in life, regardless of the era.
kn-abstract=　一代で京セラやKDDIの前身となる第二電電（DDI）を創業し、合計数兆円企業に育て、倒産した日本航空（JAL）を3年で再建し、再上場に導いた稀代の経営者稲盛和夫は、アメーバ経営という独自の経営手法だけでなく、理念経営により数万人を導いてきた。中小企業の一経営者が経営の中から導き出した人生成功の処世術のルーツは何処にあるのか。生まれ育った薩摩の基礎となる郷中（ごじゅう）教育とは何か、などについて経営学の観点から関心が湧く。<br>
　稲盛和夫が京セラ創業以降に出会い、自ら経営理念の基礎とした地元の偉人である西郷隆盛の言行録である西郷南洲翁遺訓及び16世紀に薩摩や日向など南九州を統一した島津家第15代領主島津貴久公の実父島津忠良（日新）が残した、島津日新公いろは歌とどのように連関があるのか。そもそも薩摩生まれの3名の思想にどのような連関があるのか、についても関心が湧く。この研究では、質的研究法であるグラウンデッド・セオリー・アプローチを援用して、稲盛和夫のフィロソフィーと西郷南洲翁遺訓及び日新公いろは歌の連関について分析した。結果的に3つの概念は400年の時代を超えて、連関していることが分析により明らかになった。特に稲盛和夫のフィロソフィーが稲盛和夫が敬愛する西郷隆盛の言行録である西郷南洲翁遺訓に正の影響を受けているだけでなく、薩摩での教育を背景に、400年前に遡る日新公いろは歌からも正の影響を受けていることが明らかになった。400年に渡り薩摩の人々が受け継いできた理念には、時代を超えても人が生きていく中で基礎とすべき、もしくは人生で重要なコアな思想・資質とすべき概念があると考えられる。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MACHIDAHisashi
en-aut-sei=MACHIDA
en-aut-mei=Hisashi
kn-aut-name=町田尚史
kn-aut-sei=町田
kn-aut-mei=尚史
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学教育推進機構
en-keyword=稲盛和夫 (Kazuo Inamori)
kn-keyword=稲盛和夫 (Kazuo Inamori)
en-keyword=フィロソフィー (philosophy)
kn-keyword=フィロソフィー (philosophy)
en-keyword=西郷隆盛 (Takamori Saigo)
kn-keyword=西郷隆盛 (Takamori Saigo)
en-keyword=西郷南洲翁遺訓 (the teachings of Nanshu Saigo)
kn-keyword=西郷南洲翁遺訓 (the teachings of Nanshu Saigo)
en-keyword=島津忠良（日新） (Tadayoshi Shimazu (Nissin))
kn-keyword=島津忠良（日新） (Tadayoshi Shimazu (Nissin))
en-keyword=日新公いろは歌 (Nisshin Iroha Uta)
kn-keyword=日新公いろは歌 (Nisshin Iroha Uta)
en-keyword=グラウンデッド・セオリー・アプローチ (grounded theory approach)
kn-keyword=グラウンデッド・セオリー・アプローチ (grounded theory approach)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=19
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1551700
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250305
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Acetoacetate, a ketone body, attenuates neuronal bursts in acutely-induced epileptiform slices of the mouse hippocampus
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The ketogenic diet increases ketone bodies (beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate) in the brain, and ameliorates epileptic seizures in vivo. However, ketone bodies exert weak or no effects on electrical activity in rodent hippocampal slices. Especially, it remains unclear what kinds of conditions are required to strengthen the actions of ketone bodies in hippocampal slices. In the present study, we examined the effects of acetoacetate on hippocampal pyramidal cells in normal slices and epileptiform slices of mice. By using patch-clamp recordings from CA1 pyramidal cells, we first confirmed that acetoacetate did not change the membrane potentials and intrinsic properties of pyramidal cells in normal slices. However, we found that acetoacetate weakened spontaneous epileptiform bursts in pyramidal cells of epileptiform slices, which were acutely induced by applying convulsants to normal slices. Interestingly, acetoacetate did not change the frequency of the epileptiform bursts, but attenuated individual epileptiform bursts. We finally examined the effects of acetoacetate on excitatory synaptic barrages during epileptiform activity, and found that acetoacetate weakened epileptiform bursts by reducing synchronous synaptic inputs. These results show that acetoacetate attenuated neuronal bursts in epileptiform slices, but did not affect neuronal activity in normal slices, which leads to seizure-selective actions of ketone bodies.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WenHao
en-aut-sei=Wen
en-aut-mei=Hao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SadaNagisa
en-aut-sei=Sada
en-aut-mei=Nagisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=InoueTsuyoshi
en-aut-sei=Inoue
en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=epilepsy
kn-keyword=epilepsy
en-keyword=ketone body
kn-keyword=ketone body
en-keyword=ketogenic diet
kn-keyword=ketogenic diet
en-keyword=hippocampus
kn-keyword=hippocampus
en-keyword=slice physiology
kn-keyword=slice physiology
en-keyword=patch-clamp recording
kn-keyword=patch-clamp recording
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=133
end-page=145
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250328
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Image of Mushroom Created by Junior High School Science Textbooks: Suggestions for Learning about Mushroom from Diachronic Surveys
kn-title=中学校理科教科書がつくり上げてきたきのこ像　―通時的調査から得るきのこを巡る学習への示唆―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=　In this paper, we examined the image of mushroom in postwar junior high school science textbooks from four perspectives: (1) which species of mushroom were covered, (2) whether they were classified as plants or not, (3) what makes up the body of a mushroom, and (4) how they functioned in an ecosystem. The 47 species were identified through a periodic survey. Although a total of 47 species have appeared in science textbooks, we pointed out that in recent years, the focus has shifted to the role of mushroom as decomposers, rather than to species awareness. We also pointed out that although mycorrhizal fungi have been discussed in textbooks, there was no reference to the perspective in a plant-fungal symbiosis, which raises the possibility of developing learning that aims to understand symbiosis/interactions within a nature ecosystem.
kn-abstract=　本稿では，戦後中学校理科検定教科書におけるきのこの扱われ方，すなわち学習者が受け取ることになるきのこ像について，①どのようなきのこが扱われてきたのか，②植物に分類されているか否か，③きのこのからだは何で形成されているのか，④生態系における働きの四つの観点から，通時的な調査によって明らかにした。全47種がこれまでの理科教科書で登場してきたが，近年は種への意識というよりも，きのこが分解者としての役割を持つことにのみ焦点が当てられてきていることを指摘した。また，これまで教科書においては菌根性のきのこ自体について取り上げられつつも，その生態系における相利共生の観点への言及はないことから，相利共生の理解を目指す学習の開発が可能性として浮かび上がってくることも指摘した。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TAKAGIRisa
en-aut-sei=TAKAGI
en-aut-mei=Risa
kn-aut-name=髙木里彩
kn-aut-sei=髙木
kn-aut-mei=里彩
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IKEDAMasafumi
en-aut-sei=IKEDA
en-aut-mei=Masafumi
kn-aut-name=池田匡史
kn-aut-sei=池田
kn-aut-mei=匡史
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YAMAMOTOMasaya
en-aut-sei=YAMAMOTO
en-aut-mei=Masaya
kn-aut-name=山本将也
kn-aut-sei=山本
kn-aut-mei=将也
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Education (Professional Degree Corse), Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科大学院生

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域

affil-num=3
en-affil=Hyogo University of Teacher Education
kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院学校教育研究科
en-keyword=菌類 (Fungus)
kn-keyword=菌類 (Fungus)
en-keyword=菌根菌 (Mycorrhizal Fungi)
kn-keyword=菌根菌 (Mycorrhizal Fungi)
en-keyword=腐生菌 (Saprobic Fungi)
kn-keyword=腐生菌 (Saprobic Fungi)
en-keyword=相利共生 (Symbiosis)
kn-keyword=相利共生 (Symbiosis)
en-keyword=教材史 (History of teaching materials)
kn-keyword=教材史 (History of teaching materials)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=119
end-page=132
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250328
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Development of Thoughts on the Effective Use of School Libraries and Collaboration with Teacher-Librarians and School Librarians in Japanese Language Arts: From a Survey of the Journal Kyoiku Kagaku Kokugo Kyoiku
kn-title=学校図書館の活用と司書教諭・学校司書との協働をめぐる国語教育思潮の展開　―『教育科学国語教育』誌の調査から―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=　School libraries are mentioned by government guidelines for teaching, and it is also closely related to Japanese language arts. Previous studies have reported the necessity of collaboration with teacher-librarians and school librarians. However, there has been no study of what kind of collaboration has been conducted in Japanese language arts to date. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine how school libraries are utilized in Japanese language arts based on a survey of educational journals, and to organize references to teacher-librarians and school librarians. As a result, we pointed out that while school libraries have been utilized in Japanese language arts in elementary and junior high schools, the collaboration with teacher-librarians and school librarians may not have been focused on, and that the reason for this is the lack of human resources, while some valuable collaborations can be found.
kn-abstract=　学校図書館は，学習指導要領でも触れられており，国語科との関連も深い。また先行研究では，司書教諭や学校司書との協働の必要性が訴えられている。しかしこれまでの国語教育では，どのような協働がなされていたのかという検討がなされていない。そこで，本研究では，教育雑誌の調査をもとに，国語科においては，学校図書館がどのように活用されてきたのか，司書教諭や学校司書との協働はどのような態度がとられてきたのかを明らかにすることを目的とした。調査では，図書館に言及している論文や学校図書館を活用した実践・指導例を抽出し，分析した。実践・指導例の分析からは，小・中学校の国語科において学校図書館は活用されてきた一方で，司書教諭や学校司書との協働には着目が及んでいない状況が明らかになった。また，司書教諭や学校司書に関する言及からは，人的リソースにその原因を求める思潮が窺えたものの，価値ある協働も見受けられることを指摘した。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SAISHOYumi
en-aut-sei=SAISHO
en-aut-mei=Yumi
kn-aut-name=最相有未
kn-aut-sei=最相
kn-aut-mei=有未
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IKEDAMasafumi
en-aut-sei=IKEDA
en-aut-mei=Masafumi
kn-aut-name=池田匡史
kn-aut-sei=池田
kn-aut-mei=匡史
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Education（Professional Degree Corse），Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科大学院生

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Education，Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域
en-keyword=雑誌調査 (survey of journals)
kn-keyword=雑誌調査 (survey of journals)
en-keyword=読書指導 (reading instruction)
kn-keyword=読書指導 (reading instruction)
en-keyword=探究的な学習 (inquiry-based learning)
kn-keyword=探究的な学習 (inquiry-based learning)
en-keyword=国語教育史 (history of Japanese Language Arts)
kn-keyword=国語教育史 (history of Japanese Language Arts)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=56
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=15
end-page=33
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250321
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Survival, Creation, and Disappearance of Manufacturing Firms in the First Stage of Regional Revitalization
kn-title=地方創生第１期における製造事業所の存続，発生，消失
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=　In many local municipalities, in addition to revitalizing existing businesses and creating new businesses, attracting manufacturing plants remains an important policy for regional development. Today, unlike the attraction of heavy, large-scale industries during the period of high economic growth, there is a trend to attract companies by making the most of the region's advantages. Although the job creation effect has become smaller than in the past, many manufacturing industries remain positioned as core industries in the region. During the first period of regional revitalization, we identify what manufacturing firms have disappeared, withdrawn, appeared, or survived in what regions, and analyze the factors behind those.<br>
　Comparing manufacturing firms in 2014 and 2019, the average of value-added and the distribution of that shows that manufacturing firms that existed in both 2014 and 2019 had the highest labor productivity. The next highest was manufacturing firms that existed in 2019, and the lowest was manufacturing firms that existed in 2014 but did not exist in 2019. In addition, the results of the logit analysis suggest that manufacturing firms with high productivity and large size tend not to disappear, and that manufacturing firms with a high degree of urbanization tend to disappear. On the other hand, a regression analysis at the city/town/village level using industry concentration by industry and urban concentration measured by population size as explanatory variables showed a positive effect on the number of manufacturing firms that had been established.
kn-abstract=　地方に位置する多くの自治体においては，従来からある事業所の活性化や新規事業所の誕生に加えて，製造工場の誘致は地域振興にとっていまも重要な政策となっている。今日，高度経済成長期における重厚長大型の産業の誘致とは異なり，地域優位性をできるだけ活用した企業誘致の傾向になっている。雇用創出効果は昔に比べて小さくなっているとはいえ，製造業の多くにおいて，地域の基盤産業としての位置づけは残っている。第1期の地方創生の期間で，どのような地域において，どのような製造工場が消失，撤退や出現，存続しているのかを識別し，それらの要因を分析する。<br>
　2014年と2019年の事業所の比較において，付加価値生産性の平均と分布を見ると2014年，2019年ともに存在する事業所の労働生産性が最も高い。次いで高いのが2019年に存在する事業所で，最も低かったのが2014年には存在したが2019年には存在していない事業所であった。またロジット分析の結果から，生産性が高く事業所規模が大きいと消滅しない傾向があり，また都市化の程度が高いと消滅傾向にあることが推定された。他方，発生した製造事業所について，産業別に同業種集積と人口規模で測った都市集積を説明変数とした市町村単位の回帰分析からは正の効果が示された。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakamuraRyohei
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Ryohei
kn-aut-name=中村良平
kn-aut-sei=中村
kn-aut-mei=良平
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=79
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=31
end-page=37
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=202502
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Retrospective Analysis of the Safety of High-Volume Dental Articaine Preparations for Japanese Patients
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We retrospectively analyzed the safety of the use of articaine, an amide-type local anesthetic, in Japanese dental patients (n=300) treated in Thailand in 2015-2017. The dosage, adverse events (AEs) caused by local anesthesia, and treatment efficacy were examined. Articaine, which is safe for patients with liver impairments due to its unique metabolism, has not been thoroughly tested in Japan for doses above 5.1 mL. Eighty of the present patients had undergone root canal treatment (RCT), 71 underwent tooth extraction, and 149 underwent implant-related surgery. More than three articaine cartridges were used in 41 patients, and no AEs occurred in these cases. The only AE occurred in a 52-year-old woman who was treated with three cartridges and presented with what appeared to be hyperventilation syndrome; she later recovered and received her dental treatment as scheduled. Most treatments were completed with three or fewer cartridges, suggesting that this number is generally sufficient. Our findings, particularly the low AE risk even with doses exceeding three cartridges, support the potential applicability of the overseas recommended maximum dose of articaine (7 mg/kg) in Japanese patients. This conclusion is significant for advancing dental anesthetic practices and ensuring patient safety and treatment efficacy in Japan.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MaedaShigeru
en-aut-sei=Maeda
en-aut-mei=Shigeru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=PimkhaokhamAtiphan
en-aut-sei=Pimkhaokham
en-aut-mei=Atiphan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshidaMichihiro
en-aut-sei=Yoshida
en-aut-mei=Michihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HosoiHiroki
en-aut-sei=Hosoi
en-aut-mei=Hiroki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OhshimaAyako
en-aut-sei=Ohshima
en-aut-mei=Ayako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurisuRyoko
en-aut-sei=Kurisu
en-aut-mei=Ryoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UtsumiNozomi
en-aut-sei=Utsumi
en-aut-mei=Nozomi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HiguchiHitoshi
en-aut-sei=Higuchi
en-aut-mei=Hitoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyawakiTakuya
en-aut-sei=Miyawaki
en-aut-mei=Takuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Data Science Division, Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Data Science Division, Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Data Science Division, Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=dental anesthesia
kn-keyword=dental anesthesia
en-keyword=local anesthesia
kn-keyword=local anesthesia
en-keyword=drug-related side effect
kn-keyword=drug-related side effect
en-keyword=adverse reaction
kn-keyword=adverse reaction
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=4
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=53
end-page=63
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250325
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What is education for sustainable development?: From the perspective of international legal history
kn-title=持続可能な開発のための教育とは―国際法制史の視点から―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Throughout the history of international law, sustainable development has always been acknowledged as a global responsibility. In recent years, as global environmental concerns have escalated, this responsibility has become increasingly crucial. To fulfil this mandate, education policies must transcend national boundaries. Specifically, in light of pressing global environmental issues such as climate change, education on sustainable development is pivotal for the well-being of future generations. To delve deeper into this significance, the author examines the emergence of ESD (Education for Sustainable Development), its accomplishments, and the challenges the world is currently grappling with.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KAWAKAMIYoko
en-aut-sei=KAWAKAMI
en-aut-mei=Yoko
kn-aut-name=川上陽子
kn-aut-sei=川上
kn-aut-mei=陽子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Ph.D in law, Université Toulouse Capitole
kn-affil=
en-keyword=ESD
kn-keyword=ESD
en-keyword=SDGs
kn-keyword=SDGs
en-keyword=international environmental law
kn-keyword=international environmental law
en-keyword=international law
kn-keyword=international law
en-keyword=human rights
kn-keyword=human rights
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=18
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=769
end-page=774
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230519
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Review: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to regulate important brain activity—what occurs at the molecular level?
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Herein, we briefly review the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in regulating important brain activity by controlled release of acetylcholine from subcortical neuron groups, focusing on a microscopic viewpoint and considering the nonlinear dynamics of biological macromolecules associated with neuron activity and how they give rise to advanced brain functions of brain.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi
en-aut-sei=Nara
en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamagutiYutaka
en-aut-sei=Yamaguti
en-aut-mei=Yutaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsudaIchiro
en-aut-sei=Tsuda
en-aut-mei=Ichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Information Engineering, Fukuoka Institute of Technology
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences/Center for Mathematical Science and Artificial Intelligence, Chubu University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Neuromodulator
kn-keyword=Neuromodulator
en-keyword=Nichotinic
kn-keyword=Nichotinic
en-keyword=Acetylcholine
kn-keyword=Acetylcholine
en-keyword=Receptors
kn-keyword=Receptors
en-keyword=Brain activity
kn-keyword=Brain activity
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=187
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=145
end-page=151
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20241206
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What Is “Meaning” ?
kn-title=意味づけするとは何か
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　人間はコミュニケーションの動物であると言われる。しかしその対象についての解釈（意味）が異なればコミュニケーションは成立しない。本論では意味づけするとはどういうことなのかについて考える。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MIYAZAKIHiroshi
en-aut-sei=MIYAZAKI
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=宮﨑宏志
kn-aut-sei=宮﨑
kn-aut-mei=宏志
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SOBUKAWATakuya
en-aut-sei=SOBUKAWA
en-aut-mei=Takuya
kn-aut-name=曽布川拓也
kn-aut-sei=曽布川
kn-aut-mei=拓也
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域

affil-num=2
en-affil=Global Education Center, Waseda University
kn-affil=早稲田大学グローバルエデュケーションセンター
en-keyword=素象
kn-keyword=素象
en-keyword=コミュニケーション
kn-keyword=コミュニケーション
en-keyword=意味づけ
kn-keyword=意味づけ
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=5
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1251
end-page=1273
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=2024
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Skewing Technology for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors: A Comprehensive Review and Recent Trends
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This article gives a comprehensive overview of the current research trends in the skewing technique for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The skewing technique has been widely used in many applications to reduce the cogging torque and torque ripple in PMSMs. There are many ways to implement the skew, and new techniques are continually being developed. First, this article summarizes the types of skew structures and presents a survey of existing techniques. Specific emphasis is placed on what kind of skew structure is selected depending on the PMSM configuration. Second, the optimal value of the skew angle for each structure is comprehensively explained, and the discrepancy between theory and finite element analysis is discussed. The definition of skew angle varies across the literature, and one of the purposes of this article is to organize the definition in an easy-to-understand manner. In addition, this article offers three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA) results of various PMSMs employing the skew for quantitative comparison. Then, this article discusses the properties of PMSMs using the skew by structure and the latest trends, and finally describes future prospects.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TsunataRen
en-aut-sei=Tsunata
en-aut-mei=Ren
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakemotoMasatsugu
en-aut-sei=Takemoto
en-aut-mei=Masatsugu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Additive manufacturing (AM)
kn-keyword=Additive manufacturing (AM)
en-keyword=axial leakage flux
kn-keyword=axial leakage flux
en-keyword=cogging torque
kn-keyword=cogging torque
en-keyword=electrical machine
kn-keyword=electrical machine
en-keyword=finite element analysis (FEA)
kn-keyword=finite element analysis (FEA)
en-keyword=induction motor (IM)
kn-keyword=induction motor (IM)
en-keyword=interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM)
kn-keyword=interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM)
en-keyword=noise
kn-keyword=noise
en-keyword=patents
kn-keyword=patents
en-keyword=permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)
kn-keyword=permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)
en-keyword=skew
kn-keyword=skew
en-keyword=surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM)
kn-keyword=surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM)
en-keyword=torque ripple
kn-keyword=torque ripple
en-keyword=total harmonic distortion (THD)
kn-keyword=total harmonic distortion (THD)
en-keyword=traction motor
kn-keyword=traction motor
en-keyword=transportation
kn-keyword=transportation
en-keyword=vibration
kn-keyword=vibration
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=16
article-no=
start-page=1621
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240814
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Postgraduate Year Two Medical Residents' Awareness of Personal Development as a Physician during the Management of Inpatients: A Qualitative Study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Clinical experiences, helping relationships, and reflection are key factors for personal development for physicians. However, few studies have shown which experiences are important for personal growth and how medical residents specifically use their experiences for personal growth. The aim of this study was to identify from the medical residents' perspective which clinical experiences contribute to their personal development. We employed a qualitative design, conducting semi-structured interviews with ten postgraduate year two medical residents at a Japanese teaching hospital. The interviews were transcribed in interview memos, anonymized, and subjected to reflective thematic analysis to generate themes relevant to personal and professional development. Successful clinical experiences with autonomy and responsibility in clinical management were shown to be essential points for personal development as a physician. Autonomy in this study was the attitude of making one's own choices when managing patients. Responsibility was the obligation of the resident to take charge of a patient. Instructing junior trainees, appreciation received from patients, and approval granted by attending physicians reinforced their feelings of personal growth. The realization of what experiences and concepts influence medical residents' personal growth and development will make their professional development more effective.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki
en-aut-sei=Tokumasu
en-aut-mei=Kazuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ObaraHaruo
en-aut-sei=Obara
en-aut-mei=Haruo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HirosawaTakanobu
en-aut-sei=Hirosawa
en-aut-mei=Takanobu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OgawaHiroko
en-aut-sei=Ogawa
en-aut-mei=Hiroko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio
en-aut-sei=Otsuka
en-aut-mei=Fumio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of General Internal Medicine, Okinawa Chubu Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Diagnostic and Generalist Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=autonomy
kn-keyword=autonomy
en-keyword=personal development
kn-keyword=personal development
en-keyword=personal growth
kn-keyword=personal growth
en-keyword=qualitative study
kn-keyword=qualitative study
en-keyword=responsibility
kn-keyword=responsibility
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=121
cd-vols=
no-issue=25
article-no=
start-page=e2322765121
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240612
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Argonaute-independent, Dicer-dependent antiviral defense against RNA viruses
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Antiviral RNA interference (RNAi) is conserved from yeasts to mammals. Dicer recognizes and cleaves virus-derived double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and/or structured single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) into small-interfering RNAs, which guide effector Argonaute to homologous viral RNAs for digestion and inhibit virus replication. Thus, Argonaute is believed to be essential for antiviral RNAi. Here, we show Argonaute-independent, Dicer-dependent antiviral defense against dsRNA viruses using Cryphonectria parasitica (chestnut blight fungus), which is a model filamentous ascomycetous fungus and hosts a variety of viruses. The fungus has two dicer-like genes (dcl1 and dcl2) and four argonaute-like genes (agl1 to agl4). We prepared a suite of single to quadruple agl knockout mutants with or without dcl disruption. We tested these mutants for antiviral activities against diverse dsRNA viruses and ssRNA viruses. Although both DCL2 and AGL2 worked as antiviral players against some RNA viruses, DCL2 without argonaute was sufficient to block the replication of other RNA viruses. Overall, these results indicate the existence of a Dicer-alone defense and different degrees of susceptibility to it among RNA viruses. We discuss what determines the great difference in susceptibility to the Dicer-only defense.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SatoYukiyo
en-aut-sei=Sato
en-aut-mei=Yukiyo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KondoHideki
en-aut-sei=Kondo
en-aut-mei=Hideki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SuzukiNobuhiro
en-aut-sei=Suzuki
en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=RNAi
kn-keyword=RNAi
en-keyword=Argonaute
kn-keyword=Argonaute
en-keyword=Dicer
kn-keyword=Dicer
en-keyword=fungal virus
kn-keyword=fungal virus
en-keyword=chestnut blight
kn-keyword=chestnut blight
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=78
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=227
end-page=235
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=202406
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Effect of Lipopolysaccharide on the Duration of Zolpidem-Induced Loss of Righting Reflex in Mice
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Zolpidem, a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic, is primarily used to treat insomnia. In a previous study, pior treatment with non-benzodiazepine receptor agonists was associated with inflammation. The present study aimed to clarify the association between the effects of zolpidem and inflammation in mice treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a known model of inflammation. We assessed the zolpidem-induced loss of righting reflex (LORR) duration 24 h after LPS treatment in mice. Additionally, the expressions of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor subunit and K+-Cl− cotransporter isoform 2 (KCC2) mRNA in the hippocampus and frontal cortex were examined in LPS-treated mice. Pretreatment with LPS was associated with significantly prolonged duration of zolpidem-induced LORR compared to control mice. This effect was significantly attenuated by administering bicuculline, a GABAA receptor antagonist, or flumazenil, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, in LPS-treated mice. Compared to controls, LPS-treated mice showed no significant change in the expression of GABAA receptor subunits in the hippocampus or frontal cortex. Bumetanide, an Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter isoform 1 blocker, attenuated the extended duration of zolpidem-induced LORR observed in LPS-treated mice. LPS significantly decreased Kcc2 mRNA expression in the hippocampus and the frontal cortex. These findings suggest that inflammation increases zolpidem-induced LORR, possibly through a reduction in KCC2 expression.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WadaYudai
en-aut-sei=Wada
en-aut-mei=Yudai
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UshioSoichiro
en-aut-sei=Ushio
en-aut-mei=Soichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa
en-aut-sei=Kitamura
en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito
en-aut-sei=Zamami
en-aut-mei=Yoshito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SendoToshiaki
en-aut-sei=Sendo
en-aut-mei=Toshiaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=lipopolysaccharide
kn-keyword=lipopolysaccharide
en-keyword=zolpidem
kn-keyword=zolpidem
en-keyword=GABAA receptor
kn-keyword=GABAA receptor
en-keyword=K+-Cl− cotransporters
kn-keyword=K+-Cl− cotransporters
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=78
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=215
end-page=225
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=202406
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Assessment of a New Elbow Joint Positioning Method Using Area Detector Computed Tomography
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We propose a sitting position that achieves both high image quality and a reduced radiation dose in elbow joint imaging by area detector computed tomography (ADCT), and we compared it with the ‘superman’ and supine positions. The volumetric CT dose index (CTDIvol) for the sitting, superman, and supine positions were 2.7, 8.0, and 20.0 mGy and the dose length products (DLPs) were 43.4, 204.7, and 584.8 mGy • cm, respectively. In the task-based transfer function (TTF), the highest value was obtained for the sitting position in both bone and soft tissue images. The noise power spectrum (NPS) of bone images showed that the superman position had the lowest value up to approx. 1.1 cycles/mm or lower, whereas the sitting position had the lowest value when the NPS was greater than approx. 1.1 cycles/mm. The overall image quality in an observer study resulted in the following median Likert scores for Readers 1 and 2: 5.0 and 5.0 for the sitting position, 4.0 and 3.5 for the superman position, and 4.0 and 2.0 for the supine position. These results indicate that our proposed sitting position with ADCT of the elbow joint can provide superior image quality and allow lower radiation doses compared to the superman and supine positions.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=AkagawaTakuya
en-aut-sei=Akagawa
en-aut-mei=Takuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FukuiRyohei
en-aut-sei=Fukui
en-aut-mei=Ryohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KidaKatsuhiro
en-aut-sei=Kida
en-aut-mei=Katsuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsuuraRyutaro
en-aut-sei=Matsuura
en-aut-mei=Ryutaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShimadaMakoto
en-aut-sei=Shimada
en-aut-mei=Makoto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KinoshitaMitsuhiro
en-aut-sei=Kinoshita
en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AkagawaYoko
en-aut-sei=Akagawa
en-aut-mei=Yoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=GotoSachiko
en-aut-sei=Goto
en-aut-mei=Sachiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Tokushima Red Cross Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Osaka International Cancer Institute
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Tokushima Red Cross Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Tokushima Red Cross Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=area detector computed tomography
kn-keyword=area detector computed tomography
en-keyword=elbow joint
kn-keyword=elbow joint
en-keyword=sitting position
kn-keyword=sitting position
en-keyword=dose reduction
kn-keyword=dose reduction
en-keyword=image quality assessment
kn-keyword=image quality assessment
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=78
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=185
end-page=191
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=202404
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Reduced Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccine in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The global pandemic of coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19) was an unprecedented public health emergency. Several clinical studies reported that heart disease, lung disease, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity are critical risk factors for increased severity of and hospitalization for COVID-19. This is largely because patients with these underlying medical conditions can show poor immune responses to the COVID-19 vaccinations. Diabetes is one of the underlying conditions most highly associated with COVID-19 susceptibility and is considered a predictor of poor prognosis of COVID-19. We therefore investigated factors that influence the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titer after three doses of vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes. We found that obesity was associated with low anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titers following three-dose vaccination in type 2 diabetics. Obese patients with type 2 diabetes may have attenuated vaccine efficacy and require additional vaccination; continuous infection control should be considered in such patients.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TakahashiHiroko
en-aut-sei=Takahashi
en-aut-mei=Hiroko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EguchiJun
en-aut-sei=Eguchi
en-aut-mei=Jun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeMayu
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Mayu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakayamaMasanori
en-aut-sei=Nakayama
en-aut-mei=Masanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WadaJun
en-aut-sei=Wada
en-aut-mei=Jun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Office of Innovative Medicine, Organization for Research Strategy and Development, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=obesity
kn-keyword=obesity
en-keyword=type 2 diabetes
kn-keyword=type 2 diabetes
en-keyword=COVID-19
kn-keyword=COVID-19
en-keyword=vaccination
kn-keyword=vaccination
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=78
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=135
end-page=142
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=202404
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Photon-Counting Detector CT: Potential for 75% Reduction in Contrast Medium Amount: A Phantom Study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This study aimed to evaluate the potential reduction in contrast medium utilization using photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT). One PCD-CT scan (CT1) and three conventional (non-PCD-CT) CT scans (CT2-CT4) were performed using a multi-energy CT phantom that contained eight rods with different iodine concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/ml). The CT values of the seven groups (CT1 for 40, 50, 60, and 70 keV; and CT2-4) were measured. Noise and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were assessed for the eight rods at various iodine concentrations. CT2 and CT1 (40 keV) respectively required 20 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml of iodine, indicating that a comparable contrast effect could be obtained with approximately one-fourth of the contrast medium amount. The standard deviation values increased at lower energy levels irrespective of the iodine concentration. The CNR exhibited a decreasing trend with lower iodine concentrations, while it remained relatively stable across all iodine levels (40-70 keV). This study demonstrated that virtual monochromatic 40 keV images offer a similar contrast effect with a reduced contrast medium amount when compared to conventional CT systems at 120 kV.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HigakiFumiyo
en-aut-sei=Higaki
en-aut-mei=Fumiyo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MorimitsuYusuke
en-aut-sei=Morimitsu
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro
en-aut-sei=Iguchi
en-aut-mei=Toshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SaitoHayato
en-aut-sei=Saito
en-aut-mei=Hayato
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakakiHaruhiko
en-aut-sei=Takaki
en-aut-mei=Haruhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakagoshiAyako
en-aut-sei=Nakagoshi
en-aut-mei=Ayako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WadaMaki
en-aut-sei=Wada
en-aut-mei=Maki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UkaMayu
en-aut-sei=Uka
en-aut-mei=Mayu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AkagiNoriaki
en-aut-sei=Akagi
en-aut-mei=Noriaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu
en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi
en-aut-mei=Toshiharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsuiYusuke
en-aut-sei=Matsui
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HirakiTakao
en-aut-sei=Hiraki
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=photon-counting detector CT
kn-keyword=photon-counting detector CT
en-keyword=energy integrating detector CT
kn-keyword=energy integrating detector CT
en-keyword=computed tomography
kn-keyword=computed tomography
en-keyword=contrast medium amount
kn-keyword=contrast medium amount
en-keyword=reduction
kn-keyword=reduction
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=78
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=95
end-page=106
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=202404
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Roles of Neuropeptide Y in Respiratory Disease Pathogenesis via the Airway Immune Response
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The lungs are very complex organs, and the respiratory system performs the dual roles of repairing tissue while protecting against infection from various environmental stimuli. Persistent external irritation disrupts the immune responses of tissues and cells in the respiratory system, ultimately leading to respiratory disease. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino-acid polypeptide and a neurotransmitter that regulates homeostasis. The NPY receptor is a seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein-coupled receptor with six subtypes (Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, and Y6). Of these receptors, Y1, Y2, Y4, and Y5 are functional in humans, and Y1 plays important roles in the immune responses of many organs, including the respiratory system. NPY and the Y1 receptor have critical roles in the pathogenesis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The effects of NPY on the airway immune response and pathogenesis differ among respiratory diseases. This review focuses on the involvement of NPY in the airway immune response and pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ItanoJunko
en-aut-sei=Itano
en-aut-mei=Junko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki
en-aut-sei=Kiura
en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu
en-aut-sei=Maeda
en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyaharaNobuaki
en-aut-sei=Miyahara
en-aut-mei=Nobuaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=neuropeptide y
kn-keyword=neuropeptide y
en-keyword=Y1 receptor
kn-keyword=Y1 receptor
en-keyword=airway immune response
kn-keyword=airway immune response
en-keyword=bronchial epithelial cells
kn-keyword=bronchial epithelial cells
en-keyword=respiratory disease
kn-keyword=respiratory disease
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=14
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=207
end-page=221
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240329
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Analysis of Bullying Questionnaires to Identify the Problems using Teachers’ Recognitions about What Are Serious for Students
kn-title=現行いじめアンケートの妥当性と課題 ―教師の「いじめの深刻さ認識」を指標として―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=Questionnaires designed to detect bullying early are administered by the board of education in Japan. However, despite these efforts, the total number of bullying cases is not decreasing. This study aims to enhance the effectiveness of the questionnaires. Fourteen bullying questionnaires developed by the board of education were collected and analyzed. We found they used very similar definitions about actions as bullying. However, Miyagawa and Aoki (2023) suggested the possibility that the most serious forms of bullying for students involve actions from which they could not do the same action at the same time. Therefore, we investigated whether teachers recognized the seriousness of such actions. Seventyfive teachers from high school to elementary school participated in this study. Consequently, we found that teachers recognized bullying that “could not return back” as more serious than actions that “could return back.” Based on these results, it would be possible to say that “the actions of bullying,” as using the questionnaires by the board of education now are adequate for a survey. However, these findings also imply limitations in the effectiveness of early bullying detection by the questionnaires. Potential modifications to the questionnaires were discussed to address these limitations and take precautions against such possibilities.
kn-abstract=　いじめ早期発見を目的としたアンケートが全国で実施されているが，いじめの認知件数は減少していない。そこで，全国14都道府県のいじめアンケートを集計し，内容を分析した。加えて，このいじめアンケートが「いじめに該当する」としている行為に着目し，いじめ行為に対する，教師の「いじめに対する深刻さの認識」を調査した。その際，宮川・青木（2023）が示した「いじめの深刻度」に関する知見を用いた。分析の結果，教師は「やり返せる行為」よりも，「やり返せない行為」をより深刻と捉えていることがわかった。つまり，教師は「深刻と捉えられるべきいじめ行為」を深刻だと捉えており，現行いじめアンケートが「いじめに該当する」としている行為は妥当であると考えた。このことは，現行いじめアンケートでは早期発見が難しいことを示唆している。よって，早期発見と言うよりは，未然防止につながる新しいアンケートの開発の必要性について考察した。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MIYAGAWASena
en-aut-sei=MIYAGAWA
en-aut-mei=Sena
kn-aut-name=宮川世名
kn-aut-sei=宮川
kn-aut-mei=世名
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AOKITazuko
en-aut-sei=AOKI
en-aut-mei=Tazuko
kn-aut-name=青木多寿子
kn-aut-sei=青木
kn-aut-mei=多寿子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Education，Okayama University (Master Degree Course)
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科大学院生

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Education，Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域
en-keyword=いじめアンケート (questionnaire to detect bullying early)
kn-keyword=いじめアンケート (questionnaire to detect bullying early)
en-keyword=いじめ未然防止 (preventing bullying in advance)
kn-keyword=いじめ未然防止 (preventing bullying in advance)
en-keyword=いじめに該当する行為 (what are the ser ious actions of bullying)
kn-keyword=いじめに該当する行為 (what are the ser ious actions of bullying)
en-keyword=教師の認識 (recognition of bullying by teachers)
kn-keyword=教師の認識 (recognition of bullying by teachers)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=14
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=119
end-page=133
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240329
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Study on the Process of Formation of Elementary School Teachers’ perspective on Social Studies -Focusing on rookie teachers-
kn-title=小学校教師の社会科観の形成過程に関する研究 ―初任期教師に着目して―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=The purpose of this study is to clarify what rookie elementary school teachers rely on to form their perspectives on social studies and how they try to develop their own perspectives on social studies. I conducted interviews with rookie elementary school teachers hearing their own views on social studies and the process of forming their perspectives on social studies. As a result of the survey, it was revealed that the perspective of social studies held by rookie elementary school teachers is in the process of forming their own view of social studies while filling in the gaps through encountering new experiences and values, such as observing children in daily classes, researching teaching materials, and experiencing student guidance, based on what they learned in the seminar they belonged to in order to write their graduation thesis in college. In addition, with regard to the image of children that they want to nurture through social studies, teachers' aspirations for a better future society are at the core of their thinking about the role of social studies, and they recognize that social studies is a subject that is closely related to student guidance and life guidance.
kn-abstract=　本研究は，初任期の小学校教師が何を拠り所として社会科観を形成しているのか，また自身の社会科観をどのように発展させていこうとしているのかを明らかにしようとするものである。調査の結果，初任期小学校教師は，大学時代の卒業論文を書くために所属したゼミでの学びが核となり，日々の授業での子供観察や教材研究，生徒指導の経験など，新しい経験や価値観に出会うことを通して不足している部分を補いながら自身の社会科観を形成しており，社会科観は流動的であることが明らかになった。また，社会科を通して育てたい子供像については，教師のよりよい未来社会への志向が，社会科の役割に対する考えの核となっており，社会科を生徒指導や生活指導と密接に関連する教科であると認識していた。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FUKUTAYuka
en-aut-sei=FUKUTA
en-aut-mei=Yuka
kn-aut-name=福田友香
kn-aut-sei=福田
kn-aut-mei=友香
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KUWABARAToshinori
en-aut-sei=KUWABARA
en-aut-mei=Toshinori
kn-aut-name=桑原敏典
kn-aut-sei=桑原
kn-aut-mei=敏典
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科大学院生

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域
en-keyword=小学校教師 (elementary school teacher)
kn-keyword=小学校教師 (elementary school teacher)
en-keyword=社会科観 (social studies perspectives)
kn-keyword=社会科観 (social studies perspectives)
en-keyword=インタビュー (interview)
kn-keyword=インタビュー (interview)
en-keyword=初任期教師 (rookie teacher)
kn-keyword=初任期教師 (rookie teacher)
en-keyword=教師のゲートキーピング (gatekeeping role of teacher)
kn-keyword=教師のゲートキーピング (gatekeeping role of teacher)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=78
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=29
end-page=36
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=202402
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Regression of Necrotic Lesions after Methotrexate Withdrawal in Patients with Methotrexate-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders: A Retrospective CT Study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This retrospective study investigated whether necrotic lesions detected on a computed tomography (CT) scan are more regressive than non-necrotic lesions after methotrexate withdrawal in patients pathologically diagnosed with methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders (MTX-LPD). In total, 89 lesions extracted from 24 patients on CT scans were included in the analysis. All patients had been evaluated for the presence of necrosis within lesions via CT scan upon first suspicion of MTX-LPD (baseline CT scan). The percentage lesion size reduction between the baseline and initial follow-up CT scan was calculated. The association between necrosis within lesions and size changes was estimated via linear regression analyses using both crude and adjusted models. Necrosis was significantly more common in extranodal lesions (27 out of 30 lesions, 90%) than in nodal lesions (9 out of 59 lesions, 15%, p<0.001). In the crude model, the regression of necrotic lesions was 58.5% greater than that of non-necrotic lesions; the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Additionally, the longest diameter of necrotic lesions at the baseline CT scan was significantly greater than that of non-necrotic lesions (p<0.001). Based on the adjusted model, necrotic lesions showed 49.3% greater regression than non-necrotic lesions (p=0.017). Necrosis detected on a CT scan was found to be an independent predictor of regression after MTX withdrawal in patients with MTX-LPD.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KitayamaTakahiro
en-aut-sei=Kitayama
en-aut-mei=Takahiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanakaTakashi
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KanieYuichiro
en-aut-sei=Kanie
en-aut-mei=Yuichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MarukawaYohei
en-aut-sei=Marukawa
en-aut-mei=Yohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KojimaKatsuhide
en-aut-sei=Kojima
en-aut-mei=Katsuhide
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanakaTakehiro
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Takehiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakaoSoshi
en-aut-sei=Takao
en-aut-mei=Soshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HirakiTakao
en-aut-sei=Hiraki
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=methotrexate
kn-keyword=methotrexate
en-keyword=lymphoproliferative disorder
kn-keyword=lymphoproliferative disorder
en-keyword=computed tomography
kn-keyword=computed tomography
en-keyword=necrosis
kn-keyword=necrosis
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=3
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=290
end-page=298
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240325
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Meiji person's impression of the petition: What the postscript tells
kn-title=建白書ヲ読ミテ ―識語の語るもの―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YAMASHITAHiroshi
en-aut-sei=YAMASHITA
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=山下洋
kn-aut-sei=山下
kn-aut-mei=洋
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=16
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=2023
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Optimal liver drainage rate for survival in patients with unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction using 3D-image volume analyzer
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background: Drainage exceeding 50% of total liver volume is a beneficial prognostic factor in patients with unresectable malignant hilar biliary obstruction (UMHBO). However, it is unclear what threshold percentage of total liver volume drained ('liver drainage rate') significantly improves survival in patients with UMHBO who received systemic chemotherapy.<br>
Objectives: We aimed to assess the optimal liver drainage rate that improves survival in patients with UMHBO receiving chemotherapy using a three-dimensional (3D)-image volume analyzer.<br>
Design: This study was a single-center retrospective cohort study.<br>
Methods: Data from 90 patients with UMHBO who received chemotherapy after endoscopic biliary drainage using metal stents at Okayama University Hospital from January 2003 to December 2020 were reviewed. The liver drainage rate was calculated by dividing the drained liver volume by the total liver volume using a 3D-image volume analyzer. The primary endpoint was overall survival by liver drainage rate. The secondary endpoints were time to recurrent biliary obstruction (TRBO) and prognostic factors.<br>
Results: The median total liver volume was 1172 (range: 673-2032) mL, and the median liver drainage rate was 83% (range: 50-100). Overall survival was 376 (95% CI: 271-450) days, and patients with >80% drainage (n = 67) had significantly longer survival than those with <80% drainage (n = 23) (450 days versus 224 days, p = 0.0033, log-rank test). TRBO was 201 (95% CI: 155-327) days and did not differ significantly by liver drainage rate. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed >80% liver drainage [hazard ratio (HR): 0.35, 95% CI: 0.20-0.62, p = 0.0003] and hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.17-0.50, p < 0.0001) as significant prognostic factors.<br>
Conclusion: In patients with UMHBO scheduled for chemotherapy, >80% drainage is associated with improved survival. Further prospective multicenter studies are needed to verify the results of this study.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MorimotoKosaku
en-aut-sei=Morimoto
en-aut-mei=Kosaku
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ObataTaisuke
en-aut-sei=Obata
en-aut-mei=Taisuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OdaTakashi
en-aut-sei=Oda
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyamotoKazuya
en-aut-sei=Miyamoto
en-aut-mei=Kazuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsumiAkihiro
en-aut-sei=Matsumi
en-aut-mei=Akihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TerasawaHiroyuki
en-aut-sei=Terasawa
en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujiiYuki
en-aut-sei=Fujii
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamazakiTatsuhiro
en-aut-sei=Yamazaki
en-aut-mei=Tatsuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HoriguchiShigeru
en-aut-sei=Horiguchi
en-aut-mei=Shigeru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsutsumiKoichiro
en-aut-sei=Tsutsumi
en-aut-mei=Koichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatoHironari
en-aut-sei=Kato
en-aut-mei=Hironari
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OtsukaMotoyuki
en-aut-sei=Otsuka
en-aut-mei=Motoyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=13
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=13
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=biliary obstruction
kn-keyword=biliary obstruction
en-keyword=chemotherapy
kn-keyword=chemotherapy
en-keyword=CT volumetry
kn-keyword=CT volumetry
en-keyword=endoscopic biliary drainage
kn-keyword=endoscopic biliary drainage
en-keyword=self-expandable metal stent
kn-keyword=self-expandable metal stent
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=55
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=14
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20231124
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Building a perspective on the innovation process of local public services
kn-title=地方公共サービス革新プロセスの視座の構築
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　When local governments develop public services, they often experience innovation processes. More often, the innovation processes referred to here seem to be the perceived needs for transformation faced with external pressures and the purposive responses to them. This article tries to depict this discourse from a different viewpoint. One of the perspectives that has been proposed so far is that the external environments are made up of multiple actors, and that the historical backgrounds and the relationships between these actors affect the structure of administrative organizations and the methods of providing public services. The transformation processes could be one-time events no matter how long the processes may take, but this article tries to argue they may connote a circular mechanism where both of the administrative organizations and the external actors feedback to each other. In order to elaborate this direction of theorizing, three steps are employed by applying existent literature of various types developed in rather a broader context of social sciences. First, if one of the goals of postmodern theorization is liberating the psychological energies of actors from the cramped social reality that structuralists postulated, then Actor-Network-Theory may be useful. Second, according to Sarasbathy’s research on entrepreneurial behaviors, the view that we effectuate our future through what we can do now is attractive in order to create a new discourse of social innovations, where we appreciate them as not springing out of nowhere all of sudden. Third, once this article accepts polyphonic views on social realities where congested discourses interact during abovementioned process, the role of civic entrepreneurs on the frontline can never be overstated enough. This is because such civic entrepreneurs could cooperate with minority opinions and raise them into broader contexts of dialogues within societies.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujiiDaiji
en-aut-sei=Fujii
en-aut-mei=Daiji
kn-aut-name=藤井大児
kn-aut-sei=藤井
kn-aut-mei=大児
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KanajiHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Kanaji
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=金治宏
kn-aut-sei=金治
kn-aut-mei=宏
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院ヘルスシステム統合科学学域

