result 33758 件
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41545 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Structural Changes of Industry and Employment in Japan |
| FullText URL | oer_030_3_001_023.pdf |
| Author | Hashimoto, Yoshizo| |
| Abstract | The Japanese industry is in a huge whirlpool. Various common senses and conventions have been seriously doubted. Nevertheless, Japan cannot yet find any exit. Even if finding it, she has spent only a time in vain without doing any effectives measure, because most of those are conflict with vested interests or conventional practices. In this paper, I will make a positive analysis of changing industry in Japan after the babble boom crash in 1991 by using Firms and Establishments Census Data and others. Then, I will make it clear that the cause of failure to buoy up her economy consists in a fact that shortage of investment opportunities in her economy has been misunderstood simply as shortage of macro effective demand. Then, comparing the structural adjustment in the first half of the 1990s with one in the second half of the 1970s, I will clarify that the most serious weak point of Japanese-styled management, which has virtually excluded rights of shareholders from their decisions, have got revealed as her economy matures. I will also say that improvement of profitability by making employment fluid is not only effective as a counter-policy to the prolonged structural depression in the open economy but also inescapable in the "affiuent" economy driven by the service industry. Lastly, in place of a conclusion, I will remind a brief summary and lessons of the US and the UK policy experiences after the 1970s. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1999-03-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 23 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129946 |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1998-09-10 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Content Type | Article |
| Author | Matsuo, Nobushige| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1998-09-10 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Content Type | Article |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41542 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | A Study of an Agricultural Book, "Nōgyō shison yashinaigusa" byYoshitake Tokuyama, 1826 (1) |
| FullText URL | oer_030_2_195_220.pdf |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-09-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 195 |
| End Page | 220 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129942 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41541 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Fluctuations, Risks and Uncertainty in Economics |
| FullText URL | oer_030_2_163_194.pdf |
| Author | Nishigaki, Narunto| |
| Abstract | This note aims at preparing a fundamental framework for our dynamics models taking true uncertainty concept into consideration, and it states the following. First, the rationalities supposed in non-neoclassical economics such as economics of complexity or economics of anomalies are wider sense concepts than that supposed in rational expectation hypothesis.But these schools coincide with each other in the viewpoint of the assumption of stationarity in the economic processes or ergodicity in the stochastic processes. Their main difference just exists between their scopes of stationarity or those of ergodicity. Second, their difference above is not a matter in the face of unpredictable economic shocks, which interrupt stationary states in any sense and should not be in any category of ergodic stochastic processes. Such a shock has a tendency to enlarge uncertainty consciousness in the mental states of the economic units whether another economic shock would come or not in the near future. Increased uncertainty might prevents a person from his rationally expecting, or if we support economics of complexity, we would think that enlarged uncertainty consciousness in human mind might invalidate the several buffers such as inventories, money and credit system, by which economic units deal with some fluctuations in normal ergodic processes. Lastly, however, uncertainty in economics is just a psychological phenomena which we may almost neglect in an ordinary way although it occasionally has serious influences on our economy. Accordingly, we should never regard uncertainty in our models as a universal factor but as a peculiar thing after an economic shock. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-09-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 163 |
| End Page | 194 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129941 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41540 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Relation between Overseas Short-term Fund Taken in by Banks and Stock Market during Full-scale Bubble Stage |
| FullText URL | oer_030_2_129_141.pdf |
| Author | Ichinose, Atsushi| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-09-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 129 |
| End Page | 141 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129939 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41539 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Japanischer Militärarzt und Dichter Rintarou Ougai MORI in Sachsen, 1884-1886 <Nachtrag> |
| FullText URL | oer_030_2_087_127.pdf |
| Author | Matsuo, Nobushige| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-09-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 87 |
