result 599 件
| Author | Nakatsuka, Mikiya| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2007-05-01 |
| Publication Title | 岡山医学会雑誌 |
| Volume | volume119 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| Author | Tokeshi, Satoshi| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2008-03-25 |
| Publication Title | |
| Content Type | Thesis or Dissertation |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/fest/12836 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 13_111_119.pdf |
| Author | Akhtar M.Shahbaz| Oki, Yoko| Adachi, Tadashi| |
| Abstract | To acclimate under orthophosphate (Pi) starved environment, plant species and cultivars display an elegant myriad of Pi-adaptive and rescue responses via reprioritizing internal Pi use and maximizing external Pi acquisition by reprogramming metabolism and restructuring root system architecture.Exploitation of considerable genetic diversity both between and within crop species and harnessing of these genetic variations can lead us to develop smart plants with improved P-acquisition, growth and yield under P-deprivation. To elucidate the effect of P-stress on plant growth, and P-efficiency under Pstarvation, 14 diverse Brassica cultivars were grown hydroponically in a climatically controlled chamber using sufficient (200 and 400 μM) and stress (10 and 20 μM) P-levels using ammonium phosphate (NH4H2PO4) as a P source. Cultivars showed differential growth behaviour in terms of biomass accumulation (shoot and root dry matter partitioning), percent distribution of Pi-concentration ([P]) and P-contents in plant parts (roots and shoots), and P-efficiency ratio (% PER)(relative shoot growth) indicating considerable genetic diversity among the tested Brassica cultivars. PER and the proportional increases in shoot dry matter (SDM) accumulation (SDMmax/SDMmin) in response to the P levels assisted in categorizing the cultivars into efficient and inefficient utilizers of the absorbed P from an ambient environment. Cultivars were classified into efficient responsive (ER), efficient non-responsive (ENR), non-efficient responsive (NER) and non-efficient non-responsive (NENR) by plotting ordination plots between PER and SDMmax/SDMmin under P-stress environment. Differential PER values at stress P levels corresponds to high P levels suggest that P efficiency mechanisms can be different from one cultivar to another within a give plant species and cultivars exhibiting high PER values are better choice to thrive under P-starvation. |
| Keywords | Brassica cultivars biomass and P-distribution P-contents P-efficiency ratio |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告 |
| Published Date | 2008-03 |
| Volume | volume13 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 111 |
| End Page | 119 |
| ISSN | 1341-9099 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002304774 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/OER/12406 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Variations in medical expenses for the elderly and the economic issues |
| FullText URL | 38_4_021_038.pdf |
| Author | Chino, Tetsuro| |
| Abstract | 少子高齢化の進展のみならず，疾病構造の変化，急速な医療技術や医学知識の発展など，医療分野を取り巻く環境条件の大きな変化によって，医療資源の配分は様々な影響を受ける。一般に，市場機構ではなく制度・規制を通じた非市場的な資源配分の仕組みが実施される領域では，環境条件の変化に対する対応が制度・規制の調整（つまり制度改革や規制の変更等）を通じて行われる。この調整が適切に実施されない場合，資源配分上および所得分配上の問題が深刻化することになる。医療分野のように環境条件の大きな変化のもとで，現行の医療制度を通じた資源配分は効率性のみならず，医療支出や負担の格差という所得分配上の問題も発生させることになった（Tokita, et al. （１９９７），知野（２００５）（２００６））。しかし，２００６年６月には制度改革を目的とする医療制度関連法案が成立した。と くに本稿との関係では新たな高齢者医療制度が２００８年に創設されることになる。現在，同法案の目的に沿って具体的な施策が検討・実施されつつある）。 本稿では新たな高齢者医療制度の導入に先だって，現行老人保健制度のもとにおける老人医療の格差問題とその課題について都道府県別の医療費データを中心に明らかにすることが目的である。それは次の３つの具体的な目的に関係する。第一に，本稿が対象とする都道府県レベルの分析について言えば，今後の改革では，都道府県が新たな高齢者医療費制度，医療費適正化政策，保険者機能などという点において重要な役割を担うことから注２），都道府県単位の研究成果が一層の重要性を有するようになるということである。第二に，今までの我々の一連の研究（知野（１９９８）（２００３）（２００５），Tokita, Chino, and Kitaki（１９９９），知野・杉野（２００４））に関連したことであるが，本稿では介護保険制度が導入された２０００年以降のデータを追加することによって，高齢者医療費の変動と格差に関する特徴と課題をあらためて検討するという目的がある。最後に，近年では医薬分業の進展が著しく，これを考慮したとき，高齢者の入院外診療に係る費用の都道府県レベルにおける変動と格差がどのような特徴と問題を有しているのかを検討することである。 論文の構成は次の通りである。１節では老人保健制度下における老人医療の負担の仕組みを説明した後，「老人医療費」の内容およびその費用の時系列的な推移を検討する。２節では「老人医療費」のうち診療費に限定して，高齢者の入院診療費と入院外診療費を取り扱う。それらの診療費について 都道府県レベルの変動と格差に関するデータの時系列分析を行ってその特徴と問題を明らかにする。３節では医薬分業の進展について検討し，高齢者の院外処方の薬剤費が都道府県レベルでどのような変動と格差が存在するのかを吟味する。４節では医薬分業を考慮して高齢者の入院外診療費に，その 院外薬剤費を加えた費用を検討する。この合計費用が都道府県レベルでどのような変動と格差が存在するのかを吟味する。 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学経済学会雑誌 |
| Published Date | 2007-03 |
| Volume | volume38 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Start Page | 21 |
| End Page | 38 |
| ISSN | 03863069 |
| language | Japanese |
