start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=139 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260409 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pseudoaneurysm of the thoracoacromial artery associated with habitual shoulder dislocation: a case report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Shoulder dislocation is one of the most common joint dislocations encountered in emergency departments, but vascular complications are rare and often underrecognized. Pseudoaneurysms of the thoracoacromial artery, a branch of the axillary artery, are extremely uncommon and may present with subtle symptoms, delaying diagnosis.
Case presentation An 82-year-old woman with a history of habitual anterior shoulder dislocation presented with a 10-day history of progressive pain and swelling in the left shoulder. She was on edoxaban for atrial fibrillation. Examination revealed localized tenderness and swelling without neurological deficits. Computed tomography angiography showed a 30?×?35?×?35 mm pseudoaneurysm arising from the acromial branch of the thoracoacromial artery. Endovascular embolization was performed using a proximal oxidized regenerated cellulose sheet placement followed by injection of N-butyl cyanoacrylate and Lipiodol due to the risk of coil migration into the joint space. The procedure achieved complete exclusion of the lesion. At three-month follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic with preserved left upper limb function. Computed tomography angiography demonstrated the pseudoaneurysm remains excluded.
Conclusion Although rare, pseudoaneurysms of the thoracoacromial artery can occur after repeated shoulder dislocation and reduction, especially in elderly patients on anticoagulation therapy. Early recognition through imaging and prompt endovascular intervention can prevent serious vascular and neurological complications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaHonoka en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Honoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamasakiAya en-aut-sei=Hamasaki en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoSoichiro en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoShunki en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Shunki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojimaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Nojima en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Yumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Pseudoaneurysm kn-keyword=Pseudoaneurysm en-keyword=Thoracoacromial artery kn-keyword=Thoracoacromial artery en-keyword=Shoulder dislocation kn-keyword=Shoulder dislocation en-keyword=Anticoagulation kn-keyword=Anticoagulation en-keyword=Endovascular embolization kn-keyword=Endovascular embolization END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=329 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=High-risk soft-tissue sarcomas in elderly patients: does perioperative radiotherapy improve local control and prognosis? en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aims Accumulating evidence suggests that advanced age is associated with poor local control and prognosis in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs), highlighting the need to optimise treatment for this age group. However, real-world data on treatment details and outcomes in elderly patients are limited. This study aimed to clarify the role of perioperative radiotherapy (RT) for treating high-risk STSs in elderly patients.
Methods Patients aged???70 years who underwent surgery for localised, high-grade, deep-seated non-small round cell STSs measuring???5 cm were included in the Bone and Soft Tissue Tumour Registry in Japan. Patients with small-round cell STSs or myxoid liposarcomas, or those who received perioperative chemotherapy or intraoperative RT, were excluded.
Results Among the 1,214 patients who met the criteria, 47 (4%), 219 (18%), and 2 (0.2%) received neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and both neoadjuvant and adjuvant RT, respectively. The 5- and 10-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rates were 72.7% and 64.7%, respectively. Tumour size???10 cm, intralesional margin, and local recurrence were associated with poorer DSS; however, perioperative RT did not affect DSS. The 5- and 10-year cumulative probabilities of local recurrence (LR) were 14.6% and 19.5%, respectively. Trunk wall tumours, dedifferentiated liposarcomas, marginal margins, and intralesional margins were associated with a higher probability of LR. Adjuvant RT was associated with a reduced LR probability in patients with intralesional (p = 0.005) or marginal margins (p?=?0.044); however, no such benefit was observed in patients with wide margins, who constituted the majority of the cohort, resulting in no significant association between perioperative RT and LR in overall analyses. In the propensity score-matched cohort, no significant differences in DSS or cumulative probability of LR were observed between patients with and without perioperative RT.
Conclusion Adjuvant RT was associated with reduced LR rates in elderly patients with high-risk STSs who had intralesional or marginal margins. However, because most patients achieved wide margins and no benefit of perioperative RT was observed in this group, RT was not associated with reduced LR or improved survival in the overall or propensity score?matched analyses. Prospective trials are warranted to define the role of perioperative RT in elderly patients with high-risk STSs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiwaraTomohiro en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NezuYutaka en-aut-sei=Nezu en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TajimaTakashi en-aut-sei=Tajima en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiwaShinji en-aut-sei=Miwa en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaToshio en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraShuichi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiAkira en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Centre for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, National Cancer Centre Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Advanced Medical Sciences, Oita University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Soft-tissue sarcoma kn-keyword=Soft-tissue sarcoma en-keyword=High-risk kn-keyword=High-risk en-keyword=Surgery kn-keyword=Surgery en-keyword=Perioperative radiotherapy kn-keyword=Perioperative radiotherapy en-keyword=Elderly patients kn-keyword=Elderly patients END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1612 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260409 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Community health worker-supported oral health promotion in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review of roles, interventions, and outcomes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Oral diseases are among the most prevalent conditions worldwide and disproportionately affect populations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The shortage and maldistribution of the oral health workforce have widened inequalities in prevention and treatment. Task-sharing through community health workers (CHWs) has been promoted as a cost-effective and sustainable strategy for extending services to underserved populations; however, evidence on their roles in oral health promotion in LMICs remains fragmented. This scoping review mapped evidence on CHW-supported oral health promotion and identified common roles, interventions, and system-level challenges.
Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar, using keywords and MeSH terms related to “community health workers,” “oral health,” and LMICs, based on the EPOC LMIC filter of the World Bank’s classifications. No publication date restrictions were applied, and gray literature was included. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews and was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Data were charted on CHW characteristics, roles, target populations, oral conditions addressed, and implementation challenges, and synthesized narratively. This protocol was registered on Open Science Forum (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NZPHA).
Results Thirty-two studies from 11 LMICs were included, approximately half from India. The evidence mapped a wide range of CHW roles and interventions, most commonly focusing on oral cancer screening, followed by dental caries prevention and periodontal care. CHWs were involved in home visits, education, screening, basic treatment, and referrals. Some programs integrate mobile health (mHealth) tools for remote diagnosis. System-level challenges were variably reported across settings, including inadequate infrastructure, fragmented referral systems, limited supervision, and constrained career development opportunities for CHWs.
Conclusions This scoping review highlights the contributions of CHWs to oral health promotion in LMICs, while underscoring health system and workforce constraints. The available evidence is largely descriptive, suggesting the need for strengthened training, supervision, referral linkages, and career development to support CHWs’ integration into oral health services. Family-centered and Continuum of Care approaches warrant further exploration to inform equitable and sustainable oral health within primary health care systems. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasuokaJunko en-aut-sei=Yasuoka en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaYohei en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Global Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke’s International University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Community health worker kn-keyword=Community health worker en-keyword=Oral health kn-keyword=Oral health en-keyword=Low- and middle-income countries kn-keyword=Low- and middle-income countries END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=2134 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260615 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Toward Convergence in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning: Best-Response Space Shrinking as a Sufficient Condition en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We study convergence in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) through the lens of sufficient conditions, using a single-point-of-failure analysis applied to multi-agent policy iteration integrated with linear programming (MAPI-LP), where results are proven for pure coordination games, and extension to broader settings is conjectured. We identify two sufficient conditions for convergence to Markov Perfect Equilibrium (MPE). The first is stability in best-response space that emerges from value monotonicity. The second, monotonic best-response space shrinking (MBRSS), is a novel condition requiring that each agent’s best-response space contracts monotonically across iterations until it collapses to a stable space. Furthermore, we show that MBRSS does not necessarily imply monotonic improvement in this setting. However, value monotonicity and stability in best-response space imply each other when a complementary condition is applied. Building on this hierarchical relationship, we propose conjectures on sufficient condition relationships in both serial and parallel MARL. In addition, we propose conjectures on generalized MBRSS to arbitrary finite repeated games and validation of stability in best-response space. We further discuss connections between MBRSS and existing related frameworks, and outline directions toward a taxonomy of sufficient conditions for MARL convergence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ManatphaiboonNatchanon en-aut-sei=Manatphaiboon en-aut-mei=Natchanon kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MondenAkito en-aut-sei=Monden en-aut-mei=Akito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Y?celZeynep en-aut-sei=Y?cel en-aut-mei=Zeynep kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’Foscari University of Venice kn-affil= en-keyword=sufficient condition kn-keyword=sufficient condition en-keyword=convergence analysis kn-keyword=convergence analysis en-keyword=Markov perfect equilibrium kn-keyword=Markov perfect equilibrium en-keyword=multi-agent reinforcement learning kn-keyword=multi-agent reinforcement learning en-keyword=best-response dynamics kn-keyword=best-response dynamics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=832 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260114 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Possible Involvement of Hypothalamic Dysfunction in Long COVID Patients Characterized by Delayed Response to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Long COVID (LC) may involve endocrine dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To examine hypothalamic?pituitary responses in patients with LC, we conducted a single-center retrospective study of patients with refractory LC referred to our University Hospital who underwent anterior pituitary stimulation tests. Between February 2021 and November 2025, 1251 patients with long COVID were evaluated, of whom 207 (19%) had relatively low random ACTH or cortisol levels. Ultimately, 16 underwent anterior pituitary stimulation tests and were included. All tests were performed in an inpatient setting without exogenous steroids. Fifteen patients (six women, mean age 35.6 years) underwent corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) tests. All patients had mild acute COVID-19, eight had ?2 vaccinations, and the mean interval from infection was 343 days. Frequent symptoms included fatigue (100%), insomnia (66.7%), headache (60.0%), anorexia/nausea (40.0%), and brain fog (40.0%). Mean early-morning cortisol and 24 h urinary free cortisol were 7.5 μg/dL and 41.0 μg/day, respectively. MRI showed an empty sella in one case. Peak hormonal responses were preserved (ΔACTH 247%, ΔTSH 918%, ΔPRL 820%, ΔFSH 187%, ΔLH 1150%); however, peaks were delayed beyond 60 min in ACTH (13%), LH (33%), and FSH (87%). Notably, significantly delayed elevations remained at 120 min in the responses of TSH (4.1-fold), PRL (1.8-fold), LH (9.3-fold), and FSH (2.8-fold), suggesting possible hypothalamic involvement, particularly in the gonadotropin responses. Additionally, serum IGF-I was lowered (?0.70 SD), while GH response (mean peak 35.5 ng/mL) was preserved by growth hormone-releasing peptide (GHRP)-2 stimulation. Low-dose hydrocortisone and testosterone were initiated for three patients. Although direct viral effects and secondary suppression have been proposed, our findings may suggest that, at least in part, the observed response characteristics are consistent with functional secondary hypothalamic dysfunction rather than irreversible primary injury. These findings highlight the need for objective endocrine evaluation before initiating hormone replacements. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoejimaYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Soejima en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuyamaAtsuhito en-aut-sei=Suyama en-aut-mei=Atsuhito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaseRyosuke en-aut-sei=Takase en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguniKohei en-aut-sei=Oguni en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaYohei en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuradaYasue en-aut-sei=Sakurada en-aut-mei=Yasue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaYui en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaToru en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki en-aut-sei=Tokumasu en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaKeigo en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=COVID-19 kn-keyword=COVID-19 en-keyword=gonadotropin kn-keyword=gonadotropin en-keyword=gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) kn-keyword=gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) en-keyword=hypothalamus kn-keyword=hypothalamus en-keyword=long COVID kn-keyword=long COVID END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=011001 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Quest for the non-perturbative magnetic field effects in the 1000-Tesla magnetic field region en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The low-temperature insulator phase is found to be completely suppressed by ultrahigh magnetic fields of 500 T and transformed to the metallic phase in a V1-xWxO2 (x = 0.06) thin film, which has a slightly lower metal-insulator transition temperature (TMI) than that of the film reported in the previous ultrahigh magnetic field experiment [1,2]. It is also found that the insulator phase is more robust against a magnetic field for a highly W-doped film (x = 0.12), suggesting a different origin of the insulator phases between x = 0.06 and 0.12. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsudaYasuhiro H. en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamuraKento en-aut-sei=Yamamura en-aut-mei=Kento kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiYuto en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaAkihiko en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawabeHironobu en-aut-sei=Sawabe en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaharaHayato en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Hayato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuraokaYuji en-aut-sei=Muraoka en-aut-mei=Yuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=ISSP, Univ. of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=ISSP, Univ. of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=ISSP, Univ. of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=ISSP, Univ. of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=ISSP, Univ. of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=GNST, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=RIIS, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100972 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Highly sensitive detection of cancer cells using a voltage-tuned terahertz chemical microscope en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Terahertz chemical microscopy (TCM) is a promising label-free technique for detecting biochemical interactions by monitoring changes in terahertz (THz) wave emission from semiconductor sensing plates. However, quantitative biological detection has been hindered by large plate-to-plate variations originating from uncontrolled depletion-layer electric fields formed during fabrication. These variations shift the response curve of THz amplitude and reduce reproducibility and sensitivity. Here, we introduce a voltage-tuned sensing plate that allows direct control of the depletion-layer electric field by applying a bias voltage to the Si layer of the sensing plate. This enables deliberate adjustment of surface potential and alignment of the THz response curve to the region of highest gain. Using lung adenocarcinoma cells (PC9) captured via AE1/AE3 antibodies targeting specific cell-surface antigens, we demonstrate that voltage tuning enhances detection sensitivity by up to 50-fold and restores linearity between THz amplitude and the logarithm of cell concentration, even in plates with negligible response at 0 V. These findings establish voltage control as a simple, universally applicable strategy to stabilize TCM performance, reduce fabrication-induced variability, and improve analytical sensitivity for biosensing and materials-analysis applications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DingXue en-aut-sei=Ding en-aut-mei=Xue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmiYuto en-aut-sei=Ohmi en-aut-mei=Yuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangJin en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Jin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueHirofumi en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiwaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Kiwa en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Medical Support, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Terahertz chemical microscopy kn-keyword=Terahertz chemical microscopy en-keyword=Voltage tuning kn-keyword=Voltage tuning en-keyword=Cancer cells kn-keyword=Cancer cells en-keyword=Surface potential kn-keyword=Surface potential END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=102295 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Robot-assisted pulmonary lobectomy after subtotal esophagectomy in the prone position: A unified port strategy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BabaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Baba en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMikio en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mikio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHaruchika en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Haruchika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TorigoeHidejiro en-aut-sei=Torigoe en-aut-mei=Hidejiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeShunsuke en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NomaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Noma en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=229 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=jeb251318 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Insulin-like peptide has antagonistic pleiotropic effects on male combat traits and survival traits in an armed beetle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The expression of sexually selected traits, such as exaggerated weapons and ornaments, often entails trade-offs against life-history traits. While phenotypic trade-offs are well documented, the underlying molecular physiological mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the potential role of an insulin-like peptide, ILP2, in mediating the trade-off between sexually selected combat traits and survival traits in the broad-horned flour beetle, Gnatocerus cornutus. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown (KD) of ILP2 during larval stages resulted in a reduction in the development of mandibular horns and overall body size. Interestingly, ILP2 KD males had increased lipid storage and enhanced starvation tolerance, indicating a shift in resource allocation from sexually selected traits to survival traits. Behaviorally, ILP2 KD males showed decreased locomotor activity and reduced aggression, leading to lower combat success. These findings suggest that ILP2 functions as a key mediator in the allocation of resources between combat and survival traits, highlighting its pleiotropic effects on morphology, metabolism and behavior. Our study provides novel insights into the molecular physiological mechanisms underlying life-history trade-offs associated with sexually selected traits. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatoTakumi en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimineChiho en-aut-sei=Yoshimine en-aut-mei=Chiho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiokaHaruna en-aut-sei=Fujioka en-aut-mei=Haruna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsukiMasako en-aut-sei=Katsuki en-aut-mei=Masako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaKensuke en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaYasukazu en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Yasukazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e0339600 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260312 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Early administration of renin?angiotensin system inhibitors improves survival and cardiac remodeling in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major cardiovascular disease that accounts for 50% of all cases of heart failure. Patients with HFpEF have limited therapeutic options because of the complex pathogenesis of this disease. Decreased nitric oxide (NO) levels and increased renin?angiotensin system (RAS) activity may be associated with HFpEF pathogenesis. However, whether soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators and RAS inhibitors protect against HFpEF remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive effects of RAS inhibitors captopril (Cap) and/or sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) and sGC stimulator vericiguat (Ver) on HFpEF progression. HFpEF was induced in 8-week-old male Wistar rats through intake of L-arginine methyl ester and a high-fat diet. Results showed that the survival rate after 8 weeks of treatment was 100% in the normal diet (Cont group), Cap, and Sac/Val groups, whereas it was approximately 20% in the HFpEF and Ver groups. No significant differences in the left ventricular systolic function were found. In addition, histochemistry revealed that myocardial hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis obviously increased in the HFpEF group but not in the Cap and Sac/Val groups compared with the Cont group. Furthermore, RNA sequencing analysis showed that the expression of genes related to inflammatory response, hypertrophy, and extracellular matrix?receptor interaction increased in the HFpEF group and decreased in the Cap and Sac/Val groups. In conclusion, early administration of Cap or Sac/Val may reduce the risk of developing HFpEF by inhibiting the RAS pathway rather than the NO-sGC-cGMP pathway. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonoYuka en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SonodaKunihiro en-aut-sei=Sonoda en-aut-mei=Kunihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtakeKazuo en-aut-sei=Ohtake en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaAkinobu en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Akinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoShusei en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Shusei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakayamaHinako en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Hinako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukuokaTaketo en-aut-sei=Fukuoka en-aut-mei=Taketo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiYuki en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TagoHaruka en-aut-sei=Tago en-aut-mei=Haruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeNobuhisa en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Nobuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoIkumi en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ikumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirohataSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hirohata en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitamoriKazuya en-aut-sei=Kitamori en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeShogo en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Josai University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Collage of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Academic Field of Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1759690 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260309 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of a generative AI agent for family support in implementing family-based treatment for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction: Family-based treatment (FBT) is a first-line psychotherapy for children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, families must understand the principles of FBT, provide meal support, and manage their children's pathological behaviors. Difficulties occur outside clinic hours when it is impossible to consult professionals. This “support gap” increases caregivers’ psychological distress and threatens their treatment continuity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first domain-specific generative artificial intelligence (AI) agent designed to provide situation-specific, FBT-concordant advice and psychological support.
Methods: The system integrates three components: (1) an FBT-specific knowledge base constructed from treatment manuals, family guides, guideline-compliant resources, and a clinical Q&A corpus; (2) a multistage natural language processing pipeline using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), with intent and sentiment analyses; and (3) safety guardrails that prohibit unsolicited numerical goals or direct hospitalization recommendations and standardized escalation to clinicians. When strong negative emotions are detected, empowerment messages are dynamically incorporated to maintain caregivers’ confidence. Six clinicians with expertise with pediatric mental health authored queries that simulated common FBT-related concerns and evaluated each response for clinical appropriateness and safety, and classified problems as information insufficiency, not FBT concordant, or escalation insufficiency.
Results: Of the 477 queries, 57.0% were FBT-related, 24.5% were general AN, 16.5% were parental psychological distress, and 1.8% were related to other topics. The clinically appropriate response rate was 91.6% (437/477), including 92.3% for FBT-related questions, 88.0% for general knowledge, 93.7% for psychological distress, and 100.0% for other questions. Clinically inappropriate responses (8.4%) were mainly attributable to information insufficiency; not FBT concordant (1.8% of FBT-related responses) and escalation insufficiency (0.6% of all dialogs) rarely occurred.
