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1. Clinical and histological evaluation of so-called chorioepithelioma malignum and hydatidiform mole has been made on the cases treated at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Hospital during the 20year period friom 1939 to 1958. 2. CC has been confirmed to be a poor risk in the treatment than CA and SE. 3. The two-year cure rate and the five-year cure rate yield an approximate value in each of CC, CA and SE, so that the two-year survival would be an ideal index for determination of the prognosis. 4. It may be pointed out that CC would indicate a tendency of a higher gonadotropin content suggestive of the poor prognosis, provided the disease contain a greater number of La-cells comparing to Sy-cells. 5. Metastasis of CA is not so infrequent as has been formerly believed, and there were two cases, which proved to be a typical SE and had metastasis to the vaginal wall. 6. Concerning the last labor preceding the chorioepithelioma, it has been clarified that the disease occurs more frequently following spontaneous abortion rather than after artificial abortion. 7. It is noted that the mole showing a marked proliferation of the trophoblasts entailed CC. However, in order to evaluate a correlation of the histological findings of the mole with chance occurrence of the subsquent CC, further study on the cases is required.

A photo tube dew-point hygrometer is used for measuring humidity of respiratory gases, which are in varying conditions. It makes it possible to make an accurate, precise, continuous and automatic recording of the dew point of gas flows. The most notable features of this device are: (1) Simplicity of calculating absolute humidity, since the humidity is indicated with dew point. (2) Calibration is easy and reliable. (3) Performance is stable, and its operation and maintenance are simple. (4) Indication is correct and unaffected by temperature. (5) There is good response to any quick changes in humidity. (6) There is continuous and automatic recording of humidity, especially with simultaneous temperature measurements on the same paper. (7) Impurities such as the vapors of organic substances or volatile agents do not affect the performance. Simple wiping can eliminate the disturbance from mirror contamination. (8) The entire apparatus is on a cart and easily movable. This device provides a new method of studying the functional relationship between humidity and various respiratory states, and it is hoped it will contribute much to physiological and clinical investigations. The principle and structure of the "automatic D.P. hygrometer", the apparatus and method for practical hygrometry and obtained results are described and discussed.

With the purpose to elucidate the relation between the enzyme activity and the morphology of mitochondria the author carried out histochemical and biochemical investigations of cytochrome oxidase and succinic dehydrogenase activities of liver cells obtained at various intervals after the oral administration of CCl4, to male rats. And the data were compared with those reported in the first report. In the normal liver histochemically demonstrable cytochrome c oxidase activity and succinic dehydrogenase activity can be seen in parenchymal cells. In both cases the cells lying in the peripheral area show a more intense activities than those in the central part of liver lobules. The activity of cytochrome c oxidase falls markedly 5 to 6 hours after the CCl4, administration, while the activity of succinic dehydrogenase is retained almost at normal level for about 20 hours. Quantitative estimation of the succinic dehydrogenase activity of tissue homogenate revealed a transient rise in the activity 90 minutes after the CCl4, administration, and thereafter the values have been kept in almost normal level by 20 hours though a gradually fall has been seen in this period with a marked degree at 22nd hour. Taking the changes of minute structure occurring at each stage into consideration, which have been reported in the previous paper, the author concludes that the activity of succinic dehydrogenase is closely correlated with the maintenance of double membraneous structure of mitochondria, but the activity of cytochrome c oxidase is reduced by the swelling of mitochondria.

The excretion of bilirubin and therefore the relief of jaundice is dependent upon at least three factors. First, the bilirubin must be conjugated and thus converted into a water soluble compound: this means its conversion to an ester glucuronide although other conjugates may also be formed. Secondly, there is the problem of the transport of bilirubin through the hepatic cell. A defect in either the up-take of bilirubin or the secretion of conjugated bilirubin may result in jaundice such as is seen in the various types of familial hyperbilirubinemia. Thirdly, there is the possibility of alternative catabolic pathways for bilirubin: this approach to the problem has, however, not yet received the attention of investigators.

