Copper(II) compounds {CuCA(phz)(H2O)2}n (H2CA = chloranilic acid, phz = phenazine) having a layer structure of -CuCA(H2O)2- polymer chains and phenazine was studied by 35Cl nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR). The single NQR line observed at 35.635 MHz at 261.5 K increased to 35.918 MHz at 4.2 K. The degree of reduction of electric field gradient due to lattice vibrations was similar to that of chloranilic acid crystal. Temperature dependence of spin-lattice relaxation time, T1, of the 35Cl NQR signal below 20 K, between 20 and 210 K, and above 210 K, was explained by 1) a decrease of effective electron-spin density caused by antiferromagnetic interaction, 2) a magnetic interaction between Cl nuclear-spin and electron-spins on paramagnetic Cu(II) ions, and 3) an increasing contribution from reorientation of ligand molecules, respectively. The electron spin-exchange parameter |J| between the neighboring Cu(II) electrons was estimated to be 0.33 cm−1 from the T1 value of the range 20−210 K. Comparing this value with that of J = −1.84 cm−1 estimated from the magnetic susceptibility, it is suggested that the magnetic dipolar 2 coupling with the electron spins on Cu(II) ions must be the principal mechanism for the 35Cl NQR spin-lattice relaxation of {CuCA(phz)(H2O)2}n but a delocalization of electron spin over the chloranilate ligand have to be taken into account.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GotohKazuma en-aut-sei=Gotoh en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeraoTakeshi en-aut-sei=Terao en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsajiTetsuo en-aut-sei=Asaji en-aut-mei=Tetsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Nihon University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Nihon University en-keyword=crystalline coordination polymer kn-keyword=crystalline coordination polymer en-keyword=paramagnetic kn-keyword=paramagnetic en-keyword=nuclear resonance kn-keyword=nuclear resonance en-keyword=spin-lattice relaxation kn-keyword=spin-lattice relaxation en-keyword=spin exchange kn-keyword=spin exchange END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=124 cd-vols= no-issue=13 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20060407 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Close-packed structures and phase diagram of soft spheres in cylindrical pores en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is shown for a model system consisting of spherical particles confined in cylindrical pores that the first ten close-packed phases are in one-to-one correspondence with the first ten ways of folding a triangular lattice, each being characterized by a roll-up vector like the single-walled carbon nanotube. Phase diagrams in pressure-diameter and temperature-diameter planes are obtained by inherent-structure calculation and molecular dynamics simulation. The phase boundaries dividing two adjacent phases are infinitely sharp in the low-temperature limit but are blurred as temperature is increased. Existence of such phase boundaries explains rich, diameter-sensitive phase behavior unique for cylindrically confined systems. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHideki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES kn-keyword=WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES en-keyword=NANOCAPILLARITY kn-keyword=NANOCAPILLARITY en-keyword=MICROTUBULES kn-keyword=MICROTUBULES en-keyword=CAPILLARITY kn-keyword=CAPILLARITY en-keyword=CRYSTALS kn-keyword=CRYSTALS END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=329-333 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=713 end-page=714 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20035 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=X-ray study of modulated structures of beta-CuxV2O5 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=High resolution X-ray study reveals the wave vector change in the modulated structure of the quasi-one dimensional compound beta'-Cu vanadium bronze. Structural modulation of the reduced wave vector q0 = (0, 0.305, 0) emerges below 220 K in beta'-Cu0.29V2O5 . For beta'-Cu0.39V2O5, not the single q modulation but two kinds of modulations were observed. A three-fold superlattice structure with q1 = (0, 0.333, 0) appears below 210 K. An incommensurate modulated structure with q2 = (0, 0.26 ? 0.29, 0) coexists below 175 K, whose satellite intensity and b* component Qb have temperature and passing-time dependencies between 140 K and 175 K. The competition between q1 and q2 modulations was also observed. It seems that the q2 is deeply related to the physical property change between 140 K and 180 K confirmed by the decrease in the magnetic susceptibility and the increase in the resistivity.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NagaoNobuaki en-aut-sei=Nagao en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NogamiYoshio en-aut-sei=Nogami en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaKokichi en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Kokichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaYutaka en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=University of Tokyo affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=University of Tokyo en-keyword=x-ray kn-keyword=x-ray en-keyword=modulated structures kn-keyword=modulated structures en-keyword=low dimensional conductor kn-keyword=low dimensional conductor en-keyword=vanadium bronze kn-keyword=vanadium bronze en-keyword=b-cuxv2o5 kn-keyword=b-cuxv2o5 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=121 cd-vols= no-issue=15 article-no= start-page=7304 end-page=7312 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041015 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hydrophobic effect in the pressure-temperature plane en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The free energy of the hydrophobic hydration and the strength of the solvent-mediated attraction between hydrophobic solute molecules are calculated in the pressure-temperature plane. This is done in the framework of an exactly soluble model that is an extension of the lattice model proposed by Kolomeisky and Widom [A. B. Kolomeisky and B. Widom, Faraday Discuss. 112, 81 (1999)]. The model takes into account both the mechanism of the hydrophobic effect dominant at low temperatures and the opposite mechanism of solvation appearing at high temperatures and has the pressure as a second thermodynamic variable. With this model, two boundaries are identified in the pressure-temperature plane: the first one within which the solubility, or the Ostwald absorption coefficient, decreases with increasing temperature at fixed pressure and the second one within which the strength of solvent-mediated attraction increases with increasing temperature. The two are nearly linear and parallel to each other, and the second boundary lies in the low-temperature and low-pressure side of the first boundary. It is found that a single, near-linear relation between the hydration free energy and the strength of the hydrophobic attraction holds over the entire area within the second boundary in the pressure-temperature plane. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=FREE-ENERGY kn-keyword=FREE-ENERGY en-keyword=AQUEOUS ARGON kn-keyword=AQUEOUS ARGON en-keyword=DEPENDENCE kn-keyword=DEPENDENCE en-keyword=WATER kn-keyword=WATER en-keyword=HYDRATION kn-keyword=HYDRATION en-keyword=ENTROPY kn-keyword=ENTROPY en-keyword=MODEL kn-keyword=MODEL en-keyword=DENATURATION kn-keyword=DENATURATION en-keyword=SIMULATIONS kn-keyword=SIMULATIONS en-keyword=ATTRACTION kn-keyword=ATTRACTION END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=96 cd-vols= no-issue=14 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20064 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Tomonaga-luttinger liquid in a quasi-one-dimensional s=1 antiferromagnet observed by specific heat measurements en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Specific-heat experiments on single crystals of the S=1 quasi-one-dimensional bond-alternating antiferromagnet Ni(C9H24N4)(NO2)ClO4 (NTENP) have been performed in magnetic fields applied both parallel and perpendicular to the spin chains. We have found for the parallel field configuration that the magnetic specific heat (C-mag) is proportional to temperature (T) above a critical field H-c, at which the energy gap vanishes, in a temperature region above that of the long-range ordered state. The ratio C-mag/T increases as the magnetic field approaches H-c from above. The data are in good quantitative agreement with the prediction of the c=1 conformal field theory in conjunction with the velocity of the excitations calculated by a numerical diagonalization, providing conclusive evidence for a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HagiwaraM en-aut-sei=Hagiwara en-aut-mei=M kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiiH en-aut-sei=Tsujii en-aut-mei=H kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=RotunduC R en-aut-sei=Rotundu en-aut-mei=C R kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndrakaB en-aut-sei=Andraka en-aut-mei=B kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakanoY en-aut-sei=Takano en-aut-mei=Y kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TateiwaN en-aut-sei=Tateiwa en-aut-mei=N kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiT C en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=T C kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiT en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=T kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaS en-aut-sei=Suga en-aut-mei=S kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Osaka University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=University of Florida affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=University of Florida affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=University of Florida affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Japan Atomic Energy Agency affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Osaka University affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Osaka University en-keyword=magnetic-field kn-keyword=magnetic-field en-keyword=alternating chain kn-keyword=alternating chain en-keyword=heisenberg chain kn-keyword=heisenberg chain en-keyword=phasetransition kn-keyword=phasetransition en-keyword=cu-2 (c5h12n2)(2)cl-4 kn-keyword=cu-2 (c5h12n2)(2)cl-4 en-keyword=ladders kn-keyword=ladders en-keyword=condensation kn-keyword=condensation en-keyword=charge kn-keyword=charge en-keyword=f5pnn kn-keyword=f5pnn END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=343 end-page=353 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1970 dt-pub=197006 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Forecasting median and mode dates of prevalence of Japanese encephalitis patients by electronic computer (epidemiological studies on Japanese encephalitis, 31) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For the purpose of forecasting the prevalence ofJapanese encephalitis in Japan, we tried to find out the correlation of factors between median and mode dates of epidemic time curve of prevalence on one hand, and average atmospheric temperatures of prefectures in June and July (T6,7 in short) (X¹), the time when HI reaction of swine became positive to the degree of 50 per cent (D. pos. swine in short) (X²), the latitude (x³) and longitude (x4) in respective prefectures (in 1965 and 1967). On the other we also estimated the median and mode dates of this epidemic curve of the prevalence in 1968 and 1969, from the regression equation of one variable and multiple regression equation from the above factors using an electronic computer. The usefulness of adding factors concerned with mosquitoes to the above four factors is proven by the accuracy of estimation. And the following results were obtained. 1) Phenomenally speaking, the prevalence of Japanese encephalitis follows the principle of "advancing of prevalence towards the north and east" and essentially speaking, it depends upon high atmospheric temperature and the outbreak of many hazardous mosquitoes by the high atmospheric temperature. 2) To estimate median date (y) and mode rate (z) of the epidemic time curve of the prevalence, we can use the next equations; The regression equations to estimate y and z from T 6,7(X) are as follows. y = - 3. 75X¹ + 144.47 σ = 12.4.·. [1] z = - 3. 80X¹ + 157 .26 σ = 14.9.. · [1]' The regression equation from D. pos. swine (X²) are as follows. y = 0. 68X² + 31. 82 σ = 9.2· .. [2] z=0. 76X² +40. 71 σ= 12.0 .. · [2]' The multiple regression equation from T6 ,7 and D. pos. swme are as follows. y = -1. 07X¹ +0 .62x² +59. 37 σ= 9.7 ... [3] z= -0. 79x¹ +0. 71x² +61.02 σ= 12.0· .. [3]' The multiple regression equations from T 6•7, D. pos. swine, latitude and longitude are as follows Y= -1.01x¹ +0.58x² -0.26x³+0 .37x4 + 18.50 σ= 9.8･･･ [4] z = -0. 32x¹ +0. 52x² +2 .05x³ +0 .54x4 -87. 81 σ= 11.8 [4]' 3) We Obtained the estimated value of median date in 17 prefectures in Kyushu, Chugoku, Shikoku, Kinki and Kanto provinces in 1968 and in 13 prefectures in 1969 from [l] or [2] or [3] or [4] equation. Nine prefectures out of 17 by [l], 12 prefectures by [2], 13 by [3J and [4] in 1968. [4] could be estimated with about 10 days error or less. And in 1969, 9 out of 13 by [3] and 7 out of 13 by [4] could be accurately esti· mated. The estimation by the multiple regression equation using many factors is most useful for the calculation. 4) The time when the number of patients increases at maximum can be pointed out by the lower limit of prediction region obtained from data in each prefecture. And the lower limit was the estimated median value minus about 20 days by [1] and about 16 days by [2] or [3] or [4] under the next condition; α = 0. 1, N= 75. 5) The mode dates in 17 prefectures out of 19 were estimated by [1]', [2]', [3]' and [4]'. 12 prefectures out of 17 by [1]', 7 by [2]', 10 by [3]' and 13 by [4]' could be estimated with about 12 days error or less in 1968 and 9 out of 13 was correctly estimated by [3]' and [4]' in 1969. The estimation by the regression line of one factor was s~mewhat different from each other, but when multiple regression line of four factors was used the estimation became more correct. Judging from these results, it is adequate to use the multiple regression equation of [4] and [4]' when we want to forecast the median date or mode date ofJapanese encephalitis time cure. 6) In the case of adding two factors concerned with mosquitoes to T6,7 (X¹), D. pos. swine (x²), latitude (x³), longitude (x4), multiple regression equations become as follows. y= -1.46x¹+0.14X²+0.068x5+89.03 σ= 6.9.. ·[5] z= -3. 29x¹+0 .13x²-0. 010x5+ 143.63 σ= 18.6··· [5]' y=-4.20x¹+0.35x²+0.29x6 + 53.70 σ= 4.2 .. ·[6] z=-2.56x¹-0.0lx²-0.02x6 +128.96 σ=11.4 [6]' y= 4.76x¹+0.41x²+0.13x5+0.22x6-72.78 σ= 4.5 [7] z = - 2. l0x¹ + 0. 05x²+ 0. 11 x5 - 0. 08x6+ 113.4 σ= 10. 7.. · [7]' where x5 is the time when the number of mosquitoes (C. T. collected by light trap reached the maximum and X6 is the time when hazardous mosq uitoes were dected. In the case of median date, 5 prefectures out of 6 prefectures by [5], 2 out of 6 by [6] and 2 out of 5 by [7], and in the case of mode date, 5 out of 6 by [5]', 4 out of 5 by [6]' and 4 out of 5 by [7]' could be accurately estimated in 1969.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OgataMasana en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Masana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=81 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=199204 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Rapid fixation of whole organ specimens and attendant problems. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Gross specimens are valuable sources in morphology education. In this study, we investigated how the fixation of gross specimens may be accelerated. For this purpose, whole organ specimens from freshly killed rabbits: extremities, kidney, heart, liver, stomach and uterus were fixed in a mercaptoethanol-formaldehyde mixture for 3-3.5h under the following conditions: 1, at room temperature; 2, at gradually increasing temperatures up to 45 degrees C; and 3, at a gradually increasing vacuum ranging from 20 kPa to 40 kPa. The results were compared with those of formaldehyde-fixed controls, and the mercaptoethanol-formaldehyde mixture was found to be useful in shortening the fixation time and providing good fixation. Both heat and vacuum enhanced these phenomena.