Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University Acta Medica Okayama 0475-0071 26 1 1991 The Systematic Method for Constructing the IDEA BANK Based on the EBL 95 108 EN Hiroshi Kawakami Tadataka Konishi 10.18926/15423 This paper describes a method to construct IDEA BANK automatically. IDEA BANK is the data base of the "function-structure module" which is utilized in systematic conceptual design from Value Engineering perspectives. The method based on the Machine Learning EBL technique was evaluated and implemented for the IDEA BANK using SUN workstation. The practical implementation of the IDEA BANK acquisition was discussed after elucidating the problem and solution of the EBL technique in engineering design. In the IDEA BANK system, the structural features of an existing article are analyzed by hierarchically organized domain specific knowledge to yield a systematic explanation of how they function and attain their design goals. The explanation resulted in a generalized version of the Functional Diagram used in Value Engineering from which "function-structure module" can be extracted systematically. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University Acta Medica Okayama 0475-0071 26 1 1991 Urban Expressway Pricing under Constraint 75 94 EN /10.18926/15421 Four radials-single ring urban expressway network is priced and, simultaneously, optimized in its spatial formation under the constraint that a balance must be kept of revenue and expenditure. The model consists of three sub-models: road system, car trip generation-attraction and traffic diversion. Network performance is assessed on two criteria; trip number criterion on which the aggregate number of car trips diverted onto expressway is maximized and travel hour criterion on which the travel hours of car trips integrated over the road system; surface and expressway, is minimized. Optimization is tried by numerical calculation for some sets of parameters in the model. The results are summarized as follows; (1) simultaneous optimization of price and spatial formation of the expressway network is possible on each of criteria, (2) trip number criterion produces lower pricing and smaller network while travel hour criterion does higher pricing and larger network, (3) optimum solution lies in a delicate relation of price and spatial network formation that comes from the balance constraint. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University Acta Medica Okayama 0475-0071 26 1 1991 The Model of Water Quality Management for the Hino River 61 73 EN Osami Kawara 10.18926/15420 Lake Biwa is the largest lake in Japan, and one of the most important fresh water resources. The Hino River is the fourth largest river among the rivers which flow into Lake Biwa. The eutrophication of the lake has been warned since the 1960s. In order to improve the water quality of the lake, to decrease the loads through rivers is inevitable. Therefore, it is needed to predict the effects of measures to control pollutant loads and the influence of development in the basin on the loads from rivers before developing the basin and taking measures. This paper deals mainly with the model of water quality management for the Hino River and the effects of the development in the basin on the water quality. The model was formulated considering loads from forests, rice paddy fields, households, housing land, industrial factories. Using this model, a calculation system by a microcomputer was developed and the influence of urbanization of the basin was discussed. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University Acta Medica Okayama 0475-0071 26 1 1991 Molecular Dynamics ofa Coulomb System with Deformable Periodic Boundary Conditions 51 59 EN Hiroo Totsuji Shigetoshi Nara /10.18926/15418 Variable shape molecular dynamics is formulated for the one-component plasma and the structural transition from the fcc lattice to the bcc lattice has been observed. It is emphasized that the condition of constant volume should be imposed when deformations of periodic boundary conditions are taken into account. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University Acta Medica Okayama 0475-0071 26 1 1991 Application of the Adjoint Spectrum to the Frequency Tracking in Spectrometry with Tunable Diode Lasers Suffering from Temperature Drift 43 49 EN Moncef Bouzidi Ryuji Koga Osami Wada Naoki Kagawa Megumi Kosaka /10.18926/15416 A numerical technique called as "adjoint spectrum" has been proposed by the authors in a previous work. Two applications of it are presented here. It is demonstrated that by generalizing the aspect of adjoint spectrum it becomes possible to measure densities of mixed gases simultaneously. An experimental proof of this has been carried on and simultaneous measurement of densities of both methane and dinitrogen oxide was realized. On the other hand, it is also reported that frequency shifting of spectra, which is a cause of error in spectrometric measurements, can be corrected by exploiting the adjoint spectrum technique in connection with the Taylor expansion. Numerical examples showing the success of this method are reported as well. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University Acta Medica Okayama 0475-0071 26 1 1991 Experimental and Theoretical Study on a Transient, Turbulent Free Hydrogen Gas Jet Issuing into Still Air 27 41 EN Eiji Tomita Yoshisuke Hamamoto 10.18926/15414 Distributions of hydrogen gas concentration in a suddenly started, single shot hydrogen gas jet issuing from a 1 mm diameter injector into still air were measured using laser interferometry method. This unsteady, turbulent free jet flow has also been calculated using the two-equation, high Reynolds number version of k-ƒÃ turbulence model and hybrid scheme for treating combined diffusion and convection in the SIMPLE algorithm. The injection pressure was 0.5 MPa for which predicted and measured temporal jet tip penetration distributions indicate that the jet discharged into still air at Mach 0.25. The level of agreement between present prediction and measurement is good in some regions and poor in others. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University Acta Medica Okayama 0475-0071 26 1 1991 Facilitated Diffusion of Carbon-Dioxide in a Living Body Liquid Film 21 26 EN Shigeru Nozu Hideo Inaba /10.18926/15412 A numerical study is performed for the facilitated diffusion of carbon-dioxide in an ultrapure water film flowing downward along a vertical surface. The model adopted for the present work includes the effects of the reaction rate for the hydration of CO(2)in a liquid. Comparison of the total concentration of CO(2) for different film thickness indicates that the effects of the hydration is more remarkable for the thinner liquid film. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University Acta Medica Okayama 0475-0071 26 1 1991 The Effect of Electrode Polarity on Electrical Discharge Machining Performance in Water 9 20 EN Yoshiyuki Uno Toshikatsu Nakajima 10.18926/15410 Practical utilization of ram type electrical discharge machining in uninflammable fluid has been expected in place of inflammable kerosine type fluid for unmanned operation in a workshop. The electrical discharge machining performance in deionized water is experimentally investigated on the basis of the analysis of the crater generated by a single pulse discharge. The experimental analysis makes it clear that the electrical discharge machining performance in deionized water is greatly affected by the electrode polarity. The metal removal rate in the normal polarity machining is higher than that in reverse polarity machining, while the electrode wear rate in the normal polarity machining is greater than that in reverse polarity machining. Therefore the electrode polarity should be properly selected according to the purpose of machining. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University Acta Medica Okayama 0475-0071 26 1 1991 Effect of Surface and Grain Boundary on the Reversion of Age-Hardened Al-15mass % Zn Alloy 1 7 EN Akira Sakakibara Teruto Kanadani /10.18926/15407 Reversion of the age-hardened Al-15mass % Zn alloy, in which ellipsoidal GP zones were formed, was investigated by hardness test. Ellipsoidal zones were reverted more quickly near the surface and grain boundary than in the interior, as spherical zones did. The results confirm their role as sources for vacancies in reversion. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.