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=京都光華女子大学キャリア形成学部
en-keyword=local government
kn-keyword=local government
en-keyword=public services
kn-keyword=public services
en-keyword=innovation process
kn-keyword=innovation process
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=77
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=479
end-page=490
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=202310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Childcare and Child Development in Japan
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=For decades, the notion has persisted in developed countries that exclusive care by the mothers is best for the development of children up to 3 years of age. To examine the veracity of this “myth of the first three years” in Japan, we examined the effects of childcare facility use for children younger than 3 years on their development using the cohorts of the Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century conducted in Japan. Of the 47,015 respondents to the survey, we studied the children of 5,508 mothers with university/professional education to evaluate the relationships between primary early (< 2.5 years) childcare providers during weekday daytime hours and specific development indices for the ages of 2.5, 5.5, and 8 years. At the age of 2.5 and 5.5 years, children attending childcare facilities were judged as having more advanced developmental behaviors by their parents, such as being able to compose a two-word sentence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.22) or to express emotions (aOR: 0.81), compared with those cared for by mothers. However, at the age of 8 years, children who attended childcare facilities as infants < 2.5 years showed more aggressive behavior in interrupting people (aOR: 1.20) and causing disturbances in public (aOR: 1.26) than those cared for by mothers (after adjustment for numerous child and parental factors). Although these results are generally consistent with previous studies, issues potentially involved with problem behavior such as quality of childcare require further investigation, as does the case of children of mothers with more modest educational attainment.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MurataAkiko
en-aut-sei=Murata
en-aut-mei=Akiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei=Naomi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyajiChikara
en-aut-sei=Miyaji
en-aut-mei=Chikara
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakaoSoshi
en-aut-sei=Takao
en-aut-mei=Soshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi
en-aut-sei=Yorifuji
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=“myth of the first three years”
kn-keyword=“myth of the first three years”
en-keyword=childcare
kn-keyword=childcare
en-keyword=child development
kn-keyword=child development
en-keyword=problem behavior
kn-keyword=problem behavior
en-keyword=educational attainment
kn-keyword=educational attainment
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=77
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=451
end-page=460
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=202310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=An Assessment Rubric for a Resident Training Program in Surgery: A Single-Institution Experience
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Using a Collaborative Action Research model, our research team established a one-month clinical resident training program for first- and second-year clinical residents. We created and implemented an assessment rubric to assess the residents’ progress toward independent practice in surgery, and thereby, to evaluate the program itself. The program included training in three areas: basic techniques and procedures in the operating room, surgical ward management, and academic activities. The rubric measured the residents’ performance according to three achievement levels: Level 1 (demonstration), Level 2 (active help) and Level 3 (passive help). The program and rubric implementation began in June 2019 and continued until March 2020, when the program outcomes and shortcomings were analyzed. Among nineteen clinical residents, a total of nine clinical residents participated in the study. Most participants reached achievement Level 3 for their performance of basic techniques in the operating room. Finally, we discussed ideas for improvement and drafted plans for an improved rubric to complete the action research cycle. Our research team found the rubric to be a useful tool in evaluating the status of the new clinical resident training program.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OkitaAtsushi
en-aut-sei=Okita
en-aut-mei=Atsushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsukudaKazunori
en-aut-sei=Tsukuda
en-aut-mei=Kazunori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=InoHideo
en-aut-sei=Ino
en-aut-mei=Hideo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MitsuiEma
en-aut-sei=Mitsui
en-aut-mei=Ema
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IkeyaNanami
en-aut-sei=Ikeya
en-aut-mei=Nanami
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoSumiharu
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Sumiharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YokoyamaNobuji
en-aut-sei=Yokoyama
en-aut-mei=Nobuji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BulinAubra
en-aut-sei=Bulin
en-aut-mei=Aubra
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Center for Education in Medicine and Health Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Discovery Program for Global Learners, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=resident program
kn-keyword=resident program
en-keyword=rubric assessment
kn-keyword=rubric assessment
en-keyword=general surgery
kn-keyword=general surgery
en-keyword=action research
kn-keyword=action research
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2005
dt-pub=20051231
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=社会階層と禁煙の関係を説明する要因は何か? パス分析の結果から
kn-title=What accounts for the relationship between social class and smoking cessation? Results of a path analysis
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=本庄かおり
kn-aut-sei=本庄
kn-aut-mei=かおり
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=10
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=825
end-page=846
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230809
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Data-driven evolutionary computation for service constrained inventory optimization in multi-echelon supply chains
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Supply chain digital twin has emerged as a powerful tool in studying the behavior of an actual supply chain. However, most studies in the field of supply chain digital twin have only focused on what-if analysis that compares several different scenarios. This study proposes a data-driven evolutionary algorithm to efficiently solve the service constrained inventory optimization problem using historical data that generated by supply chain digital twins. The objective is to minimize the total costs while satisfying the required service level for a supply chain. The random forest algorithm is used to build surrogate models which can be used to estimate the total costs and service level in a supply chain. The surrogate models are optimized by an ensemble approach-based differential evolution algorithm which can adaptively use different search strategies to improve the performance during the computation process. A three-echelon supply chain digital twin on the geographic information system (GIS) map in real-time is used to examine the efficiency of the proposed method. The experimental results indicate that the data-driven evolutionary algorithm can reduce the total costs and maintain the required service level. The finding suggests that our proposed method can learn from the historical data and generate better inventory policies for a supply chain digital twin.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=LiuZiang
en-aut-sei=Liu
en-aut-mei=Ziang
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiTatsushi
en-aut-sei=Nishi
en-aut-mei=Tatsushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Evolutionary algorithm
kn-keyword=Evolutionary algorithm
en-keyword=Inventory management
kn-keyword=Inventory management
en-keyword=Data-driven
kn-keyword=Data-driven
en-keyword=Supply chain
kn-keyword=Supply chain
en-keyword=Digital twin
kn-keyword=Digital twin
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=77
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=395
end-page=405
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=202308
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha with Psychopathology in Patients with Schizophrenia
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We investigated the relationship between serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and psychopathological symptoms, clinical and socio-demographic characteristics and antipsychotic therapy in individuals with schizophrenia. TNF-α levels were measured in 90 patients with schizophrenia and 90 healthy controls matched by age, gender, smoking status, and body mass index. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess the severity of psychopathology in patients. No significant differences in TNF-α levels were detected between the patients and controls (p=0.736). TNF-α levels were not correlated with total, positive, negative, general, or composite PANSS scores (all p>0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between TNF-α levels and the PANSS cognitive factor (ρ=−0.222, p=0.035). A hierarchical regression analysis identified the cognitive factor as a significant predictor of the TNF-α level (beta=−0.258, t=−2.257, p=0.027). There were no significant differences in TNF-α levels among patients treated with different types of antipsychotics (p=0.596). TNF-α levels correlated positively with the age of onset (ρ=0.233, p=0.027) and negatively with illness duration (ρ=−0.247, p=0.019) and antipsychotic treatment duration (ρ=−0.256, p=0.015). These results indicate that TNF-α may be involved in cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, and would be a potential clinical-state marker in schizophrenia.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=PavlovicMarko
en-aut-sei=Pavlovic
en-aut-mei=Marko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BabicDragan
en-aut-sei=Babic
en-aut-mei=Dragan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=RastovicPejana
en-aut-sei=Rastovic
en-aut-mei=Pejana
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ArapovicJurica
en-aut-sei=Arapovic
en-aut-mei=Jurica
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MartinacMarko
en-aut-sei=Martinac
en-aut-mei=Marko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=JakovacSanja
en-aut-sei=Jakovac
en-aut-mei=Sanja
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BarbaricRomana
en-aut-sei=Barbaric
en-aut-mei=Romana
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Health Care Center Mostar, University of Mostar
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=University Hospital Center Mostar, University of Mostar
kn-affil=
en-keyword=tumor necrosis factor-alpha
kn-keyword=tumor necrosis factor-alpha
en-keyword=schizophrenia
kn-keyword=schizophrenia
en-keyword=psychopathology
kn-keyword=psychopathology
en-keyword=immune system
kn-keyword=immune system
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=37
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=1772
end-page=1787
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230713
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Anti-oppressive global citizenship education in English language teaching: a three-pillar approach
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Anti-oppressive global citizenship education (GCE), a specific strand of critical GCE, is a new field, especially concerning empirical studies within English classrooms. Based on an anti-oppressive GCE framework and the research question, “what does anti-oppressive theory look like in practice in English classrooms and how can this be woven into GCE?”, this paper explains the results of a project which used a portraiture methodology to collect and analyze approximately 6 hours of semi-structured interviews, detailed impressionistic records, and several lessons collected with one secondary school English teacher in Ontario, Canada. The portrait showcases how the educator implements a three-pillar approach to anti-oppressive GCE language education and the need to shine light on minoritized identities, create healthy soil for the foundation of learning about systemic oppression, and give the proper amounts of water/support to each student.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=CarrollShawna M.
en-aut-sei=Carroll
en-aut-mei=Shawna M.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Anti-oppression education
kn-keyword=Anti-oppression education
en-keyword=global citizenship education
kn-keyword=global citizenship education
en-keyword=language teaching
kn-keyword=language teaching
en-keyword=portraiture
kn-keyword=portraiture
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=77
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=301
end-page=309
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=202306
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Associations between Comorbidities and Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease after Primary Lung Cancer Surgery
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Acute exacerbation (AE) of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a severe complication of lung resection in lung cancer patients with ILD (LC-ILD). This study aimed to assess the predictive value of comorbidities other than ILD for postoperative AE in patients with LC-ILD. We retrospectively evaluated 68 patients with LC-ILD who had undergone lung resection. We classified them into two groups: those who had developed postoperative AE within 30 days after resection and those who had not. We analyzed patient characteristics, high-resolution computed tomography findings, clinical data, pulmonary function, and intraoperative data. The incidence of postoperative AEs was 11.8%. In univariate analysis, performance status (PS), honeycombing, forced vital capacity (FVC), and high hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels without comorbidities were significantly associated with postoperative AE. Patients were divided into two groups according to cutoff levels of those four variables as determined by receiver operating characteristic curves, revealing that the rates of patients without postoperative AE differed significantly between groups. The present results suggested that preoperative comorbidities other than ILD were not risk factors for postoperative AE in patients with LC-ILD. However, a high preoperative HbA1c level, poor PS, low FVC, and honeycombing may be associated with postoperative AE of LC-ILD.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KatoTakahide
en-aut-sei=Kato
en-aut-mei=Takahide
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyoshiSeigo
en-aut-sei=Miyoshi
en-aut-mei=Seigo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HamadaChizuru
en-aut-sei=Hamada
en-aut-mei=Chizuru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SanoYoshifumi
en-aut-sei=Sano
en-aut-mei=Yoshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NogamiNaoyuki
en-aut-sei=Nogami
en-aut-mei=Naoyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamaguchiOsamu
en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi
en-aut-mei=Osamu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HamaguchiNaohiko
en-aut-sei=Hamaguchi
en-aut-mei=Naohiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Community Medicine, Pulmonology and Cardiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=
en-keyword=lung cancer
kn-keyword=lung cancer
en-keyword=interstitial lung disease
kn-keyword=interstitial lung disease
en-keyword=acute exacerbation
kn-keyword=acute exacerbation
en-keyword=comorbidity
kn-keyword=comorbidity
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=77
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=243
end-page=254
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=202306
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Brown Adipose Tissue PPARγ Is Required for the Insulin-Sensitizing Action of Thiazolidinediones
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a critical role in metabolic homeostasis. BAT dysfunction is associated with the development of obesity through an imbalance between energy expenditure and energy intake. The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is the master regulator of adipogenesis. However, the roles of PPARγ and thiazolidinediones (TZDs) in the regulation of BAT metabolism remain unclear. TZDs, which are selective PPARγ activators, improve systemic insulin resistance in animals and humans. In the present study, we generated brown adipocyte-specific PPARγ-deficient mice (BATγKO) to examine the in vivo roles of PPARγ and TZDs in BAT metabolism. In electron microscopic examinations, brown adipocyte-specific PPARγ deletion promoted severe whitening of brown fat and morphological alteration of mitochondria. Brown adipocyte-specific PPARγ deletion also reduced mRNA expression of BAT-selective genes. Although there was no difference in energy expenditure between control and BATγKO mice in calorimetry, norepinephrine-induced thermogenesis was impaired in BATγKO mice. Moreover, pioglitazone treatment improved diet-induced insulin resistance in the control mice but not in the BATγKO mice. These findings suggest that BAT PPARγ is necessary for the maintenance of brown adipocyte function and for the insulin-sensitizing action of TZDs.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ShibataYusuke
en-aut-sei=Shibata
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EguchiJun
en-aut-sei=Eguchi
en-aut-mei=Jun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WadaJun
en-aut-sei=Wada
en-aut-mei=Jun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=PPARγ
kn-keyword=PPARγ
en-keyword=brown adipose tissue
kn-keyword=brown adipose tissue
en-keyword=thiazolidinediones
kn-keyword=thiazolidinediones
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=3
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=15
end-page=27
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230331
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Feelings of "Meiwaku / Burden" as a Interaction: A Reflection Based on a Gift-giving Theoretic Approach
kn-title=相互行為としての〈迷惑〉意識：贈与論的アプローチからの考察
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This paper examines elderly people’s Feelings of "Meiwaku / Burden" from the perspective of the act of gift-giving. In Japanese, the word "Morau" is used not only in receiving a concrete object, but also in having something done by someone. Both acts lead to the human relationship and the reciprocity. Both cases can cause a burden on receivers and others. We use then “Sumimasen”. This is not as the same as English words “Thank You”. But this usage of Japanese can be explained from a Gift-giving-theoretic point of view. Because, in terms of the outcome, they are the same thing from this theory. Therefore, we will examine the meaning of the word "receive" based on discussions by Kunio Yanagida, Michizo Toida, Ruth Benedict, Marcel Mauss, and others. We hope to clarify what is elderly people’s Feelings of "Meiwaku / Burden" by analyzing the meaning of human relationships brought about by the act of gift-giving in general.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SUZUKIRyozo
en-aut-sei=SUZUKI
en-aut-mei=Ryozo
kn-aut-name=鈴木亮三
kn-aut-sei=鈴木
kn-aut-mei=亮三
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科
en-keyword=gift-giving theory
kn-keyword=gift-giving theory
en-keyword=Feelings of "Meiwaku / Burden"
kn-keyword=Feelings of "Meiwaku / Burden"
en-keyword=human relationships
kn-keyword=human relationships
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=18
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=e0283701
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230331
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Identification of illness representational patterns and examining differences of self-care behavior in the patterns in chronic kidney disease
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Self-care behavior is considered important for preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although lifestyle interventions are popular, they have not been sufficiently effective. According to studies on other chronic diseases, illness representation has been found to formulate a pattern, and self-care behavior could differ depending on the pattern, which suggests difference in self-care behavior based on illness representation. This study examined what kind of illness representational patterns exist among CKD patients and whether there is a difference in self-care behavior depending on the pattern. A survey was conducted from the beginning of June to the end of October 2019 on 274 CKD patients who were either outpatients or hospitalized at general hospitals in Western Japan. The Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised was used to assess illness representation and the Japanese Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Care scale was used to assess self-care behavior. Two-stage cluster analysis was used to identify clusters. Cluster features were examined using analysis of variance and Tukey HSD tests. Differences in self-care behavior scores among identified clusters were investigated. Two hundred and forty-four questionnaires were received, and 212 were analyzed. Participants were aged 64.9 +/- 12.9, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate was 33.7 +/- 15.8. Three clusters were identified: Cluster 1 represented the difficulty of making sense of the changed condition caused by the disease and easily falling into misunderstanding; Cluster 2 represented patients with disease conditions that impacted their daily life and emotional responses; Cluster 3 represented the controllability and understandability of the disease. Total self-care behavior scores indicated a significant difference between Cluster 1 (52.1 +/- 9.7) and Cluster 3 (57.7 +/- 8.2). In conclusion, we showed that three representational patterns exist among CKD patients. In addition, a difference was found in self-care behavior depending on the illness representational pattern, suggesting the need to focus on illness representation.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KajiwaraYuki
en-aut-sei=Kajiwara
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MorimotoMichiko
en-aut-sei=Morimoto
en-aut-mei=Michiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=77
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=139
end-page=145
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=202304
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Prolonged Sedentary Bouts Are Critically Involved in All-Cause Mortality in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis: A Prospective Cohort Study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We investigated the link between prolonged sedentary bouts and all-cause mortality in patients on chronic hemodialysis, using a prospective cohort. A total of 104 outpatients on chronic hemodialysis from 2013 to 2019, aged 71.4±11.4 years, were enrolled. Prolonged sedentary bouts (≥ 30 min and ≥60 min) (min and bouts) and relative prolonged sedentary bouts (≥ 30 min and ≥ 60 min) (%) on the patients’ non-hemodialysis days were measured by a tri-accelerometer, and we also analyzed the patients’ clinical parameters. The relationship between prolonged sedentary bouts and all-cause mortality was evaluated by a survival analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model. Thirty-five patients died during the follow-up period. A Kaplan-Meier analysis detected significant differences in the survival rate between two groups stratified by the median for all prolonged sedentary-bout parameters. After the adjustment for confounding factors, all of the prolonged sedentary-bout parameters were determinant factors for all-cause mortality. These results indicate that prolonged sedentary bouts on non-hemodialysis days were closely related to all-cause mortality in the patients
on hemodialysis.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NamioKeiichi
en-aut-sei=Namio
en-aut-mei=Keiichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KondoTakashi
en-aut-sei=Kondo
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyatakeNobuyuki
en-aut-sei=Miyatake
en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HishiiShuhei
en-aut-sei=Hishii
en-aut-mei=Shuhei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiHiroyuki
en-aut-sei=Nishi
en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatayamaAkihiko
en-aut-sei=Katayama
en-aut-mei=Akihiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UjikeKazuhiro
en-aut-sei=Ujike
en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SuzukiHiromi
en-aut-sei=Suzuki
en-aut-mei=Hiromi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KoumotoKiichi
en-aut-sei=Koumoto
en-aut-mei=Kiichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Innoshima General Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Innoshima General Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Faculty of Social Studies, Shikokugakuin University
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Innoshima General Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Innoshima General Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=sedentary bout
kn-keyword=sedentary bout
en-keyword=mortality
kn-keyword=mortality
en-keyword=hemodialysis
kn-keyword=hemodialysis
en-keyword=survival analysis
kn-keyword=survival analysis
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=233
end-page=244
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Characteristics of Music Teachers’ Eyes on Recorder Performance -A Preliminary Experiment Using a Video Survey with an Eye Tracker-
kn-title=リコーダー演奏に対する音楽教師の視線の特徴 ―アイトラッカーを用いた動画調査による予備実験―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=This study clarified the characteristics of what expert music teachers see in learners through an analysis of the teacher's gaze when the learners are playing the recorder. In this preliminary experiment, 20 subjects (10 music specialists, 2 elementary school teachers specializing in music, and 8 university students) were fitted with an eye tracker and asked to watch a video of a recorder playing scene as a stimulus. The results showed that (1) the subjects tended to pay attention to inexperienced performances, (2) music specialists and elementary school teachers tended to focus their gaze on the "hand" or "face," and (3) although the gaze of music specialists and elementary school teachers was focused on the "hand" or "face," the contents of the instructional advice included many other contents. It was also suggested that the gaze may not be dominant when capturing the performer.
kn-abstract=本研究は，音楽熟達教師は学習者の何をいかに見ているのか，リコーダー演奏場面に対する教師の視線分析を通してその特徴について明らかにしたものである。今回は予備実験として，リコーダー演奏場面の動画を刺激として用い，被験者20 名（音楽専門家10 名，音楽専門の小学校教師２名，大学生８名）を対象にアイトラッカーを装着して動画の視聴調査を実施した。その結果，（１）被験者は未熟な演奏に対して注視する傾向にあること，（２）音楽専門家と小学校教師は「手元」または「顔」に視線が集中する傾向があること，一方で（３）音楽専門家と小学校教師の視線は，「手元」または「顔」に視線が集中するものの，指導助言の言及内容にはそれ以外の内容も多く含まれていることが明らかとなった。また，演奏者を捉えるときには，視線が優位ではない場合があることが示唆された。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HayakawaRinko
en-aut-sei=Hayakawa
en-aut-mei=Rinko
kn-aut-name=早川倫子
kn-aut-sei=早川
kn-aut-mei=倫子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ImotoMiho
en-aut-sei=Imoto
en-aut-mei=Miho
kn-aut-name=井本美穂
kn-aut-sei=井本
kn-aut-mei=美穂
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KoyamaNoriko
en-aut-sei=Koyama
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=古山典子
kn-aut-sei=古山
kn-aut-mei=典子
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OgawaYoko
en-aut-sei=Ogawa
en-aut-mei=Yoko
kn-aut-name=小川容子
kn-aut-sei=小川
kn-aut-mei=容子
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SasakuraMariko
en-aut-sei=Sasakura
en-aut-mei=Mariko
kn-aut-name=笹倉万里子
kn-aut-sei=笹倉
kn-aut-mei=万里子
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University of Science
kn-affil=岡山理科大学教育学部

affil-num=3
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Fukuyama City University
kn-affil=福山市立大学教育学部

affil-num=4
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域

affil-num=5
en-affil=Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院自然科学学域
en-keyword=リコーダー指導
kn-keyword=リコーダー指導
en-keyword=音楽教師
kn-keyword=音楽教師
en-keyword=ワザ
kn-keyword=ワザ
en-keyword=視線解析
kn-keyword=視線解析
en-keyword=身体知
kn-keyword=身体知
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=182
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=11
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230224
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Impact of Team Leadership in University Club Activities: What Leaders Can Do to Create Vibrant Teams
kn-title=大学部活動におけるチームリーダーシップの影響―“ 活気あるチームづくり”のためにリーダーにできること ―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=本研究では，学生が主体的に参加・運営する大学部活動をチームととらえ，その活性化に寄与するチームリーダーシップの影響を検討した。リーダーシップの発揮主体として，部長・キャプテン等の役職者に着目し，先行研究の議論を参考に測定項目を作成した。また“活気あるチーム”の状態をとらえる指標として，Hackman（1987）のチームの効果性の枠組みを基に，集団効力感，心理的安全性，活動意欲，活動満足感の４つを採用した。質問紙調査により，部活動に所属する大学生109名から有効回答が得られた。分析の結果，チームリーダーシップの「建設的な後押し」は集団効力感と活動満足感，「メンバーの意見尊重」は全ての指標を促進する効果を示した。また，「コミュニケーションの促進」は，「メンバーの意見尊重」が集団効力感と心理的安全性を高める機能の下支えをしていることが示唆された。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MisawaRyo
en-aut-sei=Misawa
en-aut-mei=Ryo
kn-aut-name=三沢良
kn-aut-sei=三沢
kn-aut-mei=良
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiYoko
en-aut-sei=Nishi
en-aut-mei=Yoko
kn-aut-name=西陽子
kn-aut-sei=西
kn-aut-mei=陽子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域

affil-num=2
en-affil=株式会社ドコモCS中国　総務部
kn-affil=
en-keyword=大学部活動
kn-keyword=大学部活動
en-keyword=チームリーダーシップ
kn-keyword=チームリーダーシップ
en-keyword=チームの効果性
kn-keyword=チームの効果性
en-keyword=活気あるチームづくり
kn-keyword=活気あるチームづくり
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=8
article-no=
start-page=5367
end-page=5381
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230213
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Convergent evolution of animal and microbial rhodopsins
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Rhodopsins, a family of photoreceptive membrane proteins, contain retinal as a chromophore and were firstly identified as reddish pigments from frog retina in 1876. Since then, rhodopsin-like proteins have been identified mainly from animal eyes. In 1971, a rhodopsin-like pigment was discovered from the archaeon Halobacterium salinarum and named bacteriorhodopsin. While it was believed that rhodopsin- and bacteriorhodopsin-like proteins were expressed only in animal eyes and archaea, respectively, before the 1990s, a variety of rhodopsin-like proteins (called animal rhodopsins or opsins) and bacteriorhodopsin-like proteins (called microbial rhodopsins) have been progressively identified from various tissues of animals and microorganisms, respectively. Here, we comprehensively introduce the research conducted on animal and microbial rhodopsins. Recent analysis has revealed that the two rhodopsin families have common molecular properties, such as the protein structure (i.e., 7-transmembrane structure), retinal structure (i.e., binding ability to cis- and trans-retinal), color sensitivity (i.e., UV- and visible-light sensitivities), and photoreaction (i.e., triggering structural changes by light and heat), more than what was expected at the early stages of rhodopsin research. Contrastingly, their molecular functions are distinctively different (e.g., G protein-coupled receptors and photoisomerases for animal rhodopsins and ion transporters and phototaxis sensors for microbial rhodopsins). Therefore, based on their similarities and dissimilarities, we propose that animal and microbial rhodopsins have convergently evolved from their distinctive origins as multi-colored retinal-binding membrane proteins whose activities are regulated by light and heat but independently evolved for different molecular and physiological functions in the cognate organism.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KojimaKeiichi
en-aut-sei=Kojima
en-aut-mei=Keiichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SudoYuki
en-aut-sei=Sudo
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=62
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=365
end-page=371
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230201
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Actual Telemedicine Needs of Japanese Patients with Neurological Disorders in the COVID-19 Pandemic
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Objective During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many social activities have moved online using applications for digital devices (e.g. computers, smartphones). We investigated the needs of telemedicine and trends in medical status and social care situations of Japanese patients with neurological disorders in order to estimate their affinity for an online telemedicine application. Methods We designed an original questionnaire for the present study that asked participants what problems they had with hospital visits, how the COVID-19 pandemic had affected their lives, and whether or not they would like to receive telemedicine.Patients The present study included volunteer caregivers, participants with Parkinson's disease (PD), epiamyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), headache, myopathy, and other neurological diseases from Okayama University Hospital. Results A total of 29.6% of patients wanted to use telemedicine. Patients with ultheadaches (60.0%) and epilepsy (38.1%) were more likely to want to use telemedicine than patients with PD (17.8%) or stroke (19.0%). Almost 90% of patients had access to a digital device, and there was no association between favoring telemedicine, ownership of a digital device, hospital visiting time, or waiting time at the hospital, although age was associated with motivation to telemedicine use (52.6 vs. 62.2 years old, p < 0.001). Conclusion We can contribute to the management of the COVID-19 pandemic and the medical economy by promoting telemedicine, especially for young patients with headaches or epilepsy.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SasakiRyo
en-aut-sei=Sasaki
en-aut-mei=Ryo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YunokiTaijun
en-aut-sei=Yunoki
en-aut-mei=Taijun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakanoYumiko
en-aut-sei=Nakano
en-aut-mei=Yumiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FukuiYusuke
en-aut-sei=Fukui
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakemotoMami
en-aut-sei=Takemoto
en-aut-mei=Mami
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MoriharaRyuta
en-aut-sei=Morihara
en-aut-mei=Ryuta
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AbeKoji
en-aut-sei=Abe
en-aut-mei=Koji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamashitaToru
en-aut-sei=Yamashita
en-aut-mei=Toru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=telemedicine
kn-keyword=telemedicine
en-keyword=neurological disorder
kn-keyword=neurological disorder
en-keyword=COVID-19
kn-keyword=COVID-19
en-keyword=headache
kn-keyword=headache
en-keyword=epilepsy
kn-keyword=epilepsy
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=16
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=960607
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230112
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A method for reconstruction of interpretable brain networks from transient synchronization in resting-state BOLD fluctuations
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Resting-state (rs) fMRI has been widely used to examine brain-wide large-scale spatiotemporal architectures, known as resting-state networks (RSNs). Recent studies have focused on the temporally evolving characteristics of RSNs, but it is unclear what temporal characteristics are reflected in the networks. To address this issue, we devised a novel method for voxel-based visualization of spatiotemporal characteristics of rs-fMRI with a time scale of tens of seconds. We first extracted clusters of dominant activity-patterns using a region-of-interest approach and then used these temporal patterns of the clusters to obtain voxel-based activation patterns related to the clusters. We found that activation patterns related to the clusters temporally evolved with a characteristic temporal structure and showed mutual temporal alternations over minutes. The voxel-based representation allowed the decoding of activation patterns of the clusters in rs-fMRI using a meta-analysis of functional activations. The activation patterns of the clusters were correlated with behavioral measures. Taken together, our analysis highlights a novel approach to examine brain activity dynamics during rest.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NoroYusuke
en-aut-sei=Noro
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LiRuixiang
en-aut-sei=Li
en-aut-mei=Ruixiang
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsuiTeppei
en-aut-sei=Matsui
en-aut-mei=Teppei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=JimuraKoji
en-aut-sei=Jimura
en-aut-mei=Koji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Informatics, Gunma University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=resting-state fMRI
kn-keyword=resting-state fMRI
en-keyword=task fMRI
kn-keyword=task fMRI
en-keyword=temporal dynamics
kn-keyword=temporal dynamics
en-keyword=individual difference
kn-keyword=individual difference
en-keyword=Human Connectome Project
kn-keyword=Human Connectome Project
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=24
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=15
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202212
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Comment on Case ― What is the Serious Illegality ? ―
kn-title=緊急逮捕手続書の虚偽記載が重大な違法にあたるとされた事例 ―山形地裁令和4年2月21日判決―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KouraMiho
en-aut-sei=Koura
en-aut-mei=Miho
kn-aut-name=小浦美保
kn-aut-sei=小浦
kn-aut-mei=美保
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院法務学域
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=126
cd-vols=
no-issue=38
article-no=
start-page=7212
end-page=7228
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220915
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Roles of the Flexible Primary Coordination Sphere of the Mn4CaOx Cluster: What Are the Immediate Decay Products of the S-3 State?
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The primary coordination sphere of the multinuclear cofactor (Mn4CaOx) in the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of photosystem II is absolutely conserved to maintain its structure and function. Recent time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography identified large reorganization of the primary coordination sphere in the S-2 to S-3 transition, which elicits a cascade of events involving Mn oxidation and water molecule binding to a putative catalytic Mn site. We examined how the crystallographic fields, created by transient conformational states of the OEC at various time points, affect the thermodynamics of various isomers of the Mn cluster using DFT calculations, with an aim of comprehending the functional roles of the flexible primary coordination sphere in the S-2 to S-3 transition and in the recovery of the S-2 state. The results show that the relative movements of surrounding residues change the size and shape of the cavity of the cluster and thereby affect the thermodynamics of various catalytic intermediates as well as the ability to capture a new water molecule at a coordinatively unsaturated site. The implication of these findings is that the protein dynamics may serve to gate the catalytic reaction efficiently by controlling the sequence of Mn oxidation/reduction and water binding/release. This interpretation is consistent with EPR experiments; g similar to 5 and g similar to 3 signals obtained after near-infrared (NIR) excitation of the S-3 state at 4 K and a g similar to 5 only signal produced after prolonged incubation of the S-3 state at 77 K can be best explained as originating from water-bound S-2 clusters (S-total = 7/2) under a S-3 ligand field, i.e., the immediate one-electron reduction products of the oxyl-oxo (S-total = 6) and hydroxo-oxo (S-total = 3) species in the S-3 state.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IsobeHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Isobe
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShojiMitsuo
en-aut-sei=Shoji
en-aut-mei=Mitsuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SuzukiTakayoshi
en-aut-sei=Suzuki
en-aut-mei=Takayoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren
en-aut-sei=Shen
en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamaguchiKizashi
en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi
en-aut-mei=Kizashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Center for Computational Science, University of Tsukuba,
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Institute for NanoScience Design, Osaka University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=577
end-page=584
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Hip Function Was Not Associated with the Incidence of Preoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients Undergoing Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The prevalence of preoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been reported to be relatively high in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. We investigated the prevalence of DVT, the association between hip function and preoperative DVT, and the effect of a history of surgery in patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty. We retrospectively analyzed the cases of the patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty between April 2013 and February 2020 at our institution. We evaluated the prevalence of preoperative DVT based on the results of the patients’ ultrasound screening. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to investigate the association between the incidence of DVT and patient factors including age, sex, hip function, medical histories, and American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification. We analyzed 451 patients (494 hips). The prevalence of DVT was 14.2% (64 patients). The multivariate analysis demonstrated that increased age was an independent significant risk factor for DVT. The prevalence of preoperative DVT was relatively high among patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty. Preoperative DVT tended to be more prevalent in older patients. Hip function was not associated with the incidence of DVT.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OkutaniYuki
en-aut-sei=Okutani
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujitaHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Fujita
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HaradaHideto
en-aut-sei=Harada
en-aut-mei=Hideto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KataokaMasanao
en-aut-sei=Kataoka
en-aut-mei=Masanao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MurotaniYoshiki
en-aut-sei=Murotani
en-aut-mei=Yoshiki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShimizuYu
en-aut-sei=Shimizu
en-aut-mei=Yu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto Katsura Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Center for Hip and Knee reconstruction, Rakuyo Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto Katsura Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto Katsura Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto City Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=total hip arthroplasty
kn-keyword=total hip arthroplasty
en-keyword=deep vein thrombosis
kn-keyword=deep vein thrombosis
en-keyword=hip function
kn-keyword=hip function
en-keyword=ultrasound screening
kn-keyword=ultrasound screening
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=557
end-page=564
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Correlation between Mean Arterial Pressure and Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation on Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Some pediatric cardiac patients might experience low regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) during surgery. We investigated whether a pediatric patient’s mean arterial pressure (MAP) can affect the rSO2 value during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We retrospectively analyzed the cases of the pediatric patients who underwentcardiac surgery at our hospital (Jan. –Dec. 2019; n=141). At each MAP stage, we constructed line charts through the mean of the rSO2 values corresponding to each MAP and then calculated the correlation coefficients. We next divided the patients into age subgroups (neonates, infants, children) and into cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) and acyanotic CHD groups and analyzed these groups in the same way. The analyses of all 141 patients revealed that during CPB the rSO2 value increased with an increase in MAP (r=0.1626). There was a correlation between rSO2 and MAP in the children (r=0.2720) but not in the neonates (r=0.06626) or infants (r=0.05260). Cyanotic CHD or acyanotic CHD did not have a significant effect on the rSO2/MAP correlation. Our analysis demonstrated different patterns of a correlation between MAP and rSO2 in pediatric cardiac surgery patients, depending on age. MAP was positively correlated with rSO2 typically in children but not in neonate or infant patients.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=PanYu
en-aut-sei=Pan
en-aut-mei=Yu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SongQingqing
en-aut-sei=Song
en-aut-mei=Qingqing
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KanazawaTomoyuki
en-aut-sei=Kanazawa
en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Morimatsu
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=mean arterial pressure
kn-keyword=mean arterial pressure
en-keyword=cerebral oxygen saturation
kn-keyword=cerebral oxygen saturation
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=503
end-page=510
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Viral Sequences Are Repurposed for Controlling Antiviral Responses as Non-Retroviral Endogenous Viral Elements
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Eukaryotic genomes contain numerous copies of endogenous viral elements (EVEs), most of which are considered endogenous retrovirus (ERV) sequences. Over the past decade, non-retroviral endogenous viral elements (nrEVEs) derived from ancient RNA viruses have been discovered. Several functions have been proposed for these elements, including antiviral defense. This review summarizes the current understanding of nrEVEs derived from RNA viruses, particularly endogenous bornavirus-like elements (EBLs) and endogenous filovirus-like elements (EFLs). EBLs are one of the most extensively studied nrEVEs. The EBL derived from bornavirus nucleoprotein (EBLN) is thought to function as a non-coding RNA or protein that regulates host gene expression or inhibits virus propagation. Ebolavirus and marburgvirus, which are filoviruses, induce severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates. Although the ecology of filoviruses remains unclear, bats are believed to be potential reservoirs. Based on the knowledge from EBLs, it is postulated that EFLs in the bat genome help to maintain the balance between filovirus infection and the bat’s defense system, which may partially explain why bats act as potential reservoirs. Further research into the functions of nrEVEs could reveal novel antiviral systems and inspire novel antiviral approaches.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OgawaHirohito
en-aut-sei=Ogawa
en-aut-mei=Hirohito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HondaTomoyuki
en-aut-sei=Honda
en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=EVE
kn-keyword=EVE
en-keyword=nrEVE
kn-keyword=nrEVE
en-keyword=bornavirus
kn-keyword=bornavirus
en-keyword=filovirus
kn-keyword=filovirus
en-keyword=antiviral
kn-keyword=antiviral
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=28
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=29
end-page=38
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220322
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=算数の事象を統合的•発展的に捉えて問題設定する方略一What if Not方略の援用を通して一
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=変動の激しい時代を見据えて算数科では「数学的な見方・考え方を働かせ、数学的活動を通して、数学的に考える」という方向性が示されている。その実現に向け「事象を数理的に捉え、数学の問題を見いだし、自立的、協働的に解決し、解決過程を振り返る」という問題発見・解決の過程が提言されている。変革の時代では、変化し続ける事象で何が問題かを見つける力が重要であり、算数の授業においても、問題発見力を育むことが不可欠である。ところが問題発見は軽視されがちで、問題設定は、教師主導で教科書通りの日常事象を数理化する問題設定が大半で、子どもが「算数の事象を統合的•発展的に捉えて問題発見する」という授業研究は進んでいない。算数は指導の系統性を重視する教科である。ゼロベースではなく、既習事項を基礎にして算数の事象を統合の観点から発展的に関わり、子ども自らが「問題発見・設定する授業」を探究することが喫緊の課題である。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=黒崎東洋郎
kn-aut-sei=黒崎
kn-aut-mei=東洋郎
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=杉能道明
kn-aut-sei=杉能
kn-aut-mei=道明
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=宮崎唯
kn-aut-sei=宮崎
kn-aut-mei=唯
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学名誉教授