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Durgun-YucelBehice en-aut-sei=Durgun-Yucel en-aut-mei=Behice kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=DereFahri en-aut-sei=Dere en-aut-mei=Fahri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YucelAhmet H en-aut-sei=Yucel en-aut-mei=Ahmet H kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguzOzkan en-aut-sei=Oguz en-aut-mei=Ozkan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Cukurova University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Cukurova University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Cukurova University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Cukurova University en-keyword=rapid fixation kn-keyword=rapid fixation en-keyword=mercaptoethanol-formaldehyde mixture kn-keyword=mercaptoethanol-formaldehyde mixture en-keyword=aldehyde kn-keyword=aldehyde en-keyword=whole organ speciments kn-keyword=whole organ speciments END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=417 end-page=426 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=199212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Report of a study using phantom materials, and clinical experience with simultaneous radio-hyperthermotherapy. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Simultaneous radiohyperthermotherapy (SRH) is a combined hyperthermia-radiation therapy in which irradiation is given during heating. Mutual interference between the high energy radiotherapy system (Toshiba LMR-15A) and the 13.56 MHz capacitive heating system (Omron HEH-500C) was tested with phantom materials prior to a clinical trial with SRH. The energy and flatness of irradiation were not affected by the heating system within the range of clinical use. The high energy radiotherapy system did not affect the increase or distribution of temperature during simultaneous treatment. The results of this phantom study indicated that these apparatuses would not produce clinically significant mutual interference during SRH. A clinical trial was performed on a 57-year-old woman with postoperative recurrence of rectal cancer. This is the first reported clinical case treated with true SRH in which external irradiation was administered during mid capacitive heating. Twelve SRH treatments were performed on the recurrent lesion at a frequency of twice a week for six weeks using the apparatuses described above. There was a significant reduction in pain after treatment. The tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level decreased after treatment. On CT images taken after treatment, the tumor site became a low density area which indicated necrosis. There were no side effects. These results suggest that further clinical study of SRH should be performed to clarify its advantages.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InamuraKeiji en-aut-sei=Inamura en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaharaSeiji en-aut-sei=Tahara en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MimuraSeiichi en-aut-sei=Mimura en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikamiYasutaka en-aut-sei=Mikami en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiShoji en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiYoshio en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=hyperthermia kn-keyword=hyperthermia en-keyword=capacitive heating kn-keyword=capacitive heating en-keyword=radiotherapy kn-keyword=radiotherapy en-keyword=phantom study kn-keyword=phantom study en-keyword=simultaneous radio-hyperthermotherapy kn-keyword=simultaneous radio-hyperthermotherapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=230 end-page=264 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=193906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Contribution to the Study of Veratrine Contraction, with Special Reference to the Action of Quinine. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this investigation, the veratrine contraction was studied with special reference to the action of quinine, and from the results obtained, the following summary and conclusion are made1. Various forms of veratrine contraction were found to be different representations of twitch and veratrine components, corresponding to the concentration of the drug, duration of the action of the drug (time factor), intensity and frequency of stimulations and individual sensitivity of muscles. 2. Veratrine-like contractions were evoked by glycerine and formaldehyde. 3. Veratrine contraction was obviated by lowering the temperature and facilitated by raising it. An intimate relations between the effective minimal dosis of veratrine and temperature were noted. 4. Veratrine contraction was depressed or abolished by calcium or potassium chlorides. Relations between threshold concentration of veratrine and calcium or potassium chlorides were determined. 5. Acidity inhibited the occurrence of veratrine contraction, alkalinity facilitated it. 6. Height of contraction of veratrinised muscle was higher than normal muscle, in twitch as welt as in tetanus. Refractory period of veratrine muscle was greatly prolonged and found in the descending phase of veratrine contraction. 7. Quinine obviated veratrine contraction. Veratrine-quinine equilibrium ratio was determined. 8. Atropine inhibited the action of veratrine on muscle. 9. Ergotoxine retarded or depressed the occurrence of veratrine contraction, when applied previously, while if applied afterwards, it exaggerated at first, then alleviated gradually veratrine contraction. 10. Acetylcholine had no effect on veratrine contraction. Eserine, like atropine, inhibited veratrine contraction. 11. Adrenaline caused complete dissociation of twitch and veratrine components. 12. Monoiodoacetic acid had no effect on the occurrence of veratrine contraction. 13. Veratrine had no effect on isolated frog's heart. 14. Veratrine caused increased tonicity and irregular tonic contraction on non-striated muscles (dorsal muscle of leech, intestine and uterus of guinea-pig).
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyakeYosio en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Yosio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=55 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=229 end-page=235 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cold activation of serum complement in patients with chronic hepatitis C: study on activating pathway and involvement of IgG. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It has been documented that the serum complement activities measured by hemolytic assay (CH50) are decreased after storage of sera at a low temperature in some patients with chronic hepatitis C. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon has not been identified yet. Here, we tried to elucidate factors involved in the cold activation of complement (CAC). To clarify what pathway is activated in CAC, we measured complement cleavage products after cold storage of sera. C4d increased significantly after 12 h-storage at cold temperatures in 5 CAC (+) sera compared with 5 CAC (-) (P < 0.01) and 3 control sera (P < 0.05), while Bb did not increase in any of the groups. In order to determine whether IgG or IgG complex is necessary for CAC, 8 CAC (+) sera were incubated with Protein G Sepharose gel beads, and all of them retained hemolytic activities to some extent after cold storage. Column chromatography through Superose 6HR of CAC-positive serum identified the fractions containing molecules that induced CAC in normal serum, which were depleted by treatment with protein G Sepharose. In conclusion, CAC in hepatitis C seems to occur via a classical or lectin pathway, and the IgG complex produced in hepatitis C virus infection may be an important factor in inducing CAC, a common extrahepatic manifestation of hepatitis C.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshiiYasushi en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimomuraHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Shimomura en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoMamoru en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Mamoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeMasanobu en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Masanobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaFusao en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Fusao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeJiro en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Jiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiokaShin-ichi en-aut-sei=Fujioka en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwasakiYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiHideyuki en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsujiTakao en-aut-sei=Tsuji en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=hepatitis C virus kn-keyword=hepatitis C virus en-keyword=chronic hepatitis kn-keyword=chronic hepatitis en-keyword=complement activation kn-keyword=complement activation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=63 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=273 end-page=280 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200910 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Brewer's Yeast-Induced Pyrexia on Aminophylline-Elicited Convulsions in Mice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Theophylline-associated convulsions have been observed most frequently in children with fever, but the mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the basic mechanism of aminophylline [theophylline-2-ethylenediamine]-induced convulsions and the effects of Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. Diazepam (5-10mg/kg, i.p.), a benzodiazepine receptor agonist, significantly prolonged the onset and significantly decreased the incidence of convulsions induced by aminophylline (350mg/kg, i.p.). However, the gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor agonist muscimol (1-4mg/kg, i.p.), the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen (2-4mg/kg, i.p.) and the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist dizocilpine (0.1-0.3mg/kg, i.p.) failed to protect against the convulsions. 20% Brewer's yeast (0.02ml/g, s.c.) increased body temperature by 1.03, and also significantly shortened the onset and significantly increased the incidence of convulsions induced by aminophylline. The anticonvulsant action of diazepam (2.5-10mg/kg, i.p.) on the convulsions induced by aminophylline was reduced by Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia. The proconvulsant actions of the GABAA receptor antagonists picrotoxin (3-4mg/kg, i.p.) and pentylenetetrazol (40-60mg/kg, i.p.) were enhanced by Brewer's yeast. These results suggest that the anticonvulsant action of diazepam against aminophylline is reduced by Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia, and that GABAA receptors are involved in the aggravation of the convulsions by Brewer's yeast in mice.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OchiRika en-aut-sei=Ochi en-aut-mei=Rika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuemaruKatsuya en-aut-sei=Suemaru en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiHiromu en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Hiromu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiHiroaki en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences en-keyword=theophylline kn-keyword=theophylline en-keyword=seizures kn-keyword=seizures en-keyword=pyrexia kn-keyword=pyrexia en-keyword=Brewer's yeast kn-keyword=Brewer's yeast en-keyword=GABAA receptor kn-keyword=GABAA receptor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=169 end-page=174 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=199306 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hyperthermotherapy added to the multidisciplinary therapy for penile cancer. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We performed a long-term follow-up of 4 patients with penile cancer who underwent hyperthermotherapy from August 1985 until August 1992. Hyperthermia was applied using a frequency of 350 MHz with a waveguide applicator twice a week for 60 min each for an average of 9.5 times (varying from 6 to 13 times). The total heating time that the temperature of urethra could be kept above 42 degrees C, was 166 min on the average (ranging from 0 to 463 min). Two patients classified as stage I according to the Jackson classification and 1 patient classified as stage IV underwent combined radiotherapy and received an average radiation dose of 53 Gy (range, 40-70 Gy). Among these patients 2 underwent combined chemotherapy with bleomycin or peplomycin. Malignant cells disappeared posttherapeutically and in August 1992, after an average of 5 years and 9 months (varying from 4 years 6 months to 6 years 10 months), the patients were free of recurrences. The one patient on stage IV had extensive invasion of the abdominal wall, but still recovered completely. One patient on stage III underwent combined chemotherapy and hyperthermotherapy, but heating had obviously been insufficient. There was a residue of malignant cells after the treatment and we performed a penectomy. Regarding functional preservation of the penis a multidisciplinary therapy incorporating hyperthermotherapy can be expected to increase the curativity. This indicates that it could induce in an advanced case, where an operation would be difficult, complete remission.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsushimaTomoyasu en-aut-sei=Tsushima en-aut-mei=Tomoyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaumiJunichi en-aut-sei=Asaumi en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishikawaKoji en-aut-sei=Nishikawa en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=GaoXian Shu en-aut-sei=Gao en-aut-mei=Xian Shu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=JojaIkuo en-aut-sei=Joja en-aut-mei=Ikuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TogamiIzumi en-aut-sei=Togami en-aut-mei=Izumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakihataEiichi en-aut-sei=Makihata en-aut-mei=Eiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiShoji en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmoriHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Ohmori en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiYoshio en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univresity affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=13 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=penile cancer kn-keyword=penile cancer en-keyword=hyperthermia kn-keyword=hyperthermia en-keyword=radiotherapy kn-keyword=radiotherapy en-keyword=chemotherapy kn-keyword=chemotherapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=335 end-page=344 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1961 dt-pub=196110 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on respiratory humidity. II. Humidity in anesthetic circuits and water loss via anesthesia systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Through the use of an automatic photo tube dew-point hygrometer, the author succeeded in measuring dew point of gas flows continuously in anesthetic circuits. Simultaneous thermometries were done on the nasal or oral mucosa, on the respiratory gas flows in the anesthetic mask or the endotracheal tube, and on the gas in the inhaling conduit. Experiments were performed on ten adults patients undergoing various types of surgery under general inhalation anesthesia. Anesthetic technics were varied intentionally during the measurements. Thus, both absolute and relative humidities of exhaled and inhaled gases, and respiratory water and heat losses were calculated under various anesthetic conditions, and physiological and clinical considerations were discussed. The conclusions obtained from this research are as follows: (1) When a non-rebreathing system is applied, moisture content of exhaled gas is minimal, and respiratory losses of both water and heat are maximum. With a semi-closed circle method, according to decreasing fresh gas flows, the humidity of the inspiratory and expiratory gases becomes higher, and both heat and water losses through respiration are lessened. When a closed circle method, with carbon dioxide absorption, is employed, temperature and humidity of gas in the inhaling conduit are highest, and the expired gas offers the maximum temperature and moisture contenL Both water and heat losses from anesthesia become minimal when administered in a closed system. (2) While the water and heat that a patient loses through respiration increase with increasing breathing capacity, they are still small parts of the total water and heat losses of the patient. Water and heat losses via anesthesia systems are not so predominant in maintaining water balance and heat regulation of patients during anesthesia and surgery.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoToru en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=155 end-page=160 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=199806 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of the thigh muscles after knee exercise on a Cybex II. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigated the degree of local heat and swelling of the thigh muscles produced by exercise. Eleven university athletes aged from 19 to 23 years old performed isokinetic exercise of the right knee on a Cybex II. Then serial determination of thigh circumference and thigh temperature (up to 120 min after exercise) as well as serial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (up to 60 min after exercise) was performed on both thighs. The circumference of the right thigh peaked at 5.6 +/- 2.1 min after exercise and returned to normal at 38.6 +/- 9.2 min. The temperature of the right thigh peaked at 14.2 +/- 5.7 min after exercise and was not normalized after 120 min except in two subjects. T2-weighted MR images showed a marked increase in the signal intensity of the right knee flexor and extensor muscles. The signal intensity peaked immediately after exercise and subsequently decreased gradually but did not return to normal after 60 min in some muscles. Changes in the thigh circumference were closely correlated with changes in the MR findings. The changes in the thigh muscles after knee exercise could be demonstrated using MR imaging, thigh circumference, and thigh temperature data. These parameters may provide indicators for managing muscle fatigue and recovery.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayashiMasamichi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Masamichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HanakawaShiro en-aut-sei=Hanakawa en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SendaMasuo en-aut-sei=Senda en-aut-mei=Masuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakaharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Takahara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univeristy affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=Cybex ? kn-keyword=Cybex ? en-keyword=magnetic resonance imaging kn-keyword=magnetic resonance imaging en-keyword=knee exercise kn-keyword=knee exercise en-keyword=thigh muscles kn-keyword=thigh muscles END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=125 end-page=135 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1981 dt-pub=198104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Characteristics of human erythrocyte insulin binding sites. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Insulin and human erythrocyte cell membrane interactions were studied with respect to binding and dissociation. The per cent of specific binding of 125I-labeled insulin to erythrocytes was directly proportional to the cell concentration. The optimum pH for binding was 8.1. The initial binding rate was directly proportional to, and the steady state insulin binding was reversely proportional to, the incubation temperature. The per cent of specific binding of 125I-labeled insulin was 12.10 +/- 1.13 per cent (mean +/- SD)/4 X 10(9) cells (n = 10) at 0.8 ng/ml insulin. Native insulin competed with 125I-labeled insulin for binding and showed almost complete inhibition at 10(4) ng/ml. The Scatchard plots were upward concave. Maximum binding capacity was 230 binding sites per cell. The average affinity constant decreased as the per cent of fractional occupancy increased. Affinity constants for the empty and filled sites were 1.49 and 0.16 X 10(8) M-1 respectively. Bound insulin was displaced by native insulin. The dissociation rate by "dilution + native insulin" was higher than that by "dilution only". The dissociation rate was accelerated even by the physiological concentration of insulin and maximum at 100 ng/ml. It is concluded that human erythrocytes have insulin binding sites which are indistinguishable from insulin receptors on the target tissues for insulin.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkadaYoshio en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=insulin binding kn-keyword=insulin binding en-keyword= human erythrocyte. kn-keyword= human erythrocyte. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=62 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=297 end-page=302 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimal Temperature of Graft Preservation after ex Vivo Gene Transfer in Lung Isografts en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this study was to determine the optimal temperature of graft preservation after ex vivo gene transfer to rat lung isografts. Left lungs were harvested and infused with cationic lipid/LacZ-DNA complex via the pulmonary artery, and the grafts were stored for 4h. The grafts (n＝7) were allocated into groups IﾝIV according to the storage temperature:4℃, 10℃, 16℃, and 23℃, respectively. Forty-eight h after orthotopic transplantation, the arterial blood gas was analyzed and the peak airway pressure (PAP) and the level of LacZ protein production in the grafts were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. After reperfusion, the grafts were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The grafts in groups III and IV showed more deterioration as evidenced by decreased arterial oxygen tension, increased PAP, and predominant infiltration of inflammatory cells compared with groups I and II. The level of LacZ production was significantly lower in group I than in groups IIﾝIV. The optimal temperature of lung graft preservation after ex vivo gene transfer was determined to be 10℃, balancing considerations of lung injury and efficiency of transgene expression.
en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsaragiTomohiko en-aut-sei=Osaragi en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagahiroItaru en-aut-sei=Nagahiro en-aut-mei=Itaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaguchiNaoyuki en-aut-sei=Miyaguchi en-aut-mei=Naoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriHideaki en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoYoshifumi en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Yoshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=DateHiroshi en-aut-sei=Date en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuNobuyoshi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Nobuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cancer and Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cancer and Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cancer and Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cancer and Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cancer and Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cancer and Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Cancer and Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences en-keyword=lung transplantation kn-keyword=lung transplantation en-keyword=gene transfection kn-keyword=gene transfection en-keyword=optimal temperature kn-keyword=optimal temperature en-keyword=organ preservation kn-keyword=organ preservation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=41 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1964 dt-pub=19641025 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Mineral Composition of Boring Core at Tottori Hot Spring kn-title=鳥取温泉におけるボーリング･コアの組成鉱物について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=The boring coreS of Tottori Hot Spring, Tottori city were investigated by means of X-ray powder method and differential thermal analysis. Near this district, the Quarternary sediments are perceived until at a depth of 54 meters, and they show some striking differences from the Tertiary sediments which lies under-neath the former. In the Quarternary sediments, small amounts of chlorite coexist with ilIte. Kaolinite is found only in the top soil, and montmorillonite is present just above the unconformity with the Tertiary sediments. The clays from the Tertiary sediments contain abundant amounts of chlorite that exibits regional propylitization. The amounts of the rock forming minerals, quartz and feldspars, in these sediments regularly decrease with increasing amounts of clay minerals. The pH of the thermal water at the pit bottom ranges from 7 to 8, and the maximum water temperature, 57.2℃, is observed. The secondary minerals, montmorillonite and calcite, are thought to be the alteration products by the thermal water. kn-abstract=鳥取温泉の深度300mに及ぶ試錐のボーリング･コアを検討した結果,主成分鉱物として,石英,長石類(斜長石,加里長石,)と二次的生成鉱物としてモンモリロナイト,カオリナイト,イライト,緑泥石,黄鉄鉱などを認めた.このうち,イライトは堆積岩中に普遍的に存在し,更に緑泥石も全般的にしかも第三紀層で多量に認められている.モンモリロナイトは方解石と共に温泉による生成が考へられ,また,カオリナイトは表土層にのみ認める事ができる.一方,加里長石,黄鉄鉱,緑泥石の産出状態,及びコアが示す粒度,酸化状態からして第四紀層の堆積環境が推定され,25mを境として下部は数回の陸化を含む浅い堆積層であるのに対し,上部は比較的深い.背後供給地から離れた海成層を示唆する. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeKoji en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name=渡辺晃二 kn-aut-sei=渡辺 kn-aut-mei=晃二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所地質学部門 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=29 end-page=36 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1974 dt-pub=19740325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Continuous in-vIvo measurement of the brain tissue and the ischemic muscle gas tension using MEDSPECT, MS-8 kn-title=医用質量分析装置（MEDSPECT,MS-8型）を用いた脳および疎血肢の組織ガス分圧 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=I MEDSPECT is a medical mass spectrometer for continuous in-vivo measurement of tissue, blood and respiratory gases. Interfacing catheter for tissue in measurement has Teflon membrane. The permeability and perfusion rate for various gases through its membrane varied with temperature. The temperature coefficient of Teflon catheter in the range of 15℃-40℃ is approximately constant with -2% of correction per degree for oxygen and carbon dioxide. Linear correlation was confirmed experimentally. II The brain tissue gas tensions were measured in ten dogs with intra-venous anesthesia at normothermia and deep hypothermia using perfusion cooling, including circulatory arrest for 30 minutes at 20°C of cerebral temperature. On average, the brain tissue P(O2) was 15mmHg in normothermia when the arterial P(O2) showed 95mmHg and the brain tissue P(CO2) was 49mmHg when the arterial PC02 showed 30mmHg. The brain tissue carbon dioxide tension gradually decreased by cooling and increased during circulatory arrest for 30 minutes; from 45mmHg to 72mmHg. The brain tissue oxygen tension increased during cooling from 15mmHg to 41mmHg and decreased in the circulatory arrest; from 41mmHg to 36mmHg. III The ischemic muscle gas tension was measured in a 22-year-old man, who was suffered from thromboangiitis obliterans bilaterally, and had the popliteal autovein bypass surgery 3 months ago. Control oxygen tensions in the both anterior tibial muscles showed about the same; 35mmHg and 36mmHg respectivelly, and the P(O2) of the non-operated side showed remarkable low level of 18mmHg as compared with the side of arterial reconstruction surgery after 5-minutes ankle exercise. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawakamiShunji en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Shunji kn-aut-name=川上俊爾 kn-aut-sei=川上 kn-aut-mei=俊爾 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaneYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Yamane en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name=山根義久 kn-aut-sei=山根 kn-aut-mei=義久 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoishikiYasuharu en-aut-sei=Noishiki en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name=野一色泰晴 kn-aut-sei=野一色 kn-aut-mei=泰晴 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomotoYoshiaki en-aut-sei=Komoto en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki kn-aut-name=古元嘉昭 kn-aut-sei=古元 kn-aut-mei=嘉昭 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeramotoShigeru en-aut-sei=Teramoto en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=寺本滋 kn-aut-sei=寺本 kn-aut-mei=滋 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SenohYoshimasa en-aut-sei=Senoh en-aut-mei=Yoshimasa kn-aut-name=妹尾嘉昌 kn-aut-sei=妹尾 kn-aut-mei=嘉昌 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanekoKatsuya en-aut-sei=Kaneko en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name=金子克也 kn-aut-sei=金子 kn-aut-mei=克也 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoSeiki en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Seiki kn-aut-name=杉本誠起 kn-aut-sei=杉本 kn-aut-mei=誠起 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiShunjiro en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Shunjiro kn-aut-name=高橋俊二郎 kn-aut-sei=高橋 kn-aut-mei=俊二郎 aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所リハビリテーション医学部門 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所リハビリテーション医学部門 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所リハビリテーション医学部門 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所リハビリテーション医学部門 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第2外科学教室 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第2外科学教室 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第2外科学教室 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第2外科学教室 affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第2外科学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=7 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1976 dt-pub=19760325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The effect of radioactive thermal bathing upon catecholamines of the whole brain of male mice kn-title=マウスの脳内カテコールアミンに及ぼす温泉浴の影響について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author studied the changes of catecholamine levels of the whole brain of male mice weighing 15-20g before and after a single bathing for 20 minutes, 37±1℃ in temperature, in the radioactive hot spring in Misasa (Rn content : 74.83×10(-10)C/l), and compared the results obtained with those of the plain hot water bathing. The catecholamines (dopamine and noradrenaline) were measured by gaschromatographic method using electrone capture detector. It may be summarized as follows : 1. No significant change of dopamine and noradrenaline levels of the whole brain of mice was recognized before and after the plain hot water bathing used as a control. 2. Noradrenaline levels of the whole brain of mice had increased following the radioactive hot spring bath, and remained at same levels for 30 minutes after bathing. Dopamine levels had no change immediately after bathing, but had lowered at 30 minutes from the time of the bath. 3. Causes of these results are under investigation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ItoKeiko en-aut-sei=Ito en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name=伊東恵子 kn-aut-sei=伊東 kn-aut-mei=恵子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所温泉医学部門 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=49 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1981 dt-pub=19810325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of hot spring serial bathing on plasma metabolites kn-title=温泉連浴の生体に及ぼす影響 1. 血漿代謝物質の変動 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to study the effect of bathing for 10 minutes, 34℃ and 40℃ in temperature, in the hot spring in Misasa on plasma metabolites of rats which took a bath once daily for one, two and four weeks, the body weight and the catecholamine, free fatty acid(FFA) and glucose contents in plasma were measured after serial bathing. The body weight tended to decrease by serial bathing compared with non-treated rats. Plasma noradrenaline (NA) content decreased slightly after one and four weeks-serial bathing, but no change was observed after two weeks-serial bathing. Adrenaline content showed the same tendency to decrease as NA content after one and four weeks-serial bathing, but it increased slightly after two weeks-serial bathing. Plasma FFA contents increased by serial bathing compared with those in controls. As to plasma glucose content, a slight decreasing tendency was observed after four weeks-serial bathing although no change was observed after one and two weeksserial bathing. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SenoToshinobu en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Toshinobu kn-aut-name=妹尾敏伸 kn-aut-sei=妹尾 kn-aut-mei=敏伸 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所温泉内科学部門 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=43 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1981 dt-pub=19810325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of serial bathing on plasma metabolites kn-title=温連浴による血漿成分の変動 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present experiments were undertaken to elucidate the effect of serial bathing on plasma metabolites of rats. The rat took a bath for 10 minutes, 34℃ and 40℃ in temperature, in a city water once daily for two or four weeks. After serial bathing, the body weight and the catecholamines, free fatty acid (FFA) and glucose contents in plasma were measured. The results are as follows: 1) The body weight showed a marked decrease after four weeks-serial bathing compared with that of the non-treated rats. 2) After two weeks-serial bathing, the noradrenaline (NA) content decreased slightly, but the adrenaline (A) content increased slightly compared with those in controls. After four weeks-serial bathing, no changes were observed in NA and A contents. 