start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=95 end-page=108 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Systematic Method for Constructing the IDEA BANK Based on the EBL en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes a method to construct IDEA BANK automatically. IDEA BANK is the data base of the "function-structure module" which is utilized in systematic conceptual design from Value Engineering perspectives. The method based on the Machine Learning EBL technique was evaluated and implemented for the IDEA BANK using SUN workstation. The practical implementation of the IDEA BANK acquisition was discussed after elucidating the problem and solution of the EBL technique in engineering design. In the IDEA BANK system, the structural features of an existing article are analyzed by hierarchically organized domain specific knowledge to yield a systematic explanation of how they function and attain their design goals. The explanation resulted in a generalized version of the Functional Diagram used in Value Engineering from which "function-structure module" can be extracted systematically. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawakamiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=_i kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei=_i aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiTadataka en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Tadataka kn-aut-name=F kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei=F aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=94 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Urban Expressway Pricing under Constraint en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Four radials-single ring urban expressway network is priced and, simultaneously, optimized in its spatial formation under the constraint that a balance must be kept of revenue and expenditure. The model consists of three sub-models: road system, car trip generation-attraction and traffic diversion. Network performance is assessed on two criteria; trip number criterion on which the aggregate number of car trips diverted onto expressway is maximized and travel hour criterion on which the travel hours of car trips integrated over the road system; surface and expressway, is minimized. Optimization is tried by numerical calculation for some sets of parameters in the model. The results are summarized as follows; (1) simultaneous optimization of price and spatial formation of the expressway network is possible on each of criteria, (2) trip number criterion produces lower pricing and smaller network while travel hour criterion does higher pricing and larger network, (3) optimum solution lies in a delicate relation of price and spatial network formation that comes from the balance constraint. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NoguchiHisahumi kn-aut-sei=Noguchi kn-aut-mei=Hisahumi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamadaMasahito kn-aut-sei=Yamada kn-aut-mei=Masahito aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Daiwa Housing Co. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=73 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Model of Water Quality Management for the Hino River en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Lake Biwa is the largest lake in Japan, and one of the most important fresh water resources. The Hino River is the fourth largest river among the rivers which flow into Lake Biwa. The eutrophication of the lake has been warned since the 1960s. In order to improve the water quality of the lake, to decrease the loads through rivers is inevitable. Therefore, it is needed to predict the effects of measures to control pollutant loads and the influence of development in the basin on the loads from rivers before developing the basin and taking measures. This paper deals mainly with the model of water quality management for the Hino River and the effects of the development in the basin on the water quality. The model was formulated considering loads from forests, rice paddy fields, households, housing land, industrial factories. Using this model, a calculation system by a microcomputer was developed and the influence of urbanization of the basin was discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaraOsami en-aut-sei=Kawara en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=͌ kn-aut-sei=͌ kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DannoHideki kn-aut-sei=Danno kn-aut-mei=Hideki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KunimatsuTakao kn-aut-sei=Kunimatsu kn-aut-mei=Takao aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Tohre Engineering, Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Agriculture, Shiga Prefectural Junior College END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Molecular Dynamics ofa Coulomb System with Deformable Periodic Boundary Conditions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Variable shape molecular dynamics is formulated for the one-component plasma and the structural transition from the fcc lattice to the bcc lattice has been observed. It is emphasized that the condition of constant volume should be imposed when deformations of periodic boundary conditions are taken into account. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=ҍ_v kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei=_v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ShirokoshiHideki kn-aut-sei=Shirokoshi kn-aut-mei=Hideki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=ޗǏdr kn-aut-sei=ޗ kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Application of the Adjoint Spectrum to the Frequency Tracking in Spectrometry with Tunable Diode Lasers Suffering from Temperature Drift en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A numerical technique called as "adjoint spectrum" has been proposed by the authors in a previous work. Two applications of it are presented here. It is demonstrated that by generalizing the aspect of adjoint spectrum it becomes possible to measure densities of mixed gases simultaneously. An experimental proof of this has been carried on and simultaneous measurement of densities of both methane and dinitrogen oxide was realized. On the other hand, it is also reported that frequency shifting of spectra, which is a cause of error in spectrometric measurements, can be corrected by exploiting the adjoint spectrum technique in connection with the Taylor expansion. Numerical examples showing the success of this method are reported as well. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BouzidiMoncef en-aut-sei=Bouzidi en-aut-mei=Moncef kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=Éꗲ kn-aut-sei=É kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=acC kn-aut-sei=ac kn-aut-mei=C aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaNaoki en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=쒼 kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HaiXu kn-aut-sei=Hai kn-aut-mei=Xu aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaMegumi en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Megumi kn-aut-name=b kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei=b aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SanoHIroya kn-aut-sei=Sano kn-aut-mei=HIroya aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Measurement and Test Center, North-East Normal University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Fukuyama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=41 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental and Theoretical Study on a Transient, Turbulent Free Hydrogen Gas Jet Issuing into Still Air en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Distributions of hydrogen gas concentration in a suddenly started, single shot hydrogen gas jet issuing from a 1 mm diameter injector into still air were measured using laser interferometry method. This unsteady, turbulent free jet flow has also been calculated using the two-equation, high Reynolds number version of k- turbulence model and hybrid scheme for treating combined diffusion and convection in the SIMPLE algorithm. The injection pressure was 0.5 MPa for which predicted and measured temporal jet tip penetration distributions indicate that the jet discharged into still air at Mach 0.25. The level of agreement between present prediction and measurement is good in some regions and poor in others. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TomitaEiji en-aut-sei=Tomita en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name=ych kn-aut-sei=yc kn-aut-mei=h aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NsungeFelix Chintu kn-aut-sei=Nsunge kn-aut-mei=Felix Chintu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamamotoYoshisuke en-aut-sei=Hamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshisuke kn-aut-name=l{Õ kn-aut-sei=l{ kn-aut-mei=Õ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and TechnologyEngineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Facilitated Diffusion of Carbon-Dioxide in a Living Body Liquid Film en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A numerical study is performed for the facilitated diffusion of carbon-dioxide in an ultrapure water film flowing downward along a vertical surface. The model adopted for the present work includes the effects of the reaction rate for the hydration of CO(2)in a liquid. Comparison of the total concentration of CO(2) for different film thickness indicates that the effects of the hydration is more remarkable for the thinner liquid film. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NozuShigeru en-aut-sei=Nozu en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=Î kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=tpj kn-aut-sei=t kn-aut-mei=pj aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Effect of Electrode Polarity on Electrical Discharge Machining Performance in Water en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Practical utilization of ram type electrical discharge machining in uninflammable fluid has been expected in place of inflammable kerosine type fluid for unmanned operation in a workshop. The electrical discharge machining performance in deionized water is experimentally investigated on the basis of the analysis of the crater generated by a single pulse discharge. The experimental analysis makes it clear that the electrical discharge machining performance in deionized water is greatly affected by the electrode polarity. The metal removal rate in the normal polarity machining is higher than that in reverse polarity machining, while the electrode wear rate in the normal polarity machining is greater than that in reverse polarity machining. Therefore the electrode polarity should be properly selected according to the purpose of machining. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaToshikatsu en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Toshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkadaMinoru kn-aut-sei=Okada kn-aut-mei=Minoru aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Surface and Grain Boundary on the Reversion of Age-Hardened Al-15mass % Zn Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Reversion of the age-hardened Al-15mass % Zn alloy, in which ellipsoidal GP zones were formed, was investigated by hardness test. Ellipsoidal zones were reverted more quickly near the surface and grain boundary than in the interior, as spherical zones did. The results confirm their role as sources for vacancies in reversion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴 kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END