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=ノートルダム清心女子大学

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部附属小学校
en-keyword=統合的・発展的
kn-keyword=統合的・発展的
en-keyword=問題設定
kn-keyword=問題設定
en-keyword=足場作り
kn-keyword=足場作り
en-keyword=what if not方略
kn-keyword=what if not方略
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=180
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=69
end-page=80
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220826
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Five-year-old children growing indigo plant and dyeing with the indigo as daily activity at a certified child center ―What children and childcare workers have learned through the activity associated with the “Environment”―
kn-title=認定こども園５歳児学級における藍の栽培と染色による保育実践―領域「環境」に関わる子どもの学びと保育者の捉え―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=本論では，天然素材（植物染料）の藍を園内で子どもが栽培する活動や，藍染めの驚きや感動，面白さを味わいながら制作物を生活に取り入れる保育実践を行うとともに，その教育的な意義や価値を検討した。その結果，子ども自らが藍を育て，育てた藍葉を用いた藍染め活動を行うことは，領域「環境」や，「幼児期の終わりまでに育ってほしい姿」の「自然との関わり・生命尊重」の観点から見て，子どもにいくつもの感動や学びを与え，保育の教材として大きな価値を持つと考えられた。今後も，草木染めの中でも，藍染めにしかない魅力や特性に着目した保育実践の意義について検討し，保育現場に発信していきたい。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=BabaNoriko
en-aut-sei=Baba
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=馬場訓子
kn-aut-sei=馬場
kn-aut-mei=訓子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakahashiKei
en-aut-sei=Takahashi
en-aut-mei=Kei
kn-aut-name=髙橋慧
kn-aut-sei=髙橋
kn-aut-mei=慧
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeYuzo
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Yuzo
kn-aut-name=渡邊祐三
kn-aut-sei=渡邊
kn-aut-mei=祐三
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域

affil-num=2
en-affil=The Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University
kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部

affil-num=3
en-affil=Minan Manmaru childcare center
kn-affil=御南まんまるこども園
en-keyword=保育施設
kn-keyword=保育施設
en-keyword=５歳児学級
kn-keyword=５歳児学級
en-keyword=藍
kn-keyword=藍
en-keyword=染色
kn-keyword=染色
en-keyword=領域「環境」
kn-keyword=領域「環境」
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=423
end-page=428
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202208
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Effects of Exercise Therapy and Nutrition Therapy on Patients with Possible Malnutrition and Sarcopenia in a Recovery Rehabilitation Ward
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We compared the effects of an exercise intervention with that of exercise combined with nutrition therapy in patients with possible malnutrition and sarcopenia admitted to a recovery rehabilitation ward, and we examined the differences in the patients’ physical function and activities of daily living (ADLs). There were 16 patients in the Exercise group with exercise therapy and ADL exercises, and 14 patients in the Combined intervention group with exercise therapy, ADL exercises, and nutrition therapy. The survey items were body weight, body mass index, grip strength, lower-leg circumference, gait speed, and ADLs, each of which was measured at the baseline and at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and at discharge. Significant improvements in grip strength were observed in the Combined intervention group as follows: at 4 weeks>at 2 weeks (p<0.05), and at discharge>baseline and 2 weeks (p<0.05). There were no significant changes in the Exercise group, and an interaction was recognized in both groups. Comprehensive rehabilitation including nutrition therapy is necessary for patients with possible malnutrition and/or sarcopenia, as our results indicate that nutrition therapy in addition to exercise therapy has the effect of promoting improvements of physical function in such patients.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TakahashiSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Takahashi
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KushibeTakuya
en-aut-sei=Kushibe
en-aut-mei=Takuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AkezakiYoshiteru
en-aut-sei=Akezaki
en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HoriikeNorio
en-aut-sei=Horiike
en-aut-mei=Norio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saiseikai Imabari Daini Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saiseikai Imabari Daini Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Division of Physical Therapy, Kochi Professional University of Rehabilitation
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Saiseikai Imabari Daini Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=sarcopenia
kn-keyword=sarcopenia
en-keyword=rehabilitation
kn-keyword=rehabilitation
en-keyword=exercise therapy
kn-keyword=exercise therapy
en-keyword=nutrition therapy
kn-keyword=nutrition therapy
en-keyword=grip strength
kn-keyword=grip strength
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=409
end-page=414
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202208
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Postoperative Urinary Retention in Japanese Elderly Males with a Femoral Neck or Trochanteric Fracture
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We assessed risk factors for postoperative urinary retention (UR) in elderly males with femoral bone fractures: 169 Japanese males (mean age 81.95 ± 1.19 years) who had undergone hip surgery at a municipal hospital (Toyama, Japan). A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to test possible risk factors for UR: age, body mass index, serum albumin, cognitive impairment, activities of daily living (ADL), and history of diabetes mellitus (DM). UR occurred in 24 (14.2%) of the 169 patients. A multivariate logistic regression analysis with age adjustment showed that ADL (odds ratio [OR] 3.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-12.5, p=0.023) was significantly associated with the development of UR, and a history of DM showed marginal significance for UR occurrence (OR 0.36, 95%CI: 0.11-10, p=0.064). These results suggests that ADL is a risk factor for UR development in elderly males who have undergone surgery for femoral neck or trochanter fractures.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HigashikawaToshihiro
en-aut-sei=Higashikawa
en-aut-mei=Toshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShigemotoKenji
en-aut-sei=Shigemoto
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=GoshimaKenichi
en-aut-sei=Goshima
en-aut-mei=Kenichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IwaiShintarou
en-aut-sei=Iwai
en-aut-mei=Shintarou
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MoriyamaManabu
en-aut-sei=Moriyama
en-aut-mei=Manabu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UsudaDaisuke
en-aut-sei=Usuda
en-aut-mei=Daisuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HangyouMasahiro
en-aut-sei=Hangyou
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=InujimaHiromi
en-aut-sei=Inujima
en-aut-mei=Hiromi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NozakiKakeru
en-aut-sei=Nozaki
en-aut-mei=Kakeru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamaguchiMiyako
en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi
en-aut-mei=Miyako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UsudaKimiko
en-aut-sei=Usuda
en-aut-mei=Kimiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakahashiTakeshi
en-aut-sei=Nakahashi
en-aut-mei=Takeshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsumotoTadami
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei=Tadami
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=13
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakashimaShigeki
en-aut-sei=Takashima
en-aut-mei=Shigeki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=14
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KandaTsugiyasu
en-aut-sei=Kanda
en-aut-mei=Tsugiyasu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=15
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HoriiTakeshi
en-aut-sei=Horii
en-aut-mei=Takeshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=16
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkuroMasashi
en-aut-sei=Okuro
en-aut-mei=Masashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=17
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SawaguchiTakeshi
en-aut-sei=Sawaguchi
en-aut-mei=Takeshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=18
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University Himi Municipal Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopedics and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Orthopedics and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Orthopedics and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Urology, Kanazawa Medical University Himi Municipal Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Toyama Municipal Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Toyama Municipal Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Toyama Municipal Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Toyama Municipal Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Toyama Municipal Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
kn-affil=

affil-num=13
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
kn-affil=

affil-num=14
en-affil=Kanazawa Medical University
kn-affil=

affil-num=15
en-affil=Kanazawa Medical University
kn-affil=

affil-num=16
en-affil=Department of Orthopedics and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=17
en-affil=Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University
kn-affil=

affil-num=18
en-affil=Department of Orthopedics and Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=elderly
kn-keyword=elderly
en-keyword=femoral bone fracture
kn-keyword=femoral bone fracture
en-keyword=albumin
kn-keyword=albumin
en-keyword=urinary retention
kn-keyword=urinary retention
en-keyword=activities of daily living
kn-keyword=activities of daily living
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=265
end-page=271
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202206
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Impact of Medical Students Teaching Basic Life Support to Laypersons
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Basic life support (BLS) courses for laypersons, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training, is known to improve outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac events. We asked medical students to provide BLS training for laypersons as a part of their emergency medicine education and evaluated the effects of training on the BLS skills of laypersons. We also used a questionnaire to determine whether the medical students who provided the BLS training were themselves more confident and motivated to perform BLS compared to students who did not provide BLS training. The proportions of laypersons who reported confidence in checking for a response, performing chest compressions, and automated external defibrillator (AED) use were significantly increased after the BLS training. The proportions of medical students who reported increased confidence/motivation in terms of understanding BLS, checking for a response, chest compression, use of AED, and willingness to perform BLS were significantly greater among medical students who provided BLS instructions compared to those who did not. BLS instruction by medical students was associated with an improvement in laypersons’ CPR accuracy and confidence in responding to cardiac arrest. The results indicate that medical students could gain understanding, confidence, and motivation in regard to their BLS skills by teaching BLS to laypersons.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KosakiYoshinori
en-aut-sei=Kosaki
en-aut-mei=Yoshinori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi
en-aut-sei=Naito
en-aut-mei=Hiromichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IidaAtsuyoshi
en-aut-sei=Iida
en-aut-mei=Atsuyoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IhoriyaHiromi
en-aut-sei=Ihoriya
en-aut-mei=Hiromi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NojimaTsuyoshi
en-aut-sei=Nojima
en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamadaTaihei
en-aut-sei=Yamada
en-aut-mei=Taihei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoHirotsugu
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Hirotsugu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamuraShunsuke
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Shunsuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MandaiYasuhiro
en-aut-sei=Mandai
en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori
en-aut-sei=Nakao
en-aut-mei=Atsunori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, The JIKEI University
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=BLS
kn-keyword=BLS
en-keyword=medical education
kn-keyword=medical education
en-keyword=emergency medicine
kn-keyword=emergency medicine
en-keyword=resuscitation
kn-keyword=resuscitation
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=235
end-page=245
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202206
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Roles of Transmembrane Protein 97 (TMEM97) in Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The combination of sarcopenia and obesity (sarcopenic obesity) is associated with the development of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular events. The molecular pathways that develop sarcopenic obesity have studied intensively. Transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97) is 176 amino acids conserved integral membrane protein with four transmembrane domains that is expressed in several types of cancer. Its physiological significance in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle has been unclear. We studied TMEM97-transgenic mice and mice lacking TMEM97, and our findings indicate that TMEM97 expression is regulated in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle from obesity. TMEM97 represses adipogenesis and promotes myogenesis in vitro. Fat-specific TMEM97 transgenic mice showed systemic insulin resistance. Mice overexpressing TMEM97 in skeletal muscle exhibited systemic insulin resistance. Mice lacking TMEM97 were protected against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. These phenotypes are associated with the effects of TMEM97 on inflammation genes in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Our findings indicates that there is a link between TMEM97 and chronic inflammation in obesity.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TentaMasafumi
en-aut-sei=Tenta
en-aut-mei=Masafumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EguchiJun
en-aut-sei=Eguchi
en-aut-mei=Jun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WadaJun
en-aut-sei=Wada
en-aut-mei=Jun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=adipose tissue
kn-keyword=adipose tissue
en-keyword=skeletal muscle
kn-keyword=skeletal muscle
en-keyword=obesity
kn-keyword=obesity
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=195
end-page=202
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202204
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Safety and Effectiveness of Perospirone in Comparison to Risperidone for Treatment of Delirium in Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study in Real-World Psycho-Oncology Settings
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The clinical benefit of perospirone for treatment of delirium in patients with advanced cancer is not sufficiently clear. The objective of this study was to compare the safety and effectiveness of perospirone to those of risperidone for the treatment of delirium in patients with advanced cancer. This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective observational study in nine psycho-oncology consultation services in Japan. The study used the Delirium Rating Scale (DRS) Revised-98 to measure effectiveness and the CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events) version 4 to assess safety. Data from 16 patients who received perospirone and 53 patients who received risperidone were analyzed. The mean age was 70 years in the perospirone group and 73 years in the risperidone group. Both groups showed a significant decrease in the total score of DRS-R-98 after three days of treatment (perospirone: 11.7 (7.9-15.4) to 7.0 (3.3-10.7), difference −4.7, effect size=0.72, p=0.003; risperidone: 15.5 (13.6-17.4) to 12.2 (10.1-14.2), difference −3.3, effect size=0.55, p=0.00). The risperidone group showed significant improvements in sleep-wake cycle disturbance, orientation, attention, and visuospatial ability. In the perospirone group, there was a significant improvement of sleep-wake cycle disturbance. The median daily dose of perospirone was 4 mg/day. There were fewer episodes of somnolence as an adverse event in the perospirone group. Low-dose perospirone was thus found to be effective for the treatment of delirium in patients with advanced cancer and may be associated with fewer episodes of over-sedation as an adverse event.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=InoueShinichiro
en-aut-sei=Inoue
en-aut-mei=Shinichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MaedaIsseki
en-aut-sei=Maeda
en-aut-mei=Isseki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OgawaAsao
en-aut-sei=Ogawa
en-aut-mei=Asao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshiuchiKazuhiro
en-aut-sei=Yoshiuchi
en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TeradaSeishi
en-aut-sei=Terada
en-aut-mei=Seishi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamadaNorihito
en-aut-sei=Yamada
en-aut-mei=Norihito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Palliative Care, Senri-Chuo Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Psycho-Oncology Service, National Cancer Center Hospital East
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Stress Sciences and Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=delirium
kn-keyword=delirium
en-keyword=cancer
kn-keyword=cancer
en-keyword=perospirone
kn-keyword=perospirone
en-keyword=risperidone
kn-keyword=risperidone
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=359
end-page=373
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Study of Online Practice Teaching in a Japanese Teacher Training Course: Developing Pedagogical Knowledge and Competence Required in Japanese Teaching
kn-title=日本語教育副専攻コースにおけるオンライン実習の試み ―日本語教師に求められる資質・能力の養成を目指して―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=This paper reports on a study of an online practice teaching course to develop pedagogical knowledge and competence required in teaching Japanese as a foreign language. The researcher analyzed reflective reports of Japanese teacher-trainees to examine 1)what they were aware of and learned from the online teaching practice, 2)what problems and issues there were that needed to be improved by utilizing the KJ method. The analysis shows that the teacher-trainees’ awareness and learning could be divided into six categories: 1)skills for designing lessons and teaching materials; 2)communication skills adjusted to the situation and the learner; 3)understanding learners' perspectives and backgrounds; 4)attitude as a language educator; and 5)mental self-control. In addition, difficulties and problems in implementation of the online practice teaching were also observed in t he same five categories.
kn-abstract=本稿は，日本語教育副専攻コースにおいて，日本語教師に求められる資質・能力を養うことを目的とし行ったオンラインによる教育実習の実践報告である。オンライン実習において，1）実習生がどのような気づきや学びを得たか，2）問題点や改善すべき課題は何か，の2 点について考察するため，実習生の振り返りレポートをKJ 法を用いて分析した。その結果，①授業・教材作りに関する技術，②状況・相手に応じたやり取りの技術，③学習者の視点・背景の理解，④言語教育者としての態度，⑤精神面のセルフコントロールの5つのカテゴリーに関する気づき・学びならびに実施上の問題が観察されることが分かった。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SueshigeMiwa
en-aut-sei=Sueshige
en-aut-mei=Miwa
kn-aut-name=末繁美和
kn-aut-sei=末繁
kn-aut-mei=美和
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Institute for Education and Student Services, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学 全学教育・学生支援機構
en-keyword=日本語教育副専攻コース(Japanese teacher training course)
kn-keyword=日本語教育副専攻コース(Japanese teacher training course)
en-keyword=教育実習(practice teaching)
kn-keyword=教育実習(practice teaching)
en-keyword=オンライン(online)
kn-keyword=オンライン(online)
en-keyword=振り返りレポート(reflective reports)
kn-keyword=振り返りレポート(reflective reports)
en-keyword=気づきと学び(awareness and learning)
kn-keyword=気づきと学び(awareness and learning)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=329
end-page=341
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Practical report of “Technical subject Teaching Methodology (Advanced I, Advanced II)” in Reiwa 3
kn-title=令和３年度「工業科教育法（応用Ⅰ，応用Ⅱ）」の実践報告
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=The "Technical subject Teaching Methodology (Advanced Ⅰ , Advanced II)" had students for the first time in the 3rd year of Reiwa, and two teachers gave classes. The purpose of this class is to equip students with the ability to teach subjects and to cultivate a wide range of knowledge about industry. For this reason, "what can be done", "what to learn", "how to learn", "how to support the development of each person", "what has been learned", and "implementation". We aimed to develop the ability to create lessons from the six perspectives of "what is needed for this". I would like to clarify the results and issues through the practice report and make improvements to imp rove the les sons from next year onwards.
kn-abstract=「工業科教育法（応用Ⅰ，応用Ⅱ）」は令和３年度に初めて受講生があり，２名の教員で授業を行った。この授業では，学生に教科指導力を身に付けさせるとともに，幅広く工業に関する知識を養うことを目的としている。このため，「何ができるようになるのか」「何を学ぶのか」「どのように学ぶのか」「一人一人の発達をどのように支援するのか」「何が身に付いたのか」「実施するために何が必要か」の６つの観点で，授業をつくり上げる力の育成を目指した。実践報告を通じて成果と課題を明確にし，改善を図ることで来年度以降の授業の充実に繋げたい。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KobayashiSeitaro
en-aut-sei=Kobayashi
en-aut-mei=Seitaro
kn-aut-name=小林清太郎
kn-aut-sei=小林
kn-aut-mei=清太郎
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AkagiKyogo
en-aut-sei=Akagi
en-aut-mei=Kyogo
kn-aut-name=赤木恭吾
kn-aut-sei=赤木
kn-aut-mei=恭吾
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Center for Teacher Education and Development, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学教師教育開発センター

affil-num=2
en-affil=Okayama University Academic Research Institute Education Department (Practice of teaching profession)
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域（教職実践）
en-keyword=何ができるようになるのか(What you will be able to do)
kn-keyword=何ができるようになるのか(What you will be able to do)
en-keyword=何を学ぶのか(what you will learn)
kn-keyword=何を学ぶのか(what you will learn)
en-keyword=どのように学ぶのか(how you will learn)
kn-keyword=どのように学ぶのか(how you will learn)
en-keyword=一人一人の発達をどのように支援するのか(how you will support the development of each student)
kn-keyword=一人一人の発達をどのように支援するのか(how you will support the development of each student)
en-keyword=何が身に付いたのか(what you have learned)
kn-keyword=何が身に付いたのか(what you have learned)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=257
end-page=269
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What are Relater with Subjective Well-being? The Relationship between Empathy and Self-acceptance to Make a Better Relationship with Others.
kn-title=主観的幸福感を高める共感性と自己受容性の関係 －他者とのよりよい関わりとは－
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=This study focused on empathy as a facilitator of relationships with others. Empathy has multiple aspects, such as being self-directed or other-directed. Previous research has shown that subjective well-being differs based on these directions. We considered whether self-acceptance is related to empathy, which increases subjective well-being. Therefore, we examined the relationship between empathy, self-acceptance, and subjective well-being among high school and college students. This multi-population analysis showed that, among college students, the willingness to understand others and empathize with them influenced subjective well-being. Furthermore, selfunderstanding of self-acceptance among high school students affected their ability to empathize, consequently increasing subjective well-being. In contrast, among college students, self-acceptance had no effect on empathy. These results are considered to be related to the differences in environment and development between high school and college students.
kn-abstract=本研究では他者との関わりを円滑にするものとして共感性に着目した。共感性には，自己指向的な共感，他者指向的な共感といった複数の側面がある。先行研究から，この指向性の違いにより主観的幸福感が違ってくることが示されている。本研究では，主観的幸福感を高める共感性に，自己受容性が関わっているのではないかと考えた。そこで，本研究では，共感性，自己受容性，主観的幸福感の関連を高校生と大学生を調査対象に検討した。分析の結果，高校生は，他者理解への意欲，他者への感情移入が主観的幸福感に影響していた。大学生は，他者理解への意欲が主観的幸福感に影響していた。さらに，主観的幸福感を高めるこれらの共感性に，高校生は自己受容性のうち自己理解が影響していた。一方，大学生は主観的幸福感を高める共感性に，自己受容性は影響していなかった。これらの結果には，高校生と大学生の環境の違いや発達差が関わっていることが考えられた。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=UmemotoNao
en-aut-sei=Umemoto
en-aut-mei=Nao
kn-aut-name=梅本菜央
kn-aut-sei=梅本
kn-aut-mei=菜央
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AokiTazuko
en-aut-sei=Aoki
en-aut-mei=Tazuko
kn-aut-name=青木多寿子
kn-aut-sei=青木
kn-aut-mei=多寿子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Education，Okayama University (Master Degree Course)
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域
en-keyword=共感性(Empathy)
kn-keyword=共感性(Empathy)
en-keyword=自己受容性(Self-acceptance)
kn-keyword=自己受容性(Self-acceptance)
en-keyword=主観的幸福感(Subjective Well-being)
kn-keyword=主観的幸福感(Subjective Well-being)
en-keyword=高校生(High-school Students)
kn-keyword=高校生(High-school Students)
en-keyword=大学生(College Students)
kn-keyword=大学生(College Students)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=243
end-page=255
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Research Trends and Issues Concerning Childcare Teachers’ Views on Childcare With a Focus on Differences in Childcare Experiences as Kindergarten Teachers and Nursery Teachers
kn-title=保育教諭の保育観に関する研究動向と課題―幼稚園教諭・保育所保育士としての保育経験の違いに着目して―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=After the revision of the Act on Child Education and Childcare Support, certified centers for early childhood education and care are increasing significantly, result in more cases of childcare teachers with various childcare experiences (kindergarten teachers and nursery teachers) working at the same center. With a focus on the differences in childcare experience among childcare teachers, this study discussed the research trends and issues concerning the views on childcare. An overview of previous researches categorized by content suggests that kindergarten teachers tend to emphasize educational elements and nursery teachers tend to emphasize nurturing elements in their views on childcare, whereas it became clear that there has not been sufficient study of what content and situations in different childcare experiences lead to differences in views on childcare. Since the sharing of views on childcare leads to the improvement of the quality of childcare, the aim of further studies is to clarify more detailed differences in the views of childcare teachers based on their childcare experience.
kn-abstract=『子ども・子育て支援法』改正以降，認定こども園は大幅に増加し，それに伴い様々な保育経験（幼稚園教諭・保育所保育士）をもった保育教諭が同じ園で勤務する状況も増えている。そこで本論では，保育教諭の保育経験の違いに着目し，保育観に関する研究動向と課題について考察した。先行研究を内容ごとに分類して概観すると，幼稚園教諭は教育的要素を，保育所保育士は養護的要素をもつ保育観をそれぞれに重視する傾向が示唆された。しかし，保育経験の違いがどのような保育内容や保育場面において保育観の相違をもたらすかについて十分な検討がされていないことが明らかになった。保育観の共有が保育の質の向上に繋がることから，保育経験による保育教諭の保育観の詳細な相違点を明らかにすることが今後の課題である。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HasuiKazuya
en-aut-sei=Hasui
en-aut-mei=Kazuya
kn-aut-name=蓮井和也
kn-aut-sei=蓮井
kn-aut-mei=和也
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakahiraAyako
en-aut-sei=Nakahira
en-aut-mei=Ayako
kn-aut-name=中平絢子
kn-aut-sei=中平
kn-aut-mei=絢子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakahashiToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Takahashi
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=高橋敏之
kn-aut-sei=高橋
kn-aut-mei=敏之
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatayamaMika
en-aut-sei=Katayama
en-aut-mei=Mika
kn-aut-name=片山美香
kn-aut-sei=片山
kn-aut-mei=美香
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Kojo Certified Center for Early childhood Education and Care, Okayama City
kn-affil=岡山市興除認定こども園

affil-num=2
en-affil=Kojo Certified Center for Early childhood Education and Care, Okayama City
kn-affil=岡山市興除認定こども園

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域
en-keyword=認定こども園(certified center for early childhood education and care)
kn-keyword=認定こども園(certified center for early childhood education and care)
en-keyword=保育教諭(childcare teacher)
kn-keyword=保育教諭(childcare teacher)
en-keyword=保育観(view on childcare)
kn-keyword=保育観(view on childcare)
en-keyword=相違(difference)
kn-keyword=相違(difference)
en-keyword=保育経験(childcare experience)
kn-keyword=保育経験(childcare experience)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=2185
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220209
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Current status of delirium assessment tools in the intensive care unit: a prospective multicenter observational survey
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Delirium is a critical challenge in the intensive care unit (ICU) or high care unit (HCU) setting and is associated with poor outcomes. There is not much literature on how many patients in this setting are assessed for delirium and what tools are used. This study investigated the status of delirium assessment tools of patients in the ICU/HCU. We conducted a multicenter prospective observational study among 20 institutions. Data for patients who were admitted to and discharged from the ICU/HCU during a 1-month study period were collected from each institution using a survey sheet. The primary outcome was the usage rate of delirium assessment tools on an institution- and patient-basis. Secondary outcomes were the delirium prevalence assessed by each institution's assessment tool, comparison of delirium prevalence between delirium assessment tools, delirium prevalence at the end of ICH/HCU stay, and the relationship between potential factors related to delirium and the development of delirium. Result showed that 95% of institutions used the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) or the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) to assess delirium in their ICU/HCU, and the remaining one used another assessment scale. The usage rate (at least once during the ICU/HCU stay) of the ICDSC and the CAM-ICU among individual patients were 64.5% and 25.1%, and only 8.2% of enrolled patients were not assessed by any delirium assessment tool. The prevalence of delirium during ICU/HCU stay was 17.9%, and the prevalence of delirium at the end of the ICU/HCU stay was 5.9%. In conclusion, all institutions used delirium assessment tools in the ICU/HCU, and most patients received delirium assessment. The prevalence of delirium was 17.9%, and two-thirds of patients had recovered at discharge from ICU/HCU.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IshiiKenzo
en-aut-sei=Ishii
en-aut-mei=Kenzo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurodaKosuke
en-aut-sei=Kuroda
en-aut-mei=Kosuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TokuraChika
en-aut-sei=Tokura
en-aut-mei=Chika
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MichidaMasaaki
en-aut-sei=Michida
en-aut-mei=Masaaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SugimotoKentaro
en-aut-sei=Sugimoto
en-aut-mei=Kentaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SatoTetsufumi
en-aut-sei=Sato
en-aut-mei=Tetsufumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IshikawaTomoki
en-aut-sei=Ishikawa
en-aut-mei=Tomoki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HagiokaShingo
en-aut-sei=Hagioka
en-aut-mei=Shingo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ManabeNobuki
en-aut-sei=Manabe
en-aut-mei=Nobuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurasakoToshiaki
en-aut-sei=Kurasako
en-aut-mei=Toshiaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=GotoTakashi
en-aut-sei=Goto
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KimuraMasakazu
en-aut-sei=Kimura
en-aut-mei=Masakazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SunamiKazuharu
en-aut-sei=Sunami
en-aut-mei=Kazuharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=13
ORCID=

en-aut-name=InoueKazuyoshi
en-aut-sei=Inoue
en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=14
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsukijiTakashi
en-aut-sei=Tsukiji
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=15
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YasukawaTakeshi
en-aut-sei=Yasukawa
en-aut-mei=Takeshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=16
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NogamiSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Nogami
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=17
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsukiokiMitsunori
en-aut-sei=Tsukioki
en-aut-mei=Mitsunori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=18
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkabeDaisuke
en-aut-sei=Okabe
en-aut-mei=Daisuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=19
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TaninoMasaaki
en-aut-sei=Tanino
en-aut-mei=Masaaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=20
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Morimatsu
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=21
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Kagawa Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Chikamori Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, National Cancer Center Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Okayama Red Cross General Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Saiseikai Imabari Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Okayama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=13
en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama Kyoritsu Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=14
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=15
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Takasago Municipal Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=16
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Okayama Kyokuto Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=17
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=18
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Onomichi Municipal Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=19
en-affil=Department of Anesthesia, Himeji St. Mary’s Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=20
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=21
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=57
end-page=62
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202202
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=In Vivo Microwave Ablation of Normal Swine Lung at High-power, Short-duration Settings
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=To evaluate the volume and heat-sink effects of microwave ablation (MWA) in the ablation zone of the normal swine lung. MWA at 100 W was performed for 1, 2, and 3 min in 7, 5, and 5 lung zones, respectively. We assessed the histopathology in the ablation zones and other outcome measures: namely, length of the longest long and short axes, sphericity, ellipsoid area, and ellipsoid volume. The mean long- and short-axis diameters were 22.0 and 14.1 mm in the 1-min ablation zone, 27.6 and 20.2 mm in the 2-min ablation zone; and 29.2 and 21.2 mm in the 3-min ablation zone, respectively. All measures, except sphericity, were significantly less with 1-min ablation than with either 2- or 3-min ablation. There were no significant differences between the 2- and 3-min ablation zones, but all measures except sphericity were larger with 3-min ablation. Although there were no blood vessels that resulted in a heat-sink effect within the ablation zones, the presence of bronchi nearby in 5 lung ablation zones resulted in reduced ablation size. In high-power, short-duration MWA, the lung ablation volume was affected by ablation time. Some ablations showed that a heat-sink effect by a neighboring bronchus might occur.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro
en-aut-sei=Iguchi
en-aut-mei=Toshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HirakiTakao
en-aut-sei=Hiraki
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsuiYusuke
en-aut-sei=Matsui
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TojiTomohiro
en-aut-sei=Toji
en-aut-mei=Tomohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UkaMayu
en-aut-sei=Uka
en-aut-mei=Mayu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomitaKoji
en-aut-sei=Tomita
en-aut-mei=Koji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KomakiToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Komaki
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UmakoshiNoriyuki
en-aut-sei=Umakoshi
en-aut-mei=Noriyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu
en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi
en-aut-mei=Toshiharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KanazawaSusumu
en-aut-sei=Kanazawa
en-aut-mei=Susumu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=microwave ablation
kn-keyword=microwave ablation
en-keyword=lung
kn-keyword=lung
en-keyword=ablation zone
kn-keyword=ablation zone
en-keyword=heat-sink effect
kn-keyword=heat-sink effect
en-keyword=swine
kn-keyword=swine
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=7
end-page=15
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202202
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Aging-related Characteristics of Subclinical Hypothyroidism Detected in General Practice
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is diagnosed when serum thyrotropin (TSH) is elevated despite a normal thyroxine level and is known to increase the risk of metabolic disorders. This study was conducted to identify potential laboratory markers suspicious for latent SCH. We retrospectively reviewed 958 outpatients in whom thyroid functions had been examined. Eighty-five (9.1%) of the 939 analyzed subjects had SCH (73% females). In the SCH group, median serum TSH and FT4 levels were 5.04 μU/ml and 1.19 ng/dl, respectively, and auto-thyroid antibodies were detected in 53.8% of patients. SCH group patients were significantly older than patients in the euthyroid group, while there was no intergroup difference in BMI. However, 56.5% of the SCH patients were asymptomatic. In the SCH group, serum aspartate aminotransferase and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly higher, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was significantly lower than in the euthyroid group. Among patients less than 65 years of age, SCH patients tended to have lower eGFR and higher LDL-C than euthyroid patients. Age-dependent reductions of red blood cells and serum albumin were more prominent in the SCH than the euthyroid group. Biochemical changes with aging are useful as potential clues for suspecting latent SCH.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TakamiMasao
en-aut-sei=Takami
en-aut-mei=Masao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoKoichiro
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Koichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HanayamaYoshihisa
en-aut-sei=Hanayama
en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro
en-aut-sei=Nakano
en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HasegawaKou
en-aut-sei=Hasegawa
en-aut-mei=Kou
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ObikaMikako
en-aut-sei=Obika
en-aut-mei=Mikako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu
en-aut-sei=Hagiya
en-aut-mei=Hideharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FurukawaMasanori
en-aut-sei=Furukawa
en-aut-mei=Masanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio
en-aut-sei=Otsuka
en-aut-mei=Fumio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=aging
kn-keyword=aging
en-keyword=renal function
kn-keyword=renal function
en-keyword=cholesterol
kn-keyword=cholesterol
en-keyword=subclinical hypothyroidism
kn-keyword=subclinical hypothyroidism
en-keyword=thyroid function
kn-keyword=thyroid function
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=740610
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20211006
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Comprehensive Comparative Genomics and Phenotyping of Methylobacterium Species
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFMs), a major bacterial group found in the plant phyllosphere, comprise two genera: Methylobacterium and Methylorubrum. They have been separated into three major clades: A, B (Methylorubrum), and C. Within these genera, however, some species lack either pigmentation or methylotrophy, which raises the question of what actually defines the PPFMs. The present study employed a comprehensive comparative genomics approach to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among the PPFMs and to explain the genotypic differences that confer their different phenotypes. We newly sequenced the genomes of 29 relevant-type strains to complete a dataset for almost all validly published species in the genera. Through comparative analysis, we revealed that methylotrophy, nitrate utilization, and anoxygenic photosynthesis are hallmarks differentiating the PPFMs from the other Methylobacteriaceae. The Methylobacterium species in clade A, including the type species Methylobacterium organophilum, were phylogenetically classified into six subclades, each possessing relatively high genomic homology and shared phenotypic characteristics. One of these subclades is phylogenetically close to Methylorubrum species; this finding led us to reunite the two genera into a single genus Methylobacterium. Clade C, meanwhile, is composed of phylogenetically distinct species that share relatively higher percent G+C content and larger genome sizes, including larger numbers of secondary metabolite clusters. Most species of clade C and some of clade A have the glutathione-dependent pathway for formaldehyde oxidation in addition to the H4MPT pathway. Some species cannot utilize methanol due to their lack of MxaF-type methanol dehydrogenase (MDH), but most harbor an XoxF-type MDH that enables growth on methanol in the presence of lanthanum. The genomes of PPFMs encode between two and seven (average 3.7) genes for pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, and their phylogeny is distinctly correlated with their genomic phylogeny. All PPFMs were capable of synthesizing auxin and did not induce any immune response in rice cells. Other phenotypes including sugar utilization, antibiotic resistance, and antifungal activity correlated with their phylogenetic relationship. This study provides the first inclusive genotypic insight into the phylogeny and phenotypes of PPFMs.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=AlessaOla
en-aut-sei=Alessa
en-aut-mei=Ola
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OguraYoshitoshi
en-aut-sei=Ogura
en-aut-mei=Yoshitoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujitaniYoshiko
en-aut-sei=Fujitani
en-aut-mei=Yoshiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakamiHideto
en-aut-sei=Takami
en-aut-mei=Hideto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HayashiTetsuya
en-aut-sei=Hayashi
en-aut-mei=Tetsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SahinNurettin
en-aut-sei=Sahin
en-aut-mei=Nurettin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TaniAkio
en-aut-sei=Tani
en-aut-mei=Akio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Egitim Fakultesi, Mugla Sitki Kocman University
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Methylobacterium
kn-keyword=Methylobacterium
en-keyword=comparative genomics
kn-keyword=comparative genomics
en-keyword=methylotroph
kn-keyword=methylotroph
en-keyword=methanol dehydrogenase
kn-keyword=methanol dehydrogenase
en-keyword=Methylorubrum
kn-keyword=Methylorubrum
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=705
end-page=711
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202112
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Testosterone Recovery after Neoadjuvant Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonist versus Agonist on Permanent Iodine-125 Seed Brachytherapy in Prostate Cancer Patients: A Propensity Score Analysis
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Optimal neoadjuvant hormone therapy (NHT) for reducing prostate cancer (PC) patients’ prostate volume pre-brachytherapy is controversial. We evaluated the differential impact of neoadjuvant gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist versus agonist on post-brachytherapy testosterone recovery in 112 patients treated pre-brachytherapy with NHT (GnRH antagonist, n=32; GnRH agonists, n=80) (Jan. 2007-June 2019). We assessed the effects of patient characteristics and a GnRH analogue on testosterone recovery with logistic regression and a propensity score analysis (PSA). There was no significant difference in the rate of testosterone recovery to normal levels (> 300 ng/dL) between the GnRH antagonist and agonists (p=0.07). The GnRH agonists induced a significantly more rapid testosterone recovery rate at 3 months post-brachytherapy versus the GnRH antagonist (p<0.0001); there was no difference in testosterone recovery at 12 months between the GnRH antagonist/agonists (p=0.8). In the multivariate analysis, no actor was associated with testosterone recovery. In the PSA, older age and higher body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with longer testosterone recovery. Post-brachytherapy testosterone recovery was quicker with the neoadjuvant GnRH agonists than the antagonist, and the testosterone recovery rate was significantly associated with older age and higher BMI. Long-term follow-ups are needed to determine any differential effects of GnRH analogues on the quality of life of brachytherapy-treated PC patients.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IwataTakehiro
en-aut-sei=Iwata
en-aut-mei=Takehiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MaruyamaYuki
en-aut-sei=Maruyama
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KawadaTatsushi
en-aut-sei=Kawada
en-aut-mei=Tatsushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SadahiraTakuya
en-aut-sei=Sadahira
en-aut-mei=Takuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatayamaSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Katayama
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakamotoAtsushi
en-aut-sei=Takamoto
en-aut-mei=Atsushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SakoTomoko
en-aut-sei=Sako
en-aut-mei=Tomoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WadaKoichiro
en-aut-sei=Wada
en-aut-mei=Koichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EdamuraKohei
en-aut-sei=Edamura
en-aut-mei=Kohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KobayashiYasuyuki
en-aut-sei=Kobayashi
en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo
en-aut-sei=Araki
en-aut-mei=Motoo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeMasami
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Masami
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeToyohiko
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Toyohiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=13
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo
en-aut-sei=Nasu
en-aut-mei=Yasutomo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=14
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=13
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=14
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=testosterone recovery
kn-keyword=testosterone recovery
en-keyword=GnRH antagonist
kn-keyword=GnRH antagonist
en-keyword=GnRH agonist
kn-keyword=GnRH agonist
en-keyword=brachytherapy
kn-keyword=brachytherapy
en-keyword=prostate cancer
kn-keyword=prostate cancer
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=601
end-page=609
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202110
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Effect of Peer Instruction Lectures on Learning Attitudes in Epidemiology Education
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Research suggests that the fundamental concepts of epidemiology cannot be sufficiently learned in traditional lectures, and interactive learning is necessary. However, few studies have investigated interactive epidemiology education in general, or peer instruction (PI) in particular. This study investigated the effect of PI. Study par-ticipants were fourth-year medical students. The attitude of participants in regard to PI learning was examined in a non-PI and a PI group. The Survey of Attitudes Toward Statistics (SATS) (containing six sub-categories) was conducted as a learning-attitudes index. The pre- and post-lecture scores were compared between the non-PI and PI groups using double robust (DR) estimation. The non-PI and PI groups consisted of 20 and 121 student participants, respectively. In DR estimation, affect exhibited the lowest SATS score changes, at −0.51 (95% confidence interval −0.78 to −0.24; p-value < 0.001), whereas effort exhibited the highest score changes of 0.01 (95% confidence interval −0.30 to 0.32; p-value = 0.952). The epidemiology lecture with PI did not increase the SATS scores. This might be due to issues related to the experimental design. Further research investigating the effects of interactive epidemiology education, it will be necessary to develop tools for assessing the learning of epidemiological concepts and to improve the research design.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu
en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi
en-aut-mei=Toshiharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=medical students
kn-keyword=medical students
en-keyword=peer instruction
kn-keyword=peer instruction
en-keyword=epidemiological education
kn-keyword=epidemiological education
en-keyword=learning attitude
kn-keyword=learning attitude
en-keyword=double robust esti-mation
kn-keyword=double robust esti-mation
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=585
end-page=593
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202110
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Factors for Acute Kidney Injury Following Total Arch Replacement and Association with Temperature Management During Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Single-center Retrospective Observational Study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Many patients develop acute kidney injury (AKI) after vascular surgery. In this retrospective observational study, we investigated the risk factors for AKI defined using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria after total arch replacement (TAR). Additionally, we investigated the influence of temperature manage-ment during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on postoperative renal function by propensity score-matched anal-ysis. We retrospectively analyzed 161 consecutive patients who underwent TAR between 2016 and 2019. Postoperative AKI occurred in 48.7% of the patients. In the multivariate analysis, male sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.95, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.56-8.27, p = 0.002), ACE inhibitors/ARB medication (OR 3.19, 95%CI 1.49-6.82, p = 0.003), preoperative chronic kidney disease (OR 2.47, 95%CI 1.17-5.23, p = 0.02), pro-longed CPB time (OR 2.36, 95%CI 1.05-5.34, p = 0.04), and lower body ischemic time during CPB (OR 2.20, 95%CI 1.05-4.46, p = 0.04) were identified as independent risk factors for AKI. Propensity score-matched anal-ysis showed no significant difference in the risk of AKI following TAR between mild hypothermia or normo-thermia and moderate hypothermia (37.2% vs. 41.9%, p = 0.83). In conclusion, modifiable risk factors for AKI included prolonged CPB time and lower body ischemic time. Temperature management during CPB had no clear effect on outcomes.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OmiyaHiroki
en-aut-sei=Omiya
en-aut-mei=Hiroki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakatoriMakoto
en-aut-sei=Takatori
en-aut-mei=Makoto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YunokiKeiji
en-aut-sei=Yunoki
en-aut-mei=Keiji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Morimatsu
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hiroshima Citizens Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hiroshima Citizens Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hiroshima Citizens Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=acute kidney injury
kn-keyword=acute kidney injury
en-keyword=total arch replacement
kn-keyword=total arch replacement
en-keyword=cardiopulmonary bypass
kn-keyword=cardiopulmonary bypass
en-keyword=lower body ischemic time
kn-keyword=lower body ischemic time
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=431
end-page=437
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202108
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Differences in Attitudes and Practices of Cancer Pain Management between Medical Oncologists and Palliative Care Physicians
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This study aimed to evaluate whether there are differences in the attitudes and practices of cancer pain manage-ment between medical oncologists and palliative care physicians. An online nationwide survey was used to collect responses from board-certified medical oncologists and palliative care physicians in Japan. The survey questionnaire comprised 30 questions. The differences in responses between medical oncologists and palliative care physicians were examined. Out of the 1,227 questionnaires sent, 522 (42.5%) were returned. After apply-ing the exclusion criteria, 445 questionnaires (medical oncologists: n = 283; palliative care physicians: n = 162) were retained for analysis. Among the questions about potential barriers to optimal cancer pain man-agement, both medical oncologists and palliative care physicians considered the reluctance of patients to take opioids due to fear of adverse effects as the greatest barrier. Significantly different ratings between medical oncologists and palliative care physicians were observed on 5 of the 8 questions in this area. Significantly differ-ent ratings were observed for all questions concerning pain specialists and their knowledge. For effective cancer pain management, it is important to account for differences in attitudes and practice between medical oncolo-gists and palliative care physicians.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KunitomiToshiki
en-aut-sei=Kunitomi
en-aut-mei=Toshiki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NasuJunichirou
en-aut-sei=Nasu
en-aut-mei=Junichirou
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MinamiDaisuke
en-aut-sei=Minami
en-aut-mei=Daisuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IwamotoTakayuki
en-aut-sei=Iwamoto
en-aut-mei=Takayuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishieHiroyuki
en-aut-sei=Nishie
en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SaitoShinya
en-aut-sei=Saito
en-aut-mei=Shinya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi
en-aut-sei=Fujiwara
en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsuokaJunji
en-aut-sei=Matsuoka
en-aut-mei=Junji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Palliative Care Team, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Palliative Care Team, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Palliative Care Team, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=cancer pain management
kn-keyword=cancer pain management
en-keyword=opioid
kn-keyword=opioid
en-keyword=medical oncologist
kn-keyword=medical oncologist
en-keyword=palliative care physician
kn-keyword=palliative care physician
en-keyword=barriers
kn-keyword=barriers
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=39
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=1481
end-page=1509
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202169
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Foreign investment or divestment as a near-term solution to performance shortfalls? The moderating role of vicarious learning
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Most studies on problemistic search do not pay sufficient attention to how below-aspiration organizations decide what types of strategic actions to use to cope with performance shortfalls. In this study, we examine the preferences of multinational corporations (MNCs) for selecting foreign investment or divestment as a near-term solution to performance shortfalls. We first argue that foreign divestment is generally a more preferred performance solution. Drawing on the literature on vicarious learning, we further argue that MNCs are more likely to engage in foreign investment or foreign divestment to combat large performance shortfalls if peers recently and actively undertook the same type of strategic action. Moreover, they are less likely to undertake the other type of strategic action simultaneously because they adopt the satisficing principle and time constraints deter them from implementing multiple types of strategic action substantially. The analysis of the data about Japanese manufacturing MNCs reveals that vicarious learning influences MNCs’ selection preferences in certain conditions, thereby extending the literature on problemistic search.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HuiKent Ngan-Cheung
en-aut-sei=Hui
en-aut-mei=Kent Ngan-Cheung
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Gong Yuanyuan
en-aut-sei=Gong 
en-aut-mei=Yuanyuan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=CuiQi
en-aut-sei=Cui
en-aut-mei=Qi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=JiangNaipeng
en-aut-sei=Jiang
en-aut-mei=Naipeng
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=School of Management, Xiamen University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Discovery Program for Global Learners, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Organization and Human Resources, Renmin University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Tourism Department, Fudan University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Problemistic search
kn-keyword=Problemistic search
en-keyword=Vicarious learning
kn-keyword=Vicarious learning
en-keyword=Japan
kn-keyword=Japan
en-keyword=Turnaround
kn-keyword=Turnaround
en-keyword=Foreign investment and divestment 
kn-keyword=Foreign investment and divestment 
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=795
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210503
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Effects of Asymmetry between Design Models and User Models on Subjective Comprehension of User Interface
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This study attempted to discuss the design principles for enhancing usability in terms of asymmetry of mental models between users and designers. If the user model is asymmetrical to the design model, i.e., the degree of agreement between models is low and the user's mental model is not compatible with the actual system, the user cannot operate the system properly, which may cause errors. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of users who have asymmetrical mental models and identify what such users did not understand. Twenty-four subjects participated in an experiment that involved a digital camera operation task and mental model tests that measure the level of the agreement of the mental model construction in terms of functional and structural models. Initially, the participants were grouped based on mental model test scores: symmetrical mental model group (n = 17) and asymmetrical mental model group (n = 7). Then, the groups were compared in terms of performance and subjective comprehension. The comparison indicated that the symmetrical mental model group performed more quickly and accurately than the asymmetrical group. The results also confirmed that the asymmetrical mental model group had a lower level of comprehension in terms of understanding the device status, detecting and responding to device status changes, and understanding the hierarchical structure of the screen.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=DoiToshihisa
en-aut-sei=Doi
en-aut-mei=Toshihisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=mental model
kn-keyword=mental model
en-keyword=design model
kn-keyword=design model
en-keyword=user model
kn-keyword=user model
en-keyword=usability
kn-keyword=usability
en-keyword=subjective comprehension
kn-keyword=subjective comprehension
en-keyword=GUI
kn-keyword=GUI
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=9
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=566
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210501
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Prevalence of Psychological Distress and Its Risk Factors in Patients with Primary Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Psychological distress is common in patients with soft tissue and bone tumors. We first investigated its frequency and the associated risk factors in patients with pre-operative bone and soft tissue tumors. Participants included 298 patients with bone and soft tissue tumors who underwent surgery in our institution between 2015 and 2020. Psychological distress was evaluated by the Distress and Impact Thermometer (DIT) that consists of two types of questions (questions about the severity of the patient's distress (DIT-D) and its impact (DIT-I)). We used a cut-off point of 4 on the DIT-D and 3 on the DIT-I for screening patients with psychological distress. We therefore investigated: (1) the prevalence of psychological distress as assessed with DIT or distress thermometer (DT), which can be decided by DIT-D >= 4, (2) what are the risk factors for the prevalence of psychological distress, and (3) what is the number of patients who consulted a psychiatrist for psychological distress in patients with pre-operative bone and soft tissue tumors. With DIT and DT, we identified 64 patients (21%) and 95 patients (32%), respectively, with psychological distress. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that older age, sex (female), malignancy (malignant or intermediate tumor), a lower Barthel Index, and higher numeric rating scale were risk factors for psychological distress. Two patients (3%) consulted a psychiatrist after surgery. In conclusion, careful attention to psychological distress is needed, especially for female patients, older patients, and those with malignant soft or bone tissue tumors who have more than moderate pain.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IseMasato
en-aut-sei=Ise
en-aut-mei=Masato
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakataEiji
en-aut-sei=Nakata
en-aut-mei=Eiji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatayamaYoshimi
en-aut-sei=Katayama
en-aut-mei=Yoshimi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HamadaMasanori
en-aut-sei=Hamada
en-aut-mei=Masanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KunisadaToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Kunisada
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujiwaraTomohiro
en-aut-sei=Fujiwara
en-aut-mei=Tomohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakaharaRyuichi
en-aut-sei=Nakahara
en-aut-mei=Ryuichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakihiraShouta
en-aut-sei=Takihira
en-aut-mei=Shouta
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SatoKohei
en-aut-sei=Sato
en-aut-mei=Kohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AkezakiYoshiteru
en-aut-sei=Akezaki
en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SendaMasuo
en-aut-sei=Senda
en-aut-mei=Masuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Toshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Division of Physical Therapy, Kochi Professional University of Rehabilitation
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=psychological distress
kn-keyword=psychological distress
en-keyword=distress and impact thermometer
kn-keyword=distress and impact thermometer
en-keyword=bone and soft tissue tumor
kn-keyword=bone and soft tissue tumor
en-keyword=surgery
kn-keyword=surgery
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=97
end-page=102
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20201003
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Teacher and student-created videos in English language teaching
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In this series, we explore technology-related themes and topics. The series aims to discuss and demystify what may be new areas for some readers and to consider their relevance for English language teachers.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=CowieNeil
en-aut-sei=Cowie
en-aut-mei=Neil
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SakuiKeiko
en-aut-sei=Sakui
en-aut-mei=Keiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Foreign Languages, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Kobe Shoin Women’s University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=225
end-page=230
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202104
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Histological Analysis of Repaired Tissue after Pullout Repair of a Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tear
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=A 65-year-old man presented with a left medial meniscus (MM) posterior root tear (PRT). Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty was performed 12 months after transtibial pullout repair of the MMPRT. Repaired MM posterior root tissue was subjected to histological analysis. Immunostaining and picrosirius red staining showed sufficient deposition of type I collagen, and hematoxylin-eosin staining using a polarized microscope showed well-aligned fiber orientation in the repaired tissue. The repaired posterior root (post-transtibial pullout repair) showed mature and well-aligned ligament-like tissue. Preserving the MM posterior root remnant to mimic the original posterior root tissue might be useful when performing pullout repair.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=XueHaowei
en-aut-sei=Xue
en-aut-mei=Haowei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FurumatsuTakayuki
en-aut-sei=Furumatsu
en-aut-mei=Takayuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki 
en-aut-sei=Okazaki
en-aut-mei=Yuki 
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HiranakaTakaaki
en-aut-sei=Hiranaka
en-aut-mei=Takaaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KintakaKeisuke 
en-aut-sei=Kintaka
en-aut-mei=Keisuke 
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZhangXiming
en-aut-sei=Zhang
en-aut-mei=Ximing
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshidaAki
en-aut-sei=Yoshida
en-aut-mei=Aki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Toshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=medial meniscus
kn-keyword=medial meniscus
en-keyword=posterior root tear
kn-keyword=posterior root tear
en-keyword=unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
kn-keyword=unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
en-keyword=histological analysis
kn-keyword=histological analysis
en-keyword=case report
kn-keyword=case report
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=1
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=29
end-page=45
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210331
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Consideration about recognition of factors causing lack of confirmation in the nursing scene
kn-title=看護場⾯における確認不⾜を引き起こす要因の認識に関する検討
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In the work process of nurses with high risk, it is very urgent to take countermeasures against the “lack of confirmation” of the main factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the details of the factors leading to the lack of confirmation, grasp the number of near misses, and to explore what kind of factors the individual characteristics of the nurse who acts as a stopper. We recruited 500 nurses on the Web and asked about the frequency of near misses due to lack of confirmation, the awareness of the causes of lack of confirmation, self-evaluation of stoppers, and the reasons why near misses did not lead to accidents. As a result, three factors were extracted regarding the recognition of the factors of lack of confirmation: "lack of consciousness", "inability to concentrate", and "lack of knowledge / experience". Three factors were extracted for self-evaluation of stopper characteristics: "awareness," "verification," and "cautiousness". In order to reduce the lack of confirmation, it is necessary to secure and allocate appropriate personnel and create an environment where treatment can be concentrated. Nurses should also raise knowledge and the awareness of the importance of confirmation. In addition, it is necessary to improve the clinical judgment of new nurses in order to prevent near misses. And it is thought that new nurses will
become more confident by accumulating experience and affirming their abilities from their superiors, seniors and colleagues.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ZuoWanxin
en-aut-sei=Zuo
en-aut-mei=Wanxin
kn-aut-name=左婉馨
kn-aut-sei=左
kn-aut-mei=婉馨
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HyodoYoshimi
en-aut-sei=Hyodo
en-aut-mei=Yoshimi
kn-aut-name=兵藤好美
kn-aut-sei=兵藤
kn-aut-mei=好美
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanakaTomoko
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Tomoko
kn-aut-name=⽥中共⼦
kn-aut-sei=⽥中
kn-aut-mei=共⼦
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=GofukuAkio
en-aut-sei=Gofuku
en-aut-mei=Akio
kn-aut-name=五福明夫
kn-aut-sei=五福
kn-aut-mei=明夫
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科
en-keyword=lack of confirmation
kn-keyword=lack of confirmation
en-keyword=stoppers
kn-keyword=stoppers
en-keyword=nurse
kn-keyword=nurse
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=139
end-page=145
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202104
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Evaluation of the Imaging Process for a Novel Subtraction Method Using Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Diffusion-weighted imaging may be used to obtain the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), which aids the diagnosis of cerebral infarction and tumors. An ADC reflects elements of free diffusion. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) has attracted attention as a restricted diffusion imaging technique. The ADC subtraction method (ASM) was developed to visualize restricted diffusion with high resolution by using two ADC maps taken with different diffusion times. We conducted the present study to provide a bridge between the reported basic ASM research and clinical research. We developed new imaging software for clinical use and evaluated its performance herein. This software performs the imaging process automatically and continuously at the pixel level, using ImageJ software. The new software uses a macro or a plugin which is compatible with various operating systems via a Java Virtual Machine. We tested the new imaging software’s performance by using a Jurkat cell bio-phantom, and the statistical evaluation of the performance clarified that the ASM values of 99.98% of the pixels in the bio-phantom and physiological saline were calculated accurately (p<0.001). The new software may serve as a useful tool for future clinical applications and restricted diffusion imaging research.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HamadaKentaro
en-aut-sei=Hamada
en-aut-mei=Kentaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro
en-aut-sei=Kuroda
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshimuraYuuki 
en-aut-sei=Yoshimura
en-aut-mei=Yuuki 
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KhasawnehAbdullah
en-aut-sei=Khasawneh
en-aut-mei=Abdullah
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BarhamMajd
en-aut-sei=Barham
en-aut-mei=Majd
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TekikiNouha
en-aut-sei=Tekiki
en-aut-mei=Nouha
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SugiantoIrfan
en-aut-sei=Sugianto
en-aut-mei=Irfan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BamgboseBabatunde O.
en-aut-sei=Bamgbose
en-aut-mei=Babatunde O.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KonishiKohei
en-aut-sei=Konishi
en-aut-mei=Kohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SugimotoKohei
en-aut-sei=Sugimoto
en-aut-mei=Kohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IshizakaHinata
en-aut-sei=Ishizaka
en-aut-mei=Hinata
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurozumiAkira
en-aut-sei=Kurozumi
en-aut-mei=Akira
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsushitaToshi 
en-aut-sei=Matsushita
en-aut-mei=Toshi 
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=13
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OhnoSeiichiro
en-aut-sei=Ohno
en-aut-mei=Seiichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=14
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KanazawaSusumu
en-aut-sei=Kanazawa
en-aut-mei=Susumu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=15
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AsaumiJunichi
en-aut-sei=Asaumi
en-aut-mei=Junichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=16
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Central Division of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=13
en-affil=Central Division of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=14
en-affil=Central Division of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=15
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=16
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=apparent diffusion coefficient
kn-keyword=apparent diffusion coefficient
en-keyword=ADC subtraction method
kn-keyword=ADC subtraction method
en-keyword=restricted diffusion
kn-keyword=restricted diffusion
en-keyword=ImageJ
kn-keyword=ImageJ
en-keyword=plugin
kn-keyword=plugin
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=11
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=179
end-page=193
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210322
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Sugoroku Play through Collaborative Molding Creation to Develop Skills to Establish Relationship among Children in 4-Year-Old Class of Nursery School
kn-title=保育所４歳児学級における子どもの人間関係形成能力を育む共同造形制作による双六遊び
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=We can consider that one of activities to develop skills to establish relationship is collaborative molding creation. Collaborative modeling creation is a large piece of work that cannot be created by a single person, and it is desirable to set up a "Yosegaki type" of creation play that requires a lot of inspiration. Accordingly, we conducted Sugoroku play as a detailed nursing practice idea to verify its effectiveness in developing skill to establish relationship and considered the teaching and support methods required of childcare-givers. Sugoroku was made in an environment where children were able to pay attention to what their friends said and did, and they were able to devise colors and shapes through discussion. Moreover, from the coincidental nature of Sugoroku play and the necessity of making rules, we could say that it was an activity to be deeply involved with friends through fun play adapted to the developmental process. In assisting childcare-givers, it was important to encourage children to share images and to watch them without intervention by childcare-givers in developing relationship among children. 
kn-abstract=人間関係形成能力を育むための活動の１つとして，共同造形制作が考えられる。共同造形制作は，１人では作ることができない大きな作品で，着想を多く必要とする「寄せがき方式」の制作遊びを設定して行うことが望ましい。そこで，具体的な保育実践案として双六遊びを行い，人間関係形成能力育成における有効性の検証と，保育者に求められる指導・援助方法の考察を行った。双六の制作は，友達の発言や行動に関心を持ちやすい環境で行われ，話し合いによって色や形を工夫することができた。また，双六遊びの偶然性やルール作りの必要性から，発達過程に適合した楽しい遊びを通して友達と深く関われる活動であったと言える。保育者の援助においては，子どもが人間関係を形成する上で，イメージの共有を促す声掛けが必要であると共に，保育者が介入しない見守りも重要であった。 
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YAMAGUCHIMinori
en-aut-sei=YAMAGUCHI
en-aut-mei=Minori
kn-aut-name=山口実梨
kn-aut-sei=山口
kn-aut-mei=実梨
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIKei
en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI
en-aut-mei=Kei
kn-aut-name=髙橋慧
kn-aut-sei=髙橋
kn-aut-mei=慧
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BABANoriko
en-aut-sei=BABA
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=馬場訓子
kn-aut-sei=馬場
kn-aut-mei=訓子
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WATANABEYuzo
en-aut-sei=WATANABE
en-aut-mei=Yuzo
kn-aut-name=渡邊祐三
kn-aut-sei=渡邊
kn-aut-mei=祐三
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=髙橋敏之
kn-aut-sei=髙橋
kn-aut-mei=敏之
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Minan Manmaru childcare center
kn-affil=御南まんまるこども園

