result 20934 件
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41649 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Credit Squeeze of 1973 after the Oil Crisis |
| FullText URL | oer_028_4_103_127.pdf |
| Author | Ichinose, Atsushi| |
| Abstract | Following another paper of mine* devoted to the analysis of the credit sqeeze in 1973 before the Oil Crisis, this paper deals with the developement of the sqeeze after the Oil Crisis. The main purpose is to compare the analysis of this paper with that of The Hundred Years of the Bank of Japan, vol. 6 (1986). Main concluding remarks are as follows. 1 The recession after the Oil Crisis is mainly due to both the shrinkage of real-term consumption as the natural result of rapid inflation and the decline of willingness to invest. The latter, the decline of investment, is due to the anxiety about the high-cost of oil and the difficulty to secure it. The Hundred Years does not mention the above. 2 The Hundred Years discusses only little about the effect of the reversed exchange control policy upon the improvement of overall balance of payments, whereas this paper attaches great importance to the mixed effect of reversed exchange control since Nov. 1973 and the raising of the Bank Rate by 2% in Dec. 1973. 3 As to the reason why the 9% Bank Rate had been maintained until April 1975, this paper infers, with a few indirect evidences, that it was necessary for the Bank, particularly, to retain, for some time, short- term foreign capital in the hands of foreign exchange banks to tide over the foreign currency reserves crisis since the fourth quarter of 1973. With regards to this question, The Hundred Years stresses only the significance of maintaining 9% to bring rapid inflation to a close. It does not mention the relation between the keeping of 9% and the international movement of money capital. *Atsushi Ichinose, The Credit Squeeze of 1973 before the Oil Crisis, Shikoku Gakuin Shakaikagaku Nenshi (Journal of Social Science), No 6,1996 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-03-10 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 103 |
| End Page | 127 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129853 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41645 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Statistics and Measurement Theory : Credibility versus Validity |
| FullText URL | oer_028_4_001_028.pdf |
| Author | Sugimori, Koichi| |
| Abstract | The main types and characteristics of the validity about the social research data are outlined, emphasizing the philosophical isuues which underpin this concept. A distinction is drawn between the content validity and other two types of validity. The social background of the validity is then analysed which indicates pragmatic and positivistic formulations marked at the period of growth of the idea "validity". The logical background is also analysed which demonstrates characteristics almost proper to social research data in which a concept corresponds to (at least) several total indicators or measures, in contrast with other sorts of data (statistics, for example) in which a concept corresponds to an unique indic ator or to several partial indicators. The question is raised as to whether it is possible to use the validity in order to examine measurements errors in economic statistics. The conclusion is affimative to the extent to which a philosophical launderring can be performed and "one concept - several total indicators" data can be found in economic statistics. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-03-10 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 28 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129849 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41636 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | An Overture to the Study of Policy Implementation Model |
| FullText URL | oer_028_3_001_027.pdf |
| Author | Fujimoto, Toshimi| |
| Abstract | The paper investigates such basic policy-making regimes as simple rules, commitments and discretion, and some compromises on them such as rules with escape clauses and so on in a familiar static framework of two targets and one policy instrument, with an intention of making it as an overture to the study of Ragnar Frisch's theory of economic policy, especially his policy implelmentation model as the qualitative policy model. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-12-05 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 27 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129839 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41627 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | An Institutionalist Approach to Liberaliam (1) |
| FullText URL | oer_028_2_143_160.pdf |
| Author | Inaba, Shin-ichiro| |
| Abstract | The aim of this paper is to present a new way of theorizing liberalist political / social doctrines. Formerly, most supporters of liberalism have constructed their political / social theories on the base of "methodological individualism". But here I try to found a discriptive / normative theory of liberal societies on the ground ofa sort of "wholism". A main idea of this paper is to conceptualize "personhood" as one type of institutions. I define "institution" as a expected pattern of actions, or a system of rules of conducts, and see "person" as the special type of institution, the institution enacted by one physical humane individual. And I make a thoretical modell of liberal society as a band of different types of institutions. In this modell, "person" is not a sort of "social atom", but have a very specific functioning. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-08-28 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 143 |
| End Page | 160 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129829 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41623 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | On the Factors Which Induce Chinese Students to Obtain Employment in Japan |
| FullText URL | oer_028_2_023_037.pdf |
| Author | Oka, Masumi| Fukada, Hiromi| |
