<?xml version="1.0" encoding="Windows-31J"?>
<ArticleSet xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/">
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName/>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn/>
      <Volume>1</Volume>
      <Issue/>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>2002</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>Detection of defects at BGA solder joints by using X-ray imaging</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">191</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>196</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Tetsuhiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sumimoto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Munehiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Mondou</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Noboru</FirstName>
        <LastName>Furukawa</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Saburo</FirstName>
        <LastName>Okada</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi"/>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>&lt;p&gt;In the surface mount technology, a ball grid array (BGA) has been used in the production of PC boards. This paper deals with the detection of defects at BGA solder joints in PC boards by using X-ray imaging. Types of defects at BGA solder joints are solder bridge, missing connection, solder voids, open connection and misregistration of parts. The problems of image analysis for the detection of defects at BGA solder joints are the detection accuracy and image processing time according to the speed of the production line. To get the design data for the development of the inspection system used in the surface mount process, it is important to develop image analysis techniques based on X-ray image data. At the first step of our study, we attempt to detect the characteristics of the solder bridges based on the image analysis technique. &lt;/p&gt;
</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">X-ray imaging</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">ball grid arrays</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">inspection</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">printed circuit manufacture</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">quality control</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">surface mount technology</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName/>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn/>
      <Volume>2</Volume>
      <Issue/>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>2003</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>Development of image analysis for detection of defects of BGA by using X-ray images</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">1131</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>1136</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Tetsuhiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sumimoto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Munehiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Mondou</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Noboru</FirstName>
        <LastName>Furukawa</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Saburo</FirstName>
        <LastName>Okada</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi"/>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>&lt;p&gt;In the surface mount technology, Ball Grid Array (BGA) has been used in a production of PC boards, because of their excellent characters such as high density of the lead pin pitch, better lead rigidity and self-alignment during re-flow processing. This paper deals with the development of image analysis for the detection of defects at BGA solder joints in PC boards by using X-ray images. In the conventional IC boards, it is possible to detect defects of solder joints by visual inspection, because the lead of IC package is set on its outside. However, we can't detect visually defects at BGA solder joints, because they are hidden under the IC package. In a production line, the inspection of BGA in PC boards depends on the function test of electric circuits in the final process. To improve a cost performance and the reliability of PC boards, an inspection of BGA is required in the surface mount process. Types of defects at BGA solder joints are solder bridge, missing connection, solder voids, open connection and miss-registration of parts. As we can find mostly solder bridge in these defects, we pick up this to detect solder bridge in a production line. The problems of image analysis for the detection of defects at BGA solder joints are the detection accuracy and image processing time according to a line speed of production. To get design data for the development of the inspection system, which can be used easily in the surface mount process, it is important to develop image analysis techniques based on X-ray image data. At the first step of our study, we attempt to detect the characteristic of the solder bridges based on an image analysis. &lt;/p&gt;
</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">X-ray imaging</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">ball grid arrays</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">image processing</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">inspection</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">printed circuit manufacture</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">quality control</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">surface mount technology</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学環境管理センター</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>0917-1533</Issn>
