The serum iron level and the symptoms of the patients with the carcinoma of the stomach with or without Mitomycin C are studied from the Ist pre-operative day to the 25th postoperative day and compared with the normal individual, whose serum iron level is 110.6γ% in male, 109.0γ% in female and 110.0γ% of average. The serum iron level of the former is lower than the latter. In the gastrectomy cases, the serum iron level is revealed the lowest value on the 5th post-operative day and has progressively increased to the highest level being kept under the normal range until the 15 th to 20 th post-operative day, following to be on the decrease during the following 5 days; whereas the progressive decrement is observed throughout the entire pest-operative course in the cases of the explorative laparotomy. In the cases with the Mitomycin C treatment, the serum iron level is revealed as same tendency as in the gastrectomy cases and approached more closely to the normal value than that of not administered cases. The same observation is obtained in the cases with the explorative laparotomy combined with Mitomycin C treatment. The more remarkable improvement of the symptoms is noticed in the combined therapy of the surgicad operation and the Mitomycin C administration than in the surgical operation alone. It is assumed that there is a certain relationship between serum iron level and symptomes, and therefore, the determination of the serum iron level is useful for the decision of the effectiveness of anti-cancer agents.