| End Page | 127 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129938 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41538 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Accumulation of Local Debt and the Reform on the System of Accounts in Local Public Finance (2) |
| FullText URL | oer_030_2_051_085.pdf |
| Author | Sakamoto, Chuji| |
| Abstract | Following the last paper, we treat the problems of recent accumulation oflocal public debt in Japan and the reform on the system of accounts in local public finance. In this paper, we investigate the characteristic of the first budget bills of prefectural governments in 1998 fiscal year, and then we refer to the financial structures ofOkayama prefecture's budget bill. Following these analysis, we discuss the tasks of the establishment of balance-sheet in local government and the necessity to introduce the system of stock-accounts including double entry bookkeeping. In this point, the recent Report of Syakai-Keizai-Seisansei-Honbu and Mie prefecture's attempt on the settlement of finance with double entry bookkeeping are very interesting, but we must say that these attempts still have some problems to solve. In the last chapter, we discuss how to analyze the stock-position of local government finance and suggest to introduce Performance Budgeting System for the present. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-09-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 51 |
| End Page | 85 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129937 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41537 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Chinese Society Today Observed through Abbreviations with Numerals (II) |
| FullText URL | oer_030_2_001_050.pdf |
| Author | Oka, Masumi| |
| Abstract | My study on abbreviations with numerals consists of three parts. This is the second part of it. Many abbreviations with numerals have been used as political slogans by the Chinese Communist Party. I try to clarify, by analyzing those abbreviations, the phases of Chinese society tdoay. I classified abbreviations with numerals in terms of the themes such as the Party's basic policy, state enterprises, agriculture, etc. In the previous part of my study, I introduced those abbreviations which reflect ① the Party's basic strategy on its "open policy" and ② essential policies on state enterprises by the Party. In this second part of my study, I deal with those which belong to ① reforms by state enterprises and by local governments, ② fundamental policies on agriculture and farming areas by the Party, and ③ reforms of farming villages by local governments. In this study it is revealed that a greater part of abbreviations have something to do with either state enterprises or agriculture. This shows they are the two biggest problems that today's China faces. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-09-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 50 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129936 |
| Author | Matsuo, Nobushige| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1998-06-10 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Content Type | Article |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41535 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | On "Nōgyōshisonyashinaigusa-hikae" by Yoshitake Tokuyama, 1824 |
| FullText URL | oer_030_1_159_182.pdf |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-06-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 159 |
| End Page | 182 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129923 |
| Author | Matsuo, Nobushige| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1998-06-10 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Content Type | Article |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41532 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Lodging Houses for the Poor in Tokyo in the End of Meiji Era |
| FullText URL | oer_030_1_083_110.pdf |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-06-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 83 |
| End Page | 110 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129921 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41531 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Rise of Share Prices in the Early Stage of Bubble Formation : 1983-85 |
| FullText URL | oer_030_1_063_082.pdf |
| Author | Ichinose, Atsushi| |
| Abstract | Though a common view holds that bubbles bagan their formation from 1986, we cannot easily agree. Share prices, at least, began to contain bubbles from 1984. Though share prices during 1983-85 stayed within changes of so-called fundamentals, current profit of companies, which is one of the two fundamentals, contained profit from that very rise of share prices. Explaining bubbles through the concept of "fundamentals" will inevitably go around in circles. We should rather pay attention to the fact that at the end of 1984, the ratio of the total sum of shares to GNP, listed on all the stock exchanges, valued at current market prices, amounted to 56.1% which is an unprecedented high figure. The bubbles in share prices owed greatly to the positive absorption of overseas short-term fund by foreign exchange banks from 1984. They took advantage of the abolition, in 1984, of so-called yen-ten regulation, which had long restricted, to a degree, the banks' conversion of dollars, taken in from overseas financial centers, into yen. After the abolition some parts of the converted money were vigorously invested into domestic stock market. Greater part of the money taken in was appropriated to their own external investment, and the rest to security investment, particularly in shares. Consequently, share prices were raised. It is not that big banks were excluded from financing to big firms but that they remained doing so, transforming themselves into by far the biggest undertaker of so-called equity finance. The above mechanism evolves extensively throughout the stages offull-scale bubbles. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-06-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 63 |