| Abstract | The present study examines the difference of consciousness between the two groups of Chinese students. The first group consists of the students who want to go back to China after their studies in Japan and to obtain employment in their own country. The second group is formed by the students who want to have a job in Japan when their studies are completed. We try to make a comparison between the consciouness of the two groups so that we can clarify the influencial factors on their decision to stay in Japan in order to obtain employment in Japanese enterprises. This paper has revealed that the following factors are remarkable among the second group: 1) experience of longer period of stay in Japan, 2) life under comparatively affluent circumstances, and 3) "friendly" feelings towards the Japanese society. Their wish to work in Japan seems to be closely related with their hope to keep on living in Japan. The former study, Oka & Fukada[1994a], supports the results of this study as far as the above factors 1) and 2) are concerned. The former study has no data on 3). As for "sex", one of the factors, the results of the two studies are contradictory. That is, the former study shows that "sex" is an influencial factor, while the present study says it is not. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-08-28 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 23 |
| End Page | 37 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129826 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41622 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Systemic Transformation Process and Its Regional Structural Features in Russian Far East : The Case of The Privatization of State Property in Khabarovsk Kray |
| FullText URL | oer_028_2_001_022.pdf |
| Author | Genka, Tomonori| |
| Abstract | On July 1,1994, the privatization cheque had become invalid and the first stage of the privatization in Russia ended. This year was also a turning point in the privatization process in Khabarovsk Kray. By the end of 1994 about 90 per cent of small economic units, such as shops and service estblishments and over 60 per cent of industrial units have been privatized. There non-state-owned enterprises in mixed ownership have become closing to one fourths of all enterprises, and producing three fourths of the amount of industrial products and also of consumption goods. Sturucutral differences in privatization among the regional administrative units in Russian Far East can be found. For instance, concerning enterprises in mixed ownership the share of the amount of industiral products in 1994 were 33 per cent in Sakhalin Oblast' and 68 per cent in Primorskiy Kray. The problems of the second stage of privatization are how to privatize large industrial units as the hard core of state ownership, such as enterprises of defence industry, and how to manage and control the enterprises in mixed ownership. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-08-28 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 22 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129825 |
| Author | Chiba, Norio| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1996-06-05 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Content Type | Article |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41620 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Volker Ruhland, Drei wichtige Persönlichkeiten der Jahre 1830 / 31 im Königreich Sachsen (I) |
| FullText URL | oer_028_1_199_228.pdf |
| Author | Matsuo, Nobushige| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-06-05 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 199 |
| End Page | 228 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129821 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41619 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Work of Designers and Pattern-makers in Apparel Manufacturing Companies |
| FullText URL | oer_028_1_175_198.pdf |
| Author | Wakisaka, Akira| |
| Abstract | This research is an intensive interview to five designers and six pattern-makers in three apparel manufacturers. The purpose of the research is to collect a detailed information on specialists who are thought to be fluid workers and to be an approriate job for combining work with family. Ten in eleven interviewees are women, who are almost single. They think it is difficult to continiue to work after having a baby. It is interesting that three companies have different personnel system in treatment of specialists. Company A treats specialists as same as other employees such as clerks or merchandizers. Company B treats patternmakers same as other employees but treats designers differently, remuneration of designers are determined by annual base. Company C treats specialists differnt from other employees, both designers and pattern-makers are contracted and remunerated every year. According to company's personnel strategy, career development of these specialists differs. But difficulties of women for getting a career success are same irrespective of firm's personnel system and of fluid or stable workers. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-06-05 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 175 |
| End Page | 198 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129824 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41618 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Diaries ofthe Deserted Japanese Settlers in Anshan |
| FullText URL | oer_028_1_147_174.pdf |
| Author | Matsumoto, Toshiro| |
| Abstract | In this paper I introduce two diaries written by the Japanese settlers who were forsaken in Anshan, Liaoning province, by the Guandong Anny in 1945. I also present a chronological table about Anshan during the civil war between the Nationalist and the Communist, cross checking these diaries with the other historical materials. The abandoned settlers spent hard and horrible days in the period. Some of them were forced to help the reconstruction of Anshan Iron and Steel Company. So their diaries give us the valuable information to comprehend the situation of Anshan and A.I.S.C. One of the diaries was written by an ex-clerk of Showa Iron and Steel Works(later A.I.S.C.). It tells us the daily incidents around his life. Another diary teaches us the political and economic circumstances in Anshan. The author of the latter had been one of the leaders of the Japanese Settlement Corporation at Anshan and was arrested once by the Eight Root Anny. He described his unusual experience vividly in the diary. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-06-05 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 147 |
