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JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11510
FullText URL 007_001_005.pdf
Author Ohga, Yukio| Ishikawa, Hirofumi| Doi, Rikuo| Ishii, Hiroyuki|
Abstract In our study, we have investigated the influence of the intermediate host population density on the prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in the definitive host using a mathematical model of transmission. For the vole population (intermediate host) in Hokkaido, a model of population dynamics has been constructed in this paper which follows the seasonal and annual fluctuations. In the northeastern area, the vole density appears to fluctuate periodically with a 4 year cycle. The prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in the fox population (definitive host) can be affected by the density of vole through the fox ingesting infectious voles. Therefore we have prepared a food habit function of foxes and the logistic distribution has been proposed. The simulations which have been carried out using the mathematical model for transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis together with the vole dynamics have indicated that the prevalence in foxes is correlated and synchronized with the population dynamics of vole. In addition they have also made us recognize that it is necessary to introduce a suitable food habit function into the transmission model.
Keywords Echinococcus multilocularis food habit of foxes Hokkaido population dynamics vole
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2002-03-22
Volume volume7
Issue issue1
Start Page 1
End Page 5
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11502
FullText URL 010_083_088.pdf
Author Kankam-Yeboah Kwabena| Darko Philip K.| Nishigaki, Makoto|
Abstract Groundwater has been recognised as the most cost-effective option of safe water supply to rural communities in Ghana. The demand for potable water has led to the drilling of a large number of boreholes in many parts of the country. To establish the threshold of groundwater development from storage in a major river catchment (Pra River) in South-West Ghana, studies on recharge to the weathered aquifer and statistical evaluations of specific capacity and potential yield have been carried out. The SACSMA conceptual hydrological modelling system was used for the recharge estimate. With recharge rate of 50 mm/yr, the natural groundwater resources in the basin was estimated to support a maximum withdrawal of 12 l/s for a 10 hour per day pumping. The groundwater resources potential of 1.6 l/sk㎡ could be considered the threshold of groundwater exploitation in similar river basins in South-West Ghana. A study into the relation between permeability and recharge under different conditions and scenarios is required to define their limiting role in groundwater resources development.
Keywords Groundwater storage recharge aquifer specific capacity base flow hydrologic budget
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2005-02-28
Volume volume10
Issue issue1
Start Page 83
End Page 88
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313829
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11501
FullText URL 010_075_081.pdf
Author Kankam-Yeboah Kwabena| Asare Enoch B.| Gyau-Boakye, Philip| Nishigaki, Makoto|
Abstract The rapid impact assessment (RIAM), which was developed in Denmark, is a new tool for the execution of environmental impact assessments. RIAM is quite flexible, transparent and leaves a permanent record, which can be independently checked, validated or updated. RIAM has successfully been used to prioritize water resources management problems in Ghana in the order of which problems call for the most urgent attention. The priority list was easily validated and accepted to be the true reflection of the situation at a national workshop in which experts and representatives from water agencies, donor agencies, university faculties and departments, research institutes, private institutions and organizations including Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs) participated. The study has shown that RIAM, which can also be used in a developing country like Ghana, is a very useful tool in such prioritization process as has been applied in this exercise.
Keywords Water resources management problems prioritization impact indicators RIAM river basins Ghana
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2005-02-28
Volume volume10
Issue issue1
Start Page 75
End Page 81
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313917
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11497
FullText URL 008_023_026.pdf
Author Watanabe, Masaji| Numaguchi Satoshi|
Abstract The global positioning system (GPS) is utilized for analysis of flows in the water environment. A float equipped with a GPS unit is designed to drift on the surface of the water. Its driving force is the fluid resistance exerted on a pair of rectangular plates. While it travels over the surface, the GPS unit evaluates its position every second, and spatiotemporal data that specify its motion are transmitted to be recorded. Results of experiments conducted to study unsteady flows generated in Kojima Lake are introduced.