      <Volume>17</Volume>
      <Issue/>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>1995</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>診療用X線検査における撮影条件と被曝線量の関係について―特に腹部検査を対象して―</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">63</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>70</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Masayo</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sonoyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yasuki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Morioka</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Keiji</FirstName>
        <LastName>Inamura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Seiji</FirstName>
        <LastName>Tahara</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Hirofumi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Uno</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Shigefumi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kadohisa</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Tatsuya</FirstName>
        <LastName>Inoue</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshio</FirstName>
        <LastName>Hiraki</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi"/>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>Patient dose is important consideration in the radiological examination and our environment regarding radiation. Many studies have been published about patient dose, but those data were classified by each organ or tissue. Actuarially, patient dose should be checked by each examined part of patient and each exposure equipment. In this paper, we measured absorbed dose at the depth of 0-200mm with the Mix-DP phantom. The phantom is made by tissue equivalent meterial and is designed to similitude abdominal part. Percentage Depth Dose (PDD) was calculated from these doses. Three single-phase generators and three three-phases generators were used in this measurement. These measurements were analyzed by each equipment, and consequently the clear difference of PDD between the exposure equipments was not found. As the result, we can estimate patient dose at a random depth by using PDD. Furthermore, we can easily know patient dose from the tube-voltage and current time product by the calculation including PDD.These data are very useful to manager patient dose on radiological diagnosis.</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">医用放射線被曝 (patient dose)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">X線撮影条件 (X-ray exposure)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">線量測定 (Radiation dosimetry)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学環境管理センター</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>0917-1533</Issn>
      <Volume>20</Volume>
      <Issue/>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>1998</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>腹部単純X線撮影時の被曝線量―岡山県下の病院の現況―</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">17</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>21</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yasuki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Morioka</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sigefumi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kadohisa</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Tatsuya</FirstName>
        <LastName>Inoue</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshio</FirstName>
        <LastName>Hiraki</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi"/>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>In 1995, we have published a paper about the basic data on the relation between X-ray exposure equipment and patient dose in Vol. 17 of the Journal "Environment Research and Control". In this time, we questioned hospitals in Okayama Prefecture about exposure equipments of abdomen. And we compared each hospital's exposure equipments with the basic data, calculated each patient dose, then we studied that differences. Various imaging system, for example; screen/film or imaging plate has been used at each hospitals, so that exposure are various and patient doses are very different. The exposure equipment decide that the X-ray photograph is good or bad, so we cannot treat it easily. But we think that we have to try to take X-ray photographs which are suit the purpose of diagnosis which as a small patient dose as possible.</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">医用放射線被曝</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">X線撮影条件</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">線量測定</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医療技術短期大学部</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>0917-4494</Issn>
      <Volume>8</Volume>
      <Issue>1</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>1997</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>電子線治療における骨の線量分布に対する影響に関する検討</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">37</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>42</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Keiji</FirstName>
        <LastName>Inamura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Seiji</FirstName>
        <LastName>Tahara</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Hirofumi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Uno</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yasuki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Morioka</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuyosi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sakae</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N"/>
