岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026特別支援教育への哲学的思考導入についての予備的考察 持続・生成変化・回折の考え方に基づく方法的枠組みの試案237251ENYoHAMADAOkayama Prefectural Okayama Seto Special Needs SchoolMiyukiTAKANOHyogo University of Teacher EducationSatoruSATOFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/CTED/70372 本稿は，現代の特別支援教育の課題から，特別支援教育実践に哲学的思考を導入するための理論的・方法的検討を行うものである。まず，理論基盤として，ベルクソンの「記憶理論」，ドゥルーズ＆ガタリの「生成変化の哲学」，Baradの「回折的方法論」，Blomの「回折的エスノグラフィー」について概説した。そして，理論基盤を基に方法的枠組みとして，「物質－言説的実践」，「持続」，「生成変化」の三つの視点を教育実践を読み解くための相互補完的な分析視点として採用することを提案した。これらの視点は，ポスト質的研究として，出来事を関係的・過程的に捉えることを可能にするものである。今後の課題として，三つのレンズ間の理論的整理，回折的方法論と回折的エスノグラフィーの差異化，および複数の実践エピソードを接続して描くための分析手法の精緻化が挙げられた。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0309-01672026Clinicopathological and transcriptomic profiles of 101 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/high-grade B-cell lymphoma with double-hit MYC and BCL2 or BCL6 and triple hitENMasashiMiyaokaDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai UniversityJoaquimCarrerasDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai UniversityYara YukieKikutiDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai UniversityHarukaIkomaDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai UniversityShunsukeNagaseDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai UniversityAtsushiItoDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine Tokai University Isehara JapanMakotoOritaDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai UniversityHiroshiKawadaDepartment of Hematology, School of Medicine, Tokai UniversityRikaSakaiDepartment of Medical Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer CenterYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesKunihiroTsukasakiDepartment of Hematology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityShujiMomoseDepartment of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityYoshihiroKameokaDepartment of Hematology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of MedicineMasahiroYoshidaDepartment of Hematology, Osaka City General HospitalAkiraSatouDepartment of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University HospitalSeiichiKatoCenter for Clinical Pathology, Fujita Health University HospitalNaokiOishiDepartment of Pathology, University of YamanashiAkioSaitoDepartment of Hematology, NHO Shibukawa Medical CenterKenSadahiraDivision of Hematology, Kawasaki Municipal Kawasaki HospitalYoheiMasugiDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai UniversityNaoyaNakamuraDepartment of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tokai UniversityAims: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma/high-grade B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL/HGBCL) with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (double-hit lymphoma with BCL2, DHL-BCL2) is a mature aggressive B-cell lymphoma that also includes concurrent triple hit with BCL6 translocation (TH). DHL with MYC and BCL6 (DH-BCL6) can also occur. The differences among these three DLBCL/HGBCL subtypes have not yet been definitively determined.<br>
Methods and Results: This study characterized the clinicopathological features and transcriptomic profiles of a series of 101 cases of DLBCL/HGBCL that were subclassified according to MYC, BCL2 and BCL6 FISH data, including cell-of-origin (COO)-like, molecular high-grade (MHG)-like and double-hit/dark-zone (DHIT/DZsig)-like signatures. DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL2 was characterized by higher HGBCL morphology, CD10 positivity, GCB Hans's, GCB COO and MHG molecular subtype. DLBCL/HGBCL-TH had higher LDH levels and worse overall survival. DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL6 had higher MUM1 expression, non-GCB Hans', ABC/Unclassified COO, non-MHG and low DHIT/DZ signatures. Transcriptomic analysis showed that DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL2 and DLBCL/HGBCL-TH were close but separated from DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL6. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed different levels of enrichment between the subtypes.<br>
Conclusions: DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL6 differs from the DLBCL/HGBCL-DH-BCL2, and the DLBCL/HGBCL-TH is associated with the worst survival. Analysis of all three genes of MYC, BCL2 and BCL6 is recommended in the context of DLBCL/HGBCL diagnosis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2055-02941212026Association between the incidence of infusion-related reactions by obinutuzumab and the dose of corticosteroid as premedication: a multicenter retrospective cohort study27ENTatsuyaOhtsuboDepartment of Pharmacy, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini HospitalKazuhiroYamamotoDepartment of Integrated Clinical and Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversitySaoriMatumotoDepartment of Pharmacy, Japanese Red Cross Osaka HospitalKaoriItoFaculty of Pharmacy, Meijo UniversityYuzukaSasaDepartment of Pharmacy, Kindai University HospitalKosukeTomishimaDepartment of Pharmacy, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi HospitalSatoshiDoteDepartment of Pharmacy, Kyoto-Katsura HospitalKatuyaMakiharaDepartment of Pharmacy, Yodogawa Christian HospitalYoshinoriWakasugiDepartment of Pharmacy, Shiga University of Medical Science HospitalTsutomuMitsuieDepartment of Pharmacy, Japanese Red Cross Otsu HospitalKouheiYamagiwaDepartment of Pharmacy, Saiseikai Shiga HospitalKazuoSatoDepartment of Pharmacy, Japan Baptist HospitalHirokiHasegawaDepartment of Pharmacy, Rakuwakai Otowa HospitalNobuhikoUoshimaDepartment of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini HospitalYumiKitahiroDepartment of Pharmacy, Kobe University HospitalKanjiTomoganeDepartment of Pharmacy, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini HospitalBackground Premedication with corticosteroids is recommended for prophylaxis against infusion-related reactions (IRRs) caused by obinutuzumab despite a lack of solid evidence regarding the dose of corticosteroids.<br>
Methods The incidence rates of IRR in the high-dose and low-dose corticosteroid groups were investigated and compared using Student’s t-test.Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed on patients to explore the risk of developing IRRs with obinutuzumab.<br>
Results The incidence of IRRs in the high-dose and low-dose corticosteroid groups at the initial administration of obinutuzumab was 27.0% (41/152) and 48.4% (31/64), respectively, indicating that the high-dose group had a lower incidence of IRRs (p = 0.002). The incidence of IRRs at the initial administration of obinutuzumab was significantly associated with the administration of first-generation histamine 1 receptor antagonist (OR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.16–9.47; reference: second-generation histamine 1 receptor antagonist), hydrocortisone (OR = 7.21, 95% CI: 1.57–33.15; reference: dexamethasone), and methylprednisolone (OR = 3.99, 95% CI :1.13–14.10; reference: dexamethasone), although no association was found with the lower dose of corticosteroids.<br>
Conclusions Although no association was found between corticosteroid dosage and IRR when considering multiple factors, dexamethasone may be a better option than hydrocortisone or methylprednisolone for preventing IRR. Additionally, second-generation H1-receptor antagonists may be a better option than first-generation drugs. Certain combinations of premedications may influence infusion reaction incidence.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama1462-891027102025D3 lymph node dissection in colon cancer patients aged 90 years and over: Is it justified? A multi‐institutional retrospective studye70269ENFuminoriTeraishiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalSatoeTakanagaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalRyoInadaDepartment of Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences CenterToshiharuMitsuhashiCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Medical Development Field, Okayama UniversityToshiakiToshimaDepartment of Surgery, Kagawa Rosai HospitalTsuyoshiOhtaniDepartment of Surgery, Saiseikai Okayama HospitalRyosukeYoshidaDepartment of Surgery, Okayama Rosai HospitalRyoheiShojiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalToshiyoshiFujiwaraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalSetouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration study group collaboratorsAim: The oncological benefit of D3 lymph node dissection (D3 LND) for colon cancer in patients aged ≥90 years remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of D3 LND on outcomes in this specific, vulnerable population.<br>
Method: This retrospective cohort study evaluated 166 patients aged ≥90 years with pathological Stages II–III colon cancer undergoing non-D3 or D3 LND from a multicentre database (2011–2022). Postoperative complications, overall survival and cancer-specific survival were compared between LND groups using propensity score-weighted analyses.<br>
Results: D3 LND group had significantly more females and laparoscopic procedures. Operation time was longer, and blood loss was lower in the D3 LND group. Postoperative complications and severe complications were significantly fewer, and postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the D3 LND group. The number of harvested lymph nodes and distal margin was significantly higher in the D3 group. While unadjusted analysis showed better overall survival with D3 LND (p < 0.001), adjusted cancer-specific survival showed no significant difference (p = 0.10). Adjusted mortality risk was significantly higher in the non-D3 group (p = 0.001).<br>
Conclusion: In nonagenarian colon cancer patients, D3 LND is safe and feasible without increasing complications, but lacks survival benefit. Careful consideration is warranted, and high-quality D2 LND must be consistently ensured when limited surgery is chosen.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1435-245141112025Surgical outcomes and patient selection in nonagenarians with colon cancer: a comparative multi-institutional study of laparoscopic and open approaches21ENRyoheiShojiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesFuminoriTeraishiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSatoeTakanagaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshiharuMitsuhashiCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalRyoInadaDepartment of Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences CenterToshiakiToshimaDepartment of Surgery, Kagawa Rosai HospitalTsuyoshiOhtaniDepartment of Surgery, Saiseikai Okayama HospitalRyosukeYoshidaDepartment of Surgery, Okayama Rosai HospitalNaotoHoriDepartment of Surgery, Tottori Municipal HospitalKaoruShigemitsuDepartment of Surgery, Tsuyama Chuo HospitalSumiharuYamamotoDepartment of Surgery, Okayama City HospitalTetsushiKubotaDepartment of Surgery, Kobe Red Cross HospitalYukaOkanoDepartment of Surgery, Onomichi City HospitalTetsujiNobuhisaDepartment of Surgery, Himeji Red Cross HospitalFumitakaTaniguchiDepartment of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterWataruIshikawaDepartment of Surgery, Fukuyama City HospitalTatsuoMatsudaDepartment of Surgery, Matsuda HospitalTatsuoUmeokaDepartment of Surgery, Matsuyama City HospitalToshiyoshiFujiwaraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSetouchi Colorectal Neoplasm Registration study group collaboratorsPurpose The appropriate surgical approach for colon cancer (CC) in nonagenarian patients remains a subject of clinical debate. This study aimed to compare the short-term outcomes of laparoscopic (Lap) versus open (Open) surgery in patients aged ≥ 90 years with resectable colon cancer.<br>
Methods This multi-institutional retrospective cohort study included oldest-old patientswith pathological Stage II/III CC who underwent elective surgery at 15 hospitals between 2011 and 2022. Patients with rectal cancer, Stage 0/I/IV disease, or emergency surgery were excluded. To address selection bias, inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW) were applied. The primary outcome was postoperative complications; secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS).<br>
Results Median age was 92 years in both groups. Before adjustment, the Lap group had a higher proportion of female patients (p = 0.038) and lower ASA scores (p = 0.01). Laparoscopic surgery was associated with a significantly longer operative time (220 vs. 171 min, p = 0.046) but less intraoperative blood loss (10 vs. 78 mL, p < 0.01). Postoperative complication rates were comparable (Lap: 31.8%, Open: 33.8%), while the Lap group had a significantly shorter hospital stay (13 vs. 17 days, p < 0.01). D3 lymph node dissection was more frequently performed in the Lap group (p < 0.01). After sIPTW, overall survival did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.61).<br>
Conclusion Both laparoscopic and open surgery are feasible options for selected nonagenarians with colon cancer. Laparoscopic surgery may offer benefits in terms of reduced blood loss and shorter hospitalization, despite longer operative times. Careful patient selection considering frailty and comorbidities is essential in determining the most appropriate surgical approach.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2045-23221612026Objective assessment of cesarean section suturing techniques using a uterine simulator7456ENHikariNakatoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesJotaMakiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesChiakiKuriyamaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesShujiroSakataDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesKeiichiOishiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesAyanoSuemoriDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesHikaruOobaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomohiroMitomaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesMasakazuKatoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesSakurakoMishimaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesAkikoOhiraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesSatoeKirinoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesErikoEtoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesHisashiMasuyamaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesCesarean wound healing is influenced by surgeon experience, suture type, and technique. This study utilized a simulation model to quantify these effects. Obstetricians–gynecologists and junior residents performed two-layer continuous suturing on uterine models, forming eight groups based on experience level (expert, novice), suture type (conventional, barbed), and technique (Albert–Lembert, layer-to-layer). The ideal wound condition was defined as that achieved by an expert using barbed sutures and the layer-to-layer technique. Wound characteristics were quantified and compared to this ideal. Experts using barbed sutures in Albert–Lembert suturing showed higher wound density but greater deformation and larger endometrial openings (both P < 0.01). Novices using barbed sutures in Albert–Lembert suturing showed similar wound density but significantly greater deformation and opening (both P < 0.01). Novices using conventional sutures in layer-to-layer suturing showed the lowest wound density and longest suturing time (both P < 0.01). Notably, novices using barbed sutures achieved wound characteristics comparable to experts using conventional sutures in Albert–Lembert suturing and results closer to the ideal in layer-to-layer suturing. These findings establish a quantifiable standard for cesarean suturing and suggest that optimizing suture types and techniques may help compensate for differences in surgical expertise.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026概念型カリキュラムに基づく平和教育単元の開発と実践 ― 声をきく，つくる，とどける ―197213ENYuichiMIYAMOTOFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityYudaiMakabeTeacher at an International SchoolShunSATOEduca & Quest Inc.TomochikaOSHIROGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima UniversityMikaMATSUYAMAKyodo Public Relations Co., Ltd.10.18926/bgeou/70208 本稿は,生徒たちが自己や社会にひかれた境界線への理解を深め(境界線の「上に立つ」),境界線を「別様に引き直す」可能性を追究するというコンセプトで作られたカリキュラム開発プロジェクトのうち，平和教育カリキュラムの開発と実践の成果をまとめたものである。他者存在との共生と協調に関わる概念を，「声」というメタファーに集約させて6つ選定した。生徒たちが,世界に引かれた境界線をどのように理解し,どのように自らの生活の中の境界線を捉えなおそうとしたかについて分析した。カリキュラム構成上の意義と課題に関して，学習した概念の生活認識への転用の困難が明らかとなり,カリキュラムの中に概念の省察と吟味を重点的に行う活動を入れることの重要性が明らかとなった。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPI AGActa Medica Okayama1422-00672752026Fgf10 Gene Dosage from a Single Allele Is Insufficient for Forming Multilayered Epithelial Cells in the Murine Lacrimal Gland2113ENShioriIkedaDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKeitaSatoDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYukiTajikaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Gumma Prefectural College of Health SciencesHirofumiFujitaDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTetsuyaBandoDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTsutomuNohnoDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversitySatoruMiyaishiDepartment of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHideyoOhuchiDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityMutations in the fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) gene in humans cause aplasia of the lacrimal and salivary glands (ALSG). In patients with ALSG, heterozygous loss-of-function mutations are found, and FGF10 haploinsufficiency results in the absence of these secretory organs. Lacrimal glands (LGs) are formed through epithelial thickening, budding, and branching morphogenesis. To compare the variable phenotypes of the Fgf10+/− Harderian glands (HGs) previously reported, we examined the development of LGs in wild-type (WT), Fgf10+/−, and Fgf10-null mice. Pax6 immunostaining was performed to visualize the LG primordia from embryonic day 15.5 (E15.5) onwards. In situ hybridization of the genes encoding the epithelial receptor of FGF10, FGFR2b, and its other ligands was performed to determine their potential involvement in LG development. LG primordia were not observed in Fgf10+/− mice bilaterally at E16.5 or later stages. At E15.5, budding from the developing conjunctival epithelium (CE) was observed in a small fraction of the Fgf10+/− LG primordia. In contrast, the Fgf10-null CE failed to promote budding. Among Fgf1, Fgf3, Fgf7, Fgf10, and Fgf22, Fgf10 was expressed in the mesenchyme surrounding developing LG epithelial cells, whereas Fgf1 was expressed in the LG epithelium of WT mice. Fgf7 was initially expressed in the mesenchyme surrounding the nascent LG epithelium, but its expression subsequently became diffused. Thus, we conclude that among the FGFR2b ligands, initial LG formation is dependent on the mesenchymal factors FGF10 and FGF7, and FGF1 is likely to function as an epithelial factor in the LG primordia. A single allele of Fgf10 was found to be insufficient to support the budding process during LG morphogenesis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1546-00962412026TeMPRA: advancing continuing professional development in pediatric rheumatology in JapanENHiroyukiWakiguchiDivision of General Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of MedicineKunioHashimotoDepartment of Pediatrics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesMasatoYashiroDepartment of Pediatrics, Okayama University HospitalKenichiNishimuraDepartment of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineTakasukeEbatoDepartment of Pediatrics, Kitasato UniversityKeijiAkamineDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical CenterYojiUejimaDivision of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Saitama Children’s Medical CenterTomomiSatoClinical Education Center for Physicians, Shiga University of Medical ScienceYuichiYamasakiDepartment of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University HospitalJunkoYasumuraDepartment of Pediatrics, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital Organization Futabanosato Prefectural HospitalFumikoOkazakiDepartment of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineToshitakaKizawaDepartment of Pediatrics, Japan Community Health Care Organization Sapporo Hokushin HospitalRyuheiYasuokaDepartment of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of MedicineTomoakiIshikawaDepartment of Pediatrics, Nara Medical UniversityTakeshiYamamotoDepartment of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of MedicineYujiFujitaDepartment of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical UniversityNaohiroItohDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of FukuiAsamiTakasakiDepartment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of ToyamaNodokaSakuraiDepartment of Pediatrics, NTT East Medical Center SapporoKazuoSuzukiSuzuki Kids ClinicTasukuTamaiDivision of General Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of MedicineNaokiHiranoDepartment of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita UniversityNamiOkamotoDepartment of Pediatrics, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and SafetyMasakiShimizuDepartment of Pediatrics, Perinatal and Maternal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science TokyoBackground In the context of the global shortage of pediatric rheumatologists, mid-career specialists who can play key roles in regional education, research, and clinical practice have become increasingly important. In Japan, the Team of Mid-career Pediatric Rheumatologists Alliance (TeMPRA) was founded in 2014 to support continuing professional development (CPD) and foster collaboration among mid-career pediatric rheumatologists. The aim of this study was to characterize the current status and future perspectives of the TeMPRA members.<br>
Methods In 2024, a cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted among all 37 active members of the TeMPRA across Japan. Data were collected on career trajectories, educational roles, research activities, clinical practices, and international engagement. Categorical variables were compared using appropriate statistical tests, with a significance level of 0.05.<br>
Results Responses were obtained from 35 members (response rate: 95%). Most respondents (71%) were affiliated with university hospitals, and 60% had > 10 years of experience in pediatric rheumatology. Compared with those working in community hospitals, respondents affiliated with university hospitals were significantly more likely to be involved in research activities (50% vs. 0%, P = 0.0261) and global professional contributions (88% vs. 0%, P < 0.0001). Overall, 54% of respondents were engaged in teaching students or early-career pediatric rheumatologists, while 43% were involved in clinical or basic research, most commonly focusing on juvenile idiopathic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Collectively, respondents were responsible for the care of 1,677 children with pediatric rheumatic diseases. While all respondents reported willingness to contribute to pediatric rheumatology at the regional level, 94% and 71% reported willingness to contribute at the national and global levels, respectively.<br>
Conclusions This nationwide survey highlights the substantial educational roles, research activities, and clinical practices of mid-career pediatric rheumatologists in Japan and suggests that the TeMPRA framework can serve as a valuable model for supporting CPD and workforce sustainability. Similar alliance-based approaches may be applicable in other countries facing comparable challenges in pediatric rheumatology.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama2589-00422892025Extensive urine production in euryhaline red stingray for adaptation to hypoosmotic environments113274ENNaotakaAburataniAtmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of TokyoWataruTakagiAtmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of TokyoMarty Kwok-ShingWongAtmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of TokyoNobuhiroOgawaAtmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of TokyoShigehiroKurakuDepartment of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of GeneticsManaSatoDepartment of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of GeneticsKazuhiroSaitoUshimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama UniversityWaichiroGodoUshimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama UniversityTatsuyaSakamotoUshimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama UniversitySusumuHyodoAtmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of TokyoMaintaining water balance is a prerequisite for all organisms. Euryhaline elasmobranchs face the severest water-influx potential in fresh water (FW), as they retain high concentrations of urea even in hypotonic environments. To elucidate how they overcome this osmotic challenge, we assessed urine output in conscious euryhaline red stingrays (Hemitrygon akajei). Following acclimation to 5% diluted seawater, the stingrays increased urinary output by 87-fold—the greatest change observed in vertebrates—partly due to 6.8-fold increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In the nephron, expressions of Aquaporin-1 (Aqp1), Aqp3, and Aqp15 were strongly downregulated in FW, indicating that tubular diuresis bridges the gap between GFR and final urine volume. Meanwhile, FW-acclimation upregulated Aqp1 and Aqp4 in the distinct bundle structure, which promotes urea reabsorption. Euryhaline elasmobranchs resolve the huge osmotic challenge of FW by excreting massive amounts of water and retaining osmolytes including urea through coordinated regulation of GFR and Aqp expressions.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama2352-5789592025Evaluation of platinum-free interval and chemotherapeutic effect of subsequent platinum-containing chemotherapy in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer initially treated with bevacizumab: SGSG018/Intergroup study101740ENTamakiTanakaDepartment of Perinatology and Gynecology, Kagawa University Graduate School of MedicineKazuhiroTakeharaDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, NHO Shikoku Cancer CenterTomokaUsamiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of MedicineMasakoIshikawaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of MedicineEijiKondoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineMasahiroKagabuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Iwate Medical UniversityKeiHirabayashiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, JCHO Tokuyama Central HospitalNoriomiMatsumuraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kindai University Faculty of MedicineShinyaSatoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Tottori UniversityMasatoNishimuraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokushima Prefectural Central HospitalAtsushiArakawaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya City University West Medical CenterKeiichiroNakamuraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYosukeKonnoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University HospitalSatoeFujiwaraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityKotaroSueokaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of MedicineHirokoNakamuraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NHO Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterIemasaKohDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima UniversityKimihikoItoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansai Rosai HospitalAtsushiHongoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansai Rosai HospitalObjective: The effect of bevacizumab on platinum sensitivity in recurrent ovarian cancer remains poorly understood. This study examined the association between platinum-free interval (PFI) and sensitivity to subsequent platinum-containing chemotherapy in patients with first relapsed ovarian cancer after bevacizumab chemotherapy.<br>
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy for platinum-sensitive recurrence between November 2013, and December 2019, and who were initially treated by platinum-based chemotherapy with concurrent and maintenance bevacizumab. The primary endpoint was response rate to subsequent chemotherapy after various periods of PFI. The relevance between response rate and PFI was assessed for each PFI of 6–12, 12–24 and ≧24 months using Cochran-Armitage test. The secondary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) defined as time from chemotherapy for first recurrence to subsequent progression and response rate to subsequent chemotherapy for each treatment-free interval since last administration of bevacizumab (Bev-TFI).<br>
Results: A total of 77 patients were eligible. The median PFI until first recurrence was 12 months (range: 6–43). The response rates of subsequent chemotherapy for patients with PFI of 6–12, ≥12-24, and 24 months were 42 %, 65 %, and 80 %, showing a linear trend (p < 0.05). Median PFS among the three groups was 8 (95 %CI: 6.7–9.2), 11 (95 %CI: 8.4–13.5) and 13 months (95 % CI: 5.4–20.5) (p = 0.107, log-rank test), respectively. By contrast, no linear trend was observed between Bev-TFI and response rate (p = 0.225)<br>
Conclusion: In patients with first relapse of primary ovarian cancer and bevacizumab beyond progression, the prolonged PFS effect of bevacizumab does not seem to affect sensitivity to subsequent platinum-based chemotherapy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama2589-5370802025Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone combined with high-dose methotrexate plus intrathecal chemotherapy for newly diagnosed intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (PRIMEUR-IVL): long-term results of a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial103078ENKazuyukiShimadaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineMotokoYamaguchiDepartment of Hematological Malignancies, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineYachiyoKuwatsukaDepartment of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University HospitalKoseiMatsueDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Internal Medicine, Kameda Medical CenterKeijiroSatoDepartment of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross HospitalShigeruKusumotoDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesHirokazuNagaiDepartment of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical CenterJunTakizawaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Niigata University Faculty of MedicineNorikoFukuharaDepartment of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University HospitalKojiNagafujiDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of MedicineKanaMiyazakiDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of MedicineEiichiOhtsukaDepartment of Hematology, Oita Prefectural HospitalAkinaoOkamotoDepartment of Hematology, Fujita Health University School of MedicineYasumasaSugitaDepartment of Hematology, Oami Municipal HospitalToshikiUchidaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini HospitalSatoshiKayukawaDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Nagoya Memorial HospitalAtsushiWakeDepartment of Hematology, Toranomon Hospital KajigayaDaisukeEnnishiDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalYukioKondoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Toyama Prefectural Central HospitalAkikoMeguroDivision of Hematology, Tochigi Cancer CenterYoshihiroKinDepartment of Hematology, Daini Osaka Police HospitalYosukeMinamiDepartment of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital EastDaigoHashimotoDepartment of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineTakahiroNishiyamaDivision of Hematology, Ichinomiya Municipal HospitalSatokoShimadaDepartment of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, Nagoya University HospitalYasufumiMasakiDepartment of Hematology and Immunology, Kanazawa Medical UniversityMasatakaOkamotoDepartment of Hematology, Fujita Health University School of MedicineYoshikoAtsutaJapanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell TransplantationHitoshiKiyoiDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineRitsuroSuzukiDepartment of HSCT Data Management and Biostatistics, Nagoya University School of MedicineShigeoNakamuraDepartment of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, Nagoya University HospitalTomohiroKinoshitaDepartment of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Aichi Cancer CenterBackground Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare type of extranodal large B-cell lymphoma for which prognosis is typically poor without a timely diagnosis. To explore the safety and efficacy of standard chemotherapy combined with central nervous system (CNS)-directed therapy, we conducted a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial in untreated IVLBCL patients without CNS involvement at diagnosis (PRIMEUR-IVL). In the primary analysis, the PRIMEUR-IVL study demonstrated 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 76% and 2-year overall survival (OS) of 92% with a low incidence (3%) of secondary CNS involvement (sCNSi).<br>
Methods We present a prespecified final analysis of the PRIMEUR-IVL study including 5-year PFS, OS and cumulative incidence of sCNSi. Participants were enrolled between June 2011 and July 2016, and the data cutoff date for the final analysis was 16 November 2021. The trial was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000005707) and the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs041180165).<br>
Findings With a median follow-up of 7.1 years (interquartile range 5.6–8.7), 5-year PFS in all 37 eligible patients was 68% (95% confidence interval [CI] 50%–80%) and OS was 78% (95% CI 61%–89%). No additional sCNSi was observed after the primary analysis. Severe adverse events after the primary analysis were grade 4 neutropenia (n = 1) and grade 4 myelodysplastic syndrome that did not require specific treatment (n = 1). Eight deaths occurred during the observation period after enrolment, due to primary disease (n = 6), sepsis (n = 1) and unknown sudden death (n = 1).<br>
Interpretation Long-term follow-up data demonstrated durable response for PFS and OS, and low cumulative incidence of sCNSi, indicating the efficacy of standard chemotherapy combined with CNS-directed therapy for untreated IVLBCL patients.<br>
Funding This study received financial support from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Center for Supporting Hematology-Oncology Studies, and National Cancer Center.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X8012026Effective Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Extensive Peritoneal Dissemination Using Lenvatinib6974ENShinyaWakatsukiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kochi Health Sciences CenterShinyaSakamotoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences CenterAkikoUenoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kochi Health Sciences CenterTakaomiNambaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kochi Health Sciences CenterYoritoYamamotoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kochi Health Sciences CenterManabuMatsumotoDepartment of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Health Sciences CenterJunIwataDepartment of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Health Sciences CenterTakehiroOkabayashiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences CenterCase Report10.18926/AMO/70075Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and extensive peritoneal dissemination generally have a poor prognosis and are often resistant to systemic therapy. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman with HCC and massive peritoneal dissemination who presented with malignant ascites requiring repeated cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy and peritoneovenous shunt placement, as well as malignant pleural effusion requiring pleurodesis. Combined immunotherapy with durvalumab/tremelimumab was initiated;however, disease progression was observed after three treatment courses, prompting a switch to lenvatinib therapy. Two months after initiation of lenvatinib, CT imaging demonstrated complete disappearance of arterial enhancement in the primary hepatic lesion, along with reduction in the size of peritoneal dissemination nodules. Thirteen months after switching to lenvatinib (16 months after the initial diagnosis), the alpha-fetoprotein level continued to decrease, and the disease remained stable under treatment. Despite the extremely high tumor burden, lenvatinib achieved disease stabilization and symptomatic improvement.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X8012026Development of a Stroke Discharge Support Evaluation Scale for Ward Nurses in Acute Care Hospitals1730ENHidekiYanoDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Human Health Sciences, Niimi UniversityYokoTakahataGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakeshiYamaguchiFaculty of Nursing, Shikoku UniversityShinyaSaitoGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/70069This study aimed to develop a scale enabling nurses to objectively evaluate their own stroke discharge support, as a basis for enhancing its overall effectiveness. A draft scale was created based on a literature review, and consisted of a 51-item, 5-point Likert-type questionnaire administered to ward nurses engaged in stroke discharge support at acute care hospitals. Factor analysis was performed to refine the scale. Construct validity was assessed using the known-groups method, and reliability was evaluated through internal consistency analysis. The resulting Stroke Discharge Support Evaluation Scale comprises 29 items across 5 factors, each rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Analysis of the data collected from 237 valid responses demonstrated good internal consistency and supported the scale’s construct validity. The Stroke Discharge Support Evaluation Scale is a reliable and valid tool enabling ward nurses in acute care hospitals to evaluate their own stroke discharge support.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671602025フッサールの発生的現象学に関する先行研究の整理と比較検討―― 方法論的問題を中心に ――5169ENDaisukeSATO10.18926/70020No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2168-81841732025Prospective Evaluation of the Safety and Compression Performance of Novel Compression Denim Jeans in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Lymphedemae80971ENDaikiOusakaDepartment of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKiyoshiYamadaDepartments of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNorikoSakanoDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSatoeKirinoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKazumasaMiyakeDepartment of Rehabilitation, Lymphedema Treatment Center, Kousei HospitalTakumiTakahashiDivision of Business Management, Matsuoka CorporationAkihiroMatsuokaDivision of Production Engineering, Matsuoka CorporationShintaroYamadaDivision of Sales, Kaihara CorporationAkiraShinaokaDepartment of Lymphatics and Edematology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSusumuOozawaDepartment of Clinical Safety, Okayama University HospitalObjectives: The treatment of lower-extremity lymphedema, whether congenital or acquired, remains challenging. Long-term management aimed at reducing complications and maximizing quality of life is essential. Compression stockings are crucial in this management; however, their application is limited by patient experience (ease of wear, texture, breathability, and appearance). This highlights the need to evaluate alternative compression garments that maintain therapeutic efficacy while improving patient adherence.<br>
Methods: We developed a novel compression denim product (Flow plus Jeans®) using advanced sewing technology. Its baseline performance (compression ability) was evaluated by measuring pressure gradients at three points (ankle, calf, and thigh) using a mannequin-based compression testing system and compared with those of existing stockings. Thereafter, a safety assessment was conducted on healthy volunteers to evaluate potential adverse effects, including changes in lower limb circumference, signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) via ultrasound, and skin complications. A clinical trial in patients with lymphedema was then performed to compare its efficacy with that of conventional compression stockings.<br>
Results: Baseline performance testing with a mannequin revealed that Flow plus Jeans demonstrated compression levels and pressure gradients at three calf points comparable to those of standard compression stockings. A safety study involving nine healthy volunteers confirmed that Flow plus Jeans caused no significant changes in lower-limb circumferences after three days of wear, with no cases of DVT or skin complications. In a subsequent clinical trial involving nine female patients with lymphedema, the jeans showed non-inferiority to existing stockings concerning lower-limb circumference measurements at six points (pre-use vs. six months post-use), with patient-reported experiences assessed via questionnaires. Notably, patients reported enhanced satisfaction regarding the jeans' fashionability, which could serve as an incentive for long-term adherence.<br>
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Flow plus Jeans represent a promising novel option for the long-term management of lymphedema, offering an alternative that balances medical efficiency with improved patient satisfaction and demonstrates safety in healthy individuals.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japanese Association of Rehabilitation MedicineActa Medica Okayama2432-1354102025Reliability and Validity of the Japanese Perme ICU Mobility Score: An Initial Psychometric Evaluation20250037ENShoKatayamaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University HospitalTomohiroIkedaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University HospitalNobutoNakanishiDepartment of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe UniversityHajimeKatsukawaDepartment of Scientific Research, Japanese Society for Early MobilizationRicardo KenjiNawaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinChristianePermeDepartment of Rehabilitation Services, Houston Methodist HospitalToshifumiOzakiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesMasanoriHamadaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University HospitalIkumiSatoAcademic Field of Health Science, Okayama UniversitySatoshiHirohataAcademic Field of Health Science, Okayama UniversityObjectives : The Perme ICU Mobility Score is widely used to assess functional status, but no version of this assessment tool has been validated for use in Japan. This study aimed to translate the Perme Score into Japanese and evaluate its reliability and validity.<br>
Methods : Following forward–backward translation, the Japanese Perme Score was tested at ICU discharge. Inter-rater reliability was examined using weighted kappa coefficient. Construct validity was assessed through correlations with the Medical Research Council Sum Score (MRC-SS), Functional Status Score for the ICU (FSS-ICU), and ICU Mobility Scale (IMS). Predictive validity for activities of daily living (ADL) independence (Barthel Index ≥ 85) and discharge destination was evaluated using Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Floor and ceiling effects were also analyzed.<br>
Results : In 69 patients, the Japanese Perme Score showed high inter-rater reliability (κ=0.83). It showed moderate correlation with FSS-ICU (rho=0.61) and IMS (rho=0.73), and it showed weak correlation with MRC-SS (rho=0.36). Predictive validity for ADL independence and home discharge yielded AUCs of 0.76 and 0.73, respectively. A ceiling effect was noted in 10% of cases, with no floor effect.<br>
