検索結果 24463 件
| 著者 | 岡山大学環境理工学部| |
|---|---|
| 発行日 | 2013-03 |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告 |
| 巻 | 18巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 資料タイプ | その他 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/49318 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | J.H.Clapham, An Economic History of Modern Britain, vol.1, Book 2, The Early Rainway Age, 1820-1850(1st ed.,1926,2nd ed.with corrections,1939),Outline,Chap.9 Chap10,Chap.11 |
| フルテキストURL | oer_044_4_041_046.pdf |
| 著者 | 一ノ瀬 篤| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-20 |
| 巻 | 44巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 41 |
| 終了ページ | 46 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 著作権者 | Copyright © 2013 岡山大学経済学会 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120005232371 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/49317 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Survey of Studies in Hindrance(Resistance) to Organizational Change: Focus on its Factor, Mechanism, Elimination. (the second half) |
| フルテキストURL | oer_044_4_021_040.pdf |
| 著者 | 松田 陽一| |
| 抄録 | Organizational change is important topics in organizational behavior. This paper aims to survey of studies in hindrance(resistance) to organizational change. Especially, we focus on its factor, mechanism, and elimination. And so, we suevey previous studies from viewpoint of ①macro organizational theory＇s arguments(Ma. O), ②micro organizational theory＇s arguments(Mi. O), ③social psychology theory＇s arguments(S. P), ④consultant's suggestion(C. S). This paper's important points are as follows: ①factor are various: organizational inertia, action, information＇ flow(Ma. O), loss, stress, trust, recognition, learning(Mi. O), resistance, worry, self-defense(S. P), failure and behavior(8 factors), restrictive functions in equilibrium(10 problems), barrier(C. S). ②Mechanism are various: organizational inertia, action(Ma. O), loss and compusion, recognition(schema, conflict), organizational culture change(Mi. O), driving force and resistance force, influence and balance(S. P). damage, crisis andadherence(C. S). ③Elimination: organizational inertia, adaptation and balance, restraint, adjustment(Ma. O), participation, reward system, vision(Mi. O), participation, job design, taking turns, persuasion(S. P), paticipation, commitment, many eliminated methods(C. S). Addtionaly, our problems are as follows; ①significance of discussion and ②promotion factor in organizational change. And ③rationality, ④measuring method, ⑤practicing to management in organizational change. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-20 |
| 巻 | 44巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 21 |
| 終了ページ | 40 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 著作権者 | Copyright © 2013 岡山大学経済学会 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120005232370 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/49316 |
|---|---|
| タイトル（別表記） | Canadian Manufacturers and Their Protectionist Movement in the Late Nineteenth Century |
| フルテキストURL | oer_044_4_001_020.pdf |
| 著者 | 福士 純| |
| 抄録 | This paper considers the development of Canadian manufacturing interests and manufacturers＇ protectionist movement in the late nineteenth century. As a case, it analyses manufacturers＇ views and activities in connection with the implementations of the Cayley Tariff of 1858, the Galt Tariff of 1859, and the National Policy tariff of 1879. Not until the late 1850s did the protectionist movement start in Canada. This movement was led by Isaac Buchanan, who maintained that Canada should avoid importing industrial goods and instead develop its own manufacturing industry through protective tariffs. In advancing this argument, he proposed that Canada strive to become a ＇manufacturing colony＇ within the British Empire; he also established the Association for the Promotion of Canadian Industry (APCI). In April 1858, APCI held a meeting and submitted a petition for its protective tariff plan to William Cayley, Inspector General of the United Provinces of Canada. The proposed Cayley Tariff and Galt Tariff had two-tier structures, comprising lower tariffs for raw materials and higher tariffs for finished products. These proposed tariffs included protectionist factors that were also supported by APCI. It was after the Great Depression of 1873 that protectionism was raised again. Under the Depression, manufacturers＇ opinions became clearly divided between protectionism and reciprocity with the United States. In order to overcome the disagreement, members of the Executive Committee of the Manufacturers＇ Association of Ontario (MAO), the successor organisation to APCI, linked protectionism with nationalism and regarded the reciprocity as unpatriotic. This contributed to the unification of Canadian producers against the United States. MAO started to support the Conservative party after it added the implementation of protective tariffs to its platform in the late 1870s. W. H. Frazer, the secretary of MAO, established the Dominion National League (DNL), a support organisation for the Conservative that was funded by MAO. The Conservative won in the 1878 general election through the supports of MAO and DNL, and implemented protective tariffs that were known as the ＇National Policy＇. In conclusion, Canadian manufacturers emphasised protecting the national economy against the United States through higher tariffs in the late nineteenth century. On the other hand, they did not intend to separate from the British Empire but rather fortify its economic development within it. |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-20 |