        <LastName/>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Mitsuhiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Takemoto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshio</FirstName>
        <LastName>Hiraki</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/15282</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>電子線治療は,体表面またはその近傍に発生する悪性腫瘍の治療にしばしば用いられる治療法である｡電子線はエネルギーに対応した飛程を持っており,飛程を越えると急激に線量は減少する。この性質は腫瘍に一定の線量を照射し,腫瘍後方に存在する決定臓器を保護することができるので,病巣を選択的
に治療するのに好都合である｡しかし,照射野内に人体軌部組織より密度の違う物質が存在する場合,散乱,吸収の影響が大きく,電子線線量分布は乱れたものとなる｡今回,人体内にある骨を想定してVolumeの違う骨Phantomを使
用して影響を調べたところ,骨幅によって骨後方および断端に線量の乱れが生じることがわかった｡すなわち,骨の中央ではある程度後方に距離が離れると,線量は大きく減少する現象が見られた。また,横方向の線量分布は骨断端近くで一旦線量の減少が見られ,断端を離れると急激に増加する｡したがって,実際の臨床において,Target Volume近くに骨が存在する場合は総線量の決定に際して注意が必要である｡</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">電子線治療 (electron-beam therapy)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">線量分布 (dose distribution)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">不均質物質 (inhomogeneity)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医療技術短期大学部</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>0917-4494</Issn>
      <Volume>8</Volume>
      <Issue>2</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>1998</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>The Influence of Film Processing Temperature and Time on Mammographic film Characteristics</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">121</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>129</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Shibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Tomoyuki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Takeuchi</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Mitsugi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Honda</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Akira</FirstName>
        <LastName>Yoshida</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/15261</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>The influence for developing temperature and processing time within film processing conditions was investigated using four mammographic films, Konica New CM, Fuji UM-MA HC, Kodak Min-R M and Kodak EB/RA (for rapid system). And Fuji UR-2, a double-emulsion film, was used as a control. Those sensitometric strips exposed by a sensitometer were processed in the different combinations of developing temperatures ranging from 28 to 36℃, processing times from 45 to 210 sec. Average gradient, relative speed and base plus fog obtained from the measured film characteristic
curves were evaluated for the different developing temperatures and times. Fuji UR-2 was scarcely affected and mammographic films were greatly affected in the different combinations without an increase in base plus fog except EB/RA. In New CM, UM-MA HC and Min-R M, the average gradients and the relative speeds increased as the developing temperature was higher and the developing time was longer, but the increases were limit on the combination of 36℃ and 210 sec in New CM and UM-MA HC. In EB/RA, the average gradients were almost constant and the relative speeds increased slightly like the double-emulsion film. These results suggested that it would be
possible to contribute to dose reduction and advancement of contrast in New CM, UM-MA HC and Min-R M by changing these processing parameters.</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">マンモグラフィ (Mammography)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">現像処理パラメータ (Processing Parameter)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">特性曲線 (Characteristic Curve)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">平均階調度 (Average Gradient)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">相対感度 (Relative Speed)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医療技術短期大学部</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>0917-4494</Issn>
      <Volume>8</Volume>
      <Issue>2</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>1998</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>自作ファントムによる硫酸バリウム製剤の濃度及び混合比の検討</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">113</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>119</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Shibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Tomonori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Miyahara</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Kazuyuki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sumi</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yasuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Okura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Miyake</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Kazuhiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Okuda</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Nobuyoshi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Tandani</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshio</FirstName>
        <LastName>Hiraki</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/15260</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>胃]線検査に造影剤として用いられる硫酸バリウム懸濁液の濃度を,簡便に,客観的に決定する目的で,歯科用アルギン酸塩印象材を用いて,コインの図柄を写しとったファントムを制作した｡これを使って二種類の硫酸バリウム製剤の適正濃度(PD)を調べた結果,BARITOP PとBARICON MEALを単体,若くは混合した場合には,おおよそ,PD(W/V%)=0.75C+165(ただし,CはBARICON MEALの混合比(%))となった｡また,BARICON MEALはコントラストが高く,精密検査に有利だと考えられ,BARITOP PとBARICON MEALを混合すると濃度の許容範囲が広がるため,通常の検査に都合がよいと考えられた｡更に,このファントムは簡便に作成することができ,しかも,硫酸バリウム懸濁