3) Plasma FFA content tended to increase by serial bathing compared with that in controls. 4) Although plasma glucose content tended to increase after two weeks-serial bathing, no change was observed after four weeks-serial bathing compared with that in corresponding controls. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SenoToshinobu en-aut-sei=Seno en-aut-mei=Toshinobu kn-aut-name=妹尾敏伸 kn-aut-sei=妹尾 kn-aut-mei=敏伸 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所温泉内科学部門 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of Hot-Air Room Treatment on Peripheral Leucocytes in Guinea Pigs 1. Effect of Single 30 Min. Hot-Air Room Treatment on Leucocytes Count kn-title=熱気浴のモルモット血液細胞に及ぼす影響について 第1報 : 単回(30分間)熱気浴による影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effect of hot-air room treatment on peripheral leucocytes was examined in guinea pigs by observing the numerical changes after the treatment. The results were as follows. 1. Number of totalleucocytes was decreased immediately after hot-air room treatment with a room temperature of 43℃, humidity of 75-87% and rapidly increased from 30 to 120 min after the treatment. Numerical changes of neutrophils showed a same tendency as that of total leucocytes. 2. Lymphocyte count was not changed or slightly decreased after the hot-air room treatment. 3. Number of basophils was decreased 30 min after the treatment and then increased, differing from that of eosinophils which showed a decreased tendency 120 min after the treatment. 4. Numbers of monocytes and Kurloff cells were slightly increased after the treatment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OdaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Oda en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=小田康広 kn-aut-sei=小田 kn-aut-mei=康広 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraKeiko en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name=西村佳子 kn-aut-sei=西村 kn-aut-mei=佳子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomagoeHaruki en-aut-sei=Komagoe en-aut-mei=Haruki kn-aut-name=駒越春樹 kn-aut-sei=駒越 kn-aut-mei=春樹 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanizakiYoshiro en-aut-sei=Tanizaki en-aut-mei=Yoshiro kn-aut-name=谷崎勝朗 kn-aut-sei=谷崎 kn-aut-mei=勝朗 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学三朝分院内科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学三朝分院内科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学三朝分院内科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学三朝分院内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=35 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200208 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Development of the Apparatus for High-Speed Decomposition of Sewage Sludge kn-title=余剰汚泥高速減応化装置の開発に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigated the development of the apparatus for high-speed decomposition of sewage sludge. The decomposition mechanism was based on thermophilic oxic process of microorganism. Effect of additional stuff on the stable operation of the apparatus was examined by use of 6 kinds of carrier stuffs. Wood chips as an additional stuff into sewage sludge made the apparatus possible to operate stably and continuously. Decomposition of sewage sludge was carried out efficiency when the weight ratio of sewage sludge to wood chips was less than 10%. The influence of rice bran on the decomposition rate has been studied. The temperature in reaction tank rose with the addition of the rice bran. The decomposition rate of sewage sludge increased with a rise in the temperature. It was clarified that the rice bran was added to the sewage sludge to accelerate the decomposition. It is clear from the measurement of carbon dioxide concentration in exhaust that the decomposition reaction reached in the maximum about 12 hours after the beginning of reaction. The CO, evolution rate increased with a rise in the temperature. Total amount of carbon discharge in the exaust agreeded with the decrease of sewage sludge. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IwasakiYasuo en-aut-sei=Iwasaki en-aut-mei=Yasuo kn-aut-name=岩崎保雄 kn-aut-sei=岩崎 kn-aut-mei=保雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemuraKosuke en-aut-sei=Takemura en-aut-mei=Kosuke kn-aut-name=武村耕輔 kn-aut-sei=武村 kn-aut-mei=耕輔 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoFumiya en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Fumiya kn-aut-name=佐藤文也 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=文也 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkatsuHisayoshi en-aut-sei=Ikatsu en-aut-mei=Hisayoshi kn-aut-name=井勝久喜 kn-aut-sei=井勝 kn-aut-mei=久喜 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=株式会社アサヒエンジニアリング affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=株式会社アサヒエンジニアリング affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=新日本技研株式会社 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学環境管理センタ－ en-keyword=Sewage Sludge kn-keyword=Sewage Sludge en-keyword=Microorganisms kn-keyword=Microorganisms en-keyword=Aerobic Digestion kn-keyword=Aerobic Digestion en-keyword=Rice bran kn-keyword=Rice bran en-keyword=Carbon dioxide kn-keyword=Carbon dioxide END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=783 end-page=789 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19971010 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Thermodynamic Study of Ion-Association Reactions between Aromatic Anions and Tetrabutylammonium Ion in an Aqueous Solution en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A temperature effect on ion-association reactions in an aqueous solution has been studied between nine kinds of aromatic anions and tetrabutylammonium ion (TBA(+)). The ion-association constants (K(ass)) were determined by analyzing the change in the electrophoretic mobility of anions, which was obtained by capillary zone electrophoresis, by a non-linear least-squares method. The mobility of the analyte anions decreased with increasing the amount of TBA(+) added in migrating solutions. The thermodynamic parameters in the reaction were obtained from the change in the K(ass) values by the change in temperature. The values of the entropy change (ΔS°) were positive in the ion-association reactions of all of the anions examined, being in the ranges from 5.8 to 46.1 J K(-1) mol(-1); the contribution of TΔS° in the examined ion associates to the Gibbs free-energy changes is larger than that of enthalpy changes (-ΔT°), except for phthalate ion. The results suggest that some hydrated water molecules were released in the formation of such hydrophobic ion associates, as well as in the cases of previously reported inorganic ion associates. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakayanagiToshio en-aut-sei=Takayanagi en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=高柳俊夫 kn-aut-sei=高柳 kn-aut-mei=俊夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotomizuShoji en-aut-sei=Motomizu en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name=本水昌二 kn-aut-sei=本水 kn-aut-mei=昌二 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Ion association kn-keyword=Ion association en-keyword=thermodynamic parameters kn-keyword=thermodynamic parameters en-keyword=capillary zone electrophoresis kn-keyword=capillary zone electrophoresis en-keyword=aromatic anions kn-keyword=aromatic anions en-keyword=tetrabutylammonium ion kn-keyword=tetrabutylammonium ion END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=147 end-page=158 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Photoconductive and Photovoltaic Properties in Cadmium Bismuth Aluminate Glasses en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Photo-induced phenomena such as photoconductive and photovoltaic effects were investigated for the glasses in CdO-Bi(2)O(3)-Al(2)O(3) system. Photoconductive effect was characterized by a slow decay of photocurrent (persitent photoconductivity). The decay rate decreased with increasing CdO content and decreasing Bi(2)O(3) content. Photovoltage was very small at room temperature but increased to an obvious value on heating. The photoconductivity and photovoltage were increased with CdO content and enhanced by heat treatment in air. The valence band spectra of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the hybridization of Cd 4d and O 2p orbitals increases with decreasing Bi(2)O(3) content and increasing CdO content in the glasses. As the results maximum tends to flat. This type of band structure inhibits the rapid recombination of electrons and holes. The persistent photoconductivity of the glasses may be attributed to deep energy level of DX centers. Deep energy levels of the glasses are able to prevent the recombination because they have a repulsive barrier for both electron emission and capture. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChenDanping en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Danping kn-aut-name=陳丹平 kn-aut-sei=陳 kn-aut-mei=丹平 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTomohiro en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name=渡辺智大 kn-aut-sei=渡辺 kn-aut-mei=智大 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraYoshinari en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name=三浦嘉也 kn-aut-sei=三浦 kn-aut-mei=嘉也 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NanbaTokuro en-aut-sei=Nanba en-aut-mei=Tokuro kn-aut-name=難波徳郎 kn-aut-sei=難波 kn-aut-mei=徳郎 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Wuhan University of Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 en-keyword=Photoconductivity kn-keyword=Photoconductivity en-keyword=Photovoltage kn-keyword=Photovoltage en-keyword=Persistent photoconductivity kn-keyword=Persistent photoconductivity en-keyword=CdO-Bi(2)O(3)-Al(2)O(3) glasses kn-keyword=CdO-Bi(2)O(3)-Al(2)O(3) glasses en-keyword=Electronic state kn-keyword=Electronic state END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Rarefied Gas Flow Over a Solid Surface with Adsorbates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The molecular dynamics study is applied for interaction of the gas molecule with the solid wall to analyse the flow of a rarefied gas between two wall. The wall consisting of Pt molecules is considered to be in a state of physical adsorbates. Two problems are considered : one is the flow problem and the other is the temperature problem. It is found that the tangential momentum accommodation coefficient is about 0.8 when the relative speed ratio of the two walls is unity, while it decreases with increasing Knudsen number when the relative wall speed ratio is 5.0. It shown that the temperature accommodation coefficient is about 0.85 at 300K wall, 0.75 at 450K wall, and 0.69 at 600K wall. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoKyoji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kyoji kn-aut-name=山本恭二 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=恭二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=11 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1955 dt-pub=19550325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=EFFECT OF WATER LEVEL OF RIVER ON MINERAL SPRING (Continued) kn-title=河川の水位が溫泉に及ぼす影響について（続報） en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=From February to September 1954, observations were made of the rates of flow and the water temperatures at a spring called "Tanaka-no-Yu", Misasa Hot Springs, Tottori Prefecture. Simultaneously with these observations, the water level of the River Misasa and that of an irrigation stream nearby were also determined. The procedures for the observations were the same as in the previous report. Comparing the results here obtaind wite those previously obtaind, and referring to the conclusions in the previous report, the author has been led to the following conclusions. From the observations in the period from February to September, 1954, as from those in the period from June, 1953 to January, 1954, a positive correlation was found between the rate of flow and the water teperature, the correlarion coefficient being 0.828 (highly significant). The analsis of variance of the obseryed results showed that the rate of flow and the water temperature appear to be affected by the water levels of the River and of the irrigation stream, and also by their interaction. This conclusion supports what was deduced in the previous report. The average water levels of the River and of the irrigation stream, the average rates of flow and the average water temperatures, for the period from June to September in 1953, were compared with those for the period from June to September in 1954. The differences in the average water levels of the River, the average rates of flow and the average water temperatures are significant; while that in average water levels of the stream is not significant. From this it may be concluded that the increase in the rate of flow and the rise of the water temperature were resulted from the upheaval of the water level of the River, which followed the construction of a dam there. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UmemotoShunji en-aut-sei=Umemoto en-aut-mei=Shunji kn-aut-name=梅本春次 kn-aut-sei=梅本 kn-aut-mei=春次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所化学部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=8 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195208 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS BY PUMPING SUCTION OF HOT-SPRING kn-title=溫泉の吸引による結果に対する二、三の知見 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=At Sekigane Hot-Spring, Tottori, Japan, where three hot-springs place side by side, the auther measured the variation of spring temperature, pH, Cl,- HCO(3)- and SO (4)-- content and the amount of flow, during and after, pumping suction of one hot-spring. About the variation of other hot-spring, immediately after the commencement of suction, the content of HCO(3)- decreased and that of Cl- and SO(4)-- increased. Then the increase of HCO(3)- content and the decrease of Cl- and SO(4)--contents appeared with the lapse of time. After stopping the suction, these changes in contents were reversed agaln, that is, the decrease of HCO(3)- and the increage of Cl- and SO(4)-- were observed. Immediately after the second suction was begun, HCO(3)- increased and Cl- and SO(4)-- decreased rapidly. The amount of flow increased only when the pumping suction stopped. At the hot-spring which was pumped, HCO(3)- and SO(4)-- contents decreased and the slight increase was observed in Cl- content. Of cource, only when the suction stopped, the amount of flow decreased. But at these hot-springs, the ratio of Cl-/SO(4)-- has always constant value, about 1.05. These results show that these three hot-springs belong to the same line and difference was observed only in the contamination with ground-watres. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UmemotoShunji en-aut-sei=Umemoto en-aut-mei=Shunji kn-aut-name=梅本春次 kn-aut-sei=梅本 kn-aut-mei=春次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所化学部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195208 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=BALNEOLOGICAL STUDIES USING RADIO-ACTIVE ISOTOPES (1) ON THE MECHANISM OF THE ACTION OF SODIUM SULFATE SPRING BATH． kn-title=人工放射性同位元素による温泉作用の研究(1)芒硝泉入浴による硫酸イオンの体内進入について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Using Na(2)SO(4) labelled with S(35) transition of sulfate ion into the body across the skin was investigated soon after the bath in sodium sulfate solution at varying conditions. Mice were used as test animal. Percutaneous absorption of sulfate ion proved to be promoted at high bath temperature (45℃) than at indifferent temperature(37℃). stronger by the bath of longer duration (30min.) than by the bath of shorter duration (10min.), increased after repeated baths than after a single bath. It was accelerated by making a burn to the skin of the bathed animals. Layton and Dziewiatkowski proved that the parenterally administered sulfate ion was partly fixed in the connective tissue as chondroitin sulfate. The author had proved that chondroitin sulfate relieves pain, increases peripheral circulation and when administered parenterally promotes production of immune bodies. In Japan natural and artificial Glauber's salt spring bath are known to have a beneficial effect on wound healing, but no satisfactory explanation was given till today. Lith reported that a hypertonic solution of sodium sulfate promoten wound cure by external application and Seki showed that subcutaneous connective tissue of mice was stimulated by the bath in sodium sulfate spring. And so the abovementioned author's data seem to throw some light on solving the problem. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OshimaYoshio en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name=大島良雄 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=良雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokotaTakeo en-aut-sei=Yokota en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=横田剛男 kn-aut-sei=横田 kn-aut-mei=剛男 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所内科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=4225 end-page=4244 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19581130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the Effects of Temperatures upon Enzyme Activity kn-title=酵素作用におよぼす温度の影響について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to experiment the effects of low and high temperature upon the enzyme activity, the author used papayotin and taka-diastase and he came to the following conclusions: 1) In refregirathing experiment in 0℃, -18℃, -48℃ and -52℃, optimum pH in the activity of papayotin and taka-diastase is found 4.6~5.0. 2) The activity of papayotin and taka-diastase is not reduced even when the enzyme is iced in 0℃ for ten days. 3) After refregirating just papayotin powder in -18℃ and working it on gelatin solution, the enzyme activity increases; and on the contrary, after refregirating gelatin solution in -18℃ and working it on the papayotin powder, the enzyme activity decreases; and lastly, it is found out that the influence of refregirating on the enzyme activity is stronger when refregirated in -18℃ for two hours han only thirty minutes in the same degree of temperature. In the experiment used taka-diastase, when either just enzyme powder, or starch solution, or mixed solution of enzyme powder and buffer solution or of enzyme powder, starch solution and buffer solution are iced in -18℃ the enzyme activity has tendency to increase a little. In case of refregirating just starch solution, the increase of taka-diastase is seen very clearly; and two hours' refregirating in -18℃ is much stronger in activity of increase than of thirty minutes. 4) In the experiment in -48℃, papayotin iced for thirty minutes and worked upon gelatin solution shows a little increase in its activity; but in the case when just gelatin solution is iced, it is not clear of any influence of refregirating. In the same experiment, when either or taka-diastase or starch solution or mixed solution of these two is iced in -48℃, the activity of taka-diastase begins to increase a little and stronger increase is found always in just starch solution which is iced for two hours rather than thirty minutes. 5) In the experiment is -52℃, just papayotin is iced and its activity with a little increase is more clealy shown in thirty minutes' refregirating rather than that of one or two hours. Either just starch solution or mixed solution of taka-diastase and starch solution is iced, the influence of refregirating on the activity of papayotin is not clear. In the experiment used take-diastase, its activity increases when just starch solution is iced, and on the other hand, the influence of refregirating upon the activity is not clear when either of taka-diastase or mixed solution of taka-diastase and starch solution is iced. 6) In short, it is found out that the papayotin in the decomposition of gelatin increases when the papayotin powder is iced; and taka-diastase in the decomposition of starch increases when the starch solution is iced: the former is the increase of papayotin based on the disaggregation of colloidal granule (F, Nord) and the latter is that the activity of taka-diastase could be made easier by refregirating starch solution and making granule into smaller pieces. 7) In heating take-diastase solution in 70℃ for thirty minutes, the influence of heat upon the activity of taka-diastase is not shown; but the slight decrease of activity would be seen in case of heating in 80℃ for thirty minutes. 8) In heating taka-diastase solution in 100℃ for thirty minutes, the activity is gone completely which will never come back even when taka-diastase is iced in -18℃. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KandaMizuho en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Mizuho kn-aut-name=神田瑞穂 kn-aut-sei=神田 kn-aut-mei=瑞穂 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=3-2 article-no= start-page=1509 end-page=1514 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Statistical Observation of the Abdominal Cesarean Section kn-title=腹式帝王切開術の統計的観察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Over the period of 23 years from 1934 to 1957 out of the total of 10,000 deliveries at the Obstetrics Clinic of Okayama University Medical School those who had the abdominal cesarean section amounted to 91 cases, showing the rate of frequency of 0.91 per cent (1.08＞p＞0.76%). There is a significant difference in the frequency of the abdominal cesarean section between the years (1934-1945) before the end of the World War II and the years (1946-1957) after the end of the War, with an increase in the latter period. As for the relationship between number of delivery, age, and the frequency of the abdominal cesarean section, the frequency rate is highest in the primipara over 30 years old, followed by the multipara over 30 years, and it is lowest in the multipara under 29 years. As regards the indication, the abnormality of the pelvis is low, showing only 17.5 per cent; and this fact seems to be due to the adjustment of indications as well as to our policy in which we try to have delivery through the vaginal way as best as we can. Taking the relationship between pains, and rupture of the bag of water and operation, the section performed prior to the pains amounts to only 26.6 per cent, whereas that performed before rupture of the bag is rather frequent, namely, 80.2 per cent. Those who showed the body temperature of over 38℃ postoperatively amounted to 29 cases. The proportion of the postoperative rise in the body temperature by the methods of operation was highest in the corporeal section followed in a descending order of the cervical section and Porro's operation. However, no difference can be found in the rise in the body temperature between the section before rupture of the bag and that performed afterwards. The maternal mortality rate was 4.39 per cent (9.65＞p＞2.16%). As for the neonatal mortality rate the true death rate was 26.59 per cent (44.33＞p＞1995%), and the corrected death rate, was 10.39 per cent (17.76＞p＞6.12%). The neonatal mortality rate in mothers having the abnormality of the birth canal only was markedly lower than those with toxemias or those with hemorrhagic complications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TottoriYukio en-aut-sei=Tottori en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=鳥取行雄 kn-aut-sei=鳥取 kn-aut-mei=行雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産科婦人科学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=3869 end-page=3878 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19581031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the Leucocyte Function in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Part 1. The Leucocyte Function and Conditions of Disease in Pulmonary Tuberculosis kn-title=肺結核患者の白血球機能に関する研究 第一編 肺結核患者の白血球機能と病状に就いて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=After the general examination of blood and examinations of the leucocyte function and the pattern of their movement in 48 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the author studied the relationship between the results of examinations and conditions of disease; and obtained the following results: 1. The leucocyte count inceases along with aggravation of disease; and there can be observed a marked increase of lymphocytes in minimal cases; of monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes in moderately advanced cases; and of monocytes and neutrophils in far advanced cases. In other words, the increase in monocytes and neutrophils becomes marked as tuberculosis advances in severity. On the other hand, the percentage of lymphocytes indicates the advance of tuberculosis. Moreover, the farther advanced the disease, the more marked is the tendency of the left-shift of the nucleus in neutrophils, and also the ratio L: M decreases accordingly. Although a decrease in eosinophils can generally be observed, there is no di stinct correlation between this decrease and the condition of disease. 2. Leucocyte function: The leucocyte function in minimal cases generally is about the same as that of the normal persons, but as the disease advances to moderately advanced and to far advanced stages, it decreases along with the advance. The leucocyte function declines in proportion to the increase in erythrocyte sedimentaion rate, and those with over 25 mm erythrocyte sedimentation rate show a marked decline in the function. According to Oka's classification based on X-ray findings, the function in Type Ⅶ is markedly lower than that in Types Ⅵ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ. And according to the NTA classification as the extensiveness of lesions advances from the minimal to moderately advanced and far advanced, or according to the clinical classification as the inactive type moves to the arrest and to the active typse, the leucocyte function proportionately decreases more and more markedly. Relative to number of tuberculous bacilli, in those who are negative to bacillus culture the leucocyte function does not differ much from that of the normal, but as the culture, bacillus collection and smear specimens turn to positive, the leucocyte function gradually declines. As for the relationship with the body temperature and pulses, along with the rise in body temperature and increase in pulse-beats the leucocyte function diminishes, especially the decline is quite marked in the case with the body temperature of over 38℃ and pulses over 100. Moreover, in the case when the leucocyte count increases, the leucocyte function is enhanced up to the count of 8,000, but beyond 10,000 the function is extremely diminis hed. The greater the average number of nuclei, the greater in the acceleration of leucocyte function, and in those whose L/M ratio is 16-23, the leucocyte function is highest. Of those patients with pulmonary tuberculosis of moderately advanced stage or far advanced showing an increase in leucocyte count, a decrease in the average nucleus count, and a low L/M ratio; the ones with accelerated leucocyte function later improve, while ones with lowered leucocyte function still get worse and worse. 3. Movement pattern of leucocytes in pulmonary tuberculosis: As the disease aggravates, Types A(3), B(2), and D with low wandering velocity increase in number. In addition, even in those with the same movement pattern, as the disease aggravates, the wandering velocity decreases that much more. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaraMasao en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=原正夫 kn-aut-sei=原 kn-aut-mei=正夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=2487 end-page=2495 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19580731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental and Clinical Studies on Effects of Intraarticular Injection of Phenolcamphor Part Ⅱ. Experimental Studies on Skin Surface and Intraarticular Temperature in Intraarticular Injection of Phenolcamphor kn-title=Phenolkampfer関節内注入の実験的並びに臨床的研究 第2編 Phenolkampfer関節内注入時皮膚及び関節内温度についての実験的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Correlations between intraarticular changes and local findings and skin surface and intraarticular temperature following Phenolcamphor injection were studied to assure the possibilities of anticipating its effects and courses following Phenolcamphor injection by measurement of temperature. Phenolcamphor were injected into knee joints of three groups of normal rabbits in which 0.25 cc and 0.5 cc of Phenolcamphor, and mixed solution of 0.25 cc of Phenolcamphor and 0.25 cc of water as control were given. Temperature was measured with electric thermometer. 1) Close relationship were found between intraarticular changes and local findings, and skin surface and intraarticular temperature following intraarticular injection of Phenolcamphor. Temperature rose with increase of local inflammatory signs and falls with its regression and stabilized after two or three weeks. 2) Parallel correlation was found between skin surface and intraarticular temperature with a little high level in the latter. 3) No difference in changes of temperature was found in different amount of injected Phenolcamphor, though the Peak of temperature rise was noted slightly later in the case of a small amount of injected material than in the large amount. 4) It is of significance for observation of effects and course of Phenolcamphor injection to measure skin surface and intraarticular temperature. However, it is not feasible to measure frequently intraarticular temperature and also it is hardly acceptable to inject procaine into joint for the relief of pain in measurement of intraarticular temperature. It is not applicable to clinical use, hence measurement of skin temperature should be used as substitute for it. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakashi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=渡辺高 kn-aut-sei=渡辺 kn-aut-mei=高 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部津田外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=169 end-page=189 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590131 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Transfusion of Preserved Blood and Electrolyte Metabolism Part Ⅰ. Fluctuation of Electrolytes in Serum on Massive Transfusion of Preserved Blood kn-title=保存血輸血と電解質代謝 第1編 血清電解質の変動について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the experiment of massive transfusion of compatible preserved blood on dogs, Na-, Cl-, K-, total Ca and Ca-ion-concentration were determined, and electrocardiograms were taken of each case as reference simultaneously. These electrolytes were also determined on patients needed massive transfusion during surgery, and Na- and K-concentration in plasma of preserved blood were traced day by day. Results obtained are as follows: 1) In the blood stored in ice box of 2° to 5℃ of temperature the serum potassium was increased, on the contrary lowered the serum sodium. 2) On massive transfusion of preserved blood, concentration of serum electrolytes of recipients showed minimum fluctuation. 3) The fluctuation of electrolytes was not significantly related to the transfusion rate, nor the preservation period of blood transfused. 4) Serum calcium-ion level was determined on the patients showed hemorrhagic tendency during surgery, but no noticeable correlation was observed. 5) The electrocardiograms showed no significant findings. 6) In the control experiment of fresh blood transfusion, the serum electrolytes did not show marked changes. From the results obtained above, it is concluded that massive transfusion of preserved blood is not dangerous in a sense of serum electrolyte level, although it is preferable to transfuse fresh blood in the following cases; cases in the conditions which will cause hyperpotassemia, infant, cases under hypothermia and impaired calcium metabolism, or cases with circulatory disturbances. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SudoKazuo en-aut-sei=Sudo en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=須藤和夫 kn-aut-sei=須藤 kn-aut-mei=和夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部砂田外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=1427 end-page=1434 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19580430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Patho-Histologic Studies on the Disses Space of the Liver in Epidemic Hepatitis Part Ⅲ A Study on the Disses Space of Experimental Dog With Liver Damage kn-title=流行性肝炎時の肝臓内Disse氏腔の病理組織学的研究 第3編 実験的犬肝障碍時のDisse氏腔について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Eppinger, H. tried to endorse the inflammatory theory with the experimental of allyl formate, but there are not a few scholar expressed their opinions against the theory and also same differencies on Disses space are foung between autopsy and biopsy. Under the above sence, I studied histologically on the influence of DOCA using for epidemic hepatitis. 1. Searching mainly for the variation of Disses space on the dog's liver leaving at the room temperature, is not clearly shown in a short time, but it is clearly shown after 3 hours and it is remarkably observed after 24 hours. As for its living wall, it is mostly void but a light flocculatise substance is sometimes observed in it. Therefore, the general theory that Disses space being clear by the changeness after death night be agreeable. We, therefore, must accept the general theory, which the Disses space become clear by the changeness after death, put forward by many scholars. 2. Leaving the dog's liver toxicated by allylformate at the room temperature, the dilatation of Disses spaces is observed as same as the healthy one. On the other hand, observing closely for the fresh tissues, it is possible to observe the Disses space, and the serous exsudation and the imperturbability of homozeneaus substance or brownish blue granular material are found at the same place. But the dgree of it is not as clear as the one found in the liver of epidemic hepatitis. 