Keywords water environment global positioning system
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2003-03
Volume volume8
Issue issue1
Start Page 23
End Page 26
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313912
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11496
FullText URL 010_057_065.pdf
Author Dewan Ashraf M.| Alam Md. Mahabubul| Nishigaki, Makoto|
Abstract This paper is an attempt to develop a series of maps that precisely depict flood prone areas in Greater Dhaka, Bangladesh using remote sensing techniques. Multi-temporal RADARSAT SAR data were acquired and employed to delineate open water flood boundary during the floods of 1998 and 2000. Using a threshold algorithm, SAR data is segregated into water and non-water areas. The empirical threshold value was obtained by using visual interpretation technique, local knowledge of the study site and by deriving corresponding pixel values to land/water from each image. The result demonstrated that 53 percent of the study area was heavily inundated in 1998 flood which is the largest submerged area during a catastrophic scenario. In contrast, 35.32 percent area was flooded during the year 2000 which represents the area under water for a normal event. Using the reference data acquired from field visit, derived flood maps were further validated. Moderate accuracy is obtained for all flood maps, however, July 1998 image attained the highest overall accuracy (86%) in the dataset. The derived flood maps are expected to be useful to mitigate losses of lives and property from river water flooding in Greater Dhaka. Furthermore, this information would be worthwhile to develop an efficient flood disaster management system.
Keywords SAR open water flood 1998 and 2000 floods Greater Dhaka RADARSAT
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2005-02-28
Volume volume10
Issue issue1
Start Page 57
End Page 65
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313953
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11487
FullText URL 008_001_007.pdf
Author Tsunekuni Yasuhiro| Ohga Yukio| Ishikawa, Hirofumi|
Abstract In 1990s, there were rapid increases in the number of HIV epidemics and AIDS cases in Thailand, Southeast Asia. In particular the risk of HIV infection was very high among female prostitutes who played a large part in the transmission of HIV infection. We formulated a mathematical model for the transmission of HIV in prostitutes. We carried out the model simulations to analyze the incipient spread of HIV infection and the effect of AIDS prevention methods in prostitutes. The simulation of our model indicates that even if the effect of AIDS prevention methods such as the recommendation of condom use for commercial sex workers would block the transmission at rate by 70%, the elimination of the HIV epidemic is still beyond attainment.
Keywords AIDS HIV prostitution Thailand transmission model
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2003-03
Volume volume8
Issue issue1
Start Page 1
End Page 7
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002314019
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11485
FullText URL 010_029_039.pdf
Author Ju Xian Meng|
Abstract The generalized Grothendieck-Witt ring of nonsingular Hermitian forms with positioning map is the cartesian product of the ordinary Grothendieck-Witt ring of nonsingular Hermitian forms and a map ring. We study the generalized Grothendieck-Witt ring by computing the map ring.
Keywords Grothendieck Witt ring orbit GAP
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2005-02-28
Volume volume10
Issue issue1
Start Page 29
End Page 39
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313655
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11480
Title Alternative A Case Study on How to Teach English at University Adopting TOEIC (2) -Evaluation after three years-
FullText URL 009_167_178.pdf
Author Morokawa, Shigetake| Ogino, Masaru| Kanzaki, Ken-ichi|
Abstract Three years ago, we wrote an essay about our new English-teaching program that adopted TOEIC. We gave out questionnaires to the students with questions ranging from what they thought of English in general to what they thought of our new program. In the essay, we discussed some of the results. Even though students' response was relatively positive in this initial survey, we wrote in our conclusion that we would like to renew and reform our classes. Receiving feedback from students periodically would help us improve their English ability. In order to see the change of students' attitude toward English and also toward our program, we conducted the same research last February. This time the results were not as favorable. For example, the number of students who thought their English ability was poor increased and those who showed a positive attitude toward our program decreased. We discussed and wrote what we learned from those results. We raised the question whether there was a gap between what we tried to teach to the students and what they wanted from us. Possible reasons were discussed on why we could not succeed in stimulating the students into studying English further. In April 2003 Okayama University started a new English curriculum, in which the classes for proficiency tests including TOEIC were opened. Similar classes have been set at many other universities. This survey will be a help to the further development of English education adopting TOEIC.
Keywords TESOL TOEIC questionnaires team teaching
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 167
End Page 178
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313460
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11479
FullText URL 010_001_007.pdf
Author Wang Xiao Dong| Ishikawa, Hirofumi|
Abstract The one-way hash function plays an important role in digital signatures and message authentication from the viewpoint of security. No effective attacking method has been discovered to the algorithm of hash function standard. In this study, we tried to attack SHA-256 in encryption mode using linear and differential cryptanalysis to solve a private key. We deduced that an estimate of the private key would require huge known and chosen plaintexts in both linear and differential cryptanalysis, and that it would be difficult to decipher SHA-256 in view of the required computation.