The author examined with electron microscope the rod-shaped bacteria obtained from the human mouth, which were peritrichous and Gram stain positive. Observations revaled the granules of 15 mμ-25 mμ in size being arranged neatly and hexagonally in the cell wall. Moreover, these granules were found to detach themselves quite readily by a slight physical process, disclosing the underlying layer. These seemed to show most probably a portion of the fine structure in the cell wall of an unidentified bacterium from the human mouth.

L'auteur donne la description de ses instruments le myotonometre et le myographe servant a mesurer dans des conditions physiologiques sur la base du changement de volume des muscle la capacite de fonctionnement des muscles stries de l'homme et l'animal ainsi qu'a constater l'etat du systeme nerveux des capillaires ou les douleurs abdominales. Le myotonometre enregistre egalsment le tonus (la consistance du tonus).

Depuis que M. le Docteur SZIRMAI a fait connaitre en 1954-55 son invention pharmaceutique, le H.A.H. (Heacrin) et qu'il a expose de la circulation peripherque1, theorie ayant une importance particuliere dans la therapeutique, le traitement par H.A.H. a ete suivie avec un vif interet. La sphere d'indication du medicament a ete essayee dans plusieurs cas pathologiques par l'auteur lui-meme, qui a rendu compte des resultats de ses experiences dans plusieurs publications2,3,4 et conferenceso5. Pour ce qui concerne les details je me permets de renvoyer aux renseignements de la bibliographie respective.

Neomyographic examinations were made by the authors on 28 patients. The extent of reconvalescence was measured on the basis of changes in the values recorded by the myograms taken before and after the treatment.

Every cytologist in biology or medicine knows the so-called "Golgi-Complex", but no cytologist can state exactly the structure and the function of this complex. Nevertheless, in the last six years this" Golgi complex" in about 100 different cells has been seen in the electron microscope. That is the reason I have tried to make a comparative study of these fields. I would like to give a short review of this investigation here, having been kindly invited by Prof. S. SENO.

Attempts were made to identify menstrual blood by means of paper electrophoresis with preparation of extracts of menstrual blood isolated under various conditions and mixed with human fibrin. Also similar analyses were conducted with blood aspirated from the median cubital vein of a woman during menstruation as well as from a man as the control, also with extracts of lochial blood from a woman after normal delivery, and of the blood obtained at arrtificial abortion. Animal fibrins (from rabbit, mouse, steer, and guinea pig) were also used to see the lytic action of the bloods. The following are the results of the present experiments. 1. The identification of menstrual blood by means of paper electrophoresis is a simple method in legal medicine and its electrophorogram is an excellent method to offer an evidence of proof for mentrual blood. 2. By this method it is possible to identify the menstrual bloodstain even after the lapse of time as much as 6 months. 3. It is possible to identify even putrefied menstrual bloodstain. 4. In the case where the material stained with menstrual blood is found in water, it is not possible to identify the menstrual blood by this method. 5. When the menstrual blood is heated at 60°C over 30 minutes, it becomes impossible to identify it by this method. 6. In the case of venous blood during menstruation fibrinolytic product can be detected only on the first day of menstruation, but since it appears only in trace, it is easy to differentiate it from menstrual blood. 7. As for lochial blood the fibrinolytic product can be detected only in the blood obtained on the first and second days of puerperium, but the amount being so slight that it can readily be distinguished from menstrual blood. 8. In the case of the blood obtained at artificial abortion fibrinolytic product appears just as much as in the case of menstrual blood, and thus it is impossible to differentiate it from mentrual blood by this method. 9. As for the use of human fibrin it is best to employ it while it isdresh, but the human fibrin up to 6 days old can be used. However, the older is the human fibrin the lesser the fibrinolytic product detectable. 10. In the case using animal fibrins mixed with the extract of menstrual blood some do produce fibrinolytic product in trace, but since there is a danger of also producing the fibrinolytic product-like substance in venous blood, it is advisable not to use animal fibrins.