| End Page | 174 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129820 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41617 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | On Lectures in General Education |
| FullText URL | oer_028_1_123_145.pdf |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-06-05 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 123 |
| End Page | 145 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129819 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41616 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Memories of MS-DOS |
| FullText URL | oer_028_1_073_090.pdf |
| Author | Fujimoto, Takao| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-06-05 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 73 |
| End Page | 90 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129817 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41615 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | On the Agriculture, Fisheries and Manufacturing Industry in 1919 |
| FullText URL | oer_028_1_043_071.pdf |
| Author | Kandatsu, Haruki| |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-06-05 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 43 |
| End Page | 71 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129816 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER41614 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Effectiveness of Performance Related Pay - Introduction and Its Outcome in the U. K. Civil Service - |
| FullText URL | oer_028_1_023_042.pdf |
| Author | Yamamoto, Kiyoshi| |
| Abstract | In Japan, the introduction of Performance Related Pay (PRP) has been one of the significant changes in employers' approaches to personnel management in the last few years. In PRP the level of pay is defined and made contingent upon certain levels of performance, and its theoretical framework rests on expectancy theory. This theory is based on assumption that individuals will increase their effort to gain more rewards, resulting in increased performance. So it suggests that expectancy perceptions can be strengthened through appraisal system where the link between effort and performance can be demonstrated. Also many employers use PRP as a strategic tool to force changes in values and cultures of their organizations. However the empirical studies demonstrating the effectiveness of PRP are few in Japan. Therefore a survey of government organizations in the UK known to be recently introduced PRP was carried out. We also implemented comparative studies in organizational culture between Japanese civil service and the UK's, because they could identifY the important factors in introducing and implementing processes of PRP in Japan. The principal findings are : 1) Although the principles of PRP are mainly accepted, PRP does not work well as a monetary incentive for improving performance. 2) The recognition with non-monetary incentives is more effective in promoting employee's motivation than a monetary incentive through PRP. 3) Integrating with performance management system has an impact on the organizational culture. 4) Compared to the Japanese civil service, UK's culture is more result-oriented and enterprising while more procedual and regulated. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-06-05 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 23 |
| End Page | 42 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129815 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41613 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | On Relation between Adjustment to Japanese Society and Social Support of Chinese Students Studying in Japan at Private Expense |
| FullText URL | oer_028_1_001_022.pdf |
| Author | Oka, Masumi| Fukada, Hiromi| Jou, Yuh Huey| |
| Abstract | The present study examines the relation between the adjustment of Chinese students to the Japanese life and social support they need from others or various support they can give to others. Eighty Chinese students studying in Okayama prefecture at private expense responded to our questionaire. The former studies (Jou & Fukada [1995 a, 1995 b]) clarified that there was a negative relation between needed support of Chinese students and their adjustment or their satisfaction with campus life. Based upon the result of these studies, we predicted a negative relation between them also in the present study. Namely, we presupposed that the more support they needed, the less adjustment and the less satisfaction they would have. The present study, however, has revealed that there seems to be no relation between them. We also predicted a positive relation between the amount of support Chinese students can afford to others and their adjustment or their satisfaction with campus life. That is, we thought that the more support they could provide, the better adjustment and the more satisfaction they can have. The data obtained in this study have also revealed that there exists a positive relation in general between Chinese students' support providable to others and their adjustment or their satisfaction with campus life. Further analyses using subscores, however, indicate that every area or type of providable support does not necessarily have a positive relation with every area of adjustment or every area of satisfaction with campus life. Moreover, our study has revealed that there also exists a negative relation between them though in an extremely minor part. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1996-06-05 |
| Volume | volume28 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 22 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129814 |
