Nature Portfolio Acta Medica Okayama 2045-2322 14 1 2024 Basic characteristics of tongue pressure and electromyography generated by articulation of a syllable using the posterior part of the tongue 20756 EN Yousuke Manda Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Naoki Kodama Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Keitaro Mori Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Reimi Adachi Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Makoto Matsugishi Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Shogo Minagi Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University The basic function of the tongue in pronouncing diadochokinesis and other syllables is not fully understood. This study investigates the influence of sound pressure levels and syllables on tongue pressure and muscle activity in 19 healthy adults (mean age: 28.2 years; range: 22-33 years). Tongue pressure and activity of the posterior tongue were measured using electromyography (EMG) when the velar stops /ka/, /ko/, /ga/, and /go/ were pronounced at 70, 60, 50, and 40 dB. Spearman's rank correlation revealed a significant, yet weak, positive association between tongue pressure and EMG activity (rho = 0.14, p < 0.05). Mixed-effects model analysis showed that tongue pressure and EMG activity significantly increased at 70 dB compared to other sound pressure levels. While syllables did not significantly affect tongue pressure, the syllable /ko/ significantly increased EMG activity (coefficient = 0.048, p = 0.013). Although no significant differences in tongue pressure were observed for the velar stops /ka/, /ko/, /ga/, and /go/, it is suggested that articulation is achieved by altering the activity of both extrinsic and intrinsic tongue muscles. These findings highlight the importance of considering both tongue pressure and muscle activity when examining the physiological factors contributing to sound pressure levels during speech. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

MDPI Acta Medica Okayama 1996-1944 15 21 2022 Does Multifunctional Acrylate's Addition to Methacrylate Improve Its Flexural Properties and Bond Ability to CAD/CAM PMMA Block? 7564 EN Yukinori Maruo Department of Prosthodontics, Okayama University Kumiko Yoshihara Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Masao Irie Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Noriyuki Nagaoka Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School Takuya Matsumoto Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Shogo Minagi Department of Prosthodontics, Okayama University This study investigated the effects of a multifunctional acrylate copolymer-Trimethylolpropane Triacrylate (TMPTA) and Di-pentaerythritol Polyacrylate (A-DPH)-on the mechanical properties of chemically polymerized acrylic resin and its bond strength to a CAD/CAM polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) disk. The methyl methacrylate (MMA) samples were doped with one of the following comonomers: TMPTA, A-DPH, or Trimethylolpropane Trimethacrylate (TMPTMA). The doping ratio ranged from 10 wt% to 50 wt% in 10 wt% increments. The flexural strength (FS) and modulus (FM) of PMMA with and without comonomer doping, as well as the shear bond strength (SBS) between the comonomer-doped PMMA and CAD/CAM PMMA disk, were evaluated. The highest FS (93.2 +/- 4.2 MPa) was obtained when doped with 20 wt% of TMPTA. For TMPTMA, the FS decreased with the increase in the doping ratio. For SBS, TMPTA showed almost constant values (ranging from 7.0 to 8.2 MPa) regardless of the doping amount, and A-DPH peaked at 10 wt% doping (8.7 +/- 2.2 MPa). TMPTMA showed two peaks at 10 wt% (7.2 +/- 2.6 MPa) and 40 wt% (6.5 +/- 2.3 MPa). Regarding the failure mode, TMPTMA showed mostly adhesive failure between the CAD/CAM PMMA disk and acrylic resin while TMPTA and A-DPH showed an increased rate of cohesive or mixed failures. Acrylate's addition as a comonomer to PMMA provided improved mechanical properties and bond strength to the CAD/CAM PMMA disk. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

MDPI Acta Medica Okayama 2075-4418 12 9 2022 Craniomaxillofacial Fibrous Dysplasia Improved Cosmetic and Occlusal Problem by Comprehensive Treatment: A Case Report and Review of Current Treatments 2146 EN Kisho Ono Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Norie Yoshioka Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Yuki Kunisada Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Tomoya Nakamura Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Yuko Nakamura Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Kyoichi Obata Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Soichiro Ibaragi Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Shogo Minagi Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Akira Sasaki Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a fibrous lesion of immature bone, with an incidence of 10-20% in the head and neck region. Most cases are monostotic, but when a lesion occurs on the maxillofacial region and spreads to the surrounding bone, it is classified as polyostotic, despite its localized occurrence. In some cases, surgical intervention is required to improve the cosmetic or functional disturbance of a FD in the maxillofacial region, but it is necessary to confirm symmetry of the maxillofacial region in real time, and a surgical support system is required to compensate. Furthermore, prosthetic intervention is considered when postoperative acquired defects occur or further cosmetic or occlusal function improvement is needed. A comprehensive approach by an oral surgeon and a maxillofacial prosthodontist is necessary for the successful treatment and rehabilitation of such patients. In this article, we describe the case of a craniomaxillofacial FD patient with facial asymmetry and denture incompatibility with improved quality of life measures by integrating surgical treatment using a navigation system and postoperative prosthetic rehabilitation. We also discuss recent diagnostic methods and treatment strategies for craniomaxillofacial FD in the literature. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