Discussion: In this expert review, the safety-gated RAG system predominantly generated FBT-concordant responses that provided meal-level guidance and empathic empowerment-oriented support to families. By proceduralizing complex FBT concepts and presenting multiple response options for pathological behaviors, the system translates FBT principles into practical guidance supporting refeeding adherence, preserving family self-efficacy, and suggesting that domain-specific AI may help bridge structural limitations in FBT. Usability studies and randomized controlled trials are warranted to determine their impact on caregiver burden, self-efficacy, treatment adherence, and clinical outcomes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HanzawaMana en-aut-sei=Hanzawa en-aut-mei=Mana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseiJoe en-aut-sei=Hasei en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaAyumi en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaChie en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Chie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigeyasuYoshie en-aut-sei=Shigeyasu en-aut-mei=Yoshie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiChikako en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriuchiMakiko en-aut-sei=Horiuchi en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaAkiko en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiKoichi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaharaRyuichi en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Ryuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaHideki en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYasushi en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Support Technology Development, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Clinical Psychology Section, Department of Medical Support, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Life Natural Science and Technology, Graduate School of Environmental, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=NEC Corporation kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital Medical Center for Children kn-affil= en-keyword=anorexia nervosa kn-keyword=anorexia nervosa en-keyword=caregiver burden kn-keyword=caregiver burden en-keyword=family support kn-keyword=family support en-keyword=family-based treatment kn-keyword=family-based treatment en-keyword=generative AI agent kn-keyword=generative AI agent en-keyword=large language model kn-keyword=large language model en-keyword=retrieval-augmented generation kn-keyword=retrieval-augmented generation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Unraveling the structural features of Dion?Jacobson-type layered perovskite-related material HCa2Nb3O10?1.5H2O en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hydrated layered oxides are widely encountered, yet the presence of disordered interlayer water often complicates crystal structure determination from laboratory X-ray diffraction. Here, we report the crystal structure of the Dion?Jacobson-type layered perovskite-related material HCa2Nb3O10?1.5H2O, solved from synchrotron X-ray diffraction data by combining direct methods in reciprocal space, Le Bail whole-pattern fitting, and Rietveld refinement. The hydrate crystallizes in a tetragonal structure with space group P42212 (a = 7.7070(5) ?, c = 32.4870(3) ?). Incorporation of partially occupied interlayer water-oxygen sites on the (110) plane at z = 0 and 1/2 successfully reproduces the low-angle 00l reflections while preserving the Ca2Nb3O10 framework. The resulting crystallographic model explicitly resolves the arrangement of interlayer water molecules and provides a robust structural foundation for band-structure calculations as well as for the rational design of hydration-controlled intercalation, exfoliation, and composite materials based on layered perovskite-related materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhangZihao en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Zihao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoJun en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaShu en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Shu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimokawaHiromu en-aut-sei=Shimokawa en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsadaMinoru en-aut-sei=Osada en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS), Nagoya University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Materials Chemistry and Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS), Nagoya University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=100082 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pharmaceutical agents targeting KATP channel modulate sweet taste sensitivity in mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sweet detection involves at least two mechanisms: a G-protein coupled sweet taste receptor (Tas1r2/Tas1r3) and glucose transporters. As in pancreatic β-cells, glucose transport may lead to closure of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels. Since expression of KATP channels in sweet taste cells has been reported, modulation of KATP channel activity would affect sweet taste sensitivity. Here, we examined the effect of glibenclamide (a KATP channel closer) and diazoxide (an opener) on mouse taste behavior. Glibenclamide selectively reduced taste sensitivity to glucose without affecting responses to sucrose or sucralose compared to insulin, suggesting selective impairment of the transporter-dependent pathway. In contrast, diazoxide broadly suppressed responses to all tested sweeteners, indicating a generalized effect on sweet detection. Neither drug altered responses to non-sweet taste. These findings suggest that pharmacological modulation of KATP channel differently influences sweet taste; closers reduce glucose sensitivity whereas openers attenuate response to multiple sweeteners. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SawaiChika en-aut-sei=Sawai en-aut-mei=Chika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangKuanyu en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Kuanyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieKengo en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitohYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Mitoh en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaHirotaka en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Sweet taste receptor kn-keyword=Sweet taste receptor en-keyword=Glucose transporter kn-keyword=Glucose transporter en-keyword=Diabetes kn-keyword=Diabetes en-keyword=Taste disorder kn-keyword=Taste disorder en-keyword=Cephalic phase insulin release kn-keyword=Cephalic phase insulin release END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=370 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=199761 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Toward in planta studies of persistent fungal viruses in a model plant en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A model plant, Nicotiana benthamiana, was examined as a host for persistent fungal viruses capable of crossing organismal kingdoms. Protoplasts of N. benthamiana were transfected with a mixture of virions of a betapartitivirus, Rosellinia necatrix partitivirus 18 (RnPV18), and an alphapartitivirus, RnPV19, and were then subjected to plantlet regeneration. Primary RT-PCR-based screening showed that nearly 100% of the resulting calli tested positive for RnPV18, whereas approximately 90% were positive for RnPV19. However, secondary screening performed at a later stage of tissue culture revealed that only 6% of the calli retained RnPV19, whereas approximately 33% retained RnPV18. These results suggest that the calli were chimeric, consisting of virus-infected and virus-free sectors, and that the partitiviruses were progressively lost during callus maintenance. It is also possible that these fungal partitiviruses were unable to fully adapt to, or counteract, host defense responses sufficiently to establish stable infection. We succeeded in obtaining RnPV18-positive calli and suspension cultures that maintained the virus at detectable levels, as shown by northern blotting, after prolonged subculture for at least 9 months. High-throughput small RNA analyses revealed both similarities and differences in virus-derived small RNA profiles among protoplasts, calli, and suspension cultures. Viral genome analyses further revealed developmental stage-specific and stage-independent substitutions compared with the RnPV18 genomic sequence maintained in the original fungal host. Interestingly, a C-to-U mutation in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase-encoding region of RnPV18 was detected much more frequently in a particular line, designated B21, than in another stably RnPV18-infected line, P8, irrespective of whether the virus was maintained in suspension cultures or calli. This may explain why virus accumulation in B21 calli and suspension cultures was much lower than that in P8 cell cultures, as RNA-seq analyses showed 159 K counts per million for P8 versus 44 K counts per million for B21. Taken together, this study provides a platform for investigating partitiviruses and other ubiquitous persistent viruses, which are generally difficult to inoculate experimentally. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TelengechPaul en-aut-sei=Telengech en-aut-mei=Paul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisanoSakae en-aut-sei=Hisano en-aut-mei=Sakae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FavarettoFrancesco en-aut-sei=Favaretto en-aut-mei=Francesco kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchikawaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Ichikawa en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HyodoKiwamu en-aut-sei=Hyodo en-aut-mei=Kiwamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoHideki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Agrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Cross-kingdom infection kn-keyword=Cross-kingdom infection en-keyword=Tissue culture kn-keyword=Tissue culture en-keyword=Partitivirus kn-keyword=Partitivirus en-keyword=dsRNA virus kn-keyword=dsRNA virus en-keyword=Nicotiana, benthamiana kn-keyword=Nicotiana, benthamiana en-keyword=Callus kn-keyword=Callus en-keyword=Suspension culture kn-keyword=Suspension culture en-keyword=Model plant kn-keyword=Model plant END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=107 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=002255 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Rhabdoviridae 2026 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The family Rhabdoviridae comprises viruses with unsegmented, bi-segmented or tri-segmented negative-sense (?) RNA genomes of 10?16?kb. Virions are typically enveloped, with bullet-shaped or bacilliform morphology, but can also be non-enveloped filaments. Rhabdoviruses infect plants or animals, including vertebrates or invertebrates such as arthropods, which can serve as single hosts or act as biological vectors for transmission to animals or plants. Rhabdoviruses include important pathogens of humans, livestock, fish or agricultural crops. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Rhabdoviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/rhabdoviridae. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WalkerPeter J. en-aut-sei=Walker en-aut-mei=Peter J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BejermanNicolas en-aut-sei=Bejerman en-aut-mei=Nicolas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BlasdellKim R. en-aut-sei=Blasdell en-aut-mei=Kim R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=DebatHumberto en-aut-sei=Debat en-aut-mei=Humberto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=DietzgenRalf G. en-aut-sei=Dietzgen en-aut-mei=Ralf G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FooksAnthony R. en-aut-sei=Fooks en-aut-mei=Anthony R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Freitas-Ast?aJuliana en-aut-sei=Freitas-Ast?a en-aut-mei=Juliana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=GarverKyle en-aut-sei=Garver en-aut-mei=Kyle kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoHideki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ramos-Gonz?lezPedro Luis en-aut-sei=Ramos-Gonz?lez en-aut-mei=Pedro Luis kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiMang en-aut-sei=Shi en-aut-mei=Mang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeshRobert B. en-aut-sei=Tesh en-aut-mei=Robert B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TordoNo?l en-aut-sei=Tordo en-aut-mei=No?l kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=VasilakisNikos en-aut-sei=Vasilakis en-aut-mei=Nikos kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=WhitfieldAnna E. en-aut-sei=Whitfield en-aut-mei=Anna E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=University of Queensland kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones and Instituto Nacional de Tecnolog?a Agropecuaria (INTA) kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=CSIRO Health and Biosecurity kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones and Instituto Nacional de Tecnolog?a Agropecuaria (INTA) kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=University of Queensland kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Animal and Plant Health Agency Addlestone kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Fisheries & Oceans Canada kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Instituto Biol?gico kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Sun Yat Sen University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=University of Texas Medical Branch kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Gamal Abdel Nasser University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=University of Texas Medical Branch kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=North Carolina State University kn-affil= en-keyword=ICTV Report kn-keyword=ICTV Report en-keyword=Rhabdoviridae kn-keyword=Rhabdoviridae en-keyword=taxonomy kn-keyword=taxonomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=181 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=55 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Electrical conductivity of geikielite (MgTiO3) at lunar mantle conditions: the role of metastable defect states and thermal history en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The electrical conductivity of geikielite (MgTiO3), the Mg endmember of the ilmenite group, was investigated at mantle pressures of 2 and 4.3 GPa and temperatures up to 1850 K using a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus. Electrical conductivity increases by more than seven orders of magnitude between 800 and 1700 K and exhibits two distinct conduction regimes separated by a transition at ~?1500?1700 K. The high-temperature regime is characterized by large activation enthalpies (ΔH???1.8?2.3 eV), whereas the low-temperature regime shows much lower values (ΔH???0.19?0.31 eV). Stepwise annealing experiments reveal a pronounced thermal-history dependence: repeated heating to progressively higher maximum temperatures (Tmax) produces metastable conductivity states, enhancing low-temperature conductivity by up to six orders of magnitude and systematically reducing activation enthalpy. This behavior indicates activation and freezing-in of defect-related charge carriers. Negative activation volumes further support a hopping-type conduction mechanism. Although Ti?? was not directly detected, the combination of reducing experimental conditions, Al?? impurities (~?0.35 wt% Al?O?), low activation energies, and strong thermal memory is most consistent with small-polaron hopping involving Ti???Ti?? pairs. At lunar core?mantle boundary temperatures, geikielite reaches conductivities of 10??10? S/m, exceeding those of olivine and overlapping estimates for the lunar low-velocity zone. Our results demonstrate that solid-state Ti-rich oxides can produce high electrical conductivity without partial melting, providing new constraints on the thermochemical evolution and electromagnetic structure of the lunar interior. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshinoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Electrical conductivity kn-keyword=Electrical conductivity en-keyword=Geikielite kn-keyword=Geikielite en-keyword=High-pressure and high-temperature experiment kn-keyword=High-pressure and high-temperature experiment en-keyword=Ilmenite kn-keyword=Ilmenite en-keyword=Metastable defect states kn-keyword=Metastable defect states END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100163 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Heteroarylation of mono- and dichloroarenes via phenothiazine organophotoredox catalysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=2-Arylpyrroles are key structural motifs found in a wide range of pharmaceuticals and functional materials. Although the photocatalytic heteroarylation of pyrroles with aryl iodides and bromides has been extensively developed for the synthesis of 2-arylpyrroles, the corresponding reactions using aryl chlorides remain relatively unexplored owing to the high energy barrier associated with C(sp2)?Cl bond activation. Herein, we report a phenothiazine-based organophotoredox-catalyzed heteroarylation of aryl chlorides with pyrroles for the synthesis of diverse 2-arylpyrroles. Notably, dichloroarenes also efficiently undergo heteroarylation to afford the corresponding products. Therefore, the present reaction represents a versatile approach to heteroarylation and provides a valuable tool for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and functional materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OishiMasato en-aut-sei=Oishi en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamuraHiroyoshi en-aut-sei=Takamura en-aut-mei=Hiroyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadotaIsao en-aut-sei=Kadota en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaKenta en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Heteroarylation kn-keyword=Heteroarylation en-keyword=Photoredox catalysis kn-keyword=Photoredox catalysis en-keyword=Aryl chloride kn-keyword=Aryl chloride en-keyword=Phenothiazine kn-keyword=Phenothiazine en-keyword=Visible light kn-keyword=Visible light END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=pcag055 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260428 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Involvement of tRNA thiolation in uORF-mediated translational regulation during Xylogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Post-transcriptional modification of tRNAs is an important mechanism for regulating translation efficiency and cellular homeostasis, yet its contribution to upstream open reading frame (uORF)-mediated translational control remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the role of tRNA thiolation in thermospermine-dependent regulation of xylem development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Using a suppressor screen of the thermospermine-deficient mutant acaulis5 (acl5), which exhibits dwarfism and excessive xylem differentiation, we identified suppressor-of-acl502 (sac502) as a recessive loss-of-function allele of CTU2, a gene encoding a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of the wobble uridine modification 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine. Mutations in other components of the same modification pathway, including ROL5 and TRM9, similarly suppressed the acl5 phenotype. Translational analyses using 5′ leader-GUS reporter constructs revealed that the ctu2 mutation did not enhance translation of the mRNA containing a thermospermine-responsive uORF of SAC51, but instead significantly reduced translation of that of SACL3, a member of the SAC51 family, and that of LONESOME HIGHWAY (LHW), which contains another conserved uORF in the 5′ leader region. Polysome profiling further demonstrated decreased association of SACL3 and LHW mRNAs with actively translating ribosomes in ctu2. Genetic interaction analyses supported the conclusion that the suppression of excessive xylem formation in acl5 by ctu2 is attributable to reduced LHW activity. In addition, ctu2 mutants displayed increased sensitivity to exogenous thermospermine, resembling the response of lhw mutants. Together, our results reveal that tRNA thiolation contributes to uORF-mediated translational regulation of key developmental regulators and identify tRNA modification as an important regulatory layer controlling vascular development. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiiYuichi en-aut-sei=Nishii en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiDaichi en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Daichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaraumiMitsuru en-aut-sei=Saraumi en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiTaku en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Taku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Arabidopsis kn-keyword=Arabidopsis en-keyword=mRNA translation kn-keyword=mRNA translation en-keyword=thermospermine kn-keyword=thermospermine en-keyword=tRNA thiolation kn-keyword=tRNA thiolation en-keyword=uOR kn-keyword=uOR END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=103382 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=AI-assisted writing feedback in EFL: Tracking student performance and reflections en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study explores how AI-assisted writing feedback supports English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' writing development and feedback literacy in a Japanese university. Twenty-one first-year students completed nine Write & Improve (W&I) tasks, progressing from descriptive to argumentative essays. Each task was revised following W&I feedback, and students were asked to write a short reflective log. An explanatory mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining quantitative analyses of writing performance and linguistic features with qualitative coding of students' reflections. Findings showed measurable gains in both higher- and lower-level groups, with particularly notable improvement among lower-level students in complexity, fluency, and sophistication. While the higher group consistently outperformed the lower group in Term 1, this gap narrowed in Term 2. Reflection logs provided important insights into feedback literacy: students initially valued W&I for surface-level corrections but later expressed frustration as tasks became more complex and scores plateaued. This tendency was especially evident among lower-level students, reflecting both the affordances and limitations of automated feedback. The study concludes that AI-assisted tools can foster writing development and emerging feedback literacy, but sustained progress requires teacher mediation. Integrating Automated Writing Evaluation (AWE) into ecological feedback environments - combining AI, teacher, and student reflection - offers a promising approach for sustainable L2 writing instruction. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtoshiJunko en-aut-sei=Otoshi en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujishimaNaomi en-aut-sei=Fujishima en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Kawasaki Medical School kn-affil= en-keyword=EFL writing kn-keyword=EFL writing en-keyword=AI-assisted tools kn-keyword=AI-assisted tools en-keyword=feedback literacy kn-keyword=feedback literacy en-keyword=ecological environments kn-keyword=ecological environments en-keyword=Write & Improve kn-keyword=Write & Improve END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Phase behaviour of liquid CO2 with an impurity of water: influence of CO2 hydrate en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The solubility of water in liquid CO2 coexisting with CO2 hydrate or liquid water is evaluated in order to investigate the thermodynamic conditions to avoid the formation of CO2 hydrate in the transportation processes of liquid CO2. To this end, theoretical calculations have been carried out to obtain the chemical potentials of water and CO2 in all the phases involved in their coexistence. The solubility of water in liquid CO2 coexisting with liquid water decreases with decreasing temperature over a wide range of temperature and pressure, except for in the vicinity of the critical point of CO2. The decrease in the solubility is further enhanced by the formation of hydrate. We estimate the Gibbs energy of hydrate formation, which is an important property for sequestration of CO2, for cases where the temperature or pressure of water-saturated liquid CO2 decreases. We also estimate the amount of water precipitated as hydrate during these processes, which has a direct bearing on flow assurance in CO2 transportation. The present study will contribute to the development of a low-energy, safe CO2 transport network aiming at achieving large-scale carbon neutrality. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaHideki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoMasakazu en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Masakazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YagasakiTakuma en-aut-sei=Yagasaki en-aut-mei=Takuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiMunetaka en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Munetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriYoshihito en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Yoshihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonoTakumi en-aut-sei=Kono en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Engineering Advancement Association of Japan kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Ochanomizu University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Engineering Advancement Association of Japan kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e110548 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260609 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pathway Enrichment Analysis of Whole-Exome Sequencing Data from Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Enucleated Eyes with Retinoblastoma and Choroidal Malignant Melanoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Objectives: Intraocular tumors are extremely rare, small in size, and difficult to approach by biopsy. In the era of cancer genome analysis, we designed a pilot study to perform whole-exome sequencing of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded enucleated eyes of retinoblastoma and choroidal malignant melanoma as two major intraocular malignancies.
Methodology: Genomic DNA was isolated from intraocular tumor areas of 105 paraffin sections with a 5 μm thickness of seven enucleated eyes with retinoblastoma and seven eyes with choroidal malignant melanoma. One of 7 samples of retinoblastoma and another of seven samples of choroidal malignant melanoma were excluded from the study since the sequencing output and depth of reads were lower compared with the other samples. The sequencing data after quality control were aligned to the reference genome sequence (hg38, GRCh38 Assembly, Genome Reference Consortium Human Build 38), and the mapped reads were processed to improve data quality. Somatic mutations (single nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions, and multiple nucleotide variants) in each sample were extracted after excluding variants reported in a Panel of Normals (PON) from the 1000 Genomes Project. Additional selection criteria included a mutation depth of ?5 reads and either no registration in or an allele frequency of less than 5% in the Tohoku Medical Megabank of Japan (ToMMo 60KJPN-SNV/INDEL Allele Frequency Panel).
Results: Candidate genes with somatic mutations were selected by three criteria: genes with the same mutation shared by two samples or more, recurrently mutated genes three times or over, and genes of driver candidates identified in combining several different driver mutation-detecting programs by Integrative OncoGenomics (IntOGen). Using candidate genes detected by any of the three criteria as input, enrichment analyses identified 28 pathways in Gene Ontology (GO) and 2 pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) for retinoblastoma, while 385 pathways in GO, 12 in KEGG, 2 in the Hallmark gene set of the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB), and 47 in Reactome were identified for choroidal malignant melanoma. The enrichment maps showed three major pathways differently in retinoblastoma and choroidal malignant melanoma: one with dynein in retinoblastoma and another with MET in choroidal malignant melanoma.
Conclusions: Although there were limitations related to the small amounts of DNA available from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded small-sized tissues and the absence of matched normal control tissue, whole-exome sequencing provided clues to somatic mutations that were enriched in specific pathways and differed between retinoblastoma and choroidal malignant melanoma. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakehiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnnishiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ennishi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoAkira en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmemiyaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Amemiya en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamitsujiShigeo en-aut-sei=Kamitsuji en-aut-mei=Shigeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Genomic Statistics, Stagen Co. Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Genomic Statistics, Stagen Co. Ltd. kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Genomic Statistics, Stagen Co. Ltd. kn-affil= en-keyword=choroidal malignant melanoma kn-keyword=choroidal malignant melanoma en-keyword=driver genes (driver mutations) kn-keyword=driver genes (driver mutations) en-keyword=enucleation kn-keyword=enucleation en-keyword=formalin-fixed paraffinembedded (ffpe) kn-keyword=formalin-fixed paraffinembedded (ffpe) en-keyword=integrative oncogenomics kn-keyword=integrative oncogenomics en-keyword=pathway enrichment kn-keyword=pathway enrichment en-keyword=retinoblastoma kn-keyword=retinoblastoma en-keyword=somatic mutation kn-keyword=somatic mutation en-keyword=tohoku medical megabank kn-keyword=tohoku medical megabank en-keyword=whole-exome sequencing kn-keyword=whole-exome sequencing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=223 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=108646 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Reticulate evolution, introgression, and recent diversification in Epimedium sect. Macroceras en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hybridization can hinder or promote diversification, and growing genomic evidence suggests that it can facilitate adaptation and speciation. Despite recent progress, however, the quantitative contribution and temporal scope of hybridization to diversification remain poorly understood. The genus Epimedium is a recently diverged lineage, and sect. Macroceras largely consists of endemic species in Japan that are distributed across diverse environments, including limestone, serpentine, coastal habitats, heavy-snow regions, and regions with mild winters. Although natural hybridization and hybrid species have been reported in this section, molecular evidence demonstrating the contribution of hybridization to lineage diversification is limited. We reconstructed phylogenetic relationships using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from Epimedium sect. Macroceras and tested for genomic signatures consistent with hybridization. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that E. koreanum from Korea is sister to Japanese Epimedium lineages, consistent with an initial colonization of Japan from the Korean Peninsula. The analyses also revealed complex relationships among Japanese species and frequent signals of historical interspecific introgression. Our results are consistent with a history of recent diversification in sect. Macroceras accompanied by introgressive hybridization, which may have contributed to diversification across heterogeneous environments in Japan. This study provides the first genome-wide insights into the evolutionary history of Epimedium sect. Macroceras and reveals complex reticulate relationships among the lineages. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KusatakeEmi en-aut-sei=Kusatake en-aut-mei=Emi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMomoka en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Momoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomokuniShuto en-aut-sei=Tomokuni en-aut-mei=Shuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiYosuke en-aut-sei=Yanagi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KariyamaShungo en-aut-sei=Kariyama en-aut-mei=Shungo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItohTakehito en-aut-sei=Itoh en-aut-mei=Takehito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimSeung-Chul en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=Seung-Chul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MimuraMakiko en-aut-sei=Mimura en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Society of Kurashiki Museum of Natural History kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Biology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Phylogenomics kn-keyword=Phylogenomics en-keyword=Introgression kn-keyword=Introgression en-keyword=Evolutionary radiation kn-keyword=Evolutionary radiation en-keyword=Pleistocene kn-keyword=Pleistocene en-keyword=Ecological divergence kn-keyword=Ecological divergence en-keyword=Reticulate evolution kn-keyword=Reticulate evolution END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=408 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=117978 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A flexible PVDF-based galloping flow sensor en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effective monitoring of low flow velocities in small rivers and irrigation channels is hindered by the power requirements and maintenance costs of existing technologies. This study proposes a novel flexible piezoelectric polymer flow sensor utilizing galloping vibration to detect flow velocity in the low range (? 0.1?m/s). The sensor features a flexible cantilever structure composed of a silicone rubber beam embedded with a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film and a tip pillar. Unlike conventional devices based on flow-induced vibration, the use of low-stiffness materials enables the induction of self-excited vibration even under weak fluid forces. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis has been conducted to optimize the tip shape; a D-shaped semicylinder is selected over a cylinder and a square prism because the geometry maximizes the lift force per unit mass, ensuring efficient energy conversion. To predict sensor behavior, a coupled mechanical-fluid-electrical model was developed. Specifically, the model accounts for the static deflection angle caused by fluid drag. Water channel experiments demonstrated that sensors with beam thicknesses under 4?mm successfully generated stable periodic outputs at 0.1?m/s, a regime previously difficult for galloping-based devices. Conversely, thicker beam which has a thickness of 8?mm achieved higher outputs at higher velocities but failed to actuate at low speeds. Furthermore, the study showed a vibration suppression phenomenon in flexible beams at high flow velocities due to excessive static deflection, which was accurately reproduced by the analytical model. These findings establish structural stiffness as the critical design parameter for optimizing the operable velocity range of flow sensors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroseMitsuki en-aut-sei=Kurose en-aut-mei=Mitsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaTakefumi en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Takefumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYuya en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakimotoShuichi en-aut-sei=Wakimoto en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiejimaShinji en-aut-sei=Hiejima en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaTakeji en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Hydro-VENUS Co., Ltd., Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Flow velocity sensor kn-keyword=Flow velocity sensor en-keyword=Piezoelectric polymer kn-keyword=Piezoelectric polymer en-keyword=Flow induced vibration kn-keyword=Flow induced vibration en-keyword=Galloping vibration kn-keyword=Galloping vibration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=408 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=117938 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tip position estimation of a 3-DOF soft mechanism using artificial muscles with optical fibers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=McKibben-type pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) are lightweight and flexible soft actuators with a high power-to-weight ratio, and have been widely applied to rehabilitation devices, power-assist systems, and soft robotic mechanisms. By integrating sensing functions into PAMs, their usability and controllability can be enhanced, enabling the development of more practical and advanced soft mechanisms. We previously proposed a smart artificial muscle (SAM) by integrating an optical fiber into the braided sleeve of a McKibben-type PAM, which enables displacement estimation by measuring optical bending loss. The SAM is compatible with conventional PAM fabrication processes; however, the sensor output exhibits strong nonlinearity and time dependency. In this study, an LSTM-based state estimation framework is extended from a single SAM to a three-degree-of-freedom soft mechanism composed of multiple SAMs, where strong nonlinear coupling and mutual interference arise among actuators. In the proposed framework, the LSTM model jointly processes time-series data of multi-channel optical sensor outputs and applied pressures of the three SAMs, along with past estimated states as inputs. This structure enables the model to capture nonlinear coupling, hysteresis, and time-dependent behavior, allowing estimation of the tip position of the soft mechanism. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method accurately captures complex nonlinear dynamics and mutual mechanical interference among multiple SAMs, achieving accurate tip position estimation. These results indicate that SAMs with integrated sensing and actuation capabilities, combined with machine-learning-based estimation, provide an effective approach for state estimation of multi-DOF soft robotic mechanisms. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkadaRikimaru en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Rikimaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakimotoShuichi en-aut-sei=Wakimoto en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TodaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Toda en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraShun en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Shun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaTakefumi en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Takefumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Pneumatic artificial muscle kn-keyword=Pneumatic artificial muscle en-keyword=Smart artificial muscle kn-keyword=Smart artificial muscle en-keyword=Soft mechanism kn-keyword=Soft mechanism en-keyword=State estimation kn-keyword=State estimation en-keyword=Long short-term memory kn-keyword=Long short-term memory END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=26007 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Understory Vegetation Structure in Remnant Natural Forests and Acacia Plantations on Coastal Sand Dunes in North Central Vietnam en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the coastal sand dune forests of North Central Vietnam, vegetation has been seriously damaged by war and overexploitation. To recover ecosystem functions, including sand stabilisation under harsh environments, exotic species like Acacia spp. have been planted as a monoculture. However, the long-term sustainability of this practice remains unclear. To assess the long-term effectiveness of revegetation with Acacia spp., this study aims to understand the differences and similarities in ecological characteristics of remnant natural forests and Acacia plantations on the coastal sand dune of North Central Vietnam by comparing understory vegetation structure and environmental conditions. We investigated the understory vegetation (height < 130 cm) in a total of 54 quadrants (1 m × 1 m), including nine natural forests and nine Acacia plantations. We compared diversity indices by mixed ANOVA and examined the differences in the understory vegetation structure between the two forest types through PERMANOVA. We also determined some abiotic environmental factors (e.g. light and soil water availability, and soil pH). We identified 951 individuals, with 792 found in natural forests and 159 in plantations. The species found in natural forests were well-distributed among Liana phanerophytes (Lp), Microphanerophytes (Mi), Mega-Mesophanerophytes (MM), and Cryptophytes (Cr). In contrast, species found in plantations were predominantly Cr, Hemicryptophytes (Hm), and MM. All diversity indices were significantly higher in natural forests (P < 0.05), and the NMDS analysis confirmed significant differences in the understory vegetation structure between natural forests and plantations. Only soil pH was significantly lower in natural forests (P < 0.05), while none of the environmental factors had a statistically significant impact on the variations in understory vegetation structure. Our results indicate that succession by native tree species does not seem to occur naturally in Acacia plantations. Hence, to restore and sustainably develop coastal sand dune forests in North Central Vietnam, it is essential to establish a scientifically based strategy for managing and protecting the remaining natural remnant forest areas. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DoanTuan Quoc en-aut-sei=Doan en-aut-mei=Tuan Quoc kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoTetsuya K. en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DinhTai Tien en-aut-sei=Dinh en-aut-mei=Tai Tien kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LeHung Thai en-aut-sei=Le en-aut-mei=Hung Thai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoTuan Ngoc Anh en-aut-sei=Ho en-aut-mei=Tuan Ngoc Anh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikiNaoko H. en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Naoko H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoHoang Thai Dac en-aut-sei=Ho en-aut-mei=Hoang Thai Dac kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirobeMuneto en-aut-sei=Hirobe en-aut-mei=Muneto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Ibaraki University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Hue Union of Science and Technology Associations (HUSTA) kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Hue University, University of Agriculture and Forestry kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Hue Union of Science and Technology Associations (HUSTA) kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Hue Union of Science and Technology Associations (HUSTA) kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology kn-affil= en-keyword=natural forest kn-keyword=natural forest en-keyword=Acacia plantation kn-keyword=Acacia plantation en-keyword=coastal sand dunes forest kn-keyword=coastal sand dunes forest en-keyword=diversity kn-keyword=diversity en-keyword=understory vegetation kn-keyword=understory vegetation en-keyword=life forms kn-keyword=life forms en-keyword=environmental factor kn-keyword=environmental factor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uniqueness of Dirichlet forms for random point fields in the absence of tail triviality en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We consider an infinite system of interacting Brownian motions that preserves a given random point field invariant. Such dynamics are constructed using Dirichlet form theory, which naturally leads to two Dirichlet forms for the random point field: the upper and the lower Dirichlet forms. A fundamental question is the uniqueness of the Dirichlet form: that is, whether these two forms coincide. This uniqueness has often been imposed as a key assumption in the Dirichlet form approach to the stochastic analysis for infinite particle systems. A sufficient condition for the uniqueness of the Dirichlet forms is known when the random point field is tail trivial. However, tail triviality has been established for only a limited class of random point fields. In this paper, we prove the uniqueness of the Dirichlet form without assuming tail triviality. The main contribution of this work is to establish the tail preserving property, which asserts that global properties of the system, such as particle density, are preserved under time evolution. As a consequence, our results also imply the strong uniqueness of solutions to the associated infinite-dimensional stochastic differential equations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawamotoYosuke en-aut-sei=Kawamoto en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama university kn-affil= en-keyword=Infinite particle systems kn-keyword=Infinite particle systems en-keyword=Interacting Brownian motions kn-keyword=Interacting Brownian motions en-keyword=Uniqueness of Dirichlet forms kn-keyword=Uniqueness of Dirichlet forms en-keyword=Random matrices kn-keyword=Random matrices END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=94 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260530 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Three-dimensional virtual planning reduces operative time in orthognathic surgery: a procedure-specific retrospective study incorporating additive manufacturing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose Three-dimensional virtual surgical planning (3D-VSP) is increasingly used in orthognathic surgery; however, procedure-specific evidence regarding its real-world impact on operative efficiency and intraoperative blood loss remains limited. This study evaluated the association between 3D-VSP implementation and operative time, and intraoperative blood loss across different orthognathic procedures.
