Oxford University Press (OUP) Acta Medica Okayama 1347-6947 88 9 2024 Solid-state cultivation of multiple industrial strains of koji mold on different Thai unpolished rice cultivars: biotransformation of phenolic compounds and their effects on antioxidant activity 1117 1125 EN Jirayu Jitpakdee Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University Hideyuki Yamashita Higuchi Matsunosuke Shoten Co., Ltd. Takuro Nakagawa Higuchi Matsunosuke Shoten Co., Ltd. Teruhiko Nitoda Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University Hiroshi Kanzaki Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University Colored rice is abundant in polyphenols, and koji molds have potential for biotransformation. This study aimed to produce Thai-colored rice koji to study its polyphenolic biotransformation. Four industrial koji mold strains: Aspergillus oryzae 6001, A. oryzae 6020, A. sojae 7009, and A. luchuensis 8035, were cultivated on unpolished Thai-colored rice (Riceberry and Sangyod), unpolished Thai white rice (RD43), and polished Japanese white rice (Koshihikari). We discovered that koji molds grew on all the rice varieties. Methanol extracts of all rice kojis exhibited an approximately 2-fold or greater increase in total phenolic content and DPPH antioxidant activity compared to those of steamed rice. Moreover, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, (+)-catechin, and (–)-epicatechin content increased in Riceberry and Sangyod koji samples. Consequently, Aspergillus solid-state cultivation on unpolished Thai-colored rice exhibited higher functionalization than the cultivation of unpolished Thai white rice and polished Japanese white rice. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Oxford University Press (OUP) Acta Medica Okayama 1347-6947 89 8 2025 Microbial biotransformation of proteins into amino acids in unpolished Thai and polished Japanese rice varieties cultivated with distinct industrial strains of koji mold 1217 1226 EN Jirayu Jitpakdee Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Kazunari Ito Industrial Technology Center of Okayama Prefecture Yuka Tanino Industrial Technology Center of Okayama Prefecture Hayato Takeuchi Industrial Technology Center of Okayama Prefecture Hideyuki Yamashita Higuchi Matsunosuke Shoten Co., Ltd. Takuro Nakagawa Higuchi Matsunosuke Shoten Co., Ltd. Teruhiko Nitoda Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Hiroshi Kanzaki Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University We previously reported the cultivation of industrial koji mold strains to produce unpolished Thai-colored rice kojis. These kojis, along with those made from unpolished Thai white rice and polished Japanese white rice, showed increased polyphenol content after cultivation, with the highest levels observed in unpolished Thai-colored rice kojis. In this study, an increase in both proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acid contents, particularly γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content, was observed in both unpolished Thai and polished Japanese rice kojis, suggesting the ability of koji mold in the biotransformation of proteins. This increase was almost comparable even when using different rice varieties; in contrast, it varied depending on the koji mold strain used. The observed increase in both polyphenol and functional amino acid contents, especially GABA content, highlights the potential of unpolished Thai and polished Japanese rice kojis, particularly unpolished Thai-colored rice koji, as multifunctional materials, benefiting from polyphenol and amino acid functionalities. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254　 100 2011 岡山大学農学部学術報告100巻の発刊に際して 1 2 EN No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry Acta Medica Okayama 0916-8451 71 4 2007 Three antinematodal diterpenes from Euphorbia kansui 1086 1089 EN Jian-Xiao Shi Zhi-Xuan Li Teruhiko Nitoda Minoru Izumi Hiroshi Kanzaki Naomichi Baba Kazuyoshi Kawazu Shuhei Nakajima Three compounds, 20-O-acetyl-[3-O-(2'E,4'Z)-deca-dienoyl]-ingenol (1), 20-O-acetyl-[5-O-(2'E,4'Z)-decadienoyl]-ingenol (2) and 3-O-(2'E,4'Z)-decadienoylingenol (3), were isolated from Euphorbia kansui under the bioassay-guided method. Each compound showed the same antinematodal activity against the nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, at a minimum effective dose (MED) of 5 mu g/cotton ball. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 85 1 1996 Screening of Fungal Cultures for Nematicidal Activity and Preliminary Fractionation of a Nematicidal Fungal Culture 1 6 EN Kazuyoshi Kawazu Jian Hua Sun Hiroshi Kanzaki Cultures of 99 strains of fungi in potato-sucrose-malt extract medium were screened for nematicidal activity. Strong activity was found in the supernatant of the culture of fungus 18. Activity-guided preliminary fractionation of the supernatant showed that the active compound was neutral and water soluble. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 86 1 1997 Isolation of the Cytotoxic Constituent Deoxypodophyllotoxin from the Leaves of Juniperus chinensis 1 5 EN Kazuyoshi Kawazu Intan S. Ismail Kyouya Takahata Abdul Manaf Ali Hiroshi Kanzaki Deoxypodophyllotoxin was isolated as a cytotoxic constituent from ethanol extract of the leaves of Juniperus chinensis by assay-guided fractionation. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 87 1 1998 Cyclo (Gly-Tyr)分解酵素の合成高分子配糖体による安定化 43 46 EN Hiroshi Kanzaki Yasuteru Abe Kazuyoshi Kawazu An enrichment technique led us to isolate 13 cyclo (Gly-Tyr)-assimilating bacteria, which had higher cyclo (Gly-Tyr)-hydrolyzing activity that the coryneform rod bacterium strain T-1-3-Y,previously isolated from soil. The cell-free extract of the strain Ol-L-2 prepared by ultrasonication in a buffer containing bovine serum albumin had cyclo (Gly-Tyr)-hydrolyzing activity while that of the strain T-1-3-Y showed no activity. GEMA (Glucosyloxyethyl methacrylate) polymer was found to be a more effective stabilizer for solubilizing cyclo (Gly-Tyr) hydrolase than bovine serum albumin. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 87 1 1998 Calophyllum inophyllumの抗ＨＩＶ活性成分 inophyllum A, B, C, D, E, P の液体クロマトグラフィーによる分析法の確立 13 16 EN Kazuyoshi Kawazu Teruhiko Nitoda Hiroshi Kanzaki In order to optimize cell culture conditions for producing inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase isolated from Calophyllum , inophyllum , a rapid and accurate anaalytical method for determining the quantity of the inhibitors, inophyllums A , B , C , D , E , and P was desired . We have established a quantitative analytical method using HPLC ,together with LCMS . No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 87 1 1998 Production of Antibacterial Triterpene Acids Not Detected in the Native Plant by Cell Suspension Culture of Tectona grandis 9 12 EN Kazuyoshi Kawazu Erly Marwani Akiko Kobayasi Teruhiko Nitoda Hiroshi Kanzaki The callus culture of Tectona grandis was previouly reported by us to produce five antibacterial acids which occurred only in very small amounts or were not detected in the native plant. This paper shows the production of these antibacterial compounds in much higher by cell suspension culture of the plant. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 87 1 1998 マツノザイセンチュウ，Bursaphelenchus xylophilusに随伴する松萎凋性細菌の単離とその毒性代謝物質 1 7 EN Kazuyoshi Kawazu Hideaki Yamasita Akio Kobayasi Hiroshi Kanzaki Based on the observation that ray parenchyma cell death took place prior to nematode population increase in pine wood,the authors suspected that any microorganisms carried by pathogenic nematodes would be involvedin the pathogenic process.The authors screened pathogenic nematode-accompanying microbes for their toxicity against cultured cells of Pinus thunbergiis and isolated and identified 3 toxic strains,Bacillus cereus HY-3,B.subtilis HY-16,and Bmegaterium HY-17 , whose toxic products were identified as phenylacertic acid.Inoculation of pine seedlings with the toxic bacterium alone did not cause the seedling to wilt , but inoculation of pine seedlings with the toxic bacterium carried by weakly pathogenic nematodes wilted the seedling as much as strongly pathogenic nematodes . These results suggested that phenyllacetic acid-producing bacteria could invade pine trees by accompanying pine wood nematodes , and produce phenylacetic acid , a toxic metabolite , in the wood. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 88 1 1999 バリダマイシン生成菌培養液から抗細菌性抗生物質ノカルダミンの分離・精製 13 17 EN Eiji Higashide Yoshiharu Omatsu Suemi Inoue Yoshinobu Kimura Hiroshi Kanzaki Shuhei Nakajima An antibacterial active against P. mirabilis was isolated from the culture of Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. limoneus, validamycin producer. The antibiotic was found to be produced with a non-validamycin producing condition. The antibiotic was identified as nocardamine with the analytical data, IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 88 1 1999 新規の環状ジペプチド脱水素酵素とその活性測定法の確立 7 11 EN Hiroshi Kanzaki Kazumi Akazawa Daisuke Imura Teruhiko Nitoda The cell-free extract prepared from cells of an albonoursin-producing actinomycete Streptomyces sp. KO2388 was found to catalyze the dehydrogenation of cyclo (L-Phe-L-Leu) (CFL) to albonoursin. This is the first report for the dehydrogenation at the α,β-positions of amino acid residues. The simple method for determining the dehydrogenation activity was devised by measuring the increase in UV absorption of the reaction mixture at 317nm, λmax(ε25,400) of albonoursin, where CFL had no absorption. Phenazine methosulfate was the most active cofactor for the dehydrogenation among several hydrogen acceptors. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 88 1 1999 病原体を接種して萎凋させたアカマツ実生からの病原体の再分離およびマツノザイセンチュウの分離系統間の病原性の差の原因 1 5 EN Kazuyoshi Kawazu Noboru Kaneko Kyoko Hiraoka Hideki Yamashita Hiroshi Kanzaki This paper shows that aseptic red pine seedings inoculated with the aseptic nematode (AOKD-3) carrying the bacterium (Bacillus cereus strain HY-3) and the bacterium (HY-3) do not. These findings indicate that the phenylacetic acid producers accompanying the nematode are the pathogen of the pine wilt, conforming to Koch's four principles. The fact that the weakly pathogenic isolate of nematode cannot so effectively wilt the sedding as the strongly pathogenic isolate, no matter how pathogenic a bacterium accompanies it, suggests that inherent characters such as mobility and propagation of the nematode are also important for thenematode to wilt the seedling. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 80 1 1992 生物的エリシター・キトサンで処理したエンドウにおけるβ-グルコシダーゼの活性化と二次代謝産物誘導 17 24 EN Akio Kobayashi Kohki Akiyama Tamano Ushijima Hiroshi Kanzaki Kazuyoshi Kawazu 生物的エリシター・キトサンで処理したエンドウ上胚軸におけるβ-グルコシダーゼの活性は,72時間後には処理前の約60倍に達した.塩化第二銅処理したエンドウ実生から2つのkaempferol-β-glucoside,quercetin-β-glucoside,およびエンドウのファイトアレキシンであるピサチンを精製・単離した.ピサチンはキトサン処理72時間後に最大に達した.kaempferol配糖体はキトサン処理24時間後に最大に達し,48時間から72時間の間に消失した.quercetin配糖体はキトサン処理24時間後に最大に達し,86時間後にはコントロールと同じレベルまで減少した.kaempferolとquercetinはピサチン生合成系における前駆体ではないので,これらは細胞壁の強化に利用されていると考えられる。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学農学部 Acta Medica Okayama 0474-0254 80 1 1992 植物形質転換細胞の選抜機能を有する化合物 1 6 EN Kazuyoshi Kawazu Hiroshi Kanzaki Satoru Kwai Akio Kobayashi Streptomyces sp,KBFP-2025株が生産するOxazolomycinは,Agrobacterium tumefaciensに対する特異的な抗菌活性により,ジャガイモのクラウンゴール形成を阻害する.さらに,本化合物はアルファルファの発芽を強く阻害し,ジャガイモ塊茎細胞を壊死させたが,ジャガイモのタラウンゴール細胞に対する生育阻害を示さなかった.すなわち,本化合物は非形質転換植物細胞に対する選択毒性を有しており,形質転換細胞の選抜に有用である。 No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.