On avait execute 160 mesurages des 40 serums des donneurs du sang (20 hommes, 20 femmes). La moitie des mesurages etait faits a l'aide de plasma oxalique, l'autre moitie le servit du substrat constituant plasma sec dilue (7.5 : 200.0). Les resultats des premiers mesurages etaient superieurs aux valeurs des resultats obtenus dans l'autre groupe des recherches. La difference etait causee par une plus forte concentration de la thrombine dans le melange d'incubation et d'inactivation teste contre le plasma sec dilue. Les recherches accessoires ont demontre que les memes concentrations de la thrombine coagulent plus vite le plasma oxalique, que plasma sec dilue, et que pour obtenir la meme valeur du temps de coagulation avec les deux substrats il faut appliquer plus de thrombine pour coaguler plasma sec dilue en reaction controle visant la preparation de la solution-mere et de la solution-modele de la thrombine. On avait constate aussi des differences essentielles en inactivation entre les hommes et les femmes. Chez les hommes les donnees d'inactivation sont superisures que chez les femmes. Ces differences etaient moins accentuees aux premieres, qu'aux les suivantes minutes d'incubation. Ainsi on doit comparer les resultats des examens toujours avec la moyenne du meme sexe, que la personne examinee, et non avec la moyenne des deux sexes.

The human tumor H. Ep. #3 maintained in rats could be transferred for 1-8 generations in treated guinea pigs. H. Ep. #3 grew in the subcutaneous and intramuscular sites in each host at the same time. The treatment with the combination of X-ray 250 r. and 80 mg/kg of cortisone turned out to be the optimal conditioning studied. The number of tumor takes averaged 95.7-100 per cent in the subcutaneous site in guinea pigs treated with optimal conditioning, but in the intramuscular site, the number of tumor takes was 65.2-93.8 per cent. Host mortality varied from 4.2-37.5 per cent in the hosts treated with optimal conditioning. The subcutaneous tumor weights in hosts treated with optimal conditioning averaged 3.3 gm, and their intramuscular tumor weights averaged 5.6-6.2 gm. Tumor weights in hosts treated with only cortisone averaged 1-2 gm in both subcutaneous and intramuscular sites. Histological findings. for the original tumors were found to be the same as that for the successful transplanted tumors in the guinea pigs. The malignancy of the tumor was evaluated by the criteria of anaplasia, invasion, rapidity of growth, and ease of maintenance of transplants. There was no metastasis found in any organs.

Through the use of an automatic photo tube dew-point hygrometer, the author succeeded in measuring dew point of gas flows continuously in anesthetic circuits. Simultaneous thermometries were done on the nasal or oral mucosa, on the respiratory gas flows in the anesthetic mask or the endotracheal tube, and on the gas in the inhaling conduit. Experiments were performed on ten adults patients undergoing various types of surgery under general inhalation anesthesia. Anesthetic technics were varied intentionally during the measurements. Thus, both absolute and relative humidities of exhaled and inhaled gases, and respiratory water and heat losses were calculated under various anesthetic conditions, and physiological and clinical considerations were discussed. The conclusions obtained from this research are as follows: (1) When a non-rebreathing system is applied, moisture content of exhaled gas is minimal, and respiratory losses of both water and heat are maximum. With a semi-closed circle method, according to decreasing fresh gas flows, the humidity of the inspiratory and expiratory gases becomes higher, and both heat and water losses through respiration are lessened. When a closed circle method, with carbon dioxide absorption, is employed, temperature and humidity of gas in the inhaling conduit are highest, and the expired gas offers the maximum temperature and moisture contenL Both water and heat losses from anesthesia become minimal when administered in a closed system. (2) While the water and heat that a patient loses through respiration increase with increasing breathing capacity, they are still small parts of the total water and heat losses of the patient. Water and heat losses via anesthesia systems are not so predominant in maintaining water balance and heat regulation of patients during anesthesia and surgery.

With the purpose to see if GABOB is in any way concerned with the mechanism of the epileptic attack observations were carried on the oxygen consumption of the brain homogenates of rabbits, normal and CLA, and of human, epileptic and non-epileptic. The experiment proved that the oxygen consumption is increased in the epileptic brain and in the brain of CLA rabbit. It was raised by adding ATP-Na salt or DPN, but GABOB itself showed only a slight effect. The results suggested that the oxygen consumption of brain is not so closely correlated with GABOB, but there is a possibility that the decrease in GABOB contents in epileptic brain by the accelerated decomposition with its elevated oxygen consumption may be correlated to the epileptic attack, though the final conclusion requires further observations.

