start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=101 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=49 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Application of continuous light in a plant factory system 4. Physiological changes and concept of injury induction in plant leaves under continuous light kn-title=閉鎖型植物工場における連続光の利用(第4報)連続光下における植物の生理学的変化ならびに障害誘発の概念 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Physiological changes and concept of injury induction occurring under continuous light are comprehensively reviewed. Continuous light usually reduces photosynthetic rate, which may relate to changes in transpiration and leaf necrosis caused by reactive oxygen species. Other factors apart from photosynthesis may also affect leaf injuries occurring under continuous light. Continuous light sometimes increases carbohydrate and some secondary metabolite contents. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HataNaoki en-aut-sei=Hata en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=畑直樹 kn-aut-sei=畑 kn-aut-mei=直樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiAkio en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name=小林昭雄 kn-aut-sei=小林 kn-aut-mei=昭雄 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=大阪大学大学院工学研究科 en-keyword=carbohydrates kn-keyword=carbohydrates en-keyword=circadian rhythm kn-keyword=circadian rhythm en-keyword=ethylene kn-keyword=ethylene en-keyword=photosynthesis kn-keyword=photosynthesis en-keyword=reactive oxygen species kn-keyword=reactive oxygen species en-keyword=secondary metabolites kn-keyword=secondary metabolites END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=101 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Pericarp Characteristics of the F(1) Hybrid Medium-Fruited Tomato between the Male Sterile Mutant (T-4) of the Large-Fruited 'First' and a Small-Fruited Pure Line with Soft Pericarp kn-title=‘ファースト’雄性不稔突然変異体 (T -4) を種子親とした軟果皮中玉トマトF(1) 系統 (MS-II) の特性 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=薄皮果柔の中玉トマト品種育成を目的とし,‘ファースト’花粉非崩壊型雄性不稔系統 (T-4) を種子親,果皮の軟らかい小果固定系統 (S) を花粉親とするF(1)雑種 (MS-II) の特性について,両親系統および既存の中玉F(1)品種‘レッドオーレ’,‘フルティカ’のそれと比較した.両親系統と比較したところ,MS-IIの果実硬度は花粉親である軟果皮Sと同等となり,果皮硬度はSよりも低い値となった.3段摘心栽培において,MS-IIの果実硬度は第1段では2品種と差は無かったが,上位果房ほど両品種よりも低くなる傾向を示した.果皮硬度は,第1果房では‘レッドオーレ’よりも低く,‘フルティカ’よりも高かったが,上位果房ほど両品種よりも低い値となる傾向を示した.MS-IIの外果皮におけるクチクラ厚を測定したところ,‘フルティカ’と同等となり,‘レッドオーレ’よりも低かった.また,MS-IIのクチクラ層の発達程度が2品種よりも低いことが観察され,MS-IIの果皮硬度が2品種よりも低い傾向を示すのは,外果皮におけるクチクラ層の発達程度が低いためと推測された. kn-abstract=Breeding for a soft pericarp in medium-sized tomato fruit was conducted by crossing the male sterile mutant (T-4) of the large-fruited 'First' and a small-fruited pure line with a soft pericarp (S). Pericarp characteristics of the F(1) hybrid (named MS-II) were compared with the parents and two similar medium-fruited tomato cultivars, 'Red ore' and 'Frutica'. Pericarp firmness in MS-II was lower as compared with that of both T-4 and S. Differences in pericarp firmness among MS-II, 'Red ore' and 'Frutica' were dependent on truss. In the first truss, MS-II developed fruits with a softer pericarp than 'Red ore', but with a firmer pericarp than 'Frutica'. In the second and third trusses, pericarp firmness of the fruit in MS-II tended to be lower than those of the other two cultivars. The thickness of the exocarp cuticle in MS-II was lower than that in 'Red ore', but was no different to that in 'Frutica'. Thus genotypic differences in pericarp firmness among MS-II, 'Red ore' and 'Frutica' seem to be derived from differences in the degree of cutin development in the epidermal perimeter. A thinner cuticle can explain pericarp softness in the fruits above the second truss in MS-II. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ToyaJunko en-aut-sei=Toya en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name=遠矢純子 kn-aut-sei=遠矢 kn-aut-mei=純子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=(現)兵庫県光都農林水産振興事務所 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=cuticle kn-keyword=cuticle en-keyword=fruit firmness kn-keyword=fruit firmness en-keyword=pericarp firmness kn-keyword=pericarp firmness END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=101 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=13 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Possibility of Sand Culture for Melon Using Root-proof Capillary Wick in Mid-summer Period kn-title=盛夏期における防根給水ひもを用いたメロン砂栽培の可能性 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=栽培期間の大半の日数が高温となる盛夏期において防根給水ひもを用いたメロン砂栽培が可能であるかどうかを検討した.処理区は,大塚A処方培養液のECを段階的に低下させて供給する培養液区,全量を肥料調節型肥料で培地に混和する肥効調節型肥料区(以下、肥料区)の2区とした.最高平均地温は34.8℃,最低平均地温は26.9℃であった.肥料区では定植2週間後の交配期に8株中5株に萎れ症状が生じたが,これは定植後~交配期において培地が高EC状態であったことが原因と考えら れた.一方で,培養液区では萎れ症状は全くみられなかった.肥料区の正常3個体と培養液区の全個体の果実重の平均は2.3 ㎏,糖度 (Brix°) は14.4であった.