affil-num=2
en-affil=he Major of Child Education, The Department of Music, Sakuyo Junior College of Music
kn-affil=作陽短期大学音楽学科幼児教育専攻

affil-num=3
en-affil=The Department of Childhood Education, The Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University
kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部子ども教育学科

affil-num=4
en-affil=Minan Manmaru childcare center
kn-affil=御南まんまるこども園

affil-num=5
en-affil=Graduate School of Education，Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=保育所 (Nursery school)
kn-keyword=保育所 (Nursery school)
en-keyword=４歳児学級 (4-year-old class)
kn-keyword=４歳児学級 (4-year-old class)
en-keyword=人間関係形成能力 (Skills to establish relationship)
kn-keyword=人間関係形成能力 (Skills to establish relationship)
en-keyword=共同造形制作 (Collaborative molding creation)
kn-keyword=共同造形制作 (Collaborative molding creation)
en-keyword=双六遊び (Sugoroku play)
kn-keyword=双六遊び (Sugoroku play)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=11
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=59
end-page=73
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210322
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Bright and Dark Sides of Programming Education in Japanese Elementary Schools:Clarification of Practical Issues
kn-title=小学校プログラミング教育の光と影―実践的な検討課題の導出―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract= In the new Courses of Study that were enacted in the 2020 school year, programming education became a compulsory elementary school subject in Japan. However, questions remain regarding how programming education can contribute to improving children's qualities and abilities, and what should be considered to appropriately design and implement classes. Therefore, based on the existing findings, this study summarized the bright and dark sides of elementary school programming education, that is, the expected effects and concerns associated with its implementation. Consequently, the following practical issues were derived and discussed to further enhance elementary school programming education: designing lessons, planning evaluation criteria and methods, preparing an information and communications technology (ICT) environment, and encouraging teachers.
kn-abstract=2020 年度から全面実施された新学習指導要領において，小学校プログラミング教育が必修化された。しかしプログラミング教育が児童のどのような資質・能力の向上に資するのか，授業を適切に設計・実施するために考慮すべきことは何か，といった点は必ずしも明確ではない。そこで本研究では，既往知見に基づき，小学校プログラミング教育の光と影，すなわち期待される効果と実施に伴う懸念や不安を整理した。それらを踏まえ，今後の小学校プログラミング教育を充実させていくための実践的な検討課題として，授業設計，評価規準・評価方法の立案，ICT 環境整備，教員への働きかけを導出し，議論した。 
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NISHIKAWAYoshitaka
en-aut-sei=NISHIKAWA
en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka
kn-aut-name=西川義孝
kn-aut-sei=西川
kn-aut-mei=義孝
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MISAWARyo
en-aut-sei=MISAWA
en-aut-mei=Ryo
kn-aut-name=三沢良
kn-aut-sei=三沢
kn-aut-mei=良
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=髙橋典久
kn-aut-sei=髙橋
kn-aut-mei=典久
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Yakage Municipal Yakage Elementary School/ Graduate School of Education(Professional Degree Course), Okayama University
kn-affil=矢掛町立矢掛小学校/岡山大学大学院教育学研究科大学院生

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究
en-keyword=小学校プログラミング教育 (Programming education in elementary school)
kn-keyword=小学校プログラミング教育 (Programming education in elementary school)
en-keyword=プログラミング的思考 (Programming thinking)
kn-keyword=プログラミング的思考 (Programming thinking)
en-keyword=ICT 環境 (ICT environment)
kn-keyword=ICT 環境 (ICT environment)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=21
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=53
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210114
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=What impact does postgraduate clinical training have on empathy among Japanese trainee dentists?
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background</br>
Enhancing empathy in healthcare education is a critical component in the development of a relationship between healthcare professionals and patients that would ensure better patient care; improved patient satisfaction, adherence to treatment, patients’ medication self-efficacy, improved treatment outcomes, and reduced patient anxiety. Unfortunately, however, the decline of empathy among students has been frequently reported. It is especially common when the curriculum transitions to a clinical setting. However, some studies have questioned the significance and frequency of this decline. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the impact of postgraduate clinical training on dental trainees’ empathy from cognitive, behavioral, and patients’ perspective.</br>
Methods</br>
This study included 64 trainee dentists at Okayama University Hospital and 13 simulated patients (SPs). The trainee dentists carried out initial medical interviews with SPs twice, at the beginning and the end of their clinical training. The trainees completed the Japanese version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for health professionals just before each medical interview. The SPs evaluated the trainees’ communication using an assessment questionnaire immediately after the medical interviews. The videotaped dialogue from the medical interviews was analyzed using the Roter Interaction Analysis System.</br>
Results</br>
No significant difference was found in the self-reported empathy score of trainees at the beginning and the end of the clinical training (107.73 [range, 85–134] vs. 108.34 [range, 69–138]; p = 0.643). Considering the results according to gender, male scored 104.06 (range, 88–118) vs. 101.06 (range, 71–122; p = 0.283) and female 109.17 (range, 85–134) vs. 111.20 (range, 69–138; p = 0.170). Similarly, there was no difference in the SPs’ evaluation of trainees’ communication (10.73 vs. 10.38, p = 0.434). Communication behavior in the emotional responsiveness category for trainees in the beginning was significantly higher than that at the end (2.47 vs. 1.14, p = 0.000).</br>
Conclusions</br>
Overall, a one-year postgraduate dental training program neither reduced nor increased trainee dentists’ empathy levels. Providing regular education support in this area may help trainees foster their empathy.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YoshidaToshiko
en-aut-sei=Yoshida
en-aut-mei=Toshiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeSho
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Sho
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KonoTakayuki
en-aut-sei=Kono
en-aut-mei=Takayuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TaketaHiroaki
en-aut-sei=Taketa
en-aut-mei=Hiroaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShiotsuNoriko
en-aut-sei=Shiotsu
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShiraiHajime
en-aut-sei=Shirai
en-aut-mei=Hajime
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakaiYukie
en-aut-sei=Nakai
en-aut-mei=Yukie
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ToriiYasuhiro
en-aut-sei=Torii
en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Center for Education in Medicine and Health Sciences (Dental Education), Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Comprehensive Dental Clinic, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Comprehensive Dental Clinic, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Comprehensive Dental Clinic, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Comprehensive Dental Clinic, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Comprehensive Dental Clinic, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Dental Hygiene, University of Shizuoka, Junior College
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Comprehensive Dental Clinic, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Empathy
kn-keyword=Empathy
en-keyword=Trainee dentists
kn-keyword=Trainee dentists
en-keyword=Clinical training
kn-keyword=Clinical training
en-keyword=Jefferson Scale of Empathy
kn-keyword=Jefferson Scale of Empathy
en-keyword=Roter interaction analysis system
kn-keyword=Roter interaction analysis system
en-keyword=Simulated patients
kn-keyword=Simulated patients
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=63
end-page=69
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202102
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Optimal Prepregnancy Body Mass Index for Lactation in Japanese Women with Neonatal Separation as Analyzed by a Differential Equation
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We used a differential equation to identify the biological relationship between the maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and lactation on postpartum day 4 in Japanese women with neonatal separation. This retro-spective observational study included 252 mothers (135 primiparas, 117 multiparas) whose singleton neonates were admitted to a neonatal ICU. We formulated hypotheses based on breast anatomy to analyze the relation-ship between the expressed milk obtained on postpartum day 4 and the maternal prepregnancy BMI with the following differential equation: y’(x) = k y(x)/x, where k is the constant, x is the prepregnancy BMI, and y is the expressed milk volume. The formula was then obtained as y(x) = axk, where a is the constant. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to estimate the regression equation with the maximum likelihood for primiparas and multiparas. The best criteria for BMI determined by the AIC were 20.89 kg/m2 in primiparas and 20.19 kg/m2 in multiparas. These were the optimal BMI values for lactation, coinciding with the median prepregnancy BMI in the study population (20.78 kg/m2 in primiparas and 20.06 kg/m2 in multiparas). The formula based on biomathematics might help establish the biological relationship between prepregnancy BMI and breastmilk volume.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TadaKatsuhiko
en-aut-sei=Tada
en-aut-mei=Katsuhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyagiYasunari
en-aut-sei=Miyagi
en-aut-mei=Yasunari
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamuraKazue
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Kazue
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YorozuMoe
en-aut-sei=Yorozu
en-aut-mei=Moe
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FukushimaEmi
en-aut-sei=Fukushima
en-aut-mei=Emi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KumazawaKazumasa
en-aut-sei=Kumazawa
en-aut-mei=Kazumasa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamuraMakoto
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Makoto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KageyamaMisao
en-aut-sei=Kageyama
en-aut-mei=Misao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization, Okayama Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Miyake Ofuku Clinic
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Neonatology, National Hospital Organization, Okayama Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization, Okayama Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Nursing, National Hospital Organization, Okayama Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital Organization, Okayama Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Neonatology, National Hospital Organization, Okayama Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Neonatology, National Hospital Organization, Okayama Medical Center
kn-affil=
en-keyword=biomathematics
kn-keyword=biomathematics
en-keyword=body mass index
kn-keyword=body mass index
en-keyword=expressed milk
kn-keyword=expressed milk
en-keyword=lactation
kn-keyword=lactation
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=31
end-page=37
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202102
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Treatment Outcomes of Pulmonary Metastases from Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Although the lung is the most common site of distant metastases from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the number of reports about the effects of pulmonary metastasectomy for the treatment of lung metastasis from HNSCC is limited. Metachronous pulmonary metastases were detected in 45 HNSCC patients at Kumamoto University Hospital from 1998 to 2018. Twenty-two patients underwent an operative resection (Ope group) and 23 underwent chemotherapy (Chemo group). The 3-year overall survival (OS) rate and median OS were evaluated. The effects of adjuvant chemotherapy after pulmonary metastasectomy and of new drugs (cetuximab and nivolumab), in the chemo group were also assessed. The 3-year OS rates and median OS were: Ope, 66.1% and 31.5 months; Chemo, 39.7% and 18 months, respectively. In the Ope group, addi-tional recurrences were significantly fewer in the patients who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy post-surgery versus the patients who underwent surgery alone (p = 0.013). In the Chemo group, the 3-year OS rate of the patients who received new drugs was significantly better than that of the patients who did not (p = 0.021). Adjuvant chemotherapy after pulmonary metastasectomy may be a preferable treatment option for preventing recurrences. Cetuximab and nivolumab have a potential to improve OS.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MiyamaruSatoru
en-aut-sei=Miyamaru
en-aut-mei=Satoru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MurakamiDaizo
en-aut-sei=Murakami
en-aut-mei=Daizo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishimotoKohei
en-aut-sei=Nishimoto
en-aut-mei=Kohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SaitoHaruki
en-aut-sei=Saito
en-aut-mei=Haruki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyamotoYusuke
en-aut-sei=Miyamoto
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HirotaKaoruko
en-aut-sei=Hirota
en-aut-mei=Kaoruko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IseMomoko
en-aut-sei=Ise
en-aut-mei=Momoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OritaYorihisa
en-aut-sei=Orita
en-aut-mei=Yorihisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=pulmonary metastasis
kn-keyword=pulmonary metastasis
en-keyword=head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
kn-keyword=head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
en-keyword=pulmonary metastasectomy
kn-keyword=pulmonary metastasectomy
en-keyword=adjuvant chemotherapy
kn-keyword=adjuvant chemotherapy
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=9
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=45
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20201228
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Cancer Stem Cell Microenvironment Models with Biomaterial Scaffolds In Vitro
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Defined by its potential for self-renewal, differentiation and tumorigenicity, cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered responsible for drug resistance and relapse. To understand the behavior of CSC, the effects of the microenvironment in each tissue are a matter of great concerns for scientists in cancer biology. However, there are many complicated obstacles in the mimicking the microenvironment of CSCs even with current advanced technology. In this context, novel biomaterials have widely been assessed as in vitro platforms for their ability to mimic cancer microenvironment. These efforts should be successful to identify and characterize various CSCs specific in each type of cancer. Therefore, extracellular matrix scaffolds made of biomaterial will modulate the interactions and facilitate the investigation of CSC associated with biological phenomena simplifying the complexity of the microenvironment. In this review, we summarize latest advances in biomaterial scaffolds, which are exploited to mimic CSC microenvironment, and their chemical and biological requirements with discussion. The discussion includes the possible effects on both cells in tumors and microenvironment to propose what the critical factors are in controlling the CSC microenvironment focusing the future investigation. Our insights on their availability in drug screening will also follow the discussion.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HassanGhmkin
en-aut-sei=Hassan
en-aut-mei=Ghmkin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AfifySaid M.
en-aut-sei=Afify
en-aut-mei=Said M.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KitanoShiro
en-aut-sei=Kitano
en-aut-mei=Shiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SenoAkimasa
en-aut-sei=Seno
en-aut-mei=Akimasa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IshiiHiroko
en-aut-sei=Ishii
en-aut-mei=Hiroko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShangYucheng
en-aut-sei=Shang
en-aut-mei=Yucheng
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsusakiMichiya
en-aut-sei=Matsusaki
en-aut-mei=Michiya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SenoMasaharu
en-aut-sei=Seno
en-aut-mei=Masaharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Technical Research Institute, Toppan Printing Co., Ltd.
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=GSP Enterprise, Inc.
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=cancer stem cells
kn-keyword=cancer stem cells
en-keyword=biomaterial scaffolds
kn-keyword=biomaterial scaffolds
en-keyword=tumor microenvironment
kn-keyword=tumor microenvironment
en-keyword=drug screening
kn-keyword=drug screening
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=295
cd-vols=
no-issue=14
article-no=
start-page=4464
end-page=4476
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200403
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=In vivo crystals reveal critical features of the interaction between cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and the PDZ2 domain of Na+/H+ exchange cofactor NHERF1
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Crystallization of recombinant proteins has been fundamental to our understanding of protein function, dysfunction, and molecular recognition. However, this information has often been gleaned under extremely nonphysiological protein, salt, and H+ concentrations. Here, we describe the development of a robust Inka1-Box (iBox)–PAK4cat system that spontaneously crystallizes in several mammalian cell types. The semi-quantitative assay described here allows the measurement of in vivo protein-protein interactions using a novel GFP-linked reporter system that produces fluorescent readouts from protein crystals. We combined this assay with in vitro X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics studies to characterize the molecular determinants of the interaction between the PDZ2 domain of Na+/H+ exchange regulatory cofactor NHE-RF1 (NHERF1) and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a protein complex pertinent to the genetic disease cystic fibrosis. These experiments revealed the crystal structure of the extended PDZ domain of NHERF1 and indicated, contrary to what has been previously reported, that residue selection at positions −1 and −3 of the PDZ-binding motif influences the affinity and specificity of the NHERF1 PDZ2-CFTR interaction. Our results suggest that this system could be utilized to screen additional protein-protein interactions, provided they can be accommodated within the spacious iBox-PAK4cat lattice.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MartinEleanor R.
en-aut-sei=Martin
en-aut-mei=Eleanor R.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BarbieriAlessandro
en-aut-sei=Barbieri
en-aut-mei=Alessandro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FordRobert C.
en-aut-sei=Ford
en-aut-mei=Robert C.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=RobinsonRobert C.
en-aut-sei=Robinson
en-aut-mei=Robert C.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Michael Smith Building, The University of Manchester
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Michael Smith Building, The University of Manchester
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Michael Smith Building, The University of Manchester
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=PDZ domain
kn-keyword=PDZ domain
en-keyword=X-ray crystallography
kn-keyword=X-ray crystallography
en-keyword=molecular modeling
kn-keyword=molecular modeling
en-keyword=protein complex
kn-keyword=protein complex
en-keyword=protein crystallization
kn-keyword=protein crystallization
en-keyword=crystal structure
kn-keyword=crystal structure
en-keyword=cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)
kn-keyword=cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)
en-keyword=cystic fibrosis
kn-keyword=cystic fibrosis
en-keyword=ion channel
kn-keyword=ion channel
en-keyword=protein-protein interaction
kn-keyword=protein-protein interaction
en-keyword=SLC9A3 regulator 1 (SLC9A3R1)
kn-keyword=SLC9A3 regulator 1 (SLC9A3R1)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=59
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=163
end-page=167
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200115
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Managing Lung Cancer with Comorbid Interstitial Pneumonia
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Systemic therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has dramatically changed in the latest 15 years. Molecular-targeted therapy has brought about an era of precision medicine, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have brought hope for a cure for advanced NSCLC. In the wake of this remarkable advancement, lung cancer with comorbid interstitial pneumonia (IP) has been completely left behind, as most clinical trials exclude patients with comorbid IP. IP, especially idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), is often accompanied by lung cancer, and acute exacerbation can develop during various cancer therapies, including surgery, radiotherapy and pharmacotherapy. In this review, we focus on the clinical questions concerning pharmacotherapy in cases of advanced lung cancer with comorbid IP and discuss what we can do with the currently available data.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki
en-aut-sei=Ichihara
en-aut-mei=Eiki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyaharaNobuaki
en-aut-sei=Miyahara
en-aut-mei=Nobuaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu
en-aut-sei=Maeda
en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki
en-aut-sei=Kiura
en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=lung cancer
kn-keyword=lung cancer
en-keyword=interstitial pneumonia
kn-keyword=interstitial pneumonia
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=74
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=483
end-page=493
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=202012
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Potential of Artificial Intelligence for Estimating Japanese Fetal Weights
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We developed an artificial intelligence (AI) method for estimating fetal weights of Japanese fetuses based on the gestational weeks and the bi-parietal diameter, abdominal circumference, and femur length. The AI comprised of neural network architecture was trained by deep learning with a dataset that consists of ± 2 standard devia-tion (SD), ± 1.5SD, and ± 0SD categories of the approved standard values of ultrasonic measurements of the fetal weights of Japanese fetuses (Japan Society of Ultrasonics in Medicine [JSUM] data). We investigated the residuals and compared 2 other regression formulae for estimating the fetal weights of Japanese fetuses by t-test and Bland-Altman analyses, respectively. The residuals of the AI for the test dataset that was 12.5% of the JSUM data were 6.4 ± 2.6, −3.8 ± 8.6, and −0.32 ± 6.3 (g) at −2SD, +2SD, and all categories, respectively. The residu-als of another AI method created with all of the JSUM data, of which 20% were randomized validation data, were −1.5 ± 9.4, −2.5 ± 7.3, and −1.1 ± 6.7 (g) for −2SD, +2SD, and all categories, respectively. The residuals of this AI were not different from zero, whereas those of the published formulae differed from zero. Though vali-dation is required, the AI demonstrated potential for generating fetal weights accurately, especially for extreme fetal weights.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MiyagiYasunari
en-aut-sei=Miyagi
en-aut-mei=Yasunari
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyakeTakahito
en-aut-sei=Miyake
en-aut-mei=Takahito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Medical Data Labo
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Miyake Clinic
kn-affil=
en-keyword=deep learning
kn-keyword=deep learning
en-keyword=artificial intelligence
kn-keyword=artificial intelligence
en-keyword=fetal weight
kn-keyword=fetal weight
en-keyword=neural network
kn-keyword=neural network
en-keyword=ultrasound biometry
kn-keyword=ultrasound biometry
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=74
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=475
end-page=481
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=202012
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Prevention of Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis by Endoscopic Pancreatic Stenting after Insertion of  Self-Expandable Metal Stent for Malignant Distal Biliary Stricture
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The insertion of a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) for nonpancreatic cancer is a factor predicting the risk of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP). We evaluated the efficacy of endo-scopic pancreatic stenting (EPS) to prevent PEP after SEMS insertion in patients with malignant distal biliary stricture and without main pancreatic duct (MPD) obstruction. We performed a single-center, retrospective, historically controlled investigation to assess the outcomes of 33 consecutive patients who underwent SEMS insertion. From March 2013 to June 2015, 13 patients did not undergo EPS (Non-EPS group). The other 20 patients underwent EPS (EPS group) between July 2015 and August 2018. The background data demonstrated no significant differences. Except for one patient in the Non-EPS group, all patients underwent biliary sphinc-terotomy. The EPS group’s PEP incidence was significantly lower (n = 1, 5%) than that of the Non-EPS group (n = 4, 31%) (p = 0.04). The median serum amylase and lipase levels after the procedure were significantly lower in the EPS group than in the Non-EPS group (amylase: 104 vs. 262 U/L; p < 0.01, lipase: 102 vs. 666 U/L; p = 0.01). The use of EPS decreased the incidence of PEP after SEMS insertion in individuals with malignant distal biliary stricture and without MPD obstruction.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HaradaRyo
en-aut-sei=Harada
en-aut-mei=Ryo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SatoRyosuke
en-aut-sei=Sato
en-aut-mei=Ryosuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsutsuiTomoaki
en-aut-sei=Tsutsui
en-aut-mei=Tomoaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HattoriNao
en-aut-sei=Hattori
en-aut-mei=Nao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=InoueMasafumi
en-aut-sei=Inoue
en-aut-mei=Masafumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KobashiHaruhiko
en-aut-sei=Kobashi
en-aut-mei=Haruhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis
kn-keyword=post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis
en-keyword=endoscopic pancreatic stent
kn-keyword=endoscopic pancreatic stent
en-keyword=main pancreatic duct obstruction
kn-keyword=main pancreatic duct obstruction
en-keyword=self-expandable metal stent
kn-keyword=self-expandable metal stent
en-keyword=distal biliary stricture
kn-keyword=distal biliary stricture
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=244
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=75
end-page=83
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=20180115
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A neo-virus lifestyle exhibited by a (+)ssRNA virus hosted in an unrelated dsRNA virus: Taxonomic and evolutionary considerations
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Recent studies illustrate that fungi as virus hosts provides a unique platform for hunting viruses and exploring virus/virus and virus/host interactions. Such studies have revealed a number of as-yet-unreported viruses and virus/virus interactions. Among them is a unique intimate relationship between a (+)ssRNA virus, yado-kari virus (YkV1) and an unrelated dsRNA virus, yado-nushi virus (YnV1). YkV1 dsRNA, a replicated form of YkV1, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, are trans-encapsidated by the capsid protein of YnV1. While YnV1 can complete its replication cycle, YkV1 relies on YnV1 for its viability. We previously proposed a model in which YkV1 diverts YnV1 capsids as the replication sites. YkV1 is neither satellite virus nor satellite RNA, because YkV1 appears to encode functional RdRp and enhances YnV1 accumulation. This represents a unique mutualistic virus/virus interplay and similar relations in other virus/host fungus systems are detectable. We propose to establish the family Yadokariviridae that accommodates YkV1 and recently discovered viruses phylogenetically related to YkV1. This article overviews what is known and unknown about the YkV1/YnV1 interactions. Also discussed are the YnV1 Phytoreo_S7 and YkV1 2A-like domains that may have been captured via horizontal transfer during the course of evolution and are conserved across extant diverse RNA viruses. Lastly, evolutionary scenarios are envisioned for YkV1 and YnV1.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HisanoSakae
en-aut-sei=Hisano
en-aut-mei=Sakae
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZhangRui
en-aut-sei=Zhang
en-aut-mei=Rui
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FarukMd. Iqbal
en-aut-sei=Faruk
en-aut-mei=Md. Iqbal
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KondoHideki
en-aut-sei=Kondo
en-aut-mei=Hideki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SuzukiNobuhiro
en-aut-sei=Suzuki
en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Yado-nushi virus
kn-keyword=Yado-nushi virus
en-keyword=Yado-kari virus
kn-keyword=Yado-kari virus
en-keyword=Mutualism
kn-keyword=Mutualism
en-keyword=Mycovirus
kn-keyword=Mycovirus
en-keyword=dsRNA
kn-keyword=dsRNA
en-keyword=Evolution
kn-keyword=Evolution
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=74
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=381
end-page=389
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=202010
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Clinical Relevance of Serum Prolactin Levels to Inflammatory Reaction in Male Patients
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=To clarify the relevance of prolactin (PRL) to clinical parameters in patients who visited our general medicine department, medical records of 353 patients in whom serum PRL levels were measured during the period from 2016 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Data for 140 patients (M/F: 42/98) were analyzed after excluding patients lacking detailed records and patients taking dopaminergic agents. Median serum PRL levels were significantly lower in males than females: 6.5 ng/ml (IQR: 4.2-10.3) versus 8.1 ng/ml (5.9-12.9), respectively. Pain and general fatigue were the major symptoms at the first visit, and past histories of hypertension and dyslipidemia were frequent. Male patients with relatively high PRL levels (≥ 10 ng/ml) had significantly lower levels of serum albumin and significantly higher levels of serum LDH than those with low PRL (< 10 ng/ml). There were significant correlations of male PRL level with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (R=0.62), serum LDH level (R=0.39) and serum albumin level (R=−0.52), while the level of serum CRP (R=0.33) showed an insignificant but weak positive correlation with PRL level. Collectively, these results show that PRL levels had gender-specific relevance to various clinical factors, with PRL levels in males being significantly related to inflammatory status.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamamotoKoichiro
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Koichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HanayamaYoshihisa
en-aut-sei=Hanayama
en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HasegawaKou
en-aut-sei=Hasegawa
en-aut-mei=Kou
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki
en-aut-sei=Tokumasu
en-aut-mei=Kazuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyoshiTomoko
en-aut-sei=Miyoshi
en-aut-mei=Tomoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu
en-aut-sei=Hagiya
en-aut-mei=Hideharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OgawaHiroko
en-aut-sei=Ogawa
en-aut-mei=Hiroko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ObikaMikako
en-aut-sei=Obika
en-aut-mei=Mikako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ItoshimaKoichi
en-aut-sei=Itoshima
en-aut-mei=Koichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio
en-aut-sei=Otsuka
en-aut-mei=Fumio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=hormones
kn-keyword=hormones
en-keyword=hyperprolactinemia
kn-keyword=hyperprolactinemia
en-keyword=inflammation
kn-keyword=inflammation
en-keyword=pituitary
kn-keyword=pituitary
en-keyword=prolactin
kn-keyword=prolactin
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=47
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=429
end-page=435
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200618
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The adequacy of resection margin for non-infiltrative soft-tissue sarcomas
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Objectives</br>
There remains no consensus on what constitutes an adequate margin of resection for non-infiltrative soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs). We aimed to investigate the role of resection margins in millimetres for non-infiltrative STSs.</br>
Methods</br>
502 patients who underwent surgical resection for a localized, non-infiltrative, high-grade STSs were studied. The prognostic significance of margin width was analysed and compared with the conventional R- and R+1-classification of surgical margins.</br>
Results</br>
The overall local recurrence (LR) rate was 13%; 9% and 27% with negative and positive margins, respectively (p < 0.001). In patients with negative margins, the LR rates were greater than 10% in patients with margins ≤5.0 mm but reduced to less than 4% with margins >5.0 mm. When classified by the R- (or R+1)-classification, the 5-year cumulative LR incidence was 8%, 23% (16%), and 31% for R0, R1, and R2, respectively, which did not stratify the LR risk with negative margins. On the other hand, an accurate risk stratification was possible by metric distance; the 5-year cumulative incidence of LR was 29%, 10%, and 1% with 0 mm, 0.1–5.0 mm, and >5.0 mm, respectively (p < 0.001). This classification also stratified the LR risk in patients with or without adjuvant radiotherapy.</br>
Conclusion</br>
While a negative margin is essential to optimize local control in patients with non-infiltrative STSs, surgical margin width greater than 5 mm minimises the risk of local failure regardless of the use of adjuvant radiotherapy.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujiwaraTomohiro
en-aut-sei=Fujiwara
en-aut-mei=Tomohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=StevensonJonathan
en-aut-sei=Stevenson
en-aut-mei=Jonathan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ParryMichael
en-aut-sei=Parry
en-aut-mei=Michael
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsudaYusuke
en-aut-sei=Tsuda
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KaneuchiYoichi
en-aut-sei=Kaneuchi
en-aut-mei=Yoichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=JeysLee
en-aut-sei=Jeys
en-aut-mei=Lee
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Oncology Service, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Oncology Service, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Oncology Service, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Oncology Service, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Oncology Service, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Soft-tissue sarcoma
kn-keyword=Soft-tissue sarcoma
en-keyword=Non-infiltrative subtype
kn-keyword=Non-infiltrative subtype
en-keyword=Margin
kn-keyword=Margin
en-keyword=Local recurrence
kn-keyword=Local recurrence
en-keyword=Prognosis
kn-keyword=Prognosis
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=35
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=303
end-page=308
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200826
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Low-grade soft-tissue sarcomas: What is an adequate margin for local disease control?
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background</br>
Whilst the resection margin is an established factor predictive of local control of soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs), the adequacy of margin width for low-grade STSs has been rarely described. We aimed to investigate the margin adequacy and its prognostic relevance in low-grade STSs.</br>
Methods</br>
109 patients who underwent surgical treatment for a low-grade STS were studied. The prognostic value of margin status was evaluated according to the R–, R+1–classification, and width in millimetres.</br>
Results</br>
The 10-year local recurrence (LR) rates were 6%, 27%, 54% in R0, R1, and R2, respectively (p < 0.001), according to the R–classification. The R+1–classification resulted in a decreased LR rate in R1, but no major differences in LR rates in R0 and R2; 7%, 14%, 54% in R0, R1, and R2, respectively (p < 0.001). When classified by metric distance, 10-year LR rates were 0%, 8%, and 38% by ≥ 2.0 mm, 0.1–1.9 mm, and 0 mm margins, respectively (p < 0.001). Patients with close margins (0.1–1.9 mm) who received adjuvant radiotherapy had a trend toward lower LR risk than those without radiotherapy (10-year, 4% vs. 12%; p = 0.406). The 5 and 10-year disease-specific mortality was 9% and 13%, respectively; margin width was not associated with disease-specific mortality but LR was a poor prognostic factor for survival (p = 0.003).</br>
Conclusion</br>
Whilst negative margin provided local control over 90%, excellent local control was achieved with microscopic margins ≥2 mm. The role of margins is more important than radiotherapy in local control. Margins do not determine survival, but LR is associated with a poor prognosis.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujiwaraTomohiro
en-aut-sei=Fujiwara
en-aut-mei=Tomohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KaneuchiYoichi
en-aut-sei=Kaneuchi
en-aut-mei=Yoichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsudaYusuke
en-aut-sei=Tsuda
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=StevensonJonathan
en-aut-sei=Stevenson
en-aut-mei=Jonathan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ParryMichael
en-aut-sei=Parry
en-aut-mei=Michael
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=JeysLee
en-aut-sei=Jeys
en-aut-mei=Lee
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Oncology Service, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Oncology Service, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Oncology Service, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Oncology Service, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Oncology Service, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Soft-tissue sarcoma
kn-keyword=Soft-tissue sarcoma
en-keyword=Low-grade
kn-keyword=Low-grade
en-keyword=Surgery
kn-keyword=Surgery
en-keyword=Margin
kn-keyword=Margin
en-keyword=Local control
kn-keyword=Local control
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=74
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=285
end-page=291
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=202008
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Comparison of Two Different Intensive Care Unit Systems for Severely Ill Children in Japan: Data from the JaRPAC Registry
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The importance of centralizing treatment services for severely ill children has been well established, but such entralization remains difficult in Japan. We aimed to compare the trauma and illness severity and mortality of children admitted to two common types of ICUs for children. According to the type of management and disposition of the medical provider, we classified ICUs as pediatric ICUs [PICUs] or general ICUs, and analyzed differences in endogenous and exogenous illness settings between them. Overall, 1,333 pediatric patients were included, with 1,143 patients admitted to PICUs and 190 patients to general ICUs. The Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category score (PCPC) at discharge was significantly lower in the PICU group (adjusted OR: 0.45; 95%CI: 0.23-0.88). Death and unfavorable neurological outcomes occurred less often in the PICU group (adjusted OR: 0.29; 95%CI: 0.14-0.60). However, when limited to exogenous illness, PCPC scores (adjusted OR: 0.38; 95%CI: 0.07-1.99) or death/unfavorable outcomes (adjusted OR: 0.72; 95%CI: 0.08-6.34) did not differ between the groups. PCPC deterioration and overall sequelae/death rates were lower in PICUs for children with endogenous illnesses, although the outcomes of exogenous illness were similar between the 2 unit types. Further studies on the necessity of centralization are warranted.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TsukaharaKohei
en-aut-sei=Tsukahara
en-aut-mei=Kohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NaitouHiromichi
en-aut-sei=Naitou
en-aut-mei=Hiromichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi
en-aut-sei=Yorifuji
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NosakaNobuyuki
en-aut-sei=Nosaka
en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoHirotsugu
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Hirotsugu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OsakoTakaaki
en-aut-sei=Osako
en-aut-mei=Takaaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori
en-aut-sei=Nakao
en-aut-mei=Atsunori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=the JaRPAC Study Group
en-aut-sei=the JaRPAC Study Group
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=
en-keyword=kids
kn-keyword=kids
en-keyword=critical care
kn-keyword=critical care
en-keyword=mortality
kn-keyword=mortality
en-keyword=morbidity
kn-keyword=morbidity
en-keyword=centralization
kn-keyword=centralization
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=132
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=18
end-page=24
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200401
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What should we adjust in multiple regression models? : Biases in observational studies
kn-title=多変量解析で何を調整するべきか―観察研究におけるバイアスの整理―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi
en-aut-sei=Yorifuji
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=頼藤貴志
kn-aut-sei=頼藤
kn-aut-mei=貴志
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　疫学・衛生学
en-keyword=疫学
kn-keyword=疫学
en-keyword=臨床研究
kn-keyword=臨床研究
en-keyword=観察研究
kn-keyword=観察研究
en-keyword=交絡要因
kn-keyword=交絡要因
en-keyword=交絡バイアス
kn-keyword=交絡バイアス
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=106
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=469
end-page=473
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200408
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Transtibial pullout repair of the lateral meniscus posterior root tear combined with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction reduces lateral meniscus extrusion: A retrospective study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background</br>
Lateral meniscus (LM) posterior root tear (PRT) is often associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and can result in rotational instability, joint overloading, and degenerative changes in the knee. Improved rotational stability and kinematics have been reported after LMPRT repair. However, it is unclear what repair technique can achieve the greatest reduction in LM extrusion (LME).</br>
Hypothesis</br>
We hypothesized that transtibial pullout repair would decrease LME to a greater extent than other repair techniques.</br>
Patients and methods</br>
Seventeen patients with ACL injury and complete LMPRT were evaluated. Nine underwent ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and transtibial pullout repair, and eight underwent ACLR and other repairs such as inside-out suturing. Double-bundle ACLR was performed using hamstring tendons, and LMPRT pullout repair was performed through the bone tunnel for the posterolateral bundle. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed immediately preoperatively and at > 6 months postoperatively, and LME was measured from coronal images only.</br>
Results</br>
A significantly greater decrease in the value of LME from pre- to postoperative measurement was observed in the transtibial pullout repair group (−0.5 ± 0.7 mm) than in the other-repair group (1.0 ± 0.9 mm, p < 0.01). Pre- and postoperative LME measurements were not significantly different between the two groups.</br>
Discussion</br>
The most important finding of this study was that transtibial pullout repair resulted in a greater decrease in LME than other repair techniques in patients with ACL injury and LMPRT. This technique might be useful for restoring hoop tension by decreasing LME.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki
en-aut-sei=Okazaki
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FurumatsuTakayuki
en-aut-sei=Furumatsu
en-aut-mei=Takayuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KamatsukiYusuke
en-aut-sei=Kamatsuki
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkazakiYoshiki
en-aut-sei=Okazaki
en-aut-mei=Yoshiki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MasudaShin
en-aut-sei=Masuda
en-aut-mei=Shin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HiranakaTakaaki
en-aut-sei=Hiranaka
en-aut-mei=Takaaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KodamaYuya
en-aut-sei=Kodama
en-aut-mei=Yuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyazawaShinichi
en-aut-sei=Miyazawa
en-aut-mei=Shinichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Toshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Anterior cruciate ligament
kn-keyword=Anterior cruciate ligament
en-keyword=Lateral meniscus
kn-keyword=Lateral meniscus
en-keyword=Posterior root tear
kn-keyword=Posterior root tear
en-keyword=Transtibial pullout repair
kn-keyword=Transtibial pullout repair
en-keyword=Meniscus extrusion
kn-keyword=Meniscus extrusion
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=25
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=1144
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200304
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Systematic Investigations of Annealing and Functionalization of Carbon Nanotube Yarns
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Carbon nanotube yarns (CNY) are a novel carbonaceous material and have received a great deal of interest since the beginning of the 21st century. CNY are of particular interest due to their useful heat conducting, electrical conducting, and mechanical properties. The electrical conductivity of carbon nanotube yarns can also be influenced by functionalization and annealing. A systematical study of this post synthetic treatment will assist in understanding what factors influences the conductivity of these materials. In this investigation, it is shown that the electrical conductivity can be increased by a factor of 2 and 5.5 through functionalization with acids and high temperature annealing respectively. The scale of the enhancement is dependent on the reducing of intertube space in case of functionalization. For annealing, not only is the highly graphitic structure of the carbon nanotubes (CNT) important, but it is also shown to influence the residual amorphous carbon in the structure. The promising results of this study can help to utilize CNY as a replacement for common materials in the field of electrical wiring.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ScholzMaik
en-aut-sei=Scholz
en-aut-mei=Maik
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HayashiYasuhiko
en-aut-sei=Hayashi
en-aut-mei=Yasuhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EckertVictoria
en-aut-sei=Eckert
en-aut-mei=Victoria
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KhavrusVyacheslav
en-aut-sei=Khavrus
en-aut-mei=Vyacheslav
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LeonhardtAlbrecht
en-aut-sei=Leonhardt
en-aut-mei=Albrecht
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BüchnerBernd
en-aut-sei=Büchner
en-aut-mei=Bernd
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MertigMichael
en-aut-sei=Mertig
en-aut-mei=Michael
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HampelSilke
en-aut-sei=Hampel
en-aut-mei=Silke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Material Research Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Material Research Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Material Research Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Material Research Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Material Research Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Institute for Physical Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Material Research Dresden, Helmholtzstr. 20
kn-affil=
en-keyword=carbon nanotube yarns
kn-keyword=carbon nanotube yarns
en-keyword=carbon nanotube
kn-keyword=carbon nanotube
en-keyword=functionalization
kn-keyword=functionalization
en-keyword=electrical conductivity
kn-keyword=electrical conductivity
en-keyword=annealing
kn-keyword=annealing
en-keyword=acid treatment
kn-keyword=acid treatment
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1388
end-page=1405
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200331
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=How Networks Among Frontline Offices Influence Regulatory Enforcement : Diffusion and Justification of Interpretation of Risk
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Street‐level interpretation and enforcement are critical to defining the meaning of law. To understand street‐level regulatory decisions, prior studies have highlighted internal office conditions, neglecting the influence that peer offices can have. This study examines the role of horizontal inter‐office interaction among frontline offices and illustrates how and under what conditions it shapes the meaning of law. Drawing on qualitative and quantitative data on Japan's Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act, this study reveals that inter‐office interaction occurs within fixed groups and comes to shape shared interpretations of law that regulators believe are legally valid. This implies that under legal ambiguity, inter‐office interactions develop institutionalized notions of appropriateness and reinforce the perception of legal consistency, which bolster the legitimacy of enforcement. Although peer office networks encourage convergence on the interpretation of law, because of their clustered structure, legal meanings develop differently across various groups.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HirataAyako
en-aut-sei=Hirata
en-aut-mei=Ayako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Law, Okayama University 
kn-affil=
en-keyword=environmental regulation
kn-keyword=environmental regulation
en-keyword=interpretation of law
kn-keyword=interpretation of law
en-keyword=networks among frontline offices
kn-keyword=networks among frontline offices
en-keyword=regulatory enforcement
kn-keyword=regulatory enforcement
en-keyword=street-level bureaucracy
kn-keyword=street-level bureaucracy
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=74
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=151
end-page=157
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=202004
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Non-traumatic Atypical Peri-implant Femoral Fracture at the Distal Screw after Short Femoral Nail Fixation for a Pertrochanteric Fracture
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= This is the second report of an atypical peri-implant femoral fracture occurring at the distal screw after intramedullary nail fixation of a pertrochanteric fracture. A 94-year-old Japanese female with a 5-year history of alendronate intake presented with prodromal pain in her right thigh after intramedullary nail fixation. Plain radiographs showed an incomplete noncomminuted transverse fracture at the distal screw, suggesting an atypical peri-implant femoral fracture. The pathogenesis of an atypical peri-implant femoral fracture could be a combined systemic bone metabolism disorder and repetitive overloading at the screw, similar to the pathogenesis of an atypical periprosthetic femoral fracture around stem implantation.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamamotoNorio
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Norio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Dan’uraTomoyuki
en-aut-sei=Dan’ura
en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NodaTomoyuki
en-aut-sei=Noda
en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Toshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Unnan City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Unnan City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Traumatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of  Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=atypical femoral fracture
kn-keyword=atypical femoral fracture
en-keyword=insufficiency fracture
kn-keyword=insufficiency fracture
en-keyword=bisphosphonate
kn-keyword=bisphosphonate
en-keyword=atypical peri-implant femoral fracture,
kn-keyword=atypical peri-implant femoral fracture,
en-keyword=atypical periprosthetic femoral fracture
kn-keyword=atypical periprosthetic femoral fracture
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=74
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=145
end-page=150
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=202004
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Efficacy of Mirabegron for the Relief of Ureteral Stent-Related Symptoms
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= To investigate the efficacy of mirabegron for lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with an indwelling ureteral stent after ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy. This was a prospective follow-up study of 76 patients with stent-related symptoms (SRSs). Patients with upper urinary calculi who were pre-stented for > 2 weeks before lithotripsy were examined for the presence of SRSs by tests including the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), OAB Symptom Score (OABSS), and urinary bother and pain measured by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before lithotripsy. Mirabegron (50 mg/day) was prescribed post-lithotripsy for 2 weeks. SRSs were assessed at the time of stent removal. The IPSS scores improved significantly from 16.2 to 14.3 (p<0.001) and the IPSS-QoL scores decreased significantly from 5.0 to 4.6 (p=0.012). The OABSS scores improved significantly from 7.7 to 6.8 (p=0.006), and the urinary urgency scores (OABSS-Q3) decreased significantly from 3.24 to 2.68 (p<0.001). The number of nocturia episodes decreased significantly from 2.5 to 2.2 (p=0.045). Urinary bother and pain assessed by the VAS declined from 4.2 and 3.1 to 3.8 (p=0.15) and 2.5 (p=0.075), respectively. Mirabegron significantly improved SRSs and the number of nocturia episodes due to a ureteral stent.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OtsukiHideo
en-aut-sei=Otsuki
en-aut-mei=Hideo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamasakiTomoya
en-aut-sei=Yamasaki
en-aut-mei=Tomoya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HoriShunsuke
en-aut-sei=Hori
en-aut-mei=Shunsuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AokiHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Aoki
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KosakaTakeo
en-aut-sei=Kosaka
en-aut-mei=Takeo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UeharaShinya
en-aut-sei=Uehara
en-aut-mei=Shinya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujioKei
en-aut-sei=Fujio
en-aut-mei=Kei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Urology, Abiko Toho Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Urology, Abiko Toho Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Urology, Abiko Toho Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Urology, Abiko Toho Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Urology, Keio University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Urology, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Urology, Abiko Toho Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=stent-related symptoms
kn-keyword=stent-related symptoms
en-keyword=overactive bladder
kn-keyword=overactive bladder
en-keyword=mirabegron
kn-keyword=mirabegron
en-keyword=ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy
kn-keyword=ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy
en-keyword=ureteral stent
kn-keyword=ureteral stent
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=10
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=215
end-page=229
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200320
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Improving Moral Courses in the Use of Care-Thinking Aiming for Children to Explore Together
kn-title=ケア的思考の活用による道徳科の授業改善 : 共同的に探求する子供をめざして
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract= Moral Courses in elementary and junior high school have been changed and requires a qualitative shift in teaching with thinking and discussing. The curriculum guidelines specifically show what moral lessons are aiming for, and the on-site teachers' awareness of improving the quality of classes has increased. Therefore, in order to provide a class in which children can explore their own way of life better, the emphasis on care thinking, which is one of the pluralistic thinking approaches advocated by Matthew Lipman, has been emphasized. We applied to class and worked on class improvement. I want to explore the effects of incorporating care thinking into moral education lessons in comparison with the past practice in which the author has gradually adopted creative thinking and critical thinking.
kn-abstract= 「特別の教科 道徳」となり，「考え，議論する道徳」への授業の質的転換が求められている。学習指導要領には，道徳科として目指す学びが具体的に示されており，現場の教員にも授業の質を改善するという意識が高まってきた。そこで，子供が共同的に自己のよりよい生き方を探求していくことができる授業となるよう，マシュー・リップマンの提唱する多元的思考アプローチの一つであるケア的思考を重視して道徳科の授業に応用し，授業改善に取り組んだ。筆者が創造的思考，批判的思考を段階的に取り入れてきたこれまでの実践と比較しながら実践を進め，道徳科の授業に，ケア的思考を意識的に取り入れることにより，創造的思考や批判的思考が活性化され，さらには三つの思考が作用し合うことが明らかになった。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OzakiMasami
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Masami
kn-aut-name=尾崎正美
kn-aut-sei=尾崎
kn-aut-mei=正美
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=ケア的思考 (Care-Thinking)
kn-keyword=ケア的思考 (Care-Thinking)
en-keyword=探求の共同体 (Community of Inquiry)
kn-keyword=探求の共同体 (Community of Inquiry)
en-keyword=道徳科授業 (Moral Courses)
kn-keyword=道徳科授業 (Moral Courses)
en-keyword=多元的思考アプローチ (Plural Thinking approach)
kn-keyword=多元的思考アプローチ (Plural Thinking approach)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=10
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=183
end-page=197
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200320
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Childcare Practice Study of Rythmique that Draws Proactive Physical Expression from Children (1st Report) : Mainly Including Cases of Classes for One, Two, and Three Years Old in a Childcare Facility
kn-title=子どもの主体的な身体表現を引き出すリトミックの保育実践研究（第一報）: 保育施設における１･２･３歳児学級の事例を中心にして
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract= When we outline recent prior-research with key words, “physical expression”,“music education”, “Rythmique” , and “play” , it was clarified that how we consider Rythmique had been changed in the history over 100 years and new study for Rythmique practice is required. Accordingly, this article discussed what children learn from Rythmique practice in a childcare facility and what is grown. As the result, the followings were suggested. i. One years old children are in a phase where they actively imitate their guardians. ii. For a class for two years old children, guardians need to take care of children so that they can freely express. iii. For a class for three years old children, it is important to feel comfort by which their mind can be released and concentrate on a subject of Rythmique or appearance of guardians, and feel pleasure to achieve something through how fun it is to exp ress.
kn-abstract= 近年の先行研究を「身体表現」「音楽教育」「リトミック」「遊戯」をキーワードに概観すると，100 年を超える歴史の中で，リトミックの捉え方が変容していることと，リトミックの新しい保育実践研究が必要であることが，明らかになった。そこで本論では，保育施設におけるリトミックの実践から，子どもが何を学び，何が育っているのかを論考した。その結果，以下のことが示唆された。(1)１歳児学級の子どもは，保育者の模倣を活発に行う段階である。(2)２歳児学級においては，子どもが自由に想像し表現できるよう，保育者は，配慮する必要がある。(3)３歳児学級においては，表現することの楽しさを通して心が解放される気持ち良さを感じることや，リトミックの主題や保育者の姿に集中することや，何かを達成する喜びを感じること等が重要である。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KOTAKESaori
en-aut-sei=KOTAKE
en-aut-mei=Saori
kn-aut-name=小竹沙織
kn-aut-sei=小竹
kn-aut-mei=沙織
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BABANoriko
en-aut-sei=BABA
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=馬場訓子
kn-aut-sei=馬場
kn-aut-mei=訓子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIKei
en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI
en-aut-mei=Kei
kn-aut-name=髙橋慧
kn-aut-sei=髙橋
kn-aut-mei=慧
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WATANABEYuzo
en-aut-sei=WATANABE
en-aut-mei=Yuzo
kn-aut-name=渡邊祐三
kn-aut-sei=渡邊
kn-aut-mei=祐三
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=髙橋敏之
kn-aut-sei=髙橋
kn-aut-mei=敏之
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=御南まんまるこども園