Methods This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients who underwent orthognathic surgery at a single academic institution before (2019?2020) and after (2023?2024) the full implementation of 3D-VSP integrated with in-house additive manufacturing (n?=?344). Procedure-specific multivariable linear regression analyses were performed, adjusting for age, sex, and surgeon experience.
Results After 3D-VSP implementation, operative time was reduced by approximately 36 min in sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO), 50 min in Le Fort I (LF1) combined with SSRO, and 42 min in segmental LF1 combined with SSRO, representing a 15?20% reduction in total operative time. No meaningful reduction was observed in intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO)-based procedures. A statistically significant, but modest, reduction in intraoperative blood loss was observed only in SSRO. The time-saving effect was independent of surgeon experience.
Conclusion The clinical benefit of 3D-VSP in orthognathic surgery is procedure-dependent and most evident in geometrically complex SSRO-based operations. These findings support the targeted implementation of digital planning and additive manufacturing workflows to improve operative efficiency in routine practice. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KunisadaYuki en-aut-sei=Kunisada en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaNorie en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Norie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuiMasanori en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadoyaKoichi en-aut-sei=Kadoya en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakakuraHiroaki en-aut-sei=Takakura en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObataKyoichi en-aut-sei=Obata en-aut-mei=Kyoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoKisho en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Kisho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmemoriKoki en-aut-sei=Umemori en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Orthognathic surgery kn-keyword=Orthognathic surgery en-keyword=Surgical planning kn-keyword=Surgical planning en-keyword=Three-dimensional virtual surgical planning kn-keyword=Three-dimensional virtual surgical planning en-keyword=Operative time kn-keyword=Operative time en-keyword=Intraoperative blood loss kn-keyword=Intraoperative blood loss en-keyword=Additive manufacturing kn-keyword=Additive manufacturing en-keyword=Sagittal split ramus osteotomy kn-keyword=Sagittal split ramus osteotomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=105 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=255 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260420 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=HLA-matched versus haploidentical donor transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide: a study on behalf of the donor/source working group of the Japanese society for transplantation and cellular therapy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is now being increasingly applied to HLA-matched donor (MD) transplantation. Prior studies in Western countries have demonstrated that allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) employing PTCy yields better outcomes with HLA-matched donors (MDs) than with haploidentical donors (HIDs). However, the effect of HLA mismatch may differ among racial groups. We retrospectively analyzed adult patients with hematological malignancies who underwent their first allo-HCT with PTCy from MDs or HIDs registered to the Japanese registry database between 2013 and 2021. Among 63 (related, n?=?33; unrelated, n?=?30) and 1261 patients who received MD and HID allo-HCT with PTCy, 50 (related, n?=?30; unrelated, n?=?20) and 100 patients were assigned to MD and HID groups by 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM). The results showed that MD recipients had better neutrophil recovery (hazard ratio [HR], 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04?2.10; P?=?0.031) and lower risk of non-relapse mortality (NRM) (HR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.05?0.81; P?=?0.024) than HID recipients. Multivariable analyses in the entire cohort before PSM confirmed these findings. Fatal infection was the primary cause of NRM in the HID group. This study is the first to demonstrate that, within a homogeneous Asian cohort, MD may have an advantage over HID in PTCy-based allo-HCT in facilitating neutrophil engraftment and reducing the risk of NRM. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakayaYosuke en-aut-sei=Nakaya en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamaeHirohisa en-aut-sei=Nakamae en-aut-mei=Hirohisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugitaJunichi en-aut-sei=Sugita en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaJunya en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaYuta en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EtoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Eto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuritaNaoki en-aut-sei=Kurita en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramotoNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Hiramoto en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagafujiKoji en-aut-sei=Nagafuji en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaShuichi en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakitaToshiro en-aut-sei=Kawakita en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkasakaTakashi en-aut-sei=Akasaka en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriYasuo en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamimuraTomohiko en-aut-sei=Kamimura en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnizukaMakoto en-aut-sei=Onizuka en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsutaYoshiko en-aut-sei=Atsuta en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakasoneHideki en-aut-sei=Nakasone en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hamanomachi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, University of Tsukuba Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University HospitalDepartment of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Hematology, NHO Kumamoto Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Tenri Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Hematology, Oncology & Cardiovascular medicine, Kyushu University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Harasanshin Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Post-transplant cyclophosphamide kn-keyword=Post-transplant cyclophosphamide en-keyword=Matched donor kn-keyword=Matched donor en-keyword=Haploidentical donor kn-keyword=Haploidentical donor en-keyword=Graft-versus-host disease kn-keyword=Graft-versus-host disease en-keyword=Hematological malignancies. kn-keyword=Hematological malignancies. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=105 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=244 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260414 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Donor selection for patients with HLA-homozygous haplotypes in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=HLA homozygous haplotypes occur worldwide, but outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using alternative donor sources remain uncertain. We retrospectively analyzed the Japanese national transplantation registry to compare outcomes after first allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with HLA homozygous haplotypes. Donors were classified as homo-to-homo, defined as HLA-matched, or hetero-to-homo, defined as allele-level mismatches at HLA-A, -B, -C, and/or -DRB1 restricted to the host-versus-graft direction. The unrelated donor homo-to-homo group served as the reference. We included 691 patients: related donor homo-to-homo (n?=?121), related donor hetero-to-homo (n?=?76), unrelated donor homo-to-homo (n?=?374), unrelated donor hetero-to-homo (n?=?22), cord blood homo-to-homo (n?=?40), and cord blood hetero-to-homo (n?=?58). Compared with the unrelated donor homo-to-homo group, overall survival was inferior in the cord blood homo-to-homo group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11?2.64; P?=?0.015), whereas the unrelated donor hetero-to-homo group showed a nonsignificant trend toward inferior overall survival (adjusted HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 0.97?3.22; P?=?0.061). In this Japanese cohort, cord blood homo-to-homo transplantation was associated with inferior overall survival, whereas related donor hetero-to-homo and cord blood hetero-to-homo transplantation were not. These findings should be interpreted cautiously given the retrospective design and long study period, and require validation in contemporary, ethnically diverse cohorts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshinagaNoriyoshi en-aut-sei=Yoshinaga en-aut-mei=Noriyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasakiMakoto en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKoji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraFumihiko en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Fumihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirayamaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Hirayama en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanayaMinoru en-aut-sei=Kanaya en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorishimaSatoko en-aut-sei=Morishima en-aut-mei=Satoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=DokiNoriko en-aut-sei=Doki en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukudaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaYuta en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakoShinichi en-aut-sei=Kako en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMasatsugu en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Masatsugu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurokawaMineo en-aut-sei=Kurokawa en-aut-mei=Mineo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsadaNoboru en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakitaToshiro en-aut-sei=Kawakita en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoYukio en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImadaKazunori en-aut-sei=Imada en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoheTatsuo en-aut-sei=Ichinohe en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnizukaMakoto en-aut-sei=Onizuka en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsutaYoshiko en-aut-sei=Atsuta en-aut-mei=Yoshiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=KandaJunya en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Junya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Blood Disorders Center, Aiiku Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Central Japan Cord Blood Bank kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Toranomon Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Cell Therapy and Transplantation Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Hematology, NHO Kumamoto Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Osaka Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Hematology/Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University kn-affil= en-keyword=HLA-homozygous haplotypes kn-keyword=HLA-homozygous haplotypes en-keyword=Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation kn-keyword=Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation en-keyword=Donor source kn-keyword=Donor source en-keyword=Host-versus-graft direction mismatch kn-keyword=Host-versus-graft direction mismatch END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=3367 end-page=3375 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photoinduced sulfanyloximation of styrenes using N-nitrosamines and thiols en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Molecules featuring both sulfur and nitrogen atoms are privileged scaffolds in medicinal chemistry and biological systems. However, methods for the direct and regioselective installation of these heteroatoms onto alkenes remain limited. Herein, we report a visible-light-induced, three-component sulfanyloximation of styrenes utilizing thiols and N-nitrosamine as a bench-stable nitrogen oxide (NO) surrogate. This regioselective protocol operates under mild conditions with remarkable functional group tolerance. The synthetic utility of this methodology is further demonstrated by its extension to the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indoles and the divergent downstream derivatization of α-sulfanyl ketoxime products via imidoyl fluoride intermediates. An extensive mechanistic investigation supports a pathway initiated by thiyl radical addition to alkenes followed by radical coupling with in situ generated NO. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamazakiKen en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraToshiki en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Toshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkimotoShuta en-aut-sei=Akimoto en-aut-mei=Shuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraTomoya en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2026 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Case of Peripheral Odontogenic Myxofibroma Arising in the Palatal Gingiva of the Maxillary Second Premolar Region: A Case Report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Odontogenic myxofibroma (OMF) is a rare benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumor characterized by myxoid stroma with a prominent fibrous component. Although it usually arises intraosseously within the jaws, the peripheral variant, peripheral odontogenic myxofibroma (POMF), which occurs in extraosseous soft tissues, is uncommon and may be clinically misdiagnosed as a reactive gingival lesion. We report a case of POMF in a 68-year-old man who was referred for evaluation of a painless, slowly enlarging swelling of the palatal gingiva in the left maxillary second premolar region, which had initially been diagnosed as chronic periodontitis at a local clinic. An intraoral examination revealed an elastic, firm mass with partial erythema on the palatal marginal gingiva. Panoramic radiography showed mild generalized horizontal bone loss without lesion-specific changes, and computed tomography revealed no bone resorption associated with the lesion. Exfoliative cytology was negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy. The lesion was excised with a 5-mm clinical margin, including periosteum, and superficial peripheral ostectomy of the adjacent cortical bone was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a myxoid stroma rich in mucinous matrix and collagen fibers, containing sparsely distributed spindle-shaped cells and scattered nests of odontogenic epithelium. Alcian blue staining revealed diffuse positivity, supporting the diagnosis of POMF. No recurrence was observed during a 2-year follow-up period. This case highlights a diagnostic pitfall in the tooth-bearing gingiva and underscores the importance of histopathological confirmation of persistent gingival masses. When imaging shows no apparent bone involvement, and clinical suspicion of malignancy is low, complete excision with an adequate soft-tissue margin and selective, limited bone removal may achieve local control while preserving the adjacent teeth; long-term follow-up remains advisable. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasuiMasanori en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YutoriHirokazu en-aut-sei=Yutori en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimuraAi en-aut-sei=Fujimura en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Faculty of Medicine , Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Faculty of Medicine , Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=case report kn-keyword=case report en-keyword=excisional biopsy kn-keyword=excisional biopsy en-keyword=palatal gingiva kn-keyword=palatal gingiva en-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxofibroma kn-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxofibroma en-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxoma kn-keyword=peripheral odontogenic myxoma END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e0350803 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A multicenter, randomized, parallel-group confirmatory study protocol to evaluate the efficacy of Soft Protector CPC, a novel oral mucosal protectant, in preventing oral mucositis and alleviating pain in patients with breast cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Oral mucositis is a frequent and debilitating adverse event observed in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Current management strategies are limited in duration, require frequent application, and fail to address the mechanical irritation from teeth. A novel device, Soft Protector CPC, was developed to overcome these limitations. This multicenter, randomized, two-arm, open-label, confirmatory trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Soft Protector CPC in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. A total of 154 participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either oral care with Soft Protector CPC or oral care alone. The primary endpoint will be oral mucositis as assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0 during the comparative treatment period. The secondary endpoints will include CTCAE v3.0 during the continuous treatment period, oral mucositis, pain (CTCAE v5.0), quality of life (Patient Reported Outcomes-CTCAE version 1.0 [PRO-CTCAE v1.0], the 15-item oral health questionnaire of the European Organization For Research And Treatment Of Cancer [EORTC QLQ-OH15], and the pain Numeric Rating Scale), onset and site of mucositis, completion of chemotherapy, use of rescue medications, technical feasibility, and patient preference. The safety endpoints will include adverse events, device malfunction, and laboratory tests. This trial is expected to establish the clinical utility of the Soft Protector CPC for the prevention and management of oral mucositis, with the potential to improve the patients’ quality of life and adherence to cancer therapy. This study was approved by the Clinical Research Review Board and registered with the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs062250005, on April 18, 2025. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OmoriKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Omori en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurukawaKohei en-aut-sei=Furukawa en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UsubuchiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Usubuchi en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamadaTomofumi en-aut-sei=Hamada en-aut-mei=Tomofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienTadahiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaMichihiro en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Michihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakatsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Nakatsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Hotta en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakashibaShogo en-aut-sei=Takashiba en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Dentistry, Miyagi Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Sagara Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260506 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Proposing an alternative direction for the development of research: a complementary perspective on Schoenfeld’s approach to generality en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical framework that suggests directions for future research. While Schoenfeld’s three-axis heuristic framework is well known for this purpose, it primarily points toward increasing generality. Drawing on prior studies on the generalizability of empirical findings in educational research, this paper argues that an alternative research path is possible. Building on the distinction between prevalence and scope, it proposes two types of generality: the generality of a phenomenon within a specified scope and the generality of a theory. Correspondingly, it identifies two directions for research development: delimitation of the scope and generalization of a theory. Finally, the paper argues that research development based on this framework can be understood as progressive in the Lakatosian sense. While Schoenfeld’s framework suggests directions for individual studies, this framework guides competing research programmes by enabling both to progress through scope delimitation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UegataniYusuke en-aut-sei=Uegatani en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshibashiIppo en-aut-sei=Ishibashi en-aut-mei=Ippo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Hiroshima University High School kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Schoenfeld’s heuristic framework for situating research studies kn-keyword=Schoenfeld’s heuristic framework for situating research studies en-keyword=prevalence kn-keyword=prevalence en-keyword=generality kn-keyword=generality en-keyword=scope kn-keyword=scope en-keyword=delimitation of scope kn-keyword=delimitation of scope END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=3003 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260221 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photooxidative Copper(II) Catalysis for Promoting anti-Markovnikov Hydration of Alkenes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Photoredox catalysis enables the generation of radical intermediates under mild conditions, yet photoredox catalysts have heavily relied on precious transition metal complexes. Therefore, the development of photocatalysts based on earth-abundant metals is increasingly demanded. Here, we report a highly photooxidative capability of a heteroleptic copper(II) complex for promoting anti-Markovnikov hydration of alkenes. The copper(II) complex containing bathophenanthroline and 3,4-dimethoxybenzenethiolate ligands is generated in situ from copper(II) chloride dihydrate. Upon visible-light irradiation, the copper(II) complex is photoexcited and exhibits an excited-state lifetime sufficiently long to oxidize various alkenes, including aliphatic substrates. Consequently, anti-Markovnikov hydration can be achieved under mild conditions, and the late-stage functionalization of natural products and pharmaceutical derivatives is also feasible. The developed catalytic system can be extended for photooxidative reactions of alkenes, such as intramolecular cyclization reactions and anti-Markovnikov addition of nucleophiles other than water. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkuNaoki en-aut-sei=Oku en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukeKeito en-aut-sei=Fuke en-aut-mei=Keito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuiRikako en-aut-sei=Masui en-aut-mei=Rikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiKen en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiYasunori en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraTomoya en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260521 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Juniperus sabina coverage on plant community structure in semiarid areas of China en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Plant interactions are one of the fundamental processes shaping the structure and function of plant communities and help create species diversity. Species diversity affects the current functioning of ecosystems and their resistance and resilience to future climate change. In harsh environments such as drylands, positive plant?plant interactions are important in promoting species diversity. Juniperus sabina is an evergreen shrub that is native to the semiarid areas of northern China. Because J. sabina can modify some harsh environmental conditions in its role as a nurse plant, it is expected to facilitate species diversity, although it may exhibit allelopathic inhibition. Previous research has only examined effects of J. sabina coverage onα-diversity in a single-year, and its effects on the β-diversity of the plant community structure in the local ecosystem are still unclear. We compared environmental conditions and plant species composition inside and outside of 11 J. sabina patches to evaluate the effects of its coverage on the species diversity of the understory community structure through modifying microhabitat conditions. Water and nutrient conditions were higher inside the patches, whereas light conditions were higher outside. More perennial herbs and C3 plants were found inside and more annual herbs and C4 plants were found outside. There were different trends in α-diversity each year, while β-diversity was consistently greater inside the patches. This research suggests that the coverage of J. sabina can drive different community structures by providing heterogeneous environmental conditions, and would increase plant species diversity in the local ecosystem. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=QinLong en-aut-sei=Qin en-aut-mei=Long kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamabayashiAyaka en-aut-sei=Yamabayashi en-aut-mei=Ayaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoTetsuya K. en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangGuosheng en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Guosheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaNorikazu en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Norikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirobeMuneto en-aut-sei=Hirobe en-aut-mei=Muneto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikiNaoko H. en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Naoko H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=College of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Nurse plant kn-keyword=Nurse plant en-keyword=Plant species diversity kn-keyword=Plant species diversity en-keyword=Plant species coexistence kn-keyword=Plant species coexistence en-keyword=Plant?plant interactions kn-keyword=Plant?plant interactions en-keyword=Mu Us sandy land kn-keyword=Mu Us sandy land END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=530 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260428 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photosynthetic Response of Larix gmelinii var. japonica Saplings After Exogenous Glutathione Foliar Application en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sapling survival and growth depend on photosynthetic assimilates. Therefore, improving physiological performance during early stages may enhance subsequent performance and nursery production. This study evaluated whether exogenous oxidized glutathione (GSSG), reported to enhance photosynthesis, improves the photosynthetic, physiological, and growth-related traits of Larix gmelinii var. japonica saplings. Sixteen saplings were assigned to four treatments: GSSG, 5-aminolevulinic acid, Hyponex, and a water control. Photosynthetic, nitrogen-related, and growth traits were measured before treatment and at 3, 6, 13, and 31 days after treatment, and biomass was assessed after three months. The GSSG treatment showed no difference in the net CO2 assimilation rate (Amax) compared with the control, but exhibited a significantly earlier peak at 6 days than the other treatments. This response was supported by the stability of GSSG-treated saplings against photoinhibition (Fv/Fm) and a tendency toward greater resilience to midday light stress (ΦPSII). Enhanced photosynthetic performance was associated with reduced carbon and nitrogen fluctuations and was accompanied by numerically greater root and stem biomass in the 2024 terminal shoots. Although fertilization effects were generally weak and transient, GSSG elicited notable responses, suggesting that the immediate enhancement of photosynthesis underlies its impact. However, its antioxidant properties under stressful conditions warrant further investigation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=RahayuResa Sri en-aut-sei=Rahayu en-aut-mei=Resa Sri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizukaWataru en-aut-sei=Ishizuka en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaritaAyu en-aut-sei=Narita en-aut-mei=Ayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyataRie en-aut-sei=Miyata en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikiNaoko H. en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Naoko H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonHirokazu en-aut-sei=Kon en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiYuko en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil= Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil= Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=exogenous glutathione kn-keyword=exogenous glutathione en-keyword=foliar fertilizer kn-keyword=foliar fertilizer en-keyword=Larix gmelinii var. japonica kn-keyword=Larix gmelinii var. japonica en-keyword=photosystem II quantum yield kn-keyword=photosystem II quantum yield en-keyword=photosynthetic rate kn-keyword=photosynthetic rate END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=181 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hypernatremia during the first week of life in very preterm infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3 to 4 years of age: a cohort study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Hypernatremia is a common electrolyte disorder in both term and preterm infants. Previous studies have suggested a correlation between hypernatremia and short-term complications in preterm infants, such as intraventricular hemorrhage and chronic lung disease. However, the relationship between hypernatremia and neurodevelopmental outcomes is less well understood. This study aimed to assess the association between hypernatremia during the first week of life and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3?4 years of age in very preterm infants.
Methods This single-center, retrospective cohort study analyzed data from preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestation between 2010 and 2020. Infants with peak whole blood sodium levels?>?145 mEq/L during the first week of life were included in the hypernatremia group and those with ??145 mEq/L in the non-hypernatremia group. The primary outcome was neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 3?4 years of age, defined as developmental impairment (developmental quotient? Results Of 272 infants with neurodevelopmental data, 82 and 190 infants were in the hypernatremia and non-hypernatremia groups, respectively. The median (interquartile range) gestational age and birth weight were 26.4 (25.1?28.0) and 28.7 (26.6?30.3) weeks and 860 (670?1062) and 997 (778?1264) g for infants in the hypernatremia and non-hypernatremia groups, respectively. Infants in the hypernatremia group had a greater incidence of NDI (29.3% vs. 14.7%, adjusted risk ratio [RR] 1.75, 95% CI 1.08?2.84) and cerebral palsy (8.5% vs. 1.6%, adjusted RR 5.5, 95% CI 1.72?17.63) than those in the non-hypernatremia group.
Conclusions Hypernatremia during the first week of life was associated with an increased risk of NDI at 3?4 years of age in very preterm infants. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiMichiko en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamaiKei en-aut-sei=Tamai en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiAkihito en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraMakoto en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KageyamaMisao en-aut-sei=Kageyama en-aut-mei=Misao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Hypernatremia kn-keyword=Hypernatremia en-keyword=Development kn-keyword=Development en-keyword=Very preterm kn-keyword=Very preterm en-keyword=Cerebral palsy kn-keyword=Cerebral palsy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=e70582 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260528 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Risk Factors for Waiting List Mortality in Lung Transplant Candidates With Post‐Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Non‐Infectious Pulmonary Complications en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Late-onset non-infectious pulmonary complications (LONIPCs) following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are a known indication for need of lung transplantation. This study aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of patients with LONIPCs after HSCT who were registered for lung transplantation and reveal the risk factors for waiting list mortality.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients with LONIPCs after allogeneic HSCT who were referred to Okayama University Hospital and registered in the Japan Organ Transplant Network for deceased-donor lung transplantation between 2005 and 2023. Pediatric patients aged <18 years at the time of registration were excluded.
Results: Thirty-four patients were included in this study. Notably, two distinct phenotypic groups were identified: One with a bronchiolitis obliterans pattern on high-resolution computed tomography and a mixed ventilatory defect, and the other with a pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis pattern and a restrictive ventilatory defect. The median waiting duration for a deceased-donor lung transplant was 662 days, and 16 patients died during the waiting period. The cumulative incidence of waiting list mortality was 20.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.9%?35.6%) at 1 year and 46.1% (95% CI, 27.8%?62.7%) at 3 years. A history of pneumothorax, greater dyspnea on exertion, and higher serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 levels were associated with an increased risk of waiting list mortality.