以上より,盛夏期における防根給水ひもを用いたメロン砂栽培は,培養液管理によって安定生産が見込めること,肥料での栽培も施肥設計を考慮すれば同期の砂栽培に適用可能であることが示唆された. kn-abstract=Effects of liquid fertilizer (LF) and controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) on growth and fruit enlargement of netted melon in 6L sand medium were investigated in a cultivation method using root-proof capillary wicks in mid-summer. Average of maximum and minimum root-zone temperatures was 34.8°Cand 26.9°C, respectively. Wilted symptoms appeared very often in 5 out of 8 plants at 2 weeks after transplanting in CRF with a high electric conductivity (EC) of medium solution. In contrast, such symptoms were not found at all in LF with a lower EC. In LF, average fruit weight was 2.3Kg and fruit Brix was 14.4, and non-wilted plants in CRF also showed the same levels as LF in weight and Brix of fruits. These results indicated the possibility of sand culture for melon in mid-summer with LF or a modified fertilizer combination design of CRF. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaharaMasaki en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name=川原雅規 kn-aut-sei=川原 kn-aut-mei=雅規 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=capillary watering kn-keyword=capillary watering en-keyword=liquid fertilizer kn-keyword=liquid fertilizer en-keyword=controlled-release fertilizer kn-keyword=controlled-release fertilizer en-keyword=high temperature kn-keyword=high temperature END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=100 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=9 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20110201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Application of Controlled-release Fertilizer to Netted Melon Cultivation Using Root-proof Capillary Wick kn-title=ネットメロンの防根給水ひも栽培における肥効調節型肥料の適用 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Use of controlled-release fertilizer in limited amount of soil and sand medium for netted melon cultivation using a root-proof capillary wick was investigated. The first experiment consisted of 3 lots of soil medium. 1) 3L medium used throughout the cultivation period (A); 2) 6L medium used throughout the cultivation period (B); 3) 3L used until pollination stage, then a partitioning board removed to increase the growth medium to 6L (C). Average of one fruit weight was 1.4 kg in A and B, but only 1.2 kg in C. Brix° value was 13.1 in A, 13.6 in B and 13.4 in C, respectively. The stem diameter at the time of pollination was largest in B in which there was fruit cracking that was also observed in C, but not in A. The root dry weight was highest in A. These results indicate that the restricted medium of 3L presents a potential for good fruit production. The second experiment consisted of 4 lots with 3L medium each: 1) soil and fertilizer medium as in experiment 1; 2) sand and fertilizer medium as in lot 1); 3) sand and slower release fertilizer; 4) sand and half of fertilizer at planting and an additional fertilizer bag placed on the wick at time of pollination. Although cracking fruits occurred 75% in 3) and 37.5% in 4), there was no cracking of fruits in 1) and 2), in which fruit weight in the latter was 1.5kg and brix° value of 14.5 was obtained. These results indicate that controlled-release fertilizer is useful for fruit production of netted melon in sand medium of 3L with a high potential for reuse. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaharaMasaki en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name=川原雅規 kn-aut-sei=川原 kn-aut-mei=雅規 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiSayo en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Sayo kn-aut-name=村上紗代 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=紗代 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=応用植物科学コース affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=応用植物科学コース affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=応用植物科学コース en-keyword=medium volume kn-keyword=medium volume en-keyword=sand medium kn-keyword=sand medium en-keyword=fruit yield kn-keyword=fruit yield en-keyword=cracking fruit kn-keyword=cracking fruit END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=99 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20100201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of Controlled-release Fertilizer and Root-proof Capillary Wick Addition to Root-zone on Tomato Growth and Yield kn-title=トマトの防根給水ひも栽培における肥効調節型肥料と根域拡張に伴う「紐」の適用 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=中玉トマト18段摘心の長期促成栽培における肥効調節型肥料の適用と生育途中の根域拡張に伴う「紐」適用が生育と果実収量に及ぼす効果を調べた.栽培容器は可動仕切り板で2つに仕切り区画当たり容量は2.8ℓとし,第8段花房開花時に仕切り板をはずして5.6ℓ(1st Box+2nd Box)とした.試験区は2区で2nd Boxに紐を配置しない1本区と2nd Boxにもう1本を配した2本区である.2本区の草丈は1月以降,1本区に比べ高く推移し第18段花房の開花日が約10日早まり,成長の指標とした摘心時の茎頂部新鮮重も1本区の2倍となった.1株の果実収量は1本区で8kg,2本区で9kgとなり果実の糖度,酸度には両区間に差はなかった.栽培終了時の根の乾物重と茎切断面から採取した木部いっ泌液は両区間に差はなかったが,両区とも栽培終期の4月には生育が衰え葉色は黄緑色で果実の着色も不均一であった.木部いっ泌の成分分析ではNO(3)-N濃度が1本区で10me/ℓ,2本区で6me/ℓであり,これらの濃度は一般に養液栽培に使用される園試標準濃度よりも低かった.以上の結果から,第8段花房開花時に仕切りを開放し新区画への土壌と肥料ならびに紐の新たな適用は,生育安定と収量確保に効果的に作用することが明らかとなった.