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部子ども教育学科

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=作陽音楽短期大学音楽学科

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=子ども (Child (Children))
kn-keyword=子ども (Child (Children))
en-keyword=身体表現 (Physical expression)
kn-keyword=身体表現 (Physical expression)
en-keyword=リトミック (Rythmique)
kn-keyword=リトミック (Rythmique)
en-keyword=保育実践 (Childcare practice)
kn-keyword=保育実践 (Childcare practice)
en-keyword=１･２･３歳児学級 (Classes for One, Two, and Three Years Old)
kn-keyword=１･２･３歳児学級 (Classes for One, Two, and Three Years Old)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=10
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=79
end-page=90
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200320
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Choosing a theme and designing its instructional units in Life-Unit Learning : Analyzing the impact on what and how students with intellectual disabilities have learned
kn-title=生活単元学習の単元設定・単元構成の在り方 : 2 年間実践された単元の授業評価結果からの検討
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= 本研究では、知的障害特別支援学校中学部において、同一集団、同一指導者によって2年間実践された「生活上の課題をもとにした」22 の生活単元学習の授業評価を行い、その結果を踏まえて、単元設定や単元構成の在り方について検討した。3 観点からなる観点別個別評価結果を基に各単元の評価を行った結果、観点別評価による各単元の特徴及び生徒個々の活動への取り組み方を確かめることができた。また、個々の単元の評価結果と、単元の活動経験の有無、活動の種類、単元目的の具体性、教師と生徒のいずれが提案した単元であるかという視点との明確な関連性は見られなかった。一方で、生徒が見通しをもつことのできる単純な単元構成、集団全体の課題解決場面の設定、人と関わりの多い場面設定と単元の評価結果との関連性が見られ、単元設定、単元構成におけるこれらの重要性が示唆された。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NAKAYAAkitaka
en-aut-sei=NAKAYA
en-aut-mei=Akitaka
kn-aut-name=仲矢明孝
kn-aut-sei=仲矢
kn-aut-mei=明孝
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=INOUEHironori
en-aut-sei=INOUE
en-aut-mei=Hironori
kn-aut-name=井上寛規
kn-aut-sei=井上
kn-aut-mei=寛規
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NOSERyoko
en-aut-sei=NOSE
en-aut-mei=Ryoko
kn-aut-name=能勢涼子
kn-aut-sei=能勢
kn-aut-mei=涼子
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山県立岡山南支援学校

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部附属特別支援学校
en-keyword=生活単元学習 (Life-Unit Learning)
kn-keyword=生活単元学習 (Life-Unit Learning)
en-keyword=単元設定 (theme selection)
kn-keyword=単元設定 (theme selection)
en-keyword=単元構成,授業評価 (unit plan development, lesson evaluation)
kn-keyword=単元構成,授業評価 (unit plan development, lesson evaluation)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=4
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=168
end-page=185
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20191230
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What Should International Student Dormitories Be at Okayama University？: Current State and Issues of the International Student Shared House and Other Dormitories
kn-title=岡山大学における留学生宿舎の在り方 : 国際学生シェアハウスの実態と課題を中心に
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= 岡山大学の留学生宿舎の36 年の歴史の中で、寮規則の遵守、人間関係の構築、施設や人的リソース不足など多種多様な課題が指摘されてきた。3 年前に開所した混住型の国際学生シェアハウスにおいて新たに日本人学生が関与する問題が追加発生したこともあり、教育資源として寮を活用する視点から一転して、効率化のために管理を外注化する方向に舵を切った。留学生活の基盤となる住環境を整えることは元来、費用や労力のかかることであり、日常的に起こる課題を解決するためには、責任感のあるリーダー的日本人学生の果たす役割が小さくない。その一方で、課題解決できる日本人学生の育成には、きめ細かい指導・助言に加えて、教育資源としての寮の活用という大学のビジョンと推進力が必要である。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=UZUKAMariko
en-aut-sei=UZUKA
en-aut-mei=Mariko
kn-aut-name=宇塚万里子
kn-aut-sei=宇塚
kn-aut-mei=万里子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OKAMasumi
en-aut-sei=OKA
en-aut-mei=Masumi
kn-aut-name=岡益巳
kn-aut-sei=岡
kn-aut-mei=益巳
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FUJIMOTOMasumi
en-aut-sei=FUJIMOTO
en-aut-mei=Masumi
kn-aut-name=藤本真澄
kn-aut-sei=藤本
kn-aut-mei=真澄
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学言語教育センター

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学名誉教授

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学全学教育・学生支援機構
en-keyword=国際シェアハウス
kn-keyword=国際シェアハウス
en-keyword=ユニットリーダー
kn-keyword=ユニットリーダー
en-keyword=フロアリーダー
kn-keyword=フロアリーダー
en-keyword=異文化理解
kn-keyword=異文化理解
en-keyword=教育資源
kn-keyword=教育資源
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=74
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=59
end-page=63
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=202002
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Examination of the Causality Relationship between Psychological Distress and Social Participation in Elderly People: A Pilot Study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Few studies have considered the causal relationship between psychological distress and social participation in elderly people. Here we investigated this relationship based on an initial survey and a follow-up survey. In 2016, a survey was distributed to 86 participants. A follow-up survey of 80 of those participants was performed in 2017. We adopted the following variables: psychological distress and social participation as represented by the Kessler psychological distress scale and social participation scores, respectively. By using cross-lagged and synchronous effects models, we found that the 2016 Kessler psychological distress scale had a significant influence on the 2017 social participation scores (standardization factor=−0.221, p=0.020) and the 2017 Kessler psychological distress scale significantly influenced the 2017 social participation scores (standardization factor=−0.345, p=0.039). The results suggest that psychological distress may affect social participation one year later.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OwariYutaka
en-aut-sei=Owari
en-aut-mei=Yutaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyatakeNobuyuki
en-aut-sei=Miyatake
en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SuzukiHiromi
en-aut-sei=Suzuki
en-aut-mei=Hiromi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Shikoku Medical College
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=causal relationship
kn-keyword=causal relationship
en-keyword=elderly people
kn-keyword=elderly people
en-keyword=psychological distress
kn-keyword=psychological distress
en-keyword=social participation
kn-keyword=social participation
en-keyword=structural equation modeling (SEM)
kn-keyword=structural equation modeling (SEM)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=74
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=17
end-page=26
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=202002
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Relationship between a High-inspired Oxygen Concentration and Dorsal Atelectasis in High-energy Trauma Patients
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= We performed a retrospective cohort study of 911 high-energy trauma patients who underwent chest CT scans at least twice after admission. We hypothesized that in high-energy trauma patients, a high-inspired oxygen concentration delivered after admission results in dorsal atelectasis. The study’s primary outcome was dorsal atelectasis formation diagnosed based on CT images. We defined dorsal atelectasis as the presence of atelectasis at ≥ 10 mm thick on CT images. We defined high-inspired oxygen concentration as >60% oxygen delivered between two CT scans. Four hundred sixty-five patients (51.0%) developed atelectasis according to the second CT scan, and 338 (37.1%) received a high-inspired oxygen concentration. A univariate analysis showed that the rate of the high-inspired oxygen concentration in the atelectasis group was significantly higher than that in the non-atelectasis group (43.4% vs. 30.1%, p<0.001). However, a logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between the oxygen concentration and the formation of dorsal atelectasis (OR: 1.197, 95%CI: 0.852-1.683, p=0.30). Age, the Injury Severity Score, BMI, and smoking were found to be risk factors of dorsal atelectasis formation in high-energy trauma patients. There was no relationship between the oxygen concentration and atelectasis formation in our series of high-energy trauma patients.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IshiiKenzo
en-aut-sei=Ishii
en-aut-mei=Kenzo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Morimatsu
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OnoKazumi
en-aut-sei=Ono
en-aut-mei=Kazumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyashoKoji
en-aut-sei=Miyasho
en-aut-mei=Koji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Oncological Pain Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Oncological Pain Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil= Department of  Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=trauma patient
kn-keyword=trauma patient
en-keyword=dorsal atelectasis
kn-keyword=dorsal atelectasis
en-keyword=oxygen concentration
kn-keyword=oxygen concentration
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=477
cd-vols=
no-issue=8
article-no=
start-page=1892
end-page=1901
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=201908
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Temporary External External Fixation Can Stabilize Hip Transposition Arthroplasty After Resection of Malignant Periacetabular Bone Tumors
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background: The choice of reconstructive procedure to restore limb function is challenging after internal hemipelvectomy. Hip transposition arthroplasty, also known as resection arthroplasty, removes a malignant or aggressive tumor of the pelvis and acetabulum after which the remaining femoral head is moved proximally to the lateral surface side of the sacrum or the underside of the resected ilium after internal hemipelvectomy. It may provide reasonable functional results and have some advantages such as lowering the risk of an infected implant compared with other reconstructions because no foreign implants are used. Hip transposition is generally managed with prolonged bed rest or immobilization postoperatively to stabilize the soft tissue surrounding the remaining femur. Because enabling patients to be mobile while the soft tissues heal might be advantageous, we reviewed our experience with an external fixation for this procedure.<br/>
Questions/purposes: (1) Does temporary external fixation facilitate postoperative physiotherapy in patients who undergo hip transposition arthroplasty? (2) What functional Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scores were achieved at short term in a small series of patients treated with hip transposition and temporary external fixation? (3) What were the complications of using external fixation in a small series of patients who received it for malignant tumors?<br/>
Methods: Between 2008 and 2012, we treated seven patients (three men and four women; median age, 37 years; age range, 18-53 years) with acetabular resection for malignant bone tumors; all were managed with a hip transposition, initially stabilized using external fixation. No other types of procedures were used for this indication in this period. Minimum followup in this retrospective study was 45 months, except for one patient who died at 18 months (range of followup duration, 18-90 months; median followup, 57 months), and no patients were lost to followup. The pins for external fixation were inserted into the affected side of the femur and the healthy contralateral ilium. External fixation was removed 6 weeks postoperatively and weightbearing was started at that time. Preoperative chemotherapy was administrated in four patients, but postoperative chemotherapy was delayed since it was given after external fixation removal in three patients. The postoperative rehabilitation course and functional results were assessed by chart review, functional results were determined using MSTS scores, tallied by physiotherapists who were not part of the surgical team, and complications were ascertained through chart review. Major complications were defined as complications that were treated with additional operations, such as deep infection, or ones that could cause severe postoperative dysfunction, such as nerve injury.<br/>
Results: With temporary external fixation, standing next to a bed was achieved in median 7 days (range, 6-9 days) postoperatively, transferring to a wheel chair in median 8 days (range, 6-28 days), and gait training using parallel bars in median 15 days (range, 7-48 days). At most recent followup, three patients could walk without a crutch or cane, three could walk with a cane, and one could walk with a crutch. The median MSTS score at most recent followup (median, 57 months) was 63%. Two patients had complications that resulted in reoperations; one had a wound dehiscence, and one had an abdominal herniation that gradually developed, and which was reconstructed using polypropylene mesh 2 years after pelvic resection. Two patients had nerve palsies that recovered by the end of the first year. All patients had pin tract infections that resolved with nonsurgical approaches.<br/>
Conclusions: Hip transposition with temporary external fixation can stabilize the bone soft tissue after pelvic resection. Although we did not have a comparison group of patients, we believe that external fixation facilitates early postoperative physiotherapy and rehabilitation and provides good functional results without major surgical complications. Because it delays the resumption of chemotherapy, more patients with longer followup are needed to determine whether this will be associated with poorer oncologic results.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KunisadaToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Kunisada
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujiwaraTomohiro
en-aut-sei=Fujiwara
en-aut-mei=Tomohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HaseiJoe
en-aut-sei=Hasei
en-aut-mei=Joe
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakataEiji
en-aut-sei=Nakata
en-aut-mei=Eiji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SendaMasuo
en-aut-sei=Senda
en-aut-mei=Masuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Toshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=48
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=171
end-page=189
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20191220
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Study of U Hla’s Experiences in Japan in 1936
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= In this paper, I focus on the characteristics of Japan and the Japanese people as portrayed in his writings by U Hla, a trader from Myanmar who studied the Japanese economy and industry, and the behaviour of the Japanese people during his visit to Japan in 1936. The aim of this paper is to know why U Hla wanted to visit Japan, what he learnt during his business trip to Japan, what kind of knowledge he acquired from Japan, why he was interested in the banking system, and how he applied the knowledge he gained in Japan after he returned to Myanmar. The primary and secondary sources for this study came from the National Library of Myanmar, Universities’Central Library, University of Yangon Library, University of Maubin Library, and Internet archives.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=Ei Thandar Aung
en-aut-sei=Ei Thandar Aung
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=エイ タンダー アウン
kn-aut-sei=エイ タンダー アウン
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=大学院社会文化科学研究科　博士後期課程
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=73
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=479
end-page=486
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=201912
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Correlations between Depressive Condition and Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms in Patients Visiting a Department of General Medicine
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= To clarify the potential relevance of patients’ chief complaints at a general medicine department to their self-rating depression scale (SDS) and frequency scale for symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (FSSG) scores, we analyzed data of 478 patients who visited our general medicine department. The chief complaints (553 symptoms of 447 patients) were categorized into major symptom-based groups: respiratory (31%), circulatory (3%), gastrointestinal (GI) tract (26%), neurology (8%), orthopedic and skin (10%), and systemic (22%) symptoms. The SDS score tended to be higher in females and younger patients. The FSSG score did not differ by gender but was higher in younger patients. The patients receiving social welfare had higher SDS and FSSG scores. A close inter-relationship between the FSSG (including both degrees of reflux and dysmotility) and SDS was observed in all patients. Although the averages of the SDS and FSSG scores were not significantly different among the symptom-based categories, we observed significantly positive correlations between the FSSG and SDS in each category, suggesting that depressive status may be closely related to GERD-related symptoms regardless of the patients’ chief complaints. An initial checkup of patients’ psychological condition and/or GERD-like symptoms could help screen for latent disorders in outpatients with uncertain complaints.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SuganamiYu
en-aut-sei=Suganami
en-aut-mei=Yu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkaKosuke
en-aut-sei=Oka
en-aut-mei=Kosuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HanayamaYoshihisa
en-aut-sei=Hanayama
en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki
en-aut-sei=Honda
en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HamaharaJun
en-aut-sei=Hamahara
en-aut-mei=Jun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ObikaMikako
en-aut-sei=Obika
en-aut-mei=Mikako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KariyamaKazuya
en-aut-sei=Kariyama
en-aut-mei=Kazuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KishidaMasayuki
en-aut-sei=Kishida
en-aut-mei=Masayuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio
en-aut-sei=Otsuka
en-aut-mei=Fumio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=chief complaints
kn-keyword=chief complaints
en-keyword=frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (FSSG)
kn-keyword=frequency scale for the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (FSSG)
en-keyword=self-rating depression scale (SDS)
kn-keyword=self-rating depression scale (SDS)
en-keyword=welfare
kn-keyword=welfare
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=46
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=277
end-page=281
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20191008
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=What is an adequate margin for infiltrative soft-tissue sarcomas?
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Objectives</br>
What constitutes an adequate margin of resection for infiltrative subtypes of soft-tissue sarcomas remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prognostic significance of the margin in millimetres for myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS).</br>
Methods</br>
305 patients diagnosed with either a high-grade, localised MFS (n = 98) or UPS (n = 207) were included. The relationship of closest margin in millimetres to viable tumour and oncological outcomes was analysed.</br>
Results</br>
The overall local recurrence (LR) rate for all patients were 12%: 19% with positive margin and 10% with negative margin (p = 0.051). The LR rate was similar in patients with negative but <10 mm margin; 13%, 6%, 15%, 17% with 0.1–0.9 mm, 1.0–1.9 mm, 2.0–4.9 mm, and 5.0–9.9 mm margin, respectively. However, the LR rate decreased to 3% if the margin was ≥10 mm. By the R- or R+1-classification, the 10-year cumulative probability of LR was 9%, 15%, 48% for R0, R1, R2 resections, respectively, which was not sensitive enough to stratify the LR risk in patients with negative margins. However, the cumulative probability of LR was significantly stratified by metric distance; the 10-year cumulative LR probability was 3%, 14%, 25% with ≥10.0 mm, 0.1–9.9 mm, and 0 mm, respectively (p = 0.026). A trend towards improved local control by adjuvant radiotherapy was seen in patients with 0–9.9 mm margin (p = 0.078).</br>
Conclusion</br>
The resection margin, when measured as a metric distance, correlates with a reduction in LR, and appears to be more significant on local control than radiotherapy. To minimise the risk of LR, a margin distance of at least 10 mm is advocated for MFS and UPS.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujiwaraTomohiro
en-aut-sei=Fujiwara
en-aut-mei=Tomohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=StevensonJonathan
en-aut-sei=Stevenson
en-aut-mei=Jonathan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ParryMichael
en-aut-sei=Parry
en-aut-mei=Michael
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsudaYusuke
en-aut-sei=Tsuda
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsoiKim
en-aut-sei=Tsoi
en-aut-mei=Kim
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=JeysLee
en-aut-sei=Jeys
en-aut-mei=Lee
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Oncology, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Soft-tissue sarcoma
kn-keyword=Soft-tissue sarcoma
en-keyword=Myxofibrosarcoma
kn-keyword=Myxofibrosarcoma
en-keyword=Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma
kn-keyword=Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma
en-keyword=Margin
kn-keyword=Margin
en-keyword=Prognosis
kn-keyword=Prognosis
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=73
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=433
end-page=440
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=201910
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Relationship between Intracellular Signaling of the (Pro)renin Receptor and the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= An association between preeclampsia and (pro)renin was recently reported. Intracellular signaling of the (pro) renin receptor [(P)RR] increases the expressions of TGF-β and PAI-1. In this study we sought to clarify the involvement of (pro)renin in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia via the intracellular signaling of (P)RR on preeclampsia placentas. Activated (pro)renin plasma concentrations were compared between pregnant women with (n=15) and without (n=28) preeclampsia. The placentas were immunohistochemically evaluated with anti-HIF-1α and anti-(P)RR antibodies. HTR-8/SVneo cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions and treated with human recombinant (pro)renin. The mRNA expressions of HIF-1α, (P)RR, PAI-1, TGF-β, and ET-1 were also examined by real-time RCR. The activated (pro)renin plasma concentration was significantly higher in the third vs. the second trimester in the preeclampsia patients. HIF-1α and (P)RR expressions were significantly increased in the preeclampsia placentas. The mRNA expressions of PAI-1, TGF-β, and ET-1 were significantly increased in the experiments using recombinant (pro)renin vs. hypoxic conditions. (P)RR expression in preeclampsia placentas is increased by persistent hypoxia through the second and third trimesters, and PAI-1, TGF-β, and ET-1 production is increased via (P)RR. Our results suggest that ET-1 production via the intracellular signaling of (P)RR is important in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TamadaShoko
en-aut-sei=Tamada
en-aut-mei=Shoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MitsuiTakashi
en-aut-sei=Mitsui
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OhiraAkiko
en-aut-sei=Ohira
en-aut-mei=Akiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TaniKazumasa
en-aut-sei=Tani
en-aut-mei=Kazumasa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MakiJota
en-aut-sei=Maki
en-aut-mei=Jota
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EguchiTakeshi
en-aut-sei=Eguchi
en-aut-mei=Takeshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EtoEriko
en-aut-sei=Eto
en-aut-mei=Eriko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HayataKei
en-aut-sei=Hayata
en-aut-mei=Kei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi
en-aut-sei=Masuyama
en-aut-mei=Hisashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=preeclampsia
kn-keyword=preeclampsia
en-keyword=(pro)renin
kn-keyword=(pro)renin
en-keyword=(pro)renin receptor
kn-keyword=(pro)renin receptor
en-keyword=endothelin-1
kn-keyword=endothelin-1
en-keyword=HTR-8/SVneo
kn-keyword=HTR-8/SVneo
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=73
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=299
end-page=305
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=201908
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Tuberosity-overlapping Fixation of the Humeral Shaft in Humeral Head Replacement Surgery
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= The fixation technique of bony fragments is crucial for the bone union of the tuberosities after humeral head replacement (HHR) for a comminuted fracture of the proximal humerus. To increase the bone union rate, we reduce tuberosities to overlap on the humeral shaft by approx. 1 cm and fix them with cable wire. Herein, we retrospectively investigated the clinical and radiographic outcomes of our procedure. Twenty-six patients who underwent cementless HHR for the treatment of comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus were investigated. The Constant-Murley score, active shoulder mobility, and bone union rate were evaluated. The mean duration of follow-up was 56.3 months (range 24-197). At the final follow-up, the average Constant-Murley score was 58 (range 40-76). Forward elevation was 126° on average (range 35°-180°). Twenty-three cases (88%) showed bone union between the tuberosities and the shaft at an average follow-up of 4.1 months (range 4-5 months) after surgery. Non-union was noted in 1 case, and bone resorption was noted in 2 cases. The bone union rate and the clinical outcome of our procedure were relatively favorable
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HiranakaTakaaki
en-aut-sei=Hiranaka
en-aut-mei=Takaaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishidaKeiichiro
en-aut-sei=Nishida
en-aut-mei=Keiichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KonishiikeTaizo
en-aut-sei=Konishiike
en-aut-mei=Taizo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Toshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MikasaMotohiko
en-aut-sei=Mikasa
en-aut-mei=Motohiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=cDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Matsudo Orthopaedic Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=humeral head replacement
kn-keyword=humeral head replacement
en-keyword=tuberosity-overlapping technique
kn-keyword=tuberosity-overlapping technique
en-keyword=bone union of tuberosities
kn-keyword=bone union of tuberosities
en-keyword=cable wire
kn-keyword=cable wire
en-keyword=cementless stem
kn-keyword=cementless stem
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=171
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=39
end-page=46
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20190726
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What Sexual Minorities in Adulthood Want for the Present School Education
kn-title=成人期以降の性的マイノリティ当事者が学校生活を振り返って，学校教育に求めること
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　本研究の目的は，カミングアウトが難しい性的マイノリティ当事者が学校教育にどのような支援を望んでいるのか明らかにすることである。方法として質問紙調査を行った。質問紙作成にあたり，当事者への学校での支援について文献検索を行い，主に授業外で取り組む支援例を収集した。収集した支援例の評価を当事者18 名に依頼した。学校教育に求めていることは，相談してきた児童生徒の気持ちに寄り添うこと，第三者に知られないよう配慮すること，性の多様性と正しい知識を教えることであった。また，「開示しようとしまいと，いることを前提とする」学校になってほしいと希望していることが伺えた。教員は性的マイノリティの児童生徒が抱える困難さを重要な課題と捉え，いつでも誰でも相談できる環境づくりや，児童生徒の気持ちを尊重する努力が必要とされていると考える。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SASAKIArata
en-aut-sei=SASAKI
en-aut-mei=Arata
kn-aut-name=佐々木新
kn-aut-sei=佐々木
kn-aut-mei=新
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AMANOYumi
en-aut-sei=AMANO
en-aut-mei=Yumi
kn-aut-name=天野佑美
kn-aut-sei=天野
kn-aut-mei=佑美
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OHMORIIori
en-aut-sei=OHMORI
en-aut-mei=Iori
kn-aut-name=大守伊織
kn-aut-sei=大守
kn-aut-mei=伊織
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=The Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education (Doctor’s Course), Hyogo University of Teacher Education
kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Education (Master’s Course), Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科（修士課程）　

affil-num=3
en-affil=Division of Developmental Studies and Support, Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=性的マイノリティ
kn-keyword=性的マイノリティ
en-keyword=学校教育
kn-keyword=学校教育
en-keyword=環境的整備
kn-keyword=環境的整備
en-keyword=支援
kn-keyword=支援
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=35
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=18
end-page=21
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=201906
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What kind of environmental enrichment does mother mouse want?
kn-title=母マウスが望む環境エンリッチメントとは？ : 環境エンリッチメント選びを考える
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Environmental enrichment, whose material is commercially available, is today thought to improve animal welfare, for instance, control of stress. There were some reports that these report contribution of suppression of stress, which the mother mice suffer during nursing their pup. However, the effects on stress-suppression by introducing the enrichment materials is unknown. In this study, determined plasma and urinary corticosterone in the mother mice with or without the materials from their making to weaning.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IshiharaSumire
en-aut-sei=Ishihara
en-aut-mei=Sumire
kn-aut-name=石原すみれ
kn-aut-sei=石原
kn-aut-mei=すみれ
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学 自然生命科学研究支援センター
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=35
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=2
end-page=8
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=201906
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The mammalian pigmentary system - a model experimental system for exploring the functional divergence of a differentiated cell type
kn-title=色素細胞系 : 生命機能発現機構解明の１モデルシステム
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= There are two cell lineages of mammalian melanin pigment cells, one that leads to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in the eye from the optic cup and the other leading to melanocytes from vertebrate-specific neural crest cells. Melanocyte precursors have high mobility and migrate and settle into various tissues and organs, including the skin, choroid, inner ear, heart, brain, adipose tissue, lung, etc. It is well known that RPE cells are essential for visual acuity and that melanocytes in the skin provide protection against UV-damage. So, what is the function of extracutaneous melanocytes that are distributed elsewhere in the body where only very small amounts of light illuminate their existence? Here I would like to briefly introduce our research history and then discuss the important roles of melanocytes in the inner ear that are indispensable for hearing ability and those in the choroid where they seem to contribute to maintaining the structures of their habitats.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamamotoHiroaki
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Hiroaki
kn-aut-name=山本博章
kn-aut-sei=山本
kn-aut-mei=博章
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Bioscience Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology
kn-affil=長浜バイオ大学バイオサイエンス学部
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=33
end-page=47
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=20180629
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What Are Little Worlds Made of ? : White New York Mandala as Described by Paul Auster
kn-title=世界は何でできている？ : Paul Auster が描く白い世界曼荼羅
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakataniHitomi
en-aut-sei=Nakatani
en-aut-mei=Hitomi
kn-aut-name=中谷ひとみ
kn-aut-sei=中谷
kn-aut-mei=ひとみ
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=34
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=10
end-page=16
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=201804
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What enables hibernation? : insights from a mammalian hibernator, Syrian hamster
kn-title=冬眠する哺乳類シリアンハムスターに学ぶ、冬眠可能な生体状態とは？
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Hibernation is an adaptive strategy for surviving during periods with little or no food availability, by profoundly reducing the metabolic rate and the core body temperature (Tb). Mammalian hibernators store fat extensively in white adipose tissues (WATs) during pre-hibernation period to prepare for hibernation. Thus, they undergo adaptive body remodelling in autumn, the pre-hibernation period, prior to hibernation, whereas little is known about the physiological and molecular mechanisms of the pre-hibernation remodelling. Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) are facultative hibernators that can hibernate irrespective of seasons when exposed to prolonged short photoperiod and cold ambient temperature (SD-Cold) conditions. We found that before the initiation of hibernation, the body mass of Syrian hamsters decreased below a threshold, indicating that hibernation in this species depends on body condition. Global profiling of gene expression in various tissues of animals during the pre-hibernation period and hibernation period identified adaptive changes for hibernation at molecular level. Thus, Syrian hamsters as a model animal to study hibernation provide us a unique and convenient opportunity to analyse molecular and physiological mechanisms of adaptive pre-hibernation remodelling under a laboratory condition.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamaguchiYoshifumi
en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi
en-aut-mei=Yoshifumi
kn-aut-name=山口良文
kn-aut-sei=山口
kn-aut-mei=良文
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Tokyo
kn-affil=東京大学 大学院薬学系研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=72
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=143
end-page=151
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=201804
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Descriptive Study of Gender Dysphoria in Japanese Individuals with Male-to-Female Gender Identity Disorder
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= We focus on Japanese individuals with gender identity disorder (GID), especially male-to-female (MTF) GID, who have experienced difficulty in adapting to social life. We clarify what gender dysphoria is, and we examine methods of intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 individuals with MTF-GID from August 2015 to April 2017. We categorized the subjects’experiences regarding dysphoria into the ‘Onset of gender dysphoria,’ ‘Experience of feeling gender dysphoria,’ and ‘Changes due to receiving medical care.’ The subjects reported experiencing great pain and distress because they did not fully understand that they were experiencing dysphoria and could not align their gender identity and their self-identity. All subjects described their experiences of dysphoria as negative. Additionally, all said that the dysphoria was alleviated by a medical intervention such as visiting a gender clinic, receiving a diagnosis and treatment, and changing their physical sex to the sex congruent with their gender identity. The provision of information at the gender clinic and the physical changes achieved by medical intervention exerted a positive effect both mentally and socially on the subjects, who suffered various physical, mental and social problems.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ShinoharaYoshie
en-aut-sei=Shinohara
en-aut-mei=Yoshie
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakatsukaMikiya
en-aut-sei=Nakatsuka
en-aut-mei=Mikiya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Gender Clinic, Okayama University Hospital,
kn-affil=
en-keyword=gender identity disorder
kn-keyword=gender identity disorder
en-keyword=gender dysphoria
kn-keyword=gender dysphoria
en-keyword=gender identity
kn-keyword=gender identity
en-keyword=male to female
kn-keyword=male to female
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=8
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=14
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=20180320
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Ask for future morality : Pursuing new morality thought from the viewpoint of educational philosophy
kn-title=これからの道徳性を問う : 教育哲学の視点から考える新たな道徳性への追求
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract= Due to the marked decline of morality that spans inhuman tasks that progress with modernization after the war, today's day In books we come to review true morality. In this article, we will examine what kind of thing is "morality", based on a questionnaire survey by current university students, to explore the true meaning of university students who are going to achieve adulthood today and are new to society, And the way of moral education in school education.
 As a result, morality and future tasks in today's college students were found, suggesting that "respect for life", "normative consciousness", "trust relationship" etc. are important as future morality. In addition, we examined these morality based on the theory of historical thinkers (educational philosophers) and made clear the morality necessary for the future in the future.
kn-abstract= 戦後の近代化と共に進む、非人道的な課題に及ぶ道徳性の著しい衰退により、今日の日本では、真の道徳性について見直す時にきている。本稿では、「道徳性」とはどのようなことなのか、現在の大学生によるアンケート調査をもとに、今日、成人を遂げ、新たに社会に巣立とうとしている大学生の真意を探ると共に、今後の課題と学校教育における道徳教育の在り方について検討した。
　その結果、今日の大学生における道徳性と今後の課題が見出され、「生命への尊重」「規範意識」「信頼関係」などが今後の道徳性として重要であることが示唆された。なお、これらの道徳性について、歴史上の思想家（教育哲学者）の理論をもとに検証し、今後の未来に必要な道徳性について明らかとした。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SkudaKiyohiro
en-aut-sei=Skuda
en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro
kn-aut-name=作田澄泰
kn-aut-sei=作田
kn-aut-mei=澄泰
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakayamaYoshikazu
en-aut-sei=Nakayama
en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu
kn-aut-name=中山芳一
kn-aut-sei=中山
kn-aut-mei=芳一
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Waseda University institute of teacher education
kn-affil=早稲田大学教師教育研究所