Conclusion: In patients with LONIPCs after HSCT, a history of pneumothorax may be a marker of a poor prognosis and could serve as a criterion for referral of lung transplantation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HigoHisao en-aut-sei=Higo en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SenooSatoru en-aut-sei=Senoo en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoSatoko en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Satoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoTomohiro en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoTakumi en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHaruchika en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Haruchika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaShin en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiKentaroh en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Kentaroh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaharaNobuaki en-aut-sei=Miyahara en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=hematopoietic stem cell transplantation kn-keyword=hematopoietic stem cell transplantation en-keyword=late-onset non-infectious pulmonary complications kn-keyword=late-onset non-infectious pulmonary complications en-keyword=lung transplantation kn-keyword=lung transplantation en-keyword=pneumothorax kn-keyword=pneumothorax END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=017803 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20251126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Pressure calibrations of high-pressure large-volume presses at HPSTAR en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Large-volume presses (LVPs) are widely utilized in diverse research fields?including high-pressure physics, chemistry, materials science, and Earth and planetary sciences?to investigate the physical and chemical properties of materials under extreme high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. A prerequisite for achieving reproducible property measurements is the determination and control of pressure within experimental setups. However, the lack of precise pressure calibration in LVPs hinders the broader application of such devices in ultrahigh-pressure studies. This study employs a suite of standard phase transition-based pressure markers?comprising metallic conductors, semiconductors, and minerals?through both in situ and ex situ identification approaches, to establish pressure calibration curves ranging from 0.4 to >30 GPa for various types of LVP installed at the Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Beijing, including piston?cylinder, cubic, and multi-anvil presses. The results provide a unified and traceable pressure reference for high-pressure experiments conducted at HPSTAR, while also offering technical guidance and calibration standards for other researchers utilizing similar LVP systems, thereby enabling more consistent comparison between different laboratories. This work facilitates the advancement of LVP research toward broader applications in higher-pressure regimes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=XuYongjiang en-aut-sei=Xu en-aut-mei=Yongjiang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WuPeiyan en-aut-sei=Wu en-aut-mei=Peiyan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShangSheng en-aut-sei=Shang en-aut-mei=Sheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangXue en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Xue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiTaihang en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Taihang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=GaoShuchang en-aut-sei=Gao en-aut-mei=Shuchang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=LvShijie en-aut-sei=Lv en-aut-mei=Shijie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChengHang en-aut-sei=Cheng en-aut-mei=Hang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=XuQianzhi en-aut-sei=Xu en-aut-mei=Qianzhi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=LeiShang en-aut-sei=Lei en-aut-mei=Shang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FengJiajia en-aut-sei=Feng en-aut-mei=Jiajia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhaoLei en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Lei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=van WestrenenWim en-aut-sei=van Westrenen en-aut-mei=Wim kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenBin en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Bin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuLei en-aut-sei=Su en-aut-mei=Lei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=DingYang en-aut-sei=Ding en-aut-mei=Yang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=YangWenge en-aut-sei=Yang en-aut-mei=Wenge kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaoHo-Kwang en-aut-sei=Mao en-aut-mei=Ho-Kwang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=LinYanhao en-aut-sei=Lin en-aut-mei=Yanhao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260526 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimizing low-dose rituximab protocol for ABO-mismatched kidney transplantation: long-term outcomes in a single-center retrospective cohort study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background ABO-mismatched kidney transplantation (KTx) expands donor availability but increases risks of antibody-mediated rejection and passenger lymphocyte syndrome (PLS). While rituximab (Rit) potentially mitigates these complications, conventional high-dose regimens (375 mg/m2) elevate infectious and hematologic toxicity. We implemented low-dose Rit induction (200 mg/body) for desensitization in minor/major ABO-mismatched and DSA-positive KTx, evaluating its efficacy and safety over 15-years.
Methods This single-center retrospective cohort (May 2009?April 2024) analyzed 161 adult KTx recipients: Rit (n?=?107) and Non-Rit (n?=?54) groups. All received tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisolone, and basiliximab; high-risk patients also underwent plasmapheresis. Outcomes included graft survival, biopsy-proven acute rejection, de novo donor-specific antibody (DSA) formation, infection, severe neutropenia, and PLS.
Results 1-year graft survival was 100% in both groups. 5-year death-censored graft survival was 95.8% (Rit) vs 95.9% (Non-Rit), respectively (log-rank P?=?0.43). Biopsy-proven acute rejection (7.5% vs 3.7%, P?=?0.50) and de novo DSA production were equivalent (Class I: 5.5% vs 2.2%; Class II: 6.6% vs 8.7%; both P?=?1.00), with lower mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) in the Rit group. Cytomegalovirus disease, urinary tract infection and fungal infection rates were comparable between both groups. Grade 4 neutropenia was not associated with Rit (OR 2.65; 95% CI 0.63?11.0; P?=?0.18). Blood transfusion for hemoglobin declines occurred in 5.6% vs 7.4%, with preserved haptoglobin in all cases, indicating no PLS.
Conclusions Low-dose Rit induction achieves excellent graft survival and effective PLS prevention, without increasing toxicity, supporting its adoption as an optimal desensitization strategy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamanoiTomoaki en-aut-sei=Yamanoi en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekitoTakanori en-aut-sei=Sekito en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokunagaMoto en-aut-sei=Tokunaga en-aut-mei=Moto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuboiIchiro en-aut-sei=Tsuboi en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinagaKasumi en-aut-sei=Yoshinaga en-aut-mei=Kasumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaYuki en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawadaTatsushi en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Tatsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaRisa en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Risa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TominagaYusuke en-aut-sei=Tominaga en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadahiraTakuya en-aut-sei=Sadahira en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataTakehiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraShingo en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=BekkuKensuke en-aut-sei=Bekku en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnishiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Onishi en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiHidemi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Hidemi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorinagaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morinaga en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, NHO Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Kidney transplantation kn-keyword=Kidney transplantation en-keyword=ABO-mismatch kn-keyword=ABO-mismatch en-keyword=Low-dose rituximab kn-keyword=Low-dose rituximab en-keyword=Graft survival kn-keyword=Graft survival en-keyword=Passenger lymphocyte syndrome kn-keyword=Passenger lymphocyte syndrome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=e2025GL121007 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spin Transition of Fe3+ in δ-(Al,Fe)OOH and Implication for Mid-Lower Mantle Seismic Heterogeneities en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=δ-(Al,Fe)OOH is an important water carrier and plays a critical role on Earth's deep water cycle. Lattice parameters of δ-(Al0.89Fe0.11)OOH were measured by synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction at simultaneously high temperature and pressure up to 65 GPa and 800 K in diamond anvil cells. The results reveal that the spin crossover increases from 30 to 37 GPa at 300 K to 36?48 GPa at 700 K. Moreover, at the spin crossover, the KT and VΦ of δ-(Al0.89Fe0.11)OOH occur significant elastic softening, with maximum reductions of 50% on KT and 29% on VΦ at 33 GPa and 300 K to 37% on KT and 23% on VΦ at 41 GPa and 700 K. The anomalous elastic properties of δ-(Al,Fe)OOH at the spin crossover enhance our understanding of local seismic observations anomalies and help identify potential water-rich regions in the mid-lower mantle. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhaoChaoshuai en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Chaoshuai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaoZhu en-aut-sei=Mao en-aut-mei=Zhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangXinyue en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Xinyue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuYingxin en-aut-sei=Yu en-aut-mei=Yingxin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunNingyu en-aut-sei=Sun en-aut-mei=Ningyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangJianbo en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Jianbo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangYuzhu en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Yuzhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=spin transition kn-keyword=spin transition en-keyword=δ-(Al,Fe)OOH kn-keyword=δ-(Al,Fe)OOH en-keyword=seismic heterogeneities kn-keyword=seismic heterogeneities en-keyword=deep water cycle kn-keyword=deep water cycle en-keyword=high temperature and high pressure kn-keyword=high temperature and high pressure END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e2025GL118991 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Sound Velocities of FeO‐Bearing Ringwoodite and Majorite: Implication for Martian Mantle Seismic Profiles en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Compressional and shear wave velocities (Vp, Vs) of candidate Martian deep-mantle minerals, FeO-rich ringwoodite ((Mg0.66Fe0.34)2SiO4) and majorite (Mg0.75Fe0.10Al0.26Ca0.07Si0.84O3), were measured up to 25 GPa and 700 K using Brillouin light scattering coupled with externally-heated diamond anvil cells. Thermoelastic modeling of our results and literature data along a representative areotherm showed that Vp and Vs of FeO-bearing ringwoodite are approximately 7.5% and 11.0% higher than that of the majorite. Our results reveal that velocity profiles of these Martian deep-mantle minerals are more sensitive to variations in the ringwoodite/majorite (Mg/Si) ratio than to thermal and FeO chemical perturbations. Our best-fit velocity model to a recent seismic model by Samuel et al. (2023, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06601-8) indicates the Martian mantle contains approximately 67 vol.% ringwoodite and 33 vol.% majorite, suggesting a ringwoodite-rich aggregate in the Martian lowermost solid mantle. The ringwoodite-majorite mantle likely co-evolved with the FeO and other incompatible elements in the molten silicate layer above the Martian core-mantle boundary. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LiLuo en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Luo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RyuYoung Jay en-aut-sei=Ryu en-aut-mei=Young Jay kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangDongzhou en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Dongzhou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=CharitonStella en-aut-sei=Chariton en-aut-mei=Stella kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=PrakapenkaVitali B. en-aut-sei=Prakapenka en-aut-mei=Vitali B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=LinJung‐Fu en-aut-sei=Lin en-aut-mei=Jung‐Fu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=GeoSoilEnviroCARS, University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=GeoSoilEnviroCARS, University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=GeoSoilEnviroCARS, University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=GeoSoilEnviroCARS, University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin kn-affil= en-keyword=sound velocity kn-keyword=sound velocity en-keyword=ringwoodite kn-keyword=ringwoodite en-keyword=majorite kn-keyword=majorite en-keyword=Martian mantle kn-keyword=Martian mantle en-keyword=FeO-rich kn-keyword=FeO-rich END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=e2025GL118147 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260113 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Davemaoite Elasticity Reveals Slab‐Induced Heterogeneity in the Mantle Transition Zone en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The observed 2%?7% low-shear velocity (VS) anomalies near the subducted slab at the bottom mantle transition zone (MTZ) indicate strong lateral heterogeneity, which is commonly attributed to subducted oceanic crust. However, davemaoite, a major constituent of the subducted oceanic crust, has been poorly constrained in its elasticity, hindering accurate velocity modeling and obscuring the origin of these low-velocity features. Here we report single-crystal elasticity of Ti-bearing davemaoite with the composition of Ca(Si0.57Ti0.43)O3 under high pressure-temperature and found that Ti incorporation significantly reduces velocities and alters the pressure dependence of the shear modulus. Further velocity modeling demonstrated that subducted crusts with varying Ti content have seismic signatures of 1.7(2)?6.8(5)% low-VS at the bottom MTZ, consistent with the observed low-VS structure in the region. These findings highlight the role of slab-derived chemical heterogeneity in generating mantle seismic anomalies and provide new experimental constraints on the structure and dynamics of the deep Earth. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YuYingxin en-aut-sei=Yu en-aut-mei=Yingxin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangXinyue en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Xinyue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangDongzhou en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Dongzhou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiLuo en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Luo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaoZhu en-aut-sei=Mao en-aut-mei=Zhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SunNingyu en-aut-sei=Sun en-aut-mei=Ningyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangDenglei en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Denglei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiJing en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Jing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhaoChaoshuai en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Chaoshuai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=QianCheng en-aut-sei=Qian en-aut-mei=Cheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=WeiYingzhan en-aut-sei=Wei en-aut-mei=Yingzhan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=LiXinyang en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Xinyang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangYuzhu en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Yuzhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=GeoSoilEnviroCARS, University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of High Pressure and Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=State Key Laboratory of High Pressure and Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Ti-bearing davemaoite kn-keyword=Ti-bearing davemaoite en-keyword=single-crystal elasticity kn-keyword=single-crystal elasticity en-keyword=slab-induced heterogeneity kn-keyword=slab-induced heterogeneity en-keyword=mantle transition zone kn-keyword=mantle transition zone END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1850114 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260529 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bee larvae ameliorate andropause-like symptoms via a hormone-independent, antioxidant mechanism en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH), also known as the male menopause, is characterized by a decline in sexual function as well as various physical and psychological symptoms, including anxiety. Although bee larvae have historically been utilized as a traditional food and medicine, their efficacy and physiological mechanisms of action against male menopausal symptoms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of bee larvae (BL) on sexual and anxiety-like behaviors using two rodent models of the male menopause: aged rats and castrated mice. In the aged rat model (64 weeks old), dietary BL supplementation for 4 weeks significantly attenuated the age-associated decline in ejaculation frequency compared to controls, while no significant effects were observed on mount or intromission frequencies. Notably, plasma analysis revealed no significant differences in testosterone or dihydrotestosterone levels between the BL and control groups. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we evaluated sexual function using a castrated mouse model. While BL supplementation did not affect sexual behavior in intact mice, post-castration BL treatment significantly shortened intromission latency without altering mount frequency. In the elevated plus maze test, BL significantly alleviated castration-induced anxiety-like behaviors and improved exploratory activity. Furthermore, in vitro assays demonstrated that the BL extract exerts potent protective effects against oxidative stress, a pathological factor contributing to both erectile dysfunction and anxiety. These results suggest that BL improves erectile function and anxiety via hormone-independent mechanisms, potentially by mitigating oxidative stress in vascular and neural tissues. Thus, bee larvae represent a promising functional food for ameliorating the multi-faceted physical and psychological symptoms associated with male menopause. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ItoTakashi en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkumuraNobuaki en-aut-sei=Okumura en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtiTakumi en-aut-sei=Oti en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoHirotaka en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Bee Products & Health Science, Yamada Bee Company, Inc. kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=anxiety kn-keyword=anxiety en-keyword=bee larvae kn-keyword=bee larvae en-keyword=late-onset hypogonadism kn-keyword=late-onset hypogonadism en-keyword=oxidative stress kn-keyword=oxidative stress en-keyword=sexual behavior kn-keyword=sexual behavior END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=130 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e2025JB031715 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Linking the Spin Transition of Ferric Iron in δ‐(Al,Fe)OOH to Water Storage in the Lower Mantle en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As the most massive geochemical reservoir, the lower mantle affects the Earth's budget of volatile elements, including hydrogen or H2O. The properties of minerals in the lower mantle are further affected by changes in the electronic configurations of iron cations, that is, by spin transitions. The feedback between spin transitions and potential storage of H2O in solid hydrous phases in the lower mantle, however, remains unexplored. By combining high-pressure nuclear resonant inelastic X-ray scattering and high-pressure high-temperature X-ray diffraction experiments, we constrained the thermal equation of state of δ-(Al,Fe)OOH, a member of the phase H solid solution. Based on the derived thermal equation of state of δ-(Al,Fe)OOH and the underlying thermodynamic model, we calculate the excess Gibbs free energy that arises from the spin transition of ferric iron in this compound and evaluate the effect on phase equilibria. The results of our analysis show that the spin transition of ferric iron in phase H may significantly reduce the thermodynamic activity and hence the concentration of H2O in a coexisting hydrous melt. As a consequence, nominally anhydrous minerals of the lower mantle may become dehydrated in the presence of phase H. Our analysis further suggests that, under certain conditions, the spin transition may expand the thermal stability of Fe3+-bearing phase H and create a geochemical link between the storage of H2O in phase H and ferric iron in the lower mantle. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BuchenJohannes en-aut-sei=Buchen en-aut-mei=Johannes kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=PardoOlivia S. en-aut-sei=Pardo en-aut-mei=Olivia S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DobrosavljevicVasilije V. en-aut-sei=Dobrosavljevic en-aut-mei=Vasilije V. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SturhahnWolfgang en-aut-sei=Sturhahn en-aut-mei=Wolfgang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=CharitonStella en-aut-sei=Chariton en-aut-mei=Stella kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=GreenbergEran en-aut-sei=Greenberg en-aut-mei=Eran kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToellnerThomas S. en-aut-sei=Toellner en-aut-mei=Thomas S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=JacksonJennifer M. en-aut-sei=Jackson en-aut-mei=Jennifer M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universit?t Bayreuth kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Now at Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=GSECARS, The University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=GSECARS, The University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Seismological Laboratory, California Institute of Technology kn-affil= en-keyword=spin transition kn-keyword=spin transition en-keyword=phase H kn-keyword=phase H en-keyword=lower mantle kn-keyword=lower mantle en-keyword=high pressure kn-keyword=high pressure en-keyword=equation of state kn-keyword=equation of state en-keyword=phonon density of states kn-keyword=phonon density of states END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=115 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=107590 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Long-term neurological and neurocognitive deficits in adults prenatally exposed to methylmercury: Minamata disease en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Minamata disease, officially recognized in 1956, is a well-known food poisoning event that was caused by the consumption of fish and seafood contaminated with methylmercury. Although patients with congenital Minamata disease (CMD) with severe neurological impairments after birth are widely recognized, few studies have examined the effects of prenatal methylmercury exposure among residents, which is likely at lower levels than in CMD patients. We aimed to investigate the relationship between prenatal methylmercury exposure and subsequent neurological and neurocognitive outcomes. We conducted a cross-sectional study during 2024?2025 among 51 individuals aged approximately 70 years, 27 residents from an existing cohort established in 1970 in Minamata and 24 age-matched individuals who had lived in less-exposed regions. We performed a battery of neurological and neurocognitive tests in both groups and compared the results using multiple linear regression analyses. We also examined the association between intelligence scores obtained in 1970, and intelligence scores obtained in the present investigation, only among exposed participants. We found that exposed individuals had unfavorable neurological and neurocognitive test scores, in comparison with less-exposed controls. Scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Japanese Edition were 5.91 points lower (95% confidence interval: 3.09 to 8.73) for exposed residents than for the less-exposed group. Moreover, intelligence scores evaluated during exposed participants' adolescence were correlated with their neurocognitive scores in adulthood. Our findings showed that prenatal methylmercury exposure affected subsequent neurological and neurocognitive functions, including among individuals with lower exposure than in CMD patients, and even approximately 70 years after the initial exposure. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamuraYuka en-aut-sei=Yamamura en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaganoItsuka en-aut-sei=Nagano en-aut-mei=Itsuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasudaMariko en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorookaTeruko en-aut-sei=Morooka en-aut-mei=Teruko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadoYoko en-aut-sei=Kado en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Non-Profit Organization Hamachidori kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Clinical Psychology Center, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Medical Support, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Kansai University kn-affil= en-keyword=Environmental pollution kn-keyword=Environmental pollution en-keyword=Methylmercury compounds kn-keyword=Methylmercury compounds en-keyword=Minamata disease kn-keyword=Minamata disease en-keyword=Neurocognitive evaluation kn-keyword=Neurocognitive evaluation en-keyword=Neurological examination kn-keyword=Neurological examination END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=86 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Immediate and delayed effects of thermal stress on fever-associated seizures in children: A time-stratified case-crossover study in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study aimed to examine the non-linear and delayed effects of thermal stress, measured by the hourly Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), on the risk of pediatric fever-associated seizures (FAS). We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study in Okayama, Japan (May 2015?March 2023), analyzing 3,201 ambulance-attended FAS cases in children younger than 7 years. Using a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) with a 144-h lag, we estimated the association between UTCI and FAS. The analysis revealed a bimodal exposure?response relationship. Moderate Cold Stress (10th percentile, ?1.6 °C) was associated with a significant cumulative odds ratio (OR) of 2.22 (95% CI: 1.22?4.06). Risk also increased at the upper range of No Thermal Stress (24.2 °C; cumulative OR 2.74, 95% CI: 1.63?4.63), extending into Moderate Heat Stress (28.7 °C; cumulative OR 2.26, 95% CI: 1.33?3.84). These effects were primarily delayed to 72?96 h for Moderate Cold and reached a peak around 100 h for Moderate Heat. Strong Heat Stress showed immediate but non-significant risk patterns. These findings suggest that infection-mediated pathways likely drive the observed bimodal risk pattern, demonstrate the utility of high-resolution bioclimatic indices, and can inform the development of temperature-specific public health alerts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsumotoNaomi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Naomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamuraYuka en-aut-sei=Yamamura en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UraguchiKensuke en-aut-sei=Uraguchi en-aut-mei=Kensuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObaraTakafumi en-aut-sei=Obara en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Time-stratified Case-crossover study kn-keyword=Time-stratified Case-crossover study en-keyword=Thermal stress kn-keyword=Thermal stress en-keyword=Fever-associated seizures kn-keyword=Fever-associated seizures en-keyword=Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) kn-keyword=Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) en-keyword=Climate change kn-keyword=Climate change en-keyword=Pediatric emergency kn-keyword=Pediatric emergency END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=18 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260524 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=High-pressure spectroscopic investigation of ε-FeOOH: toward a better understanding of pressure-induced hydrogen-bond symmetrization en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=High-pressure spectroscopic measurements of ε-FeOOH were conducted up to ~?65 GPa at room temperature in diamond anvil cells. The pressure evolution of the Raman vibrational modes confirms that a hydrogen-bond-symmetrization-induced phase transition from P21nm to Pnnm occurs at ~?18 GPa. Infrared (IR) spectroscopic measurements suggest that the Pnnm phase has a disordered hydrogen state, and no spectroscopic evidence for fully centered hydrogen bonds is observed within the investigated pressure range. Above ~?45 GPa, Fe3+ in ε-FeOOH undergoes a high-spin to low-spin transition as indicated by a reduction of the unit cell volume, together with reductions in IR transmitted and Raman signals. These results demonstrate that ε?FeOOH preserves a disordered hydrogen?bond configuration up to at least 45 GPa, whereas δ-AlOOH transforms to a centered hydrogen-bond configuration at ~?18 GPa. This compositional contrast suggests that Fe?bearing oxyhydroxides follow a distinct evolution of hydrogen bonding under compression, providing insight into hydrogen behavior in deep Earth materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MashinoIzumi en-aut-sei=Mashino en-aut-mei=Izumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaShigeru en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=ε-FeOOH kn-keyword=ε-FeOOH en-keyword=High pressure kn-keyword=High pressure en-keyword=Spin transition kn-keyword=Spin transition en-keyword=Hydrogen bond symmetrization kn-keyword=Hydrogen bond symmetrization END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=13,284人に対するCDK4/6阻害薬のSwitch投与に関するリアルワールドデータ kn-title=Clinical significance on switching CDK4/6 inhibitors among 13,284 patients with metastatic breast cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NISHINATakuya en-aut-sei=NISHINA en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name=仁科卓也 kn-aut-sei=仁科 kn-aut-mei=卓也 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=TGF-β1誘導性関節リウマチ滑膜線維芽細胞の増殖におけるADAM12の関与 