BMCActa Medica Okayama1472-68312512025Exploring the relationship between posture-dependent airway assessment in orthodontics: insights from kinetic MRI, cephalometric data, and three-dimensional MRI analysis745ENNaokiOkaDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityJanvierHabumugishaDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityMasahiroNakamuraDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTomokiKataokaDivision of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tottori UniversityAtsuroFujisawaDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNoriakiKawanabeDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakashiIzawaDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHiroshiKamiokaDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityBackground Previous studies have assessed the upper airway using various examination methods, such as cephalometric imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, there is a significant gap in the research regarding the relationship between these different imaging modalities. This study compares airway assessments using kinetic MRI and cephalometric scans, examining their correlation with three dimensional (3D) MRI data.<br>
Materials and methods Kinetic MRI, cephalometric scans, and 3D MRI of forty-seven participants were used in the present study. Airway areas and widths were measured at the retropalatal, retroglossal, and hypopharyngeal levels in both kinetic MRI and cephalometric scans. Airway volumes were calculated from 3D MRI data. Statistical analyses, including the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, Spearman correlation, and multiple linear regression, were performed to evaluate the data and identify significant differences, correlations, and prediction models, respectively.<br>
Results Significant differences were found between kinetic MRI and cephalometric scans. Cephalometric data showed larger airway areas and widths compared to kinetic MRI measurements. Although both cephalometric and kinetic MRI showed a correlation with 3D MRI, kinetic MRI demonstrated stronger correlations with 3D MRI airway volumes than cephalometric scans. According to our linear regression model equations, RPA-Max (maximum retropalatal airway area) and RPA (retropalatal airway area) can elucidate variations in RPV (retropalatal airway volume). RGA-Med (median retroglossal airway area) and RGA-Min (minimum retroglossal airway area) can explain variations in RGV (retroglossal airway volume). HPA (hypopharyngeal airway area) and ULHPAW-Max (maximum upper limit hypopharyngeal airway width) account for variations in HPV (hypopharyngeal airway volume). Additionally, TA-Max (maximum total airway area) can account for variations in TPV (total pharyngeal airway volume).ConclusionBoth cephalometric data and kinetic MRI data showed correlations with 3D MRI data. The shared posture of kinetic MRI and 3D MRI led to stronger correlations between these two modalities. Although cephalometric data had fewer correlations with 3D MRI and predictors for 3D airway volume, they were still significant. Our study highlights the complementary nature of kinetic MRI and cephalometric imaging, as both provide valuable information for airway assessment and exhibit significant correlations with 3D MRI data.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama1320-546320212021Investigation of the molecular causes underlying physical abnormalities in Diamond‐Blackfan anemia patients with RPL5 haploinsufficiency111ENYukoFukuiDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University SatoruHayanoDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama UniversityNoriakiKawanabeDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama UniversityZiyiWangDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama UniversityAkiraShimadaDepartment of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Okayama University Hospital Megumu K.SaitoDepartment of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application Kyoto UniversityIsaoAsakaDepartment of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application Kyoto UniversityHiroshiKamiokaDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama UniversityDiamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in genes encoding ribosomal proteins and characterized by erythroid aplasia and various physical abnormalities. Although accumulating evidence suggests that defective ribosome biogenesis leads to p53-mediated apoptosis in erythroid progenitor cells, little is known regarding the underlying causes of the physical abnormalities. In this study, we established induced pluripotent stem cells from a DBA patient with RPL5 haploinsufficiency. These cells retained the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. However, RPL5 haploinsufficiency impaired the production of mucins and increased apoptosis in differentiated chondrocytes. Increased expression of the pro-apoptotic genes BAX and CASP9 further indicated that RPL5 haploinsufficiency triggered p53-mediated apoptosis in chondrocytes. MDM2, the primary negative regulator of p53, plays a crucial role in erythroid aplasia in DBA patient. We found the phosphorylation level of MDM2 was significantly decreased in RPL5 haploinsufficient chondrocytes. In stark contrast, we found no evidence that RPL5 haploinsufficiency impaired osteogenesis. Collectively, our data support a model in which RPL5 haploinsufficiency specifically induces p53-mediated apoptosis in chondrocytes through MDM2 inhibition, which leads to physical abnormalities in DBA patients.