BMJ Publishing Group Acta Medica Okayama 2044-6055 12 7 2022 Efficacy of soft palatal augmentation prosthesis for oral functional rehabilitation in patients with dysarthria and dysphagia: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial e060040 EN Tomonori Yokoyama Department of Occlusal & Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Takao Mukai Division of Oral Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital Naoki Kodama Department of Occlusal & Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kana Takao Division of Oral Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital Takashi Hiraoka Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School Nobuyuki Arai Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School Jitsuro Yano Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare Hiroaki Nagatsuka Department of Occlusal & Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yousuke Manda Department of Occlusal & Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kozo Hanayama Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School Shogo Minagi Department of Occlusal & Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Introduction Palatal augmentation prosthesis (PAP) is used in patients with articulation and swallowing disorders caused by postoperative loss of tongue tissue due to tongue cancer, cerebrovascular disease sequelae and age-related hypofunction. We have previously reported a newly designed soft PAP fabricated using an thermoplastic material that is particularly appropriate for early intervention. However, the effect of soft PAP on oral function improvement remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study is to investigate whether soft PAP can improve dysarthria and dysphagia occurring as cerebrovascular disease sequelae. Methods and analysis This prospective, randomised, controlled trial will compare the immediate and training effects of rehabilitation using soft PAP with those of rehabilitation without using it. Primary outcomes are the single-word intelligibility test score and pharyngeal transit time (PTT). Secondary outcomes are tongue function (evaluated based on maximum tongue pressure, repetitions of tongue pressure and endurance of tongue pressure), articulation function (evaluated based on speech intelligibility, oral diadochokinesis, Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL)) and swallowing function (evaluated using Eating Assessment Tool-10). The study results will help determine the efficacy of Soft PAP in improving functional outcomes of word intelligibility and PTT. We hypothesised that early rehabilitation using Soft PAP would more effectively improve articulation and swallowing function compared with conventional rehabilitation without using soft PAP. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was obtained from the Okayama University Certified Review Board. The study findings will be published in an open access, peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences and research meetings. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山医学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0030-1558 133 3 2021 歯学領域におけるAIとAI研究開始時の障壁 181 183 EN Naoki Kodama Department of Prosthodontics, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University Hospital Hikaru Sugimoto Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine， Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Shogo Minagi Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine， Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

SAGE Publications Acta Medica Okayama 2280-8000 18 2020 Flexural properties, bond ability, and crystallographic phase of highly translucent multi-layered zirconia 2280800020942717 EN Yukinori Maruo Department of Occlusion and Removable Prosthodontics, Okayama University Kumiko Yoshihara National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Health Research Institute Masao Irie Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Goro Nishigawa Department of Occlusion and Removable Prosthodontics Noriyuki Nagaoka Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Takuya Matsumoto Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Shogo Minagi Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University This study investigated the mechanical properties, bond ability, and crystallographic forms of different sites in a highly translucent, multi-layered zirconia disk. Flexural properties, bond ability to resin cement, and phase composition were investigated at three sites of a highly translucent, multi-layered zirconia disk: incisal, middle, and cervical. Flexural strength (FS) and flexural modulus (FM) were measured with static three-point flexural test. Shear bond strength (SB) to resin cement was measured after 24 h storage (37°C). Phase composition under mechanical stress was analyzed using X-ray diffraction. Without air abrasion, FS at the incisal site yielded the lowest value and was significantly lower than the middle and cervical sites. Air abrasion lowered the FS of each site. FM at the incisal site without air abrasion showed the significantly lowest value, and air abrasion increased its FM value. At the middle and cervical sites, their FM values were higher than the incisal site but were not significantly affected by air abrasion. SB value did not show significant differences among the sites. After sintering, cubic zirconia was detected at each site. Rhombohedral phase transformation occurred after mirror polishing. In highly translucent, multi-layered zirconia which was mainly composed of cubic zirconia, rhombohedral phase transformation occurred under mechanical stress and resulted in weakened mechanical properties. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