kn-title=Involvement of ADAM12 in TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LINDETING en-aut-sei=LIN en-aut-mei=DETING kn-aut-name=林德? kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=德? aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=骨粗鬆性脊椎骨折に対するセメントキャッチングスクリュー法の臨床成績と力学的評価　 kn-title=Clinical Outcomes and Biomechanical Evaluation of the Cement-Catching Screw Technique for Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SHITOZAWAHisakazu en-aut-sei=SHITOZAWA en-aut-mei=Hisakazu kn-aut-name=志渡澤央和 kn-aut-sei=志渡澤 kn-aut-mei=央和 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=オシメルチニブはMYLK4依存的なCDKAL1リン酸化を阻害し横紋筋肉腫におけるがん幹細胞性と化学療法耐性を抑制する kn-title=Osimertinib inhibits the MYLK4-mediated phosphorylation of CDKAL1 to suppress stemness and chemoresistance in rhabdomyosarcoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ITANOTakuto en-aut-sei=ITANO en-aut-mei=Takuto kn-aut-name=板野拓人 kn-aut-sei=板野 kn-aut-mei=拓人 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=DIN（DNA integrity number）と濃度は、ホルマリン固定パラフィン包埋（FFPE）組織を用いた包括的ながんゲノムプロファイリング検査を成功させるための有用な指標である kn-title=The DNA integrity number and concentration are useful parameters for successful comprehensive genomic profiling test for cancer using formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MATSUOKAEmii en-aut-sei=MATSUOKA en-aut-mei=Emii kn-aut-name=松岡絵美衣 kn-aut-sei=松岡 kn-aut-mei=絵美衣 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ゲムシタビンによるIL-8-CXCR1/2経路を介した好中球細胞外トラップの誘導が膵臓癌における化学療法抵抗性を促進する kn-title=Gemcitabine-Induced neutrophil extracellular traps via interleukin-8-CXCR1/2 pathway promote chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NOGIShohei en-aut-sei=NOGI en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name=野木祥平 kn-aut-sei=野木 kn-aut-mei=祥平 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ピルフェニドンによるコラーゲン抑制は胃癌腹膜播種に対する腫瘍融解アデノウイルの抗腫瘍効果を向上させる kn-title=Collagen depletion by pirfenidone enhances antitumor effect of oncolytic adenovirus against peritoneal metastases of gastric cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OKURATomohiro en-aut-sei=OKURA en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name=大倉友博 kn-aut-sei=大倉 kn-aut-mei=友博 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=予期せぬ N1/N2 リンパ節転移を伴う非小細胞肺癌に対する区域切除と葉切除の臨床成績比較：多施設リアルワールドデータ研究 kn-title=Comparable Clinical Outcomes Between Segmentectomy and Lobectomy for NSCLC With Unsuspected N1/N2: A Multicenter Real-World Data Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=RYUKOTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=RYUKO en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name=柳光剛志 kn-aut-sei=柳光 kn-aut-mei=剛志 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=シングルセルおよび空間トランスクリプトミクスによる肺多形癌の病態解明 kn-title=Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic characterization of pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MATSUOKAAtsushi en-aut-sei=MATSUOKA en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name=松岡篤志 kn-aut-sei=松岡 kn-aut-mei=篤志 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=アスコクロリン誘導体はIL-9産生CD8T細胞を誘導する kn-title=Induction of IL-9-producing CD8+ T cells by ascochlorin derivatives en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IMANONatsumi en-aut-sei=IMANO en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name=今野なつみ kn-aut-sei=今野 kn-aut-mei=なつみ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= 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en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=チラコイド膜の恒常性に関する研究：膜リモデリングに関わるVIPP1と相互作用するタンパク質 kn-title=Study on thylakoid membrane homeostasis: Proteins interacting with VIPP1 involved in membrane remodeling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LiDi en-aut-sei=Li en-aut-mei=Di kn-aut-name=李迪 kn-aut-sei=李 kn-aut-mei=迪 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=サリチル酸とキトサンによる塩ストレス軽減におけるアポプラスティクフローの役割 kn-title=A role of apoplastic flow in salt stress mitigation by salicylic acid and chitosan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Md. ASADULLA AL GALIB en-aut-sei=Md. ASADULLA AL GALIB en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=イソチオシアネート誘導気孔閉口への活性カルボニル種の関与 kn-title=Reactive carbonyl species involvement in isothiocyanate-induced stomatal closure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SUMAIYAFARZANA en-aut-sei=SUMAIYA en-aut-mei=FARZANA kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=遺伝的アルゴリズムを用いたマイクロ波平面回路の自動設計と機械学習技術によるその高速化手法 kn-title=Automated Design of Microwave Planar Circuits Using Genetic Algorithms and its Acceleration Techniques with Machine Learning Methods en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AKADATakuma en-aut-sei=AKADA en-aut-mei=Takuma kn-aut-name=赤田拓磨 kn-aut-sei=赤田 kn-aut-mei=拓磨 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama university kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ブロックチェーン上で情報を秘匿しながら企業間のデータ活用を促進するB2Bコラボレーションシステムの研究 kn-title=A Business-to-Business Collaboration System That Promotes Data Utilization While Encrypting Information on the Blockchain en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NASUHiroaki en-aut-sei=NASU en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name=那須弘明 kn-aut-sei=那須 kn-aut-mei=弘明 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama university kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=アスガルドアーキアESCRTタンパク質の真核細胞構造への局在は真核細胞の複雑さの根底にある保存された機構を明らかにする kn-title=Localization of Asgard Archaeal ESCRT Proteins to Eukaryotic Cellular Structures Reveals Conserved Mechanisms Underlying Eukaryotic Cellular Complexity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NARIPOGU KISHORE BABU en-aut-sei=NARIPOGU KISHORE BABU en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama university kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=疾病負担の長期的な傾向を明らかにするため、グローバル疾病負担研究2019および世界保健機関死亡データベースを用いた世界レベル、地域レベル、国レベルにおける国際疫学研究 kn-title=Long-term trends in disease burden at global, regional, and national levels: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 and the World Health Organization Mortality Database en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=VU THI QUYNH en-aut-sei=VU THI QUYNH en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=酸処理Ti表面の細菌捕捉特性及び抗菌特性に関する研究 kn-title=Investigation on bacterial capture and antibacterial properties of acid-treated Ti surface en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AOYAGIHaruyuki en-aut-sei=AOYAGI en-aut-mei=Haruyuki kn-aut-name=青柳陽之 kn-aut-sei=青柳 kn-aut-mei=陽之 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=マウスモデルにおける枯草菌（Bacillus subtilis）による歯周炎への影響 kn-title=Effects of Bacillus subtilis on Periodontitis in a Mouse Model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZHANGYIXUAN en-aut-sei=ZHANG en-aut-mei=YIXUAN kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ラット歯周炎モデルにおけるmiR-128-3pによる腎臓の炎症への影響 kn-title=Effects of miR-128-3p on Renal Inflammation in a Rat Periodontitis Model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MOHAMMAD NURHAMIM en-aut-sei=MOHAMMAD NURHAMIM en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=口腔Actinomyces属細菌への応用を目的とした抗酸菌由来プラスミドの評価 kn-title=Evaluation of Mycobacterium-derived plasmids for application in oral Actinomyces species en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OHARASakiko en-aut-sei=OHARA en-aut-mei=Sakiko kn-aut-name=大原早紀子 kn-aut-sei=大原 kn-aut-mei=早紀子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ダイナミン2はF-アクチンの組織化を調節することにより骨芽細胞の移動に関与する kn-title=Dynamin 2 is involved in osteoblast migration by regulating the organization of F-actin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MORIYATakumi en-aut-sei=MORIYA en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name=守谷拓巳 kn-aut-sei=守谷 kn-aut-mei=拓巳 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=経口投与されたリン酸カルシウムによるカドミウム誘発性骨劣化の改善 kn-title=Amelioration of Cd-induced bone deterioration by orally administered calcium phosphate en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SUNGPING-CHIN en-aut-sei=SUNG en-aut-mei=PING-CHIN kn-aut-name=宋秉秦 kn-aut-sei=宋 kn-aut-mei=秉秦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=表面脱灰による固体ハイドロキシアパタイトと骨組織間の強固な接着 kn-title=Robust adhesion between solid-state hydroxyapatite and bone tissue through surface demineralization en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=XIESHICHAO en-aut-sei=XIE en-aut-mei=SHICHAO kn-aut-name=謝世超 kn-aut-sei=謝 kn-aut-mei=世超 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=患者由来癌関連線維芽細胞を用いた三次元モデルに対するホウ素中性子捕捉療法の評価 kn-title=Assessment of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy on Three Dimensional Model of Patient-Derived Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Oral Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HARAIzumi en-aut-sei=HARA en-aut-mei=Izumi kn-aut-name=原和泉 kn-aut-sei=原 kn-aut-mei=和泉 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=持続血糖モニタリングによる，歯周炎誘発性の血糖変動・インスリン抵抗性・腸内細菌叢異常のマウスにおける解明 kn-title=Continuous glucose monitoring reveals periodontitis-induced glucose variability, insulin resistance, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TAKAMORIMoyuka en-aut-sei=TAKAMORI en-aut-mei=Moyuka kn-aut-name=高盛萌可 kn-aut-sei=高盛 kn-aut-mei=萌可 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=腫瘍周囲組織が腫瘍関連マクロファージの集簇と分化に与える影響について kn-title=Effect of Oral Peritumoral Tissue on Infiltration and Differentiation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PIAOTIANYAN en-aut-sei=PIAO en-aut-mei=TIANYAN kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=CXCR4阻害は、口腔扁平上皮癌において増殖中の血管を選択的に標的化し腫瘍壊死を誘導する kn-title=CXCR4 Inhibition Induces Tumor Necrosis by Selectively Targeting the Proliferating Blood Vessels in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SOEYAMIN en-aut-sei=SOE en-aut-mei=YAMIN kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e70031 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=TFAM-Mediated mtDNA Replication is Essential for Developmental Competence of In Vitro Grown Oocytes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose
Mitochondria are essential for oocyte maturation and early embryonic development, supplying ATP and maintaining mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity. During oogenesis, mtDNA undergoes dramatic amplification, but the mechanisms and functional significance of this process remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in mouse oocytes using an in vitro growth (IVG) system.
Methods
Oocytes at different growth stages were analyzed for mtDNA copy number and expression of mitochondrial biogenesis genes. To assess TFAM function, siRNA targeting Tfam was microinjected into secondary follicles, which were then cultured for 12?days under IVG conditions. Following culture, oocyte growth, mtDNA content, mitochondrial membrane potential, and developmental competence after in vitro fertilization (IVF) were evaluated.
Results
mtDNA copy number increased nonlinearly during oocyte growth, with a pronounced rise at the secondary follicle stage accompanied by TFAM upregulation. TFAM knockdown reduced mtDNA copy number and mitochondrial function without affecting oocyte size or meiotic maturation, but significantly decreased blastocyst formation and total cell numbers per blastocyst.
Conclusions
TFAM-mediated mtDNA replication is crucial for mitochondrial function and developmental competence of IVG-derived oocytes, underscoring its importance in early embryonic development. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DoSon Quang en-aut-sei=Do en-aut-mei=Son Quang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TasakiHidetaka en-aut-sei=Tasaki en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunahashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Funahashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WakaiTakuya en-aut-sei=Wakai en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=in vitro growth kn-keyword=in vitro growth en-keyword=mitochondrial biogenesis kn-keyword=mitochondrial biogenesis en-keyword=mtDNA kn-keyword=mtDNA en-keyword=oogenesis kn-keyword=oogenesis en-keyword=TFAM kn-keyword=TFAM END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=14 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ibuprofen gargle for quality of life and pain improvement in oral lichen planus: randomized crossover and long-term extension phase II study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KitahiroYumi en-aut-sei=Kitahiro en-aut-mei=Yumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakeiYasumasa en-aut-sei=Kakei en-aut-mei=Yasumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IoroiTakeshi en-aut-sei=Ioroi en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YatagaiNanae en-aut-sei=Yatagai en-aut-mei=Nanae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KashinMasahiko en-aut-sei=Kashin en-aut-mei=Masahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiMasaki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriokaAsami en-aut-sei=Morioka en-aut-mei=Asami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaTakumi en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkashiMasaya en-aut-sei=Akashi en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoIkuko en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Ikuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Integrated Clinical and Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Oral lichen planus kn-keyword=Oral lichen planus en-keyword=Ibuprofen gargle kn-keyword=Ibuprofen gargle en-keyword=PROMS kn-keyword=PROMS en-keyword=Oral pain kn-keyword=Oral pain en-keyword=Long-term extension study kn-keyword=Long-term extension study END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=cr.26-0288 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tailored Management of Anomalous Systemic Arterial Supply to the Basal Segment of the Lung: A Case Report and Literature Review en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=INTRODUCTION: Parenchyma-preserving strategies for anomalous systemic arterial supply to the basal segment of the lung have gained increasing attention. However, pulmonary infarction of the preserved lung has been reported, and clear criteria for selecting the optimal treatment have yet to be established. We report 2 cases in which detailed preoperative imaging informed tailored management?right posterior basal segmentectomy in 1 patient and endovascular embolization of the aberrant artery in the other?both without postoperative complications. A review of the relevant literature is also provided, with an emphasis on potential selection criteria.
CASE PRESENTATION: Case 1: A 20-year-old asymptomatic woman was referred after an abnormal screening chest radiograph. CT demonstrated an aberrant artery arising from the abdominal aorta supplying the right posterior basal segment (S10) with a large intravascular thrombus. The pulmonary artery showed hypoplasia limited to A10, while the other branches were normal, and no parenchymal congestion was identified. Following resection of the aberrant artery, robot-assisted right S10 segmentectomy was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on POD 6. Case 2: A 27-year-old woman was incidentally diagnosed on CT for an unrelated indication. An aberrant artery arising from the descending thoracic aorta supplied the left basal segment. Pulmonary arterial branches were preserved, with only minimal congestion in S9-10. Angiography revealed no evidence of an arteriovenous fistula. As surgical lung resection was considered unnecessary, coil embolization of the aberrant artery was performed. No complications occurred, and the patient was discharged on day 3 after the procedure.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with anomalous systemic arterial supply to the basal segment of the lung, when pulmonary arterial branches are preserved and background parenchymal congestion is minimal, parenchyma-sparing approaches should be considered. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoriShunsuke en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzawaKen en-aut-sei=Suzawa en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomitaKoji en-aut-sei=Tomita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHaruchika en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Haruchika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaKumi en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Kumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaShin en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TorigoeHidejiro en-aut-sei=Torigoe en-aut-mei=Hidejiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiKentaroh en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Kentaroh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMikio en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mikio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=anomalous systemic arterial supply kn-keyword=anomalous systemic arterial supply en-keyword=basal lung segment kn-keyword=basal lung segment en-keyword=segmentectomy kn-keyword=segmentectomy en-keyword=endovascular embolization kn-keyword=endovascular embolization en-keyword=pulmonary infarction kn-keyword=pulmonary infarction END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260526 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Treatment strategies for pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with adult congenital heart diseases en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction
The number of patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) is gradually increasing worldwide due to advances in surgical techniques and pharmacological therapies. ACHD can lead to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and treatment strategies for PAH associated with ACHD have also evolved.

Areas covered
Several PAH-targeted drugs including endothelin receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, and prostacyclin analogs are available for treatment of PAH. In this review, we summarized the current evidence regarding the use of PAH-targeted drugs in patients with PAH associated with ACHD. We also propose a ‘treat and repair’ strategy, which involves initial medical treatment to improve PAH followed by surgical or interventional repair of the systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. A PubMed literature search was conducted from 2000 to 2025.

Expert opinion
In cases of PAH associated with a systemic-to-pulmonary cardiac shunt, advanced PAH-targeted drugs can improve hemodynamics, and reduce the risk of cardiac defect repair and further improvement in PAH. The treat and repair strategy represents a promising therapeutic approach for PAH patients associated with systemic-to-pulmonary shunts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KasaharaShingo en-aut-sei=Kasahara en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EjiriKentaro en-aut-sei=Ejiri en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraKazufumi en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Kazufumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Adult congenital heart diseases kn-keyword=Adult congenital heart diseases en-keyword=pulmonary arterial hypertension kn-keyword=pulmonary arterial hypertension en-keyword=PAH-targeted drugs kn-keyword=PAH-targeted drugs en-keyword=systemic-to-pulmonary shunt kn-keyword=systemic-to-pulmonary shunt en-keyword=treat and repair strategy kn-keyword=treat and repair strategy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=e004185 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Predictive value of simple echocardiographic parameters for screening pulmonary hypertension under the revised definition: a study for general hospitals en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background The current guideline recommends a peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV) ?2.9 m/s on echocardiography for pulmonary hypertension (PH) screening; however, this threshold was based on the previous PH definition (mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ?25?mm Hg) and derived largely from PH referral centres.
Methods We retrospectively analysed 755 patients who underwent both transthoracic echocardiography and right heart catheterisation at two general hospitals. The discrimination of peak TRV and estimated right atrial pressure (eRAP), derived from inferior vena cava diameter and respiratory variation, for screening for PH was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Optimal cut-off values were determined with the Youden Index.
Results The c-statistic for peak TRV in detecting PH was 0.82 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.85). An optimal cut-off of 2.7 m/s provided higher sensitivity (72%) than the conventional 2.9 m/s threshold (60%) while maintaining high specificity (82%). In 681 patients with available TRV and eRAP data, adding eRAP improved discrimination compared with TRV alone (c-statistic 0.83 vs 0.80; net reclassification improvement=0.14, p=0.002). eRAP ?5?mm Hg was associated with a higher risk of PH, and the combination of elevated TRV and eRAP yielded the strongest association.
Conclusion For screening under the revised PH definition, a peak TRV of 2.7 m/s is suggested as the optimal cut-off. Although TRV alone showed good discriminative performance, combining it with eRAP further improved diagnostic accuracy using simple echocardiographic measures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaYoshitake en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TayaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Taya en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=EjiriKentaro en-aut-sei=Ejiri en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakayaYoichi en-aut-sei=Takaya en-aut-mei=Yoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=DohiYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Dohi en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kure Kyosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=302 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=113085 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A photoactivatable Cre-loxP system for spatiotemporal genetic manipulation in mouse taste buds en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Conventional genetic approaches, including global gene KO and conditional KO strategies such as the Cre-loxP system, have some limitations arising from systemic effects or insufficient temporal resolution. The recently developed photoactivatable Cre (PA-Cre) system may have a potential to improve spatiotemporal control of gene manipulation. In this study, we established and validated the feasibility of the PA-Cre system using taste buds as a model. We generated TRE-PA-Cre:R26-rtTA/tdTomato mice to evaluate blue-light-induced Cre recombinase activity. Through systematic optimization of illumination parameters, we found that a single session of blue-light-illumination resulted in limited recombination efficiency, whereas a multisession illumination strategy markedly increased recombination efficiency. To further assess the utility of the PA-Cre system for gene KO, we generated TRE-PA-Cre:R26-rtTA:Tas1r3-flox mice and targeted a taste-related gene Tas1r3. Genomic DNA quantitative PCR and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR both showed partial reductions in Tas1r3 at the DNA and mRNA levels, respectively. Behavioral assays further revealed a selective decrease in sensitivity to sweet and umami stimuli. Together, these findings demonstrate PA-Cre-mediated gene manipulation in taste buds and establish a practical optical activation paradigm, providing a high-spatiotemporal-resolution tool for investigating gene function in optically targeted regions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZuoYu en-aut-sei=Zuo en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorieKengo en-aut-sei=Horie en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitohYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Mitoh en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaoTomoka en-aut-sei=Takao en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaradaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Takarada en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KokabuShoichiro en-aut-sei=Kokabu en-aut-mei=Shoichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Biochemistry, Kyushu Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Cre-loxP kn-keyword=Cre-loxP en-keyword=genetic manipulation kn-keyword=genetic manipulation en-keyword=mouse kn-keyword=mouse en-keyword=photoactivatable Cre kn-keyword=photoactivatable Cre en-keyword=spatiotemporal kn-keyword=spatiotemporal en-keyword=taste kn-keyword=taste END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=105 end-page=119 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Programmable synthesis of alkaloidal frameworks integrating Michael acceptor generates covalent probes for targeting POLE3 in HBV replication en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The growing need for effective HBV treatments and lead compounds with novel mechanisms prompted us to explore synthetic strategies for generating skeletally diverse alkaloidal Michael acceptors. Our approach uniquely embeds Michael acceptors directly within multicyclic alkaloid-inspired frameworks, exploiting the azepinoindole scaffold?a privileged structure in indole alkaloids. A single-step assembly between the versatile intermediate 13 with methyl propiolate 14 or its derivatives enabled the rapid and divergent synthesis of six alkaloidal Michael acceptors (15?20). This strategy facilitated systematic diversification of three-dimensional functional group arrangements and precise tuning of the electronic and steric properties of the embedded α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moieties. The optimal hit 15 inhibited hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) production with an IC50 of 2.48 μM and significantly reduced levels of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the master template of HBV. Unlike existing nucleoside/nucleotide-based anti-HBV drugs that primarily inhibit reverse transcription, the alkaloidal Michael acceptor 15 suppressed both cccDNA and relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) levels, suggesting a potential pathway toward a functional HBV cure. Our study also streamlined the target identification by leveraging the covalent binding properties of the Michael acceptors and the operational simplicity of biotin- or fluorescent-tag attachment via a pre-installed alkyne moiety. Competitive pull-down experiments identified several potential target proteins, involving DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 3 (POLE3). Notably, the alkaloidal Michael acceptor 15 was demonstrated to covalently modify Cys51 in POLE3, providing new insights into virus?host interactions and opening novel avenues for targeted anti-HBV therapies. This approach represents a significant advance beyond traditional screening methods and underscores the potential of skeletally diverse alkaloidal Michael acceptors in antiviral drug development. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanekoNobuto en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Nobuto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HimenoMisao en-aut-sei=Himeno en-aut-mei=Misao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiYuhi en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Yuhi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanifujiRyo en-aut-sei=Tanifuji en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaHiroki en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizoguchiHaruki en-aut-sei=Mizoguchi en-aut-mei=Haruki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuroiMakoto en-aut-sei=Muroi en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTakehiro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiyamaMasaya en-aut-sei=Sugiyama en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=DohmaeNaoshi en-aut-sei=Dohmae en-aut-mei=Naoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Osada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KidoTaketomo en-aut-sei=Kido en-aut-mei=Taketomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyajimaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Miyajima en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguriHiroki en-aut-sei=Oguri en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Centre for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Centre for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Viral Pathogenesis and Control, National Institute of Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Centre for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Centre for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e2026GL122541 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260520 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Discovery of Repeating Shallow Moonquakes in the Apollo Lunar Seismic Data en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Shallow moonquakes have been considered unique due to their large magnitudes and affinities with intraplate earthquakes. However, the small number of detections (<80 events) has prevented detailed characterization. In this study, I identified a pair of repeating shallow moonquakes by analyzing a recently updated moonquake data set. Relative-phase assessment revealed that these events exhibit a consistent fault-slip direction despite their occurrence at opposite tidal phases. This differs from what was observed for repeating deep moonquakes, which are closely related to tides, implying that tidal stress does not dominantly control fault-slip initiation of the repeating shallow moonquakes. Also, the identified repeating shallow moonquakes exhibit a similar relationship between seismic moment and the spatial scale of the slip area to earthquakes. This may indicate that earthquake-like fault physics operates on the Moon, albeit with a different driving mechanism than on Earth. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OnoderaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Onodera en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=lunar seismology kn-keyword=lunar seismology en-keyword=tectonism kn-keyword=tectonism en-keyword=Moon kn-keyword=Moon en-keyword=Apollo kn-keyword=Apollo en-keyword=planetary seismology kn-keyword=planetary seismology en-keyword=fault physics kn-keyword=fault physics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Second-look endoscopy does not reduce delayed bleeding after endoscopic papillectomy: a multicenter propensity score-matched analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Delayed bleeding is a frequent and serious complication after endoscopic papillectomy (EP). Second-look endoscopy (SLE) is often scheduled on the following day for wound assessment and prophylactic hemostasis, but its clinical value remains unclear.
Objectives: This study evaluated the effectiveness of SLE in preventing delayed bleeding after EP.
Design: This study was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 132 consecutive patients who underwent EP at nine high-volume centers between 2003 and 2024 (SLE group, n?=?73; non-SLE group, n?=?59). Propensity score matching was performed to balance baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was delayed bleeding, and secondary outcomes were risk factors, the impact of prophylactic hemostasis during SLE, and hospital stay.
Results: After matching, 43 patients were included in each group. The incidence of delayed bleeding did not differ between the SLE and non-SLE groups (14% vs 9%, p?=?0.50). Multivariate analysis identified a lack of preventive clipping closure as the only independent risk factor (odds ratio 15, 95% confidence interval 1.3?177, p?=?0.030). Prophylactic hemostasis during SLE did not reduce bleeding but was associated with prolonged hospitalization (13 vs 9?days, p?=?0.012).
