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JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11539
Title Alternative One-dimensional Compression Tests of Sludge Cake from Dredged Sludge
FullText URL 006_085_097.pdf
Author Wakitani, Yoshiaki| Fujii, Hiroaki| Nishimura, Shin-ichi| Inoue, Takashi|
Abstract One-dimensional compression tests were performed to investigate compression characteristics of sludge cake used as a construction material. The sludge cake is dewatering product of dredged sludge from the bottom of a lake. The test results show following compression characteristics. (1) For the undisturbed samples, e-log p curves show compressibility of overconsolidated clay ordinatily observed. (2) For the disturbed samples, there observed compressibility close to that of ordinary normally consolidated clay. (3) For the recompressed samples, there observed two turning points on e-log p curve. The compression presures(p(c1) and p(c2)) at those points for the unsubmerged tests have a linear correlation with the recompression pressure(p(s)). The submerged tests give very small values of p(c1) and p(c2) compared with the case of unsubmerged test. (4) For the recompressed samples, the first compression index(C(c1)) after p(c) has a linear correlation with the initial void ratio(e(0)), and the second compression index(C(c2)) shows almost constant value.
Keywords sludge cake one-dimensional compression test e~log p curve compression index void ratio
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2001-02-28
Volume volume6
Issue issue1
Start Page 85
End Page 97
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313853
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11538
Title Alternative Effects of ultrasonic treatment on the preparation of transparent glass-ceramic phosphor
FullText URL 007_113_118.pdf
Author Inoue, Teruhide| Nakashima, Mizuho| Nanba, Tokuro| Miura, Yoshinari|
Abstract The effects of ultrasonic surface treatment (UST) on the crystallization behavior and optical emission properties were investigated for the transparent glass-ceramics prepared from calcium aluminosilicate glasses co-doped with Eu(2+), Nd(3+). The glass-ceramics A were prepared by sintering a glass 45CaO・45Al(2)O(3)・10SiO(2) (mol%) containing 0.5Eu(2)O(3)+1Nd(2)O(3) under a 2% H(2)+98% Ar reducing atmosphere. In the glass-ceramics A, three crystalline phases, CaAl(2)O(4) (CA), CaAl(4)O(7) (CA2) and Ca(2)Al(2)SiO(7) (CAS) were commonly confirmed by X-ray diffraction. No drastic change in the amount of the precipitated crystalline phases was observed even in the case using UST of CA powders. It was suggested that the optical emission properties of the glass-ceramics A was responsible for the CA2 crystals. The glass-ceramics B were also prepared from a 51CaO・42Al(2)O(3)・7SiO(2) glass. The CA crystals were separately precipitated in the glass-ceramics B. In particular, a large amount of CA was successfully produced by stirring the UST suspension to prevent the sedimentation of the UST particles. The glass-ceramic B so-prepared showed strong photoluminescence but weak phosphorescence compared with other glass-ceramics B, indicating that the photoluminescence and phosphorescence were originated in different electron-trapping levels. The amount of the trap levels associated with the long lasting phosphorescence, such as oxygen vacancies, was probably small in the glass-ceramic B prepared with the stirring UST.
Keywords ultrasonic surface treatment (UST) surface crystallization glass-ceramics long lasting phosphorescence calcium aluminosilicate glass
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 113
End Page 118
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313433
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11537
Title Alternative Long-term Change Trend of Climate at Aomori City
FullText URL 006_081_084.pdf
Author Moroizumi, Toshitsugu| Sato, Yuichi| Sato, Koichi| Miura, Takeshi|
Abstract Characteristics of long-term change for air temperature, precipitation and snowfall-depth at Aomori city were analyzed with data during the 111 years, from 1886 to 1996. The typical results were as follows: (1) The increasing rate of the annual mean air temperature was 1.07℃/111 year. (2) The increasing rate of the monthly minimum air temperature was larger than that of the monthly maximum air temperature. (3) The increasing rate of the monthly air temperature was large from winter to spring, however, was not so from summer to autumn. (4) The decreasing rate of annual precipitation was 0.187 mm/year. (5) The 5-year moving average of annual snowfall-depth might indicate the existence of about 10-year period.