Auf Grund von unserem bisherigen Untersuchungen konnen wir sagen, daB die Gewurze in villa und in vitro am meisten eine Gerinnungsfordemde Wirkung haben.

The biological specificity of GABOB on the blood pressure, respiration and body temperature was observed in dogs. The results show that GABOB has the similar action as GABA on the lowering of blood pressure as shown by subcutaneous, intravenous or intrathecal injection, but loses its action on the respiration. The specificity of GABOB action on the blood pressure is seen in the initiation of the effect at which the transient rise in pressure can be seen, the like of which can never be seen in the case of GABA injection. The lowering mechanism of GABOB on blood pressure should be the central one as the intrathecal injection is most effective comparing with those of intravenous and subcutaneous injection.

Die Ribonukleinase allein ubt keinen charakteristischen oder wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Thrombininaktivation in Inkubationsmischung (0.4 ml Serums, 0.1 ml der Ribonukleinaselasung von den Konzentration 0. 025 mg/ml, 0.1 ml des destillierten Wassers und 0.4 ml der Thrombinlosung) aus. Heparin aber vergrossert die Thrombinaktivation in der ahnlichen Inkubationsmischung (0.4 ml von Serum, 0.1 ml Heparinlosung in der konzentration ungefahr 0.005 mg/ml, 0.1 ml des destillierten Wassers und 0.4 ml der Thrombinlosung. Wenn in der letzten Inkubationsmischung statt das dsatillierten Wasser die selbe Menge) 0.1 mg der (Ribonukleinaselasung) 0.025 mg/ml (gegeben wird, kann man feststellen, dass die Ribonukleinase die spezifische, Antithrombin-und Anti-koagulationswirkung des Heparins ausdriicklich vermindert. Die Thrombininaktivation wurde in Gegenwart des Bodens-des 7.5/200.0 wasserigen Trockenplasmalosung, untersucht. Man veretzte 0.1 ml des Bodens mit 0.1 ml der Inkubationsmischung. Die Thrombinlosung hatte bestimmte Aktivitat) 0.1 ml davon brachte in 10 Sek. 0.1 ml des Bodens in Gerinnung) Insgesamt wurden 34 dar Thrombinaktivatiosuntersuchungen gemacht, davon 7 Kontrollen, 7-mit Ribonukleinase, 10-mit Heparin und 10-mit Ribonukleinase+Heparin. Die Resultate (Tab. II, Abb. 1) zeugen, dass die Ribonukleinase in vitro die spezifische Antithrombin (II)-Wirkung des Heparins hemmt. Wahrscheinlich modifiziert sie auch weitere biologische Eigenschaften des Heparins. Die Resultate eigener Untersuchungen und die LiteraturangaPen liber den Heparineinfluss auf die Nukleinasen sprechen flir eine gegenseitige, charakteristische Reaktionen zwischen Nukleinasen und Heparin. Diese Interaktionen beider Gewebe- und Blutsubstanzen kann eine grosse Bedeutung fiulr vie1e Lebensvorgange haben.