Keywords differential cryptanalysis encryption mode hash function linear cryptanalysis SHA-256
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2005-02-28
Volume volume10
Issue issue1
Start Page 1
End Page 7
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313630
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11477
Title Alternative Efficient Chain Extension Reaction of Poly (butylene terephthalate) by using Crystallization
FullText URL 012_167_171.pdf
Author Ihara, Seiji| Shiroma, Hisashi| Yamazaki, Shinichi| Kimura, Kunio|
Abstract Plastics are quite important materials for not only industrial usages but also our daily life. Many plastics are difficult to reuse because they are susceptible to UV, hydrolysis and so on leading to the reduction of molecular weight. Among them, poly (butylenes terephthalate) (PBT) is a valuable materials prepared by polycondensation reaction, and PBT has the same limitation to reuse. Hence, efficient chain extension reaction for recovered PBT has been needed to improve the properties damaged by chain scission. In this study, new chain extension reaction had been examined by using crystallization as pre-treatment. Isothermal crystallization at 161℃ concentrated the chain end-groups on the surface of the crystals, and chain extension reaction at 210℃, which was lower than the melting temperature of PBT, enhanced the molecular weight significantly compared with the reaction over the melting temperature. It concluded that the pre-treatment of crystallization was favorable for the efficient chain extension reaction and this result provided the new technology for the effective reuse of the plastics.
Keywords Polyester material recycle crystallization chain extension reaction
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2007-03-15
Volume volume12
Issue issue1
Start Page 167
End Page 171
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002314029
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11474
Title Alternative Agricultural trend of Inner Mongolia And Policy of Replacing Agriculture by Afforestation A Case Study of Zhuo Zi Xian, Wu Lan Cha Bu Meng
FullText URL 009_141_151.pdf
Author Du, Fu-Lin| Shinabe, Yoshihiro|
Abstract In this paper, Background of Policy of Replacing Agriculture by Afforestation is clarified by means of the relation of the local Agricultural trend due to performance of the policy, united it the influence in the living and agriculture production to farmer in Zhuo Zi Xian. The investigation to the feasibility of the policy is based on the statistics data and the investigation of the agriculture in Inner Mongolia of China. In progress of the Policy of Replacing Agriculture by Afforestation, change of crop structure and development of animal husbadry were mainly seen in local agriculture. It made "Replacing Agriculture by Afforestation" possible. In order to perform this policy, to prevent retrogradation and develop local Agriculture continuously, technological development and spread in the Sustainable Agriculture, Training of Products processing company and Exploitation of the Products market of Agriculture, Forestry and Stockbreeding should be considered in the future study.
Keywords replacing agriculture by afforestation policy make one stop two Return three Agricultural trend Inner Mongolia China
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 141
End Page 151
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313842
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11471
FullText URL 012_151_156.pdf
Author Chetin Amine Cifci| Ichiminami, Fumikazu|
Abstract More than billions of years, Earth activity and earthquakes have functioned as the most important part in shaping the physical features of our Earth, on both social life and environment. Its unavoidable results always change life styles and city's structures with its positive and negative effects. To diminish those negative effects or avoid precise earthquake hazard, informing society is very crucial that the strong awareness decreases the risk as seen from past experiences all around the world. The research technique is functioned as questionnaire and applied in the area to achieve more realistic information and to maintain the essential arguments. All along the study, it is tried to think up the earthquake phenomena well known and straightforwardly recognized by a considerable quantity of people. Consequently, it is observed in this study that; firstly, telecommunication is most selected item both before and after earthquake in the point of its effectiveness. Secondly, telecommunication tools more preferable though, public announcement more trusting for society as power of affection on personal decision mechanisms. Thirdly, as a new tendency after earthquake, internet preference increased by means of information source about earthquake.
Keywords Awareness of earthquake Importance of information Relative reliability of sources Internet and public announcement
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2007-03-15
Volume volume12
Issue issue1
Start Page 151
End Page 156
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313418
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11468
FullText URL 009_111_116.pdf
Author Su Hai| Taniguchi, Takeo| Chouw Nawawi|
Abstract The study addresses the influence of bumpers as reduction measures at the bridge decks. The considered devices are steel spring, steel spring with additional viscous damper or steel spring with additional friction element. Gap between bridge decks remains. The reduction measure is placed at one end of the neighbouring girders. The considered earthquakes are the 1994 Northridge earthquake and the 1995 Kobe earthquake. For the nonlinear analysis a finite element method is used. The investigation shows that compared to the other measures the best reduction of the pounding force can be achieved with a friction device.