Conclusion: Routine SLE after EP does not reduce delayed bleeding. Moreover, prophylactic hemostasis in asymptomatic patients may unnecessarily prolong hospitalization. Hemostasis should be reserved for patients who develop clinical signs of bleeding. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiiYuki en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UekiToru en-aut-sei=Ueki en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HimeiHitomi en-aut-sei=Himei en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakiharaIchiro en-aut-sei=Sakakihara en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UetaEijiro en-aut-sei=Ueta en-aut-mei=Eijiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyokawaTatsuya en-aut-sei=Toyokawa en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaradaRyo en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaTaiji en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Taiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomodaTakeshi en-aut-sei=Tomoda en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoHironari en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Hironari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoRyosuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumiAkihiro en-aut-sei=Matsumi en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoKazuya en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriguchiShigeru en-aut-sei=Horiguchi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsutsumiKoichiro en-aut-sei=Tsutsumi en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Fukuyama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, NHO Fukuyama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=delayed bleeding kn-keyword=delayed bleeding en-keyword=endoscopic papillectomy kn-keyword=endoscopic papillectomy en-keyword=post-resection site kn-keyword=post-resection site en-keyword=prophylactic hemostasis kn-keyword=prophylactic hemostasis en-keyword=second-look endoscopy kn-keyword=second-look endoscopy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=921 end-page=930 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260520 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Verification of Relationship Between Multiplicatively Weighted Voronoi Diagram and Huff Model: A Case Study on Order Assignment in E-Commerce en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study examines the relationship between a multiplicatively weighted (MW-) Voronoi diagram and the Huff model. A mathematical comparison demonstrates that the models are structurally equivalent when the Huff model is deterministic and the distance decay parameter λ takes a specific value. This theoretical finding was empirically validated using real-world e-commerce order assignment data. The experiments demonstrate the distinct strengths of each model. The Huff model enables the flexible balancing of competing objectives through parameter adjustment, whereas the MW-Voronoi diagram provides geometric clarity in the interpretation of territories. We conclude that the selection of the two models should be guided by the problem objectives, depending on whether probabilistic flexibility or deterministic spatial partitioning is required. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawamotoTakaki en-aut-sei=Kawamoto en-aut-mei=Takaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasuikeTakashi en-aut-sei=Hasuike en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University kn-affil= en-keyword=multiplicatively weighted Voronoi diagram kn-keyword=multiplicatively weighted Voronoi diagram en-keyword=Huff model kn-keyword=Huff model en-keyword=order assignment algorithm kn-keyword=order assignment algorithm END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=373 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=fnag055 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Intercellular signal transduction within the mother cell compartment during Bacillus subtilis sporulation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Intercellular signaling contributes to the spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. The mother cell transcription factor σE is initially produced as an inactive precursor protein pro-σE and activated by the processing enzyme SpoIIGA in response to the forespore-produced putative signaling molecule SpoIIR. However, the mechanism underlying the SpoIIR-mediated signal transduction remains poorly understood. In this study, we showed that the spoIIR-positive, spoIIGA-deleted strain was able to induce SpoIIGA-dependent pro-σE processing in co-cultured spoIIR-deleted, spoIIGA-positive strains. This signaling was dependent on SpoIIR expression and did not involve DNA transfer. Extracellular materials including secreted proteins and membrane vesicles were unlikely to be involved in this signaling pathway. Interestingly, cessation of co-incubation shaking enhanced the signaling, while the addition of membrane-solubilizing detergent abolished it. In addition, SpoIIR signaling did not necessitate release from the forespore membrane or extracellular translocation. A SpoIIR variant lacking the putative signal peptide-like hydrophobic domain produced solely in the mother cell compartment was still able to activate pro-σE. Overall, the study findings suggested that the forespore-produced SpoIIR is neither secreted nor externally translocated. Instead, SpoIIR appeared to be transferred into the mother cell compartment and interacts with the SpoIIGA cytoplasmic domain to trigger pro-σE processing. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuwabaraNobuki en-aut-sei=Kuwabara en-aut-mei=Nobuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnzueMasato en-aut-sei=Anzue en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoTsutomu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Frontier Bioscience, Hosei University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Frontier Bioscience, Hosei University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Center for Intestinal Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Frontier Bioscience, Hosei University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Center for Intestinal Health Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Bacillus subtilis kn-keyword=Bacillus subtilis en-keyword=sporulation kn-keyword=sporulation en-keyword=sigma cascade kn-keyword=sigma cascade en-keyword=intercellular signal transduction kn-keyword=intercellular signal transduction END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=6225 end-page=6235 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ion-Conductive Vitrimers Based on Backbone-Type Triazolium Poly(Ionic Liquid)s: Counterion-Dependent Dynamics and Backbone Flexibility en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To simultaneously achieve high ionic conductivity and recyclability, vitrimers were prepared using backbone-type triazolium poly(ionic liquid)s (TPILs) that integrate ionic transport and dynamic network rearrangement via trans-N-alkylation. TPIL elastomers bearing I?, BF4?, PF6?, and TFSI? counteranions were synthesized from “clickable” ionic liquid monomers, and their glass transition temperature (Tg), ionic conductivity, and vitrimeric dynamics were compared. Only the I?-based network exhibited stress relaxation at 170 °C, indicating that nucleophilic anions are important for bond exchange. However, a trade-off was observed between ionic transport and dynamic network rearrangement. We overcome this trade-off by mixing anions. Mixed-anion TPIL elastomers using I? and TFSI? exhibited lower Tg and higher ionic conductivity than I?-based elastomer, while still maintaining vitrimer-like relaxation. Rheological analysis revealed a decoupling between segment relaxation and bond exchange dynamics in vitrimer-like elastomers. The design combining flexible polymer backbones and mixed-anion engineering can create recyclable, highly conductive polymer electrolyte networks. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsunekawaHikari en-aut-sei=Tsunekawa en-aut-mei=Hikari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoAtsushi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaYuya en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Yuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=dynamic covalent bond kn-keyword=dynamic covalent bond en-keyword=poly(ionic liquid) kn-keyword=poly(ionic liquid) en-keyword=vitrimer kn-keyword=vitrimer en-keyword=trans-N-alkylation kn-keyword=trans-N-alkylation en-keyword=conductivity kn-keyword=conductivity en-keyword=anion kn-keyword=anion END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=ra.2025-0153 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Current Status of Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Chronic Subdural Hematoma: An International Perspective Including Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) for chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is gaining global prevalence as a minimally invasive treatment aimed at serving as an adjunct to or method of avoiding surgery; however, its optimal positioning remains unclear. This study outlines the current status of MMAE in Japan, Germany, and the United States based on nationwide survey reports, recently published consensus guidelines, and meta-analyses including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM; EMBOLISE, STEM, and MAGIC-MT) and examines its efficacy and limitations. Real-world clinical data from Japan, Germany, and the United States indicate that MMAE is primarily used as an adjunctive therapy following surgery for older and high-risk or recurrent cases, or as a stand-alone therapy in selected cases to safely reduce the risk of recurrence and reoperation. While a multidisciplinary consensus statement takes a cautious stance that limits MMAE to recurrent or inoperable cases such as those at high risk associated with interrupting antithrombotic medication, the Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology guidelines published after the RCTs strongly recommend the concurrent use of MMAE with standard therapy in de novo cases. Meta-analyses integrating the 3 NEJM trials and other RCTs showed that MMAE suppressed recurrence and reoperation versus standard treatment, with particularly pronounced effects in the nonsurgical (conservative treatment) group; however, the additive effect was limited in the surgical adjunct group. No improvement in functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score) was observed. Cost-effectiveness analyses suggest that, while MMAE reduces reoperations, routine implementation for all cases is difficult to justify economically because of high procedural costs, indicating the need to narrow the indication to populations at high risk of recurrence. In conclusion, although MMAE is an effective treatment option, the current evidence does not support its uniform introduction in all patients with CSDH. Thus, it is necessary to individualize and adapt the indications for specific patient subgroups, such as those at high risk of recurrence or those for whom surgery is difficult. Finally, we propose a pragmatic treatment strategy for MMAE stratified by disease stage (de novo vs. recurrent) and clinical severity to guide the individualized selection of adjunctive and stand-alone embolization. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawakamiMasato en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiuKenji en-aut-sei=Sugiu en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramatsuMasafumi en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HarumaJun en-aut-sei=Haruma en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraRyu en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Ryu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SoutomeYuta en-aut-sei=Soutome en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaJuntaro en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Juntaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirataYuichi en-aut-sei=Hirata en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=BabaFukiko en-aut-sei=Baba en-aut-mei=Fukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaShota en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Shota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=middle meningeal artery embolization kn-keyword=middle meningeal artery embolization en-keyword=chronic subdural hematoma kn-keyword=chronic subdural hematoma en-keyword=current status kn-keyword=current status END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260519 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Incidence of B-cell Malignancies in Patients with Lung Cancer Receiving PD-1 Blockade Therapy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: Many patients with various cancer types have received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) worldwide since their approval, and novel unexpected complications from their long-term use are apparent. We identified some cases of B-cell lymphoma occurring during PD-1 blockade therapy as such unexpected complications. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence of hematologic malignancies in patients with lung cancer receiving PD-1 blockade therapy and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the progression of these malignancies.
Experimental Design: We performed IHC staining on the clinical samples from patients with B-cell lymphoma that developed during PD-1 blockade therapy and analyzed large-scale real-world datasets. We further investigated the underlying mechanisms through in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Results: A higher incidence of B-cell malignancies has been observed in patients with lung cancer treated with PD-1 blockade therapies based on large-scale real-world data analyses (n = 15,670). The identified lymphomas had a large amount of CD4+ T follicular helper (TFH) cell infiltration. In addition, PD-1 blockade activated PD-1+ TFH cells, which promoted lymphoma proliferation via the IL4/IL4R, IL21/IL21R, and CD40L/CD40 axes. Notably, the lymphomas exhibited high expression of IL4R, IL21R, and CD40.
Conclusions: Our findings highlight the need for careful monitoring and consideration of the potential B-cell malignancy complications in clinical settings in which ICIs are used. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NinomiyaToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FangCaiyang en-aut-sei=Fang en-aut-mei=Caiyang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamanoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Hamano en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorinagaTeruya en-aut-sei=Morinaga en-aut-mei=Teruya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhouWenhao en-aut-sei=Zhou en-aut-mei=Wenhao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyamaToshihiro en-aut-sei=Koyama en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikiSakura en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Sakura kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhuLi en-aut-sei=Zhu en-aut-mei=Li kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaoiYusuke en-aut-sei=Naoi en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnnishiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Ennishi en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsutaTomoya en-aut-sei=Katsuta en-aut-mei=Tomoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Kadoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorizaneShin en-aut-sei=Morizane en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ohki-IkedaTomoka en-aut-sei=Ohki-Ikeda en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTatsuya en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaYouki en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Youki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshinoTakamasa en-aut-sei=Ishino en-aut-mei=Takamasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoIsamu en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Isamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagasakiJoji en-aut-sei=Nagasaki en-aut-mei=Joji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Togashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmaceutical Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=109 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=107113 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bile acids as candidate therapies for multiple sclerosis: inverse signal analysis using the FDA adverse event reporting system and preclinical validation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Alterations in bile acid metabolism have been observed in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), yet the therapeutic implications of bile acid supplementation remain uncertain.
Methods: We conducted a two-stage study integrating pharmacovigilance analysis with preclinical validation to evaluate bile acid derivatives as candidate therapies for MS. A disproportionality analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS; Q4/2003?Q2/2025) was performed to identify inverse associations between MS and bile acid preparations. The effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and obeticholic acid (6-ECDCA) were evaluated in a therapeutic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, with treatment initiated after disease onset.
Results: Among 13,734,539 FAERS reports, 75,659 involved MS. Inverse associations were identified for UDCA (odds ratio [OR]: 0.197, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.117?0.333) and 6-ECDCA (OR: 0.128, 95% CI: 0.041?0.396). In the EAE model, UDCA was associated with lower clinical scores at the peak (day 18) and late phases (days 26?28), whereas 6-ECDCA showed only a non-significant trend toward improvement at day 28.
Conclusion: This two-stage investigation highlights the potential utility of pharmacovigilance-guided approaches for identifying therapeutic candidates. Bile acid derivatives, particularly UDCA, are biologically plausible candidates meriting further investigation in the context of MS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsadaMizuho en-aut-sei=Asada en-aut-mei=Mizuho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AizawaFuka en-aut-sei=Aizawa en-aut-mei=Fuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikamiTakahisa en-aut-sei=Mikami en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=GodaMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Goda en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SonodaYuhei en-aut-sei=Sonoda en-aut-mei=Yuhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiimuraTakahiro en-aut-sei=Niimura en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChumaMasayuki en-aut-sei=Chuma en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=UesawaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Uesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizawaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Ishizawa en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Medical Molecular Informatics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hospital Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Asahikawa Medical University and University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Medical Molecular Informatics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Bile acids kn-keyword=Bile acids en-keyword=Multiple sclerosis kn-keyword=Multiple sclerosis en-keyword=Database analysis kn-keyword=Database analysis en-keyword=Drug repositioning kn-keyword=Drug repositioning en-keyword=Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis kn-keyword=Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=48 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Adverse events of romidepsin versus tucidinostat for peripheral T-cell lymphoma: a pharmacovigilance study using the Japanese adverse drug event report database en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of lymphomas with poor prognosis, particularly in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) disease. Romidepsin and tucidinostat are histone deacetylase inhibitors used to treat R/R PTCL. No head-to-head post-marketing surveillance studies have compared adverse events (AEs) between the two agents. In this brief report, the AE profiles of romidepsin and tucidinostat were compared using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database to facilitate their differentiation and promote the management of AEs.
Methods We conducted a descriptive analysis using data from the JADER database from April 2018 to July 2025. The reported AEs for romidepsin and tucidinostat were extracted and classified according to preferred terms (PTs) and system organ classes (SOCs). Reporting odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare the AE profiles between the groups.
Results In total, 998,397 reports were analysed for all drugs, including 323 for romidepsin and 753 for tucidinostat. Compared with all drugs, both agents showed significant disproportionality signals in four SOCs: Blood and lymphatic system disorders; General disorders and administration site conditions; Investigations; and Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified. Romidepsin exhibited additional significant signals in six SOCs: Cardiac disorders, Eye disorders, Gastrointestinal disorders, Immune system disorders, Infections and infestations, and Metabolism and nutrition disorders. Direct comparison between the two agents revealed broader AE profiles for romidepsin, with AEs more frequently reported in eight SOCs, whereas tucidinostat showed AEs in only two SOCs. Romidepsin was associated with AEs more frequently reported in several PTs, including atrial fibrillation and gastrointestinal toxicities, such as constipation, tumour lysis syndrome, hepatotoxicity, and peripheral neuropathy, which was consistent with the results at the SOC level. In contrast, several significant PTs for tucidinostat were observed in General disorders and administration site conditions and Investigations.
Conclusions The Japanese real-world pharmacovigilance analysis showed differences in the AE profiles between romidepsin and tucidinostat. These differences in safety profiles may be useful for treatment selection and AE management in routine clinical practice among patients with R/R PTCL. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings and better characterise the safety profiles of these agents. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakatsuNao en-aut-sei=Takatsu en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoJun en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaYurie en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Yurie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiTomonori en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataNaohiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashionnaTsukasa en-aut-sei=Higashionna en-aut-mei=Tsukasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaTatsuaki en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Tatsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamanoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Hamano en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZamamiYoshito en-aut-sei=Zamami en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Romidepsin kn-keyword=Romidepsin en-keyword=Tucidinostat kn-keyword=Tucidinostat en-keyword=Adverse event kn-keyword=Adverse event en-keyword=JADER kn-keyword=JADER en-keyword=Pharmacovigilance kn-keyword=Pharmacovigilance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260415 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Relationship Between Numbers of Patients Registered and Procedures Performed at Lung Transplantation Centers in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Recently, there has been a dramatic increase in deceased lung transplantation (DLT) procedures performed in Japan. However, there is concern that the number of transplantations may reach the limit of capacity in some centers. The present study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the numbers of individuals registered for DLT by the Japan Organ Transplantation Network (JOT) and procedures subsequently performed at lung transplantation centers. Methods: Using a database and registry reports provided by the Japanese Society of Lung and Heart-lung Transplantation, the numbers of individuals registered in the JOT and DLT procedures performed from January 2014 to December 2023 were analyzed. Results: The number of registrations was found to be correlated with the number of DLTs, with the coefficient of determination (R2) 0.962 and slope of the regression line (X coefficient) 0.407. The facility with the greatest number of registrations, with a registration-to-transplantation ratio of 0.353, was identified as an outlier (p < 0.05) and excluded from analysis. This exclusion increased both the correlation coefficient value to 0.986 and X coefficient value to 0.461. Conclusions: The present analysis showed that the number of DLTs was well correlated with number of registrations at each of the transplantation facilities. Both registration and transplantation numbers have increased in the recent decade. The facility with the highest number of registrations showed a lower registration-to-transplantation ratio, because the increase in registrations outpaced the number of transplantations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InoueTakashi en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChidaMasayuki en-aut-sei=Chida en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaYoshinori en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoMasaaki en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiHidemi en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Hidemi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoshikawaYasushi en-aut-sei=Hoshikawa en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Chen-YoshikawaToyofumi en-aut-sei=Chen-Yoshikawa en-aut-mei=Toyofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SintaniYasushi en-aut-sei=Sintani en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraishiTakeshi en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKeitaro en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Keitaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaSumiko en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Sumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery, The Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic, Breast and Pediatric Surgery, Fukuoka University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic, Breast and Pediatric Surgery, Fukuoka University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of General Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University kn-affil= en-keyword=lung transplantation kn-keyword=lung transplantation en-keyword=registration kn-keyword=registration en-keyword=registration-to-transplantation ratio kn-keyword=registration-to-transplantation ratio en-keyword=ransplantation center kn-keyword=ransplantation center END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260520 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Appropriate dose reduction using photon-counting detector CT for temporal bone imaging: phantom and clinical studies with helical acquisition en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: To determine the extent of possible dose reduction with photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) while maintaining image quality equivalent to that of energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT) images at standard dose in the temporal bone.
Materials and methods: PCD-CT and EID-CT imaging quality were compared by visual evaluation of clinical temporal bone images and visual scores with Welch’s t-test at standard dose. A head phantom was used to evaluate imaging quality under dose reduction. The detectability index (d’) of the PCD-CT images at various dose levels and the EID-CT images at standard dose was evaluated. Dose reduction limit with PCD-CT used in the subsequent clinical evaluation was determined as the lowest dose with image quality equal to or better than EID-CT. The clinical equivalence of PCD-CT image quality at the determined reduced dose to that with EID-CT at standard dose was evaluated using visual scores. Equivalence was determined if the 95% confidence intervals of differences did not exceed the equivalence margin of ±1.
Results: At standard doses, PCD-CT images demonstrated significantly higher visual scores than EID-CT images (3.73 vs. 2.56 for incudomalleolar joint, 3.75 vs. 2.63 for stapes, 3.54 vs. 2.52 for cochlea, and 3.58 vs. 2.46 for facial nerve canal; all P 0.001). In the phantom study, the d’ value was 0.15 with EID-CT at standard dose and was 0.12 and 0.17 with PCD-CT at 25% and 50% of the standard dose, respectively. Clinically, the mean visual scores of PCD-CT images at 50% of the standard dose were equivalent to EID-CT images at standard dose in all regions (3.58 vs. 3.12 for incudomalleolar joint, 3.46 vs. 3.19 for stapes, 3.50 vs. 3.08 for cochlea, 3.58 vs. 3.27 for facial nerve canal).
Conclusion: PCD-CT may preserve image quality even at 50% of the standard dose in the temporal bone. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiYuka en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigakiFumiyo en-aut-sei=Higaki en-aut-mei=Fumiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraYuko en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigakiToru en-aut-sei=Higaki en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugayaAkiko en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuhashiToshiharu en-aut-sei=Mitsuhashi en-aut-mei=Toshiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitayamaTakahiro en-aut-sei=Kitayama en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimitsuYusuke en-aut-sei=Morimitsu en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueTomohiro en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiNoriaki en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Noriaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiYusuke en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=AwaiKazuo en-aut-sei=Awai en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=PCD-CT kn-keyword=PCD-CT en-keyword=EID-CT kn-keyword=EID-CT en-keyword=Dose reduction kn-keyword=Dose reduction en-keyword=Temporal bone CT kn-keyword=Temporal bone CT en-keyword=Incudomalleolar joint kn-keyword=Incudomalleolar joint en-keyword=Stapes kn-keyword=Stapes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=e70136 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260305 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exogenous Glutathione and Nitric Oxide Improve Waterlogging Stress Tolerance in Maize en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the major grain crops worldwide that is particularly vulnerable to waterlogging (WL) stress. Glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) are known to protect plants from a variety of abiotic stresses; however, their potential for improving WL tolerance in maize remains unexplored. The present study examined the impact of exogenously applied GSH and NO on maize plants exposed to WL-stress. Our findings revealed that GSH?+?NO-treated waterlogged maize plants grew better and produced more biomass than only WL-stressed plants. The improved performance of GSH?+?NO-sprayed WL-stressed maize seedlings was supported by the increased root dry and fresh weight, shoot length, shoot dry and fresh weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid content. Exogenous GSH and NO treatments significantly enhanced the amounts of leaf proline, leaf soluble sugars, and total protein in maize seedlings, suggesting adaptive metabolic reprogramming under stress. The increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in maize leaves and roots revealed that WL caused significant oxidative damage. Exogenous GSH, NO individually, and combinedly significantly decreased total H2O2 and MDA contents in both leaves and roots. Exogenous GSH and NO reduced oxidative stress by increasing peroxidase activity, ascorbic acid, and anthocyanin content in maize leaf and root tissues. Our findings emphasize the possible relevance of GSH and NO, simultaneously and individually, in enhancing adaptive mechanisms in maize seedlings for reducing WL-induced damage. Although the GSH?+?NO-mediated approach shows promise for mitigating WL-stress in maize under controlled conditions, further field-based investigations are required to validate its practical applicability. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AngonProdipto Bishnu en-aut-sei=Angon en-aut-mei=Prodipto Bishnu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Tahjib‐Ul‐ArifMd. en-aut-sei=Tahjib‐Ul‐Arif en-aut-mei=Md. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=JahanMd. Sarwar en-aut-sei=Jahan en-aut-mei=Md. Sarwar kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasanMd. Mahadi en-aut-sei=Hasan en-aut-mei=Md. Mahadi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Applied Plant Biology and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Applied Plant Biology and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Applied Plant Biology and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Basic and Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=crop improvement kn-keyword=crop improvement en-keyword=glutathione kn-keyword=glutathione en-keyword=maize kn-keyword=maize en-keyword=nitric oxide kn-keyword=nitric oxide en-keyword=stress tolerance kn-keyword=stress tolerance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e113430 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Protocol for an open-label, randomised, controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sotatercept add-on therapy compared with pulmonary vasodilator-based standard of care for pulmonary vasodilator-resistant pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with unrepaired congenital shunts (atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect or patent ductus arteriosus), including Eisenmenger syndrome: the SuMILE trial en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Introduction Eisenmenger syndrome and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) due to unrepaired congenital shunts, including atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), remain life-threatening conditions despite advances in congenital heart disease (CHD) care. In this population, vasodilator-based therapies effective in other forms of PAH have shown limited benefit, and no disease-modifying treatment has been established. Sotatercept, an activin-signalling inhibitor, improved exercise capacity and haemodynamics in phase 2/3 PAH trials; however, patients with unrepaired CHD, including Eisenmenger syndrome, were excluded. The efficacy and safety of sotatercept in this population remain unknown.
Methods and analysis The SuMILE trial is a prospective, exploratory, multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled trial conducted at 11 Japanese tertiary centres. 36 adults with vasodilator-resistant PAH due to unrepaired ASD, VSD or PDA, including Eisenmenger syndrome, will be randomised 2:1 to sotatercept add-on therapy plus vasodilator-based PAH therapy versus vasodilator-based PAH therapy alone. Sotatercept will be administered subcutaneously every 3?weeks in accordance with label-approved dose-modification rules for haemoglobin and platelet changes. The primary endpoint is the change in 6-min walk distance from baseline to week 24. Key clinical events will be independently adjudicated. Secondary endpoints include all-cause mortality or lung transplantation; pulmonary hypertension-related hospitalisation or initiation of parenteral prostacyclin and changes in WHO functional class, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and emPHasis-10. Exploratory endpoints include genotype, right heart catheterisation and cardiac MRI parameters. The primary analysis will use ANCOVA, adjusting for baseline 6-min walk distance and randomisation stratum in the intention-to-treat population.
Ethics and dissemination The protocol has been reviewed and approved by the certified central review board (Kyushu University Hospital Clinical Ethics Review Board) and participating institutions. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, scientific conferences and trial registries.