| 巻 | 44巻 |
| 号 | 4号 |
| 開始ページ | 1 |
| 終了ページ | 20 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 著作権者 | Copyright © 2013 岡山大学経済学会 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120005232369 |
| フルテキストURL | olj_062_3_621.pdf |
|---|---|
| 著者 | 岡山大学法学会| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大學法學會雜誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-28 |
| 巻 | 62巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 621 |
| 終了ページ | 621 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| フルテキストURL | olj_062_3_contents_eng.pdf |
|---|---|
| 著者 | 岡山大学法学会| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大學法學會雜誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-28 |
| 巻 | 62巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| フルテキストURL | olj_062_3_colophon.pdf |
|---|---|
| 著者 | 岡山大学法学会| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大學法學會雜誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-28 |
| 巻 | 62巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| タイトル（別表記） | Santi Romano, L'ordinamento giuridico (3) |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | olj_062_3_532_501.pdf |
| 著者 | 井口 文男| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大學法學會雜誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-28 |
| 巻 | 62巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 532 |
| 終了ページ | 501 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120005232343 |
| タイトル（別表記） | A Study on Law-Related Education (4) |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | olj_062_3_485_499.pdf |
| 著者 | 辻 博明| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大學法學會雜誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-28 |
| 巻 | 62巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 485 |
| 終了ページ | 499 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120005232342 |
| タイトル（別表記） | The Evolution of Higher Education Policies in Japan: From the Era of the GHQ through the 1970s (2) |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | olj_062_3_592_533.pdf |
| 著者 | 谷 聖美| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大學法學會雜誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-28 |
| 巻 | 62巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 592 |
| 終了ページ | 533 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120005232341 |
| フルテキストURL | olj_062_3_620_593.pdf |
|---|---|
| 著者 | 大森 秀臣| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大學法學會雜誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-28 |
| 巻 | 62巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| 開始ページ | 620 |
| 終了ページ | 593 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| NAID | 120005232340 |
| フルテキストURL | olj_062_3_contents.pdf |
|---|---|
| 著者 | 岡山大学法学会| |
| 出版物タイトル | 岡山大學法學會雜誌 |
| 発行日 | 2013-02-28 |
| 巻 | 62巻 |
| 号 | 3号 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| 言語 | 日本語 |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/49259 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 67_1_65.pdf |
| 著者 | Sakata, Kenichiro| Furumatsu, Takayuki| Abe, Nobuhiro| Miyazawa, Shinichi| Sakoma, Yoshimasa| Ozaki, Toshifumi| |
| 抄録 | Bone marrow-stimulating techniques such as microfracture and subchondral drilling are valuable treatments for full-thickness cartilage defects. However, marrow stimulation-derived reparative tissues are not histologically well-documented in human osteoarthritis. We retrospectively investigated cartilage repairs after marrow stimulation for the treatment of large cartilage defects in osteoarthritic knees. Tissues were obtained from patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after arthroscopic marrow stimulation in medial compartmental osteoarthritis. Clinical findings and cartilage repair were assessed. Sections of medial femoral condyles were histologically investigated by safranin O staining and anti-type II collagen antibody. Marrow stimulation decreased the knee pain in the short term. However, varus leg alignment gradually progressed, and TKA conversions were required. The grade of cartilage repair was not improved. Marrow stimulations resulted in insufficient cartilage regeneration on medial femoral condyles. Safranin O-stained proteoglycans and type II collagen were observed in the deep zone of marrow-stimulated holes. This study demonstrated that marrow stimulation resulted in failed cartilage repair for the treatment of large cartilage defects in osteoarthritic knees. Our results suggest that arthroscopic marrow stimulation might not improve clinical symptoms for the long term in patients suffering large osteoarthritic cartilage defects. |