しかし,紐の有無にかかわらず生育後期の生育が不良となったことから,今後は施肥設計の面から,とくにNO(3)-NとSO(4)-Sの両面から検討する必要があると考察した. kn-abstract=This study was conducted to investigate the effects of controlled-release fertilizers and wick addition to the root-zone on plant growth and yield of medium-fruit sized tomato up to the 18(th) truss in long-term forcing culture. The set-up consisted of a box partitioned by a board into two halves, named box 1 and box 2. Box 1 contained 2.8 ℓ of growth medium (soil : bark : perlite : peat=2 : 2 : 1 : 1). Plant was grown in box 1 with a capillary wick, and at flowering of the 8(th) truss, the partition was removed and box 2 filled with 2.8 ℓ of the medium. There were two treatments, with or without capillary wick in box 2, namely, single wick (S) and double wicks (D). Plant height was greater in D than S in January, and the difference increased gradually thereafter. Flowering time of 18(th) truss in D was 10 days earlier and decapitated shoot weight was twice that of S. Fruit yield per plant was 8 kg in S and 9 kg in D with similar value of Brix and titratable acidity. There was no difference between S and D in dry root weight (7g/plant) or in xylem exudates (8ml/h), while in S in April plant growth was inferior, leaf color yellow greenish and fruit colour uneven towards the end of growth of plants. Xylem sap analysis showed that NO(3)-N was 10 me/ℓ in S and 6 me/ℓ in D. This concentration is weaker than that of Enshi standard nutrient solution generally used in hydroponics. These results suggest that application of controlled-release fertilizers and wick addition to box 2 with root-zone extended was effective for plant growth performance and fruit yield. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiYuki en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name=藤井由貴 kn-aut-sei=藤井 kn-aut-mei=由貴 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KinoshitaTakafumi en-aut-sei=Kinoshita en-aut-mei=Takafumi kn-aut-name=木下貴文 kn-aut-sei=木下 kn-aut-mei=貴文 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=(独)農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構近畿中国四国農業研究センター en-keyword=capillary watering kn-keyword=capillary watering en-keyword=combination of fertilizer kn-keyword=combination of fertilizer en-keyword=medium-fruit sized tomato kn-keyword=medium-fruit sized tomato en-keyword=sectional box kn-keyword=sectional box en-keyword=substrate volume kn-keyword=substrate volume END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=98 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200902 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Large-fruited Tomato Production as Affected by Root-zone Extension and Wick Addition During Cultivation in a Capillary Wick System kn-title=大玉トマトの防根給水ひも栽培における生育途中の根域拡張と「ひも」適用が果実生産に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=「防根給水ひも」を利用した底面給水法が大玉トマト生産に適用可能かどうかを検討した.2006年秋ン冬季の実験では,培地量がトマトの生育と収量に及ぼす影響について調査した.大玉トマトを終始1stBox(=2.8ℓ・plant-1)で栽培する処理区と7段花房開花時に2ndBox(=2.8ℓ)に培地を追加し,最終的に1stBox + 2ndBox(=5.6ℓ・plant-1)で栽培する処理区を比較した結果,培地量を2倍にし,根域を拡張した処理区の収量が高くなった.2007年春ン夏季の実験では根域拡張および「ひも」適用本数の増加によりトマトの生育収量を改善出来るかを検討するため,終始 1stBox,「ひも」1本で栽培する区,4段花房開花時に培地を追加し最終的に1stBox + 2ndBoxで栽培するが,そこには「ひも」は配さない区,培地を加えると同時に「ひも」を配する区の3区でトマトを栽培した.その結果,1stBox + 2ndBox,「ひも」2本で栽培したトマトが最も収量が高かった.培地追加時に「ひも」を配することで水輸送量が増大した事が収量増加に繋がったものと考えられた.以上の結果より,生育途中で培地量を増やすと同時に,もう1本の「ひも」を配置して大塚A処方1/2濃度で終始管理すれば,生育中期にK欠乏と思しき葉縁の黄変が見られるものの,尻腐れ果実のほとんど発生しない安定したトマト生産が可能であるといえる. kn-abstract=This study was conducted to investigate the possibility to use capillary wick system in large-fruited tomato production. The first experiment in the autumn-winter season of 2006 was carried out to investigate the effects of the amount of substrate on growth and yield of tomato. Treatments involved growing large-fruited tomato in one box (2.8ℓ/plant) continuously, or adding substrate at flowering of the 7th truss in a 2nd box (5.6ℓ/plant). Fruit yield was higher when the root-zone was extended with double the substrate volume. The second experiment in spring-summer season of 2007 was aimed at improving growth and yield of tomato by extension of root-zone and addition of wick. Tomato plants were either grown in one box with one wick continuously, or with addition of substrate in a 2nd box at flowering of the 4th truss. Additionally, one more wick was inserted into 50% of the 2nd boxes. Half of the plants were grown in two boxes with one wick, and the other half with two wicks. Higher yield was obtained from the plants grown in two boxes with two wicks, suggesting that fruit yield was increased by increasing water transport through wick addition coupled with root-zone extension. Plant growth and fruit yield of large-fruited tomato was stable without blossom-end rot when root-zone was extended and half strength of Ohtsuka-A nutrient solution supplied through the capillary wick system. There was, however, a slight sign of physiological disorder at the leaf margins similar to potassium deficiency. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MorishigeAyuki en-aut-sei=Morishige en-aut-mei=Ayuki kn-aut-name=森重歩己 kn-aut-sei=森重 kn-aut-mei=歩己 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=応用植物科学コース affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=応用植物科学コース affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=応用植物科学コース en-keyword=root-proof capillary wick kn-keyword=root-proof capillary wick en-keyword=large-fruited tomato kn-keyword=large-fruited tomato en-keyword=substrate volume kn-keyword=substrate volume END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=トマトの突然変異雄性不稔の部分稔性回復に及ぼす夜温の影響 kn-title=Partial Fertility Restoration as Affected by Night Temperature in a Season-dependent Male-sterile Mutant Tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=トマトの雄性不稔 T-4 の部分稔性回復に及ぼす夜温の影響について調査した.2001年10月~翌年 6 月の期間,最低気温10℃以上に維持し28℃換気のビニールハウス内において,順次開花してくる花について開花当日に自家人工授粉を行って着果率,有種子果率ならびに種子数を調査した.10月~2 月は,ほぼ100%着果し,10月に着果した果実は有種子果であり,11月~2 月に着果した果実は,その80%近くが無種子の単為結果であった.3 月以降,着果率が徐々に低下し 5 月では着果率が10%以下で単為結果はなかった.