start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=238 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=120296 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250505 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Grafting-through functionalization of graphene oxide with cationic polymers for enhanced adsorption of anionic dyes and viruses en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Graphene oxide (GO) is a sheet-like carbon material with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on its surface. GO has been extensively studied as an adsorbent for heavy metals and organic compounds. However, effective strategies for negatively charged materials have yet to be established. This study aimed to synthesize composites of GO and cationic polymers for the selective adsorption of negatively charged materials; a challenge in this approach is the strong electrostatic interactions between GO and cationic polymers, which can lead to aggregation. This study addresses this issue by employing the grafting-through method. GO was initially modified with allylamine to introduce a polymerizable site, followed by radical polymerization to covalently bond polymers to the GO surface, effectively preventing aggregation. Adsorption experiments demonstrated that the GO-polymer composite selectively adsorbs anionic dye, such as methyl orange. Virus adsorption tests showed significantly enhanced performance compared to pristine GO. These results emphasize the critical role of controlled surface modification and charge manipulation in optimizing the adsorption performance of GO. This study establishes a simple and effective approach for synthesizing GO-cationic polymer composites, contributing to the development of advanced materials for water purification applications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimuraRyota en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ferré-PujolPilar en-aut-sei=Ferré-Pujol en-aut-mei=Pilar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaYuta en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Graphene oxide kn-keyword=Graphene oxide en-keyword=Virus adsorption kn-keyword=Virus adsorption en-keyword=Dye adsorption kn-keyword=Dye adsorption en-keyword=Cationic polymer composites kn-keyword=Cationic polymer composites en-keyword=Adsorbent kn-keyword=Adsorbent en-keyword=Aggregation kn-keyword=Aggregation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=酸化グラフェンの3次元組織化による吸着特性の精密制御 kn-title=Tuning the 3D Structure of Graphene Oxide Assembly for Precisely Controlled Adsorption Properties en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ISRAEL ORTIZ ANAYA en-aut-sei=ISRAEL ORTIZ ANAYA en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama university kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=234 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=120015 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Reversible chemical modifications of graphene oxide for enhanced viral capture and release in water en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Detecting low concentrations of viruses in sewage water is crucial for monitoring the spread of emerging viral diseases. However, current detection methods, which involve concentrating viruses using traditional materials such as gauze or cotton, have limitations in effectively accomplishing this task. This study demonstrates that graphene oxide (GO), a two-dimensional carbon material, possesses strong viral adsorption capabilities. However, it lacks efficiency for effective viral release. Therefore, we designed a series of new GO-based materials, which exhibited a viral adsorption similar to pristine GO, while significantly enhancing their release performance by attaching alkyl chains and hydrophilic functional groups. Among the synthesized materials, 1,8-aminooctanol grafted to GO (GO-NH2C8OH) has emerged as the most promising candidate, achieving a viral release rate higher than 50 %. This superior performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the alkyl chain and the terminal OH group, which enhances both its affinity for viruses and water dispersibility. Furthermore, we have successfully applied GO-NH2C8OH in a new protocol for concentrating viruses from sewage wastewater. This approach has demonstrated a 200-fold increase in virus concentration, allowing PCR detection of this type of pathogens present in wastewater below the detection limit by direct analysis, underscoring its significant potential for virus surveillance. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Ferré-PujolPilar en-aut-sei=Ferré-Pujol en-aut-mei=Pilar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObataSeiji en-aut-sei=Obata en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RayaJésus en-aut-sei=Raya en-aut-mei=Jésus kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=BiancoAlberto en-aut-sei=Bianco en-aut-mei=Alberto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoTakashi en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaYuta en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urban Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Research Center for Water Environment Technology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Carbon nanomaterials kn-keyword=Carbon nanomaterials en-keyword=Functionalization kn-keyword=Functionalization en-keyword=Adsorption kn-keyword=Adsorption en-keyword=Desorption kn-keyword=Desorption en-keyword=Pathogens kn-keyword=Pathogens END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=97 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=uoae118 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241111 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Refined surface area determination of graphene oxide using methylene blue as a probe molecule: a comparative approach en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this research, we explored the effectiveness of the methylene blue adsorption method as an alternative approach for determining the specific surface area of graphene oxide. Initially, through a comparative analysis with reference activated carbon, we identified the limitations of utilizing N2 physisorption for specific surface area determination of graphene oxide. Our findings revealed that the standard pretreatment process (heating under vacuum) before N2 physisorption led to damage to the surface oxygen groups on graphene oxide, and the measured surface areas (43 m2/g) do not accurately represent the entire surface area. To optimize methylene blue coverage on graphene oxide, we conducted adsorption equilibrium experiments, focusing on controlling temperature and pH. The pH was significantly important in regulating the coverage of methylene blue. Under the optimized methylene blue adsorption conditions, the specific surface area of graphene oxide was 1,555 m2/g. Our assumptions regarding specific surface area calculations were supported by structural characterization of samples with varying methylene blue uptakes. The results confirmed a uniform coverage of methylene blue on graphene oxide by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Ortiz-AnayaIsrael en-aut-sei=Ortiz-Anaya en-aut-mei=Israel kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaYuta en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Sciences and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=graphene oxide kn-keyword=graphene oxide en-keyword=methylene blue kn-keyword=methylene blue en-keyword=specific surface area kn-keyword=specific surface area END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=378 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=113269 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202410 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mesoporous carbon with extremely low micropore content synthesized from graphene oxide modified with alkali metal nitrates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=High-temperature thermal exfoliation is a simple, rapid, and cost-efficient method for transforming graphene oxide (GO) materials into reduced graphene oxide (rGO) materials. In this study, GO materials were dispersed with alkali metal nitrates (MNO3), leading to the preparation of porous rGO materials characterized by high specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume via high-temperature thermal exfoliation. Experimental data indicate that the metal cations of MNO3 tend to react directly with the oxygen functional groups (OFG) of GO, modulating the OFG content. Simultaneously, nitrate anions have preferential interaction with alkali metal ions and adhere to the surface of the GO. The presence of MNO3 on the surface of GO facilitates the thermal exfoliation process and leads to the formation of structures with an extremely high proportion of mesoporous content. The isothermal gas adsorption results show that the exfoliation efficiency of the samples activated with different nitrate salts decreases in the order rGO-KNO3 > rGO-NaNO3 > rGO-LiNO3. Among these samples, rGO modified with KNO3 exhibited the greatest exfoliation efficiency, with a mesopore-to-micropore volume ratio of 22.4, more than 1.7 times that of rGO. Its SSA and pore volume were 359 m2 g−1 and 1.26 cm3 g−1, respectively. These values significantly surpass those of rGO. Our research findings demonstrate that activation with MNO3 significantly increases the SSA and pore volume of the GO material after high-temperature annealing. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LiZhao en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Zhao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyotaMoeto en-aut-sei=Toyota en-aut-mei=Moeto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhkuboTakahiro en-aut-sei=Ohkubo en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Mesoporous carbon kn-keyword=Mesoporous carbon en-keyword=Alkali metal nitrates kn-keyword=Alkali metal nitrates en-keyword=Oxygen functional groups kn-keyword=Oxygen functional groups en-keyword=Activation kn-keyword=Activation en-keyword=Thermal exfoliation kn-keyword=Thermal exfoliation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=59 cd-vols= no-issue=17 article-no= start-page=2425 end-page=2428 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=2023 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Non-enzymatic detection of glucose levels in human blood plasma by a graphene oxide-modified organic transistor sensor en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We herein report an organic transistor functionalized with a phenylboronic acid derivative and graphene oxide for the quantification of plasma glucose levels, which has been achieved by the minimization of interferent effects derived from physical protein adsorption on the detection electrode. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FanHaonan en-aut-sei=Fan en-aut-mei=Haonan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiYui en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhouQi en-aut-sei=Zhou en-aut-mei=Qi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TangWei en-aut-sei=Tang en-aut-mei=Wei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaYuta en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinamiTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Minami en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=4993 end-page=5002 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spatially Uniform and Quantitative Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering under Modal Ultrastrong Coupling Beyond Nanostructure Homogeneity Limits en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We developed a substrate that enables highly sensitive and spatially uniform surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This substrate comprises densely packed gold nanoparticles (d-AuNPs)/titanium dioxide/Au film (d-ATA). The d-ATA substrate demonstrates modal ultrastrong coupling between localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) of AuNPs and Fabry–Pérot nanocavities. d-ATA exhibits a significant enhancement of the near-field intensity, resulting in a 78-fold increase in the SERS signal for crystal violet (CV) compared to that of d-AuNP/TiO2 substrates. Importantly, high sensitivity and a spatially uniform signal intensity can be obtained without precise control of the shape and arrangement of the nanoscale AuNPs, enabling quantitative SERS measurements. Additionally, SERS measurements of rhodamine 6G (R6G) on this substrate under ultralow adsorption conditions (0.6 R6G molecules/AuNP) show a spatial variation in the signal intensity within 3%. These findings suggest that the SERS signal under modal ultrastrong coupling originates from multiple plasmonic particles with quantum coherence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuganamiYoshiki en-aut-sei=Suganami en-aut-mei=Yoshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshikiriTomoya en-aut-sei=Oshikiri en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitomoHideyuki en-aut-sei=Mitomo en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiKeiji en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiuYen-En en-aut-sei=Liu en-aut-mei=Yen-En kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiXu en-aut-sei=Shi en-aut-mei=Xu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuoYasutaka en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IjiroKuniharu en-aut-sei=Ijiro en-aut-mei=Kuniharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisawaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Misawa en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Creative Research Institution, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=localized surface plasmon resonance kn-keyword=localized surface plasmon resonance en-keyword=modalultrastrongcoupling kn-keyword=modalultrastrongcoupling en-keyword=surface-enhanced Raman scattering kn-keyword=surface-enhanced Raman scattering en-keyword=quantumcoherence kn-keyword=quantumcoherence en-keyword=self-assembly kn-keyword=self-assembly END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=64 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=532 end-page=542 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20231229 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=pSPICA Force Field Extended for Proteins and Peptides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Many coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) studies have been performed to investigate biological processes involving proteins and lipids. CG force fields (FFs) in these MD studies often use implicit or nonpolar water models to reduce computational costs. CG-MD using water models cannot properly describe electrostatic screening effects owing to the hydration of ionic segments and thus cannot appropriately describe molecular events involving water channels and pores through lipid membranes. To overcome this issue, we developed a protein model in the pSPICA FF, in which a polar CG water model showing the proper dielectric response was adopted. The developed CG model greatly improved the transfer free energy profiles of charged side chain analogues across the lipid membrane. Application studies on melittin-induced membrane pores and mechanosensitive channels in lipid membranes demonstrated that CG-MDs using the pSPICA FF correctly reproduced the structure and stability of the pores and channels. Furthermore, the adsorption behavior of the highly charged nona-arginine peptides on lipid membranes changed with salt concentration, indicating the pSPICA FF is also useful for simulating protein adsorption on membrane surfaces. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyazakiYusuke en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinodaWataru en-aut-sei=Shinoda en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=31 article-no= start-page=e202301644 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230817 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Polymer Template Synthesis of CuOx/Clay Nanocomposites with Controllable CuOx Formation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Metal oxides have the excellent functions including high thermal stability, electrical properties, catalytic performance, and adsorption properties of acid gases such as CO2 via the acid-base interactions. However, they suffer from low reserves, porosity control, and low adsorption efficiency per weight compared with lightweight materials including carbon and silica. To solve these issues, various methods for supporting metal oxides on porous carriers, such as decomposition-precipitation and impregnation, have been investigated, but controlling the formation of metal oxide on clay nanosheets remains as a challenge. Herein, we developed a soft-template method for supporting metal oxide (CuOx) nanoparticles on activated clay nanosheets. The intercalation of polyethyleneimine (PEI)−Cu2+ complexes between the layers of clay nanosheets followed by calcination to construct CuOx and remove the PEI templates afforded CuOx/clay nanocomposites. The constructed CuOx/clay nanocomposites had the close porosity to that of clay. Tuning the Cu2+/PEI ratio in PEI−Cu2+ complex allowed to control CuOx states (loadings, particle sizes, etc.). Tuning of the supporting conditions allowed constructing a structure suitable for CO2 uptake. These findings will contribute to the development of the material science of metal oxide nanoparticles and their hybrid materials in diverse fields including CO2 adsorbents, energy devices, and catalysts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakeuchiYuki en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhkuboTakahiro en-aut-sei=Ohkubo en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Clay nanosheets kn-keyword=Clay nanosheets en-keyword=CO2 adsorption kn-keyword=CO2 adsorption en-keyword=Metal oxide nanoparticles kn-keyword=Metal oxide nanoparticles en-keyword=Nanocomposites kn-keyword=Nanocomposites en-keyword=Template method kn-keyword=Template method END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=261 end-page=265 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220806 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=First-principles Analysis of Stearic Acid Adsorption on Calcite (104) Surface en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Calcium carbonate nanoparticles are often surface-treated with organic compounds such as fatty acids. The activated calcium carbonates not only exhibit excellent application properties, but also can be applied as eco-friendly inorganic-organic hybrid materials. However, the microscopic adsorption structure of organic compounds on calcite surfaces is not yet well understood. In this study, we performed computational simulations based on density functional theory to investigate adsorption states of stearic acid (SA) on a calcite (104) surface. Based on the first-principles ionic relaxation and molecular dynamics simulations for several types of SA−SA and calcite−SA bonding models, a SA bilayer model on the calcite (104) surface is predicted to be a possible stable structure. The proposed structure model is well consistent with the experimentally predicted adsorption mechanism of SA on the calcite (104) surface. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MachidaNarumi en-aut-sei=Machida en-aut-mei=Narumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisawaMasaaki en-aut-sei=Misawa en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KezukaYuki en-aut-sei=Kezuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji en-aut-sei=Tsuruta en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Shiraishi Central Laboratories Co., Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Calcite kn-keyword=Calcite en-keyword=Stearic acid kn-keyword=Stearic acid en-keyword=Surface adsorption kn-keyword=Surface adsorption en-keyword=Density functional calculation kn-keyword=Density functional calculation en-keyword=Molecular dynamics kn-keyword=Molecular dynamics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=8386 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230524 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Comprehensive hemocompatibility analysis on the application of diamond-like carbon to ePTFE artificial vascular prosthesis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this study was to obtain comprehensive data regarding the hemocompatibility of diamond-like carbon (DLC)-coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE). DLC increased the hydrophilicity and smoothened the surface and fibrillar structure, respectively, of the ePTFE. DLC-coated ePTFE had more albumin and fibrinogen adsorption and less platelet adhesion than uncoated ePTFE. There were scarce red cell attachments in in vitro human and in vivo animal (rat and swine) whole blood contact tests in both DLC-coated and uncoated ePTFE. DLC-coated ePTFE had a similar but marginally thicker band movement than uncoated-ePTFE with SDS-PAGE after human whole blood contact test. In addition, survival studies of aortic graft replacement in rats (1.5 mm graft) and arteriovenous shunt in goats (4 mm graft) were performed to compare the patency and clot formation between DLC-coated and uncoated ePTFE grafts. Comparable patency was observed in both animal models. However, clots were observed in the luminal surface of the patent 1.5 mm DLC-coated ePTFE grafts, but not in that of uncoated ePTFE grafts. In conclusions, hemocompatibility of DLC-coated ePTFE was high and comparable to that of uncoated ePTFE. However, it failed to improve the hemocompatibility of 1.5 mm ePTFE graft probably because increased fibrinogen adsorption canceled the other beneficial effects of DLC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GoyamaTakashi en-aut-sei=Goyama en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuraokaGenya en-aut-sei=Muraoka en-aut-mei=Genya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakataniTatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Nakatani en-aut-mei=Tatsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OusakaDaiki en-aut-sei=Ousaka en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiYuichi en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuwadaNoriaki en-aut-sei=Kuwada en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiTatsunori en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Tatsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShukuTakayuki en-aut-sei=Shuku en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaHaruhito A. en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Haruhito A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiboriMasahiro en-aut-sei=Nishibori en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OozawaSusumu en-aut-sei=Oozawa en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KasaharaShingo en-aut-sei=Kasahara en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Frontier Science and Technology, Okayama University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Frontier Science and Technology, Okayama University of Science kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kawasaki Medical Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Civil Engineering, Okayama University Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Translational Research and Drug Development, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Medical Safety Management, Safety Management Facility, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=134 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20221026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Efficient depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene furanoate by engineered PET hydrolase Cut190 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The enzymatic recycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be a promising approach to tackle the problem of plastic waste. The thermostability and activity of PET-hydrolyzing enzymes are still insufficient for practical application. Pretreatment of PET waste is needed for bio-recycling. Here, we analyzed the degradation of PET films, packages, and bottles using the newly engineered cutinase Cut190. Using gel permeation chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, the degradation of PET films by the Cut190 variant was shown to proceed via a repeating two-step hydrolysis process; initial endo-type scission of a surface polymer chain, followed by exo-type hydrolysis to produce mono/bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate and terephthalate from the ends of fragmented polymer molecules. Amorphous PET powders were degraded more than twofold higher than amorphous PET film with the same weight. Moreover, homogenization of post-consumer PET products, such as packages and bottles, increased their degradability, indicating the importance of surface area for the enzymatic hydrolysis of PET. In addition, it was required to maintain an alkaline pH to enable continuous enzymatic hydrolysis, by increasing the buffer concentration (HEPES, pH 9.0) depending on the level of the acidic products formed. The cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride promoted PET degradation via adsorption on the PET surface and binding to the anionic surface of the Cut190 variant. The Cut190 variant also hydrolyzed polyethylene furanoate. Using the best performing Cut190 variant (L136F/Q138A/S226P/R228S/D250C-E296C/Q123H/N202H/K305del/L306del/N307del) and amorphous PET powders, more than 90 mM degradation products were obtained in 3 days and approximately 80 mM in 1 day. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaiFusako en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Fusako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurushimaYoshitomo en-aut-sei=Furushima en-aut-mei=Yoshitomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MochizukiNorihiro en-aut-sei=Mochizuki en-aut-mei=Norihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakiNaoki en-aut-sei=Muraki en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaMitsuaki en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Mitsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaAkira en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MamotoRie en-aut-sei=Mamoto en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToshaTakehiko en-aut-sei=Tosha en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IizukaRyo en-aut-sei=Iizuka en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitajimaSakihito en-aut-sei=Kitajima en-aut-mei=Sakihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Toray Research Center, Inc kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Toray Research Center, Inc kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Toray Research Center, Inc kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=RIKEN SPring-8 Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology kn-affil= en-keyword=Cut190 variant kn-keyword=Cut190 variant en-keyword=PET hydrolase kn-keyword=PET hydrolase en-keyword=Micronization kn-keyword=Micronization en-keyword=Milling kn-keyword=Milling en-keyword=PET package kn-keyword=PET package en-keyword=PET bottle kn-keyword=PET bottle END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=629 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=238 end-page=244 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Acidic layer-enhanced nanoconfinement of anions in cylindrical pore of single-walled carbon nanotube en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The adsorption of the nitrate ion by the cylindrical pore of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) was found to be aided by an acidic adsorbed layer. Adsorbed water in the vicinity of the pore wall can supply protons through ionization, forming the acidic layer, according to Raman spectra and results of solution pH fluctuations caused by ion species adsorption. Such an acidic adsorbed layer leads to surplus adsorption of anionic species where the adsorbed amount of nitrate ions is much larger than that of cations. Also, we could observe the Raman bands being assignable to the symmetrical stretching mode at an extremely highfrequency region for nano-restricted nitrate ions compared to any other bulk phases. The abnormal band shift of adsorbed nitrate ions indicates that the nitrate ions are confined in the pore under the effects of nanoconfinement by the pore and the strong interaction with the acidic layer in the pore. Our results warn that we have to construct the adsorption model of aqueous electrolytes confined in carbon pores by deliberating the acid layer formed by the adsorbed water. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhkuboTakahiro en-aut-sei=Ohkubo en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayasuHiroki en-aut-sei=Nakayasu en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiYuki en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeyasuNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Takeyasu en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaYasushige en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Yasushige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Proton kn-keyword=Proton en-keyword=Nitrate ion kn-keyword=Nitrate ion en-keyword=Adsorption kn-keyword=Adsorption en-keyword=Confinement kn-keyword=Confinement en-keyword=Micropore kn-keyword=Micropore en-keyword=Nanospace kn-keyword=Nanospace END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=971 end-page=974 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220905 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Polyiodide Production Triggered by Acidic Phase of Aqueous Solution Confined in Carbon Nanospace en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Polyiodide species were synthesized by the acceleration of an acidic environment in the nanospace of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) with light irradiation. Raman and EXAFS results strongly support the production of polyiodide species after the adsorption of CsI on SWCNT from aqueous solution. Interestingly, the reaction was initiated by the nano-confined acidic phase formed in a basic environment. The acidic phase plays an essential role as an oxidant for the production of the diiodine that is a source of polyiodide. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhkuboTakahiro en-aut-sei=Ohkubo en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiranoYuri en-aut-sei=Hirano en-aut-mei=Yuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayasuHiroki en-aut-sei=Nakayasu en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaYasushige en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Yasushige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Single-wall carbon nanotube kn-keyword=Single-wall carbon nanotube en-keyword=Adsorption kn-keyword=Adsorption en-keyword=Polyiodide kn-keyword=Polyiodide END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=405 end-page=409 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=2022318 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Dense immobilization of gold nanoparticles onto a cotton textile for obtaining plasmonic heating en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Cotton textiles with plasmonic functions were obtained by dense immobilization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) performed by reduction of tetrachoroaurate (III) ion electrostatically adsorbed on the cotton fibers. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) adsorbed on the cotton fibers supports dense adsorption of tetrachloroaurate (III) ions, and the subsequent reduction with trisodium citrate provides dense AuNPs. The resulting cotton textile immobilized with AuNPs performed heating by irradiation of continuous visible light based on a plasmonic photothermal effect. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaNobuko en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Nobuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=30 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220207 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mitigation of groundwater iron-induced clogging by low-cost bioadsorbent in open loop geothermal heat pump systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Green energy production from natural resources can reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and pollutants from burning of fossil fuels in power plants. Recently, groundwater geothermal energy (GGE) is harnessed by deploying closed- and open-loop heat systems. In open-loop geothermal heat pump systems (OLGHPS), groundwater is reinjected into aquifer after harnessing GGE. Nevertheless, OLGHPS face noxious clogging issue because of elusive chemistry (corrosion or precipitation) of chemical species, principally of iron (Fe), in pipes and aquifers during reinjection process via oxidation reactions. Plethora of filtering materials are available for removal of ions, but these are quite expensive and environmentally unsafe. More recently, low-cost, eco-friendly, green filtering materials gain much interest. These materials can remove ions from groundwater that can minimize clogging in heat exchange systems, injection wells, and aquifer. In the present study, three filtering materials, i.e., wooden charcoal (biomaterial), yamazuna fine sand, and volcanic ash, were tested to estimate their Fe removal capacity. In upward flow mode with minimum oxygen-water contact, serial column (each with 6 ports) experiments were conducted under constant pressure head and constant velocity conditions. Columns were connected to well water having dissolved Fe concentration of 10.85 mg L-1. Sampling was done at the well, column inlets, column's six sampling ports and column outlets, and samples were analyzed for Fe by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Related tested parameters include pH, EC, temperature, turbidity, porosity, particle diameter, and dissolved oxygen. Volcanic ash showed less Fe removal, while sand filter showed substantial reduction in velocity. Biomaterial (wooden charcoal) displayed higher Fe adsorption capacity compared to other materials that can be ascribed to its surface chemistry and functional groups. Under different flow rates, maximum Fe content of 3.5 g Fe kg(-1) dry charcoal was obtained. By considering a safety factor and influence of groundwater composition, it is possible to design a biomaterial-based iron filter system to minimize Fe-induced chemical clogging in OLGHPS which is an eco-friendly, green energy source. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujitaClaudia en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Claudia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkhtarM. Shahbaz en-aut-sei=Akhtar en-aut-mei=M. Shahbaz kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidakaRay en-aut-sei=Hidaka en-aut-mei=Ray kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishigakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nishigaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Geo‑Environmental Evaluation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Design and Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Geo‑Environmental Evaluation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Design and Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Geo‑Environmental Evaluation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Design and Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Geo‑Environmental Evaluation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Design and Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Dissolved iron removal kn-keyword=Dissolved iron removal en-keyword=Chemical clogging kn-keyword=Chemical clogging en-keyword=Open-loop geothermal systems kn-keyword=Open-loop geothermal systems en-keyword=Retention potential kn-keyword=Retention potential en-keyword=Wooden charcoal kn-keyword=Wooden charcoal END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=リン酸基の無機元素への吸着性はCAD/CAM用コンポジットブロックとレジンセメントとの接着強度に影響を与える kn-title=Phosphate group adsorption capacity of inorganic elements affects bond strength between CAD/CAM composite block and luting agent en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TokunagaEri en-aut-sei=Tokunaga en-aut-mei=Eri kn-aut-name=德永英里 kn-aut-sei=德永 kn-aut-mei=英里 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=838 end-page=846 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adsorption enhancement of nitrogen gas by atomically heterogeneous nanospace of boron nitride en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this study, porous boron nitride (p-BN) with hexagonal phase boron nitride (h-BN) pore walls was synthesized using high-temperature calcination. Negligible variation in pore-wall structure can be observed in powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles and infrared (IR) spectra. However, a highly stable p-BN with a stable pore structure even at 973 K under the oxidative conditions is obtained when synthesized at higher than 1573 K under nitrogen gas flow. For p-BN, this stability is obtained by generating h-BN microcrystals. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms at 77 K provide type-IV features and typical adsorption–desorption hysteresis, which suggests micropore and mesopore formation. Moreover, adsorption–desorption isotherms of Ar at 87 K are measured and compared with those of nitrogen. The relative adsorbed amount of nitrogen (i.e., the amount of nitrogen normalized by that of Ar at each relative pressure or adsorption potential value) on p-BN is considerably larger than that on microporous carbon at low-pressure regions, which suggests the existence of strong adsorption sites on the p-BN surface. In fact, the relative number of adsorbed nitrogen molecules to that of Ar on p-BN is, at most, 150%–200% larger than that on microporous carbon for the same adsorption potential state. Furthermore, additional adsorption enhancement to nitrogen between P/P0 = 10−5 and 10−3 can be observed for p-BN treated at 1673 K, which suggests the uniformly adsorbed layer formation of nitrogen molecules in the vicinity of a basal planar surface. Thus, unlike typical nanoporous sp2 carbons, p-BN materials have the potential to enhance adsorption for certain gas species because of their unique surface state. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KimuraJun en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhkuboTakahiro en-aut-sei=Ohkubo en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= NishinaYuta en-aut-sei= Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UritaKoki en-aut-sei=Urita en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaYasushige en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Yasushige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1135 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=99 end-page=106 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200827 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On-site analysis of paraquat using a completely portable photometric detector operated with small, rechargeable batteries en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This work describes a methodology that can be used to achieve on-site analysis of paraquat in water samples by using a miniaturized portable photometer consisting of a couple of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Paraquat produces a colored radical via a redox reaction with sodium dithionite, which is unstable against oxygen in solution. The steps taken to stabilize the reagent solution included control of the pH and the addition of organic solvents, but the most effective was the formation of an oil layer. Together, these steps stabilized the reagent solution for two days. An increase in the duration of reagent stability, however, is necessary in order to transport the reagent for on-site applications in remote locales. For the time being, an excess amount of solid sodium dithionite can be added directly to sample solutions because the unreacted dithionite shows no influence on absorbance of the paraquat radical. Orange LEDs with a maximum emission wavelength of 609 nm were employed in the portable photometer to measure the absorbance of paraquat radical produced by a redox reaction that has an absorption maximum of 603 nm. The developed photometer showed excellent performance with a linear range of from 2.0 mg L−1 to 40.0 mg L−1 and a linear regression (r2 = 1). The limits of detection and quantification were 0.5 mg L−1 and 1.5 mg L−1, respectively, intra-day precision (n = 3) and inter-day precision (n = 5) were both less than 5%, and accuracy based on the percentage of sample recovery ranged from 89 ± 0 to 105 ± 0% (n = 3). The proposed method was applied to the analysis of paraquat in water samples taken from rice fields. The results showed no paraquat in all thirteen samples, which could have been due to strong adsorption of paraquat by soil particles and/or to complications with the sampling conditions. To confirm the adsorption onto soil of paraquat contained in water, we constructed an artificial rice field where water containing paraquat was impounded above the soil layer. The results showed that paraquat in water gradually decreased within three days and could be measured in the soil on the fourth day. These results were confirmed by HPLC analysis, which underscores the utility of this portable photometer for the on-site monitoring of paraquat in water samples. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SeetasangSasikarn en-aut-sei=Seetasang en-aut-mei=Sasikarn kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanetaTakashi en-aut-sei=Kaneta en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Light-emitting diode kn-keyword=Light-emitting diode en-keyword=Paraquat kn-keyword=Paraquat en-keyword=Portable photometric detector kn-keyword=Portable photometric detector en-keyword=Rice field kn-keyword=Rice field en-keyword=Sodium dithionite kn-keyword=Sodium dithionite en-keyword=Thailand kn-keyword=Thailand END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=298 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1273 end-page=1281 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200717 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Flow synthesis of monodisperse micron-sized polymer particles by heterogeneous polymerization using a water-in-oil slug flow with a non-ionic surfactant en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Flow synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) particles was performed by heterogeneous polymerization of methyl methacrylate using a water-in-oil (W/O) slug flow with or without a non-ionic surfactant in the continuous organic phase. It was found that undesired phenomena in this polymerization system, clogging of the channel and broadening particle size distribution, can occur when growing polymer particles adsorb to the W/O interface during polymerization, and that the addition of non-ionic surfactant to the continuous organic phase prevents the particles from adsorption to the W/O interface and gives monodisperse polymer particles. In addition, it was shown that as the initiator concentration increases, the particle diameter becomes larger, resulting in monodisperse micron-sized polymer particles with 100% monomer conversion at a 120-min reaction time. These results indicated that the heterogeneous polymerization process using a W/O slug flow can be a promising way to continuously prepare monodisperse polymer particles with micron sizes in a short reaction time. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaritaKengo en-aut-sei=Karita en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Microreactor kn-keyword=Microreactor en-keyword=Heterogeneous polymerization kn-keyword=Heterogeneous polymerization en-keyword=Slug flow kn-keyword=Slug flow en-keyword=Monodisperse kn-keyword=Monodisperse en-keyword=Micron-sized particle kn-keyword=Micron-sized particle END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=30 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200317 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Concentration of meteoritic free organic matter by fluid transport and adsorption en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Carbonaceous chondrites contain many abiotic organic compounds, some of which are found in life on Earth. Both the mineral and organic matter phases, of these meteorites, have been affected by aqueous alteration processes. Whilst organic matter is known to be associated with phyllosilicate phases, no such relationship has yet been identified for specific organic compound classes. Furthermore, ongoing sample return missions, Hyabusa 2 and OSIRIS-Rex, are set to return potentially organic rich C-type asteroid samples to the Earth. Consequently, strategies to investigate organic-mineral relationships are required. Here we report spatial data for free/soluble organic matter (FOM/SOM) components (akylimidazole and alkylpyridine homologues) and mineral phases. Low and intermediate molecular weight alkylimidazole homologues are more widely distributed than higher molecular weight members, likely due to their affinity for the aqueous phase. On aqueous alteration of anhydrous mineral phases, transported FOM is adsorbed onto the surface or into the interlayers of the resulting phyllosilicates and thus concentrated and protected from oxidising fluids. Therefore, aiding the delivery of biologically relevant molecules to earth, shortly preceding the origin of life. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PotiszilC. en-aut-sei=Potiszil en-aut-mei=C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaR. en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaT. en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunihiroT. en-aut-sei=Kunihiro en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiK. en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name= NakamuraE. en-aut-sei= Nakamura en-aut-mei=E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Pheasant Memorial Laboratory, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Pheasant Memorial Laboratory, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Pheasant Memorial Laboratory, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Pheasant Memorial Laboratory, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Pheasant Memorial Laboratory, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Pheasant Memorial Laboratory, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=carbonaceous chondrites kn-keyword=carbonaceous chondrites en-keyword=free organic matter kn-keyword=free organic matter en-keyword=adsorption kn-keyword=adsorption en-keyword=geochromatographic separation kn-keyword=geochromatographic separation en-keyword=DESI-OT-MS kn-keyword=DESI-OT-MS en-keyword=Raman spectroscopy kn-keyword=Raman spectroscopy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=179 end-page=184 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20181210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Chromatographic paper-based analytical devices using an oxidized paper substrate en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= A novel detection scheme using chromatographic retention was proposed for paper-based analytical devices (PADs). Using a wax printer and an ink-jet printer, the PADs consisted of a straight-flow channel, a circular sample zone, and a band of brilliant green (BG) printed at the connection between the sample zone and the flow channel. When a constant volume of a sample solution was applied to the sample zone, the BG band formed a colored bar along the flow channel that marked the adsorption and desorption of the paper substrate according to the principles of chromatography. If the sample solution contained an anionic complex of boric acid with chromotropic acid, the anionic complex enhanced desorption of the BG from the paper substrate via the formation of an ion-pair with the BG, which resulted in an elongated colored bar. Fundamental equations for the retention behavior of the BG on the PADs were derived using a model based on chromatographic principles and ion-pairing formation. A retardation factor, Rf, was correlated with the concentration of boric acid contained in the sample solutions. To enhance the adsorption of the BG, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl was used to oxidize the paper substrate. The oxidized paper substrate shortened the colored bar of a blank solution and formed a clear boundary for the color. When the analytical conditions were optimized for pH and the concentration of chromotropic acid, the PAD permitted the measurement of boric acid for a concentration ranging from 0.3 to 3 mM. The proposed model was validated when the fitting curve was calculated using the derived equations, which resulted in good agreement with the experimental data. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HashimotoYuki en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanetaTakashi en-aut-sei=Kaneta en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=315 end-page=323 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201908 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Construction and Characterization of a PGN_0297 Mutant of Porphyromonas gingivalis: Evidence of the Contribution of PGN_0297 to Gingipain Activity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis shows colonial pigmentation on blood agar and produces gingipains (Kgp, RgpA, and RgpB), cysteine proteases involved in an organism’s virulence and pigmentation. We showed previously that deletion of the PGN_0300 gene abolished the pigmentation activity and reduced the proteolytic activity of gingipains. The role of the PGN_0297 gene, which consists of an operon with the PGN_0300 gene, is unclear. Herein we examined the effect of PGN_0297 gene deletion on the pigmentation and proteolytic activities and transcriptional levels of gingipains. A PGN_0297 gene deletion mutant (ΔPGN_0297) did not exhibit the pigmentation. The proteolytic activity of the gingipains was decreased in the culture supernatant and on the cell surface of ΔPGN_0297. The mutant ΔPGN_0297 failed to attenuate Akt phosphorylation at Thr308 and Ser473, but both phosphorylations were attenuated in the wild-type and its complementation strain. The deletion of PGN_0297 gene did not substantially affect the transcriptional levels of the gingipain genes kgp, rgpA, and rgpB. Taken together, these results indicate that PGN_0297 is closely involved in the secretion and maturation of gingipains. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OnoShintaro en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Shintaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaMasaaki en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TachibanaMasato en-aut-sei=Tachibana en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Abu Saleh Muhammad Shahriar en-aut-sei=Abu Saleh Muhammad Shahriar en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HelingWang en-aut-sei=Heling en-aut-mei=Wang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakashibaShogo en-aut-sei=Takashiba en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaNaoya en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Microbiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Microbiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Microbiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral Microbiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Microbiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=periodontitis kn-keyword=periodontitis en-keyword=Porphyromonas gingivalis kn-keyword=Porphyromonas gingivalis en-keyword=gingipain kn-keyword=gingipain en-keyword=C-terminal domain kn-keyword=C-terminal domain en-keyword=secretion system kn-keyword=secretion system END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=101 end-page=107 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201904 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Factors Affecting the Absorption of Midazolam to the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Circuit en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Sedatives are administered during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy to ensure patient safety, reduce the metabolic rate and correct the oxygen supply-demand balance. However, the concentrations of sedatives can be decreased due to absorption into the circuit. This study examined factors affecting the absorption of a commonly used sedative, midazolam (MDZ). Using multiple ex vivo simulation models, three factors that may influence MDZ levels in the ECMO circuit were examined: polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing in the circuit, use of a membrane oxygenator in the circuit, and heparin coating of the circuit. We also assessed changes in drug concentration when MDZ was re-injected in a circuit. The MDZ level decreased to approximately 60% of the initial concentration in simulated circuits within the first 30 minutes. The strongest factor in this phenomenon was contact with the PVC tubing. Membrane oxygenator use tended to increase MDZ loss, whereas heparin circuit coating had no influence on MDZ absorption. Similar results were obtained when a second dose of MDZ was injected to the second-use circuits. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IidaAtsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Atsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaAkane en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Akane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaTadashi en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiToru en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SendoToshiaki en-aut-sei=Sendo en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchibaShingo en-aut-sei=Ichiba en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Human Ecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Drug Safety Research Laboratories, Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Nihon University Itabashi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Emergency and Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=sedatives kn-keyword=sedatives en-keyword=ECMO kn-keyword=ECMO en-keyword=polyvinyl chloride kn-keyword=polyvinyl chloride en-keyword=pharmacokinetics kn-keyword=pharmacokinetics en-keyword=pharmacodynamics kn-keyword=pharmacodynamics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20170929 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=金属表面へのタンパク質吸着に対する外部電場の影響とその酵素洗浄への応用 kn-title=Impact of external electric field on protein adsorption onto metal surface and the application to enzymatic cleaning en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Ei Ei Htwe en-aut-sei=Ei Ei Htwe en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Tchnology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20150620 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adsorption and removal of strontium in aqueous solution by synthetic hydroxyapatite en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a main mineral constituent of bone and tooth and has an outstanding biocompatibility. HAP is a possible sorbent for heavy metals in wastewater due to its high adsorption capacity and low water solubility. We developed a removal system of 90Sr from aqueous solution by HAP column procedure. More than 90 % of 90Sr was adsorbed and removed from the 90Sr containing solution. Divalent cations, Ca2+, had little effect on the removal of 90Sr up to a concentration of 1 mmol L−1. This clearly indicates that the HAP column technique is advantageous with respect to the capacity to adsorb 90Sr from water present in the environment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiyamaYuichi en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HanafusaTadashi en-aut-sei=Hanafusa en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaJun en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoko en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoToshiro en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Radiation Research, Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Radiation Research, Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Radiation Research, Advanced Science Research Center, Okayama University en-keyword=Strontium kn-keyword=Strontium en-keyword=Hydroxyapatite kn-keyword=Hydroxyapatite en-keyword=Adsorption kn-keyword=Adsorption en-keyword=Desorption kn-keyword=Desorption en-keyword=Divalent cation kn-keyword=Divalent cation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=122 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=240 end-page=245 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=201405 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Speciation of arsenic in a thermoacidophilic iron-oxidizing archaeon, Acidianus brierleyi, and its culture medium by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy combined with flow injection pretreatment using an anion-exchange mini-column en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The thermoacidophilic iron-oxidizing archaeon Acidianus brierleyi is a microorganism that could be useful in the removal of inorganic As from wastewater, because it simultaneously oxidizes As(III) and Fe(II) to As(V) and Fe(III) in an acidic culture medium, resulting in the immobilization of As(V) as FeAsO4. To investigate the oxidation mechanism, speciation of the As species in both the cells and its culture media is an important issue. Here we describe the successive determination of As(III), As(V), and total As in A. brierleyi and its culture medium via a facile method based on inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP–OES) with a flow injection pretreatment system using a mini-column packed with an anion-exchange resin. The flow-injection pretreatment system consisted of a syringe pump, a selection valve, and a switching valve, which were controlled by a personal computer. Sample solutions with the pH adjusted to 5 were flowed into the mini-column to retain the anionic As(V), whereas As(III) was introduced into ICP–OES with no adsorption on the mini-column due to its electrically neutral form. An acidic solution (1 M HNO3) was then flowed into the mini-column to elute As(V) followed by ICP–OES measurement. The same sample was also subjected to ICP–OES without being passed through the mini-column in order to determine the total amounts of As(III) and As(V). The method was verified by comparing the results of the total As with the sum of As(III) and As(V). The calibration curves showed good linearity with limits of detection of 158, 86, and 211 ppb for As(III), As(V), and total As, respectively. The method was successfully applicable to the determination of the As species contained in the pellets of A. brierleyi and their culture media. The results suggested that the oxidation of As(III) was influenced by the presence of Fe(II) in the culture medium, i.e., Fe(II) enhanced the oxidation of As(III) in A. brierleyi. In addition, we found that no soluble As species was contained in the cell pellets and more than 60% of the As(III) in the culture medium was oxidized by A. brierleyi after a 6-day incubation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HigashidaniNaoki en-aut-sei=Higashidani en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanetaTakashi en-aut-sei=Kaneta en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeyasuNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Takeyasu en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkibeNaoko en-aut-sei=Okibe en-aut-mei=Naoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiKeiko en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University en-keyword=Thermoacidophilic iron-oxidizing archaeon kn-keyword=Thermoacidophilic iron-oxidizing archaeon en-keyword=Acidianus brierleyi kn-keyword=Acidianus brierleyi en-keyword=Arsenic kn-keyword=Arsenic en-keyword=Speciation kn-keyword=Speciation en-keyword=Inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy kn-keyword=Inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy en-keyword=Flow injection pretreatment kn-keyword=Flow injection pretreatment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=19 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=201402 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Evaluation of Tree Barks and their Hybrid Materials with Hydrophilic Polymers as Adsorbents for Heavy Metal Ions kn-title=スギ，ヒノキ樹皮及び樹皮—透水性ポリマー複合材料の重金属イオン吸着能評価 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The radioactive pollutions in environment caused by the accident of atomic power plants in Fukushima, Japan, is still serious and rapid measures to the severe problem is required. It is well known that various biomass have adsorption ability for toxic metal ions from aqueous media. We have evaluated the adsorption ability of the bark of Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa, and their hybrid materials with hydrophilic polymers, for cesium, strontium, and other heavy metal ions. As the results, these materials are useful as adsorbents for a water and soil purification system. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshikawaTeruhiko en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Teruhiko kn-aut-name=石川彰彦 kn-aut-sei=石川 kn-aut-mei=彰彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaShyota en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Shyota kn-aut-name=片山翔太 kn-aut-sei=片山 kn-aut-mei=翔太 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaokaTatsuya en-aut-sei=Kitaoka en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name=北岡達也 kn-aut-sei=北岡 kn-aut-mei=達也 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IgamiShinya en-aut-sei=Igami en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name=居上真也 kn-aut-sei=居上 kn-aut-mei=真也 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoKatsuhito en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Katsuhito kn-aut-name=伊藤勝仁 kn-aut-sei=伊藤 kn-aut-mei=勝仁 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=株式会社アイセロ en-keyword=cesium kn-keyword=cesium en-keyword=strontium kn-keyword=strontium en-keyword=metal ion kn-keyword=metal ion en-keyword=adsorption kn-keyword=adsorption en-keyword=radioactivity kn-keyword=radioactivity en-keyword=tree barks kn-keyword=tree barks END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120927 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=アニオン界面活性剤の火山灰土への吸着と相互作用に関する基礎的研究 kn-title=Fundamental Study on Adsorption and Interaction of Anionic Surfactant and Volcanic Ash Soil en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AhmedFarook en-aut-sei=Ahmed en-aut-mei=Farook kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=20 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=201212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Evaluation of Fiber Crops as Adsorption Materials for Cesium and Strontium Ions kn-title=植物繊維類のセシウム及びストロンチウムイオン吸着能評価 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=After the accident of atomic power plants in Fukushima, Japan, the removal of radioactive materials released to environment is most important task and rapid response to the severe problem is required. It is well known that various biomass have adsorption ability for toxic metal ions from aqueous media. We have evaluated the adsorption ability of many fiber crops for cesium and strontium ions. As the results, several fiber crops have considerable ability for the adsorption of such metal ions and are useful for a water and soil purification system in large scale. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshikawaTeruhiko en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Teruhiko kn-aut-name=石川彰彦 kn-aut-sei=石川 kn-aut-mei=彰彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshimotoAya en-aut-sei=Ishimoto en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name=石本彩 kn-aut-sei=石本 kn-aut-mei=彩 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizushimaShiho en-aut-sei=Mizushima en-aut-mei=Shiho kn-aut-name=水島志穂 kn-aut-sei=水島 kn-aut-mei=志穂 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=cesium kn-keyword=cesium en-keyword=strontium kn-keyword=strontium en-keyword=adsorption kn-keyword=adsorption en-keyword=radioactivity kn-keyword=radioactivity en-keyword=fiber crops kn-keyword=fiber crops END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=57 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=163 end-page=167 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101012 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hydrophobic Silicone Elastomer Chamber for Recording Trajectories of Motile Porcine Sperms without Adsorption en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Motile porcine sperms adhere to hydrophilic materials such as glass and plastics. The adsorption of sperms to a hydrophobic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membrane is less compared with that to glass. We investigated the linear velocity (LV) and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALHD) of motile porcine sperm on glass and PDMS preparations using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). Significant decreases were observed in the 15-min LV (P<0.05) and ALHD (P<0.05) in motile porcine sperm on glass preparations compared with those on PDMS preparations. These differences were due to adsorption of the head and/or neck to hydrophilic substrates. Because of the elasticity of PDMS, we propose that a PDMS membrane should be used for CASA. To investigate the dynamics of motile porcine sperms with microfluidics, we do not recommend plasma treatment to bond PDMS and glass in the microchannel preparation; instead, we suggest that a PDMS molding process without plasma treatment be used for preparation of microfluidic channels. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuuraKoji en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaYuka en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunahashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Funahashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Core for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama University en-keyword=Adsorption kn-keyword=Adsorption en-keyword=Porcine sperm motility kn-keyword=Porcine sperm motility en-keyword=Silicone elastomer kn-keyword=Silicone elastomer en-keyword=Trajectories kn-keyword=Trajectories END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120323 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=大気中のベンゼンを除去するための活性炭の調製法に関する研究 kn-title=Preparation of activated carbons for benzene adsorption from air en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AndreiVeksha en-aut-sei=Andrei en-aut-mei=Veksha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=393 article-no= start-page=547 end-page=572 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1922 dt-pub=19221031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Elektrische Untersuchung der Nervenlipoide in Bezug auf die beriberiähnliche Krank=heit der Hühner und die Beriberi des Menschen en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Alkoholische Extraktlipoide von den Nn. ischiadici der Hühner wer=den mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung langsam verdünnt. Das so er=haltene Emulsoid enthält zahllose Teilchen, welche ich kurz Lipoidteil=chen nenne, obwohl sie ausser Lipoiden noch ein wenig Eiweiss u. a. enthalten. Die katohoretische Untersuchung dieser Teilchen unter dem Mikroskop ergibt foendes: 1) Alkoholische Extraktlipoidteilchen von den Nn. ischiadici der Hüh=ner, die infolge einseitiger Fütterung mit geschältem, kleiefreiem Reis an einer beriberiähnlichen Krankheit litten, besitzen eine grössere ne=gative Ladung als diejenigen von normalen Hühnernerven. 2) Das Serum der erkrankten Hühner vermindert nur wenig die negative Ladung der Nervenlipoidteilchen, während dasjenige der gesunden Hühner eine starke Wirkung hat, die Ladung zu vermindern. 3) Dieselbe Wirkung hat ebenfalls eine gewisse Substanz des wässeri=gen Reiskleieextraktes oder des Kleiepräparates "Oryzanin," welche elektrisch positiv geladen, aber von Wasserstoffionen unabhängig ist. 4) Das alkoholische Nervenlipoidemulsoid der an der beriberiähnlichen Krankheit leidenden Hühner enthält Wasserstoffionen in höherer Kon=zentration und hat eine grössere Kraft, Säure zu neutralisieren, als das der gesunden Tiere. 5) Nach Kato, Shizume und Maki wird die beriberiähnliche Krank=heit der Vögel dadurch hervorgerufen, dass die Adsorption der Was=serstoffionen an den Nerven zunimmt. Im Einklang mit dieser Ansicht kann ich festellen, dass die in der Reiskleie enthaltene und gegen die beriberiähnliche Krankheit der Vögel und wahrscheinlich auch gegen die Beriberi des Menschen günstig wirkende Substanz die negative Ladung der Nervenlipoidteilchen stark herabsetzt. Die Affinität zwi=schen der betreffenden Substanz und den Nervenlipoiden muss sehr stark sein, weil diese Wirkung durch verschieden starke Konzentration der Wasserstoffionen im Medium kaum beeinflusst wird, und selbst eine ganz geringe Menge der genannten Substanz die Ladung der Lipoid=teilchen stark vermindert. Auf Grund dieser Tatsachen bin ich zu der Auffassung gekommen, dass die wirksame Substanz in der Reiskleie bei den an der Hakumai-Krankheit leidenden Vögeln oder beim Beri=berikranken auf das Nervensystem so wirkt, dass sich die gesteigerte negative Ladung der Nervenlipoide vermindert, und dass dadurch die von den Nerven stark adsorbierten Wasserstoffionen mehr oder weniger aus den Nervenfasern vertrieben werden, was die Hauptursache der Besserung der Krankheit zu sein scheint. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekiMasaji en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Masaji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=anatomischen Institut der medizinischen Fakultät zu Okayama END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=438 article-no= start-page=744 end-page=754 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1926 dt-pub=19260731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=白血球脂肪分解酵素ニ就テ kn-title=Ueber die Leucocytenlipase en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=白血球ハ脂肪分解酵素ヲ含ミ膵脂肪分解酵素ノ如ク「水酸化アルミニウム」又ハ「白陶土」ニヨリ容易ニ吸着セラレ「燐酸アムモン」ニヨリテ再ビ分離セラル. 