液との親和性も良いことから,硫酸バリウム製剤や]線TV装置の評価,増感紙･フィルム系の評価等にも応用できると考えられた｡</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">造影剤 (contrast media)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">硫酸バリウム (barium sulfate suspension)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">胃X線検査 (X-ray examination of the stomach)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">アルギン酸塩印象材 (alginate impression material)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">ファントム (phantom)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医療技術短期大学部</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>0917-4494</Issn>
      <Volume>9</Volume>
      <Issue>2</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>1999</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>Improvement of image quality on mammographic screen-film system by extended-cycle process</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">83</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>90</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshihiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Takeda</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Fumie</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kimura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Shigefumi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kadohisa</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/15252</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>Extended-cycle process is the term used for a processor in which the processing time has been prolonged usually to approximate 210 seconds. It has been known that the extended-cycle process of some single-emulsion films as used for mammography may enhance film contrast and increase
film speed. So the speed was increased in lower speed and higher resolution system than conventional systems by means of using the extended-cycle process in this paper. We investigated how much the resolution of the system was kept. A single screen-single emulsion combination, Konica
M-100/CM-H was employed as a low speed and high resolution system. This film after exposure was processed in the different combinations of developing temperatures, 30, 32 and 34℃, and processing time of 210 seconds. On the other hand, Konica M-200/CM-H was employed as a high speed system. This film was processed in the standard-cycle processing (34℃, 90 seconds). Those systems were compared on contrast, speed, screen-film blur and noise by a characteristic curve, MTF (modulation transfer function) and WS (wiener spectrum). Furthermore, the RMI 165 phantom was used to evaluate visibility of mammographic details of these systems. As a result, in the extended-cycle process at the developing temperatures of 32 or 34°C and
processing time of 210 seconds for M-100/CM-H, it was possible to increase the speed as much as the higher speed system, M-200/CM-H. Then the contrast, the MTF and the visibility were also improved as compared to the higher speed system. Furthermore patient dose could be reduced at
the developing temperature of 34℃ and processing time of 210 seconds in M-100/CM-H.</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">image quality</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">mammography</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">single screen-single emulsion film system</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">high-resolution screen</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">extended-cycle process</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医学部保健学科</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>1345-0948</Issn>
      <Volume>14</Volume>
      <Issue>1</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>2003</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>線量測定用GAFCHROMIC XR TYPE Tの特性</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">23</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>29</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Mariko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kubotsu</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Ayako</FirstName>
        <LastName>Ujifuku</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yukiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Taniguchi</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Miho</FirstName>
        <LastName>Hachiya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Hideki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Aoyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Seiji</FirstName>
        <LastName>Tahara</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Keiji</FirstName>
        <LastName>Inamura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshimitsu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Watanabe</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/15204</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>医療の高度化に伴い,近年では長時間の]線透視を行うInterventional Radiology(IVR)手技が頻繁に行われ,副作用としての難治性放射線皮膚障害例の報告が増加している｡確定的影響である放射線皮膚障害はしきい値を超えると発症し,線量に依存して障害の程度が重篤となるため,患者被曝線量の測定が重要である｡しかし,IVRでは照射部位が多彩で,焦点-皮膚間距離が不安定なため,その測定方法は確立されていない｡本研究では,近年IVR等低エネルギー線量測定用フイルムとして開発されたCAFCHROMIC XR TYPE T
について性能評価を行い,患者皮膚入射面の被曝線量測定への応用の可能性について検討した｡その結果,線量特性,線質特性,ネット値の安定性に良好な特性を示し,臨床に使用可能であったので報告する｡</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">患者被爆線量 (Patient Exposure dose)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">GAFCHROMIC XR TYPE T</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Radiochromic film</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Interventional Radiology (IVR)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">測定精度 (Radiation dosimetry)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医学部保健学科</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>1345-0948</Issn>