| キーワード | bone marrow stimulation microfracture subchondral drilling osteoarthritis of the knee cartilage repair |
| Amo Type | Case Report |
| 出版物タイトル | Acta Medica Okayama |
| 発行日 | 2013-02 |
| 巻 | 67巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 出版者 | Okayama University Medical School |
| 開始ページ | 65 |
| 終了ページ | 74 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 著作権者 | CopyrightⒸ 2013 by Okayama University Medical School |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| 査読 | 有り |
| PubMed ID | 23439511 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000316829900009 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/49258 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 67_1_61.pdf |
| 著者 | Tachibana, Tomoyasu| Orita, Yorihisa| Fujisawa, Masayoshi| Ogawara, Yuya| |
| 抄録 | Thyroid carcinomas arising from ectopic thyroid tissue are uncommon;most of them arise from thyroid tissue in thyroglossal cysts. A rare case of a 66-year-old woman with papillary thyroid carcinoma arising from median ectopic thyroid tissue lacking a thyroglossal duct remnant is reported. The tumor was resected by Sistrunk's procedure, and the patient's postoperative course was good. |
| キーワード | ectopic thyroid papillary thyroid carcinoma thyroglossal duct remnant |
| Amo Type | Case Report |
| 出版物タイトル | Acta Medica Okayama |
| 発行日 | 2013-02 |
| 巻 | 67巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 出版者 | Okayama University Medical School |
| 開始ページ | 61 |
| 終了ページ | 64 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 著作権者 | CopyrightⒸ 2013 by Okayama University Medical School |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| 査読 | 有り |
| PubMed ID | 23439510 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000316829900008 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/49257 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 67_1_55.pdf |
| 著者 | Shimo, Tsuyoshi| Nishiyama, Akiyoshi| Jinno, Tokiari| Sasaki, Akira| |
| 抄録 | In this article, we report the successful surgical treatment of a patient, 34 years of age, who had a severe gummy smile and a class II malocclusion. The patient had an 11-mm gingival exposure during full smile and a convex profile. A LeFort I osteotomy combined with a horseshoe osteotomy was used for the superior repositioning of the maxilla;then, an intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) and genioplasty were performed for mandibular advancement. The maxilla was acceptably impacted 8mm at the first incisor and 5mm at the first molar. Both the occlusion and facial appearance were significantly improved by this surgical-orthodontic treatment. Our results suggest that the combination of a horseshoe osteotomy with a LeFort I osteotomy is a useful technique for reliable superior repositioning of the maxilla. |
| キーワード | LeFort I osteotomy horseshoe osteotomy gummy smile |
| Amo Type | Case Report |
| 出版物タイトル | Acta Medica Okayama |
| 発行日 | 2013-02 |
| 巻 | 67巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 出版者 | Okayama University Medical School |
| 開始ページ | 55 |
| 終了ページ | 60 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 著作権者 | CopyrightⒸ 2013 by Okayama University Medical School |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| 査読 | 有り |
| PubMed ID | 23439509 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000316829900007 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/49256 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 67_1_45.pdf |
| 著者 | Hashizume, Hiroaki| Sato, Ken| Yamazaki, Yuichi| Horiguchi, Norio| Kakizaki, Satoru| Mori, Masatomo| |
| 抄録 | In patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the prevalence of cirrhosis is higher among women than men, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops mainly in the cirrhotic stage among women. However, the long-term outcomes in female patients with NASH have not been fully elucidated, and age, gender and BMI were not simultaneously adjusted in previous studies on the prognosis of NASH. To elucidate the outcomes in female patients with NASH, we prospectively compared NASH patients with advanced fibrosis (advanced NASH) with hepatitis C virus-related advanced fibrosis (advanced CHC) patients and NASH patients with mild fibrosis (mild NASH) using study cohorts that were adjusted for body mass index (BMI) in addition to age. The median follow-up period was 92.5 months. Liver-related complication-free survival was significantly reduced in the advanced NASH group compared to the mild NASH group. No liver-related complications developed in the mild NASH group. The overall survival, liver-related complication- and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease-free survival were not significantly different between the advanced NASH and CHC groups. Female patients with NASH and advanced fibrosis may have a less favorable prognosis for liver-related complications than the matched cohorts with NASH and mild fibrosis, but may have a similar prognosis to the matched cohorts with CHC. |