3. Making the allylformate toxication on dogs, the expansion intermediate and the atrophy of the liver cells with the vacuolar dgeneration in a part or zones and peripheral zones vacuolar are observed, and the capillary vessels are remarkably limited, interrupted and partly obliterated and staynative hyperemia is fouud. 4. If DOCA is given to the dogs, at that time, the above changes are improved according to the dosis. The degeneration of the liver parenchym is light with a small amount of DOCA, and the capillary vessels is normal or becomes a little narrow, and it is not observed even a little with the big dosis and the capillary vessels is rather dilated and the blood circulation is increased. 5. It is, therefore, clear that the influences of DOCA on the dogs toxicated with allyl-formate is remarkable and DOCA acts upon the vascular system and improves the changes of the liver parenchyms. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KaraiAkira en-aut-sei=Karai en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=唐井昭 kn-aut-sei=唐井 kn-aut-mei=昭 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=785 end-page=793 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19580331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Study on the Polarographic Cancer Reaction Part Ⅱ. Study on the Production Mechanism of the Polarographic Cancer Reaction by Serum kn-title=ポーラログラフ癌反応の研究 第2編 血清「ポ」癌反応発生機序の研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=a) The rabbits under those conditions such as non-treated, R.E.S. stimulated, R.E.S. blocked, splenectomized, liver protected, and cachectic, were given human cancer extract intravenously for seven days, determining the protein waves of the blood serum. It was found that the wave height of F. decreased and of D. increased, A/G and α and γ globulins increased, when the cancer extract was injected into them. In the liver protected and in the R.E.S. blocked cases the decreasing rate of F. wave height was less, and in the liver protected and in the splenectomized cases the increasing rate of D. wave height was also less. b) The filtrate protein waves were determined polarographically in the saline extract of the gastric cancer tissue, the mucosae of gastric cancer and of gastric ulcer. In the cancer extract the fluctuation in wave height did not appear even after alkali denaturation. c) In the paper-chromatograph completely similar nine spots were observed in the cancer tissue, the mucosae of gastric cancer and the ulcer. d) Filtrate protein wave was determined, after keeping the cancer tissue extract and the serum at various temperatures for 30 minutes and in the several concentrations mixed in vitro, and was compared with the result obtained in the non-mixed after the same procedure. In the temperature of 20℃ and the protein concentration of 1.1 gm. % , the mixed one showed higher wave than the non-mixed. As a control, same experiment was performed in the extract of mucosa of gastric ulcer, but it showed no differences between the mixed and the non-mixed. In short, the cancer extract which elevated the protein wave of rabbti serum filtrate is more denaturated than the extract of normal gastric mucosa, and the cancer extract has a direct action to the serum protein and to elevate the filtrate protein wave even in vitro. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiramatsuTeruo en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Teruo kn-aut-name=平松照雄 kn-aut-sei=平松 kn-aut-mei=照雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部津田外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=11-12 article-no= start-page=2035 end-page=2047 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=19601231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Respiratory Humidity: Efficiency of Humidifiers kn-title=呼吸湿度に関する研究:給湿器の効率について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Adequate humidification of inhaling gases is important for the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. Humidification facilitates expectoration, inhibits the onset of respiratory complications. and prevents them from getting worse. It is especially important in the care of postoperative patients or patients who are under oxygen therapy. There are many types of humidifiers currently being used, but no reports have appeared in the literature on their efficiency. An improved photo tube dew-point hygrometer was used for measuring humidity, which was shown on an electronic recorder automatically and continuously. The temperatures of gases before and after humidification, of water in humidifiers, and of the environment air were measured with thermocouples simultaneusly. A number of experiments were done under varying conditions to evaluate how the efficiency of a bubble-type humidifier is influenced by factors such as: (1) the environment temperature, (2) temperature of gas before it enters the humidifier, (3) temperature of water in it, (4) depth of water for bubbling, (5) number, size and directions of holes from which oxygen-bubbles emanate, (6) flow of oxygen, (7) viscosity of water, etc. The following factors were found to increase the efficiency of humidifiers, experimentally and also theoretically, and were discussed from the standpoint of practical application. (1) Maintaining temperatures of the inlet flow of oxygen, which was the gas used in most cases, and of the water in the humidifier as high as possible. This is the most obvious factor seen from a clinical standpoint. Copper water containers are recommended instead of glass containers, making it possible to maintain the water temperature very close to the environment temperature. The environment should also be kept sufficiently warm. (2) Smaller size and increased number of holes (over ten holes with a diameter of less than 1mm.) can make good humidification, even with high flow. (3) Bubbling through increased water depth (over 10cm. of depth) is recommended. (4) Downward direction of holes is recommended. But, if there are many holes, they should be directed somewhat diverted to lateral so that bubbles radiate in all directions. (5) Increased viscosity of water is not useful for better humidification. Also, the effect of foaming and spraying over the water surface was obserbed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoToru en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=佐藤暢 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=暢 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=1-3 article-no= start-page=183 end-page=218 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=19620330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Electroencephalogram and Brain Damage during Circulatory Arrest in Profound Hypothermia by means of Extracorporeal Blood Cooling. kn-title=血液冷却法による超低体温下循環遮断時の脳波および脳変化 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Brain damage in profound hypothermia was studied by means of electroencephalogram, brain blood barrier and estimation of activity succinic dehydroganase in dogs. Hypothermia was induced by incorporating a heat-exchange mechanism in pump-oxygenator system and total circulatory arrest was maintained for from 3 to 50 minutes after esophageal temperaure had been reduced to the range of 5℃ to 17℃. Rewarming followed by circulatory arrest was discontinued at about 36℃ of esophageal temperature. Two types of pump-oxygenator, bubble and Kay-Anderson, were used and their advantages were compared. Poor recovery of electroencephalogram and brain damage were found even in many cases where perfusion time for cooling and rewarming is relatively short, ranging from 45 to 55 minutes, in bubble type group. These changes were found more frequently and much more exaggerated in proportion to increase of total perfusion time. Brain damage considered referable to perfusion per se was found only where duration of perfusion extended over 89 minutes in Kay-Anderson group. Perfusion less than 80 minutes is cnosidered safe in this type of oxygenator. Changes of temperature in the jugular vein and brain surface were very closed and the difference between those and esophageal temperature was around 8℃ at the maximum when the latter was aronnd 10℃ and it decreased slightly at the end of cooling.The three closely approximated at around 20℃ on rewarming and the gradient between the former two and the latter became maximum at around 30℃ (esophageal) and it decreased at the end of rewarming. There was found gradient in temperature between brain core and brain surface and the former was closed to esphageal temperature and the latter colosed to temperature in the jugular vein. No marked difference in electric brain activity was noted between the cases with and without additional perfusion during circulatory arrest. It is anticipated that circulatory arrest of 30 minutes duration cause no harmful effect on brain when brain temperature was below 20℃. Esophageal temperature rose regularly compared to temperatue in the jugular vein or brain surface during circulatory arrest. The rapidity of temperature drift was in order of esophagus, brain and jugular vein. At first, decrease in amplitude was noted on cooling, though decrease in frequency was minumum, in electroephalographic changes. Occasionally, reactivation of electroencephalogram was found in spite of general tendency toward flattening, in the coures of cooling. The same phenomenon was observed occasionally after circulatory arrest, though electroencephalogram disappeared compleltely ten minutes after arrest. On rewarming, electroencephalogram reappared at 20℃, which is about 3℃ higher in average temperature when it disappeared on cooling. Changes in electroencephalogram on rewarming was not consistent. Burst at first and then increase in frequency were noted in some cases. and wave of low voltage at first, secondly rapid increase of frequency and then gradual increase of amplitude were noted in another cases. Occasionally, suppression of electroencephalogram recurred after esophageal temperature reached to over 30℃, Decrease in both frequency and amplitude of brain waves were generally noted in most caces at the end of rewarming and return of amplitude to the initial level usually lagged behind that of frequency. Brain damage was found in cases where recovery of brain was poor when examination was performed 20 minutes or more later after completion of the experiment, though it was sometimes unsuccessful to detect brain damage where examination was done earlier than 20 minutes. Brain damage was found mostly in the cortical area of the brain and occasionally in nucleus and brain stem. There were few cases where brain damage was found despite of good recovery in brain acivity. No changes were noted usually in cortical area in those cases and minimum when existed, too. It is remarkable that good recovery of brain activity in electroencephalogram does not always guarantee absense of brain damage. Estimation of the activity of succinic dehydrogenase is considered an excellent method for detection of brain damage, because it makes passible to disclose changes in brain tissue in early period after their occurrence. Bubble type oxygenator is considered disadvantageous to profound hypothermia with rapid blood cooling. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshiaiShyozo en-aut-sei=Ishiai en-aut-mei=Shyozo kn-aut-name=石合省三 kn-aut-sei=石合 kn-aut-mei=省三 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部砂田外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=359 end-page=372 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1967 dt-pub=19670430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental Studies on the Influence of Surgical Intervention on the Metabolism of Reticuloendothelial System Ⅰ. A Study on Changes in the Metabolism of the RES under Anesthesia using Glycyrrhizin (59)Fe Colloid kn-title=外科侵襲の網内系代謝機能に及ぼす影響に関する実験的研究 第1編 グリチルリチン(59)Feコロイド法による麻酔時網内系代謝機能の変動 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For the purpose to study changes in the metabolism of RES in vivo under anesthesia over a long period a series of experimental observations were conducted with dogs by means of Glycyrrhizin (59)Fe-colloid method and the following results were obtained. 1. It was found that to the dog under anesthesia the phagocytosis of the RES is clearly inhibited, and with the use of Isozole it is slightly inhibited, while deep anesthesia such as combination anesthesia and low body temperature anesthesia distinctly affects the phagocytic function of the RES. 2. On the other hand, in the study of the hemoglobin synthesis which reflects the metabolic function of the RES, by means of fractionation of hermin iron and non-hemin iron in erythrocytes it was demonstrated that the hemoglobin synthesis is clearly inhibited by anesthesia and deep anesthesia inhibits the synthesis to a greater extent. 3. Simultaneous observations of the total organic iron, hemosiderin, ferritin fractions revealed that under anesthesia the retension of hemosiderin is increased, ferritin is decreased, and the ratio of hemosiderin to ferritin is lessened, suggesting that there develops a retension phenomenon in the RES. 4. The metabolic function of the RES is markedly inhibited by the low body temperature anesthesia at 27℃ to 28℃ but along with the lapse of time there develops an adaptation-recovery phenomenon and the metabolic function is inhibited more markedly rather than phagocytosis but it does not reach the stage of arresting the reaction. These findings clearly demonstrate that the Glycyrrhizin (59)Fe colloid method is a superior one for examining the functions of the RES to the classical method available. Further, in the investigation of the RES by this method it has been suggested that the function of RES is less inhibited by shallow anesthesia while by the deep anesthesia its inhibition is greater, and that under the low body temperature anesthesia more of the primeval function of the RES is maintained, thus rendering many useful criteria of clinical importancs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujisawaMasahiko en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Masahiko kn-aut-name=藤沢昌彦 kn-aut-sei=藤沢 kn-aut-mei=昌彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=79 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=271 end-page=280 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1967 dt-pub=19670430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Malic Dehydrogenese Isozyme Part Ⅱ. A Study on Malic Dehydrogenese Isozymes of Human Serum and Rat organs during Development kn-title=リンゴ酸脱水素酵素のアイソザイムに関する研究 第2編 ヒト血清及び発育過程におけるラット臓器のリンゴ酸脱水素酵素アイソザイムについて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Malic dehydrogenese (MDH) activities in human serum of various diseases were studied. Elevation of MDH activities were observed in myocardial infarction, acute hepatitis, and some malignant tumors. Characteristic MDH isozyme patterns were obtained from serum of patients with myocardial infarction and acute hepatitis showing marked elevation of MDH activities. During the tetrazolium procedure for staining of electrophoreticaly separated serum malic or lactic dehydrogenese isozymes on agargel, without substrate and co-enzyme, two peaks were noticed and named serum "non-specific factor". These peaks were considered a kind of non specific reactions which resulted from a reduction of the tetrazolium salt electrostaticaly adsorbed on Alb. ～ α(1), Glb. by SH-groups of these serum proteins. These reactions were accelerated by the elavation of PH or the temperature, exposure during staining and the prolonged staining time, as well as the rise of concentrations of NTB, PMS and CN- in the staining medium. Considering of optimal conditions of enzyme reaction, the minimum use of NTB, PMS and Na CN, washing stained agargels with PH 4.5 acetic acid SoL, and complete shading during procedure could minimize the influence of this factor. Two MDH isozymes were demonstrated in agargel isozymograms of rat organs, one migrating towards the cathod and the other toward the anode. The cathodal fraction was considered mitochondrial MDH (m-MDH), and the anodal one cytoplasmic MDH (c-MDH), respectively. During development, m-MDH showed marked increase in heart muscle. In contrast to this, cMDH of liver and gastric mucosa increased in procedure of development. On the other hand the ratio of m-MDH and c-MDH in kidney remained constant through development. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakayasuMasao en-aut-sei=Takayasu en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name=高安正雄 kn-aut-sei=高安 kn-aut-mei=正雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=83 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=357 end-page=395 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=19711030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=STUDIES ON INJURY TO ERYTHOROCYTES DURING EXSTRACOPOREAL CIRCULATION kn-title=体外循環における赤血球損傷に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Clinical and experimental studies on hemolysis during extracorporeal circulation were performed. Various factors of hemolysis were analized as to perfusion methods, refering to erythrocyte life span. Conclusions are as follows: 1) Concerning hemolysis, ACD blood for priming preserved for 2 to 3 days is not inferior to one preserved for a day. 2) Disc oxygenators give less damage to erythrocytes than bubble oxygenators. 