      <Volume>14</Volume>
      <Issue>1</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>2003</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>放射線治療時の治療患部外散乱被曝線量に関する研究</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">15</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>22</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Atsushi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kawabe</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Kazuki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kobashi</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Naoki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Yasumura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Takahiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Yamashita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Kouichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Shibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/15203</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>現代の医療のなかで癌治療において不可欠な存在となった放射線治療｡一方,放射線被曝はたとえわずかであってもリスクが伴い,厳しく規制されている｡ただし医療被曝はこの限りになく,過去においては癌患者に放射線治療をおこなう際の患部以外の被曝についてはあまり問題視されなかった｡これには癌の治療という前提に加え,長期生存の可能性が低く,存命中に晩発障害が発生することが低いと考えられていたからである｡しかし,集学的治療が確立した今後の放射線治療においては完治する放射線治療患者が多くなり,治癒後の余命が長くなることが予測される｡放射線被曝による確率的影響は閾値がなく,影響は当然現れるであろう｡そこで,放射線治療をおこなう際の患者の散乱線被曝線量,治療室内散乱線量,さらに高エネルギー放射線発生装置を取り扱うときに問題となっている中性子を測定した｡その結果,測定線量は治療患部外被曝,室内散乱線量ともに無視できない量であることがわかった｡中性子については,人体に影響がある線量は検出されなかったが,中性子の存在は室内物品の放射化の可能性を示唆するもので定期的な測定管理が必要である｡また,]線撮影室用の防護衣による散乱線被曝の低減効果は放射線治療室では無意味であった｡</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">散乱線被曝 (Exposure of scattered rays)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">中性子 (Neutron)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">放射線治療 (Radiotherapy)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">確率的影響 (Stochastic effect)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医学部保健学科</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>1345-0948</Issn>
      <Volume>17</Volume>
      <Issue>1</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>2007</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>Quantitative evaluation of micromotion of cultured cells using electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) method - cell-to-cell distance and cell-to-substrate distance -</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">9</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>15</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Noriko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goda</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitake</FirstName>
        <LastName>Yamamoto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Takao</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakamura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshimasa</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kusuhara</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/15168</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>We have proposed a mathematical model for the micro-dynamics for cultured cells measured with ECIS system for the detection of nanometer-order dynamics of cells cultured
on a small gold electrode and could separately evaluate cell-to-cell distance (A) and cell-to-substrate distance (h). For wide applications of this method, we constructed
mathematical models which express cell-to-electrode impedances for some kinds of confluent conditions. Based on this mathematical model, we defined new parameters S(A)
and S(h) in order to evaluate cell-to-cell distance and cell-to-substrate distance. As the application, we investigated the effect of X-irradiation to bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC). We analyzed the micro-dynamics of cells from the impedance of BAEC before and after X-irradiation. It was proved that the stimulation of 100 Gy X-irradiation to the BAEC resulted in the large scale of increase in the cell-to-cell distances (A), and the slight increase in the cell-to-substrate distances (h) accompany with continuous fluctuations.</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">ECIS method (ECIS法)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">bio-electrical impedance (生体インピーダンス)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">cultured cell modeling (細胞培養)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">micromotion of cultured cells (細胞微細挙動)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">X-irradiation (放射線被曝)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医療技術短期大学部</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>0917-4494</Issn>
      <Volume>7</Volume>
      <Issue>1</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>1996</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>ビームフラットネスアナライザ（7000型 THEBES）の基礎的性能の検討</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">23</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>27</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Nobuhiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Oguri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshihiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Okawa</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Hiroyuki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Wakasa</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Isao</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nagaya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Shibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yasutaka</FirstName>
        <LastName>Mikami</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Keiji</FirstName>