有種子果 1 果当たりの種子数は,10月には50粒に達することもあったが,11月以降の低温期には数粒となり,気温が上昇する 4 月~6 月には 1~20数粒であった.秋季ビニールハウスの最低夜温12℃と18℃下で人工授粉を行ったところ,着果率に差はなく,有種子果率は12℃で高く種子数も多かった.さらに,ビニールハウス内で育成した T-4 株を夜温12℃と24℃の人工気象器内に搬入して人工受粉し,10日後にハウス内に戻した.その結果,春季は両温度区ともほとんど着果しなかった.秋季は夜温12℃で約70%(24℃では46%)着果し,その50%(24℃では10%)は有種子果であった.1 果当たりの種子数は 7~9 粒で両温度区間に差はなかった.また,野生型花粉の人工受粉により1果実当たり50~180粒の種子が得られたことから,雄性不稔 T-4 には雌ずい側に問題はないことが示されトマト 2 系ライン F1 種子生産の種子親として利用できる可能性が示唆された. kn-abstract=This study was conducted to investigate the influence of night temperature on the restoration of fertility in a season-dependent male-sterile tomato mutant (T-4). Plants were grown in greenhouses, in which minimum and maximum temperatures were set at 10℃ and 28℃ by heating and ventilation, respectively. Flowers were hand-pollinated and the fruit-set, seed-set, and number of seeds were examined. The rate of fruit-set was high and did not differ much from October to February; almost all fruits formed in October had self-fertile seeds, but 80% of the fruits from November to February were parthenocarpic. The rate of fruit-set dropped from 70% in March to below 10% in May. During this period, most of the fruits were seeded, though fruit-set was low. The number of seeds per seeded fruit varied with the season, being as high as 50 seeds in October, 1-2 seeds per fruit between November and March, and 1-20 seeds per fruit between April and June. A low night temperature of 12℃ did not affect fruit-set but resulted in a better seed-set than a high night temperature of 18℃ in the greenhouse. Further, pollination of the plants in phytochambers also resulted in a better fruit- and seed-set at 12℃ than 24℃. In all cases, the influence of low temperature was more pronounced in autumn than in spring. Fruit-set was 70% at 12℃ and 46% at 24℃. Of these fruits, 50% at 12℃ and 10% at 24℃ were seeded. It was inferred that partial fertility restoration in T-4 can be achieved by manipulation of night temperatures. The female organ was shown to be normal, functional, and compatible with wild-type pollen. From these results, the potential of the male-sterile T-4 mutant for use in a two line hybrid-seed production system was apparent. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatoKenji en-aut-sei=Kato en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=加藤鎌司 kn-aut-sei=加藤 kn-aut-mei=鎌司 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraHiroshi en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=中村弘 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=弘 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OjiewoChristopher Ochieng kn-aut-sei=Ojiewo kn-aut-mei=Christopher Ochieng aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MasindePeter Wafula kn-aut-sei=Masinde kn-aut-mei=Peter Wafula aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学農学部 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=ジョモケニヤッタ農工大学園芸学科 en-keyword=male-sterile mutant kn-keyword=male-sterile mutant en-keyword=night temperature kn-keyword=night temperature en-keyword=partial fertility kn-keyword=partial fertility en-keyword=omato hybrid-seed kn-keyword=omato hybrid-seed END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=97 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200802 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Potential for Tomato Cultivation Using Capillary Wick- watering Method kn-title=「毛管給水ひも」によるトマト栽培の可能性について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=「毛管給水ひも」によるトマト栽培の可能性を探るため,中玉トマトの10段摘心栽培を試み,ひもの特性と栽培上の問題点を明らかにした.1/5,000aワグネルポットの底から5㎜位と50㎜位に小穴を開け,そこへ毛管ひも(幅4㎝,長さ45㎝)の一端を導入し,そのまま鉢中央を横切り対壁に沿って土壌表面まで配置した.他の一端は培養液に浸した.この毛管ひもを遮根透水シートで被覆し(接着あるいは機械織りによるチューブ状管にひもを挿入),その「被覆ひも」を「無被覆ひも」と比較したところ,被覆ひもでは根の侵入が強く抑制でき成育が旺盛で収量も高かった.被覆しないと1か月後には根が毛管ひも内に伸長して貯液槽にまで達した.この根を除去すると多くの個体は萎れの症状を呈した.この症状は50㎜位の方が著しかった.被覆が不完全だと接着部あるいは織り込み部から根は毛管ひもに侵入する.従って,毛管ひもは完全被覆されることが重要であるといえる.また,遮根透水ひもを2㎝幅,4㎝幅としシングル状とダブル状で比較したところ,成育半ばでシングル2㎝幅では萎れ症状が観察され枯死する個体も現れた.その 他では成育等に大きな差異は認められなかったが,いずれの処理区においても多くの尻腐れ果が発生した.トマトの吸水に伴って水位は低下するため本試験では毎日,培養液を手で補給した.しかし,水位変化は最大で3㎝と大きかった.尻腐れ果発生はこの液槽の水位レベル管理に起因するところ大と推察され,今後の課題として残された. kn-abstract=This research was conducted to investigate any potential problems that may be encountered while using capillary wick irrigation system. Medium-fruited tomato plants were cultivated in spring up to the 10th truss. In the first experiment, a 1/5,000a wagner pot was used, and small openings were made 5mm or 50mm from the bottom of the pots. Capillary wicks, 4 cm in width and 45 cm in length were inserted into the slits and aligned to the pot’s inner wall perpendicularly to the soil surface. The other end of the wick was dipped in half or full strength Ohtsuka-A nutrient solution. The wick was covered with water permeable root-barrier material to prevent root penetration into wick. This resulted in good growth and relatively high yield. Without covering, roots grew vigorously into the wicks and 1 month after transplanting extended to the reservoir solution. Removal of root overgrowth caused wilting in some of the plants. This symptom was more pronounced where the wick insertion points were 50 mm from the base. Root contexture was observed in