start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=67 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=538 end-page=549 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Enhancement of antioxidant function in various organs in mice using combined thermal and radon inhalation treatment en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Enhancing antioxidant function is a key strategy for preventing and treating oxidative stress-related diseases. Radon inhalation and thermal treatment (TT) increase the levels of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD). The positive effects of this combination on pain-related diseases have been reported; however, few studies have elucidated the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we examined the enhancement of antioxidant function in various organs of mice subjected to combined TT and radon inhalation. The mice were placed in an incubator once daily for 40 min at 38.5 ± 0.5°C and treated for 1, 3 and 7 days. The mice then inhaled radon at a concentration of 2000 Bq/m3 for 24 h. The characteristic changes in antioxidant function following combined TT and radon inhalation could be categorized into four groups: (i) increased antioxidant function in the brain and colon; (ii) increased or decreased antioxidant function, as observed in the kidney; (iii) decreased antioxidant function, such as in the lungs and (iv) no changes, such as in the small intestine, spleen, pancreas, heart, liver and stomach. Additionally, SOD may be the antioxidant enzyme most sensitive to combined TT and radon treatment. Collectively, the combined treatment may be the most effective in activating antioxidative functions in the brain and colon. This study provides new insights into the effects of combined TT and radon inhalation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyanagaShogo en-aut-sei=Miyanaga en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaAyumi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakenakaReiju en-aut-sei=Takenaka en-aut-mei=Reiju kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaoeShota en-aut-sei=Naoe en-aut-mei=Shota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoShuna en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Shuna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoMitsuki en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Mitsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanoKotaro en-aut-sei=Tano en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanzakiNorie en-aut-sei=Kanzaki en-aut-mei=Norie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakodaAkihiro en-aut-sei=Sakoda en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaokaKiyonori en-aut-sei=Yamaoka en-aut-mei=Kiyonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=radon kn-keyword=radon en-keyword=thermal treatment kn-keyword=thermal treatment en-keyword=antioxidant function kn-keyword=antioxidant function en-keyword=oxidative stress kn-keyword=oxidative stress END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=122 end-page=129 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=RHOA G17V mutation analysis redirecting diagnosis: nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphoma with classic Hodgkin lymphoma feature en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphoma (nTFHL) may present with Hodgkin/Reed–Sternberg (HRS)-like cells and can morphologically mimic classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL), although these entities are usually distinguishable. We report an unusual case showing marked morphologic and molecular overlap with CHL, creating a diagnostic challenge but ultimately considered biologically consistent with nTFHL.
An 81-year-old woman presented with stage IV disease involving the bone marrow and markedly elevated serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels. Excisional lymph node biopsy revealed scattered HRS cells in a T-cell–rich background, with strong CD30 and PD-L1 expression and weak PAX5 positivity, findings consistent with CHL. Fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated copy-number alterations at the 9p24.1 locus in HRS cells, further supporting molecular features characteristic of CHL.
However, the presence of two T-follicular helper markers, detection of the RHOA p.Gly17Val (G17V) mutation, and oligoclonal T-cell receptor rearrangements with shared peaks in lymph node and bone marrow indicated an underlying nTFHL. The differential therapeutic response also supported a diagnosis of nTFHL, which could not have been established on morphology alone.
In this case, although the HRS cells displayed morphological, immunophenotypic, and molecular features highly suggestive of CHL, the biological nature of the lesion was consistent with nTFHL. Compared with previously reported cases of nTFHL with HRS-like cells, this case more closely resembled CHL and may represent a distinct subset best described as “nTFHL with CHL features,” a concept warranting greater recognition among pathologists and clinicians. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadaRio en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Rio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraMidori Filiz en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Midori Filiz kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishikoriAsami en-aut-sei=Nishikori en-aut-mei=Asami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukumiTakuya en-aut-sei=Fukumi en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhsawaKumiko en-aut-sei=Ohsawa en-aut-mei=Kumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MomoseShuji en-aut-sei=Momose en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYasuharu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=classic Hodgkin lymphoma kn-keyword=classic Hodgkin lymphoma en-keyword=nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphoma kn-keyword=nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphoma en-keyword=RHOA mutation kn-keyword=RHOA mutation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=e77709 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250120 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association Between Dinner-to-Bed Time and Gastroesophageal Reflux-Related Diseases in Children en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is characterized by esophageal mucosal injury due to the reflux of gastroduodenal contents. Typical symptoms include heartburn and acid regurgitation. In addition, gastroesophageal reflux (GER) can influence conditions such as otitis media, rhinitis, and asthma. This study aimed to examine the association between dinner-to-bed time and GER-related diseases, such as otitis media, allergic rhinitis, and asthma.
Methods: This was a longitudinal cohort study using secondary data. Data were collected from a large-scale birth cohort study conducted in Japan including babies born in 2001 and 2010. Dinner-to-bed time was categorized as “longer dinner-to-bed time" (>120 minutes), “shorter dinner-to-bed time" (≤120 minutes or less), and “irregular dinner-to-bed time.” Modified Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate risk ratios (RRs).
Results: A total of 60,392 children were included in this study. Children with shorter dinner-to-bed time had a higher risk of asthma (adjusted RR (aRR) = 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-1.18) than those with longer dinner-to-bed time. However, no significant association was observed between shorter dinner-to-bed time and otitis media or allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, supplementary analyses revealed that the risk of asthma was significantly higher in children born in 2001 (aRR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.04-1.22).
Conclusion: This study showed that dinner-to-bed time within 120 minutes after dinner increases the risk of developing asthma. This underscores the importance of considering lifestyle modifications, as certain pediatric asthma cases may be influenced by behaviors that promote GER. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UraguchiKensuke en-aut-sei=Uraguchi en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaoSoshi en-aut-sei=Takao en-aut-mei=Soshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakiharaSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Makihara en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMizuo en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Mizuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=acute otitis media kn-keyword=acute otitis media en-keyword=allergic rhinitis (ar) kn-keyword=allergic rhinitis (ar) en-keyword=gastroesophageal reflux symptoms kn-keyword=gastroesophageal reflux symptoms en-keyword=pediatric asthma kn-keyword=pediatric asthma en-keyword=public health kn-keyword=public health END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e80184 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cholecystectomy Is Linked to Worse Clinical Outcomes in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recent findings have suggested that gallbladder-derived retinoic acid signaling plays a crucial role in the regeneration of damaged intrahepatic biliary ducts. This retrospective cohort study analyzed the clinical records of 20 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) treated at our hospital between 2013 and 2024. We investigated the clinical implications of gallbladder removal in patients with PSC, a progressive cholangiopathy with limited therapeutic options. We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with PSC and compared patients with and without prior cholecystectomy to assess the impact on disease progression using the Mayo risk score, Fibrosis-4 (FIB4) index, and other clinical parameters. Our findings indicated that cholecystectomy was associated with worse Mayo risk scores (p = 0.0004) and an elevated FIB4 index (p = 0.021), suggesting a potential link between gallbladder removal and accelerated disease progression. Furthermore, mortality and transplant-free survival analysis revealed significantly worse outcomes in the cholecystectomy group (odds ratio = 21.0, p = 0.032). However, given the retrospective nature and small sample size of this study, selection bias cannot be excluded, and further research is needed to confirm these findings. These findings support the hypothesis that gallbladder-derived factors, such as retinoic acid, may influence PSC progression and highlight the need for further research into therapeutic interventions targeting this pathway. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyakeNozomi en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Nozomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasugiKengo en-aut-sei=Yasugi en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakakiAkinobu en-aut-sei=Takaki en-aut-mei=Akinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=biliary diseases kn-keyword=biliary diseases en-keyword=cholecystectomy kn-keyword=cholecystectomy en-keyword=gall bladder kn-keyword=gall bladder en-keyword=liver function kn-keyword=liver function en-keyword=post cholecystectomy kn-keyword=post cholecystectomy en-keyword=primary sclerosing cholangitis (psc) kn-keyword=primary sclerosing cholangitis (psc) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cathodic AziridinationUsing Dichloramine-Tas a Nitrogen Source en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aziridines are valuable motifs in organic synthesis due to their biological activities and their utility as synthetic intermediates. Although electrochemical methods have been developed for aziridine synthesis, these approaches rely on anodic oxidation. This study reports the first cathodic reduction-promoted aziridine formation using dichloramine-T as a nitrogen source. The reaction conditions were optimized via Gaussian process regression. Overall, this strategy enables aziridine formation with broad substrate scope, providing a practical platform that expands the electrochemical synthesis toolbox. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoEisuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Eisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagamineKanon en-aut-sei=Nagamine en-aut-mei=Kanon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsudoKoichi en-aut-sei=Mitsudo en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaSeiji en-aut-sei=Suga en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e81104 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250324 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Pemafibrate and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Ethyl Ester on Endothelial Function in Patients With Hypertriglyceridemia and Coronary Artery Disease: A Study Protocol for a Multicenter, Open-Label Randomised Controlled Trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Despite intensive low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-lowering therapies effectively reducing cardiovascular events, residual cardiovascular risks remain significant, with hypertriglyceridemia being an important contributing factor. Pemafibrate, a novel selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha modulator, has shown strong triglyceride-lowering effects and potential vascular benefits. Similarly, eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (EPA) has demonstrated cardiovascular protective effects, particularly in patients with hypertriglyceridemia. However, the comparative impact of these agents on endothelial function, a key marker of atherosclerotic progression, has not been thoroughly evaluated in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The PRIME (PRospective comparIson of peMafibrate and Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on vascular functions for hypertriglyceridemia) trial is a multi-center, open-label, randomised trial designed to compare the effects of pemafibrate and EPA on endothelial function in patients with CAD and hypertriglyceridemia. Patients receiving statin therapy with fasting triglyceride levels ≥150 mg/dL will be randomised into two groups: pemafibrate (0.2 mg/day, with possible dose escalation to 0.4 mg/day) or EPA (1800 mg/day, with possible dose escalation to 2700 mg/day). Endothelial function will be assessed with reactive hyperemia index (RHI). The primary endpoint is the change in RHI at 12 weeks. The secondary endpoints include the changes in RHI at 24 weeks, correlations between changes in RHI and changes in lipid biomarkers, and changes in biochemical parameters at 12 and 24 weeks. This study investigates the comparative effects of pemafibrate and EPA on endothelial function, addressing an unmet need in managing residual cardiovascular risk in patients with CAD. The findings will contribute to the optimisation of treatment strategies in patients with CAD and hypertriglyceridemia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyoshiTrou en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Trou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuzawaYasushi en-aut-sei=Matsuzawa en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiMasayuki en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiyamaSeigo en-aut-sei=Sugiyama en-aut-mei=Seigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Cardiology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Cardiovascular Medicine, Jinnouchi Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=cardiovascular risk kn-keyword=cardiovascular risk en-keyword=eicosapentaenoic acid kn-keyword=eicosapentaenoic acid en-keyword=endothelial function kn-keyword=endothelial function en-keyword=pemafibrate kn-keyword=pemafibrate en-keyword=triglyceride kn-keyword=triglyceride END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=e74176 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241121 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Accuracy of Cup Alignment in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Comparison Between Portable Navigation and Goniometer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Navigation systems, including portable navigation systems, used for total hip arthroplasty (THA) are useful for achieving higher cup alignment accuracy. NAVBIT, a newly available portable navigation system, uses a unique registration method, the table tilt registration. However, its accuracy is unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate whether THA with a portable navigation system in the lateral position with the flip technique is more accurate than THA with a cup goniometer in the supine or lateral positions.
Methodology This study included 96 consecutive patients (77 women, 19 men) who underwent primary cementless THA using either a portable navigation system in the lateral position with the flip technique or a cup goniometer in the supine or lateral positions. The average age of the patients was 66.8 years (range = 29-91) and the average body mass index was 24.6 kg/m2 (range = 17.5-39.9). The accuracy of cup orientation was compared among the three groups.
Results The absolute values of the difference in cup inclination and anteversion with the NAVBIT (2.1 ± 1.7°, 2.0 ± 1.4°) were smaller than that with the cup goniometer in the supine (3.4 ± 2.4°, 3.4 ± 2.2°) and lateral decubitus positions (3.4 ± 2.5°, 5.0 ± 3.5°). Overall, 91%, 64.5%, and 56.3% were within 5° of the target angles in the navigation, supine goniometer, and lateral goniometer groups, respectively.
Conclusions The accuracy of cup alignment with the portable navigation system using the flip technique was significantly higher than that with the cup goniometer in the supine and lateral decubitus positions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomonori en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomoko en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKazuki en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KouraTakashi en-aut-sei=Koura en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueTomohiro en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkudaRyuichiro en-aut-sei=Okuda en-aut-mei=Ryuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasadaYasutaka en-aut-sei=Masada en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MugurumaSho en-aut-sei=Muguruma en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Medical Materials for Musculoskeletal Reconstruction, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Medical Materials for Musculoskeletal Reconstruction, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Medical Materials for Musculoskeletal Reconstruction, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Medical Materials for Musculoskeletal Reconstruction, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Medical Materials for Musculoskeletal Reconstruction, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedics, Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=hip kn-keyword=hip en-keyword=navigation system kn-keyword=navigation system en-keyword=portable navigation kn-keyword=portable navigation en-keyword=retrospective study kn-keyword=retrospective study en-keyword=total hip arthroplasty (tha) kn-keyword=total hip arthroplasty (tha) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e91242 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250829 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Efficacy of Ibuprofen Gargle for Oral Lichen Planus: A Single-Center, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Randomized Crossover Study Trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, refractory type of stomatitis characterized by abnormal keratinization and often accompanied by pain. The best treatment for OLP, particularly for pain management, remains unclear. This study focuses on the short-term efficacy of ibuprofen gargle for pain relief in patients with OLP.
Methods: In this crossover study, 24 patients with painful OLP were enrolled. One group received an ibuprofen gargle (0.6%) on days one and three to five and a placebo on day two. The other group received a placebo on day one and ibuprofen on days two to five. The primary outcome was the change in pain level, measured by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after gargling on days one and two. Additionally, changes in each domain of the Patient-Reported Oral Mucositis Symptom (PROMS) scale were evaluated from days one to five.
Results: There was no significant difference in the degree of reduction in pain VAS values between the ibuprofen and placebo groups before and five and 15 minutes after use of the gargle. However, the PROMS scale showed a significant reduction in dietary restrictions (p = 0.032) in favor of the ibuprofen gargle compared to baseline.
Conclusion: Ibuprofen gargle may help alleviate dietary restrictions associated with oral intake in patients with OLP who experience pain.
Trial registration: This study was registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT) (jRCTs051220009). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KakeiYasumasa en-aut-sei=Kakei en-aut-mei=Yasumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitahiroYumi en-aut-sei=Kitahiro en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IoroiTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ioroi en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KashinMasahiko en-aut-sei=Kashin en-aut-mei=Masahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiMasaki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriokaAsami en-aut-sei=Morioka en-aut-mei=Asami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaTakumi en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoIkuko en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Ikuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkashiMasaya en-aut-sei=Akashi en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Pharmacy, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Pharmacy, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shin-suma General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Pharmacy, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Integrated Clinical and Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Pharmacy, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=crossover study kn-keyword=crossover study en-keyword=ibuprofen kn-keyword=ibuprofen en-keyword=mouthwash kn-keyword=mouthwash en-keyword=oral lichen planus kn-keyword=oral lichen planus en-keyword=pain kn-keyword=pain END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e73170 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Black Hairy Tongue in a 54‐Day‐Old Infant: A Case Report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Black hairy tongue is a benign condition caused by elongation and defective desquamation of the filiform papillae, and it is uncommon in neonates and infants. We report a case in a 54-day-old girl who presented with a black lesion on the tongue dorsum. The lesion had first been noted at the 1-month medical checkup and persisted despite observation. At presentation, a localized blackish-brown lesion with accentuated filiform papillae was observed on the tongue dorsum and could not be wiped off with gauze. Oral candidiasis was considered in the differential diagnosis, but microbiological examination detected no Candida species. A clinical diagnosis of black hairy tongue was made, and the parents were instructed to gently clean the tongue dorsum with gauze and a sponge brush. The lesion resolved within 2 weeks without recurrence. Recognition of this benign entity may help avoid unnecessary treatment in infants. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasuiMasanori en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoYumi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunisadaYuki en-aut-sei=Kunisada en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=black hairy tongue kn-keyword=black hairy tongue en-keyword=case report kn-keyword=case report en-keyword=infant kn-keyword=infant en-keyword=oral hygiene kn-keyword=oral hygiene END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=88 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Early-Stage Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Adolescents and Young Adults Compared with Older Patients Exhibits Distinct Clinicopathological Features en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose This study aimed to compare the clinicopathological features of stage I–II oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) between adolescents and young adults (AYAs) and older patients, and to identify prognostic factors in AYA OSCC.
Methods Forty-eight AYA patients aged 15–39 years and 69 older patients aged ≥ 65 years with surgically treated stage I–II OSCC were retrospectively analyzed. Histological evaluation, survival analysis, immunohistochemistry for p53, p16, and MTAP, high-risk HPV RNA in situ hybridization, and fluorescence in situ hybridization for CDKN2A and MTAP were performed.
Results Compared with older patients, OSCCs in AYAs were more frequently located on the tongue (93.7% vs. 47.8%) and more often exhibited a superficial spreading growth pattern (60.4% vs. 31.8%). AYA tumors more frequently showed modified WPOI-1, high tumor budding, and abnormal p53 immunophenotypes (85.4% vs. 68.1%). AYA patients showed significantly better overall and disease-free survival than older patients. Within the AYA group, depth of invasion (DOI) > 5 mm was associated with distant metastasis and poorer overall and disease-free survival. Postoperative lymph node metastasis occurred in 31.2% of AYAs. Univariable analysis suggested that clinical stage II, tumor thickness > 5 mm, DOI > 5 mm, and tumor budding scores 1–2 were associated with postoperative lymph node metastasis. Molecular status, including p53, p16/CDKN2A, and MTAP, did not provide robust prognostic stratification.
Conclusion Early-stage AYA OSCC exhibits distinct clinicopathological features. DOI was the strongest prognostic indicator, whereas clinical stage, tumor thickness, and tumor budding may provide additional prognostic information regarding the risk of late nodal metastasis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OnoSawako en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Sawako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiroseKatsutoshi en-aut-sei=Hirose en-aut-mei=Katsutoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiHotaka en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Hotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeTatsuya en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SukegawaShintaro en-aut-sei=Sukegawa en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuiMasanori en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaChihoko en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Chihoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IsomuraMadoka en-aut-sei=Isomura en-aut-mei=Madoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TachibanaYuri en-aut-sei=Tachibana en-aut-mei=Yuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoJunya en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaKatsumitsu en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Katsumitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagatsukaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Nagatsuka en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHidetaka en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology, Osaka Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pathology Informatics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pathology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck kn-keyword=Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck en-keyword=Mouth neoplasms kn-keyword=Mouth neoplasms en-keyword=Adolescent kn-keyword=Adolescent en-keyword=Young adult kn-keyword=Young adult en-keyword=Prognosis kn-keyword=Prognosis en-keyword=Immunohistochemistry kn-keyword=Immunohistochemistry en-keyword=Tumor suppressor protein p53 kn-keyword=Tumor suppressor protein p53 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=1811 end-page=1822 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=ABA receptor isoforms differently regulate stomatal movements and generation of reactive oxygen species in ABA signaling in Arabidopsis guard cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ABA signaling in stomatal guard cells is crucial for plants to cope with abiotic stress condition. Pyrabactin is a synthetic agonist of ABA that has a selective affinity to limited isoforms of ABA receptors. Here, we investigated the differential utilization of downstream signaling events in guard cell ABA signaling under specific receptor isoforms taking advantage of pyrabactin affinity. Pyrabactin-induced stomatal closure as well as ABA, while it did not inhibit stomatal opening. Plasma membrane inwardly rectifying K+ channel was not regulated by pyrabactin, while H+-ATPase activation was negatively regulated by pyrabactin. Pharmacological and molecular genetic evidence supported that reactive oxygen species production occurred differentially between the closure-inducing and opening-inhibiting signals in guard cells. These findings offer a previously unidentified mechanism for ABA signaling events promoting closure induction and opening inhibition of stomata, which were distinct from each other and governed by different ABA receptor isoforms discriminable by their affinity for pyrabactin. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YinYe en-aut-sei=Yin en-aut-mei=Ye kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiYuki en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SirajamMonira en-aut-sei=Sirajam en-aut-mei=Monira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShaiekOumayma en-aut-sei=Shaiek en-aut-mei=Oumayma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunemasaShintaro en-aut-sei=Munemasa en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraYoshimasa en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaToshinori en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Toshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriIzumi C en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Izumi C kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=e70673 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Potential of quantitative X‐ray imaging from photon‐counting CT: A novel analysis based on effective atomic number and physical density en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Conventional CT assessment of lung lesions is based mainly on morphological features. CT values represent relative X-ray attenuation that does not directly reflect tissue composition and/or physical density. Quantitative imaging using photon-counting CT (PC-CT) has the potential to provide quantitative parameters, such as effective atomic number (Zeff) and effective physical density (ρeff).
Purpose: The purpose is to develop and demonstrate the potential of an algorithm that generates both the Zeff and ρeff images, derived directly from virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) acquired with a clinical PC-CT system.
Methods: The ρeff image was generated by fitting a database of mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ) to the measured linear attenuation coefficients (μ), which were obtained from two VMIs at 70 and 100 keV. As an effective material, Zeff information was also determined and fed back into the ρeff calculation. An in-house low-density phantom was scanned for quantitative evaluation of ρeff. In addition, to demonstrate the applicability of our procedure to actual clinical imaging, representative chest PC-CT images from patients were analyzed.
Results: In experiments using low-density phantoms, the CT values did not necessarily correlate with Zeff values, but they showed a very good correlation with the ρeff values. The ρeff values calculated using our procedure correlated well with the correct values of ρ. A relative root mean square error of ρeff calculation was 5.5%. Furthermore, we found that in pulmonary diagnosis, image contrast information from ρeff makes it easier to identify and distinguish lesions compared to that from Zeff.
Conclusions: The proposed procedure directly generated Zeff and ρeff images from PC-CT data and enabled quantitative interpretation of CT value in terms of elemental composition and physical density. In this study, the feasibility of generating Zeff and ρeff images was demonstrated. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsaharaTakashi en-aut-sei=Asahara en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigamiRina en-aut-sei=Nishigami en-aut-mei=Rina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimotoNatsumi en-aut-sei=Kimoto en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitaniMana en-aut-sei=Mitani en-aut-mei=Mana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimitsuYusuke en-aut-sei=Morimitsu en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiNoriaki en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigakiFumiyo en-aut-sei=Higaki en-aut-mei=Fumiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiological Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Junshin Gakuen University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=College of Transdisciplinary Sciences for Innovation Kanazawa University Kanazawa Ishikawa Japan kn-affil= en-keyword=computed tomography kn-keyword=computed tomography en-keyword=density image kn-keyword=density image en-keyword=photon-counting kn-keyword=photon-counting en-keyword=virtual monoenergetic image kn-keyword=virtual monoenergetic image en-keyword=X-ray diagnosis kn-keyword=X-ray diagnosis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=e70221 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photochemical Oxidative Esterification of Aldehydes with Radical-Sensitive Alcohols via CH Bromination en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Photochemical esterification is an attractive strategy for the synthesis of multifunctionalized esters, and the use of aldehydes as substrates offers an alternative to conventional carboxylic acid–based approaches. In particular, reactions via acyl halide intermediates are useful for accessing functionalized esters; however, examples of such transformations remain limited so far, and their compatibility with radical-sensitive alcohols remains relatively unexplored. Here, we report a photochemical oxidative esterification of aldehydes with radical-sensitive alcohols enabled by CH bromination. This reaction proceeds without stoichiometric additives, such as bases, and enables the incorporation of a broad range of radical-sensitive functional groups into esters. Thus, it represents a promising platform for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and functional materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HariyantoNova Alfian en-aut-sei=Hariyanto en-aut-mei=Nova Alfian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoHaru en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Haru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoAtsuya en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Atsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamuraHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Takamura en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadotaIsao en-aut-sei=Kadota en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKenta en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=C─H bromination kn-keyword=C─H bromination en-keyword=esterification kn-keyword=esterification en-keyword=photochemical synthesis kn-keyword=photochemical synthesis en-keyword=radical reaction kn-keyword=radical reaction END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e71464 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260729 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of Tris(indol-3-yl)methanes From Indoles, CO2, and Dimethylphenylsilane With BPh3: Two-Step Construction of π-Conjugated Systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tris(indol-3-yl)methanes were synthesized from indoles, CO2, and PhMe2SiH in the presence of BPh3 in acetonitrile at 50°C. This is the first CO2 fixation reaction forming the aliphatic methine (>CH─) group. The isotope-labeling experiments clearly demonstrated that the carbon and hydrogen atoms of the methine group originated from carbon dioxide and dimethylphenylsilane, respectively. The mechanism for the multicomponent cascade reaction was elucidated by DFT calculations. One of the CO2-derived products, tris(4-bromo-1-methylindol-3-yl)methane, underwent palladium-catalyzed intramolecular cascade reactions for the selective formation of two novel polycyclic heteroaromatic compounds, where the methine C(sp3) atom originating from CO2 was converted into aromatic C(sp2) atoms. One is formally produced via double direct C─H arylation, Wacker-type oxidation, dehydrogenation, and debromination, while the other seems to be produced via the intramolecular homocoupling of aryl bromide, direct C─H arylation, Wacker-type oxidation, and dehydrogenation. Both of them are new intramolecular cascade reactions that are useful for the short-step construction of nitrogen-doped nanographenes. On the other hand, one of the CO2-derived products, tris(1-pentylindol-3-yl)methane, was converted into tris(1-pentylindol-3-yl)methylium methanesulfonate, which is a potential antitumor drug. This is the first derivatization of CO2 to a cationic C(sp2) center. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LiSha en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Sha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaibaraSo en-aut-sei=Saibara en-aut-mei=So kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiReito en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Reito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaishiKazuto en-aut-sei=Takaishi en-aut-mei=Kazuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NittaNatsumi en-aut-sei=Nitta en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EmaTadashi en-aut-sei=Ema en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=boranes kn-keyword=boranes en-keyword=carbondioxidefixation kn-keyword=carbondioxidefixation en-keyword=cascadereaction kn-keyword=cascadereaction en-keyword=heteroaromatics kn-keyword=heteroaromatics en-keyword=silanes kn-keyword=silanes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=e70090 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260710 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration‐TDP Type C With Striatal Glial Cytoplasmic Inclusions and Motor Neuron Degeneration en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchinoAkiko en-aut-sei=Uchino en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanemaruKazutomi en-aut-sei=Kanemaru en-aut-mei=Kazutomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TarutaniAiri en-aut-sei=Tarutani en-aut-mei=Airi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaMasato en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaruseHiroya en-aut-sei=Naruse en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiuraHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Ishiura en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurayamaShigeo en-aut-sei=Murayama en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoYuko en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology (Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology (Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology (Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology kn-affil= en-keyword=amyotrophic lateral sclerosis kn-keyword=amyotrophic lateral sclerosis en-keyword=annexin A11 kn-keyword=annexin A11 en-keyword=corticobasal syndrome kn-keyword=corticobasal syndrome en-keyword=frontotemporal lobar degeneration kn-keyword=frontotemporal lobar degeneration en-keyword=glial cytoplasmic inclusions kn-keyword=glial cytoplasmic inclusions en-keyword=motor neuron disease kn-keyword=motor neuron disease en-keyword=TDP-43 kn-keyword=TDP-43 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=104504 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association of initial interface formation time with CD34+ collection efficiency in continuous mononuclear cell collection: A retrospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Factors influencing CD34+ cell collection efficiency (CE) during peripheral blood stem cell harvesting have been investigated; however, the impact of procedural management remains unclear. In continuous mononuclear cell (CMNC) collection, a stable cell–plasma interface (IF) is formed through channel priming, initial IF establishment, and mononuclear cell (MNC) collection. Although IF instability is known to impair CE, the adequacy of initial IF formation has not been examined as an independent factor. Therefore, we focused on the time required for initial IF formation and its association with CE.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 291 Spectra Optia CMNC procedures (52 autologous and 239 allogeneic) performed between 2016 and 2025. Initial interface formation time (IFT) was defined as the interval from the start of the procedure to transition to MNC collection. CE2 was defined as the ratio of collected CD34+ cells to the product of pre-apheresis peripheral blood CD34+ cell concentration and processed blood volume. Results: CE2 was lower in autologous than in allogeneic collections (41.3% vs. 59.2%) and was associated with longer IFT (median, 18 vs. 15 min). CE2 correlated with white blood cell count (r = −0.24), hematocrit (r = 0.36), and IFT (r = −0.23; all p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, these factors remained independently associated with CE2, and IFT was inversely correlated with hematocrit (r = −0.44, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: IFT is independently associated with CE2 and provides insight into the early dynamics of IF formation during leukapheresis, highlighting an underexplored procedural aspect of CE. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiKeiko en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraWataru en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkeuchiKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Ikeuchi en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimonoJoji en-aut-sei=Shimono en-aut-mei=Joji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNobuharu en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Nobuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=CD34+CE2 kn-keyword=CD34+CE2 en-keyword=Continuous mononuclear cell collection kn-keyword=Continuous mononuclear cell collection en-keyword=Spectra Optia kn-keyword=Spectra Optia en-keyword=Interface formation time kn-keyword=Interface formation time en-keyword=Leukapheresis kn-keyword=Leukapheresis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=286 end-page=289 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ultra-Low Input Power Drivable IoT Wireless Sensor using Energy Harvesting from 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This letter implements an ultra-low-power IoT wireless sensor driven by energy harvesting (EH) from 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi and verifies its performance. First, a planar Yagi-Uda antenna was used to extend transmission distance, and its maximum gain was 12.2 dBi. Next, a high-conversion-efficiency rectifier was implemented using surface-mount components to achieve ultra-low input power operation and achieved 15.7% conversion efficiency at −20 dBm input power. Finally, connecting these components to the sensor module enabled sensor operation at a distance of 3.0 m from the Wi-Fi router. This shows that the proposed IoT wireless sensor offers high flexibility and enables semi-permanent operation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadahamaMasato en-aut-sei=Wadahama en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimoriKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Fujimori en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=RF energy harvesting kn-keyword=RF energy harvesting en-keyword=planar Yagi-Uda antenna kn-keyword=planar Yagi-Uda antenna en-keyword=rectifier kn-keyword=rectifier en-keyword=ultra-low power kn-keyword=ultra-low power en-keyword=IoT kn-keyword=IoT END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1527 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260713 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Upregulation of the Outer Membrane Protein OmpV and Its Role in Polymyxin B Stress Adaptation in Vibrio mimicus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OmpV is an outer membrane protein found in a variety of Gram-negative bacteria. In this study, we demonstrated that V. mimicus strain CS-66, isolated from a patient with diarrhea, was resistant to polymyxin B (PL-B) and colistin (CL) but susceptible to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin. When strain CS-66 was cultured in Luria–Bertani broth containing a sub-minimal inhibitory concentration of each antibiotic used for the susceptibility tests, ompV expression as assayed by reverse transcription-qPCR, significantly increased regardless of the antibiotic tested. In contrast, cell aggregation during the early log phase was observed only when the strain was grown in the broth supplemented with PL-B or CL. A space-filling model of V. mimicus OmpV was generated. The model showed that, although OmpV adopted a β-barrel conformation, it had closed top and bottom ends and possessed a lateral cavity. Structural analysis further indicated that the interior of this lateral cavity was negatively charged and sufficiently large to accommodate PL-B. These results suggest that V. mimicus may adapt to PL-B stress through physical sequestration within the negatively charged cavity of OmpV. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoderaYuta en-aut-sei=Onodera en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnnoiShunki en-aut-sei=Annoi en-aut-mei=Shunki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuzemboBasilua Andre en-aut-sei=Muzembo en-aut-mei=Basilua Andre kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Center for Intestinal Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute of Nursing Care for People and Community, University of Hyogo kn-affil= en-keyword=Vibrio mimicus kn-keyword=Vibrio mimicus en-keyword=polymyxin B kn-keyword=polymyxin B en-keyword=OmpV kn-keyword=OmpV en-keyword=β-barrel protein kn-keyword=β-barrel protein en-keyword=antibiotic sequestration kn-keyword=antibiotic sequestration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=83 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=565 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260730 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Osmotic pressure, correlation lengths and viscosity of aqueous pullulan solutions beyond the overlap concentration en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigate the thermodynamic, scattering, and flow properties of pullulan, a flexible non-ionic polysaccharide in aqueous solution, focusing on semidilute and concentrated solutions. We review dilute solution data for the intrinsic viscosity and radius of gyration and hydrodynamic radius of aqueous pullulan and find the Kuhn length and thermal blob size, below which the polymer chain is nearly ideal, to be 3 nm and 20 nm, respectively. We establish the scaling laws for static correlation length, specific viscosity, osmotic pressure, and osmotic compressibility across dilute, semidilute, and concentrated regions, finding that the scaling exponents align well with theoretical predictions but the crossover concentrations obtained from different methods are not consistent. The ratio between the osmotic and Ornstein–Zernike correlation lengths ξΠ/ξOZ is approximately 2.5 for aqueous solutions, similar to that observed in polystyrene in a theta solvent. This similarity may arise because the crossover concentration between the semidilute and concentrated regions c∗∗ is close to the overlap concentration c∗. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MengLingzi en-aut-sei=Meng en-aut-mei=Lingzi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwatoRene en-aut-sei=Iwato en-aut-mei=Rene kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LopezCarlos G. en-aut-sei=Lopez en-aut-mei=Carlos G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University kn-affil= en-keyword=Pullulan kn-keyword=Pullulan en-keyword=Osmotic pressure kn-keyword=Osmotic pressure en-keyword=Correlation length kn-keyword=Correlation length en-keyword=Semidilute solutions kn-keyword=Semidilute solutions en-keyword=Concentrated solutions kn-keyword=Concentrated solutions en-keyword=Viscosity kn-keyword=Viscosity en-keyword=SAXS kn-keyword=SAXS en-keyword=SANS kn-keyword=SANS en-keyword=DLS kn-keyword=DLS END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=789 end-page=797 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Transplanting Date and Photoperiod on Flowering of Everbearing Strawberries en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Everbearing strawberries have the potential to produce fruit year-round if transplanted early. However, temperature and plant physiological status limit the continuous flowering. Herein, we aimed to investigate whether promoting flowering through long-day phototreatment enables earlier transplanting. The interaction between transplanting date and photoperiod in two everbearing strawberry cultivars was examined. In the 04 cultivar, which exhibited strong everbearing characteristics, rapid and continuous flowering occurred largely independent of long-day treatment, and early transplanting alone increased inflorescence number and early yield. However, excessive flowering was associated with reduced average fruit weight, soluble solid concentration, and firmness. Conversely, in Yotsuboshi, a cultivar with weak everbearing characteristics, earlier transplanting combined with extended photoperiods advanced the emergence of the first and second inflorescences. However, gains in total early yield were small, and the average fruit weight decreased compared with that in the control, indicating physiological stress. Across the cultivars, earlier inflorescence emergence was negatively correlated with days to flowering and positively associated with cumulative yield. For practical applications, cultivars with strong everbearing characteristics can be managed with early transplanting and minimal long-day supplementation to ensure early production. In contrast, cultivars with weak everbearing characteristics require extended photoperiods following early transplanting along with stress-mitigation strategies to maintain fruit size and quality. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Hikawa-EndoMinori en-aut-sei=Hikawa-Endo en-aut-mei=Minori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaRyosuke en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoTakayoshi en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Takayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Western Region Agricultural Research Center, NARO kn-affil= en-keyword=continuous flowering kn-keyword=continuous flowering en-keyword=fruit quality kn-keyword=fruit quality en-keyword=fruit yield kn-keyword=fruit yield en-keyword=inflorescence emergence kn-keyword=inflorescence emergence en-keyword=photoperiod kn-keyword=photoperiod en-keyword=transplanting date kn-keyword=transplanting date END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e02824-25 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260724 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Escalation of CTX-M-producing extensively drug-resistant Shigella spp. in Kolkata, India, following the COVID-19 pandemic en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Shigella spp. is recognized by the World Health Organization as a high-priority pathogen due to its global prevalence, unique pathogenic mechanisms, and growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Nearly half of all Shigella strains worldwide are now multidrug-resistant (MDR), and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) variants—resistant to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin—has severely limited effective treatment options. The present study is based on prospective laboratory surveillance involving 323 Shigella isolates collected during 2021–2023, with pre-COVID-19 pandemic data included from a previously published study solely for historical comparison. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was investigated, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on representative isolates to assess phylogenetic relatedness with global isolates. Approximately 10% of isolates exhibited resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. While only 3% of Shigella isolates carried the blaCTX-M-15 gene from 2013 to 2019, its prevalence increased to 26% by 2022–2023. Among 38 ceftriaxone-resistant S. sonnei isolates, 33 were also resistant to azithromycin, categorizing them as XDR. These isolates showed 48% clonal similarity and high phylogenetic resemblance to the isolates reported from England. Hybrid genome assembly revealed a plasmid harboring both the blaCTX-M-15 and mphA ARGs. Conjugation experiments and plasmid profiling confirmed the plasmid’s transferability. We report a rising trend in third-generation cephalosporin resistance among Shigella spp., primarily driven by the spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing S. flexneri and the emergence of XDR S. sonnei. These findings underscore the urgent need for strengthened national AMR containment strategies and enhanced international surveillance of cephalosporin-resistant Shigella to mitigate this growing public health threat. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BosePuja en-aut-sei=Bose en-aut-mei=Puja kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HalderGourab en-aut-sei=Halder en-aut-mei=Gourab kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KayetPratanu en-aut-sei=Kayet en-aut-mei=Pratanu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChowdhuryGoutam en-aut-sei=Chowdhury en-aut-mei=Goutam kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=BasakSurajit en-aut-sei=Basak en-aut-mei=Surajit kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=RoyDeboleena en-aut-sei=Roy en-aut-mei=Deboleena kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaMasatomo en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Masatomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=RamamurthyThandavarayan en-aut-sei=Ramamurthy en-aut-mei=Thandavarayan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoleyHemanta en-aut-sei=Koley en-aut-mei=Hemanta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=DasSantasabuj en-aut-sei=Das en-aut-mei=Santasabuj kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukhopadhyayAsish Kumar en-aut-sei=Mukhopadhyay en-aut-mei=Asish Kumar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Bioinformatics, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Bioinformatics, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Center for Intestinal Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Center for Intestinal Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections kn-affil= en-keyword=dysentery kn-keyword=dysentery en-keyword=AMR kn-keyword=AMR en-keyword=XDR kn-keyword=XDR en-keyword=Shigella spp. kn-keyword=Shigella spp. en-keyword=CTX-M kn-keyword=CTX-M en-keyword=plasmid kn-keyword=plasmid en-keyword=transconjugants kn-keyword=transconjugants en-keyword=PFGE kn-keyword=PFGE en-keyword=WGS kn-keyword=WGS END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=61 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1884 end-page=1891 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202408 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Shoot-to-Root Ratio Serves as an Early Practical Indicator of Tipburn Risk in Lisianthus [Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.] Seedlings en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tipburn is a calcium-related physiological disorder that reduces lisianthus seedling quality, yet the factors underlying cultivar differences remain unclear. This study evaluated 10 lisianthus cultivars to determine whether the shoot-to-root (S/R) ratio and key physiological traits influence tipburn susceptibility. Seedlings were grown in a closed production system with restricted root volume and once-daily irrigation to enhance symptom expression. The S/R ratio varied significantly among cultivars (2.82–4.02) and was strongly correlated with tipburn incidence (r = 0.744, P < 0.05) and severity (r = 0.706, P < 0.05). Cultivars with higher S/R ratios exhibited greater tipburn, whereas those with lower ratios showed little to no symptoms. Diurnal measurements of transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, and electron transport rate revealed cultivar-specific physiological patterns; however, midday transpiration showed only a weak association with tipburn. These results indicate that biomass allocation, rather than physiological activity alone, is the primary factor governing tipburn susceptibility. The S/R ratio represents a simple and practical indicator for identifying high-risk cultivars in nursery production. Future studies should investigate the roles of calcium transport, developmental stage, and irrigation management in mitigating tipburn occurrence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SambaNethone en-aut-sei=Samba en-aut-mei=Nethone kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkiKureha en-aut-sei=Iki en-aut-mei=Kureha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoTanjuro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Tanjuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Hikawa-EndoMinori en-aut-sei=Hikawa-Endo en-aut-mei=Minori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasubaKen-ichiro en-aut-sei=Yasuba en-aut-mei=Ken-ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamaYoko en-aut-sei=Miyama en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Fukushima Prefectural Iwaki Agriculture and Forestry Office kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan; and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University kn-affil= en-keyword=biomass allocation kn-keyword=biomass allocation en-keyword=calcium deficiency kn-keyword=calcium deficiency en-keyword=cultivar kn-keyword=cultivar en-keyword=physiology kn-keyword=physiology en-keyword=transpiration kn-keyword=transpiration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1992 end-page=2003 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260514 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of population-approach programs promoting salt reduction and potassium intake in Japan: the Population-based Sodium/Potassium Improvement Program (PoSPIP) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Reducing sodium intake in populations is essential, but insufficient for preventing and managing high blood pressure, while the importance of increasing potassium intake is overlooked. We investigated the effects of 1-year population-approach programs (2021–2022) promoting salt reduction and potassium intake using urinalysis feedback and food environment improvement. This retrospective observational study included 7649 participants (mean age, 54.0 years; 45.3% women) from 11 municipalities and 4 workplaces. Outcomes in intensive support programs—including urinary sodium, potassium, and sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio measurements with feedback, dietary promotion, and food environment improvement—were compared with standard support programs providing usual health guidance. In linear regression adjusted for demographics, lifestyle factors, and medical history, the reduction in urinary Na/K ratio was greater in the intensive support group (n = 4064) than in the standard support group (n = 3585) (mean difference −0.14 [95% confidence interval, −0.27 to −0.01]). Although estimated potassium intake decreased in both groups, the decline was smaller in the intensive support group (mean difference 31 [12 to 51] mg/day). Estimated salt intake did not differ between the groups. The intensive support group showed greater increases in diastolic blood pressure and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and smaller increases in blood glucose, as well as greater reductions in hemoglobin A1c and Salt Check Sheet scores. Mean differences between the groups for endpoints were not heterogeneous across intensive support program types. Our findings support the development of hypertension prevention and management strategies that promote healthier dietary behaviors and can be implemented in community and workplace settings, with broad public health applicability. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HisamatsuTakashi en-aut-sei=Hisamatsu en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinutaMinako en-aut-sei=Kinuta en-aut-mei=Minako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhkuboTakayoshi en-aut-sei=Ohkubo en-aut-mei=Takayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuchihashiTakuya en-aut-sei=Tsuchihashi en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshitaKatsushi en-aut-sei=Yoshita en-aut-mei=Katsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemiYukari en-aut-sei=Takemi en-aut-mei=Yukari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayabuchiHitomi en-aut-sei=Hayabuchi en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamiYukiko en-aut-sei=Okami en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaokaKaori en-aut-sei=Kitaoka en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaguchiKeiko en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HozawaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Hozawa en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamuraTomonori en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItohHiroshi en-aut-sei=Itoh en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=RakugiHiromi en-aut-sei=Rakugi en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NodeKoichi en-aut-sei=Node en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Cardiovascular Center, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Public Health, Nutrition, School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Nutrition, Kagawa Nutrition University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Health and Environmental Sciences, Fukuoka Women’s University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, Shukutoku University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Japanese Society of Hypertension kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Japanese Society of Hypertension kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Japanese Society of Hypertension kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= en-keyword=Implemental hypertension kn-keyword=Implemental hypertension en-keyword=Sodium kn-keyword=Sodium en-keyword=Potassium kn-keyword=Potassium en-keyword=Urinalysis kn-keyword=Urinalysis en-keyword=Food environment kn-keyword=Food environment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=29 article-no= start-page=12214 end-page=12224 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Terpolymerization of epoxide, oxetane, and CO2 for the synthesis of polycarbonates with high CO2 contents, physical tunability, and enzymatic degradability en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Although poly(cyclohexene carbonate) (PCHC) synthesized by the copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and CO2 is a promising material, the physical properties of this material need to be altered and tuned for its wider applications. To this end, we employed a terpolymerization strategy increasing the CO2 content in the resulting polymers. Terpolymerization of CHO, oxetane, and CO2 using AlIII porphyrin catalysts with quaternary ammonium halides afforded polycarbonates with high CO2 contents, physical tunability, and enzymatic degradability. The counter anions of the catalysts were crucial factors in the formation of the poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) unit. 1a with bromide ions preferentially produced trimethylene carbonate (TMC) over PTMC, while 1d with chloride ions suppressed the formation of TMC and produced PCHC–PTMC directly. PCHC–PTMC showed glass transition temperatures (Tg) between 69 °C and −9 °C, depending on the PCHC/PTMC ratio. The tensile test revealed that the PTMC unit contributed to the softening of the film materials. For example, a film material with a CO2 content of 38 wt% showed 505% elongation at break with an elastic character, which contrasted starkly with the 1.3% elongation at break of PCHC with a CO2 content of 31 wt%. Moreover, the selective degradation of the PTMC unit in PCHC–PTMC was achieved with lipases, and a gradient character in the sequence structure was suggested. Overall, PCHC–PTMC is an environmentally benign and sustainable CO2-based polycarbonate. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NikiKaito en-aut-sei=Niki en-aut-mei=Kaito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaChihiro en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Chihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EmaTadashi en-aut-sei=Ema en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=84 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=102895 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Factors that delay discovery in cases of death at home in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In Japan, solitary deaths have become a social issue, with an increasing number of cases in which the body is discovered long after death. This study aimed to clarify the factors underlying such delays. Cases of death at home were extracted from forensic autopsies. In each case, we collected information about the deceased and their living conditions. The postmortem interval until finding (PMI-f) was calculated by measuring the time between death and discovery. We classified the cases into long PMI-f (LPMI-f; having PMI-f of ≥3 days) and short PMI-f (SPMI-f; having PMI-f of <3 days), and examined the factors that lead to LPMI-f. The characteristics of the group living alone with a PMI-f of <24 h and living with family or acquaintances with an LPMI-f were also analyzed. Among the 420 cases included, 244 (58.1%) were in the LPMI-f group. The LPMI-f group had higher number of males; older individuals; those living alone; those found inside their homes; single, retired, or non-employed individuals; those without long-term care certification; and those with drinking habits. Forty-seven individuals lived alone and had PMI-f of <24 h. Regular visits from relatives living separately led to early detection after death. In the LPMI-f group, 56 individuals lived with family or acquaintances. The absence of regular visits can result in delayed discovery after death; however, the time between death and discovery could be shortened by implementing systems such as allowing neighbors to check the person's safety by noticing uncollected mail. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamasakiYukie en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Yukie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamiyaNanako en-aut-sei=Tamiya en-aut-mei=Nanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHideki en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraMasanobu en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Masanobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiKaori en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiChie en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Chie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomuraMasafumi en-aut-sei=Motomura en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=Himemiya-HakuchoAyako en-aut-sei=Himemiya-Hakucho en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaishiSatoru en-aut-sei=Miyaishi en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Solitary deaths kn-keyword=Solitary deaths en-keyword=Social isolation kn-keyword=Social isolation en-keyword=Postmortem interval kn-keyword=Postmortem interval en-keyword=Decomposition kn-keyword=Decomposition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2026 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma With an Epithelial‐Myoepithelial Carcinoma Component in the Submandibular Gland: A Case Report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is an uncommon malignant salivary gland tumor arising from pleomorphic adenoma, whereas epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare low-grade salivary gland malignancy. CXPA with an EMC component in the submandibular gland is uncommon.
Case Report: A 65-year-old man presented with a painless, firm mass in the left submandibular region and weakness of the left lower lip. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an irregular submandibular mass, and FDG-PET/CT showed increased uptake (maximum standardized uptake value, 9.2). Core biopsy suggested pleomorphic adenoma; however, the clinical and radiological findings strongly indicated malignancy. Incisional biopsy was therefore performed under general anesthesia, with a plan to proceed to definitive treatment if malignancy was confirmed. Intraoperative histopathological examination revealed a malignant salivary gland tumor, and tumor resection with neck dissection was completed during the same procedure. Histopathological examination showed invasive CXPA with an EMC component, accompanied by extracapsular invasion exceeding 6 mm, perineural invasion, and extension into adjacent muscle (pT3N0). Although surgical margins were negative, pulmonary metastases developed 12 months after surgery, followed by suspected pleural dissemination and spinal canal extension. The patient declined further aggressive treatment and died of the disease 48 months after surgery.
Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of integrating clinical, radiological, and pathological findings for accurate diagnosis of salivary gland tumors, particularly when biopsy results are inconsistent with clinical suspicion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasuharaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Yasuhara en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuiMasanori en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunisadaYuki en-aut-sei=Kunisada en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakakuraHiroaki en-aut-sei=Takakura en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataEiji en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadoyaKoichi en-aut-sei=Kadoya en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmemoriKoki en-aut-sei=Umemori en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaNorie en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Norie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoKeisuke en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma kn-keyword=carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma en-keyword=case report kn-keyword=case report en-keyword=epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma kn-keyword=epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma en-keyword=salivary gland neoplasm kn-keyword=salivary gland neoplasm en-keyword=submandibular gland kn-keyword=submandibular gland END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260717 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tripartite Interaction Between Penicillium pinophilum-Host Plants and CMV-Y: A Model for Endophyte-Mediated Viral Biocontrol en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Plant-fungus-virus tripartite interactions represent complex ecological systems in which mutualistic endophytes can influence host physiology, yet the molecular basis of endophyte-mediated defence remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the endophytic fungus Penicillium pinophilum EU0013 suppresses the yellow strain of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Y) in Solanum lycopersicum and Nicotiana benthamiana. CMV-Y infection induced pronounced oxidative and hormonal perturbations, which were mitigated by P. pinophilum colonisation. Endophyte-associated plants exhibited early accumulation of jasmonate intermediates, consistent with the activation of jasmonate signalling. This response promoted the degradation of jasmonate-ZIM-domain proteins and release of core JA-responsive transcription factors. Virus-induced gene silencing identified MYC2 as a key regulator required for endophyte-mediated antiviral protection, with WRKY17 contributing to defence modulation. In parallel, transcriptome analysis revealed the upregulation of a Dicer-like gene, indicating enhanced engagement of RNA silencing, a primary antiviral mechanism targeting viral RNA. This coordinated activation occurred alongside significant induction of pathogenesis-related proteins, particularly PR9, and improved control of reactive oxygen species. Salicylic acid-responsive defences showed a host-modulated pattern, with PR1 induced by CMV and PR2/PR5 preferentially enhanced in endophyte-associated plants. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that P. pinophilum enhances antiviral immunity through coordinated defence integration pathways, providing a framework for endophyte-based viral disease management. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IbiangSarah R. en-aut-sei=Ibiang en-aut-mei=Sarah R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=GalisIvan en-aut-sei=Galis en-aut-mei=Ivan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoHideki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Group of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Group of Plant-Insect Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Group of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Group of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=cucumber mosaic virus kn-keyword=cucumber mosaic virus en-keyword=endophyte‐mediated resistance kn-keyword=endophyte‐mediated resistance en-keyword=jasmonate signalling kn-keyword=jasmonate signalling en-keyword=pathogenesis‐related proteins kn-keyword=pathogenesis‐related proteins en-keyword=solanaceae kn-keyword=solanaceae en-keyword=tripartite interaction kn-keyword=tripartite interaction END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260722 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dissociation between globe shape-induced rectus muscle pulley displacement and abduction limitation in patients aged 40 years and older with high myopic strabismus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose We hypothesized that high myopia (HM)-induced globe deformation displaces rectus muscle (RM) pulleys, contributing to mild ocular motility restriction. This study investigated the effects of globe shape on RM pulley positions in older Japanese patients with acquired strabismus (AS) and mild motility restriction—defined as the ability to abduct both eyes beyond the midline.
Methods In this retrospective case series, 28 patients (mean age ± standard deviation: 61.2 ± 9.0 years) with adult-onset AS were included: 6 patients with (LAB group) and 22 patients without abduction limitation (NLAB group). In each subject, the eye with the longer axial length (AL ≥ 26 mm), measured using an AL measurement apparatus, was analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RM pulley positions relative to the globe center and equatorial diameter (ED) were measured; the ED-to-AL ratio (EAR) was calculated. We compared these parameters between groups and analyzed correlations of globe-shape factors (EAR, AL, and ED) with pulley positions and age.
Results No significant differences in EAR, AL, ED, or pulley positions were detected between LAB and NLAB groups, possibly owing to the limited sample size and group imbalance, in the analyzed eyes. However, as EAR decreased (prolate deformation), the superior rectus (SR) pulley (r = 0.68, P < 0.01) and inferior rectus (IR) pulley (r = 0.40, P = 0.03) significantly displaced nasally. AL (r = -0.52, P < 0.01) correlated with the horizontal SR pulley position. Furthermore, age significantly correlated with AL (r = 0.45, P = 0.02) and decrease in EAR (r = -0.41, P = 0.03).
Conclusions In older Japanese patients with HM and AS, prolate globe deformation was associated with age and significantly correlated with SR and IR pulley positions. While the direct relationship between these structural changes and the clinical degree of mild abduction limitation requires further investigation in larger cohorts, EAR sensitively reflected age-related morphological shifts; thus, when used in conjunction with AL, EAR may represent a readily measurable MRI-based parameter associated with restrictive motility tendencies in strabismus with high myopia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonoReika en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Reika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamasakiIchiro en-aut-sei=Hamasaki en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoFumiko en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Fumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataKiyo en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Kiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorisawaShin en-aut-sei=Morisawa en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorizaneYuki en-aut-sei=Morizane en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Lino Eye Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Ophthalmology, Ibara City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Lino Eye Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Heavy eye syndrome kn-keyword=Heavy eye syndrome en-keyword=High myopia kn-keyword=High myopia en-keyword=Magnetic resonance imaging kn-keyword=Magnetic resonance imaging en-keyword=Prolate deformation kn-keyword=Prolate deformation en-keyword=Rectus muscle pulley kn-keyword=Rectus muscle pulley en-keyword=Strabismus kn-keyword=Strabismus END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=e73156 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Custom‐Made Mouthpiece‐Assisted Oral Cryotherapy During Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in a Patient With Hemimaxillectomy‐Related Oroantral Communication: A Case Report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A custom-made mouthpiece enabled safe oral cryotherapy in a patient with extensive oroantral communication after hemimaxillectomy and may also be applicable to other patients with communication between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus or nasal cavity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuzakiKumiko en-aut-sei=Matsuzaki en-aut-mei=Kumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiFuminobu en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Fuminobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotoyamaYasuji en-aut-sei=Motoyama en-aut-mei=Yasuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaSeiko en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Seiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SogaYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Soga en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Dental Laboratory Division, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Dental Laboratory Division, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Dental Laboratory Division, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=hematopoietic stem cell transplantation kn-keyword=hematopoietic stem cell transplantation en-keyword=hemimaxillectomy kn-keyword=hemimaxillectomy en-keyword=mouthpiece kn-keyword=mouthpiece en-keyword=oral cryotherapy kn-keyword=oral cryotherapy en-keyword=oral mucositis kn-keyword=oral mucositis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=103486 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Students’ perceptions of an electronic one-minute paper in a radiography training programme: An exploratory cross-sectional questionnaire study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: Formative assessment can support health professions education; however, reports on electronic 1-min papers as classroom feedback and engagement tools in radiography programmes remain limited. This study explored radiography students’ perceptions of an electronic 1-min paper, focusing on in-class reflection, ease of asking questions, and instructor feedback.
Methods: An electronic 1-min paper was used in a radiotherapy course across 45 class sessions in the 2024 academic year for third-year students enrolled in a 4-year radiography programme. Each 90-min class comprised a 60-min lecture, 10-min completion of the paper, and 20-min instructor feedback. After the course, a de-identified online questionnaire was administered. Eleven 5-point Likert-scale items were analysed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's rank correlations. Free-text responses were analysed using inductive qualitative content analysis.
Results: Of the 77 eligible students, 74 responded (96.1%). Ease of use received the highest rating (mean, 4.76; standard deviation [SD], 0.52), followed by ease of asking questions (mean, 4.32), question resolution (mean, 4.16), and usefulness of instructor feedback (mean, 4.08). Motivation to review after class was lowest (mean, 3.04; SD, 1.16). Active participation showed a strong positive association with in-class concentration (rs = 0.815; P < 0.001). Free-text responses indicated reflection and improved understanding, anonymous sharing of questions, active listening and concentration, and suggestions for improvement.
Conclusion: The electronic 1-min paper was widely accepted and perceived to support in-class reflection, question expression, and immediate feedback. However, students’ perceptions of its influence on out-of-class review motivation were limited. The findings indicate perceived value and engagement rather than demonstrated educational effectiveness.
Implications for practice: Electronic 1-min papers may help instructors identify students’ questions and respond during class, providing a practical approach to in-class feedback. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KomatsuY. en-aut-sei=Komatsu en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeS. en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsudouS. en-aut-sei=Tsudou en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoY. en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeY. en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Jikei University of Health Care Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Jikei University of Health Care Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical School, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Electronic 1-min paper kn-keyword=Electronic 1-min paper en-keyword=Formative assessment kn-keyword=Formative assessment en-keyword=Radiography education kn-keyword=Radiography education en-keyword=Immediate feedback kn-keyword=Immediate feedback en-keyword=Student engagement kn-keyword=Student engagement en-keyword=Health professions education kn-keyword=Health professions education END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=429 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=140693 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2027 dt-pub=202702 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mechanism of Enhanced Heat Release in Spray Combustion of a Methanol–DME Blended Fuel en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper investigates the spray combustion characteristics of a methanol–DME blended fuel with a DME mole fraction of 0.57 in a constant volume vessel. The rate of heat release (ROHR) was evaluated using pressure-based heat release analysis. The results show that the methanol–DME blended fuel requires a longer injection duration due to the lower LHV (lower heating value), but it exhibits a shorter combustion duration than conventional diesel fuel, together with a higher ROHR normalized by the injection LHV rate and a shorter afterburning duration. To elucidate the relationship between the spray combustion processes and the ROHR characteristics, the spray flame was visualized using schlieren and OH chemiluminescence imaging techniques. In addition, a one-dimensional simulation based on a diesel jet model was conducted to evaluate the distributions of the equivalence ratio. These analyses reveal that the lower theoretical air–fuel ratio, attributed to the oxygenated nature of the methanol–DME blended fuel, reduces the equivalence ratio within the spray, promoting earlier formation of near-stoichiometric mixtures. As a result, the ROHR reaches and sustains its maximum earlier during mixing-controlled combustion, and fuel consumption is enhanced during afterburning. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobashiYoshimitsu en-aut-sei=Kobashi en-aut-mei=Yoshimitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakinoShodai en-aut-sei=Makino en-aut-mei=Shodai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NambaMasakuni en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Masakuni kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsakaKatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Asaka en-aut-mei=Katsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Technical Management Division, Carbon Neutral Technology Department, DAIHATSU INFINEARTH MFG. CO., LTD. kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Technical Management Division, Carbon Neutral Technology Department, DAIHATSU INFINEARTH MFG. CO., LTD. kn-affil= en-keyword=Diesel Engine kn-keyword=Diesel Engine en-keyword=Methanol kn-keyword=Methanol en-keyword=DME kn-keyword=DME en-keyword=Mixing-controlled combustion kn-keyword=Mixing-controlled combustion en-keyword=Oxygenated fuel kn-keyword=Oxygenated fuel END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=747 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Incidence and impact of odontogenic infection-related febrile episodes during perioperative doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide or docetaxel-cyclophosphamide chemotherapy for breast cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide (AC) and docetaxel-cyclophosphamide (TC) are standard perioperative chemotherapy regimens for breast cancer. Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common adverse event, and odontogenic infections may contribute to febrile episodes. This study was performed to investigate the incidence and impact of febrile episodes clinically associated with odontogenic infections during AC and TC chemotherapy.
Methods A total of 408 patients with breast cancer receiving 4 cycles of AC (n = 285) or TC (n = 123) between 2015 and 2020 were included in this single-center retrospective study. Patients recorded daily axillary temperatures and oral symptoms. Dental evaluations were performed when oral infection was suspected. Febrile episodes (≥ 37.5 °C) were assessed, and their clinical association with odontogenic infections was determined based on dental records and the documented clinical course. Relative dose intensity (RDI) was calculated to assess chemotherapy delivery.
Results Overall, 40.2% of patients experienced febrile episodes, and the frequency was higher in the TC group (48.8%) than the AC group (36.5%, P = 0.02). Febrile episodes associated with oral infections occurred in 9.1% of patients, of which 78.4% were clinically associated with odontogenic infections (7.1% of all patients). Most such episodes occurred during the first chemotherapy cycle (79.3%, P < 0.01). Chemotherapy RDI was reduced in three patients with febrile episodes clinically associated with odontogenic infection, but remained ≥ 85%.
Conclusions Febrile episodes clinically associated with odontogenic infections occurred in approximately 7%–8% of patients with breast cancer receiving perioperative AC or TC chemotherapy, predominantly during the first cycle. Odontogenic infections should be considered one possible source of febrile episodes during treatment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SogaYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Soga en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuzakiKumiko en-aut-sei=Matsuzaki en-aut-mei=Kumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakiHirotaka en-aut-sei=Kosaki en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoTomoko en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshitomiAiko en-aut-sei=Yoshitomi en-aut-mei=Aiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajizonoMakoto en-aut-sei=Kajizono en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakitaTakashi en-aut-sei=Makita en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYuta en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienTadahiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoiharaHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Doihara en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Breast cancer kn-keyword=Breast cancer en-keyword=Perioperative chemotherapy kn-keyword=Perioperative chemotherapy en-keyword=Odontogenic infection kn-keyword=Odontogenic infection en-keyword=Oral infection kn-keyword=Oral infection en-keyword=Febrile episodes kn-keyword=Febrile episodes en-keyword=Relative dose intensity kn-keyword=Relative dose intensity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1875734 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260703 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Quantitative resistance to Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 develops independently in leaves and roots of Brachypodium distachyon en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne phytopathogen with a broad host range, classified into multiple anastomosis groups (AGs). While the rice sheath blight pathogen AG-1 IA is well-studied, defense mechanisms against AG-4, which infects diverse monocots and dicots, remain unclear. Here, we screened 153 Brachypodium distachyon accessions for resistance to AG-4 HG-I+II using both leaf and soil inoculation assays. The accessions exhibited a quantitative resistance spectrum in both assays. Some accessions were resistant to both methods, while others showed resistance in only one, indicating that leaf and root defenses operate independently. Unlike the salicylic acid (SA)-dependent resistance observed in several accessions against AG-1 IA, AG-4 leaf resistance appears to be largely SA-independent. Among 22 resistant accessions, only eight induced the SA marker BdWRKY38, whereas twelve induced the jasmonic acid (JA) marker BdAOS. Additionally, resistance in Bd3–1 was unaffected by expression of the SA hydroxylase NahG. These results are consistent with previous findings that exogenous application of SA, JA, or ethylene fails to confer AG-4 resistance. Instead, most AG-4-resistant accessions showed common upregulation of cell wall biosynthesis-related genes following leaf infection, suggesting that cell wall fortification may contribute to defense against AG-4. These findings establish B. distachyon as a valuable model for dissecting resistance mechanisms against R. solani AG-4. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FernandaRozi en-aut-sei=Fernanda en-aut-mei=Rozi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MahadevanNiranjan en-aut-sei=Mahadevan en-aut-mei=Niranjan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KohnoNatsuka en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Natsuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoReiko en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Reiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMegumi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataNanami en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiHidenori en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KouzaiYusuke en-aut-sei=Kouzai en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MochidaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Mochida en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoutoshiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Noutoshi en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Crop Stress Management Group, Division of Plant Molecular Regulation Research, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO) kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Brachypodium distachyon kn-keyword=Brachypodium distachyon en-keyword=cell wall fortification kn-keyword=cell wall fortification en-keyword=phytohormone kn-keyword=phytohormone en-keyword=quantitative resistance kn-keyword=quantitative resistance en-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani kn-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani en-keyword=root infection kn-keyword=root infection END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=400 end-page=408 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Outcomes following the discontinuation of biologic therapy in patients with severe asthma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Biologic therapies are pivotal in managing severe asthma. Despite their efficacy, some patients discontinue biologics, with varying outcomes. Predictors of successful versus unsuccessful discontinuation remain poorly defined. This study aimed to identify clinical factors associated with post-discontinuation outcomes in a real-world practice.
Methods: This retrospective cohort included adults with severe asthma who had received biologics for at least 12 months and subsequently discontinued therapy for a minimum of three consecutive months. We assessed the effects of baseline blood eosinophilia (≥300 cells/μL), residual sputum symptoms during biologic therapy, treatment responsiveness, biologic class, and discontinuation reasons on post-discontinuation asthma exacerbation rates using multivariable Cox models.
Results: A total of 118 patients were analyzed. The Kaplan–Meier analysis estimated a 65 % exacerbation-free probability at 12 months after discontinuation. Factors associated with successful discontinuation included a robust clinical response and absence of exacerbations before cessation. Conversely, baseline eosinophilia, residual sputum symptoms during biologics, and discontinuation due to inadequate therapeutic response or financial burden were associated with post-discontinuation exacerbations. In class-stratified restricted models, persistent sputum remained significantly associated with post-discontinuation exacerbations after stopping anti-IL-5 therapies, while baseline eosinophilia was associated with post-discontinuation exacerbations after stopping anti-IgE or anti-IL-4Rα. Among patients with sputum symptoms or poor-response discontinuation, the overall frequency of exacerbations declined after discontinuation.
Conclusions: Baseline eosinophilia, persistent sputum during therapy, and discontinuation prompted by poor response or cost may serve as risk factors for post-discontinuation exacerbations; however, risk is phenotype- and class-dependent. Careful patient selection and monitoring are essential when considering the discontinuation of biologic treatment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NagasakiTadao en-aut-sei=Nagasaki en-aut-mei=Tadao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoHisako en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Hisako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwanagaTakashi en-aut-sei=Iwanaga en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsunagaKazuto en-aut-sei=Matsunaga en-aut-mei=Kazuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekiyaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Sekiya en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaTomoya en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuraiShogo en-aut-sei=Sakurai en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaNorihiro en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Norihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyaToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Koya en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukunagaKoichi en-aut-sei=Fukunaga en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanekoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaiKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Asai en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomaseYuko en-aut-sei=Komase en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=GonYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Gon en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaAkihiko en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=SagaraHironori en-aut-sei=Sagara en-aut-mei=Hironori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunadomeHironobu en-aut-sei=Sunadome en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraYoichi en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiimiAkio en-aut-sei=Niimi en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=HattoriNoboru en-aut-sei=Hattori en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=HajiroTakashi en-aut-sei=Hajiro en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoHajime en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=HojoMasayuki en-aut-sei=Hojo en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaharaNobuaki en-aut-sei=Miyahara en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiMasafumi en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiKimiko en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Kimiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoAkiko en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraguchiRyuta en-aut-sei=Haraguchi en-aut-mei=Ryuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakiMasato en-aut-sei=Muraki en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=TohdaYuji en-aut-sei=Tohda en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University Nara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University, School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, St.Marianna University School of Medicine, Yokohama Seibu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Showa Medical University, School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Showa Medical University, School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Medical Center for Allergic and Immune Diseases, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tenri Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University Nara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=Adult asthma kn-keyword=Adult asthma en-keyword=Biologics kn-keyword=Biologics en-keyword=Discontinuation kn-keyword=Discontinuation en-keyword=Exacerbation kn-keyword=Exacerbation en-keyword=Severe asthma kn-keyword=Severe asthma END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Oral health care during pregnancy to prevent preterm birth and low birth weight: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Periodontal disease during pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW). However, most previous interventional studies have reported that scaling and root planing (SRP), a form of basic periodontal treatment, is insufficient to effectively prevent PTB and LBW. Recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that combining SRP with routine use of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) mouthwash may reduce the risk of these adverse birth outcomes by approximately half. This study will be among the first randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the potential synergistic effects of this combined approach on improving birth outcomes.
Methods This multi-center, three-arm RCT will be conducted at two hospitals in Dhaka and Bogura, Bangladesh, between April 2025 and September 2026. A total of 480 pregnant women less than 20 weeks’ gestation attending antenatal checkups will be recruited. Participants diagnosed with periodontal disease will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a positive control group. Participants without periodontal disease will be assigned to a negative control group. The intervention consists of SRP combined with continued use of CHG mouthwash throughout pregnancy. The primary outcome will be the rate of PTB. Secondary outcomes include the birth weight of the newborn baby, maternal periodontal status, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Effectiveness will be assessed by comparing outcomes across the study groups.
Discussion The oral health intervention is expected to improve both birth outcomes and maternal oral health. Demonstrating its effectiveness in a real-world setting may support the integration of oral health care into broader maternal, neonatal, and child health strategies, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry. UMIN000057519. Registered on April 4, 2025. https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000065719. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasuokaJunko en-aut-sei=Yasuoka en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYohei en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AlamProdhan MD Rubayet en-aut-sei=Alam en-aut-mei=Prodhan MD Rubayet kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibanumaAkira en-aut-sei=Shibanuma en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NanishiKeiko en-aut-sei=Nanishi en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYoko en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HossainMd. Zahid en-aut-sei=Hossain en-aut-mei=Md. Zahid kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmanMusfiqa en-aut-sei=Aman en-aut-mei=Musfiqa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KarimFahmida en-aut-sei=Karim en-aut-mei=Fahmida kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaziaSultana en-aut-sei=Razia en-aut-mei=Sultana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=RezwanaRifat en-aut-sei=Rezwana en-aut-mei=Rifat kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=RahmanMd Mahmudur en-aut-sei=Rahman en-aut-mei=Md Mahmudur kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=Jahan KhanNusrat en-aut-sei=Jahan Khan en-aut-mei=Nusrat kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaNaoki en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=IslamRafiqul en-aut-sei=Islam en-aut-mei=Rafiqul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiKimiyo en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Kimiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Global Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke’s International University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Dental Unit, TMSS Medical College & Rafatullah Community Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Community and Global Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Office of International Academic Affairs, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Periodontology and Oral Pathology, Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Periodontology, Dental Unit, TMSS Medical College & Rafatullah Community Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, TMSS Medical College & Rafatullah Community Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Division of Oral Health, Brain Health and Total Health, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Global Communication Center, Grameen Communications kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Global Communication Center, Grameen Communications kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Medical Informatics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Division of Healthcare Digital Transformation, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Research Promotion, Institute for Asian and Oceanian Studies, Kyushu University kn-affil= en-keyword=Preterm birth kn-keyword=Preterm birth en-keyword=Low birth weight kn-keyword=Low birth weight en-keyword=Oral health kn-keyword=Oral health en-keyword=Periodontal treatment kn-keyword=Periodontal treatment en-keyword=Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash kn-keyword=Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash en-keyword=Randomized controlled trial kn-keyword=Randomized controlled trial en-keyword=Bangladesh kn-keyword=Bangladesh END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260707 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Sex differences and contest experience shape walking patterns in the broad-horned flour beetle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Animal movement patterns vary widely across species, and sex differences are often expected because males typically need to encounter multiple females and acquire resources. In species where males engage in male–male combat using exaggerated weapons, variation in weapon size and contest outcomes is known to influence male reproductive strategies, and may therefore also affect movement behavior. However, sex-specific and male-specific differences in locomotor behavior, particularly in relation to weapon size and social interactions, remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated walking trajectories in the broad-horned flour beetle (Gnatocerus cornutus) to test for (1) sex differences, (2) associations between male weapon size and movement behavior, and (3) the effects of male–male combat. Males exhibited more tortuous and localized movement, whereas females showed straighter and more spatially extensive trajectories. Following contests, all males showed a reduction in activity regardless of contest outcome; however, winners and losers exhibited divergent changes in movement patterns, with winners showing straighter and more spatially extensive trajectories and losers showing more tortuous and localized trajectories. In contrast, body-size-corrected weapon size was not associated with any aspect of walking behavior. These results indicate that locomotor behavior in G. cornutus varies with sex and contest experience, and that variation in walking behavior is more closely associated with social experience than with weapon morphology. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumuraKentarou en-aut-sei=Matsumura en-aut-mei=Kentarou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashiokaSora en-aut-sei=Hashioka en-aut-mei=Sora kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagayaNaohisa en-aut-sei=Nagaya en-aut-mei=Naohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyatakeTakahisa en-aut-sei=Miyatake en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Kyoto Sangyo University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental Engineering, University of Kitakyushu, kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Turning angle kn-keyword=Turning angle en-keyword= Acceleration kn-keyword= Acceleration en-keyword=Male-male combat kn-keyword=Male-male combat en-keyword=Weapon kn-keyword=Weapon en-keyword=ANTAM kn-keyword=ANTAM END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=14 article-no= start-page=e2026GL121981 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260710 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Calcium Solubility of Bridgmanite in Subducted Basalt in Earth's Lower Mantle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The calcium solubility in bridgmanite and the resulting abundance of davemaoite under lower-mantle pressure-temperature conditions have been under debate following a recent report of extensive calcium dissolution in bridgmanite. We experimentally investigated the calcium solubility in bridgmanite in a basaltic composition at pressures up to 125 GPa and temperatures up to 3,520 K. Our experimental data are modeled thermodynamically along the bridgmanite-davemaoite solvus to quantify the calcium solubility in bridgmanite and the davemaoite proportion in basaltic and pyrolitic assemblages along lower mantle geotherms. Our results indicate that bridgmanite hosts only 0.001–0.03 Ca cations per formula unit in the lower mantle, while davemaoite remains as an abundant mineral, accounting for 8 and 25 vol% of pyrolitic and basaltic mineralogical models, respectively, along representative lower-mantle geotherms. Our thermoelastic modeling further indicates that the effect of calcium dissolution on the density and bulk sound velocity of lower-mantle assemblages is negligible. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhangChengwei en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Chengwei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=El GhazaouiElias en-aut-sei=El Ghazaoui en-aut-mei=Elias kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=CharitonStella en-aut-sei=Chariton en-aut-mei=Stella kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=PrakapenkaVitali B. en-aut-sei=Prakapenka en-aut-mei=Vitali B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiLuo en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Luo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangYanyao en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Yanyao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=LinJung‐Fu en-aut-sei=Lin en-aut-mei=Jung‐Fu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences The University of Texas at Austin kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences The University of Texas at Austin kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Earth and Planetary Sciences, Stanford University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences The University of Texas at Austin kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260722 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Visualizing University Library Structures through a Library Schema: A Conceptual Framework for Knowledge Creation in Academic Libraries kn-title=ライブラリ・スキーマによる大学図書館構造の可視化と知識創造 ―共有認知の形成に基づく研究枠組みの構築― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　This study proposes a theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between the structural representation of university libraries and knowledge creation. In recent years, university libraries have experienced significant transformations due to the digitization of scholarly information, the expansion of research data management, and the increasing importance of learning support services. As their functions diversify, it has become increasingly difficult to comprehensively understand the structure and roles of university libraries.
　To address this issue, this study focuses on the concept of a library schema, which represents the structural relationships among the elements that constitute a library, including people, resources, services, and activities. While previous research has discussed methods for organizing library components, little attention has been paid to how structural understanding of libraries contributes to knowledge creation and service value.
　Drawing on schema theory, shared cognition in organizational studies, and the knowledge creation theory of Nonaka and Takeuchi, this study constructs a conceptual framework linking library schema visualization, shared cognition, interaction, knowledge creation processes, and library service value. The framework proposes that visualization of library structure through a library schema promotes shared cognition among librarians and users, which in turn facilitates interactions that activate knowledge creation processes. These processes ultimately contribute to the creation of library service value that supports learning and research activities.
　Furthermore, the framework introduces two moderating factors: schema representation methods and operational constraints of library management. Based on this framework, six research propositions are presented.
　By integrating concepts from library and information science with knowledge management theory, this study contributes to the theoretical understanding of university libraries as knowledge infrastructures and provides a foundation for future empirical research on knowledge creation in library environments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobayashiKensuke en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name=小林健輔 kn-aut-sei=小林 kn-aut-mei=健輔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiSatoru en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name=宮崎悟 kn-aut-sei=宮崎 kn-aut-mei=悟 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学研究・イノベーション共創機構 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院社会文化科学学域 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=107 end-page=115 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Full-endoscopic Laminotomy Is Effective for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis with Low-grade Spondylolisthesis: A Comparative Cohort Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The optimal management of lumbar spinal canal stenosis with spondylolisthesremains controversial, particularly when choosing between decompression alone or decompression with fusion. Current evidence is based on conventional open or endoscopy-assisted surgeries, with limited data on full-endoscopic decompression. This study aimed to assess the impact of spondylolisthesis on outcomes after full-endoscopic laminotomy by evaluating back pain-related disability scores in patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis, with and without spondylolisthesis. A retrospective analysis was conducted at Iwai Orthopaedic Hospital, Japan. Patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis who underwent full-endoscopic laminotomy between January 2021 and December 2022 were included and categorized into those without spondylolisthesis and those with spondylolisthesis. Postoperative Oswestry Disability Index scores at 2 years were compared in the groups using multivariable linear regression, adjusting for confounding factors. Exploratory analyses were also conducted to identify factors affecting the Oswestry Disability Index in the patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis with spondylolisthesis group. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The study included 80 patients, with 40 in each group. Both groups showed improved postoperative Oswestry Disability Index. There was no significant association between spondylolisthesis and postoperative Oswestry Disability Index. However, cauda equina redundancy negatively affected postoperative Oswestry Disability Index improvement in the patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis with spondylolisthesis group. Full-endoscopic laminotomy is an effective surgical option for lumbar spinal canal stenosis, leading to significant alleviation of disability and improvements in quality of life, regardless of spondylolisthesis. Full-endoscopic laminotomy may offer similar functional improvements regardless of the presence of low-grade spondylolisthesis, supporting its role as a less invasive alternative to fusion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KINKyohei en-aut-sei=KIN en-aut-mei=Kyohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TOMINAGARyoji en-aut-sei=TOMINAGA en-aut-mei=Ryoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TAKEBAYASHIKento en-aut-sei=TAKEBAYASHI en-aut-mei=Kento kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IWAIHiroki en-aut-sei=IWAI en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=INANAMIHirohiko en-aut-sei=INANAMI en-aut-mei=Hirohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KOGAHisashi en-aut-sei=KOGA en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedics, Iwai Orthopaedic Medical Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedics, Iwai Orthopaedic Medical Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedics, Iwai Orthopaedic Medical Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedics, Iwai Orthopaedic Medical Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=full-endoscopic spine surgery kn-keyword=full-endoscopic spine surgery en-keyword=spondylolisthesis kn-keyword=spondylolisthesis en-keyword=full-endoscopic laminotomy kn-keyword=full-endoscopic laminotomy en-keyword=minimally invasive kn-keyword=minimally invasive en-keyword=lumbar spinal canal stenosis kn-keyword=lumbar spinal canal stenosis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=823 end-page=827 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260215 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Global trends in sarcoidosis-associated mortality, 2001–2023: insights from the World Health Organization mortality database en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaradaKo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiMariko en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakoNanami en-aut-sei=Sako en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=VuQuynh Thi en-aut-sei=Vu en-aut-mei=Quynh Thi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=BelangoyKeith Pardillada en-aut-sei=Belangoy en-aut-mei=Keith Pardillada kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OuddoudHanane en-aut-sei=Ouddoud en-aut-mei=Hanane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaTatsuaki en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Tatsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Education and Research Centre for Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=114 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=486 end-page=489 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260304 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Case of Heavy Paragonimiasis Involving a Multi-Organ Presentation with Hypereosinophilia and Hepatic Migration en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Paragonimiasis is a parasitic disease caused by the genus Paragonimus, typically transmitted through the ingestion of raw or undercooked freshwater crabs. Although pulmonary involvement is typical, ectopic migration to subcutaneous or hepatic sites is rare and poses diagnostic challenges. A case of paragonimiasis in a 29-year-old Cambodian woman residing in Japan who presented with painless subcutaneous nodules on the chest and abdomen is reported in the current study. She had consumed raw crab 4 months before presentation. Laboratory findings revealed marked eosinophilia (21,000/µL) and elevated immunoglobulin E (5,049 IU/mL). Computed tomography scans revealed pleural effusion, club-shaped pulmonary consolidation, funicular hypodense lesions in the liver, and subcutaneous lesions. Stool and sputum test results were negative for parasite eggs; however, a microplate ELISA indicated a Paragonimus westermani infection. The patient responded well to 3 consecutive days of praziquantel (75 mg/kg/day) and was discharged a week later. This case highlights the importance of considering paragonimiasis in patients with unexplained subcutaneous nodules and eosinophilia, especially when supported by dietary risk factors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkazawaHidemasa en-aut-sei=Akazawa en-aut-mei=Hidemasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaShinnosuke en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamotoKenta en-aut-sei=Nakamoto en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguniKohei en-aut-sei=Oguni en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ManabeYohei en-aut-sei=Manabe en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Kokubo-TanakaMio en-aut-sei=Kokubo-Tanaka en-aut-mei=Mio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaHaruhiko en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Haruhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=1520 end-page=1523 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Endotracheal and Endobronchial Metastases in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Exon 19 Deletion Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Successfully Managed with Bronchoscopic Therapy and Sequential Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Endotracheal and endobronchial metastases from peripheral lung adenocarcinoma are rare, and optimal clinical management remains unclear. We herein report a 60-year-old woman with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletion-positive early-stage lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical resection followed by osimertinib treatment for recurrence. She later developed oligoprogressive disease with airway metastases. Bronchoscopic tumor removal was performed, and next-generation sequencing of the resected specimen revealed an acquired EGFR C797S mutation, along with exon 19 deletion. Gefitinib treatment was initiated, which led to a partial response. This case underscores the utility of repeated molecular profiling and local intervention in managing acquired resistance in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiwaraMiho en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Miho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BabaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Baba en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKotaro en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraEri en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Eri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeguchiTetsuya en-aut-sei=Takeguchi en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakigawaYuki en-aut-sei=Takigawa en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaAyako en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraNaofumi en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Naofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHiromi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Kiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaiKammei en-aut-sei=Rai en-aut-mei=Kammei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoKen en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoGo en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=EGFR C797S kn-keyword=EGFR C797S en-keyword=EGFR exon 19 deletion kn-keyword=EGFR exon 19 deletion en-keyword=endotracheal metastasis kn-keyword=endotracheal metastasis en-keyword=lung adenocarcinoma kn-keyword=lung adenocarcinoma en-keyword=TBLC kn-keyword=TBLC END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=105422 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathological features of residual head and neck cancer after near-infrared photoimmunotherapy: implications of an unfavorable tumor immune microenvironment en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy has been approved in Japan for unresectable locally advanced or recurrent head and neck cancer. While this therapy theoretically induces selective necrosis of epidermal growth factor receptor-expressing tumor cells following administration of cetuximab sarotalocan sodium and irradiation with 690-nm light, residual disease is not uncommon in clinical practice. The mechanisms underlying such persistence remain poorly understood.
Methods: We examined two patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who underwent salvage resection due to residual disease after four cycles of near-infrared photoimmunotherapy. Resected specimens were subjected to histopathological evaluation, including immunohistochemistry for epidermal growth factor receptor, cluster of differentiation 8, programmed cell death protein 1, and forkhead box P3 proteins.
Results: In both cases, residual tumor cells were predominantly localized in the superficial mucosal layers, while deeper layers were replaced by fibrosis. All residual tumors retained expression of epidermal growth factor receptor. Lymphocytic infiltration was sparse, with scattered cluster of differentiation 8-positive cells but few programmed cell death protein 1-positive or forkhead box P3-positive lymphocytes. These findings suggest that the tumor microenvironment surrounding residual tumors may have been unfavorable for the induction of robust antitumor immune responses.
Conclusion: Residual tumors after near-infrared photoimmunotherapy can occur despite adequate laser irradiation and epidermal growth factor receptor expression. Our observations imply that insufficient immune activation within the tumor microenvironment may contribute to treatment resistance. Further characterization of the post-photoimmunotherapy tumor microenvironment will be essential to better understand treatment mechanisms and to optimize therapeutic efficacy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MakinoTakuma en-aut-sei=Makino en-aut-mei=Takuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYasuharu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishikoriAsami en-aut-sei=Nishikori en-aut-mei=Asami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaoiYuto en-aut-sei=Naoi en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMizuo en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Mizuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=NIR-PIT kn-keyword=NIR-PIT en-keyword=EGFR kn-keyword=EGFR en-keyword=CD8 kn-keyword=CD8 en-keyword=PD-1 kn-keyword=PD-1 en-keyword=FOXP3 kn-keyword=FOXP3 en-keyword=Tumor microenvironment kn-keyword=Tumor microenvironment en-keyword=Photoimmunotherapy kn-keyword=Photoimmunotherapy en-keyword=Head and neck cancer kn-keyword=Head and neck cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=112 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=104642 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Relationship between the Hounsfield Unit value of the greater trochanter and the risk of greater trochanteric fractures in anterolateral muscle-sparing minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: No previous studies have investigated the association between the risk of greater trochanteric fractures and the Hounsfield Unit (HU) of the greater trochanter in muscle-sparing minimally invasive total hip arthroplasty (MIS-THA). This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for greater trochanteric fractures in anterolateral MIS-THA.
Hypothesis: Lower HU values of the greater trochanter are associated with a higher risk of intraoperative and early postoperative greater trochanteric fractures.
Patients and methods: This single-center retrospective observational study included 223 patients (257 hips) who underwent primary THA for osteoarthritis or osteonecrosis between January 2010 and August 2024 using a minimally invasive anterolateral approach in the lateral position. All surgeries were performed by four surgeons. Preoperative CT was used to reconstruct coronal sections including the femoral head center and proximal femoral axis, and cancellous HU values of the greater trochanter were measured. Postoperative CT (1 week) with metal artifact reduction was routinely performed; fractures were defined as cortical fracture lines on 3D-reconstructed CT and assessed by two independent orthopedic surgeons. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of fractures.
Results: The incidence of greater trochanteric fractures was 6.6% (17/257 hips). Twelve of these fractures (70.6%) were recognized intraoperatively or immediately postoperatively. Full hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated stems were associated with an increased fracture risk compared with other designs (relative risk [RR], 2.68; 95% CI, 1.07–6.68). Age, sex, BMI, ASA physical status, and diagnosis were not significantly associated with fractures. Multivariate analysis identified lower HU values (odds ratio [OR], 0.973; p < 0.0001) and full HA-coated stems (OR, 13.3; p = 0.04) as independent predictors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis determined an optimal cut-off of 72.0 HU (sensitivity, 0.941; specificity, 0.742), with a value ≤72.0 HU demonstrating high predictive power (RR, 36.7; p < 0.0001).
Conclusion: Preoperative measurement of HU values in the greater trochanter is a useful screening tool for identifying patients at increased risk of fractures in anterolateral MIS-THA. While an HU value of ≤ 72.0 necessitates careful intraoperative management and increased vigilance, it should be interpreted as an indicator of risk rather than a definitive predictor of fracture due to its moderate specificity.
Level of evidence: IV; retrospective study. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkudaRyuichiro en-aut-sei=Okuda en-aut-mei=Ryuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomonori en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKazuki en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomoko en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueTomohiro en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasadaYasutaka en-aut-sei=Masada en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoShin en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Periprosthetic fracture kn-keyword=Periprosthetic fracture en-keyword=Anterolateral approach kn-keyword=Anterolateral approach en-keyword=Direct anterior approach kn-keyword=Direct anterior approach en-keyword=Bone density kn-keyword=Bone density en-keyword=Hip prosthesis kn-keyword=Hip prosthesis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=16760 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260409 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Asthma-like bronchodilator responsiveness in patients with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by the presence of intranuclear inclusions in neuronal and visceral cells. Patients with NIID can present respiratory symptoms; however, data on pulmonary functions in NIID are lacking. This study investigated the respiratory conditions in NIID patients diagnosed with histopathological and genetic studies. We conducted two spirometries before and after administrating the bronchodilator in NIID patients with asthmatic histories or symptoms. We statistically compared pre- and post-measured values including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Before two spirometries, we also measured fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), if possible. Of the 51finally enrolled patients, 17 (33.3%, 95% CI 20.8% to 47.9%) patients had asthmatic histories or symptoms, and 14 patients received two spirometries. After administrating the bronchodilator, FEV1 and PEF significantly increased by 150 mL (6.01%, p = 0.002) and 260 mL/s (6.72%, p = 0.017), respectively. The median (interquartile range) of FeNO measured in nine patients was 15 (10–21) ppb. Patients with NIID have airflow reversibility like asthma. This condition appears to be less associated with airway inflammation and may be related to autonomic dysfunction. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaharaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Tahara en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaharaNao en-aut-sei=Tahara en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamaiChisato en-aut-sei=Tamai en-aut-mei=Chisato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiAkio en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=RikuYuichi en-aut-sei=Riku en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaharaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Miyahara en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiRei en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Rei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHisashi en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamotoMichi en-aut-sei=Kawamoto en-aut-mei=Michi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiJunko en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiHiroki en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurashigeTakashi en-aut-sei=Kurashige en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiyamaAtsuhiko en-aut-sei=Sugiyama en-aut-mei=Atsuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaishiAkiko en-aut-sei=Nagaishi en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaKatsuya en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugieKazuma en-aut-sei=Sugie en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudomeTakayasu en-aut-sei=Fukudome en-aut-mei=Takayasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaKazuko en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Kazuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiuraHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Ishiura en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoikeHaruki en-aut-sei=Koike en-aut-mei=Haruki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=KasaiTakashi en-aut-sei=Kasai en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizunoToshiki en-aut-sei=Mizuno en-aut-mei=Toshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMasahiro en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiguchiYujiro en-aut-sei=Higuchi en-aut-mei=Yujiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaFumiaki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Fumiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=IzumiYuishin en-aut-sei=Izumi en-aut-mei=Yuishin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=SobueGen en-aut-sei=Sobue en-aut-mei=Gen kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasakiYasushi en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoSatoru en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoneJun en-aut-sei=Sone en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Neurology, NHO Nagoya Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Science kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Neurology, NHO Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Chiba University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Neurology, NHO Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Neurology, NHO Hyogo Chuo National Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Neurology, NHO Nagasaki Kawatana Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Neurology, NHO Sagamihara National Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Saga University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Science kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University kn-affil= en-keyword=Asthma kn-keyword=Asthma en-keyword=Autonomic dysfunction kn-keyword=Autonomic dysfunction en-keyword=Cough kn-keyword=Cough en-keyword=Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease kn-keyword=Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease en-keyword=NOTCH2NLC kn-keyword=NOTCH2NLC en-keyword=Pulmonary function kn-keyword=Pulmonary function END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1050 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260423 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Differences in understanding of explanations and risk perception between dental staff and patients: a questionnaire study at a university hospital en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background and purpose: Proper self-care necessitates behavioral changes, underpinned by correct knowledge. Oral health literacy (OHL) research constitutes a fundamental foundation for fostering effective self-care practices. However, the extent of the awareness gap between patients and dental staff regarding explanations provided during treatment remains unknown. This descriptive study was conducted to serve as an initial step in bridging this gap.
Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to 92 dental staff members and 205 patients at university hospitals, with responses from 72 staff members and 157 patients.
Results: In the category assessing understanding of explanations (patient vs. dental staff), patients’ self-assessed understanding exceeded the dental staff’s estimates in three aspects: disease name (p = 0.03, r = 0.17), treatment period (p = 0.01, r = 0.21), and pain relief (p = 0.01, r = 0.19). Regarding health self-awareness, the high-scoring group significantly outperformed the low-scoring group in explaining treatment risks (p = 0.03, r = 0.21) and understanding (p = 0.01, r = 0.23). Nevertheless, patients’ risk recognition was higher than that of dental staff in three aspects: root canal treatment (p < 0.01, r = 0.23), holes in the teeth (p < 0.01, r = 0.24), and bleeding during toothbrushing (p = 0.02, r = 0.17). Questions on “crack” (p = 0.02, r = 0.21) by sex, holes in one’s own teeth (p = 0.05, r = 0.03), and feeling one’s own teeth wobble (p < 0.01, r = 0.07) in the intergenerational comparison showed significant differences.
Conclusion: Dental staff should not be satisfied merely with having "explained" something to the patient; they must engage in a confirmation process to verify the patient's correct understanding of the information or to identify excessive anxiety. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtomoShiho en-aut-sei=Otomo en-aut-mei=Shiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisakiMaoko en-aut-sei=Fujisaki en-aut-mei=Maoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagaseRisako en-aut-sei=Yanagase en-aut-mei=Risako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoritakeKanako en-aut-sei=Noritake en-aut-mei=Kanako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Yanagi en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaTaro en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Taro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Environment and Society, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Environment and Society, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Environment and Society, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Environment and Society, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= en-keyword=Dental care kn-keyword=Dental care en-keyword=Dentist-patient relations kn-keyword=Dentist-patient relations en-keyword=Recognition gaps kn-keyword=Recognition gaps en-keyword=Oral health literacy kn-keyword=Oral health literacy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2026 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=2879891 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Rare Case of Hyperplastic Dental Follicle Presenting With an Unusually Large Radiolucent Area en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hyperplastic dental follicle (HDF) is a rare odontogenic hamartomatous lesion typically associated with unerupted teeth in children and adolescents and is often found incidentally on radiographic imaging. HDF usually presents as a pericoronal radiolucency of 2–3 mm in diameter and is commonly difficult to distinguish from dentigerous cysts on radiographs. We report an unusual case of HDF in an 11-year-old male who was referred for evaluation of delayed eruption of the left maxillary canine. Panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed a remarkably large radiolucent area, with a maximum dimension of 25.3 mm. The initial clinical diagnosis was a dentigerous cyst; however, incisional biopsy revealed solid tissue characteristics, and histopathological examination confirmed HDF, with no evidence of cystic lining, neoplastic transformation, or inflammation. Following the patient′s and parents′ preference for complete removal, resection of the lesion together with extraction of the impacted canine was performed under general anesthesia. At the 6-month follow-up, no recurrence was observed and bone regeneration was confirmed on radiographic examination. This case underscores the diagnostic challenge posed by atypical radiographic findings and highlights the necessity of histopathological confirmation. Given the exceptional size and potential for recurrence, long-term follow-up is warranted. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsukiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Otsuki en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunisadaYuki en-aut-sei=Kunisada en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadoyaKoichi en-aut-sei=Kadoya en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiChizuru en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Chizuru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoKeisuke en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawazuToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kawazu en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=case report kn-keyword=case report en-keyword=hyperplastic dental follicle kn-keyword=hyperplastic dental follicle en-keyword=large radiolucent lesion kn-keyword=large radiolucent lesion en-keyword=odontogenic hamartoma kn-keyword=odontogenic hamartoma en-keyword=unerupted tooth kn-keyword=unerupted tooth END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=pcag056 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260428 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=NIMA-related kinases redundantly regulate vegetative and reproductive development in Arabidopsis thaliana en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Never-in-mitosis A-related kinases (NEKs) are conserved protein kinases in eukaryotes that regulate cell division and elongation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, NEK6 has been shown to control anisotropic growth through cortical microtubule depolymerization, but the functions of other NEK family members remain largely unknown. Here, we show that Arabidopsis NEKs redundantly regulate organ growth and flowering through phosphorylation-dependent mechanisms. Expression analyses revealed overlapping promoter activities of NEK genes in meristems, vascular tissues, and floral organs. While most single mutants showed no obvious phenotype, multiple mutants exhibited defects in root growth direction, leaf elongation, vascular formation, and floral transition. Biochemical analysis showed that NEK3 and NEK6 phosphorylate both β-tubulin and γ-tubulin, indicating a conserved role in microtubule regulation. In addition, several NEKs interacted with the florigen FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), and NEK3 phosphorylated FT in vitro and inhibited the FT–FD interaction in transient assays, suggesting a role in flowering regulation. These findings show that Arabidopsis NEKs redundantly coordinate vegetative and reproductive development through phosphorylation-dependent regulation of microtubules and the flowering pathway. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakataniShogo en-aut-sei=Takatani en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanazawaMai en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Mai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoKotaro en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomitaYuki en-aut-sei=Tomita en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamotoNozomi en-aut-sei=Kawamoto en-aut-mei=Nozomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiTatsuya en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiTakashi en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotoseHiroyasu en-aut-sei=Motose en-aut-mei=Hiroyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Arabidopsis thaliana kn-keyword=Arabidopsis thaliana en-keyword=flowering kn-keyword=flowering en-keyword=FLOWERING LOCUS T kn-keyword=FLOWERING LOCUS T en-keyword=NIMA-related kinase kn-keyword=NIMA-related kinase en-keyword=organ development kn-keyword=organ development en-keyword=tubulin kn-keyword=tubulin END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=105 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=105 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260509 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=WT1 mRNA in peripheral blood enables early prognostic stratification in AML patients receiving venetoclax and azacitidine therapy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Venetoclax and azacitidine (VEN/AZA), which target BCL-2 and DNA methylation, have demonstrated substantial efficacy, particularly in older or unfit patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Wilms’ Tumor-1 (WT1) mRNA, measurable in peripheral blood (PB), is an established biomarker for monitoring treatment response and predicting AML prognosis. We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with AML treated with VEN/AZA within the Okayama Hematology Study Group (OHSG). Patients who showed a marked reduction in PB WT1 mRNA levels from baseline after the first or second treatment cycle had significantly improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Moreover, achieving PB WT1 mRNA negativity-regardless of whether this occurred early or later in the therapy།was consistently associated with superior OS and PFS. These findings suggest that PB WT1 mRNA is a sensitive and reliable biomarker for predicting treatment response and long-term outcomes in patients with AML receiving VEN/AZA. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugiuraHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Sugiura en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanoTakeru en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Takeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramatsuYasushi en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UrataTomohiro en-aut-sei=Urata en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiToshi en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Toshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraMakoto en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaTatsunori en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Tatsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakitaMasanori en-aut-sei=Makita en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaTakanori en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunamiKazutaka en-aut-sei=Sunami en-aut-mei=Kazutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaekiKyosuke en-aut-sei=Saeki en-aut-mei=Kyosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=NawaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Nawa en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraMaiko en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Maiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiMakoto en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeMasaya en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsakuraShoji en-aut-sei=Asakura en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoTomofumi en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Tomofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Chugoku Central Hospital of Japan Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Chugoku Central Hospital of Japan Mutual Aid Association of Public School Teachers kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hematology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=WT1 mRNA kn-keyword=WT1 mRNA en-keyword=Acute myeloid leukemia kn-keyword=Acute myeloid leukemia en-keyword=Venetoclax kn-keyword=Venetoclax en-keyword=Azacitidine kn-keyword=Azacitidine en-keyword=Measurable residual disease kn-keyword=Measurable residual disease END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=225 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=111049 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Decline in rescue breathing and its impact on outcomes in pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to drowning: a nationwide study, 2012–2023 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Rescue breathing is considered essential in pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) due to drowning, a type of asphyxial arrest where hypoxia precedes circulatory collapse. However, the increasing promotion of compression-only CPR (CO-CPR) may have contributed to changes in bystander CPR practices, including a decline in rescue-breathing CPR (RB-CPR). Whether such temporal changes have influenced outcomes in pediatric drowning OHCA remains unclear.
Methods: We analyzed nationwide data from the All-Japan Utstein Registry (2012–2023), including pediatric OHCA patients (≤17 years old) whose arrests were caused by drowning and received bystander CPR from laypersons. Patients were categorized into RB-CPR and CO-CPR groups. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality; secondary outcomes included prehospital absence of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and 30-day unfavorable neurological survival, defined as Cerebral Performance Category score 3–5. We used multivariable Poisson regression to estimate adjusted risk ratio (aRR) and conducted analyses by age and witnessed status.