白血球脂肪分解酵素及ビ前述ノ吸着方法ニテ精製セラレタル脂肪分解酵素ノ作用ハ「ヒヨール酸」及ビ「デゾオキシヒヨール酸」ニヨリテ促進セラレ而モ後者ハ前者ヨリ遙ニ其ノ作用強シ. kn-abstract=1) Die Leucocyten des Kaninchens besitzen lipolytische Kraft. 2) Die Leucocytenlipase erwies sich als durch Cholsäure und Desoxycholsäure aktivierbar und zwar wirkte die Desoxycholsäure viel stärker als die Cholsäure auf die Leucocytenlipase. Dadurch ist erwiesen, dass die Leucocytenlipase sich gegenüber den Gallensäuren genau wie Pankreaslipase verhalte. 3) Die Leucocytenlipase lässt sich aus Glycerinauszügen sowohl durch Aluminium-hydroxyd wie auch durch Kaolin leicht adsorbieren. 4) Die durch Kaolin und Tonerde adsorbierte Leucocytenlipase lässt sich alkalisches Phosphat eluieren und in der Elution sind schon nach einmaliger Adsorption die Lipasen konzentrierter als im Glycerinauszug nachweisbar. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShodaMasato en-aut-sei=Shoda en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name=正田政人 kn-aut-sei=正田 kn-aut-mei=政人 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=physiologisch-chemischen Institut zu Okayama END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=437 article-no= start-page=611 end-page=632 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1926 dt-pub=19260630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=諸種吸着相ニ因ル毒物吸着ノ生物學的研究 kn-title=Biological studies on the adsorption of drugs wrought by various kinds of adsorbents en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=炭類ガ著明ナル吸着作用ヲ有スルコトハ甚ダ舊キ時代ヨリ知ラレタル事實ニシテ, 之レガ治療的應用ハ既ニ埃及時代ヨリ試ミラレタルガ如シ. 而シテ炭類ノ吸着作用ニ就テ, 科學的ニ藥物學的研究ヲ行ヒタルハWichowskiヲ以テ嚆矢トナス. 輓近丹村氏ハ血炭及ビ木炭ノ毒物吸着ニ關スル生物學的研究ヲ發表セリ. 余ハ摘出家兎腸管, 子宮及ビ蛙心ニ於テ, 骨炭ノ外, 白陶土, 滑石, 硫酸「バリウム」及ビ「アラビアゴム」ヲ吸着相トシ, 種々ノ毒物吸着作用ニ關スル生物學的研究ヲ行ヒ, 大要次ノ如キ結論ヲ得タリ. 物理學上吸着相トシテ知ラレタル骨炭, 白陶土, 滑石, 硫酸「バリウム」及ビ「アラビアゴム」ハ生物學的實驗ニ於テモ亦其吸着現象ニヨリ解毒作用ヲ呈スルヲ認メ, 且夫等吸着相ノ諸種毒物ニ對スル吸着ノ量的關係ヲ明ラカニスルコトヲ得タリ. 如上ノ諸吸着相ハ, 毒物ノ營養液中ニ溶解セルモノハ勿論, 既ニ臟器組織内ニ侵入セルモノヲモ尚良ク吸着脱取シテ其作用ヲ消失セシム. 而シテ其際吸着セラレ得ベキ毒物最大量ハ兩者ノ場合ニ於テ殆ンド差異ヲ呈セズ. 各吸着相ノ吸着能力ヲ比較スルニ, 骨炭ハ其力最モ顯著ニシテ白陶土, 滑石及ビ「アラビアゴム」ハ其力著シク劣リ, 硫酸「バリウム」ニ至リテハ其力微弱ニシテ骨炭ト比較ス可クモアラズ. 同一吸着相ニ吸着セラルル毒物ノ量ハ, 其種類ニヨリテ大差アルヲ認メタリ. 余ノ實驗成績ニ據レバ一定量ノ吸着相ニ吸着セラルル毒物量ハ, 濃度ヲ増スニ從ツテ比較的減少スルヲ見タリ. 之ハ物理學的實驗ト全ク一致スル所ナルガ, 例外トシテ「ビロカルビン」及ビ「ストロフアンチン」ハ之レニ反シテ濃度ヲ増セバ被吸着量ハ吸着相増加トノ比例以上ニ増加スルヲ認メタリ. 本實驗ニ於テ吸着作用ハ頗ル迅速ニ起ルヲ見, Freundlichノ凡テ吸着現象ハ極メテ迅速ニ現ハレ數秒ニシテ一定ノ平衡状態ニ達ス, ト云ヘル事實ニ一致スルヲ認メタリ. 即チ營養液中ニ第一次吸着相ヲ, 第二次毒物ヲ注加スルトキハ, 毒物ハ直チニ吸着セラレテ其作用ハ全ク表ハレザルカ, 或ハ現ハルルモ甚ダ微弱ニシテ直チニ正常ニ恢復スルヲ見ル. 之レニ反シ, 第一次毒物ヲ注加シ其作用ヲ臟器ニ及ボシタル後, 第二次吸着相ヲ加ヘ其毒物ヲ吸着脱取セシメテ臟器ノ官能ヲ恢復セシムルニハ, 毒物ノ種類ニヨリテ著シク時間的差異アルヲ見ル. 「ビロカルビン」「アドレナリン」及ビ「コカイン」等ニ對シテハ容易ニ其官能ヲ恢復セシメ得ルモ, 「ストロフアンチン」ノ如キ「デイギタリス」屬ノ通有性トシテ組織ト堅ク結合スル毒物ニ對シテハ, 臟器ノ官能ヲ恢復セシムルニ甚ダ長時間ヲ要スルヲ認メタリ. 實驗方法トシテ, 吸着相ノ器底ニ沈滯スルヲ防ギ可及的平等ニ營養液中ニ浮遊セシメンガ爲四本ノ通氣嘴管ト一個ノ攪拌器トヲ設ケタルガ, 甚好成績ヲ收メ得タリ. 上述各吸着相特ニ骨炭ノ如キ吸着作用顯著ナルモノハ, 解毒ヲ目的トスル治療的應用ニ向ツテ効果確實ナル可キハ勿論ナレドモ, 爾他ノ吸着相ノ如キ吸着能力比較的微弱ナルモノト雖モ, 之レヲ他ノ藥物ト併用スルニ際シテハ, 其作用ヲ減弱乃至遲延セシムル虞アルハ實地上看過ス可カラザル事實ナリト云フ可シ. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiYoshio en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name=高橋昌夫 kn-aut-sei=高橋 kn-aut-mei=昌夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Pharmacological Department of Okayama Medical College END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1123 end-page=1132 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1927 dt-pub=19270831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Biologische Untersuchung über die Adsorption der Gifte durch Adsorbin, Kieselgur und Kaolin kn-title=吸著相ニ由ル毒物吸著ノ生物學的研究追補「アドゾルビン」硅藻土及ビ「カオリン」ノ實驗 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Im Anschluss an meine frühere Mitteilung über die vergleichende Untersuchung verschiedener Adsorbentien stellte ich weiter die gleichen Versuche mit Adsorbin, ein neues Adsorbens aus "Acid-earth", mit Kieselgur und Kaolin an. Als Versuchsobjekt wurde der ausgeschnittene Kaninchendünndarm gewählt, der nach Magnusscher Methode suspensiert wurde. Als Gifte, die durch die Adsorbentien adsorbiert werden sollten, wurden Pilocarpin, Cocain, Adrenalin, Strychnin und Strophanthin verwandt. 1. Diese drei Adsorbentia sind, wie Tierkohle u. s. w. imstande, die Wirkung der Alkaloide und Glykoside, die der Nährlösung zugesetzt werden, vollständig zu hemmen, ja sogar die schon mit dem Gewebe verbundenen Gifte zu entziehen und somit die Funktion des betreffenden Organs in kurzer Zeit wiederherzustellen. 2. Hinsichtlich des Adsorptionsvermögens gegenüber den obigen Giften ragt das Adorbin unter den anderen zwei hervor, dann kommt das Kieselgur und das Kaolin ist am schwächsten. 3. Die Adsorbierbarkeit der Gifte für eine Grammeinheit dieser Adsorbentien ist dabei je nach der Art verschieden. Unter den untersuchten Giften ist sie beim Strychnin und Cocain im allgemeinen gross, während Adrenalin, Strophanthin und besonders Pilocarpin schwer adsorbierbar sind. 4. Das Adsorbin, das unter den drei Adsorbentien am stärksten ist, zeigt im Vergleich zu Tierkohle ein noch viel geringeres Adsoptionsvermögen selbst gegenüber dem Strychnin, das am meisten adsorbiert wird (< 1/2). Da aber dieses Mittel ein schwereres Pulver darstellt (1:2.43) als Tierkohle ist, so muss die Kleinheit seines Volumens samt seinem angenehmen Aussehen bei der praktischen Anwendung von Vorteil sein. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiYoshio en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name=高橋昌夫 kn-aut-sei=高橋 kn-aut-mei=昌夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學藥物學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=447 article-no= start-page=545 end-page=569 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1927 dt-pub=19270430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Ueber die Säurefuchsinfärbung. Ihre theoretische Bemerkung, besonders mit Rücksicht auf das Bindegewebe kn-title=酸性「フクシン」染色ニ就テ特ニ結締組織染色ノ學理的觀察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Das Säurefuchsin (Grübler) ist ein Gemisch von farbigem Rosanilin-Pararosanilintrisulfosaurem Natrium-Ammonium und seiner farblosen Base. 2. Das erstere enthält eine chinoide Gruppe , welche in der letzteren nicht vorhanden ist. 3. Die gewöhnlich zur histologischen Färbung gebrauchte Säurefuchsinlösung dürfte dem spontanen, reversibelen, elektrolyt-unempfindlichen, hydrophilen Kolloid (L. Michaelis) entsprechen, weil sie ultramikroskopisch kein Teilchen zeigt, d. h. sich wie eine echte Lösung verhält, und weder bei Alkalisierung noch durch Säurezusatz Niederschläge entstehen lässt. 4. Die verdünnte Säurefuchsinlösung, welche mit einem CO2-freien destillierten Wasser zubereitet ist, reagiert auf Säure und Alkali sehr empfindlich. 5. Es wird beim Ansäuern der Säurefuchsinlösung das Tieferwerden des Farbentons kolorimetrisch konstatiert, und das Phenomen lässt sich auf die Umwandlung der farblosen Base in die farbige Farbsäure zurückführen. 6. Die Säurefuchsinlösung wird durch Ansäuern nicht nur tiefer gefärbt, sondern auch sie zeigt dabei Steigerung des Diffusionsvermögens; der Alkalizusatz bewirkt gerade das Gegenteil. 7. Die Oberflächenspannung der Säurefuchsinlösung verändert sich nicht durch Zusatz von Säure oder Alkali. 8. CO(2) ebenso wie andere starke Säure erhö den Farbenton der Säurefuchsinlösung. 9. Bei der Verfertigung der mit Säurefuchsin gefärbten Dauerpräparate muss man darauf Rücksicht nehmen, dass die Säurefuchsinlösung sowohl gegen die schwache Säure, wie CO(2), als auch gegen den aus dem Glas stammenden Minimalalkaligehalt sehr empfindlich ist. 10. Dass das Bindegewebe eine Neigung hat, sich leicht mit CO(2) zu verbinden, und dadurch seine Färbung mit Säurefuchsin starkt erhöht, wurde experimental nachgewiesen. 11. Nach P. G. Unna soll das acidophile Gewebe infolge seiner alkalischen Reaktion eine grosse Affinität zu saueren Farbstoffen haben. Er glaubt, dass das Bindegewebe sich wegen seines grösseren Gehaltes an basischen Aminosäuren mit Säurefuchsin leicht färben lässt. Aber auf Grund der Tatsache, dass die wässerige Lösung des Säurefuchsins durch Ansäuern ihre Tingierungskraft vermehrt, hat sich Verf. im schroffen Gegensatz zu Unna und zugunsten der Kosakaschen Meinung geäussert, dass das Bindegewebe um seiner saueren Reaktion willen von Säurefuchsin leicht angegriffen werden dürfte. Verf. hat mittels einer verdünnten Säurefuchsinlösung konstatiert, dass das Bindegewebe tatsächlich eine saure oder wenigstens eine neutrale Reaktion hat, im Gegensatz zu anderen Geweben, z. B. Muskel und Gehirn, welche alkalisch und daher mit Säurefuchsin immer weniger färbbar sind als das Bindegewebe. Diese Reaktion des Bindegewebes ist wohl darauf zurückzuführen, dass CO(2) im lebenden Körper oder ausserhalb des Körpers basische Aminogruppen im Bindegewebe angreift und Karboxylgruppen entstehen lässt. 12. Der Vorgang der Säurefuchsinfärbung ist weder rein chemisch noch rein physikalisch, sondern er muss als Kombination beìder Prozesse betrachtet werden. Die Teilchen des Farbstoffes verankern sich dank der Adsorption zum Gewebe, und zwar unabhängig von der Elektrizität. Doch kommt dann die Reaktion d. h. Wasserstoffionenkonzentration des Gewebes in Betracht, indem die farblosen Moleküle des Farbstoffes sich durch die Wirkung der Säure in die farbigen verwandeln, während das Umgekehrte durch das Alkali bedingt wird. Dabei kann von der Tautomerisation keine Rede sein. 13. Auf demselben Grund beruht die Erhöhung der Färbungskraft der Säurefuchsinlösung durch den Säurezusatz, wobei die Veränderung der elektrischen Ladung des Gewebes keine Rolle spielt Auch die Verminderung der Löslichkeit und Dispersität des Farbstoffes kommt nicht in Frage; im Gegenteil macht die gleichzeitige Vergrösserung der Dispersität desselben sehr wahrcheinlich. Das Tieferwerden des Farbentons wird nur durch Verschiebung der Moleküle des Säurefuchsins zugunsten der farbigen hervorgerufen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuuraSukehiko en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Sukehiko kn-aut-name=松浦輔彦 kn-aut-sei=松浦 kn-aut-mei=輔彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學解剖學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=117 end-page=137 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1928 dt-pub=19280131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Ueber die Lithioncarminfärbung kn-title=「カルミン」染色ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Bei dieser Färbung spielt Salzsäurealkohol, welcher als Differenzierungsmittel gebraucht wird, keine einfache entfärbende Rolle im Gegensats zur gewöhnlichen regressiven Färbung, wobei das absichtlich überfärbte Präparat im Differenzierungsmittel bis zum Optimum der Färbung entfärbt wird. Im Falle der Lithioncarminfärbung findet die Adsorption des Farbstoffes auf den Schnitt erst dann statt, wenn man den letzteren in Salzsäurealkohol bringt, indem der Farbstoff aus seiner echten Lösung niederzuschlagen anfängt. Der gefällte Farbstoff wird in Salzsäurealkohol wieder aufgelöst und im Verlauf der geeigneten Zeit bringt eine elektive Kernfärbung mit sich. 2. Die Eigenschaft des Carmins ist mehr oder weniger verschieden je nach seiner Sorte, aber es ist im allgemeinen ganz unlöslich oder nur sehr schwerlöslich in Wasser, Alkohol und einer dünnen Säurelösung, während es sich in einer Alkohollösung der stark elektrolytischen metallischen und organischen Säuren relativ leicht und in einer alkalischen wasserigen Lösung wie Ammoniak -oder Lithiumcarbonatlösung sehr leicht auflöst. 3. Das Carmin ist kein Salz der Farbsäure, wie dies beim sauren Anilinfarbstoffe der Fall ist, sondern es stellt einen Aluminiumlack der Carminsäure dar, welcher in dünnen sauren oder alkalischen Lösungen keine chemische Veränderung erfährt. Indessen findet man bei der Carminfärbung manchmal eine Veränderung des Farbtons, was aber wahrscheinlich auf die Tautomerisation zurückzuführen ist. 4. Die Carminsäure gehört zu den Anthracenfarbstoffen, so dass sie als Beizenfarbstoff angesehen werden kann. 5. Bei der Lithioncarminfärbung wirkt Salzsäurealkohol auf die zweifache Weise u. z. erstens als Niederschlags-, zweitens als Auflösungsmittel, was die beste Färbung zur Folge hat. 6. Zum Lithioncarmin wurden verschiedene Reagenzien hinzugefügt, um Niederschlagsvorgänge zu untersuchen. Es stellt sich heraus, dass der Niederschlag erstens auf dem Wege der direkten Neutralisierung des alkalischen Lithioncarmins mit Säuren, zweitens durch das indirekte Neutralisieren der alkalischen Farblösung mit gewissen Salzen wie Chlorcalcium, und drittens durch die Entziehung des Lösungsmittels zustande kommt. Dabei bildet sich der Niederschlag niemals aus Farbsalzen, sondern er ist nichts anderes als Carmin selbst. 7. Solche Lösung, welche auf das Lithioncarmin als Niederschlags- und zugleich als Auflösungsmittel wirken und daher sich zur Differenzierung empfehlen, sind folgende: 1. Salzsäurealkohol, 2. Salpetersäurealkohol, 3. Schhwefelsäurealkohol, 4. Trichloressigsäurealkohol, 5. Sulfosalicylsäurealkohol, 6. Pikriusäurealkohol, 8. Was die Resultate, welche diese Differenzierungsmittel den gefärbten Schnitten geben, anbelangt, so sind sie jedoch keineswegs gleich, und dieser Unterschied beruht hauptsächlich auf dem Dispersitätsgrade des gelösten Carmins im betreffenden Mittel, wie ich die Sache mit dem Colimeter bestimmt habe. Wenn man aber den Niederschlag des Lithioncarmins, welcher durch das lange Stehenlassen der Mischung der überschüssingen Farblösung mit jedem der genannten Differenzierungsmittel entsteht, untersucht, so sieht man, dass der Niederschlag ausnahmslos aus sehr feinen Teilchen besteht, so dass jede Mischung als Suspensoid angesehen werden kann. Angesichts dieser Tatsache glaube ich, dass alle genannte Differenzierungsmittel ein gutes Resultat geben können, wenn man nur ihre Konzentration und die Differenzierungszeit in richtiger Weise bestimmt. 9. Die genannten Differenzierungsmittel wurden so hergestellt, dass sie alle dieselbe Titrationsacidität mit dem Salzsaurealkohol haben konnten. Trotzdem weichen ihre Wirkungen auf das Lithioncarmin mehr oder weniger voneinander ab, wenn man in ihren Mischungen mit der Farbstofflösung den Dispersitätsgrade der Farbstoffteilchen oder die Entstehungsweise des Niederschlages genau beobachtet. Dieser Unterschied ist hauptsachlich darauf zurückzuführen, dass verschiedene Anionen der Säuren dabei eine nicht untergeordenete Rolle spielen. Es unterliegt keinem Zweifel, dass die ausgezeichnete Wirkung des Salzsäurealkohols zum Teil auf dem Vorhandensein der Cl-Ionen beruht. 10. Wenn man einerseits die wässerige, anderseits die alkoholische Saurelösung derselben Konzentration bezuglich ihrer Wirkung auf das Lithioncarmin untersucht, so findet man einen grossen Unterschied zwischen beiden. Der Niederschlag, welcher in der wässerigen Lösung entsteht, ist eine Koagulation im Gegensatz zum Niederschlag in der alkoholischen Lösung, welcher aus sehr feinen Teilchen besteht. Der erstere ist fast ganz unlöslich im Wasser, und seine Teilchen sind schwer adsorbierbar. während die Alkohollösung mit dem letzteren Niederschlag als Suspenscid angesehen werden kann. Daher liegt es auf der Hand, dass nicht die wässerige, sondern die alkoholische Säurelösung als Differenzierungsmittel gilt. 11. Es ist auf Grund der Reagenzglasuntersuchung bewiesen, dass die Lithioncarminfärbung stets als sog. Niederschlagsfärbung zustande kommt. 12. Die. Tatsache, dess bei der Lithioncarminfärbung nur die Kernsubstanz im Gegensatz zum Protoplasma gefärbt zutage tritt, beruht im Grunde genommen auf der chemischen Verschiedenheit beider Bestandteile, welche nach Fixierung eine voneinander abweichende physikalische Beschaffenheit, insbesondere eine verschiedene Dichtigkeit bekommen. Gerade diese physikalische Verschiedenheit gibt bei Differenzierung zur elektiven Kernfärbung Anlass, wobei die chemische Affinitat keine hervorragende Rolle spielt. Daher färbt sich auch das Protoplasma, wenn man eine dünnere Differenzierungslösung braucht, oder wenn die Differenzierungszeit nur zu kurz ist. 13. Was den Vorgang der vitalen Lithioncarminfarbung betrifft, so schliesse ich mich an Schulemann und Möllendorff an, welche die Niederschlagstheorie vertreten. Doch bin ich anderer Meinung über die Ursache der Niederschlagbildung als die beiden Antoren. Das Protoplasma der vital färbbaren Zellen enthält wahrscheinlich viel Ca-Ionen, welche die Niederschlagung des Carmins begunstigen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuuraSukehiko en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Sukehiko kn-aut-name=松浦輔彦 kn-aut-sei=松浦 kn-aut-mei=輔彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學解剖學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=1297 end-page=1325 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=19290630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Affinität der Erythrozyten mit Salvarsan, gelöst in Wasser, in Serum und in inaktiviertem Serum. (I. Mitteilung.) kn-title=「サルワルサン」血清ノ研究（其ノ1）特ニ「サルワルサン」ノ血球親和性ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Grünbaum untersuchte die Adsorption des Salvarsans an roten Blutzellen sehr eingehend. Ich habe zunächst seine Methode wiederholt nachgeprüft und die Affinität der roten Blutzellen am Salvarsan, das im Wasser oder im Serum gelöst wurde, bestätigt. Doch konnte auch das Filtrat vom Gemisch des Salvarsans mit den Hammelerythrozyten Rekurrensspirochäten sicher töten. Also kann Salvarsan ebenfalls zum Filtrat übergehen. Ausserdem habe ich denselben Versuch mit Normalneotanvarsan, einem Japanischen Neosalvarsanpräparate, welches im inaktivierten Serum nach Minami (S. Jap. J. of Dermatology. Vol. 26 No.9) gelöst wurde, angestellt. Die Minamische Methode gibt an, dass das Serum, welches bei etwa 60°C. eine Stunde lang erwärmt und dann abgekühlt wurde, am zweckmässigsten ist, Salvarsanschäden vorzubeugen. Aber wenn die Hälfte des Serums in 60°C. und die andere Hälfte in 61°C. je 1 Stunde lang erwärmt und gemischt werden, eignet es sich am besten. Minami hatte Seren verschiedener Tiere untersucht und bestätigt, dass Menschenserum dem Mausversuche ohne weiteres zur Verfügung stand. Ich habe das Salvarsan in inaktiviertem Menschenserum nach Minami gelöst und mit Hammelerythrozyten gemischt ebenso wie beim Grünbaumschen Versuche. Diesmal konnten die salvarsanisierten Erythrozyten (SE) Rekurrensspirochäten in Mäusen garnicht vernichten, während das Filtrat des Gemisches sie töten konnte. Daher ergibt sich, dass Salvarsan an roten Blutzellen nicht adsorbiert wird, wenn es im inaktivierten Serum nach Minami gelöst wird. Dieses Serum dient dem Salvarsan wahrscheinlich dabei als Schutzkolloid, wobei die roten Blutzellen garnicht geschädigt werden. Diese Versuche wurden mit SE 0.5 cc. bei der Verdünnung von Normalneotanvarsan 1:100 an Rekurrensmäusen vorgenommen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhmichiNaoichi en-aut-sei=Ohmichi en-aut-mei=Naoichi kn-aut-name=大道直一 kn-aut-sei=大道 kn-aut-mei=直一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學皮膚科泌尿器科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=153 end-page=187 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1929 dt-pub=19290131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the bioluminescence kn-title=生物發光ニ關スル研究（其ノ1） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The bioluminescence is especially interesting for physiologists in the sense that the end of the intracellular mechanism of the light producing cells is revealed by the light. Whole energy liberated by the process is represented by the light only, unmixed by other energies e. g. movement or heat. This special fact simplifies the experiment enormously, because the light intensity can be measured accurately and conveniently. Photometries used for these studies were following two, according for the purpose. a) Photographic method comparing either of the intensity grade or the diameter of the dark spot on the negative plate or film. b) Comparison method of the brightness of the light with the aid of the adjustable dark glasses (double frame detached from the Hess' differential pupilloscope). The results obtained on the Japanese firefly (Genzi-hotaru and Heike-hotaru) were summariesed as follows. 1) The light producing organ kept in exsicator could be brought to emitt light again by moisting with water, even after two years. 2) The spectrum of the light of the Japanese firefly extends continuously from the reddish orange (660μμ) to the bluish green (480μμ). 3) The intensity of the light increases by the stimulation of the light producing organ with the faradic current or by the chemicals which affect only muscle but not nerve. This phenomenon does not suggest the excitability of the organ or the presence of the exciting nerve for the organ, but can be explained by the increased supply of air by the contraction of the tracheal muscle. 4) The light extinguishes at temperature 0°--7°C., it reappears again dy warming. At the temperature over 40°C. the light becomes gradually reddish and extinguishes at 48°C-54°C. It does not reappear by cooling. The temperature coefficient for intervals 10°C. of the light intensity is 1.2-1.3. The same for the velocity of decay of light is 1.9-2.1. 5) Oxygen is indispensable to the light production of the light producing substance of firefly, which does not emit light under 1/40 atomospheric pressure of oxygen. The intensity of the light increases propotional to the oxygen pressure in the extent of 1/40 to I atomospheric pressure; over that pressure the light intensity approaches asymptotic to the maximum. Further increase of pressure beyond the maximum, also until 4-5 atomospheric pressure or even to 15 atm. pr. does not show any tendency to decrease the light intensity. 6) The light emission from the minced light producing organ of the firefly is not affected by carbon monoxide. It shows that the oxidizable substance does not combine with CO more forcible than with oxygen as haemoglobin does. 7) The light is given out, when the hot water extract from the light producing organ or the non-luminous part of the firefly or from certain animals like cocoonworm (Kaikono-Mayu) which have no light producing organ, is added to the cold water extract from the light producing organ of the firefly. 8) HCN-gas has no influence upon light production of the light producing organ or the mixture of cold water and hot water extracts from the light producing organ, the oxidation concerned with the light production by the firefly would refer to other than the oxidation connected with iron. 9) The authers measured the CO(2) production from the isolated light producing part and non-luminous part of the firefly with Osterhout's indicater method applied for the CO(2) -gas measurement of nerve fibre by Parker and came to the conclusion that the oxidation reaction does not accompany with CO(2) production, for the light producing part did not give out more CO(2)-gas than the non-luminous part. 10) The decay curve of the light emitted from the mixture of the hot water extract from non-luminous part of the firefly or from the larva of the Dendrolimus pini (Matu-Kemusi) and the cold water extract from the light producing part of the firefly indicates that the luminescent reaction in the firefly belongs to a monomolecular reaction, provided, the light intensity at any instant is assumed to be proportional to reaction velocity at that instant. 11) The velocity of the decay of the light intensity which emits from the mixture of cold and hot extract quickens by the increase of the quantity of the cold water extract of the light producing part of firefly. From this fact it seems that the cold water extract contains an enzymlike substance which hastens the luminescent reaction. On the contrary, when the quantity of the hot water extract from luminous part or non-luminous part of the firefly or from non-luminous animals increases, the light of the mixture decays slowly and lasts longer. This fact is explained by an assumption that the hot water extract lets the photogenic substance active (e. g. it sets the inactive photogenic substance combined with protein free.) and at the same time enzymlike substance becomes correspondingly inactive (e. g. by the adsorption). At the addition of the cold water extract into the cold and hot water mixture, it sometimes brightens the emitted light and sometimes lessons it. This initial flash is accounted for granting that the hot water extract acts at bravest at an optimal concentration which is proved especially in case of that from non-luminous part of the firefly. 12) The extinguished but still active cold water extract emits the light by the addition of alkali instead of the hot water extract. On the contrary, we could not let shine the hot water extract by any means. 13) Potassium bromide or erytrosin inhibits luminescence of the light mixture, but Potassium cyanide does not. 14) The active hot water extract is formed by heat from the firefly or certain non- luminous animals; i.e. by the convertion of the precursor into its efficacious form and by the destruction of material preventing the action of the active substance. Required temparature and time for this purpose is about over 3 min. at 50℃. or 15-16 min. at 100℃.. On the contrary, the active cold water extract loses its power by warming at 42°-43°C. over 3 min. 15) The active hot water extract in solution does not degenerate in half a day, and is efficacious even after a day, but the active cold water extract diminishes in power remarkably in 1-2 hours at room temperature. 16) The active component in the hot water extract passes easily through filterpaper, Chamberand filter and collodium membrane, but the active substance in the cold water extract does not filter through collodium membrane. 17) Charcoal adsorbs the active part both in hot and cold water extracts, but the latter is less adsorbed than the former. 18) Such an efficacious component as that in the active hot or cold water extract can not be extracted by alkohol or ether. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayasiKanae en-aut-sei=Hayasi en-aut-mei=Kanae kn-aut-name=林香苗 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=香苗 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuyamaMisao en-aut-sei=Okuyama en-aut-mei=Misao kn-aut-name=奧山美佐雄 kn-aut-sei=奧山 kn-aut-mei=美佐雄 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=132 end-page=146 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1931 dt-pub=19310131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die funktionelle Veränderung der peripheren Nerven bei B-Avitaminose-Tauben kn-title=白米病鳩ノ末梢神經ノ官能的變化 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Verfasser mass die Chronaxie des N. Ischiadicus der an B-Avitaminose leidenden Tauben mittels der Kondensator-Methode von Lapicque und die Kohlensäureproduktion derselben Nerven mittels der Parkerschen Methode. Er studierte ferner die Wirkungsweise des Okaberins, eines Vitamin B enthaltenden Mittels. Die Resultate sind folgende: 1) Die Chronaxie der Nerven der von Avitaminose befallenen Tauben ist im Vergleich zu der normalen deutlich verlängert. Wenn sich das Tier von der Avitaminose erholt, so kehrt dieselbe wieder auf den normalen Wert zurück. 2) Die Kohlensäureproduktion des Nerven oder des Muskels der von Avitaminose befallenen Tauben ist stark unter normal herabgesetzt. Der Wert dieser Verminderung beträgt im Mittel ca. 10% bei den Nerven und ca. 5% bei den Muskeln. Mit der Genesung steigt der Wert auf das normale Niveau zurück. 3) Es kann angenommen werden, dass die funktionelle Veränderung der Nerven bei den Avitaminose-Tauben durch die Adsorption des H-ion auf die Nerven hervorgerufen wird. 4) Der Vorgang der Erholung von der funktionellen Nervenveränderung durch Okaberin-darreichung wird dadurch erklärt, dass das einmal auf die Nerven adsorbierte H-ion sekundär auf das zugefügte Okaberin adsorbiert wird, und infolgedessen die Nerven von den H-ion befreit werden. 5) Das Filtrat des mit Tierkohle durchmischten Okaberins hat keine günstige Wirkung auf das Allgemeinbefinden der Avitaminose-Taube, auch niche auf die herabgesetzte Erregbarkeit, die durch die angesäuerte Ringerlösung an den Froschnerven künstlich herbeigeführt wurde. Aber dieses Filtrat zuweilen hat noch das Vermögen, bei den Tauben welche ausschliesslich mit poliertem Reis gefüttert wurden, der Avitaminose vorzubeugen. Es scheint mir wahrscheinlich zu sein, dass das den Stoffwechsel regelunde Vitamin B verschieden ist von der Substanz, die die Nerven von H-ion befreien. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoAkio en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name=佐藤秋夫 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=秋夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=2482 end-page=2520 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1934 dt-pub=19341031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimentelle Anaphylaxie durch gebundene Präzipitine kn-title=沈降素沈降原結合殘渣(上清)ノSchock惹起作用ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Verfasser studierte in seinen dieser Mitteilung zugrund liegenden Versuchen den Schocktod bei Meerschweinchen durch gebundenes Präzipitin und Präzipitinogen (Abguss und Bodensatz) und die Beziehung zwischen Histaminoder Peptonschock und experimenteller Anaphylaxie. Dabei fand er, kurz zusammengefasst, dass bei der passiven Anaphylaxie die Bindung zwischen Antigen und sensibilisiertem Versuchstier auf 3 Faktoren beruht: d.h. auf der Präzipitinmenge, auf der Antigenmenge zur Reinjektion und auf der Inkubationszeit zur Zellsensibilisierung. Diese Inkubationszeit kann man jedoch durch Hypersensibilisierung oder durch Injektion von in vitro gebundenen Präzipitinen (Abguss) bis auf Null kürzen und den sofortigen Schocktod erzeugen. Es zeigen sich ähnliche Symptome wie beim Histamin- oder Peptonechock, doch besteht auch eine Differenz bei den drei schockerzeugenden Momenten. Um diese Beziehung klarzustellen, stellte er folgende Experimente an. Erst sensibilieierte er das Meerachweinchen (250Gr.) mit 500 Einheiten von Antirinderserumpräzipitin und bestimmte die minemale Reinjektionsmenge und die kürzeate Inkubationszeit. Dabei fand er als Inkubationszeit eine solche von 6 Stunden. Bei Injektion der Antigenen wurde in einer Inkubationszeit, die kurzer war als diese, die Desensibilisierungskraft des Autigens zum vorher injizierten Präzipitin umgekehrt schwächer, und wenn man die Antigeninjektion gleichzeitig mit der Sensibilisierung mit Präzipitin vornahm, bleibt das Tier ganz indifferent, und bei zweimaliger Antigeninjektion nach 24 Stunden starb das Meerschweinchen unter typischem anaphylaktischem Schock. Dabei fand er bei der ersten Antigeninjektion die interessante Tatsache, dass das Präzipitin des Versuchstiers keine Verminderung erleidet. Um diese Tatsache klarzustellen, hat er in vitro das Präzipitin und Präzipitinogen gemischt und 1/2 Stunde im Brutofen digeriert. Darauf zeutrifugierte er dieses Gemisch und injizierte Abguss intravenös. Dabei fand er, dass die Sensibilisierungskraft viel schwächer war als bei gleichzeitiger Antigen- und Antikörperinjektion, weil in vitro die Bindung zwischen Antigen und Antikörper viel stärker ist als in vivo, sodass man den typischen Schocktod durch Antigeninjektion nicht erzeugen kann. Bei aktiv sensibilisiertem Meerschwein chen wies er auch diese lockere Bindung in vivo, indem er bei gleichzeitiger Injektion von Antigen und Antikörper keine Antianaphylaxie bemerkte. Bei der Injektion des Abgusses von gebundenem Präzipitin jedoch beobachtete er eine schwäche re Desenibilisierung, weil durch die dieser Behandlung nachfolgenden Antigeninjektion der Schock etwas erleichtert wird. Infolgedessen kann man vermuten, dass die Verhindung des Antikörpers mit dem Antigen bei gleichzeitiger Injektion oder bei nur kurzer Intervallzeit im Blut schwächer ist als in vitro. Ferner bestätigte er mit einiger hochwertigen Präzipitinserum (Antirinder und-pferdeserum) weiter diese Tatsache, indem er gleichzeitig die Antigen- und Antikorperinjektion hintereinander beim Meerschweinchen vornahm oder nach einestündiger Digerierung das ganze Gemisch oder den Abguss und Rückstand intravenös injizierte. Dabei fand er im ersten Fall beim Versuchstier keine Symptome, im 2. und 3. Fall typischen Schocktod und im 4. Fall einen verlangsamten Schocktod (1-6 Stunden). Dieser schockerzeugende Abguss oder Rückstand behält seine eigentliche serologische Eigenschaft, die auf die zurückbleibenden Antigene und Antikorper zurückzuführen ist, da diese im schockerregenden Abgusserum in vitro stark komplementbindende Kraft immer bemerkbar ist. Da bei Anwendung hochwertiger Präzipitinsera in dem Verhaltnis zwischen Antigen und Antikörper keine genügende Übernahme stattfindet, so ist die Wirkung auf das Versuchstier schwächer. Es ist auch bemerkbar, dass diese schockerregungsvermögen als auch die Präzipitinwirkung des Abgusses zum Verschwinden gebracht. Absorbiert man den Abguss durch ein Absorbens oder filtriert man ihn mit einem Filterapparat (Berkefeldkerze oder Ultrafilttration), so erkennt man, dass parallel mit der Antikörper- und Antigenverminderung die schockerregende Wirkung schwächer wird. Die schockerregende Wirkung von Histamin und Pepton wird dagegen duich Istündige Erhitzung bei 75℃ oder durch Filterwirkung sowie Adsorption nicht verändert. Beim Schocktod durch Histamin und Pepton bemerkt man keine Komplementverminderung werden in vivo noch in vitro. So kann man vermuten, dass bei der experimentellen Anaphylaxie die Toxinbildung in der zweiten oder dritten Phase stattfiudet. Die nahe Beziehung zwischen Histamin- und Peptonschock zur experimentellen Anaphylaxie bemerkt man in der beiderseitigen Antianaphyhxiewirkung. Aus oben erwähuten Tatsachen kann man ersehen, dass eine Schockerregung in dem Fall nicht erscheint, in dem man nach der Sensibilisierung in der passiven Anaphylaxie das Antigen ohne Inkubation injiziert, und dass man durch in vitro gebundenes Präzipitin einen sofortigen Schock erregen kann. Im letzten Falle kann man jedoch die schockerregende Wirkung nicht direkt auf die Anaphylatoxine zurückführen, sondern man muss der Wiederbindung der zurückbleibenden Antigene und Antikörper im Versuchstier diese Wirkung zuschreiben. Dabei findet man in vitro in vivo einen atarken Komplementschwund. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhiwaHiromasa en-aut-sei=Ohiwa en-aut-mei=Hiromasa kn-aut-name=大岩博雅 kn-aut-sei=大岩 kn-aut-mei=博雅 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=14 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1937 dt-pub=19370131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Beiträge zur Frage der Antigenität des Kohlenhydrates. (2. Mitteilung.) Antikörperbildung durch Kohlenhydrat des Gummi arabicum. kn-title=含水炭素ノ抗原性ニ就テ（第2報）「コロヂウム」ノ抗原性賦活能力 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In der vorliegenden Mitteilung soll uber die Antigenität des rohen Gummi arabicum und des Lipoides und Kohlenhydratets desselben berichtet werden. Bei diesen Versuchen wurde die Antikörperbildung durch Kohlenhydrate bei normaler Immunisierungsweise nicht erhalten. Deswegen wendete Verfasser die Bakterienkohlenhydrat-adsorption durch Kollodium nach Zozaya19) an und untersuchte damit die Antikörperbildung durch Kohlenhydrat des Gummi arabicum. Die Adsorptionsmethode ist die folgende: Das Kollodium wird in Alkohl- und Äthergemisch gelöst und durch Wasserzusatz in groben Flocken ausgeschieden. Diese grobe Flocke wird in Acetonwieder gelost und durch Zusatz einer passenden Wassermenge werden viele feine Kollodiumflocken gebildet. Diese feinen Kollodiumflocken weden mit Wasser gereinigt und es wird 1c.c. eines 1.0% igen enteiweissten Gummi-arabicum-kohlenhydyates zu 0, 1c.c. dieser Kollodiumkolloidlosung zugesetzt. Nach Bewahruug im Eisschrank über Nacht wird dieses Gemisch dreimal mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung gewaschen, dann zentrifugiert. Den Bodensatz benutzte Verfasser als in Kollodium adsorbiertes Kohlenhydrat zum Antigen für die Immunisierung des Versuchstieres. Bei der Immunisierung werden diese Antigene zu 1% durch Kollodium noch weiter verdünnt, 1,0c.c., 1,5c.c. und 2.0c.c. dieser verdünnten Antigene werden mit 3 tägigen Pausen intravenös den Kaninchen injiziert, und diese Injektionsweise wird nach 5 tötigem Intervall noch einmal wiederholt. Das Serum des Immuntieres wird am 7. Tage nach der letzten Injektion geprüft. Die Ergebnisse können kurz, wie folgt, angegeben werden. 1) Präzipitinversuch: Als Präzipitinreaktion werden Ring- und Mischproben nach unserem Institut angewandt, mit denen man die geringe Antikörpermenge der Versuchsera sicher erkennen kann. Bei der Ringprobe wird als Präzipitinogen das Kohlenhydrat des Gummi arabicum in physiohogischen Lösungen benützt. Das Versuchserum reagiert positiv, wie Tabelle 2 zeigt, nach U.'sher Methode 1:5, nach O.'scher Methode 1:4 oder 1:8. Bei der Mischprobe bekam man eine positive Reaktion mit denselben Sera durch Verlängerung der Digerierungszeit bei 37°C bis zu 8 Stunaen, während die Reaktion nach 2 stündiger Digerierung negativ blieb. Dabei fand Verfasser eine interessante Reaktionsform, wie bei Tabelle 3 angegeben ist. Dabei finden die positiven Reaktionen nur bei geeigneter Verdünnung der Antigene und Antikörper statt. 2) Komplementbindungsversuch: Das Kohlenhydratantigen wird erst mit Ziegenroten absorbiert. (Siehe 1. Mitteilung) Danach wird dieses Antigen 2 Stunden lang bei 37°C mit Komplement und Immunserum digeriert. Nach Entlassung aus dem Brutofen wird dieses Gemisch über Nacht bei Zimmertemperatur stehen gelassen. Durch diese langdauende Digerierung bindet sich der Kohlenhydratantikörper erst mit den Antigenen und dem Komplement. (Siehe Tabelle 8) 3) Aktiv anaphylaktischer Versuch: Die Versuchsmeerschweinchen werden mit Kohlenhydrat allein oder mit in Kollodium adsorbiertem Kohlenhydrat subcutan 3 mal mit 1c.c. 10% iger Lösungen sensibilisiert. Nach einer Inkubation von 2-3 Wochen wird in die juguralen Venen die Kohlenhydratlösung, 8c.c. pro Kilogramm, reinjiziert. Dabei Kann man die mittelstarken Schocksymptome nur bei Tieren die mit in Kollodium adsorbiertem Antigen injiziert sind, erzeugen, wobei ausser Schocksymptomen ein Temperatursturz (rund 5 Grad) und eine Komplemnelhtverminderung (1/2) beobachtet wird. Aus obigem Versuch mochte ich schliessen, dass Kohlenhydrat durch Kollodiumadsorption als Antigen zum Immunkörper ebensowirksam ist wie ein ander Antigenstoff. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaitohTatsuo en-aut-sei=Naitoh en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=内藤達雄 kn-aut-sei=内藤 kn-aut-mei=達雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=2325 end-page=2355 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1938 dt-pub=19381231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Adrenalin-Bestimmung im peripheren und zirkulierenden Blut kn-title=末梢循環血ノ「アドレナリン」定量法ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Auch heute ist die Frage noch nicht ganz geklärt, was mit dem sezernierten Adrenalin im Blut geschieht, da die Adrenalinwirkung im Blut äusserst schnell verschwindet. Als ich mit einer Modifikation der Folinechen Methode das Adrenalin Kaninchenblut extrahierte, entdeckte ich, dass das Blutadreualin durch die roten Blutkörperchen in vivo unerwartet stark adsorbiert wird. Ich will daher über diese Tatsache nähere Angaben machen. Herstellung des Blutadrenalinextrakts. 2ccm Vollblut werden mit 4ccm N/8 HCl (od. 2ccm N/4 HCl) gemischt und in siedendem Wasser 2-3 Minuten lang erhifzt. Hierauf werden 4ccm (bezw. 1ccm) einer Mischlössung von 15%igem Na(2)SO(4)+1%igem NaCl zugesetzt und dae Ganze noch einige Minuten auf der gleichen Temperatur erhalterr. Dann wird dieses Blut in fliessehdem Wasser 2-3 Stunden lang abgekühlt, worauf man es mait dest, Wasser bis auf 10ccm (bezw. 5ccm) auffullt und filtriert. Das Filtrat ist klar oder dunn gelblich braun; sein Ph zeigt weniger als 4. Aus 2ccm Blut wird jeweilig das Plasma, das Serum bezw. Blutkörperchen durch Zentrifugierung abgetrennt und in gleicher Weise behandelt. Auf diese Weise gelangt man zu Adrenalinextrakt von Vollblut (A), von Plasma oder Serum (B) von Blutkörperchen (C). Adrenalin-Bestimmungsmethode fur den Extrakt. Zuerst neutrierte Verfasser den Extrakt mit N/10 NaOH oder Na(2)CO(3) genau zuimmer gleicher PH=7,3. Dabei wurde als Farbindikator eine Losung von 0,1‰ Neutralrot, 0,1‰ Wasserblau und 0,5‰ Phenolphthalein benutzt, und dann die gleiche Menge Wasser hinzugefügt, um den osmotischen Druck des Extrakts von Blat, Plasma und Blutkörperchen isotonisch auszugleichen. Darauf wurde sofort die Adrenalinmenge mit diesem neutrierten und isotonisch gemachten Extrakt durch die Kaninchendünndarm-Methods von Kodama, die Kaninchenohrgefäss-Methode von Pissemskii und ausserdem durch Blutdruck-Methode in der Carotis bestimmt. Zusammenfassung. 1. Über dem Extrakt. Der Extrakt aus Blut, Plasma und Blutkorperchen zeigt eine adrenalinartige Wirkung auf Kaniuchendunndarm, Ohrgefäss und Blutdruck. Durch folgende Untersuchungen kann man diese Wirkung als wirkung von "Adrenalin" nachweisen. a) Chemisch reins Adrenalin (Sankyo) wurden dem Kaninchenblut zugesetzt und nach obigen Methoden extrahiert. Dabei konute Verfasser Adrenalin im Blutextrakt in der gleichen zugesetzten Menge und sogar noch mehr im Blute selbst nachweisen. b) Es ist bekannt, dass das Adrenalin gegen Säure stark resistent aber gegen Alkali sehr labil ist. Das Gleiche gilt auch fur den Blutadrenalinextrakt. Wenn der Extrakt in Bezug auf PH geringer ist als 4, so ist eine starke Adrenalin Wirkung festzustellen, wenn dagegen zwischen 5,5-6,5, dann eine vial schwachere, und bei alkalischer Reaktion gar keine mehr. c) Das Blutadrenalin ist auch gegen thermische Wirkung sehr labil. Durch Erwärmung des Blutes 30 Minuten lang bei 56°C. sieht man keine Adrenelinwirkung. Erwärmung bei 50°C. zeigt eine sehwaehe, bei 40°C. oder 0°C. aber eine unveräudert starke Adrenalinwirkung. d) Um andere adrenalinartige Stoffe in ineinem Extrakt auszuschalten, habe ich mit diesem Extrakt Histaminwirkung (durch isolierten Kaninchendünndarm), Acethylcholiu (durch Blutegel) und Lipoid bezw. andere giftige Substanzen geprüft, aberkeine nennenswerte positive Reaktion bemerkt. Die Mineralsubstanz im Extrakt zeigt keine adrenalinartige Wirkung. 2. Über die gesamte Adrenalinmenge im peripheren Blut (A). a) Wenn man dem Versuchtier im Rubezustand, ohne Bewegungsbeechränknng and freivon Angst, Blut entnimmt, findet man in 1cem Blut eine Adrenalin-Konzentration von etwa 1:50-200 Millionen. Aber wenn man das Kaniuchen auf dem Tisch in der Bewegung einschränkt, so vermehrt sich die Adrenalinmenge des Blutes sehr stark; nämlich 30-60 Minuten nach der Beschränkung auf das Zehnfache (1:10-20 Millionen), 2 St. danach auf 1:5-10 Millionen, 4-5 St. darnach auf 1:3-7 Millionen. b) Durch Fixation und kleine Hals-Operation vermehrt sich das Blutad renalin auf 0,00015-0,0005 mgr (1:2-7 Millionen) in 1ccm. Zwischen der gesamten Adrenalinmenge des jugular arteriosen Blutes und der der venösen erkennt man keinen Unterschied. c) Bei der Ischiadicusreizung findet man eine augenblickliche Zunahme des Adrenaline im peripheren Blut ; dieser Zustand dauert über 15 Minuten an. 3. Über die Adrenalinmenge im Blutplasma (B). a) Die Menge des Plasma Adrenaline eine St. nach der Fixation ist 0,00001 mgr ausgerechnet für 1com Blut, entspricht also einem Zehntel der Menge des Vollblutes. b) Es ist bemerkenswert, dass die Menge des Plasmaadrenalins aus dem Arterienblut immer grösser ist ale die Menge des Plasmaadrenalins aus dem venösen Blut. Das Plasmaadrenalin in 1com Blut entspricht 1/15-0 des gesamtes Adr enaline in der gleichen Menge Vollblut. c) Bei der Ischiadicusreizung findet man eine momentane Zunahme des Plasmaadrenaline im peripheren Blut, die jedoch bald nach der Behandlung wieder zur Norm zurückkehrt. 4. Über das Blutkörperchen-Adrenalin (C), Erst neuerdings wurde die Tatsache festgestellt, dass das Adrenalin im Blut durch die roten Blutkörperchen stark adsorbiert wird, man kann wieder durch Extraktion die Adrenalinwirkung nachweisen. a) Das Blutadrenalin des Versuchtieres geht nach einer eine Stunde langen Fixation zum grossen Teil in die roten Blutkorperchen über, es entspricht 90% des Adrenalins des Vollblutes. b) Der Adrenalingehalt in den Blutkörperchen steht dei Arterienblut und bei venösem Blut im ungekehrten Verhältnis wie im Serum oder im Plasma. Der gehalt des Adrenalins in der Arterien-Blutkörperchen betrug im Mittel 85% des Gehaltes im Vollblut, aber der in den venösen Blutkörperchen 95%. Daher lässt sich aufgrund des obigen Versuches, vermuten dass des Blutkörperchen in vivo als gutes Reservoir in Bezug auf Adrenalin- adsorption wirkt und dadurch die Vermehrung des wirksamen Adrenalin im Serum oder Plasma immer kompensiert wird. c) Bei der Ischiadicusreizung lässt sich dies ohne weiters annehmen, Sofort nach der Nervenreizung jst eine geringe Vermehrung des Blutkörperchenadrenalins statt einer grossen Vermehrung des Serumadrenalins festzustellen. Dagegen vermehrt sich die Menge des Blutkörperchenadrenalins allmählich nach der Reizausschaltung gegenüber einer Verminderung des Plasmaadrenalins. Schlusswort. 1) Die roten Blutkörperchen wirken als Reservoir für das Adrenalin im Blut durch Adsorption. 2) Bei der Bestimmung des Adrenalins ist es nötig, das Körperchenadrenalin zu beachten, weil das sezernierte Adrenalin zum grossen Teil durch dasselbe adsorbiert und eine geringerer Teil davon im Plasma enthalten ist. 3) Es ist nötig, bei Prüfung der Adrenalinwirkung im Blut erstens einen chemisch reinen Adrenalinextrakt aus Serum, Plasma, Blutkörperchen und Vollblut anzuwenden und zweitens die Adsorptionswirkung der Blutkörperchen zu berücksichtigen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamuraNagawo en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Nagawo kn-aut-name=岡村榮雄 kn-aut-sei=岡村 kn-aut-mei=榮雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=2055 end-page=2084 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1938 dt-pub=19381031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Serologische Studien über das Cholesterin und das Lecithin. (2. Mitteilung) kn-title=Cholesterin及ビLecithinノ血清學的研究（第2報）Cholesterin及ビLecithin感作ニヨル過敏症實驗 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In der 1. Mitteilung berichtete Verfasser die interessante tätsache, dass sich durch chemisch reines Cholesterin bezw. Lecithin von Merck nach Adsorption mit Adsorbin bei intravenoser Injektion die entsprecheuden Antikörper (präcipitin-und Komplementbindende Antikörper) erzeugen lassen. Diese Immunisierungsweise wurde gegenüber der Lipoidinjektion mit Schlepper (Schweinserum) in Bezug auf Spezifiizität besonders auf anaphylaxieversuche angewendet. Diesmal wurden in gleicher Weise Meerschweinchen mit adsorbiertem Lipoidantigen (Cholesterin und Lecithin von Merck) viele Male durch subkutane Injektionen sensibilisiert. Darnach warden die gebildeten Antikörper mit der präcipitinreaktion nach Ogata bestimmt und dem Tier das der Bindungszone entsprechende Antigen injiziert. Zur Kontrolle wurden Meerschweiuchen mit Rinderserum vorbehandelt und die Schocksymptome nach der Antigeninjektion gepruft. zunachst wurden Antilipoidsera von Kaninchen injiziert und die inverse Anaphylaxie untersucht, weil Cholesterin bezw. Lecithin als Blutlipoid oder Organlipoid von vorherein in physiologischem Zustand in der körperflussigkeit enthalten ist und nach dor Antikörperinjektion sofort die Antigenund Antikörperbindung in vivo auftreteu kann. Daher ist die passive Anaphylaxie mit diesen Antisera viel undeutlicher als gewohnliche Eiweissanaphylaxie. Verfasser strebte darnach bei subkutaner Antikörperinjektion die geeignete Inkubationszeit durch Antirinderserum von Kaninchen zu bestimmen und fand sie mit 48 Stunden als am besten. Auf diese Injektionsweise prufte er die passive Anaphylaxie durch Lipoidantisera. Schliesslich untersuchte er auch Antianaphylaxie mit Lipoidantigen. Die Resultäte sind im folgenden kurz angegeben. Die Reaktionsgrade wurden je nach dem Schockgrad markiert (++++), Schocktod innerhalb 5 Minuten, (+++) Schocktod nach 5 Minuten, ( ) nach typischem Krampf erholt sich das Tier wieder, (++) Atemnot uud Krampf, ( ) leichte Atemnot und leichter Krampf, (+) Unruhe ohne Krampf. 1) Beim Meerschweinchen, welches vorher mit dem durch Adsorbin resorbierten Cholesterin oder Lecithin sensibilisiert wurde, kann man aktive Anaphylaxie erzeugen. Die Antigenmenge zur Re-injektion wurde nach der Bindungezone berechnet; bei der Cholesterin bezw. Lecithininjektion über 10 Mal Bindungszone zeigen sich nur leichte (+) Symptome. 2) Beim Meerschweinchen, welches gegen Cholesterin oder Lecithin überempfiindlich ist, lässt sich durch die Re-injektion von gemischtem Antigen von Cholesterin und Lecithin die starkste anaphylaktische Erscheinung (++) hervorrufen, wie bei präcipitin oder Komplementbindung in Vitro (1. Mitteilung) und weiter durch die Re-injektion des Wassermanschen Antigens ( ), durch die Reinjektion des Organextraktes (Rtinderhodenextrakt) ( ), und durch die Reinjektion von mit Rinderserum gemischem Lipoid antigen ( ). Dabei fand stellte Verfasser auch präcipitin-und Komplementverminderung nach Reinjektion fest. 3) Mittels Auticholesterin- und Antilecithinserums kann man beim Meerschweinchen inverse Anaphylaxie hervorrufen (+). 4) Aus dem schon oben erwahuten Grund erweist sich die passive Anaphylaxie durch Lipoidantikörper meist negativ. Dabei fand man nach Sensibilisierung die versuchte Antigenmenge im Blut weil 500 Einheiten präcipitininjektion beimit Antirinderserum nach 24 Stunden 25 Einheiten ergeben dagegen mit Antilipoidserum nur 10 oder 5 Einheiten durch Bindung mit körperlipoid. 5) Beim durch Cholesterin oder Lecithin immunisierten Meerschweiuchen kann man den antianaphylaktischeu Zustand hervorrufen. Jedoch lässt sich beim durch Cholesterin immunisierten Meerschweinchen mittels Lecithins der antianaphylatetische Zustand nicht hervorrufen, ebensowenig beim durch Lecithin immunisierten Meerschweinchen mittels Cholesterins. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AokiMisao en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Misao kn-aut-name=青木操 kn-aut-sei=青木 kn-aut-mei=操 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=2015 end-page=2054 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1938 dt-pub=19381031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Serologische Studien über das Cholesterin und das Lecithin. (I. Mitteilung) Über die Antikörperbildung durch Cholesterin und Lecithin kn-title=Cholesterin及ビLecithinノ血清學的研究（第1報）Cholesterin及ビLecithinニヨル抗體産生ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die Frage der Antikörperbildung durch Lipoidantigen wurde durch Schlepperinjektion (Schweinserum) gelost, doch bleibt dadurch die Frage der Antikörperbildung durch Chemisch reines Lipoid ohne Schlepper unberuhrt. Nach Antikörperbildung durch Kohlenhydrat (Okayama-Igakukai-Zasshi Jg. 49, Nr. 1, Januar, 1937) immunisierte Verfaseer Kaninchen durch chemisch reines Cholesterin und Lecithin von Merck in dreierlei Form. Es ist schwer, bei reiner Lipoidemulsion mit mehr als zehnmaliger Injektion den betreffenden Antikörper durch präcipitin oder Komplementbindungsreaktion nachzuweisen. Verfasser adsorbierte Cholesterin und Lecithin mit Tierkohle und Adsorbin and immunisierte das Kaninchen fortlaufend über 10 Mal. Dabei stellte er durch Adsorbinlipoidinjektion positive Antikörperbildung fest und erzielte die folgenden interessanten Ergebniese: 1) Zur Antikörperbildung durch Cholesterin und Lecithin ist Hinzufügung von artfremdem Eiweiss als Schlepper nicht immer notig. Wenn man die physikalische Beschaffenheit von Cholesterin und Lecithin durch Adsorption mittels Adsorbins verandert, so kann man die Antikörperbildung mit der präcipitinreaktion und der Komplementbindungsreaktion deutlich nachweisen. Diese beiden Reaktionen sind an der Bindungszone bei der Antikörperverdunnungsmethode nach Ogata am deutlichsten. 2) Die beiden Antikörper reagieren spezifisch; zwischen den Antikörpern von Cholesterin und Lecithin zeigt sich keine gemeinsame Reaktion. Die Komplementbindungsreaktion nach Antikörperverdunnung tritt bei beiden Immunsera schwacher auf als die präcipitinreaktion nach der Verdunungsmethode und verschwindet oft etwas fruher. 3) Es ist eine interessante und gemeinsame Eigenschaft des Anticholesterin- und Antilecithinserums, dass diese beiden Immunsera durch Beimischung mit anderem Lipoid zum entsprechenden Antigen die präcipitin und Komplementbindungsreaktion immer stark befordern. Besonders wird die Cholesterinemulsion durch Lecithinmischung viel feiner der Chelesteringehalt vermehrt sich und die Reaktion auf das Cholesterinantiserum wird so doppelt verbessert. 4) Die beiden Antisera reagieren auch mit Alkoholextrakt von Rinderherz, das beide Lipoidantigene enthalt. Dabei werden diese Reaktionen (präcipitin- und Komplementbindungsreaktion) durch Chelesterinzusatz zum Herzextrakt, das gewohnlich als Wassermannsches Antigen angewendet wurde, gemass obiger tütsache (Nr. 3) besonders bei Anticholesterinserum gefordernt. 5) Wie Rinderherzextrakt reagiert auch Leber oder Hodenextrakt auf beide Lipoidantisera. Aus Lipoidgehalt Ieagiert dabei der Hodenextrakt starker als der Leberextrakt. 6) Die obigen spezifischen Reaktionen der Lipoidantikörper werden durch Absorptionsversuch mit entsprechendem Antigen noch deutlicher nachgewiesen. 7) Durch Cholesterin und Lecithinimmunisierung sieht man keine Vermehrung der Forsmanschen Antikörper und der Hamolysiutiter für Ziegenblut bleibt auch nach der Immunisierung immer unverändert. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AokiMisao en-aut-sei=Aoki en-aut-mei=Misao kn-aut-name=青木操 kn-aut-sei=青木 kn-aut-mei=操 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1064 end-page=1088 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=19390531 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Adrenalinadsorption der Erythrocyten in vitro kn-title=赤血球ノ「アドレナリン」吸着ニ關スル生體外實驗 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Über das Schicksal des Adrenalins im Blut wurde bis jetzt im allgemeinen angenommen, dass das Adrenalin, sowohl intravenos injiziert als auch bei der Reizung durch Splanchnicus, Ischiadicus oder blutige Operation im Korper selbst sezerniert, innerhalb 15 Minuten ganz zerstört wird. Dagegen habe ich nach Modifikation der Folin'schen Methode das Adrenalin im Blut extrahiert und dabei statt einer Zerstörung des Adrenalins im Blut eine Adsorption desselben durch rote Blutkörperchen nachweisen können. So untersuchte ich, ob das Adrenalin in vitro durch rote Blutkörperchen adsorbiert wird, und kam zu einem sehr interessanten Ergebnis. Untersuchungsmethode: Das normale Kaninchenblut wurde abzentrifugiert und Serumteil und Blutkorperchen voneinander getrennt. Die reine auf 1:1000 verdünnte Adrenalinlosung (SANKYO) wurde mit diesem Kaninchenserum auf 1:1000 verdünnt. Die Blutkörperchen wurden vielmals mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung oder anderer physiologischer Salzlösung gewaschen. Serum- und Blutkörperchenteile wurden in gleichem Mengenverhältnis zugesetzt und gut gemischt. Dieses Gemisch wurde im Wasserbad bei 38°C 10-15 Minuten lang digeriert um die roten Blutkörperchen das Adrenalin adsorbieren zulassen. Nach der Digerierung wurde wieder abzentrifugiert und der Adrenalingehalt beider Teile durch Kaninchenohr-, isolierte Kaninchendarmschlinge- oder Blutdruckmethode untersucht. Der Serumteil wurde mit Kontrollserum, das vorher mit Blutkörperchen nicht gemischt worden war, verglichen und das absorbierte Adrenalin umgerechnet. (über 10% Veranderung als adsorbiertes Adrenalin angenommen). Der Blutteil wurde in geeignetem Medium (Siehe meine vorliegenden Berichte) extrahiert und der Adrenalingehalt nach obiger Methode bestimmt. Resultat. 1. Durch Serumzusatz wurde das Adrenalin stark stabiler als im Rochsalzlösung oder anderer Salzlösung allein. Mit Serum konnte es bei 38°C 1.5 Stunden oder bei 5°C 10 Stunden lang wirksam aufbewahrt werden, doch in der Kochsalzlösung war es bei 38°C binnen 0.5 Stunden grösstenteils und bei 5°C binnen 5-7 Stunden bie zum vollständigen Unwirksamkeit zerstört. (Fig. 1.) 2. Die Verminderung des Adrenalingehaltes im Serumadrenalingemisch nach Blutkörperchenzusatz ging folgenderweise vor sich: bei rohen Blutkörperchen bleib der Adrenalingehalt unverändert, bei mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung gewaschenen nahm er um 0-20% ab, bei mit Traubenzuckerlosung (5.5%) gewaschenen soger um 50%. Es ist auch merkwürdig, dass Traubenzuckerzusatz die Adsorptionsfähigkeit der mit physiologischer Kochsalzlösung gewaschenen roten Blutkörperchen für Adrenalin fördert und die Verminderung des Adrenaline 40-65% beträgt. (Fig. 2.) 3. Durch die folgenden Experimente wird bewiesen, dass das scheinbar verschwundene Adrenalin durch die Blutkörperchen adsorbiert wurde: a) Um die Adrenalinverminderung im Adrenalinserum durch Blutkörperchenadsorption nachzuweisen, habe ich den gesamten Adrenalingehalt einer Adrenalin-, Serum-, Traubenzucker-, Blutkörperchen-Mischung untersuchte. Diese 4 Komponenten waren gut gemischt und 10-30 Minuten lang bei 38°C digeriert worden. Das Adrenalin wurde wieder aus diesem Gemisch extrahiert und nach der Kaninchendarmmethode bestimmt. Dabei fand ich keine Verminderung des Gesamtadrenalingehaltes: also findet durch diese Behandlung keine Zerstorung des Adrenalins statt. (Fig. 3.) b) Wenn sich der Adrenalingehalt im Serum nach der Berührung mit den Blutkörperchen vermindert, so ist eine Adrenalinvermehrung in den Blutkörperchen zu erkennen und wenn diese Verminderung im Serum nicht auftritt, so bleibt auch der Adrenalingehalt in den Blutkörperchen unverändert. (Fig. 3 A, B und A', B'; Fig. 4 unten.) c) Dem Kaninchen wurde vor dem Versuch das Rückenmark ausgeschnitten, das Adrenalin (1:10000) injiziert, und Blutdrucksteigerung markiert. (Fig. 4 Kontrolle.) 1 ccm defibriniertes Blut, Traubenzucker und Adrenalin wurden eine halbe Stunde lang bei 38℃ aufbewahrt. Dabei wurde das Adrenalin durch die roten Blutkörperchen adsorbiert: daher zeigte sich der Blutdruck des Versuchtieres nach der Injektion mit diesem Gemisch nicht so hoch wie beim Kontroll. Dagegen stieg der Blutdruck des Tieres umgekehrt auf gleiche Höhe beim Kontroll nach Injektion mit dem Extrakt dieses Gemisches, weil das Adrenalin wieder aus den roten Blutkörperchen befreit wurde. (Fig. 4 oben und mitte.) 4. Die Adrenalinadsorption der Blutkörperchen geht unter 38℃ mit der Temperatursteigerung parallel. [Fig. 9, 4 (bei 38℃) und 4' (bei 5℃).] 5. Die Adrenalinadsorption der Blutkörperchen wird durch die H-Ionenkonzentration beeinflusst, Alkali befördert sie stark, die kleinste Menge Säure behindert sie dagegen, je grösser deren Konzentration, desto grösser die Behinderung. (Fig. 12.) 6. Die roten Blutkörperchen adsorbieren das Adrenalin in einer Mischung von physiologischer Kochsalzlösung und Serum sehr wenig, dagegen bei Anwesenheit von Traubenzucker sehr stark. Die geeignete Konzentration der Glukose zu diesem Zweck betrug 0.3-0.5% ; bei anderen Prozentsätzen, gleich ob höheren oder niedrigeren wird die Adsorption verhindert. Aus diesem Grunde adsorbieren die roten Blutkörperchen das Adrenalin in einer Mischung von physiologischer Kochsalzlösung oder Ringer'scher Lösung und Serum nicht, wenn diese beiden Komponenten in gleicher Menge gemischt sind, dagegen wird es in einer Mischung des Serums und der Tyrode'schen oder Lock'-schen Lösung umgekehrt stark adsorbiert. (Fig. 5-11.) 7. Bei der Zerstörung der physiologischen Funktion der Blutkörperchen durch physikalisch-chemische Verfahren wird die Adrenalinadsorption verhindert. (Fig. 13.) en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamuraNagawo en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Nagawo kn-aut-name=岡村榮雄 kn-aut-sei=岡村 kn-aut-mei=榮雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1047 end-page=1064 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=19390531 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die Isolierung des adsorbierten Adrenalins aus den Blutkörperchen und die Adrenalinbestimmung im Blute kn-title=赤血球吸着「アドレナリン」ノ分離竝ニ血中「アドレナリン」量測定法ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Vor einiger Zeit kounte ich die interessante Tatsache feststellen, dass im Kanincheu das Blutadrenalin durch die roten Blutkörperchen in vivo und in vitro unerwartet stark adsorbiert wird, dass ferner diese Adrenalinadsorption durch geringen Traubenzucker(0.3-0.5%) oder Alkali-Zusatz oder Körpertemperatur befördert, dagegen durch NaCl, Säure, Kälte, insbesonders aber durch Nebennierenrindensubstanz sehr stark gehemmt wird. Daher wies ich darauf hin, dass bei der Prüfung des Adrenalins im Blut es nötig ist, erstens einen chemisch reinen Adrenalinextrakt aus Blutkörperchen und Vollblut anzuwenden und zweitens die Adsorptionswirkung der Blutkörperchen zu berücksichtigen. Fast gleichzeitig veröffentlichste Cahen eine Technik, bei der zur Blutadrenalinbestimmung eine Mischlösung von Plasma und bespültem Abguss von roten Blutkörperchen angewendet wird, weil dasselbe das Adrenalin adsorbiert. Daraufhin stellte ich Untersuchungen an über den Isolierungsmechanismus des Blutkörperchenadrenalins, unter vergleichender Berücksichtigung meines Vorschlags und der Cahen'schen Technik. Es seien darüber folgende nähere Angaben gemacht. I. Isolierung des in vitro adsorbierten Blutkorperchenadrenalins. a) Adsorption: 10-20ccm defibriniertes Arterienblut von normalen Baninchen wurden abzentrifugiert (15 Minuten lang, 3000). Zu dem getrennten Serum setzt man geringe Mengen Traubenzucker und Adrenalin (1:0.1-1 Million) zu. Mit kalter physiologischer Kochsalzlösung wurden die Blutkörperchen des Tieres durch Zentrifuge 3 Mal gewaschen. Dann wurde eine bestimmte Menge des AdrenalinSerums und eine gleiche Menge der gewaschenen Blutkörperchen gemischt und im Wasserbad von 38°C 10-30 Minuten lang erwärmt. Darauf wurden Serum und Blutkörperchen durch die gleiche Zentrifuge wieder abgetrennt. Dabei isolierte Blutkörperchen wurden durch eine 3-fache Menge dest. Wassers vollständig aufgelöst. b) Isolierung: 1ccm Blutköperchen, die das Adrenalin adsorbiert batten, wurden mit 2ccm Kochsalzlösung aufgeschwemmt: die verschiedenen Reagentien wurden hinzugefügt und diese Mischung 10 Minuten lang stehen gelassen, um die Wirkung dieser Medikamente auf das adsorbierte Adrenalin zu untersuchen. Durch die gleiche Zentrifugierung wurde die Losung von den Blutkörperchen getrennt und in gleicher Weise einige Male abgespult. Nach 5-7-maligem Waechen wurden die Blutkörperchen schliesslich durch Aq. dest. aufgelöst. Die Adrenalinmenge wurde mit dieser Lösung durch die Kaninchendünndarmmethods von Kodama, die Ohrgefässmethode von Pissemski und ausser dem durch Blutdruckmethode in der Carotis bestimmt. c) Resultat: Durch rote Blutkörperchen wird das dem Serum hinzugefügte Adrenalin zu ca. 40-65%, adsorbiert; dabei findet man in dieser Mischung keine Zersetzung des Adrenalins. In der ersten isolierten Lösung findet man die grösate Adrenalinmenge. Die Adrenalinmenge vermindert sich nach und nach durch Waschen, doch lässt sich noch in der 5.-7. isolierten Lösung eine Adrenalinwirkung nachweisen. In zum fünften bis siebten Male gewaschenen Blutkörperchen findet man noch 20-30% des adsorbierten Adrenalins. Niedrige Temperatur, Säure und NaCl befördern die Isolierung des Blutkörperchenadrenalins. II. Isolierung des in vivo adsorbierten Blutkörperchenadrenalins. a) Adsorption: Das Adrenalin (0.05mg pro Kilo) wurde normalen Kaninchen intravenös injiziert. Nach 5.-7. Minuten wurde das Blut in Citratlösung oder das defibriniertes Blut entnommen und sofort abzentrifugiert. b) Isolierung: 1ccm zentrifugierte Blutkörperchen wurden mit 2 corn Kochsalzlosung abzentrifugiert und dabei die verschiedenen Medikamente der Waschlösung hinzugefügt. c) Resultat: In normalen Blutkorperchen lässt sich durch die oben genannte Versuchsweise nur eine geringe Adrenalinwirkung feststellen; dagegen findet man nach Adrenalininjektiou bei den Blutkörperchen des Versuchtiers eine stark positive Adrenalinwirkung. Die Adrenalinwirkung der isolierten Losung zeigt sich am stärksten in der 4-7 Mal gewaschenen Lösung. Durch Kälte, Säure, NaCl und insbesonders Nebennierenrindensubstanz wird die Isolierung des Adrenaline aus den Blutkörperchen stark befördert, dagegen wirkt Traubenzucker und Alkali-Zusatz umgekehrt; die Isolierung wird bei diesem sehr gehemmt. In der bespülten Lösung findet man ausser dem Adrenalin auch noch Gefässkontraktionssubstanz, aber diese Substanz ist labil gegen Säure und ist viel thermostabiler als Adrenalin, da sie nach einer 30 Minuten langen Erhitzung auf 56℃ noeh wirksam bleibt. Zusammenfassung. Das Adrenalin wird sowie in vitro als auch in vivo stark durch Blutkorperchen fest adsorbiert. Dieses gebundene Adrenalin wird durch einigemales Waschen nicht abgetrennt, es wird jedoch durch ofteres Waschen oder durch Medikamentzusatz teilweise wieder abgetrennt. Es ist sehr interessant, dass die Nebennierenrindensubstanz auf die Isolierung des Blutkörperchenadrenalins spezifisch wirkt. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkamuraNagawo en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Nagawo kn-aut-name=岡村榮雄 kn-aut-sei=岡村 kn-aut-mei=榮雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=784 end-page=792 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=19390430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über die elektrophysikalischen Studien auf den Zellfarbung kn-title=細胞及ビ色素ノ物理化學的諸性質ト染色ノ關係ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Verfasser hat Studien über Zellfarbung untergenommen, und beschriebt hier ihre Resultat: 1) Der elektrischen Wiederstand der Losung gemesst mit Konpensationsverfahren nach Kohlrausch, nimmt sich nachfolgender Reihe gemäss zu; "Marachitgron Eosin Methylviolett Kongorot Vitalrot Methylenblau". 2) Die elektrische Ladung des Blutkorperchens vermindert sich durch seines Farbstoffadsorption. 3) Der Farbstoff passiert Animalmenbran durch und die Diffusionspotential finden sich zwischen bei mit einem Menbran getrennten, heterotonischen Farbstofflosungen statt. 4) Das Wesen der Zellfärbung ist Adsorption und Diffusion. 5) Der absoluten an zellen adsorbierten Farbstoffmenge in der verdünnten saurenfarbstofflosungen ist der Molekulargewicht des Farbstoffes, der dynamischen Oberflachen-energie, und der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit der Losung, oder den Diffusionspotential des Farbstoffes in Wasser. proportional. Sie steht im umgekehrten Verhaltnisse gegen die Grosse der Molekularkonzentration, elektrischen Widerstand, und die Senkung der Oberflachen-energie von Lösung. Diejenige in der basischen Farbstofflosungen ist dem Molekulargewicht, des Farbstoffes, der dynamischen Oberflächen-energie, oder dem elektrischen Widerstand proportional; umgekehrt der Molekularkonzentration, elektrische Leitfähigkeit, der Senkung der Oberflächen-energie, oder Diffusionspotential des Farbstoffes ins Wasser. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IgaYasuo en-aut-sei=Iga en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name=伊賀安男 kn-aut-sei=伊賀 kn-aut-mei=安男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=773 end-page=783 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=19390430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Über das Adsorptions vorgang des Farbstoffes am Blutkörperchen kn-title=細胞ノ色素吸着ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Die nach Defibrinierung, zentrifugierten Rindesblutkärperchen wurde mehrmal mit isotonischen Traubenzuckerlosung gewäschen, und diese gereiniegten Blutkorperchen wurden in die isotonischen Farbstoffzuckerlosung suspensieren lassen, und nach 10 Minuten wurden die Suspension zentrifugiert. Die in die Blutkärperchen absorbierten Farbstoffmenge bestimmt mann in die Weise, dass mann zuerst Farbenkonzentration der Farbstofflosung kolorimetrisch bestimmt, dann nach der Zusetzung von gewischen Menge der gewaschenen Blutkärperchen, an der zentrifugierten klaren Flussigkeit wieder. Die Differenz zwischen beiderbestimmungen zeigt naturlich an der zugesetzten Blutkorperchen adsorbierten Farbstoffmenge. Die Resultat sind nachfolgenderweise: 1) Die Molekularkonzentration jeder 1% wasserigen Farbstofflosung, mit Gefrierpunkterniederung nach Beckmann bestimmt, ansteigt entsprexhend dem Reihen, "Methylenblau Kongorot Methylviolett Eosin Marachitgrün Vitalrot". 2) Der Oberflachen-energie der Farbstofflosung, mit Nouvyschen Tensiometer gemessen, stuft sich in der Reihenfolge ab; "Methylenblau Eosin Vitalrot Methylviolett Kongorot Marachitgrün". Alle Farbstoff die verwendte sind sog. Adsorption-positiv an dem Grenze zwischen ihrer wasserlosung und irgend einer Ander Phase. 3) Die Gultigkeit des Gesetzes von Adsorptionsisothermischen Zusammenhang (log M 1/n log A bei Konstante Temperatur) zwischen Blutkörperchen und Farbstofflösung. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IgaYasuo en-aut-sei=Iga en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name=伊賀安男 kn-aut-sei=伊賀 kn-aut-mei=安男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=2613 end-page=2627 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1940 dt-pub=19401130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Bakteriologische und serologische Studien über das Staphylolysin. (2. Mitteilung) Physikalische und physikalisch-chemische Eigenschaften der Staphylolysine. kn-title=葡萄状球菌溶血素ニ關スル細菌學的竝ニ血清學的研究（第2編）葡萄状球菌溶血素ノ性状竝ニ分離ニ關スル諸種ノ實驗的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Im vorausgehenden Bericht hat der Verfasser die Resultate seiner Untersuchungen über die Staphylolysinbildung und seine hamolytischen Eigenschaften berichtet. In diesen Mitteilungen wird die physikalische Wirkung auf Staphylolysine, Adsorption und reine Isolierung kurz angegeben. 1. Staphylolysin ist gegen Hitze meistens sehr labil, es wird nämlich bei einer 30 Minuten oder weniger dauernden Erhitzung von 56°C zerstört; doch gibt es einige thermostabile Arten desselben, die bei Erhitzung von 80-90°C 30 Minuten lang noch die hämolytische Wirkung behalten. Alle Staphylolysine verlieren jedoch ihre hämolytische Fähigkeit bei einem Hitzegrad von 100°C nach 3 Minuten. Einige Forscher haben die Beobachtung gemacht, dass das bei einer 30 Minuten währenden Erhitzung von 65°C inaktivierte Staphylolysin bei 3 minutiger Erhitzung von 100°C wieder aktiv wurde, der Verfasser konnte jedoch eine solche Wiederherstellung der hämolytischen Wirksamkeit nicht beobachten. 