Conclusions: The Japanese Perme Score is a reliable, valid instrument for evaluating physical function at ICU discharge.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Oxford University Press (OUP)Acta Medica Okayama0305-104853222025eIF2D promotes 40S ribosomal subunit recycling during intrinsic ribosome destabilizationgkaf1322ENKazuyaIchiharaDivision of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityTaichiShiraishiDivision of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityYuheiChadaniFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYukiKitoDivision of Cell Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu UniversityChisaShiraishiDivision of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityMinaHirataDivision of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityYutaTakahashiDivision of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityAkinaoKoboSchool of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science TokyoAtsushiHatanoDepartment of Omics and Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata UniversityMasakiMatsumotoDepartment of Omics and Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata UniversityKodaiMachidaGraduate School of Engineering, University of HyogoHiroakiImatakaGraduate School of Engineering, University of HyogoAtsushiToyodaAdvanced Genomics Center, National Institute of GeneticsEmiMishiro-SatoInstitute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya UniversityTakayukiNojimaMedical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu UniversityTakuhiroItoLaboratory for Translation Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical SciencesHidekiTaguchiSchool of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo Keiichi INakayamaDivision of Cell Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu UniversityAkinobuMatsumotoDivision of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya UniversityAlthough eukaryotic initiation factor 2D (eIF2D) is implicated in translation initiation, reinitiation, and ribosome recycling, its precise role remains unclear. Here, we show that eIF2D promotes 40S ribosome recycling during intrinsic ribosome destabilization (IRD), a process in which ribosomes stochastically destabilize while translating proteins with consecutive acidic amino acids at their NH2-terminus. Unrecycled 40S ribosomes accumulate in eIF2D-deficient cells, leading to 80S ribosome stalling. Selective translation complex profiling (TCP-seq) reveals that eIF2D preferentially associates with IRD-prone regions. The winged helix domain, unique to eIF2D but absent in MCTS1–DENR, enhances its binding to 40S subunits, but likely clashes with ABCE1 during stop-codon-associated recycling. Loss of eIF2D reduces the expression of IRD-inducing proteins, including splicing factors. Together, these findings define a previously unappreciated role for eIF2D in 40S recycling and clarify its mechanistic divergence from the MCTS1–DENR complex.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7962025Ileus Tube-Related Intussusception: A Case Report and Review of 80 Previously Reported Cases469474ENTeruyukiTsujiiDepartment of Surgery, Matsuda HospitalTatsuoMatsudaDepartment of Surgery, Matsuda HospitalYujiKimuraDepartment of Surgery, Matsuda HospitalRyoichiKatsubeDepartment of Surgery, Matsuda HospitalHironoriIwadouDepartment of Surgery, Matsuda HospitalSadamiFunabikiDepartment of Surgery, Matsuda HospitalYasuakiKamikawaDepartment of Surgery, Matsuda HospitalTadakazuMatsudaDepartment of Surgery, Matsuda HospitalCase Report10.18926/AMO/69851We report a rare case of ileus tube-related intussusception in an adult. A 56-year-old man with adhesive bowel obstruction was treated with a nasointestinal ileus tube. Although his condition initially improved, persistent abdominal pain led to the diagnosis of intussusception via CT imaging. Manual repositioning of the tube resolved the intussusception without the need for bowel resection. A review of 80 previously reported cases of ileus tube-associated intussusception (total 81 cases, 95 lesions) highlighted the timing of onset, treatment strategies, and precautions. Early detection and diagnosis are crucial to prevent severe complications and preserve bowel function.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7962025Perioperative Team Management Was Beneficially Associated with Prolonged Postoperative Hospital Stays after Long Lower-Abdominal Surgeries445449ENJunyaMatsumiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/69847Our hospital began a PERIO program (perioperative patient management by a multi-disciplinary team from multiple departments) in 2016 to improve patient outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical effects of the PERIO program regarding the postoperative hospital stay (PHS) in the patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent long lower-abdominal surgery at our hospital during the period April 2019 to March 2023. We excluded the cases of patients whose general anesthesia use was < 8 h, those for whom another surgery was performed simultaneously at another site, and emergency surgeries. The outcome was prolonged PHS, defined as exceeding the scheduled number of days specified in the patient’s clinical pathway. Among the 480 patients, prolonged PHS was observed for 270 patients (56.3%). In a multivariate logistic regression using advanced age, sex, high-risk general state, surgery requiring colon resection, serious adverse events (SAEs), and PERIO use, the following were associated with prolonged PHS: advance age (odds ratio [OR] 4.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.68-8.99, p=0.01), surgery requiring colon resection (OR 4.91, 95%CI: 2.68-8.99, p<0.001), SAE (OR 18.7, 95%CI: 7.22-48.2, p<0.001), and PERIO (OR 0.25, 95%CI: 0.13-0.47, p<0.001). The use of the PERIO program was thus beneficially associated with PHS after long lower-abdominal surgery.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7962025Frailty at 1 Month before ICU Admission Poses a Hospital Mortality Risk in Cancer Survivors whose Condition Has Deteriorated due to Medical Factors437444ENJunyaMatsumiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalTetsufumiSatoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, National Cancer Center HospitalOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/69846The optimal indications for intensive care unit (ICU) treatment for critically ill cancer survivors whose condition has deteriorated due to medical factors are unclear. To test our hypothesis that frailty before deterioration was associated with hospital mortality in this patient population, we retrospective analyzed the cases of the patients admitted to the ICU at the National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan (April 2014-March 2022). We excluded patients who underwent surgery within 28 days or were denied critical care within 24 h or admitted after cardiopulmonary arrest. Their Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) scores at 1 month before ICU admission (Pre-ICU) were obtained. Frailty was defined as CFS scores ≥4 points. We analyzed 298 admissions and observed that the mortality rate at hospital discharge was significantly higher in the frailty group (n=119). A multivariate analysis demonstrated that the following factors were significantly associated with hospital mortality: Pre-ICU frailty (OR 2.00, 95%CI: 1.19-3.36, p=0.009), cancer type (hematological: OR 2.93, 95%CI: 1.42-6.05, p=0.004), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at ICU admission (OR 0.88, 95%CI: 0.82-0.95, p=0.0008). Frailty retrospectively assessed using the CFS at 1 month pre-ICU admission is a risk factor for hospital mortality in these cancer survivors.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7962025Effects of Thoron Inhalation and Cyclosporin A Treatment on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Oxidative Damage in Mice421429ENAyumiTanakaGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityShotaNaoeGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityReijuTakenakaGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityNorieKanzakiNingyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy AgencyAkihiroSakodaNingyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy AgencyKiyonoriYamaokaFaculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakahiroKataokaFaculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/69844Radon (222Rn; Rn) and thoron (220Rn; Tn) inhalation have been reported to enhance antioxidant activity in various organs. However, the effects of Tn on the colon have not been investigated. This study aimed to clarify the effects of Tn inhalation, alone and in combination with cyclosporin A (CsA), on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, and the accompanying oxidative stress, in mice. Male BALB/c mice were subjected to continuous 8-day Tn inhalation (c-Tn, 533±128 Bq/m3) or alternate-day Tn inhalation over the same period (f-Tn, 577±63Bq/m3), followed by treatment with 3% DSS and either CsA or vehicle for 7 days. Although the disease activity index (DAI) decreased significantly by day 2 in the c-Tn group, scores remained significantly higher than those in the f-Tn group. In the c-Tn group, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in the colon were significantly elevated compared with those in sham controls. Thus, DSS-induced damage was effectively inhibited in the earlier stages by the c-Tn mode of inhalation than by the f-Tn mode. These findings suggest that continuous Tn inhalation more effectively attenuated early colitis symptoms than alternate-day inhalation, potentially through upregulation of antioxidant defenses. Tn and CsA showed no combined effects.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama0732-889311432026Molecular epidemiological investigation of the carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales isolates in Okayama prefecture, Japan117209ENShumaTsujiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesShinnosukeFukushimaDepartment of Bacteriology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKazuyoshiGotohDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesKojiIioMicrobiology Division, Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University HospitalMayuSatoDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama City HospitalYasurouInoueDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama City HospitalSayakaSakitaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama Rosai HospitalTomokoFudeyasuDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Microbiology Division, Tsuyama Chuo HospitalFumioOtsukaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University HospitalHideharuHagiyaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University HospitalWe investigated the genetic characteristics of non-IMP type carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales isolates detected in Japan. The isolates were found to carry diverse plasmids with high sequence similarity to those previously reported in other countries, underscoring the critical imperative for comprehensive nationwide epidemiological surveillance for the silent pandemic of the nightmare pathogen.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama1424-39032572025Efficacy of diagnosing intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with mural nodules by contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound using time–intensity curve analysis with a new support program: A multicenter retrospective study (with video)11031108ENKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYosukeSaragaiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City HospitalTsuneyoshiOgawaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City HospitalToruUekiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Fukuyama City HospitalKeiHaradaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalNaoHattoriDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalTaisukeObataDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalHiroyukiTerasawaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalSoichiroUemotoBusiness Strategy Division, Ryobi Systems Co., Ltd.TakayoshiTanimotoBusiness Strategy Division, Ryobi Systems Co., Ltd.AkimitsuOhtoBusiness Strategy Division, Ryobi Systems Co., Ltd.MotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalBackground/objectives: Preoperative diagnosis of the pathological grade of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound (CE-EUS) using time–intensity curve (TIC) analysis with a newly developed support program to differentiate between low-grade dysplasia (LGD) and high-grade dysplasia (HGD)/invasive carcinoma (IC) in IPMN.<br>
Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 32 patients who underwent CE-EUS using the support program for TIC analysis and IPMN resection (LGD: 17, HGD/IC: 15) at two medical centers. The TIC parameters of mural nodules (MN) were compared between the LGD and HGD/IC groups, and the diagnostic accuracies of the TIC parameters were evaluated.<br>
Results: The MN/pancreatic parenchyma contrast ratio was significantly higher in the HGD/IC group than in the LGD group (1.53 vs. 0.99; P < 0.0001), and the diagnostic abilities of the contrast ratio were as follows: sensitivity, 67 %; specificity, 100 %; and accuracy, 84 %. There were no differences in the echo intensity reduction rate of the MNs between the two groups (HGD/IC, 61.6 vs. 61.2, 0.99; P = 0.421), and the diagnostic abilities of the reduction rate were as follows: sensitivity, 93 %; specificity, 41 %; and accuracy, 66 %.<br>
Conclusions: The contrast ratio calculated using TIC analysis with the support program is potentially useful for differentiating between IPMNs with LGD and those with HGD/IC.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Informa UK LimitedActa Medica Okayama2766-0400512025Linking structure and process in dendritic growth using persistent homology with energy analysis2475735ENMisatoToneDepartment of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of ScienceShunsukeSatoDepartment of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of ScienceSotaroKuniiDepartment of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of ScienceIppeiObayashiCenter for Artificial Intelligence and Mathematical Data Science, Okayama UniversityYasuakiHiraokaKyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto UniversityYuiOgawaNTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT CorporationHirokazuFukidomeResearch Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku UniversityAlexandre LiraFoggiattoDepartment of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of ScienceChiharuMitsumataDepartment of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of ScienceRyunosukeNagaokaDepartment of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of ScienceArpitaVaradwajDepartment of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of ScienceIwaoMatsudaInstitute for Solid State Physics, The University of TokyoMasatoKotsugiDepartment of Material Science and Technology, Tokyo University of ScienceWe present a material analysis method that links structure and process in dendritic growth using explainable machine learning approaches. We employed persistent homology (PH) to quantitatively characterize the morphology of dendritic microstructures. By using interpretable machine learning with energy analysis, we established a robust relationship between structural features and Gibbs free energy. Through a detailed analysis of how Gibbs free energy evolves with morphological changes in dendrites, we uncovered specific conditions that influence the branching of dendritic structures. Moreover, energy gradient analysis based on morphological feature provides a deeper understanding of the branching mechanisms and offers a pathway to optimize thin-film growth processes. Integrating topology and free energy enables the optimization of a range of materials from fundamental research to practical applications.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Application of intratympanic steroid injection as salvage therapy for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing lossENYasutoshiKOMATSUBARAGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Single-cell and spatial characterization of plasmablast-like lymphoma cells in primary central nervous system lymphomaENHirokiKOBAYASHIGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231902025令和６年度岡山御津高等学校「キャリア実習」における家庭科授業の実践と検討157169ENFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityChikaHASEGAWAOkayama Mitsu Senior High School10.18926/bgeou/69619 本実践研究は，「高等学校の教育課程」の「エ 学校特設科目及び学校設定教科」の中で，岡山県立岡山御津高等学校が独自に設定している教科「総合」の中の一科目「キャリア実習」に焦点を当て，令和６年度に実施した地域協働系列２年次の「キャリア実習」における家庭科授業を分析・評価し，令和７年度に地域協働系列３年次生が履修する「キャリア実習」の在り方を検討すると共に，本校の家庭科の学びについて考えるための示唆を得ることを目的とした。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Frontiers Media SAActa Medica Okayama1664-3224162025A pilot transcriptomic study of a novel multitargeted BRT regimen for anti–MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis: improving survival over conventional therapy1568338ENMoeTokunagaDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYuNakaiDivision of Rheumatology, Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalYoshiharuSatoDNA Chip Research Inc., Medical LaboratoryMitoriHiratsukaDNA Chip Research Inc., Medical LaboratoryYoshinoriMatsumotoDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakeshiNakatsueDivision of Rheumatology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nagaoka Red Cross HospitalTakakoSaekiDivision of Rheumatology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nagaoka Red Cross HospitalTakatsuneUmayaharaDivision of Dermatology, Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalJunWadaDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshinobuKoyamaDivision of Rheumatology, Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalBackground: Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis (MDA5-DM) is associated with severe outcomes, primarily due to rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD), which is often refractory to standard therapies such as calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., tacrolimus) combined with cyclophosphamide (TC-Tx). This study evaluated the efficacy of a novel multitargeted regimen combining baricitinib, rituximab, and tacrolimus (BRT-Tx) in improving survival outcomes for MDA5-DM patients with poor prognostic factors.<br>
Methods: Fourteen MDA5-DM patients with multiple adverse prognostic factors were studied. Seven received the BRT-Tx regimen, and the remaining seven, previously treated with TC-Tx, served as historical controls. Twelve-month survival was assessed. Transcriptome analysis was performed for six patients (BRT=3, TC=3), beginning with cluster analysis to evaluate whether changes in peripheral blood gene expression varied according to treatment or prognosis. Gene ontology analysis characterized expression profiles in survivors and distinguished treatment effects. Alterations in the type I, II, and III interferon signatures were also assessed.<br>
Results: In the TC-Tx group, four of seven patients succumbed to RP-ILD, whereas all seven BRT-Tx patients survived the 12-month observation period. Only one BRT-Tx patient required combined rescue therapies, including plasma exchange, and one case of unexplained limbic encephalitis (LE) occurred. Cytomegalovirus reactivation was observed in both groups (BRT: 5/7; TC: 6/7). Transcriptomic analysis revealed no treatment-specific clustering of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) before and after therapy. However, survivors and nonsurvivors formed distinct clusters, with survivors showing significant posttreatment suppression of B-cell-related gene expression. Moreover, interferon signature scores were significantly lower after treatment in survivors than in nonsurvivors. BRT-Tx effectively suppressed B-cell-mediated immune responses and maintained a low interferon signature, while TC-Tx resulted in nonspecific gene suppression, and in nonsurvivors, an elevated interferon signature was observed.<br>
Conclusion: BRT-Tx has the potential to improve survival in MDA5-DM patients by effectively targeting hyperactive immune pathways. The combination of rituximab and tacrolimus is expected to disrupt B-cell–T-cell interactions and reduce autoantibody production, whereas baricitinib may suppress both IFN and GM-CSF signaling, regulating excessive autoimmunity mediated by cells such as macrophages. Unlike TC-Tx, BRT-Tx avoids cyclophosphamide-associated risks such as infertility and secondary malignancies. Future randomized controlled trials are warranted to validate its efficacy and safety.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama1092-9134812026The diagnostic utility and frequency of CD56 expression in plasma cell myeloma152587ENMidoriImaiDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesTomokaHaratakeDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesRioYamadaDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesSyomaKatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMizuhaTabeDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesHiroyukiYanaiDepartment of Diagnostic Pathology, Okayama University HospitalHidetakaYamamotoDepartment of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesPlasma cell myeloma (PCM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by systemic proliferation of neoplastic plasma cells within the bone marrow. Diagnosis requires clinical findings and immunohistochemical staining, including CD138, CD79a, cyclin D1, immunoglobulin κ (Igκ), and λ (Igλ). However, CD79a and cyclin D1 have limited sensitivity and specificity, and Igκ/Igλ assessment is often difficult due to overstaining. Therefore, more reliable antibodies are needed to accurately diagnose PCM. In this study, we examined the diagnostic utility of CD56 expression in PCM. We retrospectively performed immunostaining for CD138, CD56, CD79a, cyclin D1, Igκ, and Igλ in bone marrow samples from 116 patients with PCM.<br>
CD56 expression was observed in 85/116 cases (73.3 %), CD79a was downregulated in 46/116 cases (39.7 %), and cyclin D1 expression was observed in 42/116 cases (36.2 %). The expression of CD56 was significantly higher than that of CD79a and cyclin D1 (both p < 0.001). The combination of two antibodies resulted in the highest detection rate when combining CD56 and CD79a (105/116, 90.5 %), which was significantly higher than the detection rates of CD56 and cyclin D1 (93/116, 80.2 %) and CD79a and cyclin D1 (75/116, 64.7 %) (both p < 0.001). In contrast, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma lacked CD56 and cyclin D1 expression. Furthermore, in cases where light chain restriction was undetectable (11/116, 9.5 %), all could be diagnosed as PCM based on CD56, CD79a, and cyclin D1. Among these, CD56 showed the highest detection rate (8/11, 72.7 %).<br>
These findings highlight CD56 as a helpful marker for PCM diagnosis and support further clinical research.<br>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2399-3669812025Synthesis of thienoacenes by electrochemical double C–S cyclization using a halogen mediator366ENKoichiMitsudoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTakuyaNagaharaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNozomiKatauraDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYukaOkamuraDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTokiYonezawaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYuriTachibanaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNolanSouliéFaculty of Science and Engineering, Sorbonne UniversitéKeisukeShigemoriDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityEisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHirokiMandaiDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gifu University of Medical ScienceSeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityThienoacenes are significant compounds as organic materials. One of the most efficient ways to synthesize thienoacenes is to form multiple C–S bonds in a single step. Because unprotected S–H bonds are easily oxidized to S–S bonds, S-Me protected substrates are commonly used for the purpose. However, their reactivity is insufficient, and one-step construction of multiple C–S bonds is still challenging. We herein report the electrochemical synthesis of thienoacenes from S-methoxymethyl (MOM)-protected diarylacetylenes. In the presence of Bu4NBr as a halogen mediator, electrochemical double C–S cyclization of diarylacetylenes bearing two MOM groups proceeded to afford [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) derivatives. While S-Me or S-p-methoxybenzyl (PMB)-protected diarylacetylenes did not afford BTBT, BTBT was selectively obtained when a substrate protected with S-MOM groups was used. The S-MOM protection strategy is also effective for the electrochemical synthesis of a more π-expanded thienoacene such as dibenzo[d,d′]thieno[3,2-b,4,5-b′]dithiophene (DBTDT).No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama1354-523X2025The Role of the Mylohyoid Line in the Spread of Mandibular Odontogenic Deep Neck InfectionENEijiIwataDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKyoichiObataDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityShogoKikutaDental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of MedicineNaokiKanekoSection of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu UniversityKotaroSatoDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University, Graduate School of MedicineNorioKitagawaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science TokyoYoheiTakeshitaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKatsuhisaMatsuoDental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of MedicineJunseiSameshimaSection of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu UniversityAkiraTachibanaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kakogawa Central City HospitalShintaroKawanoSection of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu UniversityJingoKusukawaDental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of MedicineMasayaAkashiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe UniversitySoichiroIbaragiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityJoeIwanagaDental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of MedicineIntroduction: Although mandibular odontogenic deep neck infections are occasionally fatal, the transmission pathway has not been elucidated.<br>
Materials and Methods: This multicenter retrospective study was comprised of the patients of both sexes who were over 18 years of age and who had mandibular odontogenic deep neck abscesses. The patients' characteristics, laboratory tests, and radiographic findings were analyzed.<br>
Results: One hundred eighteen patients with mandibular odontogenic deep neck abscesses were included. Bone resorption superior to the mylohyoid line and the related abscess formation in submandibular space or submental space were both significantly associated with the presence of sublingual space abscess. In addition, the type of causative tooth was not a risk factor for abscess formation in both the sublingual space and “submandibular or submental” space.<br>
Conclusions: When an odontogenic lesion is located superior to the mylohyoid line, the abscess tends to initially form in the sublingual space and subsequently spread to the submandibular or submental space. Since any mandibular tooth can lead to abscess formation in these regions, oral and maxillofacial surgeons should carefully assess the anatomical position of the lesion and accurately identify the causative tooth.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPI AGActa Medica Okayama1999-492317112025Development of Propofol-Encapsulated Liposomes and the Effect of Intranasal Administration on Bioavailability in Rabbits1446ENHitomiUjitaDepartment of Dental Anesthesiology, Okayama University HospitalHitoshiHiguchiDepartment of Dental Anesthesiology, Okayama University HospitalYukikoNishiokaDepartment of Dental Anesthesiology, Okayama University HospitalSakiMiyakeDepartment of Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesRikoSatoDepartment of Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakuyaMiyawakiDepartment of Dental Anesthesiology and Special Care Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesBackground/Objectives: Propofol is frequently used as an intravenous anesthetic and is rapidly metabolized. Therefore, if it could be administered non-invasively (e.g., orally) as premedication, it might hasten emergence from anesthesia, thereby improving patient safety. However, it undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver and intestines, limiting the route for premedication. We evaluated whether intranasal delivery of a propofol-encapsulated liposome solution improves systemic exposure and bioavailability in rabbits. Methods: A propofol-encapsulated liposome solution was administered to rabbits via the intravenous, oral, and intranasal routes. Blood propofol concentrations were measured for up to 60 min after administration and the area under the concentration–time curve (AUC0–60) and bioavailability of the propofol-encapsulated liposome solution were compared with those of the non-encapsulated propofol formulation. The differences were tested by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Šidák’s post hoc multiple-comparisons test and the Mann–Whitney test (α = 0.05). Results: The AUC0–60 for blood propofol concentrations after intravenous administration was significantly higher with the propofol-encapsulated liposome solution than with the non-encapsulated propofol formulation (3038.8 ± 661.5 vs. 1929.8 ± 58.2 ng·min/mL; p = 0.0286). By contrast, no increase in blood propofol concentrations was observed after oral administration, whereas intranasal administration increased blood propofol concentrations and yielded significantly higher bioavailability compared with the non-encapsulated propofol formulation (16.4 ± 7.3% vs. 2.0 ± 1.2%; p = 0.0286). Conclusions: The findings of the present study suggest that intranasal liposomal propofol increased systemic availability compared with a non-encapsulated formulation, supporting further evaluation as a candidate premedication approach for propofol.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Microbiology SocietyActa Medica Okayama0022-131710672025Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Fungal and Protist Viruses Subcommittee, 2025002115ENSeadSabanadzovicInstitute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State UniversityChantalAbergelInformation Génomique & Structurale, UMR7256, CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, IMM, IM2B, IOMMarı́a A.AyllónDepartamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)LeticiaBotellaForest Protection and Wildlife Management Mendel University in BrnoMartaCanutiDepartment of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of CopenhagenYutoChibaSchool of Agriculture, Meiji UniversityJean-MichelClaverieInformation Génomique & Structurale, UMR7256, CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, IMM, IM2B, IOMRobert H.A.CouttsSchool of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of HertfordshireStefaniaDaghinoInstitute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of ItalyLiviaDonaireCentro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSICMarcoForgiaInstitute for Sustainable Plant Protection, CNROndřejHejnaDepartment of Genetics and Biotechnologies, University of South BohemiaJichunJiaCollege of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural UniversityDaohongJiangCollege of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityIolyKotta-LoizouSchool of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of HertfordshireMartKrupovicInstitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Archaeal Virology UnitAndrew S.LangDepartment of Biology, Memorial University of NewfoundlandMatthieuLegendreInformation Génomique & Structurale, UMR7256, CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, IMM, IM2B, IOMShin-YiLee MarzanoUnited States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Application Technology Research UnitLucaNervaCouncil for Agricultural Research and Economics - Research Centre for Viticulture and EnologyJuditPénzesDepartment of Entomology, Texas A&M UniversityAnnaPoimalaNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)SofiaRigouInformation Génomique & Structurale, UMR7256, CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, IMM, IM2B, IOMYukiyoSatoDepartment of Biology, Institute for Plant Sciences, University of CologneWajeehaShamsiDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityNobuhiroSuzukiInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityMassimoTurinaDepartment of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, The University of JordanSyun-ichiUrayamaDepartment of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of TsukubaEeva J.VainioNatural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)JiataoXieCollege of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityThe Fungal and Protist Viruses Subcommittee (SC) of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has received a total of eight taxonomic proposals for the 2024 annual cycle. The extent of proposed changes varied, including nomenclatural updates, creation of new taxa and reorganization of established taxa. Following the ICTV procedures, all proposals were reviewed and voted upon by the members of the Executive Committee with ratification in March 2025. As a result, a total of 52 species in the families Botourmiaviridae and Marnaviridae were renamed to comply with the mandated binomial format. A new genus has been added to the dsRNA virus family Amalgaviridae, while two new families, Splipalmiviridae (Wolframvirales) and Mycoalphaviridae (Hepelivirales), were created to classify new groups of positive-sense (+) RNA mycoviruses. The class Arfiviricetes (Cressdnaviricota) was expanded by a new order Lineavirales and a new family Oomyviridae of ssDNA viruses. Additionally, a new class Orpoviricetes was created in the kingdom Orthornavirae to classify a group of bisegmented (+)RNA viruses reported from fungi and oomycetes. Finally, the order Pimascovirales was reorganized to better depict evolutionary relationships of pithoviruses and related viruses with large dsDNA genomes. The summary of updates in the taxonomy of fungal and protist viruses presented here is limited to taxa within the remit of this Subcommittee. For information on taxonomy changes on other fungal viruses closely related to animal and/or plant viruses, please see reports from sister ICTV Subcommittees (i.e. Plant Virus SC and Animal dsRNA and ssRNA(−) Viruses SC).No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1618-12472025Admission prognostic nutritional index predicts prolonged hospitalization in severe odontogenic deep neck infectionsENEijiIwataDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKyoichiObataDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityShogoKikutaDental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of MedicineNaokiKanekoSection of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu UniversityKotaroSatoDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNorioKitagawaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science TokyoYoheiTakeshitaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineKatsuhisaMatsuoDental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of MedicineJunseiSameshimaSection of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu UniversityAkiraTachibanaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kakogawa Central City HospitalShintaroKawanoSection of Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu UniversityJingoKusukawaDental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of MedicineMasayaAkashiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of MedicineJoeIwanagaDental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of MedicineSoichiroIbaragiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityObjectives Severe odontogenic deep neck infections (DNIs) can be life threatening. This study investigated the nutritional status of affected patients and evaluated the usefulness of the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) at admission in helping maxillofacial surgeons identify, at presentation, those likely to require extended hospitalization.<br>
Methods A total of 112 patients treated for odontogenic deep neck abscesses and necrotizing soft tissue infections at five hospitals in Japan. Patients were included. Patients were categorized by length of hospitalization duration and factors associated with prolonged hospitalization were analyzed using propensity score matching to minimize bias. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was also performed to assess the relationship between PNI and hospitalization duration.<br>
Results Fifty patients (44.6%) required hospitalization for more than 14 days. Multivariate analysis identified PNI ≤ 41.2 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.79) and the presence of abscesses in multiple deep neck spaces (OR = 2.76) as significant predictors of prolonged hospitalization. Propensity score analysis confirmed the significant association between PNI and length of hospitalization duration (P = 0.048). In addition, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was r = − 0.471 (P < 0.001), indicating a moderate negative correlation.<br>
Conclusion The admission PNI may serve as a useful adjunctive indicator for predicting prolonged hospitalization in patients with severe odontogenic DNIs, as it reflects both nutritional status and systemic inflammation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.American Chemical Society (ACS)Acta Medica Okayama0002-78632025Optogenetic Cancer Therapy Using the Light-Driven Outward Proton Pump Rhodopsin Archaerhodopsin-3 (AR3)ENShinNakaoGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKeiichiKojimaGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKeitaSatoGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNaoyaKemmotsuGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHideyoOhuchiGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYosukeTogashiGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYukiSudoGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityMedicines used for cancer treatment often cause serious side effects by damaging normal cells due to nonspecific diffusion. To address this issue, we previously developed an optical method to induce apoptotic cell death via intracellular pH alkalinization using the outward proton pump rhodopsin, Archaerhodopsin-3 (AR3) in various noncancer model cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we applied this method to cancer cells and tumors to evaluate its potential as an anticancer therapeutic strategy. First, we confirmed that AR3-expressing murine cancer cell lines (MC38, B16F10) showed apoptotic cell death upon green light irradiation, as indicated by increased levels of cell death and apoptosis-related markers. Next, we established stable AR3-expressing MC38 and B16F10 cells by using viral vectors. When these AR3-expressing cells were subcutaneously transplanted into C57BL/6 mice, the resulting tumors initially grew at a rate comparable to that of control tumors lacking AR3 expression or light stimulation. However, upon green light irradiation, AR3-expressing tumors exhibited either a marked reduction in size or significantly suppressed growth, accompanied by the induction of apoptosis signals and decreased proliferation signals. These results demonstrate that AR3-mediated cell death has potent antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo. This optical method thus holds promise as a novel cancer therapy with potentially reduced side effects.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama0929-19032025ATPase copper transporting beta contributes to cisplatin resistance as a regulatory factor of extracellular vesicles in head and neck squamous cell carcinomaENTatsuoOgawaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKishoOnoDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityShojiRyumonDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHotakaKawaiDepartment of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKoheiSatoDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKokiUmemoriDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKunihiroYoshidaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKyoichiObataDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYukiKunisadaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTatsuoOkuiDepartment of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima UniversityKuniakiOkamotoDepartment of Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHitoshiNagatsukaDepartment of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityFatemehMomen-HeraviDepartment of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San FranciscoSoichiroIbaragiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityCisplatin (CDDP) resistance remains a major clinical challenge in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). Our group identified ATPase copper transporting beta (ATP7B) as a mediator of CDDP resistance through its role in drug efflux and small extracellular vesicle (sEV) secretion. Herein, we uncovered a novel mechanism by which ATP7B regulates sEV dynamics and the intercellular transmission of CDDP resistance. Using transcriptomic analyses of HNSC datasets, we demonstrate that ATP7B expression correlates with endocytosis- and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene sets and with elevated levels of EV-associated proteins. CDDP-resistant HNSC cells exhibited upregulated ATP7B, Rab5/Rab7, and preferentially secreted HSP90- and EpCAM-rich sEVs. These sEVs were leading to increased ATP7B expression and reduced CDDP sensitivity in recipient cells. A pharmacological inhibition of sEV biogenesis with GW4869 suppressed ATP7B and Atox1 expressions, inhibited late endosome maturation, and significantly enhanced CDDP-induced apoptosis in HNSC cells. In vivo, GW4869 reduced the sEV protein content and ATP7B expression in xenograft tumors. These findings establish that ATP7B is a critical modulator of sEV cargo and resistance propagation. Our results highlight a previously unrecognized ATP7B–sEV axis driving chemoresistance and identify sEV inhibition as a promising strategy to overcome therapeutic failure in HNSC.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7952025The Utility of a Preoperative 3D Imaging Analysis System for Trigonal Meningioma387392ENYusukeMoriDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshihiroOtaniDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyoOmaeDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShuichiroHiranoDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJojiIshidaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKentaroFujiiDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJunHarumaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMasafumiHiramatsuDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshiMatsushitaDivision of Radiological Technology, Okayama University HospitalFumiyoHigakiDepartment of Radiology, Medical Development Field, Okayama UniversityKenjiSugiuDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShotaTanakaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesCase Report10.18926/AMO/69440Trigonal meningiomas are rare and pose surgical challenges due to their deep location and proximity to critical neuroanatomical structures. We present the case of a 67-year-old woman with a growing trigonal meningioma successfully resected with guidance by a preoperative 3D imaging analysis system. Integration of CT and MRI including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) enabled precise mapping of the optic radiation, guiding a middle temporal gyrus approach. Preoperative embolization reduced tumor vascularity, facilitating gross total resection with minimal blood loss. This case highlights the effectiveness of preoperative 3D imaging systems in optimizing surgical planning and improving outcomes in complex neurosurgical cases.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7952025Immunoglobulin G4-related Disease Mimicking Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus381385ENAtsunobuSakuraiDepartment of Radiology, NHO Iwakuni Clinical CenterTakayukiYabukiDepartment of Radiology, NHO Iwakuni Clinical CenterHidekiAokiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, NHO Iwakuni Clinical CenterAkikoIsekiDepartment of Pathology, NHO Iwakuni Clinical CenterCase Report10.18926/AMO/69439We report the case of a 72-year-old Japanese man with an incidental portal vein mass that was surgically resected and diagnosed as immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease. The mass was discovered during an atrial fibrillation examination. The patient had a history of gastric cancer and was also diagnosed with rectal cancer, raising concerns about metastasis. Due to technical challenges, a biopsy was not feasible. Imaging findings suggested portal vein tumor thrombosis, complicating the diagnosis. This case highlights a rare presentation of IgG4-related disease mimicking portal vein tumor thrombus.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7952025Advantages of Single-Position Surgery over Posterior Fusion for Single-Level Degenerative Lumbar Diseases359368ENTomohikoHiroseDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central HospitalHisanoriIkumaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central HospitalKazutoshiOtsukaOtsuka Orthopedic ClinicKeisukeKawasakiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central HospitalOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/69437Single-position surgery with lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) and percutaneous pedicle screws (PPSs) is gaining attention for its reduced invasiveness. We developed SPAPS, a technique allowing two surgeons to perform anterior LLIF and posterior PPS insertion simultaneously in a single lateral decubitus position. This retrospective study compared SPAPS (SPAPS-LLIF, Group SL) and minimally invasive posterior/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-PLIF/TLIF, Group PT) in patients treated between 2016 and 2019 with a two-year follow-up. Operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), length of hospital stay (LOS), JOABPEQ and VAS scores, segmental lordotic angle, lumbar lordotic angle, segmental Cobb’s angle, PPS misplacement, PPS loosening, fusion status, and muscle cross-sectional areas were compared. Fifty-two patients were analyzed (Group SL: 25; Group PT: 27). SPAPS significantly reduced operative time (118.0 vs. 165.3 min, p <0.01) and estimated blood loss (8.6 vs. 164.1 mL, p<0.01). While clinical outcomes and hospital stay were comparable, Group SL had significantly lower PPS loosening (0% vs. 13%, p<0.01) and non-union rates (0% vs. 22.2%, p=0.02). Multifidus muscle atrophy was also less in Group SL (−14.3 vs. −121.5 mm2, p<0.01). SPAPS demonstrated advantages in reducing surgical invasiveness without compromising clinical efficacy, offering a promising alternative to conventional posterior fusion surgery.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7952025Comparison of Extraocular Muscles in Patients with Exotropia and Healthy Participants Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography353358ENYukiChiharaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesIchiroHamasakiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKiyoShibataDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShinMorisawaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesReikaKonoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKeisukeKanenagaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYukiMorizaneDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/69436To analyze and characterize the medial and lateral rectus muscles in patients with exotropia using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). This study included 24 patients with exotropia (48 eyes) and 25 healthy individuals (50 eyes). Anterior segment optical coherence tomography was used to construct the en face images. The anterior chamber angle to the extraocular muscle insertion distance, muscle width, and muscle fiber angle from the muscle insertion sites were compared between the exotropia and the control groups. The correlation between these parameters and age or angle of deviation was evaluated. The mean ages were 13.2±4.1 years for the exotropia group and 17.6±7.2 years for the control group. The lateral rectus angle was significantly more inwardly rotated in the exotropia group than in the control group (1.6±6.3°, −1.4±4.0°, p=0.014). With increasing angle of deviation, the width of the lateral rectus increased (p=0.002). Our results indicate that the lateral rectus angle is significantly more inwardly rotated in patients with exotropia. These findings should contribute to a deeper understanding of the extraocular muscles in patients with this condition.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Georg Thieme Verlag KGActa Medica Okayama0013-726X57S 012025Salvaging hilar access using an uneven double-lumen cannula in endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomyE1115E1116ENRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama1367-22232812024Can online interactions reduce loneliness in young adults during university closures in Japan? The directed acyclic graphs approache12658ENKoheiKambaraDoshisha UniversityAkihiroToyaHiroshima UniversitySuminLeeHiroshima UniversityHarukaShimizuNishikyushu Univ. Junior CollegeKazuakiAbeHiroshima UniversityJunShigematsuToyama UniversityQingyuanZhangHiroshima UniversityNatsukiAbeHiroshima Bunkyo UniversityRyoHayaseChubu UniversityNobuhitoAbeKyoto UniversityRyusukeNakaiKyoto UniversityShuntaroAokiFukushima Medical UniversityKoheiAsanoKyoto UniversityRyosukeAsanoKurume UniversityMakotoFujimuraFukuoka Jo Gakuin UniversityKen’ichiroFukuiKwassui Women's UniversityYoshihiroFukumotoKansai Medical UniversityKaichiroFurutaniKansai UniversityKojiHasegawaKomazawa UniversityHirofumiHashimotoOsaka Metropolitan UniversityMikotoHashimotoChukyo Gakuin UniversityHirokiHosogoshiKansai UniversityHiroshiIkedaKyushu UniversityToshiyukiIshiokaKobe UniversityChiharuItoUniversity of Human EnvironmentsSuguruIwanoFukushima Medical UniversityMasafumiKamadaShujitsu Junior CollegeYoshihiroKanaiTohoku Gakuin UniversityTomonoriKaritaEhime UniversityYuKasagiRissho UniversityEmiko S.KashimaLa Trobe UniversityJuriKatoKanazawa Institute of TechnologyYousukeKawachiTohoku UniversityJun‐ichiroKawaharaHokkaido UniversityMasanoriKimuraGraduate School of Business Administration, Kobe UniversityYugoKiraKurume UniversityYukoKiyonaga (Sakoda)Kyushu Kyoritsu UniversityHiroshiKohguchiRyutsu Keizai UniversityAsukaKomiyaHiroshima UniversityKeitaMasuiOtemon Gakuin UniversityAkiraMidorikawaChuo UniversityNobuhiroMifuneKochi University of TechnologyAkimineMizukoshiAsahi UniversityKengoNawataFukuoka UniversityTakashiNishimuraHiroshima International UniversityDaisukeNogiwaSeikei UniversityKenjiOgawaHokkaido UniversityJunkoOkadaPrefectural University of HiroshimaAkiOkamotoOkayama UniversityReikoOkamotoOsaka UniversityKyokoSasakiKanagawa University of Human ServicesKosukeSatoKurume UniversityHiroshiShimizuKwansei Gakuin UniversityAtsushiSugimuraTokai UniversityYokoSugitaniSophia UniversityHitomiSugiuraKindai UniversityKyokoSumiokaOkayama UniversityBumpeiSunaguchiGraduate School of Business Administration, Kobe UniversityMasatakaTakebeOtsuma Women's UniversityHiroki C.TanabeNagoya UniversityAyumiTanakaDoshisha UniversityMasanoriTanakaHokkai‐Gakuen UniversityJunichiTaniguchiTezukayama UniversityNamijiTokunagaEhime Prefectural University of Health SciencesRyozoTomitaMusashino UniversityYumikoUedaAsahi UniversityTomomiYamashitaJumonji UniversityKazuhoYamauraRitsumeikan UniversityMasaoYogoDoshisha UniversityKenjiYokotaniTokushima UniversityAyanoYoshidaTohoku Fukushi UniversityHiroakiYoshidaShinshu UniversityKatsueYoshiharaFukuoka Institute of Technology Junior CollegeAyumiYoshikawaOsaka Dental University Faculty of NursingKuniakiYanagisawaKobe UniversityKen'ichiroNakashimaHiroshima UniversityAs a countermeasure to the increased loneliness induced by the COVID-19 pandemic-related university closures, universities provided students with online interaction opportunities. However, whether these opportunities contributed to reducing loneliness during the university closures remains unclear, as previous studies have produced contradictory findings. We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional survey. Data were collected on demographics, social environment, social support, interactions, health and loneliness from 4949 students from 60 universities across Japan. We used psychological network and Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) to examine the effect of online interactions on loneliness during university closures during COVID-19. The results showed that the frequency of online interactions with friends did not exert a significant influence on loneliness during university closures. A comparative examination of the DAGs further illuminated that the social environment exhibited fewer pathways for interpersonal interactions and social support during these closure periods. The psychosocial pathways influencing young adults' loneliness show variations contingent on the university's closure status. Notably, the impact of heightened online interactions with friends on loneliness appears to be less pronounced among young adults in the context of university closure.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1757-65121612025Specific induction of right ventricular-like cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells519ENYukihiroSaitoDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University HospitalKazufumiNakamuraDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University HospitalYukiKatanosakaDepartment of Cardiovascular Physiology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshihiroIidaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesDaiKusumotoDepartment of Biomedical Informatics and Molecular Biology, The Sakaguchi Laboratory, Keio University School of MedicineRyushiSatoDepartment of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ShizuokaRikiAdachiDepartment of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ShizuokaSatoshiShimizuDepartment of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ShizuokaJunkoKurokawaDepartment of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ShizuokaSatoshiAkagiDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMasashiYoshidaDepartment of Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToruMiyoshiDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHiroshiMoritaDepartment of Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKeijiNaruseDepartment of Cardiovascular Physiology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMikakoNishidaDepartment of Metabolic Immune Regulation, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHeiichiroUdonoDepartment of Metabolic Immune Regulation, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJianhuaZhangDepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthShinsukeYuasaDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTimothy J.KampDepartment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthHiroshiItoDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesBackground Applications employing human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) require well-characterized, chamber-specific hPSC-CMs. Distinct first heart field (FHF) and second heart field (SHF) cardiac progenitor populations give rise to the left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) cardiomyocytes, respectively. This developmental difference in cardiomyocyte origin suggests that chamber-specific cardiomyocytes have unique characteristics. Therefore, efficient strategies to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) specifically to LV-like or RV-like cardiomyocytes are needed and it is still unknown whether there is a phenotypic difference between LV-like cardiomyocytes and RV-like cardiomyocytes derived from hPSCs.<br>