Keywords Air temperature precipitation snowfall-depth long-term change Aomori city
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2001-02-28
Volume volume6
Issue issue1
Start Page 81
End Page 84
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313378
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11536
Title Alternative Long-term Trend of Rainfall at Tsudaka Farm of Okayama University
FullText URL 007_107_111.pdf
Author Moroizumi, Toshitsugu| Yomota, Atsushi| Miura, Takeshi|
Abstract Characteristics of long-term change in rainfall at Tsudaka Farm of Okayama University were analyzed with data during the 20 years, from 1979 to 1998. The typical results were as follows: (1) The average of annual rainfall was 1203 mm at average, 1726 mm at maximum, and 666 mm at minimum. (2) The decreasing rate of the annual rainfall was 5.37 mm/year. (3) Trend of rainfall intensity in each rainfall duration showed an increase of which rate were 0.005~0.256 mm/h/year, contrary to the annual trend. (4) Rainfall intensities in n-years probability were estimated using the maximum rainfall intensity for each rainfall duration.
Keywords Rainfall Rainfall intensity Rainfall duration Talbot formula Long-term trend Tsudaka Farm of Okayama University
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 107
End Page 111
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313813
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11535
FullText URL 006_067_079.pdf
Author Kamboh Maqsood Ahmed| Oki, Yoko| Adachi, Tadashi|
Abstract The distribution on Ca, K, Na and Cl in root and leaves was studied in salt tolerant variety (Chikugo Izumi) and salt sensitive variety (PB-81) of wheat under saline conditions. The plants grown in 5% Hoagland's nutrient solution were subjected to 100 mM NaCl salinity for one week before observation with scanning electron microscope and analysis of selected samples with X-ray microanalyzer. Root growth was not affected in salt tolerant variety but reduced significantly in salt sensitive variety. Shoot growth was reduced in both varieties but much higher in salt sensitive variety. Salinity increased accumulation of Na and Cl in all root cells including vascular cells in salt sensitive variety. Salt tolerant variety not only reduced uptake of Na and Cl under saline conditions but also restricted their accumulation in cortex maintaining vascular cells relatively free of these ions. Salt sensitive variety failed to block transport of Na and Cl from root to leaves leading to much accumulation of these ions in leaves under salinity sterss.
Keywords Ion distribution salinity salt tolerance wheat varieties X-ray microanalysis
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2001-02-28
Volume volume6
Issue issue1
Start Page 67
End Page 79
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313904
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11534
FullText URL 007_099_106.pdf
Author Kamboh Maqsood Ahmed| Oki, Yoko| Adachi, Tadashi|
Abstract A few wheat varieties including two Japanese wheat varieties were evaluated for their salt tolerance at seeding stage, their behavior to increasing salinity levels and role of Na exclusion capacity in salt tolerance mechanisms. The wheat varieties were grown in nutrient solution and subjected to 0 (control), 25,75 and 125 mM NaCl salinity levels for 7 days. Although the shoot growth was reduced while Na contents were increased progressively with increasing salinity in all varieties, the varieties were quite different in their response. Salt tolerant va rieties maintained less reduction in their root and shoot growth and better water relations in their shoots than salt sensitive varieties under saline conditions. The wheat varieties were quite different in their Na exclusion capacity. Poor growth in salt sensitive varieties might be due to higher accumulation of Na in their shoots resulting from low Na exclusion capacity of roots, higher Na transport to shoot and/or inferior compartmentation capability.