| Copyright Holders | 岡山大学経済学会 |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002304915 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/11893 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Daily VMA (vanillyl mandelic acid) variation in urine in relation of fatigue sensation, stress and life stile of nurses on night shift. |
| FullText URL | 004_105_110.pdf |
| Author | Inoshita, Hikari| Ouchi, Takeshi| Ninomiya, Tsuneo| |
| Abstract | Daily VMA variation in urine in relation of fatigue sensation, stress and life stile of nurses on night shift. To evaluate exhaustion objectively in hospital nurses, daily variation of urinaly VMA (vanillyl mandelic acid) excretion was measured in hospital nurses working in daytime and nighttime and it's correlation with the data from Psychological Stress Response Scale (PSRS) test, the burn-out scale, quality and quantity of sleep and daily life stile recorded throughout 24 hours were studied. VMA level in urine showed circadian rhythmic movement, higher in daytime and lower in nighttime. During night shift, VMA in urine in nighttime showed slightly higher level than during day shift but in the subsequent daytime after night shift, VMA level was stillkeeping normal circadian rhythm, resuling flatness of daily fluctuation of VMA level. Dissatisfaction of sleep during daily fluctation of VMA level. Dissatisfaction of sleep during daytime was noticed. Correlation between VMA level in urine and sense of tiredness, stresses or burn-out scale were not carfied in this study because of shortage of samples but working conditions might affect biologicalresponse of exhaustion. |
| Keywords | VMAの変動 三交替性疲労感 ストレス 生活時間 |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学医療技術短期大学部紀要 |
| Published Date | 1994-01-31 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Start Page | 105 |
| End Page | 110 |
| ISSN | 0917-4494 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313516 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/11783 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | The Neurophysiological Implications of an Atypical Slow Negative Potential in Short Interval CNV Paradigm |
| FullText URL | 001_091_097.pdf |
| Author | Okamoto, Motoi| Temino, Masato| Nakagawa, Naohisa| Mori, Hirokazu| |
| Abstract | We recorded a slow negative potential from Cz (10/20 method) in 49 healthy students (12 male, 37 female, mean age 19.1) by a short interstumulus interval CNV paradigm. The interstimulus interval was 2 or 3 seconds, the warning stimulus presented at random or regular interval at 0.2 Hz. An atypical negative variation with two separated negative peaks was recorded in 26.0-30.6% trials regardless of interstimulus interval or modality of warning stimulus presentation, while a typical CNV was recorded in 32.0-59.2% of trials. No apparent negative variation was recorded in 14.3-18.4% in 2 seconds interstimulus interval, and 28-38% in 3 seconds interstimulus interval, showing that 2 seconds interval is better to get stable CNV recording than 3 seconds interval. The first negative wave of the atypical negative variation was 692-799msec in duration, but frequently prolonged to 1000msec or more in 3 seconds interval. It usually had negative peak around 900-1100msec, but sometimes around 1500msec. This features are different from any reported negative components of CNV. The second negative wave began 800-1200msec before second stimulus, and had its peak just before second stimulus, showing common features with readiness potential. The appearance of CNV was unsatble in the students in which the atypical negative variation was recorded in regular, 2 seconds intersitimulus interval, and the amplitude of slow vertex response and pattern reversal visual evoked potential was lower in thses students than in the students in which a typical CNV was recorded more than 3 times in total 4 times of trials. These findings indicate that the atypical variation observed in this study is due to a lowered arousal level or cortical neuronal activity, rather than a separated appearance of different components of CNV. |
| Keywords | contingent negative variation atypical slow negative potential arousal level slow vertex response visual evoked potential |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学医療技術短期大学部紀要 |
| Published Date | 1991-03-25 |
| Volume | volume1 |
| Start Page | 91 |
| End Page | 97 |
| ISSN | 0917-4494 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313945 |
| Author | Aye Aye, Lwin| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2007-03-23 |
| Publication Title | |
| Content Type | Thesis or Dissertation |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/11759 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | 長期ホルマリン固定により失活したProliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) の免疫反応性回復条件の基礎的検討 ―マイクロウェーブ、オートクレーブの影響について― |
| FullText URL | 007_1_009_015.pdf |