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7522021Camouflage Treatment for Skeletal Maxillary Protrusion and Lateral Deviation with Classic-Type Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome205212ENMitsuhiroHoshijimaDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNoriakiKawanabeDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSeijiIidaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakashiYamashiroDepartment of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka UniversityHiroshiKamiokaDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesCase Report10.18926/AMO/61902We herein report the case of a 19-year-old female with a transverse discrepancy, skeletal Class II malocclusion, severe crowding with concerns of classic-type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), aesthetics problems and functional problems. The main characteristics of classic EDS are loose-jointedness and fragile, easily bruised skin that heals with peculiar “cigarette-paper” scars. The anteroposterior and transverse skeletal discrepancies can generally be resolved by maxilla repositioning and mandibular advancement surgery following pre-surgical orthodontic treatment. However, this patient was treated with orthodontic camouflage but not orthognathic surgery because of the risks of skin bruising, poor healing and a temporomandibular disorder. A satisfactory dental appearance and occlusion were achieved after camouflage treatment with orthodontic anchor screws and the use of Class II elastics, including the preservation of the stomatognathic functions. Acceptable occlusion and dentition were maintained after a two-year retention period. This treatment strategy of orthodontic camouflage using temporary anchorage, such as anchor screws and Class II elastics, may be a viable treatment option for skeletal malocclusion patients with EDS.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7052016A Single-center, Open-label, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of the Indirect Bonding Technique413416ENTakashiMurakamiDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University HospitalNoriakiKawanabeDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomokiKataokaDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMitsuhiroHoshijimaDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHirokiKomoriDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAtsuroFujisawaDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHiroshiKamiokaDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesClinical Study Protocols10.18926/AMO/54604Although accurate bracket placement is essential for orthodontic treatment, many practitioners apply brackets indiscriminately with direct or indirect bonding techniques. Nonetheless, there have been few prospective clinical comparisons of the 2 techniques. We will therefore conduct a single-center, randomized control trial in 100 patients aged ≥12 years and diagnosed with malocclusion. All patients will receive orthodontic treatment using brackets with direct or indirect bonding techniques. The primary endpoints will be the total treatment time, occlusal index, discomfort at bonding, and oral hygiene after bonding. This study will clarify whether indirect bonding can improve the efficiency of orthodontic treatment.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X6752013Relationship between Orthodontic Expertise and Perception of Need for Orthodontic Treatment for Mandibular Protrusion in Japan277283ENTakashiMurakamiAkihitoFujiiYuyaKawabataHiroakiTakakuraRieYamaueTarek Abdulsamad Ali BalamShingoKurodaNoriakiKawanabeHiroshiKamiokaTakashiYamashiroOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/51863The aims of this study were to investigate how the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR index) predicts the perceived need for orthodontic treatment of mandibular protrusion in Japanese subjects, and to elucidate
whether the perceived need for treatment was affected by the ratersʼ orthodontic expertise. The subjects were 110 dental students and 32 orthodontists. We showed them casts of 10 untreated mandibular
protrusion cases and gave them a questionnaire in which they had to describe their perceptions of the orthodontic treatment needs using a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS). The PAR index was used for cast evaluation. The PAR index scores showed significant correlations with the VAS scores. In casts with a low PAR score, there were no differences in the VAS scores between orthodontists and students. In casts with a PAR score greater than 23, the orthodontists perceived a significantly greater treatment need than did the students;for scores of 22, 28, and 29, students who had received orthodontic treatment themselves were more likely to perceive the treatment need. The PAR index is a good clinical predictor for assessing the perceived treatment needs for mandibular protrusion. Perception of the need for orthodontic treatment for mandibular protrusion depended on the degree of orthodontic expertise in Japanese subjects.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X6452010Intraoral Vertical Ramus Osteotomy Improved the Stomatognathic Function in an Elderly Patient with Mandibular Protrusion:A Case Report345349ENYoshihitoIshiharaShingoKurodaNoriakiKawanabeTerukoTakano-YamamotoTakashiYamashiroCase Report10.18926/AMO/40511This article reports the successful surgical-orthodontic treatment of an elderly patient with dentofacial deformity and signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). The patient was a 63-year-old woman with a concave profile due to mandibular protrusion. To correct skeletal deformities, the mandible was posteriorly repositioned by employing intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) following presurgical orthodontic treatment. After active treatment for 31 months, the facial profile was significantly improved and satisfactory occlusion was achieved. In addition, TMD symptoms of clicking sounds on the left side and difficulty in mouth opening were resolved. Regarding the findings of magnetic resonance imaging, anterior disc displacement in the opening phase was improved in the temporomandibular joint on the left side. Furthermore, stomatognathic functions were also improved without any aggravation of age-related problems. In conclusion, surgical repositioning of the mandible using IVRO leads to both morphological and functional improvements even in elderly patients.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.