Keywords growth and mineral composition increasing salinity Na exclusion capacity salt tolerance wheat varieties
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 99
End Page 106
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313704
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11533
Title Alternative Management of Rural Region in Association with Its Regionality of the Western Part of Tottori Prefecture
FullText URL 006_053_065.pdf
Author Ichiminami, Fumikazu|
Abstract In this paper the brief history, the status quo and the problem of regional management in association with its regionality were examined in Yodoe town and Mizokuchi town in the western part of Tottori Prefecture. These areas have the focus of Yonago city. Mt. Daisen and Kaike-spring have been well-known, and Tottori Flower Park recently attracts many tourists. However, agriculture also flourishes remarkably in these areas. Although Yodoe town has been celebrated for the waters and traditional umbrella, the town management recently makes the most of acorn and ancient tombs, giving emphasis to international relations and history. In Mizokuchi town the oldest legend of ogre has been investigated intently and the town management in connection with it has been proceeded. As these plannings use their histories and features peculiar to the area as a management concept, they have high originality. As a future problem, it may be necessary to built up a closer connection and coordinate each regional functions within the extensive areas.
Keywords The Western Part of Tottori Prefecture Rural Area Regionality Regional Coordination of Functions
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2001-02-28
Volume volume6
Issue issue1
Start Page 53
End Page 65
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002314021
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11532
FullText URL 007_091_098.pdf
Author Kamboh Maqsood Ahmed| Oki, Yoko| Adachi, Tadashi|
Abstract To evaluate hypoxic-salinity tolerance in wheat varieties, three Japanese varieties (Nourin-61, Chikugo Izumi and Shirasagi Komugi, relatively salt tolerant) and one Pakistani variety (Blue Silver, relatively salt sensitive) were grown under control, hypoxia, saline and hypoxic-saline conditions. The results suggested that relatively hypoxia and salt tolerant variety Nourin-61 was capable of producing the highest relative shoot yield under combined stress conditions. On the other hand, relatively sensitive variety to both hypoxia and salinity conditions, could not withstand harmful effects of combined stress. A more close correlation of plant growth characters between salinity and hypoxic-salinity than hypoxia and hypoxic-salinity indicated that varieties with higher salt tolerance would suffer less than varieties with higher hypoxia tolerance under combined stress conditions. And the balance of Na/K ratio in shoot tissues seems to be the major evaluation factor as the tolerant variety when salinity and hypoxia stress occur together.
Keywords hypoxia growth and ionic composition salinity salt tolerance wheat varieties
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 91
End Page 98
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313980
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11531
FullText URL 006_047_052.pdf
Author Komatsu, Mitsuru| Nishigaki, Makoto|
Abstract For evaluating subsurface contamination, sampling method (boring) is commonly used, but this method cannot monitor the change of in-situ contamination and concentration with respect to time. The purpose of this study is to develop a measuring system for subsurface contamination in which a so-called FDR-V system (Frequency Domain Reflectometry with Vector network analyzer) was employed to measure the salinity contaminant. This FDR-V method is a coaxial probe method,which allows the measurement of the complex dielectric constant from 1GHz to 18GHz. The experimental study indicates the possibility in measuring both the salinity concentration and volumetric moisture content.
Keywords Dielectric constant Subsurface Salinity concentration Volumetric moisture content
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2001-02-28
Volume volume6
Issue issue1
Start Page 47
End Page 52
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313354
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11530
Title Alternative Tendency of Main Sightseeing-areas based on the Number of Tourists for Some 30 Years in Okayama Prefecture
FullText URL 007_075_089.pdf
Author Ichiminami, Fumikazu|
Abstract In this paper, the tendency of the number of tourists was examined for some 30 years at several sightseeing-areas in Okayama prefecture. Recently, large-scale parks on well-known theme have been built in Japan, the management strategy of sightseeing-spots is becoming harder. However, it is important for us to understand the peculiarity of local sightseeing-areas and advertise the information on unsophisticated nature and culture linked with surrounding ecological system consistently. Sustainable management of sightseeing-areas is affected and sustained by the thought and life-style of peoples living in the adjacent areas.