2. Filtrate von Bouillon-Kulturen, die viel Staphylolysin enthielten, wurden mit Alkohol gemischt, den Proteingehalt niederzuschlagen. Damit kann man den Verteilungsgrad des Staphylolysins in der enteiweissten Flüssigkeit und in den Eiweissbestandteilen bestimmen. Dann wurde der Hämolysintiter ersterer untersucht, aber keine Unterschiede im Titer im Vergleich. mit den ursprünglichen Filtraten festgestellt. Verfasser sieht als Ursache dafür an, dass die Staphylolysine keine innige Beziehung zur Eiweissfraktion des Bouillonfiltrates zeigen. 3. Das Staphylolysin in Bouillon-Filtraten konnte mit Hilfe verschiedener Adsorbenda wie Tierkohle, Kaolin, Alsilin etc. leicht adsorbiert werden. Dabei zeigte Tierkohle die grösste Adsorption, Adsorbin und Alsilin kamen in zweiter Linie und Kaolin zeigte die geringste Adsorptionsfahigkeit. 4. Staphylolysin wurde von roten Blutkörperchen, die mit Formalin fixiert waren, gar nicht adsorbiert. 5. Durch verschiedene Adsorbenda adsorbiertes Staphylolysin konnte von ihnen wieder befreit werden durch Darstellung der Suspension dieser Adsorbenda und Beisetzung von 7.3% iger Saccharose, 5.5% iger Glukoselösung oder destilliertem Wasser. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimizuKoji en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name=清水光治 kn-aut-sei=清水 kn-aut-mei=光治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=54 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=1889 end-page=1916 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1942 dt-pub=19421130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Quantitativer Verlauf der Bindung zwischen Antigen und Antikörper. 2. Mitteilung Über Bindung zwischen Blutkörperchen und Hämolysine kn-title=抗原抗體ノ量的關係ヨリ觀タル吸收曲線ニ就テ（第2報）赤血球ト溶血素特ニForssman氏抗體トノ關係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In der ersten Mittteilung berichtete Verfasser über Absorptionsverhältnisse zwischen Präzipitinogen und Präzipitine. In diesem Teil soll über die Bindung zwischen den Roteblutkörperchen von Ziegen und ihrem Hämolysin oder der Rote und Forssmanschem Antikörper, die durch Immunisierung des Kaninchens mit Meerschweinchennieren hergestellt wurden. Weiter studierte Veriasser mit formalinfixierter Rote diese Bindungsverhältnisse. Als Antigen zur Bindung folgt er auch aus Bindungszone des Hämolysins nach d.h. die geeignete Antigenmenge zur benützten Hämolysine; damit kann man höchste Verdünnung des Hämolysins nachweisen. Dabei wurde das Komplement auch mit Antigenverdunnung Parallel verdunnt. Nach der Bindnng wurde die übriggebliebene Hamolysine wieder bestimmt und die absorbierte Hamolysinmenge ausgerechnet. 1) Unter bestimmten Bedingungen findet man zwischen Roteblutkörperchen und Hämolysine die Entstehung der Freundlichschen Adsorptionsisotherme, wie die Adsorption zwischen Kolloiden untereinander. Wenn man die Hämolysinmenge zu bestimmter Rote in steigender Weise zusetzt, so erhalt man eine stärkere Absorptionsmenge bei vermehrtem Hämolosinzusatz. Doch der Absorptionskoeffizient, die relative Zahl zwischen absorbierter Hamolysinmenge und zugesetzter Hämolysinmenge, verhält sich umgekehrt. 2) Damit die Freundlichsche Adsorptionsisotherme bei Hämolysinabsorption entstehen kann, sind folgende Bedingungen nötig: a) Wenn man auf Grund der Bindungszone des Hämolysins die Rotemenge als Adsor/bens verwendet, so entsteht die Adsorptionsisotherme bei verschieden zugesetzter Hämoly sinmenge aus der übrigbleibenden Hämolysinmenge nach Bindung ausgerechnet und stellt eine Parabel dar. (Tabelle 4. u. Fig.8) b) Wenn man die Rotemenge ausser der odengenannten Bindungszone als Absorbens anwendet, so stellt diese Kurve keinc Parabel mehr dar sondern neigt zur geraden Linie, wie beim Präzipitinversuch. (Fig.1) c) Es gibt bei jeder Rotemenge eine Absorptionsgrenze, sodass bei steigendem Hämolysinzusatz keine Adsorptionsisotherme mehr entsteht. (Tabelle 4, 5, u.6) 3) Statt Ziegenhämolysine mit der Forssmanschen Heterolysine entsteht die Adsorptionsisotherme auch gegen Ziegenrotebindung unter denselben Bedingungen, aber es zeigt sich dabei eine noch stärkere Bindungskraft auf Ziegenrote als die entsprechende Ziegenhämolysine. 4) Durch Formalinbehandlung wurde bei den Roteblutkörperchen die Bindungseigenschaft gegen Hämolysine et was gestört. Diese Beziehung sieht man noch deutlich bei. Immunhämolysine von formalinfixierter Ziegenrobe und richt behandelter Ziegenrote. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuenagaKunitada en-aut-sei=Suenaga en-aut-mei=Kunitada kn-aut-name=末永邦忠 kn-aut-sei=末永 kn-aut-mei=邦忠 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=55 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=1726 end-page=1753 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1943 dt-pub=19431231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Die Beziehungen der Zuckerevakuation aus dem Magen zum Blutzuckerspiegel. I. Mitteilung. Die Fälle, die die Glucoselösungen von verschiedenen Konzentrationen in den Magen eingeführt wurden kn-title=「妊婦尿ホルモン」ノ抗體産生ニ關スル知見 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Es ist eine grosse Frage, ob durch Hormon die Antikörperbildung beim Versuchstier hergestellt wird, weil das Antigen nicht als etwas Einheitliches angesehen werden kann. Dagegen enthalten diese Hormonantigene viele andere Stoffe, die such Antikörperbildung bei Immunisierung hervorrufen können. Zweitens gibt es im Handel zu wenige Hormonmittel als. Antigen zur Immunisierung. Verfasser immunisierte Baninchen mit verschiedenen Hormonstoffen, z. B. Schwangerharn, adsorbiertes Hormonantigen oder Schwangereeram, untersuchte durcb Präzipitinreaktion odor Komplementbinduagsreaktion das Antiserum und beobachtete, ob dabei spezifisches Antihormon gebildet würdc. Auch untersuchte er die Antihormonwirkung an lebenden Tieren nach Zondek und Aschheim. Auf Grund der Ergebnisse meiner Untersuchungen kann man folgendermassen sagen: 1) Durch Kaolin und Adsorbin kann man das Hormon der Schwangerschaft im Sohwangerharn adsorbieren. Nach Injektion von lebenden Tieren wirkt das durch Kaolin adsorbierte Hormon auf die Zondekreaktion positiv, weil das Hormon im Tierleib vom Kaolin wieder befreit wird. Dagegen wird das durcb Adsorbin adsorbierte Hormon nicht mehr befreit. 2) Durch vielmalige Immunisierung mit Schwangerharn selbst oder mit Adsorbin adsorbiertem Harn zeigt die Antikörperbildung durch Präzipitinreaktion oder Komple. mentbindung mit versohiedenen Hormonantigenen eine positive Reaktion. Leider reagiert dieses Antiserum auch positiv mit Menschenharneiweiss oder sogar Menschenserum. 3) Dieses Antiserum reagiert such mehr oder minder mit den im Handel befindlichen Hormonmitteln. Durch Adsorption mit Serum und Harneiweiss bleibt das Präzipitin ein wenig. Damit kann Verfasser das Antihormon in engerem Sinne andeuten. 4) -Durch Injektion mit Antihormon und Hormonstoff beobachtet er auch in einigen Fällen negative Zondekreaktion. 5) Bei Immunisierung mit Schwangerharn beobachtet er eine stärkere Präzipitinbildung gegen Harneiweiss als beim Kontroll-Harnantigen, das kein Hormon enthält. So kann man die befördernde Wirkung des Hormons aut die Antikörperbildung daraus vermuten. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgiharaTakeo en-aut-sei=Ogihara en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=世木田務 kn-aut-sei=世木田 kn-aut-mei=務 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學衛生學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1675 end-page=1685 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=19540831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the immunity of Newcastle disease virus Part III: The toxin of Newcastle disease virus kn-title=Newcastle Disease Virusの免疫に関する研究 第3編 Newcastle disease virusの毒素の研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There have been made few reports on the virus toxins except those of psitacossis-lymphogranuloma and influenza groups, and, as to the Newcastle disease virus, the existence of its toxin is only presumed by Upton. Considering the fact that this toxin is neutralized by the immune serum of Newcastle disease virus, this toxin seems to have some relationship with the immunity of the virus. Therefore, the author makes reports on the fact that the Newcastle disease virus has its toxin, and about the various results gained by studying its properties. 1) The intraveneous and intraabdominal injection of the chorioallantoic fluid inoculated with this virus, could kill the injected hosts such as chickens and mice. In the case of chickens, it took less than 24 hours to kill, and in the case of mice, the animals died with convulsion. 2) This toxic substance seems to be the virus itself, because the virulence of this toxin and the concentration of virus went parallel to each other and this toxin was not able to be separated from the virus by means of kaolin-adsorption and-dissociation. 3) This virus proliferated for 48 hours in embryonated eggs showed greater virulence than that proliferated for 24 hours. In this test, however, the quantities of virus were adjusted that their infectious titer might be the same one. 4) If this virus is kept at 6°C, it lost its virulence earlier than the infectious titer. Against heating, however, this virulence was a little more stable than the infectious titer, and, in the presence of formalin, these two were lost parallel to each other. 5) The lethal toxin of Newcastle disease virus was neutralized by antiserum and was also neutralized in the bodies of immunized hosts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakagawaFumio en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name=中川文雄 kn-aut-sei=中川 kn-aut-mei=文雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部細菌学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1661 end-page=1673 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=19540831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the immunity of Newcastle disease virus Part II: The antigenicity of Newcastle disease virus produced from the hosts' organs infected with it kn-title=Newcastle Disease Virusの免疫に関する研究 第2編 感染動物臓器よりつくつたNewcastle virus vaccineの抗原性に就て en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Although there are many investigations about the effects of various antigens of the Newcastle disease virus, the author makes reports on the antigenicity of this virus and also on the immune effects of various fractions obtained on the way of purification of the used materials. The materials chosen for this research were the fowl brains and chick-embryos infected with this virus. 1) In the case where the tissue emulsion was chosen as vaccine, the emulsized tissue as it was had very remarkable effect. 2) Whether formal dehyde or merzonin may be used for inactivation, the immune effect remained to the same degree. 3) The condensation of chorioallantoic fluid to one-fifth of it by Brumfield's methanol sedimentation method, showed great loss of antigenicity, having the hemagglutination and infectious titers of only one-second of those of the original chorioallantoic fluid. 4) The purified and non-purified antigens of the infected chorioallantoic fluid and of 10% emulsions of the fowl brains and chick-embyros were inoculated into the hearts of chickens. Then the purified antigen of chorioallantoic fluid and non-purified antigen of emulsized chick-embryos showed better results than the others, in all of the tests of sen sitized cell agglutination, hemagglutination and of protection against infection. 5) The Newcastle disease virus had its kaolin-adsorption and -dissociation points at pH 4.0 and 8.0 respectively, and the adsorption on kaolin was well performed by repeating it twice. 6) Studying the nitrogen quantity and infectious titer of the kaolin-adsorption and -dissociation products of 10% fowl brain emulsions, the supernatant of adsorption was rich in tissue components and poor in viruses, but that of dissociation was rich in viruses and poor in tissue components. 7) The portion, which is rich in tissue elements and poor in viruses, showed greater antigenicity than the other portion, when they were inactivated and inoculated into chick-hearts. Considering the above-mentioned results, the emulsized chick-embryos as these are seem to be the best one as the antigen of Newcastle disease virus, in view of the intensity of the antigenicity, and the possibility of intramuscular injection and mass production. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakagawaFumio en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name=中川文雄 kn-aut-sei=中川 kn-aut-mei=文雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部細菌学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=909 end-page=918 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1954 dt-pub=19540531 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The experimental study of Colibacteriophage Report I Chromatograph of Colibacteriophage kn-title=大腸菌ファージの実験的研究 第一編 大腸菌ファージのクロマトグラフ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Since 1940 the study of phage opened not only the beginning of co-operate study for physicists and chemists, but also the phage came to be clearified its character as the Bacterio Virus gradually. Then the study of phage made not a few contributions to the development of the study of Virus as model material of its kind. Now, these results are due to the endeavors of such scholars as Delbrück, Anderson, Cohen, Putznam, Doermann, Wyckoff and their co-operators mainly. Then, Charles. C. Shepard found out the characteristics of a distinctive nature in paperstrips in the course of investigations for the adsorptive behavior of Viruses. I tried some experiments in the paperchromatograph and capillarglass-chromatograph about the conditions that the phagef of coli-strains being adsorbed and recovered by paper and capillarglass. 1. The solvent employed here was 0.1% bovine serum albumin in 0.1 M sodium chloride. 2. The solution employed was colibacteriophage diluted appropriately in the same solvent. 3. The adsorbent employed was Toyo-filterpaper and capillarglass which were treated previously by 0.01 M hydrochloric acid and then washed by glasswather. 4. The experiments were carried out in an ice-box. At the beginning of an experiment a paperstrip was placed in the test tube so that it might not touch the sides, but touch the 20 ml. of solvent placed beforehand in the bottom of the tube. When the water front passed the second 1.25 cm section, 0.002 ml. of phage diluted in the same solvent appropriately as was placed in the bottom of the tube was quickly placed in the center of the second section and. the paper returned to the position in the tube. When the water front passed the last marked section, the paper was removed from the tube and ten marked sections were quickly cut off into their respective ten test tubes each containing of a culture of E. coli-strains. For a period of not more than 10 minutes, the ten sections of paper were stirred occasionally and pressed against the sides of the tubes. At the end of it, 0.5 ml. were taken out and added it to 3.0 ml. of 0.7% agar; the resultant 3.5 ml. were mixed up and poured on a 1%, agarplate. There was recovered viable phage in a considerable degree. 5. It seems to me that this recoveries of phage has been carried out due to the presence of bovine serum albumin. The chromatograph conducted here would seem to involbe the mixture of elution and displacement in the Terminology of Tiselius. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SasakiK. en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name=佐々木峻 kn-aut-sei=佐々木 kn-aut-mei=峻 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部衛生学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=12-2 article-no= start-page=8337 end-page=8342 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19591130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Formation of Verdohemochrome and It's Property Part 2 Studies on the Combination of Verdohemochrome and Protein kn-title=Verdohemochromeの生成とその性状に関する研究 第2篇 Verdohemochromeと蛋白質との結合に関する検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The combination of the verdohematin produced by the method of R. Lemberg and the human serum which was previously produced or globin of hemoglobin was observed. And the results were as follows. 1. Verdohematin combined with albumin of human serum and albumin verdohemichrome and degenerative albumin verdohemichrome were produced. 2. The production of albumin verdohemochrome and albumin verdohemichrome was spectrochemically observed on the decomposition process of the methemalbumin, which was produced by the combination of hematin with human serum, to bile pigment. 3. Verdohemation combined with globin of unchanged hemoglobin and globin verdohemichrome was produced. 4. The adsorption maximum agreeing with that of globinverdohemichrome was not obtained on the decomposition process of hemoglobin to bile pigment. Therefore, there were some difference of chemical constitutional formula between the substances named choleglobin or verdohemoglobin. 5. Verdohematin was relatively stable to the oxydation by the combination with albumin and globin. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatamiShigeo en-aut-sei=Katami en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=形見重男 kn-aut-sei=形見 kn-aut-mei=重男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=7-2 article-no= start-page=4189 end-page=4196 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590710 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Mercury Poisoning Part 1. A study on the in vivo distribution of mercury by Dithizone method kn-title=水銀中毒に関する研究 第1編 Dithizone法による水銀の生体内分布に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the comparative study on the mercury distribtuion in the principal organs, blood, and urine of guinea pigs with acute sublimate poisoning, the author arrived at the following conclusions. 1. The microdetermination of mercury has been conducted by a modified method of the Dithizone method. By properly eliminating Cu io which becomes an obstacle and by paying a sufficient precaution to the preparation of the reagent as well as to the determination procedures, a high sensitivity will be attained and for the microdetermination of mercury contained in organic substances such a method will prove to be an excellent one. 2. The kidneys are proven to show a great affinity to mercury, revealing a marked adsorption of mercury. In addition, the urine as an excretory carrier presents a relatively large amount of mercury next to the kidneys. 3. In the spleen and caecum likewise a considerable amount of mercury has been adsorbed, followed by the heart, lungs, large intestines, Small intestines, and stomach in the order mentioned. 4. The amount of mercury adsorbed in the liver and blood is insignficantly small. 5. The total amount of mercury contained in the urine, blood, as well as in the principal organs is greatest in the kidneys, followed by the urine, caecum, large intestines, liver, blood, small intestines, lungs, heart, stomach, and spleen in the order mentioned. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KobayashiKyozo en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Kyozo kn-aut-name=小林喬三 kn-aut-sei=小林 kn-aut-mei=喬三 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1951 dt-pub=195108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF METALS BY ORGANIC REAGENTS (Ist Report) kn-title=有機試藥による金属クロマトグラフ分析法とその応用（第1法） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The principle of this method is to combine the metals with organic reagents, then extract them with non-polar solvents, and determine them by making chromatograph with adequate adsorbents. Dithizone is used to determine Hg, Cd, Bi, Ag, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, Tl, Pb, Pd and its isotopes, Pt group, Au, etc. Diphenylcarbazone is applicable to determine Hg, Cu, Zn, Ni, etc. Xanthate is useful to determine Mo, Cu, Ni, Co, etc. α-orβ- Nitrosoβ- orα-naphthol is used to determine Fe, Co, earth acids etc. Diethyldithiocarbamate is used to determine Mo, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, etc. Oxine series are useful to determine Cu, Ni, Fe, V, rare earth etc. α-indolcarbonic acid is applied to determine Fe, Co, rare earth etc. Acethyl acetone is used to determine Th, Fe, etc. Some other organic reagents were used moreover. There are some elements of which necessary condition for quantitative determination is still not decided or the order of adsorption is indefmite. As adsorbents alkaline, neutral or acid alumina, diatom earth and aluminate, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, urea formaline resin, heulandite, mordenite, desmine, chabazite etc· were used. With this method the author tryed severd determinations on rocks, minerals, mineral springs, organisms etc. The contento; of Cu, Zn, Ni and Co in rocks were 0.007, 0.008, 0.002 and 0.004% respectively. Cobalt content proved to be more than that of nickel. The mercury content of rocks was proved to be 10 times more to Clarke number, bismuth and cadmium content as same as or less than Clarke number. Silver in plants, soil and mineral waters, platinum in serpentine; mercury, cadmium, bismuth etc in mineral waters, trace heavy metals in organism, etc were determined. Radium B and Thorium B in hot spring waters were used as tracer. As organic solvents methyl-, ethyl-, butyl-, amy1-, octyl alcohol, dioxan, benzol, toluene, xylol, petroleum ether, ether, ethylacetate, chloloform, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide etc were applied. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AshizawaTakashi en-aut-sei=Ashizawa en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=芦沢峻 kn-aut-sei=芦沢 kn-aut-mei=峻 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学溫泉研究所化学部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=48 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=195801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=THE CHANGE IN CONCENTRATION OF FERROUS IRON AND REDUCIBLE IRON, DISSOLVED IN SPRING WATER AT MISASA HOT SPRINGS, JAPAN, DURING PRESERVATION OF THE WATER SAMPLE IN A SEALED BOTTLE kn-title=鳥取県三朝温泉の温泉水中の二価鉄及び可還元鉄の密栓放置による濃度変化について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The two sprigns called "Tanaka-no-Yu" and "Hisui-no-Yu" at Misasa Hot Springs, japan (Fig. 1), suitable for sampling the unpolluted water, the locations of which, are shown in Fig. 2, were chosen for this study. The o-phenanthroline method, details of which were discussed in the previous report by the author (Repts. Balneol. Lab. Okyama Univ., 17, 1, (1956)) was used for the determination of ferrous iron, ferrous iron + reducible iron, and ferrous iron + reducible iron + colloidally dispersed iron (to be referred to as "total irons" in this report). For comparison, the change in concentratin of iron dissolved in distilled water during preservation in a sealed bottle was observed, and the results obtained for the solutions with the pH values of 5.4 and 5.8 are illustrated in Fig.3 and Fig.5, rspectively. Both ferrous and reducible iron disappear within 5 minutes, when the pH of the solution is 6.4. The hydrogen ion concentration was thus seen to give a sensitive effects on the speed of diminution of ferrous and reducible iron dissolved in the distilled water. It should be noticed that no appreciable diminution was observed during the period from 60 min. to 120 min,. It is probable that the diminution of total iron is caused by the adsorption of colloidal iron hydroxides on the wall of glass bottle. The effects of charged anion (SO(4)(--)) on the change in concentration of iron during preservation was also investigated, but no appreciable effect was found. (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6). Fig.7, Fig.8, and Fig.9 show the change in concentration of iron during preservation of the spring water at "Tanaka-no-Yu". The content of iron in the spring water is about 0.3 mg/l, and its pH value is about 7.1. For the first 30 minutes, ferrous iron diminishes rapidly, the slope of the diminution curve being sharp and almost straight. Thereafter the slope becomes gentler, and, after an hour, the slope approaches nearly zero. On the other hand, ferrous iron dissolved in distilled water disappears in a moment at the same pH 7.1. Fig.10, Fig.11, and Fig.12 show the change in concentration of iron during preservation of the spring water at "Hisui-no-Yu". The content of iron in the spring water is about 1.0 mg/l, and its pH value is about 6.4. In this case, the diminution of ferrous iron is not remarkable, and only 20% of the initial quantity diminishes within 2 days. Whereas, in the case of distilled water, the diminution is very rapid at the same pH 6,4, and the ferrous iron disappears completely within 5 minutes. In Fig.13 the speed of diminution of iron in distilled water and that in spring water are compared. The difference here seen may probably be due either to that the ferrous iron in spring water is in a certain complex form not easily oxidizable, or to that the spring water contains some reducing substances. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaShigeo en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name=田中重男 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=重男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所化学部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=31 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=195910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Clinical Studies on Anemia in Rheumatoid Arthritis (II) kn-title=関節リウマチの貧血に関する臨牀的研究 第2報： 関節リウマチ患者の血清鉄量の消長について. 付血清銅量 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=II. Iron Metabolism 1. The serum iron: The serum iron was estimated by the method of Umemoto and Yamamoto (by means of o-nitroso resorcinmonomethylether) The average serum iron level of 33 cases with rheumatoid arthritis was 47γ/100 ml., and in 27 of 33 cases (82%) the serum iron levels were shown to be below　the lower limit of the normal range (5% rejection limit: 54-141γ/100 ml. ), but the concentrations of serum iron of neuralgias (degenerative Spondylosis, sciatica and painful shoulder) were mostly within the normal range. 2. Iron absorption: To investigate the possible role of poor absorption in preventing a response to oral iron therapy, the changes in serum iron were followed after a test of iron by mouth in 16 caseS with rheumatoid arthritis. The test dose was 1 gm. of reduced iron given with 30 mI. of lemonade-pepsin solution to preserve the iron in the ferrous state and obviate the effects of possible achlorhydria in rheumatoid patients. The results may be grouped under three headings: a) Large rise in serum iron: good adsorption. Three caseS (19%) showed a very large rise in serum iron after the test dose, which is similar to simple iron-deficiency anemia. b) Slight rise in serum iron: presumed poor absorption. Six cases (38%) showed a very small or negligible rise after the test dose, so that at its peak the serum iron was below the normal range. c) In the remaining 7 cases, a maximal rise in serum iron after the test dose was within the normal range. 3. The iron-binding capacity of the serum: The iron-binding capacity of the serum was estimated by means of intravenous injection of Gluferricon (Fe content: 10 mg.). The mean total iron-binding capacity of the serum in the present 13 cases with rheumatoid arthritis was 273γ/100ml., virtually the same as the normal figure (287γ /100 ml.). The degree of saturation of the iron-binding protein with iron was found to lie between 18 and 45% (average: 34%) in control sUbjects and between 7 and 24% (average: 16%) in rheumatoid patients. 4. The serum copper: The serum copper was estimated by means of diethyldithiocarbamate in rheumatoid arthritis with the following results. Healthy subjects: men (15 cases): mean 89.9±14.8γ /l00 ml., women (15 cases): mean 99.9± 12.6γ/100 ml. There is no significant difference between the two. In 10 of 17 cases (57%) with rheumatoid arthritis, the serum copper levels were shown to be above the upper limit of the normal range (57-138γ/100 ml. ・・・5% rejection limit), neuralgias were mostly (92%) within the normal range. The results of investigations upon alternations in iron metabolism of rheumatoid anemia are reported. 1. The serum iron concentration was usually reduced. 2. The intestinal absorption of iron after a single dose of 1 gm. of reduced iron was variable. Strong presumptive evidence of impaired absorption waS recognised in many cases, but some cases gave the excellent absorption. From these results, it seems that simple iron deficiency exist in some anemic caseS of rheumatoid arthritis. 3. The total iron-binding capacity of the serum was slightly reduced. 4. The degree of Saturation of iron-binding protein with iron was below nornal. 5. The serum copper concentration waS usually elevated. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoYasuhisa en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yasuhisa kn-aut-name=山本泰久 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=泰久 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=104 cd-vols= no-issue=22-24 article-no= start-page=3469 end-page=3477 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20061001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Line adsorption in a mean-field density functional model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Recent ideas about the analog for a three-phase contact line of the Gibbs adsorption equation for interfaces are illustrated in a mean-field density-functional model. With $d¥tau$ the infinitesimal change in the line tension $¥tau$ that accompanies the infinitesimal changes $d¥mu_i$ in the thermodynamic field variables $¥mu_i$ and with $¥Lambda_i$ the line adsorptions, the sum $d¥tau + ¥Sigma ¥Lambda_i d¥mu_i$, unlike its surface analog, is not 0. An equivalent of this sum in the model system is evaluated numerically and analytically. A general line adsorption equation, which the model results illustrate, is derived.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WidomBenjamin en-aut-sei=Widom en-aut-mei=Benjamin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Cornell University en-keyword=line tension kn-keyword=line tension en-keyword=line adsorption kn-keyword=line adsorption en-keyword=adsorption equation kn-keyword=adsorption equation en-keyword=three-phase equilibria kn-keyword=three-phase equilibria en-keyword=partial wetting kn-keyword=partial wetting END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070814 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Line and boundary tensions on approach to the wetting transition en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A mean-field density-functional model often used in the past in the study of line and boundary tensions at wetting and prewetting transitions is reanalyzed by extensive numerical calculations, approaching the wetting transition much more closely than had previously been possible. The results are what are now believed to be definitive for the model. They include strong numerical evidence for the presence of the logarithmic factors predicted by theory both in the mode of approach of the prewetting line to the triple-point line at the point of the first-order wetting transition and in the line tension itself on approach to that point. It is also demonstrated with convincing numerical precision that the boundary tension on the prewetting line and the line tension on the triple-point line have a common limiting value at the wetting transition, again as predicted by theory. As a by product of the calculations, in the model's symmetric three-phase state, far from wetting, it is found that certain properties of the model's line tension and densities are almost surely given by simple numbers arising from the symmetries, but proving that these are exact for the model remains a challenge to analytical theory. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WidomB. en-aut-sei=Widom en-aut-mei=B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University en-keyword=SURFACE PHASES kn-keyword=SURFACE PHASES en-keyword=FLUID PHASES kn-keyword=FLUID PHASES en-keyword=SUBSTRATE kn-keyword=SUBSTRATE en-keyword=ADSORPTION kn-keyword=ADSORPTION en-keyword=INTERFACE kn-keyword=INTERFACE en-keyword=CONTACT kn-keyword=CONTACT en-keyword=MODEL kn-keyword=MODEL en-keyword=ICE kn-keyword=ICE END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Phase equilibria and interfacial tension of fluids confined in narrow pores en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Correlation between phase behaviors of a Lennard-Jones fluid in and outside a pore is examined over wide thermodynamic conditions by grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. A pressure tensor component of the confined fluid, a variable controllable in simulation but usually uncontrollable in experiment, is related with the pressure of a bulk homogeneous system in equilibrium with the confined system. Effects of the pore dimensionality, size, and attractive potential on the correlations between thermodynamic properties of the confined and bulk systems are clarified. A fluid-wall interfacial tension defined as an excess grand potential is evaluated as a function of the pore size. It is found that the tension decreases linearly with the inverse of the pore diameter or width. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamadaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHideki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION kn-keyword=MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION en-keyword=CARBON NANOTUBES kn-keyword=CARBON NANOTUBES en-keyword=WATER kn-keyword=WATER en-keyword=TRANSITION kn-keyword=TRANSITION en-keyword=NANOSPACES kn-keyword=NANOSPACES en-keyword=ADSORPTION kn-keyword=ADSORPTION en-keyword=NANOPORES kn-keyword=NANOPORES en-keyword=SURFACE kn-keyword=SURFACE en-keyword=LIQUID kn-keyword=LIQUID en-keyword=WALLS kn-keyword=WALLS END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=558 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=246 end-page=253 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20060203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of a chitosan-based chelating resin and its application to the selective concentration and ultratrace determination of silver in environmental water samples en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A novel chelating resin using chitosan as a base material, ethylenediamine-type chitosan, has been synthesized for the first time in the present study, and applied to the collection/concentration of ultratrace amounts of silver in environmental water samples. In the present study, ultratrace amounts of silver collected on the resin were eluted and determined by ICP-MS. The resin packed in a 1 mL mini column could adsorb silver selectively and quantitatively at a flow rate of 2 mL min(-1) in the wide pH range from 1 to 8, and silver adsorbed on the resin could be easily recovered by passing 1 M nitric acid as an eluent into the column. High adsorption capacity for silver at pH 5, 0.37 mmol mL(-1) of the resin, was achieved, and t(1/2) of the adsorption is less than 5 min. The effect of chloride on the collection of silver was examined by varying chloride concentrations from 10(-4) to 0.75 M; the results showed that the present resin can be used for the collection/concentration of ultratrace amounts of silver in natural waters, as well as seawater. To ensure the accuracy and the precision of the method, CASS-4 near shore seawater reference material from the NRCC has been analyzed. This is not a certified SRM for silver, but has been used for comparative silver analysis by several groups, who report very similar results to those that are reported here. The developed method using ethylenediamine-type chitosan resin gives 0.7 pg mL(-1) of the detection limit when 50-fold enrichment was used. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of silver in tap, river, and seawater samples. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatarinaRosi Ketrin en-aut-sei=Katarina en-aut-mei=Rosi Ketrin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakayanagiToshio en-aut-sei=Takayanagi en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Chelating resin kn-keyword=Chelating resin en-keyword=Chitosan kn-keyword=Chitosan en-keyword=Determination of silver kn-keyword=Determination of silver en-keyword=Environmental water samples kn-keyword=Environmental water samples en-keyword=ICP-MS kn-keyword=ICP-MS END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=581 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=214 end-page=220 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070109 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Functionalization of chitosan with 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid for the adsorption/collection of uranium in water samples and its determination by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A chitosan resin derivatized with 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid moiety (CCTS-DHBA resin) was newly synthesized for the collection/concentration of trace uranium by using cross-linked chitosan (CCTS) as base material, and the adsorption behavior of uranium as well as 60 elements on the resin was examined by passing the sample solutions through a mini-column packed with the resin. After the elution of the collected elements on the resin with 1M HNO3, the eluates were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The CCTS-DHBA resin can adsorb several metal cations and several oxoanionic elements at appropriate pH. Among these metal ions, uranium shows an excellent adsorption behavior on this resin. Uranium as UO22+ species can be adsorbed on the resin by chelating mechanism with adsorption capacity of 330 mg g(-1) resin. Through the column treatment, the complete removal of large amounts of alkali and alkaline earth matrices without any loss of adsorption efficiency over prolonged usage were achieved with this resin. The CCTS-DHBA resin was applied to the adsorption/collection of uranium in tap water, river water and seawater samples with satisfactory results. The validation of the proposed method was carried out by analyzing uranium in the standard reference materials of SLRS-4, CASS-4, and NASS-5 after passing through the CCTS-DHBA resin, and the results showed good agreement with the certified values. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakayanagiToshio en-aut-sei=Takayanagi en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HakimLukman en-aut-sei=Hakim en-aut-mei=Lukman kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=GaoYun Hua en-aut-sei=Gao en-aut-mei=Yun Hua kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of International Conservation Studies, Faculty of International and Industrial Studies, Kibi International University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Chitosan resin kn-keyword=Chitosan resin en-keyword=3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid kn-keyword=3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid en-keyword=Uranium kn-keyword=Uranium en-keyword=Adsorption kn-keyword=Adsorption en-keyword=Water kn-keyword=Water en-keyword=Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry kn-keyword=Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=588 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=81 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070404 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of novel chitosan resin derivatized with serine diacetic acid moiety and its application to on-line collection/concentration of trace elements and their determination using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A novel chelating resin functionalized with serine diacetic acid moiety was synthesized by using chitosan as base material, and applied to the collection/concentration of trace elements in environmental water samples, followed by the determination using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). The synthesized resin, crosslinked chitosan serine diacetic acid (CCTS-SDA), showed good adsorption behavior toward trace amounts of Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, V, Ga, Sc, In, and Th in a wide pH range. Additionally, rare earth elements also can be retained on the resin at neutral pH region. The adsorbed elements can be easily eluted with 1 mol L-1 of nitric acid, and their recoveries were found to be 90-100%. The CCTS-SDA was packed in a mini-column, which was then installed in a cornputer-controlled auto-pretreatment system (Auto-Pret System) for on-line trace elements collection and determination with ICP-AES. Experimental parameters which related to the improvement of sensitivity and reproducibility were optimized. The limits of detection (LOD) for 13 elements were found to be in sub-ppb level. The proposed method with CCTS-SDA resin was successfully applied to the determination of trace elements in river water samples. The method was validated by determining a certified reference material of river water, SLRS-4. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LukmanHakim en-aut-sei=Lukman en-aut-mei=Hakim kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=chelating resin kn-keyword=chelating resin en-keyword=chitosan kn-keyword=chitosan en-keyword=serine diacetic acid moiety kn-keyword=serine diacetic acid moiety en-keyword=trace elements kn-keyword=trace elements en-keyword=on-line pretreatment kn-keyword=on-line pretreatment en-keyword=computer control kn-keyword=computer control en-keyword=inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry kn-keyword=inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry en-keyword=SLRS-4 kn-keyword=SLRS-4 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=542 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=207 end-page=215 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050629 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of chitosan resin possessing 3,4-diamino benzoic acid moiety for the collection/concentration of arsenic and selenium in water samples and their measurement by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A chitosan resin functionalized with 3,4-diamino benzoic acid (CCTS-DBA resin) was newly synthesized by using a cross-linked chitosan (CCTS) as base material. The adsorption behavior of trace amounts of elements on the CCTS-DBA resin was examined by the pretreatment with a mini-column and measurement of the elements by inductively coupled plasma-Mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Arsenic(V) could be retained on the CCTS-DBA resin at pH 3 as an oxoanion of H(2)ASO(4)(-). Selenium(VI) is strongly adsorbed at pH 2 and pH 3 as an oxoanion of SeO42-. while selenium(IV) as HSeO3- is adsorbed on the resin at pH 3. The sorption capacities are 82, 64, and 88 mg g(-1) resin for As(V), Se(IV), and Se(VI), respectively. The effect of common anions and cations on the adsorption of As(V), Se(IV), and Se(VI) were studied; there was no interference from such anionic matrices as chloride, sulfate, phosphate, and nitrate up to 20 ppm, as well as from such artificial river water matrices as Na, K, Mg, and Ca after passing samples through the mini-column containing the resin. The CCTS-DBA resin was applied to the collection of arsenic and selenium species in bottled drinking water, tap water, and river water. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=Cross-linked chitosan kn-keyword=Cross-linked chitosan en-keyword=3,4-diamino benzoic acid kn-keyword=3,4-diamino benzoic acid en-keyword=Arsenic kn-keyword=Arsenic en-keyword=Selenium kn-keyword=Selenium en-keyword=ICP-MS kn-keyword=ICP-MS END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1256 end-page=1260 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080523 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of chitosan-based resins modified with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine moiety and its application to collection/concentration and determination of trace mercury by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A novel chitosan-based chelating resin modified with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine moiety (CCTS-TAA) was synthesized. and its characteristics in the collection/concentration of mercury was examined. The synthesized resin showed good adsorption toward mercury in a wide pH range, and the adsorbed mercury can be easily eluted by using 2 M HNO3 without any addition of complexing agent. The resin was then packed in a mini-column and the mini-column was installed on a computer-controlled automated-pretreatment (Auto-Pret) system coupled with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) for on-line mercury collection and determination at trace level.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HakimLukman en-aut-sei=Hakim en-aut-mei=Lukman kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=resin kn-keyword=resin en-keyword=chitosan kn-keyword=chitosan en-keyword=tris(2-aminoethyl)amine moiety kn-keyword=tris(2-aminoethyl)amine moiety en-keyword=mercury kn-keyword=mercury en-keyword=on-line pretreatment kn-keyword=on-line pretreatment en-keyword=computer control kn-keyword=computer control en-keyword=inductively coupled plasma-atomic kn-keyword=inductively coupled plasma-atomic en-keyword=emission spectrometry kn-keyword=emission spectrometry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=977 end-page=985 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070819 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of cross-linked chitosan functionalized with threonine moiety and its application to on-line collection/concentration and determination of Mo, V and Cu en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A novel chitosan-based resin functionalized with threonine moiety was synthesized, and applied to the collection/concentration of Mo, V and Cu in environmental water samples, followed by their determination using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). The synthesized resin, cross-linked chitosan-threonine (CCTS-Thr), showed good adsorption behavior toward trace amounts of Mo, V and Cu in a wide pH range. The adsorbed elements can be easily eluted using 2 mol L-1 of nitric acid, and their recoveries were found to be 90-100%. The CCTS-Thr was packed in a mini-column, which was then installed in a computer-controlled auto-pretreatment system (Auto-Pret System) for on-line trace elements collection and determination by ICP-AES. Experimental parameters related to the improvement of sensitivity and reproducibility were optimized. The limits of detection (LODs) for target metals were found to be in sub-ppb level. The proposed method with CCTS-Thr resin was successfully applied to the determination of Mo, V and Cu in environmental water samples. The recovery test showed that common matrices which exist in environmental water samples did not interfere with the determination.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HakimLukman en-aut-sei=Hakim en-aut-mei=Lukman kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=resin kn-keyword=resin en-keyword=chitosan kn-keyword=chitosan en-keyword=threonine moiety kn-keyword=threonine moiety en-keyword=molybdenum kn-keyword=molybdenum en-keyword=vanadium kn-keyword=vanadium en-keyword=copper kn-keyword=copper en-keyword=on-line pretreatment kn-keyword=on-line pretreatment en-keyword=computer control kn-keyword=computer control en-keyword=inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry kn-keyword=inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=831 end-page=837 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070522 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Functionalization of chitosan with 3-nitro-4-amino benzoic acid moiety and its application to the collection/concentration of molybdenum in environmental water samples en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A chitosan resin functionalized with 3-nitro-4-amino benzoic acid moiety (CCTS-NABA resin) was newly synthesized for the collection/concentration of trace molybdenum by using cross-linked chitosan (CCTS) as base material. The carboxyl group of the moiety was chemically attached to amino group of cross-linked chitosan through amide bond formation. The adsorption behavior of molybdenum as well as other 60 elements on the resin was examined by passing the sample solutions through a mini-column packed with the resin. After the elution of the elements collected on the resin with 1 M HNO3, the eluates were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).
The CCTS-NABA resin can adsorb several metal ions, such as vanadium, gallium, arsenic, selenium, silver, bismuth, thorium, tungsten, tin, tellurium, copper, and molybdenum at appropriate pHs. Among these metal ions, only molybdenum could be adsorbed almost completely on the resin at acidic regions. An excellent selectivity toward molybdenum could be obtained at pH 3-4. The adsorption capacity of CCTS-NABA resin for Mo(VI) was 380 mg g(-1) resin. Through the column pretreatment, alkali and alkaline earth metals in river water and seawater samples were successfully removed.
The CCTS-NABA resin was applied to the adsorption/collection of molybdenum in river water and seawater samples. The concentrations of molybdenum in river water samples were found in the range of 0.84 and 0.95 ppb (ng g(-1)), whereas molybdenum in seawater was about 9 ppb. The validation of the proposed method was carried out by determining molybdenum in the certified reference materials of SLRS-4, CASS-4, and NASS-5 after passing through the CCTS-NABA resin; the results showed good agreement with the certified-values.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoguchiOsamu en-aut-sei=Noguchi en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=chitosan resin kn-keyword=chitosan resin en-keyword=3-nitro-4-amino benzoic acid kn-keyword=3-nitro-4-amino benzoic acid en-keyword=molybdenum kn-keyword=molybdenum en-keyword=adsorption behavior kn-keyword=adsorption behavior en-keyword=water and seawater kn-keyword=water and seawater en-keyword=ICP-MS kn-keyword=ICP-MS en-keyword=ICP-AES kn-keyword=ICP-AES en-keyword=certified reference materials kn-keyword=certified reference materials END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=1431 end-page=1434 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20071211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adsorption behavior of cationic and anionic species on chitosan resins possessing amino acid moieties en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Chitosan resins modified with amino acids, such as glycine, valine, leucine, and serine, were synthesized for investigating the adsorption behavior of cationic and anionic species, and showed good abilities for the adsorption of trace elements in aquatic media as follows: glycine for lanthanoids at pH 7, leucine for molybdenum at pH 1 - 5, serine for uranium at pH 2 - 7, and amino acids for bismuth at pH 1 - 7. Cationic and anionic species could be adsorbed by a chelating mechanism and an anion-exchange mechanism.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakayanagiToshio en-aut-sei=Takayanagi en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of International Conservation Studies for Cultural Properties, Faculty of Cultural Properties, Kibi International University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=CHEMICALLY-MODIFIED CHITOSAN kn-keyword=CHEMICALLY-MODIFIED CHITOSAN en-keyword=SELECTIVE ADSORPTION kn-keyword=SELECTIVE ADSORPTION en-keyword=ICP-MS kn-keyword=ICP-MS en-keyword=COLUMN COLLECTION/CONCENTRATION kn-keyword=COLUMN COLLECTION/CONCENTRATION en-keyword=COMPLEXANE TYPES kn-keyword=COMPLEXANE TYPES en-keyword=PRECIOUS METALS kn-keyword=PRECIOUS METALS en-keyword=DERIVATIVES kn-keyword=DERIVATIVES en-keyword=ION kn-keyword=ION en-keyword=COPRECIPITATION kn-keyword=COPRECIPITATION en-keyword=COPPER(II) kn-keyword=COPPER(II) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1203 end-page=1208 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20071010 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of cross-linked chitosan modified with the glycine moiety for the collection/concentration of bismuth in aquatic samples for ICP-MS determination en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A chelating resin, cross-linked chitosan modified with the glycine moiety (glycine-type chitosan resin), was developed for the collection and concentration of bismuth in aquatic samples for ICP-MS measurements. The adsorption behavior of bismuth and 55 elements on glycine-type chitosan resin was systematically examined by passing a sample solution containing 56 elements through a mini-column packed with the resin (wet volume; I ml). After eluting the elements adsorbed on the resin with nitric acid, the eluates were measured by ICP-MS. The glycine-type chitosan resin could adsorb several cations by a chelating mechanism and several oxoanions by an anion-exchange mechanism. Especially, the resin could adsorb almost 100% Bi(III) over a wide pH region from pH 2 to 6. Bismuth could be strongly adsorbed at pH 3, and eluted quantitatively with 10 ml of 3 M nitric acid. A column pretreatment method with the glycine-type chitosan resin was used prior to removal of high concentrations of matrices in a seawater sample and the preconcentration of trace bismuth in river water samples for ICP-MS measurements. The column pretreatment method was also applied to the determination of bismuth in real samples by ICP-MS. The LOD of bismuth was 0.1 pg ml(-1) by 10-fold column preconcentration for ICP-MS measurements. The analytical results for bismuth in sea and river water samples by ICP-MS were 22.9 +/- 0.5 pg ml(-1) (RSD, 2.2%) and 2.08 +/- 0.05 pg ml(-1) (RSD, 2.4%), respectively.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoguchiOsamu en-aut-sei=Noguchi en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of International Conservation Studies for Cultural Properties, Faculty of Cultural Properties, Kibi International University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=136 end-page=144 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041208 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of cross-linked chitosan possessing N-methyl-D-glucamine moiety (CCTS-NMDG) for adsorption/concentration of boron in water samples and its accurate measurement by ICP-MS and ICP-AES en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A chitosan resin derivatized with N-methyl-(D)-glucamine (CCTS-NMDG) was synthesized by using a cross-linked chitosan (CCTS) as base material. The N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG) moiety was attached to the amino group of CCTS through the arm of chloromethyloxirane. The adsorption behavior of 59 elements on the synthesized resin was systematically examined by using the resin packed in a mini-column, passing water samples through it and measuring the adsorbed elements in eluates by ICP-MS. The CCTS-NMDG resin shows high ability in boron sorption with the capacity of 0.61 mmol ml(-1) (= 2.1 mmol g(-1)). The sorption kinetics of this resin was faster than that of the commercially available resins. Other advantages of the synthesized resin are: (1) quantitative collection of boron at neutral pH regions; (2) complete removal of large amounts of matrices; (3) no loss of efficiency over prolonged usage; (4) effective collection of boron in wide range concentration using a mini column containing 1 ml resin; (5) complete elution of boron with 1 mol 1(-1) nitric acid. The resin was applied to the collection/concentration of boron in water samples. Boron in tap water and river water was found to be in the range of 6-8 mu g 1(-1). The limit of detection (LOD) of boron after pretreatment with CCTS-NMDG resin and measurement by ICP-MS was 0.07 mu g 1(-1) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0. 14 mu g 1(-1) when the volume of each sample and eluent was 10 ml.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=chitosan resin kn-keyword=chitosan resin en-keyword=N-methyl-D-glucamine kn-keyword=N-methyl-D-glucamine en-keyword=boron kn-keyword=boron en-keyword=adsorption kn-keyword=adsorption en-keyword=ICP-MS/AES kn-keyword=ICP-MS/AES END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=665 end-page=668 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080510 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adsorption Properties of Ionic Species on Cross-linked Chitosans Modified with Catechol and Salicylic Acid Moieties en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Catechol-type chitosan resin and salicylic acid-type chitosan resin were easily synthesized for use in estimating the adsorption behavior of 34 elements at pH 1 - 7 in aquatic media. The catechol-type chitosan resin could adsorb Cu(II) at pH 3 - 7, In(III) at pH 4 - 6, Pb(II) and lanthanoids at pH 5 - 7, and U(VI) at pH 4 - 7 more effectively than the salicylic acid-type chitosan resin and the cross-linked chitosan resin (base material). Adsorption ability was in the order: catechol-type chitosan resin > salicylic acid-type chitosan resin > cross-linked chitosan resin.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakayanagiToshio en-aut-sei=Takayanagi en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of International Conservation Studies for Cultural Properties, Faculty of Cultural Properties, Kibi International University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=CHEMICALLY-MODIFIED CHITOSAN kn-keyword=CHEMICALLY-MODIFIED CHITOSAN en-keyword=SELECTIVE ADSORPTION; ICP-MS kn-keyword=SELECTIVE ADSORPTION; ICP-MS en-keyword=COLUMN COLLECTION/CONCENTRATION kn-keyword=COLUMN COLLECTION/CONCENTRATION en-keyword=COMPLEXANE TYPES kn-keyword=COMPLEXANE TYPES en-keyword=PRECIOUS METALS kn-keyword=PRECIOUS METALS en-keyword=DERIVATIVES kn-keyword=DERIVATIVES en-keyword=COPRECIPITATION kn-keyword=COPRECIPITATION en-keyword=COPPER(II) kn-keyword=COPPER(II) en-keyword=BEHAVIOR kn-keyword=BEHAVIOR END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=159 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=341 end-page=348 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070426 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Application of chitosan functionalized with 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid moiety for on-line preconcentration and determination of trace elements in water samples en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Chitosan resin functionalized with 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid (CCTS-DHBA resin) was used as a packing material for flow injection (FI) on-line mini-column preconcentration in combination with inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) for the determination of trace elements such as silver, bismuth, copper, gallium, indium, molybdenum, nickel, uranium, and vanadium in environmental waters. A 5-mL aliquot of sample (pH 5.5) was introduced to the minicolumn for the adsorption/preconcentration of the metal ions, and the collected analytes on the mini-column were eluted with 2 M HNO3, and the eluates was subsequently transported via direct injection to the nebulizer of ICP-AES for quantification. The parameters affecting on the sensitivity, such as sample pH, sample flow rate, eluent concentration, and eluent flow rate, were carefully examined. Alkali and alkaline earth metal ions commonly existing in river water and seawater did not affect the analysis of metals. Under the optimum conditions, the method allowed the determination of metal ions with detection limits of 0.08 ng mL(-1) (Ag), 0.9 ng mL(-1) (Bi), 0.07 ng mL(-1) (Cu), 0.9 ng mL(-1) (Ga), 0.9 ng mL(-1) (In), 0.08 ng mL(-1) (Mo), 0.09 ng mL(-1) (Ni), 0.9 ng mL(-1) (U), and 0.08 ng mL(-1) (V). By using 5 mL of sample solution, the enrichment factor and collection efficiency were 8-12 fold and 96-102%, respectively, whereas the sample throughput was 7 samples/hour. The method was validated by determining metal ions in certified reference material of river water (SLRS-4) and nearshore seawater (CASS-4), and its applicability was further demonstrated to river water and seawater samples.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SabarudinAkhmad en-aut-sei=Sabarudin en-aut-mei=Akhmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoguchiOsamu en-aut-sei=Noguchi en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiguchiKeiro en-aut-sei=Higuchi en-aut-mei=Keiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=FIA Instruments Division, Ogawa and Co. affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=flow injection kn-keyword=flow injection en-keyword=chitosan resin kn-keyword=chitosan resin en-keyword=on-line preconcentration kn-keyword=on-line preconcentration en-keyword=3 kn-keyword=3 en-keyword=4-dihydroxy benzoic acid kn-keyword=4-dihydroxy benzoic acid en-keyword=ICP-AES kn-keyword=ICP-AES END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=101 end-page=112 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1968 dt-pub=196804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Nucleic acids and protein synthesis in cancer cell mitochondria. II. Amino acid incorporation into proteins of rat liver and hepatoma cell mitochondria en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

The energy source required for the amino acid incorporation into mitochondrial proteins has been investigated and comparative study has also been made on the rate of the amino acid incorporation in rat liver and rat hepatoma cell mitochondria. 1. The incorporation of amino acid into the protein in intact mitochondria of rat liver increased by about 40% on the addition of α-ketoglutarate and ADP, but no significant increase in the amino acid incorporation was observed on the addition of succinate and ADP. 2. The incorporation of amino acids into mitochondrial proteins was remarkably inhibited by the addition of respiratory inhibitors (cyanide, DNP at a high concentration). 3. The amino acid incorporation into mitochondrial proteins was scarcely or slightly inhibited by the addition of DNP at the concentration of 1×10-4M and insensitive to oligomycin (5 to 10 μg/ml). 4. The amino acid incorporation into the protein in the endogenous substrate system of the mitochondria was considerably inhibited by the addition of arsenite, and this inhibition somewhat recovered on the addition of ADP plus succinate. 5. The rate of the amino acid incorporations between rat liver and hepatoma cell mitochondria was at the same level. 6. Discussions were made on the energy source required for the amino acid incorporation into mitochondrial proteins, on the rate of protein synthesis per mitochondrion isolated from rat liver- and hepatoma cells, and on the possibilities of contamination of bacteria or microsomes and of the adsorption of amino acids onto the mitochondria.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InabaKozo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=337 end-page=341 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=196908 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Inhibition of energy transfer reaction in mitochondria by the photosensitizing dye "NK19"--brief note en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Among various photosensitizing dyes, 4, 4'-dimethyl 3, 3'-di-n-heptyl-8- {2-(4-methyl-3-n-heptylthiazole) }-2, 2'-dicarbocyanin diiodide (abb. NK19), even in an extremely low concentration, is known to inhibit the proliferation of bacteria and tissue culture cells (1, 2, 3). With respect to the mechanism of such inhibitory action no other property of this NKl9 is known except that it has a marked adsorptive property to protein (4). As a step toward the elucidation of the mode of biological effect, the author studied the effect of NK19 on the energy transfer reaction of Irat liver mitochondria, followed by comparison with the mode of actions of various other inhibitors of the oxidative phosphorylation (5). NK19. NKl9 can be prepared by letting 2, 4-dimethylthiazole heptyliodide react with ethylorthoformate in anhydrous acetic acid. We used NKI9, a product of Nihon Kanko Shikiso Research Laboratories. The molecular structure is as in the following and in its MeOH state it has maximum absorbancy at 590 m,a. For the use in experiment it was made into 1 mg/ml of MeOH and was stored in the dark until used.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanemasaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kanemasa en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=275 end-page=281 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=196210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Isolation of Endogenous Activator of Glucuronide For­mation in Liver en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A purified compound of the activator of glucuronide formation was isolated from a boiled extract of rat liver by charcoal adsorption, ethanol fractionation of barium salts, and finally paper and Dowex-l column chromatographies. The analytical data and the chemical properties of the compound sugggested that the endogenous activator of glucuronide formation in rat liver might be uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaketaKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Taketa en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=63 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=69 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200902 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Specific Removal of Monocytes from Peripheral Blood of Septic Patients by Polymyxin B-immobilized Filter Column en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the major causes of septic shock. The polymyxin B-immobilized filter column (PMX) was developed for the adsorption of endotoxin by direct hemoperfusion and has been used for the treatment of LPS-induced septic shock. In this study, we demonstrated that PMX also specifically bound monocytes from the peripheral blood leukocytes of septic patients by mean of an analysis of bound cells using immunocytochemical and electron microscopic techniques. The specific removal of monocytes from septic patients may produce beneficial effects by reducing the interaction between monocytes and functionally associated cells including vascular endothelial cells. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiboriMasahiro en-aut-sei=Nishibori en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiHide K. en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Hide K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriShuji en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoShinya en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwagakiHiromi en-aut-sei=Iwagaki en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaNoriaki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukaAiji en-aut-sei=Ohtsuka en-aut-mei=Aiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Surgical Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Surgical Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Surgical Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Surgical Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Departments of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Human Morphology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences en-keyword=septic shock kn-keyword=septic shock en-keyword=polymixin B-immobilized column kn-keyword=polymixin B-immobilized column en-keyword=monocyte kn-keyword=monocyte en-keyword=adsorptive removal kn-keyword=adsorptive removal END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on Bile Pigments III. Biliverdins Derived From Natural Bilirubins en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