non-covered and imperfectly covered wicks. These results indicate that it is important to make a wick with a perfect covering for stable plant growth and fruit yield. In the second experiment, the capacity of 2 cm or 4 cm wide with and single or double layers of capillary wicks to transport water to the plant root-zone was examined. Some of the plants wilted in the 2 cm single layer, while no differences were observed in other treatments. Furthermore, a high percentage of blossom-end rot was recorded in all treatments. In response to water uptake by the plants, the nutrient solution was supplied daily depending on the decrease of water in the reservoir, in order to maintain the water level fluctuation within a 3 cm range. This fluctuation may account for the blossom-end rot prevalence observed, probably due to water-stress imposed on the plants by unstable water level in the reservoir. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukumotoShoko en-aut-sei=Fukumoto en-aut-mei=Shoko kn-aut-name=福元祥子 kn-aut-sei=福元 kn-aut-mei=祥子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=capillary wick kn-keyword=capillary wick en-keyword=root-proof cover kn-keyword=root-proof cover en-keyword=watering method kn-keyword=watering method END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=84 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=23 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Ethephon-induced Bisexual Flowers on Primary Shoot and Subsequent Fruit Quality of Melon,cv. Honey Dew kn-title=メロン‘ハネデュー’の主枝節上における両性花の発現及び着生果実の形質に及ぼすエセフォンの影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract='ハネデュー’メロンの花の性表現及び着生果実の形質に対するエセフォン処理の影響を検討した。第8葉期にエセフォン100,200mg・ℓ-1濃度で葉面散布すると、主枝節に雌花が多く誘導されたが、200mg・ℓ-1処理区では同時に花蕾不発育節や落蕾も増加した。また、節間の短縮による茎長の抑制が認められた。適濃度と考えられるエセフォン100mg・ℓ-1濃度で反復処理した場合、雌花数、雄花数ともに著しく減少した。第2葉、第4葉、第8葉期に100mg・ℓ-1 濃度で処理した場合、主枝節上の雌花誘導節位はそれぞれ6~9節、11~22節、16~25節で、処理時の生育ステージが早い段階ほど雌花発現に要する節数は少なくなった。エセフォン処理区の主枝節着生果実は無処理区の側枝節着生果実より縦長で、糖度は若干低く、軟化が進んでいた。以上の結果から、エセフォン処理により主枝15~20節に雌花を誘導するには、第4~6葉期に100mg・ℓ-1 の濃度で散布するのが最も効果的であることが示唆された。 kn-abstract=The effects of ethephon on the sex expression of flowers,and subsequent fruit quality of 'Honey Dew'melon were investigated.Ethphon induced many bisexual flowers on the primary shoot in the concentration of 100 or 200mg・ℓ-1 applied at the 8true-leaf expanded stage.The concentration of 200mg・ℓ-1 caused undeveloped and aborted flower buds,and the plant hight decreased with shoter internode.When enthphon treatment was repeated in the concentration of 100mg・ℓ-1,the number of bisexual flowers decreased;replicated treatment reduced both bisexual and flowers.In plants treated with 100mg・ℓ-1 at the 2,4 or 8 true-leaf expanded stages,many bisexual flowers occurred at the 6th to 9th,11th to 22nd and 16th to 25th nodes of the primary shoot,respectively.The fruits set on the primary shoot by ethephon treatment increased in the ratio of longitudinal diameter to cross.Ethephon-induced fruits decreased slightly in sugar content and the flesh was softer than those of the control.These results suggested that single treatment of ethephon was recommended in the concentration of 100mg・ℓ-1 at the 4-6 true-leaf expanded stage for induction of bisexual flowers on the 15th to 20th nodes of the primary shoot. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaYasumasa en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Yasumasa kn-aut-name=池田康政 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=康政 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NanbaSyoji en-aut-sei=Nanba en-aut-mei=Syoji kn-aut-name=難波昌二 kn-aut-sei=難波 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=melon kn-keyword=melon en-keyword=ethephon kn-keyword=ethephon en-keyword=sex expression kn-keyword=sex expression en-keyword=fruit quality kn-keyword=fruit quality END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=149 end-page=154 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=199802 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Movement of Calcuium (45Ca) to Fruit from Peduncle of Tomato Plants kn-title=トマトの果柄に処理した45Caの果実への移動 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=トマト果柄に木綿糸を通してカルシウム(45Ca)を処理し昼夜間別に果房各部位への45Caの移行、ならびに、培養液にNaClを添加した場合の樹体内の水分状態と果実への45Ca移行について調査した。昼夜間における単位乾物重当りの45Caの非活性は果柄で昼間に有意に高くなったが、がく・果実では昼夜間差は生じなかった。また、葉でも昼夜間差はなく昼夜同程度に45Caの移行が認められた。培養液にNaClを添加しても、第1果房直下葉(成熟葉)の水分欠差が生じなかったが、第2・3段果房直下葉(未成熟葉)ではNaCl添加のよって水分欠差は有意に増大し、果柄・がくの45Ca非活性も高くなる傾向を示した。しかし果実末端部の45Ca非活性は有意に低くなり、同時に、果実全体に占める果実末端部での45Ca非活性もNaCl添加によって減少した。本試験の結果から、木綿糸処理液の果柄内への流入は樹体の水分欠差に影響を受けると考えられた。果柄内に流入した45Caは、水の流れだけでなく他の要因によっても各部位に移行するものと思われた。また、培養液へのNaCl添加により、果実末端部へのカルシウム移行がより強く抑制されるのは、果実内でのカチオン移動に競合が生じるからではないかと推察された。 