Keywords Tourists Sightseeing-areas Sustainable Management Okayama Prefecture
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 75
End Page 89
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313698
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11529
FullText URL 006_041_045.pdf
Author Adam Ihab| Sakata, Kenji| Ayano, Toshiki|
Abstract Inclusion of aggregates leads to a reduction in drying shrinkage of cement paste. This is due to the elastic deformation of the aggregates that partly restrains the shrinkage deformation of cement paste. Hence, concrete with higher aggregate content exhibits smaller shrinkage. In addition, concrete with aggregates of higher modulus of elasticity or of rougher surfaces is more resistant to shrinkage process. In this paper the effects of the type of coarse aggregate on the shrinkage of normal and high-strength concretes are investigated. Two different types of crushed stone were used as coarse aggregates to produce the concrete mixtures used in this study. For each coarse aggregate type, two normal-strength concrete (NSC) mixtures and two high-strength concrete (HSC) mixtures were prepared. The 28-day compressive strength values of NSC mixtures were about 35 and 50 MPa, while those of HSC mixtures were 70 and 100 MPa, respectively. All shrinkage specimens were cured in water for 14 days after casting, then exposed to drying under the conditions of constant temperature (20℃) and relative humidity (60%). It has been shown that the type of the coarse aggregate influences shrinkage behaviour of both normal and high-strength concretes.
Keywords Shrinkage Coarse aggregate High-Strength Concrete Silica Fume
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2001-02-28
Volume volume6
Issue issue1
Start Page 41
End Page 45
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313637
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11528
Title Alternative Damage factors analysis for small embankment dams due to the Hyogoken-Nambu earthquake special to Hokudan Town
FullText URL 007_055_074.pdf
Author Fujii, Hiroaki| Kunimasa, Kana| Nanba, Akiyo| Yokomizo, Takayuki| Nishimura, Shin-ichi| Shimada, Kiyoshi| Hori, Toshio| Nishiyama, Tatsuro| Wakitani, Yoshiaki|
Abstract This study was performed to clarify which factors affected damage to take-ike (small embankment dams for irrigation in Japanese) of Hokudan Town on Awaji Island in western Japan due to Hyogoken-Nambu earthquake. Multivariate and ordinary statistical analysis were carried out using documentary data (181 damaged and 328 undamaged dams), and ordinary one was done for the results investigated in situ. The model for the multivariate analysis was created with 13 items and 94 categories for 4 groups (Location, Geology Structure, and History of Dam). As a result, the factors causing to damage for dam are (1) the nearest fault (Nojima, Mizukoshi and D2), (2) embankment volume (the larger the more), (3) angle of crest axis to epicenter (diagonal and normal), (4) distance to the nearest fault (less than 500 m), (5) distance to the epicenter (8 to 14 km which almost agree to the location of seismic intensity 7 JMA), (6) play view of dam axis (3 or 4 axes), (7) angle of crest axis to nearest fault (diagonal and normal), (8) elevation of dam site (over 100 m), (9) surface geology of dam site (non-cohesive soil), (10) era of construction (prior to 1891), and (11) soil properties of embankment (constructed of sand, smaller penetration resistance).
Keywords Earth dam earthquake damage site investigation statistical analysis case study
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 55
End Page 74
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002314039
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11527
Title Alternative Random Bit Strings and Antigenic Diversity ― Simulations
FullText URL 006_035_039.pdf
Author Sasaki, Toru|
Abstract Transition of random bit strings is simulated by using pseudorandom numbers. Bit strings are considered as RNA of HIV virus here. Transition of random bit strings represents that of antigenic deversity.
Keywords random bit string simulation of errors in RNA transcription antigenic diversity
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2001-02-28
Volume volume6
Issue issue1
Start Page 35
End Page 39
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313453
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11526
FullText URL 006_025_034.pdf
Author Yamanishi, Yoshihiro| Tanaka, Yutaka|
Abstract In functional principal component analysis (PCA), we treat the data that consist of functions not of vectors (Ramsay and Silverman, 1997). It is an attractive methodology, because we often meet the cases where we wish to apply PCA to such data. But, to make this method widely useful, it is desirable to study advantages and disadvantages in actual applications. As alternatives to functional PCA, we may consider multivariate PCA applied to 1) original observation data, 2) sampled functional data with appropriate intervals, and 3) coefficients of basis function expansion. Theoretical and numerical comparison is made among ordinary functional PCA, penalized functional PCA and the above three multivariate PCA.