Trial registration number Japan Registry of Clinical Trials no. 1071250069; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT07356778. Protocol version and date: V.1.3; 23 October 2025 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaKeimei en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Keimei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaKazuya en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraideTakahiro en-aut-sei=Hiraide en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkagiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=EjiriKentaro en-aut-sei=Ejiri en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiYu en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AdachiShiro en-aut-sei=Adachi en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=InamiTakumi en-aut-sei=Inami en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanishiNaohiko en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Naohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohTaijyu en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Taijyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TatebeShunsuke en-aut-sei=Tatebe en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinkeToshiro en-aut-sei=Shinke en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomitaHideshi en-aut-sei=Tomita en-aut-mei=Hideshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkazawaYusuke en-aut-sei=Akazawa en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigakiTakashi en-aut-sei=Higaki en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=TagawaKoshiro en-aut-sei=Tagawa en-aut-mei=Koshiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikitaAyako en-aut-sei=Ishikita en-aut-mei=Ayako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsakawaSoshun en-aut-sei=Asakawa en-aut-mei=Soshun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeKohtaro en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Kohtaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=The Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Medical Science and Innovation, SiRIUS Institute of Medical Research, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Periatric Heart Disease and Adult Congenital Heart Disease Center, Showa Medical University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Hypertension and Nephrology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Therapeutic and Developmental Education, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Kyushu University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=2247 end-page=2258 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Surface Plasmon Resonances in Silver Nanodendrites : Trunk Length and Branch Connectivity Dependence en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study systematically investigates how trunk length and branch connectivity govern surface plasmon resonances in silver nanodendrites in the infrared (IR) region using a computational modeling strategy. We show that a continuous conductive trunk is essential for exciting long-wavelength collective plasmon modes. In a simulated bottom-up construction scheme, the trunk length is gradually increased to conductively connect additional branches to the backbone. Our results reveal that the fundamental δ mode resonance can be deterministically tuned across the mid-infrared spectrum (from 3840 nm to 4360 nm) primarily by controlling the trunk connectivity. As the number of connected branches grows, the lowest-order collective resonance peak exhibits a systematic redshift, and its resonance wavelength scales linearly with the effective dipole length Leff of the electron oscillation path. Concurrently, new higher-order modes emerge as local resonances of the connected substructures. These observations indicate that interrupting the conductive pathway causes a global collective mode to decompose into multiple resonances associated with more weakly coupled subsystems. The established linear scaling relationship provides a highly predictable design rule for this “programmable” connectivity, offering a robust platform for advanced applications such as multi-spectral infrared imaging, selective chemical sensing, and surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy, where precise, a priori control over narrow-band infrared resonances is essential. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MaQingyuan en-aut-sei=Ma en-aut-mei=Qingyuan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishidaYuki en-aut-sei=Kishida en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeyasuNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Takeyasu en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShojiSatoru en-aut-sei=Shoji en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-communications kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-communications kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-communications kn-affil= en-keyword=Silver nanodendrites kn-keyword=Silver nanodendrites en-keyword=Surface plasmon resonances kn-keyword=Surface plasmon resonances en-keyword=Conductive coupling kn-keyword=Conductive coupling en-keyword=Topological connectivity kn-keyword=Topological connectivity en-keyword=Infrared nanoantennas kn-keyword=Infrared nanoantennas en-keyword=Plasmonic metamaterials kn-keyword=Plasmonic metamaterials END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=209 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=117914 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=PPy-coated wire actuators for micromechanostimulation of cells ? identification of immediate-early responsive mechanoregulatory genes in osteoblasts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mechanotransduction, i.e., the conversion of mechanical cues into biochemical signals, is essential for bone development, remodeling, and adaptation. Although mechanical loading is known to regulate osteoblast function and bone homeostasis, dissecting the early and sustained mechanotransductive responses at the microscale remains challenging due to limitations of existing in vitro models. Here, we report the development and application of a mechanostimulation system comprising a polypyrrole (PPy)-based wire actuator that expands and contracts (4 μm in radius) upon electrical actuation and enables precise, localized micromechanical stimulation of a small number of cells within standard culture formats. Using this system, we applied short-term (30 min) cyclic (Cyc30) or static (Stat30), as well as prolonged (120 min) cyclic (Cyc120) stimulations to two osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1 or KUSA-A1). Subsequent transcriptomic profiling and computational network analyses revealed that Cyc30 was not capable of inducing significant changes in mRNA expression, suggesting cellular adaptation to short-term cyclic loading. In contrast, Stat30 induced the upregulation of Fos, Btg2, Egr1, and Fosl1, all known genes associated with mechanotransduction, supporting the validity and reproducibility of our experimental mechanostimulation system. Notably, two long non-coding RNAs (B930036N10Rik and 5430431A17Rik) were identified for the first time as being upregulated in response to Stat30 stimuli. Among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upregulated by Cyc120 stimuli, Hmox1, a stress-inducible enzyme known for its roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and promoting survival, was the only DEG repeatedly observed across the Cyc30/Cyc120 and Stat30/Cyc120 comparisons in both cell types, potentially emerging as a key stress-response gene under prolonged mechanical loading. Collectively, these results establish the PPy-based microactuator as a powerful tool for microscale mechanobiology, and provide molecular insight into immediate-early responsive transcriptional programs underlying osteoblastic mechanoadaptation conserved across different cell types. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChenJiamin en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Jiamin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ortega-SantosAmaia B. en-aut-sei=Ortega-Santos en-aut-mei=Amaia B. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayanoSatoru en-aut-sei=Hayano en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangZiyi en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ziyi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MartinezJose G. en-aut-sei=Martinez en-aut-mei=Jose G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraEmilio Satoshi en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Emilio Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=JagerEdwin W.H. en-aut-sei=Jager en-aut-mei=Edwin W.H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Link?ping University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Link?ping University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Advanced International and Information Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Link?ping University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Mechanotransduction kn-keyword=Mechanotransduction en-keyword=Mechanostimulation kn-keyword=Mechanostimulation en-keyword=Osteoblasts kn-keyword=Osteoblasts en-keyword=Polypyrrole kn-keyword=Polypyrrole END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260512 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of caffeine on life-history traits on the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nowadays, addressing insect pest infestation effectively requires environmentally sound and sustainable pest control methods that minimize environmental pollution. Caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine), a plant-derived secondary metabolite, has insecticidal, hormonal and antifeedant properties, making it a promising and more sustainable alternative for pest management. In this study, the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), a serious stored pest, was used to investigate the effects of different caffeine concentrations on life-history traits. We applied two delivery methods: 1) oral exposure through a caffeine?sucrose solution for adults, and 2) dietary incorporation of caffeine powder mixed with wheat flour and brewer’s yeast for adults and their larvae. To evaluate the effect of caffeine on life-history traits, adult longevity, pupation rate, larval period, pupal weight, adult body size and food consumption were examined. Results revealed higher caffeine concentrations (>?1%) significantly reduced longevity, delayed pupation, decreased pupal number, pupal weight and adult body size in both males and females. Lower caffeine concentration (0.01%) increased pupal number but resulted in lower offspring quality, such as smaller pupal weight and adult size. The results show that caffeine has negative effects on life-history traits of T. castaneum, suggesting its potential use as a natural pesticide in caffeine-based sustainable pest-management programs and integrated pest management (IPM). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaingShine Shane en-aut-sei=Naing en-aut-mei=Shine Shane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuuraTeruhisa en-aut-sei=Matsuura en-aut-mei=Teruhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyatakeTakahisa en-aut-sei=Miyatake en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University (Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology) kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University (Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology) kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University (Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology) kn-affil= en-keyword=Insect growth kn-keyword=Insect growth en-keyword=Life-history trait kn-keyword=Life-history trait en-keyword=Longevity kn-keyword=Longevity en-keyword=Pupal weight kn-keyword=Pupal weight en-keyword=Body size kn-keyword=Body size END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=3621 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Long-Term Outcomes of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Gallbladder Drainage for Acute Cholecystitis in Non-Surgical Candidates: A Multicenter Retrospective Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background/Objectives: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage (EUS-GBD) is a minimally invasive alternative for managing acute cholecystitis in patients who are unsuitable for surgery. Although its short-term efficacy is well-established, its long-term outcomes, especially in patients with malignancy-associated cholecystitis, remain unclear. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included 139 patients who underwent EUS-GBD with a plastic stent for inoperable acute cholecystitis between January 2010 and October 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: a malignant group (n = 60) with cystic duct obstruction caused by cancer invasion or self-expandable metal stents, and a benign group (n = 79) with calculous or acalculous cholecystitis. The outcomes assessed included cholecystitis recurrence, time to recurrence, adverse events, and risk factors for recurrence. Results: Technical success was achieved in all patients, with an overall clinical success rate of 94.6%. Cholecystitis recurred significantly more frequently in the malignant group than in the benign group (13.3% vs. 2.5%; p = 0.015). Univariate analysis identified malignancy as a significant risk factor of recurrence (odds ratio, 5.92; p = 0.028). Conclusions: EUS-GBD is a safe and effective long-term treatment for cholecystitis in non-surgical candidates. However, malignancy-associated cholecystitis carries a high risk of recurrence, warranting careful follow-up and individualized management. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaradaKei en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoKazuya en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimotoKosaku en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei=Kosaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UetaEijiro en-aut-sei=Ueta en-aut-mei=Eijiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkimotoYutaka en-aut-sei=Akimoto en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HattoriNao en-aut-sei=Hattori en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObataTaisuke en-aut-sei=Obata en-aut-mei=Taisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoRyosuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumiAkihiro en-aut-sei=Matsumi en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerasawaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Terasawa en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiYuki en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriguchiShigeru en-aut-sei=Horiguchi en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsutsumiKoichiro en-aut-sei=Tsutsumi en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, National Organization Iwakuni Clinical Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=cholecystitis kn-keyword=cholecystitis en-keyword=drainage kn-keyword=drainage en-keyword=endosonography kn-keyword=endosonography en-keyword=gallbladder kn-keyword=gallbladder END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=367 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=199724 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mycoviruses diversity in the black k?ji mold, Aspergillus luchuensis (section Nigri) isolated from liquor-production environments in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Some fungal species in the genus Aspergillus are economically important due to their role in the production of liquors and various foods; however, their viromes, which may affect their performance, remain unexplored. Therefore, this study examined the viromes of nine strains of Aspergillus luchuensis (section Nigri), the black k?ji mold used in the production of shochu (a traditional Japanese liquor) in Japan. It identified virus-like sequences related to alterna-, partiti-, curvula, botourmia-, narna-like, and umbra-like viruses. Some sequences appear to represent new variants (e.g., alterna- and gammapartitiviruses), while many others correspond to novel viral species within established or proposed mycoviral families. All A. luchuensis strains harbored multiple virus infections, with 2 to 7 viruses per strain. Three alternavirus strains with four-segmented double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genomes were confirmed, along with minor variants co-present with the predominant strains. Notably, a gammapartitivirus appears to have two additional dsRNA genome segments, along with two satellite-like short dsRNA segments in some fungal isolates. Furthermore, at least five short RNAs (0.48?1.31 kb) were identified, three of which are possibly satellite-like RNAs associated with novel single-stranded RNA viruses (botourmia- and umbra-like viruses). These findings reveal the great diversity of mycoviruses in A. luchuensis populations and lay the foundation for further investigation into their impact on fungal phenotypes and liquor production. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KondoHideki en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NanajiMisaki en-aut-sei=Nanaji en-aut-mei=Misaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaharaHitomi en-aut-sei=Sugahara en-aut-mei=Hitomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaMiki en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Miki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndikaIda Bagus en-aut-sei=Andika en-aut-mei=Ida Bagus kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FumihiroFujimori en-aut-sei=Fumihiro en-aut-mei=Fujimori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Tokyo Kasei University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Northwest A&F University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Graduate School of Tokyo Kasei University kn-affil= en-keyword=Aspergillus luchuensis kn-keyword=Aspergillus luchuensis en-keyword=Section Nigri kn-keyword=Section Nigri en-keyword=Mycovirus kn-keyword=Mycovirus en-keyword=RNA-seq kn-keyword=RNA-seq en-keyword=Virus population kn-keyword=Virus population en-keyword=Genome segment kn-keyword=Genome segment en-keyword=Fermentation kn-keyword=Fermentation en-keyword=Island kn-keyword=Island END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=185 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=391 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260513 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Drug-induced sarcoidosis-like reaction following IL-4/IL-13 receptor blockade by dupilumab en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purpose of the study is to review reported cases of dupilumab-associated drug-induced sarcoidosis-like reaction (DISR) and consider possible immunologic mechanisms. This short review aims to raise awareness of dupilumab-associated DISR and discuss safety considerations in pediatric patients.
Conclusion: Dupilumab is a human monoclonal antibody that reduces inflammation driven by T helper 2 (Th2) cells and is used to treat type 2 inflammatory disorders, including atopic dermatitis. The most common adverse reactions during the first year of treatment are local reactions at the injection site, conjunctivitis, and headache. Although DISR is rare, it has been documented in dupilumab-treated patients. We hypothesized that dupilumab shifts the Th1/Th2 equilibrium toward Th1 and granulomatous inflammation, which may present as DISR. We identified and reviewed 10 recently reported DISR cases and observed that reported features of DISR?including uveitis, optic neuritis and meningoencephalitis, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, and histopathologically noncaseating granulomas?can mimic systemic sarcoidosis. Discontinuation of dupilumab resulted in favorable outcomes in most reported DISR cases; however, symptoms worsened in some cases and sequelae became a concern. Case reports of DISR have so far been limited to adults or adolescents, but awareness of potential adverse effects of dupilumab remains important in pediatric patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YasuiKozo en-aut-sei=Yasui en-aut-mei=Kozo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YashiroMasato en-aut-sei=Yashiro en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Okayama University Hospital Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=Dupilumab kn-keyword=Dupilumab en-keyword=Sarcoidosis kn-keyword=Sarcoidosis en-keyword=IL-4 kn-keyword=IL-4 en-keyword=IL-13 kn-keyword=IL-13 en-keyword=Th1-Th2 balance kn-keyword=Th1-Th2 balance END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260511 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Comparative study of Ni?CeO2 catalysts prepared by impregnation and coprecipitation for CO2 methanation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study explores how synthesis methods affect the structure and CO2 methanation performance of Ni?CeO2 catalysts prepared by coprecipitation and impregnation under identical conditions. Coprecipitation generated particles below 100 nm with uniform elemental distribution, together with large bulk-like particles exhibiting locally concentrated Ni species, attributed to differences in hydroxide solubility. Impregnation, by contrast, produced very large particles (>?500 nm) with smaller particles attached, while maintaining relatively homogeneous elemental distribution. Coprecipitated catalysts showed slightly higher surface area and oxygen vacancy concentration, resulting in higher apparent turnover frequencies (TOFapp) below 300 °C due to enhanced CO2 adsorption and high Ni site density. However, at temperatures above 350 °C, impregnated catalysts displayed higher CH4 selectivity and TOFapp, indicating reduced kinetic limitations and more efficient active-site utilization. These results provide insights for rational design of efficient CO2 methanation catalysts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaNobuko en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Nobuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImanoShuichi en-aut-sei=Imano en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaharaNozomi en-aut-sei=Nakahara en-aut-mei=Nozomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=687 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=120087 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Phase diagram of Fe-C-S ternary system under planetary core conditions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=High-pressure, high-temperature experiments were conducted to investigate melting relations and phase assemblages in the Fe-C-S ternary system at 5 and 15 GPa, covering a temperature range of 1300?1900 K, conditions directly relevant to the Moon’s and Mercury’s cores. At 1300 K, the system is primarily governed by Fe-S eutectic melting, exhibiting notable complexity in the carbon-rich and sulfur-poor regions. With increasing temperature, the phase diagram simplifies: at 5 GPa and 1700 K, the Fe-Fe?C-FeS system features three regions (Fe+L, C + L, and L). Similar phase assemblages are observed at 15 GPa, with Fe7C3 and diamond replacing Fe3C and graphite, respectively. Extensive Fe+L, C + L, and L regions are observed at 1900 K.
For a Moon’s core composed of a Fe-C-S alloy, nearly pure Fe is the only viable inner core phase above 1700 K. Below this temperature, both Fe and Fe?C are potential solid inner core phases, depending on carbon content; a two-phase solid inner core is also theoretically possible. The inferred compositions of the outer core suggest densities of 6200?7300 kg/m?, with tighter constraints for models featuring an Fe?C core.
At Mercury-relevant pressures, either Fe or Fe?C? may form the solid inner core, again depending on carbon content. If the inner core is nearly pure Fe, the liquid outer core density ranges from 7300 to 7900 kg/m?. In both scenarios, a “snow” regime is plausible, though with distinct settling times. The ternary phase diagram indicates that Mercury is likely to develop a structurally layered inner core during secular cooling.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhaoBin en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Bin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhuJintao en-aut-sei=Zhu en-aut-mei=Jintao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AntonangeliDaniele en-aut-sei=Antonangeli en-aut-mei=Daniele kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorardGuillaume en-aut-sei=Morard en-aut-mei=Guillaume kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenQi en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Qi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoTakashi en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Mus?um National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universit?, UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Min?ralogie, de Physique des Mat?riaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Mus?um National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universit?, UMR CNRS 7590, Institut de Min?ralogie, de Physique des Mat?riaux et de Cosmochimie, IMPMC kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=planetary core kn-keyword=planetary core en-keyword=phase diagram kn-keyword=phase diagram en-keyword=multi-anvil experiments kn-keyword=multi-anvil experiments en-keyword=iron alloy kn-keyword=iron alloy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=14 article-no= start-page=6176 end-page=6185 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260401 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Reversible Droplet Bridging and Tunable Viscoelasticity in Emulsions Using Biocompatible PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA Telechelic Block Copolymers: Implications for Injectable Emulsion Gels en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Telechelic polymers are known to form reversible networks through end-group association; however, their application as structuring agents in emulsion-based soft materials remains underexplored. Herein, we systematically investigate the biocompatible amphiphilic triblock copolymer poly(d,l-lactic acid)-block-poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(d,l-lactic acid)(PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA) as a rheology modifier in toluene-in-water model emulsions. Owing to the selective adsorption of PLA end blocks at the oil?water interface and the solvation of the PEO midblock in the aqueous phase, this polymer is expected to form reversible droplet-bridging networks. During the process, the polymer concentration, molecular weight of the mid and end blocks, and the dispersed phase volume fraction were adjusted, and the factors governing network formation were elucidated using oscillatory rheology and stress-relaxation measurements. The results show that anchoring of the PLA end blocks and PEO-mediated bridging predominantly control the strength and dynamic reversibility of the network. Step-strain experiments further reveal that the droplet-bridging interactions can be disrupted under large deformation and partially recover when small-strain conditions are restored, confirming the presence of reversible physical associations. These findings establish a molecular design strategy for biodegradable telechelic copolymers as effective and reprocessable structuring agents in emulsion gels. The shear-responsive, tunable, and reversible nature of the droplet-bridging network makes this material platform particularly suitable for injectable emulsion gels for advanced soft matter and biomedical engineering applications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakayamaHinako en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Hinako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoAtsushi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaYuya en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Yuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA kn-keyword=PLA-b-PEO-b-PLA en-keyword=telechelic polymer kn-keyword=telechelic polymer en-keyword=rheology kn-keyword=rheology en-keyword=emulsion gel kn-keyword=emulsion gel en-keyword=viscoelasticity kn-keyword=viscoelasticity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=e2025GL121619 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Apollo 17 Lunar Surface Gravimeter as a Seismometer: Relocating Shallow‐Moonquake Sources and Implications for Source Mechanism en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Among the reported seismic events on the Moon, shallow moonquakes are known for their unique features, such as high-frequency energy excitation, similarity to intraplate earthquakes, and the largest energy release of all reported moonquakes. Despite these interesting features, a small number of samples (<80 events) and sparse seismic network observations prevented us from gaining an in-depth understanding of shallow moonquakes. In this study, by using the Apollo 17 gravimeter as a pseudo-seismometer, we extend the Apollo lunar seismic network and located a few shallow moonquakes more accurately. In addition, comparing the located shallow-moonquake epicenters with surface/subsurface geological features indicates that at least one event may be better explained by deep-seated faults within the crust. Along with a previous demonstration of low-frequency moonquakes, our analysis of high-frequency events shows that the Apollo 17 gravimeter can serve as a seismometer over a broader frequency range than previously considered. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OnoderaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Onodera en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraTaichi en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Taichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Universit? Paris Cit? kn-affil= en-keyword=Moon kn-keyword=Moon en-keyword=lunar seismology kn-keyword=lunar seismology en-keyword=tectonism kn-keyword=tectonism en-keyword=moonquake kn-keyword=moonquake END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=83 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=16255 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260422 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clinical Utility of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Titers in the Management of Patients With Long COVID Infected With the Omicron Variant en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Long COVID (LC) presents persistent symptoms that pose a major clinical challenge. Identification of reliable biomarkers to evaluate LC pathophysiology is needed.
Objectives: To investigate whether serum S- and N-antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins reflect the clinical features of LC.
Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients diagnosed with Omicron variant-related LC who attended a post-COVID-19 outpatient clinic between July 2023 and November 2024 and provided informed consent for antibody testing.
Results: Among 275 patients (129 men and 146 women), 57 (21%) were unvaccinated. Median S- and N-antibody titers in vaccinated versus unvaccinated patients were 20,963 U/mL and 24.8 cut-off index (COI) versus 24 U/mL and 44.5 COI, respectively. S-antibody titers were associated with the number of vaccine doses received, whereas N-antibody titers correlated with disease severity during the acute phase of COVID-19 infection, with females having higher titers by multivariable analysis. N-antibody titers in unvaccinated patients with LC were negatively correlated with time interval from infection to clinic visit, with an estimated daily decline of 0.34% in measured N-antibody levels. Patients with LC having memory impairment had low S-antibody titers by multivariable logistic regression analysis, and low S-antibody levels were associated with reduced quality of life (QOL). Additionally, N-antibody titers positively correlated with lymphocyte counts and immunoglobulin levels.
Conclusion: Serum N-antibody titers reflect immune responses to COVID-19, although they are affected by gender differences and interval between infection and evaluation. Lower S-antibody titers were associated with brain fog symptoms and reduced QOL in patients with LC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaguchiMarina en-aut-sei=Kawaguchi en-aut-mei=Marina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuradaYasue en-aut-sei=Sakurada en-aut-mei=Yasue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki en-aut-sei=Tokumasu en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaYui en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Yui kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmuraDaisuke en-aut-sei=Omura en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsukiNobuyoshi en-aut-sei=Matsuki en-aut-mei=Nobuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurukawaMasanori en-aut-sei=Furukawa en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashikageAkihito en-aut-sei=Higashikage en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Laboratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=brain fog kn-keyword=brain fog en-keyword=COVID-19 kn-keyword=COVID-19 en-keyword=long COVID kn-keyword=long COVID en-keyword=Omicron variants kn-keyword=Omicron variants en-keyword=SARS-CoV-2 antibodies kn-keyword=SARS-CoV-2 antibodies END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e23328 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260418 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Turning Unpredictable Biomolecule Adsorption to Controlled Corona Formation: Focus on Carbon Nanomaterials en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With unique optical and physicochemical properties, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), including carbon nanotubes, graphene-related materials, nanodiamonds, and carbon dots, are extensively explored as platforms for cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, in biofluids, CNMs spontaneously adsorb biomolecules to form an unpredictable corona, obstructing the implementation of their designed functions. In this review, we summarize how the intrinsic and acquired properties of CNMs affect protein corona formation, and the consequent biological and toxicological outcomes, as well as strategies to reshape the composition and structural organization of adsorbed proteins. This comprehensive knowledge will provide insights into developing CNMs with tailored corona and requested functions in cancer nanomedicine, advancing their translations into clinics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZouYajuan en-aut-sei=Zou en-aut-mei=Yajuan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HuYalei en-aut-sei=Hu en-aut-mei=Yalei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuJie en-aut-sei=Yu en-aut-mei=Jie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomatsuNaoki en-aut-sei=Komatsu en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaYuta en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=BiancoAlberto en-aut-sei=Bianco en-aut-mei=Alberto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=CNRS, Immunology Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry University of Strasbourg ISIS kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=carbondots kn-keyword=carbondots en-keyword=carbonnanotubes kn-keyword=carbonnanotubes en-keyword=graphene kn-keyword=graphene en-keyword=nanodiamonds kn-keyword=nanodiamonds en-keyword=proteins kn-keyword=proteins END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260506 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Feasibility of Comprehensive Genomic Profiling for Biliary Tract Cancer Using Transpapillary Biopsy Samples: A Prospective Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC) often have actionable mutations, and comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) plays an important role. However, the feasibility of CGP using transpapillary biopsy (TPB) samples remains unclear.
Methods: Thirty patients with suspected BTC based on radiographic imaging were enrolled. Pre-analytical criteria for CGP suitability were based on the OncoGuide NCC Oncopanel System (NCCOP) and FoundationOne CDx (F1CDx). Each patient underwent six biopsies using an endoscopic introducer: five biopsy samples were preserved as formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples and one as a fresh frozen (FF) sample. DNA quality indicators were compared between the two groups.