        <LastName>Inamura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yasuki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Morioka</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshio</FirstName>
        <LastName>Hiraki</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/11766</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>癌の有力な治療法の1つである放射線治療はシステム全体の許容誤差が±5％と、正確な治療が要求されている。正確な線量を正確な場所に照射されなければならない。そのためには日頃から照射装置のQuality Control が重要である。Beam平坦度の測定はその中でも、重要な項目で1／6月の測定頻度が勧告されている。今回、市販のBeam Flatness Analyzer (7000型 THEBES) を使用する機会を得たので、その基礎的性能であるChamber 相互の感度のちがい、測定値の再現性、識別可能な最小線量について実験を行った。各項目とも誤差が非常に少なく、日常の使用に際してそのデータは十分信頼できるものであることがわかった。</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">放射線治療 (radiation therapy)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">ビーム平坦度 (beam flatness)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">性能評価 (valuation of property)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">電子加速器 (electron accelerator)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医療技術短期大学部</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>0917-4494</Issn>
      <Volume>6</Volume>
      <Issue/>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>1996</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>清涼飲料入り胃X線検査用造影剤の臨床応用</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">15</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>21</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Shibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yasuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Okura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Natsukawa</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Nobuyoshi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Tandani</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Eitaro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nobuhara</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yasuki</FirstName>
        <LastName>Morioka</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshihiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Takeda</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshio</FirstName>
        <LastName>Hiraki</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/11735</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>胃X線検査の被験者を増やし、検査を円滑に行う上で造影剤である硫酸バリウム懸濁液の飲みにくさが障害の一つとなっている。これを改善する目的で、懸濁液に市販の粉末清涼飲料を混入したところ、64.2％の人が通常のものよりも飲みやすいと答えた。臨床上も造影剤の付着が悪くなったり、胃の蠕動を促進する等の問題は生じず、有用であると考えられた。</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">造影剤 (contrast media)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">硫酸バリウム (barium sulfate suspension)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">清涼飲料 (soft drinks)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">消化管検査 (barium examination)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医療技術短期大学部</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>0917-4494</Issn>
      <Volume>6</Volume>
      <Issue/>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>1996</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>増感紙フィルム系の物理特性 ―胸部用新システム―</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">7</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>13</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Akira</FirstName>
        <LastName>Yoshida</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Nobue</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakamura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Shibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Mitsugi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Honda</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/11733</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>胸部専用の新しい増感紙／フィルムシステムについて物理的画質特性を測定し、従来のシステムと比較を行った。測定した新システムは、日本コダックのインサイトシステムからHC/IT-1、富士メディカルシステムのADシステムからHG-M/UR-1、コニカのEXシステムからXG-S/ES-C である。従来のシステムとして富士メディカルシステムのHR-4/Super HR-S を使用した。その結果、新システムは22〜73％感度は高く、特性曲線においては低濃度部を持ち上げ、最大コントラストは高濃度側にシフトしていた。空間周波数2cycles/mmで相対鮮鋭度を比較すると、新システムが10〜30％程度の低下となっていた。ノイズは、濃度1.0で新システムが35〜46％の減少となった。以上より、新システムは、縦隔部の濃度を上げ、粒状性の改善を重視した設計となっていることが分かった。</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">増感紙フィルム系 (screen-film system)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">物理特性 (physical properties)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">感度 (speed (film sensitivity))</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">コントラスト (contrast)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">鮮鋭度 (resolution)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">粒状性 (granularity)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医学部保健学科</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>1345-0948</Issn>
      <Volume>10</Volume>
      <Issue>2</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>2000</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>マンモグラフィ用増感紙／フィルムシステムの特性曲線における空気減弱の影響</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">91</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>98</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Shibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/11721</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>マンモグラフィ専用装置を使用して，距離法で低エネルギー領域のX線におけるマンモグラフィ用増感紙／フィルムシステムの特性曲線を得るためには，空気滅弱の影響を考慮する必要がある。その影響について，実効エネルギーから空気減弱分を補正，照射線量測定による補正，Bednarek法を応用した新距離法の3種類の方法を使って検討した。さらに，一般撮影装置でも，マンモ用システムに対して距離法で特性曲線を作成し，エネルギ