kn-abstract=Movement of calcium (45Ca) from the peduncle to fruit of tomato during the days and night was investigated. Further, the effects of additional NaCl to the culture solution on the water potential in plants and 45Ca movement to fruit were also examined. The activity of 45Ca on a dry weight basis in the peduncle was higher during the day than at night, however, in calyx and fruit the 45Ca activity was similar both during the day and night. Import of 45Ca into the leaves from the peduncle was not different between the day and the night. Additional NaCl to the culture solution resulted in a greater water saturation deficit (WSD) of the immature leaves just below the 2nd and 3rd trusses, unlike with the mature leaves below the 1st truss where the WSD did not decrease with NaCl treatment. On the oher hand, the activity of 45Ca in the peduncle and calyx was not different between the NaCl treatment and the control. However, the activity in the distal part of the fruits was lower with, NaCl treament than in the control. These results suggested that the high WSD effectively decreased the import of calcium into fruits from the peduncle. It seems that the import of 45Ca into fruit not only dependent on the conductive tissues but also a possible driving force in xylem water flow, and that NaCl interferes with movement of calcium in the fruits. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NomuraMotofumi en-aut-sei=Nomura en-aut-mei=Motofumi kn-aut-name=野村眞史 kn-aut-sei=野村 kn-aut-mei=眞史 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=長谷川博 kn-aut-sei=長谷川 kn-aut-mei=博 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=枡田正治 kn-aut-sei=枡田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=滋賀県立大学環境科学部 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Tomato fruit kn-keyword=Tomato fruit en-keyword=NaCl-stress kn-keyword=NaCl-stress en-keyword=45Ca movement kn-keyword=45Ca movement END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=63 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=199902 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=トマト’ファースト’の雄性不稔突然変異系統における花粉崩壊のジベレリンによる部分的阻害 kn-title=Partial Inhibition of Pollen Degradation by Gibberellic Acid Mutants Derived from cv. First (Lycopersion esculentum Mill.) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=トマト’ファースト’より作出した雄性不稔系統において、その花粉崩壊がジベレリンによって阻害されるかどうかを検討した。ジベレリンの阻害効果は花粉崩壊が小胞子期に始まるFms-1タイプ、減数分裂期に始まるFms-2タイプ、四分子期に始まるFms-3タイプのいずれにおいても認められた。最適濃度は10mg/ℓで散布後6日から12日目に開花してくる葯で認められた。この場合、GA3よりもGA7の方が効果は高かった。開花時の葯0.25mm横断切片上のアセトカーミン染色花粉(生存花粉)はFms-2で最も多く200粒以上を示すものもあった。Fms-2花粉の生存には葯の委縮回復が伴っていた。Fms-2葯のジベレリン活性はオリジナル正常葯のそれより低かった。 kn-abstract=The young flower buds in three male sterile mutants derived from cv.First were treated with gibberellins to determine whether pollen degradation could be inhibited.Microscopic observations of acetocarmine preparations revealed that the application of gibberellins inhibitde pollen degragation for all tested mutants of Fms-1,Fms2 and Fms-3 in which their breakdown in microsporogenesis occurs at microspore stage,during meiosis and at tetrad formation ,respectively.The optimum concentration and treatment time were 10mg/1 and 6-12days before flowering,GA7 proved to be preferable to GA3 for pollen fertility restoration.With the elingation of stameans by gibberellin application,viable pollens appeared frequeitly in Fms-2 mutant,being over 200grains on a 0.5mm equatorial section of anthers in the best case,as compared to the other mutants.Bioassay using dwafrice seedilings showe that the Fms-2 plants had lower levels of gibberellin in their anthers compared with normal ones. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MaYouhui en-aut-sei=Ma en-aut-mei=Youhui kn-aut-name=馬有会 kn-aut-sei=馬 kn-aut-mei=有会 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakataKei en-aut-sei=Sakata en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name=坂田圭 kn-aut-sei=坂田 kn-aut-mei=圭 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=tomato kn-keyword=tomato en-keyword=male sterile kn-keyword=male sterile en-keyword=mutant kn-keyword=mutant en-keyword=gibberellin kn-keyword=gibberellin en-keyword=fertility restoration kn-keyword=fertility restoration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=95 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=28 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200602 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=ホウレンソウ雌性間性株における突然変異誘発ならびに低シュウ酸個体の選抜 kn-title=Mutagenesis in Gynomonoecious Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Plants and Selection of Low Oxalate Variants en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=本実験では,ホウレンソウ雌性間性株における突然変異誘発ならびに低シュウ酸個体の選抜を試みた.種子照射の変異原としては,γ線と220MeV 12C kn-abstract=This study was conducted to evalute mutagenesis in gynomonoecious spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) plants for inducing low oxalate variants.Gamma-ray and ion beams of 220 MeV12C5+ and 50MeV 4He2+ ware used as mutagen in seed irradiation. Optimum dosages for irradiation were determined to be about 100Gy, 15-20Gy and 150-200Gy in gamma-ray, 12C5+ and 4He2+, respectively. In M2 generation, there was one line segregating albino seedlings, one line segregating xantha seedlings and two lines segregating dioesious spinach. To save on labor and time for analysis, selection of low oxalate variants in M2generation was conducted by a two-step selebtion which consisted of the first snalysis of bulked leaves from 2 plants as one specimen followed by the second analysis of selected individual plants. In the first analysis of 813 specimens, we selected 13 specimens as low and 9 specimens as high in oxalate content. In the second analysus, there was consistency in the distribution of low and high oxalate content corresponding to the first