Keywords reduction measure earthquake response bridge girder pounding viscous damping friction
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 111
End Page 116
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313773
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11467
Title Alternative Rows-of-houses Preservation in Maniwa City of Katsuyama Area, Okayama Prefecture
FullText URL 012_141_149.pdf
Author Luo, Yanjuan| Ichiminami, Fumikazu|
Abstract The aim of the study is to explain the present condition of the rows-of-houses preservation policy of Okayama Prefecture and to examine the samples in Maniwa city, Katsuyama area. Besides, the interview investigation was mainly conducted for residents in the rows-of-houses of preservation area in Katsuyama for giving the concluding remarks about the findings. The traditional private houses in Katsuyama preservation area were partially restored in the 1985-89 and 1993-97 fiscal years by the subsidy from the prefecture. Furthermore, Katsuyamacho at that time founded the subsidy system for maintaining rows-of-houses preservation area (about 25.3 ha) independently in 1993, restored 9 private houses, and made and updated the shop curtains; "Noren". In the point of the observable items, the ground warehouse of structures with gable tile-roofing is visible and it is also in use. Moreover, a latticed window structure, a white wall, and a sea cucumber wall constitute the charm of new rows-of-houses. A stone pavement follows on the riverside at the site facing the Asahi River. There are the remains of an arrival-and-departure place of a flat boat and a brewery, etc. According to our investigation in 2002, the residents were satisfied with "It is easy to live quietly", "the beauty of a natural landscape", "harmony of rows-of-houses and a shop curtain", and "a historical atmosphere", but the recognition of "the creation of active rows-of-houses" was unexpectedly low. Therefore, cooperation between residents and informational sharing are much more required. Consequently, since both the visitors and the residents are satisfied very much with each facilities, such as the whole rows-of-houses, a samurai residence, a brewery, and a restaurant etc., town planning is well organized and attained the priority targets.
Keywords Rows-of-houses Preservation Katsuyama area Visitors Residents
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2007-03-15
Volume volume12
Issue issue1
Start Page 141
End Page 149
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313778
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11465
Title Alternative A Survey Study of Residential Awareness on Utilization Function of Agricultural Water and Its Maintenance --A case study in Niwase and Natsukawa of Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture
FullText URL 012_131_140.pdf
Author Makino, Tota| Matsuoka, Takanobu| Qi, Zhiyong| Shinabe, Yosihiro|
Abstract The agricultural water has manifold functions for farming at community level. However, along with the difficulties to maintain the agriculture water path that are caused by the decreasing of farmers and the aging of the society, the agricultural water is losing its functions even that as water resource for local community. This paper presents a survey of the residential awareness on regional water utilization to find the possibility for the maintenance of agricultural water path. Economic evaluation is tried for the regional warter utilization function. This study is carried out at a regional level that covers both farming households and non farmers. Following three points can be confirmed based on the results of questionnaire survey. Firstly, local citizens admit that the agricultural water does have some values (3,037 Yen per household per year). Secondly, the higher the environmental awareness is, and the longer the citizen has lived there, the higher evaluation to function of the agricultural water can be observed. Thirdly, even within those who is holding high evaluation to the agricultural water, it is thought to be quite difficult to maintain the agricultural water path due to the aging of the society and uneven distribution of the participants.
Keywords agricultural water manifold functions for farming at community level local citizens maintenance Contingent Valuation Method
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2007-03-15
Volume volume12
Issue issue1
Start Page 131
End Page 140
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313592
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11462
Title Alternative Comparison of micrometeorological environments inside and outside an oriental pickling melon greenhouse.
FullText URL 012_125_130.pdf
Author Morimoto, Yuji| Hirano, Emi| Miura, Takeshi|
Abstract The use of greenhouses has rapidly increased after 1965, and the area became 11 times of 1965 as of 2001. Meteorological conditions and soil moisture environments inside a greenhouse are significantly different from those in the open field. These differences should be understandable to establish accurate predictions of water consumption and evapotranspiration inside a greenhouse which play important roles in the design of any irrigation system. This study aims to estimate the micrometeorological conditions inside an oriental pickling melon greenhouse which can be used for evapotranspiration calculations. Therefore, micrometeorological data were measured inside and outside the greenhouse for the comparison purposes. The results of this study may be summarized as: (1) Solar radiation inside the greenhouse was decreased about 30% of that of outside it by plastic film and frame. (2) Net radiation during the daytime inside the greenhouse was almost the same as the absorbed total short-wave radiation. (3) The difference of daytime mean air temperature inside and outside the greenhouse was between 3 and 4 degree Celsius in day average. (4) Both relative humidity and saturation deficit inside the greenhouse were higher than outside, and those were affected by ventilation. (5) Wind speed inside the greenhouse was greatly affected by opening rate of the house side.