| キーワード | nonalcoholic steatohepatitis chronic hepatitis C prognosis female |
| Amo Type | Original Article |
| 出版物タイトル | Acta Medica Okayama |
| 発行日 | 2013-02 |
| 巻 | 67巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 出版者 | Okayama University Medical School |
| 開始ページ | 45 |
| 終了ページ | 53 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 著作権者 | CopyrightⒸ 2013 by Okayama University Medical School |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| 査読 | 有り |
| PubMed ID | 23439508 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000316829900006 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/49255 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 67_1_35.pdf |
| 著者 | Watanabe, Masutaka| Arita, Seizaburo| Hashizume, Hiroyuki| Honda, Mitsugi| Nishida, Keiichiro| Ozaki, Toshifumi| |
| 抄録 | The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate Akahori's preoperative classification of cubital tunnel syndrome. We analyzed the results for 57 elbows that were treated by a simple decompression procedure from 1997 to 2004. The relationship between each item of Akahori's preoperative classification and clinical stage was investigated based on the parameter distribution. We evaluated Akahori's classification system using multiple regression analysis, and investigated the association between the stage and treatment results. The usefulness of the regression equation was evaluated by analysis of variance of the expected and observed scores. In the parameter distribution, each item of Akahori's classification was mostly associated with the stage, but it was difficult to judge the severity of palsy. In the mathematical evaluation, the most effective item in determining the stage was sensory conduction velocity. It was demonstrated that the established regression equation was highly reliable (R＝0.922). Akahori's preoperative classification can also be used in postoperative classification, and this classification was correlated with postoperative prognosis. Our results indicate that Akahori's preoperative classification is a suitable system. It is reliable, reproducible and well-correlated with the postoperative prognosis. In addition, the established prediction formula is useful to reduce the diagnostic complexity of Akahori's classification. |
| キーワード | cubital tunnel syndrome ulnar nerve Akahoriʼs classification multiple regression analysis |
| Amo Type | Original Article |
| 出版物タイトル | Acta Medica Okayama |
| 発行日 | 2013-02 |
| 巻 | 67巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 出版者 | Okayama University Medical School |
| 開始ページ | 35 |
| 終了ページ | 44 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 著作権者 | CopyrightⒸ 2013 by Okayama University Medical School |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| 査読 | 有り |
| PubMed ID | 23439507 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000316829900005 |
| 関連URL | http://ousar.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/metadata/50647 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/49254 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 67_1_25.pdf |
| 著者 | Ika, Katsuhiko| Suzuki, Etsuji| Mitsuhashi, Toshiharu| Takao, Soshi| Doi, Hiroyuki| |
| 抄録 | The purpose of this study was to examine the association between shift work and diabetes mellitus by separating shift workers according to the intensity of their shift work (seasonal shift work and continuous shift work). Between May and October 2009, we collected data from annual health checkups and questionnaires at a manufacturing company in Shizuoka, Japan. Questionnaires were returned by 1,601 workers (response rate:96.2%, men/women＝1,314/287). Diabetes mellitus was defined as hemoglobin A1c≥6.5% and fasting blood sugar≥126mg/dl. After exclusions, which included all the women and clerical workers because they did not work in shifts, we analyzed 475 skilled male workers. After adjusting for age, smoking status, frequency of alcohol consumption, and cohabitation status, odds ratios for diabetes mellitus were 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI]:0.28-4.81) and 2.10 (95% CI:0.77-5.71) among seasonal shift workers and continuous shift workers, respectively, compared with non-shift workers. In an age-stratified analysis (＜45 years vs.≥45 years), the association between continuous shift work and diabetes mellitus was more pronounced among older participants. Compared with non-shift workers, the risk of diabetes mellitus was increased among continuous shift workers, whereas its effect is limited among seasonal shift workers. |
| キーワード | cross-sectional study diabetes mellitus intensity Japan shift work |
| Amo Type | Original Article |
| 出版物タイトル | Acta Medica Okayama |
| 発行日 | 2013-02 |
| 巻 | 67巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 出版者 | Okayama University Medical School |
| 開始ページ | 25 |