1. Absorption maxima of hydrochloric biliverdins derived from the natural indirect bilirubin existed at 680 mμ and 375 mμ, but the maxima of biliverdins purified on the column of silica gel existed at 640 mμ and 390 mμ. 2. The natural salt-form bilirubin was oxidized by hydrochloric acid to biliverdin, of which absorption maxima existed at 685 mμ and 370 mμ in a methanolic solution as well as in 5% hydrochloric methanol, but the purified biliverdin in chloroform solution showed the maxima at 640 mμ and 390 mμ. 3. The natural ester-form bilirubin could be transformed into biliverdin by oxidation of its alcoholic solution in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The crude biliverdin had absorption maxima at 645 to 655 mμ, 600 mμ and 320 mμ, and the crude hydrochloric biliverdin had the maxima at 665 to 675 mμ, 620 mμ and in the near ultra-violet range, while the purified biliverdin in chloroform solution had the maxima at 640 mμ and 380 mμ. 4. The biliverdins derived from the indirect, salt-form and ester-form bilirubin had quite similar absorption maxima after purifications by adsorption chromatography.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=195601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on Bile Pigments I. Separation of Natural Indirect Bilirubins en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Descriptions are carried on the method how to separate the indirect bilirubin from the chloroform extracts of the dried dog's gallbeadder bile by adsorption chromatography. 1. The optimal concentrations of the bilirubin content were 2 to 4 mg/100 ml when 1 ml of the sample was adsorbed on the Tswett tube of about 10 mm diameter. 2. Though several zones of the indirect bilirubin were separated on the column of silica gel when developed with various solvents, these zones were proved to be mingled with some oxidized or other intermediate products and the separation like this was thought to owe to the activity of the adsorbents. 3. The chromatogram of the crystalline bilirubin resembled to the one formed by the indirect bilirubin in the chloroform extracts. 4. The chromatogram of the chromatographically separated indirect bilirubin was similar to the former. 5. The absorption maxima of a chloroform solution of the natural indirect bilirubin existed at 450 mμ in the visible range, and it was the same as the maxima of the crystalline bilirubins.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakamotoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=45 end-page=56 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931215 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Study of Deactivating Methods against Ceder Pollenosis Antigen in Vitro kn-title=「スギ花粉症」抗原性物質の不活性化に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Study of deactivating methods against ceder pollenosis antigen in vitro: Every spring season, there are numerous pollenosis patients, especially ceder pollenosis, in our country. However, the radical theraputics against the pollenosis has not been established yet. Some deactivating methods, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, wet heat treatment and adsorption method to the extracted solution of ceder pollen were examined. Deactivating effect against the pollenosis antigen was determined by measuring the changes of the specific antibody values (IgE antibody) in patient blood serum as the marker in vitro. It was cleared that the UV irradiation, the heat treatment over 60℃ and the adsorbent containing the acid site were effective on the deactivation against the antigen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakashimaSeisuke en-aut-sei=Takashima en-aut-mei=Seisuke kn-aut-name=高島征助 kn-aut-sei=高島 kn-aut-mei=征助 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学地域共同研究センター END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=11 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19941225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Kinetics of Fluidized Bed Treatment to Adsorb Mercury kn-title=流動層法による吸着除去処理の速度論的考察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fluidized bed treatment to adsorb mercury was discussed. The adsorption model to discuss kinetics was proposed. Over-all coefficient of mass tansfer was measured and its correlated equation was obtained. The simulation of concentration variation by the model was cbincident with experimental data. The multi-stage classification model was proposed to apply the adsorption model to particles with wide range of size. Fluidized bed treatment for actual wastewater was discussed. Concentration variation in the treatment was able to be simulated by the model that over-all coefficient of mass transfer obtained from experiments of actual wastewater was used. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KasenoSatoru en-aut-sei=Kaseno en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name=加瀬野悟 kn-aut-sei=加瀬野 kn-aut-mei=悟 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinodaSumio en-aut-sei=Shinoda en-aut-mei=Sumio kn-aut-name=篠田純男 kn-aut-sei=篠田 kn-aut-mei=純男 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiTeruo en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Teruo kn-aut-name=高橋照男 kn-aut-sei=高橋 kn-aut-mei=照男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学環境管理センター affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学環境管理センター affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=川崎医療福祉大学医療情報学科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=13 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200411 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Treatment of Chlorinated Compounds by Solvent Sublation kn-title=溶媒浮選法による有機塩素化合物の処理 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Removal of chlorinated compound from an aqueous solution has been studied using solvent sublation. Solvent sublation is one among the several adsorptive bubble separation techniques wherein a hydrophobic compound is levitated on a bubble surface to the top of an aqueous column where they encounter a solvent layer to which the material is transferred as the bubbles move through the solvent layer. A model for the removal mechanism of the chlorinated compounds from aqueous solution was constructed. Removal rate constants for air stripping and for solvent sublation respectively are possible to calculate from the model's equations. The experiments were conducted on a laboratory batch scale using the 0.1m inner diameter bubble column. Bubbles were generated from the perforated plate. The chlorinated compound is dichrolomethane. The solvent layer is kerosine. Dichrolometane was removed at high efficiency by solvent sublation as compared with conventional air stripping, The removal rate constant from the model was compared with experimental result. The mass adsorbed on the bubble surface of 8 types of chlorinated compounds were assumed by the measurements of surface tension. The removal rate constants of these chlorinated compounds, for solvent sublation or for air stripping, are calculated from model equations using the linear adsorption constant. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KasenoSatoru en-aut-sei=Kaseno en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name=加瀬野悟 kn-aut-sei=加瀬野 kn-aut-mei=悟 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaharaToshiro en-aut-sei=Miyahara en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name=宮原敏郎 kn-aut-sei=宮原 kn-aut-mei=敏郎 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学保健環境センター環境安全部門 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山理科大学工学部応用化学科 en-keyword=Solvent Sublation kn-keyword=Solvent Sublation en-keyword=air stripping kn-keyword=air stripping en-keyword=Chlorinated compounds kn-keyword=Chlorinated compounds END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=1303 end-page=1308 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20001210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adsorption Behavior of Metal Ions on Cross-linked Chitosan and the Determination of Oxoanions after Pretreatment with a Chitosan Column en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The adsorption behavior of 60 elements at the 10 ng ml(-1) level on high-porous cross-linked chitosan in a packed mini-column was systematically examined. The chitosan used could adsorb anionic species quantitatively as oxoanions or chloro complex anions of metals, such as Ti, V, Mo, W, Ga, Bi, Au(III), Pt(IV) and Pd(II), in sample solutions by an ion-exchange mechanism, and could adsorb some metal ions by a chelating mechanism. Most of the metal ions adsorbed on the chitosan were eluted with 1 M nitric acid, and other noble metals, such as Au, Pt and Pd, were eluted by a solution containing 1 M hydrochloric acid and 0.05 M thiourea. The adsorption fraction of metal ions was investigated by measuring metal ions in eluates by ICP-MS. By using the proposed column pretreatment method, metal ions present as their oxoanions in river-water samples, such as Ti, V, Mo, W, Ga and Bi, were collected on the cross-linked chitosan, eluted and determined. The method was applied to an analysis of reference materials distributed by the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry: JAC 0031 and JAC 0032. The analytical results agreed closely with other reference values. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GaoYunhua en-aut-sei=Gao en-aut-mei=Yunhua kn-aut-name=高雲華 kn-aut-sei=高 kn-aut-mei=雲華 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LeeKyue-Hyung en-aut-sei=Lee en-aut-mei=Kyue-Hyung kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1121 end-page=1125 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20021010 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adsorption Behavior of Mercury and Precious Metals on Cross- Linked Chitosan and the Removal of Ultratrace Amounts of Mercury in Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid by a Column Treatment with Cross-Linked Chitosan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Cross-linked chitosan was synthesized with chitosan and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether. The adsorption behavior of trace amounts of metal ions on the cross-linked chitosan was systematically examined by packing it in a mini-column, passing a metal solution through it and measuring metal ions in the effluent by ICP-MS. The cross-linked chitosan adsorbed mercury and precious metals (Pd, Pt, and Au) at pH values from acidic to neutral. Especially, mercury in concentrated hydrochloric acids could be adsorbed on cross-linked chitosan quantitatively by an anion-exchange mechanism in the form of a stable chloride complex. This method was applied to the removal of mercury from commercially available hydrochloric acid; more than 97% of mercury was removed, and the residual mercury in the hydrochloric acid (Grade: for trace analysis) was found to be 0.15 ppb. Mercury adsorbed on the cross-linked chitosan could be easily desorbed with an eluent containing 1 M hydrochloric acid and 0.05 M thiourea. The thus-refreshed crosslinked chitosan could be repeatedly used for the removal of mercury in hydrochloric acid. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=GaoYun-hua en-aut-sei=Gao en-aut-mei=Yun-hua kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LeeKyue-Hyung en-aut-sei=Lee en-aut-mei=Kyue-Hyung kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1179 end-page=1189 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=19560831 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Phagocytosis of Carbon Particles Investigated by Means of the Tissue Culture of Bone Marrow. Part Ⅱ. Phagocytosis of various cells in the bone marrow of normal adult and of rabbit kn-title=骨髄組織培養に於ける墨粒貪喰能の研究 第二編 健康人及び家兎骨髄内細胞の墨粒貪喰能に就て en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The bone marrow tissues were cultured from normal adult and rabbit. The processes of phagocytosis were scrutinized in the cultured tissues of bone marrow. The results are as follow: 1) The majority of neutrophilic leukocytes such as myeloblast and promyelocyte but a few exceptions of myelocyte exhibited no phagocytosis. Active phagocytosis was displayed by the matured neutrophilic leukocytes more than by metamyelocytes. The pseudo-eosinophilic leukocyte of rabbit bone marrow was much weaker in its phagocytic activity than the neutrophilic leukocyte. 2) Usually no phagocytic behaviors were recognized in eosinophilie, basophilic-leukocytes, lymphocytes or erythroblasts. 3) Remarkable adsorption and phagocytosis of carbon particles were exhibited by throm-bocyte but the matured type of megakaryocyte had no phagocytic activity. 4) The phagocytic activity of monocyte was at first lower than that of neutrophilic leukocyte but gradually grew high until it surpassed the latter. This great phagocytic activity of monocyte was kept long until the end of observation. 5) The so-called "Makrophagen" showed the greatest phagocytic activiy of all the bone marrow cells. 6) In regard to the average degree of phagocytosis of matured neutrophilic leukocyte, different values were obtained from one growth zone to another. When the average degrees of phagocytosis in whole growth zones were examined along the radial direction from marrow fragment, they exhibited the highest value after 3 hours’ cultivation. Thereafter the phagocytic activity of neutrophilic leucocyte again fell down. Pseudo-eosinophilic leukocyte showed its highest value of the average degree of phagocytosis after 6 hours’ cultivation. 7) Lowerings of phagocytic activity were observed when Nitromin or P(32) were added to the medium and these lowerings of activity were nearly proportional to the concentrations of these substances. This seems to point out some part of considerable importance which underlies the functions of bone marrow. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SunamiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sunami en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=角南宏 kn-aut-sei=角南 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=4357 end-page=4363 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19581231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental Studies on the Iron Absorption Part 2. Correlation between Iron Absorption and the pH, Na⁺ and Cl⁻ in the Stomach kn-title=鉄の吸収に関する実験的研究 第二編 胃に於ける鉄の吸收と胃内pH, Cl⁻及びNa⁺との関係 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As has been described in Part 1 the author revealed that the stomach has an active ability to absorb iron, but the absorption ceases at a certain period of time after the iron introduction, showing not and quantitative relation with the amount of iron introduced. In this paper the author reports the precise mechanism of iron in the stomach, with the mechanism of the eessasion of iron absorption at a certain period. In rabbits the stomachs were separated from the continuous digestive canals by the same method described in Part 1. After the iron introduction the pH level, Na⁺, Cl⁻ and iron in the stomach and iron level in blood serum were estimated quantitatively at fixed intervals. The results proved that pH level of the contents of stomachs rose rapidly after the iron introduction with the increase of the sodium ion, but chlorine ion also was found to increase with the similar rapidity. the iron contents in the stomach decreased as in the cases of Part 1 with an increase in the level of serum iron. The pH level reached a plateau after about 3 hours, mean value pH 4, where the iron absorption stopped. From these observations the author concluded that the absorption of iron in the stomach is closely related with the pH level in stomach, showing iron can be absorbed only in the pH level where the ionization of iron is possible. The cessation of iron-adsorption often occurring at a certain period is caused by an elevation of pH in the stomach. However, the mechanism of the elevation of pH level seen after the iron indtroduction remains unexplained, because the theoretical calculation proves that the increase of Na⁺ occurring after the iron introduction is nut sufficient to elevate the pH as to neutrize the concomitant increase of chlorine ion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuboToru en-aut-sei=Kubo en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=久保融 kn-aut-sei=久保 kn-aut-mei=融 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部病理学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=1637 end-page=1647 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19580531 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Platelets and Spindle Cells by Tissue Culture Part 3. Carbon-Particle Phagocytosis and Neutral Red Vital Staining of Normal Human Platelets and Chicken Spindle Cells kn-title=組織培養法による栓球並に紡錘状細胞の研究 第3編 健康人栓球及び家鶏紡錘状細胞の墨粒貪喰能及び中性紅生体染色 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the present report the author presents the results of observations on the caron-paricle phagocytosis and neutral red vital staining of normal human platelets and chicken spindle cells. 1) Normal human platelets possess both the phagocytic and adsorption capacities, differing according to the type of movement. Those with type Ⅰ and Ⅱ movement show a marked phagocytosis while those with type Ⅲ and Ⅳ, a marked adsorption capacity. The rate of the phagocytosis is at its maximum after one to two hour culture, and thereafter it gradually falls with the lapse of time, whereas the rate of the adsorption capacity becomes higher and higher along with the lapse of time. 2) In neutral red vital staining these appear extremely minute granules stained either reddish brown or dark red, but they differ somewhat according to the type of movement. Those with type Ⅰ and Ⅱ movement have a lower rate of staining while those with type Ⅲ and Ⅳ a higher. 3) Next, chicken spindle cells possess both the phagocytic and adsorption capacities but they also differ somewhat with the type of movement. Those with type A and D movement have a marked phagocytic power whereas those with B and C type movement a marked adsorption capacity, but the latter have hardly no phagocytic capacity. The average rate of the phagocytosis in bone marrow reaches its maximum after 6-hour culture and that in peripheral blood after 3-hour culture. 4) After neutral red staining minute granules appear stained either dark red or brown in spindle cells, but like platelets the staining differs according to the different types of movement. Those with type A and C movement show especially minute granules stained slightly, while those with type B and D movemeut reveal granules somewhat larger and stained deeper. The average stainability in the case of bone marrow after 5-hour culture reaches its maximum and that in peripheral blood after 4-hour culture, respectively. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HamaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hama en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=浜聰 kn-aut-sei=浜 kn-aut-mei=聰 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=311 end-page=314 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19580228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Adsorption of Protein on Silica kn-title=珪酸の蛋白吸着に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Measuring the quantity of egg albumen and guinea pig's serum adsorbed on to silica gel and quartz powder by means of Nessler's Method, the author obtained the following results: 1) Silica adsorbs protein on to its surface. 2) Within some limits, the higher concentration of the protein is, the more protein is absorbed. 3) The quantity of adsorbed protein is affected by "pH" and reaches its maximum around "pH 4". The quantity decreases gradually in the acid side, while rapidly in the alkali side. 4) Guinea pig's serum is adsorbed more than egg albumen. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueTakeo en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=井上武夫 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=武夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=197 end-page=209 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19580131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Rickettsia tsutsugamushi Ⅰ: Experiments on the Purification of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi kn-title=恙虫病病毒に関する研究 第1編 恙虫病病毒の精製に関する実験 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the present experiments, Mitani and Tanizawa strains, which had been isolated in Kagawa Prefecture, were used. Rickettsiae of each strain were purified with kaolin and bentonite. The results were as follows: 1) In the purification of rickettsiae with kaolin, the adsorption on kaolin at pH 5.0 and the dissociation at pH 7.2 gave the purified rickettsiae in the largestest quantity, and thus purified rickettsiae showed a high antigenicity in the complement fixation test. 2) In the purification with bentonite, the adsorption at pH 4.5 and the dissociation at pH 7.2 gave the purified rickettsiae in the richest amount, and the purified rickettsiae thus obtained showed a high antigenicity in the complement fixation test. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OhnishiYuzuru en-aut-sei=Ohnishi en-aut-mei=Yuzuru kn-aut-name=大西譲 kn-aut-sei=大西 kn-aut-mei=譲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部微生物教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=11-12 article-no= start-page=1021 end-page=1027 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=19631230 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Rickettsia tsutsugamushi in tissue cultures (Ⅱ) Studies on growth process of R. tsutsugamushi in FL cells. kn-title=R. tsutsugamushiの組織培養に関する研究 第2編 FL細胞を用いたR. t.の増殖過程に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Author mentioned the results of several problems on adsorption, growth and morphology of vegetative forms of R. tsutsugamushi in FL cells as the host cells of them in vitro. The process of growth of R. tsutsugamnshi was different from the process of growth of viruses. Binary fission system of R. tsutsugamushi were suggested in growth process of them from the results of growth curve and morphology of them. Also author knew that there are the release of rickettsia from the infected cells and the infection of rickettsia. from cell to cell on some periods of infection process. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MizuharaYoshimasa en-aut-sei=Mizuhara en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa kn-aut-name=水原良昌 kn-aut-sei=水原 kn-aut-mei=良昌 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部微生物学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=123 end-page=130 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19591230 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Sudies on the Antiseptic Action and Toxicity of Mercuric Chloride Part 1. On the Antiseptic Action of Mercuric Chloride and the Adsorption of Radio Isotope Hg(203)Cl(2) on Bacteria from the Standpoint of the Oxygen Consumption kn-title=昇汞の消毒作用並びに毒性に関する研究 第1編 酸素消費量より見たる細菌に対する昇汞の消毒作用並びに大腸菌(E.Coii communis)の同位元素Hg(203)Cl(2)の吸着作用に就いて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The auther studied the influence of mercuric chloride on the respiration of bacteria and the adsorption action of Hg(203)Cl(2) on E. coli eommunis; and obtained the following results. 1. The mercuric chloride action on the respiration of bacteria: a. The action of mercuric chloride acting upon the oxygen consumption of 10 mg by Coli communis begins to decrease at 5×10(-5)%, while it is completely stopped at 5×10(-4)%. b. The action of mercuric chloride acting on the oxygen consumption of 10 mg by Typhus abdominalis 57 S begins to decrease at 5×10(-4) and it almost disappears at 5×10(-2)%. c. The action of mercuric chloride on the oxygen consumption of 30 mg by Staph. aureus (Terajima strain) commences to diminish at 5×10(-5)% , and it disappears almost completely at 10(-2)%. 2. The action of radio-isotope Hg(203)C1(2) on the respiration of E. coli eommunis: a. It has been confirmed that clearly Hg ions of the mercuric chloride solution adsorb to E. coil communis. b. In the case where the culture time of Coli communis is prolonged, the adsorption of Hg ions has been found to rise clearly in proportion to the lapse of the time. c. In the case where the density of the mercuric chloride solution is altered, it has been recognized that the higher the concentration of the mercuric chloride solution, the higher the adsorption rate of ions would be. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakaiAsao en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Asao kn-aut-name=酒井朝生 kn-aut-sei=酒井 kn-aut-mei=朝生 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=1-3 article-no= start-page=91 end-page=102 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1963 dt-pub=19630330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Immunogenic Study in Antitumor Antibody Production against Transplantable Tumors Part Ⅱ. Antitumor Antibody in Adsorbed Immunized Rabbit Sera kn-title=移植動物癌の抗腫瘍性抗体産生に関する研究 第2編 癌細胞感作家兎吸着血清中の抗腫瘍性抗体の消長について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rabbits were immunized with Ehrlich ascitic tumor cells and then bled periodically. Following adsorption of the antisera with normal mice liver powder or packed Ehrlich tumor cells, the antisera was examined by electrophoresis, by anaerobic glycolysis by Warburg's manometry and for life prolongation study by neutralization. 1. In case of intravenously immunized rabbits sera, adsorbed γ-Globulin titre was comparably greater in the earlier stage with normal mice liver powder. Furthermore, the titre of γ-Globulin was greater and prolonged than the titre of preimmunization. 2. After adsorption with liver powder, the inhibitory action of antisera on anaerobic glycolysis of tumor cells was weak in the earlier stage, but still retained its former effectiveness in the later stage. 3. In the neutralization tests of adsorbed antisera, life prolongation was noted equally in the initial and later stages, with a decrease in the early period following adsorption. 4. Following adsorption of the antisera with the packed Ehrlich tumor cells, an ineffectiveness was revealed in both anaerobic glycolysis and neutralization. 5. It was deduced through points 2-4, that, the antisera produced in Part-1, immunized with Ehrlich tumor cells, contained antiumor antibody. 6. a) In IV immunized rabbits sera, adsorbed γ-Globulin titre was greater in the early stage. b) In anaerobic glycolysis and neutralization, the inhibitory action was weaker in the earlier stage. In supposition, the unadsorbed antisera produced from heterogenically and intravenously immunized animals contains species specific antibody chiefly in the earlier stage with tumor specific antibody chiefly in the later stage. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakedaKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=武田淳志 kn-aut-sei=武田 kn-aut-mei=淳志 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1（陣内）外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=8-9 article-no= start-page=1337 end-page=1344 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=19650930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Immunological Studies on Intestinal Adsorption of Heterogeneous Proteins Ⅰ. Clinical Observations on Intestinal Absorption of Food Peoteins in Liver Diseases kn-title=異種蛋白の消化管吸収に関する免疫血清学的研究 第1編 肝疾患における異種蛋白の消化管吸収について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This work dealed with the intestinal absorption after oral administration of food proteins (Cow's milk, egg-white, beef and chicken) in cases with liver diaeaaes. The results were as follows: 1. Sere from cases with the liver function disorder were largely positive in circulating antibodies to food proteins, since in the majority of cases with the compensated liver function circulating antibodies to food proteins were almost negative. These cases with positive food protein antibodies showed no allergic gastroenteropathia. 2. Cases with circulating antibodies to food proteins represented predominatly with drug hypersensitivities, urticaria, contact dermatitis and bronchial asthma. 3. There was no close relationship between circulating antibodies and skin test reactions to food proteins. 4. In cases with positive circulating antibodies to food proteins the possibility of red cell-food protein allergen compound formation was not recoginized by using red cell electrophoresis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakayamaAriyasu en-aut-sei=Takayama en-aut-mei=Ariyasu kn-aut-name=高山有泰 kn-aut-sei=高山 kn-aut-mei=有泰 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=1-3 article-no= start-page=231 end-page=238 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=19620330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Donaggio Reaction in Anderson's Urinary Mucoprotein and Changes in the Excretion of Anderson's Mucoprotein in Fatigue Condition kn-title=Anderson氏尿ムコ蛋白のDonaggio反応及び疲労時の変動について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author performed Donaggio reaction and Akamatsu-Shinmei reaction usiug urinary mucoprotein A(1), A(2), A(3), isolated by the benzoic acid adsorption method of Anderson, Tamm's urinary mucoprotein, urinary mucoprotein obtained by talcum powder adsorption method and Winzler's serum mucoprotein. The author also determined the excretion of Anderson's mucoprotein in fatigue condition. The results obtained are as follows. 1) Anderson's mucoprotein proves to be strongly positive to Donaggio reaction and the concentration showing one Donaggio unit is 50-100γ/ml, showing the activity almost similar to that of the Donaggio reaction-positive substance performed by talcum powder adsorption method. 2) The activity of Donaggio reaction of the human serum mucoprotein processed by Winzler's method, whose concentration showing one Donaggio unit being around 31.2γ/ml, seems to be higher than that of the Donaggio reaction-positive substance by talcum powder adsorption method. 3) Anderson's urinary mucoprotein is also positive to Akamatsu-Shinmei reaction. 4) Tamm's urinary mucoprotein is Donaggio reaction negative, but after heating it becomes weakly positive, while to Shinmei reaction, it is weakly positive and heating increases its positivity still further. 5) The concentration of urinary mucoprotein prepared by Anderson's quantitative method, increased in the workers of a department store after the work, and in soccer players after the game. Moreover, the quantity of hourly excretion of urinary mucoprotein also increased after the work in the case of workers in the department store. 6) Donaggio reaction values and the quantities of Anderson's urinary mucoprotein fluctuated in parallel to each other after the work and after the game. 7) The recovery rate of the Donaggio reaction values determined by benzoic acid adsorption method of Anderson proved to be 30-50 per cent showing the values close to those by talcum powder adsorption method of Honda. 8) From these results, it is deduced that the mucoprotein (Donaggio reaction positive substance) prepared by the talcum powder adsorption method resembles very closely to Anderson's mucoprotein and these two are most likely derived from serum α(1)-globulin, and Tamm's mucoprotein that is negative to Donaggio reaction is in all probability a different mucoprotein excreted in the urinary tract. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgataMasana en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Masana kn-aut-name=緒方正名 kn-aut-sei=緒方 kn-aut-mei=正名 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部公衆衛生学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=571 end-page=580 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1965 dt-pub=19650330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on surface structures of the bacterial cell. Report IV. Polarographic studies of surface structures of the becterial cell kn-title=細菌表面構造の研究 第4編 POLAROGRAPHYに依る細菌表面構造の研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In polargraphy, bacterial cell revealed two special phenomena; e. g. maximalization of electro-reduction potentials and adsorption of cobalt ions. The former phenomena has been less known until to date. Inteding to know the relation between this phenomena and surface structure of the bacterial cell, the author found a simple method to express accurately with inhibitory of electro-reduction potential. In hibitory activity was strkingly higher in gram negative bacterial cell than that in gram positive. and a little higher in S-type than in R-type. This tendency was completely identical with that of surface binding water which measures by dielectric spectrometory as previously reported. Same evidence was also found in the process of production of adaptation enzyme. Thus inhibitory activity of eIectro-reduction potentials was presumably due to increased binding water on the surface area of bacterial cell. On the other hand, inhibitory activity of electro-reduction potential exactly reflexed the speciality in immunological phenomena in which antigen complex was being polysaccharide-polypeptide-lipid compound. Individual kind of bacterial cell has proven to show special crossing effect in the cobalt-protein wave. As the crossing point of electro-reduction curve showed parallel tendencies with polypeptide activity on the surface of bacterial cell during process of production of adaptation enzyme, growth of the cell etc, polarography has been an effective tool to demonstrate physiolo-chemical state of bacterial surface. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaguchiKazumi en-aut-sei=Taguchi en-aut-mei=Kazumi kn-aut-name=田口一美 kn-aut-sei=田口 kn-aut-mei=一美 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部細菌学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=80 cd-vols= no-issue=7-8 article-no= start-page=665 end-page=676 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1968 dt-pub=19680830 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Enzyme Histochemistry of the Cerebellum with a special reference to α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in Purkinje cells and the problem of the fixation of the material kn-title=小脳の酵素組織化学―特にプルキンエ細胞のα-グリセロ燐酸脱水酵素と「固定の問題」をめぐつて― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=With the cerebellum of albino rat, human and cat as the material the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and α-glycerophosphate dehydro-genase (α-GPDH) were studied histochemically. For the identification of SDH and α-GPDH, menadione (MD) was added to the incubation medium as an intermediator. In the freshly-prepares cryostat sections of the cerebellum, the activities of LDH and SDH, as has already been reported, have been found in the granular layer (glomeruli cerebellosi), molecular layer and Purkinje cells (P-cells), but the activity of α-GPDH has hardly been detected in P-cell layer. In contrast to this findings, when the tissue block was first fixed with cold formalin solution and then frozen sections were prepared, in the course of identification of α-GPDH the formation of Nitro-BT formazans was observed in P-cells. This fact in dicates that a special precaution is required in the selection of methods and the determination of results inthe enzyme histochemistry. From this point of view, the establishment of various experimental conditions optimal for such a study have been tried　with a specal reference to the problem of the fixation. The following results have been fouud with regard to the reaction in the sections fixed with formalin: 1) there is no marked difference due to the length of fixation time: 2) there is little effect due to the change in pH: 3) no specific inhibitory effect can be observed: 4) the presence of MD is prerequisite;　5) SH-group is involved; and 6) the enhancement of incorporation (adsorption; cf: substativity; Pearse) of Nitro-BT to the tissue is associated with the reaction. From these findings I have postulated that the reaction observable in the formalinfixed sections results from non-enzymic reaction in which SH-group and MD are involved, on the assumption that Nitro-BT is bound to the tissue protein. Furthevmore, the findings that P-cells do hardly exhibit the activity of α-GPDH in the non-fixed sections different from other cellular components of cerebellar tissue, as well as the fact that the non-enzymic recuction of Nitro-BT appears markedly in P-cells of the formalin-fixed specimen, seem to reflect one aspect of the cytochemical specificity of the P-cells. kn-abstract=(1) ダイコクネズミ及びヒト,ネコの小脳について,乳酸脱水素酵素(LDH),コハク酸脱水素酵素(SDH),α-グリセロ燐酸脱水素酵素(α-GPDH)活性を組織化学的に検索した. SDH,α-GPDHの検出にあたつてはintermediatorとしてmenadione (MD)を反応液に添加した. 新鮮凍結クリオスタット切片にて,LDHは顆粒層の“gloneruli cerebellosi”に相当して最も強く,分子層ではformazan顆粒はびまん性に形成されて反応は顆粒層よりやや弱くPurkinje細胞(P-細胞)は核を除いて細胞体に強度～中等度の活性を示し,白質には活性はほとんど証明されなかつた. SDHは全体としてLDHの反応態度に似た像を示し,顆粒層に最も強く,ついでP-細胞層,分子層の順で活性が認められ,白質にはほとんど証明されなかつた. α-GPDH反応は,顆粒層,分子層においてはLDH, SDHとほぼ同じであるが,P-細胞層にはformazanの形成がほとんどなく,あたかも顆粒層と分子層の間に空隙がある様な像を示した.白質には活性はほとんど証明されなかつた,これらの所見は,これまでの報告にほぼ一致するものである. (2) 上記酵素活性の検出にあたり,新鮮凍結クリオスタット切片とともに,同一材料について組織塊をまず10%冷フォルマリンで固定した後に作製した凍結切片をあわせて使用した. SDH,α-GPDH, LDHともに反応は全般に減弱されるが,LDHの反応の減弱の度合は他の2者にくらべて少ないようであつた. ここで注目すべきことは,非固定切片のP-細胞層において,α-GPDHの活性がほとんど認められなかつたにもかかわらず固定切片のP-細胞には反応が認められ,しかもformazan形成は他の部よりもむしろ強度であつた点である.