Results: Among 740 eligible patients, 41.6% received RB-CPR and 58.4% received CO-CPR. The proportion of RB-CPR declined over the study period. CO-CPR was associated with higher 30-day mortality (aRR 1.38, 95% CI 1.14–1.67), higher prehospital absence of ROSC, and worse neurological outcomes compared with RB-CPR. The adverse association of CO-CPR was most pronounced in unwitnessed arrests, where ventilation may be particularly important.
Conclusions: In pediatric drowning OHCA, CO-CPR was associated with worse survival and neurological outcomes than RB-CPR. These findings underscore the necessity for rescue breathing and the importance of ventilation-focused bystander CPR training in pediatric and drowning-related scenarios. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ObaraTakafumi en-aut-sei=Obara en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojimaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Nojima en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaKohei en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HongoTakashi en-aut-sei=Hongo en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Drowning kn-keyword=Drowning en-keyword=Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest kn-keyword=Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest en-keyword=Cardiopulmo naryresuscitation kn-keyword=Cardiopulmo naryresuscitation en-keyword=Child kn-keyword=Child en-keyword=Asphyxia kn-keyword=Asphyxia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=e045149 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260505 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Insomnia and the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide, Real‐World Cohort Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Insomnia is one of the most prevalent diseases observed in clinical practice, contributing to increased death and a range of chronic diseases. While numerous studies have explored the relationship between insomnia and cardiovascular disease, research on its association with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between insomnia and incident AF in the general population by comprehensive, nationwide, real‐world data in Japan.
Methods: A total of 1 780 764 individuals without prior cardiovascular disease including AF from the DeSC database were included between April 2014 and August 2023. Insomnia was defined by International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD‐10) codes (F510, G470) before the baseline health checkup. The primary outcome was incident AF (I480–I482 and I489). Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios of AF according to present insomnia (versus absent).
Results: Insomnia was observed in 216 919 individuals (12.2%), showing a significant association with incident AF after adjusting for potential confounding factors (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.10–1.18]). Among subgroups, a similar pattern in the association between insomnia and incident AF was seen, while the association was stronger in younger individuals aged <65 years (versus ≥65 years) and women (versus men) (P for interaction=0.01 and 0.03, respectively).
Conclusions: Insomnia was significantly associated with the risk of AF. It highlighted the importance of recognizing insomnia as a risk factor for AF, given its high prevalence in the general population and the substantial impact of AF on quality of life and prognosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaTakuro en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Takuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EjiriKentaro en-aut-sei=Ejiri en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanekoHidehiro en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Hidehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiYuta en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiToru en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TayaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Taya en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasakiKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaKoji en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Nishii en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaAkira en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiuKatsuhito en-aut-sei=Fujiu en-aut-mei=Katsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaNorifumi en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Norifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasunagaHideo en-aut-sei=Yasunaga en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaNorihiko en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Norihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Advanced Cardiology, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Prevention of Diabetes and Lifestyle-Related Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=atrial fibrillation kn-keyword=atrial fibrillation en-keyword=insomnia kn-keyword=insomnia en-keyword=risk factors kn-keyword=risk factors en-keyword=sleep apnea syndrome kn-keyword=sleep apnea syndrome en-keyword=sleep disorder kn-keyword=sleep disorder END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Similar functional outcomes but different remodeling patterns: A minimum 5-years radiographic comparison of short fit-and-fill stem and quadrangular taper stem en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: ACTIS and CORAIL are cementless titanium femoral stems with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating but differing macro-geometries: ACTIS features a variable triple-taper with a medial collar, whereas CORAIL is a straight double-tapered design available with or without a collar. We compared mid-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of these stems with a minimum 5-years follow-up.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 114 primary total hip arthroplasties using ACTIS (63 hips) or CORAIL (51 hips). Clinical outcomes and standardized radiographic parameters were assessed and compared between groups.
Results: The canal-fill ratio (CFR) was significantly greater at the proximal, middle, and distal levels in the ACTIS group. Spot-weld formation was more frequent with ACTIS than with CORAIL (58.7% vs 35.3%). In logistic regression, proximal CFR significantly predicted spot-weld formation for ACTIS, with an optimal cutoff of 66.2% (sensitivity 91.9%, specificity 72.0%). Rates of subsidence, radiolucent lines, and pedestal formation did not differ significantly between groups. No severe stress shielding was observed with ACTIS, whereas three CORAIL hips demonstrated severe stress shielding (0% vs 5.9%). Clinical scores improved significantly in both groups, with no significant between-group differences at final follow-up.
Conclusions: Both stems yielded favorable radiographic and clinical mid-term outcomes. In ACTIS, greater proximal canal fill was associated with radiographic osseointegration, suggesting proximal CFR as a probabilistic radiographic marker of stem ingrowth. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasadaYasutaka en-aut-sei=Masada en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomonori en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraKazuo en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKazuki en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueTomohiro en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkudaRyuichiro en-aut-sei=Okuda en-aut-mei=Ryuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomoko en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama City General Medical Center, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for Education in Medicine and Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Section of Medicine, Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=total hip arthroplasty kn-keyword=total hip arthroplasty en-keyword=ACTIS kn-keyword=ACTIS en-keyword=CORAIL kn-keyword=CORAIL en-keyword=mid-term outcome kn-keyword=mid-term outcome en-keyword=retrospective study kn-keyword=retrospective study END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=5862 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260428 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The role of Pth1r in posterior cranium cartilage regulation and craniosynostosis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Craniosynostosis is a major craniofacial congenital disorder that causes developmental complications. During normal cranial development, intramembranous ossification forms the flat bones and sutures, while cartilage appears transiently in the posterior calvarial region. However, in craniosynostosis, premature suture fusion disturbs normal calvarial morphogenesis. To clarify the role of transient cartilage in this morphogenetic disruption, we investigated its molecular regulation and pathology in mice, focusing on parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (Pth1r) signaling. Conditional deletion of Pth1r in the cranial mesenchyme unexpectedly caused acrocephalic dysmorphology and craniosynostosis, with altered cartilage differentiation. Occipito–interparietal synostosis consistently occurred in Pth1r-ablated Gli1+ and Acan+ lineages, but not after adult Gli1-CreERT2 deletion, indicating a developmental role. Bulk and single-cell RNA-seq analysis revealed nine mesenchymal subsets, with mutant cells showing abnormal chondrocyte differentiation and upregulated Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling. These findings indicate that Pth1r maintains proper chondrogenic regulation during calvarial development, and its loss induces craniosynostosis through Ihh overactivation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AmanoKatsuhiko en-aut-sei=Amano en-aut-mei=Katsuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuzakiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Okuzaki en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoYuji en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiuYu-Chen en-aut-sei=Liu en-aut-mei=Yu-Chen kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogoMikihiko en-aut-sei=Kogo en-aut-mei=Mikihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaSeiji en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Genomics), WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, University of Osaka kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Genomics), WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, University of Osaka kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Genomics), WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, University of Osaka kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=ruag033 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Estimating the distributional expansion of the invasive crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) (Decapoda: Astacidea: Cambaridae) in South Korea using environmental DNA analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii (Girard, 1852) is a globally invasive species that poses serious threats to native biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. In South Korea, established populations of P. clarkii have been documented from the Jiseokcheon River in the Yeongsangang River basin since 2018; however, information on its current nationwide distribution remains limited. We conducted environmental DNA (eDNA) surveys at 19 sites across 11 river systems in South Korea, including sites with no prior distributional records, to evaluate the current distribution and potential range expansion of P. clarkii. Water samples collected during July-August 2024 were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) with two species-specific primer-probe sets targeting the mitochondrial COI gene. Procambarus clarkii eDNA was detected at three sites in the Yeongsangang River basin, whereas no eDNA was detected in the other surveyed river systems. Notably, P. clarkii eDNA was not detected at a site in the Mangyeonggang River system despite previous reports of individuals and eDNA data sampled there, indicating a possible local population decline or very low abundance. By contrast, detections within the Yeongsangang River basin, together with elevated eDNA concentrations at some sites, are consistent with localized upstream expansion and increased local abundance. The concordant results from the two primer-probe sets, together with Sterivex-based on-site filtration, support the reliability of the applied eDNA framework. These findings identify the Yeongsangang River basin as the current primary focus of the P. clarkii invasion in South Korea, with evidence consistent with localized upstream expansion and increasing abundance, and provide baseline data for early detection and long-term monitoring, as well as for developing management strategies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamSeong-Nam en-aut-sei=Ham en-aut-mei=Seong-Nam kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriuchiKaito en-aut-sei=Moriuchi en-aut-mei=Kaito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaMayuko en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Mayuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakataKazuyoshi en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Crustacea kn-keyword=Crustacea en-keyword=early detection kn-keyword=early detection en-keyword=eDNA kn-keyword=eDNA en-keyword=freshwater ecosystems kn-keyword=freshwater ecosystems en-keyword=red swamp crayfish kn-keyword=red swamp crayfish END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=hyag102 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260703 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Impact of pre-existing schizophrenia spectrum disorder on the receipt of invasive and systemic therapy for gastric cancer: a multicenter nationwide cohort study in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) experience higher cancer mortality, partly because of later-stage diagnosis and lower rates of recommended treatments. While treatment disparities have been reported across several cancer types, no study has specifically examined stage-appropriate treatment for gastric cancer among patients with SSD.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide Hospital-Based Cancer Registry linked to administrative data in Japan. Patients who received initial treatment for gastric cancer between 2018 and 2021 were included. Multivariable logistic regression models examined the association between SSD and the receipt of stage-appropriate cancer treatments, adjusting for age, sex, clinical stage, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Barthel Index.
Results: Among 189 447 patients from 709 hospitals, 1312 had SSD. Patients with SSD were more likely to be diagnosed at advanced stages. In crude analysis, SSD was associated with lower rates of surgical or endoscopic treatment; however, this association was not statistically significant after adjustment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75–1.08). In contrast, SSD was independently associated with lower rates of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for pathological stage II/III disease (aOR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.45–0.91) and systemic therapy for stage IV disease (aOR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.28–0.47).
Conclusions: Among patients with gastric cancer, SSD was associated with reduced receipt of systemic therapy but not surgical or endoscopic treatment. Efforts to improve early detection among patients with SSD may be important for reducing treatment disparities, alongside strengthened support for systemic therapy to ensure equitable access to guideline-recommended gastric cancer care. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KhantMyo Min en-aut-sei=Khant en-aut-mei=Myo Min kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraMasaki en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaYuto en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTaisuke en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Taisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTomone en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Tomone kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukaoTakashi en-aut-sei=Fukao en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimoriMaiko en-aut-sei=Fujimori en-aut-mei=Maiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayaNaoki en-aut-sei=Nakaya en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraToshihiko en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukiKoji en-aut-sei=Otsuki en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakiuchiYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Kakiuchi en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimazuTaichi en-aut-sei=Shimazu en-aut-mei=Taichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HinotsuShiro en-aut-sei=Hinotsu en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchitomiYosuke en-aut-sei=Uchitomi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Survivorship Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Health Services Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Health Services Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Survivorship Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Informatics, Shimane University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Behavioral Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Biostatistics and Data Management, Sapporo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Cancer Survivorship and Digital Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University kn-affil= en-keyword=healthcare disparities kn-keyword=healthcare disparities en-keyword=schizophrenia Spectrum and other psychotic disorders kn-keyword=schizophrenia Spectrum and other psychotic disorders en-keyword=stomach neoplasms kn-keyword=stomach neoplasms END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=30 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Study of Signal Separation and Demodulation Techniques Considering IQ Imbalance by Stored Data Batch Signal Processing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With the arrival of the IoT era, the problem of interference has become even more serious, and the challenge is to establish techniques for separating and demodulating collide signals. To achieve this, we are conducting research on stored data batch signal processing technology using short-time Fourier transform (STFT). In this paper, we used a feature quantity demodulation method proposed as a method for stored data batch signal processing to evaluate the effect of IQ imbalance, which is a factor in signal degradation in the transmitter, on signal separation and demodulation performance. Furthermore, we proposed a receiver configuration that estimates the amount of degradation due to IQ imbalance from the extracted feature quantities and compensates for the signal degradation. Computer simulation results confirmed that the proposed compensation method can improve signal separation and demodulation performance when degraded by IQ imbalance. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MitaYudai en-aut-sei=Mita en-aut-mei=Yudai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraokaYuta en-aut-sei=Hiraoka en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HikasaTomofumi en-aut-sei=Hikasa en-aut-mei=Tomofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomisatoShigeru en-aut-sei=Tomisato en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=DennoSatoshi en-aut-sei=Denno en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UeharaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Uehara en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=stored data batch signal processing kn-keyword=stored data batch signal processing en-keyword=short-time Fourier transform kn-keyword=short-time Fourier transform en-keyword=IQ imbalance kn-keyword=IQ imbalance en-keyword=IQ imbalance compensation kn-keyword=IQ imbalance compensation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Performance of the modified 2022 ACR/EULAR giant cell arteritis classification criteria without age restriction for discriminating from Takayasu arteritis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objective To evaluate the ability to discriminate giant cell arteritis (GCA) from Takayasu arteritis (TAK) according to the modified 2022 American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (ACR/EULAR) GCA classification criteria.
Methods Patients enrolled in the Japanese nationwide retrospective registry were evaluated using the criteria with partial modification; wall thickening of descending thoracic-abdominal aorta were mainly diagnosed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging instead of evaluating with positron emission tomography (PET)-CT. The discriminability of the criteria was evaluated using C-statistic (> 0.7: good ability).
Results Newly diagnosed patients with GCA (n = 139) and TAK (n = 129) were assessed, and 23.3% of TAK were aged 50 years or older at onset. The sensitivity of the modified 2022 ACR/EULAR GCA classification criteria with a score ≥ 6 was 82.0%, 68.5%, and 32.1% in all GCA, GCA with large-vessel involvement, and GCA without cranial arteritis, respectively. The specificity of the modified criteria was 96.1% for the 129 TAK as controls. Five patients with late-onset TAK met the modified criteria, and four had cranial signs and symptoms, two had bilateral axillary artery involvement, and four had descending thoracic-abdominal aorta involvement. The discriminability of the criteria was good (C-statistic: 0.986, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.976–0.996) and remained good after excluding age (C-statistic: 0.927, 95% CI: 0.894–0.961). The discriminability of a set of large-vessel lesions (bilateral axillary artery and descending thoracic-abdominal aorta) and inflammatory markers was markedly decreased with poor C-statistic value (C-statistic: 0.598, 95% CI: 0.530–0.667). Discriminability was improved after adding polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) (C-statistic: 0.757, 95% CI: 0.700–0.813) or age (C-statistic: 0.913, 95%CI: 0.874–0.951) to the set of large-vessel lesions. In GCA patients with a score ≤ 5, 52% had bilateral subclavian and/or axillary artery involvement.
Conclusion The modified 2022 ACR/EULAR GCA classification criteria well performed in classifying GCA and TAK without PET-CT in routine clinical practice. A set of items included in the modified GCA classification criteria had good discriminative ability for GCA and TAK, even when age was excluded. However, age restriction or PMR was required to distinguish GCA without cranial lesions from TAK. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugiharaTakahiko en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Takahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HarigaiMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Harigai en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaHaruhito A. en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Haruhito A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshifujiHajime en-aut-sei=Yoshifuji en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaejimaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Maejima en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizakiJun en-aut-sei=Ishizaki en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeYoshiko en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=DobashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Dobashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomagataYoshinori en-aut-sei=Komagata en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraNaoto en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Naoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaokaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Nakaoka en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=Japan Research Committee of the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare for Intractable Vasculitis (JPVAS) en-aut-sei=Japan Research Committee of the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare for Intractable Vasculitis (JPVAS) en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Vascular Physiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=GCA kn-keyword=GCA en-keyword=TAK kn-keyword=TAK en-keyword=Classification criteria kn-keyword=Classification criteria en-keyword=Bilateral axillary artery kn-keyword=Bilateral axillary artery en-keyword=Descending thoracic-abdominal aorta kn-keyword=Descending thoracic-abdominal aorta en-keyword=Bilateral subclavian artery kn-keyword=Bilateral subclavian artery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=5485 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260402 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bacterial collagenase harnesses collagen geometry for processive cleavage en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Collagen, the major structural protein in the animal extracellular matrix, forms a triple helix that resists proteolysis and requires specialised enzymes for degradation. Flesh-eating bacteria secrete collagenases that unwind the collagen triple helix and processively trim Gly–X–Y triplet repeats, yet the molecular basis of this process has remained obscure. Here, cryo-electron microscopy reveals how Hathewaya histolytica collagenase ColH engages its substrate and exploits the helix’s architecture for catalysis. ColH encircles a single collagen triple helix in a closed-ring conformation and, through dynamic domain motions, dehydrates and destabilises it. The enzyme undergoes substrate-assisted twisting to adopt a rigid ratcheted conformation, in which one chain is bent into a tripeptide-long ‘bight’ and threaded into the active site for cleavage, while two uncut strands are partitioned to non-catalytic sites. Release of the bight appears to reset the enzyme, with the uncut strands serving as guiding tracks. Repeated cycling between dynamic and rigid states likely enables triplet-by-triplet translocation, allowing ColH to harness collagen’s geometry for processive degradation. These findings reveal a bacterial strategy for collagen unwinding and cleavage distinct from that of mammalian collagenases, highlighting divergent evolutionary solutions for degrading one of nature’s most intractable substrates. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkiHiroya en-aut-sei=Oki en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakebeKatsuki en-aut-sei=Takebe en-aut-mei=Katsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BonsuAdjoa en-aut-sei=Bonsu en-aut-mei=Adjoa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiKazunori en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaRyo en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HendersonNicholas en-aut-sei=Henderson en-aut-mei=Nicholas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MimaTakehiko en-aut-sei=Mima en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoideTakaki en-aut-sei=Koide en-aut-mei=Takaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoradiMahmoud en-aut-sei=Moradi en-aut-mei=Mahmoud kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushitaOsamu en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakonJoshua en-aut-sei=Sakon en-aut-mei=Joshua kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaKazuki en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, The University of Osaka kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ehime Prefectural University of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Osaka kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19282 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dual-calibration RT-qPCR reveals distinct dnaK1/2/3 and groEL1/2 expression dynamics under heat and acid stress in the sinefungin producer Streptomyces incarnatus en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Streptomyces incarnatus NRRL8089 produces sinefungin, a nucleoside antibiotic whose yield is enhanced under defined environmental stresses. Here, dual-calibration RT-qPCR was used to resolve paralogue-specific expression dynamics of the dnaK and groE chaperone systems under heat and acid stress conditions that increase sinefungin titres. The canonical dnaK1–dnaJ1 and groES–groEL1 operons exhibited moderate induction, whereas monocistronic paralogues (dnaK2, dnaK3 and groEL2) showed markedly higher inducibility, with up to ~ 125-fold increases relative to baseline expression. Promoter analyses revealed conserved inverted repeats and differences in predicted secondary-structure stability, suggesting that promoter architecture contributes to paralogue-specific responsiveness. Structural modelling indicated divergence among DnaK paralogues in regions associated with substrate interaction, whereas GroEL paralogues retained a conserved overall scaffold, consistent with kinetic rather than structural differentiation. Together, these findings indicate that duplicated paralogues are not functionally redundant but are differentially regulated to partition proteostasis capacity under stress. This paralogue-specific regulation may provide a framework linking environmental perturbation to secondary-metabolite production in actinomycetes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Xiao-HuiZhao en-aut-sei=Xiao-Hui en-aut-mei=Zhao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboMao en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Mao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagataHaruka en-aut-sei=Yamagata en-aut-mei=Haruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaYuriko en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Yuriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasunumaTomohisa en-aut-sei=Hasunuma en-aut-mei=Tomohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanaoTadayoshi en-aut-sei=Kanao en-aut-mei=Tadayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraTakashi en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Heat shock kn-keyword=Heat shock en-keyword=Acid stress kn-keyword=Acid stress en-keyword=dnaK kn-keyword=dnaK en-keyword=hspR kn-keyword=hspR en-keyword=groES kn-keyword=groES en-keyword=groEL kn-keyword=groEL en-keyword=Sinefungin kn-keyword=Sinefungin en-keyword=Streptomyces incarnatus kn-keyword=Streptomyces incarnatus END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=20445 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260503 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Metastatic promoting role of mesenchymal stem cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma revealed by an improved bone marrow chimeric model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential stromal regulators that coordinate tissue repair, angiogenesis, and immune balance. Within tumours, MSCs remodel the microenvironment and influence disease progression, yet their systemic contribution remains unclear due to the limited recovery of functional MSCs in conventional bone marrow transplantation models. Here, we developed an improved bone marrow collection (iBMC) method using enzymatic digestion, which markedly increases MSC yield while preserving their native phenotype. GFP bone marrow chimeric mice generated by iBMC and conventional transplantation displayed comparable hematopoietic reconstitution but differed in MSC abundance, enabling direct analysis of MSC-specific effects under physiological conditions. In mouse models of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), MSCs profoundly affected tumour development. MSC-deficient tumours exhibited necrosis and infiltration of immature myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), whereas MSC-rich tumours showed enhanced vascularisation, adaptive immune infiltration, and stromal remodelling. Notably, lung metastasis occurred only in MSC-rich mice, accompanied by bone marrow–derived endothelial activation and TNF-α–driven inflammation. Pharmacological inhibition of LepR signalling using SHU9119 unexpectedly increased metastasis, underscoring the dual, context-dependent functions of MSCs. These findings establish iBMC as a reproducible and physiologically relevant model to study MSC-mediated regulation of tumour immunity, angiogenesis, and metastasis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EainHtoo Shwe en-aut-sei=Eain en-aut-mei=Htoo Shwe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiHotaka en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Hotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanouSho en-aut-sei=Sanou en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoeYamin en-aut-sei=Soe en-aut-mei=Yamin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OoMay Wathone en-aut-sei=Oo en-aut-mei=May Wathone kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=PiaoTianyan en-aut-sei=Piao en-aut-mei=Tianyan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinZin Zin en-aut-sei=Min en-aut-mei=Zin Zin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakabatakeKiyofumi en-aut-sei=Takabatake en-aut-mei=Kiyofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoKeisuke en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagatsukaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Nagatsuka en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) kn-keyword=Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) en-keyword=Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) kn-keyword=Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) en-keyword=Bone marrow transplantation kn-keyword=Bone marrow transplantation en-keyword=Chimeric mouse models kn-keyword=Chimeric mouse models en-keyword=Tumour microenvironment (TME) kn-keyword=Tumour microenvironment (TME) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=uuag021 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260401 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Truncation by death in the sufficient-cause framework en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The sufficient-cause framework has been used for decades to improve our understanding of both basic and complex causal concepts in epidemiology, such as mediation and interaction. Here, we make use of this framework to provide a description of truncation by death, in which the outcome of interest is undefined for individuals who die before the assessment time at the end of follow-up. We explain the noncausal nature of the crude estimand that compares outcomes by treatment levels conditional on observed survival by showing that it corresponds to a comparison of distinct risk-status types, which are defined based on their susceptibility to sufficient causes. Further, expressions for the crude estimand and for the survivor average causal effect (SACE)—a causal estimand defined under the principal stratification approach—are provided in terms of population-level joint frequencies of the background factors of sufficient causes. Finally, we also describe conditions, based on background factors of sufficient causes, under which the SACE is null. Our description of this problem, which studies truncation by death from a new perspective, might encourage further analyses of principal stratification-based estimands using sufficient causes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GonçalvesBronner P en-aut-sei=Gonçalves en-aut-mei=Bronner P kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoEiji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiEtsuji en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Etsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=causal mechanisms kn-keyword=causal mechanisms en-keyword=potential outcomes kn-keyword=potential outcomes en-keyword=principal stratification kn-keyword=principal stratification en-keyword=sufficient causes kn-keyword=sufficient causes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=69 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=e01108-24 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Genomic epidemiology and genetic characteristics of clinical Campylobacter species cocirculating in West Bengal, India, 2019, using whole genome analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Campylobacter species are the most common pathogens responsible for foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide. India is a region with frequent diarrheal infections and a high level of Campylobacter infection incidence, but the detailed genomic information is limited. This study aimed to characterize 112 isolates of Campylobacter from diarrhea patients at two hospitals in Kolkata, West Bengal, by whole genome analysis. The Campylobacter isolates consisted of 90 C. jejuni, 20 C. coli, and 2 C. lari isolates. Multilocus sequence typing analysis revealed that the largest sequence type (ST) populations were ST-2131 in C. jejuni and ST-830 in C. coli and seven novel STs were found in C. jejuni and one in C. coli. Notably, ST-2131, which is rarely seen elsewhere, was positive for a sialylated LOS-related gene (wlaN +neuA + cstIII) associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Antibiotic resistance factors predicted from the genome sequence included blaOXA variants (58.9%), tet(O) (54.5%), tet(W) (0.9%), ant(6)-Ia (0.9%), mutation in GyrA (T86I, T86I+D90N, T86I+P104S, T86I+D90N+P104S) (79.5%), and mutation in 23S rRNA (A2075G) (12.5%). In addition to the high drug resistance of Campylobacter in Kolkata, Campylobacter pathogens were circulating that may be associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome. This study indicates the importance of genomic analysis in the surveillance of pathogens, which provides genomic information on genetic diversity, virulence mechanisms, and determinants of antimicrobial resistance. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoritaDaichi en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Daichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukhopadhyayAsish Kumar en-aut-sei=Mukhopadhyay en-aut-mei=Asish Kumar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChowdhuryGoutam en-aut-sei=Chowdhury en-aut-mei=Goutam kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaFumito en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Fumito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaMiyuki en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Miyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYuki en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaharaHidetoshi en-aut-sei=Tahara en-aut-mei=Hidetoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukherjeePiyali en-aut-sei=Mukherjee en-aut-mei=Piyali kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=BardhanMainak en-aut-sei=Bardhan en-aut-mei=Mainak kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KumagaiTakanori en-aut-sei=Kumagai en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaharaKei en-aut-sei=Kitahara en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-Ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-Ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=DuttaShanta en-aut-sei=Dutta en-aut-mei=Shanta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaTeruo en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Teruo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR - National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR - National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Section of Microbial Genomics and Ecology, The IDEC Institute, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR - National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR - National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases at ICMR-NICED kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases at ICMR-NICED kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR - National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= en-keyword=Campylobacter jejuni/coli kn-keyword=Campylobacter jejuni/coli en-keyword=whole genome sequencing kn-keyword=whole genome sequencing en-keyword=phylogenetic analysis kn-keyword=phylogenetic analysis en-keyword=plasmid structure kn-keyword=plasmid structure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=93 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=e00346-2 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A newly developed oral infection mouse model of shigellosis for immunogenicity and protective efficacy studies of a candidate vaccine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Shigella infection poses a significant public health challenge in the developing world. However, lack of a widely available mouse model that replicates human shigellosis creates a major bottleneck to better understanding of disease pathogenesis and development of newer drugs and vaccines. BALB/c mice pre-treated with streptomycin and iron (FeCl3) plus desferrioxamine intraperitoneally followed by oral infection with virulent Shigella flexneri 2a resulted in diarrhea, loss of body weight, bacterial colonization and progressive colitis characterized by disruption of epithelial lining, loss of crypt architecture with goblet cell depletion, increased polymorphonuclear infiltration into the mucosa, submucosal swelling (edema), and raised proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the large intestine. To evaluate the usefulness of the model for vaccine efficacy studies, mice were immunized intranasally with a recombinant protein vaccine containing Shigella invasion protein invasion plasmid antigen B (IpaB). Vaccinated mice conferred protection against Shigella, indicating that the model is suitable for testing of vaccine candidates. To protect both Shigella and Salmonella, a chimeric recombinant vaccine (rIpaB–T2544) was developed by fusing IpaB with Salmonella outer membrane protein T2544. Vaccinated mice developed antigen-specific serum IgG and IgA antibodies and a balanced Th1/Th2 response and were protected against oral challenge with Shigella (S. flexneri 2a, Shigella dysenteriae, and Shigella sonnei) using our present mouse model and Salmonella (Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi) using an iron overload mouse model. We describe here the development of an oral Shigella infection model in wild-type mouse. This model was successfully used to demonstrate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a candidate protein subunit vaccine against Shigella. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaldarRisha en-aut-sei=Haldar en-aut-mei=Risha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HalderProlay en-aut-sei=Halder en-aut-mei=Prolay kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoleyHemanta en-aut-sei=Koley en-aut-mei=Hemanta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=DasSantasabuj en-aut-sei=Das en-aut-mei=Santasabuj kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= en-keyword=oral route kn-keyword=oral route en-keyword=S. flexneri kn-keyword=S. flexneri en-keyword=shigellosis kn-keyword=shigellosis en-keyword=bivalent subunit vaccine (IpaB–T2544) kn-keyword=bivalent subunit vaccine (IpaB–T2544) en-keyword=mouse model kn-keyword=mouse model END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=680 end-page=684 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=2025 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of heat stress on gene expression associated with antioxidant capacity of bovine early antral follicles en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Heat exposure at the physiological level of oocyte-cumulus-granulosa cell complexes (OCGCs) during in vitro growth (IVG) culture decreases the reduced glutathione (GSH) level of oocytes, an antioxidant, but its mechanism has been unclear. We subjected OCGCs to IVG for 4, 8, or 12 days and investigated the effects of heat exposure on the gene expression of cumulus-granulosa cells associated with antioxidant capacity. Heat exposure did not alter the expression of genes related to GSH synthesis or reuse. Conversely, heat exposure increased mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase 2 and decreased that of glutathione peroxidase 1, which are antioxidant enzymes. Ultimately, heat exposure alters the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in growing follicles, which may indirectly decrease the GSH level of oocytes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KAWANOKohei en-aut-sei=KAWANO en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SAKAGUCHIKenichiro en-aut-sei=SAKAGUCHI en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FURUKAWAEri en-aut-sei=FURUKAWA en-aut-mei=Eri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NINPETCHNattapong en-aut-sei=NINPETCH en-aut-mei=Nattapong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YANAGAWAYojiro en-aut-sei=YANAGAWA en-aut-mei=Yojiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KATAGIRISeiji en-aut-sei=KATAGIRI en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Laboratory of Veterinary Theriogenology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University kn-affil= en-keyword=antioxidant capacity kn-keyword=antioxidant capacity en-keyword=bovine kn-keyword=bovine en-keyword=early antral follicle kn-keyword=early antral follicle en-keyword=in vitro growth kn-keyword=in vitro growth en-keyword=oxidative stress kn-keyword=oxidative stress END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=206 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=e00307-24 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241024 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Overexpression of diglucosyldiacylglycerol synthase leads to daptomycin resistance in Bacillus subtilis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The lipopeptide antibiotic daptomycin exhibits bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria by forming a complex with phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and lipid II in the cell membrane, causing membrane perforation. With the emergence of daptomycin-resistant bacteria, understanding the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to daptomycin has gained great importance. In this study, we aimed to identify the genetic factors contributing to daptomycin resistance in Bacillus subtilis, a model Gram-positive bacterium. Our findings demonstrated that overexpression of ugtP, which encodes diglucosyldiacylglycerol synthase, induces daptomycin resistance in B. subtilis. Specifically, overexpression of ugtP resulted in increased levels of diglucosyldiacylglycerol (Glc2DAG) and decreased levels of acidic phospholipids cardiolipin and PG, as well as the basic phospholipid lysylphosphatidylglycerol. However, ugtP overexpression did not alter the cell surface charge and the susceptibility to the cationic antimicrobial peptide nisin or the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide. Furthermore, by serial passaging in the presence of daptomycin, we obtained daptomycin-resistant mutants carrying ugtP mutations. These mutants showed increased levels of Glc2DAG and a >4-fold increase in the minimum inhibitory concentration of daptomycin. These results suggest that increased Glc2DAG levels, driven by ugtP overexpression, modify the phospholipid composition and confer daptomycin resistance in B. subtilis without altering the cell surface charge of the bacteria. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoRyogo en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Ryogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaKazuya en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiYusuke en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurutaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Furuta en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-Ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-Ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaitoChikara en-aut-sei=Kaito en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=diglucosyldiacylglycerol kn-keyword=diglucosyldiacylglycerol en-keyword=daptomycin kn-keyword=daptomycin en-keyword=phospholipid kn-keyword=phospholipid END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=52 article-no= start-page=27314 end-page=27322 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241219 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Formation of Nonspherical Cellulose Acetate Microparticles under Microflow en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nonspherical particles have gained significant interest owing to their unique shapes and large specific surface areas, making them suitable for a wide range of applications, such as drug delivery, catalysis, and adsorption. However, conventional methods for preparing nonspherical particles face certain limitations. In this study, we propose a simple method for fabricating nonspherical cellulose acetate (CA) microparticles using a microfluidic device in which droplets undergo rapid diffusion in a continuous aqueous phase. The influence of variations in the flow rate ratio and continuous phase composition on the dimensionless Péclet number (Pe) within the droplet and shape of the resultant particles is investigated. Pe is critical, because it indicates the balance between polymer diffusion and droplet shrinkage dynamics. Our findings reveal that increasing the flow rate ratio and reducing the methyl acetate concentration in the continuous phase lead to faster droplet shrinkage and an increased Pe. A high Pe (>100) suggests that the reduction of the droplet interface predominates over polymer diffusion, resulting in the formation of a viscous layer near the droplet surface, which subsequently leads to nonspherical particle shapes (such as bowl-like or biconcave structures). In situ time-lapse observations of droplets from the top and side of a microchannel reveal that the formation of a viscous layer near the droplet surface and the deformation of the droplet, influenced by the z-axis location of the droplets during particle formation, ultimately determine the final particle shape. Based on these observations, a linear correlation between the initial conditions, i.e., the Pe and z-axis location at which the viscous layer formed, is established, enabling the prediction of the particle structure. In summary, the present study enhances the understanding of shape control in microfluidic particle formation and offers a novel guideline for the fabrication of spherical and nonspherical particles. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoriKurumi en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Kurumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1199 end-page=1202 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240711 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of quercetin as a potential cytoprotector against acetaldehyde using the cultured hepatocyte model with aldehyde dehydrogenase isozyme deficiency en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Protective effect of quercetin against acetaldehyde was evaluated using the cultured hepatocyte models with aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) isozyme deficiency (aldh2-kd and aldh1a1-kd). The quercetin-induced cytoprotection against acetaldehyde in the ALDH1A1-deficient mutant (aldh1a1-kd) was weaker than that in the wild type. Furthermore, quercetin did not enhance the ALDH activity in aldh1a1-kd cells, suggesting that ALDH1A1 is involved in quercetin-induced cytoprotection. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=XuYuhang en-aut-sei=Xu en-aut-mei=Yuhang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawamotoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Sawamoto en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunRuitong en-aut-sei=Sun en-aut-mei=Ruitong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikuraAki en-aut-sei=Ishikura en-aut-mei=Aki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunemasaShintaro en-aut-sei=Munemasa en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohAyano en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Ayano kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoAkiko en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraYoshimasa en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Saga University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=quercetin kn-keyword=quercetin en-keyword=acetaldehyde kn-keyword=acetaldehyde en-keyword=aldehyde dehydrogenase kn-keyword=aldehyde dehydrogenase en-keyword=cytoprotection kn-keyword=cytoprotection END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=918 end-page=922 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240522 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Negative regulation of chitosan-induced stomatal closure by glutathione in Arabidopsis thaliana en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Chitosan (CHT) is a deacylated derivative of chitin and improves growth and yield performance, activates defensive genes, and also induces stomatal closure in plants. Glutathione (GSH) has significant functions in the growth, development, defense systems, signaling, and gene expression. GSH negatively regulates abscisic acid-, methyl jasmonate-, and salicylic acid-induced stomatal closure. However, the negative regulation by GSH of CHT-induced stomatal closure is still unknown. Regulation of CHT-induced stomatal closure by GSH in guard cells was investigated using two GSH-deficient mutants, cad2-1 and chlorina 1-1 (ch1-1), and a GSH-decreasing chemical, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). The cad2-1 and ch1-1 mutations and CDNB treatment enhanced CHT-induced stomatal closure. Treatment with glutathione monoethyl ester restored the GSH level in the guard cells of cad2-1 and ch1-1 and complemented the stomatal phenotype of the mutants. These results indicate that GSH negatively regulates CHT-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JahanIsrat en-aut-sei=Jahan en-aut-mei=Israt kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunemasaShintaro en-aut-sei=Munemasa en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraYoshimasa en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Arabidopsis thaliana kn-keyword=Arabidopsis thaliana en-keyword=chitosan kn-keyword=chitosan en-keyword=glutathione kn-keyword=glutathione en-keyword=stomatal closure kn-keyword=stomatal closure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=8052 end-page=8058 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=2025 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Enhanced capacity of aluminum-ion batteries by adjusting the average pore size of the porous carbon cathode en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used but with the increasing scarcity and uneven distribution of global lithium resources, there is a need to explore alternative battery technologies. Due to its abundance, low cost, and high theoretical capacity, aluminum is a strong candidate for metal anodes, making aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) an area of considerable interest. Current mainstream research focuses on ionic liquid electrolytes, which offer a wide electrochemical window and high ionic conductivity. Carbon materials are ideal cathode candidates due to their low cost, abundance, and high voltage platform. AIBs using carbon materials typically exhibit low discharge capacity. This study addressed the challenge of improving the discharge capacity of carbon-based cathodes in AIBs. By using porous carbon (PC) materials with varying specific surface areas, average pore sizes, and total pore volumes as cathodes, average pore size was found to impact capacity. This contradicts the contention that larger specific surface areas result in higher capacities. There is a key difference in ion behavior: whereas aluminum chloride ions intercalate into layered graphite structures, they do not intercalate into PC materials but are adsorbed to the surface. By adjusting the average pore size, it is possible to increase the discharge capacity of AIBs, challenging the traditional emphasis on specific surface area. This research does not fully solve the problem of low discharge capacity in carbon-based cathodes, but provides a new perspective on the role of pore size in enhancing battery performance, offering valuable insights for future electrode design. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChenYifeng en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Yifeng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiHiroo en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukumotoShu en-aut-sei=Fukumoto en-aut-mei=Shu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoChiyu en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Chiyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishikawaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Nishikawa en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmezawaShigeyuki en-aut-sei=Umezawa en-aut-mei=Shigeyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiYasuhiko en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Yasuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Comprehensive Technical Solutions, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Seiwa Electric Mfg. Co., Ltd kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=114 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=303 end-page=309 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241009 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Outdoor playing during preschool was associated with a reduced risk of school-age obesity in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aim: This study investigated the association between outdoor play habits during preschool and school-age obesity.
Methods: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of all children born in Japan during 2 weeks in January and July 2001. We defined outdoor play habits at age 2.5 years (third survey) as exposure, while parent-reported height and weight at age 7 years (seventh survey) were defined as overweight and obesity status using the WHO reference. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for associations between preschool outdoor play habits and school-age obesity, adjusting for parental and child factors.
Results: Of 53 575 children born, 42 812 had data on outdoor play habits at age 2.5 years, with 91% (38 970) having such habits. At age 7 years, 31 743/42 812 (74%) children had height and weight data, with 3249/31 743 (10%) classified as overweight or obesity (BMI SD score ≥1.0). Outdoor play habits were negatively associated with obesity (adjusted OR 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74–0.97).
Conclusion: Outdoor play habits in early preschool years are associated with a reduced risk of school-age obesity. Parents and caregivers may consider encouraging their children to outdoor play habits at an early age to help prevent obesity later in life. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsugeTakahiro en-aut-sei=Tsuge en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaoSoshi en-aut-sei=Takao en-aut-mei=Soshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=outdoor play habits kn-keyword=outdoor play habits en-keyword=physical activity kn-keyword=physical activity en-keyword=preschool kn-keyword=preschool en-keyword=school-aged obesity kn-keyword=school-aged obesity en-keyword=socioeconomic status kn-keyword=socioeconomic status END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=e112232 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260707 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Reappraisal of the Entity of Pediatric Uveitis: Bilateral Iridocyclitis With Retinal Capillaritis (BIRC) in Juveniles in 18 Additional Cases en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objectives: Bilateral iridocyclitis with retinal capillaritis (BIRC) in juveniles is a newly recognized ​​​​​entity of juvenile chronic uveitis with no systemic involvement. In this study, 18 additional consecutive patients with BIRC were reported to show that the entity would be useful in the differential diagnosis.
Methods: Clinical features were retrospectively reviewed in 18 consecutive patients diagnosed with BIRC in juveniles at Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan, between 1996 and 2025.
Results: The 18 patients comprised 6 males and 12 females, with an age at onset ranging from 9 to 16 years (median, 13 years). All patients presented with aqueous cells and mutton-fat keratic precipitates in both eyes, and fluorescein angiography revealed varying degrees of optic disc leakage and retinal capillary leakage in the midperipheral to peripheral fundus of both eyes. None had systemic symptoms, including skin rashes, joint pain, or fever, and no abnormalities were detected on blood examinations, urinalysis, or plain chest x-rays. Oral prednisolone, tapered from 30 mg daily, together with topical 0.1% betamethasone four times daily, was administered to five patients: two with optic disc edema and three with macular edema in both eyes or the unilateral eye. The remaining 13 patients were treated with topical 0.1% betamethasone eye drops alone. In patients who developed elevated intraocular pressure, often due to a steroid response, the instillation of topical 0.1% betamethasone was reduced to twice daily, or intraocular pressure-lowering eye drops were used in combination. In two patients who showed relapse of unilateral macular edema after oral prednisolone was tapered or discontinued, oral colchicine (1 mg daily) was introduced, resulting in the subsidence of macular edema. Bilateral uveitis in all 18 patients subsided within 6 months to a few years until 19 years of age, and all topical medications were discontinued, with relapse occurring in only one patient.
Conclusions: BIRC in juveniles should be included in the differential diagnosis for school-age children and young adolescents. BIRC follows a chronic course of a few years and subsides completely with a good prognosis. In cases of macular edema or optic disc edema that affects vision, oral corticosteroid treatment is recommended, whereas patients with no sight-threatening signs can be treated with topical corticosteroid eye drops alone. The entity of BIRC may be distinct from juvenile chronic iridocyclitis in young girls with onset at preschool age, which shares common features with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=bilateral iridocyclitis with retinal capillaritis (birc) kn-keyword=bilateral iridocyclitis with retinal capillaritis (birc) en-keyword=colchicine kn-keyword=colchicine en-keyword=corticosteroid kn-keyword=corticosteroid en-keyword=fluorescein angiography kn-keyword=fluorescein angiography en-keyword=juvenile kn-keyword=juvenile en-keyword=juvenile chronic iridocyclitis (jci) kn-keyword=juvenile chronic iridocyclitis (jci) en-keyword=juvenile idiopathic arthritis (jia) kn-keyword=juvenile idiopathic arthritis (jia) en-keyword=macular edema kn-keyword=macular edema en-keyword=optical coherence tomography kn-keyword=optical coherence tomography en-keyword=optic disc edema kn-keyword=optic disc edema END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue=16 article-no= start-page=1886 end-page=1897 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202506 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin Versus Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, and Cisplatin + Ifosfamide in Poor Responders to Preoperative Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Osteosarcoma (JCOG0905): A Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized Trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose Our previous NECO phase II studies on high-grade osteosarcoma suggested that administering ifosfamide (IF; 16 g/m2 [4g/m2 once on day 1, then 2g/m2 once on days 2-7] × six) to patients showing a poor response (PrRsp) to preoperative chemotherapy with methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MAP) improves their prognoses. In this Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) study, JCOG0905, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of IF in patients with PrRsp.
Methods JCOG0905 is a multicenter, open-label, multi-institutional, randomized trial. Eligible patients (50 years and younger) had resectable, high-grade osteosarcoma (stage II or III, Union for International Cancer Control TNM) of the extremities, limb girdles, and thoracic wall. After two MAP cycles and tumor resection, patients with PrRsp were randomly assigned to either the MAP or MAP plus 15 g/m2 (3g/m2 once daily on days 1-5) × six IF (MAP + IF [MAPIF]) group. The primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS); secondary end points were overall survival (OS) and safety. The planned sample size was 100 patients with a one-sided α of .1 and a power of 0.7, assuming a 3-year DFS of 50% and 65% for MAP and MAPIF, respectively. This trial is registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT; jRCTs031180126).
Results Of the 287 patients registered between February 2010 and August 2020, 51 and 52 patients with PrRsp were assigned to the MAP and MAPIF groups, respectively. As of March 2022, DFS did not differ between groups (hazard ratio [HR], 1.05 [95% CI, 0.55 to 1.98]) and OS was numerically inferior in the MAPIF group (HR, 1.48 [95% CI, 0.68 to 3.22]). Nine and zero patients in the MAPIF and MAP groups discontinued treatment because of adverse events, respectively.
Conclusion Evidence from JCOG0905 does not support the addition of IF for patients with PrRsp. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiragaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Hiraga en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MachidaRyunosuke en-aut-sei=Machida en-aut-mei=Ryunosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiAkira en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunisadaToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kunisada en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonemotoTsukasa en-aut-sei=Yonemoto en-aut-mei=Tsukasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoMakoto en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoAkihito en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=AeKeisuke en-aut-sei=Ae en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaShinichirou en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Shinichirou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanumaKunihiro en-aut-sei=Asanuma en-aut-mei=Kunihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToguchidaJunya en-aut-sei=Toguchida en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurutaTaisuke en-aut-sei=Furuta en-aut-mei=Taisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaRobert en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Robert kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkisueToshihiro en-aut-sei=Akisue en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirumaToru en-aut-sei=Hiruma en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriiTakeshi en-aut-sei=Morii en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraHideki en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraokaKoji en-aut-sei=Hiraoka en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeyamaMasanobu en-aut-sei=Takeyama en-aut-mei=Masanobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=EmoriMakoto en-aut-sei=Emori en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukushiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Tsukushi en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=HatanoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Hatano en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawashimaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Kawashima en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=IsuKazuo en-aut-sei=Isu en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaTomoko en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaHaruhiko en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Haruhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwamotoYukihide en-aut-sei=Iwamoto en-aut-mei=Yukihide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Musculoskeletal Oncology, NHO Hokkaido Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Gifu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Tissue Regeneration, Center for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyorin University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Kagawa University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurume University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Musculoskeletal Oncology, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata University Medical & Dental Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Higashi Sapporo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=Advanced Medical Sciences, Oita University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyushu Rosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=561 end-page=568 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240705 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Central dentinogenic ghost cell tumor of the maxilla: a case report with new imaging findings and review of the literature en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) is a rare benign odontogenic tumor that commonly shows characteristics of solid proliferation and has a relatively high risk of recurrence after surgical treatment. We herein report a case of a central DGCT that occurred in the maxilla and resulted in bone expansion. This study highlights new imaging findings (particularly magnetic resonance imaging) along with histopathological observations. In addition, we conducted a review of the existing literature on this rare tumor. A 37-year-old man developed swelling around the right cheek. A benign odontogenic tumor such as ameloblastoma was suspected based on the imaging examination findings (including bone expansion and the internal characteristics of the tumor) on panoramic imaging, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The lesion was surgically excised from the right maxilla. Postoperative histopathological examination led to a definitive diagnosis of central DGCT. The tumor comprised epithelial neoplastic islands, resembling ameloblastoma, inside tight fibroconnective tissue; masses of ghost cells and formation of dentin were also observed. We had suspected that the minute high-density region around the molars on the imaging examinations represented alveolar bone change; however, it represented dentin formation. This led to difficulty diagnosing the lesion. Although DGCT may present characteristic findings on imaging examinations, its occurrence is infrequent, and in some cases, the findings may include the presence or absence of an impacted tooth without obvious calcification. The present case suggests that we should consider the possibility of an odontogenic tumor with calcification when high-density structures are observed inside the lesion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaSuzuka en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Suzuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYohei en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawazuToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kawazu en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisatomiMiki en-aut-sei=Hisatomi en-aut-mei=Miki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujikuraMamiko en-aut-sei=Fujikura en-aut-mei=Mamiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObataKyoichi en-aut-sei=Obata en-aut-mei=Kyoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakabatakeKiyofumi en-aut-sei=Takabatake en-aut-mei=Kiyofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaSaori en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Saori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaumiJunichi en-aut-sei=Asaumi en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Preliminary Examination Room, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Dentinogenic ghost cell tumor kn-keyword=Dentinogenic ghost cell tumor en-keyword=Benign odontogenic tumor kn-keyword=Benign odontogenic tumor en-keyword=Maxilla kn-keyword=Maxilla en-keyword=Calcification kn-keyword=Calcification en-keyword=Computed tomography kn-keyword=Computed tomography en-keyword=Magnetic resonance imaging kn-keyword=Magnetic resonance imaging END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1643 end-page=1652 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240809 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Radiological assessment of the dissection area in supraomohyoid neck dissection en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose The current supraomohyoid neck dissection (SOHND) is performed above the omohyoid muscle to dissect levels I, II, and III in the levels of cervical lymph nodes. However, the anatomical boundary between levels III and IV is the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage. We investigated the anatomical relationship between the omohyoid muscle and cricoid cartilage using contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT) images to assess the validity of the current SOHND.
Methods CE-CT images of the head and neck regions in patients were reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups: “malignant tumors” and “others”. The vertebral levels corresponding to the positions of anatomical structures such as the intersection of the omohyoid muscle and internal jugular vein (OM-IJ), and the inferior border of the cricoid cartilage (CC), were recorded.
Results The OM-IJ was located around the seventh cervical to the first thoracic vertebra. There was a significant difference between the malignant tumor and others groups in females (p = 0.036). The CC was located around the sixth to seventh cervical vertebrae. There was a significant sex difference in each group (malignant tumor: p < 0.0001; others: p = 0.008). Both sexes tended to have lower OM-IJ than CC, and females had significantly lower OM-IJ than males.
