岡山大学資源生物科学研究所Acta Medica Okayama0916-930X321995エビネ(Calanthe sp.)から分離されたOdontoglossum Ringspot Virus163174ENJun-ichiMatsumotoTakanoriMaedaNarinobuInouyeA rod-shape virus isolated from Calanthe sp. showing chlorotic mottle on the leaves, collected in Ibaraki Prefecture, was identified as odontoglossum ringspot virus(ORSV). The isolate,designated as Cal.92-1T, was transmitted by sap-inoculation to 14 out of 40 species in 6 out of 12 families. The virus particles were rod-shaped, about 310 nm long. In ultrahtin sections, the dispersed and aggregated virus particles were observed in the cytoplasm of the cells of the infected leaves of Chenopodium quinoa. The virus contained a single protein species of Mr 20,600. The Mr of the capsid proteins(Cal.92-1T) was similar to those of three other ORSV isolates(Cy-1,Cy-46,Cy-Kei). Cal.92-1T isolate(Cy-1), suggesting that Cal.92-1T was serologically very similar to the other ORSV isolates. Three species of dsRNA were isolated from plants infected with Cal.92-1T and they were similar to those of three other ORSV isolates.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学資源生物科学研究所Acta Medica Okayama0916-930X321995東洋ラン(Cymbidium sp.)から分離されたOrchid Fleck Virusの性状について151161ENHidekiKondoJun-ichiMatsumotoTakanoriMaedaNarinobuInouyeOrchid flck virus (OFV) was isolated from Oriental Cymbidium (Cymbidium sp.),showing chlorotic flecks on leaves. The virus was transmitted mechanically to Chenopodium quinoa,C.murale and Beta vulgaris by sap-inoculation and caused systemic infection. Local lesions were produced on C.amaranticolar, Petunia hybrida, Tetragonia expansa and Vigna sinensis. Sap from infected T.expansa was still infective after 10 mim at 40℃ but not after 10 min at 45℃, at a dilution of 10-3 but not 10-4, and after 30 min at room temperature but not after 60 min. The isolate of OFV had non-enveloped, bullet-shaped patricles measuring about 40×120−150 nm in dip preparations. However, bacilliform particles about 40×120-140 nm were observed in ultrathin sections. In ultrahtin sections of virus-infected tissues, virus patricles were detected both in the nuclei and in the cytoplasm. Moreover, the inclusions of low electron density(viroplasm) were also observed in the nuclei.Virus particles were found to attach at one end to the inner nuclear membrane. A number of particles surrounded by the inner membrane often showed an appearance like a spoked wheel.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学資源生物科学研究所Acta Medica Okayama0916-930X321995Mesembryanthemum crystallinum(ice plant)におけるカリウムチャンネルをコードするPCR産物のクローニング145149ENMakiKatsuharaHans J.BohnertGene fragments of potassium channels were cloned from Mesembryanthemum crystallinum by using RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). The two fragments were isolated independently and showed high similarity with each other. About 80% identity was found between the two fragments and potassium-channel genes of Arabidopsis. Southern hybridization indicated that the potassium channel gene may be a single copy gene or that a small gene family of potassium channels exists.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学資源生物科学研究所Acta Medica Okayama0916-930X321995ルシフェリン―ルシフェラーゼ法によるアデニル酸定量のための大麦根からのサンプル抽出方法の検討137143ENYoshikoAkiyamaMineoShibasakaToshioKawasakiThree methods were compared for extracting adenylates from barley roots prior to their quantification by a lumino-metric method. In respect of efficiency in extracting adenylates and easiness in handling, the best result was obtained in the root sample which was homogenized in perchloric acid, neutralized by mixing with octylamine dissolved in 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane and centrifuged.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学資源生物科学研究所Acta Medica Okayama0916-930X321995水耕栽培におけるオオムギの生育に及ぼすマンノースの影響129135ENMineoShibasakaMasahikoMiyataYoshikoAkiyamaToshioKawasakiTo examin the effects of mannose on iron absorption of barley roots,barley was hydroponically grown for 36 days in a greenhouse. Potassium and phosphate of barley plants grown in a diluted mannose solution were obserbed at similar as the controls. On the otherhand, some morphological changes were observed in mannose-treated barley plants.