| End Page | 82 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129920 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41530 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Steel-smelting System of the Showa Iron & Steel Works in the Late 1940 s |
| FullText URL | oer_030_1_043_061.pdf |
| Author | Matsumoto, Toshiro| |
| Abstract | The Showa Iron & Steel Works (the Anshan Iron & Steel Co. after the war) lost over 60% of its steel-smelting facility when the Red Army (The Soviet Army) confiscated the equipment of the company. One of its two steel-smelting factories was completely destroyed. The production capacity fell down from 1,330,000 tons / year to 500,000 tons / year. The AISC, however, recovered its maximum pre-war level in 1952-53. The output of steel ingot was 843,000 in 1943, 770,000 in 1952, and 976,000 in 1953. This paper aims to examine the reason why the operation of the company recovered so quickly in spite of its serious war damage. The factors which enabled the company to rebuild its production were as follows: (1) the remaining equipment of the first steel-smelting factory; (2) highly educated and well trained Japanese engineers; (3) documents of SISW concerning the operation of its equipment; (4) flexible leadership of the AISC; (5) strong motivation of Chinese engineers and Chinese workers. Technical knowledge and experience were quite important for the AISC, especially when it started its operation. Some parts ofthe first steel-smelting factory was much improved by the Chinese engineers, using the then existing documents of SISW. A conversion of preliminary smelting furnaces to open hearth furnaces was the most successful example. Chinese engineers bravely tried an un-experienced method in the face of Japanese engineers' warning, considering the new circumstances for steel production. Unbelievable hard work of Chinese engineers and workers sustained those process. All of these factors were necessary to accomplish the rapid reconstruction of the company. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-06-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 43 |
| End Page | 61 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129919 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41529 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Chinese Society Today Observed through Abbreviations with Numerals (I) |
| FullText URL | oer_030_1_001_041.pdf |
| Author | Oka, Masumi| |
| Abstract | In this study, I will clarifY the phases of Chinese society today through abbreviations with numerals which have been created recently. Many abbreviations with numerals have been used as political slogans by the Chinese Communist Party. The abbreviation, "yi-guo liang-zhi", for example, was created in the middle of 1980's, and it has been used very widely not only in China but also in the other part of the world. It is an abbreviation of "yi-ge guojia liang-zhong zhidu" which means "one country, two systems". Beijing has been using it to express its policy towards Taiwan and Hong Kong. The wide acceptance and acknowledgement ofthe abbreviation by the Chinese people has brought about several parodies such as "yi-jia liangzhi" (one family, two systems), "yi-jia liang--qi" (one family, two wives) and "yi-ehang liang-zhi" (one factory, two systems). These parodies reflect some phases ofthe Chinese society very vividly. I picked up nearly 400 abbreviations with numerals from a bimonthly magazine BANYUETAN in the latter half of 1996 and in 1997. I have selected those which reflect the social phanomena in 1990's, and which are not reported in Nasu [1991). I tried to classify the selected ones in terms of the themes such as the Party's basic policy, state enterprises, agriculture, etc. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-06-10 |
| Volume | volume30 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 41 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2000-03-10 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Content Type | Article |
| Author | Matsuo, Nobushige| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2000-03-10 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Content Type | Article |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41526 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | An Overview of the Canadian Economy in Comparative Perspective - Economic Growth, Wages, Industrial Structure and Foreign Trade - |
| FullText URL | oer_031_4_371_394.pdf |
| Author | lchinose, Atsushi| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2000-03-10 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 371 |
| End Page | 394 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130028 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41525 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | An Essay on the Whole Image of Keynes's Concept of of Uncertainty |
| FullText URL | oer_031_4_347_370.pdf |
| Author | Nishigaki, Narunto| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2000-03-10 |
| Volume | volume31 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 347 |
| End Page | 370 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000130027 |