screening, indicating that selebtion of low oxalate variants could be achived by this two-step selebtion with half the labor and time for analysis as compares to non-bulked method. There were no clear differences in distribution of oxalate content between M3progenies of plants selected as low or high oxalate content, suggesting that the low oxalate content in plants isolated in M2generation was not of a genetic origin. From these results, it seems to be necessary to explore a variant with obvious deviation from the bontinuous variation of oxalate content in the M 2 generation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HataNaoki en-aut-sei=Hata en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=畑直樹 kn-aut-sei=畑 kn-aut-mei=直樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaYuichi en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name=吉田裕一 kn-aut-sei=吉田 kn-aut-mei=裕一 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name=田中淳 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=淳 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShikazonoNaoya en-aut-sei=Shikazono en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name=鹿園直哉 kn-aut-sei=鹿園 kn-aut-mei=直哉 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Hase en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name=長谷純宏 kn-aut-sei=長谷 kn-aut-mei=純宏 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Radiation-Applied Biology Division, JAEA affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Radiation-Applied Biology Division, JAEA affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Radiation-Applied Biology Division, JAEA en-keyword=gamma-ray kn-keyword=gamma-ray en-keyword=ion beam kn-keyword=ion beam en-keyword=low oxalate kn-keyword=low oxalate en-keyword=mutation breeding kn-keyword=mutation breeding en-keyword=screening kn-keyword=screening END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=1991 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Fruit Yield and Quality of Tomatoes as Affected by Rootstocks in Long-term Nutrient Film Tecnique Culture kn-title=NFT水耕トマトの長期栽培における果実収量と品質に及ぼす台木の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=最近,トマトの養液栽培においても地下部病害の発生が見られるようになって来た.これを回避する方法の一つは土栽培と同様に病害抵抗性台木に接ぎ木することである.本研究は台木KNVF-R3とLS-89に接ぎ木し長期栽培したトマトについて,残存培養液の濃度変化および果実収量と品質を調査し,NFT水耕における接ぎ木の意義について考察したものである. 当初の培養温のNO3-N,P,K,Ca,Mgはそれぞれ園試標準濃度の16,4,8,8,4me/lに設定し,水と養分を補給する時に当初のEC2.4mS/cmに調整して栽培したところ,いずれの台木とも定植2か月後の12月末まではNO3-N,Ca,Mg濃度は極めて安定で,それ以降は徐々に上昇した.一方,PとKは定植後より徐々に低下する傾向を示し2月下旬の第3段果房収穫時には残存培養液中にほとんど存在しなかった.EC値が非常に高くなったためこの生育段階からEC1.2mS/cmに低めて栽培したが,数週間後に一時的に中位葉の葉縁が黄色となるK欠の典型的症状が認められた. 果実の可溶性固形物(Brix°)はいずれの台木も果房段位が上がるにつれて増加した.滴定酸度は中段果房まで除々に低下し,それより上段で再び上昇する傾向を示した.台木問では,可溶性固形物,滴定酸度とも2,3の果房を除いてKNVF-R3台が最も高かった.土栽培では一般に病害抵抗性台木に接ぎ木されると,特に果実の可溶性固形物含量が低下し食味が劣るとされるがNFT水耕ではそのような事は無く,接ぎ木はとりわけ長期栽培における病害回避の点で意味を持つものと考えられた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurusawaShuji en-aut-sei=Furusawa en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name=古澤氏由児 kn-aut-sei=古澤 kn-aut-mei=氏由児 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=1991 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=In Vitro Rooting and Multiple Buds Formation from Asparagus Lateral Buds with Ancymidol kn-title=アスパラガス側芽培養でのアンシミドールによる発根及び多芽体形成 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=アスパラガス側芽培養での発根促進と多芽体形成のための培地条件を検討した.供試材料として‘メリーワシントン500W’の播種後15-20日令植物の側芽を用いた.側芽を5μM ancymidolと5% ショ糖添加MS培地で2月間培養したところ,生存個体の90% が発根した.一方,3.9~39μM ancymido1と3% ショ糖添加MS培地で2月間培養後に多芽体が形成した11.7μM ancymidolでは生存個体の70% と最も高率に形成し,それからは12.7本の苗条が伸長したが,そのうちの一部分は水浸状であった.正常な植物体は,0.5~10μM ancymidolと5% ショ糖を添加したMS培地で2月間培養することにより得られ,特に5~10μMancymidol添加により植え付け外植体の約70%が正常個体となった.また,5~50μM ancymidolと5% ショ糖を添加したMS培地で2月間培養すると多芽体の形成が見られ,それらをMS培地に移植することにより苗条の伸長が見られた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaSeiji en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name=高橋和久 kn-aut-sei=高橋 kn-aut-mei=和久 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikuraSatoshi en-aut-sei=Ishikura en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=石倉聡 kn-aut-sei=石倉 kn-aut-mei=聡 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=多木化学 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=広島県三次農業改良普及所 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=1990 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Growth and Sugar Contents of 2,4-D-induced Parthenocarpic Melon Fruits, cv. ‘Earl's Favorite kn-title=ネット型メロン‘アールスフェボリット’の2,4-Dによる単為結果誘導ならびに果実の肥大と糖蓄積の様相 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ネット型メロン‘アールスフェボリット’の単為結果誘導ならびに果実の肥大と糖蓄積に及ぼす植物ホルモンの効果について検討した.開花時に花柱を切除し,その切口に合成オーキシンの2,4-D,NAA,CPAを処理した.単為結果誘導には100mg/lの2,4-Dが最も効果が高く,かつ果実の肥大も交配果のそれに近い様相を呈した.しかし,成熟果実のBrix値や糖含有率は交配果に比べて低く,ネット密度は粗く貫入抵抗は大きくなった. 一方,花柱を切除せず柱頭に2,4-Dを10μl処理すると,果実にはネット密度の粗さやBrix値の低下が見られず,交配果のそれに極めて近いものとなった.この場合,2,4-D処理果の有胚種子率は約30%,交配果のそれは85%で,有胚種子の多少が必ずしもBrix値や糖含有率に影響を及ぼすものではないと考えられた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaoHirohumi en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Hirohumi kn-aut-name=長尾博文 kn-aut-sei=長尾 kn-aut-mei=博文 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=1990 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Production and Proliferation of Bulbs from Receptacles of Virus Free Garlic Plant kn-title=ニンニクのウイルス・フリー株の生産性及び花床培養による増殖 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=ニンニクの茎頂培養によるウィルスフリー株の育成を試み,フリー株と罹病株の球の生産性の比較を行った.