| Author | Matsuo, Nobushige| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 1998-03-15 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Content Type | Article |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41605 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Accumlation of Local Debt and the Reform on the System of Accounts in Local Public Finance |
| FullText URL | oer_029_4_029_060.pdf |
| Author | Sakamoto, Chuji| |
| Abstract | Recently in Japan, we found much public debt in local public finance. In this treatise, we refer to some backgrounds of current increase of local debt, and analyze the present situation of Okayama Prefecture. We also investigate the financial structures of Yamaguchi Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture and Osaka Prefecture. Following these analyseis, we suggest the necessity to introduce the system of stock-accounts including double entry bookkeeping in local public finance. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-03-15 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 29 |
| End Page | 60 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129910 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41604 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Promoting Research Activities and Management Reform in Universities : An Approach from Policy Sciences |
| FullText URL | oer_029_4_001_028.pdf |
| Author | Yamamoto, Kiyoshi| |
| Abstract | Many commentators have insisted without empirical evidence that the heterogeneity of fuculty members promotes the research activities in universities. We have to examine whether or not this assertion would be valid and which element of heterogeneity may contribute to promoting research outputs. This article investigates the relationship between heterogeneity in educational background and research performance, then examines how the Science Research Grant has been allocated to faculties in economics. The result shows that the more heterogeneous faculty members are, the more the research outputs increase. The analysis also indicates that the research performance has been little considered in making decision for adoption while it has made significant effect on the amount of grant for the adopted subject. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1998-03-15 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 28 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129909 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41598 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Representative Arguments on the Formation of Bubbles : Pigeonholing the Points at Issue - The Period of Bubbles (1) - |
| FullText URL | oer_029_3_031_055.pdf |
| Author | Ichinose, Atsushi| |
| Abstract | The aim of this paper is to compare and examine the following three books focusing our attention on the process of the formation of bubbles: Giichi Miyazaki, The Compound Depression, 1992: Yukio Noguchi, Economics of Bubbles, 1992: Yoshio Suzuki, Monetary Policy in Japan, 1993. Miyazaki deems the first phase of bubble formation to be 1983-87 and the second to be 1988-89. His subjective intention is to explain bubbles through deregulation of finance. Yet objectively, his analysis emphasizes firstly, the Bank's intervention (increase of money supply) after the Plaza agreement, and secondly, MOF's preferential treatments on taxation to firms. His biggest problem is the ambiguity in his basis of the above phase-division, which affects his wlole discussion. Noguchi regards the latter half of 1980's as the bubble period. He points out, first of all, the prosperity of so-called equity finance and zaiteku (technology of finance) as formative factors. Secondly, above all, he refers to the prolonged cheap money. Nevertheless he isn't successful in explaining why bubbles began to swell from the year 1986. Suzuki deems the years 1988-89 to be the bubble period. He argues that it is the long-maintainded cheap money policy, which later proved to be an over-reaction to the Black Monday in Oct. 1987, that brought about bubbles. His arguments are clear, but seem to part from the reality. He excludes the years 1986-87 from the bubble period, as to neglect the extravagant inflow of short-term foreign money and the Bank's intervention above. To conclude, it is very important to clarify to the utmost extent when bubbles began to swell. This prescribes one's analysis of bubbles. We regard 1983-85 as the early phase of formation and 1986-89 as that of fuller-scale. Furthermore the possibility of watered fundamentals as well as the exorbitant short-term capital inflow during 1986-87 (and its relation to bubbles) should not be overlooked. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-12-10 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 31 |
| End Page | 55 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129903 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/41597 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Tasks for Decentralization and Financial Reform - Concerning the Second Report of the Local Decentralization Promoting Committee - |
| FullText URL | oer_029_3_001_029.pdf |
| Author | Sakamoto, Chuji| |
| Abstract | In my last two papers, I have studied some points of issue on local decentralization, concerning the interim report and the first report by the local decentralization promoting committee. In this paper, we investigate on the historical aspects and the present situation of Kikaninin-Jimu (agency delegated functions) in Japan, and then, we study the intergovernmental financial reforms after the abolition of 'Kikaninin-Jimu'. We are discussing the rationalization of special grants, the intensification of local taxes and the reforms of the floting system of local debts, relating to the second report of the local decentralization promoting committee in 1997. |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 1997-12-10 |
| Volume | volume29 |
| Issue | issue3 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 29 |
| ISSN | 0386-3069 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 110000129902 |
