start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=7
article-no=
start-page=992
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230624
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Audiovisual n-Back Training Alters the Neural Processes of Working Memory and Audiovisual Integration: Evidence of Changes in ERPs
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=(1) Background: This study investigates whether audiovisual n-back training leads to training effects on working memory and transfer effects on perceptual processing. (2) Methods: Before and after training, the participants were tested using the audiovisual n-back task (1-, 2-, or 3-back), to detect training effects, and the audiovisual discrimination task, to detect transfer effects. (3) Results: For the training effect, the behavioral results show that training leads to greater accuracy and faster response times. Stronger training gains in accuracy and response time using 3- and 2-back tasks, compared to 1-back, were observed in the training group. Event-related potentials (ERPs) data revealed an enhancement of P300 in the frontal and central regions across all working memory levels after training. Training also led to the enhancement of N200 in the central region in the 3-back condition. For the transfer effect, greater audiovisual integration in the frontal and central regions during the post-test rather than pre-test was observed at an early stage (80-120 ms) in the training group. (4) Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence that audiovisual n-back training enhances neural processes underlying a working memory and demonstrate a positive influence of higher cognitive functions on lower cognitive functions.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=GuoAo
en-aut-sei=Guo
en-aut-mei=Ao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YangWeiping
en-aut-sei=Yang
en-aut-mei=Weiping
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YangXiangfu
en-aut-sei=Yang
en-aut-mei=Xiangfu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LinJinfei
en-aut-sei=Lin
en-aut-mei=Jinfei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LiZimo
en-aut-sei=Li
en-aut-mei=Zimo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=RenYanna
en-aut-sei=Ren
en-aut-mei=Yanna
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YangJiajia
en-aut-sei=Yang
en-aut-mei=Jiajia
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WuJinglong
en-aut-sei=Wu
en-aut-mei=Jinglong
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Hubei University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Hubei University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Hubei University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Management, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=audiovisual n-back
kn-keyword=audiovisual n-back
en-keyword=training
kn-keyword=training
en-keyword=audiovisual integration
kn-keyword=audiovisual integration
en-keyword=ERPs
kn-keyword=ERPs
en-keyword=training effect
kn-keyword=training effect
en-keyword=transfer effect
kn-keyword=transfer effect
END