Keywords greenhouse micrometeorology oriental pickling melon
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2007-03-15
Volume volume12
Issue issue1
Start Page 125
End Page 130
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313863
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11461
Title Alternative The Study of Monin-Obukhov Similarity of Vertical Wind Velocity and Scalar Quantities in the Atmospheric Surface Layer
FullText URL 009_075_079.pdf
Author Ushikawa, Nozomi| Iwata, Toru| Ohtaki, Eiji|
Abstract Standard deviations for vertical wind velocity and scalar quantities, such as carbon dioxide,c, and water vapor,q, were analyzed on the basis of Monin-Obukhov similarity theory in the atmospheric surface layer. The correlation coefficient between scalar quantities c and q ,|R(cq)|, was derived from the similarity functions and can be expressed as the ratio of B(q)/B(c)(B(q)≤B(c)), where parameter B is the value of the normalized standard deviation of carbon dioxide and water vapor at neutral conditions.
Keywords Monin-Obukhov similarity theory Standard deviation Correlation coefficient Carbon dioxide Water vapor
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 75
End Page 79
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313729
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11460
Title Alternative Measurement of root system with growth of oriental pickling melon.
FullText URL 012_119_123.pdf
Author Hirano, Emi| Morimoto, Yuji| Miura, Takeshi|
Abstract It is important to clarify how the soil moisture changes by irrigation and how moisture is consumed by absorption of root, to plan irrigation appropriately in upland field. And, it is thought that clarifying the growth of the root can be important information in the water management, because the amount and the pattern of root water uptake change depending on the growth stage. However, there are not too much a lot of researches that measure the root, in addition, the example intended for crops of 'Gourd family (scientific name:Cucurbitaceae)' is not found. Therefore, for oriental pickling melon, it measured how for the root system to grow up as crop grew every three weeks. The results of this study may be summarized as: 1) Root amount increased with the growth of crops, and the majority of the root existed to 20cm in depth. A lot of rootlets with the role of water uptake existed outside of from 10 to 20cm. 2) Root length has grown up in horizontal and vertical direction at a dash at the stage of growing initial. 3) It was able to be confirmed to the growth of the ground part and the root that the length and amount either also had implications. Moreover, root amount and plant caver ratio drew similar curve.
Keywords root growth oriental pickling melon
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2007-03-15
Volume volume12
Issue issue1
Start Page 119
End Page 123
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313695
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11457
Title Alternative Study on Effects of the Density Current Generator by Experiment and Measurement
FullText URL 009_059_064.pdf
Author Watanabe, Masaji| Yamatogi, Toshio|
Abstract The density current generator (Manufacturer: Nakashima Propeller Co., Ltd., Patent owner: Hitachi Metals, Ltd.) is designed to generate vertical circulation over a wide water area harnessing the density current effect. We present some experimental results that we obtained using a float equipped with a GPS unit to study water flows generated by a density current generator unit set in S-Reservoir in Okayama Prefecture. We also present some measured results concerning the water temperature around the unit. We discuss its effects observing the experimental results and the measured results.
Keywords density current stratification water environment
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 59
End Page 64
ISSN 1341-9099
language Japanese
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313754
JaLCDOI 10.18926/fest/11456
FullText URL 009_053_058.pdf
Author Numaguchi Satoshi| Med Mahmoud Ould Med Lemine| Watanabe, Masaji|
Abstract We study a wind-generated current in Kojima Lake. We introduce an experimantal result which was obtained using a float equipped with a GPS unit. We also present a result of numerical study in which a result from finite element analysis of flow is applied to the momentum equation of the float to simulate its motion.
Keywords water environment global positioning system numerical simulation
Publication Title 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告
Published Date 2004-02-27
Volume volume9
Issue issue1
Start Page 53
End Page 58
ISSN 1341-9099
language English
File Version publisher
NAID 120002313924