またフリー株の増殖を目的とした花床培養を試みた.生産性の比較:茎頂培養により育成したウィルスフリー株からの球根と,罹病株からの球根を,圃場に植え付け翌年6月に掘り上げて球の収量を比較した.フリー株の球重は罹病株に比較して1.4倍,球数は1.2倍となった.抽台茎上の花床に形成された珠芽も多かった.花床培養:花床を8分割して培養したところ,NAAを添加したMS基本培地に植え付けた区で正常な苗条が再生し,特に0.1mg・l-1NAA添加区で苗条の再生数が多く,それらをホルモン無添加培地に移植することにより球となった.1花床から約40球が再生された。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenDzen en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Dzen kn-aut-name=陳典 kn-aut-sei=陳 kn-aut-mei=典 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=中国東北農学院 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=1989 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Deficiency and Immobility of Magnesium in Cucumber Leaves kn-title=キュウリ葉におけるマグネシウムの欠乏症と移動の難易 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=キュウリはマグネシウム欠乏症の発生し易い野菜のひとつである.本報告は主として葉におけるマグネシウム含有量の変化並びに移動の難易について検討したものである. 1.培養液の養分除去8日目における成分含有量の減少率は,葉においてP=K>全N>Mg=Ca,根において全N=K>P=Mg>Caとなり,葉のマグネシウムとカルシウム及び根のカルシウムはほとんど変化しなかった. 2.培養液の養分を除去し1か月後に葉分析を行った結果,有果区の葉は摘果区に比べマグネシウムおよびカリの含有率は低く,カルシウムの含有率は高かった.一方,1葉当たりのマグネシウム含有量は有果区に挽いても処理開始時よりわずかに増加し,カリ含有量はわずかに減少した. 3.培養液のマグネシウムを除去し葉に硫酸マグネシウムを散布した結果,散布葉のみが緑色を保ち,その上下節葉はネクロシスを呈した.さらに,散布を葉の一部に限定すると,その部分のみで緑色が保たれた.散布部位におけるマグネシウムの形態別含有率は水溶性アルコール可溶性,および不溶性のいずれも無散布部位より高かったが,とくに水溶性と不溶性マグネシウムにおいて顕著であった. 4.以上の結果,キュウリ葉におけるマグネシウムの移動は容易ではなく,特に,散布したマグネシウムはほとんど移動しないと考えられた。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=1989 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=人工培地上でのアスパラガスの頂芽及び側芽由来の雌雄小植物体の発根 kn-title=In vitro Rooting of Male and Female Asparagus Derived from Apices and Lateral Bud Explants en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Treatments to promote in vitro rooting of shoots derived from apices and lateral buds of male and female asparagus plants were studied. Effects of phytohormones, NAA and BA, IBA and Rootone (0.4% α-naphthylacetoamide) were evaluated. Apices and lateral buds placed on MS basal medium +0.3mg・l-1NAA and 0.1mg・ I-1lBA as a root-initiation medium for 0, 2 , 3 and 4 weeks followed by transfer to MS basal medium indicated that two or three weeks treatment was the most effective on rooting of mlale lateral buds and female apices. Apices and lateral buds were also placed on MS medium containing 0. 0.01, 0.1, 1,0 and 10.0mg・l-1 of IBA. Seventy % of male lateral shoots rooted on MS medium +1 mgl-1IBA, but it was ineffective for female shoots. Rootone was the most effective on rootin of lateral shoots, irrespective of sexes, but ineffective on apical shoots. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsubaraSachiko en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=松原幸子 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiKazuhisa en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Kazuhisa kn-aut-name=高橋和久 kn-aut-sei=高橋 kn-aut-mei=和久 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=29 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Growth Characters and Genetic Inheritance in Tomato cv. 'First' Musant with Short Internodes Induced by Seed Irradiation with Ion Beam kn-title=トマト‘ファースト’種子へのイオンビーム照射によって誘発された短節茎突然変異体の生育肥大特性と遺伝様式 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cv. 'First' mutants with short internodes grew vigorously. The number of leaves slightly increased and the shape of the leaves was similar to wild type. In inflorescence morphology, the number of flowers increased and the length of peduncle and pedicel were shorter. In fruit characteristics, weight per fruit, total yield, sugar and acid contents were similar to wild type. But a lot of malformed fruit set was observed in the mutant line, due to the number of locules and short length of the peduncle and pedisel. The segregation ratio of the short internodes character fitted 3:1 of normal:short ,hence it was considered to be contralled by a single pair of recessive genes. Allelism with alresdy known dwart gene was examined by crossing with 'Alisa Craig', which had a symbolized dwart gene, br or bu. Thereby, it was revealed that bu and short internodes gene ware in the same gene locus. This mutant line has no negative effect on plant growth and fruit yield, but was unsuitable for use as fresh fruit by reason of malformed fruits. These results indicated the possibility of breeding of a new cultivar with bu gene derived from 'First'. Since the mutant with short internodes is derived from 'First', which is already a commercial variety with excellent characteristics, raising a new commercial variety with short internodes trait may not take a long time. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name=桝田正治 kn-aut-sei=桝田 kn-aut-mei=正治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name=湯浅寿彦 kn-aut-sei=湯浅 kn-aut-mei=寿彦 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKenji en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name=村上賢治 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=賢治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=bu gene kn-keyword=bu gene en-keyword=ion beam kn-keyword=ion beam en-keyword=mutant kn-keyword=mutant en-keyword=short internodes kn-keyword=short internodes en-keyword=tomato kn-keyword=tomato END