Die Verfasser untersuchten die Gerinnugszeit in der Reaktion: 0.4 ml des Zitratplasmas, 0.2 ml des Magen- oder Duodenalsalsaftesfiltrates und 0.4 ml 0,025 M CaCl2-Losung. Als Kontrolle diente ahnliche Reaktion, in welcher man anstatt 0,2 ml des Saftes die selbe Menge der phY,siologischen Kochsalziosung verwendete. Es wurde insgesamt 134 Fraktionen von den 30 Magensonden (Tab 1. und 3) untersucht und kein Einfluss der Fraktionenreihenfolge und anderer Faktoren, sondern solcher der Fraktionenreaktion, festestelIt. Die alkalische Fraktionen verkiizen (in 35/46 Bestimmungen), die azide verlangern (in 59/88 Uutersuchungen) die Rekalcifikationszeit. Die schwach alkalische oder sehr schwach (0∼20°) und schwach (20∼40°) azide Fraktionen verkiirzen oder leicht verlangern die Rekalcifikationszeit des Zitratplasmas. Desto hoher die Aciditat desto grosser die Gerinnungszeitverlangerung. Zwischen den Magensonden konnte man einige Type laut ihrem Einflusse auf die Gerinnung unterscheiden. In allen 20 Bestimmungen der Duodenalsaft verkiirzte deutlich die Rekalcifikationszeit (Tab. 2). Die Resultate von den Uutersuchungen erlauben die Behauptung dass der Duodenalsaft und der alkaliche Magensaft eine beschleunigende Wirkung aufdie Gerinnung des im Bereiche bes Magens oder Duodenums ausgossenem Blutes haben und dass der azide Magensaft eine hemmende Wirkung auf die Blutgerinnung ausiibt. Diese hemmende Wirkung ist desto mehr ausgepragt, desto hoher die Aziditat des Magenseftes. Die Resulate von Bestimmungen konnen auch manche therapie-trotzende und rezidivierende gefahrliche Mageblutungen in ihrer Atiopathogenese erkaren. Diese Resultate fiihren zur Behauptung, class alle Methoden, welche zur Erniedrigung cler Saftessekretion und -Aziditat beitragen, auch eine giinstige RolIe bei ber Prophylaxie und Therapie der drohenclen oder bereits vorkommenden durch Ulkuskrankheit und andere Erkrankungen verursachten Magen-und Darmblutungen spielen konnen.

For the purpose to reveal the metabolic pathway of GABOB the analyses were performed with the GABOB containing fluid perfused through the liver and the brain of rabbits, and the following results were obtained. Qualitative observations by paperchromatography on the fluid containing GABOB after perfusing the organs proved the presence of some amino acids. These were identified as glycine, glutamic acid and glutamine. The observation on the GABOBcontaining fluid perfused the organs showed a decrease in GABOB and an increase in these amino acids. Quantitative observation proved a considerable increase in glycive and a moderate increase in glutamic acid and glutamine with a marked decrease in the amount of GABOB injected. From these results it is believed that GABOB is decomposed into glycine and acetic acid probably passing the stage of γ-aminoacetoacetic acid in one way and into glutamic acid by the transamination of GABOB with α-ketoglutaric acid in the other.

A number of derivatives and related compounds of lumisantonin were submitted to evaluatien for the action of histamine-release inhibition and antiinflammatory effect, as they structurally resemble guaiazulene in which these actions had been proved. Nineteen compounds of these suppressed 50 per cent or more of the increase in urinary excretion of histamine due to ovomucoid injection. Five of them markedly inhibited all the edemas in the rat hind paws induced by local inoculation of dextran, hyaluronidase, histamine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine. Among these compounds, #32(methyl pyrophotosantoninate) showed a superior effect of inhibition than guaiazulene on all of these edemas, although the effects of two drugs were comparable in the case of oral administration. The members showing the edema inhibition likewise evidently protected passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs by the intraperitoneal administration; the effect of #32 was more marked than guaiazulene. This effect could be observed when applied to the skin with an ointment containing the compouhd in a concentration of more than 0.03 per cent 24 hours before. In vitro histamine releases from the minced lung tissue of sensitized guinea pig elicited by antigen and sinomenine were both inhibited by these compounds. These findings indicate that the main sites of the histamine-release inhibition and of the anti-inflammatory effect of these compounds are in the local tissue. Compound #32 failed to show any analgesic effect in mice, but possessed a considerable antipyretic action in rats. Some of the compounds in the tests depressed guinea-pig ileal strip while guaiazulene increased peristalsis, but any of these actions was not recognized with #32 even in a high concentration. Most of the members effective in inhibiting edemas as well as histamine release proved to be less toxic than guaiazulene. #32 was well tolerated in the doses of 6g/kg orally and of 4g/kg intraperitoneally by mice. The growth curves for three weeks of rats practically did not deviate from that of the controls by daily administration of 1g/kg of #32 by stomach tube and there were no gross and microscopical abnormalities in the main organs and blood.