Conclusion This study provides clear anatomical evidence showing the difference between the SOHND dissection area and levels I, II, and III. It could be considered that in most cases SOHND invades level IV, not just levels I, II, and III, especially in female patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYohei en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwanagaJoe en-aut-sei=Iwanaga en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhyamaYoshio en-aut-sei=Ohyama en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushitaYuki en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TubbsR. Shane en-aut-sei=Tubbs en-aut-mei=R. Shane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitagawaNorio en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawazuToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kawazu en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisatomiMiki en-aut-sei=Hisatomi en-aut-mei=Miki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujikuraMamiko en-aut-sei=Fujikura en-aut-mei=Mamiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaumiJunichi en-aut-sei=Asaumi en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Clinical Anatomy Research Association in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Clinical Anatomy Research Association in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Clinical Anatomy Research Association in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Clinical Anatomy Research Association in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Clinical Anatomy Research Association in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Anatomy kn-keyword=Anatomy en-keyword=Omohyoid muscle kn-keyword=Omohyoid muscle en-keyword=Computed tomography kn-keyword=Computed tomography en-keyword=Neck dissection kn-keyword=Neck dissection en-keyword=Vertebra kn-keyword=Vertebra en-keyword=Cancer kn-keyword=Cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=54 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=upaf091 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202505 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Highly emissive and robust diarylethene fluorophore incorporating imide-fused phenanthryl moieties en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The fluorescence properties and photostabilities of (E)-diarylethenes (DPEs), featuring two 3-phenanthryl moieties, were investigated. Pristine (E)-di-1,2-(3-phenanthryl)ethene and its ester derivative, respectively referred to as DPE-H and DPE-E, exhibited blue fluorescence. However, they underwent a two-step photoreaction sequence that yielded [7]helicenes, resulting in a gradual reduction of the fluorescence intensity. In contrast, the imide-fused derivative DPE-I displayed intense green fluorescence and it was unexpectedly photostable in solution, maintaining its highly efficient fluorescent nature even after prolonged light exposure. DPE-I, thus, provides a new type of highly efficient and robust diarylethene fluorophore. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NoseKeito en-aut-sei=Nose en-aut-mei=Keito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamajiMinoru en-aut-sei=Yamaji en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriTadashi en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniFumito en-aut-sei=Tani en-aut-mei=Fumito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoKenta en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoHideki en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Program of Applied Chemistry, Cluster of Materials and Environment, Gunma University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Center for Environmental Preservation and Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Osaka kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=diarylethene kn-keyword=diarylethene en-keyword=fluorescence kn-keyword=fluorescence en-keyword=phenanthreneimide kn-keyword=phenanthreneimide END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=100 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=66 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241120 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Different impacts of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor administration on allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant outcomes for adult acute myeloid leukemia according to graft type en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We retrospectively evaluated the impacts of using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and its timing on posttransplant outcomes for 9766 adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) between 2013 and 2022 using a Japanese database. We separately evaluated three distinct cohorts based on graft type: 3248 received bone marrow transplantation (BMT), 3066 received peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT), and 3452 received single-unit cord blood transplantation (CBT). Multivariate analysis showed that G-CSF administration significantly accelerated neutrophil recovery after BMT, PBSCT, and CBT. However, it was associated with a higher risk of grades II–IV acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) across all graft types. Moreover, an increased incidence of overall chronic GVHD was observed with G-CSF administration in BMT and CBT patients, but not in PBSCT patients. G-CSF administration significantly improved overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) only following CBT. Regarding the timing of G-CSF, in comparison with late initiation of G-CSF (Days 5–10), early initiation (Days 0–4) did not provide benefits for hematopoietic recovery regardless of graft type. In contrast, late initiation was significantly associated with a lower risk of grades II–IV acute GVHD and better OS and LFS in CBT patients. These data demonstrated that G-CSF administration accelerated neutrophil recovery and increased the risk of grades II–IV acute GVHD across all graft types, but significantly improved survival outcomes but only following CBT. Therefore, routine use of G-CSF should be considered for CBT in adult patients with AML. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonumaTakaaki en-aut-sei=Konuma en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamedaKazuaki en-aut-sei=Kameda en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaKaoru en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoTadakazu en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Tadakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraFumihiko en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Fumihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakasoneHideki en-aut-sei=Nakasone en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OuchiFumihiko en-aut-sei=Ouchi en-aut-mei=Fumihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMasatsugu en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Masatsugu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaYuta en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=Sakata‐YanagimotoMamiko en-aut-sei=Sakata‐Yanagimoto en-aut-mei=Mamiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnizukaMakoto en-aut-sei=Onizuka en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawaMasashi en-aut-sei=Sawa en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaShuichi en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraShin‐Ichiro en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Shin‐Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiharaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Yoshihara en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshimaruFumihiko en-aut-sei=Ishimaru en-aut-mei=Fumihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimitsuMakoto en-aut-sei=Yoshimitsu en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhbikiMarie en-aut-sei=Ohbiki en-aut-mei=Marie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsutaYoshiko en-aut-sei=Atsuta en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanadaMasamitsu en-aut-sei=Yanada en-aut-mei=Masamitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology/Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Toranomon Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Hematology, University of Tsukuba Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Anjo Kosei Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hyogo Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Technical Department, Japanese Red Cross Society Blood Service Headquarters kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University East Medical Center kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=59 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=3282 end-page=3304 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241027 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Radial transport and nebular thermal processing of millimeter‐sized solids in the Solar protoplanetary disk inferred from Cr‐Ti‐O isotope systematics of chondrules en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Understanding the material transport and mixing processes in the Solar protoplanetary disk provides important constraints on the origin of chemical and isotopic diversities of our planets. The limited extent of radial transport and mixing between the inner and outer Solar System has been suggested based on a fundamental isotopic dichotomy between non-carbonaceous (NC) and carbonaceous (CC) meteorite groups. The limited transport and mixing could be further tested by tracing the formation regions of individual meteoritic components, such as Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) and chondrules. Here, we show further evidence for the outward transport of CAIs and chondrules from the inner and subsequent thermal processing in the outer region of the protoplanetary disk based on the petrography and combined Cr-Ti-O isotope systematics of chondrules from the Vigarano-like (CV) carbonaceous chondrite Allende. One chondrule studied consists of an olivine core that exhibits NC-like Ti and O, but CC-like Cr isotopic signatures, which is enclosed by a pyroxene igneous rim with CC-like O isotope ratios. These observations indicate that the olivine core formed in the inner Solar System. The olivine core then migrated into the outer Solar System and experienced nebular thermal processing that generated the pyroxene igneous rim. The nebular thermal processing would result in Cr isotope exchange between the olivine core and CC-like materials, but secondary alteration effects on the parent body are also responsible for the CC-like Cr isotope signature. By combining previously reported Cr-Ti-O isotope systematics of CV chondrules, we show that some CV chondrules larger than ~1 mm would have formed in the inner Solar System. The accretion of the millimeter-sized, inner Solar System solids onto the CV carbonaceous chondrite parent body would require their very early migration into the outer Solar System within the first 1 million years after the Solar System formation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaKohei en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HibiyaYuki en-aut-sei=Hibiya en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KastelleCraig R. en-aut-sei=Kastelle en-aut-mei=Craig R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiKatsuhiko en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Katsuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IizukaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Iizuka en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HelserThomas E. en-aut-sei=Helser en-aut-mei=Thomas E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaNoriko T. en-aut-sei=Kita en-aut-mei=Noriko T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=WiscSIMS, Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Submarine Resources Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=WiscSIMS, Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=497 end-page=503 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250205 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Five-year outcomes with gefitinib induction and chemoradiotherapy in EGFR-mutant stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: LOGIK0902/OLCSG0905 phase II study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background We previously showed the 2-year OS rate, the primary endpoint, of 90% in a phase II trial of gefitinib induction followed by chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in unresectable, stage III, EGFR-mutant, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, neither long-term survival data nor late-phase adverse event profiles have been presented.
Patients and methods Patients with unresectable, EGFR-mutant, stage III NSCLC were administered gefitinib monotherapy for 8 weeks. After confirming no disease progression during induction therapy, cisplatin and docetaxel on days 1, 8, 29, and 36 with concurrent radiotherapy at a total dose of 60 Gy were subsequently administered.
Results In the enrolled twenty patients, the 5-year OS rate and median survival time were 70.0% [95% confidence interval: 45.1–85.3] and 5.5 years [4.91-NE], respectively, whereas 5-year PFS rate and median PFS time were 15.0% (3.7–33.5) and 1.4 years [0.69–2.29], respectively. Efficacy did not seem influenced even if radiation field was re-planed in response to the effect of gefitinib induction. As for late adverse events, pulmonary fibrosis occurred in 7 patients (35%). The median time from completion of CRT to the occurrence of the event was 245 days. All were grade 1, and there was no evidence of cavitation of the lesions or chronic infections such as Aspergillus infection during the course of the disease. One case of small cell lung cancer occurred during the period.
Conclusions With longer follow-up time, we demonstrated favorable efficacy with tolerable toxicity profiles in the EGFR-TKI induction followed by standard CRT in EGFR-mutant, stage III, NSCLC.
Trial registration numbers UMIN00005086. https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr.cgi?function=brows&action=brows&recptno=R000006047&type=summary&language=EjRCTs071180036. https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs071180036 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaekiSho en-aut-sei=Saeki en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataShinya en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiMasafumi en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaDaijiro en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Daijiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=BesshoAkihiro en-aut-sei=Bessho en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKentaro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueKoji en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueKoji en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=GembaKenichi en-aut-sei=Gemba en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuboToshio en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoAkiko en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHiromi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoJunji en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShioyamaYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Shioyama en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsuiKuniaki en-aut-sei=Katsui en-aut-mei=Kuniaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugioKenji en-aut-sei=Sugio en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chugoku Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Research and Development of Next Generation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Radiation Oncology, Ion Beam Therapy Center, SAGA HIMAT Foundation kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Non-small-cell lung cancer kn-keyword=Non-small-cell lung cancer en-keyword=Locally advanced setting kn-keyword=Locally advanced setting en-keyword=Chemoradiation kn-keyword=Chemoradiation en-keyword=Epidermal growth factor receptor kn-keyword=Epidermal growth factor receptor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1152 end-page=1153 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250625 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Efficacy of human–robot interaction on local residents en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroishiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kuroishi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiSakura en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Sakura kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KazawaKana en-aut-sei=Kazawa en-aut-mei=Kana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=BizDev, CMIC Trust kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=interaction kn-keyword=interaction en-keyword=resident kn-keyword=resident en-keyword=robot kn-keyword=robot END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=945 end-page=950 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250902 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Long-term and multi-stage ice accumulation in the martian mid-latitudes during the Amazonian en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Subsurface ice in the mid-latitudes of Mars represents one of the largest present-day water ice reservoirs. While atmospheric models predict Late Amazonian (during the past hundreds of millions of years) obliquity-driven ice accumulation, its long-term variations, and the factors influencing accumulation remain unclear. Using geomorphological evidence and numerical modeling, we reveal a southwestern depositional trend within northern mid-latitudinal crater walls and floors. Detailed crater-fill deposit analyses indicate multiple glaciation stages, including an earlier, high-intensity stage followed by a later, lower-intensity stage, both exhibiting this southwestern trend (ca. 640–98 Ma). We conclude that persistent multiple-stage Amazonian glaciations were governed by atmospheric water availability and obliquity-driven climate cycles. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=RujTrishit en-aut-sei=Ruj en-aut-mei=Trishit kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkudaHanaya en-aut-sei=Okuda en-aut-mei=Hanaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomatsuGoro en-aut-sei=Komatsu en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HeadJames W. en-aut-sei=Head en-aut-mei=James W. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UsuiTomohiro en-aut-sei=Usui en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MihiraShun en-aut-sei=Mihira en-aut-mei=Shun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiMakito en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Makito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research (X-star), JAMSTEC kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=International Research School of Planetary Sciences, Università d’Annunzio kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Global Environment and Disaster Prevention, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Brown University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Systems Innovation, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=134 cd-vols= no-issue=24 article-no= start-page=245001 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250616 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Acceleration of Positive Muons by a Radio-Frequency Cavity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Acceleration of positive muons from thermal energy to 100 keV has been demonstrated. Thermal muons were generated by resonant multiphoton ionization of muonium atoms emitted from a sheet of laser-ablated aerogel. The thermal muons were first electrostatically accelerated to 5.7 keV, followed by further acceleration to 100 keV using a radio-frequency quadrupole with an intensity of 2×10−3  𝜇+/pulse. The transverse normalized rms emittance of the accelerated muons in the horizontal and vertical planes were 0.85±0.25⁢(s⁢t⁢a⁢t)+0.22−0.13⁢(syst)   ⁢𝜋 mm mrad and 0.32±0.03⁢(stat)+0.05−0.02⁢(syst)   𝜋 mm mrad, respectively. The measured emittance values demonstrated phase-space reduction by a factor of 2.0 ×102 (horizontal) and 4.1 ×102 (vertical) allowing good acceleration efficiency. These results pave the way to realize the first-ever muon accelerator for a variety of applications in particle physics, material science, and other fields. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AritomeS. en-aut-sei=Aritome en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FutatsukawaK. en-aut-sei=Futatsukawa en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraH. en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayasakaK. en-aut-sei=Hayasaka en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbarakiY. en-aut-sei=Ibaraki en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchikawaT. en-aut-sei=Ichikawa en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IijimaT. en-aut-sei=Iijima en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IinumaH. en-aut-sei=Iinuma en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedoY. en-aut-sei=Ikedo en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiY. en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=InamiK. en-aut-sei=Inami en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaK. en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamalS. en-aut-sei=Kamal en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaS. en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraN. en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraM. en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KodaA. en-aut-sei=Koda en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojiS. en-aut-sei=Koji en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaK. en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoA. en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoY. en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuzubaM. en-aut-sei=Kuzuba en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushitaR. en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=MibeT. en-aut-sei=Mibe en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoY. en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraJ. G. en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=J. G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakazawaY. en-aut-sei=Nakazawa en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaS. en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=28 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiY. en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=29 ORCID= en-aut-name=OlinA. en-aut-sei=Olin en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=30 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaniM. en-aut-sei=Otani en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=31 ORCID= en-aut-name=OyamaS. en-aut-sei=Oyama en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=32 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoN. en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=33 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoH. en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=34 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoT. en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=35 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoY. en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=36 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimomuraK. en-aut-sei=Shimomura en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=37 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShioyaZ. en-aut-sei=Shioya en-aut-mei=Z. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=38 ORCID= en-aut-name=StrasserP. en-aut-sei=Strasser en-aut-mei=P. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=39 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiyamaS. en-aut-sei=Sugiyama en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=40 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumiK. en-aut-sei=Sumi en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=41 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiK. en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=42 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiY. en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=43 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanidaM. en-aut-sei=Tanida en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=44 ORCID= en-aut-name=TojoJ. en-aut-sei=Tojo en-aut-mei=J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=45 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaK. en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=46 ORCID= en-aut-name=UetakeS. en-aut-sei=Uetake en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=47 ORCID= en-aut-name=XieX. H. en-aut-sei=Xie en-aut-mei=X. H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=48 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaM. en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=49 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoS. en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=50 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiT. en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=51 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamuraK. en-aut-sei=Yamura en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=52 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaM. en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=53 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaT. en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=54 ORCID= en-aut-name=YotsuzukaM. en-aut-sei=Yotsuzuka en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=55 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Advanced Spectroscopy and Imaging Research (LASIR), University of British Columbia kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University kn-affil= affil-num=28 en-affil=Research Center of Advanced Particle Physics, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=29 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=30 en-affil=Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria kn-affil= affil-num=31 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=32 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=33 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=34 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University kn-affil= affil-num=35 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=36 en-affil=Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=37 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=38 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=39 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=40 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=41 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=42 en-affil=Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=43 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=44 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=45 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=46 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya kn-affil= affil-num=47 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=48 en-affil=School of Physics, Peking University kn-affil= affil-num=49 en-affil=Faculty of Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=50 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=51 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=52 en-affil=Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University kn-affil= affil-num=53 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=54 en-affil=Research Center of Advanced Particle Physics, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=55 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=4 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Indicators for Monitoring Recovery From Surgery to Discharge Using Accelerometer in Patients With Esophageal Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Esophageal cancer is a highly invasive malignancy necessitating esophagectomy, which is associated with considerable postoperative morbidity and prolonged hospitalization. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols recommend early mobilization to facilitate recovery; however, objectively assessing physical activity during hospitalization remains challenging. Traditional methods, such as the 6-min walk test or patient-reported questionnaires can be burdensome, or may not accurately reflect recovery. Accelerometer-based measurement provides a low-burden, objective approach, but previous studies focused on the immediate postoperative period or long after discharge, leaving the recovery trajectory from surgery to discharge underexplored. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaneTakahiro en-aut-sei=Yamane en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsutaniManami en-aut-sei=Tetsutani en-aut-mei=Manami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamuraShota en-aut-sei=Yamamura en-aut-mei=Shota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoAiru en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Airu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanumaMoe en-aut-sei=Tanuma en-aut-mei=Moe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HonjohMina en-aut-sei=Honjoh en-aut-mei=Mina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriwakiYoshiko en-aut-sei=Moriwaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NomaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Noma en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeShunsuke en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaNaoaki en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Naoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuokaYoshikazu en-aut-sei=Matsuoka en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaMizuki en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Mizuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morimatsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biomedical Informatics, Okayama University Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Biomedical Informatics, Okayama University Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=actigraphy kn-keyword=actigraphy en-keyword=esophageal cancer kn-keyword=esophageal cancer en-keyword=monitoring indicator kn-keyword=monitoring indicator en-keyword=physical activity kn-keyword=physical activity en-keyword=postoperative recovery kn-keyword=postoperative recovery en-keyword=surgery‐to‐discharge kn-keyword=surgery‐to‐discharge END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1142 end-page=1155.e6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Compound starch granule formation in grass seeds is associated with distinct temporal patterns of gene expression en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There is extensive interspecies variation in starch granule morphology in the endosperm of grass species, but the factors underpinning this variation are poorly understood. The two major granule morphology types among species are simple and compound granules, where simple granules arise from a single initiation per amyloplast, and compound granules form from multiple granule initiations. Here, we carried out an extensive survey of seed starch morphology, examining specimens from 105 species within the Pooideae using electron microscopy. This not only expanded our current knowledge of the diversity of starch granule types but also confirmed the homoplasy of simple and compound starch granules. We then selected species representing independent origins of simple (Brachyelytrum japonicum, Phaenosperma globosa, and Brachypodium distachyon) and compound granules (Nardus stricta, Melica altissima, and Calamagrostis brachytricha) for analysis of starch structure and gene expression. There were no clear patterns in starch content, amylopectin structure, or amylose content that could distinguish the two granule types. However, comparative transcriptomics over seed development revealed gene expression patterns associated with granule type, most notably increasing expression of STARCH SYNTHASE 3a (SS3a), STARCH BRANCHING ENZYME 1 (SBE1), and limit dextrinases (LDAs) between 3 and 9 days post anthesis in species with compound granules. Mutation of these genes in rice, which natively produces compound granules, resulted in altered granule shape and/or size. Our work highlights differences in gene expression that could contribute to natural variation in granule morphology within the Pooideae while providing important new starch phenotype and gene expression datasets that can be widely used to study endosperm development. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Watson-LazowskiAlexander en-aut-sei=Watson-Lazowski en-aut-mei=Alexander kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FeikeDoreen en-aut-sei=Feike en-aut-mei=Doreen kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NgaiQi Yang en-aut-sei=Ngai en-aut-mei=Qi Yang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=EschLara en-aut-sei=Esch en-aut-mei=Lara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaNaoko en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Naoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushimaRyo en-aut-sei=Matsushima en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SmithAlison M. en-aut-sei=Smith en-aut-mei=Alison M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeungDavid en-aut-sei=Seung en-aut-mei=David kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park kn-affil= en-keyword=amylopectin kn-keyword=amylopectin en-keyword=amylose kn-keyword=amylose en-keyword=endosperm kn-keyword=endosperm en-keyword=grasses kn-keyword=grasses en-keyword=starch kn-keyword=starch en-keyword=starch granule kn-keyword=starch granule en-keyword=transcriptomics kn-keyword=transcriptomics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=8183 end-page=8197 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260530 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Solution Structure and Counterion Condensation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose in Organic Solvents en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report scattering (SANS and SAXS) and electrical conductivity data for aqueous and organic solutions of carboxymethyl cellulose with tetrabutylammonium counterions. For SANS in deuterated solvents, the contrast is heavily dominated by the hydrogen-rich counterions, while for SAXS the polymer backbone has a more significant contribution to the scattering signal. The correlation length calculated from the SAXS measurements follows a scaling law of ξ ∝ c–1/2, while that measured by SANS displays a weaker exponent at higher concentrations for solvents of high dielectric constants. These results indicate a decoupling in the characteristic length scales of fluctuations of the polymer backbone and counterions at high polyelectrolyte concentrations. The stretching parameter calculated from the correlation length indicates a highly stretched local conformation for TBACMC in water and several high dielectric constant solvents, consistent with the semiflexible nature of the cellulose backbone. In solvents of lower dielectric permittivity, the chains display a higher degree of local coiling. Combining electrical conductivity and scattering data, we find that the fraction of monomers bearing a dissociated charge is nearly independent of concentration and approximately proportional to the reciprocal of the Bjerrum length of the solvent, as expected by the Oosawa-Manning model. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GulatiAnish en-aut-sei=Gulati en-aut-mei=Anish kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MengLingzi en-aut-sei=Meng en-aut-mei=Lingzi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HouCan en-aut-sei=Hou en-aut-mei=Can kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LopezCarlos G. en-aut-sei=Lopez en-aut-mei=Carlos G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Materials Science and Engineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Materials Science and Engineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University kn-affil= en-keyword=polyelectrolyte kn-keyword=polyelectrolyte en-keyword=scattering kn-keyword=scattering en-keyword=conductivity kn-keyword=conductivity en-keyword=cellulose kn-keyword=cellulose en-keyword=condensation kn-keyword=condensation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=69 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=加齢に係る変化意識，主観的幸福感，心理的ストレスの関連 kn-title=Relationships between awareness of age-related change, subjective well-being, and psychological stress en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=本研究は、加齢に伴う変化の認識（Awareness of Age-Related Change: AARC）、主観的幸福感（Subjective Well-Being:SWB）、および心理的ストレスの縦断的関係の検討を行った。AARC は、ライフスパン発達理論に基づき、心理的適応に重要な役割を果たすとされる。先行研究ではAARC と幸福感の関連が報告されているが、多くは横断研究であり、時間的方向性を考慮した検討は不十分である。そこで本研究では、日本の40 歳以上の成人585 名を対象に、AARC 短縮版（AARC-10 SF）、人生満足度尺度（SWLS）、心理的ストレス尺度（K6）を用いて、2 時点（2022 年7 月、2023 年10 月）でオンライン調査を実施した。交差遅延効果モデルの分析の結果、AARC-gains とSWLS の間に双方向の関連が認められ、AARC-gains が高い人ほど後の主観的幸福感が高く、その逆も成立することが示された。一方、心理的ストレスはAARC-losses に対して一方向の関連が確認され、ストレスが高い人ほど後のAARC-losses が高いことが示された。これらの結果は、ライフスパン発達理論の枠組みと整合し、加齢に伴う適応過程の理解を深めるものである。介入においては、AARC-gains を促進し幸福感を高めることが高齢者のサクセスフル・エイジングに寄与する可能性がある。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShiraishiNatsue en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=Natsue kn-aut-name=白石 奈津栄 kn-aut-sei=白石 kn-aut-mei=奈津栄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BrothersAllyson en-aut-sei=Brothers en-aut-mei=Allyson kn-aut-name=ブラザーズ アリソン kn-aut-sei=ブラザーズ kn-aut-mei=アリソン aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=山本 康裕 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=康裕 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name=中川 威 kn-aut-sei=中川 kn-aut-mei=威 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriuchiTakashi en-aut-sei=Horiuchi en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=堀内 孝 kn-aut-sei=堀内 kn-aut-mei=孝 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Social and Cultural Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学 大学院社会文化科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil=Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University kn-affil=コロラド州立大学 人間発達・家族学科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学 学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Human Sciences, University of Osaka kn-affil=大阪大学 大学院人間科学研究科 affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学 学術研究院社会文化科学学域 en-keyword=subjective well-being kn-keyword=subjective well-being en-keyword=psychological stress kn-keyword=psychological stress en-keyword=subjective agings kn-keyword=subjective agings en-keyword=awareness of age-related change kn-keyword=awareness of age-related change en-keyword=life satisfaction kn-keyword=life satisfaction END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=rbae144 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=2025 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimizing β-TCP with E-rhBMP-2-infused fibrin for vertical bone regeneration in a mouse calvarium model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effective reconstruction of large bone defects, particularly in thickness, remains one of the major challenges in orthopedic and dental fields. We previously produced an Escherichia coli-based industrial-scale GMP-grade recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (E-rhBMP-2) and showed that the combination of E-rhBMP-2 with beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP/E-rhBMP-2) can effectively promote bone reconstruction. However, the limited mechanical strength and poor morphology retention of β-TCP granules are key points that need optimization to obtain more effective grafts and further expand its clinical applications. Therefore, we combined β-TCP/E-rhBMP-2 with fibrin gel to enhance its mechanical properties and usability for vertical bone regeneration. We investigated the mechanical properties and vertical bone regeneration effects of the materials applied, with or without fibrin containing E-rhBMP-2, in a calvarial defect model in mice. Compression tests were conducted to assess the initial stability of the materials. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were conducted to characterize the presence of fibrin on the scaffold. After 4 and 12 weeks of implantation, micro-computed tomography and histological and immunofluorescent analyses were performed to assess the morphology and volume of the newly formed bone. The fibrin-containing groups had significantly higher initial mechanical strength and higher ability to maintain their morphology in vivo compared to the counterparts without fibrin. However, fibrin gel alone suppressed the bone formation ability of β-TCP/E-rhBMP-2 whereas the presence of high doses of E-rhBMP-2 in fibrin gel resulted in material resorption and enhanced new bone formation. In conclusion, fibrin gel significantly improved the mechanical strength and surgical manageability of the β-TCP/E-rhBMP-2 scaffold, and the addition of E-rhBMP-2 to the fibrin gel further enhanced the vertical bone regeneration and initial structural integrity of the scaffold. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhaoKun en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Kun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoMitsuaki en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Mitsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuXindi en-aut-sei=Mu en-aut-mei=Xindi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangZiyi en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ziyi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=XieShichao en-aut-sei=Xie en-aut-mei=Shichao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonezawaTomoko en-aut-sei=Yonezawa en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoTakuya en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OohashiToshitaka en-aut-sei=Oohashi en-aut-mei=Toshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Dental Biomaterials, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=BMP-2 kn-keyword=BMP-2 en-keyword=fibrin kn-keyword=fibrin en-keyword=vertical bone regeneration kn-keyword=vertical bone regeneration en-keyword=biocompatible materials kn-keyword=biocompatible materials END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=12 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250320 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Early Response After Radiation Therapy on Three-Dimensional Oral Cancer Model Using Patient-Derived Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are an important component of the tumor microenvironment, have been reported to have an adverse effect on conventional radiotherapy. This study aims to elucidate the effects of CAFs in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) using a three-dimensional (3D) oral cancer model. Methods: Three-dimensional cancer models were fabricated using patient-derived CAFs or patient-derived normal oral fibroblasts (NOFs) and a human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Each 3D cancer model was performed with either a conventional X-ray treatment or BNCT and additionally analyzed histomorphologically. Results: The 3D oral cancer-CAFs model demonstrated a greater depth of cancer cell invasion than the 3D oral cancer-NOFs model. Radiation therapy for the 3D oral cancer models indicated a trend for decreasing cancer cell invasion and cell number with dose dependence in both X-ray and BNCT. In comparison with X-rays, BNCT showed a consistent increase in the number of NOFs and a significant reduction in the number of CAFs. Conclusions: BNCT for the 3D oral cancer model was shown to be effective against cancer cells and CAFs but not against NOFs, indicating its usefulness as a minimally invasive treatment for advanced cancer. Furthermore, it is indicated that the 3D oral cancer-CAFs model is a valuable tool to evaluate cancer treatment and research, particularly in high-grade malignant tumors with invasion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoIzumi en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Izumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IgawaKazuyo en-aut-sei=Igawa en-aut-mei=Kazuyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoNatsuko en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Natsuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuraiYoshinori en-aut-sei=Sakurai en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimuraAtsushi en-aut-sei=Fujimura en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakabatakeKiyofumi en-aut-sei=Takabatake en-aut-mei=Kiyofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HuangPeng en-aut-sei=Huang en-aut-mei=Peng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MichiueHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Michiue en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IzumiKenji en-aut-sei=Izumi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Particle Radiation Oncology Center, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Particle Radiation Oncology Center, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Neutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Biomimetics, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University kn-affil= en-keyword=3D model kn-keyword=3D model en-keyword=oral cancer kn-keyword=oral cancer en-keyword=patient-derived cells kn-keyword=patient-derived cells en-keyword=cancer-associated fibroblasts kn-keyword=cancer-associated fibroblasts en-keyword=radiation treatment kn-keyword=radiation treatment en-keyword=boron neutron capture therapy kn-keyword=boron neutron capture therapy en-keyword=malignant tumors kn-keyword=malignant tumors END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=324 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250531 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Global Incidence Trend of Early-Onset Obesity-Related and Non-Obesity-Related Cancers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The global rise in obesity prevalence and the incidence of early-onset cancer (diagnosed between 20 and 49 years of age) is a serious public health concern. We, therefore, evaluated the recent global trends in the incidence of early-onset obesity-related cancers and compared them to those of non-obesity-related cancers. We obtained age-standardized incidence rates of early-onset cancers diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 in 44 countries from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents database. Using joinpoint regression models, we calculated the average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for combined and individual categories of obesity-related cancers (11 and 9 cancer types in females and males, respectively) and non-obesity-related cancers (12 cancer types in both females and males). Differences in the AAPC were assessed by comparing 95% CIs, where nonoverlapping 95% CIs were considered statistically significantly different. We observed statistically significant positive AAPCs for early-onset obesity-related cancers in all available countries combined among females (global AAPC, 4.3%; 95% CI, 4.1–4.6%) and males (global AAPC, 1.4%; 95% CI, 1.2–1.7%). When analyzed by countries, we observed statistically significant positive AAPCs in 26 countries among females and 11 countries among males. AAPCs for early-onset obesity-related cancers were statistically significantly higher than those of non-obesity-related cancers in several regions, especially North America and Oceania. In conclusion, this study indicates that the incidence of early-onset obesity-related cancers exhibited a more pronounced increasing trend than non-obesity-related cancers among both sexes in many countries and regions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TerashimaMiyu en-aut-sei=Terashima en-aut-mei=Miyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaKota en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Kota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UgaiSatoko en-aut-sei=Ugai en-aut-mei=Satoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LeeHwa-Young en-aut-sei=Lee en-aut-mei=Hwa-Young kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukumoYuta en-aut-sei=Tsukumo en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiEtsuji en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Etsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizunoHiroki en-aut-sei=Mizuno en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SongMinkyo en-aut-sei=Song en-aut-mei=Minkyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasamotoNaoko en-aut-sei=Sasamoto en-aut-mei=Naoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawachiIchiro en-aut-sei=Kawachi en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=UgaiTomotaka en-aut-sei=Ugai en-aut-mei=Tomotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02215, USA kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Public Health and Healthcare Management, The Catholic University of Korea kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health kn-affil= en-keyword=neoplasms kn-keyword=neoplasms en-keyword=etiology kn-keyword=etiology en-keyword=risk factors kn-keyword=risk factors en-keyword=global health kn-keyword=global health en-keyword=young adults kn-keyword=young adults END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=001363 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250408 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Whole-genome-based characterization of Escherichia albertii strains isolated from paediatric diarrhoeal cases in Kolkata, India en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Escherichia albertii is a Gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacterium that causes diarrhoea in humans. This study shows the isolation of E. albertii from hospitalized paediatric diarrhoeal cases and genome-based characteristics with putative virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance. E. albertii isolates were identified by species-specific PCR, targeting the gene encoding cytolethal distending toxin (Ea-cdt). The genome of E. albertii was sequenced to identify (i) genes encoding virulence factors (ii) antibiotic resistance-encoding genes, including the mobile genetic elements and (iii) core gene-based phylogenetic relationships and pan-genome features. A total of 10 (1.2%) E. albertii isolates were isolated from 854 faecal samples, of which 6 (60%) were found as the sole pathogen and the remaining 4 (40%) were identified along with other pathogens, such as enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, rotavirus and adenovirus. Patients from whom E. albertii was isolated presented cholera-like diarrhoea, i.e. with watery stool (60%) with moderate dehydration (100%), fever (20%) and abdominal pain (20%). The antimicrobial susceptibility testing of E. albertii showed that most of the isolates were susceptible or reduced susceptible to most of the antibiotics except resistance to erythromycin (80%), tetracycline (50%), nalidixic acid (40%), ampicillin (40%), doxycycline (30%) and ceftriaxone (20%). In the whole-genome sequence, E. albertii isolates revealed several virulence-encoding genes, namely the intimin (eae, E. coli attaching and effacing), the cytolethal distending toxin type II subunit A (cdt-IIA), adhesion (paa, porcine attaching- and effacing-associated), non-LEE (locus of enterocyte effacement) encoded effector A (nleA) and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) conferring resistance to tetracycline (tetA, tetR), sulphonamides (sul2), fluoroquinolones (qnrS) and beta-lactamases (blaCTX-M, blaTEM). The SNP-based phylogenetic analysis of 647 whole genomes of E. albertii isolates from the National Center for Biotechnology Information databases did not reveal any comparable clustering pattern based on the biological source and place of isolation. The genome of some of the E. albertii was closely related to those of the isolates from China and the United Kingdom. The PFGE patterns revealed that most of the E. albertii isolates were distinct clones. This study reports on the extensive genome analysis of diarrhoea-associated E. albertii harbouring multiple virulence and ARGs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChowdhuryGoutam en-aut-sei=Chowdhury en-aut-mei=Goutam kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoshikoYuki en-aut-sei=Hoshiko en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkunoMiki en-aut-sei=Okuno en-aut-mei=Miki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaharaKei en-aut-sei=Kitahara en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AlbertM John en-aut-sei=Albert en-aut-mei=M John kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraYoshitoshi en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Yoshitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=DuttaShanta en-aut-sei=Dutta en-aut-mei=Shanta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=RamamurthyThandavarayan en-aut-sei=Ramamurthy en-aut-mei=Thandavarayan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukhopadhyayAsish K. en-aut-sei=Mukhopadhyay en-aut-mei=Asish K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kuwait University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases kn-affil= en-keyword=antimicrobial resistance kn-keyword=antimicrobial resistance en-keyword=diarrhoea kn-keyword=diarrhoea en-keyword=E. albertii kn-keyword=E. albertii en-keyword=virulence kn-keyword=virulence en-keyword=whole-genome sequence kn-keyword=whole-genome sequence END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=301 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=108273 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202503 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Taste receptor type 1 member 3 in osteoclasts regulates osteoclastogenesis via detection of glucose en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The taste system extends beyond the oral cavity, with various taste receptors found in extraoral organs. Mice deficient in the taste receptor type 1 (TAS1R) family member, TAS1R3, and fed a high-fat, high-sugar diet showed high bone mass without altering food consumption. However, the underlying mechanisms, including the cell types responsible for TAS1R3 expression, remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate the expression and function of TAS1R3 in osteoclasts, which are responsible for bone resorption. The expression of Tas1r3, but not Tas1r1 or Tas1r2, is evoked during osteoclast differentiation. Osteoclastogenesis-related genes were downregulated in TAS1R3-deficient mice, whereas the opposite phenotypes were elicited by TAS1R3 overexpression. Contrary to the common heterodimerization with TAS1R1 or TAS1R2, TAS1R3 formed a homodimer that functioned to detect glucose, enhance p38 phosphorylation, and induce osteoclastogenesis. These results provide novel insights into the role of TAS1R3 in bone metabolism and suggest that TAS1R3 may be a viable target for therapeutic agents in bone metabolic diseases. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshimuraAnna en-aut-sei=Yoshimura en-aut-mei=Anna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaraTakuma en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Takuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KodamaNao en-aut-sei=Kodama en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakutaYoshimitsu en-aut-sei=Kakuta en-aut-mei=Yoshimitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasudaKazuma en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaminumaOsamu en-aut-sei=Kaminuma en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosomiShuhei en-aut-sei=Hosomi en-aut-mei=Shuhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinkawaHiroji en-aut-sei=Shinkawa en-aut-mei=Hiroji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuanQuan en-aut-sei=Yuan en-aut-mei=Quan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamotoTatsuo en-aut-sei=Kawamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KokabuShoichiro en-aut-sei=Kokabu en-aut-mei=Shoichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Laboratory of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Disease Model, Research Institute of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Orofacial Functions and Orthodontics, Kyushu Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University kn-affil= en-keyword=glucose kn-keyword=glucose en-keyword=osteoclasts kn-keyword=osteoclasts en-keyword=p38 kn-keyword=p38 en-keyword=TAS1R3 kn-keyword=TAS1R3 en-keyword=taste receptor kn-keyword=taste receptor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=126 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=106710 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202503 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Proteome analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms of fucoxanthin-induced apoptosis in glial cells PC12 after nanoencapsulation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fucoxanthin (FX) is a natural pigment belonging to the xanthophyll carotenoid, which has been proven to have inhibitory effects on glioblastoma. In our previous study, nano-FX was fabricated through whey protein and flaxseed gum co-encapsulated for improved stability and glial cell (PC12) inhibitory activity of FX. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of FX-induced apoptosis in PC12 after nanoencapsulation, proteomics analysis based on TMT technology was performed. Protein profiles in PC12 were determined after 0 (Control), 8 (L_Treat), and 24 (H_Treat) μg/mL nano-FX intervention. Results indicated 78 differential abundant proteins (DAPs) linked to the cytotoxicity of nano-FX could be potential biomarkers. GO and KEGG analysis revealed altered proteasome and NF-kappa B/MAPK/TNF. Proteins involved in cell proliferation were downregulated, while proteins response to autophagy and apoptosis were upregulated. The multiple mechanisms involved in the anti-tumor activity of nano-FX will provide a reference for the development of FX high value-added functional foods. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangChunyan en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Chunyan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaXinxin en-aut-sei=Ma en-aut-mei=Xinxin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraYoshimasa en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=QiHang en-aut-sei=Qi en-aut-mei=Hang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University kn-affil= en-keyword=Fucoxanthin kn-keyword=Fucoxanthin en-keyword=Nanoencapsulation kn-keyword=Nanoencapsulation en-keyword=Apoptosis kn-keyword=Apoptosis en-keyword=Proteome analysis kn-keyword=Proteome analysis en-keyword=Molecular mechanisms kn-keyword=Molecular mechanisms END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=111 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1705 end-page=1715 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250911 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Distinct interleukin-6 production in IPL and TAFRO subtypes of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by systemic inflammation and lymphadenopathy. Two major clinical subtypes, idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy (iMCD-IPL) and iMCD with thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, renal dysfunction/reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly (iMCD-TAFRO), have distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. While interleukin-6 (IL-6) is known to be elevated in iMCD, differences in the sources of IL-6 production between subtypes remain unclear. We examined the source of IL-6 production and its transcriptional regulation across iMCD subtypes using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and gene expression profiling. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization revealed that plasma cells were the predominant IL-6-expressing cells in iMCD-IPL, whereas vascular endothelial cells expressed IL-6 in iMCD-TAFRO. Plasma cells exhibited stronger IL-6 protein expression in iMCD-IPL than in iMCD-TAFRO. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of XBP1, MZB1, DERL3, SSR4, FKBP11, FKBP2, PIM2, RABAC1, and SDF2L1 in iMCD-IPL, implicating endoplasmic reticulum stress and plasma cell differentiation in IL-6 dysregulation. Our findings suggest that XBP1-mediated IL-6 production may contribute to the pathogenesis of iMCD-IPL, potentially explaining its favorable responses to IL-6 blockade therapy. In contrast, IL-6 production in iMCD-TAFRO may be predominantly from vascular endothelial cells, suggesting that elevated serum IL-6 is a secondary phenomenon of the cytokine storm in this subtype. Future studies should clarify how proteomics and gene expression profiling could inform subtype-specific therapeutic strategies in iMCD. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishikoriAsami en-aut-sei=Nishikori en-aut-mei=Asami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraMidori Filiz en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Midori Filiz kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaRio en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Rio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaratakeTomoka en-aut-sei=Haratake en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnnishiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ennishi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChijimatsuRyota en-aut-sei=Chijimatsu en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoToshihiro en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OchiSayaka en-aut-sei=Ochi en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaYuri en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Yuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=UetaHimawari en-aut-sei=Ueta en-aut-mei=Himawari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaYudai en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Yudai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=GonzalezMichael V. en-aut-sei=Gonzalez en-aut-mei=Michael V. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=FajgenbaumDavid C. en-aut-sei=Fajgenbaum en-aut-mei=David C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=Van RheeFrits en-aut-sei=Van Rhee en-aut-mei=Frits kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=MomoseShuji en-aut-sei=Momose en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYasuharu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=236 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=112768 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An algorithm to calculate physical density of biomedical objects having 3 ≤ Zeff ≤ 20: an application study using clinical photon-counting computed tomography equipment en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Recently, photon-counting computed tomography (PC-CT) devices have become clinically available for X-ray diagnosis, and developments of analysis algorithms to generate various quantitative images have focused attention. This study proposes an algorithm to calculate the effective physical density (ρeff) of biological objects having an effective atomic number (Zeff) of 3–20. In our procedure, ρeff was determined when fitting the interaction cross sections (σs) to the measured linear attenuation coefficients (μs), which were determined from virtual monochromatic images (VMIs). In this process, the Zeff was analyzed in advance, and this information was fed back to the ρeff analysis. A key feature of our procedure is that it does not require calibration processes based on specific substances, which allow us to analyze any substance without making assumptions.
To validate the availability of the proposed algorithm, we conducted an experiment using a clinical PC-CT scanner. A multi-energy CT phantom, a water phantom, an in-house low-density phantom, food samples, and a chest phantom were scanned. The results showed that our procedure can calculate ρeff of water with an uncertainty of 4.5%. The academic significance of the present research results lies in demonstrating that the factors contributing to contrast, previously obtained from CT values, can be physically interpreted using information from Zeff and ρeff. This analysis cannot be performed with conventional single-energy CT scanners and is possible with PC-CT and dual-energy CT scanners. Our novel procedure is expected to provide useful additional information in X-ray diagnosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigamiRina en-aut-sei=Nishigami en-aut-mei=Rina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaharaTakashi en-aut-sei=Asahara en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimotoNatsumi en-aut-sei=Kimoto en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiDaiki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitaniMana en-aut-sei=Mitani en-aut-mei=Mana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiNoriaki en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigakiFumiyo en-aut-sei=Higaki en-aut-mei=Fumiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=College of Transdisciplinary Sciences for Innovation, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Radiological Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Junshin Gakuen University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Radiological Technology, Medical Support Department, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Computed tomography kn-keyword=Computed tomography en-keyword=Photon counting kn-keyword=Photon counting en-keyword=Physical density image kn-keyword=Physical density image en-keyword=Virtual monochromatic image kn-keyword=Virtual monochromatic image en-keyword=Diagnostic X-rays kn-keyword=Diagnostic X-rays END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=295 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=51 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A novel spontaneous rat model of chronic kidney disease with mitochondrial dysfunction driven by thioredoxin insufficiency en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden with high prevalence and poor prognosis. Although oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have been implicated in its pathogenesis, in vivo causal evidence remains limited. Thioredoxin (Trx), encoded by Txn1, is a redox-active protein that plays a central role in controlling oxidative stress and maintaining intracellular redox homeostasis.
Methods: To address this gap, we investigated the lifelong phenotypes of Txn1-F54L mutant rats harboring approximately one-third of the normal Trx activity. These rats were generated via N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis and validated by clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 genome editing. Comprehensive analyses included biochemical testing, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, RNA-sequencing, western blotting, and cytokine profiling.
Results: Txn1-F54L mutant rats spontaneously developed progressive CKD, with median survival times of 110–119 days for homozygotes and 303–346 days for heterozygotes. Their clinical features—elevated blood urea nitrogen, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and arterial medial sclerosis—closely resembled those of human CKD. Histopathological evaluation revealed extensive tubular injury, interstitial fibrosis, and glomerulosclerosis. Transcriptomic profiling identified 3,418 differentially expressed genes significantly enriched in immune activation and fibrosis pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunction was prominent in proximal tubules, accompanied by oxidative stress accumulation and concurrent activation of regulated cell death pathways (apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis). Elevated serum levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and interferon-γ indicated systemic inflammation.