この事実は酵素組織化学における方法の選定や結果の判定にあたつては常に慎重な配慮が要求されることを示す現象であるとみなされ,この点に着目し特に固定の問題をめぐつて諸種の条件を実験的に設定してしらべた. (3) フォルマリン固定切片における反応には, i) 固定時間の長さによる著明な差異がみられない. ii) pHの変化による影響が少ない. iii) 特異的抑制剤による影響がみられない. iv) MDの存在が不可欠である. v) SH-基の関与がある. vi) Nitro-BTの組織への吸着性の増強が関連している. ということを認めた. このことからフォルマリン固定切片に見られる反応は,Nitro-BTの組織蛋白との結合性を前提とて,SH-groupとMDとが関与している非酵素的作用の結果であることを推論した. (4) 小脳組織でP-細胞が他の細胞要素と異なり,非固定切片においてα-GPDH活性をほとんど示さないこと,およびフォルマリン固定によりP-細胞に非酵素的なNitro-BT還元が著明にあらわれることは,P-細胞の細胞化学的特異性の一面を示すものであろう. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TokunagaIwao en-aut-sei=Tokunaga en-aut-mei=Iwao kn-aut-name=徳永五輪雄 kn-aut-sei=徳永 kn-aut-mei=五輪雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=81 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=591 end-page=600 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=19700330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Study on the Mechanism of Recognition of Foreign Bodies by Cell: Electron Microscopic Observation on the Adsorption of Colloid Particles on the Cell Surface of Ascites Macrophage of Mouse kn-title=細胞による外来物質の識別の機構に関する研究―マウス腹腔内マクロファージ表面への鉄コロイド粒子附着現象の電子顕微鏡的解析― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For the purpose to clarify whether the adsorption of materials on the cell surface is the necessary requirement for phagocytosis, the phagocytosis of iron colloid particles by ascites macrophage was examined. The iron colloid particles were adsorbed on the cell surface of macrophage and taken up into vacuoles in cytoplasm. By the pretreatment of macrophage with papain, bromelin or Nagarse, macrophages failed to adsorb colloid particles on their surface and decreased in their phagocytic activity. Papain pretreatment would liberate some substance (s) responsible for adsorption of iron colloid particles from cell surface of macrophage. Ca, Mg-free medium, and pretreatment with EDTA, heparin, saponin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, neuraminidase, hyaluronidase and lysozyme had no such effects. From these results it was concluded that adsorption of material on cell surface is necessary prerequisite for phagocytosis. This requisite was discussed in respect to the mechanism of recognition of "not-self" by the cell. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MukaiJiro en-aut-sei=Mukai en-aut-mei=Jiro kn-aut-name=向井弐朗 kn-aut-sei=向井 kn-aut-mei=弐朗 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一病理学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=85 cd-vols= no-issue=11-12 article-no= start-page=527 end-page=534 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1973 dt-pub=19731230 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Study on a new immunological method of determinating HCG by kaolin adsorption kn-title=Kaolin吸着によるHCGの新免疫学的測定法に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We developed a new immunological method of determinating urinary HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin), in which antigen-antibody reaction is allowed to proceed while HCG is being adsorbed to kaolin particles. With this method, we conducted some immunological studies with normal and abnormal pregnancies, and obtained the results as follows. 1. The urinary HCG concentration in normal pregnancies began to increase by about 7 gestational weeks, which reached its maximum at 12 weeks, thereafter it decrease gradually. 2. In the cases of abortus imminens the urinary HCG concentration was somewhat over than that in normal pregnancy, but in those cases whose prognosis was poor, HCG concentration was markedly low. 3. In the cases of hydatidiform mole the urinary HCG concentration was found to be abnormally high in two cases out of three, but it became negative (500iu/l) by 23 to 40 postoperative days. 4. As to the correlation between Friedman's reaction and our determination method we found the correlation quotient to be 0.583, indicating a moderate correlation. 5. The threshold of Friedman's reaction was found to be within 7.5 to 10.0iu. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YagiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Yagi en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name=八木正稔 kn-aut-sei=八木 kn-aut-mei=正稔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産婦人科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=98 cd-vols= no-issue=7-8 article-no= start-page=719 end-page=726 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860830 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Removal of immunosuppressive substances from cancer patient serum Ⅱ. Removal of immunosuppressive substances from cancer patient serum by microporous glass bead adsorbent kn-title=癌患者血清中の免疫抑制物質の除去に関する研究 第2編 多孔性ガラスビーズ吸着体血漿灌流による免疫抑制物質の除去についての実験的検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Immunosuppressive substances with molecular weights higher than globulin can be effectively removed by means of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP). This paper describes the result of an experiment on the ability of microporous glass bead adsorbent (GBA) to remove immunosuppressive substances with molecular weights lower than albumin, which cannot be removed by DFPP. Sixteen kinds of GBA were tested, each having a different surface charge and pore size. The immunosuppressive activity of serum was measured by means of lymphocyte blastogenesis to phytohemagglutinin. The serum treated with GBA of 100 A in pore size and having a surface coated with-NH(2) showed the highest reduction of the immunosuppressive effect. The decrease in the immunosuppressive effect was observed after an incubation time of as little as 5 minutes and at a serum-absorbent ratio of 20. Regarding the adsorption of immunosuppressive acidic protein, a 43% decrease in the concentration was seen from the initial level of 931ng/ml after incubation in vitro. This adsorbability of the GBA was also observed in an extracorporeal perfusion test. It was revealed that removal of immunosuppressive substances in the low molecular weight fraction is feasible by the use of the GBA. It is supposed that removal of immunosuppressive substances would be more effectively performed by simultaneous use of GBA and DFPP. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyazakiMasashi en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name=宮崎雅史 kn-aut-sei=宮崎 kn-aut-mei=雅史 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一外科学教室 en-keyword=癌免疫療法 kn-keyword=癌免疫療法 en-keyword=免疫抑制物質 kn-keyword=免疫抑制物質 en-keyword=多孔性ガラスビーズ吸着体 kn-keyword=多孔性ガラスビーズ吸着体 en-keyword=血漿灌流 kn-keyword=血漿灌流 en-keyword=二重濾過血漿分離交換法 kn-keyword=二重濾過血漿分離交換法 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19851108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Adsorptive Force in the Sucking Grasp as the Contact Surface was flat. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The sucking grasp, for example, the silicon or the rubber sucker has been used widely to handle the parts in various stages of the automated process. But in order to use the sucking grasp more widely, it is necessary to develop the other type of sucking unit. In this paper, we examined the distribution of the vacuum pressure in the contact surface and estimated the adsorptive force from the vacuum pressure, the area of the contact surface, the area or the number of sucking holes, and a gap or a roughness of surface under the contact condition that the flat surface of the sucking unit sucked up the flat surface of an object. The vacuum pressure in the contact surface decreased exponentially, as the distance from the edge of the sucking hole became long. And the adsorptive force was estimated from the equation Y=1.147.P.S.(S/M)(-0.6) in the case of one sucking hole. It is necessary to consider the interaction between two sucking holes which were only separated by a very close distance to estimate the adsorptive force in case of many sucking holes. The adsorptive force became weak, as the gap en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu kn-aut-sei=Osaki kn-aut-mei=Hirokazu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ManabeNobuo kn-aut-sei=Manabe kn-aut-mei=Nobuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HakodaYosinori kn-aut-sei=Hakoda kn-aut-mei=Yosinori aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KikuchiSusumu kn-aut-sei=Kikuchi kn-aut-mei=Susumu aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=SHARP Co. Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsubishi Electric Co. Ltd. affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=137 end-page=146 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Characteristics of a Monoacylglycerol Lipase Isolated from Pseudomonas sp. LP7315 -Hydrolysis and Synthesis of Monoglycerides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) was purified from Pseudomonas sp. LP7315 by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography, and preparative electrophoresis. The purified enzyme was homogeneous on an SDS-polyacrylamide gel with a molecular mass of 59 kDa. Its hydrolytic activity was confirmed to be specific for monoglycerides: the enzyme did not hydrolyze diand triglycerides. MGL was found to be stable even after l-h incubation at 65℃. The hydrolytic activity depended not only on temperature and pH but also on the type of monoglyceride used. MGL also catalyzed monoglyceride synthesis at 65℃ in a solvent-free two-phase system, in which fatty acid droplets were dispersed in the glycerol phase with a low water content. The synthetic reaction proceeded at a constant rate for approximately 24 h and reached an equilibrium after 48 h of reaction. The initial rate of the synthetic reaction depended on several factors: the type of fatty acid used as the substrate, the amounts of fatty acid and glycerol, and the concentration of MGL in the glycerol phase. To analyze the effects of these factors, a kinetic model was developed based on the assumption that the adsorption equilibrium of MGL molecules at the interface between the two phases is the rate-determining factor for the synthetic reaction. The model was found to yield a good approximation of the initial synthetic rate under various reaction conditions. The analysis suggests that the adsorption behavior of MGL onto the interface had a large effect on the initial rate of the monoglyceride synthesis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakiyamaTakaharu en-aut-sei=Sakiyama en-aut-mei=Takaharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimiTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Yoshimi en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeAkira en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmeokaMidori en-aut-sei=Umeoka en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiSho en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanishiKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Daiwa Kasei K.K. affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Daiwa Kasei K.K. affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=811 end-page=877 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=2004 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Synthesis of dithiocarbamate-chitosan resin and its adsorption behavior for trace metals kn-title=ジチオカルバミン酸型キトサン樹脂の合成と金属の捕集挙動 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=A chitosan-based resin possessing the dithiocarbamate moiety (DTC-chitosan resin) was synthesized using cross-linked chitosan as a base material. The adsorption behavior of trace metal ions on the DTC-chitosan resin was systematically examined by packing it in a mini-column (1 ml of the resin) and measuring the recovery by ICP-MS. The resin could adsorb almost 100% of 7 kinds of metals(Cu, Mo, Ag, Te, W, Hg and Bi) at pH ranges from acidic to neutral. However, elution of these metals from the resin was difficult. In this study, we improved the recovery efficiency by a pretreatment of the resin: the resin was added to 100 ml of a 0.1 M copper sulfate solution, stirred for 24 h and washed sufficiently with 1 M nitric acid and water. With this pretreatment, metals adsorbed on 1 ml of the resin were readily eluted with 1 M nitric acid (10 ml). This method was applied to the determination of metals in river-water samples; the RSDs (10-fold preconcentration) were within 5%. kn-abstract=キレート官能基としてジチオカルバミン酸を架橋キトサンに導入した樹脂を合成した．ジチオカルバミン酸型キトサン樹脂への金属捕集挙動はカラム法を用いて誘導結合プラズマ質量分析法（ICP-MS）により評価した．銅，モリブデン，銀，テルル，タングステン，水銀，ビスマスは幅広いpH範囲で樹脂に捕集された．これらのうち，水溶液中に陽イオンとして存在する銅，銀，テルル，水銀，ビスマスは，キレート生成により樹脂に捕集され，モリブデン，タングステンのように酸素酸として存在する金属は，キレート生成とイオン交換により吸着していると考えられる．この樹脂は通常の溶離酸濃度では金属の溶離が困難であったので，試料処理前に樹脂をあらかじめ0.1 Mの銅イオン溶液とかくはんし，樹脂内部の強い吸着サイトに銅を吸着させておくことで，金属の溶離を改善することに成功した．この前処理をした樹脂1 mlを用いて捕集した金属は，1 M硝酸10 mlでほぼ100％回収可能であった．本法を河川水中の微量金属の定量に応用したところ，相対標準偏差5％ 以内で定量可能であった． en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NinomiyaTakahiko en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Takahiko kn-aut-name=二宮崇彦 kn-aut-sei=二宮 kn-aut-mei=崇彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name=大下浩司 kn-aut-sei=大下 kn-aut-mei=浩司 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 en-keyword=chitosan resin kn-keyword=chitosan resin en-keyword=dithiocarbamate kn-keyword=dithiocarbamate en-keyword=heavy metals kn-keyword=heavy metals en-keyword=elution method kn-keyword=elution method en-keyword=preconcentartion kn-keyword=preconcentartion END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=7-9 article-no= start-page=871 end-page=880 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1966 dt-pub=19660930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=細胞貪食作用の電子顕微鏡的研究 第1編 コロイド粒子の細胞表面への附着現象 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=By using Ehrlich tumor ascites of ddN mice, the phagocytosis of ascites macrophage and the tumor cell has been observed in vitro in the medium containing chondroitin sulfric acidiron colloid. Observations revealed that macrophage phagocytizes the colloid particles but the tumor cell does not in spite of its marked pinocytotic activity. Macrophage adsorbed the colloid particles on its surface but the tumor cell did not, indicating that the adhesion of the colloid particles induces phagocytosis. At the area where the colloid particles were adsorbed small rhopheocytotic vesicles developed and then phagocytotic vesicles were formed, suggesting that rhopheocytosis is the initial step of phagocytosis. The adsorption of the colloid particles occured on the cell surface with a certain distance but not covering whole the surface of the cell. This fact indicates that specific groups having the affinity to the colloid particle should exist on the cell surface of macrophage, by which macrophage can phagocytize the particles. The particles were found to be accumulated in the phagocytotic vesicles. This should be obtained by the membrane flow toward the inside of the cell. Generally the vesicle is connected to the cell surface by narrow tubule. The number of colloid particles in vesicle will increase with the reduction of vesicular volume by dispersing water and the small molecules into cytoplasm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakatsukaAyako en-aut-sei=Nakatsuka en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name=中塚綾子 kn-aut-sei=中塚 kn-aut-mei=綾子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一病理学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=103 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=267 end-page=280 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=1991 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Hemadosorption phenomenon in cultured cells caused by HSV-1 induced Fc receptor : ultrastructural and biological studies kn-title=単純ヘルペスウイルス感染細胞表面に発現するFc-レセプターによる感作赤血球吸着反応―微細形態学的ならびに細胞生物学的考察― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Adsorption of sensitized sheep erythrocytes to FL cells infected with HSV-1 was studied biologically and morphologically. Almost 100% of the FL cells at a late stage of infection (i.e. 23 hrs) were positive for the appearance of HSV-1 gC antigen, while about 86% of them had hemadsorption (HAD) activity. To elucidate why all the infected cells do not show HAD activity, FL cells at the similar stage of infection were examined by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and also by immuno-scanning electron microscopy. When infected cells were treated first with peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) rabbit IgG and then with goat anti-rabbit IgG Iabeled with colloidal gold, the surface of all the cells were clearly tagged with colloidal gold particles. Morphological observations of HAD revealed that many microvilli adhered to the surface of erythrocytes. Thus, in addition to the expression of HSV-induced FcR on the surface membrane of infected cells, which is prerequisite for HAD, microvilli play an essential role on the appearance of this phenomenon. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BaiZeng-Liang en-aut-sei=Bai en-aut-mei=Zeng-Liang kn-aut-name=白増亮 kn-aut-sei=白 kn-aut-mei=増亮 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部ウイルス学教室 en-keyword=単純ヘルペスウイルス kn-keyword=単純ヘルペスウイルス en-keyword=Fc-レセプター kn-keyword=Fc-レセプター en-keyword=microvilli kn-keyword=microvilli en-keyword=hemadsorption kn-keyword=hemadsorption en-keyword=走査電子顕微鏡 kn-keyword=走査電子顕微鏡 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=1039 end-page=1043 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041224 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Synthesis of iminodi(methylphosphonic acid)-type chitosan resin and its adsorption behavior for trace metals kn-title=イミノ二メチルホスホン酸型キトサン樹脂の合成と微量金属の捕集挙動 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A chitosan-based resin possessing the iminodi(methylphosphonic acid) moiety (IDP-type chitosan resin) was synthesized by using cross-linked chitosan as a base material. The adsorption behavior of trace metal ions on the IDP-type chitosan resin was systematically investigated using a mini-column (1 ml of the resin) packed with the resin. The concentrations of metal ions in the effluents were measured by ICP-MS and ICP-AES. The resin could adsorb four metals, such as In(III), Sn(II), Th(IV), and U(VI), by almost 100% over a wide pH range (1∼7). Uranium(VI) and thorium could not be eluted with nitric acid and hydrochloric acid (1∼6 M); other metal ions were easily and readily eluted with 1 M nitric acid. The IDP-type chitosan resin synthesized in this work can be applied to the separation of U(VI) and Th(IV) from other metal ions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaSatoko en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Satoko kn-aut-name=山川聡子 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=聡子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshitaKoji en-aut-sei=Oshita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name=大下浩司 kn-aut-sei=大下 kn-aut-mei=浩司 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkhmadSabarudin en-aut-sei=Akhmad en-aut-mei=Sabarudin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaMitsuko en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Mitsuko kn-aut-name=大島光子 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=光子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部化学科 en-keyword=chitosan resin kn-keyword=chitosan resin en-keyword=iminodi(methylphosphonic acid (IDP) kn-keyword=iminodi(methylphosphonic acid (IDP) en-keyword=uranium(VI) kn-keyword=uranium(VI) en-keyword=thorium(IV) kn-keyword=thorium(IV) en-keyword=heavy metals kn-keyword=heavy metals END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=116 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=273 end-page=279 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=泌尿器科における難治性感染症「尿路バイオフィルム感染症」 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=門田晃一 kn-aut-sei=門田 kn-aut-mei=晃一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=公文裕巳 kn-aut-sei=公文 kn-aut-mei=裕巳 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯学総合研究所　泌尿器病態学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯学総合研究所　泌尿器病態学 en-keyword=尿路感染症 kn-keyword=尿路感染症 en-keyword=細菌バイオフィルム kn-keyword=細菌バイオフィルム en-keyword=院内感染 kn-keyword=院内感染 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=167 end-page=174 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=1993 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Highly Sensitive Detection of Cucumber Mosaic Virus by Using Fluorogenic Substrate or Enzyme-Amplified Assay in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay kn-title=蛍光基質あるいは酵素サイクリング法を用いたELISAによるキュウリモザイクウイルスの高感度検出 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=DAS ELISAによるキュウリモザイクウィルスの超高感度検出を試みた。コ－テング抗体（補足抗体）としてのウサギのポリクロナル抗体を、検出抗体（酸素標識抗体）として高活性のMAbコンジュゲートを用いることにより固相への特異的吸着量と非特異的吸着量の比（S/N比）を大きくするとともに、酵素活性の高感度測定に4-methylumbelliferyl phosphateを用いる蛍光法あるいは酵素サイクリング法を用いた。両法はρ-nitrophenyl posphateを用いる比色法よりもウイルスの検出感度が高く、100pg/mlの精製ウイルスを検出することができた。 kn-abstract=Monoclonal antibody (MAb) was applied to a double-antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS ELISA) for highly sensitive detection of cucumber mosaic virus. Alkaline phosphatase-labeled MAb with high activity was used to raise the ratio of spocific-and nonspecific-adsorption of conjugate (S/N ratio) on polyclonal antibody coated solid phase. Also the assay with a fluorogenic substrace or an enzyme-amplified assay which is highly sensitive for measurment of activity was employed to increase the sensitivity of the assays. This ELISA systems proved to be more sensitive than the conventional assay using ρ-nitorophenyl phosphate, and could detect 100 pg/ml of purified virus. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MaedaTakanori en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name=前田孚憲 kn-aut-sei=前田 kn-aut-mei=孚憲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakoNobumichi en-aut-sei=Sako en-aut-mei=Nobumichi kn-aut-name=佐古宣道 kn-aut-sei=佐古 kn-aut-mei=宣道 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InouyeNarinobu en-aut-sei=Inouye en-aut-mei=Narinobu kn-aut-name=井上成信 kn-aut-sei=井上 kn-aut-mei=成信 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Cucumber mosaic virus kn-keyword=Cucumber mosaic virus en-keyword=Monoclonal antibody kn-keyword=Monoclonal antibody en-keyword=DAS ELISA kn-keyword=DAS ELISA en-keyword=Fluorogenic substrate kn-keyword=Fluorogenic substrate en-keyword=Enzyme-amplified assay kn-keyword=Enzyme-amplified assay END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=639 article-no= start-page=239 end-page=246 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19991125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Transient Desorption Characteristics of Fibrous Organic Adsorbent kn-title=繊維系有機吸着剤の過渡的脱着特性 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=近年、省エネルギーや環境問題の観点から、フロン系冷媒を用いない低温排熱回収型機器の開発が急務となっている。特に、水（水蒸気）を作動冷媒とする吸着式冷凍機やデシカントクーリングシステムは、環境調和型の省エネルギー機器として注目されている。この種の吸着剤を用いた従来の研究は、ゼオライト/水系、シリカゲル/水系や活性炭/アルコールに関する実験や数値計算による吸着平衡特性や吸着剤充填層の非定常特性に関する研究が報告されている。しかしながら、シリカゲルなど無機系の吸着剤を使用した吸着システムでは、吸着・脱着過程の繰り返しによる吸着剤の劣化（微粒子化現象）による吸着能力の低下や通気抵抗の増大に伴う吸着システム性能の低減が問題とされてきた。著者らは、このような無機系吸着剤であるポリアクリル酸ナトリウム架橋体に着目し、その吸着性に関する基礎研究を行ってきた。前報においては、繊維状有機吸着剤を用いた各種の冷凍・空調システム開発の基礎資料を得る目的より、繊維状有機吸着剤充填層に一定温度・湿度・流速の湿潤空気を通気させた場合の水蒸気吸着特性および流動抵抗について定量的な検討を行った。本研究においては、水蒸気を吸着した繊維状有機吸着剤の再生過程に着目し、繊維状吸着剤充填層に低湿度の空気を通気させた場合の非定常的脱着特性および流動抵抗特性について実験的に検討したものである。特に、この種の有機吸着剤の基本的性質は現在のところあまり知られていないので、前報の吸着特性と本脱着特性の対比を行いながら、マクロな立場で取り上げた吸着剤充填層の特徴を明らかにする。 kn-abstract=An experimental investigation was performed to determine the transient desorption characteristics of a fibrous type organic adsorbent, which was composed of the bridged complex of sodium polyacrylate as a new kind of adsorbent. The test fibrous adsorbent was packed in a cylindrical vessel, and dry air was passed through it. The experiments were conducted under various conditions of air velocity, temperature, relative humidity and vessel length. As a result, the pressure loss for the packed bed of the test fibrous adsorbent showed a similar tendency to that for the packed bed of spherical particles. The mass transfer data was correlated by the modified Sherwood number, the Reynolds number, the Schmidt number, the ratio of desorbed water vapor mass to fibrous adsorbent mass, the nondimensional temperature and the ratio of vessel length to fiber diameter. Fourier number for the completion times of adsorption processes were also correlated by Reynolds number, and the ratio of desorbed water vapor mass to fibrous adsorbent mass, the nondimensional temperature and the ratio of vessel length to fiber diameter. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=稲葉英男 kn-aut-sei=稲葉 kn-aut-mei=英男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiKoichi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=尾崎公一 kn-aut-sei=尾崎 kn-aut-mei=公一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoribeAkihiko en-aut-sei=Horibe en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name=堀部明彦 kn-aut-sei=堀部 kn-aut-mei=明彦 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimoyamaRikio en-aut-sei=Shimoyama en-aut-mei=Rikio kn-aut-name=下山力生 kn-aut-sei=下山 kn-aut-mei=力生 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KidaTakahisa en-aut-sei=Kida en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name=木田貴久 kn-aut-sei=木田 kn-aut-mei=貴久 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Mass Transfer kn-keyword=Mass Transfer en-keyword=Packed Bed kn-keyword=Packed Bed en-keyword=Organic Adsorbent kn-keyword=Organic Adsorbent en-keyword=Water Vapor kn-keyword=Water Vapor en-keyword=Desorption kn-keyword=Desorption END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=66 cd-vols= no-issue=652 article-no= start-page=164 end-page=171 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20001225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Sorption Characteristics of Honeycomb Type Sorption Element Composed of Organic Sorbent kn-title=有機系収着剤を塗布したハニカム状収着エレメントの収着特性 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=従来の蒸気圧縮式や吸収式冷凍機を冷熱発生源とする冷熱システムに代わり、環境を考慮した革新的吸着剤等を用いた新しい冷房空調システムの構築への関心が増大している現状にある。吸着剤を用いた代表的なクローズドサイクルとして吸着式冷凍機があり、ゼオライト/水系、シリカゲル/水系や活性炭/アルコール系等に関する実験や数値計算より、それらの吸着特性が明らかにされつつある。一方、これらの吸着剤を用いたオープンサイクルとしてデシカントクーリングや調湿などの研究開発が近年盛んに欧米を中心に行われるようになった。しかしながら、これらの無機系吸着剤を利用した吸着システムでは、その吸脱着の繰り返し操作による吸着剤の劣化に伴う吸着能力の低減や通気抵抗の増大による吸着システム性能の低下が問題とされている。また、吸着剤からの吸着質の脱着に比較的高い温度（80℃程度以上）を必要とすることによる熱源の選択肢が狭いことや無機吸着剤製造コストが高いなども普及を阻害している原因とされている。最近に至り、高分子固体へ蒸気を収着させる新たな収着剤を利用したヒートサイクルが出現している。高分子固体界面へ水蒸気が拘束される現象は、通常の吸着（Adsorption）現象とは呼ばず、収着（Sorption）現象と呼んでいる。この種の収着剤は80℃以下の比較的低温で水蒸気の脱着が可能なことと収着・脱着操作の繰り返しによる収着剤の耐劣化性に優れ、さらに低温での化学反応操作により比較的廉価で収着剤の製造が可能なことから、今後低温排熱の有効利用や環境調和型の調湿や怜熱発生機器への応用が期待されるものである。著者らは、高分子収着剤としてポリアクリル酸ナトリウム架橋体を繊維状に加工した収着剤充填層内に湿り空気を流動した場合の収着・脱着特性に関する基礎研究の結果から、その収着・脱着性能は優れているが、流動抵抗が大きくなる欠点を有することを報告した。本研究は、具体的なデシカント調湿器やデシカントクーリング機器を想定して、ハニカム構造に成形したポリアクリル酸ナトリウム架橋体型収着剤の構造や平衡収着特性そして流動湿り空気との非定常収着特性に影響を及ぼす諸因子の効果を実験的に検討するものである。得られた結果は、収着式の冷凍機などへも活用可能である。 kn-abstract=This paper has dealt with the sorption characteristics of honeycomb shape type sorbent element composed of new organic sorbent which was composed of the bridged complex of sodium polya-crylate. The transient experiments in which the moist air was passed into the honeycomb type sorbent element were conducted under various conditions of air velocity, temperature, relative-humidity and honeycomb length. As a result, the effective mass transfer coefficjent of the organic sorbent sorbing the water-vapor was non-dimensionalized as a function of Reynolds number, modified Stefan number and non-dimensional honeycomb length. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=稲葉英男 kn-aut-sei=稲葉 kn-aut-mei=英男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KidaTakahisa en-aut-sei=Kida en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name=木田貴久 kn-aut-sei=木田 kn-aut-mei=貴久 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoribeAkihiko en-aut-sei=Horibe en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name=堀部明彦 kn-aut-sei=堀部 kn-aut-mei=明彦 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanedaMakoto en-aut-sei=Kaneda en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=金田淳 kn-aut-sei=金田 kn-aut-mei=淳 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Scorption kn-keyword=Scorption en-keyword=Organic Sorbent kn-keyword=Organic Sorbent en-keyword=Water Vapor kn-keyword=Water Vapor en-keyword=Honeycomb Shape kn-keyword=Honeycomb Shape en-keyword=Mass Transfer kn-keyword=Mass Transfer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=69 cd-vols= no-issue=687 article-no= start-page=90 end-page=97 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20031125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Adorption Enhancement of Rectangular Packed Bed with Spherical Adonrbent by Side Wall Cooling in a Forced Convection Flow kn-title=強制対流下における球状吸着剤矩形充填層の側面冷却による吸着促進 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=住宅・ビル空調分野では、省エネルギーの促進や室内空気質そしてアメニテイ性の向上が米国やカナダように一部義務付けている状況あり、今後室内空気の調湿や換気に伴う空調負荷の増大が予想される。このような背景のもとに、大量に賦存する低温排熱の利用、省エネルギー促進そして室内空気環境の快適性志向をカバーする環境親和型熱技術（グリーンサーモテクノロジー）の最右翼である熱サイクル機器として、吸着剤を用いた吸着熱式冷凍機やヒートポンプそして調湿機やデシカントクーリング機器等がある。吸着剤を用いたヒートサイクルは、古くて新しい技術で、環境に優しい技術と言うことで米国や欧州等で開発普及が進んでおり、我が国の代替冷媒を用いた蒸気圧縮機型冷凍機の展開と対比するものである。これら吸着剤を用いた空調関連の調湿や調温利用以外に、吸着剤の水蒸気の吸着及び脱着過程において、水分の蒸発・凝縮潜熱に相当する多量の熱授受があることから、吸着剤は蓄熱材として利用の可能性がある。特に高温多湿な我が国の気候環境においては、湿り空気中の水蒸気を吸着剤に吸着（除湿）する際に発生する吸着熱（放熱）を暖房熱源等へ利用し、その脱着再生（加湿）においては排熱や太陽熱等を利用する、いわゆる化学蓄熱の構築が可能となる。従って、本基礎研究は、一般に普及している低温脱着が可能なシリカゲル吸着剤を蓄熱剤として利用することを前提として、まず冷却による平衡状態に至る吸着特性向上を数値計算で検討するものである。対象とする吸着系は、球状吸着剤を充填した矩形充填層に湿り空気を流動させるもので、吸着性能向上特性は矩形充填層側壁からの冷却による効果を種々の因子（冷却温度、湿り空気流入湿度、平均空気速度、球状吸着剤粒子直径や充填層の寸法）のもとで明らかにするものである。 kn-abstract=The present paper has dealt with the one-sidewall cooling effect of spherical adsorbent paticles packed in a rectangular bed on water vapor adsorption characteristics by a 2-dimensional numerical analysis. The analysis model was considered that one-sidewall of a rectangular packed bed with the homogeneous spherical silica-gel particles was cooled and another walls were adiabatic. The moist air flowed into the rectangular packed bed with spherical adsorbent particles. The silica-gel B with high adsorption ability over high relative humidity was selected as a suitable adsorbent. Numerical results revealed the effects of moist air inlet humidity and airflow velocity, size of spherical silica-gel particles and width of the rectangular packed bed and the sidewall cooling terperature on the amount of water vapor adsorption. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=稲葉英男 kn-aut-sei=稲葉 kn-aut-mei=英男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeoJeong-Kyun en-aut-sei=Seo en-aut-mei=Jeong-Kyun kn-aut-name=徐貞均 kn-aut-sei=徐 kn-aut-mei=貞均 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoribeAkihiko en-aut-sei=Horibe en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name=堀部明彦 kn-aut-sei=堀部 kn-aut-mei=明彦 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Adsorption kn-keyword=Adsorption en-keyword=Wall Cooling Effect kn-keyword=Wall Cooling Effect en-keyword=Spherical Adsorbent kn-keyword=Spherical Adsorbent en-keyword=2-Dimensional Numerical Analysis kn-keyword=2-Dimensional Numerical Analysis en-keyword=Water Vapor kn-keyword=Water Vapor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20040930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=カルボキシル基及びアミノ基を有する種々の有機物質の金属表面への吸着挙動の解析 kn-title=Studies on Adsorption Behavior of Various Organic Substances with Carboxyl and Amino Groups on Metal Surfaces en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NagayasuTakeshi en-aut-sei=Nagayasu en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name=長安武司 kn-aut-sei=長安 kn-aut-mei=武司 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=20020930 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=腸管出血性大腸菌に対する薬用炭の吸着効果 kn-title=Adsorption Effect of Activated Charcoal on Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=仲克巳 kn-aut-sei=仲 kn-aut-mei=克巳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=57 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1981 dt-pub=1981 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=干拓地土壌における水分吸着特性とその物理性への影響 kn-title=Studies on the Characteristics of Water Adsorption and Their Effects on Physical Properties of Soil in Sea Land Reclamation Area en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The concept of water potential (p.F.), as the index to characterized the condition and the nature of the soil water, turned out to be of importance in dealing with the soil in sea land reclamation area. The nature of water adsorbed at high p.F. range and its effects on physical properties of soil has been clarified using 75 samples in 16 sites from 4 different sea land reclamation areas. The results obtained suggest that the surface charge represented by cation exchange capacity (C.E.C.) has definite effect on the adsorption of water at p.F. 6.35, which in turn is considered to be the measure of specific surface area. The effects of electrolyte concentration on the amount of adsorbed water at p.F. 4.85 and 5.51 was very significant. The consistency limits were used to represent the physical properties of soil and the changes of these limits were interpreted in terms of change in the amount of adsorbed water at high p.F. range. Significant correlation was found between the consistency limits and the amount of water adsorbed at p.F. 4.85. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NagahoriKinzo en-aut-sei=Nagahori en-aut-mei=Kinzo kn-aut-name=長堀金造 kn-aut-sei=長堀 kn-aut-mei=金造 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HacchoNobumasa en-aut-sei=Haccho en-aut-mei=Nobumasa kn-aut-name=八丁信正 kn-aut-sei=八丁 kn-aut-mei=信正 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kanto Branch Office END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=69 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1969 dt-pub=1969 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Physico-chemical Properties of Syloid and the Effect of its Addition on Pulverized Food kn-title=サイロイドの理化学的性状と粉末食品へのサイロイド添加の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Syloid is a minute crystal of anhydrous sillica, the use of which has been permitted by F.D.A. in 1966 as an anticaking agent for pulverized food. Sillica is essentially an adsorbent, and used for chromatography to isolate various chemical compounds. It is, therefore, anticipated that it may adsorb the nutrients to decrease the nutritive value of food, when used as the food additive. This report describes some physico-chemical properties of syloid, the determination of syloid added to food, and the adsorption of some nutrients. Recovery of syloid, more than 96 per bent, was determined. Nutrients such as amino acids, vitamin C and glucose were scarcely adsorbed by syloid. Thiamine was a little adsorbed only in an alkaline medium. Either denaturation or decomposition of the nutrients was not observed by paper partition chromatography and absorption spectrum. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TadaMikiro en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Mikiro kn-aut-name=多田幹郎 kn-aut-sei=多田 kn-aut-mei=幹郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiroishiMasahide en-aut-sei=Shiroishi en-aut-mei=Masahide kn-aut-name=白石正英 kn-aut-sei=白石 kn-aut-mei=正英 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END