Methods An established hPSC cardiac differentiation protocol employing sequential GSK3β inhibition followed by Wnt inhibition (GiWi) was modified by addition of insulin or BMP antagonists during mesoderm formation. Cardiac progenitor populations were evaluated for FHF and SHF markers, and differentiated hPSC-CMs were characterized for chamber-specific markers.<br>
Results The GiWi protocol produced mainly FHF-like progenitor cells that gave rise to LV-like cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of endogenous BMP signaling during mesoderm induction using insulin or BMP antagonists reduced expression of FHF markers and increased expression of SHF markers in cardiac progenitor cells. hPSC-CMs arising from the SHF-like progenitor cells showed an RV-like gene expression pattern and exhibited phenotypic differences in spontaneous contraction rate, Ca2+ transients, and cell size compared to control LV-like cardiomyocytes.<br>
Conclusion This study establishes methodology to generate RV-like hPSC-CMs to support the development of disease modeling research using chamber-specific hPSC-CMs.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Georg Thieme Verlag KGActa Medica Okayama0013-726X57S 012025Endoscopic ultrasound-guided ethanol injection with prophylactic pancreatic stenting for a pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasmE537E538ENKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama1936-52091932025Oregon Wolfe barley genetic stocks – Research and teaching tools for next generation scientistse70004ENMargaret R.KrauseDepartment of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State UniversityJuan DavidArbelaezDepartment of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignÅsmundAsdalNordic Genetic Resource CentreRamziBelkodjaCIHEAM-ZaragozaNancyBouryDepartment of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State UniversityVictoria C.BlakeDepartment of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State UniversityPatrick J.BrownDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of California-DavisAnaCasasDepartamento de Genética y Producción Vegetal, Estación Experimental Aula Dei–CSICLuisCistuéDepartamento de Genética y Producción Vegetal, Estación Experimental Aula Dei–CSICAlbaFarré‐MartínezAGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Universidad de LleidaScottFiskDepartment of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State UniversityGregory S.FuerstU.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Iowa State UniversityEstelaGiménezDepartment of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, School of Agricultural, Food and Biosystems Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de MadridCarlaGuijarro‐RealDepartment of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, School of Agricultural, Food and Biosystems Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de MadridKatyGuthrieDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of MinnesotaMargaretHalsteadAardevo North AmericaLauraHelgersonDepartment of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State UniversityHiroshiHisanoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityErnestoIgartuaDepartamento de Genética y Producción Vegetal, Estación Experimental Aula Dei–CSICMortenLillemoDepartment of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life SciencesMarinaMartínez‐GarcíaDepartment of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, School of Agricultural, Food and Biosystems Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de MadridMarionaMartínez‐SubiràAGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Universidad de LleidaSusanMcCouchPlant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell UniversityLaurieMcGheeColfax-Mingo Community High SchoolTravisNickolsDepartment of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State UniversityNickPetersDepartment of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State UniversityRaymondPorterHaupert Institute for Agricultural Studies, Huntington UniversityIgnacioRomagosaAGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Universidad de LleidaAnja KarineRuudDepartment of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life SciencesKazuhiroSatoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversitySilvioSalviDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of BolognaGiuseppeSangiorgiDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of BolognaRebekkaSchüllerDepartment of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignTaner Z.SenCrop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research ServiceJosé MiguelSorianoAGROTECNIO-CERCA Center, Universidad de LleidaRobert M.StuparDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of MinnesotaTo‐ChiaTingAgronomy Department, Purdue UniversityKellyViningDepartment of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State UniversityMariavon KorffInstitute of Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfAgathaWallaInstitute of Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDiane R.WangAgronomy Department, Purdue UniversityRobbieWaughDivision of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of DundeeRoger P.WiseDepartment of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State UniversityRobertWolfeAgriculture and Agri-Food CanadaEricYaoCrop Improvement and Genetics Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research ServicePatrick M.HayesDepartment of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State UniversityThe Oregon Wolfe Barley (OWB) mapping population (Reg. no. MP-4, NSL 554937 MAP) is a resource for genetics research and instruction. The OWBs are a set of doubled haploid barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lines developed at Oregon State University from the F1 of a cross between Dr. Robert Wolfe's dominant and recessive marker stocks. Exhibiting a high level of genetic and phenotypic diversity, the OWBs are used throughout the world as a research tool for barley genetics. To date, these endeavors have led to 56 peer-reviewed publications, as well as three reports in the Barley Genetics Newsletter. At the same time, the OWBs are widely used as an instructor resource at the K–12, undergraduate, graduate, and professional levels. They are currently used at universities and/or institutes in German, Italy, Norway, Spain, and the United States and are currently being developed further for educational use in other countries. Genotype and phenotype data, lesson plans, and seed availability information are available herein and online.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Oxford University Press (OUP)Acta Medica Okayama0032-088919812025The thylakoid membrane remodeling protein VIPP1 forms bundled oligomers in tobacco chloroplastskiaf137ENSarah WGachieInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityAlexandreMuhireInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityDiLiInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityAkihiroKawamotoInstitute for Protein Research, Osaka UniversityNorikoTakeda-KamiyaMass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYumiGotoMass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceMayukoSatoMass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceKiminoriToyookaMass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceRyoYoshimuraInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityTsuneakiTakamiInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityLingangZhangSchool of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University/Key Laboratory of Herbage and Endemic Crop BiotechnologyGenjiKurisuInstitute for Protein Research, Osaka UniversityToruTerachiFaculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo UniversityWataruSakamotoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityThe thylakoid membrane (TM) serves as the scaffold for oxygen-evolving photosynthesis, hosting the protein complexes responsible for the light reactions and ATP synthesis. Vesicle inducing protein in plastid 1 (VIPP1), a key protein in TM remodeling, has been recognized as essential for TM homeostasis. In vitro studies of cyanobacterial VIPP1 demonstrated its ability to form large homo-oligomers (2 MDa) manifesting as ring-like or filament-like assemblies associated with membranes. Similarly, VIPP1 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii assembles into rods that encapsulate liposomes or into stacked spiral structures. However, the nature of VIPP1 assemblies in chloroplasts, particularly in Arabidopsis, remains uncharacterized. Here, we expressed Arabidopsis thaliana VIPP1 fused to GFP (AtVIPP1-GFP) in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) chloroplasts and performed transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A purified AtVIPP1-GFP fraction was enriched with long filamentous tubule-like structures. Detailed TEM observations of chloroplasts in fixed resin-embedded tissues identified VIPP1 assemblies in situ that appeared to colocalize with GFP fluorescence. Electron tomography demonstrated that the AtVIPP1 oligomers consisted of bundled filaments near membranes, some of which appeared connected to the TM or inner chloroplast envelope at their contact sites. The observed bundles were never detected in wild-type Arabidopsis but were observed in Arabidopsis vipp1 mutants expressing AtVIPP1-GFP. Taken together, we propose that the bundled filaments are the dominant AtVIPP1 oligomers that represent its static state in vivo.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)Acta Medica Okayama2226-71902025Double-blind randomized noninferiority study of the effect of pharyngeal lidocaine anesthesia on EUSENYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKeiHaradaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalNaoHattoriDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalTaisukeObataDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalToshiharuMitsuhashiCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalBackground and objectives: EUS is typically performed under sedation, often with concomitant analgesics to reduce pain. Traditionally used pharyngeal anesthesia, commonly with lidocaine, may cause pharyngeal discomfort and allergic reactions. This study investigated whether lidocaine-based pharyngeal anesthesia is necessary for EUS under sedation with analgesics.<br>
Methods: A double-blind, randomized, noninferiority study was conducted on EUS cases that met the selection criteria. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 5 sprays of 8% lidocaine (lidocaine group: LG) or saline spray (placebo group: PG) as endoscopy pretreatment. The primary outcome was EUS tolerability, analyzed separately for endoscopists and patients, with a noninferiority margin set at 15%. Secondary outcomes included endoscopist and patient satisfaction, midazolam/pethidine doses, number of gag events, number of esophageal insertion attempts, use of sedative/analgesic antagonists, interruptions due to body movements, throat symptoms after endoscopy, and sedation-related adverse events.<br>
Results: Favorable tolerance was 85% in LG and 88% for PG among endoscopists (percent difference: 3.0 [95% confidence interval, −6.6 to 12.6]) and 90% in LG and 91% in PG among patients (percent difference, 0.94 [95% confidence interval, −7.5 to 9.4]). Both groups exceeded the noninferiority margin (P = 0.0002 for endoscopists and patients). Patient satisfaction was significantly higher in PG (P = 0.0080), but no intergroup differences were found in other secondary outcomes.<br>
Conclusions: PG was noninferior to LG for pharyngeal anesthesia during EUS with sedation and analgesics. These results suggest that pharyngeal anesthesia with lidocaine can be omitted when performing EUS under sedation with concomitant analgesics. Omitting pharyngeal anesthesia with lidocaine may prevent discomfort and complications caused by pharyngeal anesthesia, shorten examination times, and reduce medical costs.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPI AGActa Medica Okayama2077-038314172025Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of the Brush/Biopsy Rapid On-Site Evaluation (B-ROSE) in Cases of Bile Duct Stricture: A Prospective, Pilot Study6207ENNaoHattoriDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalKeiHaradaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalTaisukeObataDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalHiroyukiTerasawaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama University HospitalsettingsOrder Article Reprints
Open AccessArticle
Evaluation of the Diagnostic Performance of the Brush/Biopsy Rapid On-Site Evaluation (B-ROSE) in Cases of Bile Duct Stricture: A Prospective, Pilot Study
by Nao Hattori 1,Daisuke Uchida 1,2,*,Kei Harada 1,Ryosuke Sato 1ORCID,Taisuke Obata 1,Akihiro Matsumi 1ORCID,Kazuya Miyamoto 1ORCID,Hiroyuki Terasawa 1ORCID,Yuki Fujii 1,Koichiro Tsutsumi 1ORCID,Shigeru Horiguchi 1,Kazuyuki Matsumoto 1ORCID andMotoyuki Otsuka 1
1
Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
2
Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(17), 6207; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14176207
Submission received: 23 June 2025 / Revised: 21 August 2025 / Accepted: 26 August 2025 / Published: 2 September 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine)
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Abstract
Background: Biliary strictures are diagnosed using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with brush cytology and biopsy. However, brush cytology shows a sensitivity of 9–56.1% and a diagnostic accuracy of 43–65.4%, while biopsy demonstrates a sensitivity of 48%. Both methods exhibit high specificity but limited sensitivity. While rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) is effective in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA), its application in ERCP-obtained samples remains underexplored. Methods: This prospective pilot study was conducted at Okayama University Hospital from April 2019 to July 2024. Patients requiring ERCP-guided sampling for bile duct strictures were included. ROSE was applied to brush cytology with up to three additional attempts and to imprint cytology from biopsy samples with up to two attempts. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed based on pathology and clinical course. Results: Among 37 patients (median age: 73 years, add range, and male–female ratio: 27:10), 18 had hilar and 19 had distal bile duct strictures. Brush cytology required one, two, or three attempts in twenty-six, six, and five cases, respectively, whereas biopsy required one or two attempts in thirty-five and two cases, respectively. Among the thirty-seven cases, thirty-five were malignant and two were benign. The B-ROSE group showed a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 71.4%, 100.0%, and 73.0%, respectively, compared to lower accuracy in the conventional group, where single brush cytology attempts yielded a sensitivity of 48.6% and an accuracy of 48.6%, and single biopsy attempts showed a sensitivity of 68.6% and an accuracy of 70.3%. Conclusions: B-ROSE improves diagnostic accuracy, reduces repeat sampling, and minimizes patient burden in ERCP-based diagnosis of bile duct strictures, making it a valuable addition to current diagnostic protocols.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0915-56352025Vendor‐Agnostic Vision Transformer‐Based Artificial Intelligence for Peroral Cholangioscopy: Diagnostic Performance in Biliary Strictures Compared With Convolutional Neural Networks and EndoscopistsENRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMasahiroTomiyaHealthcare Solutions Division, Ryobi Systems Co., LtdTakayoshiTanimotoHealthcare Solutions Division, Ryobi Systems Co., LtdAkimitsuOhtoHealthcare Solutions Division, Ryobi Systems Co., LtdKentaroOkiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalSatoshiKajitaniDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalTatsuyaKikuchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYoshiroKawaharaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalObjectives: Accurate diagnosis of biliary strictures remains challenging. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system for peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) using a Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture and to evaluate its performance compared to different vendor devices, conventional convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and endoscopists.<br>
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 125 patients with indeterminate biliary strictures who underwent POCS between 2012 and 2024. AI models including the ViT architecture and two established CNN architectures were developed using images from CHF-B260 or B290 (CHF group; Olympus Medical) and SpyScope DS or DS II (Spy group; Boston Scientific) systems via a patient-level, 3-fold cross-validation. For a direct comparison against endoscopists, a balanced 440-image test set, containing an equal number of images from each vendor, was used for a blinded evaluation.<br>
Results: The 3-fold cross-validation on the entire 2062-image dataset yielded a robust accuracy of 83.9% (95% confidence interval (CI), 80.9–86.7) for the ViT model. The model's accuracy was consistent between CHF (82.7%) and Spy (86.8%, p = 0.198) groups, and its performance was comparable to the evaluated conventional CNNs. On the 440-image test set, the ViT's accuracy of 78.4% (95% CI, 72.5–83.8) was comparable to that of expert endoscopists (82.0%, p = 0.148) and non-experts (73.0%, p = 0.066), with no statistically significant differences observed.<br>
Conclusions: The novel ViT-based AI model demonstrated high vendor-agnostic diagnostic accuracy across multiple POCS systems, achieving performance comparable to conventional CNNs and endoscopists evaluated in this study.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)Acta Medica Okayama1600-57753252025X-ray fluorescence holography under high-pressure conditions13021309ENXinhuiZhanGraduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima UniversityNaokiIshimatsuGeodynamics Research Center, PIAS, Ehime UniversityKojiKimuraDepartment of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of TechnologyNaohisaHappoGraduate School of Information Sciences, Hiroshima City UniversityHalubaiSekharInstitute of Industrial Nanomaterials, Kumamoto UniversityTomokoSatoInstitute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, KEKNobuoNakajimaGraduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima UniversityNaomiKawamuraJapan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, SPring-8KotaroHigashiJapan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, SPring-8OkiSekizawaJapan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, SPring-8HirokazuKadobayashiJapan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, SPring-8RitsukoEguchiGraduate School of Science, University of HyogoYoshihiroKubozonoResearch Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama UniversityHirooTajiriJapan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, SPring-8ShinyaHosokawaFaculty of Materials for Energy, Shimane UniversityTomohiroMatsushitaGraduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and TechnologyToruShinmeiGeodynamics Research Center, PIAS, Ehime UniversityTetsuoIrifuneGeodynamics Research Center, PIAS, Ehime UniversityKoichiHayashiDepartment of Physical Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of TechnologyThis study reports the first application of X-ray fluorescence holography (XFH) under high-pressure conditions. We integrated XFH with a diamond anvil cell to investigate the local structure around Sr atoms in single-crystal SrTiO3 under high pressure. By utilizing nano-polycrystalline diamond anvils and a yttrium filter, we effectively eliminated significant background noise from both the anvils and the gasket. This optimized experimental configuration enabled the measurement of Sr Kα holograms of the SrTiO3 sample at pressures up to 13.3 GPa. The variation of lattice constants with pressure was calculated by the shifts of Kossel lines, and real-space images of the atomic structures were reconstructed from the Sr Kα holograms at different pressures. This work successfully demonstrates the feasibility of employing XFH under high-pressure conditions as a novel method for visualizing pressure-induced changes in the three-dimensional local structure around the specified element.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Oxford University Press (OUP)Acta Medica Okayama1439-75952025Recommendations for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis with oligoarthritis or polyarthritis from the 2024 update of the Japan College of Rheumatology Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of rheumatoid arthritis including juvenile idiopathic arthritis with oligoarthritis or polyarthritis – secondary publicationroaf042ENTakakoMiyamaeDepartment of Pediatric Rheumatology, Institute of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University HospitalNamiOkamotoDepartment of Pediatrics, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and SafetyYuzaburoInoueDepartment of General Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityTomohiroKubotaDepartment of Pediatrics, Kagoshima Prefectural Satsunan HospitalTakasukeEbatoDepartment of Pediatrics, Kitasato UniversityHitoshiIrabuDepartment of Pediatrics and Development Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityHidetoKamedaDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho UniversityYukoKanekoDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of MedicineHiroshiKuboDepartment of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKanakoMitsunagaDepartment of Allergy and Rheumatology, Chiba Children's HospitalMasaakiMoriDepartment of Lifetime Clinical Immunology, Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityAyakoNakajimaCenter for Rheumatic Diseases, Mie University HospitalKenichiNishimuraDepartment of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineNaoakiOhkuboIizuka HospitalTomomiSatoClinical Education Center For Physicians, Shiga University of Medical ScienceYukoSugitaDepartment of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversitySatoshiTakanashiDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of MedicineTakayukiTanakaDepartment of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Otsu HospitalHiroakiUmebayashiDepartment of Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Miyagi Children’s HospitalMasatoYashiroDepartment of Pediatrics, Okayama University HospitalShingoYamanishiDepartment of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical SchoolMieFusamaHealth Sciences Department of Nursing, Kansai University of International StudiesShintaroHirataDepartment of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hiroshima University HospitalMitsumasaKishimotoDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kyorin University School of MedicineMasatakaKohnoInflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineMasayoKojimaGraduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City UniversityToshihisaKojimaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical CenterAkioMorinobuDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityTakahikoSugiharaDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of MedicineEiichiTanakaDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical UniversityNobuyukiYajimaDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineRyoYanaiDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineYutakaKawahitoInflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineMasayoshiHarigaiDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical UniversityObjectives: To conduct systematic reviews (SRs) and develop clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for managing juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) with oligoarthritis or polyarthritis.<br>
Methods: The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology was employed to carry out SRs and formulate the CPGs. An expert panel, including patients, paediatric and nonpaediatric rheumatologists, guideline specialists, and patient representatives, used the Delphi method to discuss and agree on the recommendations.<br>
Results: Six clinical questions (CQs) on the efficacy and safety of medical treatments were evaluated. These included CQ1 on methotrexate (MTX), CQ2 on non-MTX conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, CQ3 on glucocorticoids, CQ4 on tumour necrosis factor inhibitors, CQ5 on interleukin-6 inhibitors, and CQ6 on Janus kinase inhibitors. Two randomized controlled trials were identified for CQ1, three for CQ2, two for CQ3, eight for CQ4, two for CQ5, and two for CQ6. Based on these evaluations, three strong and three conditional recommendations were established. The CPGs have been endorsed by the Japan College of Rheumatology and the Pediatric Rheumatology Association of Japan.<br>
Conclusions: The SRs provided the necessary evidence to develop the CPGs, which are intended to guide not only paediatric but also nonpaediatric rheumatologists, caregivers, patients, and their families in treatment decision-making.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japanese Society for Lymphoreticular Tissue ResearchActa Medica Okayama1346-42806442024Computed tomography findings of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease subtypes292296ENToshihiroIguchiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesNorikoIwakiDepartment of Hematology, National Cancer Center HospitalKatsuhideKojimaDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University HospitalTakashiAsaharaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityFumioOtsukaDepartment of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYoshinobuMaedaDepartment of Hematology, Oncology, and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakaoHirakiDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityThis study retrospectively evaluated the computed tomography (CT) findings of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) at a single center and compared the CT findings of iMCD-TAFRO with those of iMCD-non-TAFRO. CT images obtained within 30 days before diagnostic confirmation were reviewed for 20 patients with iMCD (8 men and 12 women, mean age 52.8 ± 12.3 years, range 25–74 years). Twelve patients were diagnosed with iMCD-TAFRO, five with iMCD-idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy, and three with iMCD-not otherwise specified. CT images revealed anasarca and lymphadenopathy in all 20 patients. The iMCD-TAFRO group showed significantly higher frequencies of ascites (100% vs. 37.5%, P = 0.004), gallbladder wall edema (75.0% vs. 12.5%, P = 0.020), periportal collar (91.7% vs. 25.0%, P = 0.004), and anterior mediastinal lesions (non-mass-forming infiltrative lesions) (66.7% vs. 12.5%, P = 0.028). Para-aortic edema tended to be more frequent in patients with the iMCD-TAFRO group (83.3% vs. 37.5%, P = 0.062), while the absence of anterior mediastinal lesions tended to be more frequent in the iMCD-non-TAFRO group (16.7% vs. 62.5%, P = 0.062). These CT findings may have clinical implications for improving the accuracy and speed of iMCD diagnosis and differentiating iMCD-TAFRO from other subtypes.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231892025境界線の「上に立つ」概念型カリキュラムの開発と実践 ─生活の中の権利分配の境界線を省察する─1936ENYuichiMIYAMOTOFaculty of Education，Okayama UniversityYudaiMAKABETeacher at an international schoolShunSATOEduca & Quest Inc.TomochikaOSHIROGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University10.18926/bgeou/69235 本研究は,子どもたちが社会における権利分配の基準として機能する境界線への理解を深め(境界線の「上に立つ」),境界線を「別様に引き直す」可能性を追究するカリキュラムの開発とその実践の成果を検討する。権利の分配に関わる歴史教材の検討を経て,子どもたちが,世界に引かれた境界線をどのように理解し,どのように自らの生活の中の境界線を捉えなおそうとしたかについて分析した。カリキュラム構成上の意義と課題及び学習した概念の生活認識への転用の困難が明らかとなり,カリキュラムの中に概念の省察と吟味を重点的に行う活動を入れることの重要性が明らかとなった。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7942025Outcome of Decompression Surgery Following Rapid Neurological Deterioration in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiographic Evidence of Trauma (SCIWORET)261267ENYuichiHirataDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesChiakiSugaharaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSusumuSasadaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHayatoMiyakeDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakayukiNagaseDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakaoYasuharaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShotaTanakaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/69151Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) increase the likelihood of spinal cord injury without radiographic evidence of trauma (SCIWORET). Opinions regarding the optimal timing for surgery in such cases vary, however. We retrospectively investigated the demographics and outcomes of patients with SCIWORET who underwent surgery shortly after experiencing rapid neurological deterioration, and we matched patients who underwent standby surgery for CSM or OPLL. Although the optimal timing of surgery for SCIWORET remains unclear, our findings suggest that early stage surgery for SCIWORET may yield favorable neurological improvements.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama2475-0328862024High risk of multiple gastric cancers in Japanese individuals with Lynch syndrome10081016ENNobuhikoKanayaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesThijs A.van SchaikDepartment of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolHidekiAokiDepartment of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterYumikoSatoDepartment of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterFumitakaTaniguchiDepartment of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterKunitoshiShigeyasuDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKokichiSuganoDepartment of Genetic Medicine, Kyoundo Hospital, SSasaki FoundationKiwamuAkagiDivision of Molecular Diagnosis and Cancer Prevention, Saitama Cancer CenterHideyukiIshidaDepartment of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityKohjiTanakayaDepartment of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterAim: Lynch syndrome (LS) is a dominantly inherited syndrome characterized by an increased risk for LS associated tumors such as colorectal cancer (CRC) and gastric cancer (GC). However, the clinical benefit of surveillance for GC remains unclear while it has already been recommended for CRC. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical features of GC in Japanese individuals with LS, and the risk of developing multiple GCs to build regional-tailored surveillance programs in LS patients with GC.<br>
Methods: Data on Japanese individuals with LS were retrospectively collected from a single institution. The clinical features of GC, including the cumulative risk of multiple GCs, were analyzed.<br>
Results: Among 96 individuals with LS (MLH1/MSH2/MSH6, 75:20:1), 32 GC lesions were detected in 15 individuals with LS (male/female, 11:4). The median age at initial GC diagnosis was 52.7 y (range: 28–71). Histological examination revealed a predominance of intestinal type (19/24: 87.5%). Moreover, the majority of the GC lesions (82%) were determined to have high-frequency of microsatellite instability. The cumulative risk of individuals with LS developing GC at 70 y was 31.3% (MLH1 36.1%, MSH2 18.0%). Notably, the cumulative risk of individuals with LS developing metachronous and/or synchronous GCs at 0, 10 and 20 y after initial diagnosis of GC was 26.7%, 40.7%, and 59.4%, respectively.<br>
Conclusion: Due to a higher risk of developing multiple GCs, intensive surveillance might be especially recommended for Japanese individuals with LS associated initial GC.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Spandidos PublicationsActa Medica Okayama2049-94502332025Association of the expression of 5‑FU biomarkers with aging and prognosis in elderly patients with lung cancer treated with S‑1 adjuvant chemotherapy: Follow‑up results of the Setouchi Lung Cancer Group Study 120179ENJunichiSohDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University HospitalHiromasaYamamotoDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University HospitalNorihitoOkumuraDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Kurashiki Central HospitalHiroyukiSuzukiDepartment of Chest Surgery, Fukushima Medical University HospitalMasaoNakataDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School HospitalToshiyaFujiwaraDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens HospitalKenicehiGembaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Chugoku Central Hospital, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 720‑0001, Japan; 8Department of Respiratory Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku HospitalIsaoSanoDepartment of Respiratory Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku HospitalTakujiFujinagaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nagara Medical CenterMasafumiKataokaDepartment of Surgery and Respiratory Center, Okayama Saiseikai General HospitalYasuhiroTerasakiDepartment of Respiratory Surgery, Saga Medical Center KoseikanNobukazuFujimotoDepartment of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama Rosai HospitalKazuhikoKataokaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterShinjiKosakaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Shimane Prefectural Central HospitalMotohiroYamashitaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer CenterHidetoshiInokawaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Yamaguchi‑Ube Medical CenterMasaakiInoueDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Shimonoseki City HospitalHiroshigeNakamuraDivision of General Thoracic Surgery, Tottori University HospitalYoshinoriYamashitaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterYutaTakahashiDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University HospitalHidejiroTorigoeDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University HospitalHirokiSatoDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University HospitalShutaTomidaCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalKatsuyukiHottaCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalHiroshigeYoshiokaDepartment of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University HospitalSatoshiMoritaDepartment of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKeitaroMatsuoDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteJunichiSakamotoTokai Central HospitalHiroshiDateDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University HospitalShinichiToyookaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University HospitalManaging elderly patients presents several challenges because of age‑related declines; however, age should not be the sole determinant for adjuvant treatment decisions in patients with non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Moreover, age may affect the expression of 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU) biomarkers. The present study assessed: i) The effect of age on the expression levels of 5‑FU biomarkers by analyzing a public database; and ii) the ability of these biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes in elderly patients with NSCLC who underwent complete resection in the Setouchi Lung Cancer Group Study 1201 (SCLG1201) followed by S‑1 adjuvant chemotherapy. Changes in gene expression levels across age groups were assessed by analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The expression of 5‑FU biomarkers, including thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), orotate phosphoribosyltransferase, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and excision repair cross‑complementation group 1 (ERCC1), were assessed via quantitative reverse‑transcription PCR assays in 89 elderly patients (≥75 years) with NSCLC who received adjuvant chemotherapy with oral fluoropyrimidine prodrug S‑1 in the SLCG1201 trial. TCGA database analysis (n=955) showed that TS expression decreased significantly with aging, especially in the age group ≥75. In the SCLG1201 trial, univariate analysis revealed that EGFR upregulation and TS downregulation were correlated with favorable recurrence‑free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that pathological stage was an independent prognostic factor for both RFS and OS. EGFR mutations were associated with upregulation of DPD and EGFR, and downregulation of TS and ERCC1. In conclusion, although pathological stage is an independent prognostic factor for survival, EGFR upregulation and TS downregulation may be a greater predictor of clinical outcomes in elderly patients with NSCLC treated with S‑1 adjuvant chemotherapy. The age‑related decrease in TS expression supports the potential benefit of 5‑FU therapies in elderly patients. Nonetheless, further research is warranted to validate these results.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama2040-11162025Relationship between maternal body composition changes and heavy for date infants in pregnant women with diabetesENErikoEtoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMasakazuKatoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSatoeKirinoChiakiKuriyamaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSyujiroSakataDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHikariNakatoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSakurakoMishimaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAkikoOhiraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHisashiMasuyamaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAims/Introduction: Maternal hyperglycemia is associated with heavy for date (HFD) infants. Considering the association between body composition and hyperglycemia, we investigated the changes in maternal body composition and their relationship with HFD infants in pregnant women with diabetes.<br>
Materials and Methods: Body composition was measured during pregnancy using a bioelectrical impedance analysis system. This retrospective study included 151 pregnant women; 27 women had type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), 21 had type 2 DM, 101 were diagnosed with gestational DM, and 2 had overt DM. The number of HFD infants was 40.<br>
Results: In the non-type 1 DM group, change in fat mass (ΔFM) (P < 0.01) and pre-pregnancy BMI (P < 0.05) were risk factors for HFD. In the insulin group, ΔFM, pre-pregnancy BMI, and age (all P < 0.05) were risk factors for HFD. The area under the curve was 0.813 for the predictive model combined with ΔFM and pre-pregnancy BMI in the non-type 1 DM group and 0.818 for the model combined with ΔFM, pre-pregnancy BMI, and age in the insulin group.<br>
Conclusions: The combination of body composition parameters and clinical data may predict HFD in pregnant women with diabetes.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0919-81723212024What is the identity of Gerota fascia? Histological study with cadavers6268ENYasuyukiKobayashiMinimally Invasive Therapy Center, Okayama University HospitalKoheiEdamuraDepartment of Urology, Okayama University HospitalTakuyaSadahiraDepartment of Urology, Okayama University HospitalYusukeTominagaDepartment of Urology, Okayama University HospitalSatoshiKatayamaDepartment of Urology, Okayama University HospitalTakehiroIwataDepartment of Urology, Okayama University HospitalShingoNishimuraOrgan Transplant Center, Okayama University HospitalTomokoKobayashiDepartment of Urology, Okayama University HospitalKeitaSatoDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakaakiKomiyamaDepartment of Human Morphology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyusukeMomotaDepartment of Human Morphology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHideyoOhuchiDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMotooArakiDepartment of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesObjectives: The advancement of laparoscopic surgery has allowed surgeons to see finer anatomical structures during surgery. As a result, several issues have arisen regarding Gerota fascia that cannot be explained by previous interpretations, such as its various forms observed during surgery. To address these issues, we histologically examined the structure of Gerota fascia.<br>
Methods: Specimens for study were prepared from kidneys with Gerota fascia from four cadavers, and the structure was studied histologically. Its thickness and collagen fiber area ratios were measured using ImageJ and compared to those of the epimysium of the rectus abdominis muscle.<br>
Results: Connective tissue that appeared to be Gerota fascia was observed in 26 specimens. Histologically, the basic structure of Gerota fascia was a sandwich-like structure with a thin layer of thick, long collagen fibers in the central layer, and small granular collagen fibers scattered at the edges. However, not all areas observed had a similar structure; eight specimens were composed only of small granular collagen fibers. The average thickness of the Gerota fascia was 466 μm, and the area ratio of collagen was 27.1%. In contrast, the epimysium was much thicker than Gerota fascia, and its collagen fibers were much thicker and denser.<br>
Conclusions: Gerota fascia, unlike the epimysium, was a very thin and fragile layer of collagen fibers, and its structure was diverse. This explains why Gerota fascia was observed in various states during surgery. It is important for surgeons to understand the properties of Gerota fascia and to treat it appropriately.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama1572-1000542025Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy for recurrent cancer at the base of the tongue104719ENTakumaMakinoDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYasuharuSatoDepartment of Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYutoNaoiDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJunyaMatsumotoDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShoheiFujimotoDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMizuoAndoDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNear-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a novel therapeutic approach that targets epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In NIR-PIT, administration of cetuximab sarotalocan sodium is followed by laser irradiation of the affected area, which theoretically should induce tumor cell death. However, residual tumors are occasionally observed. This study investigated factors that influence the therapeutic efficacy of NIR-PIT in cases of recurrence of cancer at the base of the tongue. Six patients undergoing 11 treatment cycles were analyzed, focusing on the puncture interval of cylindrical diffusers and the expression of EGFR in tumors. The results demonstrated that a puncture interval of ≤12 mm significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy, with one case achieving complete response. EGFR expression was positive in all cases and expression score showed no significant change between before and after treatment. These findings suggest that puncture interval plays a critical role in therapeutic outcomes, whereas EGFR expression may not directly influence treatment efficacy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPI AGActa Medica Okayama2077-038314102025Endoscopic Bridging Stent Placement Improves Bile Leaks After Hepatic Surgery3381ENTaisukeObataDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKeiHaradaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalNaoHattoriDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, JapanKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalHiroyukiTerasawaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalBackground: Endoscopic treatment is one of the first-line treatments for bile leaks after hepatic surgery. However, detailed reports of endoscopic treatment for bile leaks after hepatic resection (HR) or liver transplantation (LT) are scarce. The outcomes of endoscopic treatment for bile leaks after hepatic surgery were examined, and factors related to successful treatment were identified. Methods: A total of 122 patients underwent endoscopic treatment for bile leaks after hepatic surgery. The diagnosis of a bile leak is based on the ISGLS criteria. The decision to perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) is made based on the amount of drainage output, laboratory data, clinical symptoms, and CT scan findings. In our study, the site of the bile leak was assessed using ERC. Endoscopic stents were placed to bridge across the bile leak site as much as possible. Otherwise, stents were placed near the leak site. Endoscopic stents were replaced every 2–3 months until an improvement in the bile leak was observed with or without biliary strictures. The outcomes of endoscopic treatment and the factors related to clinical success were evaluated. Results: Seventy-four patients with HR and forty-eight patients with LT were treated endoscopically. Technical and clinical success was achieved in 89% (109/122) and 82% (100/122) of patients, respectively. Three (2%) patients died from uncontrollable bile leaks. Bridging stent placement (p < 0.001), coexistent percutaneous drainage (p = 0.0025), and leak severity (p = 0.015) were identified as independent factors related to the clinical success of endoscopic treatment. During a median observation period of 1162 days after the achievement of clinical success, bile leak recurrence was observed in only three cases (3%). Conclusions: Endoscopic treatment is safe and effective for bile leaks after hepatic surgery. Bridging stent placement across the leak site is the most crucial factor for clinical success.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.American Chemical Society (ACS)Acta Medica Okayama2691-37042025Electrochemical Generation of Sulfonamidyl Radicals via Anodic Oxidation of Hydrogen Bonding Complexes: Applications to Electrosynthesis of BenzosultamsENYasuyukiOkumuraDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityEisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoichiMitsudoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAmidyl radicals and sulfonamidyl radicals are widely used in the field of organic synthesis. In particular, the electrochemical oxidation of amides in the presence of bases is one of the most practical methods for generating amidyl radicals. However, it is often difficult to observe the “true” radical precursor, such as an amide anion and/or a hydrogen bonding complex with an amide and a base. We found that a sulfonamide and Bu4NOAc form a 1:1 hydrogen bonding complex by spectroscopic experiments. Cyclic voltammetry suggested that 1:1 hydrogen bonding complexes should be oxidized predominantly under the optimized conditions to afford a sulfonamidyl radical via the proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) process by the oxidation of the complex. Thus-generated sulfonamidyl radicals could be used in the electrochemical synthesis of a variety of benzosultams.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465712025占有率リベート契約が社会厚生に与える影響―理論的進展―8394ENMisatoSato10.18926/OER/69007No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465712025補完財供給企業存在時の反競争的な排他条件付取引契約―水平的差別化財のケース―5162ENMisatoSato10.18926/OER/69004 This study constructs a model of anticompetitive exclusive dealing in the presence of complementary inputs. Kitamura, Matsushima, and Sato （2018） analyze the situation where a downstream firm transforms multiple complementary inputs into final products. When complementary input suppliers have market power, the inefficient incumbent supplier can deter socially efficient entry by using exclusive contracts. This study applies the analysis from Kitamura, Matsushima, and Sato （2018） to examine a situation where the potential entrant produces horizontally differentiated products and demonstrates the feasibility of anticompetitive exclusive dealing.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2045-23221512025Automated identification of the origin of energy loss in nonoriented electrical steel by feature extended Ginzburg–Landau free energy framework23758ENMichikiTaniwakiTokyo University of ScienceRyunosukeNagaokaTokyo University of ScienceKenMasuzawaTokyo University of ScienceShunsukeSatoTokyo University of ScienceAlexandre LiraFoggiattoTokyo University of ScienceChiharuMitsumataTokyo University of ScienceTakahiroYamazakiTokyo University of ScienceIppeiObayashiOkayama UniversityYasuakiHiraokaKyoto UniversityYasuhikoIgarashiUniversity of TsukubaYutaMizutoriUniversity of TsukubaSepehri AminHosseinNIMSTadakatsuOhkuboNIMSHisashiMogiNippon SteelMasatoKotsugiTokyo University of ScienceThis study presents the automated identification of the complex magnetization reversal process in nonoriented electrical steel (NOES) using the feature extended Ginzburg–Landau (eX-GL) free energy framework. eX-GL provides a robust connection between microscopic magnetic domains and macroscopic magnetic hysteresis using a data science perspective. This method employs physically meaningful features to analyze the energy landscape, providing insights into the mechanisms behind function. We obtained features representing both the microstructure and energy of the domain wall. The causes of iron loss were traced to the original domain structure, through which we could successfully distinguish and visualize the role of pinning as a promoting and resisting factor. We found that the reversal process was governed not only by general grain boundary pinning but also by segmented magnetic domains within the grain. This method revealed the complex interplay between magnetism and metallography and introduced a new means for transformative material design, bridging structures and functions.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2056-306X1112025Effect of temperature cycles on the sleep-like state in Hydra vulgaris2ENAyaSatoFaculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu UniversityManabuSekiguchiGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKogaNakadaGraduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu UniversityTaishiYoshiiGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTaichi Q.ItohFaculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu UniversityBackground Sleep is a conserved physiological phenomenon across species. It is mainly controlled by two processes: a circadian clock that regulates the timing of sleep and a homeostat that regulates the sleep drive. Even cnidarians, such as Hydra and jellyfish, which lack a brain, display sleep-like states. However, the manner in which environmental cues affect sleep-like states in these organisms remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects of light and temperature cycles on the sleep-like state in Hydra vulgaris.<br>