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that lifelong Trx deficiency induces oxidative stress–mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and regulated cell death, leading to inflammation and progressive CKD. This study establishes the Txn1 mutant rat as a valuable spontaneous CKD model, providing translational insights and a platform for developing therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress–induced pathways. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhmoriIori K. en-aut-sei=Ohmori en-aut-mei=Iori K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OuchidaMamoru en-aut-sei=Ouchida en-aut-mei=Mamoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HadaYoshiko en-aut-sei=Hada en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaHaruhito A. en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Haruhito A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyokuniShinya en-aut-sei=Toyokuni en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MashimoTomoji en-aut-sei=Mashimo en-aut-mei=Tomoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Section of Developmental Physiology and Pathology, Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Animal Genetics, Laboratory Animal Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= en-keyword=Chronic kidney disease kn-keyword=Chronic kidney disease en-keyword=Mitochondria kn-keyword=Mitochondria en-keyword=Thioredoxin kn-keyword=Thioredoxin en-keyword=Trx kn-keyword=Trx en-keyword=Txn1 kn-keyword=Txn1 en-keyword=Regulated cell death kn-keyword=Regulated cell death END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=12 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260616 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Interfacial Bond Strength of Resin Cement to Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Using Experimental Primers Doping Multifunctional Methacrylate and Acrylate Monomers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a high-performance thermoplastic polymer with low surface energy, chemical inertness, and a highly crystalline structure, which limit durable adhesion to resin-based materials and require improved bonding strategies. This in vitro study evaluated the effect of incorporating multifunctional methacrylate (TMPTMA) and acrylate monomers (A-TMPT and A-DPH) into an experimental primer on the 24 h shear bond strength (SBS) of resin cement to PEEK (n = 6 per group). Experimental primers were prepared by adding varying amounts (100–500 µL) of each multifunctional monomer to a UDMA/MMA-based primer, and SBS was measured after cementation with a dual-cure resin cement. TMPTMA-containing primers produced median SBS values of approximately 10–12 MPa, while acrylate-based primers showed slightly higher values, particularly at higher concentrations, reaching up to ~15.8 MPa; however, no statistically significant improvement over the control group was observed (p > 0.05). Failure modes were predominantly mixed across all conditions. These findings indicate that multifunctional monomers, despite their potential to enhance cross-link density and wetting, do not substantially overcome the intrinsic adhesion-resistant nature of polished PEEK. The results underscore that monomer modification alone is insufficient and that effective adhesion to PEEK likely requires integrated strategies combining chemical activation with mechanical surface conditioning. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MaruoYukinori en-aut-sei=Maruo en-aut-mei=Yukinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiharaKumiko en-aut-sei=Yoshihara en-aut-mei=Kumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IrieMasao en-aut-sei=Irie en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaokaNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Nagaoka en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KodamaNaoki en-aut-sei=Kodama en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYuki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwaharaMiho en-aut-sei=Kuwahara en-aut-mei=Miho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkiyamaKentaro en-aut-sei=Akiyama en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Prosthodontics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University Dental School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Prosthodontics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=PEEK kn-keyword=PEEK en-keyword=functional monomer kn-keyword=functional monomer en-keyword=bond strength kn-keyword=bond strength en-keyword=methacrylate kn-keyword=methacrylate en-keyword=acrylate kn-keyword=acrylate END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=998 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260613 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Disease-Suppressive Activity of Lecithin Against Foliar Infection by Rhizoctonia solani Isolates in Cabbage, Rice, and Brachypodium distachyon en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rhizoctonia solani is a necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungus that causes disease in various crops. In agriculture, many crops suffer from root or seedling rot caused by this soil-borne pathogen, whereas cabbage and rice develop lesion-like symptoms on aboveground tissues. Diseases caused by R. solani are generally controlled using chemical fungicides; however, environmentally friendly alternatives are needed for sustainable agriculture. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of lecithin, a mixture of phospholipids previously registered in Japan as an agrochemical for controlling cucumber powdery mildew, against Rhizoctonia diseases. In cabbage, foliar spraying of 0.2–1.0% soybean lecithin effectively suppressed leaf symptoms caused by R. solani isolate RhiCa-2, which was identified as AG-1 IB. In rice and Brachypodium distachyon, 0.2–1.0% lecithin significantly suppressed leaf symptoms induced by R. solani AG-1 IA. Hyphal staining of inoculated leaves revealed reduced hyphal density on lecithin-treated leaves. Consistently, hyphal growth of R. solani on cellophane placed on water agar was retarded by lecithin treatment. However, 5.0% lecithin induced phytotoxicity in B. distachyon. Egg yolk-derived lecithin also exhibited disease-suppressive activity in cabbage and B. distachyon, with efficacy comparable to that of soybean lecithin under the conditions tested. These results suggest that lecithin suppresses foliar infection by R. solani, at least in part, through direct inhibitory effects on fungal hyphae, and may serve as a potential alternative material for disease control in sustainable crop production. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=CuongTran Xuan en-aut-sei=Cuong en-aut-mei=Tran Xuan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanoMisaki en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Misaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HonmaDaiki en-aut-sei=Honma en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoedaMoeko en-aut-sei=Soeda en-aut-mei=Moeko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMegumi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataNanami en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiHidenori en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaKentaro en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoutoshiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Noutoshi en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Faculty of Bioscience and Applied Chemistry, Hosei University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani kn-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani en-keyword=foliar symptoms kn-keyword=foliar symptoms en-keyword=leaf infection kn-keyword=leaf infection en-keyword=cabbage kn-keyword=cabbage en-keyword=rice kn-keyword=rice en-keyword=Brachypodium distachyon kn-keyword=Brachypodium distachyon END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=992 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260612 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=UGT76B1 and 41 Additional Arabidopsis UDP-Glycosyltransferases Show No Detectable In Vitro Glycosylation Activity Toward N-Hydroxypipecolic Acid en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) is a key mobile signal in systemic acquired resistance in plants, and its glycosylation has been proposed to regulate immune signaling. Previous studies have demonstrated that the UDP-glycosyltransferase UGT76B1, known as an SA glycosyltransferase in Arabidopsis thaliana, also catalyzes NHP glycosylation. In this study, we re-evaluated NHP glycosylation activity of UGT76B1 using an in vitro enzyme-coupled fluorescence assay that quantitatively detects UDP released during UDP-sugar-dependent glycosylation. Unexpectedly, our biochemical analyses demonstrated that UGT76B1 lacks genuine glycosylation activity toward NHP under the in vitro assay conditions tested, although this system clearly detected UGT76B1 activity toward salicylic acid (SA), as well as the activities of UGT74F1 and UGT72B1 toward SA and hydroquinone, respectively. To explore potential UGTs responsible for NHP glycosylation, we evaluated the enzymatic activities of 41 UGT candidates successfully expressed in Escherichia coli, which are selected based on transcriptomic responses to tenoxicam treatment, molecular docking simulations using AlphaFold3/AutoDock Vina, phylogenetic criteria, and previous reports. Within this selected and successfully expressed UGT panel, none exhibited authentic NHP glycosylation activity, although this does not preclude the possibility that other members of the Arabidopsis UGT family possess NHP glycosyltransferase activity. Our findings challenge the prevailing view that UGT76B1 is the primary glycosyltransferase for NHP in A. thaliana and indicate that NHP metabolism may rely on undiscovered non-canonical enzymes or distinct metabolic pathways that warrant further investigation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BaoJiyuan en-aut-sei=Bao en-aut-mei=Jiyuan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchiyamaTaiga en-aut-sei=Uchiyama en-aut-mei=Taiga kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KusunokiKazuki en-aut-sei=Kusunoki en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinoharaYuka en-aut-sei=Shinohara en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanigawaYurika en-aut-sei=Tanigawa en-aut-mei=Yurika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMegumi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataNanami en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Nanami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiHidenori en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoutoshiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Noutoshi en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=School of Agriculture, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=UGT76B1 kn-keyword=UGT76B1 en-keyword=N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) kn-keyword=N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) en-keyword=salicylic acid (SA) kn-keyword=salicylic acid (SA) en-keyword=glycosyltransferase kn-keyword=glycosyltransferase en-keyword=plant immunity kn-keyword=plant immunity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=5705 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260119 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Variations in the perceived value of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics based on physicians’ clinical backgrounds en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Although the global emergency phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has ended, antiviral therapy remains crucial for patients at high risk of severe illness. In Japan, the out-of-pocket costs for antiviral drugs shifted from full public coverage to partial patient payment in April 2024. However, the impact of physicians’ background characteristics on antiviral cost perceptions and prescribing behavior remains underexplored. This study involved a secondary analysis of a nationwide, web-based interventional survey of 1,500 physicians treating COVID-19. Participants reported whether they avoided prescribing antivirals owing to drug costs and identified what they considered an appropriate cost per treatment course. Associations between physicians’ characteristics and their cost perceptions were analyzed. Among 1,500 physicians surveyed, 1,193 (79.5%) reported avoiding antiviral prescriptions owing to drug costs. The most commonly selected appropriate cost was ≤ 33 USD (65.0%). Generalists, pulmonologists, ear, nose, and throat specialists, and clinic-based physicians were more likely to refrain from prescribing antivirals and favor lower treatment costs compared with physicians in other specialties or hospital settings. A multivariate analysis revealed workplace setting as the only factor independently associated with cost-related prescribing behavior. High antiviral drug costs in Japan may contribute to underprescription, particularly among clinic-based physicians, and this underprescription could hypothetically lead to delays in treatment, which might increase the risk of severe outcomes in high-risk patients. As high-risk patients with mild COVID-19 often first seek care in clinics, promoting appropriate antiviral use in these settings is essential. Strengthening communication and sharing clinical experiences between hospitals and clinics may help reduce prescribing disparities driven by drug costs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HagiwaraAkihiko en-aut-sei=Hagiwara en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomiyaKosaku en-aut-sei=Komiya en-aut-mei=Kosaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShindoYuichiro en-aut-sei=Shindo en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamatsuKazufumi en-aut-sei=Takamatsu en-aut-mei=Kazufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraNaoki en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakechiYukako en-aut-sei=Takechi en-aut-mei=Yukako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakazonoTakahiro en-aut-sei=Takazono en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IzumiShinyu en-aut-sei=Izumi en-aut-mei=Shinyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotohShimpei en-aut-sei=Gotoh en-aut-mei=Shimpei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaoSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Sakao en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IzumoTakehiro en-aut-sei=Izumo en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKazuko en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=YateraKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Yatera en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakeyaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kakeya en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataYoko en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomiiKeisuke en-aut-sei=Tomii en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SagaraHironori en-aut-sei=Sagara en-aut-mei=Hironori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiYuka en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraiToyohiro en-aut-sei=Hirai en-aut-mei=Toyohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaAkihito en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukaeHiroshi en-aut-sei=Mukae en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraTakashi en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Iki-iki Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell, Research and Application, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, First Department of Internal Medicine, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Infection Control Science, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Showa Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Center for Pulmonary Disease, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Antiviral kn-keyword=Antiviral en-keyword=COVID-19 kn-keyword=COVID-19 en-keyword=Prescription kn-keyword=Prescription en-keyword=Workplace kn-keyword=Workplace END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=312 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Batch-Based VNF Deployment Mechanism for Privacy-Preserving Multi-Domain SFC Deployment Using Deep Reinforcement Learning en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Future 6G networks require higher performance and wider service coverage. Multi-domain Service Function Chain (SFC) deployment enables service provisioning across multiple network domains to meet these demands. However, when collaboration occurs among different network operators, privacy-preserving mechanisms are required to protect sensitive information such as internal topology and resource availability. Existing SIRM-based mechanisms, such as the Privacy-Preserving Deployment Mechanism (PPDM), address this challenge but suffer from structural limitations: PPDM performs whole-chain feasibility evaluation with extensive virtual occupation. This paper proposes a ℬ-Batch Sequential Deployment mechanism for privacy-preserving multi-domain SFC deployment. Instead of evaluating whole-chain feasibility at once, the proposed ℬ-Batch mechanism partitions each incoming SFC into fixed-size VNF batches and constructs a batch-level SIRM. This design confines virtual occupation to the current batch and reduces both its magnitude and duration while remaining fully compatible with the SIRM privacy model and the hierarchical multi-domain control architecture. A Deep Q-Network (DQN) is employed to learn substrate node selection policies based solely on SIRM-based state information, without exposing domain-internal topology or resource details. Simulation results on a three-domain AARNET substrate topology demonstrate that the proposed mechanism consistently improves deployment robustness under varying traffic intensities and SFC lengths, including short (3–6 VNFs), medium (6–9 VNFs), and long (9–12 VNFs) service chains. Compared with PPDM, the proposed ℬ-Batch mechanism achieves higher acceptance ratios under moderate-to-heavy traffic while reducing end-to-end delay and improving average substrate resource utilization. Node selection analysis further shows that smaller batch sizes preserve feasibility through compact node reuse, whereas larger batch sizes encourage broader substrate exploration. Overall, the proposed ℬ-Batch mechanism enhances feasibility preservation and deployment robustness in privacy-preserving multi-domain SFC orchestration. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IrawanArif Indra en-aut-sei=Irawan en-aut-mei=Arif Indra kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaYukinobu en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Yukinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Service Function Chain (SFC) kn-keyword=Service Function Chain (SFC) en-keyword=Virtual Network Embedding (VNE) kn-keyword=Virtual Network Embedding (VNE) en-keyword=privacy preservation kn-keyword=privacy preservation en-keyword=SIRM kn-keyword=SIRM en-keyword=Virtual Network Function (VNF) kn-keyword=Virtual Network Function (VNF) en-keyword=Deep Q-network (DQN) kn-keyword=Deep Q-network (DQN) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=219 end-page=223 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Common Bile Duct Stone Formed Around an Ingested Fish Bone en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An 86-year-old man presented with epigastric pain. He had previously undergone distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a 32×17 mm common bile duct (CBD) stone with an internal 20 mm linear hyperdense component. Endoscopic removal was unsuccessful due to the size and impaction of the stone. Open choledochotomy retrieved multiple stones and a calcified fish bone, which was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy using the potassium bromide (KBr) wafer method. Although fish bone ingestion is relatively common, this case highlights that such foreign bodies can occasionally serve as a nidus for CBD stone formation, leading to unexpected and clinically significant pathologies. When CT demonstrates a linear high-attenuation intraductal structure, clinicians should suspect a bone fragment and follow a stepwise approach, considering early surgical intervention when endoscopic extraction is unsuccessful or likely to be challenging. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HigashiKaitaro en-aut-sei=Higashi en-aut-mei=Kaitaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabuchiMotoyasu en-aut-sei=Tabuchi en-aut-mei=Motoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoShinya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraShuta en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Shuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UemuraSunao en-aut-sei=Uemura en-aut-mei=Sunao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumaruTeppei en-aut-sei=Tokumaru en-aut-mei=Teppei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= en-keyword=common bile duct stone kn-keyword=common bile duct stone en-keyword=fish bone kn-keyword=fish bone en-keyword=Roux-en-Y kn-keyword=Roux-en-Y en-keyword=choledochotomy kn-keyword=choledochotomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=195 end-page=202 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=HIP COMPASS®: A Mechanical Intraoperative Navigation Guide Associated with Improved Revision-Free Implant Survivorship after Ceramic-on-Ceramic Total Hip Arthroplasty at Minimum 10-Year Follow-up en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=HIP COMPASS® has demonstrated improved accuracy in intraoperative support for the acetabular component insertion angle. We assessed long-term revision-free implant survivorship following total hip arthroplasty (THA) using HIP COMPASS, with ≥10 years of follow-up. We retrospectively analyzed 210 hips of 186 patients who underwent cementless THA with ceramic-on-ceramic bearing couples, with or without HIP COMPASS. The mean follow-up duration was 10.8 years in the HIp COMPASS group and 12.7 years in the control group. Overall, 86.0% and 78.2% of cups were placed within Lewinnek’s safe zone with and without HIP COMPASS, respectively. Variability in radiographic inclination and anteversion was greater in the control group than in the HIP COMPASS group. Dislocation rates were 3.2% in the control group and 1.2% in the HIP COMPASS group, with no significant difference between groups. The control group had a significantly higher revision rate than the HIP COMPASS group (7.3% vs. 1.2%). Use of HIP COMPASS was associated with improved long-term revision-free implant survivorship over ≥ 10 years and more consistent acetabular component positioning at an appropriate insertion angle, which may contribute to stable initial fixation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TeiYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Tei en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiNorio en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraKeishi en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Keishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiranoYuki en-aut-sei=Hirano en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorigomeYoji en-aut-sei=Horigome en-aut-mei=Yoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SudaKen en-aut-sei=Suda en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawashimaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Kawashima en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Comprehensive Musculoskeletal Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Comprehensive Musculoskeletal Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=HIP COMPASS® kn-keyword=HIP COMPASS® en-keyword=survivorship kn-keyword=survivorship en-keyword=total hip arthroplasty kn-keyword=total hip arthroplasty en-keyword=ceramic-on-ceramic kn-keyword=ceramic-on-ceramic END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=185 end-page=193 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Reducing Hesitation in Resuscitation: Educational Effects of a Female-Appearing Simulator in Basic Life Support Training en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Women are less likely than men to receive timely defibrillation during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We investigated whether using a simulator that is visually modified to resemble a female affects learners’ attitudes, knowledge, and performance in basic life support (BLS) training. In a BLS simulation training, first-year medical students (n=220) used a standard gender-neutral simulator (control group) or a modified simulator with a female-like appearance (intervention group). Pre- and post-training questionnaires concerning attitudes and knowledge plus a post-training skills evaluation assessed the students’ training outcomes. The intervention group initiated chest compressions significantly faster than the control group (33.1 vs. 39.8 sec, p<0.01) and achieved a significantly higher rate of correct AED pad placement (64.2% vs. 38.5%, p<0.01). While performing the resuscitation on the female-appearing manikin, the intervention group showed significantly greater increases in self-efficacy (p<0.01) and larger decreases in discomfort about removing the patient’s clothes (p<0.01). They were also significantly more likely to recognize that chest compressions can be performed (p=0.016) and AED pads can be applied (p=0.015) without removing the patient’s underwear. Using a female-appearing simulator in BLS training was thus associated with faster chest compression initiation, more accurate AED pad placement, and improved gender-sensitive attitudes and knowledge. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuboTakuya en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaKohei en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HongoTakashi en-aut-sei=Hongo en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObaraTakafumi en-aut-sei=Obara en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakiYoshinori en-aut-sei=Kosaki en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojimaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Nojima en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=resuscitation kn-keyword=resuscitation en-keyword=basic life support kn-keyword=basic life support en-keyword=female simulator kn-keyword=female simulator en-keyword=medical education kn-keyword=medical education en-keyword=gender bias kn-keyword=gender bias END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=179 end-page=184 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Oral Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Paclitaxel-Associated Peripheral Neuropathy: A Retrospective Study at Okayama University Hospital en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This retrospective study investigated whether eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) reduces paclitaxel-associated chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and acute neuropathic pain in dyslipidemic cancer patients. The medical records of cancer patients treated with paclitaxel or nab-paclitaxel at Okayama University Hospital between January 2018 and December 2022 were reviewed. Patients receiving concomitant therapy for dyslipidemia were categorized as EPA users or non-EPA users. Numbness and pain severity were extracted from medical records. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade for peripheral neuropathy and pain; groups were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Of 184 eligible patients, 18 received EPA. Bleeding events were more frequent in the EPA group; however, changes in numbness and pain did not differ significantly between groups at any time point. Overall, EPA did not show a preventive effect on paclitaxel-associated CIPN or acute neuropathic pain. Future studies should evaluate EPA in combination with other neuroprotective agents to better define its potential role in CIPN prevention. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoritaAyako en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaHideki en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=eicosapentaenoic acid kn-keyword=eicosapentaenoic acid en-keyword=cancer patients kn-keyword=cancer patients en-keyword=chemotherapy kn-keyword=chemotherapy en-keyword=peripheral neuropathy kn-keyword=peripheral neuropathy en-keyword=cancer pain kn-keyword=cancer pain END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=159 end-page=168 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Self-Reported Adolescent Menstrual Symptoms and Delayed Gynecologic Consultation among Japanese Women with Endometriosis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Endometriosis symptoms often first appear during adolescence, yet delays in seeking gynecologic consultation remain a persistent challenge worldwide. Despite growing international evidence, the specific patterns of symptom recognition and consultation delay among Japanese women — particularly in relation to self-monitoring behaviors and cultural barriers — remain poorly understood. This study aimed to provide foundational data to guide menstrual education and preconception care strategies by conducting a cross-sectional online survey with retrospective recall among women with endometriosis to assess menstrual characteristics and symptom patterns from adolescence to initial care seeking. The survey was conducted in Japan in January 2024 and enrolled 166 women with endometriosis and 200 controls. Participants reported current and adolescent menstrual characteristics, symptom recognition, analgesic and low-dose estrogen–progestin use, school/work impact, and age at first gynecologic consultation for menstrual problems. Women with endometriosis reported heavier bleeding, stronger pain, and greater school/work absence than controls, both currently and retrospectively. The median age at first recognition of heavy bleeding or school/work absence was 16 years, whereas consultation occurred at approximately 21-23 years, indicating a consultation delay of 5-6 years. Notably, while self-monitoring of symptoms was more frequent among women with endometriosis, it only modestly shortened consultation delays. This study provides evidence from Japan that consultation delay persists despite active self-monitoring of symptoms, highlighting the influence of educational and cultural barriers on health-seeking behavior. These findings underscore the importance of integrating menstrual education with clinical guidance to promote timely gynecologic consultation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaTomoko en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakatsukaMikiya en-aut-sei=Nakatsuka en-aut-mei=Mikiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=endometriosis kn-keyword=endometriosis en-keyword=adolescence kn-keyword=adolescence en-keyword=menstrual disorders kn-keyword=menstrual disorders en-keyword=consultation delay kn-keyword=consultation delay en-keyword=health-seeking behavior kn-keyword=health-seeking behavior END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=135 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=747 end-page=759 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260401 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Characteristics of cross-modal negative BOLD responses in the human sensory subcortex and cortex en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a noninvasive method for measuring human brain activity based on blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) responses. Although many studies have reported positive BOLD responses evoked by sensory stimuli, others have reported negative BOLD responses (NBRs) in the sensory cortex when stimuli from different sensory modalities are presented (i.e., cross-modal NBRs). We conducted an fMRI experiment to better understand the characteristics of cross-modal NBRs in subcortical and cortical regions. Auditory and visual stimuli were presented unilaterally to one ear and to either the left or right visual field, respectively. The lateral geniculate nucleus and medial geniculate nucleus did not show a significant cross-modal NBR. In contrast, the primary auditory cortex showed a significant cross-modal NBR when visual stimuli were presented in either the contralateral or ipsilateral visual fields. Finally, we found that the cross-modal NBR in the early visual cortex was highly variable across subjects and did not exhibit consistent trends. However, each subject’s data exhibited considerable split-half reliability. Our results suggest that cross-modal NBR in the auditory cortex likely reflects mechanisms such as interhemispheric suppression, rather than those coordinated within the same hemisphere.
NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrated that the human primary auditory cortex showed a significant cross-modal negative BOLD response bilaterally, regardless of the visual field in which the visual stimuli were presented. This result suggests that the cross-modal negative BOLD response is not an epiphenomenon of visual cortex activation predominantly observed in the contralateral hemisphere, but is more likely to reflect interhemispheric suppression mechanisms. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyataToshikazu en-aut-sei=Miyata en-aut-mei=Toshikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukunagaMasaki en-aut-sei=Fukunaga en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=LuoJunxiang en-aut-sei=Luo en-aut-mei=Junxiang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoiIsao en-aut-sei=Yokoi en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaAyumi en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YangJiajia en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Jiajia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaTomoyo en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Tomoyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemuraHiromasa en-aut-sei=Takemura en-aut-mei=Hiromasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Sensory and Cognitive Brain Mapping, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Sensory and Cognitive Brain Mapping, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=National Institute for Physiological Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Division of Sensory and Cognitive Brain Mapping, Department of System Neuroscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=auditory system kn-keyword=auditory system en-keyword=cross-modal kn-keyword=cross-modal en-keyword=functional MRI kn-keyword=functional MRI en-keyword=visual system kn-keyword=visual system END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=330 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=L593 end-page=L609 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The role of S100A8/A9 in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbations of pulmonary fibrosis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a life-threatening condition characterized by neutrophilic inflammation. S100A8/A9, an alarmin released by activated neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, plays a pivotal role in regulating inflammatory responses. However, its specific involvement in acute exacerbations of pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. This study evaluated the role of S100A8/A9 in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbations of pulmonary fibrosis. S100A8/A9 levels were measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum from patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, with and without acute exacerbations. To model acute exacerbations of pulmonary fibrosis, mice were intratracheally administered bleomycin followed by lipopolysaccharide. Subsequently, inflammatory cell infiltration, cytokine levels, morphological changes, and fibrosis marker levels in lung tissue and airways were analyzed. S100A8/A9 levels were significantly higher in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum of patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia experiencing acute exacerbations relative to those without; these levels were correlated with patient prognosis. In an experimental mouse model, intratracheal administration of bleomycin followed by lipopolysaccharide resulted in a significant increase in airway S100A8/A9 levels compared with bleomycin alone and control mice. Anti-S100A8/A9 neutralizing antibody Ab45 mitigated airway inflammation and lung fibrosis in mice with acute exacerbations of pulmonary fibrosis, reducing S100A8/A9 levels and neutrophil extracellular traps. In vitro, recombinant S100A8/A9 or lipopolysaccharide and neutrophils activated and differentiated fibroblasts; these effects were inhibited by anti-S100A8/A9 neutralizing antibody Ab45 and the humanized form of Ab45 (HuAb45). These findings highlight S100A8/A9 as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for acute exacerbations of pulmonary fibrosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakamuraNaoki en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigoHisao en-aut-sei=Higo en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SenooSatoru en-aut-sei=Senoo en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiAkihiko en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzekiTaichi en-aut-sei=Ozeki en-aut-mei=Taichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunamiRyota en-aut-sei=Sunami en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=InukaiYumi en-aut-sei=Inukai en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoShusei en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Shusei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItanoJunko en-aut-sei=Itano en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaAyaka en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Ayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomonobuNahoko en-aut-sei=Tomonobu en-aut-mei=Nahoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaRie en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaguchiMasakiyo en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Masakiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaharaNobuaki en-aut-sei=Miyahara en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Okayama University Faculty of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kurashiki Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology, Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=anti-S100A8/A9 neutralizing antibody kn-keyword=anti-S100A8/A9 neutralizing antibody en-keyword=calprotectin kn-keyword=calprotectin en-keyword=idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis kn-keyword=idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis en-keyword=lipopolysaccharide kn-keyword=lipopolysaccharide en-keyword=neutrophil extracellular traps kn-keyword=neutrophil extracellular traps END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=e0087625 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260409 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Draft genome sequence of blaIMP-1-carrying Phytobacter ursingii OUH-01, isolated from the feces of an acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report the 5.7 Mbp draft genome of carbapenem-resistant Phytobacter ursingii strain OUH-01, recovered from the feces of a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The genome comprises a chromosome (G+C content of 53.5%), three plasmids, and four linear contigs, including the 222 kb plasmid pOUH-phyto-IMP-01 carrying blaIMP-1. Nanopore/Illumina sequencing achieved 235× coverage. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsujiShuma en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Shuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaShinnosuke en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UrakamiIori en-aut-sei=Urakami en-aut-mei=Iori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotohKazuyoshi en-aut-sei=Gotoh en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Enterobacteriaceae kn-keyword=Enterobacteriaceae en-keyword=carbapenems kn-keyword=carbapenems END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260521 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Stimulator of interferon genes agonist augmented antitumor immunity of osimertinib in Egfr ‐mutated lung cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) lack effective immunotherapy due to a noninflamed tumor microenvironment (TME). We previously reported that EGFR tyrosine-kinase-inhibitor (TKI) induced CD8+ T-cell immunity, which was insufficient for tumor eradication. We evaluated the potential of combining EGFR-TKI with stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists in activating a systemic antitumor response. Using a syngeneic mouse model of genetically engineered Egfr-mutant NSCLC, we evaluated the antitumor effects of STING agonist ADU-S100, alone and combined with osimertinib. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to assess the TME. Osimertinib alone enhanced CD8+ T-cell infiltration but not Natural Killer (NK) cell infiltration. ADU-S100 injection alone modestly suppressed tumor growth with increasing CD8+/NK cell infiltration in the TME, but lacked an abscopal effect. Combining ADU-S100 with osimertinib significantly enhanced the antitumor effects and CD8+/NK cell infiltration. Depletion of either CD8+ or NK cells reduced the combination effect. Crucially, the combination induced an abscopal effect accompanied by PD-1+/CD8+ cell infiltration. Combining osimertinib with a STING agonist augmented innate and adaptive immunity, inducing systemic antitumor responses in EGFR-mutant NSCLC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraJun en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuribayashiTadahiro en-aut-sei=Kuribayashi en-aut-mei=Tadahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BrägelmannJohannes en-aut-sei=Brägelmann en-aut-mei=Johannes kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkawaSachi en-aut-sei=Okawa en-aut-mei=Sachi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaokaMasataka en-aut-sei=Taoka en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriShunta en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Shunta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraTomoka en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakaaki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoGo en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Kiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaiKammei en-aut-sei=Rai en-aut-mei=Kammei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaRyohei en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabataMasahiro en-aut-sei=Tabata en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SosMartin L. en-aut-sei=Sos en-aut-mei=Martin L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Translational Genomics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne Germany kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Experimental Chemotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Centre, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Translational Genomics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne Germany kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=abscopal effect kn-keyword=abscopal effect en-keyword=CD8+ T cells kn-keyword=CD8+ T cells en-keyword=EGFR mutation kn-keyword=EGFR mutation en-keyword=EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor kn-keyword=EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor en-keyword=NK cells kn-keyword=NK cells en-keyword=stimulator of interferon genes kn-keyword=stimulator of interferon genes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue=18 article-no= start-page=1675 end-page=1687 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260404 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trisomy 8 alters chromatin conformations and activates Y chromosome genes in stem cells to drive a pre-leukemic state en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The mechanistic role of trisomy 8 in the development of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) remains poorly defined. Here, we generated a trisomy 8 mouse model by transferring a human chromosome 8 into murine embryonic stem cells and prospectively examined the effects on hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) by trisomy 8. The expression of inflammatory genes was enhanced, and hematopoietic programs mediated by transcription factors and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) were dysregulated in trisomy 8 HSC, which impaired their self-renewal and balanced differentiation. Trisomy 8 HSC altered the chromatin accessibility and conformations and activated Y chromosome genes, such as Uty/Kdm6c epigenetic modifier, which is known to demethylate histone H3K27me3 modification. The Uty gene facilitated the activation of PRC2-target and Runx1-target genes in leukemogenesis and drove the proliferation of human trisomy 8 leukemic cells. Since the RUNX1 gene is frequently mutated in patients with trisomy 8 MDS, its deletion attenuated the enhanced expression of inflammatory genes and mitigated the impaired self-renewal of trisomy 8 HSC in mice. Our findings reveal that trisomy 8 altered the transcriptional programs and chromatin conformations in HSC and drove a pre-malignant state through activating the expression of Uty, suggesting a route for the development of trisomy 8 MDS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BaiJie en-aut-sei=Bai en-aut-mei=Jie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiKimi en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Kimi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurotakiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Kurotaki en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Eerdunduleng en-aut-sei=Eerdunduleng en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SorinSupannika en-aut-sei=Sorin en-aut-mei=Supannika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramatsuKei en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UnoNarumi en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Narumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamashimaAi en-aut-sei=Hamashima en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IimoriMihoko en-aut-sei=Iimori en-aut-mei=Mihoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiKenta en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerashimaMinoru en-aut-sei=Terashima en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaSho en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KohrogiKensaku en-aut-sei=Kohrogi en-aut-mei=Kensaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HuangGang en-aut-sei=Huang en-aut-mei=Gang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaMinetaro en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Minetaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimuraMitsuo en-aut-sei=Oshimura en-aut-mei=Mitsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KazukiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kazuki en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SashidaGoro en-aut-sei=Sashida en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratory of Chromatin Organization in Immune Cell Development, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Chromosome Biomedical Engineering, Integrated Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Laboratory of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Laboratory of Chromatin Organization in Immune Cell Development, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Chromosome Engineering Research Center, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Chromosome Biomedical Engineering, Integrated Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e70104 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260429 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=VGLL3 Regulates DAPK2-Mediated Autophagy During Osteoblast Differentiation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Vestigial-like family member 3 (VGLL3), a transcriptional cofactor of the TEA domain family, has been previously identified as a regulator of osteoblast differentiation. Building upon our previous findings, we investigated VGLL3 function in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts using an integrated approach combining transcriptomic analysis and functional assays to identify its downstream effectors and explore associated autophagy mechanisms. RNA-seq analysis of Vgll3-knockdown (shVgll3) cells identified death-associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2), a regulator of autophagy, as a downstream effector. Autophagic activity was examined using transmission electron microscopy and western blot analysis of LC3-II and p62 proteins. The effects of Dapk2 knockdown (shDapk2) on osteoblast differentiation were evaluated using qPCR, western blotting, alkaline phosphatase staining, and Alizarin Red staining. Rapamycin treatment was used to determine whether pharmacologic activation of autophagy could restore osteoblast function. Vgll3 knockdown significantly suppressed autophagic flux, as evidenced by fewer autophagic vacuoles, decreased LC3-II accumulation, and increased p62 expression. A comparable reduction in autophagic activity was observed in shDapk2 cells and was accompanied by impaired osteoblast differentiation. Rapamycin treatment partially restored autophagy and osteogenic differentiation in Vgll3-deficient cells. Finally, overexpression of DAPK2 partially rescued autophagic activity and osteogenic differentiation in shVgll3 cells, supporting its role as a key downstream functional effector. FOXM1 was further implicated as a potential transcriptional regulator contributing to DAPK2 expression. Collectively, our findings suggest that VGLL3 may influence osteogenic differentiation in osteoblasts, potentially involving DAPK2-associated autophagy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HeYuhan en-aut-sei=He en-aut-mei=Yuhan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangZiyi en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ziyi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WengYao en-aut-sei=Weng en-aut-mei=Yao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SitosariHeriati en-aut-sei=Sitosari en-aut-mei=Heriati kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhengYilin en-aut-sei=Zheng en-aut-mei=Yilin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=QuYaxin en-aut-sei=Qu en-aut-mei=Yaxin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkegameMika en-aut-sei=Ikegame en-aut-mei=Mika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamuraHirohiko en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Hirohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=autophagy kn-keyword=autophagy en-keyword=bone metabolism kn-keyword=bone metabolism en-keyword=death-associated protein kinase 2 kn-keyword=death-associated protein kinase 2 en-keyword=osteoblast differentiation kn-keyword=osteoblast differentiation en-keyword=vestigial-like 3 kn-keyword=vestigial-like 3 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=e70666 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association between discoid lateral meniscus and medial meniscus posterior root tear: A retrospective cohort study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: Medial meniscus (MM) posterior root tear (PRT) has gained increasing attention because of its biomechanical impact and rapid progression to osteoarthritis. Identifying the risk factors for MMPRT is essential for early diagnosis. Although the discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) is a common congenital variant, no studies have reported on the relationship between MMPRT and DLM. This study aimed to examine the relationship between MMPRT and DLM.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 94 matched knees that underwent arthroscopic surgery between 2015 and 2021 (58 with MMPRT and 36 with other MM injuries). The matching was performed according to age and sex. Morphological analysis of the lateral meniscus (LM) was performed using coronal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DLM was defined as an LM ratio (LM width/tibial width) > 0.20. LM width, LM ratio and DLM prevalence were compared between the two groups. In the MMPRT group, subgroup analysis compared the preoperative and 1-year postoperative clinical outcomes between patients with and without DLM.
Results: The PRT group showed significantly greater LM width (12.6 ± 3.1 mm vs. 11.1 ± 2.2 mm; p = 0.03) and LM ratio (0.18 ± 0.04 vs. 0.16 ± 0.03; p = 0.01) compared with the other group. The incidence of DLM was also significantly higher in the PRT group (29.3% vs. 8.3%; p = 0.02). No significant differences in clinical scores were observed between the two subgroups either preoperatively or 1 year postoperatively. However, both groups demonstrated significant improvement in all clinical outcomes 1 year postoperatively (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: DLM was significantly more prevalent in patients with MMPRT than in those with other MM injuries. Favourable clinical outcomes were achieved following pullout repair in MMPRT knees regardless of the presence of DLM.
Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamashitaRyosuke en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KintakaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kintaka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaKoki en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoharaToshiki en-aut-sei=Kohara en-aut-mei=Toshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurumatsuTakayuki en-aut-sei=Furumatsu en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=clinical outcome kn-keyword=clinical outcome en-keyword=discoid lateral meniscus kn-keyword=discoid lateral meniscus en-keyword=medial meniscus kn-keyword=medial meniscus en-keyword=morphology kn-keyword=morphology en-keyword=posterior root tear kn-keyword=posterior root tear END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=4963 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural insights into YheS-mediated release of SecM-arrested ribosome en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ATP-binding cassette subfamily F (ABCF) proteins interact with the ribosome to resolve translation defects near the peptidyl transferase center (PTC). In Escherichia coli, four ABCF proteins (EttA, Uup, YbiT, and YheS) selectively promote translation of distinct problematic nascent peptide sequences, but their molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we present a 2.8 Å cryo-EM structure of the ribosome in complex with an ATPase-deficient mutant of YheS and investigate how it releases ribosomes arrested by the SecM nascent chain. YheS binds to the ribosomal E-site via the L1 stalk, and its P-site tRNA-interaction motif (PtIM) extends toward the PTC, displacing the CCA end of the P-site tRNA. Notably, the cryo-EM density corresponding to the SecM nascent chain within the exit tunnel is largely lost upon YheS binding. These observations suggest that YheS relieves peptide sequence-dependent stalling by perturbing nascent chain-tunnel interactions through P-site tRNA relocation. Steered molecular dynamics simulations provide qualitative support for this model. Together, our findings provide mechanistic insight into a mode of arrest release distinct from the translocon-mediated release mechanism. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IsoKaishi en-aut-sei=Iso en-aut-mei=Kaishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaToma en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Toma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamasakiKohei en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoYushin en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Yushin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoFumiya K. en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Fumiya K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurutaTadaomi en-aut-sei=Furuta en-aut-mei=Tadaomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaguchiHideki en-aut-sei=Taguchi en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NurekiOsamu en-aut-sei=Nureki en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChadaniYuhei en-aut-sei=Chadani en-aut-mei=Yuhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItohYuzuru en-aut-sei=Itoh en-aut-mei=Yuzuru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=419 end-page=427 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Predictors for Recurrences Within One Year Following Radical Nephrectomy for Non-metastatic Renal Cell Carcinomas en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Aim: This study aimed to identify predictors of rapid recurrence following radical nephrectomy for non-metastatic renal cell carcinomas.
Patients and Methods: Patients with non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma who underwent radical nephrectomy between 2014 and 2024 at Okayama University Hospital were included. Rapid recurrence was defined as local or distant metastasis occurring within one year after radical nephrectomy, whereas recurrences occurring beyond one year were classified as non-rapid.
Results: Among a total of 194 patients, 37 (19%) experienced recurrence during a median follow-up of 37 months, with 16 (43%) being classified as experiencing rapid recurrence. The multivariate Cox hazard model revealed that microscopic venous invasion and a size of 60 mm or larger were predictors of rapid recurrence (hazard ratio=4.1, 95% confidence interval=1.5-11.4, p=0.006, and hazard ratio=8.0, 95% confidence interval=2.6-25.0, p<0.001, respectively). Dividing the entire cohort into four groups based on the presence of the two risk factors (0, 1: venous invasion, 1: tumor size, and 2), the median PFS was not estimable, 87, 67, and 7 months, respectively (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Microscopic venous invasion and tumor size of 60 mm or larger were identified as independent predictors of rapid recurrence following radical nephrectomy for non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BEKKUKENSUKE en-aut-sei=BEKKU en-aut-mei=KENSUKE kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YAMANOITOMOAKI en-aut-sei=YAMANOI en-aut-mei=TOMOAKI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KAWADATATSUSHI en-aut-sei=KAWADA en-aut-mei=TATSUSHI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TOMINAGAYUSUKE en-aut-sei=TOMINAGA en-aut-mei=YUSUKE kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SADAHIRATAKUYA en-aut-sei=SADAHIRA en-aut-mei=TAKUYA kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KATAYAMASATOSHI en-aut-sei=KATAYAMA en-aut-mei=SATOSHI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IWATATAKEHIRO en-aut-sei=IWATA en-aut-mei=TAKEHIRO kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NISHIMURASHINGO en-aut-sei=NISHIMURA en-aut-mei=SHINGO kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ARAKIMOTOO en-aut-sei=ARAKI en-aut-mei=MOTOO kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Renal cell carcinoma kn-keyword=Renal cell carcinoma en-keyword=adjuvant therapy kn-keyword=adjuvant therapy en-keyword=radical nephrectomy kn-keyword=radical nephrectomy en-keyword=early recurrence kn-keyword=early recurrence en-keyword=metastases kn-keyword=metastases END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=e1012045 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260217 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Octopamine signaling from clock neurons plays dual roles in Drosophila long-term memory en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Circadian clock genes are best known for regulating circadian rhythms, but they also play crucial roles in memory processes. This suggests that memory is modulated by neural networks containing clock neurons, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In Drosophila melanogaster, approximately 240 clock neurons are grouped into at least eight distinct clusters. Among them, the dorsal–lateral neurons (LNds) are required for maintaining long-term memory (LTM). In contrast, the neuropeptide Pigment-dispersing factor (Pdf), expressed in both small and large ventral–lateral neurons (s-LNvs and l-LNvs, respectively), functions as a circadian output signal and is also essential for maintaining LTM. In addition, Pdf-expressing neurons (hereafter, Pdf neurons) release neurotransmitters other than Pdf, which are involved in LTM consolidation. However, the specific transmitters used by LNds and Pdf neurons in LTM processing have remained unknown. Here, we show that octopamine signaling from LNds is essential for LTM maintenance, whereas octopamine in Pdf neurons is essential for LTM consolidation. Temporally restricted knockdown of Tyramine β hydroxylase (Tbh), the gene encoding the enzyme required for octopamine synthesis, disrupted LTM maintenance when targeted in LNds, whereas it impaired LTM consolidation when targeted in Pdf neurons. Notably, Tbh knockdown in LNds or Pdf neurons had minimal effects on circadian behavioral rhythms or sleep. These findings reveal that octopamine released from specific subtypes of clock neurons independently regulates distinct phases of LTM in Drosophila. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurataYuto en-aut-sei=Kurata en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiiTaishi en-aut-sei=Yoshii en-aut-mei=Taishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiTakaomi en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Takaomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=4879 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260528 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Rice Genotype-Dependent Phyllosphere Microbiome Assembly and Isolation of Antagonistic Burkholderia for Sheath Blight Biocontrol en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rice sheath blight (RSB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani, causes 10–50% yield losses globally. Using 16S rRNA sequencing of 100 rice cultivars, we found that resistant varieties harbor significantly more diverse bacterial communities (3230 OTUs; 2064 unique) than susceptible cultivars (599 OTUs; 36 unique). Resistant varieties were enriched in beneficial Burkholderiaceae, Bacillaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae, while Sphingobacteriaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were predominant in the susceptible rice varieties. From the 260 bacterial isolates, Burkholderia vietnamiensis J14EPLEAF2 presented potent antifungal activity (77% inhibition), suppressed lesion development, and abolished sclerotia formation. This strain displayed multiple plant growth-promoting traits, enhanced seed germination, and primed defense responses by upregulating PR5 and PR10. Hypersensitive response assays confirmed B. vietnamiensis as non-pathogenic, unlike B. gladioli and B. cepacia. This study identifies B. vietnamiensis J14EPLEAF2 as a promising, safe biocontrol agent for sustainable rice disease management. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Danso OforiAndrews en-aut-sei=Danso Ofori en-aut-mei=Andrews kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasimiZohreh en-aut-sei=Nasimi en-aut-mei=Zohreh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AhmedMuhammad Irfan en-aut-sei=Ahmed en-aut-mei=Muhammad Irfan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanYaoting en-aut-sei=Yan en-aut-mei=Yaoting kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiWang en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Wang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandroAbdul Ghani en-aut-sei=Kandro en-aut-mei=Abdul Ghani kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaKazunori en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MochidaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Mochida en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoutoshiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Noutoshi en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhengAiping en-aut-sei=Zheng en-aut-mei=Aiping kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= en-keyword=rice phyllosphere kn-keyword=rice phyllosphere en-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani kn-keyword=Rhizoctonia solani en-keyword=sheath blight kn-keyword=sheath blight en-keyword=Burkholderia vietnamiensis kn-keyword=Burkholderia vietnamiensis en-keyword=biocontrol kn-keyword=biocontrol en-keyword=microbiome kn-keyword=microbiome en-keyword=16S rRNA sequencing kn-keyword=16S rRNA sequencing en-keyword=plant growth-promoting bacteria kn-keyword=plant growth-promoting bacteria en-keyword=disease resistance kn-keyword=disease resistance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=4730 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260524 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Genomic Basis of Lifestyle Divergence in Rice-Associated Burkholderia: From Pathogenesis to Plant Growth Promotion en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The genus Burkholderia encompasses both plant pathogenic and beneficial species, yet the genomic determinants underlying this lifestyle divergence remain poorly understood. Using 16S rRNA sequencing of 100 rice cultivars, our companion study demonstrated that resistant varieties are enriched in beneficial Burkholderiaceae, leading to the isolation of three phenotypically contrasting strains. Here, we present comparative genomic analyses of non-pathogenic biocontrol strain Burkholderia vietnamiensis J14EpLeaf2 and pathogenic strains Burkholderia gladioli A1EpSeed5 and Burkholderia cepacia J14Eple. Pathogenic strains possess significantly larger genomes (8.36–8.46 Mb) enriched in mobile genetic elements compared to the streamlined 6.95 Mb genome of B. vietnamiensis. CAZyme analysis revealed broader repertoires of glycoside hydrolases and polysaccharide lyases in pathogens, consistent with enhanced plant cell wall degradation. B. gladioli possesses a complete T3SS and expanded T6SS with 301 predicted effectors, while B. cepacia lacks structural T3SS genes but harbors 271 candidate effectors predicted to be secreted via alternative secretion pathways, compared to 180 in B. vietnamiensis. Notably, B. cepacia harbors cystic fibrosis-associated markers (cable pili, ZmpA/ZmpB), raising significant biosafety concerns that preclude its agricultural application. LC-MS validated IAA, ornibactin, and AHL production in B. vietnamiensis, supporting its plant growth-promoting and biocontrol functions. Computational PPI networks predicted distinct interaction landscapes requiring experimental validation. This study provides a genomic framework for distinguishing pathogenic from beneficial Burkholderia and supports B. vietnamiensis as a safe biocontrol agent while cautioning against B. cepacia J14Eple. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OforiAndrews Danso en-aut-sei=Ofori en-aut-mei=Andrews Danso kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasimiZohreh en-aut-sei=Nasimi en-aut-mei=Zohreh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AckahFrank Kwekucher en-aut-sei=Ackah en-aut-mei=Frank Kwekucher kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AhmedMuhammad Irfan en-aut-sei=Ahmed en-aut-mei=Muhammad Irfan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanYaoting en-aut-sei=Yan en-aut-mei=Yaoting kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiWang en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Wang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandroAbdul Ghani en-aut-sei=Kandro en-aut-mei=Abdul Ghani kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaKazunori en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MochidaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Mochida en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoutoshiYoshiteru en-aut-sei=Noutoshi en-aut-mei=Yoshiteru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhengAiping en-aut-sei=Zheng en-aut-mei=Aiping kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Crop Science, School of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University kn-affil= en-keyword=Burkholderia kn-keyword=Burkholderia en-keyword=comparative genomics kn-keyword=comparative genomics en-keyword=virulence factors kn-keyword=virulence factors en-keyword=secretion systems kn-keyword=secretion systems en-keyword=CAZymes kn-keyword=CAZymes en-keyword=plant-microbe interactions kn-keyword=plant-microbe interactions en-keyword=biocontrol kn-keyword=biocontrol en-keyword=pathogenicity kn-keyword=pathogenicity en-keyword=protein–protein interaction networks kn-keyword=protein–protein interaction networks en-keyword=rice sheath blight kn-keyword=rice sheath blight END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=102635 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Epidemiological and molecular characteristics of human-biting ticks in areas endemic to Japanese spotted fever: a prospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) have become a great health concern worldwide. This study aimed to clarify the pathogenic and potentially pathogenic microorganisms carried by ticks that bite humans and to assess the risk of acquiring tick-borne infections in regions endemic for Japanese spotted fever. Tick specimens were prospectively collected from patients who presented with tick bites at 10 medical institutions in the Hiroshima, Okayama, and Kagawa prefectures, Japan between May 2023 and December 2024. The evaluated parameters included the estimated bite location, date of bite, patient age, tick species identification, and presence of TBD-associated pathogens in the collected ticks. Overall, 191 ticks were collected from 181 patients. Among patients with known sex, females were slightly more prevalent than males, and 45.9% of the patients were aged ≥ 70 years. Seasonal distribution demonstrated a peak incidence from April to July, with the highest number of cases observed in June (29.3%). Amblyomma testudinarium was the predominant species, accounting for 152 (79.6%) ticks, followed by Haemaphysalis hystricis (7.3%) and Haemaphysalis longicornis (6.8%). Nymphs represented the majority (83.8%), whereas adults and larvae accounted for 14.6% and 1.0%, respectively. A total of 27 ticks (14.1%) carried Rickettsia species, including two identified species (Rickettsia tamurae and Rickettsia monacensis) and one unclassified Rickettsia species. However, molecular analysis did not detect any known human pathogenic organisms, including Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species, Francisella tularensis, or Rickettsia japonica. Further epidemiological data regarding the abundance of tick-borne pathogens will provide valuable surveillance information with significant clinical utility for disease diagnosis and management. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukushimaShinnosuke en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Shinnosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunamiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sunami en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamotoKenta en-aut-sei=Nakamoto en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkazawaHidemasa en-aut-sei=Akazawa en-aut-mei=Hidemasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaniYoshimi en-aut-sei=Hidani en-aut-mei=Yoshimi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KidaKouji en-aut-sei=Kida en-aut-mei=Kouji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurumiGo en-aut-sei=Tsurumi en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Sumiyoshi Fujii Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Numakuma Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Okayama Prefectural Institute for Environmental Science and Public Health kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Okayama Prefectural Institute for Environmental Science and Public Health kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=Epidemiology kn-keyword=Epidemiology en-keyword=Japanese spotted fever kn-keyword=Japanese spotted fever en-keyword=Rickettsia species kn-keyword=Rickettsia species en-keyword=Tick bite kn-keyword=Tick bite en-keyword=Tick-borne disease kn-keyword=Tick-borne disease END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1181 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260407 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Predictive Nomogram for Recurrence After Upfront Surgery for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Study (OS-HBP-2) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Postoperative recurrence is a critical issue in the treatment of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (rPDAC). Moreover, the prognosis after early recurrence is extremely poor. This study aimed to develop a recurrence prediction model and to define early recurrence after upfront surgery (UFS) for rPDAC. Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included patients who underwent UFS for anatomically rPDAC between January 2013 and December 2017. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors for recurrence-free survival and to construct a recurrence prediction model. Subsequently, a minimum p value approach was used to determine the optimal cutoff values for early and late recurrence. Results: The cohort included 603 patients (325 men and 278 women). During the median follow-up period of 25 months (interquartile range, 15–38 months), 381 patients (63.2%) experienced a recurrence. Multivariate analyses revealed carbohydrate antigen 19-9 ≥37 U/mL (hazard ratio [HR], 1.58; p < 0.001), tumor size ≥ 2.2 cm (HR, 1.59; p < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (HR, 1.86; p < 0.001), R1 resection (HR, 1.56; p = 0.002), and no adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 1.54; p < 0.001) as independent predictors. The recurrence prediction model demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.72–0.75. The optimal threshold for early and late recurrences was a recurrence-free interval of five months. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 ≥ 156 U/mL was a significant predictor of early recurrence (OR, 3.28; p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study identified the prognostic risk factors for recurrence and developed a recurrence prediction model for patients undergoing UFS for rPDAC. Moreover, a recurrence-free interval of five months was identified as the optimal threshold for distinguishing between early and late recurrences. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKazuya en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiokiMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Hioki en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaToru en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoYoshikatsu en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Yoshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NobuokaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Nobuoka en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuiKenta en-aut-sei=Sui en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiMasaru en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Masaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinouraSusumu en-aut-sei=Shinoura en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraMasashi en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaTatsuo en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=AokiHideki en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Himeji Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tenwakai Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=pancreatic cancer kn-keyword=pancreatic cancer en-keyword=resectable kn-keyword=resectable en-keyword=upfront surgery kn-keyword=upfront surgery en-keyword=recurrence kn-keyword=recurrence en-keyword=nomogram kn-keyword=nomogram END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=602 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Outcomes After Robot-Assisted Versus Open Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Propensity Score-Matching Analysis in a High-Volume Center (TAKUMI-7) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Although the safety and feasibility of robot-assisted pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD) compared to open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) have been reported, studies investigating the advantages of RPD remain limited. Moreover, only a few studies have investigated the effects of robotic surgery on textbook outcomes (TO). Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 400 patients who underwent RPD and OPD at our institution between January 2017 and December 2025. Outcomes were compared between the RPD (n = 162) and OPD (n = 238) groups using propensity score-matching (PSM) analysis. The factors associated with TO were examined. Results: Before PSM, significant differences were observed between the groups. PSM yielded RPD (n = 117) and OPD (n = 117) with equal preoperative factors. The RPD group demonstrated a significantly shorter operative time (402 vs. 444 min, p < 0.001), lesser blood loss (75 vs. 270 mL, p < 0.001), shorter postoperative hospital stays (13 vs. 22 days, p < 0.001), and fewer major complications (17.1 vs. 44.4%, p < 0.001), resulting in a higher TO achievement rate (76.9 vs. 52.1%, p = 0.001). Adjusted multivariate analyses identified robotic surgery (odds ratio 3.04, p < 0.001) as an independent predictor of TO. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that RPD was potentially superior to OPD in terms of short-term outcomes. Robotic surgery was significantly associated with TO after pancreatoduodenectomy at the expert’s hand. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiTomokazu en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Tomokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKazuya en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmedaYuzo en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Yuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaMotohiko en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Motohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaTakeyoshi en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Takeyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaiYasuo en-aut-sei=Nagai en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoAtene en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Atene kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaNaohiro en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaShohei en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=pancreatoduodenectomy kn-keyword=pancreatoduodenectomy en-keyword=robotic surgery kn-keyword=robotic surgery en-keyword=open surgery kn-keyword=open surgery en-keyword=textbook outcome kn-keyword=textbook outcome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=1570 end-page=1576 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260428 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Impact of Donor Cirrhosis Outcome Risk Estimator (CORE) Score on Recipient Outcomes Following Living-donor Liver Transplantation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Aim: Several studies have investigated predictive factors for outcomes of living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT). However, few have examined the clinical significance of the Cirrhosis Outcome Risk Estimator (CORE) score on prognosis following LDLT. This study aimed to investigate the impact of donor CORE scores in predicting the outcomes of patients undergoing LDLT.
Patients and Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 362 adult LDLT recipients at our Institution between January 1998 and December 2024. Patient and graft survival rates were compared between the groups with low (≤0.05) and high (>0.05) CORE scores. Subsequently, multivariate analyses were performed to investigate prognostic factors for survival, including the CORE score.
Results: Patients in the group with a low CORE score had significantly better survival (p=0.001; 5-year, 85.3% vs. 76.2%) and graft survival (p=0.001; 5-year, 84.1% vs. 74.6%) than those with a high CORE score. Multivariate analyses identified the CORE score (>0.05) as an independent predictor of patient survival (hazard ratio=1.70, 95% confidence interval=1.01-2.62, p=0.018) and graft survival (hazard ratio=1.66, 95% confidence interval=1.07-2.57, p=0.024).
