給液濃度がかん水同時施肥法で栽培したスプレーカーネーションの切り花収量と品質および時期別養分吸収特性に及ぼす影響

Effects of nutrient solution concentration on cut flower yield, quality and characteristics of seasonal nutrient absorption of spray carnation ‘Barbara’ grown by cultivation in drip fertigation were investigated. 'Barbara' was grown with a nutrient solution (N:15%, P:6.5%, K:12.5%, Ca:3.6%, Mg:0.9%), at three concentration levels which were high concentration (1,000 times), middle concentration (1,500 times) and low concentration (3,000 times). The daily amount of nutrient solution was ranged from 0.0mm to 13.9mm. The total cut flower yield of middle concentration and high concentration were bigger than that of low concentration. The weight of the second cut flower of low concentration was decreased as compared to that of middle concentration and high concentration. Nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) in the plant nutrient ratio were decreased as the increase of dry matter and phosphorus (P) was increased at autumn and spring. With a reduction in the soil nutrient contents, Nitrogen and potassium in the plant nutrient ratio of low concentration were decreased. Nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil nutrient contents of high concentration were increased at the end of cultivation. In the total nutrient absorbed amount of middle concentration, 2,807.9 mg nitrogen, 493.5 mg phosphorus, 3,667.4 mg potassium, 1,615.8 mg calcium (Ca) and 320.9 mg magnesium (Mg) were absorbed per plant. In spring, the ratio of nitrogen absorbed amount to nutrients absorbed amount was increased 1.3 times. Phosphorus ratio and phosphorus absorbed amount in spray carnation were fewer than that of standard carnation. There were no differences in total nitrogen, potassium, calcium and magnesium absorption between spray carnation and standard carnation.

スプレーカーネーションのかん水同時施肥法における養分吸収特性を‘バーバラ’で調査した．窒素：リン（P）：カリウム（K）：カルシウム（Ca）：マグネシウム（Mg）の含有率（%）が15：6.5：12.5：3.6：0.9の液肥を，低濃度（3,000倍），中濃度（1,500倍），高濃度（1,000倍）の3水準で，毎日0.0～13.9㎜ずつ点滴給液した．切り花収量は中濃度区と高濃度区が多く，切り花品質は2番花において低濃度区の切り花重が減少した．植物体の窒素およびカリウム含有率は乾物増加量が増大するにつれて低下し，リンは秋期と春期に減少した．低濃度区の窒素，カリウムの含有率は土壌養分含有量の減少にともない，低下した．高濃度区では土壌の窒素およびリン含有量が栽培終了時に大幅に増大した．中濃度での給液における１株当たりの総養分吸収量は窒素が2,807.0㎎，リンが493.5㎎，カリウムが3,667.4㎎，カルシウムが1,615.8㎎，マグネシウムが320.9㎎であった．リン，カリウム，カルシウム，マグネシウムの窒素に対する吸収割合はいずれも春期に約1.3倍に上昇した．スタンダードカーネーションとの比較では，スプレーカーネーションでは，ややリンの植物体含有率と吸収量が少ないが，窒素，カリウム，カルシウム，マグネシウムの植物体含有率および吸収量には，ほとんど差がなかった．