| 終了ページ | 33 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 著作権者 | CopyrightⒸ 2013 by Okayama University Medical School |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| 査読 | 有り |
| PubMed ID | 23439506 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000316829900004 |
| 関連URL | http://ousar.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/metadata/50693 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/49253 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 67_1_19.pdf |
| 著者 | Furukawa, Masashi| Soh, Junichi| Yamamoto, Hiromasa| Ichimura, Kouichi| Shien, Kazuhiko| Maki, Yuho| Muraoka, Takayuki| Tanaka, Norimitsu| Ueno, Tsuyoshi| Asano, Hiroaki| Tsukuda, Kazunori| Toyooka, Shinichi| Miyoshi, Shinichiro| |
| 抄録 | Nuclear factor of κ-light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor α (NFKBIA), which is a tumor suppressor gene, was found to be silenced in lung adenocarcinomas. We examined NFKBIA expression, mutations in the EGFR and K-ras genes, and EML4-ALK fusion in 101 resected lung adenocarcinoma samples from never-smokers. NFKBIA expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. NFKBIA expression was negative in 16 of the 101 samples (15.8%). EGFR and K-ras mutations and EML4-ALK fusion were detected in 61 (60.5%), 1 (1.0%), and 2 (2.0%) of the 101 samples, respectively, in a completely mutually exclusive manner. Negative NFKBIA expression was observed significantly more frequently among the tumors with none of the three genetic alterations compared to those with such alterations (p＝0.009). In addition, negative NFKBIA expression was significantly more frequent among the EGFR-wild type samples compared to the EGFR-mutant samples (p＝0.013). In conclusion, NFKBIA expression was silenced in adenocarcinomas without EGFR/K-ras mutations or EML4-ALK fusion, suggesting that the silencing of NFKBIA may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of adenocarcinomas independent of EGFR/K-ras mutations or EML4-ALK fusion. |
| キーワード | never-smoker lung cancer adenocarcinoma nuclear factor of κ-light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor α epidermal growth factor receptor |
| Amo Type | Original Article |
| 出版物タイトル | Acta Medica Okayama |
| 発行日 | 2013-02 |
| 巻 | 67巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 出版者 | Okayama University Medical School |
| 開始ページ | 19 |
| 終了ページ | 24 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 著作権者 | CopyrightⒸ 2013 by Okayama University Medical School |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| 査読 | 有り |
| PubMed ID | 23439505 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000316829900003 |
| 関連URL | http://ousar.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/metadata/52534 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/49252 |
|---|---|
| フルテキストURL | 67_1_9.pdf |
| 著者 | Fatmawati, Ni Nengah Dwi| Sakaguchi, Yoshihiko| Suzuki, Tomonori| Oda, Masataka| Shimizu, Kenta| Yamamoto, Yumiko| Sakurai, Jun| Matsushita, Osamu| Oguma, Keiji| |
| 抄録 | Clostridium botulinum type C and D strains recently have been found to produce PLC on egg yolk agar plates. To characterize the gene, enzymatic and biological activities of C. botulinum PLCs (Cb-PLCs), the cb-plc genes from 8 strains were sequenced, and 1 representative gene was cloned and expressed as a recombinant protein. The enzymatic and hemolytic activities of the recombinant Cb-PLC were measured and compared with those of the Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin. Each of the eight cb-plc genes encoded a 399 amino acid residue protein preceded by a 27 residue signal peptide. The protein consists of 2 domains, the N- and C-domains, and the overall amino acid sequence identity between Cb-PLC and alpha-toxin was greater than 50%, suggesting that Cb-PLC is homologous to the alpha-toxin. The key residues in the N-domain were conserved, whereas those in the C-domain which are important in membrane interaction were different than in the alpha-toxin. As expected, Cb-PLC could hydrolyze egg yolk phospholipid, p-nitrophenylphosphorylcholine, and sphingomyelin, and also exhibited hemolytic activity;however, its activities were about 4- to over 200-fold lower than those of alpha-toxin. Although Cb-PLC showed weak enzymatic and biological activities, it is speculated that Cb-PLC might play a role in the pathogenicity of botulism or for bacterial survival. |
| キーワード | botulinum phospholipase C botulinum toxin phospholipase C activity sphingomyelinase activity hemolytic activity |
| Amo Type | Original Article |
| 出版物タイトル | Acta Medica Okayama |
| 発行日 | 2013-02 |
| 巻 | 67巻 |
| 号 | 1号 |
| 出版者 | Okayama University Medical School |
| 開始ページ | 9 |
| 終了ページ | 18 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| 資料タイプ | 学術雑誌論文 |
| 言語 | 英語 |
| 著作権者 | CopyrightⒸ 2013 by Okayama University Medical School |
| 論文のバージョン | publisher |
| 査読 | 有り |
| PubMed ID | 23439504 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000316829900002 |
| 関連URL | http://ousar.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/metadata/49731 |