| Author | Sakiyama, Junko| Ichimura, Mitsuko| Tohge, Hiroko| Endo, Hiroshi| Kawakami, Kaori| Kawatani, Yuki| |
| Abstract | Using paraffin-embedded tissue sections of liver cancer obtained from autopsy which had been preserved in 10% buffered formalin solution for 6 months while PCNA immunoreactivity was lost, we examined the effects of heat processing by either microwave(MW) and autoclave(AC) in the presence of various processing solution. It appeared that AC processing took shorter time period than MW irradiation to restore equal immunoreactivity. With regard to immunoreactivity retrieval by MW irradiation,however, variation of the degree of retrieval depending on processing time was smaller than in AC, and so the stable consequences were obtained. Although AC processed tissues tended to be stained deep, prolonged processing time presented strong background staining and blurred nuclear margins which made it difficult to estimate the positive cell count. As for the effects of processing solution, there was little difference in retrieval of PCNA among 0.01 M citrate buffer (pH 6.0), saturated solution of lead thiocyanate and distilled water, but the least background staining was observed with distilled water. These observations suggest that MW irradiation of which effect of retrieval is less dependent of processing time and with the least background stainability, is superior to AC processing for PCNA immunoreactivity retrieval on formalin-fixed tissues. |
| Keywords | PCNA microwave (マイクロウェーブ) autoclave (オートクレーブ) immunohistological staining (免疫組織染色) formalin fixation (ホルマリン固定) |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学医療技術短期大学部紀要 |
| Published Date | 1996-09-30 |
| Volume | volume7 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 9 |
| End Page | 15 |
| ISSN | 0917-4494 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313519 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/11716 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Variations of parameters of bioelectrical impedance during upper limb movement |
| FullText URL | 010_1_015_022.pdf |
| Author | Nakamura, Takao| Yamamoto, Yoshitake| |
| Abstract | これまでに生体電気インピーダンスを用いて身体運動の解析を行ってきた。インピーダンスの変動原因は測定部位の等価断面積変化および貯血量変化と説明できるが，直接的に断面積変化や貯血量変化を測定することは困難であるため，その変動原因の定量的な検討は不十分であった。そこで，本研究では上肢運動に伴う生体電気インピーダンスの変動原因を生体の等価回路のパラメータの変動で説明する。インピーダンスのモデルはCole－Cole型であり，等価回路は，細胞外液抵抗Re，細胞内液抵抗Ri，分散の特性周波fm fm，緩和時間の分布の程度を表すα，βの独立した5パラメータで表現した。 上肢の肘関節および手関節の屈曲運動野に伴う前腕部および上腕部の電気インピーダンスを測定した。まず，電気インピーダンスの等価直列抵抗Rの変動率をパラメータの変動率で線形近似し，その信頼性と各パラメータ変動のRへの影響を確認した。Rへの影響はReとRiが支配的であるが，測定部位や運動の違いにより，それぞれの影響が異なることを示した。これは測定部位の筋活動状態の違いを表すものである。さらに，肘関節最大屈曲におけるRの変化にはfmの変化が大きく依存しており，上肢運動のインピーダンス変化には細胞膜の分極特性の変化も影響していることを明らかにした。本研究の結果は，運動強度の違いや疲労状態における身体運動評価に有意義である。 |
| Keywords | 生体電気インピーダンス (bioelectrical impedance) 等価回路 (equivalent circuit) Cole-Cole円弧 (Cole-Cole circular loci) 上肢運動 (upper limb movement) 4電極法 (four electrode method) |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学医学部保健学科紀要 |
| Published Date | 1999-12-20 |
| Volume | volume10 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 15 |
| End Page | 22 |
| ISSN | 1345-0948 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002314002 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/11709 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | 歯科インプラント動揺測定装置の開発 |
| FullText URL | 011_1_025_034.pdf |
| Author | Oka, Hisao| Ono, Koichi| Wijaya Sastra Kusuma| Saratani, Keiji| Kawazoe, Takayoshi| |
| Abstract | Evaluation of dental implantation is very important because it gives useful information for both planning the dental treatment and evaluating of prognosis. This study aimed at improving our previously developed Tooth Mobility (TM) tester and developing a dental implant movement (IM) checker. The measuring probe included a bimorph transducer of two piezoelectric elements. It was actuated by single frequency and detected tooth acceleration. The acceleration signal was processed and the IM score was calculated in PC. Two artificial implant models in which IMZ implant was buried with different elasticity of surrounding (molteno(@)) were used to examine the performance of the IM checker. The IM scores obtained in the models were 29 and 58. The measurement time was below 15 seconds. The average of measurement variation of one operator was below 6% and the average variation among five operators was below also 6%. The IM checker reduced a measurement variation by 51% and a measuring time by 61% compared with those of the TM tester in natural teeth. The newly developed IM checker had sufficient measuring reliability and we could objectively estimate the implant movement in dental clinics. |
| Keywords | tooth mobility (歯の動揺) mechanical mobility (機械モビリティ) dental implant (インプラント) manual examination (触診) |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学医学部保健学科紀要 |