Results Our findings indicate that Hydra responds to temperature cycles with a difference of up to 5° C, resulting in decreased sleep duration under light conditions and increased sleep duration in dark conditions. Furthermore, our results reveal that Hydra prioritizes temperature changes over light as an environmental cue. Additionally, our body resection experiments show tissue-specific responsiveness in the generation ofthe sleep-like state under different environmental cues. Specifically, the upper body can generate the sleep-like state in response to a single environmental cue. In contrast, the lower body did not respond to 12-h light–dark cycles at a constant temperature.<br>
Conclusions These findings indicate that both light and temperature influence the regulation of the sleep-like state in Hydra. Moreover, these observations highlight the existence of distinct regulatory mechanisms that govern patterns of the sleep-like state in brainless organisms, suggesting the potential involvement of specific regions for responsiveness of environmental cues for regulation of the sleep-like state.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.BMJActa Medica Okayama2632-6140712025Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome in idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease under treatment with tocilizumabe000923ENNaoyaKamimuraDepartment of Neurology, Yokohama City University Medical CenterNaohisaUedaDepartment of Neurology, Yokohama City University Medical CenterKatsuoKimuraDepartment of Neurology, Yokohama City University Medical CenterAsamiNishikoriYasuharuSatoHitaruKishidaDepartment of Neurology, Yokohama City University Medical CenterFumiakiTanakaDepartment of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineBackground Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare polyclonal lymphoproliferative disorder characterised by systemic inflammation resulting from overproduction of interleukin 6 (IL-6). While iMCD primarily affects the lymph nodes and related tissues, it can also rarely involve the central nervous system.<br>
Case presentation We report the case of a 58-year-old female patient with at least a 3-year history of iMCD, who experienced acute thunderclap headaches due to reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). RCVS occurred 3 months after initiating treatment with tocilizumab, a humanised anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, and was accompanied by focal cortical subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Elevated IL-6 levels were found in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid. MR angiography revealed multiple diffuse stenotic lesions in the bilateral middle and posterior cerebral arteries, which, along with bilateral cerebral oedema, resolved within 3 months. The diffuse nature of the cerebral vasospasm and the presence of bilateral brain oedema suggested that cerebral vasospasm was due to RCVS rather than SAH.<br>
Conclusions In patients with Castleman disease, RCVS may occur due to IL-6-dependent chronic cerebral vascular inflammation, either as a primary condition or as a complication of tocilizumab treatment.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.IEEEActa Medica Okayama2832-13242023Supporting Multiple OS Types on Estimation of System Call Hook Point by Virtual Machine Monitor267273ENMasayaSatoOkayama Prefectural UniversityTakuOmoriOkayama Prefectural UniversityToshihiroYamauchiOkayama UniversityHideoTaniguchiOkayama UniversityMethods to hook system calls issued by a guest operating system (OS) running on a virtual machine using a virtual machine monitor are proposed. The address of the hook point is derived from the guest OS’s source code and established prior to the kernel startup process. Due to changes in system call processing in OS updates and address space layout randomization, the addresses of these hook points cannot always be pre-determined before the kernel startup process. To address this challenge, a method for estimating the system call hook point is proposed in Linux by analyzing the guest OS memory on x86-64 CPUs rather than pre-calculation. Although the method supports Linux, the method can be extended to support other OS types. In this paper, we propose a method to extend the method to support additional OSes. Specifically, we present analysis results and a novel method for estimating hook points on FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD. The effectiveness of our proposed method is also demonstrated through evaluation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama0021-925830172025A repertoire of visible light–sensitive opsins in the deep-sea hydrothermal vent shrimp Rimicaris hybisae110291ENYuyaNagataGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNorioMiyamotoInstitute for Extra-Cutting-Edge Science and Technology Avant-Garde Research (X-Star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)KeitaSatoFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYosukeNishimuraResearch Center for Bioscience and Nanoscience (CeBN), Research Institute for Marine Resources Utilization, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)YukiTaniokaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYujiYamanakaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversitySusumuYoshizawaAtmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of TokyoKutoTakahashiGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKoheiObayashiDepartment of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe UniversityHisaoTsukamotoDepartment of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe UniversityKenTakaiInstitute for Extra-Cutting-Edge Science and Technology Avant-Garde Research (X-Star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)HideyoOhuchiFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakahiroYamashitaDepartment of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto UniversityYukiSudoFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKeiichiKojimaFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityUnlike terrestrial environments, where humans reside, there is no sunlight in the deep sea. Instead, dim visible light from black-body radiation and bioluminescence illuminates hydrothermal vent areas in the deep sea. A deep-sea hydrothermal vent shrimp, Rimicaris hybisae, is thought to detect this dim light using its enlarged dorsal eye; however, the molecular basis of its photoreception remains unexplored. Here, we characterized the molecular properties of opsins, universal photoreceptive proteins in animals, found in R. hybisae. Transcriptomic analysis identified six opsins: three Gq-coupled opsins, one Opn3, one Opn5, and one peropsin. Functional analysis revealed that five of these opsins exhibited light-dependent G protein activity, whereas peropsin exhibited the ability to convert all-trans-retinal to 11-cis-retinal like photoisomerases. Notably, all the R. hybisae opsins, including Opn5, convergently show visible light sensitivity (around 457–517 nm), whereas most opsins categorized as Opn5 have been demonstrated to be UV sensitive. Mutational analysis revealed that the unique visible light sensitivity of R. hybisae Opn5 is achieved through the stabilization of a protonated Schiff base by a counterion residue at position 83 (Asp83), which differs from the position identified in other opsins. These findings suggest that the vent shrimp R. hybisae has adapted its photoreceptive devices to dim deep-sea hydrothermal light by selectively maintaining a repertoire of visible light–sensitive opsins, including the uniquely tuned Opn5.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0361-86092025International Consensus Histopathological Criteria for Subtyping Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease Based on Machine Learning AnalysisENMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesTomokaHaratakeDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYoshitoNishimuraDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesRemiSumiyoshiThe Research Program for Intractable Disease by Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Castleman Disease, TAFRO and Related Ddisease Research GroupHidekiUjiieDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYuriKawaharaDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesTomohiroKogaThe Research Program for Intractable Disease by Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Castleman Disease, TAFRO and Related Ddisease Research GroupMasaoUekiSchool of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki UniversityDorottyaLaczkoDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of PennsylvaniaEricOksenhendlerDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-LouisDavid C.FajgenbaumCenter for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaFritsvan RheeMyeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesAtsushiKawakamiThe Research Program for Intractable Disease by Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Castleman Disease, TAFRO and Related Ddisease Research GroupYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesIdiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder classified into three recognized clinical subtypes—idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy (IPL), TAFRO, and NOS. Although clinical criteria are available for subtyping, diagnostically challenging cases with overlapping histopathological features highlight the need for an improved classification system integrating clinical and histopathological findings. We aimed to develop an objective histopathological subtyping system for iMCD that closely correlates with the clinical subtypes. Excisional lymph node specimens from 94 Japanese iMCD patients (54 IPL, 28 TAFRO, 12 NOS) were analyzed for five key histopathological parameters: germinal center (GC) status, plasmacytosis, vascularity, hemosiderin deposition, and “whirlpool” vessel formation in GC. Using hierarchical clustering, we visualized subgroups and developed a machine learning-based decision tree to differentiate the clinical subtypes and validated it in an external cohort of 12 patients with iMCD. Hierarchical cluster analysis separated the IPL and TAFRO cases into mutually exclusive clusters, whereas the NOS cases were interspersed between them. Decision tree modeling identified plasmacytosis, vascularity, and whirlpool vessel formation as key features distinguishing IPL from TAFRO, achieving 91% and 92% accuracy in the training and test sets, respectively. External validation correctly classified all IPL and TAFRO cases, confirming the reproducibility of the system. Our histopathological classification system closely aligns with the clinical subtypes, offering a more precise approach to iMCD subtyping. It may enhance diagnostic accuracy, guide clinical decision-making for predicting treatment response in challenging cases, and improve patient selection for future research. Further validation of its versatility and clinical utility is required.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.American Chemical Society (ACS)Acta Medica Okayama1523-70602025Transformation of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes with a Small Amount of Electricity: Cyanosilylation, Isomerization, and Nucleophilic AdditionENMayuFujiiDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNanahoUenoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoichiMitsudoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityEisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAn electrochemical method was developed to convert α,β-unsaturated aldehydes into carboxylic acid derivatives via cyanosilylation, isomerization, and nucleophilic addition. This reaction is more sustainable than the usual electrochemical organic reaction because this reaction proceeds catalytically with active species generated by a very small amount of electricity. Furthermore, scale-up synthesis with a flow reactor has been achieved.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Clinical variables predicting liver-related events in steatotic liver disease diagnosed by liver biopsyENShinnosukeOKUBOGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Virtual indigo carmine chromoendoscopy images: a novel modality for peroral cholangioscopy using artificial intelligence technology (with video)ENRyosukeSATOGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Functional remodeling of intraperitoneal macrophages by oncolytic adenovirus restores anti-tumor immunity for peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancerENMotoyasuTABUCHIGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama0893-39523882025The Involvement of PI3K–Akt Signaling in the Clinical and Pathological Findings of Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease–Thrombocytopenia, Anasarca, Fever, Reticulin Fibrosis, and Organomegaly and Not Otherwise Specified Subtypes100782ENTomokaHaratakeDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMichael V.GonzalezCenter for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaDaisukeEnnishiCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalYou ChengLaiDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung UniversitySayakaOchiDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesManakaTsunodaDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesDavid C.FajgenbaumCenter for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaFritsvan RheeCenter for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaShujiMomoseDepartment of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesIdiopathic multicentric Castleman disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that is clinically classified into idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy (IPL); thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly (TAFRO); and not otherwise specified (NOS). Although each subtype shows varying degrees of hypervascularity, no statistical data on the degree of vascularization have been reported. Additionally, the mechanisms underlying vascularization in each clinical subtype are poorly understood. Here, we aimed to clarify these mechanisms by evaluating the histopathological characteristics of each clinical subtype across 37 patients and performing a whole-transcriptome analysis focusing on angiogenesis-related gene expression. Histologically, TAFRO and NOS exhibited a significantly higher degree of vascularization than IPL (IPL vs TAFRO, P < .001; IPL vs NOS, P = .002). In addition, the germinal centers (GCs) were significantly more atrophic in TAFRO than in IPL. In TAFRO and NOS, “whirlpool vessels” in GCs were seen in most cases (TAFRO, 9/9, 100%; NOS, 6/8, 75%) but not in IPL (IPL vs TAFRO, P < .001; IPL vs NOS, P = .007). Likewise, immunostaining for Ets-related gene revealed higher levels in endothelial cells of GCs in TAFRO than in IPL (P = .014), and TAFRO and NOS were associated with a significantly higher number of endothelial cells in interfollicular areas compared with that in IPL (TAFRO vs IPL, P < .001; NOS vs IPL, P = .002). Gene expression analysis revealed that the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway was significantly enriched in the TAFRO and NOS (TAFRO/NOS) groups. This pathway, which may be activated by vascular endothelial growth factor A and some integrins, is known to affect angiogenesis by increasing vascular permeability, which may explain the clinical manifestations of anasarca and/or fluid retention in TAFRO/NOS. These results suggest that the PI3K–Akt pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of TAFRO/NOS.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7932025Investigation of Cup Placement Position in Total Hip Arthroplasty with Cup-side Implant Placement in Computed Tomography Horizontal Sections177184ENShuroFuruichiDepartment of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical SchoolShigeruMitaniDepartment of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical SchoolHirosukeEndoDepartment of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical SchoolYoshifumiNambaDepartment of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical SchoolToyohiroKawamotoDepartment of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical SchoolOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/68725The position attained in total hip arthroplasty (THA) is ideally in the center of the horizontal plane of the acetabulum. However, central placement is not always possible. We hypothesized that differences in approach result in individual differences in cup positioning; thus, we investigated the cup positions of 217 hips that underwent THA. The acetabulum’s anteroposterior diameter was measured, and the cups placed within 2 mm of the line perpendicular to the center as a central placement (central). Of the 217 hips, 68, 114, and 35 hips were anterior, central, and posterior, respectively. In 21 hips, anteroposterior deviation was noted. Among patients operated using the anterolateral approach, 48, 93, and 30 hips were anterior, central, and posterior, respectively. Among those operated using the posterolateral approach, 16, 20, and 4 hips were anterior, central, and posterior, respectively. The cup position shifted either anteriorly or posteriorly to the acetabulum in approximately half of all hips operated using both approaches and tended to shift anteriorly in the hips operated using the posterolateral approach. During THA surgery, it is important to operate with awareness of the center of the acetabulum.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.American Chemical Society (ACS)Acta Medica Okayama1523-706027182025Electrochemical Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohols via Hydrogen Atom Transfer Mediated by 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol47374741ENTakahiroKawajiriAPI R&D Laboratory, Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd.MasahiroHosoyaAPI R&D Laboratory, Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd.SatoshiGodaAPI R&D Laboratory, Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd.EisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityWe report a novel electrochemical oxidation of benzyl alcohols. We found that trifluoroethanol plays a role as a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mediator, enabling the oxidation of electron-deficient substrates that are difficult to directly oxidize on electrode surfaces. Density functional theory calculations, cyclic voltammetry measurements, and constant potential electrolysis studies supported the proposed HAT mechanism. Moreover, the obtained carbonyl compounds could be functionalized in an electrochemical one-pot manner, further highlighting their synthetic utility.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155813712025令和５年度岡山医学会賞 がん研究奨励賞（林原賞・山田賞）79ENTomohiroUrataDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Informa UK LimitedActa Medica Okayama0737-39374362025Spray-drying of polymer solutions across a broad concentration range and the subsequent formation of a few micro- ∼nano-meter sized fibers11081116ENChikaAragaDivision of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKaitoFukushimaDivision of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHarunaSatoDivision of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNaoHondaDivision of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTakatoHasegawaDivision of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoichiNakasoDivision of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNaoyukiIshidaDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha UniversityKoreyoshiImamuraDivision of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySpray drying is a widely utilized technique for the concentration and fine particulation of dried products. This study demonstrated that a versatile spray dryer, equipped with a two-fluid nozzle atomizer, can convert polymer solutions into nanoscale fibers by manipulating the conditions of the polymer solutions. The polymers employed in this research included polyvinylpyrrolidones (Mw 24.5 k to 60 kDa), dextrans (70 k to 450–650 kDa), pullulan, gum Arabic, Eudragit and agar, with methanol and water serving as solvents. Various combinations of polymers and solvents were subjected to spray drying at polymer concentrations ranging from 5 to 1000 g/L. Scanning electron microscopy analyses of the spray-dried samples indicated that the products transitioned from micrometer-sized particles to sub-micrometer fibers in several instances when the polymer concentrations exceeded specific threshold levels. The investigation also explored the relationship between these threshold concentrations and the surface tension and viscosity of the polymer solutions.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7922025Safe Resection of Esophageal Cancer with a Non-Recurrent Inferior Laryngeal Nerve Associated with an Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery Using Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring139144ENYasushigeTakedaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalKazuhiroNomaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalNaoakiMaedaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalYoheiMizusawaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalHijiriMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalYuheiKondoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalTomoyoshiKunitomoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalYukinoriTanoueDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalMasashiHashimotoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalShunsukeTanabeDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalToshiyoshiFujiwaraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University HospitalCase Report10.18926/AMO/68654In thoracic esophageal cancer, lymph node dissection around the recurrent laryngeal nerve is crucial but poses a risk of nerve palsy, affecting postoperative quality of life. In cases with an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA), the right recurrent laryngeal nerve is absent, and the non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (NRILN) enters the larynx directly from the vagus nerve in the cervical region. Identifying the course of the NRILN is vital to avoid injury. A case of esophageal cancer with an ARSA, in which the course of the NRILN was preserved using the Nerve Integrity Monitoring (NIM) system during surgery, is described.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7922025A Case of Retinitis Pigmentosa Diagnosed with Severe Anterior Capsule Contraction after Cataract Surgery129134ENAkihiroTsujiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYusukeShiodeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShuheiKimuraDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMioHosokawaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyoMatobaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTetsuroMoritaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKosukeTakahashiFukuyama City Hospital, Fukuyama CityYukiMorizaneDepartment of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesCase Report10.18926/AMO/68652A 66-year-old woman presented with significant anterior capsule contraction and intraocular lens dislocation in both eyes 4 months after cataract surgery. Postoperative examinations such as fluorescein angiography, Goldmann perimetry, and electroretinography revealed retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Patients with significant anterior capsule contraction after cataract surgery should be closely examined because RP may be a contributing factor.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7922025Association between the Pretreatment Body Mass Index and Anamorelin’s Efficacy in Patients with Cancer Cachexia: A Retrospective Cohort Study6573ENMasatoshiMakiDepartment of Hospital Pharmacy, NHO Fukuyama Medical CenterRyoTakadaDepartment of Hospital Pharmacy, NHO Fukuyama Medical CenterTomoyukiIshigoDepartment of Pharmacy, Sapporo Medical University HospitalMikiFujiwaraDepartment of Hospital Pharmacy, NHO Fukuyama Medical CenterYokoTakahashiDepartment of Hospital Pharmacy, NHO Fukuyama Medical CenterShinyaOtsukaDepartment of Surgery, NHO Fukuyama Medical CenterKojiTamuraDepartment of Hospital Pharmacy, NHO Fukuyama Medical CenterTerutakaHamaokaDepartment of Hospital Pharmacy, NHO Fukuyama Medical CenterOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/68644Anamorelin (ANAM) is used to treat cancer-associated cachexia, a syndrome involving muscle loss and anorexia. The timing of the initiation of ANAM treatment is crucial to its efficacy. Although the body mass index (BMI) is a diagnostic criterion for cancer cachexia, no studies have explored its association with ANAM efficacy. We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study to investigate the association between the pre-treatment BMI and ANAM efficacy in patients with cancer-associated cachexia (n=47). The ANAM treatment was considered effective if the patient’s appetite improved within 30 days of treatment initiation. We calculated a BMI cutoff value (19.5 kg/m2) and used it to divide the patients into high- and low-BMI groups. Their background, clinical laboratory values, cancer types, and treatment lines were investigated. Twenty (42.6%) had a high BMI (≥ 19.5 kg/m2) and 27 (57.4%) had a low BMI (< 19.5 kg/m2). High BMI was significantly associated with ANAM effectiveness (odds ratio 7.86, 95% confidence interval 1.99-31.00, p=0.003). Together these results indicate that it is beneficial to initiate ANAM treatment before a patient’s BMI drops below 19.5 kg/m2. Our findings will help advance cancer cachexia treatment and serve as a reference for clinicians to predict ANAM’s efficacy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院法務研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1485262025企業法務に携わる法律家に求められているものは何か121132ENMasakiSato10.18926/OLR/68570No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院法務研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1485262025地域組織と連携した法務系人材育成システム・ 還元ルートの構築・強化130ENGoroSatoTakamotoSuzukiTetsuyaOhsakaTakafumiKobayashiNobuhiroOkamuraAkinariTakehisa10.18926/OLR/68564No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.SAGE PublicationsActa Medica Okayama1756-2848182025Clipping closure length is a crucial factor for delayed bleeding after endoscopic papillectomy: a retrospective multicenter cohort studyENYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKiyoakiOchiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Fukuyama City HospitalHitomiHimeiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens HospitalIchiroSakakiharaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Kagawa Prefectural Central HospitalEijiroUetaDepartment of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization, Iwakuni Clinical CenterTatsuyaToyokawaDepartment of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization, Fukuyama Medical CenterRyoHaradaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalTaijiOgawaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Tsuyama Chuo HospitalTakeshiTomodaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama City HospitalHironariKatoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Okayama City HospitalRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalTaisukeObataDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalBackground: Bleeding is a serious and frequent adverse event that occurs during and after endoscopic papillectomy (EP). Previous studies have highlighted the effectiveness of preventive clipping closure of the resection site in preventing post-EP bleeding. However, the optimal length of closure remained unclear. <br>
Objectives: We aimed to clarify the optimal clipping length at the post-EP resection site to prevent delayed bleeding. <br>
Design: This study was a multicenter retrospective cohort study. <br>]
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients who were consecutively admitted to nine high-volume centers for EP between November 2003 and October 2023. The primary outcome was the frequency of delayed bleeding based on the closure length. The optimal closure length rate of the resected site to prevent delayed bleeding was determined using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Secondary outcomes were the incidence, treatment outcomes, and risk factors for post-EP delayed bleeding. <br>
Results: A total of 130 patients who underwent EP were analyzed. Delayed bleeding was observed in 22 (17%) patients, occurring more frequently in cases without clipping closure than in those with clipping closure (28% (13/47) vs 11% (9/83); p = 0.014). Among 83 patients who underwent clipping closure, delayed bleeding occurred more frequently with a closure length rate <65% than in those with a closure rate >= 65% (25% (5/20) vs 6% (4/63); p = 0.019). Multivariate analysis showed that a closure rate <65% was the risk factor for delayed bleeding (odds ratio, 6.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-33; p = 0.030) in cases with clipping. <br>
Conclusion: Clipping closure was effective in preventing delayed bleeding, and closure length rate >= 65% of the resected site significantly reduced post-EP delayed bleeding.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Nature PortfolioActa Medica Okayama2045-23221512025A glucocorticoid-regulating molecule, Fkbp5, may interact with mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in the organ of Corti of mice cochleae7506ENAsukaSatoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyotaroOmichiDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYukihideMaedaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMizuoAndoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesFKBP5 is a 51-Da FK506-binding protein and member of the immunophilin family involved in controlling the signaling of glucocorticoid receptor from the cytosol to nucleus. Fkbp5 has previously been shown to be expressed in murine cochlear tissue, including the organ of Corti (i.e., the sensory epithelium of the cochlea). Fkbp5-/- mice as used in this study show hearing loss in the low-frequency (8-kHz) range and click-evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold compared to wild-type mice. Both Fkbp5-/- and wild-type mice showed hearing loss at all frequencies and click-ABR thresholds at 24 h and 14 days following acoustic overexposure (AO). Tissues of the organ of Corti were subjected to RNA sequencing and KEGG pathway analysis. In Fkbp5-/- mice before AO, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was dysregulated compared to wild-type mice. In wild-type mice at 12 h following AO, the most significantly modulated KEGG pathway was the TNF signaling pathway and major MAPK molecules p38 and Jun were involved in the TNF signaling pathway. In Fkbp5-/- mice at 12 h following AO, the MAPK signaling pathway was dysregulated compared to wild-type mice following AO. In conclusion, Fkbp5 interacts with MAPK signaling in the organ of Corti in mice cochleae.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構Acta Medica Okayama1881-595222025成均館・吉林大学交流プログラム【オンライン】実践報告4970ENYukoFUJIWARAInstitute for Promotion of Education and Campus Life, Okayama UniversitySetsukoAKITAInstitute for Promotion of Education and Campus Life, Okayama UniversityTomomiISHIIInstitute for Promotion of Education and Campus Life, Okayama UniversityMihoSATOInstitute for Promotion of Education and Campus Life, Okayama University10.18926/68453岡山大学教育推進機構初修外国語系が毎年２月にオンラインで実施している「成均館・吉
林大学交流プログラム」は、日中韓三ヵ国の大学の学生が、日本語を共通言語として、複
数の文化・言語、学習言語と母語の違いなどを包摂した場で生じるコミュニケーション上
の問題を解決しながら、様々な話題のディスカッションやプレゼンテーションを行なう。
本実践報告は、このプログラムの趣旨と成果、また実践に当たっての様々な課題とそれに
対する取り組みについて報告し、コロナ後の国際交流の一つのモデルとなることを期待す
るものである。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465632025Multinational M&A in Upstream Industry and Organizational Change3555ENMisatoSatoFaculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University10.18926/OER/68445 This study explores the boundary response of domestic firms faced with increased openness to new foreign multinational M&A in an intermediate-input market in a host country. We develop a theoretical framework to study the impact of new foreign multinational M&A on the wholesale price of intermediate inputs as a key market condition in the host country and explore how the intermediate-input prices affect the organizational choice of domestic firms between domestic vertical integration and outsourcing. We find that new foreign multinational M&A raises the intermediate-input prices and facilitates the firms’ choice of domestic vertical integration.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1380-37434532025Rapid development of naked malting barley germplasm through targeted mutagenesis32ENHiroshiHisanoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityHiroakiSakaiResearch Center for Advanced Analysis, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationMikaHamaokaInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityHiromiMunemoriInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityFumitakaAbeInstitute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationBrigidMeintsDepartment Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State UniversityKazuhiroSatoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityPatrick M.HayesDepartment Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State UniversityCovered barley (Hordeum vulgare) has historically been preferred for malting, as the husk in this plant protects the embryo during harvest and acts as a filter during brewing. Naked barley, which is typically used as food, has the potential to be used in brewing due to recent technical advances, but the grains contain higher levels of β-glucan and polyphenols, which are undesirable in brewing. Introducing the naked trait into brewing cultivars through crossing is time-consuming due to the need to eliminate these undesirable traits. In this study, we rapidly developed naked barley that is potentially suitable for malting by introducing targeted mutations into Nudum (NUD) using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis. The doubled haploid line ‘DH120366’, which was used as the parental line, was derived from a cross between two covered malting barley cultivars. We generated CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenized barley harboring mutations in NUD via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and confirmed the presence of mosaic mutations in one individual from among 16 T0 transformants. We sowed T1 grains exhibiting the naked trait and sequenced the NUD gene in these T1 seedlings, identifying two types of mutations. Shotgun high-throughput whole-genome sequencing confirmed the absence of the transgene in at least one nud mutant line following k-mer-based analysis. Cultivation in a closed growth chamber revealed no significant differences in agronomic traits between the nud mutants and the wild type. This study demonstrates the feasibility of rapidly developing naked barley with potential use for malting and brewing by targeting only NUD via targeted mutagenesis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231882025小学校家庭科における古ワイシャツを用いたリメイクエプロン製作の実践と検討 ― ESDを視点とした家庭科教育内容開発研究（Ⅳ）―85104ENSonoSATOFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityMichikoHIRATAKurashiki Washu High SchoolAkikoNOBUKIYOKibichuo Town Toyono Elementary School10.18926/bgeou/68417 本継続研究の目的は，学校教育に社会的使命として求められているESDを視点とした小・中・高等学校家庭科の教育内容開発を行うことにある。本稿では，小学校家庭科において，従来，最も多くの学習時間が充てられてきた「被服製作学習」が「布を用いた製作」となり，製作時間短縮のために，市販のキットを用いた袋類やエプロン製作が実践されていることに着目し，古ワイシャツを用いたリメイクエプロンの製作を通して，児童に「自分と被服との関係」と「リメイクの意味」を考えさせる授業を開発し，この実践結果から小学校家庭科における「製作学習」の問い直しを行った。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPIActa Medica Okayama2304-67671322025Study of Podoplanin-Deficient Mouse Bone with Mechanical Stress61ENTakenoriKanaiDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido UniversityKyokoOsawaDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido UniversityKoichiroKajiwaraDepartment of Oral Growth & Development, Hokkaido UniversityYoshiakiSatoDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido UniversityYoshihikoSawaDepartment of Oral Function & Anatomy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesObjective: We investigated morphological differences in osteocyte processes between aged mice and our original podoplanin-conditional knockout (cKO) mice in which the floxed exon 3 of podoplanin was deleted by Dmp-1-driven Cre (Dmp1-Cre;PdpnΔ/Δ). Methods: SEM observation on osteocyte cell process, histochemistry for bone remodeling with mechanostress, and RT-PCR for RANKL and M-CSF in podoplanin cKO mouse bone with mechanostress was investigated. Results: SEM observations showed fewer and thinner osteocyte processes in femurs from 23-week-old Dmp1-Cre;PdpnΔ/Δ mice than from 23-week-old wild-type mice, while the numbers of osteocyte processes in femurs and calvarias were similar in 23-week-old Dmp1-Cre;PdpnΔ/Δ mice and 48-week-old wild-type mice. Furthermore, cell process numbers in femurs and calvarias were significantly smaller in 23-week-old Dmp1-Cre;PdpnΔ/Δ mice than in 48-week-old wild-type mice. In the test for differences in alveolar bone resorption under mechanical stress between Dmp1-Cre;PdpnΔ/Δ and wild-type mice, the area of TRAP-positive resorption pits was larger in wild-type mice than in Dmp1-Cre;PdpnΔ/Δ mice. In a quantitative tissue PCR analysis, the mRNA expression levels of RANKL and M-CSF in alveolar bone under mechanical stress were significantly lower in Dmp1-Cre;PdpnΔ/Δ mice than in wild-type mice. These results suggest that a reduction in cell process formation in osteocytes with podoplanin cKO affected the absorption of alveolar bone under mechanical stress in Dmp1-Cre;PdpnΔ/Δ mice. Conclusions: In podoplanin-deficient bone, the deformation of osteocyte processes by mechanical stimuli is not recognized as a stress due to the lower number of cell processes with podoplanin deficiency; therefore, the production of osteoclast migration/differentiation factors by activated osteocytes is not fully induced and macrophage migration to alveolar bone with mechanical stress appeared to be suppressed. These results indicate that podoplanin-dependent osteocyte process formation indirectly plays a key role in sensing mechanical stress in bone.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama2769-2558412025A case of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with clozapine-induced agranulocytosise70077ENAkiyoshiYokodeDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University HospitalMasakiFujiwaraDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University HospitalToshikiTeraoDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalShinjiSakamotoDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University HospitalYutoYamadaDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyotaSatoOkayama Psychiatric Medical CenterMomokoMishimaOkayama Psychiatric Medical CenterYujiYadaOkayama Psychiatric Medical CenterKen-IchiMatsuokaDepartment of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesManabuTakakiDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesBackground: Clozapine-induced agranulocytosis (CLIA) is a rare but serious complication. Fever associated with CLIA is typically treated with broad-spectrum antimicrobials, but empiric antifungal therapy is rarely used. While bacterial and viral infections have been reported in CLIA cases, no cases of fungal infections complicated by CLIA have been documented. We report the first case of CLIA complicated by invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in a patient with schizophrenia. The diagnosis of IPA was made using serum beta-D-glucan, Aspergillus galactomannan antigen tests, and chest computed tomography (CT). <br>
Case presentation: We present a case of a 51-year-old man with schizophrenia who developed CLIA complicated by IPA. The patient, diagnosed with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, was started on clozapine, but 9 months later he presented with fever, cough, leukopenia, and neutropenia. Clozapine was discontinued, and empirical treatments with cefepime and filgrastim were initiated. Serum beta-D-glucan and Aspergillus galactomannan antigen tests were positive, and chest CT showed well-circumscribed nodules, leading to a probable diagnosis of IPA. Antifungal therapy was switched from micafungin to voriconazole according to guidelines. His neutropenia and fever improved, and he was re-transferred to a psychiatric hospital. <br>
Conclusion: CLIA can be complicated by fungal infections. When patients with CLIA present with fever, fungal infections, including IPA, should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Serological tests, including beta-D-glucan and Aspergillus galactomannan, are useful for the diagnosis of IPA as well as the appropriate use of antifungal agents in patients with CLIA.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0361-860996102021Validated international definition of the thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and organomegaly clinical subtype (TAFRO) of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease12411252ENYoshitoNishimuraDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesDavid C.FajgenbaumCenter for Cytokine Storm Treatment & Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaSheila K.PiersonCenter for Cytokine Storm Treatment & Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaNorikoIwakiHematology/Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical ScienceAsamiNishikoriDivision of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMitsuhiroKawanoDepartment of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical ScienceNaoyaNakamuraDepartment of Pathology, Tokai University School of MedicineKojiIzutsuDepartment of Hematology, National Cancer Center HospitalKengoTakeuchiDepartment of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer ResearchMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshinobuMaedaDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesFumioOtsukaDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesKazuyukiYoshizakiDepartment of Organic Fine Chemicals, Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka UniversityEricOksenhendlerDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-LouisFritsvan RheeMyeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesYasuharuSatoDivision of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesThrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome is a heterogeneous entity manifesting with a constellation of symptoms described above that can occur in the context of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) as well as infectious diseases, malignancies, and rheumatologic disorders. So, iMCD-TAFRO is an aggressive subtype of iMCD with TAFRO syndrome and often hyper-vascularized lymph nodes. Since we proposed diagnostic criteria of iMCD-TAFRO in 2016, we have accumulated new insights on the disorder and additional cases have been reported worldwide. In this systematic review and cohort analysis, we established and validated a definition for iMCD-TAFRO. First, we searched PubMed and Japan Medical Abstracts Society databases using the keyword “TAFRO” to extract cases. Patients with possible systemic autoimmune diseases and hematologic malignancies were excluded. Our search identified 54 cases from 50 articles. We classified cases into three categories: (1) iMCD-TAFRO (TAFRO syndrome with lymph node histopathology consistent with iMCD), (2) possible iMCD-TAFRO (TAFRO syndrome with no lymph node biopsy performed and no other co-morbidities), and (3) TAFRO without iMCD or other co-morbidities (TAFRO syndrome with lymph node histopathology not consistent with iMCD or other comorbidities). Based on the findings, we propose an international definition requiring four clinical criteria (thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever/hyperinflammatory status, organomegaly), renal dysfunction or characteristic bone marrow findings, and lymph node features consistent with iMCD. The definition was validated with an external cohort (the ACCELERATE Natural History Registry). The present international definition will facilitate a more precise and comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of iMCD-TAFRO.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japanese Society for Lymphoreticular Tissue ResearchActa Medica Okayama1346-42806422024Atypical lymphoplasmacytic and immunoblastic proliferation: A Systematic Review97106ENMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesToshiakiTakahashiDepartment of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’iKensukeTakaokaDepartment of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’iSharinaMacapagalDepartment of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’iChalothornWannaphutDepartment of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’iAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesHirokoTodaDepartment of Pathology, Chugoku Central HospitalYoshitoNishimuraDepartment of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai’iYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesAtypical lymphoplasmacytic and immunoblastic proliferation (ALPIBP) was first reported in 1984 as characteristic histological findings in lymph nodes associated with autoimmune diseases, but it has not been clearly defined to date. To summarize the histological characteristics and clinical diagnoses associated with ALPIBP, we searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for all peer-reviewed articles using keywords including “atypical lymphoplasmacytic and immunoblastic lymphadenopathy” from their inception to December 27, 2023. We also summarized the courses of three cases with a pathological diagnosis of ALPIBP. Nine articles with 52 cases were included. Among the total of 55 cases, including the three from our institution, the median age of the cases was 63.5 years with a female predominance (69.5%). Lymphadenopathy was generalized in 65.6% and regional in 34.4% of cases. RA (24.4%), SLE (24.4%), and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (20.0%), were common clinical diagnoses. A combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy was used in 15.6% of cases due to the suspicion of malignancy. Nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic type, methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, and IgG4-related diseases were listed as important diseases that need to be pathologically differentiated from ALPIBP. This review summarizes the current understanding of the characteristics of ALPIBP. Given that underrecognition of ALPIBP could lead to overdiagnosis of hematological malignancy and unnecessary treatment, increased awareness of the condition in pathologists and clinicians is crucial.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0309-01672025Kikuchi‐Fujimoto disease: investigating comprehensive clinicopathological features and risk factors for recurrenceENMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesChikakoSakaoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYukaKurokawaDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYoshitoNishimuraDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesHidetakaYamamotoDepartment of Pathology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesAims: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare disease that typically manifests with fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Little is known about the risk factors associated with recurrence and their correlation with clinicopathologic features.<br>
