start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=9 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1769373 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200531 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Triple knockdown of CDC37, HSP90]alpha and HSP90]beta diminishes extracellular vesicles]driven malignancy events and macrophage M2 polarization in oral cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Evidence has been accumulating to indicate that extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, released by cancer cells can foster tumour progression. The molecular chaperones ? CDC37, HSP90 and HSP90 play key roles in cancer progression including epithelial]mesenchymal transition (EMT), although their contribution to EVs]mediated cell?cell communication in tumour microenvironment has not been thoroughly examined. Here we show that triple depletion of the chaperone trio attenuates numerous cancer malignancy events exerted through EV release. Metastatic oral cancer]derived EVs (MEV) were enriched with HSP90 HSP90 and cancer]initiating cell marker CD326/EpCAM. Depletion of these chaperones individually induced compensatory increases in the other chaperones, whereas triple siRNA targeting of these molecules markedly diminished the levels of the chaperone trio and attenuated EMT. MEV were potent agents in initiating EMT in normal epithelial cells, a process that was attenuated by the triple chaperone depletion. The migration, invasion, and in vitro tumour initiation of oral cancer cells were significantly promoted by MEV, while triple depletion of CDC37/HSP90/ reversed these MEV]driven malignancy events. In metastatic oral cancer patient]derived tumours, HSP90 was significantly accumulated in infiltrating tumour]associated macrophages (TAM) as compared to lower grade oral cancer cases. HSP90]enriched MEV]induced TAM polarization to an M2 phenotype, a transition known to support cancer progression, whereas the triple chaperone depletion attenuated this effect. Mechanistically, the triple chaperone depletion in metastatic oral cancer cells effectively reduced MEV transmission into macrophages. Hence, siRNA]mediated knockdown of the chaperone trio (CDC37/HSP90/HSP90) could potentially be a novel therapeutic strategy to attenuate several EV]driven malignancy events in the tumour microenvironment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OnoKisho en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Kisho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Sogawa Chiharu en-aut-sei=Sogawa en-aut-mei= Chiharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiHotaka en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Hotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Manh Tien Tran en-aut-sei=Manh Tien Tran en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TahaEman A. en-aut-sei=Taha en-aut-mei=Eman A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=LuYanyin en-aut-sei=Lu en-aut-mei=Yanyin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=May Wathone Oo en-aut-sei=May Wathone Oo en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkushaYuka en-aut-sei=Okusha en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamuraHirohiko en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Hirohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakigawaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Takigawa en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=KozakiKen-Ichi en-aut-sei=Kozaki en-aut-mei=Ken-Ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagatsukaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Nagatsuka en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiAkira en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoKuniaki en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Kuniaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=CalderwoodStuart K. en-aut-sei=Calderwood en-aut-mei=Stuart K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=EguchiTakanori en-aut-sei=Eguchi en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Dental Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Extracellular vesicles kn-keyword=Extracellular vesicles en-keyword=epithelial]mesenchymal transition kn-keyword=epithelial]mesenchymal transition en-keyword=tumour]associated macrophage kn-keyword=tumour]associated macrophage en-keyword=CDC37 kn-keyword=CDC37 en-keyword=HSP90 kn-keyword=HSP90 en-keyword=tetraspanin kn-keyword=tetraspanin en-keyword=oral cancer kn-keyword=oral cancer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1797320 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Identification and functional analysis of glutamine transporter inStreptococcus mutans en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background
Streptococcus mutans, a biofilm-forming bacterium, possesses several transporters that function as import/export molecules. Among them, the PII protein family is composed of members that regulate glutamine synthesis in bacterial species.
Objective
In this study, we characterized the function of the glutamine transporter in S. mutans MT8148.
Methods
The SMU.732 gene, corresponding to glnP in S. mutans, is homologous to the glutamine transporter gene in Bacillus subtilis. We constructed a glnP-inactivated mutant strain (GEMR) and a complement strain (comp-GEMR) and evaluated their biological functions.
Results
Growth of GEMR was similar in the presence and absence of glutamine, whereas the growth rates of MT8148 and comp-GEMR were significantly lower in the presence of glutamine as compared to its absence. Furthermore, biofilms formed by MT8148 and comp-GEMR were significantly thicker than that formed by GEMR, while the GEMR strain showed a significantly lower survival rate in an acidic environment than the other strains. Addition of n-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, used to label of the membrane, led to increased fluorescence intensity of MT8148 and GEMR, albeit that was significantly lower in the latter.