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学資源生物科学研究所Acta Medica Okayama0916-930X321995インゲンとトウモロコシの鉄欠乏ストレスに対する反応の差異117127ENTsutomuYonetaniMasumiMoritsuguToshioKawasakiThe responses to iron deficiency stress in bean and maize were compared. The susceptibility to iron deficiency stress was smaller in bean than in maize;i.e., the tolerance to iron deficiency was greater in bean than in maize. The roots of the bean plants exposed to iron deficiency stress, developed iron reducing capacity and medium-pH lowering capacity,but not the roots of maize. The iron reducing capacity and medium-pH lowering capacity of the bean roots were inhibited by a shadowing, detopping, and the addition of 2,4-dinitrophenol. Iron absorption in the bean plants was stimulated by the pretreatment without iron in the growth medium, but not in the maize plants. The finding suggest that the high tolerance of bean plants to iron deficiency stress is caused by the development of iron reducing capacity and medium-pH lowering capacity of the bean roots.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学資源生物科学研究所Acta Medica Okayama0916-930X321995クロレラのルビジウム吸収に対する光の影響105116ENKinjiHachiyaMasumiMoritsuguToshioKawasakiThe effect of light irradiation on the absorption of rubidium was examined in Chlorella. Rubidium absorption in Chlorella was clearly stimulated by the irradiation of light. To clarify the mechanism of light-stimulation on rubidium absorption, experiments were carried out using several metabolic inhibitors; DCMU, NaCN,DNP,CCCP and ouabain. Among the metabolic inhibitors used, DCMU had the most similar effects on the rubidium absorption and oxygen evolution under light condition. These findings suggest a close correlation between the light-stimulation on rubidium absorption and the photosynthetic process in Chlorella.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学資源生物科学研究所Acta Medica Okayama0916-930X321995Comparison of Absorption Rates between Ammonium and Nitrate Nitrogen in Plants091103ENMasumiMoritsuguToshioKawasakiTakaoSuzukiAbsorption rares of ammonium ion(NH4+) and nitrate ion(NO3-) for 24 hours were compared using two absorption solutions, which were a single salt solution of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and a complete nutrient solution containing NH4NO3. Test plants were Oryza sativa (Rice), Hordeum vulgare (Barley), Lactuca sativa (Lettuce), Cucumis sativus (Cucumber), Daucus carota (Carrot), Brassica pekinesis (Chinese cabbage), Spinacia oleracea (Spinach) and Raphanus sativus (Radish). From the absorption characteristics of NH4+ and NO3- between a single salt solution of NH4NO3 and a complete nutrient solution containing NH4NO3, the test plants were classified into goup 1(rice,barley and lettuce), which absorbed NH4+ more rapidly than NO3- in both absorption solutions, group 2(cucumber and carrot), which absorbed NH4+ slightly more than NO3- in the single salt solution of NH4NO3, the tendency of which was reversed in the complete nutrient solution containing NH4NO3, and goup 3(Chinese cabbage,spinach and radish), which absorbed NO3- clealy more than NH4+ in the complete nutrient solution, whereas the absorption of NH4+ or NO3- was almost equal in the single salt solution of NH4+NO3-. The above classisication of plants could be explained by the balance of a repressive or competitive characteristics of NH4+ absorption mainly as sociated with a capacity for absorption of calcium ion(Ca2+) and magnesium ion(Mg2+), and the relative root affinity to NO3- that can be evaluated by the relative absorption of NO3- to mono-phosphate ion(H2PO4-) in plant roots. The group 1 plants are the so-called acid tolerant plants, which appeared to be tolerant to NH4+, and showed a marked pH decreased during the 24 hours of the absorption experiments in those plants. By contrast, the group 3 plant seemed to prefer NO3- and divalent alkaline earth cations to the other nutrients in the complete nutrient solution containing NH4No3, and the pH decrease during each absorption experiment was small.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.