Methods and Results: We analysed 112 patients with KFD, predominantly female (61/112, 54.5%), with an average age of 29.4 years. The incidence was higher in males up to the age of 20 and higher in females from their 30s onwards. Of the 70 patients with follow-up data, 23% experienced recurrence. Recurrence was associated with lower C4 levels (P = 0.038) and higher antinuclear antibody (ANA) rates (P = 0.007) compared to transient disease. The mean duration of symptoms was 71.5 days. Lymph node histology in 98 cases (excluding 14 needle biopsy specimens) was classified into three patterns: proliferative (n = 75, 77%), necrotizing (n = 22, 22%), and xanthomatous (n = 1, 1%). The necrotizing pattern associated with significantly enlarged lymph nodes (P = 0.047) and a longer symptom duration (P = 0.009) than the proliferating pattern. The number of CD4-positive lymphocytes was significantly lower in the necrotizing type than in the proliferative type (P < 0.001).<br>
Conclusion: These results indicated that low C4 levels and positive ANA were associated with KFD recurrence. Although the aetiology of KFD remains elusive, given that some cases develop autoimmune disease, the results suggest that patients with recurrent KFD represent an intermediate status between those with transient KFD and those with overt autoimmune disease. The comprehensive clinicopathological findings of this study may be useful for elucidating its pathogenesis and predicting the clinical course.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1865-72571822025A case of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma growing within the pancreatic duct mimicking an intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm376382ENRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMayuUkaDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesKoseiTakagiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesKenjiNishidaDepartment of Pathology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineTakehiroTanakaDepartment of Pathology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalWe herein report a case of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) that developed within the pancreatic duct and was initially diagnosed as an intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm (ITPN). A 76-year-old man presented with weight loss and main pancreatic duct dilation. The imaging studies revealed a 30-mm hypovascular tumor within the main duct of the pancreatic head. An endoscopic examination with a biopsy revealed high-grade atypical epithelial cells with immunostaining patterns suggestive of ITPN. Following robot-assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy, postoperative pathology revealed conflicting features: nodular/cribriform infiltrations typical of ITPN and non-lobular replacement with scattered infiltrations characteristic of PDAC. A comprehensive genomic profiling test detected KRAS and TP53 mutations, leading to the final diagnosis of PDAC (fT3N1aM0, stage IIB). The patient received adjuvant S-1 chemotherapy and remained recurrence-free for 15 months post-surgery. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of differentiating intraductal pancreatic tumors and demonstrates the utility of integrating genetic testing with conventional diagnostic modalities for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment selection.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7912025Photoinitiators Induce Histamine Production in Human Mast Cells5158ENTaroMiuraDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoichiKawasakiLaboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri UniversityHirofumiHamanoDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshitoZamamiDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshiakiSendoDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/68362Photoinitiators are used in the manufacture of many daily products, and may produce harmful effects due to their cytotoxicity. They have also been detected in human serum. Here, we investigated the histamine-producing effects in HMC-1 cells and the inflammatory cytokine release effects in RAW264 cells for four photoinitiators: 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone; 2-isopropylthioxanthone; methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate; and 2-methyl-4´-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone. All four promoted histamine production in HMC-1 cells; however, they did not significantly affect the release of inflammatory cytokines in RAW264 cells. These findings suggest that these four photoinitiators induce inflammatory cytokine-independent histamine production, potentially contributing to histamine-mediated chronic inflammation in vitro.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7912025Immediate Effects of a Single Home-based Rehabilitation Treatment on Balance Performance and Toe-Grip Strength in Elderly Subjects Continuing the Same Rehabilitation Program4750ENKazunoriKojimaDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama Healthcare Professional UniversityTakuyaUjikawaDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kawasaki University of Medical WelfareToshiroOnoDepartment of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama Healthcare Professional UniversityOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/68361We assessed the immediate effects of a home-based rehabilitation (HBR) program on the balance performance and toe-grip strength of 29 older adults (mean±SD age of 75.1±9.9; 16 males, 13 females) who were participating in HBR services provided by Japan’s nursing care insurance system. Their toe-grip strength and balance performance were measured before and after the HBR program. The subjects’ toe-grip strength was significantly improved after the treatment. The subjects who had had a stroke showed a significant improvement after HBR. Contrarily, no significant difference was observed in the subjects’ functional reach results or their one-leg standing time. These results indicate that the exercise regimen provided in the HBR program led to increased excitability of motor units and immediately enhanced the subjects’ toe-grip strength.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7912025Could the Trabecular Bone Score Be a Complementary Tool for Evaluating Degenerative Lumbar Vertebrae?3945ENShinichiroTakaoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKojiUotaniDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHaruoMisawaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomokoTetsunagaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKensukeShinoharaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKentaroYamaneDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshiakiOdaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHironoriTsujiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYuyaKajikiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshifumiOzakiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/68360Evaluating vertebral bone mass and quality in the elderly poses challenges due to degenerative changes. This study aims to elucidate the usefulness of the trabecular bone score (TBS) by examining the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), TBS, and Hounsfield unit (HU) values. A retrospective analysis of 599 vertebrae from 152 patients (mean age 69.0 years; range 44-89; 74 males and 78 females) undergoing dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and CT scans was conducted. Vertebrae were categorized into three grades based on the degree of degeneration. The TBS was calculated from DXA images, and the HU value was measured by placing a region of interest on an axial image of the vertebral mid-body. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson’s correlation tests were employed to investigate the relationship between BMD and TBS or HU values. While lumbar BMD significantly increased (p<0.01) with degenerative changes, TBS and HU values showed no significant differences. The correlations between lumbar BMD and TBS values, and between BMD and HU values, were stronger without degenerative changes than with degenerative changes. Significantly different HU values were observed between the right and left sides of severely degenerated vertebrae. Severe degenerative changes, particularly those associated with sclerosis, may impact HU values. TBS exhibits greater potential than HU values as a complementary tool.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7912025Gastrectomy Causes an Imbalance in the Trunk Muscles919ENNanamiIkeyaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAtsushiOkitaDepartment of Surgery, Okayama City HospitalShinsukeHashidaDepartment of Surgery, Okayama City HospitalSumiharuYamamotoDepartment of Surgery, Okayama City HospitalHirokuniIkedaDepartment of Surgery, Okayama City HospitalKazunoriTsukudaDepartment of Surgery, Okayama City HospitalShinichiToyookaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/68354Muscle loss negatively affects gastrectomy prognosis. However, muscle loss is recognized as a systemic change, and individual muscle function is often overlooked. We investigated changes in the muscle volume of individual muscles after gastrectomy to identify clues for prognostic factors and optimal rehabilitation programs. Patients who underwent R0 gastrectomy for Stage I gastric cancer at our hospital from 2015 to 2021 were retrospectively selected to minimize the effects of malignancy and chemotherapy. Trunk muscle volume was measured by computed tomography to analyze body composition changes. Statistical analysis was performed to identify risk factors related to body composition changes. We compared the preoperative and 6-month postoperative conditions of 59 patients after gastrectomy. There was no difference in the psoas major muscle, a conventional surrogate marker of sarcopenia. There were significant decreases in the erector spinae (p=0.01) and lateral abdominal (p=0.01) muscles, and a significant increase in the rectus abdominis muscle (p=0.02). No significant correlation was found between these muscle changes and nutritional status. Body composition imbalance may serve as a new indicator of the general condition of patients after gastrectomy. Rehabilitation to correct this imbalance may improve prognosis after gastrectomy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama2692-4609512025Efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasonography-guided radiofrequency ablation of small pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: A prospective, pilot studye70073ENKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYasutoTakeuchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalHironariKatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKeiHaradaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalNaoHattoriDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalTaisukeObataDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyaYasuiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Transplant and Surgical Oncology, Okayama University HospitalRyoHaradaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalMasakuniFujiiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Okayama Saiseikai General HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalObjectives: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided radiofrequency ablation has recently been introduced as one of the management strategies for small pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs). However, prospective data on its safety and efficacy remain limited.<br>
Methods: This prospective pilot study was conducted at Okayama University Hospital from May 2023 to December 2024. Patients with grade 1 PNENs <= 15 mm, confirmed by EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration, were included. The primary endpoint was safety (adverse events [AEs] evaluated according to the 2010 guidelines of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Severe AEs were defined as moderate or higher in American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy grading and grade >= 3. Secondary endpoints included efficacy (complete response on contrast-enhanced computed tomography at 1 and 6 months), treatment details, device failure, diabetes mellitus exacerbation, and overall survival at 6 months.<br>
Results: Five patients with non-functional PNENs (median age: 64 years; median tumor size: 10 mm) were treated. AEs occurred in two patients (40%, 2/5), although none was severe. Both patients developed asymptomatic pseudocysts, one experienced mild pancreatitis, and both resolved with conservative treatment. The complete response rates on contrast-enhanced computed tomography at one and 6 months were 100%. The median procedure time was 16 min without any device failure, and the median hospitalization was 5 days. None of the patients developed new-onset or worsening diabetes mellitus. The 6-month overall survival rate was 100%.<br>
Conclusion: EUS-guided radiofrequency ablation demonstrated a high complete response rate with no severe AEs in this pilot study, suggesting a minimally invasive option for small, low-grade PNENs (jRCTs062230014).No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.American Physiological SocietyActa Medica Okayama1931-857X32662024Preventive effects of vasohibin-2-targeting peptide vaccine for diabetic nephropathyF1054F1065ENYuriNakashimaDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesKatsuyukiTanabeDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomoyoMifuneDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakatoNakadoiDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesHirokiHayashiDepartment of Health Development and Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of MedicineHironoriNakagamiDepartment of Health Development and Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of MedicineYasufumiSatoNew Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku UniversityJunWadaDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesDiabetic nephropathy remains the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease in many countries, and additional therapeutic targets are needed to prevent its development and progression. Some angiogenic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Vasohibin-2 (VASH2) is a novel proangiogenic factor, and our previous study showed that glomerular damage is inhibited in diabetic Vash2 homozygous knockout mice. Therefore, we established a VASH2-targeting peptide vaccine as a tool for anti-VASH2 therapy in diabetic nephropathy. In this study, the preventive effects of the VASH2-targeting peptide vaccine against glomerular injury were examined in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model. The mice were subcutaneously injected with the vaccine at two doses 2 wk apart and then intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg STZ for 5 consecutive days. Glomerular injury was evaluated 20 wk after the first vaccination. Treatment with the VASH2-targeting peptide vaccine successfully induced circulating anti-VASH2 antibody without inflammation in major organs. Although the vaccination did not affect blood glucose levels, it significantly prevented hyperglycemia-induced increases in urinary albumin excretion and glomerular volume. The vaccination did not affect increased VASH2 expression but significantly inhibited renal angiopoietin-2 (Angpt2) expression in the diabetic mice. Furthermore, it significantly prevented glomerular macrophage infiltration. The preventive effects of vaccination on glomerular injury were also confirmed in db/db mice. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that the VASH2-targeting peptide vaccine may prevent diabetic glomerular injury in mice by inhibiting Angpt2-mediated microinflammation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.University of South Bohemia in Ceske BudejoviceActa Medica Okayama1214-021X2122023Antioxidant action of xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat protects the liver and blood vasculature in SHRSP5/Dmcr rats8090ENMaiKakimotoOkayama University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Medical TechnologyMoeFujiiOkayama University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Medical TechnologyIkumiSatoOkayama University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Medical TechnologyKokiHonmaOkayama University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Medical TechnologyHinakoNakayamaOkayama University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Medical TechnologySoraKiriharaOkayama University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Medical TechnologyTaketoFukuokaOkayama University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical TechnologyShangRanOkayama University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Medical TechnologySatoshiHirohataOkayama University, Academic Field of Health ScienceKazuyaKitamoriKinjo Gakuin University, College of Human Life and EnvironmentShuseiYamamotoOkayama University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Medical TechnologyShogoWatanabeOkayama University, Academic Field of Health ScienceBackground: Xanthine oxidase (XO) generates reactive oxygen species during uric acid production. Therefore, XO inhibitors, which suppress oxidative stress, may effectively treat non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and atherosclerosis via uric acid reduction. In this study, we examined the antioxidant effect of the XO inhibitor febuxostat on NASH and atherosclerosis in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive 5 (SHRSP5/Dmcr) rats.<br>
Methods: SHRSP5/Dmcr rats were divided into three groups: SHRSP5/Dmcr + high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFC) diet [control group, n = 5], SHRSP5/Dmcr + HFC diet + 10% fructose (40 ml/day) [fructose group, n = 5], and SHRSP5/Dmcr + HFC diet + 10% fructose (40 ml/day) + febuxostat (1.0 mg/kg/day) [febuxostat group, n = 5]. Glucose and insulin resistance, blood biochemistry, histopathological staining, endothelial function, and oxidative stress markers were evaluated.<br>
Results: Febuxostat reduced the plasma uric acid levels. Oxidative stress-related genes were downregulated, whereas antioxidant factor-related genes were upregulated in the febuxostat group compared with those in the fructose group. Febuxostat also ameliorated inflammation, fibrosis, and lipid accumulation in the liver. Mesenteric lipid deposition decreased in the arteries, and aortic endothelial function improved in the febuxostat group.<br>
Conclusions: Overall, the XO inhibitor febuxostat exerted protective effects against NASH and atherosclerosis in SHRSP5/Dmcr rats.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.ElsevierActa Medica Okayama0006-497114582025Oral Inflammation and Microbiome Dysbiosis Exacerbate Chronic Graft-versus-host Disease881896ENYuiKambaraDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Medical SchoolHideakiFujiwaraDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalAkiraYamamotoDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyoshiGotohDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesShumaTsujiDepartment of Microbiology and Genetics, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMariKunihiroDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTadashiOyamaDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshikiTeraoDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAyameSatoDivision of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalTakehiroTanakaDepartment of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesDanielPeltierDivision of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of MedicineKeisukeSeikeDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalHisakazuNishimoriDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalNoboruAsadaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeEnnishiCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalKeikoFujiiDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University HospitalNobuharuFujiiDivision of Blood Transfusion, Okayama University HospitalKen-ichiMatsuokaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalYoshihikoSogaDivision of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalPavanReddyDan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of MedicineMaedaYoshinobuDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalThe oral microbiota, second in abundance to the gut, is implicated in chronic systemic diseases, but its specific role in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) pathogenesis has been unclear. Our study finds that mucositis-induced oral dysbiosis in patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) associated with increased chronic GVHD (cGVHD), even in patients receiving posttransplant cyclophosphamide. In murine HCT models, oral dysbiosis caused by bilateral molar ligatures exacerbated cGVHD and increased bacterial load in the oral cavity and gut, with Enterococcaceae significantly increasing in both organs. In this model, the migration of Enterococcaceae to cervical lymph nodes both before and after transplantation activated antigen-presenting cells, thereby promoting the expansion of donor-derived inflammatory T cells. Based on these results, we hypothesize that pathogenic bacteria increase in the oral cavity might not only exacerbate local inflammation but also enhance systemic inflammation throughout the HCT course. Additionally, these bacteria translocated to the gut and formed ectopic colonies, further amplifying systemic inflammation. Furthermore, interventions targeting the oral microbiome mitigated murine cGVHD. Collectively, our findings highlight the importance of oral dysbiosis in cGVHD and suggest that modulation of the oral microbiome during transplantation may be an effective approach for preventing or treating cGVHD.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.American Chemical Society (ACS)Acta Medica Okayama1523-706026512024Electrogenerated Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Claisen Rearrangement of Allyl Aryl Ethers1111111116ENYutaNikiDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoichiMitsudoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityEisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityCatalysts for Claisen rearrangement have been intensively studied to overcome the need for high temperature. However, previous studies have encountered challenges, such as the need for heating, a long reaction time, and/or the need for equivalent amounts of catalyst. In this study, we introduce an effective electrogenerated boron-based Lewis acid catalyst for the aromatic Claisen rearrangement, which proceeds in a few minutes at ambient temperature. Generation of the electrogenerated Lewis acid catalyst is discussed based on NMR analysis and DFT calculations.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231872024高等学校「家庭」における主体的・対話的で深い学びを目指す ICT を活用した授業開発（Ⅱ） ―「 なぜ，生涯を見通した食事計画を立てる必要があるのか」の開発と実践 ―7799ENSonoSATOFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityChikaHASEGAWAOkayama Mitsu Senior High School10.18926/bgeou/67896 本継続研究では，2016年の知識基盤社会を生きる力の育成を目的とした教育改革において，「社会に開かれた教育課程」の実現のために，授業改善の課題とされた「主体的・対話的で深い学びの実現」と「適切なICT活用による学習活動の充実」に焦点を当て，高等学校普通科目の家庭科において，「主体的・対話的で深い学び」とそれにつながるICT活用の検討による授業開発研究を行い，「主体的・対話的で深い学び」を成立させる授業構成の条件を検討することを目的とした。本稿では，家庭科の「深い学び」に不可欠な「自分と食事計画との関係」を探究する授業「なぜ，生涯を見通した食事計画を立てる必要があるのか」の開発と実践結果を中心に報告する。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPIActa Medica Okayama2072-669416232024Frequency and Significance of Body Weight Loss During Immunochemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer4089ENMasatakaTaokaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesEikiIchiharaCenter for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University HospitalToshihideYokoyamaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Ohara Healthcare Foundation, Kurashiki Central HospitalKojiInoueDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Ehime Prefectural Central HospitalTomokiTamuraDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Iwakuni Clinical CenterAkikoSatoDepartment of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical CenterNaohiroOdaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuyama City HospitalHirohisaKanoDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalKayoNakamuraDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Himeji HospitalHaruyukiKawaiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Okayama Saiseikai General HospitalMasaakiInoueDepartment of Chest Surgery, Shimonoseki City HospitalNobuakiOchiDepartment of General Internal Medicine 4 , Kawasaki Medical SchoolNobukazuFujimotoDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama Rosai HospitalHirohisaIchikawaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, KKR Takamatsu HospitalChihiroAndoDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalIsaoOzeDivision of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research InstituteKatsuyukiKiuraDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshinobuMaedaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesKatsuyukiHottaCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalBackground: Limited data are available on the frequency and significance of body weight loss during cancer therapy. This study investigated the frequency of patients who experienced body weight loss during immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) plus chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the impact of weight loss on treatment outcomes. Methods: Using the clinical data of 370 patients with NSCLC who received a combination of ICI and chemotherapy at 13 institutions, this study investigated the frequency of body weight loss > 5% during treatment and determined the impact of body weight loss on patient outcomes. Results: Of the 370 included patients, 141 (38.1%) lost more than 5% of their body weight during ICI plus chemotherapy (WL group). The 2-month landmark analysis showed that patients who experienced body weight loss of >5% during treatment had worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) than those who did not (OS 14.0 and 31.1 months in the WL non-WL groups, respectively, p < 0.001; PFS 6.8 and 10.9 months in the WL non-WL groups, respectively, p = 0.002). Furthermore, a negative impact of body weight loss on survival was observed even in those who had obesity (body mass index [BMI] >= 25.0) at the start of therapy (OS 12.8 and 25.4 months in the WL non-WL groups, respectively, p < 0.001; PFS 5.7 and 10.7 months in the WL non-WL groups, respectively, p = 0.038). Conclusions: In conclusion, weight loss of >5% during ICI plus chemotherapy negatively influenced patient outcomes. Further and broader studies should investigate the role of nutritional status, specifically weight change and nutritional support, in responsiveness to ICI plus chemotherapy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2024Copy Number Analysis of 9p24.1 in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma Arising in Immune Deficiency/DysregulationENKumikoOHSAWAGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2024Small-for-Gestational-Age Status and the Risk of Kawasaki Disease: A Nationwide Birth Cohort in JapanENSatoeTAKANAGAGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPIActa Medica Okayama1661-659625222024Distribution and Incorporation of Extracellular Vesicles into Chondrocytes and Synoviocytes11942ENTakashiOhtsukiDepartment of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityIkumiSatoDepartment of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityRenTakashitaDepartment of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityShintaroKodamaDepartment of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityKentaroIkemuraDepartment of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityGabrielOpokuDepartment of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityShogoWatanabeDepartment of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakayukiFurumatsuDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineHiroshiYamadaDepartment of Neuroscience, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineMitsuruAndoLaboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto UniversityKazunariAkiyoshiDepartment of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversityKeiichiroNishidaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineSatoshiHirohataDepartment of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityOsteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease affecting over 500 million people worldwide. As the population ages and obesity rates rise, the societal burden of OA is increasing. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin-1β, are implicated in the pathogenesis of OA. Recent studies suggest that crosstalk between cartilage and synovium contributes to OA development, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were purified from cell culture-conditioned medium via ultracentrifugation and confirmed using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. We demonstrated that EVs were taken up by human synoviocytes and chondrocytes in vitro, while in vivo experiments revealed that fluorescent-labelled EVs injected into mouse joints were incorporated into chondrocytes and synoviocytes. EV uptake was significantly inhibited by dynamin-mediated endocytosis inhibitors, indicating that endocytosis plays a major role in this process. Additionally, co-culture experiments with HEK-293 cells expressing red fluorescent protein (RFP)-tagged CD9 and the chondrocytic cell line OUMS-27 confirmed the transfer of RFP-positive EVs across a 600-nm but not a 30-nm filter. These findings suggest that EVs from chondrocytes are released into joint fluid and taken up by cells within the cartilage, potentially facilitating communication between cartilage and synovium. The results underscore the importance of EVs in OA pathophysiology.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japan Prosthodontic SocietyActa Medica Okayama1883-19586722023Prosthodontic treatment can improve the ingestible food profile in Japanese adult outpatients189195ENAyaKimura-OnoCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalKenjiMaekawaOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakuoKubokiOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKumikoNawachiOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMasanoriFujisawaMeikai University School of DentistryHironobuSatoFukuoka Dental College Graduate School of Dental ScienceHidekiAitaTohoku University Graduate School of DentistryShigetoKoyamaTohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, JapanMasayukiHideshimaTokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesYujiSatoShowa University School of DentistryHiroyukiWakeTokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKanNagaoTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesYorikaKodaira-UedaTokyo Dental CollegeKatsushiTamakiKanagawa Dental University Graduate SchoolShinsukeSadamoriMinistry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, Chugoku-Shikoku Regional Bureau of Health and WelfareKazuhiroTsugaHiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesYasuhiroNishiKagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTakashiSawaseNagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesHisashiKoshinoHealth Sciences University of Hokkaido School of DentistryShin-ichiMasumiKyushu Dental UniversityKaoruSakuraiTokyo Dental CollegeKanjiIshibashiIwate Medical University School of DentistryTakashiOhyamaTokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesYasumasaAkagawaHiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health SciencesToshihiroHiraiHealth Sciences University of Hokkaido School of DentistryKeiichiSasakiTohoku University Graduate School of DentistryKiyoshiKoyanoKyushu University Faculty of Dental ScienceHirofumiYataniOsaka University Graduate School of DentistryHideoMatsumuraNihon University School of DentistryTetsuoIchikawaTokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesShujiOhkawaMeikai University School of DentistryKazuyoshiBabaShowa University School of DentistryPurpose: To investigate the effect of prosthodontic treatment on the ingestible food profile in adult Japanese outpatients, and to identify the related risk factors that can deteriorate the profile.<br>
Methods: The participants were 277 outpatients who visited university-based specialty clinics in Japan for prosthodontic treatment. The demographic data, number of present teeth assessed via intraoral examination, and oral health-related quality of life assessed by the total Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-J54) scores of all participants were recorded before treatment. Ingestible food profile score (IFS) was recorded using a validated food intake questionnaire. Eligible participants who answered the questionnaire before and after treatment were categorized into five groups based on the prosthodontic treatments they received (i.e., crowns, bridges, removable partial dentures, removable complete dentures, and removable complete and partial dentures).<br>
Results: Multivariate analysis of covariance revealed a statistically significant main effect of prosthodontic intervention (time course: before and after treatment) on mean IFS (P=0.035, F=4.526), even after adjusting for covariates (age, number of present teeth, and treatment modality). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the low number of present teeth (r=0.427, P<0.001) and a high OHIP-J54 total score (r=-0.519, P<0.001) of the patients at the baseline were significantly associated with their baseline IFSs, even after adjusting for confounding variables.<br>
Conclusions: The findings of this multicenter follow-up study indicate the importance of prosthodontic rehabilitation in improving patients’ ingestible food profiles.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Korean Society for ParasitologyActa Medica Okayama2982-51646112023Antimalarial effect of synthetic endoperoxide on synchronized Plasmodium chabaudi infected mice3341ENNagwa S. M.AlyDivision of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHiroakiMatsumoriDivision of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityThi QuyenDinhDivision of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityAkiraSatoDivision of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityShin-IchiMiyoshiDepartment of Sanitary Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKyung-SooChangDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of PusanHak SunYuDepartment of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National UniversityFumieKobayashiDepartment of Environmental Science, School of Life Environmental Science, Azabu UniversityHye-SookKimDivision of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityThe discovery of new antimalarial drugs can be developed using asynchronized Plasmodium berghei malaria parasites in vivo in mice. Studies on a particular stage are also required to assess the effectiveness and mode of action of drugs. In this report, we used endoperoxide 6-(1,2,6,7-tetraoxaspiro [7.11] nonadec-4-yl) hexan-1-ol (N-251) as a model antimalarial compound on P. chabaudi parasites. We examined the antimalarial effect of N-251 against ring-stage- and trophozoite-stage-rich P. chabaudi parasites and asynchronized P. berghei parasites using the 4-day suppressive test. The ED50 values were 27, 22, and 22 mg/kg, respectively, and the antimalarial activity of N-251 was verified in both rodent malaria parasites. To assess the stage-specific effect of N-251 in vivo, we evaluated the change of parasitemia and distribution of parasite stages using ring-stage- and trophozoite-stage-rich P. chabaudi parasites with one-day drug administration for one life cycle. We discovered that the parasitemias decreased after 13 and 9 hours post-treatment in the ring-stage- and trophozoite-stage-rich groups, respectively. Additionally, in the ring-stage-rich N-251 treated group, the ring-stage parasites hindered trophozoite parasite development. For the trophozoite-stage-rich N-251 treated group, the distribution of the trophozoite stage was maintained without a change in parasitemia until 9 hours. Because of these findings, it can be concluded that N-251 suppressed the trophozoite stage but not the ring stage. We report for the first time that N-251 specifically suppresses the trophozoite stage using P. chabaudi in mice. The results show that P. chabaudi is a reliable model for the characterization of stage-specific antimalarial effects.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Korean Society for ParasitologyActa Medica Okayama2982-51646132023Evaluating the activity of N-89 as an oral antimalarial drug282291ENNagwa S. M.AlyDepartment of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHiroakiMatsumoriDepartment of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityThi QuyenDinhDepartment of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityAkiraSatoDepartment of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityShin-ichiMiyoshiDepartment of Sanitary Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKyung-SooChangDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of PusanHak SunYuDepartment of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National UniversityTakaakiKubotaDepartment of Natural Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYujiKurosakiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Formulation Design, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityDuc TuanCaoDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hai Phong University of Medicine and PharmacyGehan A.RashedDepartment of Parasitology, Benha Faculty of Medicine, Benha UniversityHye-SookKimDepartment of International Infectious Diseases Control, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityDespite the recent progress in public health measures, malaria remains a troublesome disease that needs to be eradicated. It is essential to develop new antimalarial medications that are reliable and secure. This report evaluated the pharmacokinetics and antimalarial activity of 1,2,6,7-tetraoxaspiro[7.11]nonadecane (N-89) using the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei in vivo. After a single oral dose (75 mg/kg) of N-89, its pharmacokinetic parameters were measured, and t1/2 was 0.97 h, Tmax was 0.75 h, and bioavailability was 7.01%. A plasma concentration of 8.1 ng/ml of N-89 was maintained for 8 h but could not be detected at 10 h. The dose inhibiting 50% of parasite growth (ED50) and ED90 values of oral N-89 obtained following a 4-day suppressive test were 20 and 40 mg/kg, respectively. Based on the plasma concentration of N-89, we evaluated the antimalarial activity and cure effects of oral N-89 at a dose of 75 mg/kg 3 times daily for 3 consecutive days in mice harboring more than 0.5% parasitemia. In all the N-89- treated groups, the parasites were eliminated on day 5 post-treatment, and all mice recovered without a parasite recurrence for 30 days. Additionally, administering oral N-89 at a low dose of 50 mg/kg was sufficient to cure mice from day 6 without parasite recurrence. This work was the first to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics and antimalarial activity of N-89 as an oral drug. In the future, the following steps should be focused on developing N-89 for malaria treatments; its administration schedule and metabolic pathways should be investigated.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama2047-998013222024Eight-Year Outcomes of Cardiosphere-Derived Cells in Single Ventricle Congenital Heart Diseasee038137ENKentaHiraiDepartment of Pediatrics Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyusukeSawadaDepartment of Pharmacology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomohiroHayashiDepartment of Pediatrics Kurashiki Central HospitalToruArakiDepartment of Pediatrics National Hospital Organization Fukuyama Medical CenterNaomiNakagawaDepartment of Pediatric Cardiology Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens HospitalMaikoKondoDepartment of Pediatrics Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesKenjiYasudaDepartment of Pediatrics Shimane University Faculty of MedicineTakuyaHirataDepartment of Pediatrics Kyoto University Graduate School of MedicineTomoyukiSatoDepartment of Pediatrics Jichi Medical UniversityYukiNakatsukaDepartment of Data Science, Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine Okayama University HospitalMichihiroYoshidaDepartment of Data Science, Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine Okayama University HospitalShingoKasaharaDepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesKenjiBabaDepartment of Pediatrics Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesHidemasaOhDepartment of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine Okayama University Hospitalthe TICAP/PERSEUS Study GroupBackground: Cardiosphere‐derived cell (CDC) infusion was associated with better clinical outcomes at 2 years in patients with single ventricle heart disease. The current study investigates time‐to‐event outcomes at 8 years.<br>
Methods and Results: This cohort enrolled patients with single ventricles who underwent stage 2 or stage 3 palliation from January 2011 to January 2015 at 8 centers in Japan. The primary outcomes were time‐dependent CDC treatment effects on death and late complications during 8 years of follow‐up, assessed by restricted mean survival time. Among 93 patients enrolled (mean age, 2.3±1.3 years; 56% men), 40 received CDC infusion. Overall survival for CDC‐treated versus control patients did not differ at 8 years (hazard ratio [HR], 0.60 [95% CI, 0.21–1.77]; P=0.35). Treatment effect had nonproportional hazards for death favoring CDCs at 4 years (restricted mean survival time difference +0.33 years [95% CI, 0.01–0.66]; P=0.043). In patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, CDC treatment effect on survival was greater over 8 years (restricted mean survival time difference +1.58 years [95% CI, 0.05–3.12]; P=0.043). Compared with control participants, CDC‐treated patients showed lower incidences of late failure (HR, 0.45 [95% CI, 0.21–0.93]; P=0.027) and adverse events (subdistribution HR, 0.50 [95% CI, 0.27–0.94]; P=0.036) at 8 years.<br>
Conclusions: By 8 years, CDC infusion was associated with lower hazards of late failure and adverse events in single ventricle heart disease. CDC treatment effect on survival was notable by 4 years and showed a durable clinical benefit in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction over 8 years.<br>
Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifiers: NCT01273857 and NCT01829750.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Oxford University Press (OUP)Acta Medica Okayama0366-702253112024SNAr hexafluoroisopropoxylation of electron-rich aryl fluoride with a catalytic electrical inputupae196ENEisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTomohiroNakahamaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoichiMitsudoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAnodic oxidation–promoted SNAr reactions of electron-rich aryl fluoride were developed. The anodic oxidation of 4-fluoroanisole in hexafluoroisopropyl alcohol (HFIP) with K2CO3 led to SNAr-type hexafluoroisopropoxylation, and the reaction was completed with a catalytic electrical input. The results of cyclic voltammetry suggest that the radical cation of 4-fluoroanisole, which would react with the alkoxide of HFIP, is generated. Electron transfer between the intermediate and the starting material constructs the catalytic cycle, and the elimination of fluoride from the Meisenheimer complex produces the desired compound.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.BMCActa Medica Okayama1478-63542612024Clinical practice pattern of Pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional study from lupus registry of nationwide institutions (LUNA)198ENTakahisaOnishiDepartment of Rheumatology, Kakogawa Central City HospitalKen-EiSadaDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineKeigoHayashiDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineYoshiaMiyawakiDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineRyusukeYoshimiDepartment of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYasuhiroShimojimaDepartment of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of MedicineShigeruOhnoCenter for Rheumatic Diseases, Yokohama City University Medical CenterHiroshiKajiyamaDepartment of Rheumatology and Applied Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical UniversityKunihiroIchinoseDepartment of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesShuzoSatoDepartment of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of MedicineMichioFujiwaraDepartment of Rheumatology, Yokohama Rosai HospitalNobuyukiYajimaDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineTakashiKidaInfammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of MedicineYusukeMatsuoDepartment of Rheumatology, Tokyo Kyosai HospitalKeisukeNishimuraDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of MedicineTakashiYamaneDepartment of Rheumatology, Kakogawa Central City HospitalBackground Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic infection in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, such as glucocorticoid (GC) medication, for systemic autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Despite the confirmed effectiveness of PCP prophylaxis, its clinical administration, especially in conjunction with GC dosage, remains unclear. We aimed to describe the clinical practice of PCP prophylaxis in association with SLE in Japan, evaluate the relationship between GC dosage and PCP prophylaxis, and explore the practice patterns associated with PCP prophylaxis. <br>
Methods This cross-sectional study used data from the Lupus Registry of Nationwide Institutions in Japan from 2016 to 2021 and included patients diagnosed with SLE. Using descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis, and decision tree analysis, we examined the prevalence of PCP prophylaxis and its association with the GC dosage. <br>
Results Out of 1,460 patients, 21% underwent PCP prophylaxis. The frequency of prophylaxis decreased with a decrease in GC dosage. After adjusting for confounders, logistic regression revealed the odds ratio of PCP prophylaxis increased with higher prednisolone (PSL) doses: 3.7 for 5 <= PSL < 7.5 mg, 5.2 for 7.5 <= PSL < 10 mg, 9.0 for 10 <= PSL < 20 mg, and 43.1 for PSL >= 20 mg, using PSL < 5 mg as the reference. Decision tree analysis indicated that a PSL dosage of < 11 mg/day and immunosuppressant use were key determinants of PCP prophylaxis. <br>
Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into PCP prophylaxis practices in patients with SLE in Japan, underscoring the importance of GC dosage and concomitant immunosuppressant use.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama1862-832X1912024Structural Evolution of Microgels During Precipitation Polymerization Revealed by Light Scattering and Electrophoresis2400024ENYujiSatoGraduate School of Environmental Life, Natural Sciences and Technology, Okayama UniversityRyujiNamiokaGraduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu UniversitYuichiroNishizawaGraduate School of Environmental Life, Natural Sciences and Technology, Okayama UniversityDaisukeSuzukiGraduate School of Environmental Life, Natural Sciences and Technology, Okayama UniversityWhile precipitation polymerization allows the synthesis of microgels with controlled functional-group distributions, the structural development of these microgels during the polymerization process still remains unclear. In this study, microgels with different reactivity ratios between the monomer and charged co-monomer are prepared by precipitation polymerization, and the evolution of their size, thermoresponsive behavior, and surface properties during polymerization are evaluated. In particular, the surface properties of the microgels are analyzed quantitatively using the softness parameter and the surface charge density is calculated using Ohshima's equation. The results allowed describing the structural changes of microgels during precipitation polymerization well and provided design guidelines for functional microgels with controlled functional group distributions.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japanese Society for Lymphoreticular Tissue ResearchActa Medica Okayama1346-42806442024Transcriptome analysis of the cytokine storm-related genes among the subtypes of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease297306ENAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesShutaTomidaCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalRyotaChijimatsuCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalHimawariUetaDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYou ChengLaiDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung UniversityYuriKawaharaDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYudaiTakedaDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesSayakaOchiDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesTomokaHaratakeDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesDaisukeEnnishiCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalNaoyaNakamuraDepartment of Pathology, Tokai University School of MedicineShujiMomoseDepartment of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesIdiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a type of Castleman disease unrelated to the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus type 8 (KSHV/HHV8) infection. Presently, iMCD is classified into iMCD-IPL (idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy), iMCD-TAFRO (thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly), and iMCD-NOS (not otherwise specified). The most common treatment for iMCD is using IL-6 inhibitors; however, some patients resist IL-6 inhibitors, especially for iMCD-TAFRO/NOS. Nevertheless, since serum IL-6 levels are not significantly different between the iMCD-IPL and iMCD-TAFRO/NOS cases, cytokines other than IL-6 may be responsible for the differences in pathogenesis. Herein, we performed a transcriptome analysis of cytokine storm-related genes and examined the differences between iMCD-IPL and iMCD-TAFRO/NOS. The results demonstrated that counts per million of STAT2, IL1R1, IL1RAP, IL33, TAFAIP1, and VEGFA (P < 0.001); STAT3, JAK2, MAPK8, IL17RA, IL18, TAFAIP2, TAFAIP3, PDGFA, VEGFC, CXCL10, CCL4, and CXCL13 (P < 0.01); and STAT1, STAT6, JAK1, MAPK1, MAPK3, MAPK6, MAPK7, MAPK9, MAPK10, MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK14, NFKB1, NFKBIA, NFKBIB, NFKBIZ, MTOR, IL10RB, IL12RB2, IL18BP, TAFAIP6, TNFAIP8L1, TNFAIP8L3, CSF2RBP1, PDGFB, PDGFC, and CXCL9 (P < 0.05) were significantly increased in iMCD-TAFRO/NOS. Particularly, upregulated IL33 expression was demonstrated for the first time in iMCD-TAFRO/NOS. Thus, inflammatory signaling, such as JAK-STAT and MAPK, may be enhanced in iMCD-TAFRO/NOS and may be a cytokine storm.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Institute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersActa Medica Okayama2169-3536122024Detecting Unintended Redirects to Malicious Websites on Android Devices Based on URL-Switching Interval153285153294ENToshihiroYamauchiFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityRintaroOritoGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKojiEbisuGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMasayaSatoFaculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Okayama Prefectural UniversityWebsite clicks that redirect Android-phone users to malicious websites with fake virus alerts or phishing attacks are increasing exponentially. Although a uniform resource locator (URL) blocklist is considered a suitable countermeasure to such attacks, it is difficult to efficiently identify malicious websites. To the best of our knowledge, no research has focused on detecting attacks that redirect Android-phone users to malicious websites. Therefore, we propose a redirect-detection method that focuses on the URL bar-switching interval of Android-based Google Chrome browser. The proposed method, which can be easily installed as an Android application, uses the Android accessibility service to detect unintended redirects to malicious websites without collecting information about these websites in advance. This paper details the design, implementation, and evaluation results of the proposed application on an actual Android device. We determined the threshold values for the number of times the URL bar switches and the elapsed time to determine redirects to malicious websites for the proposed method. Based on the results, we investigated the causes of false-positive detection of redirects to benign websites and offer solutions on handling them. We also present the threshold values that can minimize the false positive and negative rates, as well as the detection accuracy of the proposed method based on these threshold values. Additionally, we present the evaluations results based on the access logs of actual users participating in the WarpDrive project experiment, which indicate that the proposed method minimizes false positives and successfully detects most redirects to malicious websites.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)Acta Medica Okayama1364-548X60932024Machine-learning-assisted prediction of the size of microgels prepared by aqueous precipitation polymerization1367813681ENDaisukeSuzukiGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHarukaMinatoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYujiSatoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityRyujiNamiokaGraduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu UniversityYasuhikoIgarashiFaculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of TsukubaRisakoShibataDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio UniversityYuyaOakiDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio UniversityThe size of soft colloids (microgels) is essential; however, control over their size has typically been established empirically. Herein, we report a linear-regression model that can predict microgel size using a machine learning method, sparse modeling for small data, which enables the determination of the synthesis conditions for target-sized microgels.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7852024Focal Cerebral Hypoperfusion Detected by Arterial Spin-Labeled Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Migraine Presenting with Neurological Symptoms Concomitant with or without Headache413421ENKenichiKashiharaOkayama Neurology ClinicMinoruIrisawaDepartment of Radiology, Okayama Kyokuto HospitalWataruTakaoDivision of Radiology, Okayama Kyokuto HospitalCase Report10.18926/AMO/67666We investigated patients with migraine or migraine variants who exhibited focal cerebral hypoperfusion on arterial spin-labeled (ASL) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging along with neurological symptoms. Fourteen patients with migraine demonstrated focal cerebral hypoperfusion. Three other patients did not have a history of recurrent headaches but exhibited comparable cerebral hypoperfusion to migraine patients on ASL-MRI in addition to neurological symptoms. Patients with migraine may present with neurological symptoms associated with cortical spreading depression during, after, or even without a headache phase. Additionally, the isolated neurological symptoms may be caused by a pathophysiology identical to that of migraine but without presenting with recurrent headaches.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7852024Pediatric Severe Febrile Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review401405ENYusukeToyotaDepartment of Pediatrics, NHO Iwakuni Clinical CenterKazuhiroUdaDepartment of Pediatrics, NHO Iwakuni Clinical CenterKomeiShirabeYamaguchi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and EnvironmentTadashiMoriwakeDepartment of Pediatrics, NHO Iwakuni Clinical CenterCase Report10.18926/AMO/67664Severe febrile thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne infectious disease that is endemic in parts of eastern Asia. Few pediatric cases have been reported. We describe a case of SFTS in a seven-year-old girl who presented with prolonged fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia on hematology, and a history of outdoor activity led us to diagnose SFTS, although the patient had no tick bite marks. We also review the literature and discuss the characteristics of pediatric SFTS. Physicians should consider SFTS in the differential diagnosis of fever with thrombocytopenia in children living in endemic areas.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7852024Effect of Radon Inhalation on Murine Brain Proteins: Investigation Using Proteomic and Multivariate Analyses387399ENShotaNaoeGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityAyumiTanakaGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityNorieKanzakiNingyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy AgencyReijuTakenakaGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityAkihiroSakodaNingyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy AgencyTakaakiMiyajiAdvanced Science Research Center, Okayama UniversityKiyonoriYamaokaFaculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakahiroKataokaFaculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/67663Radon is a known risk factor for lung cancer; however, it can be used beneficially, such as in radon therapy. We have previously reported the enhancement of antioxidant effects associated with trace amounts of oxidative stress as one of the positive biological effects of radon inhalation. However, the biological effects of radon inhalation are incompletely understood, and more detailed and comprehensive studies are required. Although several studies have used proteomics to investigate the effects of radon inhalation on body proteins, none has focused on brain proteins. In this study, we evaluated the expression status of proteins in murine brains using proteomic and multivariate analyses to identify those whose expressions changed following two days of radon inhalation at a concentration of 1,500 Bq/m3. We found associations of radon inhalation with the expressions of seven proteins related to neurotransmission and heat shock. These proteins may be proposed as biomarkers indicative of radon inhalation. Although further studies are required to obtain the detailed biological significance of these protein alterations, this study contributes to the elucidation of the biological effects of radon
inhalation as a low-dose radiation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7852024Small-for-Gestational-Age Status and the Risk of Kawasaki Disease: A Nationwide Birth Cohort in Japan363370ENSatoeTakanagaDepartment of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNaomiMatsumotoDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTomokaKadowakiDepartment of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSoshiTakaoDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakashiYorifujiDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/67656Kawasaki disease (KD) is a pediatric disease of unknown etiology that commonly affects infants in East Asia. Infants born small for gestational age (SGA) have weaker immune systems and are more susceptible to infection. Using data from a nationwide Japanese birth cohort study conducted in 2010 (n=34,579), we investigated whether SGA increases the risk of KD. SGA was defined as birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age. The outcome was hospitalization for KD between 6 and 30 months of age. The association between SGA and hospitalization for KD, adjusted for child and maternal factors, was examined using logistic regression. Of the 231 children hospitalized for KD, 9.5% were SGA. Further statistical analysis showed that SGA did not increase the odds ratio (OR) of hospitalization for KD (adjusted OR 1.12, 95% confidence interval 0.71-1.75). This result was not changed with stratification by early daycare attendance and preterm status. Reasons for the lack of association may include the multifactorial pathogenesis of KD; in addition, the types of infections to which SGA infants are predisposed may differ from those triggering KD. Overall, our large nationwide study found no association between SGA and KD.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Nature PortfolioActa Medica Okayama2045-23221412024Effectiveness of data-augmentation on deep learning in evaluating rapid on-site cytopathology at endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration22441ENYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceTaisukeObataDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceMatsumiAkihiroDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceKosakuMorimotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceHiroyukiTerasawaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceTatsuhiroYamazakiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceHironariKatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceHirofumiInoueDepartment of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceTenChoBusiness Strategy Division, Ryobi Systems Co., Ltd.TakayoshiTanimotoBusiness Strategy Division, Ryobi Systems Co., Ltd.AkimitsuOhtoBusiness Strategy Division, Ryobi Systems Co., Ltd.YoshiroKawaharaDepartment of Practical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceRapid on-site cytopathology evaluation (ROSE) has been considered an effective method to increase the diagnostic ability of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA); however, ROSE is unavailable in most institutes worldwide due to the shortage of cytopathologists. To overcome this situation, we created an artificial intelligence (AI)-based system (the ROSE-AI system), which was trained with the augmented data to evaluate the slide images acquired by EUS-FNA. This study aimed to clarify the effects of such data-augmentation on establishing an effective ROSE-AI system by comparing the efficacy of various data-augmentation techniques. The ROSE-AI system was trained with increased data obtained by the various data-augmentation techniques, including geometric transformation, color space transformation, and kernel filtering. By performing five-fold cross-validation, we compared the efficacy of each data-augmentation technique on the increasing diagnostic abilities of the ROSE-AI system. We collected 4059 divided EUS-FNA slide images from 36 patients with pancreatic cancer and nine patients with non-pancreatic cancer. The diagnostic ability of the ROSE-AI system without data augmentation had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 87.5%, 79.7%, and 83.7%, respectively. While, some data-augmentation techniques decreased diagnostic ability, the ROSE-AI system trained only with the augmented data using the geometric transformation technique had the highest diagnostic accuracy (88.2%). We successfully developed a prototype ROSE-AI system with high diagnostic ability. Each data-augmentation technique may have various compatibilities with AI-mediated diagnostics, and the geometric transformation was the most effective for the ROSE-AI system.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama0040-575213792024Mutations in starch BRANCHING ENZYME 2a suppress the traits caused by the loss of ISOAMYLASE1 in barley212ENRyoMatsushimaInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityHiroshiHisanoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityJune-SikKimInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityRoseMcNellyJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNaoko F.OitomeDepartment of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural UniversityDavidSeungJohn Innes Centre, Norwich Research ParkNaokoFujitaDepartment of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural UniversityKazuhiroSatoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityThe genetic interactions among starch biosynthesis genes can be exploited to alter starch properties, but they remain poorly understood due to the various combinations of mutations to be tested. Here, we isolated two novel barley mutants defective in starch BRANCHING ENZYME 2a (hvbe2a-1 and hvbe2a-2) based on the starch granule (SG) morphology. Both hvbe2a mutants showed elongated SGs in the endosperm and increased resistant starch content. hvbe2a-1 had a base change in HvBE2a gene, substituting the amino acid essential for its enzyme activity, while hvbe2a-2 is completely missing HvBE2a due to a chromosomal deletion. Further genetic crosses with barley isoamylase1 mutants (hvisa1) revealed that both hvbe2a mutations could suppress defects in endosperm caused by hvisa1, such as reduction in starch, increase in phytoglycogen, and changes in the glucan chain length distribution. Remarkably, hvbe2a mutations also transformed the endosperm SG morphology from the compound SG caused by hvisa1 to bimodal simple SGs, resembling that of wild-type barley. The suppressive impact was in competition with floury endosperm 6 mutation (hvflo6), which could enhance the phenotype of hvisa1 in the endosperm. In contrast, the compound SG formation induced by the hvflo6 hvisa1 mutation in pollen was not suppressed by hvbe2a mutations. Our findings provide new insights into genetic interactions in the starch biosynthetic pathway, demonstrating how specific genetic alterations can influence starch properties and SG morphology, with potential applications in cereal breeding for desired starch properties.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155813622024令和５年度岡山医学会賞 がん研究奨励賞（林原賞・山田賞）4547ENTakamasaIshinoDepartment of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231862024高等学校「家庭」における主体的・対話的で深い学びを目指すICT を活用した授業開発（Ⅰ）―「 なぜ，金銭を計画的に使う必要があるのか」の開発と実践 ―5167ENSonoSATOFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityChikaHASEGAWAOkayama Mitsu Senior High School10.18926/bgeou/67574 本継続研究では，2016年の知識基盤社会を生きる力の育成を目的とした教育改革において，「社会に開かれた教育課程」の実現のために，授業改善の課題とされた「主体的・対話的で深い学びの実現」と「適切なICT活用による学習活動の充実」に焦点を当て，高等学校普通科目の家庭科において，「主体的・対話的で深い学び」とそれにつながるICT活用の検討による授業開発研究を行い，「主体的・対話的で深い学び」を成立させる授業構成の条件を検討することを目的とした。本稿では，家庭科の「深い学び」に不可欠な家庭経営学習の目的である「自分と金銭との関係」を探究する授業「なぜ，金銭を計画的に使う必要があるのか」の開発と実践結果を中心に報告する。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7842024Pneumocephalus with Inverted Papilloma in the Frontoethmoidal Sinus: Case Report and Literature Review337343ENSeiichiroMakiharaDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshihiroOtaniDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKensukeUraguchiDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSawakoOnoDepartment of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAikoShimizuDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyosukeIkemachiDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYosukeOkazakiDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomoyukiOtaDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHiroshiMatsumotoDepartment of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShotaroMiyamotoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kagawa Rosai HospitalMunechikaTsumuraDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Kagawa Rosai HospitalSeiyaHayashiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Rosai HospitalMichiariUmakoshiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Rosai HospitalKojiHirashitaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Rosai HospitalMizuoAndoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesCase Report10.18926/AMO/67550Here, we describe the unique case of a pneumocephalus originating from an inverted papilloma (IP) in the frontoethmoidal sinus. A 71-year-old man with diabetes presented with headaches and altered consciousness. Imaging revealed the pneumocephalus together with bone destruction in the left frontal sinus. He underwent simultaneous endoscopic endonasal and transcranial surgery using an ORBEYE exoscope. Pathological diagnosis of the tumor confirmed IP. Post-surgery, the pneumocephalus was significantly resolved and the squamous cell carcinoma antigen level, which had been elevated, decreased. This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and innovative surgical methods in treating complex sinonasal pathologies.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7842024A Rare Subglottic Pleomorphic Adenoma: Magnetic Resonance Findings331335ENChiekoFurukawaDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalTomoyasuTachibanaDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalTetsujiNobuhisaDepartment of Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalYuichiroKanieDepartment of Radiology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalYojiWaniDepartment of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalJun-YaMatsumotoDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalAkifumiKariyaDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalAsukaSatoDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalIichiroIshikawaDepartment of Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalYutoNaoiDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMizuoAndoDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesCase Report10.18926/AMO/67549No previous study has published magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for a subglottic pleomorphic adenoma. Here, we describe the case of a 62-year-old man with a subglottic pleomorphic adenoma. Endoscopic findings revealed a smooth-surfaced tumor arising from the subglottic posterior wall. MRI revealed the lesion as an isointense region on T1-weighted images, which was homogeneously enhanced. This lesion showed a heterogeneously hyperintense region on T2-weighted images. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) showed slightly high intensity in the same area, with a normal or only slightly high apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Laryngomicrosurgery was performed for transoral excision of the subglottic tumor, resulting in a postsurgical diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7842024Effect of Recipient Age on Perioperative Complications after Pediatric Liver Transplantation: A Single-Center Retrospective Study323330ENAkiraKatayamaDepartment of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSatoshiKimuraDepartment of Anesthesia, Kyoto University HospitalTakashiMatsusakiDepartment of Anesthesiology, Mie University HospitalHiroshiMorimatsuDepartment of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/67548It has not been clear how recipient age affects the incidence of serious complications after pediatric living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). We investigated the records of 42 pediatric patients receiving LDLT, dividing our sample into two groups: the infant group (aged < 1 year) and the non-infant group (aged ≥ 1 year and ≤15 years). The primary outcome was postoperative complications assessed using the Clavien-Dindo classification. Multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model was applied to adjust for confounding factors in assessing the incidence of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ III (C-D ≥ III) complications. The incidence of C-D ≥ III complications was higher in the non-infant group (46.2%) than in the infant group (12.5%) (odds ratio 6.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-31.88, p=0.03). In multivariate analysis using the Cox regression model, the Graft-to-Recipient Weight Ratio (GRWR) was independently associated with the incidence of C-D ≥ III complications (hazard ratio [HR] 0.62, 95%CI 0.40-0.95, p=0.03), but being an infant was not (HR 0.84, 95%CI 0.35-1.98, p=0.68). In conclusion, the incidence of C-D ≥ III complications was higher in the non-infant group than in the infant group, but this was largely a function of GRWR: multivariate analysis revealed that GRWR was independently associated with complications.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7842024Multicenter Remote-Access Simulation of Vaginal Delivery for High-Flexibility Medical Education during the Coronavirus Pandemic313322ENErikoEtoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJotaMakiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNoriyukiYamashitaCenter for Education in Medicine and Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityToruHasegawaDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAyanoSuemoriDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHikariNakatoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHikaruObaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomohiroMitomaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSakurakoMishimaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSatoeKirinoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAkikoOhiraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHisashiMasuyamaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/67547During the coronavirus pandemic, face-to-face simulation education became impossible. Therefore, we aimed to develop remote-access simulation education with a sense of realism through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) using a perinatal whole-body management and delivery simulator. In September 2021, we administered a multi-center simultaneous remote simulation based on our developed model. Ten universities in the Chugoku–Shikoku region were connected via a web-conferencing system to a live broadcast of a virtual vaginal birth in which a fictional hospitalized pregnant woman experienced accelerated labor and gave birth through vacuum delivery for fetal distress. A Video on Demand (VOD) was made beforehand using a new simulator that allowed for a visual understanding of the process of the inter-vaginal examination. We provided a participatory program that enhanced the sense of realism by combining VOD and real-time lectures on each scenario, with two-way communication between participants and trainee doctors using a chat function. Most participants answered “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with the content, level of difficulty, and level of understanding. From November 2021, we have used the videos of all processes in face-to-face classes. Our construction of a high-flexibility education system using remote simulation in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, especially in the vaginal delivery module, is unique, creative, and sustainable.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Oxford University Press (OUP)Acta Medica Okayama0366-70225382024Electrochemical synthesis of heterocyclic compounds via carbon–heteroatom bond formation: direct and indirect electrolysisupae146ENYasuyukiOkumuraDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityEisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoichiMitsudoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityElectrochemical organic synthesis has attracted attention as an environmentally friendly method for constructing heterocyclic compounds via carbon–heteroatom bond formation. Herein, we describe the representative examples of electrochemical reactions to produce heterocycles and discuss them according to whether they involve direct or indirect electrolysis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1341-962529102024Re-administration of platinum-based chemotherapy for recurrent endometrial cancer: an ancillary analysis of the SGSG-012/GOTIC-004/Intergroup study15941601ENShojiNagaoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityShinNishioDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kurume University School of MedicineKazuhiroTakeharaDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, NHO Shikoku Cancer CenterShinyaSatoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori UniversityToyomiSatohDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Medicine, University of TsukubaMuneakiShimadaDepartment of Gynecology, Tohoku University HospitalSatoshiYamaguchiDepartment of Medical Oncology, Hyogo Cancer CenterHiroshiTanabeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jikei University School of MedicineMasashiTakanoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical CollegeKoujiHorieDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Cancer CenterYujiTakeiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical UniversityYuichiImaiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yokohama City University HospitalYumiHibinoDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, NHO Shikoku Cancer CenterKoseiHasegawaDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical CenterMunetakaTakekumaDepartment of Gynecology, Shizuoka Cancer CenterKazutoNakamuraDepartment of Gynecology, Gunma Prefectural Cancer CenterHirokuniTakanoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jikei University School of MedicineKeiichiFujiwaraDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical CenterHisashiMasuyamaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityBackground We previously demonstrated the applicability of the concept of “platinum sensitivity” in recurrent endometrial cancer. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have been widely incorporated into endometrial cancer treatment, the debate continues regarding treatment options in patients with recurrent endometrial cancer who have previously received platinum-based chemotherapy. In this study, we assessed the duration of response to secondary platinum-based treatment using pooled data from the SGSG-012/GOTIC-004/Intergroup study.<br>
Methods Among the 279 participants in the SGSG-012/GOTIC-004/Intergroup study wherein platinum-based chemotherapy was re-administered for managing recurrent endometrial cancer between January 2005 and December 2009, 130 (47%) responded to chemotherapy. We compared the relationship between platinum-free interval and duration of secondary platinum-based treatment using pooled data.<br>
Results In 40 patients (31%), the duration of response to secondary platinum-based treatment exceeded the platinum-free interval. The duration of response to secondary platinum-based treatment exceeded 12 months in 51 patients (39%) [platinum-free interval: < 12 months, 14/48 (29%); 12–23 months, 18/43 (42%); 24–35 months, 8/19 (42%); ≥ 36 months, 11/20 (55%)]. In particular, in eight patients (6%), the duration of response to secondary platinum-based treatment exceeded 36 months [platinum-free interval: < 12 months, 3/48 (6%); 12–23 months, 0/19 (0%); 24–35 months, 2/19 (11%); ≥ 36 months, 3/20 (15%)].<br>
Conclusions Re-administration of platinum-based chemotherapy for recurrent endometrial cancer may result in a long-term response exceeding the platinum-free interval in some patients. Even in the current situation, where immune checkpoint inhibitors have been introduced, re-administration of platinum-based chemotherapy is worth considering.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Royal Society of ChemistryActa Medica Okayama2041-652015322024Boosting charge separation in organic photovoltaics: unveiling dipole moment variations in excited non-fullerene acceptor layers1268612694ENAkiraYamakataGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKosakuKatoGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTakumiUrakamiDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversitySotaTsujimuraDepartment of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe UniversityKasumiMurayamaDepartment of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe UniversityMasahiroHigashiDepartment of Complex Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya UniversityHirofumiSatoDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityYasuhiroKoboriDepartment of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe UniversityTomokazuUmeyamaDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of HyogoHiroshiImahoriDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityThe power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) has reached more than 19% due to the rapid development of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). To compete with the PCEs (26%) of commercialized silicon-based inorganic photovoltaics, the drawback of OPVs should be minimized. This drawback is the intrinsic large loss of open-circuit voltage; however, a general approach to this issue remains elusive. Here, we report a discovery regarding highly efficient NFAs, specifically ITIC. We found that charge-transfer (CT) and charge dissociation (CD) can occur even in a neat ITIC film without the donor layer. This is surprising, as these processes were previously believed to take place exclusively at donor/acceptor heterojunctions. Femtosecond time-resolved visible to mid-infrared measurements revealed that in the neat ITIC layers, the intermolecular CT immediately proceeds after photoirradiation (<0.1 ps) to form weakly-bound excitons with a binding energy of 0.3 eV, which are further dissociated into free electrons and holes with a time-constant of 56 ps. Theoretical calculations indicate that stacking faults in ITIC (i.e., V-type molecular stacking) induce instantaneous intermolecular CT and CD in the neat ITIC layer. In contrast, J-type stacking does not support such CT and CD. This previously unknown pathway is triggered by the larger dipole moment change on the excited state generated at the lower symmetric V-type molecular stacking of ITIC. This is in sharp contrast with the need of sufficient energy offset for CT and CD at the donor-acceptor heterojunction, leading to the significant voltage loss in conventional OPVs. These results demonstrate that the rational molecular design of NFAs can increase the local dipole moment change on the excited state within the NFA layer. This finding paves the way for a groundbreaking route toward the commercialization of OPVs.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Beilstein-InstitutActa Medica Okayama1860-5397202024Electrocatalytic hydrogenation of cyanoarenes, nitroarenes, quinolines, and pyridines under mild conditions with a proton-exchange membrane reactor15601571ENKoichiMitsudoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAtsushiOsakiDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHarukaInoueDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityEisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNaokiShidaGraduate School of Engineering Science and Advanced Chemical Energy Research Center, Yokohama National UniversityMahitoAtobeGraduate School of Engineering Science and Advanced Chemical Energy Research Center, Yokohama National UniversitySeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAn electrocatalytic hydrogenation of cyanoarenes, nitroarenes, quinolines, and pyridines using a proton-exchange membrane (PEM) reactor was developed. Cyanoarenes were then reduced to the corresponding benzylamines at room temperature in the presence of ethyl phosphate. The reduction of nitroarenes proceeded at room temperature, and a variety of anilines were obtained. The quinoline reduction was efficiently promoted by adding a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) or pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate (PPTS). Pyridine was also reduced to piperidine in the presence of PTSA.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPIActa Medica Okayama2221-37591222024Harderian Gland Development and Degeneration in the Fgf10-Deficient Heterozygous Mouse16ENShioriIkedaDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Medical School, Okayama UniversityKeitaSatoDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHirofumiFujitaDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHitomiOno-MinagiDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversitySatoruMiyaishiDepartment of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTsutomuNohnoDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Medical School, Okayama UniversityHideyoOhuchiDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityThe mouse Harderian gland (HG) is a secretory gland that covers the posterior portion of the eyeball, opening at the base of the nictitating membrane. The HG serves to protect the eye surface from infection with its secretions. Mice open their eyelids at about 2 weeks of age, and the development of the HG primordium mechanically opens the eye by pushing the eyeball from its rear. Therefore, when HG formation is disturbed, the eye exhibits enophthalmos (the slit-eye phenotype), and a line of Fgf10(+/-) heterozygous loss-of-function mice exhibits slit-eye due to the HG atrophy. However, it has not been clarified how and when HGs degenerate and atrophy in Fgf10(+/-) mice. In this study, we observed the HGs in embryonic (E13.5 to E19), postnatal (P0.5 to P18) and 74-week-old Fgf10(+/-) mice. We found that more than half of the Fgf10(+/-) mice had markedly degenerated HGs, often unilaterally. The degenerated HG tissue had a melanized appearance and was replaced by connective tissue, which was observed by P10. The development of HGs was delayed or disrupted in the similar proportion of Fgf10(+/-) embryos, as revealed via histology and the loss of HG-marker expression. In situ hybridization showed Fgf10 expression was observed in the Harderian mesenchyme in wild-type as well as in the HG-lacking heterozygote at E19. These results show that the Fgf10 haploinsufficiency causes delayed or defective HG development, often unilaterally from the unexpectedly early neonatal period.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.ElsevierActa Medica Okayama0016-510710052024Virtual indigo carmine chromoendoscopy images: A novel modality for peroral cholangioscopy using artificial intelligence technology (with video)938946.e1ENRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalHideakiKinugasaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMasahiroTomiyaBusiness Strategy Division, Ryobi Systems Co, LtdTakayoshiTanimotoBusiness Strategy Division, Ryobi Systems Co, LtdAkimitsuOhtoBusiness Strategy Division, Ryobi Systems Co, LtdKeiHaradaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalNaoHattoriDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalTaisukeObataDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKosakuMorimotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalHiroyukiTerasawaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalHironariKatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYoshiroKawaharaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalBackground and Aims: Accurately diagnosing biliary strictures is crucial for surgical decisions, and although peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) aids in visual diagnosis, diagnosing malignancies or determining lesion margins via this route remains challenging. Indigo carmine is commonly used to evaluate lesions during GI endoscopy. We aimed to establish the utility of virtual indigo carmine chromoendoscopy (VICI) converted from POCS images using artificial intelligence.<br>
Methods: This single-center, retrospective study analyzed 40 patients with biliary strictures who underwent POCS using white-light imaging (WLI) and narrow-band imaging (NBI). A cycle-consistent adversarial network was used to convert the WLI into VICI of POCS images. Three experienced endoscopists evaluated WLI, NBI, and VICI via POCS in all patients. The primary outcome was the visualization quality of surface structures, surface microvessels, and lesion margins. The secondary outcome was diagnostic accuracy.<br>
Results: VICI showed superior visualization of the surface structures and lesion margins compared with WLI (P < .001) and NBI (P < .001). The diagnostic accuracies were 72.5%, 87.5%, and 90.0% in WLI alone, WLI and VICI simultaneously, and WLI and NBI simultaneously, respectively. WLI and VICI simultaneously tended to result in higher accuracy than WLI alone (P = .083), and the results were not significantly different from WLI and NBI simultaneously (P = .65).<br>
Conclusions: VICI in POCS proved valuable for visualizing surface structures and lesion margins and contributed to higher diagnostic accuracy comparable to NBI. In addition to NBI, VICI may be a novel supportive modality for POCS.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.National Academy of SciencesActa Medica Okayama0027-8424121252024Argonaute-independent, Dicer-dependent antiviral defense against RNA virusese2322765121ENYukiyoSatoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityHidekiKondoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityNobuhiroSuzukiInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityAntiviral RNA interference (RNAi) is conserved from yeasts to mammals. Dicer recognizes and cleaves virus-derived double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and/or structured single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) into small-interfering RNAs, which guide effector Argonaute to homologous viral RNAs for digestion and inhibit virus replication. Thus, Argonaute is believed to be essential for antiviral RNAi. Here, we show Argonaute-independent, Dicer-dependent antiviral defense against dsRNA viruses using Cryphonectria parasitica (chestnut blight fungus), which is a model filamentous ascomycetous fungus and hosts a variety of viruses. The fungus has two dicer-like genes (dcl1 and dcl2) and four argonaute-like genes (agl1 to agl4). We prepared a suite of single to quadruple agl knockout mutants with or without dcl disruption. We tested these mutants for antiviral activities against diverse dsRNA viruses and ssRNA viruses. Although both DCL2 and AGL2 worked as antiviral players against some RNA viruses, DCL2 without argonaute was sufficient to block the replication of other RNA viruses. Overall, these results indicate the existence of a Dicer-alone defense and different degrees of susceptibility to it among RNA viruses. We discuss what determines the great difference in susceptibility to the Dicer-only defense.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPIActa Medica Okayama2313-7673952024Clinical Application of Unidirectional Porous Hydroxyapatite to Bone Tumor Surgery and Other Orthopedic Surgery294ENToshiyukiKunisadaDepartment of Medical Materials for Musculoskeletal Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesEijiNakataDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomohiroFujiwaraDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshiakiHataDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesKoheiSatoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesHaruyoshiKatayamaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesAyanaKondoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshifumiOzakiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesUnidirectional porous hydroxyapatite (UDPHAp) was developed as a remarkable scaffold characterized by a distinct structure with unidirectional pores oriented in the horizontal direction and connected through interposes. We evaluated the radiographic changes, clinical outcomes, and complications following UDPHAp implantation for the treatment of bone tumors. Excellent bone formation within and around the implant was observed in all patients treated with intralesional resection and UDPHAp implantation for benign bone tumors. The absorption of UDPHAp and remodeling of the bone marrow space was observed in 45% of the patients at a mean of 17 months postoperatively and was significantly more common in younger patients. Preoperative cortical thinning was completely regenerated in 84% of patients at a mean of 10 months postoperatively. No complications related to the implanted UDPHAp were observed. In a pediatric patient with bone sarcoma, when the defect after fibular resection was filled with UDPHAp implants, radiography showed complete resorption of the implant and clear formation of cortex and marrow in the resected part of the fibula. The patient could walk well without crutches and participate in sports activities. UDPHAp is a useful bone graft substitute for the treatment of benign bone tumors, and the use of this material has a low complication rate. We also review and discuss the potential of UDPHAp as a bone graft substitute in the clinical setting of orthopedic surgery.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPIActa Medica Okayama2075-163X1452024Measurements of Thermodynamic Data of Water in Ca-Bentonite by Relative Humidity Method477ENKosukeIchikawaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHaruoSatoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityBuffer material (compacted bentonite), one of the engineered barrier elements in the geological disposal of a high-level radioactive waste, develops swelling stress due to groundwater penetration from the surrounding rock mass. Montmorillonite is the major clay mineral component of bentonite. Even previous studies provide few mechanical and thermodynamic data on Ca-montmorillonite. In this study, thermodynamic data on Ca-montmorillonite were obtained as a function of water content by measuring relative humidity (RH) and temperature. The activities of water and the relative partial molar Gibbs free energies of water were determined from the experimental results, and the swelling stress of Ca-bentonite was calculated using the thermodynamic model and compared with measured data. The activities of water and the relative partial molar Gibbs free energies obtained in the experiments decreased with decreasing water content in water contents lower than about 25%. This trend was similar to that of Na-montmorillonite. The swelling stress calculated based on the thermodynamic model was approximately 200 MPa at a montmorillonite partial density of 2.0 Mg/m3 and approximately 10 MPa at a montmorillonite partial density of 1.4 Mg/m3. The swelling stresses in the high-density region (around 2.0 Mg/m3) were higher than that of Na-montmorillonite and were similar levels in the low-density region (around 1.5 Mg/m3). Comparison with measured data showed the practicality of the thermodynamic model.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama0302-766X39122022The medaka mutant deficient in eyes shut homolog exhibits opsin transport defects and enhanced autophagy in retinal photoreceptors249267ENKeitaSatoDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYangLiuDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakahiroYamashitaDepartment of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto UniversityHideyoOhuchiDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityEyes shut homolog (EYS) encodes a proteoglycan and the human mutation causes retinitis pigmentosa type 25 (RP25) with progressive retinal degeneration. RP25 most frequently affects autosomal recessive RP patients with many ethnic backgrounds. Although studies using RP models have facilitated the development of therapeutic medications, Eys has been lost in rodent model animals. Here we examined the roles for Eys in the maintenance of photoreceptor structure and function by generating eys-null medaka fish using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Medaka EYS protein was present near the connecting cilium of wild-type photoreceptors, while it was absent from the eys−/− retina. The mutant larvae exhibited a reduced visual motor response compared with wild-type. In contrast to reported eys-deficient zebrafish at the similar stage, no retinal cell death was detected in the 8-month post-hatching (8-mph) medaka eys mutant. Immunohistochemistry showed a significant reduction in the length of cone outer segments (OSs), retention of OS proteins in the inner segments of photoreceptors, and abnormal filamentous actin network at the base of cone OSs in the mutant retina by 8 mph. Electron microscopy revealed aberrant structure of calyceal processes, numerous vesiculation and lamellar interruptions, and autophagosomes in the eys-mutant cone photoreceptors. In situ hybridization showed an autophagy component gene, gabarap, was ectopically expressed in the eys-null retina. These results suggest eys is required for regeneration of OS, especially of cone photoreceptors, and transport of OS proteins by regulating actin filaments. Enhanced autophagy may delay the progression of retinal degeneration when lacking EYS in the medaka retina.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2024EpEX, the soluble extracellular domain of EpCAM, resists cetuximab treatment of EGFR-high head and neck squamous cell carcinomaENKokiUMEMORIGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2024Social Capital and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder among Heavy Rainfall and Flood Victims in JapanENChikaraMIYAJIGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama2688-6146512023Trousseau's syndrome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma271273ENWataruKitamuraDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYumikoSatoDepartment of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterShoichiKuyamaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Georg Thieme Verlag KGActa Medica Okayama0039-788156162024Sequential Paired Electrochemical Transformation of Styrene Oxide via Anodic Meinwald Rearrangement and Cathodic Nitromethylation in an Electrochemical Flow Reactor with Catalytic Electrical Input25072512ENEisukeSatoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKanonNagamineGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityChikaSasakiGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityShumpeiKunimotoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoichiMitsudoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityPaired electrosynthesis, which utilize both anodic and cathodic events in electrolysis, enables attractive transformations with higher current efficiency than conventional electrosynthesis. The electrochemical flow technique has been widely employed to ensure stable reaction conditions and mitigate issues stemming from mass transfer. In this study, the electrochemical Meinwald rearrangement of styrene oxides was investigated, yielding aldehydes as intermediates, followed by the nitromethylation of aldehydes to produce β-nitro alcohols. These reactions were achieved with catalytic electrical input, enabling the conversion of various styrene oxides into the corresponding β-nitro alcohols.