Conclusions
These results suggest that glnP is associated with glutamine transport in S. mutans, especially the import of glutamine involved in biofilm formation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MorikawaYuko en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimotoSetsuyo en-aut-sei=Morimoto en-aut-mei=Setsuyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaEri en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Eri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaShuhei en-aut-sei=Naka en-aut-mei=Shuhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=Matsumoto-NakanoMichiyo en-aut-sei=Matsumoto-Nakano en-aut-mei=Michiyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Streptococcus mutans kn-keyword=Streptococcus mutans en-keyword=glutamine transporter kn-keyword=glutamine transporter en-keyword=biofilm kn-keyword=biofilm en-keyword=membrane protein kn-keyword=membrane protein en-keyword=glnP kn-keyword=glnP END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=90 end-page=100 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Accelerated induction of in vitro apatite formation by parallel alignment of hydrothermally oxidized titanium substrates separated by sub-millimeter gaps en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Although autoclaving is a common sterilization method for biomedical devices, the ability to induce deposition of apatite particles on hydrothermally treated titanium is still not fully realized. This is because the induction ability is too weak to be evaluated via in vitro apatite formation in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF) by the conventional immersion method, i.e. using samples with open and smooth surface. This study reports on the surface structure of hydrothermally treated titanium and the ability to induce deposition of apatite particles on the surface of parallel confined spaces separated by sub-millimeter gaps in Kokubo's SBF. Thin-film X-ray diffraction and analyses using Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy revealed that a nano-crystalline anatase-type titanium oxide layer was formed on titanium substrates after hydrothermal treatment at 150 degrees C for 2 h. When growth of the titanium oxide layer was moderately suppressed, the hydrothermally treated titanium surface exhibited a characteristic interference color, silver or gold, which does not impair the esthetic appearance of the titanium-based implant. The ability to induce deposition of apatite particles on hydrothermally treated titanium was remarkably amplified by parallel alignment of substrates separated by sub-millimeter gaps. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoKeigo en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Keigo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaTomohiko en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Biomaterials Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Titanium substrate kn-keyword=Titanium substrate en-keyword=apatite deposition kn-keyword=apatite deposition en-keyword=simulated body fluid kn-keyword=simulated body fluid en-keyword=parallel alignment kn-keyword=parallel alignment en-keyword=titania layer kn-keyword=titania layer END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191202 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Comparative study of in vitro apatite-forming abilities of highly ordered rutile nanorod arrays fabricated on cpTi and Ti6Al4V alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= The surfaces of commercially available pure titanium (cpTi) and Ti6Al4V alloy specimens were modified to form highly ordered rutile nanorod arrays by chemical treatment and subsequent aging treatment. The densities of the rutile rods were (1.04 +/- 0.06) x10(3) and (0.70 +/- 0.10) x10(3) mu m(-2) for the cpTi and Ti6Al4V alloy specimens, respectively. Both the rutile nanorod arrays on the cpTi and Ti6Al4V alloy specimens deposited apatite particles when soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF) for one day. After soaking for various other periods, scanning electron microscopy images and thin-film X-ray diffraction patterns of these specimens showed that the cpTi specimens exhibited a superior rate of apatite nucleation and favored the formation of numerous apatite particles with larger diameter. This superior apatite-forming ability of the cpTi specimens can be attributed to the dense, thick titania layers with higher rutile nanorod density on their surfaces. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=LiuXingzhu en-aut-sei=Liu en-aut-mei=Xingzhu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaTomohiko en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Biomaterials Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Biomaterials Laboratory, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Biomaterials Laboratory, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Rutile kn-keyword=Rutile en-keyword=nanorod arrays kn-keyword=nanorod arrays en-keyword=apatite kn-keyword=apatite en-keyword=rod density kn-keyword=rod density END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190828 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of dexamethasone to reverse decreased hepatic midazolam metabolism in rats with acute renal failure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= The inductive effects of dexamethasone on hepatic midazolam metabolism were examined in Wistar rats with acute renal failure (ARF) to clarify whether the ARF-related decrease in the hepatic expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes is caused by an impairment in the translation/polypeptide formation process. ARF was induced with intramuscular glycerol injection. Dexamethasone was orally administered. Pooled liver microsomes from five rats were prepared with ultracentrifugation for each of four groups, namely, control and ARF rats, control rats with dexamethasone treatment and ARF rats with dexamethasone treatment. Hepatic drug-metabolizing activity was examined in an incubation study with the microsomes, where midazolam was employed as a substrate of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A enzymes. The hepatic protein and mRNA expressions of CYP3A23/3A1 and 3A2 enzymes were also evaluated. With dexamethasone treatment, the hepatic metabolic rate of midazolam increased 1.4 times in control rats, while it increased 19.6 times in ARF rats, reflecting the greater induction of hepatic protein expressions of CYP3A enzymes in ARF rats than in control rats. The hepatic protein expression process for CYP3A23/3A1 and 3A2 responds well to dexamethasone treatment in ARF rats, indicating that the translation/polypeptide formation process is not impaired in the presence of ARF. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DoiMasami en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajikawaNoriko en-aut-sei=Kajikawa en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AibaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Aiba en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Acute renal failure kn-keyword=Acute renal failure en-keyword=CYP3A2 kn-keyword=CYP3A2 en-keyword=dexamethasone kn-keyword=dexamethasone en-keyword=hepatic drug metabolism kn-keyword=hepatic drug metabolism en-keyword=midazolam kn-keyword=midazolam END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=82 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1172 end-page=1175 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=201804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Novel assay system for acidic Peptide:N-glycanase (aPNGase) activity in crude plant extract en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Acidic peptide:N-glycanase (aPNGase) plays a pivotal role in plant glycoprotein turnover. For the construction of aPNGase-knockout or -overexpressing plants, a new method to detect the activity in crude plant extracts is required because endogenous peptidases present in the extract hamper enzyme assays using fluorescence-labeled N-glycopeptides as a substrate. In this study, we developed a new method for measuring aPNGase activity in crude extracts from plant materials en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UemuraRyota en-aut-sei=Uemura en-aut-mei=Ryota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraMikako en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Mikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumaruChihiro en-aut-sei=Matsumaru en-aut-mei=Chihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkiyamaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Akiyama en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaMegumi en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Agriculture , Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Acidic PNGase kn-keyword=Acidic PNGase en-keyword=FNG: free N-glycan kn-keyword=FNG: free N-glycan en-keyword=Fuc: L-fucose kn-keyword=Fuc: L-fucose en-keyword=Gal: D-galactose kn-keyword=Gal: D-galactose en-keyword=GlcNAc: N-acetyl-D-glucosamine kn-keyword=GlcNAc: N-acetyl-D-glucosamine en-keyword=HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography kn-keyword=HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography en-keyword=Man: D-mannose kn-keyword=Man: D-mannose en-keyword=NeuNAc2Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc1: NeuNAc2?6Gal1?4GlcNAc1?2Man1?6(NeuNAc2?6Gal1?4GlcNAc1?2Man1?3)Man1?4GlcNAc kn-keyword=NeuNAc2Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc1: NeuNAc2?6Gal1?4GlcNAc1?2Man1?6(NeuNAc2?6Gal1?4GlcNAc1?2Man1?3)Man1?4GlcNAc en-keyword=NeuNAc2Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2: NeuNAc2?6Gal1?4GlcNAc1?2Man1?6(NeuNAc2?6Gal1?4GlcNAc1?2Man1?3)Man1?4GlcNAc1?4GlcNAc kn-keyword=NeuNAc2Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2: NeuNAc2?6Gal1?4GlcNAc1?2Man1?6(NeuNAc2?6Gal1?4GlcNAc1?2Man1?3)Man1?4GlcNAc1?4GlcNAc en-keyword=NeuNAc: N-acetylneuraminic acid kn-keyword=NeuNAc: N-acetylneuraminic acid en-keyword=PA-: pyridylamino kn-keyword=PA-: pyridylamino en-keyword=PNGase-A: aPNGase from almond seed kn-keyword=PNGase-A: aPNGase from almond seed en-keyword=PNGase-Le: aPNGase from tomato (Solanum lycopersium L.) kn-keyword=PNGase-Le: aPNGase from tomato (Solanum lycopersium L.) en-keyword=PNGase: peptide:N-glycanase kn-keyword=PNGase: peptide:N-glycanase en-keyword=PTC: plant complex type kn-keyword=PTC: plant complex type en-keyword=RCA120: Ricinus communis agglutinin (120 kDa) kn-keyword=RCA120: Ricinus communis agglutinin (120 kDa) en-keyword=RP-HPLC: reversed-phase HPLC kn-keyword=RP-HPLC: reversed-phase HPLC en-keyword=SF-HPLC: size-fractionation HPLC kn-keyword=SF-HPLC: size-fractionation HPLC en-keyword=Xyl: D-xylose kn-keyword=Xyl: D-xylose en-keyword=affinity chromatography kn-keyword=affinity chromatography en-keyword=enzyme assay kn-keyword=enzyme assay en-keyword=free N-glycans kn-keyword=free N-glycans en-keyword=transgenic plant kn-keyword=transgenic plant END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=81 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1405 end-page=1408 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=201705 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural feature of N-glycans of bamboo shoot glycoproteins: useful source of plant antigenic N-glycans en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= An effective method to prepare plant complex type (PCT) N-glycans in large amounts has been required to evaluate their immunological activity. In this study, we found that glycoproteins in bamboo shoots predominantly carry PCT N-glycans including the Lewis a epitope-containing ones, suggesting that bamboo shoot is an excellent source for the plant antigenic glycans to synthesize immunoactive neoglycopolymers. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanabeChinatsu en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Chinatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaoriFuruta en-aut-sei=Kaori en-aut-mei=Furuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MegumiMaeda en-aut-sei=Megumi en-aut-mei=Maeda kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinobuKimura en-aut-sei=Yoshinobu en-aut-mei=Kimura kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Phyllostachys edulis kn-keyword=Phyllostachys edulis en-keyword=antigenic N-glycans kn-keyword=antigenic N-glycans en-keyword=bamboo shoot kn-keyword=bamboo shoot en-keyword=plant N-glycans kn-keyword=plant N-glycans en-keyword=plant glycoproteins kn-keyword=plant glycoproteins END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=940 end-page=949 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=201611 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Involvement of multiple CCN family members in platelets that support regeneration of joint tissues en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OBJECTIVES: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely used to enhance the regeneration of damaged joint tissues, such as osteoarthritic and rheumatoid arthritic cartilage. The aim of this study is to clarify the involvement of all of the CCN family proteins that are crucially associated with joint tissue regeneration. METHODS: Cyr61-CTGF-NOV (CCN) family proteins in human platelets and megakaryocytic cells were comprehensively analyzed by Western blotting analysis. Production of CCN family proteins in megakaryocytes in vivo was confirmed by immunofluorescence analysis of mouse bone marrow cells. Effects of CCN family proteins found in platelets on chondrocytes were evaluated by using human chondrocytic HCS-2/8 cells. RESULTS: Inclusion of CCN2, a mesenchymal tissue regenerator, was confirmed. Of note, CCN3, which counteracts CCN2, was newly found to be encapsulated in platelets. Interestingly, these two family members were not detectable in megakaryocytic cells, but their external origins were suggested. Furthermore, we found for the first time CCN5 and CCN1 that inhibits ADAMTS4 in both platelets and megakaryocytes. Finally, application of a CCN family cocktail mimicking platelets onto HCS-2/8 cells enhanced their chondrocytic phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple inclusion of CCN1, 2 and 3 in platelets was clarified, which supports the harmonized regenerative potential of PRP in joint therapeutics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaraChikako en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaTakashi en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiasaMiki en-aut-sei=Hiasa en-aut-mei=Miki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HattoriTakako en-aut-sei=Hattori en-aut-mei=Takako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AoyamaEriko en-aut-sei=Aoyama en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriyamaYoshinori en-aut-sei=Moriyama en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakigawaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Takigawa en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Membrane Biochemistry , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences , Okayama University Dental School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Membrane Biochemistry , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=CCN family kn-keyword=CCN family en-keyword=Cartilage kn-keyword=Cartilage en-keyword=Megakaryocyte kn-keyword=Megakaryocyte en-keyword=Platelet kn-keyword=Platelet en-keyword=Regeneration kn-keyword=Regeneration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=730 end-page=737 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20160311 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Comparison of severity classification in Japanese patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in a nationwide, prospective, inception cohort study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OBJECTIVE: To compare disease severity classification systems for six-month outcome prediction in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). METHODS: Patients with newly diagnosed AAV from 53 tertiary institutions were enrolled. Six-month remission, overall survival, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD)-free survival were evaluated. RESULTS: According to the European Vasculitis Study Group (EUVAS)-defined disease severity, the 321 enrolled patients were classified as follows: 14, localized; 71, early systemic; 170, generalized; and 66, severe disease. According to the rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) clinical grading system, the patients were divided as follows: 60, grade I; 178, grade II; 66, grade III; and 12, grade IV. According to the Five-Factor Score (FFS) 2009, 103, 109, and 109 patients had ?1, 2, and ?3 points, respectively. No significant difference in remission rates was found in any severity classification. The overall and ESRD-free survival rates significantly differed between grades I/II, III, and IV, regardless of renal involvement. Severe disease was a good predictor of six-month overall and ESRD-free survival. The FFS 2009 was useful to predict six-month ESRD-free survival but not overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: The RPGN grading system was more useful to predict six-month overall and ESRD-free survival than the EUVAS-defined severity or FFS 2009. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SadaKen-ei en-aut-sei=Sada en-aut-mei=Ken-ei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HarigaiMasayoshi en-aut-sei=Harigai en-aut-mei=Masayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmanoKoichi en-aut-sei=Amano en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AtsumiTatsuya en-aut-sei=Atsumi en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoShouichi en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Shouichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuzawaYukio en-aut-sei=Yuzawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakasakiYoshinari en-aut-sei=Takasaki en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=BannoShogo en-aut-sei=Banno en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiharaTakahiko en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Takahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiMasaki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=UsuiJoichi en-aut-sei=Usui en-aut-mei=Joichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagataKunihiro en-aut-sei=Yamagata en-aut-mei=Kunihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HommaSakae en-aut-sei=Homma en-aut-mei=Sakae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=DobashiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Dobashi en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuboiNaotake en-aut-sei=Tsuboi en-aut-mei=Naotake kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizuAkihiro en-aut-sei=Ishizu en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiyamaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Sugiyama en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaYasunori en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArimuraYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Arimura en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuoSeiichi en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakinoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Makino en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences , Tokyo Medical and Dental University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology , Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology at the Graduate School of Medicine , Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Hemovascular Medicine and Artificial Organs, Faculty of Medicine , Miyazaki University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Nephrology , Fujita Health University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology , Juntendo University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Rheumatology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine , Aichi Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Nephrology , Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Tsukuba kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine , Toho University Omori Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Chronic Kidney Disease and Peritoneal Dialysis , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Pathology , Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Nephrology and Rheumatology, First Department of Internal Medicine , Kyorin University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Internal Medicine , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis kn-keyword=Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis en-keyword=Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis kn-keyword=Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis en-keyword=Granulomatosis with polyangiitis kn-keyword=Granulomatosis with polyangiitis en-keyword=Inception cohort kn-keyword=Inception cohort en-keyword=Microscopic polyangiitis kn-keyword=Microscopic polyangiitis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=1509 end-page=1532 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161007 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Equivariant class group. II. Enriched descent theorem en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We prove a version of Grothendieckfs descent theorem on an eenrichedf principal fiber bundle, a principal fiber bundle with an action of a larger group scheme. Using this, we prove the isomorphisms of the equivariant Picard and the class groups arising from such a principal fiber bundle. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HashimotoMitsuyasu en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Mitsuyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Mathematics, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Class group kn-keyword=Class group en-keyword=descent theory kn-keyword=descent theory en-keyword=Picard group kn-keyword=Picard group en-keyword=principal fiber bundle kn-keyword=principal fiber bundle END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=137 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=529 end-page=533 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=201705 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The impact of chronic rhinosinusitis on long-term survival in lung transplantation recipients en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=CONCLUSIONS: Chronic rhinosinusitis diagnosed according to the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2012, not by computed tomography alone, is one of the prognostic factors affecting long-term survival in patients with lung transplantation. Endoscopic sinus surgery might play a beneficial role in the management of lung transplantation recipients with chronic rhinosinusitis. OBJECTIVE: To show the effect of paranasal sinus infection on post-lung transplantation survival. METHOD: Lung transplantation recipients were included in this study. Computed tomography was performed before and after lung transplantation. The severity of chronic rhinosinusitis was evaluated by Lund-Mackay scoring system. The survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-eight patients received lung transplantation for various indications. Chronic rhinosinusitis was found in 18.9% (28/148) of the lung transplantation recipients. Of 28 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, seven patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery due to persistent post-nasal drip. The recipients with chronic rhinosinusitis who did not receive endoscopic sinus surgery (n?=?21) showed a significantly lower survival rate as compared to the patients without chronic rhinosinusitis. There was no statistically significant difference in the survival rate between the recipients with (n?=?50) and without (n?=?98) paranasal sinus abnormality on computed tomography. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KariyaShin en-aut-sei=Kariya en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkanoMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Okano en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtoTakahiro en-aut-sei=Oto en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigakiTakaya en-aut-sei=Higaki en-aut-mei=Takaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HarunaTakenori en-aut-sei=Haruna en-aut-mei=Takenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NodaYohei en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Yohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishizakiKazunori en-aut-sei=Nishizaki en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Lung transplant kn-keyword=Lung transplant en-keyword=bronchiolitis obliterans kn-keyword=bronchiolitis obliterans en-keyword=infection; pneumonia kn-keyword=infection; pneumonia en-keyword=survival rate kn-keyword=survival rate END