ーの変化による影響についても検討した。その結果，3方法の特性曲線およびグラディエント曲線は，新距離法が高濃度域でわずかにずれるもののほぼ一致した。新距離法に対する平均階調度，最大階調度の最大誤差は，2.7％，0.2％であり，一般撮影用装置の距離法と3方法との間では，一般撮影用装置の距離法に対して最大誤差は2.7％，1.5％であった。以上のことから，エネルギーの変化による特性曲線への影響はほとんどなく，低エネルギー領域での特性曲線は空気特配の補正を行うことのみで得られると考えられる。</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">マンモグラフィ (mammography)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">低エネルギー領域 (low x-ray energy)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">特性曲線 (characteristic curve)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">距離法 (inverse square sensitometry)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">空気減弱 (air attenuation)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医学部保健学科</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>1345-0948</Issn>
      <Volume>10</Volume>
      <Issue>2</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>2000</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>Breast dosimetry system in screen/film mammography</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">99</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>106</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshihiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Takeda</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Shigefumi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Kadohisa</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/11714</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>The average glandular dose to glandular tissue m mammography is generally assumed to be a function of beam quality (HVL), x-ray tube target material, tube voltage, breast thickness, breast composition and, to a lesser extent, x-ray tube voltage waveform. The average glandular dose is generally determined from published tables with knowledge of the above function. Tables for a high frequency x-ray generator are not yet published. In our study, the lookup tables for the average glandular dose were made at 28 kV (high frequency x-ray generator), employing a breast simulating tissue (0-100% adipose tissue, 0-100% glandular tissue) phantom for an Mo target - Mo filter source assembly. We tried to estimate breast composition from x-ray mammograms by digital image processing techniques, also using the simulating tissue phantom. Then the system that automatically calculates the average glandular dose from digitized clinical x-ray mammograms was built. It is considered that this system can contribute to objective evaluation of the average
glandular dose.</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Screen/Film Mammography (スクリーン／フィルム乳房撮影法)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Breast composition (乳房構成)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Average glandular dose (平均乳腺線量)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Entrance skin exposure (皮膚入射線量)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">Breast-equivalent material phantom (乳房組織等価ファントム)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>岡山大学医学部保健学科</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Acta Medica Okayama</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>1345-0948</Issn>
      <Volume>11</Volume>
      <Issue>2</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="ppublish">
        <Year>2001</Year>
        <Month/>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <ArticleTitle>股関節X線撮影時の女性生殖腺防護についての検討</ArticleTitle>
    <FirstPage LZero="delete">59</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>64</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshitada</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nakagiri</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Toshinori</FirstName>
        <LastName>Maruyama</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Sachiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Goto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshiharu</FirstName>
        <LastName>Azuma</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Koichi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Shibuya</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Eri</FirstName>
        <LastName>Tamura</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Eriko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Tanimoto</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Fumiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Torii</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Yoshihiro</FirstName>
        <LastName>Takeda</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName EmptyYN="N">Katsuhiko</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sugita</LastName>
        <Affiliation/>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <PublicationType/>
    <ArticleIdList>
      <ArticleId IdType="doi">10.18926/11690</ArticleId>
    </ArticleIdList>
    <Abstract>幼小児を含めた若年者の股関節X線撮影検査においては鉛板などで生殖腺を防護して行うのが通常である。男性の場合は生殖腺は体外に露出しているので，それを鉛板で包むようにすればある程度目的は達成される。しかし，女性の場合，生殖腺は骨盤腔内に存在するため，卵巣及び子宮を防護でき診断目的領域にかからないように鉛板を成形し，腹壁上に置いて撮影する。X斬写真上ではグリッドで散乱線を除去しているため，鉛板の陰影がくっきりと撮影され，生殖腺は完全に防護されているように見える。しかし，体内では散乱線によるかなりの被曝があるものと考えられる。そこで今回，鉛板下の散乱線量を鉛板幅及び電圧を変化させ，ファントム内各深さの散乱線量を測定した。その結果，鉛板下の散乱線量が相当量認められ，その量は深さ3〜4cmでピークを形成した。鉛板幅による変化は幅が狭いほど線量は大きくなり，電圧による変化は60kVと80kVを比べると80kVの方が多くなった。これを鉛板なしの場合と比較すると，ファントム内意さが増すにしたがい増大した。したがって，臨床において鉛板がずれて再撮影をすることのないよう細心の注意が必要であると考えられた。</Abstract>
    <CoiStatement>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</CoiStatement>
    <ObjectList>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">股関節X線撮影 (Radiography Examination of Hip-joint)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">医療被爆 (Patient Dose)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">X線測定 (Dosimetry)</Param>
      </Object>
      <Object Type="keyword">
        <Param Name="value">生殖腺防護 (X-rays Protection of the Gonads)</Param>
      </Object>
    </ObjectList>
    <ReferenceList/>
  </Article>
</ArticleSet>