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPIActa Medica Okayama2075-163X1442024Swelling Stress of Bentonite: Thermodynamics of Interlayer Water in K-Montmorillonite in Consideration of Alteration430ENMisatoEndoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHaruoSatoInstitute of Academic and Research, Okayama UniversityThe buffer material that makes up the geological disposal system of high-level waste swells by contact with groundwater and seals space with rock mass and fractures in rock mass. The buffer material has a function of mechanical buffer with rock pressure, and swelling stress is important in this case. The alteration of bentonite may occur due to the initial replacement of cations (Na+ ions) in the interlayer with K+ ions upon contact with groundwater, but there are no studies on the swelling stress of K-bentonite. In this study, the author prepared K-montmorillonite samples and obtained thermodynamic data on interlayer water as a function of water content using a relative humidity method. The swelling stress was analyzed based on a thermodynamic model developed in earlier studies and compared with measured data. The activity and the relative partial molar Gibbs free energy of porewater decreased with decreasing water content in the region, below approximately 15%. This behavior significantly differs from that of other ions, such as Na. The swelling stress calculated based on the thermodynamic model and date occurred in the region of high density of 1.9 Mg/m3 with montmorillonite partial density. It was indicated for the first time that K-bentonite scarcely swells under realistic design conditions.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama0925-571012012024Spontaneous regression of multiple solitary plasmacytoma harboring Epstein–Barr virus: a case report and literature review128134ENWataruKitamuraDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineHirokiKobayashiDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineMinoriNodaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterAkikoIsekiDepartment of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterYumiSatoDepartment of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterYoshinobuMaedaDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineShoichiKuyamaDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterWe report a rare case of spontaneous regression (SR) in an elderly untreated patient with multiple solitary plasmacytoma (MSP). Diagnosis of MSP was confirmed through surgical resection of the left nasal cavity mass and subsequent biopsy of the right humerus. The patient was considered ineligible for chemotherapy due to poor performance status. At 3-month post-diagnosis, the patient’s condition worsened with deteriorating bone lesions and emergence of a new serum monoclonal protein. However, these clinical findings completely disappeared at 6 months, and positron emission tomography–computed tomography at 1 year confirmed complete metabolic remission. Notably, peripheral blood lymphocyte counts were inversely correlated with tumor progression and remission. Pathological re-evaluation of the initial biopsy specimens revealed programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells. In addition, tumor cells were infected with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) but were negative for programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, which is the most potent immune escape mechanism in tumor cells. While the mechanism underlying SR remains unclear, our findings suggest that host immune response as well as EBV infection may contribute to SR. Further studies are needed to elucidate the clinicopathologic mechanisms of tumor regression in plasma cell neoplasms.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPIActa Medica Okayama2075-163X1442024Changes of Temperature and Moisture Distribution over Time by Thermo-Hydro-Chemical (T-H-C)-Coupled Analysis in Buffer Material Focusing on Montmorillonite Content394ENKoheiOuchiGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHaruoSatoGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityBentonite is used as a buffer material in engineered barriers for the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. The buffer material will be made of bentonite, a natural clay, mixed with silica sand. The buffer material is affected by decay heat from high-level radioactive waste, infiltration of groundwater, and swelling of the buffer material. The analysis of these factors requires coupled analysis of heat transfer, moisture transfer, and groundwater chemistry. The purpose of this study is to develop a model to evaluate bentonite types and silica sand content in a unified manner for thermo-hydro-chemical (T-H-C)-coupled analysis in buffer materials. We focused on the content of the clay mineral montmorillonite, which is the main component of bentonite, and developed a model to derive the moisture diffusion coefficient of liquid water and water vapor based on Philip and de Vries, and Kozeny-Carman. The evolutions of the temperature and moisture distribution in the buffer material were analyzed, and the validity of each distribution was confirmed by comparison with the measured data obtained from an in situ experiment at 350 m in depth at the Horonobe Underground Research Center, Hokkaido, Japan.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155813612024令和４年度岡山医学会賞 胸部・循環研究奨励賞（砂田賞）13ENJunkoItanoDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respitatory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama0040-575213642023FLOURY ENDOSPERM 6 mutations enhance the sugary phenotype caused by the loss of ISOAMYLASE1 in barley94ENRyoMatsushimaInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityHiroshiHisanoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityIvanGalisInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversitySatokoMiuraDepartment of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural UniversityNaokoCroftsDepartment of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural UniversityYutoTakenakaCollege of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan UniversityNaoko F.OitomeDepartment of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural UniversityTakeshiIshimizuCollege of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan UniversityNaokoFujitaDepartment of Biological Production, Akita Prefectural UniversityKazuhiroSatoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityStarch is a biologically and commercially important glucose polymer synthesized by plants as semicrystalline starch granules (SGs). Because SG morphology affects starch properties, mutants with altered SG morphology may be useful in breeding crops with desirable starch properties, including potentially novel properties. In this study, we employed a simple screen for mutants with altered SG morphology in barley (Hordeum vulgare). We isolated mutants that formed compound SGs together with the normal simple SGs in the endosperm and found that they were allelic mutants of the starch biosynthesis genes ISOAMYLASE1 (HvISA1) and FLOURY ENDOSPERM 6 (HvFLO6), encoding starch debranching enzyme and CARBOHYDRATE-BINDING MODULE 48-containing protein, respectively. We generated the hvflo6 hvisa1 double mutant and showed that it had significantly reduced starch biosynthesis and developed shrunken grains. In contrast to starch, soluble α-glucan, phytoglycogen, and sugars accumulated to higher levels in the double mutant than in the single mutants. In addition, the double mutants showed defects in SG morphology in the endosperm and in the pollen. This novel genetic interaction suggests that hvflo6 acts as an enhancer of the sugary phenotype caused by hvisa1 mutation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7822024Laparoscopic Resection Combined with a Transsacral Approach for a Recurrent Tailgut Cyst with a Refractory Fistula193196ENHajimeKashimaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesFuminoriTeraishiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYukiMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHiroshiShimamuraDepartment of Surgery, Chikuba Hospital for Gastrointestinal and Colorectal SurgeryToshiyoshiFujiwaraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesCase Report10.18926/AMO/66928Tailgut cyst is a rare cystic disease of the anterior sacral surface and the remains of an embryonic tail gut. Tailgut cysts have a potential for malignancy, and complete resection with an adequate surgical margin is necessary. Even if incomplete resection does not result in recurrence of malignant disease, there is a risk of local infection leading to refractory fistulas. The optimal treatment for such refractory recurrent lesions has not been reported. We describe a case in which the combination of laparoscopic and transsacral approaches was effective for resecting a recurrent refractory fistula after incomplete resection of a tail gut cyst.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPIActa Medica Okayama2072-66941672024Copy Number Analysis of 9p24.1 in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma Arising in Immune Deficiency/Dysregulation1298ENKumikoOhsawaDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesShujiMomoseDepartment of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYukaGionDepartment of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ehime Prefectural University of Health SciencesKeisukeSawadaDepartment of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityMorihiroHigashiDepartment of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityMichihideTokuhiraDepartment of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Saitama Medical CenterJun-IchiTamaruDepartment of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesA subset of patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving methotrexate develop immune deficiencies and dysregulation-associated lymphoproliferative disorders. Patients with these disorders often exhibit spontaneous regression after MTX withdrawal; however, chemotherapeutic intervention is frequently required in patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma arising in immune deficiency/dysregulation. In this study, we examined PD-L1 expression levels and 9p24.1 copy number alterations in 27 patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma arising from immune deficiency/dysregulation. All patients demonstrated PD-L1 protein expression and harbored 9p24.1 copy number alterations on the tumor cells. When comparing clinicopathological data and associations with 9p24.1 copy number features, the copy gain group showed a significantly higher incidence of extranodal lesions and clinical stages than the amplification group. Notably, all cases in the amplification group had latency type II, while 6/8 (75%) in the copy gain group had latency type II, and 2/8 (25%) had latency type I. Thus, a subset of the copy-gain group demonstrated more extensive extranodal lesions and higher clinical stages. This finding speculates the presence of a genetically distinct subgroup within the group of patients who develop immune deficiencies and dysregulation-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, which may explain certain characteristic features.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7822024Photon-Counting Detector CT: Potential for 75% Reduction in Contrast Medium Amount: A Phantom Study135142ENFumiyoHigakiDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University HospitalYusukeMorimitsuDepartment of Radiological Technology, Okayama University HospitalToshihiroIguchiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityHayatoSaitoDepartment of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical SchoolHaruhikoTakakiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical SchoolAyakoNakagoshiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical SchoolMakiWadaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Okayama University Medical SchoolMayuUkaDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University HospitalNoriakiAkagiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Okayama University HospitalToshiharuMitsuhashiCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalYusukeMatsuiDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakaoHirakiDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/66916This study aimed to evaluate the potential reduction in contrast medium utilization using photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT). One PCD-CT scan (CT1) and three conventional (non-PCD-CT) CT scans (CT2-CT4) were performed using a multi-energy CT phantom that contained eight rods with different iodine concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/ml). The CT values of the seven groups (CT1 for 40, 50, 60, and 70 keV; and CT2-4) were measured. Noise and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were assessed for the eight rods at various iodine concentrations. CT2 and CT1 (40 keV) respectively required 20 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml of iodine, indicating that a comparable contrast effect could be obtained with approximately one-fourth of the contrast medium amount. The standard deviation values increased at lower energy levels irrespective of the iodine concentration. The CNR exhibited a decreasing trend with lower iodine concentrations, while it remained relatively stable across all iodine levels (40-70 keV). This study demonstrated that virtual monochromatic 40 keV images offer a similar contrast effect with a reduced contrast medium amount when compared to conventional CT systems at 120 kV.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7822024The Roles of Neuropeptide Y in Respiratory Disease Pathogenesis via the Airway Immune Response95106ENJunkoItanoDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKatsuyukiKiuraDepartment of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University HospitalYoshinobuMaedaDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNobuakiMiyaharaDepartment of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University HospitalReview10.18926/AMO/66912The lungs are very complex organs, and the respiratory system performs the dual roles of repairing tissue while protecting against infection from various environmental stimuli. Persistent external irritation disrupts the immune responses of tissues and cells in the respiratory system, ultimately leading to respiratory disease. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino-acid polypeptide and a neurotransmitter that regulates homeostasis. The NPY receptor is a seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein-coupled receptor with six subtypes (Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, and Y6). Of these receptors, Y1, Y2, Y4, and Y5 are functional in humans, and Y1 plays important roles in the immune responses of many organs, including the respiratory system. NPY and the Y1 receptor have critical roles in the pathogenesis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The effects of NPY on the airway immune response and pathogenesis differ among respiratory diseases. This review focuses on the involvement of NPY in the airway immune response and pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Nature PortfolioActa Medica Okayama2045-23221412024Assessing the efficacy of simulation-based education for paramedics in extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma under physician guidance4190ENAkikoOhiraDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJotaMakiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKoheiAgetaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHikariNakatoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHikaruObaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomohiroMitomaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSakurakoMishimaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKazumasaTaniDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSatoeKirinoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesErikoEtoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAtsunoriNakaoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHisashiMasuyamaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesWe investigated the effectiveness of simulation-based education in Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) to increase the number of Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) capable of performing ultrasound examinations in vehicles under the guidance of a physician. Twenty-eight paramedics watched a 14-min video on the features of the ultrasound system, its use, and the scanning method for each part of the body. Each participant performed four FAST examinations using a portable ultrasound device, and the task performance was rated using the Task Specific Checklist (TSC) and Global Rating Scale (GRS). The time required for visualizing each examination site and each FAST was assessed. The mean time required for the first and fourth FAST was 144.6 ± 52.4 s and 90.5 ± 31.0 s, respectively. The time required for each test significantly decreased with repeated testing (p < 0.001). The time to complete FAST was significantly shortened for the pericardial cavity (33.4 ± 23.1/15.3 ± 10.6 s, p < 0.01), right thoracic cavity (25.2 ± 11.8/12.1 ± 8.3 s, p < 0.01), Morrison fossa (19.1 ± 10.8/10.8 ± 6.3 s, p < 0.05), and left thoracic cavity (19.0 ± 8.3/15.6 ± 8.3 s, p < 0.05). TSC and GRS scores were elevated, and all EMTs could obtain valid images. The combination of a brief video lecture and hands-on training significantly reduced the time required for FAST performance. Moreover, repeated practice enabled the EMTs to efficiently obtain accurate and clinically useful images.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231852024人権教育のための探究ベースの概念型カリキュラムの開発1336ENYuichiMIYAMOTOFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityYudaiMAKABEInternational School in MalaysiaShunSATOEduca & Quest Inc.TomochikaOSHIROGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima UniversityMikaMATSUYAMADegree Programs in Education, The College of Education, University of Tsukuba10.18926/bgeou/66705 本研究の目的は，探究ベースの概念型カリキュラムの開発手法に即して，中等教育段階における人権教育の単元開発を行うことである。国内外の人権教育の取組の成果を踏まえつつ，人権の抱えるアンビバレントな側面への省察を促しこれを理解することの重要性を提起した。そのために本研究は，国際バカロレアで用いられている，「概念型カリキュラムの指導」のうち，探究型の概念理解カリキュラムをデザイン原則に据えて，人権教育のカリキュラム開発を行った。分配，承認，同調，暴力，リスクという５つの主要概念からなる単元を開発し，その具体的な単元開発の成果をまとめた。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1869-20447312023Exploratory study of volatile fatty acids and the rumen-and-gut microbiota of dairy cows in a single farm, with respect to subclinical infection with bovine leukemia virus31ENTakehitoSuzukiSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu UniversityHironobuMurakamiSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu UniversityJumpeiUchiyamaDepartment of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityReiichiroSatoFaculty of Agriculture, University of MiyazakiIyoTakemura-UchiyamaDepartment of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityMasayaOgataSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu UniversityKazuyukiSogawaSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu UniversityHirohoIshidaSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu UniversityApichartAtipairinSchool of Pharmacy, Walailak UniversityOsamuMatsushitaDepartment of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityMakotoNagaiSchool of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu UniversityBackground Subclinical infection with bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in cows can cause economic losses in milk and meat production in many countries, as BLV-related negative effects. The volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and microbiota present in the digestive tracts of cows can contribute to cow health. Here, we exploratorily investigated the VFAs and microbiota in the rumen and gut with respect to subclinical BLV infection using cows housed at a single farm.<br>
Results We analyzed a herd of 38 cows kept at one farm, which included 15 uninfected and 23 BLV-infected cows. First, the analysis of the VFAs in the rumen, gut, and blood revealed an absence of statistically significant differences between the uninfected and BLV-infected groups. Thus, BLV infection did not cause major changes in VFA levels in all tested specimens. Next, we analyzed the rumen and gut microbiota. The analysis of the microbial diversity revealed a modest difference between the uninfected and BLV-infected groups in the gut; by contrast, no differences were observed in the rumen. In addition, the investigation of the bacteria that were predominant in the uninfected and BLV-infected groups via a differential abundance analysis showed that no significant bacteria were present in either of the microbiota. Thus, BLV infection possibly affected the gut microbiota to a small extent. Moreover, bacterial associations were compared between the uninfected and BLV-infected groups. The results of this analysis suggested that BLV infection affected the equilibrium of the bacterial associations in both microbiota, which might be related to the BLV-related negative effects. Thus, BLV infection may negatively affect the equilibrium of bacterial associations in both microbiota.<br>
Conclusions Subclinical BLV infection is likely to affect the rumen and gut microbiota, which may partly explain the BLV-related negative effects.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. ElsevierActa Medica Okayama1083-351X29982023Mammalian type opsin 5 preferentially activates G14 in Gq-type G proteins triggering intracellular calcium response105020ENKeitaSatoDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakahiroYamashitaDepartment of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto UniversityHideyoOhuchiDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityMammalian type opsin 5 (Opn5m), a UV-sensitive G protein-coupled receptor opsin highly conserved in vertebrates, would provide a common basis for UV sensing from lamprey to humans. However, G protein coupled with Opn5m remains controversial due to variations in assay conditions and the origin of Opn5m across different reports. Here, we examined Opn5m from diverse species using an aequorin luminescence assay and G alpha-KO cell line. Beyond the commonly studied major G alpha classes, G alpha q, G alpha 11, G alpha 14, and G alpha 15 in the Gq class were individually investigated in this study, as they can drive distinct signaling pathways in addition to a canonical calcium response. UV light triggered a calcium response via all the tested Opn5m proteins in 293T cells, which was abolished by Gq-type G alpha deletion and rescued by cotransfection with mouse and medaka Gq-type G alpha proteins. Opn5m preferentially activated G alpha 14 and close relatives. Mutational analysis implicated specific regions, including alpha 3-beta 5 and alpha G-alpha 4 loops, alpha G and alpha 4 helices, and the extreme C terminus, in the preferential activation of G alpha 14 by Opn5m. FISH revealed co-expression of genes encoding Opn5m and G alpha 14 in the scleral cartilage of medaka and chicken eyes, supporting their physiological coupling. This suggests that the preferential activation of G alpha 14 by Opn5m is relevant for UV sensing in specific cell types.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Public Library of ScienceActa Medica Okayama1932-62031912024Aromatic oil from lavender as an atopic dermatitis suppressante0296408ENHarunaSatoGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityKosukeKatoGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityMayukoKoreishiGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityYoshimasaNakamuraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYoshioTsujinoGraduate School of Science, Technology, and Innovation, Kobe UniversityAyanoSatohGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityIn atopic dermatitis (AD), nerves are abnormally stretched near the surface of the skin, making it sensitive to itching. Expression of neurotrophic factor Artemin (ARTN) involved in such nerve stretching is induced by the xenobiotic response (XRE) to air pollutants and UV radiation products. Therefore, AD can be monitored by the XRE response. Previously, we established a human keratinocyte cell line stably expressing a NanoLuc reporter gene downstream of XRE. We found that 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), a tryptophan metabolite and known inducer of the XRE, increased reporter and Artemin mRNA expression, indicating that FICZ-treated cells could be a model for AD. Lavender essential oil has been used in folk medicine to treat AD, but the scientific basis for its use is unclear. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of lavender essential oil and its major components, linalyl acetate and linalool, to suppress AD and sensitize skin using the established AD model cell line, and keratinocyte and dendritic cell activation assays. Our results indicated that lavender essential oil from L. angustifolia and linalyl acetate exerted a strong AD inhibitory effect and almost no skin sensitization. Our model is useful in that it can circumvent the practice of using animal studies to evaluate AD medicines.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7812024Utility of Combined Use of Transabdominal Ultrasonography and Fecal Immunochemical Test Examinations in Ulcerative Colitis7983ENMasahiroTakaharaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSakikoHiraokaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMasayasuOhmoriDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKeikoTakeuchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKensukeTakeiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYukiAoyamaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesErikoYasutomiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShokoIgawaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshihiroInokuchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJunkiToyosawaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYasushiYamasakiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHideakiKinugasaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKeitaHaradaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHidekiOnishiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHiroyukiOkadaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShort Communication10.18926/AMO/66674This study examined the utility of the combined use of transabdominal ultrasonography (TUS) and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) to detect mucosal inflammation, vis-a-vis the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES), in ulcerative colitis (UC). Sixty-three UC patients who underwent TUS and FIT were retrospectively enrolled. For TUS, the colon was divided into five segments, and the bowel wall thickness was measured and evaluated. The accuracy of FIT (> 100 ng/ml) in detecting mucosal inflammation (MES>0) was 0.93, whereas that of TUS (BWT>2 mm) in each segment was 0.84-0.97. The combined use of TUS and FIT may be helpful in noninvasive treatment strategies.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7812024High Fracture Rate of AVANTA Silicone Implant Following Arthroplasty of the Thumb MCP Joint of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Boutonniere Deformities7178ENDaisukeKanedaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKeiichiroNishidaLocomotive Pain Center, Okayama University HospitalYoshihisaNasuDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University HospitalRyuichiNakaharaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University HospitalRyozoHaradaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kurashiki Sweet HospitalYoshifumiHottaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShuichiNaniwaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshifumiOzakiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/66673We retrospectively investigated the mid-term outcomes of arthroplasty using the AVANTA silicone implant for thumb metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints with boutonniere deformity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study involved 36 thumbs of 33 RA patients with a mean follow-up period of 5.1 years (range, 2.0-13.3). Postoperatively, the mean extension was significantly increased and the mean flexion was significantly decreased (p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively), resulting in the mean arc of range of motion (ROM) shifting in the direction of extension after surgery. Implant fracture was observed in 10 thumbs (28%), and 4 of these (11%) underwent revision surgery. The survivorship with implant fracture and revision surgery as endpoints were 73.4% and 91.8% at 5 years, respectively. The preoperative arc of ROM and the postoperative flexion range of the implant-fracture group were significantly greater than those in the no-implant-fracture group (p=0.039, 0.034, respectively). These results suggest the importance of patient education and careful rehabilitation to prevent excessive flexion. Overall, the AVANTA silicone implant showed a relatively high rate of implant fracture at our institute.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7812024Long-Term Follow-up Data of a Multi-Institutional Phase-2 Study of S-1/oxaliplatin and Bevacizumab Therapy in Patients with Advanced Colorectal Cancer: The HiSCO-02 Study4752ENManabuShimomuraDepartment of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima UniversityKatsunoriShinozakiDivision of Clinical Oncology, Hiroshima Prefectural HospitalTakuyaYanoDepartment of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima UniversityShintaroAkabaneDepartment of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima UniversityHidekiOhdanDepartment of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima UniversityHiroshima Surgical study group of Clinical Oncology (HiSCO)Original Article10.18926/AMO/66670Oral fluoropyrimidines (FUs) have certain advantages over intravenous FUs, such as longer intervals between outpatient visits, no requirement for central venous port (CVP) implantation, and lower incidence of neutropenia. We previously reported the efficacy of S-1/oxaliplatin (SOX) with bevacizumab therapy as a first-line treatment for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) in a prospective phase-II multi-institutional clinical trial (HiSCO-02 study). However, our prognostic data at the time lacked a sufficient observation period. Herein, we analyze the longer-term follow-up data, focusing on the status of eventual CVP implantation via an open-label, non-randomized, multicenter study. This study enrolled 55 patients (mean age, 64 years), of whom 43 died (41 of primary cancer). The median overall survival was 22.7 months (95% CI: 20.1-34.7 months). Post-treatment regimens after failure of first-line treatment were initiated in 43 patients; CPT11-based regimens were selected in most cases, and other oral FU combinations in nine. CVP was implanted in 35 patients prior to first-line treatment; eleven of the remaining 20 patients did not require CVP implantation. In conclusion, we report here the final prognostic update of the Phase II clinical trial examining the efficacy of SOX plus bevacizumab therapy, the results of which confirm the clinical efficacy of this regimen.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7812024Regression of Necrotic Lesions after Methotrexate Withdrawal in Patients with Methotrexate-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorders: A Retrospective CT Study2936ENTakahiroKitayamaDepartment of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakashiTanakaDepartment of Radiology, Okayama City HospitalYuichiroKanieDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University HospitalYoheiMarukawaDepartment of Radiology, Okayama Saiseikai General HospitalKatsuhideKojimaDepartment of Radiology, Okayama University HospitalTakehiroTanakaDepartment of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversitySoshiTakaoDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakaoHirakiDepartment of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/66668This retrospective study investigated whether necrotic lesions detected on a computed tomography (CT) scan are more regressive than non-necrotic lesions after methotrexate withdrawal in patients pathologically diagnosed with methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders (MTX-LPD). In total, 89 lesions extracted from 24 patients on CT scans were included in the analysis. All patients had been evaluated for the presence of necrosis within lesions via CT scan upon first suspicion of MTX-LPD (baseline CT scan). The percentage lesion size reduction between the baseline and initial follow-up CT scan was calculated. The association between necrosis within lesions and size changes was estimated via linear regression analyses using both crude and adjusted models. Necrosis was significantly more common in extranodal lesions (27 out of 30 lesions, 90%) than in nodal lesions (9 out of 59 lesions, 15%, p<0.001). In the crude model, the regression of necrotic lesions was 58.5% greater than that of non-necrotic lesions; the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Additionally, the longest diameter of necrotic lesions at the baseline CT scan was significantly greater than that of non-necrotic lesions (p<0.001). Based on the adjusted model, necrotic lesions showed 49.3% greater regression than non-necrotic lesions (p=0.017). Necrosis detected on a CT scan was found to be an independent predictor of regression after MTX withdrawal in patients with MTX-LPD.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Electrochemical Society of JapanActa Medica Okayama1344-354291112023Cathodic N-O Bond Cleavage of N-Alkoxy Amide112005ENEisukeSatoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySayakaOgitaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoichiMitsudoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityCathodic reduction efficiently cleaved N-O bonds. The simple cathodic reduction of Weinreb amides in a divided cell afforded the corresponding amide in good yields. Cyclic voltammetry experiments and density functional theory calculations suggested that the direct reduction of the N-methoxy amide generates the methoxy radical and amide anion. The release of methanol derived from methoxy radical would be the driving force of the N-O bond cleavage.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Electrochemical Society of JapanActa Medica Okayama1344-354291112023Electrochemical Synthesis of Dibenzothiophene S,S-Dioxides from Biaryl Sulfonyl Hydrazides112007ENYasuyukiOkumuraDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityEisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoichiMitsudoDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityThe electrochemical synthesis of dibenzothiophene S,S-dioxides was achieved by the anodic oxidation of biaryl sulfonyl hydrazides. The use of Bu4NOTf as the electrolyte in HFIP/CH3NO2 (15 : 1) is essential. Several biaryl sulfonyl hydrazides followed by dibenzothiophene S,S-dioxides under mild electrochemical conditions. Control experiments and density functional theory calculations suggested that the electrooxidation of biaryl sulfonyl hydrazides would generate sulfonyl radicals or sulfonyl cations which were converted to dibenzothiophene S,S-dioxides.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. Japanese Society for Lymphoreticular Tissue ResearchActa Medica Okayama1346-42806412024Analysis of Notch1 protein expression in methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders19ENTakeshiOkataniDepartment of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesMidori FilizNishimuraDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYuriaEgusaDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesSayakoYoshidaDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYoshitoNishimuraDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesTadashiYoshinoDepartment of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesHidetakaYamamotoDepartment of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesMethotrexate (MTX)-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD) is a lymphoproliferative disorder in patients treated with MTX. The mechanism of pathogenesis is still elusive, but it is thought to be a complex interplay of factors, such as underlying autoimmune disease activity, MTX use, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and aging. The NOTCH genes encode receptors for a signaling pathway that regulates various fundamental cellular processes, such as proliferation and differentiation during embryonic development. Mutations of NOTCH1 have been reported in B-cell tumors, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia/ lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Recently, it has also been reported that NOTCH1 mutations are found in post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and in CD20-positive cells in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, which might be associated with lymphomagenesis in immunodeficiency. In this study, to investigate the association of NOTCH1 in the pathogenesis of MTX-LPD, we evaluated protein expression of Notch1 in nuclei immunohistochemically in MTX-LPD cases [histologically DLBCL-type (n = 24) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL)-type (n = 24)] and de novo lymphoma cases [DLBCL (n = 19) and CHL (n = 15)]. The results showed that among MTX-LPD cases, the expression of Notch1 protein was significantly higher in the DLBCL type than in the CHL type (P < 0.001). In addition, among DLBCL morphology cases, expression of Notch1 tended to be higher in MTX-LPD than in the de novo group; however this difference was not significant (P = 0.0605). The results showed that NOTCH1 may be involved in the proliferation and tumorigenesis of B cells under the use of MTX. Further research, including genetic studies, is necessary.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Oxford University Press (OUP)Acta Medica Okayama1751-73621812024Rhizoviticin is an alphaproteobacterial tailocin that mediates biocontrol of grapevine crown gall disease112ENTomoyaIshiiGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNatsukiTsuchidaFaculty of Agriculture, Okayama UniversityNiarsi MerryHemeldaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKiraraSaitoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityJiyuanBaoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMegumiWatanabeGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAtsushiToyodaDepartment of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of GeneticsTakehiroMatsubaraOkayama University Hospital Biobank, Okayama University HospitalMayukoSatoMass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceKiminoriToyookaMass Spectrometry and Microscopy Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceNobuakiIshihamaPlant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceKenShirasuPlant Immunity Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceHidenoriMatsuiGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKazuhiroToyodaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYukiIchinoseGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTetsuyaHayashiDepartment of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu UniversityAkiraKawaguchiWestern Region Agricultural Research Center (WARC), National Agricultural and Food Research Organization (NARO)YoshiteruNoutoshiGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTailocins are headless phage tail structures that mediate interbacterial antagonism. Although the prototypical tailocins, R- and F-pyocins, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and other predominantly R-type tailocins have been studied, their presence in Alphaproteobacteria remains unexplored. Here, we report the first alphaproteobacterial F-type tailocin, named rhizoviticin, as a determinant of the biocontrol activity of Allorhizobium vitis VAR03-1 against crown gall. Rhizoviticin is encoded by a chimeric prophage genome, one providing transcriptional regulators and the other contributing to tail formation and cell lysis, but lacking head formation genes. The rhizoviticin genome retains a nearly intact early phage region containing an integrase remnant and replication-related genes critical for downstream gene transcription, suggesting an ongoing transition of this locus from a prophage to a tailocin-coding region. Rhizoviticin is responsible for the most antagonistic activity in VAR03-1 culture supernatant against pathogenic A. vitis strain, and rhizoviticin deficiency resulted in a significant reduction in the antitumorigenic activity in planta. We identified the rhizoviticin-coding locus in eight additional A. vitis strains from diverse geographical locations, highlighting a unique survival strategy of certain Rhizobiales bacteria in the rhizosphere. These findings advance our understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of tailocins and provide a scientific foundation for employing rhizoviticin-producing strains in plant disease control.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1880-9162232023『玉簪花』の翻訳を通じた佐藤春夫における文体の発見―その翻訳手法に注目して―（上）4564ENLanQU10.18926/66508No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama2052-88171012023Clinical parameter-guided initial resuscitation in adult patients with septic shock: A systematic review and network meta-analysise914ENTetsuyaYumotoDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTomokiKuribaraSchool of Nursing, Sapporo City UniversityKoheiYamadaDepartment of Traumatology and Critical Care Medicine, National Defense Medical College HospitalTakehitoSatoDepartment of Anesthesiology, Nagoya University HospitalShigeruKobaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Nerima Hikarigaoka HospitalKenichiTetsuharaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Fukuoka Children's HospitalMasahiroKashiuraDepartment of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical UniversityMasaakiSakurayaDepartment of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, JA Hiroshima General HospitalAim: To identify the most useful tissue perfusion parameter for initial resuscitation in sepsis/septic shock adults using a network meta-analysis.<br>
Methods: We searched major databases until December 2022 for randomized trials comparing four tissue perfusion parameters or against usual care. The primary outcome was short-term mortality up to 90 days. The Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis web application was used to assess the quality of evidence.<br>
Results: Seventeen trials were identified. Lactate-guided therapy (risk ratios, 0.59; 95% confidence intervals [0.45–0.76]; high certainty) and capillary refill time-guided therapy (risk ratios, 0.53; 95% confidence intervals [0.33–0.86]; high certainty) were significantly associated with lower short-term mortality compared with usual care, whereas central venous oxygen saturation-guided therapy (risk ratio, 1.50; 95% confidence intervals [1.16–1.94]; moderate certainty) increased the risk of short-term mortality compared with lactate-guided therapy.<br>
Conclusions: Lactate or capillary refill time-guided initial resuscitation for sepsis/septic shock patients may decrease short-term mortality. More research is essential to personalize and optimize treatment strategies for septic shock resuscitation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.American Society of HematologyActa Medica Okayama2473-95297242023Distribution and clinical impact of molecular subtypes with dark zone signature of DLBCL in a Japanese real-world study74597470ENTomohiroUrataDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYusukeNaoiDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAixiangJiangBritish Columbia Cancer, Centre for Lymphoid CancerMerrillBoyleBritish Columbia Cancer, Centre for Lymphoid CancerKazutakaSunamiDepartment of Hematology, NHO Okayama Medical CenterToshiImaiDepartment of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Kochi Health Sciences CenterYuichiroNawaDivision of Hematology, Ehime Prefectural Central HospitalYasushiHiramatsuDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalKazuhikoYamamotoDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama City HospitalSoichiroFujiiDepartment of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalIsaoYoshidaDepartment of Hematologic Oncology, NHO Shikoku Cancer CenterTomofumiYanoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Okayama Rosai HospitalRyotaChijimatsuCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalHiroyukiMurakamiDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKazuhiroIkeuchiDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHirokiKobayashiDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKatsumaTaniDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHidekiUjiieCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalHirofumiInoueClinical Genomic Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceShutaTomidaCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalAkiraYamamotoDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalTakumiKondoDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalHideakiFujiwaraDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalNoboruAsadaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalHisakazuNishimoriDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalKeikoFujiiDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalNobuharuFujiiDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalKen-ichiMatsuokaDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalKeisukeSawadaDepartment of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityShujiMomoseDepartment of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityJun-ichiTamaruDepartment of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversityAsamiNishikoriDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesYasuharuSatoDepartment of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesTadashiYoshinoDepartment of Pathology, Okayama UniversityYoshinobuMaedaDepartment of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesDavid W.ScottBritish Columbia Cancer, Centre for Lymphoid CancerDaisukeEnnishiDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University HospitalThe distribution and clinical impact of cell-of-origin (COO) subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) outside Western countries remain unknown. Recent literature also suggests that there is an additional COO subtype associated with the germinal center dark zone (DZ) that warrants wider validation to generalize clinical relevance. Here, we assembled a cohort of Japanese patients with untreated DLBCL and determined the refined COO subtypes, which include the DZ signature (DZsig), using the NanoString DLBCL90 assay. To compare the distribution and clinical characteristics of the molecular subtypes, we used a data set from the cohort of British Columbia Cancer (BCC) (n = 804). Through the 1050 patient samples on which DLBCL90 assay was successfully performed in our cohort, 35%, 45%, and 6% of patients were identified to have germinal center B-cell–like (GCB) DLBCL, activated B-cell–like (ABC) DLBCL, and DZsig-positive (DZsigpos) DLBCL, respectively, with the highest prevalence of ABC-DLBCL, differing significantly from the BCC result (P < .001). GCB-DLBCL, ABC-DLBCL, and DZsigpos-DLBCL were associated with 2-year overall survival rates of 88%, 75%, and 66%, respectively (P < .0001), with patients with DZsigpos-DLBCL having the poorest prognosis. In contrast, GCB-DLBCL without DZsig showed excellent outcomes after rituximab-containing immunochemotherapy. DZsigpos-DLBCL was associated with the significant enrichment of tumors with CD10 expression, concurrent MYC/BCL2 expression, and depletion of microenvironmental components (all, P < .05). These results provide evidence of the distinct distribution of clinically relevant molecular subtypes in Japanese DLBCL and that refined COO, as measured by the DLBCL90 assay, is a robust prognostic biomarker that is consistent across geographical areas.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.ElsevierActa Medica Okayama0022-283643652024Molecular Property, Manipulation, and Potential Use of Opn5 and Its Homologs168319ENKeitaSatoDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHideyoOhuchiDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityAnimal opsin is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) and binds retinal as a chromophore to form a photopigment. The Opsin 5 (Opn5) group within the animal opsin family comprises a diverse array of related proteins, such as Opn5m, a protein conserved across all vertebrate lineages including mammals, and other members like Opn5L1 and Opn5L2 found in non-mammalian vertebrate genomes, and Opn6 found in non-therian vertebrate genomes, along with Opn5 homologs present in invertebrates. Although these proteins collectively constitute a single clade within the molecular phylogenetic tree of animal opsins, they exhibit markedly distinct molecular characteristics in areas such as retinal binding properties, photoreaction, and G-protein coupling specificity. Based on their molecular features, they are believed to play a significant role in physiological functions. However, our understanding of their precise physiological functions and molecular characteristics is still developing and only partially realized. Furthermore, their unique molecular characteristics of Opn5-related proteins suggest a high potential for their use as optogenetic tools through more specialized manipulations. This review intends to encapsulate our current understanding of Opn5, discuss potential manipulations of its molecular attributes, and delve into its prospective utility in the burgeoning field of animal opsin optogenetics.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.ElsevierActa Medica Okayama1369-5274752023Continued mycovirus discovery expanding our understanding of virus lifestyles, symptom expression, and host defense102337ENYukiyoSatoInstitute for Plant Sciences, University of CologneNobuhiroSuzukiInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityHigh-throughput sequencing technologies have greatly expanded the RNA virome in general and have led to an exponential increase in new fungal viruses, also known as mycoviruses. Mycoviruses are omnipresent in fungi and usually induce symptomless infections. Some mycoviruses infecting fungi pathogenic to plants, insects, and mammals are known to modify host virulence positively and negatively and attract particular interests. In addition, fungal viruses continue to provide intriguing research materials and themes that lead to discoveries of peculiar viruses as infectious entities and insights into virus evolution and diversity. In this review, we outline the diversity and neolifestyle of recently discovered fungal RNA viruses, and phenotypic alterations induced by them. Furthermore, we discuss recent advances in research regarding the fungal antiviral defense and viral counterdefense, which are closely associated with host phenotype alterations. We hope that this article will enhance understanding of the interesting and growing fungal virology field.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.ElsevierActa Medica Okayama1368-83751422023EpEX, the soluble extracellular domain of EpCAM, resists cetuximab treatment of EGFR-high head and neck squamous cell carcinoma106433ENKokiUmemoriDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKishoOnoDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakanoriEguchiDepartment of Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHotakaKawaiDepartment of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTomoyaNakamuraDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTatsuoOgawaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKunihiroYoshidaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHidekaKanemotoDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKoheiSatoDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKyoichiObataDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityShojiRyumonDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHirokazuYutoriDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNaokiKataseDepartment of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki UniversityTatsuoOkuiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of MedicineHitoshiNagatsukaDepartment of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversitySoichiroIbaragiDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityObjectives: Cetuximab (Cmab) is a molecularly targeted monoclonal antibody drug for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), although cetuximab resistance is a serious challenge. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is an established marker for many epithelial tumors, while the soluble EpCAM extracellular domain (EpEX) functions as a ligand for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We investigated the expression of EpCAM in HNSC, its involvement in Cmab action, and the mechanism by which soluble EpEX activated EGFR and played key roles in Cmab resistance.<br>