Conclusion: This study demonstrated the clinical significance of donor CORE scores in recipient outcomes after LDLT. Assessment of the donor CORE score may be useful for evaluating the quality of liver grafts and estimating recipient outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TAKAGIKOSEI en-aut-sei=TAKAGI en-aut-mei=KOSEI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FUJITOMOKAZU en-aut-sei=FUJI en-aut-mei=TOMOKAZU kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YASUIKAZUYA en-aut-sei=YASUI en-aut-mei=KAZUYA kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NISHIYAMATAKEYOSHI en-aut-sei=NISHIYAMA en-aut-mei=TAKEYOSHI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NAGAIYASUO en-aut-sei=NAGAI en-aut-mei=YASUO kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OKADANAOHIRO en-aut-sei=OKADA en-aut-mei=NAOHIRO kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YOKOYAMASHOHEI en-aut-sei=YOKOYAMA en-aut-mei=SHOHEI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FUJIWARATOSHIYOSHI en-aut-sei=FUJIWARA en-aut-mei=TOSHIYOSHI kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Living-donor liver transplantation kn-keyword=Living-donor liver transplantation en-keyword=donor kn-keyword=donor en-keyword=recipient kn-keyword=recipient en-keyword=survival outcomes kn-keyword=survival outcomes en-keyword=Cirrhosis Outcome Risk Estimator score kn-keyword=Cirrhosis Outcome Risk Estimator score en-keyword=CORE kn-keyword=CORE END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=22 article-no= start-page=3694 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251118 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prognosis Prediction Model After Upfront Surgery for Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Study (OS-HBP-2) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Upfront surgery (UFS) remains the standard treatment for patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We aimed to investigate the prognostic factors for survival after UFS in patients with resectable PDAC and to develop a prognostic prediction model. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included 603 patients who underwent UFS for resectable PDAC between January 2013 and December 2017. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). We constructed a prognostic prediction model for OS after UFS. An internal validation was performed to evaluate the discriminative performance of the model. Results: The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 83.7%, 48.2%, and 37.5%, respectively. The Cox proportional hazards model showed that tumor size > 2 cm (hazard ratio [HR] 1.50, p = 0.001); tumor contact with the portal and superior mesenteric veins of ≤180° (HR 1.47, p = 0.003); carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels of 40 to 500 U/mL (HR 1.59, p = 0.002) and ≥500 U/mL (HR 2.16, p < 0.001); and a modified Glasgow Prognostic Score of two (HR 1.56, p = 0.038) were predictors associated with OS. The prognostic prediction model for 5-year OS demonstrated an area under the curve of 0.68. The calibration plots indicate a concordance index of 0.63. Conclusions: We identified the preoperative prognostic factors for OS and developed a prognostic prediction model to estimate OS in patients undergoing UFS for resectable PDAC. Our model may be useful and internally validated for predicting OS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKazuya en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiokiMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Hioki en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabayashiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Okabayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaToru en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoYoshikatsu en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Yoshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NobuokaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Nobuoka en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuiKenta en-aut-sei=Sui en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiMasaru en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Masaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinouraSusumu en-aut-sei=Shinoura en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraMasashi en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaTatsuo en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=AokiHideki en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Himeji Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Surgery, Tenwakai Matsuda Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=pancreatic cancer kn-keyword=pancreatic cancer en-keyword=resectable kn-keyword=resectable en-keyword=upfront Surgery kn-keyword=upfront Surgery en-keyword=outcomes kn-keyword=outcomes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=801 end-page=809 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250922 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Risk Factors and Strategies for Failure to Rescue Following Hepatectomy: A Review en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Failure to rescue (FTR), defined as mortality after major postoperative complications, is a crucial indicator of surgical quality. Although mortality rates after hepatectomy have declined owing to improved surgical techniques and perioperative care, FTR remains a major concern. This review synthesizes the current evidence on the risk factors contributing to FTR after hepatectomy and explores multidisciplinary strategies to reduce its rate. Post-hepatectomy liver failure, hemorrhage, bile leakage, and sepsis commonly precede FTR. Risk factors for FTR are multifactorial and include patient-, procedure-, and system-related factors. Higher procedural volumes are associated with lower FTR rates, likely due to better infrastructure, experienced personnel, and access to rapid interventions. Strategies to reduce the FTR rate include preoperative optimization, intraoperative precision, and vigilant postoperative surveillance. System-level approaches, such as multidisciplinary rounds, standardized escalation protocols, and a robust institutional safety culture, are also pivotal. Future innovations, such as predictive analytics, artificial intelligence, and wearable monitoring devices, offer considerable potential for the early detection of complications. Centralization of complex liver surgeries to high-volume centers is recommended to enhance team preparedness. This review emphasizes the importance of adopting a comprehensive, proactive, and technologically integrated approach to reduce the FTR rate after hepatectomy and improve patient survival. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimuraJiro en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Jiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiTomokazu en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Tomokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKazuya en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaTakeyoshi en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Takeyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=failure to rescue kn-keyword=failure to rescue en-keyword=hepatectomy kn-keyword=hepatectomy en-keyword=mortality kn-keyword=mortality en-keyword=risk factor kn-keyword=risk factor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=18 article-no= start-page=3038 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250917 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Outcomes of Robotic Pancreatectomy in the Octogenarian: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Due to the increasing incidence of pancreatic and periampullary cancers with advancing age, coupled with the growing evidence supporting minimally invasive pancreatectomy, the demand for such procedures is rising. However, data on the feasibility of robotic pancreatectomy in octogenarian patients remain scant. This study aimed to investigate overall outcomes of robotic pancreatectomy and evaluate its safety and feasibility in octogenarian patients. Methods: A multicenter, retrospective study was conducted, including 380 patients who underwent robotic pancreatectomy at two high-volume centers in Japan from April 2020 to December 2024. Using prospectively collected data, we compared outcomes between younger patients (<80 years) and octogenarian patients (≥80 years). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the impact of age on postoperative outcomes. Results: Among the 380 patients, with a median age of 72 (interquartile range: 61–77) years, 213 underwent robotic pancreatoduodenectomy (RPD), and 167 underwent robotic distal pancreatectomy (RDP). Octogenarian patients were found to have more comorbidities and a higher incidence of malignant diseases. Octogenarians experienced significantly longer hospital stays post-RPD (22 [octogenarian; n = 36] vs. 14 [younger; n = 177] days, p < 0.001) and post-RDP (14 [n = 23] vs. 10.5 [n = 144] days, p = 0.02), yet their perioperative outcomes were comparable. Multivariable analyses indicated that age (≥80 years) was not a significant risk factor for major complications following robotic pancreatectomy (odds ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.59–2.84; p = 0.479). Conclusions: This multicenter study conducted at high-volume centers suggests that robotic pancreatectomy can be safely performed in carefully selected octogenarian patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakagiKosei en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Kosei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiTomokazu en-aut-sei=Fuji en-aut-mei=Tomokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaharaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Takahara en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasuiKazuya en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaTakeyoshi en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Takeyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UyamaIchiro en-aut-sei=Uyama en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SudaKoichi en-aut-sei=Suda en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil= Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil= Department of Advanced Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery, Fujita Health University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil= Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil= Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=robotic pancreatectomy kn-keyword=robotic pancreatectomy en-keyword=pancreatoduodenectomy kn-keyword=pancreatoduodenectomy en-keyword=distal pancreatectomy kn-keyword=distal pancreatectomy en-keyword=elderly patients kn-keyword=elderly patients END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=6296 end-page=6305 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260415 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association of Preoperative Inspiratory Muscle Weakness and Respiratory Sarcopenia with Postoperative Pneumonia Following Esophagectomy: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Esophagectomy is associated with a high rate of postoperative pneumonia, which significantly impacts patient outcomes, including survival and quality of life. While some modifiable risk factors have been identified, the specific role of preoperative respiratory muscle function remains to be fully elucidated. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the association of preoperative inspiratory muscle weakness (IMW) and respiratory sarcopenia (RS) with postoperative pneumonia in patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy.
Methods Patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy between July 2021 and June 2023 were enrolled in this multicenter, retrospective, cohort study. The primary outcome was postoperative pneumonia, while preoperative IMW and RS were the main exposures. Respiratory sarcopenia was defined as the presence of both IMW and low skeletal muscle mass, which is assessed by using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Associations were analyzed by using G-computation within a Bayesian framework.
Results A total of 213 patients were enrolled in this study. Postoperative pneumonia occurred in 42 patients (19.7%). Preoperative IMW was strongly associated with an increased risk of pneumonia, with a mean risk difference (RD) of 18.1% (95% credible interval [CrI] 5–33.6). The posterior probability that the RD exceeds 5% was > 98%. Respiratory sarcopenia also showed a potential association, although with greater uncertainty (mean RD, 11.2%; 95% CrI − 3.8 to 27.9). The posterior probability that the RD exceeds 5% was 76.7%.
Conclusions Preoperative IMW is a notable risk factor for postoperative pneumonia following esophagectomy. While a potential link with RS was found, its role remains uncertain and requires further investigation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkuraKazuki en-aut-sei=Okura en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoHiroki en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaSho en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYusuke en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagakiYushi en-aut-sei=Nagaki en-aut-mei=Yushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakitaAkiyuki en-aut-sei=Wakita en-aut-mei=Akiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaNaoaki en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Naoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeShunsuke en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraYoshinori en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NomaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Noma en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYusuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KasukawaYuji en-aut-sei=Kasukawa en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakoshiNaohisa en-aut-sei=Miyakoshi en-aut-mei=Naohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Akita University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Akita University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Esophageal Surgery, Akita University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Esophageal Surgery, Akita University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Esophageal Surgery, Akita University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Akita University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Akita University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Inspiratory muscle kn-keyword=Inspiratory muscle en-keyword=Respiratory sarcopenia kn-keyword=Respiratory sarcopenia en-keyword=Postoperative pneumonia kn-keyword=Postoperative pneumonia en-keyword=Perioperative rehabilitation kn-keyword=Perioperative rehabilitation en-keyword=Esophagectomy kn-keyword=Esophagectomy en-keyword=Esophageal cancer kn-keyword=Esophageal cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260514 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Atezolizumab + Chemotherapy in Older Patients With Lung Cancer in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Pivotal phase 3 trials leading to the approvals of atezolizumab─chemotherapy combinations for non-small cell and extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (NSCLC and ES-SCLC) had strict eligibility criteria. J-TAIL-2 was a prospective, observational study in Japan that evaluated atezolizumab regimens for advanced NSCLC/ES-SCLC, including patients ineligible for global trials. The primary endpoint was 12-month overall survival (OS); safety and efficacy in subgroups defined by age, ECOG PS and/or G8 score, and creatinine clearance were key secondary endpoints. As of February 3, 2023, 1217 patients were treated in clinical practice based on Japanese labeling/treatment guidelines. Patients received atezolizumab with either carboplatin and nab-paclitaxel (atezo + CnP), carboplatin/cisplatin and pemetrexed (atezo + PP), or bevacizumab and carboplatin and paclitaxel (atezo + bev + CP) in the NSCLC cohort (n = 814) or with carboplatin and etoposide (atezo + CE) in the ES-SCLC cohort (n = 403). Overall, 53.5% were ≥ 70 years old, and 11.8% had ECOG PS ≥ 2; median G8 scores were 13 (NSCLC cohort) and 12 (ES-SCLC). Patients < 70 and ≥ 70 years had similar median (m)OS and progression-free survival (mPFS) across treatment regimens. Patients with ECOG PS < 2 and G8 score ≥ median had the highest mOS/PFS vs. patients with ECOG PS ≥ 2 and G8 score 0.5 log2 fold change) and linked to clinical outcomes reported in J-TAIL-2. IL-6, MUC-16, and KRT-19 were associated with shorter progression-free survival across multiple regimens. Granzyme A and B, immune activation markers, were elevated in responders who received atezolizumab + CnP and atezolizumab + bev + CP. High levels of baseline immune stimulation proteins were associated with irAEs across regimens. Protein expression changes were varied and regimen-dependent in subgroup analyses including older patients and those with EGFR-mutant tumors. These data warrant further investigation across different cancer types and atezolizumab-containing regimens to determine their relevance to efficacy and irAE occurrence of atezolizumab combination therapy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GotoYasushi en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishioMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishio en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsoegawaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Osoegawa en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiEiki en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraHideharu en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuJunichi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyauchiEisaku en-aut-sei=Miyauchi en-aut-mei=Eisaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaHiroshige en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoIchiro en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisumiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Misumi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeYasutaka en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatakamiNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Katakami en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KisoharaAkira en-aut-sei=Kisohara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiMasafumi en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurokiHirotaka en-aut-sei=Kuroki en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoMasamichi en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Masamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=AshimuraHisao en-aut-sei=Ashimura en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMisa en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Misa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=GemmaAkihiko en-aut-sei=Gemma en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Data Science, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Medical Oncology Takarazuka City Hospital Takarazuka Japan kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kasukabe Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Nippon Medical School kn-affil= en-keyword=atezolizumab kn-keyword=atezolizumab en-keyword=biomarker kn-keyword=biomarker en-keyword=non-small cell lung cancer kn-keyword=non-small cell lung cancer en-keyword=plasma protein kn-keyword=plasma protein en-keyword=small cell lung cancer kn-keyword=small cell lung cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=4-5 article-no= start-page=e70061 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Computer‐Aided Sperm Analysis Protocol for Evaluating Sperm Motility in Japanese Medaka en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Changes in sperm motility can serve as an early indicator of reproductive effects caused by environmental chemicals or genetic perturbations. However, sperm motility is highly sensitive to external factors such as osmolarity, ionic composition, and the timing of measurement after activation, making it challenging to obtain consistent and reproducible measurements. Here, we present a standardized protocol for assessing sperm motility in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) using a sperm motility analysis system (SMAS), an application for computer-aided sperm motility analysis (CASA). This protocol details the procedures for sperm collection, activation, and quantitative motility assessment, with particular focus on changes in the percentage of motile sperm post activation and the effects of sperm cryopreservation. We demonstrate time-dependent declines in sperm motility and velocity, and highlight the importance of early post-activation measurements to accurately capture peak motility. Notably, cryopreservation significantly accelerated the decline in sperm motility rate without affecting the initial proportion of motile sperm. To enable reliable comparisons among experimental groups, we recommend standardizing the initiation time after sperm activation by using CASA, and show that measurements should be initiated within 1 min after activation to obtain consistent and reliable data. This standardized SMAS-based protocol provides a robust and reproducible framework for sperm motility analysis in medaka and will be valuable not only for studies in reproductive biology, toxicology, and environmental risk assessment but also for applied research, such as breeding of aquacultural fishes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroyanagiMiwa en-aut-sei=Kuroyanagi en-aut-mei=Miwa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnsaiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Ansai en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoKeigo en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoAi en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiTouko en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Touko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KameiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kamei en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeEiji en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaruseKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Naruse en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OginoYukiko en-aut-sei=Ogino en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Advanced Aquaculture Science, Faculty of Marine Bioscience and Technology, Fukui Prefectural University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Interuniversity Bio-Backup Project Center, National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB) kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institutes of Natural Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Optics and Bioimaging Facility, NIBB kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Basic Biology Program, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Laboratory of Bioresources, National Institutes of Natural Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= en-keyword=computer-aided sperm motility analysis (CASA) kn-keyword=computer-aided sperm motility analysis (CASA) en-keyword=medaka kn-keyword=medaka en-keyword=sperm motility kn-keyword=sperm motility en-keyword=sperm motility analysis system (SMAS) kn-keyword=sperm motility analysis system (SMAS) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=3702 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260511 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exploratory Analysis of Serum IGF-I Levels and Symptom Trajectories in Long COVID During the Omicron Period en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Although several risk factors have been reported for long COVID (LC), reliable biomarkers for this illness remain lacking. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, a major mediator of growth hormones, plays an important role in metabolism, neuroprotection, and systemic homeostasis, and therefore may be useful in predicting the severity and prognosis of LC. Methods: This study included patients who visited a specialized clinic for long COVID between 2022 and 2025 during the Omicron period and had serum IGF-I measurements taken. IGF-I levels were expressed as age- and sex-adjusted standard deviation scores (IGF-I SD), and patients were classified into low (SD < −1.0), normal (−1.0 ≤ SD < 1.0), and high (SD ≥ 1.0) groups. Clinical characteristics, patient-reported outcomes, laboratory data, and follow-up duration were analyzed. Results: A total of 811 patients were included (median 42 years; 52.5% female). Compared with the normal group, the low-IGF-I group exhibited higher fatigue (FAS: 37.0 vs. 34.0; p < 0.05) and depressive (SDS: 50.0 vs. 49.0; p < 0.05) status. Multivariable linear regression analyses identified lower IGF-I SD as independently associated with higher scores of both FAS and SDS. IGF-I SD values showed negative correlations with ferritin (ρ = −0.125, p < 0.05) and TSH (ρ = −0.202, p < 0.01) and positive correlations with albumin (ρ = 0.227, p < 0.01) and FT4 (ρ = 0.165, p < 0.01). Among the 237 patients who completed follow-up, the median duration from the initial visit to recovery tended to be longer in the low-IGF-I group (221 days) compared with the normal (191 days) and high (109 days) groups, although these differences were not statistically significant overall. In patients aged < 50 years, the low-IGF-I group showed a relatively longer follow-up duration (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the low-IGF-I group had a longer time to recovery compared to the high-IGF-I group (p < 0.05), and this difference was more pronounced in patients under 50 years of age, with significant differences observed among the three IGF-I groups. Conclusions: Lower IGF-I levels in LC may be associated with greater fatigue and depressive symptoms and longer recovery time, particularly in younger patients. Further studies are needed to clarify the clinical significance of these findings. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuyamaAtsuhito en-aut-sei=Suyama en-aut-mei=Atsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki en-aut-sei=Tokumasu en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuradaYasue en-aut-sei=Sakurada en-aut-mei=Yasue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaYui en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoejimaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaToru en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaseRyosuke en-aut-sei=Takase en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguniKohei en-aut-sei=Oguni en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaKeigo en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=COVID-19 kn-keyword=COVID-19 en-keyword=fatigue kn-keyword=fatigue en-keyword=IGF-I kn-keyword=IGF-I en-keyword=long COVID kn-keyword=long COVID en-keyword=recovery kn-keyword=recovery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1774957 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hochuekkito attenuates anxiety-like behavior associated with pulmonary inflammation induced by intratracheal lipopolysaccharides in mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: We have previously demonstrated that intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection induces significant pulmonary inflammation accompanied by hippocampal microglial activation, indicative of neuroinflammation. Hochuekkito (HET) is a traditional Japanese herbal medicine used to treat various conditions, including mental disorders and physical weakness. We have previously reported that HET ameliorates anxiety-like behaviors induced by intraperitoneal LPS injections in mice. However, its anxiolytic effects on anxiety-like behaviors due to pulmonary inflammation remain poorly understood. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of HET on anxiety-like behaviors induced by intratracheal LPS injection in mice.
Methods: Mice received HET (1.0 g/kg) once daily for 2 weeks through oral gavage prior to LPS treatment. The light-dark box test was conducted 24 h following LPS injection to assess anxiety-like behaviors. Diazepam, a clinically used anxiolytic, served as a positive control. The lung wet-to-dry weight ratio was determined, and the concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the lungs and serum were assessed.
Results: Repeated administration of HET prevented the development of anxiety-like behaviors and reduced serum IL-6 concentrations and hippocampal Il6 mRNA expression levels in LPS-treated mice. Diazepam failed to exert significant effects in LPS-treated mice, whereas HET remained effective under inflammatory conditions. Moreover, LPS injections significantly increased the number of Iba-1-immunoreactive microglial cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, whereas this effect was suppressed by treatment with HET. In the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the LPS-induced increase in white blood cell count was significantly reduced by treatment with HET. Furthermore, HET alleviated LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation, as evidenced by decreased lung wet-to-dry weight ratios.
Conclusion: This study suggests that inflammation induced by intratracheal LPS injection contributes to anxiety-like behaviors in mice and that IL-6 may play a key role in linking peripheral inflammation to neuroinflammatory responses. The anxiolytic effects of HET appear to be associated, at least in part, with the suppression of IL-6 elevation in both the periphery and the hippocampus, along with attenuation of microglial activation. Our findings suggest that HET may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for anxiety-like behaviors associated with pulmonary inflammation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IzushiYasuhisa en-aut-sei=Izushi en-aut-mei=Yasuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UshioSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ushio en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaTeppei en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Teppei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TasakaYuichi en-aut-sei=Tasaka en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiIkuko en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Ikuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanumaMasato en-aut-sei=Asanuma en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamuraYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Kitamura en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Health Crisis Management, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Medical Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Medical Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University kn-affil= en-keyword=anxiety kn-keyword=anxiety en-keyword=hochuekkito kn-keyword=hochuekkito en-keyword=inflammation kn-keyword=inflammation en-keyword=interleukin-6 kn-keyword=interleukin-6 en-keyword=lipopolysaccharide kn-keyword=lipopolysaccharide en-keyword=lung kn-keyword=lung en-keyword=traditional Japanese herbal medicine kn-keyword=traditional Japanese herbal medicine END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Classification of hypotony maculopathy based on optical coherence tomography findings and risk factors for visual outcomes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose To classify hypotony maculopathy (HM) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings and to investigate the associations among morphological types, clinical factors, and visual outcomes.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed 60 eyes that developed HM after trabeculectomy. HM was classified according to the distribution and configuration of chorioretinal undulations on OCT B-scans. Between-group comparisons were performed, and factors associated with the morphological classification and logMAR best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 3 months after HM onset (3-month BCVA) were determined.
Results HM was classified into three OCT-based types by categorizing chorioretinal undulations as folds (U-shaped troughs) or spikes (V-shaped troughs): Type 1, folds only on vertical scans; Type 2, folds on both vertical and horizontal scans; Type 3, folds on both scans, with spikes. Axial length in Type 3 was significantly longer than that in Type 2 (P = 0.034). Subfoveal choroidal thickness was significantly thinner in Type 3 than in Types 1 and 2 (both P < 0.001). Minimum intraocular pressure (IOP) was significantly higher in Type 1 than in Types 2 and 3 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively), with no difference between Types 2 and 3. In multivariable analysis using Type 1 as the reference group, minimum IOP was significantly associated with Type 2 (P = 0.001). For Type 3, both minimum IOP (P = 0.03) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (P = 0.02) showed significant associations. The 3-month BCVA was significantly worse in Type 3 than in Types 1 and 2 (P < 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively). Chorioretinal spikes and preoperative BCVA were significantly associated with 3-month BCVA (both P < 0.001). Exploratory receiver operating characteristic analysis assessed the discriminative ability of subfoveal choroidal thickness for the presence of chorioretinal spikes (AUC = 0.876). A thickness of 195.0 μm was identified as a candidate cutoff value (sensitivity 92.3% and specificity 72.3%).
Conclusions In HM following TLE, chorioretinal spikes and preoperative BCVA are significantly associated with the 3-month BCVA. In HM, a thin subfoveal choroid (< 195.0 μm), may be associated with chorioretinal spikes, suggesting the need for careful postoperative IOP and OCT monitoring. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanzakiYuki en-aut-sei=Kanzaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraMiyuki en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Miyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraRie en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoSara en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Sara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuiNaruka en-aut-sei=Mitsui en-aut-mei=Naruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiodeYusuke en-aut-sei=Shiode en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaMio Morizane en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Mio Morizane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatobaRyo en-aut-sei=Matoba en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaTetsuro en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Tetsuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiJunko en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaYuki en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkatsukaRiku en-aut-sei=Akatsuka en-aut-mei=Riku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiAkihiro en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorizaneYuki en-aut-sei=Morizane en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Hypotony maculopathy kn-keyword=Hypotony maculopathy en-keyword=Optical coherence tomography kn-keyword=Optical coherence tomography en-keyword=Trabeculectomy kn-keyword=Trabeculectomy en-keyword=Chorioretinal spike kn-keyword=Chorioretinal spike en-keyword=Choroidal thickness kn-keyword=Choroidal thickness en-keyword=Visual outcomes kn-keyword=Visual outcomes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=104848 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Predictors of therapeutic response and pain after near-infrared photoimmunotherapy in head and neck cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objective: Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) has been approved by the Japanese national health insurance for approximately five years, and clinical experience has steadily accumulated. However, reports analyzing treatment outcomes and pain-related factors remain limited. This study aimed to identify predictors of therapeutic response and pain following NIR-PIT.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 25 patients who underwent NIR-PIT for head and neck cancer between January 2021 and June 2025. Lesion diameter and thickness were evaluated in relation to complete response (CR), and the frequency and predictors of post-treatment pain were assessed.
Results: Among 22 evaluable patients, eight achieved CR. Lesions with a shorter longest diameter and thinner thickness were significantly associated with higher CR rates (p = 0.011 and p = 0.024). Moderate-to-severe pain (Numerical Rating Scale ≥4) occurred in 18 of 48 treatment cycles (37.5%) but was significantly less frequent in patients with a history of reconstructive surgery (p = 0.017).
Conclusions: NIR-PIT demonstrated particularly favorable efficacy for short, thin lesions, suggesting that early introduction of treatment may be associated with improved therapeutic outcomes. A history of reconstructive surgery was associated with reduced post-treatment pain, highlighting the importance of individualized treatment and pain management strategies in head and neck cancer patients undergoing NIR-PIT. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumotoJunya en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakinoTakuma en-aut-sei=Makino en-aut-mei=Takuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaoiYuto en-aut-sei=Naoi en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoShohei en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMizuo en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Mizuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy kn-keyword=Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy en-keyword=Head and neck cancer kn-keyword=Head and neck cancer en-keyword=Treatment response kn-keyword=Treatment response en-keyword=Tumor size kn-keyword=Tumor size en-keyword=Tumor thickness kn-keyword=Tumor thickness en-keyword=Pain kn-keyword=Pain END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=e70494 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Comparative Efficacy of First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Combination Therapies in Patients With Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Japanese Multicenter Cohort Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objectives: Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (sRCC) is an aggressive histological variant associated with a poor prognosis. While immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combinations have become the standard of care, the optimal first-line regimen, specifically dual immunotherapy (IO-IO) vs. IO plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (IO-TKI), remains controversial. We herein examined the real-world clinical outcomes of Japanese patients with sRCC.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study on 46 patients with advanced or metastatic sRCC receiving first-line ICI-based combination therapy between January 2018 and December 2024 (IO-IO: n = 18; IO-TKI: n = 28). In a comparative survival analysis, three favorable-risk patients in the IO-TKI group were excluded to align risk profiles, focusing on intermediate/poor-risk groups (n = 43). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).
Results: In the entire cohort (n = 46), the objective response rate was numerically higher in the IO-TKI group (64.3%) than in the IO-IO group (50.0%) (p = 0.37). In the comparative analysis of intermediate/poor-risk patients (n = 43), progression-free survival (PFS) was slightly longer (p = 0.071), and OS was significantly longer (p = 0.016) in the IO-TKI group than in the IO-IO group. A multivariable analysis adjusted for IMDC risk categories showed favorable survival with the IO-TKI regimen (HR 0.37, p = 0.061).
Conclusions: The present study indicates that first-line IO-TKI combination therapy represents a promising treatment option with a potential survival advantage over IO-IO therapy for Japanese patients with sRCC. However, due to the retrospective design and small sample size, reliably determining the comparative efficacy of these regimens remains challenging, and further validation is warranted. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TamuraKeita en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushitaYuto en-aut-sei=Matsushita en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHiromitsu en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hiromitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagisawaTakafumi en-aut-sei=Yanagisawa en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriKeiichiro en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Keiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorinakaHirofumi en-aut-sei=Morinaka en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=BekkuKensuke en-aut-sei=Bekku en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaShingo en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NukayaTakuhisa en-aut-sei=Nukaya en-aut-mei=Takuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaenosonoRyoichi en-aut-sei=Maenosono en-aut-mei=Ryoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomuraKazumasa en-aut-sei=Komura en-aut-mei=Kazumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaKazutoshi en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Kazutoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaharaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Takahara en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=AzumaHaruhito en-aut-sei=Azuma en-aut-mei=Haruhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=InamotoTeruo en-aut-sei=Inamoto en-aut-mei=Teruo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Fujita-Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Urology, Fujita-Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=dual immunotherapy kn-keyword=dual immunotherapy en-keyword=immune checkpoint inhibitor kn-keyword=immune checkpoint inhibitor en-keyword=immunotherapy plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor kn-keyword=immunotherapy plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor en-keyword=sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma kn-keyword=sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=BSR20260010 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tubulogenesis of bovine uterine glands by epidermal growth factor and collagen I in 3D culture systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Uterine glands are endometrial exocrine epithelia that support early embryo development. Their secretions are particularly essential for conceptus elongation in cattle. Uterine glands develop from the luminal epithelium and elongate into the stromal layer toward the myometrium. This process is regulated by growth factors, WNT proteins, and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM); however, the precise mechanisms that govern bovine uterine gland morphogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we determined how these signaling factors and ECM components affect the tubular formation of bovine uterine gland fragments in 3D culture systems. Uterine gland fragments were enzymatically isolated from bovine endometria and 3D-cultured in Matrigel with or without growth factors (EGF, FGF1, FGF2, FGF7, FGF10, and IGF-1) and WNT (WNT3A, WNT5A, and WNT7A) proteins. Of these, only EGF stimulated the elongation of uterine gland fragments and eventually induced the formation of uterine gland-like structures. EGF-induced tubulogenesis was accompanied by a rapid increase in cell proliferation and alterations in cell–ECM interactions. The supplementation of collagen I with Matrigel further promoted the elongation of the tubular structures. Although the addition of collagen I did not alter the gene expression profiles of the uterine gland-like structures, the integrin-ROCK pathway contributed to the collagen-induced enhancement of elongation. Our findings clarified that EGF and collagen I, but not FGFs, IGF-1, or WNTs, are key regulators for the tubular formation of 3D-cultured bovine uterine gland fragments. This 3D culture system provides a new platform to examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying bovine uterine gland morphogenesis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuginoYosuke en-aut-sei=Sugino en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchikawaRei en-aut-sei=Ichikawa en-aut-mei=Rei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuyamaShuichi en-aut-sei=Matsuyama en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYuki en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawanoKohei en-aut-sei=Kawano en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraKoji en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=3D cell culture kn-keyword=3D cell culture en-keyword=bovine, collagen I kn-keyword=bovine, collagen I en-keyword=epidermal growth factor kn-keyword=epidermal growth factor en-keyword=tubular structure kn-keyword=tubular structure en-keyword=uterine gland kn-keyword=uterine gland END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260426 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=What Is the Pterygomandibular Raphe? A Confluence of Fasciae Rather Than a Discrete Structure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The pterygomandibular raphe (PMR) has traditionally been described as a fibrous or tendinous band connecting the bucinator (BM) and superior pharyngeal constrictor (SPCM) muscles. However, recent evidence has questioned its existence. This study aimed to reevaluate the anatomy of the pterygomandibular region by preserving fascial continuity and examining the relationships among adjacent muscles and connective tissues. Twenty-five sides from formalin-fixed cadaveric heads were examined. Twenty sides underwent macroscopic dissection under a surgical microscope, and five sides were sectioned axially and analyzed histologically using Masson's trichrome staining to assess muscle–fascia continuity. The buccopharyngeal fascia (BpF) adhered tightly to the posterolateral surface of the BM. A ligament-like bundle observed between the BM and medial pterygoid muscle corresponded to an artificial continuation of the BpF created by dissection. Axial sections revealed that the BpF, masseteric, and temporalis fasciae converged anteriorly on the lateral surface of the BM, while posteriorly, the BpF and temporalis fascia also merged, forming a confluence of fasciae. No discrete tendinous or ligamentous PMR was identified. The so-called PMR represents a dissection artifact rather than a true anatomical structure. These findings emphasize the importance of preserving fascial relationships and using precise terminology in anatomical and clinical contexts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwanagaJoe en-aut-sei=Iwanaga en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamaShion en-aut-sei=Hama en-aut-mei=Shion kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukinoKeiko en-aut-sei=Fukino en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikutaShogo en-aut-sei=Kikuta en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HurMi‐Sun en-aut-sei=Hur en-aut-mei=Mi‐Sun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=CespedesMaria Cristina Manzanares en-aut-sei=Cespedes en-aut-mei=Maria Cristina Manzanares kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhyamaYoshio en-aut-sei=Ohyama en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkashiMasaya en-aut-sei=Akashi en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomuneNoritaka en-aut-sei=Komune en-aut-mei=Noritaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamochiHideaki en-aut-sei=Kamochi en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Anatomy, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Human Anatomy and Embryology Unit. Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shizuoka City Shizuoka Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=anatomy kn-keyword=anatomy en-keyword=bucinator kn-keyword=bucinator en-keyword=connective tissue kn-keyword=connective tissue en-keyword=dentistry kn-keyword=dentistry en-keyword=fascia kn-keyword=fascia en-keyword=masticatory muscles kn-keyword=masticatory muscles en-keyword=oral surgery kn-keyword=oral surgery en-keyword=pharynx kn-keyword=pharynx END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=73466 end-page=73478 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Construction of a Lightweight Simulation Environment Based on Topological Mapping en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Autonomous mobile robots require safe and efficient environmental representations for traversability-aware navigation and learning. In particular, self-learning of traversability from real-world driving experience can require robots to operate near the limits of their mobility, which introduces physical risks such as falls, malfunctions, or hardware damage. To provide a safer complementary environment for such validation and future learning, this paper proposes ATC-Mesh. This framework constructs a lightweight, simulation-ready mesh environment from the topological map produced by Adaptive Resonance Theory-based Topological Clustering with Different Topologies (ATC-DT) using high-density LiDAR point clouds. Unlike standard mesh reconstruction methods that directly process dense point clouds, ATC-Mesh generates a compact mesh from the node–edge structure of the topological map while preserving traversability attributes associated with the topological map. Experiments using two real-world LiDAR datasets show that ATC-Mesh achieves competitive mesh-construction quality compared with standard baseline methods while reducing construction time and mesh size. Gazebo experiments further show that the generated meshes can support waypoint-based navigation with a low simulation load. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoYukinaga en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Yukinaga kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TodaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Toda en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsunoTakayuki en-aut-sei=Matsuno en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Autonomous mobile robot kn-keyword=Autonomous mobile robot en-keyword=topological map kn-keyword=topological map en-keyword=digital twin kn-keyword=digital twin END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=183 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=156163 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photochemical oxidative synthesis of carboxylic acids from aldehydes or alcohols with water via CH bromination en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The photoinduced oxidation of aldehydes or alcohols with water to give the corresponding carboxylic acids is described. This photochemical carboxylation proceeds via the in-situ generation of acyl-bromide intermediates upon irradiation with purple or UV LED light; these intermediates subsequently react with water to give the desired carboxylic acids. This mild photochemical reaction affords diverse carboxylic acids without peroxide generation or the need to use transition-metal catalysts and a stoichiometric amount of base, highlighting its potential utility for the synthesis of natural products and bioactive compounds. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=El-kholanyMohamed R. en-aut-sei=El-kholany en-aut-mei=Mohamed R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoAtsuya en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Atsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FalconeMorgane en-aut-sei=Falcone en-aut-mei=Morgane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamuraHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Takamura en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadotaIsao en-aut-sei=Kadota en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKenta en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Carboxylation kn-keyword=Carboxylation en-keyword=Photochemical synthesis kn-keyword=Photochemical synthesis en-keyword=Csingle bondH bromination kn-keyword=Csingle bondH bromination en-keyword=Water kn-keyword=Water END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Switchable photoluminescence of europium(iii) complexes with chromonylhydrazones en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Europium(III) complexes bearing 4-hydroxy- or 4-methyl-N′-((6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)methylene)benzohydrazide (HL1 or HL2) showed characteristic EuIII 5D0 → 7FJ (J = 0–4) luminescence both in acetonitrile and in solid states with relatively high Φtot values. The luminescence was quenched not only by adding triethylamine in acetonitrile, but also by heating the solid sample, and recovered by adding perchloric acid in solution or by diffusion of HCl vapor to the resulting solid sample. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KameiAsahi en-aut-sei=Kamei en-aut-mei=Asahi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoDaisuke en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaharaKazuma en-aut-sei=Takahara en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoseKeito en-aut-sei=Nose en-aut-mei=Keito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoHideki en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaMasaki en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoMasako en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Masako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTakayoshi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Takayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, The University of Osaka kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=100726 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Roles of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its ligands in osteoclast differentiation and temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays an essential role in skeletal homeostasis. Increasing evidence indicates that AhR critically regulates osteoclast differentiation and activity, thereby influencing bone mass, bone resorption, and susceptibility to skeletal diseases. Although AhR has also been implicated in osteoblast-lineage cells, its regulatory roles in osteoclasts and immune cells are less well understood but are increasingly recognized as central to bone remodeling. In particular, AhR signaling modulates immune cell subsets relevant to bone metabolism and governs the differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages into osteoclasts.
Highlight: This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the regulation of osteoclast differentiation by AhR and its ligands under both physiological and pathological conditions. Special emphasis is placed on the interaction between AhR and the RANKL signaling axis in osteoclasts, as well as on how exogenous and endogenous ligands, including benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), modulate bone resorption and subchondral bone remodeling in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Furthermore, the role of macrophages as osteoclast progenitors and immunomodulators has been highlighted, positioning AhR as a critical intermediary that links environmental exposure, inflammation, and skeletal metabolism.
Conclusion: In this review, we outlined the diverse functions of AhR signaling and its ligands in oral and temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. AhR plays a central role in bone remodeling. The harmful exogenous ligand B[a]P generally promotes bone loss, whereas the endogenous ligand FICZ exerts protective actions. These insights highlight AhR as a key regulatory switch linking the skeletal and immune systems and as a promising therapeutic target for bone-destructive disorders. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IzawaTakashi en-aut-sei=Izawa en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HutamiIslamy Rahma en-aut-sei=Hutami en-aut-mei=Islamy Rahma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshikawaYuri en-aut-sei=Yoshikawa en-aut-mei=Yuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KozakiGohji en-aut-sei=Kozaki en-aut-mei=Gohji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaYusaku en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Yusaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NambaYuki en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaguchiMisa en-aut-sei=Taguchi en-aut-mei=Misa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenJiamin en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Jiamin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HabumugishaJanvier en-aut-sei=Habumugisha en-aut-mei=Janvier kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) kn-keyword=Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) en-keyword=AhR ligands kn-keyword=AhR ligands en-keyword=Osteoclasts kn-keyword=Osteoclasts en-keyword=Arthritis kn-keyword=Arthritis en-keyword=Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis kn-keyword=Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=829 end-page=838 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260416 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Differences in drug efficacy and prognosis between primary and metastatic sites for de novo stage IV breast cancer: an exploratory analysis of a phase III trial, JCOG1017 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, with biological factors like estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 receptor differing between primary and metastatic sites, potentially affecting treatment response.
This exploratory analysis aims to differentiate drug efficacy and long-term prognosis between these sites in stage IV breast cancer.
Methods Patients from JCOG1017, a phase III trial evaluating the role of primary tumor resection, who received primary systemic therapy (PST) were evaluated at three months. In this analysis, treatment response was assessed separately in primary and metastatic sites. Patients were categorized into four groups: discordant I (primary non-PD, metastatic PD), concordant I (both PD), discordant II (primary PD, metastatic non-PD), and concordant II (both non-PD).
Results Among 271 patients, overall discordance proportion of treatment response between primary and metastatic sites was 25.1%. Group distribution was 24.7% (discordant I), 9.6% (concordant I), 0.4% (discordant II), and 65.3% (concordant II). Discordance was more frequent in luminal (28.9%), triple-negative (25.0%), and luminal-HER2 (22.0%) subtypes than in HER2-enriched (11.1%). Survival analysis showed prognostic differences: concordant II, with both sites non-PD, demonstrated the most favorable outcome compared with discordant I (HR 0.556; 95% confidence interval, 0.396–0.782).
Conclusions One-fourth of patients exhibited discordant responses between primary and metastatic sites in early treatment phases. These discrepancies were associated with survival differences, emphasizing the importance of evaluating both primary and metastatic lesions when assessing efficacy and determining treatment strategies in de novo stage IV breast cancer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaKiyo en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimomuraAkihiko en-aut-sei=Shimomura en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshitobiMakoto en-aut-sei=Ishitobi en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaTakashi en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukiokiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Tsukioki en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataHiroji en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Hiroji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraFumikata en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Fumikata kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaTomomi en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Tomomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiKeita en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadachiRyo en-aut-sei=Sadachi en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajikawaRiku en-aut-sei=Kajikawa en-aut-mei=Riku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiTakehiko en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=SagaraYasuaki en-aut-sei=Sagara en-aut-mei=Yasuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigematsuHideo en-aut-sei=Shigematsu en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiYukinori en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Yukinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=NozawaKazuki en-aut-sei=Nozawa en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=SudoKazuki en-aut-sei=Sudo en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoYoichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Yoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerataKaori en-aut-sei=Terata en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshibaToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Ishiba en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaHaruhiko en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Haruhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienTadahiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Toranomon Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Breast and Medical Oncology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Osaka Habikino Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Advanced Clinical Research and Development, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Breast Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Breast Oncology, Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Sagara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Advanced Clinical Research and Development, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of General Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Akita University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Breast Surgery, Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Discordance of treatment response between primary and metastatic sites kn-keyword=Discordance of treatment response between primary and metastatic sites en-keyword=De novo stage IV breast cancer kn-keyword=De novo stage IV breast cancer en-keyword=Primary systemic therapy kn-keyword=Primary systemic therapy en-keyword=Overall survival kn-keyword=Overall survival END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=528 end-page=536 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical complete response and predictive factors in HER2-positive early breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy aimed at omission of surgery: an exploratory analysis of the JCOG1806 trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose The JCOG1806 trial (jRCTs031190129) is underway to evaluate the omission of surgery in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive early breast cancer who have a clinical complete response (cCR) after primary systemic therapy (PST). We aimed to assess the cCR rate in this trial and identify predictive factors.
Methods HER2-positivity was defined as an immunohistochemistry (IHC) score of 3 + or in situ hybridization-positivity. A cCR was defined as the absence of detectable lesions upon palpation, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography; biopsy-based confirmation was optional in hormone receptor (HR)-negative cases and mandatory in HR-positive cases. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of a cCR.
Results The cCR rate was 57.6% (196/340 patients; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 52.2–63.0%). Strongly estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive tumors (≥ 10%) were significantly less likely to have a cCR than ER-negative tumors (odds ratio [OR], 0.41; 95% CI: 0.20–0.81). IHC 3 + tumors had higher cCR rates than IHC 1 + or 2 + tumors (OR, 2.19; 95% CI: 1.01–4.74). Compared with histological grade I tumors, cCR odds were higher in grade II (OR: 2.92; 95% CI: 1.07–7.93) and III (OR: 4.90; 95% CI: 1.76–13.7) tumors. Among patients without a cCR patients undergoing surgery, 22.2% were diagnosed with ypT0 tumors upon analysis of surgical specimens.
Conclusion ER-negativity, an IHC score of 3 + , and a higher histological grade were independent predictors of a cCR. Identifying these features may improve the feasibility and safety of surgery omission for patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShigematsuHideo en-aut-sei=Shigematsu en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaTomomi en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Tomomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraFumikata en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Fumikata kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataHiroji en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Hiroji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshibaToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Ishiba en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiYukinori en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Yukinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiTakehiko en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SagaraYasuaki en-aut-sei=Sagara en-aut-mei=Yasuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimomuraAkihiko en-aut-sei=Shimomura en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SudoKazuki en-aut-sei=Sudo en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerataKaori en-aut-sei=Terata en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoYoichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Yoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NozawaKazuki en-aut-sei=Nozawa en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiKeita en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitomeNoriko en-aut-sei=Mitome en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadachiRyo en-aut-sei=Sadachi en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataTaro en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Taro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienTadahiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Aichi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Hakuaikai Sagara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=National Center for Global Health and Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Akita University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Japan Clinical Oncology Group Data Center/Operations Office, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Breast cancer kn-keyword=Breast cancer en-keyword=Primary systemic therapy kn-keyword=Primary systemic therapy en-keyword=HER2 kn-keyword=HER2 en-keyword=cCR kn-keyword=cCR en-keyword=Omission of surgery kn-keyword=Omission of surgery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=208 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=2124 end-page=2133 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260415 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Decreased renal function predicts severe cytokine release syndrome after CAR-T-cell therapy for large B-cell lymphoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) remains a major toxicity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), and robust pre-infusion predictors are needed for risk-adapted management. We retrospectively analysed LBCL patients in the Japanese nationwide registry who underwent CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy between 2019 and 2024. Among 900 patients (median age 62 years), cumulative incidences of CRS within 30 days after infusion were 75.0% for any grade, 20.8% for grade ≥ 2 and 14.0% for grade ≥ 3. In multivariable analysis, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.108 per 10 mL/min per 1.73 m2 decrease; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.015–1.209; p = 0.022), higher ferritin (aHR 1.006 per 100 ng/mL; 95% CI 1.001–1.010; p = 0.016), C-reactive protein (CRP) (aHR 1.142 per mg/dL; 95% CI 1.091–1.195; p < 0.001) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (aHR 1.073 per 100 U/L; 95% CI 1.008–1.142; p = 0.028) independently predicted grade ≥ 2 CRS. We then built a four-factor CRS pre-infusion risk evaluation model, cytokine release syndrome-pre-infusion risk evaluation (CRS-PRE), that stratified grade ≥ 2 CRS risk into low, intermediate and high groups with incidences of 2.8%, 26.0% and 50.0% respectively. Decreased eGFR, a surrogate of host renal reserve, with elevated ferritin, CRP and LDH emerged as predictors of high-grade CRS. The CRS-PRE may facilitate risk-adapted monitoring and intervention in clinical practice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AraiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Arai en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=JoTomoyasu en-aut-sei=Jo en-aut-mei=Tomoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoTakayuki en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuraiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Sakurai en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Kaji en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitawakiToshio en-aut-sei=Kitawaki en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimoyamaTatsu en-aut-sei=Shimoyama en-aut-mei=Tatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiharaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Yoshihara en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakitaShinichi en-aut-sei=Makita en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNobuharu en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Nobuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoGo en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaidaEmiko en-aut-sei=Sakaida en-aut-mei=Emiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoHideki en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaAkiyo en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Akiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmezawaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Umezawa en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimHaryoon en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=Haryoon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoMotohiro en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Motohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsutaYoshiko en-aut-sei=Atsuta en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKoji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kurashiki Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Toranomon Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Clinical Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hyogo Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Toranomon Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Kanazawa University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Hematology, Oncology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy kn-keyword=chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy en-keyword=cytokine release syndrome kn-keyword=cytokine release syndrome en-keyword=estimated glomerular filtration rate kn-keyword=estimated glomerular filtration rate en-keyword=large B-cell lymphoma kn-keyword=large B-cell lymphoma END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=148 end-page=159 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Behavioral effects of a chronic envy-like stress paradigm in mice using an adjacent cage model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Social comparison and envy are significant psychosocial stressors in humans and are known to be involved in the onset and persistence of psychiatric disorders. However, animal models capable of experimentally reproducing the effects of indirect social comparison without physical contact are limited. In this study, we used a newly developed "adjacent-cage paradigm" to investigate whether chronic vicarious exposure to conspecifics in different environments induces envy-like stress in mice.
Methods: Male C57BL/6 N mice served as observers, while demonstrator mice were assigned to one of four conditions: (1) an environment enriched with objects, (2) an igloo, (3) a tube, or (4) social isolation. Observers were continuously exposed to these adjacent cages for 21 days. Subsequently, a comprehensive battery of behavioral tests was conducted to assess general health, anxiety-like behavior, spatial memory, social behavior, and depression-like behavior.
Results: In the objects condition, a decrease in time spent in the light compartment of the light/dark box indicated an increase in anxiety-like behavior. In the isolation condition, the mean duration per social interaction was shortened, suggesting a qualitative change in social behavior. The igloo condition resulted in reduced immobility time in the forced swim test, suggesting a possible alteration in stress coping behavior. Furthermore, increased nociceptive sensitivity was observed in the hot plate test under both the objects and isolation conditions.