MDPI Acta Medica Okayama 1422-0067 21 20 2020 CCN3 (NOV) Drives Degradative Changes in Aging Articular Cartilage 7556 EN Miho Kuwahara Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Koichi Kadoya Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Sei Kondo Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Shanqi Fu Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Yoshiko Miyake Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Ayako Ogo Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Mitsuaki Ono Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Takayuki Furumatsu Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Eiji Nakata Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Takako Sasaki Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University Shogo Minagi Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Masaharu Takigawa Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School/Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Satoshi Kubota Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Takako Hattori Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Aging is a major risk factor of osteoarthritis, which is characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage. CCN3, a member of the CCN family, is expressed in cartilage and has various physiological functions during chondrocyte development, differentiation, and regeneration. Here, we examine the role of CCN3 in cartilage maintenance. During aging, the expression of Ccn3 mRNA in mouse primary chondrocytes from knee cartilage increased and showed a positive correlation with p21 and p53 mRNA. Increased accumulation of CCN3 protein was confirmed. To analyze the effects of CCN3 in vitro, either primary cultured human articular chondrocytes or rat chondrosarcoma cell line (RCS) were used. Artificial senescence induced by H2O2 caused a dose-dependent increase in Ccn3 gene and CCN3 protein expression, along with enhanced expression of p21 and p53 mRNA and proteins, as well as SA-beta gal activity. Overexpression of CCN3 also enhanced p21 promoter activity via p53. Accordingly, the addition of recombinant CCN3 protein to the culture increased the expression of p21 and p53 mRNAs. We have produced cartilage-specific CCN3-overexpressing transgenic mice, and found degradative changes in knee joints within two months. Inflammatory gene expression was found even in the rib chondrocytes of three-month-old transgenic mice. Similar results were observed in human knee articular chondrocytes from patients at both mRNA and protein levels. These results indicate that CCN3 is a new senescence marker of chondrocytes, and the overexpression of CCN3 in cartilage may in part promote chondrocyte senescence, leading to the degeneration of articular cartilage through the induction of p53 and p21. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Okayama University Medical School Acta Medica Okayama 0386-300X 70 3 2016 Structure of a New Palatal Plate and the Artificial Tongue for Articulation Disorder in a Patient with Subtotal Glossectomy 205 211 EN Ken-ichi Kozaki Department of Dental Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Shigehisa Kawakami Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Takayuki Konishi Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Okayama University Hospital Keiji Ohta Dental Laboratory Division, Okayama University Hospital Jitsuro Yano Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Tomoo Onoda Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Hiroshi Matsumoto Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Nobuyoshi Mizukawa Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Hospital Yoshihiro Kimata Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Kazunori Nishizaki Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Seiji Iida Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Akio Gofuku Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Masanobu Abe Department of Computer Science, Okayama University Shogo Minagi Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama Dream Speech Project Case Report 10.18926/AMO/54420 A palatal augmentation prosthesis (PAP) is used to facilitate improvement in the speech and swallowing functions of patients with tongue resection or tongue movement disorders. However, a PAPʼs effect is limited in cases where articulation disorder is severe due to wide glossectomy and/or segmental mandibulectomy. In this paper, we describe speech outcomes of a patient with an articulation disorder following glossectomy and segmental mandibulectomy. We used a palatal plate (PP) based on a PAP, along with an artificial tongue (KAT). Speech improvement was evaluated by a standardized speech intelligibility test consisting of 100 syllables. The speech intelligibility score was significantly higher when the patient wore both the PP and KAT than when he wore neither (p＝0.013). The conversational intelligibility score was significantly improved with the PP and KAT than without PP and KAT (p＝0.024). These results suggest that speech function can be improved in patients with hard tissue defects with segmental mandibulectomy using both a PP and a KAT. The nature of the design of the PP and that of the KAT will allow these prostheses to address a wide range of tissue defects. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd. Acta Medica Okayama 0003-9969 59 2 2014 Memory-related gene expression profile of the male rat hippocampus induced by teeth extraction and occlusal support recovery 133 141 EN Sachiyo Iida Tetsuya Hara Daisuke Araki Chisa Ishimine-Kuroda Akimasa Kurozumi Shunichi Sakamoto Takako Miyazaki Shogo Minagi Objectives: The present study aimed to identify the effect of memory-related genes on male rats tested for spatial memory with either molar teeth extraction or its restoration by occlusal support using experimental dentures. Design: Memory-related genes were detected from hippocampi of male Wistar rats (exposed to teeth extraction with or without dentures, or no extraction (control)) (7-week old) after behavioural testing (via the radial maze task) using a DNA microarray. The time course of the expression of these genes was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (on 49-week-old rats). Results: In preliminary experiments, to determine which memory genes are affected by spatial memory training, DNA microarray analysis revealed that thyrotropin-releasing hormone (Trh) and tenascin XA (Tnxa) were up-regulated and neuronatin (Nnat) and S100a9 were down-regulated after the maze training. The expression of Tnxa, Nnat and S100a9 of 49-week-old rats (during the time course) via quantitative real-time PCR was consistent with the results of microarrays of the preliminary experiment. Expression of Trh that was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR did not agree with the results for this gene from the microarray for all groups. Therefore, expression of Trh may have increased in only young, trained rats. The expression of S100a9 prior to the maze task was down-regulated in only the extraction group. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that Trh, Tnxa and Nnat genes were affected according to the degree of memory in male rats. This study also indicated that S100a9 is a memory-related gene, which is affected by the presence of occlusal support. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山歯学会 Acta Medica Okayama 0913-3941 28 1 2009 岡山大学病院周術期管理センター(歯科部門)設立後5ヵ月間の活動内容および今後の展開 37 42 EN Reiko Yamanaka Yoshihiko Soga Kumiko Nawachi Yoshinobu Yanagi Naoki Kodama Takashi Nakata Rumi Miura Misao Hagawa Tetsuo Takeuchi Mieko Yamane Manabu Morita Shogo Takashiba Jun-ichi Asami Shogo Minagi Masahiro Yoshiyama Tsutomu Shimono Takuo Kuboki Akira Sasaki Kiyoshi Morita No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.