affil-num=2
en-affil=Okayama University whole school education and student support organization
kn-affil=岡山大学全学教育・学生支援機構
en-keyword=戦後の道徳性の意義 (Significance of postwar morality)
kn-keyword=戦後の道徳性の意義 (Significance of postwar morality)
en-keyword=生きることへの意味 (meaning to live)
kn-keyword=生きることへの意味 (meaning to live)
en-keyword=善の生き方 (how to live good)
kn-keyword=善の生き方 (how to live good)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=49
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=79
end-page=108
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=20180319
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The positioning of White Russians in Manchukuo : The actual condition of Orientals and Westerners in “Co-Existence and Co-Prosperity” and “Racial Harmony” Society
kn-title=満洲国における白系ロシア人の位置付け : 東洋人と西洋人の共存共栄・民族協和社会の実態
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= The positioning of White Russians in Manchukuo society is an important topic, especially taking into account that they were announced as“ citizens” of a New State. This article examines the actual economic and social condition of White Russians comparing to other ethnic groups in Manchukuo society, especially to Japanese and Manchurians/Chinese. The author will present the differences between the public propaganda for White Russians and the reality which they had experienced in Manchukuo. It is hoped that this article will show what kind of“ Racial Harmony （minzoku kyowa）” and“ Harmony of the Five Races（ gozoku kyowa）” society were created in the New State in case of minority group such as White Russians.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=DmitrievaElena 
en-aut-sei=Dmitrieva
en-aut-mei=Elena 
kn-aut-name=ドミートリエヴァエレーナ
kn-aut-sei=ドミートリエヴァ
kn-aut-mei=エレーナ
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=49
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=65
end-page=77
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=20180319
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=フランスにおけるメトロポールの誕生と開発評議会 : ストラスブール・ユーロメトロポールを一例に
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= This article shows the relation between urban development and local democracy in France by analyzing Metropole City and the Development Council. Metropole City supports its innovation industry through contracts with the State-Metropole City, French Tech, and university investment in different stakeholders such as economic groups and universities. This article puts forward the following questions. First, what kinds of networks does Metropole City create to win global city competitions? Second, how does the Development Council function after the MAPTAM law of 2014 and the NOTRe law of 2015? To answer these questions, this article uses Strasbourg Eurométropole as an example.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IwabuchiYasushi
en-aut-sei=Iwabuchi
en-aut-mei=Yasushi
kn-aut-name=岩淵泰
kn-aut-sei=岩淵
kn-aut-mei=泰
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学地域総合研究センター
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=70
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=23
end-page=28
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=201707
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Complete right bundle branch block and QRS-T discordance can be the initial clue to detect S-ICD ineligibility
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=BACKGROUND: 
In order to minimize inappropriate shocks of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (S-ICD), it is important to recognize who is suitable for S-ICD indication. This study aimed to clarify what types of cardiac disease are likely to fulfill the S-ICD screening criteria and ineligible factors for S-ICD in the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). 
METHODS: 
A total of 348 patients with heart disease were enrolled. They were assessed by supine and standing ECG recording to simulate the 3 S-ICD sensing vectors and standard 12-lead ECG, simultaneously. Clinical and ECG characteristics were analyzed to compare the patients who are eligible and ineligible with S-ICD screening ECG indication. 
RESULTS: 
The mean age of study patients was 49±21 years and 244 (70%) were men. Nineteen percent of patients were unsuitable for S-ICD. There was no significant difference in ineligibility for S-ICD among cardiac diseases (p=0.48). Univariate analysis showed complete right bundle branch block (CRBBB), QRS-T discordance in lead II, and QRS-T discordance in 3 leads (I, II, and aVF) were more frequent in patients who were ineligible for S-ICD than in the eligible group. Multivariate regression analysis showed CRBBB and QRS-T discordance in 3 leads were independent predictors for ineligibility of S-ICD. 
CONCLUSION: 
There are no differences in eligibility of S-ICD among types of cardiac diseases. CRBBB and QRS-T discordance were independent predictors for ineligibility.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TachibanaMotomi
en-aut-sei=Tachibana
en-aut-mei=Motomi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiiNobuhiro
en-aut-sei=Nishii
en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MorimotoYoshimasa
en-aut-sei=Morimoto
en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KawadaSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Kawada
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyoshiAkihito
en-aut-sei=Miyoshi
en-aut-mei=Akihito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SugiyamaHiroyasu
en-aut-sei=Sugiyama
en-aut-mei=Hiroyasu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakagawaKoji
en-aut-sei=Nakagawa
en-aut-mei=Koji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeAtsuyuki
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Atsuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamuraKazufumi
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Kazufumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MoritaHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Morita
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ItoHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Ito
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
kn-keyword=Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
en-keyword=Sudden cardiac death
kn-keyword=Sudden cardiac death
en-keyword=Ventricular arrhythmia
kn-keyword=Ventricular arrhythmia
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=67
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=334
end-page=305
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=20171225
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What is Wrong with the Coexistence of Different Election Rules in the Same Country? : A Critical Argument in the Light of the Principle of Local Autonomy
kn-title=政党システム中心の選挙制度改革論と地方自治 : 異なる価値前提を巡る若干の考察
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TaniSatomi
en-aut-sei=Tani
en-aut-mei=Satomi
kn-aut-name=谷聖美
kn-aut-sei=谷
kn-aut-mei=聖美
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学名誉教授
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=1
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=107
end-page=122
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20161230
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=From ‛What do you want to learn in this class?’ to ‛What did you learn in this class?’ Exploring Before and After Implications of Students’ Responses
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Looking back at over my years of teaching English at university, I noticed that despite the many changes, two things have remained the same in my classroom practice: the first day questionnaire and end of term reflective report. Out of the 14 questions on the first class inquiry, my favorite question is ‘What do you want to learn in this class?’ I find the most interesting answers are located here in terms of revealing students’ initial expectations of the course. Near the end of the term, I assign a reflective report on what they learned in this class. What makes the initial responses even more memorable is placing them into a learning opportunity perspective with their final self-perceived notion of what they achieved.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakamuraIan
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Ian
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=perceptions of learning
kn-keyword=perceptions of learning
en-keyword=learner development
kn-keyword=learner development
en-keyword=teacher development
kn-keyword=teacher development
en-keyword=theory and practice
kn-keyword=theory and practice
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=1
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=17
end-page=28
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20161230
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A Three-day CLIL Workshop : what was learned and produced
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= 現在多くの日本の大学では、グローバルな教育内容と環境を促進することが火急の課題である。岡山大学では英語教育の質の向上と授業科目の英語での提供の２つに取り組んでいるが、その実践においてCLIL（内容言語統合型学習）が有用であると考えられる。また日本の高等教育機関において、CLIL を既に実践あるいは導入を検討している教育関係者と経験やアイデアを共有し、ネットワークを作って今後の情報交換を行うことも非常に重要である。そこで岡山大学では2016 年2 月にフィンランドから２名の講師を招き、３日間のCLIL ワークショップを開催した。この論文では４大学の参加者４名がワークショップで紹介された２つの大学の異なったCLIL モデルについて報告する。またワークショップで行った様々なアクティビティを通して参加者が学び取ったことや成果についても記述する。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MoriokaAkemi
en-aut-sei=Morioka
en-aut-mei=Akemi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=INUGAI-DIXONCarol
en-aut-sei=INUGAI-DIXON
en-aut-mei=Carol
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MitaKaoru
en-aut-sei=Mita
en-aut-mei=Kaoru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HoshinoYuko
en-aut-sei=Hoshino
en-aut-mei=Yuko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=University of Tsukuba
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Jissen Women’s Junior College
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=CLIL
kn-keyword=CLIL
en-keyword=content
kn-keyword=content
en-keyword=integration
kn-keyword=integration
en-keyword=thinking
kn-keyword=thinking
en-keyword=collaboration
kn-keyword=collaboration
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=91
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=016302
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=20150123
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Reply to “Comment on ‘Spontaneous liquid-liquid phase separation of water’ ”
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Two different scenarios have been proposed on the phase separation occurring in the deeply supercooled liquid water. We discuss what we can derive from our simulation results for the two scenarios and propose a way for future investigation. We also demonstrate that the phase separation in the supercooled liquid water looks like the separation of liquid water and vapor just below the conventional critical point.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YagasakiTakuma
en-aut-sei=Yagasaki
en-aut-mei=Takuma
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Matsumoto Masakazu
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei= Masakazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanakaHideki
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Hideki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=23
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=7
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20161227
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Risk prediction of landslide and debris flow using slope gradation map obtained from airborne laser scanning
kn-title=航空レーザ傾斜量図を用いた斜面・土石流危険箇所抽出の試み
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= The slope gradation map which is obtained from airborne laser scanning is very important tool to detect hazardous sites of landslide, debris flow and others. The features of the images (what the images are represented) in the map were confirmed by field survey. The study area, Tamagashi is situated in the Kibi Plateau area, Okayama City, Japan. The map helps to distinguish between artificial microrelief and natural microtopography very well. Small scarps (even 0.5m high), rocky cliffs and large blocks (larger than 2m) are identified in the map. The detail images of the microrelief suggest threatening sites. The merit of the map leads us to find the site in the field easily. We will not miss the threatening sites by using the map.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SuzukiShigeyuki
en-aut-sei=Suzuki
en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki
kn-aut-name=鈴木茂之
kn-aut-sei=鈴木
kn-aut-mei=茂之
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyashitaMasashi
en-aut-sei=Miyashita
en-aut-mei=Masashi
kn-aut-name=宮下征士
kn-aut-sei=宮下
kn-aut-mei=征士
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HirakawaTakeshi
en-aut-sei=Hirakawa
en-aut-mei=Takeshi
kn-aut-name=平川武
kn-aut-sei=平川
kn-aut-mei=武
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujiwaraMieko
en-aut-sei=Fujiwara
en-aut-mei=Mieko
kn-aut-name=藤原身江子
kn-aut-sei=藤原
kn-aut-mei=身江子
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiyamaSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Nishiyama
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=西山哲
kn-aut-sei=西山
kn-aut-mei=哲
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=WESCO co.
kn-affil=株式会社ウエスコ

affil-num=3
en-affil=WESCO co.
kn-affil=株式会社ウエスコ

affil-num=4
en-affil=WESCO co.
kn-affil=株式会社ウエスコ

affil-num=5
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科
en-keyword=Risk prediction
kn-keyword=Risk prediction
en-keyword=slope gradation map
kn-keyword=slope gradation map
en-keyword=airborne laser scanning
kn-keyword=airborne laser scanning
en-keyword= landslide
kn-keyword= landslide
en-keyword=debris flow
kn-keyword=debris flow
en-keyword=Okayama
kn-keyword=Okayama
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=69
end-page=105
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20161229
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Bioethics and the Experiences of Hansen’s Disease Survivors
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Historically, Hansen’s disease patients suffered from discrimination because their physical features changed due to the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) and made them “ugly” in the eyes of society. Former Japanese governments saw them as a national disgrace and forced them to reside in leprosaria. Since the law requiring isolation continued after the silver bullet was developed, survivors could not leave the leprosaria and return to society. Currently, survivors’ average age is 82 and they live in 13 national sanatoriums. When they pass away, the history of Hansen’s disease in Japan will end, so we must record their experiences. We conducted qualitative and inductive studies with survivors. In this chapter, we reconstruct them from the perspective of bioethics and propose several theories surrounding them: (1) How former leprosaria and medical administrations in Japan threatened bioethical principles; (2) the wisdom of aging survivors, who lived through extreme situations, and what real restoration of their rights might look like; and (3) the ethical dilemmas of how we will care for the survivors—who have multiple severe sequelae—until they all pass away. Finally, we will intro
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KondoMariko
en-aut-sei=Kondo
en-aut-mei=Mariko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MoriKazuo
en-aut-sei=Mori
en-aut-mei=Kazuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NomuraHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Nomura
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KadowakiHanako
en-aut-sei=Kadowaki
en-aut-mei=Hanako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeMakiko
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Makiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=DoiAkemi
en-aut-sei=Doi
en-aut-mei=Akemi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShimaSayaka
en-aut-sei=Shima
en-aut-mei=Sayaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University.
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=National Hansen’s Disease Sanatorium Residents’ Council, National Sanatorium Oshima-Seisho-en
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=National Hansen’s Disease Sanatorium Residents’ Council, National Sanatorium Oshima-Seisho-en
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=National Sanatorium Oshima-Seisho-en
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=National Sanatorium Oshima-Seisho-en
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=National Sanatorium Oshima-Seisho-en
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Yodogawa Christian Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=stigma
kn-keyword=stigma
en-keyword=Hansen’s disease
kn-keyword=Hansen’s disease
en-keyword=bioethical principles
kn-keyword=bioethical principles
en-keyword=wisdom
kn-keyword=wisdom
en-keyword=human caring
kn-keyword=human caring
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=16
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=31
end-page=41
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=20170324
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Real Image of One Japanese who Wished for a Leap Overseas by Qing Trade : What does the KOHNO Ken-ichi Memorial Museum in Nogata City, Fukuoka Prefecture, aiming to do?
kn-title=清国貿易による海外飛躍を目指した一日本人の実像 : 福岡県直方市の向野堅一記念館は何を目指すか
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KohnoMasahiro
en-aut-sei=Kohno
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=向野正弘
kn-aut-sei=向野
kn-aut-mei=正弘
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=向野堅一記念館
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=129
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=53
end-page=57
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=20170403
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Drug interaction (38. Combination with novel hypnotic drugs : ramelteon and suvorexant)
kn-title=薬物相互作用 （ 38 - 新規睡眠薬 : ラメルテオン, スボレキサントの相互作用）
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KuboKazuko
en-aut-sei=Kubo
en-aut-mei=Kazuko
kn-aut-name=久保和子
kn-aut-sei=久保
kn-aut-mei=和子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EsumiSatoru
en-aut-sei=Esumi
en-aut-mei=Satoru
kn-aut-name=江角悟
kn-aut-sei=江角
kn-aut-mei=悟
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa
en-aut-sei=Kitamura
en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa
kn-aut-name=北村佳久
kn-aut-sei=北村
kn-aut-mei=佳久
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SendoToshiaki
en-aut-sei=Sendo
en-aut-mei=Toshiaki
kn-aut-name=千堂年昭
kn-aut-sei=千堂
kn-aut-mei=年昭
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=岡山大学病院　薬剤部

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=岡山大学病院　薬剤部

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=岡山大学病院　薬剤部

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=岡山大学病院　薬剤部
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=129
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=17
end-page=22
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=20170403
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Sexual function before and after a tension-free vaginal mesh procedure for pelvic organ prolapse
kn-title=骨盤臓器脱に対するTVM 手術前後の性機能に関する検討
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= We prospectively assessed sexual function before and after a tension-free vaginal mesh ( TVM)  procedure for pelvic organ prolapse ( POP) . From April 2007 to March 2009, a total of 42 patients, who reported having an active sex life preoperatively underwent TVM for POP. Female sexual function was evaluated with the self-reporting, multiple-domain Female Sexual Function Index  (FSFI) . We administered the FSFI to all of the patients before and at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. The mean age at surgery was 61.3±7.1 years. Before the TVM surgery, the FSFI score was very low ( 12.5±9.0) . The total FSFI score was improved significantly at 12 months after surgery ( 17.4±7.7) . The Arousal, Lubrication and Orgasm domains were significantly improved at 12 months after surgery. POP appears to have a significant negative impact on female sexual function. Our findings indicate that TVM for POP improved sexual function in a group of Japanese women with POP.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MatsumotoYuko
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei=Yuko
kn-aut-name=松本裕子
kn-aut-sei=松本
kn-aut-mei=裕子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicne, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　泌尿器病態学
en-keyword=骨盤臓器脱 (pelvic organ prolapse)
kn-keyword=骨盤臓器脱 (pelvic organ prolapse)
en-keyword=TVM (tension-free vaginal mesh)
kn-keyword=TVM (tension-free vaginal mesh)
en-keyword=女性泌尿器科 (female urology)
kn-keyword=女性泌尿器科 (female urology)
en-keyword=性機能 (sexual function)
kn-keyword=性機能 (sexual function)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=128
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=221
end-page=225
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20161201
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Practice for health care education using simulated patients
kn-title=模擬患者（SP）参加型教育の実践
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YoshidaToshiko
en-aut-sei=Yoshida
en-aut-mei=Toshiko
kn-aut-name=吉田登志子
kn-aut-sei=吉田
kn-aut-mei=登志子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Center for the Development of Medical and Health Care Education（ Dental Education）, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学医療教育統合開発センター（歯学教育部門）
en-keyword=模擬患者
kn-keyword=模擬患者
en-keyword=フィードバック
kn-keyword=フィードバック
en-keyword=経験学修
kn-keyword=経験学修
en-keyword=医療教育
kn-keyword=医療教育
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=47
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=141
end-page=154
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20160319
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Effect of Expense Reductions Following Japan's Heisei Municipal Mergers
kn-title=平成の市町村合併の効果に関する考察
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=This study investigates the reduction in expenses that was anticipated following the Japan＇s Heisei Municipal Mergers. It examines whether differences appear between merged and non-merged areas. The study analyzes the types of influence of the population size（or population growth rate）and geographical area on expense reduction as well as the mergers＇ effect on Japan＇s financial index. Results show that the population size, geographical areas, and presence of the merger influence expenditures. In addition, in the rate of change of the financial index, what population size, geographical area and presence of the merger had an influence on is confirmed. Particularly, it is so in the annual expenditure item in which the comparative expense reduction effects such as obligatory expense and assembly costs easily occurred. In short, something of effects of the socalled Heisei Municipal Mergers is fairly confirmed.
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NishidaSayuri
en-aut-sei=Nishida
en-aut-mei=Sayuri
kn-aut-name=西田小百合
kn-aut-sei=西田
kn-aut-mei=小百合
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=東海大学
en-keyword=Heisei municipal mergers
kn-keyword=Heisei municipal mergers
en-keyword= Financial effect
kn-keyword= Financial effect
en-keyword=Presence of the merger
kn-keyword=Presence of the merger
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=47
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=129
end-page=140
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20160223
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What is Value Relevance?
kn-title=Value Relevanceとは何か
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakagawaToyotaka
en-aut-sei=Nakagawa
en-aut-mei=Toyotaka
kn-aut-name=中川豊隆
kn-aut-sei=中川
kn-aut-mei=豊隆
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=65
cd-vols=
no-issue=3・4
article-no=
start-page=949
end-page=1004
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20160318
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Carryover or Cost: What is the Rational of Tax Deferral in Corporate Reorganizations?
kn-title=組織再編成における課税関係の継続と断絶
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KOZUKAMasahiro
en-aut-sei=KOZUKA
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=小塚真啓
kn-aut-sei=小塚
kn-aut-mei=真啓
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学社会文化科学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=128
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=21
end-page=25
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20160401
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the duodenum and literature review of 16 cases reported in Japan
kn-title=原発性十二指腸粘液癌の一例― 本邦報告16例の検討―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the duodenum is rare. Here we report a case we recently encountered, and we review 16 cases reported in Japan. An 82-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to our hospital complaining of abdominal pain and heartburn. An endoscopic examination revealed a Type 2 tumor in the descending limb of the duodenum, and endoscopically obtained specimens revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. We performed a curative pancreatoduodenectomy with lymph node resection, and the surgical specimen revealed that the duodenum was the primary site of the mucinous adenocarcinoma. The patient is currently alive ＞ 1 year after the operation without any evidence of recurrence. Of the 16 patients reviewed, all patients had advanced tumors those depth were T3-T4. 9 patients had lymph node metastasis and 4 patients had peritoneal dissemination at the time of surgery. Since mucinous adenocarcinoma of the duodenum is often progressive cancer at a diagnosis, which is tend to have a worse prognosis than other histological types.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HamanoIkumi
en-aut-sei=Hamano
en-aut-mei=Ikumi
kn-aut-name=浜野郁美
kn-aut-sei=浜野
kn-aut-mei=郁美
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsumotoYusuke
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=松本祐介
kn-aut-sei=松本
kn-aut-mei=祐介
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EndoYoshikatsu
en-aut-sei=Endo
en-aut-mei=Yoshikatsu
kn-aut-name=遠藤芳克
kn-aut-sei=遠藤
kn-aut-mei=芳克
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeNaoki
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Naoki
kn-aut-name=渡邊直樹
kn-aut-sei=渡邊
kn-aut-mei=直樹
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KaiKyouhei
en-aut-sei=Kai
en-aut-mei=Kyouhei
kn-aut-name=甲斐恭平
kn-aut-sei=甲斐
kn-aut-mei=恭平
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SatoShizou
en-aut-sei=Sato
en-aut-mei=Shizou
kn-aut-name=佐藤四三
kn-aut-sei=佐藤
kn-aut-mei=四三
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WaniYoji
en-aut-sei=Wani
en-aut-mei=Yoji
kn-aut-name=和仁洋治
kn-aut-sei=和仁
kn-aut-mei=洋治
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　外科

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=姫路赤十字病院　病理診断科
en-keyword=原発性十二指腸癌（primary duodenal cancer）
kn-keyword=原発性十二指腸癌（primary duodenal cancer）
en-keyword=粘液癌（mucinous carcinoma）
kn-keyword=粘液癌（mucinous carcinoma）
en-keyword=膵頭十二指腸切除（pancreatoduodenectomy）
kn-keyword=膵頭十二指腸切除（pancreatoduodenectomy）
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=49
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=13
end-page=29
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2008
dt-pub=20080730
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A post-Skinnerian perspective in behavior analysis (18) : "Doing what we want to do" or "doing what we have to do"
kn-title=スキナー以後の心理学(18): 「したいことをする」と「しなければならないことをする」
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HasegawaYoshinori
en-aut-sei=Hasegawa
en-aut-mei=Yoshinori
kn-aut-name=長谷川芳典
kn-aut-sei=長谷川
kn-aut-mei=芳典
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=29
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=1027
end-page=1033
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2014
dt-pub=2014
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Utility of simple suspension method compared to loss of drug using crushing method on tube administration
kn-title=粉砕法による経管投与における薬剤量損失に対する簡易懸濁法の有用性についての検討
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=Objective: In the past, a conventional crushing method was used for the administration of tablets or capsules by tube in patients with dysphagia. However, this method has several problems, such as a loss of the drug amount and tube clogging. Recently, tube administration by a simple suspension method was developed to solve these problems in the conventional crushing method.
Methods: In the present study, we investigated to what extent the dosage amount is lost using the simple suspension method compared to crushing method, employing 5 drugs which are frequently administered by tube in Okayama University Hospital.
Results: Drug weights of the 5 agents decreased by 70 ～ 90% in the grinding and packaging processes because of drug adhesion to the mortar, packaging machine, and drug package paper. The suspension of all drugs using the simple suspension method was uniform, while only the suspension of Warfarin® ground using the crushing method was shown to be showed inhomogeneous, which is expected to lead to a loss of drug. The drug content on assuming clinical a setting after tube passage was compared between the two methods. The recovery of warfarin®, characterized as unstable using the crushing method, was nearly 50%, but loss was prevented by 80% with the use of bags of medicine. For the simple suspension method, the recovery of warfarin® was almost 100%.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the simple suspension method is particularly effective for the tube administration of drugs characterized as unstable.
kn-abstract=【目的】従来の薬剤経管投与法である粉砕法は薬効の減少につながる薬剤量の損失が指摘されている。そこで粉砕法による薬剤量損失に対する簡易懸濁法の有用性について検討した。
【方法】頻繁に粉砕指示がなされる5種類の薬剤を用いて粉砕・分包による薬物含量減少、薬剤調製時の懸濁性および実際の経管投与を想定した薬物含量について2つの方法を比較した。
【結果】薬剤を粉砕・分包するとそれぞれの薬物含量は減少した。またワーファリン®錠を粉砕して水に溶解すると完全には懸濁せず、小さな塊が生じたが、簡易懸濁法では均一に懸濁した。ワーファリン®錠の経管投与を想定した実験において粉砕法では薬物含量が大幅に減少したが、簡易懸濁法では、ほとんど損失が認められなかった。【結論】簡易懸濁法は粉砕法に比べて薬剤損失の面で有用性が高いことが示唆され、ワーファリン®錠のように安定性が悪い薬剤では特に適正な薬物投与に貢献出来ると考えられる。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito
en-aut-sei=Zamami
en-aut-mei=Yoshito
kn-aut-name=座間味義人
kn-aut-sei=座間味
kn-aut-mei=義人
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro
en-aut-sei=Koyama
en-aut-mei=Toshihiro
kn-aut-name=小山敏広
kn-aut-sei=小山
kn-aut-mei=敏広
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AibaTetsuya
en-aut-sei=Aiba
en-aut-mei=Tetsuya
kn-aut-name=合葉哲也
kn-aut-sei=合葉
kn-aut-mei=哲也
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AmanoManabu
en-aut-sei=Amano
en-aut-mei=Manabu
kn-aut-name=天野学
kn-aut-sei=天野
kn-aut-mei=学
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AndoTetsuaki
en-aut-sei=Ando
en-aut-mei=Tetsuaki
kn-aut-name=安藤哲信
kn-aut-sei=安藤
kn-aut-mei=哲信
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurataNaomi
en-aut-sei=Kurata
en-aut-mei=Naomi
kn-aut-name=倉田なおみ
kn-aut-sei=倉田
kn-aut-mei=なおみ
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NawaHideki
en-aut-sei=Nawa
en-aut-mei=Hideki
kn-aut-name=名和秀起
kn-aut-sei=名和
kn-aut-mei=秀起
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakuraHironori
en-aut-sei=Nakura
en-aut-mei=Hironori
kn-aut-name=名倉弘哲
kn-aut-sei=名倉
kn-aut-mei=弘哲
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa
en-aut-sei=Kitamura
en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa
kn-aut-name=北村佳久
kn-aut-sei=北村
kn-aut-mei=佳久
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SendoToshiaki
en-aut-sei=Sendo
en-aut-mei=Toshiaki
kn-aut-name=千堂年昭
kn-aut-sei=千堂
kn-aut-mei=年昭
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院 医歯薬学総合研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院 医歯薬学総合研究科

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院 医歯薬学総合研究科

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=兵庫医療大学 薬学部

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=吉備高原ルミエール病院 薬剤科

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=昭和大学 薬学部

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学病院 薬剤部

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院 医歯薬学総合研究科

affil-num=9
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学病院 薬剤部

affil-num=10
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学病院 薬剤部
en-keyword=簡易懸濁法 (simple suspension method)
kn-keyword=簡易懸濁法 (simple suspension method)
en-keyword=経管投与 (tube administration)
kn-keyword=経管投与 (tube administration)
en-keyword=薬剤量の損失 (loss of drug amount)
kn-keyword=薬剤量の損失 (loss of drug amount)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=31
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=2
end-page=3
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=201504
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the molecular evolution (affinity maturation) of antibodies: unexpected encounter
kn-title=抗体の分子進化（親和性成熟）の研究： 面白い結果は思いがけなく訪れる
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Antibodies are unique proteins in that they improve their affinity for antigens during
antibody responses. This process termed “affinity maturation” is the result of random
hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes in B cells followed by selection of the clones that acquired
high-affinity antibodies. However, what mechanisms are responsible for the induction of
hypermutation and the subsequent B cell selection in germinal centers has remained unknown in
many respects. I would like to talk about our long-lasting studies on these immunologic
mechanisms focusing on the functional role of follicular dendritic cells
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OhmoriHitoshi
en-aut-sei=Ohmori
en-aut-mei=Hitoshi
kn-aut-name=大森斉
kn-aut-sei=大森
kn-aut-mei=斉
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=3
end-page=16
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2014
dt-pub=20140326
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What is Required for a Soarig East Asian Person?
kn-title=東アジア飛翔人材に求められるものとは
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OkaMasumi
en-aut-sei=Oka
en-aut-mei=Masumi
kn-aut-name=岡益巳
kn-aut-sei=岡
kn-aut-mei=益巳
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学国際センター
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=9
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=155
end-page=168
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20131230
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Reflective Practice for Professional Development: A Preliminary Consideration of What We Can Learn about Teaching from Movies about Teachers
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　This exploratory study will begin with a review of cinematic portrayals of teachers
and their situations by establishing three categories: thought-provoking stories of
teachers and students trying to overcome social barriers, entertainment first productions
with an uplifting resolution of conflict, and documentaries that track the real-life
struggles and successes of educational practitioners and their students through projectbased
training and performance. Then I will use forms of reflective practice and
discourse analysis to delve deeper into the details of teaching and context. This working
paper will conclude with some thoughts on what ‘good’ teachers do.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakamuraIan
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Ian
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学言語教育センター
en-keyword=films
kn-keyword=films
en-keyword=reflection
kn-keyword=reflection
en-keyword=teachers
kn-keyword=teachers
en-keyword=students
kn-keyword=students
en-keyword=professional development
kn-keyword=professional development
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=36
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=19
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20131126
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Art of Vanishing-What Daniel Quinn, Maria Turner, and Sophie Calle Tell Us
kn-title=消滅の技法（１）― Daniel Quinn, Maria Turner, Sophie Calleを手がかりに
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakataniHitomi
en-aut-sei=Nakatani
en-aut-mei=Hitomi
kn-aut-name=中谷ひとみ
kn-aut-sei=中谷
kn-aut-mei=ひとみ
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=60
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=118
end-page=110
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20131225
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What is the Meaning of “RENTAI（連帯）” - a Theoretical Analysis of Asianism
kn-title=「連帯」とは何か　―アジア主義の理論解析―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=JiangKeshi
en-aut-sei=Jiang
en-aut-mei=Keshi
kn-aut-name=姜克實
kn-aut-sei=姜
kn-aut-mei=克實
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=125
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=235
end-page=238
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20131202
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Two operated cases of mesenteric abscess caused by penetration of the transverse colon associated with a diverticulum
kn-title=横行結腸憩室穿通による腸間膜膿瘍に対して手術を施行した２症例
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We encountered 2 cases of penetration of fecal matter through a diverticulum of the transverse colon, which is a rare disease. Case 1 was a 33-year-old man who was examined in the clinic with a complaint of epigastralgia. Tenderness and muscular defense were found in the upper abdomen. On abdominal CT examination, wall thickening and increased fat concentration were seen in the transverse colon. He was diagnosed with peritonitis and underwent emergency surgery. On laparotomy, a tumor mass was found in the transverse colon close to the liver curvature. The patient was diagnosed with mesenteric abscess due to penetration of fecal matter through a diverticulum of the transverse colon. Right hemicolectomy was carried out. Case 2 was a 43-year-old woman who was examined in the clinic with a complaint of right lower abdominal pain. Muscular defense and rebound tenderness were found in the lower abdomen. On abdominal CT examination, abscess formation was seen in the right lower abdomen. She was diagnosed with peritonitis and underwent emergency surgery. On laparotomy, a tumor mass was found in the transverse colon. The patient was diagnosed with mesenteric abscess due to penetration of the transverse colon associated with a diverticulum. Partial removal of the transverse colon was carried out.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MaedaNaoaki
en-aut-sei=Maeda
en-aut-mei=Naoaki
kn-aut-name=前田直見
kn-aut-sei=前田
kn-aut-mei=直見
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KondoHidenori
en-aut-sei=Kondo
en-aut-mei=Hidenori
kn-aut-name=近藤秀則
kn-aut-sei=近藤
kn-aut-mei=秀則
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=医療法人敬和会近藤病院　外科

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=医療法人敬和会近藤病院　外科
en-keyword=横行結腸憩室（transverse colon diverticulum）
kn-keyword=横行結腸憩室（transverse colon diverticulum）
en-keyword=腸間膜内穿通（mesenteric penetration）
kn-keyword=腸間膜内穿通（mesenteric penetration）
en-keyword=腸間膜膿瘍（mesenteric abscess）
kn-keyword=腸間膜膿瘍（mesenteric abscess）
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=21
end-page=37
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20130325
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=lf Fanshawe Were a Japanese ― What Makes the Quester Decide to Kill Himself ―
kn-title=もしFanshaweが日本人だったら ― Paul Austerの言語探究者の自殺をめぐって ―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakataniHitomi
en-aut-sei=Nakatani
en-aut-mei=Hitomi
kn-aut-name=中谷ひとみ
kn-aut-sei=中谷
kn-aut-mei=ひとみ
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=社会文化科学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=3
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=9
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20130308
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Current Status of Education in Okayama What Happning in the Junior High Schools,and Counter Measures.
kn-title=今，岡山の学校教育は 中学校現場で起きていること，そして改善に向けて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　文部科学省の調査（児童生徒の問題行動等生徒指導上の諸課題に関する調査H24）によると，岡山県内の小・中学校の暴力行為，不登校の出現率が全国比較では大変高く，学力・学習状況調査でも国語，数学ともに通過率が低いことが報告され，憂慮される事態にある。その原因は複雑多岐に渡っており，教育委員会や学校現場は解決に向け総力をあげて取り組んでいるが、大変困難な状況が見られる。県下の教育関係者すべては当事者意識と責任をもってかけがえのない一人ひとりの子どもたちに焦点を当てた本来の教育を再生することが急務である。
　私は，平成23年3月に中学校長を最後に定年退職し，現在は教育現場を離れているが，現役時代（幼・小・中学校・特別支援学校）を自己反省する意味も含め，中学校を中心としてその現状と改善に向けた方策についてまとめてみた。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IwadouHideaki
en-aut-sei=Iwadou
en-aut-mei=Hideaki
kn-aut-name=岩堂秀明
kn-aut-sei=岩堂
kn-aut-mei=秀明
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
en-keyword=改善
kn-keyword=改善
en-keyword=岡山
kn-keyword=岡山
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=152
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=11
end-page=21
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20130225
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=An Appreciation of Daniel Deronda Chapter 22: Austen's Heritage and Eliot's Innovation
kn-title=『ダニエル・デロンダ』22章を読む： オースティンの遺産とエリオットの創造
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The present paper aims at making clear how George Eliot owes a debt in style to
Jane Austen in her character portrayal. Taking up Austen’s Emma and Eliot’s Daniel
Deronda, we consider the qualities of prose style that are characteristic of the respective
writers as seen in these novels. A comparative analysis of their discourses has brought
to light a marked tendency on both sides to use negative expressions and the subjunctive.
These common traits are surmised to meet an artistic challenge of creating ambiguity
in the characters’psychological situations. Eliot, while inheriting Austen’s stylized
English, utilizes scientific phraseology to give voice to the human drama in late
nineteenth century England. Thus she adds physiological dimensions to what Austen has
established. We attempt to prove this point on the basis of discourse analysis.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FukunagaShintetsu
en-aut-sei=Fukunaga
en-aut-mei=Shintetsu
kn-aut-name=福永信哲
kn-aut-sei=福永
kn-aut-mei=信哲
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科社会・言語教育学系英語教育講座
en-keyword=『エマ』
kn-keyword=『エマ』
en-keyword=『ダニエル・デロンダ』
kn-keyword=『ダニエル・デロンダ』
en-keyword=曖昧性
kn-keyword=曖昧性
en-keyword=仮定法
kn-keyword=仮定法
en-keyword=否定語
kn-keyword=否定語
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=8
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=61
end-page=72
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=20121231
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What Do Learners Expect to Study in Intermediate-level Japanese Language Class?: A Survey in a Higher Education Institution
kn-title=中級日本語学習者が望む学習とは何か －高等教育機関におけるアンケート調査－
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=本稿は，アンケート調査を通じて高等教育機関で学ぶ学習者の中級レベルに対する学習
ニーズを明らかにすることを目的とする。アンケート調査結果は４点にまとめられる。（１）
教科書の説明および内容：初級に比べ評価が低くなる。母語による解説が望まれている。
（２）学習項目：アカデミックな日本語，日常生活での日本語の両方に対するニーズがある。
会話学習への要望が最も多く，次いで文法・文型，語彙が同数だった。（３）教え方に対
する要望：①既習表現と比較しながら説明する。②文型・表現は共通する意味・用法でま
とめて効率的に教える。③文型・語彙の硬さ・柔らかさの区別を示す。（４）教室活動に
対する要望：短い会話練習，作文，ゲーム要素を取り入れた練習も増やす。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=UchimaruYukako
en-aut-sei=Uchimaru
en-aut-mei=Yukako
kn-aut-name=内丸裕佳子
kn-aut-sei=内丸
kn-aut-mei=裕佳子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学言語教育センター
en-keyword=中級プログラム
kn-keyword=中級プログラム
en-keyword=学習ニーズ
kn-keyword=学習ニーズ
en-keyword=学習項目
kn-keyword=学習項目
en-keyword=教え方
kn-keyword=教え方
en-keyword=教室活動
kn-keyword=教室活動
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=119
cd-vols=
no-issue=10
article-no=
start-page=3172
end-page=3181
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2009
dt-pub=20091001
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A simple biological imaging system for detecting viable human circulating tumor cells
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood is associated with short survival, making the detection of CTCs clinically useful as a prognostic factor of disease outcome and/or a surrogate marker of treatment response. Recent technical advances in immunocytometric analysis and quantitative real-time PCR have made it possible to detect a few CTCs in the blood; however, there is no sensitive assay to specifically detect viable CTCs. Here, we report what we believe to be a new approach to visually detect live human CTCs among millions of peripheral blood leukocytes, using a telomerase-specific replication-selective adenovirus expressing GFP. First, we constructed a GFP-expressing attenuated adenovirus, in which the telomerase promoter regulates viral replication (OBP-401; TelomeScan). We then used OBP-401 to establish a simple ex vivo method that was able to detect viable human CTCs in the peripheral blood. The detection method involved a 3-step procedure, including the lysis of rbc, the subsequent addition of OBP-401 to the cell pellets, and an automated scan using fluorescence microscopy. OBP-401 infection increased the signal-to-background ratio as a tumor-specific probe, because the fluorescent signal was amplified only in viable, infected human tumor cells, by viral replication. This GFP-expressing virus-based method is remarkably simple and allows precise enumeration of CTCs.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KojimaToru
en-aut-sei=Kojima
en-aut-mei=Toru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HashimotoYuuri
en-aut-sei=Hashimoto
en-aut-mei=Yuuri
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeYuichi
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Yuichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KagawaShunsuke
en-aut-sei=Kagawa
en-aut-mei=Shunsuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UnoFutoshi
en-aut-sei=Uno
en-aut-mei=Futoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurodaShinji
en-aut-sei=Kuroda
en-aut-mei=Shinji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TazawaHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Tazawa
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KyoSatoru
en-aut-sei=Kyo
en-aut-mei=Satoru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MizuguchiHiroyuki
en-aut-sei=Mizuguchi
en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UrataYasuo
en-aut-sei=Urata
en-aut-mei=Yasuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanakaNoriaki
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Noriaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi
en-aut-sei=Fujiwara
en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Okayama University Hospital

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine

affil-num=9
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University

affil-num=10
en-affil=
kn-affil=Oncolys BioPharma Inc.

affil-num=11
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=12
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=55
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=246
end-page=230
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2005
dt-pub=20050930
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Shifting Japanese Party Politics after the End of the 1955 System －An Analysis of What Some Aggregate Data Indicate－
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TaniSatomi
en-aut-sei=Tani
en-aut-mei=Satomi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学法学部
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=9
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=11
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=20120326
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What is the Chinese Model?
kn-title=経済成長の「中国モデル」は存在するか
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WuYuhui
en-aut-sei=Wu
en-aut-mei=Yuhui
kn-aut-name=呉宇暉
kn-aut-sei=呉
kn-aut-mei=宇暉
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=吉林大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=2
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=82
end-page=91
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=20120319
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Developing the Tentative Lesson Plan of the Elementary School Environmental Study Class Aiming to understand What a Sustainable Society is : Focused on Fairness between Generations.
kn-title=持続可能な社会についての認識形成をめざす小学校環境学習単元開発研究―世代間の公平性に着目して―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=本研究は、小学校環境学習において持続可能な社会についての認識形成を図る授業構成の原理と、それをふまえた具体的な授業プランを提案しようとするものである。持続可能な社会を論じる視点はいくつか考えられるが、本研究においては、世代間の公平性に着目し、それを実現し得る社会とはどのようなものか、そのために何が必要かを児童自身に考えさせる授業を提案していく。授業の題材は、倉敷美観地区の伝統的な町並み保存活動である。その活動を支えているものは何か、活動は何を目指しているかを捉えさせることで先の目標を達成していきたい。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MoriyaAkira
en-aut-sei=Moriya
en-aut-mei=Akira
kn-aut-name=守屋顕
kn-aut-sei=守屋
kn-aut-mei=顕
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KuwabaraToshinori
en-aut-sei=Kuwabara
en-aut-mei=Toshinori
kn-aut-name=桑原敏典
kn-aut-sei=桑原
kn-aut-mei=敏典
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
en-keyword=社会科教育
kn-keyword=社会科教育
en-keyword=ＥＳＤ
kn-keyword=ＥＳＤ
en-keyword=環境学習
kn-keyword=環境学習
en-keyword=公平性
kn-keyword=公平性
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=46
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=21
end-page=33
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=201201
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Optimal Computation of 3-D Similarity: Gauss-Newton vs.Gauss-Helmert
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Because 3-D data are acquired using 3-D sensing such as stereo vision and laser range finders, they have inhomogeneous and anisotropic noise. This paper studies optimal computation of the similarity (rotation, translation, and scale change) of such 3-D data. We first point out that the Gauss-Newton and the Gauss-Helmert methods, regarded as different techniques, have similar structures. We then combine them to define what we call the modified Gauss-Helmert method and do stereo vision simulation to show that it is superior to either of the two in convergence performance. Finally, we show an application to real GPS geodetic data and point out that the widely used homogeneous and isotropic noise model is insufficient and that GPS geodetic data are prone to numerical problems.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi
en-aut-sei=Kanatani
en-aut-mei=Kenichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NiitsumaHirotaka
en-aut-sei=Niitsuma
en-aut-mei=Hirotaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=40
cd-vols=
no-issue=12
article-no=
start-page=2465
end-page=2475
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1928
dt-pub=19281231
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental studies on the antagonistic function between the spleen and the thyroid gland 4. Report. On blood-components (white blood corpuscles in the splenic arteries and veins, hemoglobin, reticulated red cells) and the histological picture of the blood-making organs
kn-title=脾臟ト甲状腺トノ交互作用ニ關スル研究 第4囘報告 脾動靜脉ノ白血球,血色素,網状赤血球等血液成分竝ニ造血臟器ノ組織像ニ就テ
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Having studied, as mentioned in the previous report, the changes of blood-platelets in the splenic arteries and veins, I extended my investigation into white corpuscles, hemoglobin and reticulated red cells: and with the object of ascertainning what their changes mean, I carried out an histological research of the spleen, the liver and the bonemarrow in the above-stated procedures and came to the following conclusions. 1) In the case of a normal rabbit, the number of the white corpuscles especially the lymphocytes in the splenic veins exceeds that in the splenic arteries. 2) After thyroidectomy and the injection of phenylhydrazin the white corpuscles in splenic veins increase more remarkably than those in splenic arteries, the lymphocytes and monocytes also showing a remarkable augmentation. 3) When adrenalin or silver-elecroid is injected, the white corpuscles in splenic veins outnumber exceedingly those in splenic arteries. When adrenalin is injected, the lymphocytes and monocytes increase especially. When silver-elecroid is injected, the augmentation of the lymphocytes is not comparatively remarkable, while on the other hand, the pseudoeosinophile-leucocytes increase. 4) In the case of a normal rabbit, as well as in that where the thyroidectomy is performed, a greater quantity of hemoglobin is found in the splenic veins than in the splenic arteries, and it is especially so when phenylhydrazin is injected. But the continuous injection of silver-elecroid does not cause any remarkable change of the contents of splenic veins and arteries. The quantity of the hemoglobin fluctuates almost in the same way as the number of the red blood corpuscles does. 5) No remarkable change of the reticulated red cells occurs in splenic arteries and veins. 6) After thyroidectomy and the injection of phenylhydrazin, the appearance of the megacaryocytes in the spleen is demonstrable, but no remarkable change occurs in the liver. 7) Thyroidectomy gives rise to the atrophy of the bone-marrow, the proliferation of adipose tissue and the decrease of megacaryocytes. A similar tendency is recognizable when phenylhydrazin is injected. 8) From these above-stated blood pictures of the splenic arteries and veins, as well as the histological researches of the blood-making organs, it may be inferred that from thyroidectomical causes, the spleen regains, in a compensatory sense, its blood-making function outside the bone-marrow.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TsunashimaYoshito
en-aut-sei=Tsunashima
en-aut-mei=Yoshito
kn-aut-name=綱島義人
kn-aut-sei=綱島
kn-aut-mei=義人
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學柿沼内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=37
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=15
end-page=23
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2002
dt-pub=200211
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=For Geometric Inference from Images, What Kind of Statistical Model Is Necessary?
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In order to facilitate smooth communications with researchers in other fields including statistics, this paper investigates the meaning of "statistical methods" for geometric inference based on image feature points, We point out that statistical analysis does not make sense unless the underlying "statistical ensemble" is clearly defined. We trace back the origin of feature uncertainty to image processing operations for computer vision in general and discuss the implications of asymptotic analysis for performance evaluation in reference to "geometric fitting", "geometric model selection", the "geometric AIC", and the "geometric MDL". Referring to such statistical concepts as "nuisance parameters", the "Neyman-Scott problem", and "semiparametric models", we point out that simulation experiments for performance evaluation will lose meaning without carefully considering the assumptions involved and intended applications.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi
en-aut-sei=Kanatani
en-aut-mei=Kenichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=42
cd-vols=
no-issue=12
article-no=
start-page=3059
end-page=3080
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1930
dt-pub=19301231
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Pharmacology of the Blood Vessels of the Human Umbilical Cord and Placenta First Communication; On the Effect of the Autonomic Nerve Poisons
kn-title=人臍帯血管及ビ胎盤血管ノ藥理學的研究 第1囘報告 植物性神經毒ノ作用ニ就テ
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This paper deals with pharmacological studies of the blood vessels of the human umbilical cord and placenta, for the purpose of investigating the innervation of those vessels and their pharmacological reactions, a matter which is as yet not established. In the research on this subject, the following results were obtained: 1. Adrenalin manifests vasoconstrictor action on the arteries of the umbilical cord and placenta, as well as on the vein of the cord. Also this action may be depressed or reversed by the use of atropin or ergotamine. Adrenalin in high concentration causes all of these vessels to dilate, while the vein of the placenta is dilated by adrenalin in any degree of concentration, within the limits of an efficient dose. The constrictor and dilator action of this drug on the blood vessels is understood to be due to the stimulation of the motor and inhibitory fibres of the sympathetic nerve respectively. 2. Acethyl-cholin acts as vasoconstrictor on the arteries of the cord and placenta. This action may be attributed to the stimulation of the parasympathetic nerve, as it is antagonized by a small dose of atropin. This suggests that the arteries of the cord and placenta are innervated by the vasoconstrictor fibres of the parasympathetic nerve. Despite these facts, it was not possible to recognize the vasoconstrictor action of acethylcholin on the veins of the cord. and placenta. Acethyl-cholin in high concentration dilates both kinds of the blood vessels of the cord and placenta. This dilating action is due not to the paralysis of the muscles of the vessels, but probably to the stimulation of the vasodilator fibres of the sympathetic nerve. 3. The action of pilocarpin on the blood vessels of the umbilical cord and placenta is to dilate them, and its point of attack seems to be the vasodilator of the sympathetic nerve. The effect of this drug on the parasympathetic nerve in these vessels was not observed in this experiment. 4. Physostigmin shows itself to be a vasoconstrictor on the vessels of the cord and placenta. It affects the muscles chiefly and the parasympathetic nerve of the vessels to some extent. 5. Atropin by itself does not have any definite action on the vessels of the cord and placenta, but it can depress the effect of acethyl-cholin by a very small dose, and it can also depress or reverse the effect of adranalin by a larger dose. So, it is clearly seen that the parasympathetic nerve and the motor fibre of the sympathetic nerve are paralyzed by a certain concentration of atropin, but the inhibitory fibre of the latter is not influenced by this drug. Atropin in very high concentration dilates these vessels, owing to the paralysis of the muscle. 6. From the facts learned in this research regarding the pharmacological reactions, it may be concluded that the arteries of both umbilical cord and placenta are innervated by the vasoconstrictor fibre of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and the dilatation of these vessels is controlled by the dilator fibre of the sympathetic nerve. The existence of the constrictor fibre of the parasympathetic nerve in the vein of the cord could not be proved. The sympathetic constrictor in the vein is inferior in its developement to the same in the artery. In the vein of the placenta, it was not possible to confirm the innervation of the vasoconstrictor of either the parasympathetic or the sympathetic nerve. 7. The arteries of the umbilical cord and placenta show similar pharmacological reaction to the drugs. Therefore it may be concluded that they are under the same innervation. The vein of the placenta reacts to the drugs in a somewhat different way from what the arteries do. The action of the drugs on the vein of the cord coincides partly with the action observed on the arteries, and partly with that on the placental vein. 8. These embryonic blood vessels manifest nearly the same pharmacological reactions as in the general blood vessels of the body, though there is more or less difference between them.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MurakamiKensuke
en-aut-sei=Murakami
en-aut-mei=Kensuke
kn-aut-name=村上憲佑
kn-aut-sei=村上
kn-aut-mei=憲佑
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學藥物學教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=49
cd-vols=
no-issue=11
article-no=
start-page=2323
end-page=2333
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1937
dt-pub=19371130
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=On the results of heterovaccination against typhoid, as enforced in Okayama Prefecture
kn-title=岡山縣下ニ於ケル腸チフス豫防ニ對スル異種菌經口免疫實施成績ニ就テ
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=S. Murakami, Y. Miki, and F. Miyagawa proved that there is a remarkable output of heteroantibody against typhoid, paratyphoid A and B, and dysentery bacilli in the animal experiment, they proceeded in 1934 to experiment with cocktyphoid-bacilli which had been obtained from cocks that had died of cocktyphoid. They were also highly successful in bringing about a state of immunity from typhoid when applying the same bacilli to rabbits. We therefore resolved to use it upon human beings, and put it into practice, per os, with 9252 peoples in all, in April, 1936. Those treated were ordinary citizens and factory-hands.
As to the result, we knew that we might disregard such by-effect of the vaccinationstomach-ache, headache, diarrhoea, etc. -as we found in a mild form. When, at the end of the November of the same year, we investigated the cases of 7486 of those who had been thus vaccinated whit a view to ascertaining if there had been any outbreak of typhoid, paratyphoid A and B, or dysentery (for we cousidered that the vaccine has some influence on the latter disease also), we found among the workmen-class no outbreak of the above-mentioned diseases in the case of those who had taken the cocktyphoid-vaccine, while there were 2 dysentery patients among those who had taken Heterogen. In the case of the ordinary citizens there had occurred one typhoid and one dysentery case among those who had taken bile and the cocktyphoid-vaccine. The number of victims was, moreover, far less than among those who had not been vaccinated. What is more, the patients made very good progress. Thus we believe that the cocktyphoid-vaccine may be successfully applied orally to the human body. As for its effect upon dysentery, we consider that this should be made the subject of further study in the future.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ShimizuM.
en-aut-sei=Shimizu
en-aut-mei=M.
kn-aut-name=清水光治
kn-aut-sei=清水
kn-aut-mei=光治
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MikiY.
en-aut-sei=Miki
en-aut-mei=Y.
kn-aut-name=三木行治
kn-aut-sei=三木
kn-aut-mei=行治
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AsanumaK.
en-aut-sei=Asanuma
en-aut-mei=K.
kn-aut-name=淺沼清志
kn-aut-sei=淺沼
kn-aut-mei=清志
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AbeK.
en-aut-sei=Abe
en-aut-mei=K.
kn-aut-name=阿部高知
kn-aut-sei=阿部
kn-aut-mei=高知
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyagawaF.
en-aut-sei=Miyagawa
en-aut-mei=F.
kn-aut-name=宮川文雄
kn-aut-sei=宮川
kn-aut-mei=文雄
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學細菌學教室