Conclusion: Although the envy-like stress paradigm did not affect many behavioral indices, it did cause condition-dependent and limited behavioral changes. This suggests that the paradigm may serve as a novel model for capturing psychological and context-dependent social stress, which differs from conventional physical stress models. Elucidating the neural basis of this paradigm is expected to contribute to the understanding of how social comparison affects mental health in modern society. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UenoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitanoEriko en-aut-sei=Kitano en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYu en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriSachiko en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiShinji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WaniKenta en-aut-sei=Wani en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoYosuke en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoMotoi en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Motoi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= en-keyword=envy-like stress kn-keyword=envy-like stress en-keyword=social comparison kn-keyword=social comparison en-keyword=psychosocial stress kn-keyword=psychosocial stress en-keyword=mouse model kn-keyword=mouse model en-keyword=anxiety-like behavior kn-keyword=anxiety-like behavior END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15771 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260402 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adolescent envy-like social comparison stress induces HPA axis hypoactivity and anxiety in female mice: implications for somatic symptom disorder en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Adolescence is a critical developmental window marked by heightened neuroplasticity and maturation of the stress response system, conferring vulnerability to psychosocial stress. Chronic stress during this period increases the risk of anxiety and depressive disorders and may contribute to somatic symptom disorder (SSD), which is characterized by medically unexplained physical complaints and shows a striking female predominance. The impact of envy-like stress arising from social comparison, a pervasive psychosocial factor in modern society, remains poorly understood. Male and female C57BL/6N mice were exposed to chronic envy-like stress from postnatal day (P)21 to P52 by housing them adjacent to enriched cages, while control mice were housed without such exposure. From P52 onward, mice underwent behavioral testing of anxiety-like behavior, exploratory activity, social interaction, spatial working memory, motor coordination, nociception, and depression-like behavior. Serum corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations were measured to assess hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis function. Envy-like stress induced sex-specific phenotypes. Male mice exhibited hyperactivity, reduced social interaction, and impaired spatial working memory. In contrast, female mice displayed robust increases in anxiety-like behavior, impaired motor coordination, and significant reductions in basal corticosterone and ACTH levels. Chronic envy-like stress during adolescence elicits distinct, sex-dependent behavioral and endocrine alterations. The phenotype observed in female mice—characterized by heightened anxiety and lower basal HPA axis hormone levels—shares some biological features with clinical observations in SSD. This model may serve as a starting point for elucidating the mechanisms linking psychosocial stress and somatic symptoms in a sex-dependent manner. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UenoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitanoEriko en-aut-sei=Kitano en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYu en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriSachiko en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiShinji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WaniKenta en-aut-sei=Wani en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoYosuke en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoMotoi en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Motoi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= en-keyword=Envy-like stress kn-keyword=Envy-like stress en-keyword=Social comparison kn-keyword=Social comparison en-keyword=Adolescence kn-keyword=Adolescence en-keyword=HPA axis kn-keyword=HPA axis en-keyword=Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) kn-keyword=Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) en-keyword=Sex differences kn-keyword=Sex differences en-keyword=Psychosocial stress kn-keyword=Psychosocial stress END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=44248 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251219 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Post-weaning maternal presence exerts a protective effect against social isolation-induced behavioural alterations in mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Parental “watchful presence” is considered an important factor influencing behavioural and emotional development in offspring across mammalian species, including humans. However, the effects of such parental presence remain insufficiently understood, even in human studies. In laboratory mice, offspring are typically weaned at approximately three weeks of age, leaving the impact of post-weaning maternal presence on behavioural development largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal presence in an adjacent cage after weaning can attenuate behavioural effects of social isolation stress in mice. Furthermore, we sought to assess whether this experimental paradigm could serve as a novel animal model for studying the effects of parental watchful presence, with potential relevance to human parent–child relationship research. Mouse pups were weaned at postnatal day 21 and housed either adjacent to their mother (maternal presence group) or without maternal presence (control group). The pups were subsequently housed either in groups with littermates or individually until eight weeks of age. After maturation, behavioural tests were conducted to assess locomotor activity, anxiety-like behaviour, social behaviour, and depression-like behaviour. In group-housed mice, maternal presence did not influence behavioural outcomes. However, in individually housed mice, maternal presence partially attenuated social isolation-induced behavioural alterations, suggesting a subtle protective effect, including hyperlocomotion, reduced anxiety-like behaviour, and abnormal social interactions. Our findings demonstrate that maternal presence during the post-weaning period can offer a protective effect against certain behavioural abnormalities induced by social isolation stress in mice.　This simple adjacent-cage paradigm provides a novel and practical model for elucidating the impact of parental watchful presence on behavioural and emotional development, offering insights relevant to the understanding of parent–child relationships in humans. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UenoHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitanoEriko en-aut-sei=Kitano en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYu en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriSachiko en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiShinji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=WaniKenta en-aut-sei=Wani en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoYosuke en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoMotoi en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Motoi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= en-keyword=Maternal presence kn-keyword=Maternal presence en-keyword=Social isolation kn-keyword=Social isolation en-keyword=Post-weaning period kn-keyword=Post-weaning period en-keyword=Resilience kn-keyword=Resilience en-keyword=Mice kn-keyword=Mice END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=1063 end-page=1074 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260421 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Barriers and facilitators for online genetic care for hereditary cancer in Japan: findings from surveys of both clients and medical professionals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Online genetic care can offer a promising solution to the shortage of qualified medical professionals in genetic medicine, which leads to regional disparities in access. However, despite global adoption, its use in Japan remains limited.
Methods Two questionnaire surveys were conducted to investigate potential needs and barriers regarding online genetic care: one involving 858 medical professionals (738 physicians and 120 genetic counselors or nurses), and the other involving 443 clients who received in-person genetic counseling.
Results Only 14.0% of the medical professionals had experience with online genetic care, although 85.9% of the professionals engaged in cancer genetics were willing to consider providing it in the future. Notably, a discrepancy was found regarding hospital selection: clients prioritized access to specialized medical care, whereas professionals assumed clients valued accessibility for family members. Professionals expressed greater concerns about adequacy of online communication, client environments and internet security. Among clients, 89.1% estimated they would sufficiently understand and accept total content of counseling session if were conducted online. Older age and infrequent internet use were associated with lower acceptance and higher anxiety regarding online methods. Concerns about ability to use the necessary technology affected clients’ willingness to encourage online care for their relatives.
Conclusion Online genetic care shows high potential for client acceptance and can effectively address regional disparities in Japan. To bridge the gap between client needs and professional perceptions and to overcome the digital divide, it is necessary to develop secure, accessible systems and provide education for both patients and healthcare providers. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UenoSayaka en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UrakawaYusaku en-aut-sei=Urakawa en-aut-mei=Yusaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoFumino en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Fumino kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UekiArisa en-aut-sei=Ueki en-aut-mei=Arisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanekoKeika en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Keika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKoji en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugawaraHiromi en-aut-sei=Sugawara en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiSayoko en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Sayoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaReiko en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Reiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakutaMiho en-aut-sei=Kakuta en-aut-mei=Miho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiKiwamu en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Kiwamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraKazuo en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirasawaAkira en-aut-sei=Hirasawa en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Clinical Genetic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Clinical Genetic Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Clinical Genetics, Hyogo Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Clinical Genetics, Hyogo Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Saitama Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Center for Genomic Diagnosis, International University of Health and Welfare (IUHW) Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Center for Genomic Diagnosis, International University of Health and Welfare (IUHW) Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Genomic Diagnosis, International University of Health and Welfare (IUHW) Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Clinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Hereditary cancer kn-keyword=Hereditary cancer en-keyword=Remote medical care kn-keyword=Remote medical care en-keyword=Barriers to online genetic care kn-keyword=Barriers to online genetic care en-keyword=Facilitators for online genetic care kn-keyword=Facilitators for online genetic care END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=25 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260319 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Machine learning prediction of the Madden–Julian oscillation using reservoir computing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The prediction of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), a massive tropical weather event with global socio-economic impacts, has been infamously difficult with physics-based weather prediction models. We employ the reservoir computing, a brain-inspired machine-learning technique, to construct a machine learning model that forecasts the real-time multivariate MJO index (RMM), a macroscopic variable that represents the state of the MJO. The training data was refined by development of a novel real-time band-pass filter that extracts the recurrency of MJO signals only from the past raw atmospheric data, and by selection of a suitable time-delay coordinate of the RMM that enhances the recurrency of the input data. The constructed model demonstrated the skill to forecast the time sequence of the RMM for a month from pre-developmental stages of the MJO. Examination of best-performing cases suggested that RMM sequences may be predicted for over two months in some cases. These results imply that inherent predictability limit of the MJO is longer than that has been estimated from physics-based weather prediction models. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuematsuTamaki en-aut-sei=Suematsu en-aut-mei=Tamaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaiKengo en-aut-sei=Nakai en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonedaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Yoneda en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakasukaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Takasuka en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=JinnoTakuya en-aut-sei=Jinno en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaikiYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Saiki en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraHiroaki en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=RIKEN Center for Computational Science kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Economics, Hitotsubashi University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Geophysics, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Business Administration, Hitotsubashi University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= en-keyword=Reservoir computing kn-keyword=Reservoir computing en-keyword=Machine learning kn-keyword=Machine learning en-keyword=Madden–Julian Oscillation kn-keyword=Madden–Julian Oscillation en-keyword=Sub-seasonal forecast kn-keyword=Sub-seasonal forecast END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=23 article-no= start-page=2473 end-page=2478 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of a BC6 polymer via cyclotrimerization of alkynylborane and its application as a heterogeneous Lewis acid catalyst en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Lewis acidic boron-containing π-conjugated polymer materials have been demonstrated to be promising for sensing and catalysis; however, the synthetic approaches and the number of installed boron atoms have been limited. Herein, we report the synthesis of a BC6 polymer structure via cyclotrimerization of alkynes. The resulting polymer exhibited superior catalytic activity to small-molecule analogues such as BPh3 and previously reported boron-containing polymers. This enhanced performance is attributed to the high boron content and increased Lewis acidity of BC6, as supported by theoretical and experimental analyses. Owing to its polymeric nature, the catalyst was readily recovered and reused in the catalytic system. These findings demonstrate that building rigid polymer frameworks with a high density of Lewis acidic boron sites is a promising approach to developing recyclable heterogeneous Lewis acid catalysts, and offers a broadly applicable design principle for functional boron-containing polymeric materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiNaoki en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhkuraKentaro en-aut-sei=Ohkura en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaYuta en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260613 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A novel robot for CT-guided bone needle insertion with a rotational drilling and force-feedback speed control mechanism: preliminary evaluation in swine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of computed tomography (CT)-guided needle insertion into swine bones by using a novel robotic system capable of rotational drilling.
Materials and methods This was an animal experiment using three swine. A remote-controlled robot equipped with a rotational drilling and force-feedback insertion speed control mechanism was developed for bone needle insertion. Using the robot, CT-guided insertion of a 10-gauge bone access needle was attempted in the lumbar vertebrae, ilia, and femora six times each. Needle insertion accuracy was evaluated using the angle error, which is defined as the difference between the predetermined and post-insertion needle angles on axial and sagittal CT images. The time required for needle insertion was measured. The angle error and time required for needle insertion were compared among the bones using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Adverse events were also evaluated.
Results Robotic bone needle insertion was successful in all attempts. The median axial and sagittal angle errors were 0.21 and 0.21° for the lumbar vertebrae, 0.32 and 0.13° for the ilia, and 0.65 and 0.25° for the femora, respectively. Axial angle errors were significantly different among the bone types (p = 0.038). The time required for needle insertion was 23.6, 21.3, and 59.7 s for the lumbar vertebrae, ilia, and femora, respectively. Time was significantly different among bone types (p = 0.017). No adverse events were observed.
Conclusion CT-guided bone needle insertion using a robot equipped with a rotational drilling and force-feedback insertion speed control mechanism was feasible and accurate in swine. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuiYusuke en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraYuta en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiTakanori en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuuraRyutaro en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Ryutaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomitaKoji en-aut-sei=Tomita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmakoshiNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Umakoshi en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoSoichiro en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunetomoKazuaki en-aut-sei=Munetomo en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigakiFumiyo en-aut-sei=Higaki en-aut-mei=Fumiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuraiJun en-aut-sei=Sakurai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakazawaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Nakazawa en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumiyaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Matsumiya en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsunoTakayuki en-aut-sei=Matsuno en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamegawaTetsushi en-aut-sei=Kamegawa en-aut-mei=Tetsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Collaborative Research Center for OMIC, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Life Science, Okayama University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Robot kn-keyword=Robot en-keyword=Needle kn-keyword=Needle en-keyword=Bone kn-keyword=Bone en-keyword=CT-guided kn-keyword=CT-guided en-keyword=Intervention kn-keyword=Intervention END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=2645 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260313 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Minimal Association Between Immunoglobulin A Coating and Gut Microbiota Alterations Induced by High-Fat Diets with Distinct Fatty Acid Compositions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=High-fat diets (HFDs) containing dietary fats with different fatty acid (FA) compositions alter gut microbiota composition in a fat-source-dependent manner. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and unabsorbed lipids in the distal gut are potential regulators of the gut microbiota. However, their roles in mediating gut microbiota alterations induced by dietary fats with different FA compositions remain unclear. This study aims to examine the associations of these two factors with fat-source-dependent gut microbiota alterations. BALB/c mice were fed a normal diet, a high-lard diet, a high-olive oil diet, or a high-soybean oil diet for 27 weeks. Fecal samples were collected to assess microbiota composition, the IgA coating index (ICI)—which quantifies the extent of IgA coating on gut microbiota—and fecal fatty acid concentrations. At the phylum level, the concentration of fecal total long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) was positively correlated with the relative abundance (RA) of Bacillota and negatively correlated with that of Bacteroidota. In addition, a trend toward a positive association between the RA and the ICI was observed for Bacillota but not for Bacteroidota. At the genus level, the RAs of 12 taxa were positively correlated with fecal LCFA concentrations, whereas those of 6 taxa were negatively correlated. Although the RAs of most taxa appeared to be influenced by unabsorbed lipids and additional factors, only four Bacillota genera exhibited a positive correlation between the RA and the ICI. Our observations suggest that IgA coating of the gut microbiota may have a minimal association with fat-source-specific alterations in gut microbiota composition during HFD intake. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TeraokaMao en-aut-sei=Teraoka en-aut-mei=Mao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinoNaoki en-aut-sei=Nishino en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangTianyang en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Tianyang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenKuiyi en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Kuiyi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=immunoglobulin A kn-keyword=immunoglobulin A en-keyword=high-fat diet kn-keyword=high-fat diet en-keyword=gut microbiota kn-keyword=gut microbiota en-keyword=fatty acid composition kn-keyword=fatty acid composition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1527 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260509 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Activation of TAS2R Signaling by Diphenidol Suppresses Tumor Growth and Remodels the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a clinically challenging malignancy characterized by aggressive behavior and limited therapeutic options. Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), expressed across multiple tissues and cancer types, have recently emerged as regulators of tumor biology and immune responses; however, their functional significance in OSCC remains poorly understood. Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using surgically resected human tongue OSCC specimens and a tissue microarray (TMA) cohort. In parallel, four TAS2R agonists were evaluated in SCC7 cells to assess intracellular calcium responses. RNA sequencing was conducted to analyze transcriptional changes following diphenidol treatment, and functional assays, including proliferation, migration, and apoptosis analyses, were performed in vitro. Antitumor effects were further evaluated in a syngeneic SCC7 mouse model, followed by TUNEL staining and flow cytometry to assess apoptosis and immune cell infiltration. Results: TAS2R38 expression was markedly upregulated in dysplastic and invasive OSCC lesions with predominant nuclear localization and was associated with histological grade and clinical stage, indicating an early and sustained alteration during tumor progression. Among the agonists tested, diphenidol most strongly induced IP3-dependent intracellular Ca2+ elevation. RNA sequencing revealed upregulation of Il1rl1 and Lzts2. Functionally, diphenidol significantly suppressed SCC7 cell proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis in vitro. In vivo, diphenidol reduced tumor volume and weight and increased apoptotic activity. Flow cytometry demonstrated a marked reduction in tumor-infiltrating CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, indicating modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment. Conclusions: TAS2R activation by diphenidol suppresses tumor growth through both tumor-intrinsic mechanisms and modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment in OSCC. These findings define TAS2R-mediated calcium signaling as a novel axis linking tumor progression and immunoregulation. Given that diphenidol is a clinically approved drug with an established safety profile, our results provide a strong rationale for TAS2R-targeted drug repurposing strategies in cancer therapy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NasrunNisrina Ekayani en-aut-sei=Nasrun en-aut-mei=Nisrina Ekayani kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimuraAkihiko en-aut-sei=Tanimura en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaKoki en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UeharaOsamu en-aut-sei=Uehara en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunisadaYuki en-aut-sei=Kunisada en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakabatakeKiyofumi en-aut-sei=Takabatake en-aut-mei=Kiyofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosoyaAkihiro en-aut-sei=Hosoya en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakebeHiroaki en-aut-sei=Takebe en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagatsukaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Nagatsuka en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbikoYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Abiko en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=RuslinMuhammad en-aut-sei=Ruslin en-aut-mei=Muhammad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimoTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Shimo en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Pharmacology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Disease Control and Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Craniofacial Development and Tissue Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Histology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido kn-affil= en-keyword=bitter taste receptor kn-keyword=bitter taste receptor en-keyword=diphenidol kn-keyword=diphenidol en-keyword=immunometabolism kn-keyword=immunometabolism en-keyword=oral squamous cellcarcinoma kn-keyword=oral squamous cellcarcinoma en-keyword=TAS2R signaling kn-keyword=TAS2R signaling en-keyword=tumor immune microenvironment kn-keyword=tumor immune microenvironment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=54 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=1319 end-page=1328 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260326 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Institutional Variability in Brain-Dead Organ Donation Processes and Practices: A Multicenter Cohort Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OBJECTIVES: To determine whether key institutional and clinical differences exist between highly and moderately active hospitals in Japan with respect to brain-dead organ donation practices.
DESIGN: Retrospective multicenter cohort study.
SETTING: Sixteen tertiary emergency and critical care centers across Japan.
PATIENTS: All brain-dead organ donors from participating institutions who had at least one organ procured and transplanted between July 17, 2010, and December 31, 2023. Hospitals were categorized as highly active (≥ 14 donations) or moderately active (≤ 13 donations) during the study period.
INTERVENTIONS: None.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Institutional donation practices were compared, including donor management strategies, use of vasopressors and corticosteroids, time intervals in the donation process, and frequency of multidisciplinary team meetings. A total of 204 donors were included; the median age was 47 years (interquartile range, 37–56), and 92 (45.1%) were female. Donor characteristics were similar between groups. Vasopressin was used in nearly all donors, though dosing protocols varied. Corticosteroid use was significantly higher in highly active hospitals compared with moderately active ones (58.3% vs. 38.0%; p = 0.004). Time from admission to coordinator notification was similar; however, time to family consent (median, 8 vs. 5 d; p < 0.001) and time to organ procurement (median, 12 vs. 9 d; p = 0.006) were longer in highly active hospitals. These hospitals also conducted more multidisciplinary meetings during donor management (median, 2 vs. 0; p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Highly active hospitals demonstrated more intensive donor management practices, longer timeframes for key donation steps, and greater multidisciplinary engagement. Standardization of donation practices may enhance efficiency and support broader dissemination of effective institutional strategies to improve brain-dead organ donation rates in Japan. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaMineji en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Mineji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoboriShoji en-aut-sei=Yokobori en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaKei en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsumiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Atsumi en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TasakiOsamu en-aut-sei=Tasaki en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurukiriJunya en-aut-sei=Tsurukiri en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayamizuMariko en-aut-sei=Hayamizu en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurahashiShimon en-aut-sei=Murahashi en-aut-mei=Shimon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiMunehiro en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Munehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraTakeshi en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoYukari en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Yukari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=NarumiyaHiromichi en-aut-sei=Narumiya en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizutaniAtsushi en-aut-sei=Mizutani en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyajimaMamoru en-aut-sei=Miyajima en-aut-mei=Mamoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimazakiJunya en-aut-sei=Shimazaki en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraTakeshi en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimaNozomu en-aut-sei=Shima en-aut-mei=Nozomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=DeuchiKazuki en-aut-sei=Deuchi en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayasuHitomi en-aut-sei=Nakayasu en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoHitoshi en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=Japan Comprehensive Process for End-of-Life Care and Organ Donation after Brain Death (J-RESPECT) study group en-aut-sei=Japan Comprehensive Process for End-of-Life Care and Organ Donation after Brain Death (J-RESPECT) study group en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Acute and Critical Care Center, Nagasaki University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Acute and Critical Care Center, Nagasaki University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hyogo Emergency Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Hamamatsu Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Center, Nagaoka Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Wakayama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=brain death kn-keyword=brain death en-keyword=critical illness kn-keyword=critical illness en-keyword=decision-making kn-keyword=decision-making en-keyword=organ transplantation kn-keyword=organ transplantation en-keyword=patient care kn-keyword=patient care END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100194 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Extracellular matrix remodeling in calcific aortic valve disease: Localized enrichment of type III collagen and LTBP-4 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is characterized by progressive extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that promotes valve fibrosis and calcification. However, its molecular and structural basis remains unclear. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed ECM remodeling in human CAVD valves, focusing on collagen dynamics and key ECM-associated regulatory components. Histopathological analysis revealed fibrous layer thickening, collagen disorganization, and focal loss of the spongiosa in the CAVD group. Polarized picrosirius red staining demonstrated increased yellow-orange birefringence in the fibrotic and calcified regions, indicating altered collagen organization. Quantitative liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed region-specific shifts toward an increased type III collagen proportion in fibrotic and calcific regions despite the reduced total collagen content in calcified areas. Collagen with improper triple-helical structure primarily accumulated around the calcified nodules, suggesting abnormal collagen turnover. Transmission electron microscopy revealed thinner and more heterogeneous collagen fibrils in lesioned regions than that in pre-lesional region. In normal valves, immunohistochemistry suggested that the hyaluronan-versican-fibrillin complex contributes to local regulation of Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) activity via latent TGF-β binding proteins (LTBP); however, this regulatory structure was disrupted in CAVD. Notably, LTBP-4 showed strong, regionally restricted localization in the fibrotic and calcific regions and was positively correlated with collagen yellow-orange birefringence. Collectively, these findings indicate that CAVD is associated with a localized shift toward a structurally heterogeneous, type III collagen-enriched matrix, accompanied by collagen denaturation and abnormal accumulation of LTBP-4, highlighting ECM dysregulation as a key feature of disease progression. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KemmochiReiko en-aut-sei=Kemmochi en-aut-mei=Reiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiHaruko en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Haruko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TagaYuki en-aut-sei=Taga en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiNaoki en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakafumi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkemuraKentaro en-aut-sei=Ikemura en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiTakako en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Takako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizunoKazunori en-aut-sei=Mizuno en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirohataSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hirohata en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoMitsuaki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Mitsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OohashiToshitaka en-aut-sei=Oohashi en-aut-mei=Toshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Calcific aortic valve disease kn-keyword=Calcific aortic valve disease en-keyword=Extracellular matrix kn-keyword=Extracellular matrix en-keyword=Type III collagen kn-keyword=Type III collagen en-keyword=TGF-β1 kn-keyword=TGF-β1 en-keyword=Latent TGF-β binding protein-4 kn-keyword=Latent TGF-β binding protein-4 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=114910 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optical spectroscopic evaluation on the acquisition of optimal sonication temperature for efficient liquid phase exfoliation of molybdenum disulfide en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This work investigates how the sonication temperature affects the liquid phase exfoliation of MoS₂ using optical and morphological approach in attempt to acquire an optimal temperature for such process at ambient room conditions. In an ultrasonic bath, exfoliation was carried out at six different temperatures. UV-Vis, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and SEM characterizations reveal that moderate room temperature range yield excellent results producing well-dispersed flakes with strong excitonic properties with mild oxidation. Higher temperatures cause substantial oxidation, deterioration and restacking while lower temperatures led to insufficient exfoliation and fragmented morphologies because of insufficient cavitation energy. The findings highlight the importance of temperature control in producing high quality nanosheets for scalable applications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbdullahFatimah Az-Zahra Saravanan binti en-aut-sei=Abdullah en-aut-mei=Fatimah Az-Zahra Saravanan binti kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LeeWengnam en-aut-sei=Lee en-aut-mei=Wengnam kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ÖhbergPatrik en-aut-sei=Öhberg en-aut-mei=Patrik kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=GohBoontong en-aut-sei=Goh en-aut-mei=Boontong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChongWuyi en-aut-sei=Chong en-aut-mei=Wuyi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AhmadHarith en-aut-sei=Ahmad en-aut-mei=Harith kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiYasuhiko en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Yasuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishikawaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Nishikawa en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YapYuenkiat en-aut-sei=Yap en-aut-mei=Yuenkiat kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Foundation Center, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Low Dimensional Materials Research Center, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Photonics Research Center, University of Malaya kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Photonics Research Center, University of Malaya kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Foundation Center, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia kn-affil= en-keyword=MoS2 kn-keyword=MoS2 en-keyword=Liquid phase exfoliation kn-keyword=Liquid phase exfoliation en-keyword=Cavitation kn-keyword=Cavitation en-keyword=Oxidation kn-keyword=Oxidation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=99 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=uoag070 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260529 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of boranils by iodide-mediated demethylative borylation and their properties en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Boranils, difluoroboron complexes with imine and phenoxy moieties, were synthesized by iodide-promoted demethylative borylation. The use of appropriate amounts of BF3•OEt2, Bu4NI, and Et3N enabled the highly efficient synthesis of boranils. Boranils containing heteroaromatics and highly π-extended boranils were also readily obtained by this method. Their physical properties were studied, and the properties were consistent with those calculated by DFT calculations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MitsudoKoichi en-aut-sei=Mitsudo en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MagataRyo en-aut-sei=Magata en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoEisuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Eisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraTomoya en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakamiyaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Wakamiya en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaSeiji en-aut-sei=Suga en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=boranil kn-keyword=boranil en-keyword=boron kn-keyword=boron en-keyword=demethylative borylation kn-keyword=demethylative borylation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=117 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=896 end-page=903 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260127 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Roles of TIF1β in Leukemic Stem Cell Through SETDB1-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=TIF1β/TRIM28/KAP1 has been recognized as a scaffold protein that partners with KRAB-ZFPs and heterochromatin complexes to enforce gene silencing. In embryonic and pluripotent stem cells, it maintains self-renewal by silencing endogenous retroelements through the establishment of heterochromatin. While these canonical functions have been extensively examined in embryonic stem (ES) cells, accumulating evidence also highlights its diverse contributions to cancer biology. We herein focused on the oncogenic role of TIF1β in leukemic progression, contrasting this with its physiological roles in hematopoietic stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and immune regulation, thereby providing a comparative perspective on H3K9 methyltransferase SETDB1-dependent and -independent mechanisms. TIF1β-mediated epigenetic plasticity was recently shown to establish a leukemic chromatin environment for promoting oncogenic transcriptional programs while repressing lineage-differentiation regulators, which drives leukemic progression in a context-dependent manner. This review summarizes the dual role of TIF1β as a chromatin modulator, functioning both as a canonical transcriptional co-repressor and as a context-dependent co-activator, and also discusses how these modalities cooperate to sustain leukemic stem cell programs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoriiMariko en-aut-sei=Morii en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaSho en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SashidaGoro en-aut-sei=Sashida en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University kn-affil= en-keyword=BCR::ABL1 kn-keyword=BCR::ABL1 en-keyword=hematopoiesis kn-keyword=hematopoiesis en-keyword=heterochromatin kn-keyword=heterochromatin en-keyword=leukemia kn-keyword=leukemia en-keyword=transcription kn-keyword=transcription END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=643 end-page=650 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Post Hoc Analysis of Frailty and Tracheostomy Risk in Older Patients Intubated and in an Intensive Care Unit in Japan: An Inverse Association in Older Patients with Advanced Age en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: This post hoc analysis of a prospectively collected intensive care unit (ICU) cohort examined the association between frailty and the likelihood of tracheostomy in older Japanese patients (aged ≥65 years). Frailty, a condition of increased vulnerability to stressors, is common among older patients in the ICU and may influence clinical decision-making and outcomes. We aimed to explore whether baseline frailty is associated with the likelihood of receiving tracheostomy in older patients in the ICUs.
Methods: We analyzed data from a multicenter prospective study conducted from November 2019 to April 2020 at 17 hospitals in Japan. Patients aged ≥65 years, admitted directly from the emergency department, and requiring mechanical ventilation, were included. After excluding early deaths (≤5 days) or treatment-limit cases, 363 patients with intubation remained. Frailty was assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), with primary cutoff CFS ≥4. The primary outcome was the occurrence of tracheostomy during ICU stay. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using generalized linear models with a Poisson distribution, adjusted for age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score.
Results: Among 363 patients, patients with frailty (CFS ≥4) had a significantly lower adjusted risk of having tracheostomy than did those with less frailty (CFS <4) (adjusted RR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.27-0.61). In patients aged ≥75 years, the adjusted RR for CFS ≥4 was 0.32 (95% CI: 0.20-0.50), indicating a pronounced reduction in tracheostomy use among patients with frailty.
Conclusions: Frailty (CFS ≥4) was independently associated with a lower likelihood of tracheostomy, particularly in patients aged ≥75 years. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UmedaTakehide en-aut-sei=Umeda en-aut-mei=Takehide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HongoTakashi en-aut-sei=Hongo en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaMototaka en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Mototaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AriyasuYoshinori en-aut-sei=Ariyasu en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=frailty kn-keyword=frailty en-keyword=respiration kn-keyword=respiration en-keyword=tracheostomy kn-keyword=tracheostomy en-keyword=critical care outcomes kn-keyword=critical care outcomes en-keyword=aged kn-keyword=aged END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=e70314 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Survey to Document the Adverse Reactions After Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Japanese Female Youth at a University en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aim: Concerns about possible adverse events remain a critical barrier in implementing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among Japanese youth. This study aimed to understand the time course of adverse events experienced by HPV vaccine recipients.
Methods: An online questionnaire survey was given to students, faculty, and staff aged 18–26 years, at Okayama University Hospital, who received the HPV vaccine. The survey gathered information on the number of HPV vaccine doses received, prevaccination health conditions, adverse reactions within 2 h and between 2 h and 7 days postvaccination, menstrual irregularities after vaccination, reasons for getting vaccinated, feelings before and after vaccination, and factors providing reassurance during vaccination. Prevalence of symptoms was expressed as numbers and percentages, and analyses were performed using Chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests.
Results: Responses were obtained from 299 participants, yielding a 75% response rate. Approximately 60% participants reported local pain, 30% swelling, and 4% fever. Most symptoms resolved on the vaccination day itself or the following day, although some persisted for 3–7 days. Over 80% participants rated their pain between 0 and 3 on numerical rating scale of 0–10. While 60% experienced anxiety before vaccination, 90% reported no anxiety afterward.
Conclusions: Our study presents one of the first comprehensive accounts of post-HPV vaccination adverse events and their time course, and underpins the importance of disseminating detailed information about vaccine-associated adverse reactions to encourage greater vaccine uptake. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiguchiChigusa en-aut-sei=Higuchi en-aut-mei=Chigusa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaChikako en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasakiYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi en-aut-sei=Masuyama en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Educational and Research Management Field, Health Management Department, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=1Educational and Research Management Field, Health Management Department, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=anxiety kn-keyword=anxiety en-keyword=human papillomavirus vaccine kn-keyword=human papillomavirus vaccine en-keyword=Japanese youth kn-keyword=Japanese youth en-keyword=questionnaire kn-keyword=questionnaire en-keyword=survey kn-keyword=survey END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=368 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=e70571 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of Aromatic Aldehydes by C─H Formylation of Aromatics with Silyl Formates Prepared from CO2 and Hydrosilanes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Despite the recent remarkable progress in CO2 fixation reactions, the methods for the synthesis of aldehydes from CO2 are quite limited partly because of the lability of the resulting formyl group and difficulty in the controlled deoxygenative CO2 conversions leading to C─H and C─C bond formation. Here, we have developed the direct C─H formylation of electron-rich aromatics using silyl formates, prepared from CO2 and hydrosilanes, in the presence of BCl3 or BBr3. This is the first report on the direct C─H formylation of aromatics with silyl formates. Useful compounds including a biologically active compound and octaethylporphyrin were synthesized by fixing one to four CO2 molecules in a stepwise manner. DFT calculations have been done to elucidate the reaction mechanism including a dual role of BBr3 in the activation of silyl formate, HCO2SiMe2Ph, and electrophilic aromatic substitution. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NittaNatsumi en-aut-sei=Nitta en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirokawaKei en-aut-sei=Hirokawa en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaibaraSo en-aut-sei=Saibara en-aut-mei=So kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NathBikash Dev en-aut-sei=Nath en-aut-mei=Bikash Dev kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaishiKazuto en-aut-sei=Takaishi en-aut-mei=Kazuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EmaTadashi en-aut-sei=Ema en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=aldehydes kn-keyword=aldehydes en-keyword=carbon dioxide fixation kn-keyword=carbon dioxide fixation en-keyword=CO2 reduction kn-keyword=CO2 reduction en-keyword=formylation kn-keyword=formylation en-keyword=hydrosilylation kn-keyword=hydrosilylation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e105091 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260312 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Septic Arthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint Complicated by Dislocation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Septic arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (SATMJ) is a rare but potentially serious condition, and standardized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have not been established. We present the case of a 70-year-old man who developed acute right temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, swelling, mandibular deviation, and inability to achieve mouth closure. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed right TMJ dislocation, joint effusion, degenerative changes, and anterior disc displacement with effusion. Aspiration of the joint yielded neutrophil-predominant purulent fluid, although bacterial cultures were negative. The patient was treated empirically with intravenous ceftriaxone followed by oral clindamycin and amoxicillin, resulting in rapid symptom resolution, and the dislocation spontaneously reduced without surgical intervention. No recurrence was observed during three months of follow-up. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with culture-negative SATMJ, supports the role of early empirical antibiotic therapy, and suggests that chronic joint instability due to habitual dislocation may predispose the TMJ to infection. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanemotoHideka en-aut-sei=Kanemoto en-aut-mei=Hideka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObataKyoichi en-aut-sei=Obata en-aut-mei=Kyoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYohei en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmemoriKoki en-aut-sei=Umemori en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=antibiotics kn-keyword=antibiotics en-keyword=culture-negative infection kn-keyword=culture-negative infection en-keyword=joint dislocation kn-keyword=joint dislocation en-keyword=septic arthritis kn-keyword=septic arthritis en-keyword=temporomandibular joint kn-keyword=temporomandibular joint END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e70128 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effectiveness and Safety of Enteroscopy-Assisted ERP-Guided Versus EUS-Guided Pancreatic Duct Drainage for Pancreaticojejunostomy Strictures: A Multicenter Observational Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objectives: Enteroscopy-assisted endoscopic retrograde pancreatography-guided pancreatic duct drainage (eERP-PDD) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct drainage (EUS-PDD) are minimally invasive alternatives to surgery for pancreaticojejunostomy stricture (PJS); however, comparative data remain limited. We compared the effectiveness and safety of these approaches and identified factors associated with technical failure.
Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 88 patients (111 procedures) who underwent endoscopic intervention for PJS at 13 Japanese tertiary centers. We compared clinical outcomes between eERP-PDD and EUS-PDD. The primary outcome was technical success; secondary outcomes included clinical success, procedure time, and adverse events (AEs). Propensity-score overlap weighting was used to adjust for baseline differences.
Results: As initial treatment, 77 patients underwent eERP-PDD and 11 underwent EUS-PDD. After adjustment, EUS-PDD achieved higher technical success (eERP-PDD, 28% vs. EUS-PDD, 71%; p = 0.012) and clinical success (22% vs. 71%; p = 0.003), with shorter procedure time (76 min vs. 41 min; p = 0.001). AE incidence was higher with EUS-PDD before adjustment (5% vs. 27%; p = 0.039) but comparable after adjustment (7% vs. 29%; p = 0.15); all AEs resolved with conservative management. Age < 75 years, male sex, and main pancreatic duct (MPD) diameter ≥ 5 mm were independently associated with eERP-PDD failure.
Conclusions: EUS-PDD demonstrated higher technical and clinical success than eERP-PDD for PJS, with comparable safety after adjustment. An MPD diameter ≥ 5 mm was associated with eERP-PDD failure. An MPD-based algorithm is proposed: eERP-PDD for MPD < 5 mm with EUS-PDD as salvage, and EUS-PDD for MPD ≥ 5 mm. This algorithm is hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtaShogo en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiomiHideyuki en-aut-sei=Shiomi en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiYuki en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoMasataka en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimataniMasaaki en-aut-sei=Shimatani en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaNaoki en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamadaHideki en-aut-sei=Kamada en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=UenoSaori en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Saori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakenakaMamoru en-aut-sei=Takenaka en-aut-mei=Mamoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoKae en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Kae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiArata en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Arata kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShintaniShuhei en-aut-sei=Shintani en-aut-mei=Shuhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=InatomiOsamu en-aut-sei=Inatomi en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitagawaKoh en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Koh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoRyota en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoizumiMitsuhito en-aut-sei=Koizumi en-aut-mei=Mitsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraYoshiki en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Yoshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhnoAkihisa en-aut-sei=Ohno en-aut-mei=Akihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimoriNao en-aut-sei=Fujimori en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraTakaaki en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyagaharaTsukasa en-aut-sei=Miyagahara en-aut-mei=Tsukasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaMikio en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Mikio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitanoMasayuki en-aut-sei=Kitano en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, Hyogo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, Hyogo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Shiga University of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, Hyogo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Beppu Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University kn-affil= en-keyword=endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct drainage kn-keyword=endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct drainage en-keyword=enteroscopy-assisted endoscopic retrograde pancreatography-guided pancreatic duct drainage kn-keyword=enteroscopy-assisted endoscopic retrograde pancreatography-guided pancreatic duct drainage en-keyword=main pancreatic duct diameter kn-keyword=main pancreatic duct diameter en-keyword=pancreaticojejunostomy stricture kn-keyword=pancreaticojejunostomy stricture en-keyword=propensity score overlap weighting kn-keyword=propensity score overlap weighting END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=121 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260324 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Immunological effects of amivantamab in EGFR or MET-expressing non-small cell lung cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations represent one of the most frequent oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Amivantamab, a bispecific antibody targeting EGFR and MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET), has demonstrated clinical benefit in EGFR-mutant NSCLC through dual blockade, but its immunological role in human clinical specimens, especially tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), has not been directly evaluated.
Methods We analyzed surgically resected tumor samples from 40 patients with NSCLC to investigate immune responses and their associations with EGFR and MET expression. TILs were characterized by flow cytometry (FCM) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). To assess the immunomodulatory potential of amivantamab, fresh tumor digests containing live tumor cells and TILs were cultured ex vivo with CD3 and CD28 stimulation in the absence or presence of amivantamab, followed by FCM. EGFR and MET expression were also evaluated by IHC.
Results EGFR mutations and high EGFR protein expression were associated with a trend toward reduced CD8⁺ T-cell and dendritic cell (DC) infiltration. In ex vivo TIL assays, exposure to amivantamab significantly activated CD8⁺ T cells, such as programmed cell death-1 expression and cytokine production, and promoted DC maturation. These effects were most pronounced in tumors with high EGFR or MET protein expression rather than EGFR mutations.
Conclusions This study provides the first direct evidence from ex vivo fresh TIL assays using human NSCLC clinical specimens that amivantamab can activate immune responses. EGFR and MET expression may serve as potential biomarkers for amivantamab-induced immune responses. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshichikaRyo en-aut-sei=Yoshichika en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukoharaFumiaki en-aut-sei=Mukohara en-aut-mei=Fumiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKotaro en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagasakiJoji en-aut-sei=Nagasaki en-aut-mei=Joji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeHiroko en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaYouki en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Youki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzawaKen en-aut-sei=Suzawa en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshinoTakamasa en-aut-sei=Ishino en-aut-mei=Takamasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Non-small cell lung cancer kn-keyword=Non-small cell lung cancer en-keyword=Amivantamab kn-keyword=Amivantamab en-keyword=Antitumor immunity kn-keyword=Antitumor immunity en-keyword=EGFR kn-keyword=EGFR en-keyword=MET kn-keyword=MET END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=100926 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Potential Immune Microenvironment Biomarkers in SCLC: J-TAIL-2 Observational Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: Effective predictors of response to atezolizumab plus carboplatin/etoposide (CE) therapy in extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) remain limited. This exploratory analysis from J-TAIL-2 aimed to identify markers of survival benefit with atezolizumab plus CE therapy in ES-SCLC.
Methods: J-TAIL-2 (ClinicalTrials.gov ID, NCT04501497) was a multicenter observational study that enrolled patients receiving atezolizumab plus CE (ES-SCLC cohort) in clinical practice in Japan per local label and treatment guidelines. In this exploratory analysis, the association of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density and SCLC subtypes (SCLC-A [ASCL1 dominant], SCLC-N [NEUROD1 dominant], SCLC-P [ASCL1/NEUROD1 double-negative with POU2F3 expression], and SCLC-O [ASCL1/NEUROD1 double-negative not otherwise specified]) with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was evaluated. SCLC subtyping was performed by immunohistochemistry.
Results: SCLC samples (n = 100; data cutoff, February 3, 2023) were categorized as SCLC-A (73%), SCLC-N (16%), SCLC-P (8%), and SCLC-O (3%). Among 96 patients who received first-line atezolizumab plus CE, median age was 72 (range, 39–87) years and 81% were male. Furthermore, 56 patients were classified into the CD8+ TIL-high subgroup and 40 into the TIL-low subgroup. Median (m)PFS with atezolizumab plus CE was 6.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.5–7.5) in the TIL-high versus 4.4 months (95% CI: 4.0–5.1) in the TIL-low subgroup (p = 0.01); mOS was 18.4 (95% CI: 11.8–not estimable) versus 10.8 months (95% CI: 7.7–16.2; p = 0.04). mOS and mPFS were not significantly different between SCLC subtypes but were numerically shorter in the SCLC-N group.
Conclusions: CD8+ TIL density is a potential biomarker of clinical benefit in ES-SCLC and may facilitate patient selection for atezolizumab combination therapy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShirasawaMasayuki en-aut-sei=Shirasawa en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishioMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishio en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsoegawaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Osoegawa en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiEiki en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraHideharu en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoYasushi en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuJunichi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyauchiEisaku en-aut-sei=Miyauchi en-aut-mei=Eisaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaHiroshige en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoIchiro en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisumiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Misumi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YatabeYasushi en-aut-sei=Yatabe en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaTatsuya en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KashimaJumpei en-aut-sei=Kashima en-aut-mei=Jumpei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkiMasahide en-aut-sei=Oki en-aut-mei=Masahide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=AshimuraHisao en-aut-sei=Ashimura en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiYuki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMisa en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Misa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=GemmaAkihiko en-aut-sei=Gemma en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Thoracic and Breast Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Data Science, National Cancer Center Hospital East kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Nagoya Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Nippon Medical School kn-affil= en-keyword=Small cell kn-keyword=Small cell en-keyword=Lung cancer kn-keyword=Lung cancer en-keyword=Atezolizumab kn-keyword=Atezolizumab en-keyword=Chemotherapy kn-keyword=Chemotherapy en-keyword=Immune microenvironment kn-keyword=Immune microenvironment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=117 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1260 end-page=1272 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=TGF-β Inhibitor Potentiates Osimertinib-Induced Anti-Tumor Immunity in Egfr-Mutant Lung Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Immunotherapy for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains challenging. We previously found that EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors induced antitumor immunity but also triggered immunosuppressive cytokines, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), in Egfr-mutant lung cancer. Here, we investigate whether TGF-β inhibition potentiates osimertinib-induced antitumor immunity using a syngeneic mouse model of Egfr-mutated lung cancer, with cancer cells subcutaneously transplanted into wild-type C57BL/6J mice. We evaluated the antitumor effect of the combination therapy with osimertinib and either nintedanib (an indirect TGF-β inhibitor) or vactosertib (a specific TGF-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor). Changes in the tumor microenvironment during treatment were assessed using immunohistochemical staining, western blot analysis, and flow cytometry. We found that TGF-β expression was upregulated in the tumor treated with osimertinib. Nintedanib monotherapy showed no significant antitumor effect, whereas osimertinib combined with nintedanib significantly potentiates the antitumor effect compared with osimertinib monotherapy in vivo. Crucially, no additive effect of nintedanib on osimertinib monotherapy was observed in vitro. Combination therapy with osimertinib and nintedanib significantly increased effector T cells (CD8+CD44+CD62L−) and Granzyme B+ areas and decreased CD206+ cells, while significantly decreasing TGF-β and SMAD2/3 expression. Similar effects were observed with vactosertib but not with a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor. In conclusion, combination therapy with osimertinib and TGF-β inhibitors potentiates osimertinib-induced antitumor immunity. These findings highlight a novel therapeutic strategy for EGFR-mutated NSCLC and warrant further clinical investigation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuribayashiTadahiro en-aut-sei=Kuribayashi en-aut-mei=Tadahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraJun en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkawaSachi en-aut-sei=Okawa en-aut-mei=Sachi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaokaMasataka en-aut-sei=Taoka en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriShunta en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Shunta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakaaki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraTomoka en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaAyako en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraNaofumi en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Naofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Kiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoGo en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaiKammei en-aut-sei=Rai en-aut-mei=Kammei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki en-aut-sei=Ichihara en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Center for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=EGFR kn-keyword=EGFR en-keyword=lung cancer kn-keyword=lung cancer en-keyword=nintedanib kn-keyword=nintedanib en-keyword=osimertinib kn-keyword=osimertinib en-keyword=TGF-β kn-keyword=TGF-β END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1612 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260409 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Community health worker-supported oral health promotion in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review of roles, interventions, and outcomes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Oral diseases are among the most prevalent conditions worldwide and disproportionately affect populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The shortage and maldistribution of the oral health workforce have widened inequalities in prevention and treatment. Task-sharing through community health workers (CHWs) has been promoted as a cost-effective and sustainable strategy for extending services to underserved populations; however, evidence on their roles in oral health promotion in LMICs remains fragmented. This scoping review mapped evidence on CHW-supported oral health promotion and identified common roles, interventions, and system-level challenges.
Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar, using keywords and MeSH terms related to “community health workers,” “oral health,” and LMICs, based on the EPOC LMIC filter of the World Bank’s classifications. No publication date restrictions were applied, and gray literature was included. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews and was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Data were charted on CHW characteristics, roles, target populations, oral conditions addressed, and implementation challenges, and synthesized narratively. This protocol was registered on Open Science Forum (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NZPHA).
Results Thirty-two studies from 11 LMICs were included, approximately half from India. The evidence mapped a wide range of CHW roles and interventions, most commonly focusing on oral cancer screening, followed by dental caries prevention and periodontal care. CHWs were involved in home visits, education, screening, basic treatment, and referrals. Some programs integrate mobile health (mHealth) tools for remote diagnosis. System-level challenges were variably reported across settings, including inadequate infrastructure, fragmented referral systems, limited supervision, and constrained career development opportunities for CHWs.
Conclusions This scoping review highlights the contributions of CHWs to oral health promotion in LMICs, while underscoring health system and workforce constraints. The available evidence is largely descriptive, suggesting the need for strengthened training, supervision, referral linkages, and career development to support CHWs’ integration into oral health services. Family-centered and Continuum of Care approaches warrant further exploration to inform equitable and sustainable oral health within primary health care systems. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasuokaJunko en-aut-sei=Yasuoka en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYohei en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Global Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke’s International University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Community health worker kn-keyword=Community health worker en-keyword=Oral health kn-keyword=Oral health en-keyword=Low- and middle-income countries kn-keyword=Low- and middle-income countries END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=2134 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260615 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Toward Convergence in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: Best-Response Space Shrinking as a Sufficient Condition en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We study convergence in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) through the lens of sufficient conditions, using a single-point-of-failure analysis applied to multi-agent policy iteration integrated with linear programming (MAPI-LP), where results are proven for pure coordination games, and extension to broader settings is conjectured. We identify two sufficient conditions for convergence to Markov Perfect Equilibrium (MPE). The first is stability in best-response space that emerges from value monotonicity. The second, monotonic best-response space shrinking (MBRSS), is a novel condition requiring that each agent’s best-response space contracts monotonically across iterations until it collapses to a stable space. Furthermore, we show that MBRSS does not necessarily imply monotonic improvement in this setting. However, value monotonicity and stability in best-response space imply each other when a complementary condition is applied. Building on this hierarchical relationship, we propose conjectures on sufficient condition relationships in both serial and parallel MARL. In addition, we propose conjectures on generalized MBRSS to arbitrary finite repeated games and validation of stability in best-response space. We further discuss connections between MBRSS and existing related frameworks, and outline directions toward a taxonomy of sufficient conditions for MARL convergence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ManatphaiboonNatchanon en-aut-sei=Manatphaiboon en-aut-mei=Natchanon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MondenAkito en-aut-sei=Monden en-aut-mei=Akito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YücelZeynep en-aut-sei=Yücel en-aut-mei=Zeynep kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’Foscari University of Venice kn-affil= en-keyword=sufficient condition kn-keyword=sufficient condition en-keyword=convergence analysis kn-keyword=convergence analysis en-keyword=Markov perfect equilibrium kn-keyword=Markov perfect equilibrium en-keyword=multi-agent reinforcement learning kn-keyword=multi-agent reinforcement learning en-keyword=best-response dynamics kn-keyword=best-response dynamics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100972 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Highly sensitive detection of cancer cells using a voltage-tuned terahertz chemical microscope en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Terahertz chemical microscopy (TCM) is a promising label-free technique for detecting biochemical interactions by monitoring changes in terahertz (THz) wave emission from semiconductor sensing plates. However, quantitative biological detection has been hindered by large plate-to-plate variations originating from uncontrolled depletion-layer electric fields formed during fabrication. These variations shift the response curve of THz amplitude and reduce reproducibility and sensitivity. Here, we introduce a voltage-tuned sensing plate that allows direct control of the depletion-layer electric field by applying a bias voltage to the Si layer of the sensing plate. This enables deliberate adjustment of surface potential and alignment of the THz response curve to the region of highest gain. Using lung adenocarcinoma cells (PC9) captured via AE1/AE3 antibodies targeting specific cell-surface antigens, we demonstrate that voltage tuning enhances detection sensitivity by up to 50-fold and restores linearity between THz amplitude and the logarithm of cell concentration, even in plates with negligible response at 0 V. These findings establish voltage control as a simple, universally applicable strategy to stabilize TCM performance, reduce fabrication-induced variability, and improve analytical sensitivity for biosensing and materials-analysis applications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DingXue en-aut-sei=Ding en-aut-mei=Xue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmiYuto en-aut-sei=Ohmi en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangJin en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Jin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueHirofumi en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiwaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Kiwa en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Medical Support, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Terahertz chemical microscopy kn-keyword=Terahertz chemical microscopy en-keyword=Voltage tuning kn-keyword=Voltage tuning en-keyword=Cancer cells kn-keyword=Cancer cells en-keyword=Surface potential kn-keyword=Surface potential END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=229 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=jeb251318 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Insulin-like peptide has antagonistic pleiotropic effects on male combat traits and survival traits in an armed beetle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The expression of sexually selected traits, such as exaggerated weapons and ornaments, often entails trade-offs against life-history traits. While phenotypic trade-offs are well documented, the underlying molecular physiological mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the potential role of an insulin-like peptide, ILP2, in mediating the trade-off between sexually selected combat traits and survival traits in the broad-horned flour beetle, Gnatocerus cornutus. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown (KD) of ILP2 during larval stages resulted in a reduction in the development of mandibular horns and overall body size. Interestingly, ILP2 KD males had increased lipid storage and enhanced starvation tolerance, indicating a shift in resource allocation from sexually selected traits to survival traits. Behaviorally, ILP2 KD males showed decreased locomotor activity and reduced aggression, leading to lower combat success. These findings suggest that ILP2 functions as a key mediator in the allocation of resources between combat and survival traits, highlighting its pleiotropic effects on morphology, metabolism and behavior. Our study provides novel insights into the molecular physiological mechanisms underlying life-history trade-offs associated with sexually selected traits. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoTakumi en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimineChiho en-aut-sei=Yoshimine en-aut-mei=Chiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiokaHaruna en-aut-sei=Fujioka en-aut-mei=Haruna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsukiMasako en-aut-sei=Katsuki en-aut-mei=Masako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaKensuke en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaYasukazu en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Yasukazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e0339600 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260312 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Early administration of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors improves survival and cardiac remodeling in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major cardiovascular disease that accounts for 50% of all cases of heart failure. Patients with HFpEF have limited therapeutic options because of the complex pathogenesis of this disease. Decreased nitric oxide (NO) levels and increased renin–angiotensin system (RAS) activity may be associated with HFpEF pathogenesis. However, whether soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators and RAS inhibitors protect against HFpEF remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of RAS inhibitors captopril (Cap) and/or sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) and sGC stimulator vericiguat (Ver) on HFpEF progression. HFpEF was induced in 8-week-old male Wistar rats through intake of L-arginine methyl ester and a high-fat diet. Results showed that the survival rate after 8 weeks of treatment was 100% in the normal diet (Cont group), Cap, and Sac/Val groups, whereas it was approximately 20% in the HFpEF and Ver groups. No significant differences in the left ventricular systolic function were found. In addition, histochemistry revealed that myocardial hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis obviously increased in the HFpEF group but not in the Cap and Sac/Val groups compared with the Cont group. Furthermore, RNA sequencing analysis showed that the expression of genes related to inflammatory response, hypertrophy, and extracellular matrix–receptor interaction increased in the HFpEF group and decreased in the Cap and Sac/Val groups. In conclusion, early administration of Cap or Sac/Val may reduce the risk of developing HFpEF by inhibiting the RAS pathway rather than the NO-sGC-cGMP pathway. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonoYuka en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SonodaKunihiro en-aut-sei=Sonoda en-aut-mei=Kunihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtakeKazuo en-aut-sei=Ohtake en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaAkinobu en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Akinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoShusei en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Shusei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaHinako en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Hinako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuokaTaketo en-aut-sei=Fukuoka en-aut-mei=Taketo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiYuki en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TagoHaruka en-aut-sei=Tago en-aut-mei=Haruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeNobuhisa en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Nobuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoIkumi en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ikumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirohataSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hirohata en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamoriKazuya en-aut-sei=Kitamori en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeShogo en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1759690 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260309 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of a generative AI agent for family support in implementing family-based treatment for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: Family-based treatment (FBT) is a first-line psychotherapy for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, families must understand the principles of FBT, provide meal support, and manage their children's pathological behaviors. Difficulties occur outside clinic hours when it is impossible to consult professionals. This “support gap” increases caregivers’ psychological distress and threatens their treatment continuity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first domain-specific generative artificial intelligence (AI) agent designed to provide situation-specific, FBT-concordant advice and psychological support.