Materials and methods: We first examined EPCAM expression in HNSCs and its clinical significance by searching gene expression array databases. We then examined the effects of soluble EpEX and Cmab on intracellular signaling and Cmab efficacy in HNSC cell lines (HSC-3 and SAS).<br>
Results: EPCAM expression was found to be enhanced in HNSC tumor tissues compared to normal tissues, and the enhancement was correlated with stage progression and prognosis. Soluble EpEX activated the EGFR-ERK signaling pathway and nuclear translocation of EpCAM intracellular domains (EpICDs) in HNSC cells. EpEX resisted the antitumor effect of Cmab in an EGFR expression-dependent manner.<br>
Conclusion: Soluble EpEX activates EGFR to increase Cmab resistance in HNSC cells. The EpEX-activated Cmab resistance in HNSC is potentially mediated by the EGFR-ERK signaling pathway and the EpCAM cleavage-induced nuclear translocation of EpICD. High expression and cleavage of EpCAM are potential biomarkers for predicting the clinical efficacy and resistance to Cmab.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama2196-02161112023Alkynylation of Aldehydes Initiated by Cathodic Reductione202300499ENEisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMayuFujiiDivision of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoichiMitsudoDivision of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAlkynylation of aldehydes initiated by cathodic reduction was performed. The cathodic alkynylation required only a semi-catalytic amount of electricity to consume the starting material completely. Cyclic voltammetry and some control experiments suggest that the electron-generated base derived from the cathodic reduction of benzaldehyde promotes alkynylation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155813532023COVID-19に対する感染管理活動を通して得られた官民学連携の協働体制― 岡山県クラスター対策班（OCIT）の取り組み―158166ENKazutakaTakahashiRisk Management Office for COVID-19, Department of Health and Medical Care, Okayama Prefectural GovernmentYukariTakahashiDepartment of Intractable Diseases, Health Service Bureau, Ministry of Health, Labour and WelfareYasunoriIchimuraBureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and MedicineKenyaUnoRisk Management Office for COVID-19, Department of Health and Medical Care, Okayama Prefectural GovernmentSatoImajoRisk Management Office for COVID-19, Department of Health and Medical Care, Okayama Prefectural GovernmentSatoshiMitsuiOkayama Prefecture Mimasaka Public Health CenterToshiakiNoriyasuDepartment of Health and Medical Care, Okayama Prefectura GovernmentTakashiYorifujiDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Informa UK LimitedActa Medica Okayama0737-39374222023Flavor retention characteristics of amorphous solid dispersion of flavors, prepared by vacuum-foam- and spray-drying under different conditions227237ENYunaNittaDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHarunaSatoDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityRinaYamamotoDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHiroyukiImanakaDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNaoyukiIshidaDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Doshisha UniversityKoreyoshiImamuraDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityWe investigated the powderization of flavoring substances, using an amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) technique, in which hydrophobic molecules are separately embedded in a water-soluble carrier matrix. Six flavors, five carrier forming materials (polyvinylpyrrolidone/disaccharides), two solvents (methanol/ethanol) and two drying methods (vacuum-foam-/spray-drying) were employed. The drying conditions for the two drying processes were first examined, and under the optimal drying conditions, various flavor-carrier combinations and compositions of ASD samples were prepared and their flavor retention after drying and during storage under a vacuum were compared. Results demonstrated that flavor loss during drying and storage was minimized when the material was vacuum-foam-dried with polyvinylpyrrolidone. Vacuum-foam-drying in the presence of α-maltose or palatinose also resulted in a greater retention of flavor during drying and storage than a typical O/W emulsification-based powderization. These findings suggest that the ASD-based powderization of flavoring materials is a feasible alternative to the currently used produces.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7762023Effects of Nutritional Support Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Muscle Strength and Thickness: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Young Adult Males635645ENTomohiroIkedaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University HospitalKazunoriOkamuraDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of HiroshimaMasakiHasegawaDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of HiroshimaSatoshiTanakaDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of HiroshimaShusakuKanaiDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of HiroshimaOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/66156In the management of post-injury patients with activity limitations, methods to prevent musculoskeletal disorders and hasten recovery are important. This randomized controlled, single-blinded study was a preliminary investigation of the combined effect of nutritional support with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on muscle strength and thickness. Healthy young adult males (median age, 21 years) were enrolled; each of their hands was randomly assigned to one of the following four groups: Placebo, Nutrition, NMES, and Nutrition + NMES. All participants received whey protein or placebo (3x/week for 6 weeks) and NMES training (3x/week for 6 weeks) on the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle of either the left or right hand. ADM muscle strength and thickness were analyzed at baseline and at week 7. We analyzed 38 hands (9 Placebo, 10 Nutrition, 9 NMES, 10 Nutrition + NMES). There was significantly greater muscle strengthening in the Nutrition + NMES group compared to the Placebo group or the NMES group, but no significant difference in gain of muscle thickness. The combined intervention may be effective in improving muscle strength. Future clinical trials targeting various muscles after sports-related injuries are warranted.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7762023Review of a Series of Surveys on Adverse Reactions to the COVID-19 mRNA-1273 Vaccine at Okayama University567575ENNaomiMatsumotoDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityChigusaHiguchiOkayama University Health Service CenterChikaraMiyajiOkayama University Health Service CenterToshiharuMitsuhashiCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalHideharuHagiyaDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University HospitalSoshiTakaoDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakashiYorifujiDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityReview10.18926/AMO/66148This paper presents the results of a series of surveys conducted from July 2021 to March 2023 to investigate the post-vaccination adverse reactions to the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine among faculty, staff, and students at Okayama University. These studies complement the official surveys conducted by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) and provide a more representative picture of adverse reactions in the general population including large numbers of healthy young people. Pain, swelling, redness at the injection site, fever, headache, and malaise were the main adverse reactions reported. The proportion of adverse reactions was generally higher after the second vaccination and decreased with each additional vaccination. No statistically significant differences in the adverse reactions were found for males and females and those with/without a history of allergy, but a lower proportion of fever was observed in older participants and those with underlying medical conditions. We also evaluated the association between adverse reactions and antibody titers after the third vaccination and found no significant differences in antibody levels one month after vaccination. This series of studies highlights the importance of conducting surveys in diverse populations to provide a more representative picture of post-vaccination adverse reactions during a pandemic.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231842023日本の教育学は新カント派をどう読んだのか― 篠原助市文庫の書誌調査から ―930ENYuichiMIYAMOTOFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityShoheiFUKAMIFaculty of Education, University of MiyazakiTakahiroSATOFaculty of Integrated Arts and Social Sciences, Japan Women̓s University10.18926/bgeou/66128 本稿は，「篠原助市教育学の形成過程に関する教育学説史的研究：新カント派受容に着目して」の一環として，京都大学教育学部図書館の篠原助市・陽二文庫の書誌調査から，戦前期日本の教育学者が新カント派のテクストの「どれ」を「いつ」「どのように」読んだのかについて，篠原助市の生涯と彼の著作『教育の本質と教育学』（1930 年）に焦点を当てて検討したものである。書誌調査から，篠原助市文庫のほとんどが陽二のものであることがわかった。篠原は学校に務めていたころにナトルプの解説書から新カント派に出会ったが，本格的にこれに習熟するようになるのは京都帝国大学入学以後であることがわかった。京都帝国大学から東京高等師範学校時代はヴィンデルバント（新カント派のバーデン学派）により重点を置いた読書を重ね，その歴史哲学的指向性を受容するも，その後1923 年から1930 年までの東北帝国大学時代には，博論執筆に向けてナトルプ（マールブルク学派）を深めており，バーデン学派の思想的成熟は『本質』執筆以後の1930 年代に成し遂げられたことがわかった。篠原の『本質』における新カント派受容をナトルプに限定し，その解釈を「補完・敷衍」「憑依・同調」「当馬・対立」という類型で整理した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama1434-193X26472023Electrochemical Coupling Reactions Using Non‐Transition Metal Mediators: Recent Advancese202300835ENKoichiMitsudoDivision of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Environmental Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYasuyukiOkumuraDivision of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Environmental Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityEisukeSatoDivision of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Environmental Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversitySeijiSugaDivision of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Environmental Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityIndirect electrolysis method using appropriate mediators enables numerous chemical reactions. The general principles of mediators were described herein with a particular focus on non-transition metal mediators. Recent representative examples of bond formation reactions by indirect electrolysis are summarized and discussed here.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2023SHRSP5/Dmcr rats fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet develop disease-induced sarcopenia as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis progressesENShuseiYAMAMOTOGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2023Application of amorphous sugar matrix dried from alcohol to solid dispersion of hydrophobic drug and its physicochemical characteristicsENKojiTAKEDAGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama universityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2023Conventional Cancer Therapies Can Accelerate Malignant Potential of Cancer Cells by Activating Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Esophageal Cancer ModelsENSatoshiKOMOTOGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2023Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation May Not Stop Glutamate Release in the Cerebral CortexENMikiFUSHIMIGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2023Expression of Acetabular Labral Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Nerve Growth Factor Is Directly Associated with Hip Osteoarthritis Pain: Investigation by Immunohistochemical StainingENYoshihiroSATOGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Royal Society of ChemistryActa Medica Okayama2041-652014422023An emissive charge-transfer excited-state at the well-defined hetero-nanostructure interface of an organic conjugated molecule and two-dimensional inorganic nanosheet1191411923ENTomokazuUmeyamaDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of HyogoDaizuMizutaniDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityYukiIkedaDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityW. RyanOsterlohDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityFutaYamamotoDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of HyogoKosakuKatoGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAkiraYamakataGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMasahiroHigashiDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityTakumiUrakamiDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityHirofumiSatoDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityHiroshiImahoriDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityPrecise engineering of excited-state interactions between an organic conjugated molecule and a two-dimensional semiconducting inorganic nanosheet, specifically the manipulation of charge-transfer excited (CTE) states, still remains a challenge for state-of-the-art photochemistry. Herein, we report a long-lived, highly emissive CTE state at structurally well-defined hetero-nanostructure interfaces of photoactive pyrene and two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets via an N-benzylsuccinimide bridge (Py-Bn-MoS2). Spectroscopic measurements reveal that no charge-transfer state is formed in the ground state, but the locally-excited (LE) state of pyrene in Py-Bn-MoS2 efficiently generates an unusual emissive CTE state. Theoretical studies elucidate the interaction of MoS2 vacant orbitals with the pyrene LE state to form a CTE state that shows a distinct solvent dependence of the emission energy. This is the first example of organic-inorganic 2D hetero-nanostructures displaying mixed luminescence properties by an accurate design of the bridge structure, and therefore represents an important step in their applications for energy conversion and optoelectronic devices and sensors.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7752023Favorable Outcome of Repeated Salvage Surgeries for Rare Metastasis to the Ligamentum Teres Hepatis and the Upper Abdominal Wall in a Stage IV Gastric Cancer Patient553559ENTakahiroMurokawaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences CenterShinyaSakamotoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences CenterMotoyasuTabuchiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences CenterKentaSuiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences CenterKazuhideOzakiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences CenterManabuMatsumotoDepartment of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Health Sciences CenterJunIwataDepartment of Diagnostic Pathology, Kochi Health Sciences CenterTakehiroOkabayashiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences CenterHiroshiYoshidaDepartment of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical SchoolCase Report10.18926/AMO/65979Gastric cancer with peritoneal metastases is typically a devastating diagnosis. Ligamentum teres hepatis (LTH) metastasis is an extremely rare presentation with only four known cases. Herein, we report salvage surgery of successive metastases to the abdominal wall and LTH in a patient originally presenting with advanced gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis, leading to long-term survival. A 72-year-old man with advanced gastric cancer underwent curative-intent distal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection for gastric outlet obstruction. During this procedure, three small peritoneal metastases were detected in the lesser omentum, the small mesentery, and the mesocolon; however, intraoperative abdominal lavage cytology was negative. We added cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal metastasis. The pathological diagnosis of the gastric cancer was tubular adenocarcinoma with pT4aN1pM1(PER/P1b)CY0 stage IV (Japanese classification of gastric carcinoma/JCGC 15th), or T4N1M1b stage IV (UICC 7th). Post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 (TS-1)+cisplatin (CDDP) was administered for 8 months followed by S-1 monotherapy for 4 months. At 28 months after the initial surgery, a follow-up computed tomography (CT) detected a small mass beneath the upper abdominal wall. The ass showed mild avidity on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission (FDG-PET) CT. Salvage resection was performed for diagnosis and treatment, and pathological findings were consistent with primary gastric cancer metastasis. At 49 months after the initial gastrectomy, a new lesion was detected in the LTH with a similar level of avidity on FDG-PET CT as the abdominal wall metastatic lesion. We performed a second salvage surgery for the LTH tumor, which also showed pathology of gastric cancer metastasis. There has been no recurrence up to 1 year after the LTH surgery. With multidisciplinary treatment the patient has survived almost 5 years after the initial gastrectomy. Curative-intent gastrectomy with cytoreductive surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer with localized peritoneal metastasis might have had a survival benefit in our patient. Successive salvage surgeries for oligometastatic lesions in the abdominal wall and the LTH also yielded favorable outcomes.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7752023Endoscopic Manifestations and Clinical Characteristics of Localized Gastric Light-Chain Amyloidosis545552ENMasayaIwamuroDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShouichiTanakaDepartment of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Iwakuni Clinical CenterTatsuyaToyokawaDepartment of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Fukuyama Medical CenterMamoruNishimuraDepartment of Internal Medicine, Okayama City HospitalTakaoTsuzukiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalKojiMiyaharaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens HospitalShinNegishiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Kagawa Prefectural Central HospitalShogenOhyaKawaguchi Medical ClinicTakehiroTanakaDepartment of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/65978To determine the endoscopic and clinical features of localized gastric amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, we retrospectively examined the characteristics of nine patients (eight men and one woman) encountered by the hospitals in our network. Lesions were predominantly flat and depressed with surface vascular dilatation (n=5); others were characterized by subepithelial lesions (n=2), mucosal color change (n=1), and a mass-like morphology with swollen mucosal folds (n=1). Colonoscopy (n=7), video capsule enteroscopy (n=2), serum (n=5) and urine immunoelectrophoresis (n=4), and bone marrow examination (n=3) were performed to exclude involvement of organs other than the stomach. As treatment for gastric lesions of AL amyloidosis, one patient each underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (n=1) and argon plasma coagulation (n=1), while the remaining seven patients underwent no specific treatment. During a mean follow-up of 4.2 years, one patient died 3.2 years after diagnosis, but the cause of death, which occurred in another hospital, was unknown. The remaining eight patients were alive at the last visit. In conclusion, although localized gastric AL amyloidosis can show various macroscopic features on esophagogastroduodenoscopy, flat, depressed lesions with vascular dilatation on the surface are predominant.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7752023Clinical Characteristics of Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Japan527536ENMihoAndoDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshihisaHanayamaDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshitoNishimuraDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHideharuHagiyaDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesFumioOtsukaDepartment of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/65975Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare cause of hydronephrosis and progressive renal dysfunction with unidentified origin. RPF is categorized into idiopathic RPF with/without immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4-RD), and secondary RPF. Identifying the underlying cause is challenging and often associated with delayed diagnosis or therapeutic interventions. We investigated RPF’s clinical characteristics based on different etiologies and factors that may help distinguish the underlying causes. We analyzed the cases of 49 patients with RPF that was radiographically diagnosed at our institution (2008-2022). The cohort was 77.6% males; 75.5% had idiopathic RPF and 24.5% had secondary RPF. Among the idiopathic patients, 54.1% had IgG4-RD. The patients were likely to have abdominal pain, lower back pain/lumbago, and constitutional symptoms including generalized fatigue and fever. The idiopathic patients were likely to have higher serum IgG4 and IgG levels and lower serum C3 levels compared to secondary RPF. The IgG4-RPF patients were likely to have higher serum IgG4 levels and lower serum C-reactive protein, ferritin, and C3 levels compared to the idiopathic RPF patients without IgG4-RD. These findings might reflect underlying systemic inflammatory responses. Comprehensive laboratory testing, including serum inflammatory markers and immunological panels, is recommended for radiologically diagnosed RPF patients.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7752023Association between BRCA Gene Variants and the Response to Modified FOLFIRINOX in Patients with Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer517525ENShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKosakuMorimotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalHiroyukiTerasawaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalTatsuhiroYamazakiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalHironariKatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/65974We investigated the effect of modified FOLFIRINOX (mFFX) in unresectable pancreatic cancer by retrospectively analyzing the cases of 43 patients who underwent BRCA testing (germline, n=11; somatic, n=26; both germline and somatic, n=6). The association between BRCA mutations and therapeutic effect was clarified. Six patients tested positive for germline pathogenic variants. Familial pancreatic cancer (33% vs. 3%, p=0.006) and peritoneal disseminated lesions (66% vs. 8%, p<0.001) were significantly more common in patients with germline pathogenic variants. The partial response (PR) rate was 100% in the germline BRCA-positive patients, and 27% in the germline BRCA-negative patients (p<0.001). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was not reached for any germline BRCA-positive patients but was 9.0 months for the germline BRCA-negative patients (p=0.042). Patients with stage IV BRCA-associated pancreatic cancer had better overall survival than those with non-BRCA-associated pancreatic cancer, although the difference was nonsignificant (not reached vs. 655 days, p=0.061). Our results demonstrate that a PR and prolonged PFS can be expected in germline BRCA-positive patients after treatment with mFFX. Our findings also suggest that germline BRCA pathogenic variants may be useful as biomarkers for the therapeutic effect of mFFX in patients with pancreatic cancer.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7752023Associations among Preoperative Malnutrition, Muscle Loss, and Postoperative Walking Ability in Intertrochanteric Fractures: A Retrospective Study511516ENKoheiSatoDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHironoriTsujiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalMasanoriYorimitsuDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University HospitalTakenoriUeharaDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYukiOkazakiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Tsuyama Chuo HospitalShinichiroTakaoDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama Medical CenterToshiakiHataDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShiroFukuokaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomoyukiNodaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, General Medical CenterHideyukiKandaDepartment of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshifumiOzakiDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/65973Sarcopenia and malnutrition are increasing in older adults and are reported risk factors for functional impairment after hip fracture surgery. This study aimed to investigate the associations between skeletal muscle mass loss, malnutrition, and postoperative walking ability in patients with hip fracture. We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent intertrochanteric fracture surgery at our institute. The psoas muscle index, controlling nutritional status score, and functional ambulation category (FAC) were used to evaluate skeletal muscle mass, nutritional status, and walking ability, respectively. Six months after surgery, walking ability was assessed as either “gait disturbance” or “independent gait”. Multivariate binomial logistic regression analysis, with skeletal muscle mass, nutritional status, and other factors, was used to predict the risk of being assigned to the gait disturbance group. This study included 95 patients (mean age, 85.2 years; 70 women). Sixty-six patients had low skeletal muscle mass, 35 suffered from malnutrition, and 28 had both. Malnutrition and low skeletal muscle mass were significantly associated with postoperative gait disturbance (FAC < 3). Preoperative low skeletal muscle mass and malnutrition were risk factors for postoperative poor walking ability. Further preventive interventions focusing on skeletal muscle mass and nutritional status are required.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7752023Relationship between the Hip Abductor Muscles and Abduction Strength in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis461469ENDaisukeHommaDivision of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesIzumiMinatoDivision of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Rinko HospitalNorioImaiDivision of Comprehensive Musculoskeletal Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesDaiMiyasakaDivision of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Bandai HospitalYoshinoriSakaiDivision of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata City General HospitalYojiHorigomeDivision of Comprehensive Musculoskeletal Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesHayatoSuzukiDivision of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesYoichiroDohmaeDivision of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Bandai HospitalNaotoEndoDivision of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Prefectural Tsubame Rosai HospitalOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/65968This study aimed to determine which muscle the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus (Gmin), or tensor fasciae latae (TFL) contributes most to hip abduction strength and to identify effective sites for cross-sectional area (CSA) Gmin and TFL measurement in hip osteoarthritis (OAhip) patients. Twenty-eight patients with OAhip were included. The muscle CSA and volume were determined using magnetic resonance imaging. Peak isometric strength was determined using hand-held dynamometry. Muscle volumes were normalized to the total muscle volume of hip abductors. Multiple regression analysis was performed. The difference between the CSA of Gmin and TFL was calculated, and correlations with volume and muscle strength were determined. Gmin volume was related to abductor muscle strength (p=0.042). The peak CSA of the Gmin correlated with muscle volume and strength. The CSA of the TFL correlated with volume, with no difference between the CSA of the most protruding part of the lesser trochanter and peak CSA. Gmin volume was strongly related to abductor muscle strength. Peak CSA is a useful parameter for assessing the CSA of the Gmin among patients with OAhip. The CSA of the TFL should be measured at the most protruding part of the lesser trochanter.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7752023Does Participation in the Setouchi Triennale Foster Social Capital? : A Cross-Sectional Study443449ENChikaraMiyajiDepartment of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSoshiTakaoDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHiroshiHabuDepartment of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNaomiMatsumotoDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKenAooGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama UniversityYosukeNishitaGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama UniversityMasaoTsuriFaculty of Economics, Musashi UniversityTakashiYorifujiDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/65966This study examined whether participation in an art project was associated with higher social capital (SC). We conducted a questionnaire survey from November 2021 to March 2022 among residents aged 20 years or older of Naoshima, an island in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan. Before the survey, the Setouchi Triennale had been held on Naoshima four times, starting in 2010. We calculated propensity scores for Triennale participation and performed propensity score matching. We then compared cognitive and structural SC by Triennale participation and found significant differences, respectively. We adopted a conditional ordered logistic regression analysis with propensity score matching for cognitive or structural SC, and found adjusted odd ratios of 2.913 (95%CI, 1.846-4.596) for cognitive SC and 4.535 (95%CI, 2.839-7.244) for structural SC. Our findings suggest that Triennale participation enhanced the cognitive aspect of SC while also building structural SC.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.BMJActa Medica Okayama2053-8790912022Association of one-point glucocorticoid-free status with chronic damage and disease duration in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional studye000772ENKen-eiSadaDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYuKatayamaDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYosukeAsanoDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKeigoHayashiDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshiaMiyawakiDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKeijiOhashiDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesEriKatsuyamaDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakayukiKatsuyamaDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMarikoTakano-NarazakiDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshinoriMatsumotoDepartment of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyusukeYoshimiDepartment of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYasuhiroShimojimaDepartment of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of MedicineShigeruOhnoCenter for Rheumatic Diseases, Yokohama City University Medical CenterHiroshiKajiyamaDepartment of Rheumatology and Applied Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical UniversityKunihiroIchinoseDepartment of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesShuzoSatoDepartment of Rheumatology, Fukushima Medical University School of MedicineMichioFujiwaraDepartment of Rheumatology, Yokohama Rosai HospitalNobuyukiYajimaDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of MedicineObjective It is still unclear how glucocorticoids (GCs) affect the long-term clinical course of patients with SLE. The objective of this study is to explore the factors associated with GC-free treatment status.<br>
Methods Using data from the lupus registry of nationwide institutions, GC dose at registration was compared between short, middle and long disease durations of <5, 5–20 and ≥20 years, respectively. After excluding patients who never used GC, we evaluated the relationship between GC-free status and chronic damage using Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Damage Index.<br>
Results GC doses at enrolment of the 1019 patients were as follows: GC-free in 101 (10%); 0<prednisolone (PSL) ≤5 mg/day in 411 (40%); 5<PSL ≤7.5 in 169 (17%); 7.5<PSL ≤10 in 194 (19%) and PSL≥10 in 144 (14%) patients. Of the patients who were not currently using GCs, patients who never used GC more frequently had short disease duration (66% with short, 23% with middle and 17% with long disease duration, p=0.00029). Univariate analysis of patients who underwent GC treatment showed that patients without GCs exhibited older age, lower disease activity, less immunosuppressant and hydroxychloroquine use and higher C3 levels. Among patients with a disease duration of ≥20 years, GC-free status was more frequent in patients without chronic damage (11% vs 4%, p=0.023). After adjusting for age, sex and disease activity, no chronic damage accrual was associated with GC-free status (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.1 to 11.3).<br>
Conclusion Even in the patients with long disease duration, one-point GC-free treatment status might be related to no chronic damage accrual.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.BMCActa Medica Okayama1471-230X2312023The efficacy of non-anesthesiologist-administered propofol sedation with a target-controlled infusion system during double-balloon endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography296ENKazuyaMiyamotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKazuyukiMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalTaisukeObataDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalRyosukeSatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalAkihiroMatsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKosakuMorimotoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalTaijiOgawaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalHiroyukiTerasawaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalYukiFujiiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalTatsuhiroYamazakiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUchidaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalShigeruHoriguchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalKoichiroTsutsumiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalHironariKatoDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalMotoyukiOtsukaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University HospitalBackground The sedation method used during double-balloon endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (DB-ERCP) differs among countries and/or facilities, and there is no established method. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of non-anesthesiologist-administered propofol (NAAP) sedation using a target-controlled infusion (TCI) system during DB-ERCP.<br>
Methods This retrospective study was conducted between May 2017 and December 2020 at an academic center. One hundred and fifty-six consecutive patients who underwent DB-ERCP were sedated by gastroenterologists using diazepam (n = 77) or propofol with a TCI system (n = 79), depending on the period. The primary endpoint was a comparison of poor sedation rates between the two groups. Poor sedation was defined as a condition requiring the use of other sedative agents or discontinuation of the procedure. Secondary endpoints were sedation-related adverse events and risk factors for poor sedation.<br>
Results Poor sedation occurred significantly more often in the diazepam sedation group (diazepam sedation, n = 12 [16%] vs. propofol sedation, n = 1 [1%]; P = 0.001). Vigorous body movements (3 or 4) (diazepam sedation, n = 40 [52%] vs. propofol sedation, n = 28 [35%]; P = 0.038) and hypoxemia (< 85%) (diazepam sedation, n = 7 [9%] vs. propofol sedation, n = 1 [1%]; P = 0.027) occurred significantly more often in the diazepam sedation group. In the multivariate analysis, age < 70 years old (OR, 10.26; 95% CI, 1.57-66.98; P = 0.015), BMI = 25 kg/m2 (OR, 11.96; 95% CI, 1.67-85.69; P = 0.014), and propofol sedation (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01-0.58; P = 0.015) were associated factors for poor sedation.<br>
Conclusions NAAP sedation with the TCI system during DB-ERCP was safer and more effective than diazepam sedation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japanese Society of Animal ReproductionActa Medica Okayama0916-88186842022Evaluation of bovine uterine gland functions in 2D and 3D culture system254261ENYosukeSUGINOLaboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityTaikiSATOLaboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Okayama UniversityYukiYAMAMOTOLaboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityKojiKIMURALaboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityIn ruminants, uterine glands play key roles in the establishment of pregnancy by secreting various factors into the uterine lumen. Although a three-dimensional (3D) culture system has been used for investigating cellular functions in vitro, the detailed functions of uterine gland have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the benefits of 3D culture system to examine the innate functions of bovine uterine glands. Isolated bovine uterine glands were cultured on Matrigel (2D) or in Matrigel (3D), respectively, and the mRNA levels of secreted proteins (SERPINA14, MEP1B, APOA1, ARSA, CTGF, and SPP1) were measured in isolated and cultured uterine glands. The protein expression of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and progesterone receptor (PR) and the establishment of apico-basal polarity were examined. In isolated uterine glands, the mRNA levels of secreted proteins changed during the estrous cycle. Although uterine glands cultured in both 2D and 3D expressed ERβ and PR, progesterone did not affect SERPINA14 mRNA expression. The expression of APOA1 mRNA in 2D cultured uterine glands did not respond to estrogen and progesterone. Additionally, the mRNA levels of secreted proteins in the 3D culture system were significantly higher than those in the 2D culture system, which might be attributed to the different cellular morphology between them. The locations of ZO-1 and β-catenin in 2D cultured uterine glands were disordered compared with 3D cultured uterine glands. These results showed that the hormonal responsiveness of secreted factor expression and cellular morphology were different between 2D and 3D cultured bovine uterine glands.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama0168-17023342023Exploration of the yadokari/yadonushi nature of YkV3 and RnMBV3 in the original host and a model filamentous fungus199155ENYukiyoSatoAgrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversitySakaeHisanoAgrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityNobuhiroSuzukiAgrivirology Laboratory, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityThe yadokari/yadonushi nature is a recently discovered virus lifestyle; “yadokari” refers to the ability of capsidless positive-sense (+) RNA viruses (yadokariviruses) to utilize the capsids of phylogenetically distant double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses possibly as the replication site, while “yadonushi” refers to the ability of dsRNA viruses to provide capsids to yadokariviruses. This virus–virus interaction, however, has been only studied with limited pathosystems. Here, we established a new study model with a capsidless (+)RNA yadokarivirus YkV3 (family Yadokariviridae) and its capsid donor RnMBV3 (family Megabirnaviridae) in the original host fungus Rosellinia necatrix and a model filamentous fungal host Cryphonectria parasitica. YkV3 has a simple genome structure with one open reading frame of 4305 nucleotides encoding a single polyprotein with an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and a 2A-like self-cleavage peptide domain. Reverse genetics of YkV3 in R. necatrix showed that YkV3 tolerates a nucleotide substitution in the extreme 5′-terminus. The insertion of two termination codons immediately downstream of the 2A-like cleavage site abolished YkV3 viability, suggesting the importance of the C-terminal portion of the polyprotein of unknown function. Transfection of RnMBV3 and YkV3 into an RNA silencing-deficient mutant Δdcl2 of C. parasitica showed the replication competency of both viruses. Comparison between the wild-type and Δdcl2 strains of C. parasitica in virus accumulation suggested that RnMBV3 and YkV3 are susceptible to RNA silencing in C. parasitica. Taken together, we have established a platform to further explore the yadokari/yadonushi nature using genetically manipulable host fungal and virus strains.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X7742023Usefulness of Force-Controlled Pelvic Stress Radiograph in the Evaluation and Treatment of Fragility Fractures of the Pelvis in Geriatric Patients: A Pilot Study407414ENKensukeHottaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amagi Chuo HospitalTakaomiKobayashiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Karatsu Red Cross HospitalOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/65751This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of force-controlled pelvic stress radiographs in the evaluation and treatment of fragility fractures of the pelvis (FFP) using a functional treatment strategy. We conducted a retrospective study of 55 geriatric patients with FFP who underwent pelvic stress radiographs on admission. The differences in the sacral width, pelvic ring width, and medial femoral head width between the radiographs with and without the Sam Sling II M size were defined as Δ sacral width, Δ pelvic ring width, and Δ medial femoral head width, respectively. We used Pearson’s correlation test to assess the relationship between the degree of radiographic instability and the Johns Hopkins highest level of mobility scale (JH-HLM) at 10-days postadmission. Conventional receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis was used to identify cases requiring surgery using the best cutoff value for radiographic instability. The JH-HLM was significantly correlated with Δ sacral width (r=−0.401, p=0.017), but not with Δ pelvic ring width (r=−0.298, p=0.080) nor with Δ medial femoral head width (r= −0.261, p=0.128). The best cutoff value of Δ sacral width in identifying surgical cases was 10.7 mm (sensitivity 75.0%, specificity 98.0%). Force-controlled pelvic stress radiographs could be helpful in assessing the need for surgery on admission.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Nature PortfolioActa Medica Okayama2045-23221312023Relationships of rapid eating with visceral and subcutaneous fat mass and plasma adiponectin concentration11491ENHidekiTsumuraGraduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima UniversityMariFukudaDepartment of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakashiHisamatsuDepartment of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesRieSatoDepartment of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane UniversityRinaTsuchieDepartment of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane UniversityHideyukiKandaDepartment of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesRapid eating has been demonstrated to be associated with obesity and overweight. However, few studies have characterized the separate relationships of eating speed with visceral and subcutaneous fat mass or circulating adiponectin concentration. We hypothesized that rapid eating is associated with the larger visceral fat tissue (VFT) area and lower adiponectin concentration, but not with the subcutaneous fat tissue (SFT) area in men and women. We performed a cross-sectional study of 712 adults aged 20–86 years (528 men and 184 women; mean ± SD age 59.36 ± 13.61 years). The participants completed a self-reported questionnaire, and underwent anthropometric and laboratory measurements and computed tomographic imaging of the abdomen as a part of annual medical check-ups. Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that rapid eating was associated with larger visceral (B = 24.74; 95% CI 8.87–40.61, p = 0.002) and subcutaneous fat areas (B = 31.31; 95% CI 12.23–50.38, p = 0.001), lower adiponectin concentration (B = − 2.92; 95% CI − 4.39– − 1.46, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (BMI) (B = 2.13; 95% CI 1.02–3.25, p < 0.001), and larger waist circumference (B = 5.23; 95% CI 2.16–8.30, p < 0.001) in men, which is partially consistent with the hypothesis. In contrast, rapid eating was found to be associated only with BMI, and not with abdominal adipose area or adiponectin concentration in women, which is a result that is not consistent with the hypothesis. These results suggest that there is no difference in the association of rapid eating with VFT and SFT areas.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.