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學細菌學教室

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學細菌學教室

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學細菌學教室

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學細菌學教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=50
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=147
end-page=153
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1938
dt-pub=19380131
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Vitamin C and "Mitogenetische Strahlen".
kn-title=1. Vitamin Cト細胞分裂誘起線 2. 腦下垂體前葉及ビ脾臟浸出液ノ酵母菌増殖ニ及ボス影響3. 2, 6 Dichlorphenolindophenolノ筋肉ニ對スル作用
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The results of the author's experiments are roughly as follows:
1. When tested according to the yeast method, it is doubtful whether vitamin C generates "Mitogenetische Strahlen" when it is oxidized. But when there is a large amount of oxidizable substance, the radiation is sure to occur. 2. What influences have the extracts of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, and of the spleen on the increase of yeasts? When this was tested the former was seen to accelerate their multiplication while the latter on the yeast checks it.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KawamuraKeniti
en-aut-sei=Kawamura
en-aut-mei=Keniti
kn-aut-name=河村謙一
kn-aut-sei=河村
kn-aut-mei=謙一
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=11-12
article-no=
start-page=647
end-page=654
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1964
dt-pub=19641230
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The study of measles virus in dog kidney cultured cells Part II. Comparative observation of sensitivity and pathogenic morphological changs to measles virus infection of dog kidney cells and other kinds of cultured cells
kn-title=犬腎培養細胞による麻疹ウイルスの研究 第2編 麻疹ウイルスに対する犬腎細胞と各種培養細胞との感受性及び病理形態学的変化の比較
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=A comparative study on the susceptibility of measles virus and pathological changes of cells in culture was carried out with dog kidney cells and many other cultured cells by inoculating measles virus into the media of cultures. As the result it was found that FL cells and HeLa cells demonstrated the highest infectivity, followed by that of dog kidney cells. Monkey cells (MS cells) and human amnion cells (JJC-3 cells) also showed a fair degree of infectivity to measles virus (the report on such cells has not yet been made public). On the other hand, L cells and hamster kidney cells, what had been generally reported to be readily infected by measles virus were found to show a low infectivity only, indicating them to be not suitable cells for such a study.
In the case of dog kidney cells infected with measles virus, viral proliferation could be observed clearly during the period 4 to 7 days after the inoculation.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=UtsumiTakeo
en-aut-sei=Utsumi
en-aut-mei=Takeo
kn-aut-name=内海武夫
kn-aut-sei=内海
kn-aut-mei=武夫
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部微生物学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=12
article-no=
start-page=2357
end-page=2362
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1954
dt-pub=19541230
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Epidemiology of Infectious Hepatitis 2nd Report. Epidemic Observation on the Infectious Hepatitis in Akaiwa District (No. 2)
kn-title=流行性肝炎の疫学研究 第2報 赤磐地区における流行性肝炎の疫学観察（其の二）
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Comparing the epidemic of infectious hepatitis that took place in Toyoda, Onoda, as well as Kumayama in Akaiwa County, during the period ranging from march 1951 to sept. do., with the previous report on the epidemic of malignant hepatitis submitted by february 1951, following results were obtained: 1. Number of patients, 120; total ever since the first. occurence, 213 cases; For the total populace, rate of occurence, Toyoda-39%, Onoda-3.1%, Kama-mura, 2.4%. 2. As for the type of disease. contrary to the previous occasion in which typical form was predominant, this time saw the predominaney of abortive form, of which the mortality rate proved only 0.83%, in comparison to 13.9% estimated in the former time. 3. As for state of starting estimated by month, as previous occasion, maximum occurrence took place in July and August. 4. As for age, showing similar trend as before, 21-30 occupying most cases, evenly has diffused from 10 to 60. There were actually 7 cases that were above 61, which verifies that contamination in old age is not so seldom. 5. As has been in the previous occasion, as to state of contamination, what may be called village infection occupied the majority of cases; where, a special increase of familiary infection has drawn our attention, amounting to the rate of 38.3%, in comparison to former 20.4%, Which, as the infection spread itself, increases in number. 6. Familiary infection may be explained by propagated epidemic form. Its three cases had been delivered. 7. On taking a bird's'-eye-view over the whole area that was infected, the special phase for this season will come under two heads; area in which new patients have emerged around those affected formerly., and the other, which has been contaminated with a fixed current toward areas not yet. infected. The latter is considered to take shift into the former form after a while. 8. Though rare, sporadic infection could be found in this epidemic too, each of which was a case infections being pressed onward into uncontaminated area, and 6 out of 9 cases have become the source for later infection. If theses poradic infections were considered in detail, these would be clear to have a connection with that of epidemic places and also able to come under propagated epidemic form.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KosakaKiyowo
en-aut-sei=Kosaka
en-aut-mei=Kiyowo
kn-aut-name=小坂淳夫
kn-aut-sei=小坂
kn-aut-mei=淳夫
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SetoKeitaro
en-aut-sei=Seto
en-aut-mei=Keitaro
kn-aut-name=瀬戸桂太郎
kn-aut-sei=瀬戸
kn-aut-mei=桂太郎
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YuasaToshio
en-aut-sei=Yuasa
en-aut-mei=Toshio
kn-aut-name=湯浅俊男
kn-aut-sei=湯浅
kn-aut-mei=俊男
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OginoShigemi
en-aut-sei=Ogino
en-aut-mei=Shigemi
kn-aut-name=荻野重美
kn-aut-sei=荻野
kn-aut-mei=重美
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=InuiKazuhiko
en-aut-sei=Inui
en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko
kn-aut-name=乾和彦
kn-aut-sei=乾
kn-aut-mei=和彦
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IwaharaMasao
en-aut-sei=Iwahara
en-aut-mei=Masao
kn-aut-name=岩原正雄
kn-aut-sei=岩原
kn-aut-mei=正雄
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HinoMasuo
en-aut-sei=Hino
en-aut-mei=Masuo
kn-aut-name=日野益雄
kn-aut-sei=日野
kn-aut-mei=益雄
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoNaoki
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Naoki
kn-aut-name=山本直喜
kn-aut-sei=山本
kn-aut-mei=直喜
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IshidaTatsuo
en-aut-sei=Ishida
en-aut-mei=Tatsuo
kn-aut-name=石田立夫
kn-aut-sei=石田
kn-aut-mei=立夫
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室

affil-num=9
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山県衛生部公衆衛生課
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=8
article-no=
start-page=1703
end-page=1712
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1954
dt-pub=19540831
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Effects of X-iradiation on Amylase Action
kn-title=アミラーゼ作用に及ぼす「レ」線の影響
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In order to clarify what change might occur to starch saccharification in case 80, 200, or 400r X-Ray has been applied immediately after mixing of starch, taka-diastase and buffer-solution, we have conducted experiment, employing 5.0 and 20.0 cc respectively of 2.0, 1.0 as well as 0.5% starch solution, together with 1.0 and 4.0 cc each of 1.0, 0.5 and 0.1% taka-diastase solution, and obtained the following conclusions; 1) The starch saccharification of taka-diastase is to be either activated or inhibited due to the doses of the applied X-Rays, i.e., activated at 80r iradiation, while, inhibited at 200 and 400r. 2) In case auy starch saccharification due to taka-diastase should reach its limit the quantity of glucose in saccharification solution indicates none of effects shown in cases when 80, 200, and 400r have been iradiated. 3) The effect of X-Ray on starch saccharification of taka-diastase appears rather poignantly in areas of low-concentration (from 0.1 to 1.0%). Also, if we compare 80r (activated case) with 200 & 400r (cases of inhibition), the cases of activation seem to have been influenced more strongly than in cases of inhibition. 4) When X-Ray has been iradiated on the mixture of taka-diastase, starch and buffer solution, the percentage both of decrease as well as increase that has happened to the supar quantity within 3 hours after the iradiation, proves greater than that observed 6 hours later. 5) If the concentration of starch and taka-diastase solutions proves equal, in case these quantities have been augmented 4 times, almost no difference whatever should occur to the chnges of sugar quantity percentage.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KoreedaMitsuharu
en-aut-sei=Koreeda
en-aut-mei=Mitsuharu
kn-aut-name=是枝光治
kn-aut-sei=是枝
kn-aut-mei=光治
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=883
end-page=885
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1954
dt-pub=19540531
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=On the effects of X-irradiation upon enzyme activity On accumulative action of X-rays
kn-title=レ線の酵素作用に及ぼす影響 レ線の蓄積作用に就いて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Previously the author carried out experiments on the effects of X-irradiation upon enzyme activity and found that X-irradiation with small doses increases catalytic activity of enzyme, that middle doses inhibits, and what is influenced by X-rays is enzyme itself and not the substrate. Therefore, in order to clarify whether catalytic activity might be increased additionally, or be accumulated gradually until it might have inhibited the enzyme action as well as one middle dose, in case it has reached one middle dose by repeating several small doses with certain interval, so that it should reach irradiation due to one middle dose or not, using papayotin as an enzyme, gelatin as a substrate and the amount of non-protein nitrogen which increased by the gelatin decomposition, was measured. Then the author assured that when irradiation with small doses reached to middle dose by fractional irradiation same as one time of irradiation with middle doses enzyme action was inhibited and X-irradiation accumulated gradually within enzyme.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ImamuraShizuo
en-aut-sei=Imamura
en-aut-mei=Shizuo
kn-aut-name=今村静生
kn-aut-sei=今村
kn-aut-mei=静生
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=471
end-page=478
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1954
dt-pub=19540331
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Effects of Monosaccharides on the Amylase Action
kn-title=アミラーゼ作用に及ぼす単糖類の影響
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=To investigate what effects would be brought about on starch saccharification by adding certain monosaccharides, we have given 1.0 cc of 1.0% taka-diastase solution to 2.0% starch solution 5.0 cc; moreover. have conducted some saccharification tests by adding 1/1000, 1/100, 1/10 and 1.0 mol solution of glucose, galactose, fructose or mannose, and obtained the following results. (1) The starch saccharification by taka-diastase has been inhibited by an addition of the above-mentioned monosaccharide; especially, most marked in the case of glucose addition, next, galactose, then fructose and mannose, the last being feeblest of them all. After that, we have paid observations on this inhibition degree as well as on the kind of monosaccharides, in comparison with certain structural formulas ascribed to various saccharides. (2) In case 1/1000 mol solution 1.0 cc (the content of each saccharide is 0.18 mg in all cases) is added, in either case where 1.0% taka-diastase solution 1.0 cc or 2.0% starch solution 5.0 cc is concerned (which is same to the bottom), suffer no effect on its saccharification; yet, it has been inhibited considerably in case 1/10 mol solution 1.0 cc (the content of each monosaccharide 18.00 mg) has been added, and has been inhibited to a great degree in case 1.0 mol solution 1.0 cc (the contenl of each monosaccharide 180.00 mg) has been added; on the other hand, in view to an addition of 1/100 mol solution 1.0 cc (the content of each monosaccharide 1.80 mg) it is thought almost out of question on account of very slight difference it has proved against the controls, which is hard to detect any inhibition. At any rate, from 1/1000 to 1.0 mol solution 1.0 cc, i.e., within the range of from 0.18 to 180.00 mg., as the amount of saccharide added becomes greater, the starch saccharification by taka-diastase has proved more and more to suffer inhibition. (3) The content of glucose, galactose, fructose or mannose in each 1.0 mol solution 10 cc being 180.00 mg, corresponds to 1.83 times the amount of the final product of starch hydrolysis (by Liebermann's method), i.e., 98.22mg.; even if such a comparatively considerable amount of monosaccharicde as this is added, there takes place no inhibition whatever for the early stage of starch saccharification. (4) The inhibition of starch saccharification caused by taka-diastase may be, not only owing to glucose, galactose, fructose or mannose, but also owing to various kinds of intermediate products formed in saccharification solution, which have power to thwart starch saccharification caused by taka-diastase.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KoreedaMitsuharu
en-aut-sei=Koreeda
en-aut-mei=Mitsuharu
kn-aut-name=是枝光治
kn-aut-sei=是枝
kn-aut-mei=光治
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=67
cd-vols=
no-issue=3-4
article-no=
start-page=749
end-page=751
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1955
dt-pub=19550430
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=On Cases of Human Auditory Disturbances Caused by Electric Disorders
kn-title=人体に於ける電気災害に由る聽器障碍例に就て
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=There are two types in human auditory disturbances owing to electric disasters, one of which is what one may call immediate injury, appearing on the heel of those disasters; the other, used to appear days or months after disaster, and often spoken of as after injury. The author have had chance to take a survey of 4 cases that suffered violent electric disaster. 1) 65 years-old male; has become victim to A. C. 300V. immediately after the event, felt right-ear tinnitus, slight vertigo and tendency to fall down on the right side. Though he could recover in a few days from symptoms, a tinnitus as well as difficult-hearing of right ear began a year afterward. By examination, it has been proved that his right ear had a marked auditory disability in the area higher than c(2) and complete deaf at c(6). 2) 50 years-old male; experienced 4 electric shocks, i. e., 
A. C. 3.300V. 3 times; A. C. 60.000V. once.
In every time, he felt an obstruction feeling of ear, tinnitus, as well as vertigo after the disaster. These symptoms disappeared spontaneously in a few days, and at present he enjoys normal hearing. 3) 20 years-old male; struck with A. C. 3.300V. No otologic symptoms felt after the accident. At present, his hearing is normal. 4) 28 years-old male; struck with A. C. 3.300V. No sensible diorder happened. At present, normal hearing. Cases 1) and 2) may be said as immediate injuries due to electric disaster, and Case 1) may be considered to have induced after injury besides.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=UetsukaMasuo
en-aut-sei=Uetsuka
en-aut-mei=Masuo
kn-aut-name=上塚萬壽男
kn-aut-sei=上塚
kn-aut-mei=萬壽男
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=67
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=231
end-page=238
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1955
dt-pub=19550131
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental Studies on Osteomyelitis Puruienta Part I. A study on the normal blood vessel system in tbe femur
kn-title=実験的化膿性骨髓炎発生に関する研究 第1編 骨の血管構造について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This experiment was planned to study to see at what part of the metaphysis osteomyelitis purulenta started, how it developed, and what course it took. The femur of young rabit was used in this experiment and the normal blood vessel system in the femur was clarified.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TomochikaShigeru
en-aut-sei=Tomochika
en-aut-mei=Shigeru
kn-aut-name=友近茂
kn-aut-sei=友近
kn-aut-mei=茂
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=67
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=115
end-page=135
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1955
dt-pub=19550131
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental and Clinical Study on the Bone Marrow Transplantation Part 1: Co-relation between the shift of blood picture due to the bone marrow transplantation, iron metabolism and function of reticuloendothelial system
kn-title=骨髓埋沒に関する実験的並に臨床的研究 第1編 骨髓埋沒による血液像の変動と鉄代謝及び網内系機能との関係
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Increase of blood cells, decrease of serum iron quantity and a slight degree of over-function of reticuloendothelial system will be induced, by transplantating some suitable amount (Prokg. 0.5g) of bone marrow in a dog's subfascia of femur. This has been caused in urging to utilize the accumulated iron owing to promotion of hematopoetic fanction; if we investigate it about organic iron, when the blood showing an increase, ferritin in the spleen showed a tendency toward decrease, but the deposits of hemosiderin in tissue has proved little alteration from its normal state, Contrary to this, any decrease in serum iron observed under infected state, would rightly be ascribed to the retained stock of iron due to excessive function of reticuloendothelial system, due to protecting infection; esp., what comes from the absorption and deposits of hemosiderin produced along with excited breakage of hemoglobin, or resulted from imperfect utilization of iron, in hematopoetic organs; so that, there is seen certain essential differences between the excessive function of reticulo endothelial system when hematopoetic organs is stimulated, and decrease in serum iron; further, on occasion when hematopoetic function is urged according to the bone marrow transplantation, we could realize that a close connection exists between the iron metabolism and function of reticuloendothelial system: at the same time, could verify partly the mechanism in creating blood cells the occasion.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OkanoTakuya
en-aut-sei=Okano
en-aut-mei=Takuya
kn-aut-name=岡野卓也
kn-aut-sei=岡野
kn-aut-mei=卓也
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=31
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=9
end-page=20
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2009
dt-pub=200912
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Toward Development of Students' Sensitivity to the Change in Climate Environment in East Asia wi th Attention to the Variety of "SeasonaI Feeling" in the Annual Cycle
kn-title=東アジア気候環境とその変調を捉える視点の育成へ向けた学際的授業開発の取り組み（多彩な季節感を接点に）
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=To the change in the global environment, such as the Global Warming, regional climate systems will show rather different response from region to region. It is necessary for many people to be able to remark, as early as possible, what kind of regional climate change is going on, in order to mitigate the climate change itself or coming damage of the change in each region. In East Asia, the complicated seasonal variations are seen influenced by the Asian monsoon, resulting in the variety of "seasonal feeling". The present paper will discuss on the joint activity of
meteorology with music, and so on, toward development of students' sensitivity to the climate change in East Asia with attention also to the "seasonal feeling". Firstly, some important viewpoints for understanding the seasonal cycle of climate systems in East Asia will be reviewed. We will also review the rapid temperature increase around the beginning of April in the Japan Islands in association with the "seasonal feel ing", together with the reports of a lecture on that topic in a primary school. Next, another lecture on the seasonal cycle in East Asia and its climate change there
in the secondary school will be reported. Finally, the future joint research plan will be discussed.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin
en-aut-sei=Kato
en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin
kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進
kn-aut-sei=加藤
kn-aut-mei=内藏進
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatoHaruko
en-aut-sei=Kato
en-aut-mei=Haruko
kn-aut-name=加藤晴子
kn-aut-sei=加藤
kn-aut-mei=晴子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BetchakuAkio
en-aut-sei=Betchaku
en-aut-mei=Akio
kn-aut-name=別役昭夫
kn-aut-sei=別役
kn-aut-mei=昭夫
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科自然教育学系（理科）

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岐阜聖徳学園大学教育学部音楽教室

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部附属中学校（理科）
en-keyword=Climate and its Change in East Asia
kn-keyword=Climate and its Change in East Asia
en-keyword="Seasonal cycle and Seasonal Feeling"
kn-keyword="Seasonal cycle and Seasonal Feeling"
en-keyword=Meteorology and Music Songs
kn-keyword=Meteorology and Music Songs
en-keyword=Environmental Education
kn-keyword=Environmental Education
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=10
article-no=
start-page=2511
end-page=2518
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19571031
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Activation Energh for Rat's Brain Tissue Respiration I. Activation Energy for Respiration Enzym System of Untreated Rat's Whole Brain Homogenate
kn-title=大黒鼠脳組織呼吸の活性化エネルギー 第1篇 未処置大黒鼠全脳ホモジネート呼吸酵素系の活性化エネルギーについて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The author measured the activation energy of the respiration of whole brain homogenate of rats by a Warburg's manometer and obtained the following results. The oxygen absorption of the whole brain homogenate of rats under the experimental conditions was determined following the Arrhenius equation; and the activation energy was found to be about 11, 000 ± 500 cal. However, with what reaction this value might be associated remains still uncertain.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=UsuiSeigo
en-aut-sei=Usui
en-aut-mei=Seigo
kn-aut-name=薄井省吾
kn-aut-sei=薄井
kn-aut-mei=省吾
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=8
article-no=
start-page=2105
end-page=2110
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570830
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=On the Virus Pneumonia Discovered in the Northern Mountain Regions of Okayama Prefecture
kn-title=岡山県北部山間地方に続発した「ビールス」肺炎に就いて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Ever since June 1956 mainly centering around Hayashino, Mimasakacho, the mountain regions in the northern part of Okayama Prefecture we have frequently encountered virus pneumonia which by their roentgenographs were misdiagnosed for pulmonary tuberculosis. By November of the same year there appeared the patients indicative of virus pneumonia from their roentgenographs of chest, among pupils of such grade schools as Hayashino, Toyokuni, Toyoda, Narahara, and Kumon Grade Schools, all around Hayashino. Therefore, indirect x-ray photographs had been taken of 2, 019 pupils and found 381 cases whose shadow indicated what might be thought to be of virus pneumonia. We present herewith a report on x-ray findings of thes cases, percentage of the position of shadow appearance, clinical symptoms as well as on x-ray differentiation.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamamotoMichio
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Michio
kn-aut-name=山本道夫
kn-aut-sei=山本
kn-aut-mei=道夫
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TaziriTamotsu
en-aut-sei=Taziri
en-aut-mei=Tamotsu
kn-aut-name=田尻保
kn-aut-sei=田尻
kn-aut-mei=保
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KawaharaHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Kawahara
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=河原宏
kn-aut-sei=河原
kn-aut-mei=宏
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FunabikiSadao
en-aut-sei=Funabiki
en-aut-mei=Sadao
kn-aut-name=船曳定雄
kn-aut-sei=船曳
kn-aut-mei=定雄
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EgawaMasao
en-aut-sei=Egawa
en-aut-mei=Masao
kn-aut-name=江川昌男
kn-aut-sei=江川
kn-aut-mei=昌男
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishishitaSoichi
en-aut-sei=Nishishita
en-aut-mei=Soichi
kn-aut-name=西下創一
kn-aut-sei=西下
kn-aut-mei=創一
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線科

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線科

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線科

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線科

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線科

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=8
article-no=
start-page=2097
end-page=2104
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570830
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=On the Two Cases of What are Thought to be "Porzellangallenblase"
kn-title=Porzellangallenblaseと考えられる二例に就いて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The application of x-rays in the diagnosis of gall-bladder diseases is an old, well-known method, but since this is used mainly in taking a simple photograph, it is difficult to obtain a good roentgenological picture. Recently with the successive advent of excellent opaque substances such as Biligrafin, Telepaque and Priodax the diagnosis of gall bladder diseases has become quite easy, but two cases on which we report here are, on the contrary, the cases whose diagnosis has been made more difficult on account of the appearance of these excellent contrast media. This "Porzellangallenblase" is an extremely rare disease and it was first reported by H. D. Flörchen (1929) in the "Zentralblatt d. Chirurgie". It presents a piture identical with the one taken at the time when opaque substance is administered. As for the symptoms, the patient mainly complains of something similar to gall-stone; and in our cases, one was suspected of kidney stone and the other was of gall-bladder disease. Both of these were discovered at the x-ray examinations of the stomach, and each in their roentgenograph presented the stone in their bile duct. In addition their roentgenograph of the gall-bladder gave the picture identical with the one taken when opaque substance had been given. We present this case report as these are very rare cases among Japanese people in the light of available literatures.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamamotoMichio
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Michio
kn-aut-name=山本道夫
kn-aut-sei=山本
kn-aut-mei=道夫
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishishitaSoichi
en-aut-sei=Nishishita
en-aut-mei=Soichi
kn-aut-name=西下創一
kn-aut-sei=西下
kn-aut-mei=創一
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AndoRyo
en-aut-sei=Ando
en-aut-mei=Ryo
kn-aut-name=安東龍
kn-aut-sei=安東
kn-aut-mei=龍
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MorimotoYoshiki
en-aut-sei=Morimoto
en-aut-mei=Yoshiki
kn-aut-name=森本義樹
kn-aut-sei=森本
kn-aut-mei=義樹
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WakimotoMasahiro
en-aut-sei=Wakimoto
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=脇本正寛
kn-aut-sei=脇本
kn-aut-mei=正寛
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HashigamiTadashi
en-aut-sei=Hashigami
en-aut-mei=Tadashi
kn-aut-name=橋上正
kn-aut-sei=橋上
kn-aut-mei=正
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YasudaMinoru
en-aut-sei=Yasuda
en-aut-mei=Minoru
kn-aut-name=安田稔
kn-aut-sei=安田
kn-aut-mei=稔
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TaziriTamotsu
en-aut-sei=Taziri
en-aut-mei=Tamotsu
kn-aut-name=田尻保
kn-aut-sei=田尻
kn-aut-mei=保
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FunabikiSadao
en-aut-sei=Funabiki
en-aut-mei=Sadao
kn-aut-name=船曳定雄
kn-aut-sei=船曳
kn-aut-mei=定雄
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線教室