Methods: The system integrates three components: (1) an FBT-specific knowledge base constructed from treatment manuals, family guides, guideline-compliant resources, and a clinical Q&A corpus; (2) a multistage natural language processing pipeline using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), with intent and sentiment analyses; and (3) safety guardrails that prohibit unsolicited numerical goals or direct hospitalization recommendations and standardized escalation to clinicians. When strong negative emotions are detected, empowerment messages are dynamically incorporated to maintain caregivers’ confidence. Six clinicians with expertise with pediatric mental health authored queries that simulated common FBT-related concerns and evaluated each response for clinical appropriateness and safety, and classified problems as information insufficiency, not FBT concordant, or escalation insufficiency.
Results: Of the 477 queries, 57.0% were FBT-related, 24.5% were general AN, 16.5% were parental psychological distress, and 1.8% were related to other topics. The clinically appropriate response rate was 91.6% (437/477), including 92.3% for FBT-related questions, 88.0% for general knowledge, 93.7% for psychological distress, and 100.0% for other questions. Clinically inappropriate responses (8.4%) were mainly attributable to information insufficiency; not FBT concordant (1.8% of FBT-related responses) and escalation insufficiency (0.6% of all dialogs) rarely occurred.
Discussion: In this expert review, the safety-gated RAG system predominantly generated FBT-concordant responses that provided meal-level guidance and empathic empowerment-oriented support to families. By proceduralizing complex FBT concepts and presenting multiple response options for pathological behaviors, the system translates FBT principles into practical guidance supporting refeeding adherence, preserving family self-efficacy, and suggesting that domain-specific AI may help bridge structural limitations in FBT. Usability studies and randomized controlled trials are warranted to determine their impact on caregiver burden, self-efficacy, treatment adherence, and clinical outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HanzawaMana en-aut-sei=Hanzawa en-aut-mei=Mana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseiJoe en-aut-sei=Hasei en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaAyumi en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaChie en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Chie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigeyasuYoshie en-aut-sei=Shigeyasu en-aut-mei=Yoshie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiChikako en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriuchiMakiko en-aut-sei=Horiuchi en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaAkiko en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiKoichi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaharaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaHideki en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYasushi en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Support Technology Development, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Clinical Psychology Section, Department of Medical Support, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Life Natural Science and Technology, Graduate School of Environmental, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=NEC Corporation kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= en-keyword=anorexia nervosa kn-keyword=anorexia nervosa en-keyword=caregiver burden kn-keyword=caregiver burden en-keyword=family support kn-keyword=family support en-keyword=family-based treatment kn-keyword=family-based treatment en-keyword=generative AI agent kn-keyword=generative AI agent en-keyword=large language model kn-keyword=large language model en-keyword=retrieval-augmented generation kn-keyword=retrieval-augmented generation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Unraveling the structural features of Dion–Jacobson-type layered perovskite-related material HCa2Nb3O10·1.5H2O en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hydrated layered oxides are widely encountered, yet the presence of disordered interlayer water often complicates crystal structure determination from laboratory X-ray diffraction. Here, we report the crystal structure of the Dion–Jacobson-type layered perovskite-related material HCa2Nb3O10·1.5H2O, solved from synchrotron X-ray diffraction data by combining direct methods in reciprocal space, Le Bail whole-pattern fitting, and Rietveld refinement. The hydrate crystallizes in a tetragonal structure with space group P42212 (a = 7.7070(5) Å, c = 32.4870(3) Å). Incorporation of partially occupied interlayer water-oxygen sites on the (110) plane at z = 0 and 1/2 successfully reproduces the low-angle 00l reflections while preserving the Ca2Nb3O10 framework. The resulting crystallographic model explicitly resolves the arrangement of interlayer water molecules and provides a robust structural foundation for band-structure calculations as well as for the rational design of hydration-controlled intercalation, exfoliation, and composite materials based on layered perovskite-related materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhangZihao en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Zihao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoJun en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaShu en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Shu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimokawaHiromu en-aut-sei=Shimokawa en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsadaMinoru en-aut-sei=Osada en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS), Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Materials Chemistry and Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS), Nagoya University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=100082 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pharmaceutical agents targeting KATP channel modulate sweet taste sensitivity in mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sweet detection involves at least two mechanisms: a G-protein coupled sweet taste receptor (Tas1r2/Tas1r3) and glucose transporters. As in pancreatic β-cells, glucose transport may lead to closure of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels. Since expression of KATP channels in sweet taste cells has been reported, modulation of KATP channel activity would affect sweet taste sensitivity. Here, we examined the effect of glibenclamide (a KATP channel closer) and diazoxide (an opener) on mouse taste behavior. Glibenclamide selectively reduced taste sensitivity to glucose without affecting responses to sucrose or sucralose compared to insulin, suggesting selective impairment of the transporter-dependent pathway. In contrast, diazoxide broadly suppressed responses to all tested sweeteners, indicating a generalized effect on sweet detection. Neither drug altered responses to non-sweet taste. These findings suggest that pharmacological modulation of KATP channel differently influences sweet taste; closers reduce glucose sensitivity whereas openers attenuate response to multiple sweeteners. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SawaiChika en-aut-sei=Sawai en-aut-mei=Chika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangKuanyu en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Kuanyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieKengo en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitohYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Mitoh en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaHirotaka en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Sweet taste receptor kn-keyword=Sweet taste receptor en-keyword=Glucose transporter kn-keyword=Glucose transporter en-keyword=Diabetes kn-keyword=Diabetes en-keyword=Taste disorder kn-keyword=Taste disorder en-keyword=Cephalic phase insulin release kn-keyword=Cephalic phase insulin release END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=107 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=002255 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Rhabdoviridae 2026 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The family Rhabdoviridae comprises viruses with unsegmented, bi-segmented or tri-segmented negative-sense (−) RNA genomes of 10–16 kb. Virions are typically enveloped, with bullet-shaped or bacilliform morphology, but can also be non-enveloped filaments. Rhabdoviruses infect plants or animals, including vertebrates or invertebrates such as arthropods, which can serve as single hosts or act as biological vectors for transmission to animals or plants. Rhabdoviruses include important pathogens of humans, livestock, fish or agricultural crops. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Rhabdoviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/rhabdoviridae. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WalkerPeter J. en-aut-sei=Walker en-aut-mei=Peter J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BejermanNicolas en-aut-sei=Bejerman en-aut-mei=Nicolas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BlasdellKim R. en-aut-sei=Blasdell en-aut-mei=Kim R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=DebatHumberto en-aut-sei=Debat en-aut-mei=Humberto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=DietzgenRalf G. en-aut-sei=Dietzgen en-aut-mei=Ralf G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FooksAnthony R. en-aut-sei=Fooks en-aut-mei=Anthony R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Freitas-AstúaJuliana en-aut-sei=Freitas-Astúa en-aut-mei=Juliana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=GarverKyle en-aut-sei=Garver en-aut-mei=Kyle kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoHideki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ramos-GonzálezPedro Luis en-aut-sei=Ramos-González en-aut-mei=Pedro Luis kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiMang en-aut-sei=Shi en-aut-mei=Mang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeshRobert B. en-aut-sei=Tesh en-aut-mei=Robert B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TordoNoël en-aut-sei=Tordo en-aut-mei=Noël kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=VasilakisNikos en-aut-sei=Vasilakis en-aut-mei=Nikos kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=WhitfieldAnna E. en-aut-sei=Whitfield en-aut-mei=Anna E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=University of Queensland kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones and Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=CSIRO Health and Biosecurity kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones and Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=University of Queensland kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Animal and Plant Health Agency Addlestone kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Fisheries & Oceans Canada kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Instituto Biológico kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Sun Yat Sen University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=University of Texas Medical Branch kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Gamal Abdel Nasser University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=University of Texas Medical Branch kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=North Carolina State University kn-affil= en-keyword=ICTV Report kn-keyword=ICTV Report en-keyword=Rhabdoviridae kn-keyword=Rhabdoviridae en-keyword=taxonomy kn-keyword=taxonomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100163 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Heteroarylation of mono- and dichloroarenes via phenothiazine organophotoredox catalysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=2-Arylpyrroles are key structural motifs found in a wide range of pharmaceuticals and functional materials. Although the photocatalytic heteroarylation of pyrroles with aryl iodides and bromides has been extensively developed for the synthesis of 2-arylpyrroles, the corresponding reactions using aryl chlorides remain relatively unexplored owing to the high energy barrier associated with C(sp2)–Cl bond activation. Herein, we report a phenothiazine-based organophotoredox-catalyzed heteroarylation of aryl chlorides with pyrroles for the synthesis of diverse 2-arylpyrroles. Notably, dichloroarenes also efficiently undergo heteroarylation to afford the corresponding products. Therefore, the present reaction represents a versatile approach to heteroarylation and provides a valuable tool for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and functional materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OishiMasato en-aut-sei=Oishi en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamuraHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Takamura en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadotaIsao en-aut-sei=Kadota en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKenta en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Heteroarylation kn-keyword=Heteroarylation en-keyword=Photoredox catalysis kn-keyword=Photoredox catalysis en-keyword=Aryl chloride kn-keyword=Aryl chloride en-keyword=Phenothiazine kn-keyword=Phenothiazine en-keyword=Visible light kn-keyword=Visible light END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=pcag055 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260428 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Involvement of tRNA thiolation in uORF-mediated translational regulation during Xylogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Post-transcriptional modification of tRNAs is an important mechanism for regulating translation efficiency and cellular homeostasis, yet its contribution to upstream open reading frame (uORF)-mediated translational control remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the role of tRNA thiolation in thermospermine-dependent regulation of xylem development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using a suppressor screen of the thermospermine-deficient mutant acaulis5 (acl5), which exhibits dwarfism and excessive xylem differentiation, we identified suppressor-of-acl502 (sac502) as a recessive loss-of-function allele of CTU2, a gene encoding a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the wobble uridine modification 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine. Mutations in other components of the same modification pathway, including ROL5 and TRM9, similarly suppressed the acl5 phenotype. Translational analyses using 5′ leader-GUS reporter constructs revealed that the ctu2 mutation did not enhance translation of the mRNA containing a thermospermine-responsive uORF of SAC51, but instead significantly reduced translation of that of SACL3, a member of the SAC51 family, and that of LONESOME HIGHWAY (LHW), which contains another conserved uORF in the 5′ leader region. Polysome profiling further demonstrated decreased association of SACL3 and LHW mRNAs with actively translating ribosomes in ctu2. Genetic interaction analyses supported the conclusion that the suppression of excessive xylem formation in acl5 by ctu2 is attributable to reduced LHW activity. In addition, ctu2 mutants displayed increased sensitivity to exogenous thermospermine, resembling the response of lhw mutants. Together, our results reveal that tRNA thiolation contributes to uORF-mediated translational regulation of key developmental regulators and identify tRNA modification as an important regulatory layer controlling vascular development. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiiYuichi en-aut-sei=Nishii en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiDaichi en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Daichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaraumiMitsuru en-aut-sei=Saraumi en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiTaku en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Taku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Arabidopsis kn-keyword=Arabidopsis en-keyword=mRNA translation kn-keyword=mRNA translation en-keyword=thermospermine kn-keyword=thermospermine en-keyword=tRNA thiolation kn-keyword=tRNA thiolation en-keyword=uOR kn-keyword=uOR END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e110548 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathway Enrichment Analysis of Whole-Exome Sequencing Data from Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Enucleated Eyes with Retinoblastoma and Choroidal Malignant Melanoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objectives: Intraocular tumors are extremely rare, small in size, and difficult to approach by biopsy. In the era of cancer genome analysis, we designed a pilot study to perform whole-exome sequencing of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded enucleated eyes of retinoblastoma and choroidal malignant melanoma as two major intraocular malignancies.
Methodology: Genomic DNA was isolated from intraocular tumor areas of 105 paraffin sections with a 5 μm thickness of seven enucleated eyes with retinoblastoma and seven eyes with choroidal malignant melanoma. One of 7 samples of retinoblastoma and another of seven samples of choroidal malignant melanoma were excluded from the study since the sequencing output and depth of reads were lower compared with the other samples. The sequencing data after quality control were aligned to the reference genome sequence (hg38, GRCh38 Assembly, Genome Reference Consortium Human Build 38), and the mapped reads were processed to improve data quality. Somatic mutations (single nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions, and multiple nucleotide variants) in each sample were extracted after excluding variants reported in a Panel of Normals (PON) from the 1000 Genomes Project. Additional selection criteria included a mutation depth of ≥5 reads and either no registration in or an allele frequency of less than 5% in the Tohoku Medical Megabank of Japan (ToMMo 60KJPN-SNV/INDEL Allele Frequency Panel).
Results: Candidate genes with somatic mutations were selected by three criteria: genes with the same mutation shared by two samples or more, recurrently mutated genes three times or over, and genes of driver candidates identified in combining several different driver mutation-detecting programs by Integrative OncoGenomics (IntOGen). Using candidate genes detected by any of the three criteria as input, enrichment analyses identified 28 pathways in Gene Ontology (GO) and 2 pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) for retinoblastoma, while 385 pathways in GO, 12 in KEGG, 2 in the Hallmark gene set of the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB), and 47 in Reactome were identified for choroidal malignant melanoma. The enrichment maps showed three major pathways differently in retinoblastoma and choroidal malignant melanoma: one with dynein in retinoblastoma and another with MET in choroidal malignant melanoma.
Conclusions: Although there were limitations related to the small amounts of DNA available from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded small-sized tissues and the absence of matched normal control tissue, whole-exome sequencing provided clues to somatic mutations that were enriched in specific pathways and differed between retinoblastoma and choroidal malignant melanoma. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakehiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnnishiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ennishi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoAkira en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmemiyaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Amemiya en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamitsujiShigeo en-aut-sei=Kamitsuji en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Genomic Statistics, Stagen Co. Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Genomic Statistics, Stagen Co. Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Genomic Statistics, Stagen Co. Ltd. kn-affil= en-keyword=choroidal malignant melanoma kn-keyword=choroidal malignant melanoma en-keyword=driver genes (driver mutations) kn-keyword=driver genes (driver mutations) en-keyword=enucleation kn-keyword=enucleation en-keyword=formalin-fixed paraffinembedded (ffpe) kn-keyword=formalin-fixed paraffinembedded (ffpe) en-keyword=integrative oncogenomics kn-keyword=integrative oncogenomics en-keyword=pathway enrichment kn-keyword=pathway enrichment en-keyword=retinoblastoma kn-keyword=retinoblastoma en-keyword=somatic mutation kn-keyword=somatic mutation en-keyword=tohoku medical megabank kn-keyword=tohoku medical megabank en-keyword=whole-exome sequencing kn-keyword=whole-exome sequencing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=223 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=108646 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Reticulate evolution, introgression, and recent diversification in Epimedium sect. Macroceras en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hybridization can hinder or promote diversification, and growing genomic evidence suggests that it can facilitate adaptation and speciation. Despite recent progress, however, the quantitative contribution and temporal scope of hybridization to diversification remain poorly understood. The genus Epimedium is a recently diverged lineage, and sect. Macroceras largely consists of endemic species in Japan that are distributed across diverse environments, including limestone, serpentine, coastal habitats, heavy-snow regions, and regions with mild winters. Although natural hybridization and hybrid species have been reported in this section, molecular evidence demonstrating the contribution of hybridization to lineage diversification is limited. We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from Epimedium sect. Macroceras and tested for genomic signatures consistent with hybridization. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that E. koreanum from Korea is sister to Japanese Epimedium lineages, consistent with an initial colonization of Japan from the Korean Peninsula. The analyses also revealed complex relationships among Japanese species and frequent signals of historical interspecific introgression. Our results are consistent with a history of recent diversification in sect. Macroceras accompanied by introgressive hybridization, which may have contributed to diversification across heterogeneous environments in Japan. This study provides the first genome-wide insights into the evolutionary history of Epimedium sect. Macroceras and reveals complex reticulate relationships among the lineages. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KusatakeEmi en-aut-sei=Kusatake en-aut-mei=Emi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMomoka en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Momoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomokuniShuto en-aut-sei=Tomokuni en-aut-mei=Shuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiYosuke en-aut-sei=Yanagi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KariyamaShungo en-aut-sei=Kariyama en-aut-mei=Shungo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItohTakehito en-aut-sei=Itoh en-aut-mei=Takehito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimSeung-Chul en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=Seung-Chul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MimuraMakiko en-aut-sei=Mimura en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Society of Kurashiki Museum of Natural History kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Phylogenomics kn-keyword=Phylogenomics en-keyword=Introgression kn-keyword=Introgression en-keyword=Evolutionary radiation kn-keyword=Evolutionary radiation en-keyword=Pleistocene kn-keyword=Pleistocene en-keyword=Ecological divergence kn-keyword=Ecological divergence en-keyword=Reticulate evolution kn-keyword=Reticulate evolution END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=408 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=117978 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A flexible PVDF-based galloping flow sensor en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effective monitoring of low flow velocities in small rivers and irrigation channels is hindered by the power requirements and maintenance costs of existing technologies. This study proposes a novel flexible piezoelectric polymer flow sensor utilizing galloping vibration to detect flow velocity in the low range (≤ 0.1 m/s). The sensor features a flexible cantilever structure composed of a silicone rubber beam embedded with a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film and a tip pillar. Unlike conventional devices based on flow-induced vibration, the use of low-stiffness materials enables the induction of self-excited vibration even under weak fluid forces. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis has been conducted to optimize the tip shape; a D-shaped semicylinder is selected over a cylinder and a square prism because the geometry maximizes the lift force per unit mass, ensuring efficient energy conversion. To predict sensor behavior, a coupled mechanical-fluid-electrical model was developed. Specifically, the model accounts for the static deflection angle caused by fluid drag. Water channel experiments demonstrated that sensors with beam thicknesses under 4 mm successfully generated stable periodic outputs at 0.1 m/s, a regime previously difficult for galloping-based devices. Conversely, thicker beam which has a thickness of 8 mm achieved higher outputs at higher velocities but failed to actuate at low speeds. Furthermore, the study showed a vibration suppression phenomenon in flexible beams at high flow velocities due to excessive static deflection, which was accurately reproduced by the analytical model. These findings establish structural stiffness as the critical design parameter for optimizing the operable velocity range of flow sensors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroseMitsuki en-aut-sei=Kurose en-aut-mei=Mitsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaTakefumi en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Takefumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYuya en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakimotoShuichi en-aut-sei=Wakimoto en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiejimaShinji en-aut-sei=Hiejima en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaTakeji en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Hydro-VENUS Co., Ltd., Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Flow velocity sensor kn-keyword=Flow velocity sensor en-keyword=Piezoelectric polymer kn-keyword=Piezoelectric polymer en-keyword=Flow induced vibration kn-keyword=Flow induced vibration en-keyword=Galloping vibration kn-keyword=Galloping vibration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=26007 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Understory Vegetation Structure in Remnant Natural Forests and Acacia Plantations on Coastal Sand Dunes in North Central Vietnam en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the coastal sand dune forests of North Central Vietnam, vegetation has been seriously damaged by war and overexploitation. To recover ecosystem functions, including sand stabilisation under harsh environments, exotic species like Acacia spp. have been planted as a monoculture. However, the long-term sustainability of this practice remains unclear. To assess the long-term effectiveness of revegetation with Acacia spp., this study aims to understand the differences and similarities in ecological characteristics of remnant natural forests and Acacia plantations on the coastal sand dune of North Central Vietnam by comparing understory vegetation structure and environmental conditions. We investigated the understory vegetation (height < 130 cm) in a total of 54 quadrants (1 m × 1 m), including nine natural forests and nine Acacia plantations. We compared diversity indices by mixed ANOVA and examined the differences in the understory vegetation structure between the two forest types through PERMANOVA. We also determined some abiotic environmental factors (e.g. light and soil water availability, and soil pH). We identified 951 individuals, with 792 found in natural forests and 159 in plantations. The species found in natural forests were well-distributed among Liana phanerophytes (Lp), Microphanerophytes (Mi), Mega-Mesophanerophytes (MM), and Cryptophytes (Cr). In contrast, species found in plantations were predominantly Cr, Hemicryptophytes (Hm), and MM. All diversity indices were significantly higher in natural forests (P < 0.05), and the NMDS analysis confirmed significant differences in the understory vegetation structure between natural forests and plantations. Only soil pH was significantly lower in natural forests (P < 0.05), while none of the environmental factors had a statistically significant impact on the variations in understory vegetation structure. Our results indicate that succession by native tree species does not seem to occur naturally in Acacia plantations. Hence, to restore and sustainably develop coastal sand dune forests in North Central Vietnam, it is essential to establish a scientifically based strategy for managing and protecting the remaining natural remnant forest areas. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DoanTuan Quoc en-aut-sei=Doan en-aut-mei=Tuan Quoc kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoTetsuya K. en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DinhTai Tien en-aut-sei=Dinh en-aut-mei=Tai Tien kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LeHung Thai en-aut-sei=Le en-aut-mei=Hung Thai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoTuan Ngoc Anh en-aut-sei=Ho en-aut-mei=Tuan Ngoc Anh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikiNaoko H. en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Naoko H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoHoang Thai Dac en-aut-sei=Ho en-aut-mei=Hoang Thai Dac kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirobeMuneto en-aut-sei=Hirobe en-aut-mei=Muneto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Ibaraki University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Hue Union of Science and Technology Associations (HUSTA) kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Hue University, University of Agriculture and Forestry kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Hue Union of Science and Technology Associations (HUSTA) kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Hue Union of Science and Technology Associations (HUSTA) kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology kn-affil= en-keyword=natural forest kn-keyword=natural forest en-keyword=Acacia plantation kn-keyword=Acacia plantation en-keyword=coastal sand dunes forest kn-keyword=coastal sand dunes forest en-keyword=diversity kn-keyword=diversity en-keyword=understory vegetation kn-keyword=understory vegetation en-keyword=life forms kn-keyword=life forms en-keyword=environmental factor kn-keyword=environmental factor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uniqueness of Dirichlet forms for random point fields in the absence of tail triviality en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We consider an infinite system of interacting Brownian motions that preserves a given random point field invariant. Such dynamics are constructed using Dirichlet form theory, which naturally leads to two Dirichlet forms for the random point field: the upper and the lower Dirichlet forms. A fundamental question is the uniqueness of the Dirichlet form: that is, whether these two forms coincide. This uniqueness has often been imposed as a key assumption in the Dirichlet form approach to the stochastic analysis for infinite particle systems. A sufficient condition for the uniqueness of the Dirichlet forms is known when the random point field is tail trivial. However, tail triviality has been established for only a limited class of random point fields. In this paper, we prove the uniqueness of the Dirichlet form without assuming tail triviality. The main contribution of this work is to establish the tail preserving property, which asserts that global properties of the system, such as particle density, are preserved under time evolution. As a consequence, our results also imply the strong uniqueness of solutions to the associated infinite-dimensional stochastic differential equations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawamotoYosuke en-aut-sei=Kawamoto en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama university kn-affil= en-keyword=Infinite particle systems kn-keyword=Infinite particle systems en-keyword=Interacting Brownian motions kn-keyword=Interacting Brownian motions en-keyword=Uniqueness of Dirichlet forms kn-keyword=Uniqueness of Dirichlet forms en-keyword=Random matrices kn-keyword=Random matrices END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=94 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260530 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Three-dimensional virtual planning reduces operative time in orthognathic surgery: a procedure-specific retrospective study incorporating additive manufacturing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose Three-dimensional virtual surgical planning (3D-VSP) is increasingly used in orthognathic surgery; however, procedure-specific evidence regarding its real-world impact on operative efficiency and intraoperative blood loss remains limited. This study evaluated the association between 3D-VSP implementation and operative time, and intraoperative blood loss across different orthognathic procedures.
Methods This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients who underwent orthognathic surgery at a single academic institution before (2019–2020) and after (2023–2024) the full implementation of 3D-VSP integrated with in-house additive manufacturing (n = 344). Procedure-specific multivariable linear regression analyses were performed, adjusting for age, sex, and surgeon experience.
Results After 3D-VSP implementation, operative time was reduced by approximately 36 min in sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO), 50 min in Le Fort I (LF1) combined with SSRO, and 42 min in segmental LF1 combined with SSRO, representing a 15–20% reduction in total operative time. No meaningful reduction was observed in intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO)-based procedures. A statistically significant, but modest, reduction in intraoperative blood loss was observed only in SSRO. The time-saving effect was independent of surgeon experience.
Conclusion The clinical benefit of 3D-VSP in orthognathic surgery is procedure-dependent and most evident in geometrically complex SSRO-based operations. These findings support the targeted implementation of digital planning and additive manufacturing workflows to improve operative efficiency in routine practice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KunisadaYuki en-aut-sei=Kunisada en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaNorie en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Norie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuiMasanori en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadoyaKoichi en-aut-sei=Kadoya en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakakuraHiroaki en-aut-sei=Takakura en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObataKyoichi en-aut-sei=Obata en-aut-mei=Kyoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoKisho en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Kisho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmemoriKoki en-aut-sei=Umemori en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Orthognathic surgery kn-keyword=Orthognathic surgery en-keyword=Surgical planning kn-keyword=Surgical planning en-keyword=Three-dimensional virtual surgical planning kn-keyword=Three-dimensional virtual surgical planning en-keyword=Operative time kn-keyword=Operative time en-keyword=Intraoperative blood loss kn-keyword=Intraoperative blood loss en-keyword=Additive manufacturing kn-keyword=Additive manufacturing en-keyword=Sagittal split ramus osteotomy kn-keyword=Sagittal split ramus osteotomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2026 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Case of Peripheral Odontogenic Myxofibroma Arising in the Palatal Gingiva of the Maxillary Second Premolar Region: A Case Report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Odontogenic myxofibroma (OMF) is a rare benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumor characterized by myxoid stroma with a prominent fibrous component. Although it usually arises intraosseously within the jaws, the peripheral variant, peripheral odontogenic myxofibroma (POMF), which occurs in extraosseous soft tissues, is uncommon and may be clinically misdiagnosed as a reactive gingival lesion. We report a case of POMF in a 68-year-old man who was referred for evaluation of a painless, slowly enlarging swelling of the palatal gingiva in the left maxillary second premolar region, which had initially been diagnosed as chronic periodontitis at a local clinic. An intraoral examination revealed an elastic, firm mass with partial erythema on the palatal marginal gingiva. Panoramic radiography showed mild generalized horizontal bone loss without lesion-specific changes, and computed tomography revealed no bone resorption associated with the lesion. Exfoliative cytology was negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy. The lesion was excised with a 5-mm clinical margin, including periosteum, and superficial peripheral ostectomy of the adjacent cortical bone was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a myxoid stroma rich in mucinous matrix and collagen fibers, containing sparsely distributed spindle-shaped cells and scattered nests of odontogenic epithelium. Alcian blue staining revealed diffuse positivity, supporting the diagnosis of POMF. No recurrence was observed during a 2-year follow-up period. This case highlights a diagnostic pitfall in the tooth-bearing gingiva and underscores the importance of histopathological confirmation of persistent gingival masses. When imaging shows no apparent bone involvement, and clinical suspicion of malignancy is low, complete excision with an adequate soft-tissue margin and selective, limited bone removal may achieve local control while preserving the adjacent teeth; long-term follow-up remains advisable. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasuiMasanori en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YutoriHirokazu en-aut-sei=Yutori en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimuraAi en-aut-sei=Fujimura en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Faculty of Medicine , Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Faculty of Medicine , Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=case report kn-keyword=case report en-keyword=excisional biopsy kn-keyword=excisional biopsy en-keyword=palatal gingiva kn-keyword=palatal gingiva en-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxofibroma kn-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxofibroma en-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxoma kn-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxoma END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e0350803 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A multicenter, randomized, parallel-group confirmatory study protocol to evaluate the efficacy of Soft Protector CPC, a novel oral mucosal protectant, in preventing oral mucositis and alleviating pain in patients with breast cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Oral mucositis is a frequent and debilitating adverse event observed in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Current management strategies are limited in duration, require frequent application, and fail to address the mechanical irritation from teeth. A novel device, Soft Protector CPC, was developed to overcome these limitations. This multicenter, randomized, two-arm, open-label, confirmatory trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Soft Protector CPC in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. A total of 154 participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either oral care with Soft Protector CPC or oral care alone. The primary endpoint will be oral mucositis as assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0 during the comparative treatment period. The secondary endpoints will include CTCAE v3.0 during the continuous treatment period, oral mucositis, pain (CTCAE v5.0), quality of life (Patient Reported Outcomes-CTCAE version 1.0 [PRO-CTCAE v1.0], the 15-item oral health questionnaire of the European Organization For Research And Treatment Of Cancer [EORTC QLQ-OH15], and the pain Numeric Rating Scale), onset and site of mucositis, completion of chemotherapy, use of rescue medications, technical feasibility, and patient preference. The safety endpoints will include adverse events, device malfunction, and laboratory tests. This trial is expected to establish the clinical utility of the Soft Protector CPC for the prevention and management of oral mucositis, with the potential to improve the patients’ quality of life and adherence to cancer therapy. This study was approved by the Clinical Research Review Board and registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs062250005, on April 18, 2025. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OmoriKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Omori en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurukawaKohei en-aut-sei=Furukawa en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UsubuchiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Usubuchi en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaTomofumi en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Tomofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienTadahiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaMichihiro en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Michihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakatsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Nakatsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakashibaShogo en-aut-sei=Takashiba en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Dentistry, Miyagi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Sagara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260521 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Juniperus sabina coverage on plant community structure in semiarid areas of China en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Plant interactions are one of the fundamental processes shaping the structure and function of plant communities and help create species diversity. Species diversity affects the current functioning of ecosystems and their resistance and resilience to future climate change. In harsh environments such as drylands, positive plant–plant interactions are important in promoting species diversity. Juniperus sabina is an evergreen shrub that is native to the semiarid areas of northern China. Because J. sabina can modify some harsh environmental conditions in its role as a nurse plant, it is expected to facilitate species diversity, although it may exhibit allelopathic inhibition. Previous research has only examined effects of J. sabina coverage onα-diversity in a single-year, and its effects on the β-diversity of the plant community structure in the local ecosystem are still unclear. We compared environmental conditions and plant species composition inside and outside of 11 J. sabina patches to evaluate the effects of its coverage on the species diversity of the understory community structure through modifying microhabitat conditions. Water and nutrient conditions were higher inside the patches, whereas light conditions were higher outside. More perennial herbs and C3 plants were found inside and more annual herbs and C4 plants were found outside. There were different trends in α-diversity each year, while β-diversity was consistently greater inside the patches. This research suggests that the coverage of J. sabina can drive different community structures by providing heterogeneous environmental conditions, and would increase plant species diversity in the local ecosystem. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=QinLong en-aut-sei=Qin en-aut-mei=Long kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamabayashiAyaka en-aut-sei=Yamabayashi en-aut-mei=Ayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoTetsuya K. en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangGuosheng en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Guosheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaNorikazu en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Norikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirobeMuneto en-aut-sei=Hirobe en-aut-mei=Muneto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikiNaoko H. en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Naoko H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=College of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Nurse plant kn-keyword=Nurse plant en-keyword=Plant species diversity kn-keyword=Plant species diversity en-keyword=Plant species coexistence kn-keyword=Plant species coexistence en-keyword=Plant–plant interactions kn-keyword=Plant–plant interactions en-keyword=Mu Us sandy land kn-keyword=Mu Us sandy land END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=530 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260428 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photosynthetic Response of Larix gmelinii var. japonica Saplings After Exogenous Glutathione Foliar Application en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sapling survival and growth depend on photosynthetic assimilates. Therefore, improving physiological performance during early stages may enhance subsequent performance and nursery production. This study evaluated whether exogenous oxidized glutathione (GSSG), reported to enhance photosynthesis, improves the photosynthetic, physiological, and growth-related traits of Larix gmelinii var. japonica saplings. Sixteen saplings were assigned to four treatments: GSSG, 5-aminolevulinic acid, Hyponex, and a water control. Photosynthetic, nitrogen-related, and growth traits were measured before treatment and at 3, 6, 13, and 31 days after treatment, and biomass was assessed after three months. The GSSG treatment showed no difference in the net CO2 assimilation rate (Amax) compared with the control, but exhibited a significantly earlier peak at 6 days than the other treatments. This response was supported by the stability of GSSG-treated saplings against photoinhibition (Fv/Fm) and a tendency toward greater resilience to midday light stress (ΦPSII). Enhanced photosynthetic performance was associated with reduced carbon and nitrogen fluctuations and was accompanied by numerically greater root and stem biomass in the 2024 terminal shoots. Although fertilization effects were generally weak and transient, GSSG elicited notable responses, suggesting that the immediate enhancement of photosynthesis underlies its impact. However, its antioxidant properties under stressful conditions warrant further investigation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=RahayuResa Sri en-aut-sei=Rahayu en-aut-mei=Resa Sri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizukaWataru en-aut-sei=Ishizuka en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaritaAyu en-aut-sei=Narita en-aut-mei=Ayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyataRie en-aut-sei=Miyata en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikiNaoko H. en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Naoko H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonHirokazu en-aut-sei=Kon en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiYuko en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=exogenous glutathione kn-keyword=exogenous glutathione en-keyword=foliar fertilizer kn-keyword=foliar fertilizer en-keyword=Larix gmelinii var. japonica kn-keyword=Larix gmelinii var. japonica en-keyword=photosystem II quantum yield kn-keyword=photosystem II quantum yield en-keyword=photosynthetic rate kn-keyword=photosynthetic rate END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=181 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hypernatremia during the first week of life in very preterm infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3 to 4 years of age: a cohort study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Hypernatremia is a common electrolyte disorder in both term and preterm infants. Previous studies have suggested a correlation between hypernatremia and short-term complications in preterm infants, such as intraventricular hemorrhage and chronic lung disease. However, the relationship between hypernatremia and neurodevelopmental outcomes is less well understood. This study aimed to assess the association between hypernatremia during the first week of life and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3–4 years of age in very preterm infants.
Methods This single-center, retrospective cohort study analyzed data from preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestation between 2010 and 2020. Infants with peak whole blood sodium levels > 145 mEq/L during the first week of life were included in the hypernatremia group and those with ≤ 145 mEq/L in the non-hypernatremia group. The primary outcome was neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 3–4 years of age, defined as developmental impairment (developmental quotient < 70), cerebral palsy, hearing impairment, or visual impairment. Secondary outcomes were the components of the primary outcome. We conducted Poisson regression analyses with robust variance, adjusting for perinatal confounders.
Results Of 272 infants with neurodevelopmental data, 82 and 190 infants were in the hypernatremia and non-hypernatremia groups, respectively. The median (interquartile range) gestational age and birth weight were 26.4 (25.1–28.0) and 28.7 (26.6–30.3) weeks and 860 (670–1062) and 997 (778–1264) g for infants in the hypernatremia and non-hypernatremia groups, respectively. Infants in the hypernatremia group had a greater incidence of NDI (29.3% vs. 14.7%, adjusted risk ratio [RR] 1.75, 95% CI 1.08–2.84) and cerebral palsy (8.5% vs. 1.6%, adjusted RR 5.5, 95% CI 1.72–17.63) than those in the non-hypernatremia group.
Conclusions Hypernatremia during the first week of life was associated with an increased risk of NDI at 3–4 years of age in very preterm infants. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiMichiko en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamaiKei en-aut-sei=Tamai en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiAkihito en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraMakoto en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KageyamaMisao en-aut-sei=Kageyama en-aut-mei=Misao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Hypernatremia kn-keyword=Hypernatremia en-keyword=Development kn-keyword=Development en-keyword=Very preterm kn-keyword=Very preterm en-keyword=Cerebral palsy kn-keyword=Cerebral palsy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e70582 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260528 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Risk Factors for Waiting List Mortality in Lung Transplant Candidates With Post‐Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Non‐Infectious Pulmonary Complications en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Late-onset non-infectious pulmonary complications (LONIPCs) following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are a known indication for need of lung transplantation. This study aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of patients with LONIPCs after HSCT who were registered for lung transplantation and reveal the risk factors for waiting list mortality.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients with LONIPCs after allogeneic HSCT who were referred to Okayama University Hospital and registered in the Japan Organ Transplant Network for deceased-donor lung transplantation between 2005 and 2023. Pediatric patients aged <18 years at the time of registration were excluded.
Results: Thirty-four patients were included in this study. Notably, two distinct phenotypic groups were identified: One with a bronchiolitis obliterans pattern on high-resolution computed tomography and a mixed ventilatory defect, and the other with a pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis pattern and a restrictive ventilatory defect. The median waiting duration for a deceased-donor lung transplant was 662 days, and 16 patients died during the waiting period. The cumulative incidence of waiting list mortality was 20.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.9%–35.6%) at 1 year and 46.1% (95% CI, 27.8%–62.7%) at 3 years. A history of pneumothorax, greater dyspnea on exertion, and higher serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 levels were associated with an increased risk of waiting list mortality.
Conclusion: In patients with LONIPCs after HSCT, a history of pneumothorax may be a marker of a poor prognosis and could serve as a criterion for referral of lung transplantation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HigoHisao en-aut-sei=Higo en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SenooSatoru en-aut-sei=Senoo en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoSatoko en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Satoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoTomohiro en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoTakumi en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHaruchika en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Haruchika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaShin en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiKentaroh en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Kentaroh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaharaNobuaki en-aut-sei=Miyahara en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=hematopoietic stem cell transplantation kn-keyword=hematopoietic stem cell transplantation en-keyword=late-onset non-infectious pulmonary complications kn-keyword=late-onset non-infectious pulmonary complications en-keyword=lung transplantation kn-keyword=lung transplantation en-keyword=pneumothorax kn-keyword=pneumothorax END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1850114 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260529 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bee larvae ameliorate andropause-like symptoms via a hormone-independent, antioxidant mechanism en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH), also known as the male menopause, is characterized by a decline in sexual function as well as various physical and psychological symptoms, including anxiety. Although bee larvae have historically been utilized as a traditional food and medicine, their efficacy and physiological mechanisms of action against male menopausal symptoms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of bee larvae (BL) on sexual and anxiety-like behaviors using two rodent models of the male menopause: aged rats and castrated mice. In the aged rat model (64 weeks old), dietary BL supplementation for 4 weeks significantly attenuated the age-associated decline in ejaculation frequency compared to controls, while no significant effects were observed on mount or intromission frequencies. Notably, plasma analysis revealed no significant differences in testosterone or dihydrotestosterone levels between the BL and control groups. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we evaluated sexual function using a castrated mouse model. While BL supplementation did not affect sexual behavior in intact mice, post-castration BL treatment significantly shortened intromission latency without altering mount frequency. In the elevated plus maze test, BL significantly alleviated castration-induced anxiety-like behaviors and improved exploratory activity. Furthermore, in vitro assays demonstrated that the BL extract exerts potent protective effects against oxidative stress, a pathological factor contributing to both erectile dysfunction and anxiety. These results suggest that BL improves erectile function and anxiety via hormone-independent mechanisms, potentially by mitigating oxidative stress in vascular and neural tissues. Thus, bee larvae represent a promising functional food for ameliorating the multi-faceted physical and psychological symptoms associated with male menopause. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ItoTakashi en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkumuraNobuaki en-aut-sei=Okumura en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtiTakumi en-aut-sei=Oti en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoHirotaka en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Bee Products & Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc. kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=anxiety kn-keyword=anxiety en-keyword=bee larvae kn-keyword=bee larvae en-keyword=late-onset hypogonadism kn-keyword=late-onset hypogonadism en-keyword=oxidative stress kn-keyword=oxidative stress en-keyword=sexual behavior kn-keyword=sexual behavior END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=115 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=107590 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Long-term neurological and neurocognitive deficits in adults prenatally exposed to methylmercury: Minamata disease en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Minamata disease, officially recognized in 1956, is a well-known food poisoning event that was caused by the consumption of fish and seafood contaminated with methylmercury. Although patients with congenital Minamata disease (CMD) with severe neurological impairments after birth are widely recognized, few studies have examined the effects of prenatal methylmercury exposure among residents, which is likely at lower levels than in CMD patients. We aimed to investigate the relationship between prenatal methylmercury exposure and subsequent neurological and neurocognitive outcomes. We conducted a cross-sectional study during 2024–2025 among 51 individuals aged approximately 70 years, 27 residents from an existing cohort established in 1970 in Minamata and 24 age-matched individuals who had lived in less-exposed regions. We performed a battery of neurological and neurocognitive tests in both groups and compared the results using multiple linear regression analyses. We also examined the association between intelligence scores obtained in 1970, and intelligence scores obtained in the present investigation, only among exposed participants. We found that exposed individuals had unfavorable neurological and neurocognitive test scores, in comparison with less-exposed controls. Scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Japanese Edition were 5.91 points lower (95% confidence interval: 3.09 to 8.73) for exposed residents than for the less-exposed group. Moreover, intelligence scores evaluated during exposed participants' adolescence were correlated with their neurocognitive scores in adulthood. Our findings showed that prenatal methylmercury exposure affected subsequent neurological and neurocognitive functions, including among individuals with lower exposure than in CMD patients, and even approximately 70 years after the initial exposure. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamuraYuka en-aut-sei=Yamamura en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoItsuka en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Itsuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasudaMariko en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorookaTeruko en-aut-sei=Morooka en-aut-mei=Teruko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadoYoko en-aut-sei=Kado en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Non-Profit Organization Hamachidori kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Clinical Psychology Center, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Medical Support, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Kansai University kn-affil= en-keyword=Environmental pollution kn-keyword=Environmental pollution en-keyword=Methylmercury compounds kn-keyword=Methylmercury compounds en-keyword=Minamata disease kn-keyword=Minamata disease en-keyword=Neurocognitive evaluation kn-keyword=Neurocognitive evaluation en-keyword=Neurological examination kn-keyword=Neurological examination END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=86 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Immediate and delayed effects of thermal stress on fever-associated seizures in children: A time-stratified case-crossover study in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study aimed to examine the non-linear and delayed effects of thermal stress, measured by the hourly Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), on the risk of pediatric fever-associated seizures (FAS). We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study in Okayama, Japan (May 2015–March 2023), analyzing 3,201 ambulance-attended FAS cases in children younger than 7 years. Using a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) with a 144-h lag, we estimated the association between UTCI and FAS. The analysis revealed a bimodal exposure–response relationship. Moderate Cold Stress (10th percentile, –1.6 °C) was associated with a significant cumulative odds ratio (OR) of 2.22 (95% CI: 1.22–4.06). Risk also increased at the upper range of No Thermal Stress (24.2 °C; cumulative OR 2.74, 95% CI: 1.63–4.63), extending into Moderate Heat Stress (28.7 °C; cumulative OR 2.26, 95% CI: 1.33–3.84). These effects were primarily delayed to 72–96 h for Moderate Cold and reached a peak around 100 h for Moderate Heat. Strong Heat Stress showed immediate but non-significant risk patterns. These findings suggest that infection-mediated pathways likely drive the observed bimodal risk pattern, demonstrate the utility of high-resolution bioclimatic indices, and can inform the development of temperature-specific public health alerts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamuraYuka en-aut-sei=Yamamura en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UraguchiKensuke en-aut-sei=Uraguchi en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObaraTakafumi en-aut-sei=Obara en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Time-stratified Case-crossover study kn-keyword=Time-stratified Case-crossover study en-keyword=Thermal stress kn-keyword=Thermal stress en-keyword=Fever-associated seizures kn-keyword=Fever-associated seizures en-keyword=Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) kn-keyword=Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) en-keyword=Climate change kn-keyword=Climate change en-keyword=Pediatric emergency kn-keyword=Pediatric emergency END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=皮膚電気インピーダンスを用いた経皮水分蒸散量推定による新たな皮膚バリア機能評価の試み kn-title=An alternative approach based on skin electrical impedance to determine transepidermal water loss for skin barrier function assessments en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UEHARAOsamu en-aut-sei=UEHARA en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=上原治 kn-aut-sei=上原 kn-aut-mei=治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=早産後の母親のボンディングとレジリエンスの関連 kn-title=Associations of Resilience With Bonding Status After Preterm Birth en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HARADASayuri en-aut-sei=HARADA en-aut-mei=Sayuri kn-aut-name=原田さゆり kn-aut-sei=原田 kn-aut-mei=さゆり aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院保健学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ダパグリフロジンによるアデノシン介在性好中球浸潤抑制は腎虚血再灌流障害を減弱化する：リアルタイムイメージングとメタボローム解析を用いた研究 kn-title=Adenosine-mediated Neutrophil Regulation by Dapagliflozin Attenuates Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: Real-time Imaging and Metabolic Insights en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YAMANOITomoaki en-aut-sei=YAMANOI en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name=山野井友昭 kn-aut-sei=山野井 kn-aut-mei=友昭 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=eMEMO®の臨床的有用性に関する検討 kn-title=A Study of the Clinical Usefulness of the eMEMO® en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NAKAYAMAHinako en-aut-sei=NAKAYAMA en-aut-mei=Hinako kn-aut-name=中山日菜子 kn-aut-sei=中山 kn-aut-mei=日菜子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院保健学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=食用コオロギ腸内細菌叢のディスバイオーシスはサルモネラの定着を促進する：食品安全性向上のためのプロバイオティクス戦略 kn-title=Gut dysbiosis allows foodborne salmonella colonization in edible crickets: a probiotic strategy for enhanced food safety en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TSUJIShuma en-aut-sei=TSUJI en-aut-mei=Shuma kn-aut-name=辻秀真 kn-aut-sei=辻 kn-aut-mei=秀真 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院保健学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=形質細胞骨髄腫におけるCD56発現の診断的有用性と頻度 kn-title=The diagnostic utility and frequency of CD56 expression in plasma cell myeloma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IMAIMidori en-aut-sei=IMAI en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name=今井みどり kn-aut-sei=今井 kn-aut-mei=みどり aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院保健学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Butterworthフィルタを用いた再構成前フィルタリングが111In-pentetreotide SPECT画像の画質および定量精度に与える影響：ファントム研究 kn-title=Impact of pre-reconstruction filtering with butterworth filter on 111In-pentetreotide SPECT image quality and quantitative accuracy: A phantom study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HASEGAWADaisuke en-aut-sei=HASEGAWA en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院保健学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=亜硝酸ナトリウムの食事性補給が脳卒中易発症性自然発症高血圧ラットの自然脳内出血に及ぼす影響 kn-title=Effect of Dietary Sodium Nitrite Supplementation on Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SHANGRan en-aut-sei=SHANG en-aut-mei=Ran kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院保健学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=倍数体栽培ガキにおける果実形状の多様性進化 kn-title=Evolution of fruit shape diversity in polyploid cultivated persimmon en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HORIUCHIAyano en-aut-sei=HORIUCHI en-aut-mei=Ayano kn-aut-name=堀内綾乃 kn-aut-sei=堀内 kn-aut-mei=綾乃 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命自然科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=マウス卵母細胞におけるTFAMを介したミトコンドリアDNA複製の役割 kn-title=The role of TFAM-mediated mitochondrial DNA replication in mouse oocytes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DO QUANG SON en-aut-sei=DO QUANG SON en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命自然科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=排卵前後におけるウシ卵管緊張度制御メカニズムに関する研究 kn-title=Study on the mechanisms regulating bovine oviductal tonus during peri-ovulatory period en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KUBOTASayaka en-aut-sei=KUBOTA en-aut-mei=Sayaka kn-aut-name=窪田早耶香 kn-aut-sei=窪田 kn-aut-mei=早耶香 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命自然科学研究科 END