Keywords Functional data Multivariate data Principal component analysis Eigenvalue Eigenvecotor
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2001-02-28
Volume volume6
Issue issue1
Start Page 25
End Page 34
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313939
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11525
Title Alternative A Study on Influence of Current Velocity on Phytoplankton
FullText URL 007_045_053.pdf
Author Li, Jinsong| Kawara, Osami| Ono, Yosiro|
Abstract The main problems caused by eutrophication result from the increase of phytoplankton. Therefore, controlling the increase of phytoplankton is the most important. In this study, we discuss the influence of current velocity on the growth of phytoplankton based on the field experiments and laboratory experiments. The laboratory experiments for the influence of current velocity on the growth have been conducted using circular channels, and the field experiments were conducted using a shallow pond. The results of the experiments show current velocity inhibits the growth of phytoplankton.
Keywords Eutrophication growth of phytoplankton influence of current velocity experiment
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 45
End Page 53
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313529
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11524
Title Alternative Speeds of travelling wave solutions in a mathematical model of some infectious disease in predator-prey system
FullText URL 006_017_023.pdf
Author Kajiwara, Tsuyoshi| Okita, Tomoki|
Abstract In this paper we construct a simple mathematical model for infectious disease in a pradator-prey system, and study the speeds of travelling wave solutions of this model. We present a method of estimation of speeds and make a numerical study about this matter.
Keywords Travelling wave Infectious disease
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2001-02-28
Volume volume6
Issue issue1
Start Page 17
End Page 23
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313731
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11523
FullText URL 007_039_044.pdf
Author Watanabe, Masaji|
Abstract We present some results of a finite element analysis for an unsteady flow in Kojima Lake. We also present an experimental result. The global positioning system was utilized in the experiment in order to record the temporal and the spatial data of a float traveling with the driving force of the fluid resistance. The spatial and temporal data were recorded to examine their correspondence with analytical results.
Keywords lake flow numerical simulation finite element method global positioning system
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 39
End Page 44
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313386
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11522
FullText URL 006_011_015.pdf
Author Watanabe, Masaji| Kunisada, Shigeyuki|
Abstract The global positioning system is utilized in lake flow analysis to facilitate experimental evaluation for numerical results of a lake flow simulation. In our lake flow experiment a float travels on the lake surface receiving the fluid resistance due to lake flow, while a global positioning system receiver keeps track of its position. A momentum equation is derived when the product of the float mass and its acceleration is set equal to the driving force. The temporal change in the position of the float can be simulated when numerical solutions of lake flow equations are given. A comparison of numerical results and experimental data leads to an evaluation of the numerical simulation of lake flow.
Keywords lake flow numerical simulation GPS-float finite element method
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2001-02-28
Volume volume6
Issue issue1
Start Page 11
End Page 15
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313583
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11521
FullText URL 007_031_038.pdf
Author Zhang, Fanghong| Tanaka, Yutaka|
Abstract Relationship has been discussed by Tanaka and Zhang(1999) between the sensitivity analyses based on influence functions and on Cook's local influence, and it has been shown that equivalent results are obtained under general conditions by these analyses in statistical modeling without/with equality constraints. However, a condition implicitly assumed in the proof in Tanaka and Zhang(1999) in the case with equality constraints does not necessarily hold. The present paper gives a complete proof without assuming the condition. Also a formula for the normal curvature is derived for the convenience of practical computation.
Keywords Local influence influence function equality constraints
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 31
End Page 38
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313336
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11519
FullText URL 007_023_029.pdf
Author Sung, JiMin| Yang, WooSung| Tanaka, Yutaka|
Abstract Analysis of covariance selection models is a useful multivariate method to analyze the covariance structure of a multivariate normal distribution. It is used to reveal cause-and-effect relationships. In the present paper we review the theory and study numerically how the stepwise procedure of covariance selection works in actual data analysis. Then we try to develop a method of influence analysis in covariance selection, and show a numerical example to illustrate the usefulness of the method of influence analysis.
Keywords Covariance Selection Local Influence Influence Function Stepwise Procedure
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 23
End Page 29
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002314018