3) Blood from cyanotic heart diseases has a tendency to show more hemolysis than blood from a cyanotic heart diseases. 4) Mechanical hemolysis increases as blood temperature drops. 5) As antihemolytic agents, Mannitol is effective, but Pluronic F-68 shows no recognizable effects in vitro experiments. 6) Blood retension in the pericardium causes marked hemolysis, resulting in elevation of free Hb level in suction circuit, and return of blood from suction circuit to oxygenator gives a rise to elevation of plasma free Hb level in extracorporeal circulation with a little influence to total free Hb level. 7) Hemodilution is effective to decrease damage to erythrocytes. 8) Kind of diluent gives great influence to hemolysis. Gelatin has proved to be best. 9) Hemoglobinuria is seen at higher level of plasma free Hb than 110-140mg/dl after extra- corporeal circulation. 10) Erythrocyte life span is much shortened with even mild mechanical stimulation to erythrocytes. With strong stimulation, it was markedly shortened. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtakiTatsuo en-aut-sei=Otaki en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=大滝達郎 kn-aut-sei=大滝 kn-aut-mei=達郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第2外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=867 end-page=875 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Two Cases of Atypical Lymphocytos is Resembling "Prolymphocytic Leukemia" (Galton et al.) kn-title="Prolymphocytic leukemia" （Galtonら）に近似せると考えられる異型リンパ球の著増を来した2例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Case 1: A 38-year-old housewife was admitted to our clinic on January 1973 because of fever and lymphocytosis of 4-months' duration. Leukocytosis (25,500/m㎥) with a marked lymphocytosis (70%) was present in peripheral blood. Twenty-four out of this 70% of lymphocytes were markedly atypical, showing indented or lobated nuclei and rather abundant basophilic cytoplasm. These cells were also seen in bone marrow in 2.6%. Phase contrast and electron microscopic observation revealed these cells to be rather mature atypical lymphocytes. Negative Paul-Bunnell test, low antibody titer for EB virus, and poor blstogenesis to stimulation by phytohemaggulutinin and T-cell nature of these lymphocytes were demonstrated. Prominent hepatosplenomegaly was characteristic though lymphoadenopathy was absent. Peripheral leukocyte counts increased progressively up to 20.4×10(4)/m㎥ while blasts were scarecely seen. In spite of administering Neocarzinostatin, vincristine and prednisolone. the patient died of pneumonia three months after admission. Necropsy using a Silverman needle revealed cytomegalic inclusion bodies in the lung and massive infiltration of, what appeared to be, atypical lymphocytes into the liver, spleen and kidney. Case 2: A 56-year-old male was admitted to the Okayama University Hospital at Misasa on March 1974, complaining of high temperature of 2-weeks' duration. Leukocyte counts in peripheral blood was 7,550/m㎥ with atypical lymphocytes, which were quite similar in shapes as well as in maturities to those seen in the Case 1 and were seen in 23.5%, whereas they were 7.8% in the bone marrow. Fever continued without responding to various antibiotics and prednisolone. Leukocyte counts were increased up to 23,600/m㎥ within two weeks and he died of massive interstitial pneumonia one month after the admission. Necropsy with a Silverman needle revealed cytomegalic inclusion bodies in the lung and infiltrations of atypical lymphocytes into the liver, spleen and kidney. Infectious mononucleosis can be ruled out on the basis of progressive and fatal clinical courses and other specific laboratory findings, although infection by Herpes type virus might play some role at the terminal stage of the disease. As the increase of atypical lymphocytes is so prominent in the peripheral blood and bone marrow, these 2 cases probably belong to lymphocytic leukemia; acute lymphocytic leukemia can easily be omitted because no blasts were seen. On the other hand, these cases cannot be categorized as conventional chronic lymphocytic leukemia in various points, showing atypical lymphocytes with variegated shapes and sizes, much shorter surviving time than that and poor response to therapy. Differentiation of these cases from "lymphosarcoma cell leukemia" is also made by their shorter clinical courses than that leukemia and absence of very characteristic nucleoli seen in that leukemia. Maturity of the cells from our cases also differ from those in lymphosarcoma cell leukemia; cells in our cases are maturer than those of that leukemia. "Prolymphocytic leukemia" reported by Galton et al. may be a disease entity to be most compatible with our cases. Marked lymphocytosis, short survival time, poor response to therapy, hepatosplenomegaly and absence of peripheral lymphoadenopathy accord well with the clinical features described by them. The characteristic cells, however, in the peripheral blood of prolymphocytic leukemia are somewhat different from those seen in our cases. The cells of that leukemia have a large vesicular nucleolus in almost every cases without appreciable clefts, indentations or lobations of nucleus, whereas less conspicuous nucleoli and more irregular nuclei in shape were frequently observed in our cases than in prolymphocytic leukemia. Incidentally, Akihama et al. reported a case quite resembling our cases, and proposed a new clinical entity which should be differentiated from chronic lymphocytic leukemia due to several reasons as stated before. Because of, however, the lack of proper autopsies and limited numbers of cases experienced so far, it will be too premature to state that these 3 cases, including that of Akihama et al., should be regarded as a new clinical entity. Further studies on the similar cases to ours will be needed to decide as to whether or not our 2 cases are indeed a variant of prolymphocytic leukemia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaguchiHirokuni en-aut-sei=Taguchi en-aut-mei=Hirokuni kn-aut-name=田口博国 kn-aut-sei=田口 kn-aut-mei=博国 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanadaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=真田浩 kn-aut-sei=真田 kn-aut-mei=浩 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaToshio en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=田仲俊雄 kn-aut-sei=田仲 kn-aut-mei=俊雄 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiTakehiko en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Takehiko kn-aut-name=林健彦 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=健彦 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyoshiIsao en-aut-sei=Miyoshi en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name=三好勇夫 kn-aut-sei=三好 kn-aut-mei=勇夫 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitayamaMinoru en-aut-sei=Kitayama en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=北山稔 kn-aut-sei=北山 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部中央検査部 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部中央検査部 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部中央検査部 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二内科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二内科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部三朝分院内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=91 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=1317 end-page=1332 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1979 dt-pub=19791030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental study of safety limits in differential hypothermia Part 2. Metabolic effects on normal rabbit brains kn-title=Differential Hypothermia処置の安全限界に関する実験的研究 第2編 家兎正常脳の代謝への影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Differential hypothermia (D.H.) treatment was performed on normal rabbit brains and the associated changes in cerebral metabolism were observed in series. Under generalized body hypothermia (rectal temperature; 23℃), a portion of normal brain was maintained at normothermia (37±1℃) by heating with microwave irradiation (2.45GHz). Brain tissues were sampled as follows; before treatment, at the beginning, 3, 6 and 10 hours later, and finally 12 and 36 hours after completion of the 10 hour-treatment. Five rabbits were studied in each group to be 35 as a total sum. In each rabbit, two samples; one from the normothermic portion and one from the hypothermic portion, were obtained. By using enzymatic analysis, six glycolytic metabolites (glucose, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-diphosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, pyruvate, lactate) and three adenine nucleotides (ATP, ADP, AMP) were investigated quantitatively. From these results, the ratio of lactate and pyruvate (L/P ratio) and energy charge potential (ECP) were calculated. Before the treatment, the L/P ratio was 26.4 and ECP was 0.921. Up to 6 hours after the beginning, the metabolic status in the normothermic portion was relatively higher than the hypothermic portion. Namely, L/P ratio and ECP in the normothermic portion reached 27.6 and 0.953 respectively. On the completion of the 10 hour-treatment, however, glucose decreased considerably. While G6P increased markedly associated with a L/P ratio of 47.5. Similarly ATP was decreased, while ADP and AMP were increased, therefore ECP decreased to 0.873. These data indicated tissue hypoxia. On the other hand, 36 hours after the treatment, the L/P ratio recovered completely to 18.7, ECP also recovered to 0.901. These results indicated that metabolism in the normothermic portion was smooth up to 6 hours duration of treatrent, although it was constantly higher than the hypothermic portion. On the completion of the 10 hour-treatment, increase of glycolysis by tissue hypoxia and failure of energy metabolism were observed. However, these changes were considered still reversible because the results obtained after the treatment indicated reasonable recovery. Therefore it was suggested that 10 hour-differential hypothermia treatment on the normal rabbit brains was safe from a viewpoint of glycolytic and energy metabolism. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaKomei en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Komei kn-aut-name=池田幸明 kn-aut-sei=池田 kn-aut-mei=幸明 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学脳神経外科学教室 en-keyword=differential hypothermia kn-keyword=differential hypothermia en-keyword=normal brain kn-keyword=normal brain en-keyword=glucose kn-keyword=glucose en-keyword=adenine nucleotides kn-keyword=adenine nucleotides en-keyword=metabolic changes kn-keyword=metabolic changes END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=91 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=379 end-page=396 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1979 dt-pub=19790430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Diurnal variations in motor activity and regional brain monoamine content in young adult and aged rats kn-title=若齢成熟および老齢ラットの行動量と脳部位別モノアミン量の日内変動 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Diurnal variations in motor activity and regional monoamine levels of the brain in both young adult and aged wistar male rats were compared. The young adult group (Y group) consisted of 16 week old rats. The aged group (A group) comprised 19 month old rats. All the animals were housed in a room with an alternating 12 hour dark-light cycle. The temperature was kept at 24℃ and the moisture at 55 % . Motor activity was measured in selected rats by Animex. Both groups were then subdivided into six smaller groups. The animals of these groups were sacrificed by decapitation every 4 hours of the 24 hour period (2, 6 and 10 hours in the dark cycle, and 2, 6 and 10 hours in the light cycle; D2, D6, D10, L2, L6 and L10). Immediately after decapitation, brains were collected, dissected into six different regions (amygdala [Amy], corpus striatum [St], cerebral cortex [Cor] , hippocampus [Hip], diencephalon [Die] and brain stem [B. S.]), and the levels of dopamin [DA], norepinephrine [NE] and serotonin [5-HT] in each determined fluorometrically. The results were as follows. 1. Diurnal variation of motor activity. Both Y and A groups showed a marked difference between the dark and light cycles. Activity increased during the first 4 hours of the dark cycle, then decreased gradually during the rest of the dark cycle. Motor activity decreased markedly immediately after beginning of the light cycle, and remained decreased throughout the light period. The motor activity of the both groups increased transiently a little before the light cycle. Y group activity increased directly before the dark time. A group activity was significantly less than that of Y group, except for 2 time points during the light cycle. A group motor activity was about 50 % lower than that of the Y group. 2. Diurnal variation of DA. Amy from both groups showed a higher levels in the dark time than in the light. St showed two peaks in both groups but the range of variation was wider in A group than in Y group. Cor from both groups showed a higher level in the light time than in the dark. The levels of Hip, Die and B. S. in both groups showed little variation, the range being much smaller in A group. There was no significant difference in the levels of Amy, Cor and Hip in either group, but St, Die and B. S. were significantly lower in A group throughout almost the entire 24 hour period. 3. Diurnal variation of NE levels. Marked variations in Amy, Cor, Hip and Die occurred in both groups. The NE level in the 4 brain regions tended to be lower during the dark time than during the light. The diurnal variation of amine levels in St was smaller in the groups than in the other five regions. B. S. in the Y group showed lower levels during the dark time; however, B. S. from A group showed almost constant levels during the 24 hour period. The NE levels of each groups showed little difference in brain regions other than B. S.. In A group, B. S. showed 1.8 to 9 times higher levels than Y group at all examined time points. 4. Diurnal variation in 5-HT levels. Both groups showed higher amine levels in Amy, Hip and Die during the dark period than in the light. St in Y group showed two peaks at D10 and L6 but the same region in A group showed almost constant amine levels during the diurnal period except for D6. The level in Cor from both groups showed little variation, the range being much smaller in A group than in Y group. The level in B.S. of Y group showed a marked dark-light difference with a high peak at L2 but the same region from A group showed a gradual variation in the amine level with a peak between D10 and L2. Comparison of the 5-HT levels in Y and A groups showed that there was no significant difference in Amy, Hip and Die. The level in St remained high throughout the diurnal period in Y group. The level in Cor showed a higher value during the 24 h period in A group. The amine level in B. S. was higher in the A group at two time points of the dark period than in Y group. The data indicate a characteristic influence of aging on diurnal variations of motor activity and three monoamine contents of the brain. Some regions of the brain showed no difference in DA levels of Y and A groups, whereas other regions showed significantly lower levels in A group. Some regions showed no difference in NE levels of both groups and the other showed significantly higher levels in A group. These results suggest that the turnover rate of DA in some brain regions is accelerated in A group compared to Y group. A group tended to show less diurnal variation in the three monoamine levels of the brain than Y group when related to the reduced motor activity of A group, this suggests that metabolism of these monoamines in related to behavior. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DoiTohru en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Tohru kn-aut-name=土井亨 kn-aut-sei=土井 kn-aut-mei=亨 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部脳代謝研究施設脳代謝神経科 en-keyword=老化 kn-keyword=老化 en-keyword=日内変動 kn-keyword=日内変動 en-keyword=運動量 kn-keyword=運動量 en-keyword=脳内モノアミン量 kn-keyword=脳内モノアミン量 en-keyword=部位別脳 kn-keyword=部位別脳 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=95 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=949 end-page=967 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19831030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on selective brain warming by extracorporeal circulation in hypothermic dogs. kn-title=区別低体温法に関する実験的研究 ―体外循環による頸動脈加温潅流について― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=One of the problems in the clinical application of differential hypothermia (DH) for malignant brain tumors, is the method by which the tumor is kept normothermic under generalized hypothermia. In this study, a unilateral carotid artery was exposed and perfused with blood warmed at 40-42℃ through a femoral-carotid shunt under generalized hypothermia with a rectal temperature of 22-32℃ for 2-10 hours in 26 dogs. There were two groups of 13 dogs each. In Group I, the internal carotid arteries were perfused, and in Group II, the common carotid arteries were. The peak brain temperature of the perfused cerebral hemisphere rose above 35℃ in 8 cases of Group I (35.0-41.6℃) and all cases of Group II (36.4-39.9℃). The flow rate to keep the perfused brain normothermic was about 40-60 ml/min. in Group I, and 50-80 ml/min. in Group II. In Group II, the maximum perfusion pressure was below the physiological level of 200 mmHg, but in Group I, the pressure often rose above 200 mmHg (230-350mmHg). The maximum temperature difference between the body and the perfused cerebral hemisphere ranged from 9 to 13℃ in 8 cases in Group I and 12 in Group II, indicating that the common carotid artery is the preferred artery to be perfused. Eight dogs expired during the DH procedure, and 11 dogs within 24 hours after rewarming. Intracranial hemorrhage was found in seven dogs, all of which belonged to Group I. Six dogs revealed intracerebral hemorrhage localized around a thermistor probe inserted in the brain, which occurred in the perfused cerebral hemisphere in 3 cases and bilaterally in 3 cases. In all of these dogs, the maximum perfusion pressure exceeded 230 mmHg. Subdural hematoma of the perfused side was observed in one dog. No brain edema was observed macroscopically or microscopically in any case. The ratio of the summed amplitude of theta waves to that of alpha waves in EEG was measured in the seven dogs who did not demonstrate any physiological and neurological abnomalities immediately after rewarming. The ratio of the perfused side was smaller during than before perfusion in six dogs, and was smaller than that of the non-perfused side in all cases. These results showed that alpha activities were increased and slow activities were decreased in normothermically perfused brain, and indicated that the perfused brain was more physiological than the non-perfused one. Of a total of 26 dogs used in this experiment, 19 died due to massive hemorrhage (about 150-250 g) in 10 dogs, intracranial hemorrhage in 3, cardiac arrest during hypothermia in 3 and uncertain causes in 3. All seven of the dogs which survived belonged to Group II, and their maximum perfusion pressure was below 200 mmHg. This result suggests that the maximum perfusion pressure is one of the most important factors affecting mortality during the carotid perfusion. In dogs which survived neither neurological deficit nor abnomalities in the histological studies and in the follow-up EEG were observed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshizuHoji en-aut-sei=Yoshizu en-aut-mei=Hoji kn-aut-name=吉津法爾 kn-aut-sei=吉津 kn-aut-mei=法爾 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学脳神経外科教室 en-keyword=differential hypothermia kn-keyword=differential hypothermia en-keyword=carotid perfusion kn-keyword=carotid perfusion en-keyword=malignant brain tumor kn-keyword=malignant brain tumor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=95 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=295 end-page=303 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Model studies on the alteration of the phospholipid composition of Staphyloccous aureus in response to the lack of the cell wall kn-title=黄色ブドウ球菌の壁欠落にともなう膜リン脂質組成変動のモデル解析 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to elucidate why cardiolipin increases markedly in Staphylococcus aureus cells which lack cell walls, the phase transition temperature of cardiolipin (CL) was determined and compared with that of a major phospholipid, phosphatidylglycerol (PG). CL composed of a fatty acid with a given length was synthesized from dimyristoyl PG and dipalmitoyl PG with the aid of phospholipase D prepared from cabbages and was purified by chromatography. Analysis by differential scanning calorimetry showed that the phase transition temperatures of dimyristoyl PG, tetramyristoyl CL, dipalmitoyl PG and tetrapalmitoyl CL were 25.0, 47.0, 40.5 and 62.2℃, respectively. A mixture of the two phospholipids showed a higher phase transition temperature than PG alone, but lower than CL alone. In the presence of divalent cations, especially Ca(2+), the phase transition temperature of CL increased more than that of PG. These results clearly indicate that cardiolipin can increase the membrane rigidity and suggest that S. aureus may increase cardiolipin content of the membrane to compensate for the loss of mechanical protection due to the lack of the cell wall. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KariyamaReiko en-aut-sei=Kariyama en-aut-mei=Reiko kn-aut-name=狩山玲子 kn-aut-sei=狩山 kn-aut-mei=玲子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部細菌学教室 en-keyword=Differential scanning calorimetry kn-keyword=Differential scanning calorimetry en-keyword=Phase transition kn-keyword=Phase transition en-keyword=Staphylococcus aureus kn-keyword=Staphylococcus aureus en-keyword=Phospholipid composition kn-keyword=Phospholipid composition en-keyword=Cardiolipin kn-keyword=Cardiolipin END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=95 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Conversion of phosphatidylglycerol to cardiolipin in the cell membrane of Staphylococcus aureus kn-title=黄色ブドウ球菌細胞膜におけるホスファチジルグリセロール：カルジオリピンの転換反応 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The conversion of phosphatidylglycerol(PG) to cardiolipin(CL) in isolated Staphylococcal cell membrane was studied to clarify the physiological role of the reaction in the membrane. CL content in the isolated membrane was about 20% of the total phospholipids and that of PG was 50%. When the isolated membrane was kept at optimal conditions, the CL content increased to 50% and that of PG decreased to 20%. The optimal pH range of the reaction was between 3.0 and 5.0, and the optimal temperature was between 30 and 50℃. The reaction appeared to be completed within three minutes with an apparent Vmax of 74nmoles CL produced/min/mg of membrane protein. The maximum CL content that could be reached in the membrane was no more than 60 % . The reaction was mediated by cardiolipin synthetase in the membrane. The mode of the reaction seemed to be different from that of previous reports (Short S.A. and White D.C. J. Bacteriol. 1972, and Burrit M.F. and Henderson T.O. J. Bacteriol. 1975) in which the reaction was examined by solubilized enzyme with exogenous PG as the substrate. In comparing the mode of reaction in the membrane with that in the solubilized system, it is reasonable to conclude that CL synthetase is buried in the lipid bilayer with its active site facing toward the inside of the cell. The activity of CL synthetase probably is regulated by the pH of the microenvironment brought about by the chemiosmotic potential of the membrane together with the fluidity of the lipid bilayer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KiguchiKenichiro en-aut-sei=Kiguchi en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name=木口健一郎 kn-aut-sei=木口 kn-aut-mei=健一郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部細菌学教室 en-keyword=S. aureus kn-keyword=S. aureus en-keyword=Cell membrane kn-keyword=Cell membrane en-keyword=Cardiolipin synthetase kn-keyword=Cardiolipin synthetase en-keyword=Phospholipids kn-keyword=Phospholipids END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=97 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=815 end-page=822 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19851030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Changes in substances affecting the central nervous systemin stored blood products. I. Ammonia accumulation in platelet concentrates during storage kn-title=血液保存における中枢神経影響物質の変化に関する研究(第1編) ―血小板濃縮液の保存中におけるアンモニアの蓄積― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To study how to control the ammonia level in platelet concentrates during storage, the effects of storage conditions on ammonia accumulation in the product were examined The ammonia level increased significantly with increasing storage temperature from 4℃ to 37℃ and reached approximately 500μmol/l after 72 hours of storage at 22℃. There was a negative relationship between the ammonia level and pH value of the product. The ammonia accumulation due to a fall in pH was depressed by applying a gentle flat-bed mode of agitation during storage. More vigorous agitation, such as elliptical agitation, resulted in higher ammonia accumulation. Analysis of changes in amino acids of the product showed that ammonia was mainly derived from non-enzymatic hydrolysis of glutamine in plasma. Glutamic acid had a preventing effect on the ammonia accumulation. The effect was dose-dependent and required approximately 50mg/dl final concentration to reduce the ammonia level to about half of the normal value. I consider the addition of glutamic acid to the blood preservative to be useful in reducing transfusion reactions due to ammonia. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshiiAkio en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name=石居昭夫 kn-aut-sei=石居 kn-aut-mei=昭夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部脳代謝研究施設機能生化学部門 en-keyword=ammonia kn-keyword=ammonia en-keyword=glutamine kn-keyword=glutamine en-keyword=glutamic acid kn-keyword=glutamic acid en-keyword=platelets kn-keyword=platelets en-keyword=blood preservation kn-keyword=blood preservation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=100 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=205 end-page=222 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=1988 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of differential hypothermia on adenovirus type 12 induced tumors -Histological and histochemical study- kn-title=Adenovirusl2型誘発腫瘍におよぼす区別低体温（differential hypothermia）処置の影響 ―酵素組織化学的研究― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Differential hypothermia (D. H.) for the treatment of brain tumor, a method in which the tumor is kept normothermic while the body is kept hypothermic (Popovic et al., 1965) was examined. In order to clarify the effect of D. H. on tumor metabolism, histological and histochemical examinations were performed on adenovirus type 12 induced tumors transplanted into the cheek pouches of 50 Syrian golden hamsters. The animals were anesthsized with 5% pentobarbital sodium given intraperitoneally. The tumors were immersed in a warm water bath to keep the tumor temperature at 37℃ while the total body was kept hypothermic (12℃) by placing it in ice water for 10 hours. Tumor growth was examined in 20 animals. Fifty percent of the tumors disappeared completely with no regrowth within 1 month after D. H., and 35% showed marked regression. However 15% showed no regression.Histological and histochemical examinations performed on 30 animals disclosed degenerative changes of the tumors treated with D. H., such as enlarged lumen of blood vessels and edema around tumor cells immediately after the treatment. Pyknoses and karyorrhexes became obvious 24 hours after the treatment. Histochemical examinations were performed immediately, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hours after D. H. Three hydrolytic enzymes [alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP), Burstone's method, and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) Wackstein-Meisel's method] and 8 glycolytic enzymes [lactate dehydrogenase (LHD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PHD) and β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (β-HDH), Mori's method, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), Nachlas's method, cytochrome oxidase (CYO), Burston's method, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), Barka-Anderson's method, and monoamine oxidase (MAO), Glenner, Burster and Brown's method] were examined.Enzymatic activities of LDH and MDH obviously decreased in the tumor cells immediately after D. H. and also slightly but significantly thereafter. On the other hand, the activities of β-HDH, SDH, CYO, GDH and MAO obviously increased in the tumor cells up to 12 hours after D. H. These results indicate that acceleration of fatty acid and amino acid metabolism and aberrant glycolysis occurs. These metabolic changes are suggestive of degenerative changes of tumor cells following D. H. ALP, ACP, ATPase and G-6-PDH showed no activity in the tumor cells before or after D. H. In the tumor stromas, the activities of ALP and ACP increased immediately and over 24 hours after D. H. The activity of ATPase was confined only to the endothelium of blood vessels and decreased up to 48 hours after D. H. These changes in ALP, ACP and ATPase activity in the tumor stromas suggest metabolic disturbances and increased permeability of the blood vessel walls following D. H. The other enzymes showed no remarkable changes in the tumor stromas after D. H. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ArimoriMinoru en-aut-sei=Arimori en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=有森稔 kn-aut-sei=有森 kn-aut-mei=稔 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部脳神経外科学教室 en-keyword=区別低体温処置 kn-keyword=区別低体温処置 en-keyword=温熱療法 kn-keyword=温熱療法 en-keyword=酵素組織化学 kn-keyword=酵素組織化学 en-keyword=脳腫瘍 kn-keyword=脳腫瘍 en-keyword=Adenovirusl2型誘発腫瘍 kn-keyword=Adenovirusl2型誘発腫瘍 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=105 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1983 dt-pub=19830225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation and Dielectric Properties of [Ba,Sr]TiO(3)-Al(2)O(3)-SiO(2) Glass-Ceramics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A series of ferroelectric glass-ceramics was elaborated by the controlled growth of Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO(3) crystal particles in the glass system 60[Ba(1-y)Sr(y)]TiO(3)-10Al(2)O(3)-30SiO(2)(0≦y≦0.2) in molar basis. Analysis of crystal phases by X-ray diffraction revealed that Sr content in Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO(3) increased with increasing content of SrO in glasses by its preferential transfer into the crystal phase, and the appropriate temperature for the crystal growth was 1100°C. Curie temperatures of glass -ceramics shifted to lower temperature with increasing SrO content in the crystal and comparatively high dielectric constant was obtained at room temperature for a glass-ceramics with y=0.2. Frequency dependences of dielectric constant and loss tangent were examined in the frequency range from 1 K to 1 M Hz. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OdaKiichi kn-aut-sei=Oda kn-aut-mei=Kiichi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YoshioTetsuo kn-aut-sei=Yoshio kn-aut-mei=Tetsuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=O-okaKazuo kn-aut-sei=O-oka kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute for Non-Crystalline Materials affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute for Non-Crystalline Materials affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Research Institute for Non-Crystalline Materials END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=11 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Order-Disorder Transition in Urea-Polyethylene Complex en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The phase transition of urea complexes whose guest components range from n-paraffin to polyethylene was investigated by DSC thermal analysis. The transition temperatures increased with increasing the chain length; the related heats did not change much with the chain length. An X-ray powder diffractometry for urea-polyethylene complex revealed that the complex undergoes the same kind of phase transition between orthorhombic and hexagonal as urea-n-paraffin complex. The transition is interpreted in terms of an order-disorder transition with respect to the orientation of the guest molecule. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YokoyamaFumiyoshi kn-aut-sei=Yokoyama kn-aut-mei=Fumiyoshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MonobeKazuo kn-aut-sei=Monobe kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19841126 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation and Dielectric Properties of [Ba, Ca] TiO(3)-Al(2)O(3)-SiO(2) Glass-Ceramics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Succeeding to 60(Ba,Sr)TiO(3)-10A1(2)O(3)-30SiO(2)glassceramics reported in our previous paper, another type of ferroelectric glass-ceramics was elaborated by the controlled growth of Ba(l-x)Ca(x)TiO(3) crystal particles in the glass system 60 (Ba(l-y)Ca(y)) TiO(3)-10Al(2)O(3)-30SiO(2) (0.0