Results: Malignancy was confirmed in 29 patients, and one had a benign biliary stricture. Suitability rate was 31% (9/29) for NCCOP and 3.4% (1/29) for F1CDx. Compared to FFPE samples, FF samples demonstrated significantly higher DNA concentration [ng/μL, interquartile range (IQR)], [0.34 (0.16?0.95) vs. 37.8 (11.6?67.6), p? Conclusions: Introducer-assisted multipass TPB may increase the rate of obtaining adequate CGP specimens, but its suitability remains limited and strongly panel dependent. Since FF samples have better DNA quality, establishing a system detailing their use is desirable.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: UMIN 000049826 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyamotoKazuya en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OharaToshiaki en-aut-sei=Ohara en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueHirohumi en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Hirohumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoRyosuke en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Ryosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumiAkihiro en-aut-sei=Matsumi en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiYuki en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaDaisuke en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaMotoyuki en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Motoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Medical Support, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=biliary tract cancer kn-keyword=biliary tract cancer en-keyword=biopsy kn-keyword=biopsy en-keyword=DNA kn-keyword=DNA en-keyword=endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography kn-keyword=endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography en-keyword=genetic profile kn-keyword=genetic profile END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=e2026GC012945 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Chemical Geodynamics of Granitoid Magmatism During a Pacific‐Philippine Sea Plate Transition in Southwest Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Granitoid magmatism along the western Pacific margin records interactions between subduction dynamics and crust?mantle processes; however, the links between plate reorganization and magma-source evolution remain debated. Here we integrate U?Pb zircon geochronology with Pb?Sr?Nd?Hf isotope systematics to investigate Cretaceous?Paleogene granitoids in Southwest Japan. Zircon U?Pb ages define two discrete magmatic episodes at 110?60 Ma and 45?30 Ma, separated by a magmatic hiatus of ?10?15 Myr. These granitoid groups exhibit distinct isotopic signatures, indicating derivation from isotopically distinct magma sources linked to the paleo-Pacific (Izanagi) plate and the Philippine Sea plate, respectively. Isotope-based mass-balance modeling indicates higher sediment contributions to the older granitoids, with decreasing sediment input both landward and through time. The magmatic lull at ca. 52?40 Ma coincides with an abrupt isotopic shift and is interpreted to reflect plate reorganization, during which subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate was replaced by a transform or highly oblique plate boundary associated with the northward migration of the proto?Philippine Sea plate. Independent constraints from convergence rates, sediment flux, and accretionary complex development support this interpretation. These results demonstrate that granitoid magmatism in Southwest Japan was fundamentally controlled by temporal changes in subducted lithosphere and sediment flux driven by plate reorganization, highlighting the sensitivity of arc magmatism to transient tectonic regimes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DaoNghiem V. en-aut-sei=Dao en-aut-mei=Nghiem V. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YemerTsegereda A. en-aut-sei=Yemer en-aut-mei=Tsegereda A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MwaisubaTulibako T. en-aut-sei=Mwaisuba en-aut-mei=Tulibako T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaguchiChie en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Chie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitagawaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiKatsura en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Katsura kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaokaTeruyoshi en-aut-sei=Imaoka en-aut-mei=Teruyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraEizo en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Eizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University at Misasa kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University at Misasa kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University at Misasa kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University at Misasa kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University at Misasa kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University at Misasa kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Division of Earth Science, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University at Misasa kn-affil= en-keyword=granitoids kn-keyword=granitoids en-keyword=Pb?Sr?Nd?Hf isotopes kn-keyword=Pb?Sr?Nd?Hf isotopes en-keyword=Pacific-Philippine Sea plates kn-keyword=Pacific-Philippine Sea plates en-keyword=sub-crustal origin kn-keyword=sub-crustal origin en-keyword=tectonic transition kn-keyword=tectonic transition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=e70187 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Type III CD38 is present in the membrane of neurosecretory vesicles and has a cytosol-facing catalytic domain in primate oxytocin neurons en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=CD38, an ADP-ribosyl cyclase that generates cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), is essential for Ca2+-dependent oxytocin release. However, its subcellular localisation and membrane topology within oxytocin neurones have remained unclear. We investigated the distribution and orientation of CD38 in oxytocin-producing neurones of Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) using immunoelectron microscopy combined with biochemical isolation of neurosecretory vesicles (NSVs). CD38 immunoreactivity was selectively detected on oxytocin-containing NSVs in axon terminals in the posterior pituitary and dendrites of the supraoptic nucleus, whereas vasopressin vesicles and the plasma membrane lacked detectable labelling. Cryo-electron microscopy confirmed the structural integrity of purified NSV fractions, and Western blotting verified the presence of CD38 protein within these fractions. Permeabilisation-dependent immunogold labelling further demonstrated that the NSV membrane localisation of CD38 and that the N-terminal region of CD38 is oriented toward the vesicle lumen, consistent with a type III membrane topology in which the catalytic domain faces the cytosol. This arrangement positions the active site near cytosolic NAD+, enabling localised cADPR production adjacent to Ca2+-mobilising channels that support regulated exocytosis. These findings identify, in primate oxytocin neurones, a previously unrecognised, vesicle-associated pool of CD38 with a cytosol-facing catalytic domain and provide a structural framework for understanding how intracellular type III CD38 contributes to neuropeptide release. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyamotoTatsuki en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushimaAkari en-aut-sei=Matsushima en-aut-mei=Akari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtuboAkito en-aut-sei=Otubo en-aut-mei=Akito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SongChihong en-aut-sei=Song en-aut-mei=Chihong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataKazuyoshi en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtiTakumi en-aut-sei=Oti en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoHirotaka en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=CD38 kn-keyword=CD38 en-keyword=cyclic ADP-ribose kn-keyword=cyclic ADP-ribose en-keyword=membrane topology kn-keyword=membrane topology en-keyword=neurosecretory vesicles kn-keyword=neurosecretory vesicles en-keyword=oxytocin kn-keyword=oxytocin END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e70554 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202603 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Atypical Surgical Case of Lung Cancer With Unilateral Absence of the Pulmonary Artery, With Only the Superior Branch Remaining en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A 69-year-old woman was referred to our department for an abnormal shadow on chest radiography. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a solid nodule in the right lower lobe and defects in the branches of the middle and lower lobes of the pulmonary artery (PA). Furthermore, collateral circulation had developed via the right internal thoracic, bronchial, intercostal, inferior phrenic, and subdiaphragmatic arteries. The solid nodule was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma by CT-guided biopsy. The day before surgery, embolization was performed using interventional radiology (IVR) to mitigate the risk of bleeding during thoracotomy, resulting in minimal intraoperative bleeding during the subsequent right middle and lower lobectomies with lymph node dissection (ND2a-1). UAPA is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis. The presence of recurrent infections, extensive intrathoracic adhesions, and developed collateral circulation may pose challenges during surgical procedures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkadaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaShin en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RyukoTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Ryuko en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomiokaYasuaki en-aut-sei=Tomioka en-aut-mei=Yasuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShienKazuhiko en-aut-sei=Shien en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzawaKen en-aut-sei=Suzawa en-aut-mei=Ken kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiKentaroh en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Kentaroh kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiMikio en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Mikio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoSeiichiro en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Seiichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi en-aut-sei=Toyooka en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=interventional radiology kn-keyword=interventional radiology en-keyword=lung cancer kn-keyword=lung cancer en-keyword=unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery kn-keyword=unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=000016 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260504 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cryogenic buffer gas beam source with in situ ablation target replacement en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The design and performance of a cryogenic buffer gas beam source with a load-lock system is presented. The third generation of advanced cold molecule electric dipole moment search (ACME III) uses this source to produce a beam of cold, slow thorium monoxide (ThO) molecules. A feature of the apparatus is the capability of replacing the ablation targets without interrupting the vacuum or cryogenic conditions, thus increasing the average signal in the eEDM search. The beam source produces 1.3×1011 ground-state ThO molecules per pulse on average, with rotational temperature of 4.8K, molecular beam solid angle of 0.31sr, and forward velocity of 200ms?1, parameters that are consistent with the performance of a traditional source (without a load lock) requiring time-consuming thermal cycles for target replacement. Long-term yield improvement of ?40% is achieved when the load-lock system is employed to replace targets every two weeks. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HanZhen en-aut-sei=Han en-aut-mei=Zhen kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LasnerZack en-aut-sei=Lasner en-aut-mei=Zack kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DiverCollin en-aut-sei=Diver en-aut-mei=Collin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HuPeiran en-aut-sei=Hu en-aut-mei=Peiran kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaTakahiko en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Takahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=WuXing en-aut-sei=Wu en-aut-mei=Xing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramotoAyami en-aut-sei=Hiramoto en-aut-mei=Ayami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=WattsMaya en-aut-sei=Watts en-aut-mei=Maya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=UetakeSatoshi en-aut-sei=Uetake en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimuraKoji en-aut-sei=Yoshimura en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FanXing en-aut-sei=Fan en-aut-mei=Xing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=GabrielseGerald en-aut-sei=Gabrielse en-aut-mei=Gerald kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=DoyleJohn M. en-aut-sei=Doyle en-aut-mei=John M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=DeMilleDavid en-aut-sei=DeMille en-aut-mei=David kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physics, Harvard University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Fundamental Physics, Northwestern University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Chicago kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Center for Fundamental Physics, Northwestern University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Physics, Harvard University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Fundamental Physics, Northwestern University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Physics, Harvard University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Chicago kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260426 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Counterion condensation, ion pairing and scattering properties of carboxymethyl cellulose with mono- and di-valent ions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We study the scattering and conductometric properties of a semiflexible polyelectrolyte, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), with monovalent and divalent counterions in aqueous media without added salts. The scattering patterns for the magnesium salts of CMC display a broad shoulder instead of the scattering peak observed for the monovalent salts. This suggests weaker electrostatic repulsion between chains and a consequent loss of local order. The result is consistent with conductivity measurements, which reveal that the effective charge of the backbone for MgCMC is approximately half that of NaCMC. The decrease in charge density agrees with Oosawa?Manning condensation, which expects the charge density to be inversely proportional to the counterion valence. Alkali metal counterions show large differences in ion-pair formation but only a weak effect in counterion condensation. We suggest that paired ions are a subset of condensed ions. A review of different methods to evaluate counterion condensation, including potentiometry, osmometry and viscosity-based methods is presented. Qualitative agreement between these methods is found and possible reasons for the discrepancies are discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GharehTapehElmira Abbasi en-aut-sei=GharehTapeh en-aut-mei=Elmira Abbasi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorkayFerenc en-aut-sei=Horkay en-aut-mei=Ferenc kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HouCan en-aut-sei=Hou en-aut-mei=Can kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LopezCarlos G. en-aut-sei=Lopez en-aut-mei=Carlos G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HohenschutzMax en-aut-sei=Hohenschutz en-aut-mei=Max kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Materials Science and Engineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Materials Science and Engineering Department, The Pennsylvania State University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University kn-affil= en-keyword=Polyelectrolyte kn-keyword=Polyelectrolyte en-keyword=Counterion condensation kn-keyword=Counterion condensation en-keyword=Carboxymethyl cellulose kn-keyword=Carboxymethyl cellulose en-keyword=SAXS kn-keyword=SAXS en-keyword=Conductivity kn-keyword=Conductivity en-keyword=Ion pairing kn-keyword=Ion pairing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=53 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Japanese Students’ Engagement with a Social Language Learning Space: Awareness, Anxiety, and Participation at L-caf? en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangJingzhou en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Jingzhou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科博士後期課程 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=131 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=e2025JE009453 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Lateral Variations in Lunar Crustal Thickness Inferred From Apollo Seismic and GRAIL Gravity Data en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The internal structure of the Moon is key to understanding its formation, evolution, and bulk composition. In particular, determining the structure of the crust?mantle interface (Moho), including its lateral variations, is of significant importance, but current knowledge is still insufficient to fully constrain it. To address this, we used seismic wave arrivals from impact events, which yield constraints on the crust at both the impact sites and the Apollo stations, to invert for local crustal thickness. Based on a series of assumed crust and mantle density models, we compared Moho depths inferred from global gravity recovery and interior laboratory gravity data with those from seismic observations. Although the gravity‐derived results broadly capture the overall Moho relief, local discrepancies remain, with differences reaching up to 10 km in the vicinity of the Apollo 17 Saturn IVB impact site. These results may reflect regional geological anomalies and highlight the importance of incorporating multiple seismically constrained crustal thickness estimates as anchors in gravity inversions. Using seven seismic anchor points and assuming an upper mantle velocity of Vp = 7.68 km/ s, an upper mantle density of 3,280 kg/m3, and a crustal density of 2,693 kg/m3, we obtain an average lunar crustal thickness of 43.6 ± 1.9 km. The findings also provide valuable guidance for future global 3D modeling of the Moon. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ZhangXiang en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Xiang kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraTaichi en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Taichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DrilleauM?lanie en-aut-sei=Drilleau en-aut-mei=M?lanie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Lognonn?Philippe en-aut-sei=Lognonn? en-aut-mei=Philippe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HenriSamuel en-aut-sei=Henri en-aut-mei=Samuel kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=XuZongbo en-aut-sei=Xu en-aut-mei=Zongbo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoderaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Onodera en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=BodinThomas en-aut-sei=Bodin en-aut-mei=Thomas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Universit? Paris Cit?, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Universit? Paris Cit?, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Universit? Paris Cit?, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Universit? Paris Cit?, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Universit? Paris Cit?, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Universit? Paris Cit?, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (ICM)?CSIC kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260429 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=CDPKs as Ca2+ signaling decoders in guard cell signaling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Stomatal movements are essential for balancing photosynthetic carbon dioxide uptake with water conservation and defense against pathogens. These processes are controlled by complex signaling networks in guard cells, in which calcium ions (Ca2+) act as a ubiquitous second messenger. Although stimulus-specific Ca2+ signatures have been well documented, how these signals are decoded into distinct physiological responses remains a central question in plant biology. Increasing evidence highlights calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) as key signal decoders in guard cell signaling. This mini-review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of how CDPKs perceive and translate Ca2+ fluctuations into stomatal responses. We focus on the roles of CDPKs in signaling pathways triggered by diverse stimuli, including phytohormones such as abscisic acid ABA, jasmonates, and salicylic acid, as well as biotic cues such as microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs/PAMPs) and pathogen infection. We also discuss how gaseous signals and metabolic cues are integrated into CDPK-mediated pathways. In addition to their established role as downstream decoders of Ca2+ signals, emerging studies suggest that CDPKs can act upstream of Ca2+ oscillations and may also function through Ca2+-independent mechanisms. Together, these findings highlight the context-dependent and integrative roles of CDPKs in regulating stomatal behavior, contributing to plant fitness under fluctuating environmental conditions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoriIzumi C. en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Izumi C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Ca2+ signaling kn-keyword=Ca2+ signaling en-keyword=CDPK kn-keyword=CDPK en-keyword=Signal decoding kn-keyword=Signal decoding en-keyword=Stomata kn-keyword=Stomata END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=e70500 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=202604 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Early sedation intensity and psychological outcomes in critically ill adults en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Long-term psychological impairment is a major concern for intensive care unit (ICU) survivors. Early deep sedation during mechanical ventilation has been associated with poor short-term outcomes and mortality after ICU discharge; however, its relationship with psychological outcomes remains unclear.
Aim: To investigate sedation intensity during the first 24?h of mechanical ventilation and its association with psychological impairment 3 months after ICU discharge.
Study Design: This retrospective ancillary analysis of a single-centre cohort study was conducted in two general ICUs at a university hospital in Japan. Eligible patients stayed in the ICU for more than 48?h and received mechanical ventilation for more than 8?h. Sedation intensity was quantified using the Sedation Index (SI) and Agitation Index (AI) derived from Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale scores during the first 24?h. Psychological impairment 3 months post-ICU discharge was assessed based on symptoms of post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression. Associations were examined using hierarchical logistic regression.
Results: Among 130 participants, the median age was 64?years, and the median ventilation duration was 14?h. The median SI was 3.0; 47% had SI >?3, and 8.5% had AI >?0. Sedation intensity showed no significant association with psychological impairment (SI: adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.87, 90% confidence interval [CI] 0.57?1.33, p?=?0.59; AI: adjusted OR 0.21, 90% CI 0.01?3.08, p?=?0.34). However, any agitation during the ICU stay was associated with psychological outcomes (adjusted OR 2.61, 90% CI 1.16?5.88, p?=?0.05).
Conclusions: This study did not identify a statistically significant association between early sedation intensity and psychological impairment 3 months after ICU discharge.
Relevance to Clinical Practice: Critical care nurses should carefully titrate sedation from the initiation of mechanical ventilation to avoid unnecessary deep sedation, considering sedation intensity over time, while actively assessing agitation and its underlying causes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwataniMikiko en-aut-sei=Iwatani en-aut-mei=Mikiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimotoMichiko en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University Hospital; Graduate School of Health Sciences, Doctoral Program, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=anxiety kn-keyword=anxiety en-keyword=depression kn-keyword=depression en-keyword=post-intensive care syndrome kn-keyword=post-intensive care syndrome en-keyword=post-traumatic stress disorder kn-keyword=post-traumatic stress disorder en-keyword=sedation intensity kn-keyword=sedation intensity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=63 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=2026010 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Supplementation of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Suppressed Body Weight Loss and Reduced Disease Severity During Eimeria tenella Infection in Broiler Chickens en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) supplementation in broiler chickens infected with Eimeria tenella. To assess these effects, chickens supplemented with 20 ppm 5-ALA (5-ALA group) were compared with non-supplemented controls (control group). Sporulated E. tenella oocysts (2.0 × 103 oocysts per animal) were administered orally to 2-week-old broiler chickens. Body weight was measured weekly, and fecal samples were collected daily from 4 to 15 days post-infection (dpi). Fecal oocyst shedding was quantified using the sucrose flotation method. Cecal tissues were collected at 5 dpi for histopathological analysis and lesion scoring. The animals in the 5-ALA group exhibited significantly greater weight gain and milder clinical signs than those in the control group. Fecal oocyst shedding was highest at 7 dpi in both groups; however, the 5-ALA group exhibited significantly lower oocyst output than the control group. The total number of fecal oocysts shed during the acute infection period was significantly lower in the 5-ALA group than in the control group. Histopathological analysis revealed that although both groups exhibited epithelial hyperplasia and E. tenella schizonts in the cecal submucosa, inflammatory cell infiltration, cecal tissue damage, and histological lesion scores were significantly lower in the 5-ALA group than in the control group. These results suggest that 5-ALA supplementation may mitigate the clinical, parasitological, and histological effects of E. tenella infection in broiler chickens. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HanifTaqi Ahmad en-aut-sei=Hanif en-aut-mei=Taqi Ahmad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubayashiMakoto en-aut-sei=Matsubayashi en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HatabuToshimitsu en-aut-sei=Hatabu en-aut-mei=Toshimitsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Osaka Metropolitan University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=5-aminolevulinic acid kn-keyword=5-aminolevulinic acid en-keyword=avian coccidiosis kn-keyword=avian coccidiosis en-keyword=broilers kn-keyword=broilers END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=265 end-page=271 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Automatic Detection of Turning Over in Bed with Protection of Privacy Using Four Low-resolution Thermal Sensors to Support Nursing Care en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Turning over in bed, especially turning over at night, is a vital human unconscious behavior. Clinically, this movement disperses pressure between the body and bed, thus preventing bedsores. Several devices, such as acceleration and pressure sensors, can count turning overs automatically; however, they often require installation on the patients or in the bed. The simplest and noninvasive method to count turning overs is to record and count on video images, but this method cannot protect privacy. Images obtained using thermal sensors have been used to protect privacy; however, there are no reports of counting turning overs automatically using low-resolution sensors. We developed a novel device equipped with four low-resolution thermal sensors, with each sensor recording only an 8×8-pixel thermal image. The original data can protect patient privacy because the resolution is only ~28.8×28.8 cm per body, which is the lowest resolution compared to previous reports using thermal images. Using four sensors simultaneously enables us to collect sufficient data for automatic identification. We first used the bilinear interpolation method employed in a previous report to count turning overs; however, the results were unsatisfactory because turning overs produced extremely subtle changes in the original data compared with postural changes such as falls. After several attempts, we finally developed a unique identification program that interleaved all data from four sensors and then identified turning overs using residual neural network-18. Using the new system, the accuracy, recall, and precision of counting turning overs in bed improved to approximately 90% with an acceptable computation load in an experiment conducted on volunteers. This study demonstrated the feasibility of our device to count turning overs in clinical settings by the new identification program using four 8×8-pixel thermal images per frame, which have sufficiently low resolution to protect patient privacy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChouJyun-Jhe en-aut-sei=Chou en-aut-mei=Jyun-Jhe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=RaiKammei en-aut-sei=Rai en-aut-mei=Kammei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakimotoGo en-aut-sei=Makimoto en-aut-mei=Go kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoritaMizuki en-aut-sei=Morita en-aut-mei=Mizuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShihChi-Sheng en-aut-sei=Shih en-aut-mei=Chi-Sheng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biomedical Informatics, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia, National Taiwan University kn-affil= en-keyword=turning overs kn-keyword=turning overs en-keyword=privacy kn-keyword=privacy en-keyword=thermal sensors kn-keyword=thermal sensors en-keyword=low-resolution kn-keyword=low-resolution en-keyword=ResNet kn-keyword=ResNet END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=e71853 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Multi-Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals That EREG-Driven TME Crosstalk Defines Anti-EGFR Response in Colorectal Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Sidedness influences colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis and treatment response, yet the mechanism dictating differential EGFR inhibitor (EGFRI) sensitivity is unclear. This study investigated the tumor microenvironment (TME) in relation to EGFRI eligibility―clinically defined by factors such as tumor sidedness (e.g., left-sided), RAS/BRAF wild-type status, and microsatellite stability (MSS)―using integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), with bulk RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics validation. We found cancer cell features reflected EGFRI eligibility more strongly than sidedness. EGFRI eligible tumors exhibited high Epiregulin (EREG) expression by cancer cells. Cell interaction analysis revealed a specific “EREG/EGFR/CSF axis” in EGFRI eligible CRC: EREG derived from cancer cell stimulates EGFR-expressing non-myCAF subtypes of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which signal via CSF to M1/M2-like Tumor-Associated Macrophages/Monocytes (TAM/TAMo), potentially promoting M2 polarization. Spatial analysis confirmed the proximity of these interacting cell populations and localized EGFR pathway activation near cancer cells specifically in eligible tumors. This study provides a TME-centric view of EGFRI eligibility, identifying a key intercellular communication network driving differential responses. These findings suggest TME features could offer more precise patient stratification than sidedness alone, potentially improving CRC therapeutic strategies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiAtsuki en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Atsuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogiShohei en-aut-sei=Nogi en-aut-mei=Shohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YagiTomohiko en-aut-sei=Yagi en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanayaNobuhiko en-aut-sei=Kanaya en-aut-mei=Nobuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaShinji en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiSatoru en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Satoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakiuchiYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Kakiuchi en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TazawaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Tazawa en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=cell?cell interaction kn-keyword=cell?cell interaction en-keyword=colorectal cancer kn-keyword=colorectal cancer en-keyword=EGFR inhibitor eligibility kn-keyword=EGFR inhibitor eligibility en-keyword=Epiregulin (EREG) kn-keyword=Epiregulin (EREG) en-keyword=tumor microenvironment kn-keyword=tumor microenvironment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=175 end-page=180 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=2026 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=General anesthesia management for oral surgery in a patient with plastic bronchitis associated with Fontan circulation: a case report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Plastic bronchitis is a rare condition in which mucus plugs obstruct the bronchi, potentially leading to fatal respiratory failure. It has been reported in some patients with congenital heart disease following Fontan surgery. We report the general anesthesia management of a 22-year-old female patient with Fontan circulation and type II plastic bronchitis that was controlled using regular intravenous heparin injections. In this case, concerns existed regarding airway obstruction by bronchial plugs and hemodynamic instability specific to the Fontan circulation. During endotracheal intubation, the absence of mucus plugs was confirmed using a flexible bronchoscope. Intraoperatively, ventilation was managed at low pressure to avoid an increase in intrathoracic pressure caused by high positive-pressure ventilation. Additionally, fluid overload was avoided to prevent elevations in the central venous pressure. Consequently, perioperative management can be safely performed without any respiratory or circulatory complications. As treatment outcomes improve, the number of dental and oral surgical procedures in adult patients with congenital heart disease is expected to increase. Therefore, knowledge of congenital heart disease and its sequelae, such as plastic bronchitis, is essential to perform appropriate risk assessment and management. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NodaKaho en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Kaho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiokaYukiko en-aut-sei=Nishioka en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiguchiHitoshi en-aut-sei=Higuchi en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoFumika en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Fumika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeSaki en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Saki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyawakiTakuya en-aut-sei=Miyawaki en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Anesthesia, General kn-keyword=Anesthesia, General en-keyword=Plastic Bronchitis kn-keyword=Plastic Bronchitis en-keyword=Fontan Procedure kn-keyword=Fontan Procedure en-keyword=Oral Surgical Procedures kn-keyword=Oral Surgical Procedures END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=13650 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2026 dt-pub=20260316 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Sex-related differences in blood concentrations and emergence profiles following total intravenous anesthesia with remimazolam and remifentanil en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Remimazolam is a novel, short-acting benzodiazepine, which is characterized by rapid onset and quick recovery. The clinical efficacy and metabolism of many intravenous anesthetics are known to be influenced by sex; however, the effects of sex on the anesthetic efficacy and metabolism of remimazolam remain unclear. This prospective observational study examined sex-related differences in pharmacokinetics and emergence profiles after total intravenous anesthesia was induced with remimazolam and remifentanil in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery. Thirty-five American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status 1 adults (19 females, 16 males), aged 18?49 years, received standardized dosing based on their actual body weights. Serum remimazolam concentrations were measured at the end of administration and immediately before extubation using high-performance liquid chromatography. Although the emergence time did not differ significantly between the sexes, the mean emergence time of the females was approximately 80 s shorter. Serum remimazolam concentrations were significantly lower in females at both measurement time points (p?