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線教室

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線教室

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線教室

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線教室

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線教室

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線教室

affil-num=9
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=8
article-no=
start-page=1933
end-page=1945
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570830
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the Pathogenic Agent of Infectious Hepatitis in Okayama Prefecture I. Experimental Studies on the Prevention and Therapy of Infectious Hepatitis
kn-title=岡山県下に発生した流行性肝炎 特に病原体に関する研究 第一編 流行性肝炎の予防及び治療に関する実験的研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Recently γ-globulin is widely used for the prevention of infectious hepatitis in the field of clinical medicine, but its conclusive effect is still in question. In the prcsent part, the author studied what changes the administration of γ-globulin produced in the infectious aspect of hepatitis. The γ-globulin obtained from the healthy men and the one from the convalescents of hepatitis were used, and the infectious aspect was judged by the pathological findings in the mouse. It is noteworthy that the γ-globulin of convalescent sera showed a little noticeable preventive effect, though not a remarkable one. Consequently, it is inferred that more reliable effect will be obtained by using the γ-globulin containing a sufficient amount of antibody, and also by employing other various methods.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=EnsakoKatsumi
en-aut-sei=Ensako
en-aut-mei=Katsumi
kn-aut-name=遠迫克美
kn-aut-sei=遠迫
kn-aut-mei=克美
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部微生物学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=1579
end-page=1590
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570630
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on Pathologic Physiology of the Bone Marrow Part Three Permeability Inhibition to Dyes in Various Sinuses of the Bone Marrow of the Rabbits Blocked of the Reticulo-Endothelial System by Indian Ink
kn-title=骨髓の病態生理に関する研究 第三編 網内系墨汁填塞家兎骨髄静脈竇に於ける色素透過阻止について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Fujii, Fujita, and Soejima of our laboratory, after a series of experiments with adult rabbits, have already made it clear that retension or mobilization of the marrow blood by the marrow circulation of active substances in the marrow is controlled by contraction or dilatation of the marrow blood vessels, namely, by the vascular actions: and they further have mentioned that no such retension or mobilization is observable in the rabbits blocked of the reticul-endothelial system by indian ink. Therefore, in order to investigate by what mechanism the blocking of the reticulo-endothelial system inhibits vascular actions, the author has performed the following experiment. Namely, by pouring 1% Patent blue, Tripan blue, or Berlin blue dissolved in saline in intact adult rabbits and in the rabbits blocked of the reticulo-endothelial system by indial ink. Splteholz's preparates and tissue specimens of the femur have been made, and the permeability through blood vessels of the dyes mentioned above has been observed: and the following interesting results have been obtained: 1) Any one of these dyes can readily pemeate from venous sinuses of the bone marrow if intact rabbits while none permeates in the case of the rabbits blocked of the reticulo-endothelial system by indian ink. 2) From the above fact, it seems that all the active substances of the bone marrow permeate through venous sinusess into the marrow parenchyma on which they act, at the sametime exerting influences on the marrow nerves; while in the cases whose reticuloendothelial system is blocked by indian ink, that is, when the walls of venous sinus are blocked with indian ink, the permeability of such active substances is inhibited and consequently no action takes place.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SatoHyoye
en-aut-sei=Sato
en-aut-mei=Hyoye
kn-aut-name=佐藤兵衛
kn-aut-sei=佐藤
kn-aut-mei=兵衛
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=1379
end-page=1389
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570531
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Effective Mechanism of Occlusion of the Anterior Chorioidal Artery for Parkinsonism Part I. On the distribution of the anterior chorioidal artery
kn-title=パーキンソン症候群に対する前脈絡動脈血行遮断の治療効果機転に関する実験的研究 第1編 前脈絡動脈の分布領域について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Several surgical attacks have recently been carried out for Parkinsonism. In 1954, J. Browder reported improvement in Parkinsonism by occulusion of the anterior chorioidal artery, but it was not obvious what was the effective mechanism of the therapy. Therfore, the auther tried to solve the problem and the following results habe been obtained. Cat was used for experimental study. After the injection of gelatin India-ink into the anterior chorioidal artery, the area of its distribution was determined by microscopy of the specimens of serial section. The most common area was as follows: 1. A part of Tractus optics. 2. Capsula interna (posterior to Nucleus praethl. ant.) 3. About the half of Globus pallidus (posterior to Nucleus praethl. ant.) 4. Nucleus amygdalae (about the medial two-thirds). 5. Cornus ammonis. 6. Lobus piriformis. 7. Plexus chorioidea. 8. A part of Ganglion geniculatum laterale, a part of Radiatio optica, and a part of thalamus. Thus, there is almost no difference between the blood supply of the anterior chorioidal artery of man and that of cats.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MiyamuraToshio
en-aut-sei=Miyamura
en-aut-mei=Toshio
kn-aut-name=宮村敏男
kn-aut-sei=宮村
kn-aut-mei=敏男
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1（陣内）外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=1335
end-page=1340
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570531
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Influence of X-Ray on the Enzymic Action of Organ
kn-title=臟器酵素におよぼすレ線の影響について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The paper is the report on the results obtained from the experimental studies to find out what extent does the influence of X-Ray affect the enzymic action of organ, the basic metabolic process of living organism. Summary of the results: 1. In healthy mature rabbits, with three organs, namely, the brain, liver and kidney, the amount found of Kateptase, Amylase and Urease were highest in the kidneys and the livers came the next, while the brains contained the least. With Arginase, it was found to be highest in the livers, and kidneys were the next, but the brains had the least. 2. Healthy mature rabbits were submitted with daily X Ray radiaton of 300 r for a period of 10 days and the animals were killled when the total dosage had reached 3000 r, and respective action of Kateptase, Amylase, Arginase and Urease in brain, liver and kidney were compared with the nonirradiated rabbits. It was found that the action of Kateptase, Arginase and Urease of these three organs have been markedly increased by the X Ray radiation and degree of influence was the highest in the brains: with Amylase action in respective organ, it was decreased and its effect was most noticeable in the brain.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KandaMizuho
en-aut-sei=Kanda
en-aut-mei=Mizuho
kn-aut-name=神田瑞穗
kn-aut-sei=神田
kn-aut-mei=瑞穗
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakanishiYoshio
en-aut-sei=Nakanishi
en-aut-mei=Yoshio
kn-aut-name=中西喜雄
kn-aut-sei=中西
kn-aut-mei=喜雄
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MimuraKimimasa
en-aut-sei=Mimura
en-aut-mei=Kimimasa
kn-aut-name=三村公正
kn-aut-sei=三村
kn-aut-mei=公正
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IshikawaMasaji
en-aut-sei=Ishikawa
en-aut-mei=Masaji
kn-aut-name=石川正次
kn-aut-sei=石川
kn-aut-mei=正次
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KogataSeiichi
en-aut-sei=Kogata
en-aut-mei=Seiichi
kn-aut-name=古形誠一
kn-aut-sei=古形
kn-aut-mei=誠一
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyoshiYoshinori
en-aut-sei=Miyoshi
en-aut-mei=Yoshinori
kn-aut-name=三好義則
kn-aut-sei=三好
kn-aut-mei=義則
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshiiShimizu
en-aut-sei=Yoshii
en-aut-mei=Shimizu
kn-aut-name=吉井清水
kn-aut-sei=吉井
kn-aut-mei=清水
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoMichio
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Michio
kn-aut-name=山本道夫
kn-aut-sei=山本
kn-aut-mei=道夫
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線医学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=229
end-page=235
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570131
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=An Interesting Case of Diencephalosis
kn-title=間脳症と思われる一臨床例
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The authors encountered an interesting case who had had the periodic attacks of twilight state, with accompaniment of marked autonomic deficiencies (flushing of the face, sweating, polydipsia, abdominal pains, pollakiuria, polyuria, and insomnia), 10 times since the age of twelve. Somatically and neurologically, no striking changes other than vagotonia and adrenalinresponse blood-sugar curve belonging to what Kato et al. call First Curve Group B type, have been observed; yet by dividing the duration of periodic attacks into five phases and studying the progress and the genetic factors of this disease both from the psychiatric and the somatic standpoints, it leads to the conclusion that the case might possibly be included in the diencephalic syndrome. Chlorpromazine therapy offers markedly beneficial effects on this case as shown by the disapperarance of twilight state and the stabilization of autonomic deficiencies. And since the decrease in the amount of urine and the rate of its stabilization parallel with the amounts of chlorpromazine administered, it can be assumed that this drug is quite efficacious to diabetes insipidus.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NasuHiroyuki
en-aut-sei=Nasu
en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki
kn-aut-name=那須弘之
kn-aut-sei=那須
kn-aut-mei=弘之
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HigashiSusumu
en-aut-sei=Higashi
en-aut-mei=Susumu
kn-aut-name=東漸
kn-aut-sei=東
kn-aut-mei=漸
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiokaHirosuke
en-aut-sei=Nishioka
en-aut-mei=Hirosuke
kn-aut-name=西岡博輔
kn-aut-sei=西岡
kn-aut-mei=博輔
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=14
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=357
end-page=386
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1982
dt-pub=19821030
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What data tell us about the conciousness of belonging to the "middle" (upper, lower) class - A Survey of the Undergraduates' family background
kn-title=中流階層帰属意識の分析―大学生の出身階層調査を素材として―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujimoriSyunsuke
en-aut-sei=Fujimori
en-aut-mei=Syunsuke
kn-aut-name=藤森俊輔
kn-aut-sei=藤森
kn-aut-mei=俊輔
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=199
end-page=233
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1983
dt-pub=19830620
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What data tell us about the consciousness of belonging to the "middle" (upper, lower) class - A Survey of the Undergraduates' family background (concluded)
kn-title=（続）中流階層帰属意織の分析―大学生の出身階層調査を素材として―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujimoriSyunsuke
en-aut-sei=Fujimori
en-aut-mei=Syunsuke
kn-aut-name=藤森俊輔
kn-aut-sei=藤森
kn-aut-mei=俊輔
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=22
cd-vols=
no-issue=3-4
article-no=
start-page=47
end-page=69
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1991
dt-pub=19910226
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What Was Brought About through the Regional Development in Okayama-Kennan Wider-Area ?
kn-title=地域開発は何をもたらしたか―岡山県南地区の経済・財政の変貌を通じて考える―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SakamotoChuji
en-aut-sei=Sakamoto
en-aut-mei=Chuji
kn-aut-name=坂本忠次
kn-aut-sei=坂本
kn-aut-mei=忠次
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=23
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=37
end-page=50
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1991
dt-pub=19911216
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Seniority System and Corporate Growth - what we can see the change of equilibrium growth rate -
kn-title=年功制と企業成長―均衡成長率の変化から読み取れること―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KobayashiToshio
en-aut-sei=Kobayashi
en-aut-mei=Toshio
kn-aut-name=小林敏男
kn-aut-sei=小林
kn-aut-mei=敏男
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=28
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=317
end-page=330
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1997
dt-pub=19970310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Determinants of Investment by Public Corporations
kn-title=公企業投資の決定要因
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We can find many books and articles discussing about public investments or fiscal policy, especially at a time when there are recessions as the Japanese Economy in 1990's. But it seems to be that there have been fewer studies about how the scale of public investments were determined or what was the determinants of them. This paper is devoted to investigating the elements which have determined investments of public sectors, supposing an simple but important assumption; civil servants try to maximize their own utilities which usually are surpluses after required expenditures are paid. Subject to this assumption an investment model of public corporations is made and compared with Model maximizing social welfare. Finally, some interpretations and problems of this analysis are presented.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SasakiNario
en-aut-sei=Sasaki
en-aut-mei=Nario
kn-aut-name=佐々木伯朗
kn-aut-sei=佐々木
kn-aut-mei=伯朗
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=28
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=275
end-page=292
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1997
dt-pub=19970310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Four Types of Demonstration of the Necessity of Money
kn-title=貨幣の必然性論の4類型
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In this paper, Marxian attempts to demonstrate the necessity of money in market economy are classified into the four types of theory as
follows : (1) one which focuses on money as the measure of value and does not use the concept of labour-value in the demonstration (2) one which focuses on money as the means of circulation and uses the concept of labour-value in the demonstration (3) one which focuses on money as the means of circulation and does not use the concept of labour-value in the demonstration (4) one which focuses on money as the measure of value and uses the concept of labour-value in the demonstration. The author thinks that the second type of theory should be adopted for two reasons. First, the concept of labour-value makes it possible to find out what set of social relations among individual labours makes money necessary as a means of social reproduction. Second, money as the measure of value can be meaningful only in an economy where money as the means of circulation is necessitated by indirect exchanges of commodities.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WadaYutaka
en-aut-sei=Wada
en-aut-mei=Yutaka
kn-aut-name=和田豊
kn-aut-sei=和田
kn-aut-mei=豊
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=28
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=59
end-page=78
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1997
dt-pub=19970310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=On Multiperiod Policy Implementation Model
kn-title=多期間政策インプリメンテーション・モデルについて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=It is intended here to investigate the basic structures and functions of the so-called "reputation" regime of macroeconomic policy-making by making use of a simple macro-model as composed of aggregate Lucas-type supply and ordinary demand functions in a familiar static framework of two targets and one policy instrument. The regime is conceived as one of
many possible compromises between commitment and discretion, possible in a multi-period setting of the intrinsically static model, and the private
sector's way of rational expectations is shown to be decisive in what reputation regime is concretely effected as a substitute for unrealistic commitment.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujimotoToshimi
en-aut-sei=Fujimoto
en-aut-mei=Toshimi
kn-aut-name=藤本利躬
kn-aut-sei=藤本
kn-aut-mei=利躬
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=30
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=303
end-page=331
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1999
dt-pub=19990310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title='We Will Construct Our Assembly Line' (II)  : the Case of the Tahara No.1 Plant of Toyota
kn-title=現場が作る組立ライン(II)―田原第1組立工場の事例―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Since the beginning of 1990 s, Toyota has been pursuing a new direction in its human resource management and assembly work. After encountering a labor crisis-labor shortage and high turn over of young workers-during the economic boom provoked by the "financial bubble" toward the end of 1980 s, Toyota's management and Union discussed
ways of making the work more attractive. Based on this discussion, the production engineering division developed a new assembly line concept realized firstly at Toyota Kyushu plant (1992), applied also to Toyota's Motomachi No.2 plant (1994), Tahara No.1 plant (1995) and Motomachi No.1 plant (1996). Among these plants, the construction of the assembly line at Tahara No.1 Plant constitutes a unique case in the fact that it was not the production engineering division, but the foremen, supervisors and engineers belonging to the plant who conceived and constructed this new assembly line. Moreover, in order to realize what they considered as their ideal assembly line, they proposed to the product development center an important change of car structure and parts design from the very beginning of product development where the so called "concurrent engineering" has started. The second part of this paper deals with the 'Kaizen' activities in order to realize their "ideal assembly line" after construction. In the concluding section, I emphasize the fact that the
'Kaizen' activities at Toyota are now centered on humanization of work certainly without renouncing efforts towards cost reduction.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ShimizuKoichi
en-aut-sei=Shimizu
en-aut-mei=Koichi
kn-aut-name=清水耕一
kn-aut-sei=清水
kn-aut-mei=耕一
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=30
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=185
end-page=211
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1999
dt-pub=19990310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=What Firm do Women Workers Use Child-care Leave Program?
kn-title=育児休業利用に関する企業･事業所の違い
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This paper analyses actual uses of child-care leave program by workers based upon two data sources. This is the first research which focus on firm-level use of child-care leave program. One of the interesting findings is a negative relationship between women's share of firms and use of child-care leave program. My conclusion is that an introduction of child-care leave program leads firms to hesitate to hire women workers
because women cost relatively high.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WakisakaAkira
en-aut-sei=Wakisaka
en-aut-mei=Akira
kn-aut-name=脇坂明
kn-aut-sei=脇坂
kn-aut-mei=明
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=30
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=125
end-page=162
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1999
dt-pub=19990310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title='We Will Construct Our Assembly Line' ( I ) : the Case of the Tahara No.1 Plant of Toyota
kn-title=現場が作る組立ライン（I）―田原第1取立工場の事例―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Since the Beginning of 1990 s, Toyota has been pursuing a new direction in its human resource management and assembly work. After encountering a labor crisis-labor shortage and high turn over of young workers-during the economic boom provoked by the "financial bubble" toward the end of 1980 s, Toyota's management and Union discussed
ways of making the work more attractive. Based on this discussion, the production eugineering division developed a new kssembly line concept realized firstly at Toyota Kyushu plant (1992), applied also to Toyota's Motomachi No.2 plant (1994), Tahara No.1 plant (1995) and Motomachi
No.1 plant (1996). Among these plants, the construcion of the assembly line at Tahara No. 1 plant constitutes a unique case in the fact that it was not the production engineering division, but the foremen, supervisors and engineers belonging to the plant who conceived and constructed this new assembly line. Moreover, in order to realize what they considered as their ideal assembly line, they proposed to the product development center an important change of car structure and parts design from the very beginning of product development where the so called "concurrent engineering" has started. The first part of this paper explains, and thus why and how they conceived and constructed their own assembly line after presenting this assembly line concept and work orgnaization in this plant.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ShimizuKoichi
en-aut-sei=Shimizu
en-aut-mei=Koichi
kn-aut-name=清水耕一
kn-aut-sei=清水
kn-aut-mei=耕一
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=31
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=285
end-page=302
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2000
dt-pub=20000310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A Note on Capital Commitment and Cournot Competition with Labour-Managed and Profit-Maximising Firms
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This paper shows that the discussion of Lambertini and Rossini (1998) as to the strategic investment levels oflabour-managed firms in a
labour-managed (LM) duopoly is misleading. This is due to the fact that there is no duality between the conditions for maximisation and
minimisation, and what is worse, an equilibrium needed for comparison is interior when the investment behaviour of the firms is discussed along the conventional method. We reconsider whether they overinvest or underinvest in R&D, employing a more general model with R&D spillovers. It is demonstrated that results obtained in the LM duopoly are similar to those in a conventional duopoly of profit-maximising firms.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HarunaShoji
en-aut-sei=Haruna
en-aut-mei=Shoji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=31
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=133
end-page=151
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2000
dt-pub=20000310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Structure and Implications of the Three Dimensional Double Entry Accounting System
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The essence of the Statement of cash flows required by FASB's Statement of financial accounting standards No. 95 in 1987 is the cash basis statement of changes in a financial position, because it must show the reconciliation between net income and CFO (Cash flow from
operations) in the main body or in the footnote of the statement. The year 1987 when the new basic financial statement appeared was the starting point from which the effort should be made to formulate new conceptual framework of financial accounting that accommodates three basic financial statements: the Balance sheet, Income statement, and the Statement of cash flows. However, little argument has been aroused toward this direction in the U. S. It is mainly because the traditional and conventional double entry bookkeeping system that is designed to prepare only the Balance sheet and the Income statements are deeply rooted to the conventional
accounting philosophy. This system can be called "two dimensional accounting system", one dimension for the Balance sheet and another dimension for the Income statement. What we need now is to construct an accounting system that can
produce all three basic financial statement at the same time. Such a system can be called "three dimensional double entry accounting system", and will be demonstrated in this paper. This 3 D accounting system can provide underlying basis for the Statement of cash flows as the basic
financial statement, in terms of the system of accounts as well as the conceptual structure.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SatohMichimasa
en-aut-sei=Satoh
en-aut-mei=Michimasa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=31
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=33
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1999
dt-pub=19991210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Bubble and Monetary Policy in Japan: 1984-1989
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=There will be no great opposition, among Japanese people, to the assertion that the problem of non-performing debt was the most important inducement to the present serious depression in Japan. The
non-performing debt problem was brought about by the huge swell of the bubble in the later 1980's and its collapse after entering 1990's. As for the
causes ofthe bubble formation several useful books were published rather intensively during 1992-93. But in February 1994, Mr. Mieno, the then
Governor of the Bank of Japan, stated at a lecturing speech that the causes of the bubble had not been clarified yet. He enumerated some
problems to be solved, for example why bubbles took place almost simultaneously over the world, and why such tremendous rise of asset prices occurred. Basically this reflection seems to be right. Relevant researches, which were published mostly during 1992-1993, if we dare to simplify, pointed out two factors as the important causes of
the bubble: various financial de-regulations and long-lasted cheap money policy which was closely concerned with the so-called "international cooperation of economic policy" in 1986-87. This paper is not against these arguments at all. However it calls attentions to the fact that preceding researches have overlooked an important problem to be solved: that is to say, the problem of the correlation between the rapid appreciation of yen and the soaring up of asset prices. The paper tries to analyze the simultaneous development of yen appreciation and asset inflation. Consequently it points out that the
key factor was the massive inflow of foreign short-term capital. In other words, banks took in huge short-term money from abroad and lent it to firms as impact loan, which is presumably a peculiar Japanese financial instrument. Firms converted borrowed dollar into yen and invested it in asset markets. In the case of stocks, Tokkin & Fan-tora, deposited with trust banks, played an important role as the intermediary. Thus the prices of assets rose steeply. The banks' huge taking-in of foreign short-term money resulted in a strong selling pressure on US dollar in the exchange market. Thus the dollar fell and the yen rose. A pioneering work along this line is S. Nakao (1991). Unfortunately he confines his interest to the relation between the
activities of banks and the appreciation of yen, putting the codevelopment of yen appreciation and the asset inflation out of his argument. In addition, preceding researches, which stress the financial deregulations as the most important cause of the bubble, tend only to enumerate various de-regulations. And they seem to have been
unsuccessful in clarifying what part of the deregulations was crucial. This paper deems the abolitions of regulations on impact loan and on yenten as crucial. It was these de-regulations that played by far the most important roles in the formation ofthe bubble. Finally, the reader will see some concluding remarks at the end of the
paper. The main concern of the paper lies, however, in the field of fact verification. What to learn or derive from verified facts belongs rather to a role of politicians and high officials.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IchinoseAtsushi
en-aut-sei=Ichinose
en-aut-mei=Atsushi
kn-aut-name=一ノ瀬篤
kn-aut-sei=一ノ瀬
kn-aut-mei=篤
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=32
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=29
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2001
dt-pub=20010310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Decisive Day. On October 9, 1989, in Leipzig
kn-title=決着の日--1989年10月9日,ライプツィヒ
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The history of DDR ended when the Wall between East and West Berlin fell down on November 9, 1989. Just one month before the Wall fell
down, on October 9, 70,000 citizens demonstrated in Leipzig (at that time, the population of the city was 550,000). Though this demonstration was
illigal, the authorities couldn't stop it. The success of this demonstration caused a rapid loss ofthe authority of the system. What caused this situation was that the citizens of Leipzig accumulated various dissatisfactions against the economic, political and social system and that the system itself couldn't solve their dissatisfactions. The problem was who organized these dissatisfactions. In Leipzig, the church became the place where the citizens concentrated
and the demonstration succeeded through the mediation of Masur, the director of Gewandhaus, between the citizens and the party (SED) in
Leipzig.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujimotoTateo
en-aut-sei=Fujimoto
en-aut-mei=Tateo
kn-aut-name=藤本建夫
kn-aut-sei=藤本
kn-aut-mei=建夫
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=甲南大学経済学部
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=12-1
article-no=
start-page=8139
end-page=8148
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19591120
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental Study on the Repair of Tympanic Perforations
kn-title=鼓膜穿孔閉鎖術に関する研究2編 鼓膜穿孔閉鎖術に関する実験的研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Recently an attempt to repair the perforated drum has become quite common. However, as regards the questions what histopathological finding could be observed in both the tympanic membrane and the transplanted graft, and whether such a graft would cover up the perforations to take place of the tympanic membrane, or the graft would play only a role aiding regeneration of the tympanic membrane, there are still no histopathological studies. In order to solve these questions central perforations in pars tensa of the tympanic membrane of rabbits were made with injection needles and these perforations were repaired by transplanting free skin or buccal mucous membrane graft from the same animals, and the following conclusion were obtained. 1. Of the 14 ears transplanted with free skin graft, in 7 cases (50%) the transplantation was successful, namely, the free skin graft adhered to the tympanic membrane. Of 10 ears receiving the transplantation of buccal mucous membrane graft it was successful in two cases. (20%). 2. By the fifth to sixth day after the transplantation, there could be observed no marked changes in the skin graft or in the buccal mucous membrane graft, and also no fibrous adhesion could be observed between the transplanted graft and the tympanic membrane. 3. On the seventh day it was observed that transplantation began to take hold of itself between the transplanted free skin graft or the buccal mucous membrane graft and the tympanic membrane. 4. In the case where the transplantation had come to take hold of itself, the epithelium of the mucous membrane of tympanic membrane, extending along the interior side of the transplanted graft, closed the perforation, and the submucous tissue of tympanic membrane adhered directly to the connective tissue of the skin graft or the buccal mucous membrane graft. 5. When the adhesion takes place, the grafted skin or the buccal mucous membrane loses their morphological characteristics. As the times go on, the structure of the grafted tissues is used to change metaplasically to the tissue which reminds us of the lamina propria of the tympanic membrane. In this instance the new tympanic membrane is quite thick at the beginning but it gradually becomes thinner.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NaganoToichiro
en-aut-sei=Nagano
en-aut-mei=Toichiro
kn-aut-name=永野統一郎
kn-aut-sei=永野
kn-aut-mei=統一郎
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=12-1
article-no=
start-page=7957
end-page=7976
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19591120
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the Iron and Copper Metabolisms in the So-Called Banti's Disease Part 2. Influences of the Anemia-Inducing Agent on the Iron and Copper Metabolisms in the So-Called Banti's Disease
kn-title=所謂Banti氏病の鉄及び銅代謝にする研究 第2編 所謂Banti氏病の催貧血性因子の鉄及び銅代謝に及ぼす影響に就いて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The author studied what influences might be exerted on the iron and copper metabolisms in rabbits by anemia-inducing, substance found in the patient with the so-called Banti's disease, and obtained the following results. 1. In the rabbits injected with the serum or the spleen extract of Banti's disease patients, there can be recognized a decrease in the number of erythrocytes and in the serum iron content and an increase in the serum copper content. 2. After injecting the serum and the spleen extract of the patient to rabbits, the iron and copper contents in the liver and spleen of the animals were measured. From these results as well as from their bone marrow picture, and the serum iron and copper contents it has became clear that the mobilization of the stored iron is disturbed and that the copper metabolism is involved in it. 3. Even in the non-toxic splenomegaly (Tomoda) it has been recognized that there exists an agent that induces changes in the iron and copper metabolisms.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OkadaYoshio
en-aut-sei=Okada
en-aut-mei=Yoshio
kn-aut-name=岡田由夫
kn-aut-sei=岡田
kn-aut-mei=由夫
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=11-1
article-no=
start-page=7527
end-page=7530
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19591020
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A case Report on Continual Partial Epilepsy (Koshewnikow)
kn-title=Epilepsia partialis continua (Koshewnikow) の一例
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=A 47-years old farmer, male: Afflicted with paratyphus C, at the age of 29 years, and followed by tertian malaria, attack occurring at the interval of three days. Thereafter he had continual and intermittent tic-like or tonic cramps. This cramps grow more frequent with lapse of time, and finally the cramps occured uninterruptedly during his waking hours. This does not change by emotional changes, what he wants to do or by his will, but it is absent during his sleeping hours. Concomitant with such clinical symptoms, multiple foci from the right hemisphere can always be observed in the electroencephalogram, and sometimes multiple foci from the left hemisphere can also be seen. In the physocephalic picture a slight atrophic picture can be recognized in a portion of the cerebrum, especially in the right hemisphere. Then in March when he was about 47 years old, he had occasional expiratory dyspnea, and thereafter there occurred transiently such symptoms as loss of memory, fatigue, and restlessness what might be construed as “epilepsy-replacement” phenomena. However, up today there occurred no great or small fit or loss of consciousness.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NambaHidehiro
en-aut-sei=Namba
en-aut-mei=Hidehiro
kn-aut-name=難波英弘
kn-aut-sei=難波
kn-aut-mei=英弘
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=国立岩国病院精神科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=11-1
article-no=
start-page=7219
end-page=7234
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19591020
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on Skin Capillary Blood Vessels at the Root of Finger Nail Part 1. Statistica Observations on the Skin Capillary Blood Vessels at the Root of Finger Nail in Advanced Age
kn-title=指爪根部皮膚毛細血管に関する研究 第1編 高令者に於ける指爪根部皮膚毛細血管の統計的観察
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In the observations carried on the skin capillary blood vessels at the root of finger nail in 1934 cases of advanced age it has been found that the branches of both skin arterial and venous capillaries at the root of finger nail have gradually shrunk, and loops are distended and crooked, showing somewhat a lesser number of the loops. he blood circulation has become slower, and there tends to be a greater number of nodules what appear to be arterial capillary nodular changes of the vessel wall. It has been clarified, however, that such changes, that can be construed as the changes of old age, have a correlation with not only the advance in age but also with arterial sclerosis as well as with hypertension.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SegoshiHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Segoshi
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=瀬越宏
kn-aut-sei=瀬越
kn-aut-mei=宏
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=10-1
article-no=
start-page=6399
end-page=6406
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590920
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on Bile Pigment Part 2. On the Glucnronic Acid Metabolism in the Urine of Various Biliary
kn-title=胆汁色素に関する研究 第2編 各種黄疽疾患々者尿に於けるGlucuron酸代謝に就いて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Using the urine obtained from four cases of mechanical jaundice, one case of acute hapatitis, and one case of chronic hepatitis, (cholangiolitis) to the total of six cases and isolating ester-type direct bilirubins by Sakamoto's ion-exchange chromatography, the author studied the bilirubin glucuronide distribution as against the fractions of the entire ester-type bilirubins; and obtained the following restlts. 1. When the distribution of bilirubin giucuronide is calculated on the basis of the quantitative determination of glucuronic acid: a) The minimum value of bilirubin glucuronide to the entire ester-type bilirubin was zero per cent, the maximum 30-60 per cent, and the average 16-32 per cent. b) As to the variation by different diseases it was impossible to determine definitely as the number of the cases studied was small. c) In the case with normal liver function or with a minimal disturbance of the liver, the minimum value was 12.5-25 per cent; the maximum 30-60 per cent; and the average value was 17-38 per cent. In the case with advanced liver disorder the minimum value was zero per cent; the maximum 10.5-21 per cent; and the average 5.5-11 per cent. 2. When the bilirubin glucuronide distribution is calculated from the indirect bilirubin content produced after hydrolysis by alkali: a) The minimum value is zero per cent; the maximum 38 per cent; and the average was 21 per cent. b) In the case with normal liver function or with a minimal disorder of the liver the minimum value was 13 per cent; the maximum 38 per cent; and the average value 24 per cent; while in the case with far advanced disorder of the liver the minimum was zero per cent; the maximum 17 per cent; and the average 9 per cent. 3. From these findnings it can be assumed that the direct bilirubins in the jaundice urine, with exception of basic direct bilirubin, belong mostly to what we call the ester-type direct bilirubin in our laboratory, while on the contrary the quantity of bilirubin glucuronide can be found only in a small percentage, and in the case of far advanced disorder of the liver it is sometimes extremely reduced and even disappears completely when compared with the quantity of the so-called ester-type direct bilirubin.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MonobéTaisei
en-aut-sei=Monobé
en-aut-mei=Taisei
kn-aut-name=物部大成
kn-aut-sei=物部
kn-aut-mei=大成
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=10-1
article-no=
start-page=6389
end-page=6397
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590920
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on Bile Pigment Part 1. Relationship between Glucuronic Acid and Direct Bilirubins, Both Ester form and Salt form, Isolated from the Urine of Patients with Mechanical Jaundice
kn-title=胆汁色素に関する研究 第1編 機械性黄疽患者尿より分離されたEster型並びに塩型直接BilirubinとGlucuron酸との関係に就いて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=With the urine of the patient with mechanical jaundice the author isolated direct bilirubins, both ester form and salt form, by the toutine techniques employed in our laboratory, and studied the realtionship between glucuronic acid and these bilirubins. 1. Regardless of the techniques used in isolating direct bilins of salt form the glucuronic acid reaction proves to be always negative. 2 Of the direct bilirubins of ester form, the one isolated by Komuta's precipitation method is negative to the glucuronic acid test. 3. Of direct bilirubins of ester form obtained by the ion-exchange chromatography as well as by butanol extraction method, most of them are positive to the glucuronic acid test but some prove to be negative. 4. By paper and column chromatography it has been possible to isolate from the esterform direct bilirubin fractions positive to glucuronic acid the direct bilirubin that is related to glucuronic acid aside from the ester-form direct bilirubins, but the quantity is trivial. From these results the existence of bilirubin glucuronide as contended by Billing et al can be understandable, but its quantity is an extremely small portion of the total ester-form bilirubins, and almost all of them prove to be what we in our laboratory call "ester-form direct bilirubins"
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MonobéTaisei
en-aut-sei=Monobé
en-aut-mei=Taisei
kn-aut-name=物部大成
kn-aut-sei=物部
kn-aut-mei=大成
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=9-2
article-no=
start-page=6137
end-page=6144
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590910
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on Alkylphosphate Poisoning Part 4. Effects of Parathion Exposure in the Field
kn-title=有機燐剤中毒に関する研究 第4編 農薬パラチオン散布作業の人体に与える影響
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=With the purpose to elucidate the influence of parathion exposure on the human body while spraying it in the rice field, the author studied 37 farmers in the Bizen rice-producing farmland as the subjects; and obtained the following results. 1. There is no difference between the physical findings before sparying and those after the spraying. 2. As for subjective symptoms 4 cases (10.8%) complained of the symptoms that can be thought relatively charateristic to parathion poisoning, and 12 cases (32.4%) complained of symptoms that are not characteristic. However., judging them in conjunction with the values of serum cholinesterase, these symptoms are not due to poisoning but they are due to fatigue or incidental ones. In any event, the total of 16 cases (43.2%) had complained about some symptoms on account of spraying parathion. 3. Twenty-four cases (14.8) showed urine p-nitrophenol which is the evidence of absorbing parathion into the body. As those who absorbed parathion at early stage of the spray may no longer show p-nitorphenol in the urine, if these possible cases are added, the actual number of absorbing parathion will be greater. 4. What is a convincing evidence of parathion invasion into the body, namely, inhibiton of serum cholinesterase, can be recognized in 15 cases (40.5%). The ones that showed the greatest reduction of serum cholinesterase as low as minus 64.8 per cent are thought to be on the verge of onset of poisoning. 5. Those who showed either p-nitrophenol in the urine or inhibition of serum cholinesterase, in cther words, those who were really exposed to danger during parathion spraying amounted actually as much as 30 cases, 81 per cent of the total studied. Therefore, at the present method of spraying those actually attacked dy parathion poisoning are rare, but as they are really exposed to that danger, it is desirable to take all possible precautionary measures during the work.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=UématsuYoshinori
en-aut-sei=Uématsu
en-aut-mei=Yoshinori
kn-aut-name=植松義則
kn-aut-sei=植松
kn-aut-mei=義則
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=9-1
article-no=
start-page=5725
end-page=5730
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590830
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental Studies on Fluorine Poisoning Part 2. A study on the Phosphorus Metabolism of Teeth and in Fluorine Poisoning by P(32) in vitro
kn-title=弗素中毒に関する実験的研究 第2編 生体外におけるP(32)による歯牙及び骨の燐代謝に関する研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=After inducing fluorine poisoning in two groups of young rats by administering various NaF solutions consecutively for one week in one group and for one month in another group, the auther observed the phosphorus metabolism in vitro of the teeth and bones of these rats by means of radioactive isotope P(32), and obtained the following results. On the other hand, the author investigated what change might be brought upon the phsophorus metabolism in the milk teeth of the children given a dose of 0.2 mg and 1.0 mg NaF each for the period of one year with the purpose to prevent tooth-decay, and compared the results of the two. Method: Both the rats with fluorine poisoning and control group are sacrificed and the teeth and bones are extracted. Also the milk teeth at the deciduous stage are extracted from kindergarten children treated with NaF for the prevention of tooth-decay. These teeth and bones are cleaned of tooth pulp and bone marrow as much as possible and pulverized. The pulverized materials are filtered through the strainer of 60 meshes and the materials from the teeth and bones are weighed exactly 20 mg each, and to each of these samples 2cc phosphoric acid (H(3)P(32)O(4), 3000 counts/min) is added in a test-tube and shaken for one hour. The sedimented substances are separed from the supernatant and thoroghly washed, filtered, and dried, and finally the radioactivity is measured by Gieger-Müller counters. Experimental results: 1. In the group of animals given NaF for one week the quantity of P(32) incorporated in the teeth tends to decrease slightly with the increase in the dosage of NaF, while the amount of P(32) incorporated in the bones rather tends to increase slighelv along with the increase in the dosage of NaF given. 2. In the group given NaF for one month the amounts of P(32) incorporated in the teeth and bones tend to decrease along with the increase in the dosage of NaF given. 3. Both in the group given NaF for one week and that for one month the amount of P(32) incorporated in the bones is greater than that in the teeth. 4. In the teeth of the kindergarten children rally administered with fluorine compound repeatedly for one year the amount of P(32) incorporated in enamel is clearly less than that in dentin along with the increase in the dosage of NaF.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ShindoSadayoshi
en-aut-sei=Shindo
en-aut-mei=Sadayoshi
kn-aut-name=進藤貞義
kn-aut-sei=進藤
kn-aut-mei=貞義
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=9-1
article-no=
start-page=5469
end-page=5476
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590830
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on Megakaryocytes by Means of Bone-Marrow Tissue Culture Part 2. On the Progress of the Culture and Platelet Separation of Megakaryocytes in Human and Guinea Pigs
kn-title=骨髄組織培養法による骨髄巨核球に関する研究 第2編 人並びに海溟骨髄巨核球の培養経過と栓球分離について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=By bone-marrow tissue culture of hnman and guinea pigs, the author observed under a phase-contrast microcscope the morphological changes in megakaryoytes in the course of the culture and the mechanism of the platelet separation; and obtained the following results: 1. The progress of the degenerative changes in each megakaryocyte is not necessarily uniform even in the same medium conditions, and these megakaryocytes present varied features. 2. The duration in which megakaryocytes can carry on their functions in a simple culture medium is 90 hours at most in the case of human and up to 48 hours in the case of guinea pigs; and the peak of their activities is reached 18 to 30 hours after the culture in the case of human, and 15 to 18 hours in the case of guinea pigs. 3. It has been confirmed that tentacle-like processes indicative of platelet formation can be observed only when megakaryocytes are most actively moving. 4. The mottled appearance due to multiple small areas or so-called platelet separation of megakaryocytes as observable in the bone-marrow smear is due to the degenerative changes or artificial products of megakaryocytes and it is in no way associated with the mechanism of the platelet separtion. 5. Small tongue-like processes what appear to be platelets erupting from the margin of the megakaryocyts body are nothing but one of degeneration features of the megakaryocyte, and they are different from platelets. 6. As for the possiblity of nuclear substance of megakaryocytes moving into platelets, it is believed that at least from the morphological viewpoint the nuclear substance does not move into the platelet.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OgawaraKenjiro
en-aut-sei=Ogawara
en-aut-mei=Kenjiro
kn-aut-name=大河原健次郎
kn-aut-sei=大河原
kn-aut-mei=健次郎
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=8-2
article-no=
start-page=5041
end-page=5053
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590815
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Clinical Studies on Leukemia Part 1. Clinical Statistics of Leukemia definitely Diagnosed and Classified by the Bone Marrow Tissue Culture
kn-title=白血病に関する臨床的研究 第2編 骨髄組織培養により確診された白血病67例の臨床統計
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The author analyzed clinically and statistically 67 cases definitely diagnosed as leukemia by bone-marrow tissue culture in our clinic during the period from January 1954 to October 1957. The results are described in the following. 1. These 67 cases can be divided into 16 cases of acute neutrophilocytic leukemia, 8 chronic neutrophilocytic leukemia, 2 acute basophilocytic leukemia, 12 acute lymphocytic leukemia, one chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 25 monocytic leukemia, and three others, showing an extremely large number of monocytic leukemia as compared with other Japanese statistics, occupying over one third of the whole. For this reason it seems that monocytic leukemia has previously been included in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Furthermore, it is indeed significant that the two cases of acute basophilocytic leukemia have been confirmed by bone-marrow tissue culture. 2. With the exception of the paucity in the number of infant cases, as our clinic is of internal medicine, there are no particular differences with respect to the sexual classification, age distribution and occupational classification. 3. One case (1.5%) having family history of leukemia, 15 cases (22.7%) having family history of cancer, and 2 cases (3.0%) of atomic bomb survivors have been encountered. 4. As for the characteristics of clinical symptoms all the symptoms of acute myelogenous leukemia proceed acutely, accompanied with marked fever and hemorrhagic tendency along with a high incidence of disorders of the digestive, respiratory and circulatory functions. This type also shows albuminuria in 43.8 per cent and glucosuria in 15.4 per cent in urine. On the other hand, the swelling of the spleen, generally accepted as the symptom specific to myelogenous leukemia, can be encountered only in 25 per cent. Acute lymphocytic leukemia on the whole proceeds more slowly than acute myelogenous leukemia. Speaking only of the symptoms at the onset of the disease, it lacks the hemorrhagic tendency, but its characteristic trait is the complaint of the enlarged lymph nodes. It may be natural to expect the enlargement of lymph nodes in practically all cases of this type, but the swelling of the spleen can also be encountered in the majority, showing the enlargement of lymph nodes accompanied with the swelling of the spleen and the liver in well over 60 per cent. The incidence of pain in the bones, though not so high, is more often observed than in other types, and the acceleration of the urobilinogen excretion in urine is also a characteristic symptom. There is no question of doubt that all symptoms of chronic myelogenous leukemia are milder than those of the acute type, nevertheless, anemia can be found in 90 per cent and fever in 60 per cent. From the standpoint of the symptom at the onset, subjective complaint and the symptom actually present, what can be considered the main characteristic of this type, is the swelling of the spleen, observable in nearly all cases and the giant spleen swollen well over 4 finger breadth below the left costal arch can be encountered in over 60 per cent. On the contrary, the cases with the enlargement of lymph nodes is not so abundant. Monocytic leukemia more often commences with hemorrhagic tendency than any other type, amounting to 40 per cent. Although the incidence of this trend decreases in later stage and becomes about the same as in other type of leukemia, it is worthy of note that the incidence of buccal hemorrhage reach as much as 40 per cent at the same stage. What might be considered as most characteristic of this type is that the severity of almost every symptom is intermediate between the acute type and chronic type. In this type the enlarge ment of the lymph nodes is quite frequent, amounting as much as three quarters of all, while the swelling of the spleen can be found only in less than 30 per cent.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NagamatsuHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Nagamatsu
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=永松洋
kn-aut-sei=永松
kn-aut-mei=洋
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=8-1
article-no=
start-page=4739
end-page=4747
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590810
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Sero-Immunological Studies of the Filtrable Agent Isolated from Choriocarcinoma
kn-title=海猽脳通過による悪性絨毛上皮腫濾過性病毒の分離実験
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We sterilely homogenized the tumorous tissue of 3 choriocarcinomas confirmed by histological examination and made them emulsion by adding five times volumes of normal saline. After then it was centrifuged 3.000 r. p. m. for 5 minutes and each of these supernate were inoculated to 2 healthy guinea pigs which then were killed 2 weeks later by blood-loss. We autopsized them to take out sterilely their brain which then were made into 10% emulsion by adding normal saline. 0.2cc of these emulsion was inoculated to healthy guinea pigs which we called 2 nd generation. We successively incculated with same procedure. And also these guinea pigs were microscopically examined by H-E staining on their brains, lungs, livers and spleens. Regarding 1st case and 3rd case on the time of inoculation from fourth to fifth generation, and 2nd case frcm 5th to 6th generation the passage through Seitz E. K. filter was performed. The inoculation was continuously performed up to 22nd for 3rd case. The histological changes in the organs of guinea pigs were mainely found as the hyperplasia of septal cells and hypertrophies of septum, resulting in frequent narrowing or disappearing of alveolar cavities. There were present the infiltrations of lymphocytes and monocytes in septum. Around the vessels and bronchioles the hyperplasia of mesenchymal cells was revealed. The pathological findings shown above were indentical with interstitial pneumonia what we call virus pneumonia. There were present the hyperplasia of spider cells and infiltrations of monocytes and lymphocytes around the bile duct as liver concerned. Spleen showed the hyperplasia of reticulocytes in red marrow. All three cases were revealed to have histological changes even after the passage through Seitz filter and mede it possible to continue the successive inoculation. There was, however, found in 1st and 3rd cases the tendency of gradual withdrawal of histological changes. 2nd case, contrary to this, kept the almost same pictures after having passed through the filter. Using the brains of guinea pig proper for isolation of tumor filtrable agents and avoiding the infection from experimental room, we successfully isolated the filtrable agent from choriocarcinoma, and believe that this agent is choriotropic.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KubouchiSadayuki
en-aut-sei=Kubouchi
en-aut-mei=Sadayuki
kn-aut-name=久保内貞行
kn-aut-sei=久保内
kn-aut-mei=貞行
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FukaiJunichi
en-aut-sei=Fukai
en-aut-mei=Junichi
kn-aut-name=深井潤一
kn-aut-sei=深井
kn-aut-mei=潤一
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakeiTeruo
en-aut-sei=Takei
en-aut-mei=Teruo
kn-aut-name=竹井輝雄
kn-aut-sei=竹井
kn-aut-mei=輝雄
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産科婦人科学教室

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産科婦人科学教室

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産科婦人科学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=8-1
article-no=
start-page=4657
end-page=4670
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590810
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=On the Mode of Action of Lymphagogues in the Cat Part 2. Actions of Some Autonomic Drugs
kn-title=猫の胸管リンパに対する催リンパ物質の作用態度 第2報 二，三自律神経毒の作用について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The injection of 0.05-0.2 mg/kg adrenaline hydrochloride into the systemic vein of the cat at first retards the lymph flow from the thoracic duct transiently and then accelerates it. The degree of this acceleration is definitely weaker than that in the dog but it is rather close to that in the rabbit. The protein content in lymph is increased when the acceleration of lymph flow is less but it is reduced when the acceleration is greater. Judging from changes in arterial and portal blood pressures, the initial decrease in the lymph flow seems to be correlated to the temporary anemia occurring in the splanchnic area at the ascending stage of arterial blood pressure and the subsequent increase of the flow seems to be correlated to the congestion in the same area at the descending stage of arterial pressure.
Since the increase of protein in lymph is preventable by the prior ligature of periportal lymphatics, the majority of protein rich lymph may originate from the liver. In the cat portal blood pressure is not decreased by adrenaline as in the rabbit but it is increased as in the dog. This seems in all probability to be due to the fact that the constrictor response of intrahepatic vessels to this drug is more like in the dog than in the rabbit. The acceleration in the rate of lymph flow coincides with the rise in portal pressure rather than with that in arterial pressure. The administration of 0.5-3 mg/kg nicotine tartrate likewise accelerates the thoracic lymph in the cat a little less than that in the dog but close to that in the rabbit. Following this acceleration, there has been observed some retardation. As for the changes in arterial pressure and portal and jugular venous pressures, with an exception of an initial temporary fall in the arterial pressure, in every respect all of them present the reactions similar to those observed in the case of adrenaline administration. The lymphagogic effect and rise in the portal pressure due to nicotine are reduced in the adrenalectomized cat. The administration of 0.5-2 mg/kg acetylcholine chloride on 0.1-2 mg/kg pilocarpine hydrochloride also accelerates the flow of highly proteinized thoracic lymph in the cat. This action is rather marked in the case of the latter drug Portal blood pressure has been elevated by either one of these drugs, but in the case of acetylcholine a rather marked fall can be observed preceding the elevation. It seems that the lymph rich in protein is mainly produced in the liver, and the other portion of the lymph is formed by the increased plasma filtration resulting from the temporary congestion occurring in other abdominal area including intestines. The administration of 4 mg/kg atropine sulfate inhibits the lymphagogic effect and cardiovascular effects of these two drugs to quite a marked extent; while adrenalectomy partially suppresses these effects.
Generally cardiovascular responses what are believed to be associated with the lymphagogic effect of the drugs mentioned above in the cat resemble more closely to those in the dog rather than in the rabbit. The reason why lymphagogic effect in the cat is less than in the dog in spite of this seems to be due to a small capacity of tissue spaces where produced lymph is stored up until it is taken into lymphatic vessels. This can be readily understood even from the previously reported observations that the duration of the acceleration in lymph flow due to the obstruction of short period in hepatic vein or in portal vein is shorter in the cat than in the dog (Mitsufuji, Okayama-Igakkai-Zasshi, 71, 7II, 4113, 1959). Atropine in the cat inhibits the thoracic lymph flow just as in the case of the dog and rabbit, and decreases the protein content in lymph. This may be caused by the decrease in circulating blood volume in the portal vascular area.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MitsufujiYasuteru
en-aut-sei=Mitsufuji
en-aut-mei=Yasuteru
kn-aut-name=光藤葆光
kn-aut-sei=光藤
kn-aut-mei=葆光
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部薬理学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=7-1
article-no=
start-page=4055
end-page=4067
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590630
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the Functions of the Reticuloendothelial System Part 3. A study on the RES functions and iron metabolism with the use of radioactive iron
kn-title=網内系機能に関する研究 第三編 放射性鉄による網内系機能と鉄代謝に関する研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Using radioactive iron (Fe(59)) the author studied the processes of the iron metabolism at the time when the RES functions are changed and obtained the following results. 1. With the intravenous injection of Fe(59) the author pursued the iron distribution in the viscera of the rabbits with hypoferremia induced by the administration of various adrenocortical hormones and autonomic nerve stimulants, and studied the destiny of disappearing serum iron and investigated what relation these results will have with the RES functions. As the results it has been found that ACTH, DOCA, and acetylcholine seem to act as to accelerate the functions of RES, especially the iron metabolism, and make RES take up the serum iron in the viscera, especially hemosiderin and ferritin fractions of non-hemin iron. In the case of cortisone and adrenalin about the same tendency can be observed but the results are not so distinct as in the former. 2. In the investigation of the iron distribution in the viscera by injecting Fe(59) intravenously to the rabbits whose RES is blocked by collargol, it has been found that on the whole the uptake of iron from serum by RES is decreased when the functions of RES are disturbed.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakayamaAkitoshi
en-aut-sei=Nakayama
en-aut-mei=Akitoshi
kn-aut-name=中山章壮
kn-aut-sei=中山
kn-aut-mei=章壮
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=6-2
article-no=
start-page=3193
end-page=3196
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590515
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental Studies on the Nature of Radiation Disturbances Part 2 A anemize substance which is produced in the peripheral blood with X-ray or Co(60)irradiation
kn-title=放射線障害の本態に関する実験的研究 第2編 催貧血に就いて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We attempted to reserch that a poison are produced in blood when the blood are irradiated, and whether such poison causes tissue injuries secondarily or not. Experimental Method: After the rabbits blood of removing serum in test tube are irradiated with great doses of X-rays or Co(60) at a time, such blood injected to other healthy rabbits, and then we research to what change are brought in such case, and we find out following matter. Experimental Results: The peripheral blood cell count reduced after transfusions, the function of the reticuloendotherial system falled and the apperance of Heinz's body erythrocytes were remarkable. In view of these facts, it seems to be produced a toxic substance in the peripheral blood of the rabbit irradiated with X-ray or Co(60), and the the toxic substance causes radiation injuries secondarily.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamamotoM.
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=M.
kn-aut-name=山本道夫
kn-aut-sei=山本
kn-aut-mei=道夫
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishishitaS.
en-aut-sei=Nishishita
en-aut-mei=S.
kn-aut-name=西下創一
kn-aut-sei=西下
kn-aut-mei=創一
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AndoR.
en-aut-sei=Ando
en-aut-mei=R.
kn-aut-name=安東龍
kn-aut-sei=安東
kn-aut-mei=龍
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NobukiS.
en-aut-sei=Nobuki
en-aut-mei=S.
kn-aut-name=信木茂生
kn-aut-sei=信木
kn-aut-mei=茂生
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KojimaS.
en-aut-sei=Kojima
en-aut-mei=S.
kn-aut-name=小島澄一
kn-aut-sei=小島
kn-aut-mei=澄一
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanimotoJ.
en-aut-sei=Tanimoto
en-aut-mei=J.
kn-aut-name=谷本潤一
kn-aut-sei=谷本
kn-aut-mei=潤一
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AkagiK.
en-aut-sei=Akagi
en-aut-mei=K.
kn-aut-name=赤木瑩子
kn-aut-sei=赤木
kn-aut-mei=瑩子
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShiakuT.
en-aut-sei=Shiaku
en-aut-mei=T.
kn-aut-name=塩飽健
kn-aut-sei=塩飽
kn-aut-mei=健
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線医学教室

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線医学教室

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線医学教室

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線医学教室

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線医学教室

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線医学教室

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部放射線医学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=6-1
article-no=
start-page=3067
end-page=3076
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590501
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the Mechanism of Opening and Closing Actions of the Tubal Muscles Part 1. A macroscopic and histological study on the relationship between the Eustachian tube and tubal muscles
kn-title=耳管開閉機序に関する考察 前篇 耳管と耳管筋の関係に関する肉眼的並びに組織学的研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=It is generally accepted that the air pressure in the middle ear cavity is regulated by the Fustachian tube. Moreover, it is well known that the opening of the Eustachian tube is brought about by the tensor palati muscle, the lebator palati muscle and the salpingopharyngeus muscle, but there is no complete agreement as yet on the question by what mechanism each of these msucles performs the opening action. With the purpose of elucidating this point, the author studied by the methods mentioned below the relationship between each of these msucles and the Eustachian tube, especially the relatiônship between the tensormuscle and the membranous portion, that between the levator palati muscle and the base of the Eustachian tnbe and alse the question as to whethet or not the salpingopharyngeus msucle can function independently. 1. Macroscopic observations; Using six autopsy specimens containing the tensor palatini muscle, the levator palatini muscle and the salpingpharyngeus muscle which were taken from the right side only and fixed in a 10% formalin solution, the author explored muscle fiber ends of each by magnifying them threefold with a loupe. 2. Histological oaservations; In six autopsy cases other than the above-mentioned, their tissues surrounding the Eustachian tube and tube and tubal muscles are removed and fixed in a 10% formalin solution and decalcified, embedded in paraffin, and than sliced at a right angle to the axis of the tube into serial sections 25U thick. After hematoxylin-eosin staining the author studied hsitologically the relationship between the tunal cartilage, membranous portion and tubal muscles. The following are the results. a. Tensor muscle. It is sometimes possible to divide the tensor msucle into the anterior, middle and posterior parts, ans the muscle fibers are abundant in the middle part. Commonly the source of this muscle is found in the skull base and in the lateral cartilaginous lamina, but in some instances this muscle originates in the middle portion of the muscle at the membranous portion near the lateral cartilginous lamina. The other portions of the tensor muscle appear to be connected with the membranous portion only by connective tissue. The density of the connection differs in individual cases, and moreover, in some cases they can be readily separrted while in others they are compactly connected with one anoeher. b. Levator muscle. This muscle generally runs parallel with the longitudinal acis of the tube under the base of the Eustachian tnbe, ane some send out several muscle fibers from the inferior part of the mucous membrane of the tube. In some instatces muecle fibers are observed originating from the inferior terminal of the medial carti agenous lamina and inferior exterior side of the tube.
Moreover, the relationship betwee tensor muscle and tubal base differs according to the construction of the tubal cartilage. Namely, in the shape generally know, the levator muscle adheres to the base of the tube for its whole length, and in the case where the inferior terminal of the tubal medial cartilagenous lamina is running around the exterior side like lateral lamina (the author designates this as type II distinguishing it from the cartilage of the generally-Know shape which is designated as type I) and in the case where by the presence of auxiliary cartilage the cartilage presents a shape similar to type II, it is obvious that cartilage exists between the levator muscle and the base of the tube. c. Salpingopharyngeus muscle. In some cases muscle fibers are lacking in the salpingopharyngeus muscle, and even in those having muscle fibers, the number of such fibers is small, occupying only a portion of the salpingopharyngeal fold.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MakiyamaHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Makiyama
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=牧山宏志
kn-aut-sei=牧山
kn-aut-mei=宏志
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=6-1
article-no=
start-page=3051
end-page=3058
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590501
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Statistical Observations on the Prolapse of the Umbilical Cord
kn-title=臍帯脱出の統計的観察
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Out of 10,000 cases delivered at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Medical School during the period from April 1934 to November 1957, the author conducted statistical observations on 29 cases of prolapse of the umbilical cord from various viewpoints; and obtained the following results. 1. The incidence of prolapse of the umbilical cord is 0.29 per cent being lower than that formerly encountered. The incidence of the prolapse in primpara and grand-multipara is significantly higher than that in multipara. In the age range below 29 years old and over 30 years there is no significant difference in the incidence. Looking at from year to year, the incidence of prolapse of the umbilical cord is on the increase, and from the duration of pregnancy the incidence in premature labor is low. 2. As for the causes the abnormal presentation, premature baby, the shift of the presenting part due to Metreulysis or Colpeurysis, abnormally long umbilical cord, early rupture of membrane, contracted pelvis, enlarged pelvis, placenta preavia and so forth can be pointed out. 3. Hardly any disturbances can be recognized in the mother. 4. The mortality rate of infants with prolapse of the umbilical cord. a. The prognosis of such infants is extremely poor, amounting to 44.44 per cent of the total mortality, while the mortality rate of the infants still living at the time of discovery of the prolapse amounts to 44.0%. This is somewhat lower than the formerly reported rate, still it is quite high. b. There seems to be no marked relationship between the mortality rate and the frequency of labors, but it tends to show a higher rate in older women. c. The mortality rate is highest in transverse presentation followed by cephalic presentation and breech presentation in the order mentioned. In breech presentations foot presentation can not be said to be always good in the prognosis. d. The mortality rate is generally high in abnormally long umbilical cord. e. It is higher in spontaneous rupture of membranes than in the artificial rupture. f. Speaking from the height and the movableness of the presenting part, the mortality rate is highest in those engaged in pelvic inlet or slightly engaged in pelvic inlet, but it becomes lower in the order of those with the mouable head above pelvic inlet, with the head in pelvic expantion, and in plane of pelvic contraction and plane of pelvic outlet. g. The mortality rate is higher in ones with poor dilatation of the uterine orifice than in those with the complete dilatation. h. As for the treatment of prolapse of the umbilical cord, since the mortality rate is higher in the case requiring a longer period of time for delivery and expectant treatment such as reposition of cord is unsatisfactory, it is desirable to give abdominal caesarian section as far as it can be indicatad. i. The longer the duration from the onset of labor to expulsion the poorer is the result. For this reason, it is necessary to discover prolapse of the umbilical cord earlier and what is more, the care must be excercised so as to prevent its occurrence.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OharaTsuguo
en-aut-sei=Ohara
en-aut-mei=Tsuguo
kn-aut-name=大原二男
kn-aut-sei=大原
kn-aut-mei=二男
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産科婦人科学教室
END