| Published Date | 2000-11-16 |
| Volume | volume11 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 25 |
| End Page | 34 |
| ISSN | 1345-0948 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313864 |
| Author | Fukatsu, Hirotoshi| |
|---|---|
| Published Date | 2007-03-23 |
| Publication Title | |
| Content Type | Thesis or Dissertation |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/fest/11507 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Survey on Spatial Variability of Surface Soil Moisture and Soil Physical Properties in a Sloping Grassland Field |
| FullText URL | 008_081_085.pdf |
| Author | Moroizumi, Toshitsugu| |
| Abstract | Spatial variability of surface soil moisture, bulk density, satureted hydraulic conductivity, and penetration resistance (cone index) in a sloping grassland field were surveyed. The typical results were as follows: (1) The surface soil moisture and the bulk density were normally distributed at a significant level of 0.05. (2) The surface soil moistures were higher at low area than in high and slope area. The coefficients of variation were larger at slope area. (3) The coefficients of variation for bulk density were larger at slope area than in low area. (4) The distribution of saturated hydraulic conductivity can be considered to be log-normally distributed. (5) The cone index showed the normal distribution. |
| Keywords | Spatial variability Surface soil moisture Bulk density Saturated hydraulic conductivity Cone index |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告 |
| Published Date | 2003-03 |
| Volume | volume8 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 81 |
| End Page | 85 |
| ISSN | 1341-9099 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313346 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/fest/11459 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | CO(2) Fluxes Measured by Eddy Correlation and Aerodynamic Techniques |
| FullText URL | 009_069_073.pdf |
| Author | Inohara, Sachiko| Iwata, Toru| Ohtaki, Eiji| |
| Abstract | To elucidate the seasonal and inter-annual variation of CO(2) exchanges between the atmosphere and cultivated field in Japan, the CO(2) flux has been measured by the eddy correlation technique at the experimental farm of Agricultural Faculty, Okayama University since December in 1998. The CO(2) sensor, however, does not work under rainy conditions. The improved aerodynamic technique was developed and used to cover CO(2) flux data which were not collected. This technique gives reasonable CO(2) fluxes even in rainy days. The reliability of the technique was also confirmed by comparing CO(2) fluxes with those measured by the eddy correlation technique using data in fine weather conditions. |
| Keywords | CO(2) flux Eddy correlation technique Aerodynamic techniques Dimensionless profile |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告 |
| Published Date | 2004-02-27 |
| Volume | volume9 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 69 |
| End Page | 73 |
| ISSN | 1341-9099 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313999 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/fest/11446 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 012_091_098.pdf |
| Author | Akhtar M. Shahbaz| Oki, Yoko| Adachi, Tadashi| Khan Md. H. R.| |
| Abstract | The potential of a crop favorably respond to breeding/selection and bioengineering programs depends upon the nature and magnitude of genetic variability. For effective selection, information on nature and magnitude of variation in population, association of character with dry matter yield and among themselves and the extent of environmental influence on the expression of these characters are necessary. The estimates of genetic parameters help in understanding the role of various plant traits in establishing the growth behavior of cultivars under a given set of environmental conditions. Genetic analysis leads us to a clear understanding of different morphological, physiological and genetic characters and also the type and extent of their contribution to dry matter yield. Six Brassica cultivars were grown in a P-deficient sandy loam soil for 49 days after sowing. Significant variations were observed for all the characters in all the cultivars used in the experiment. All the characters showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance. Heritability (h(2)) is an approximate measure of the expression of a character. The highest estimates of broad sense heritability (h(2)= 0.90) and relative expected genetic advance (85.72%) were noted for root dry matter (RDM), while the estimate of expected genetic advance at 10% selection intensity was quite high (ΔG = 85.30c㎡) for leaf area per plant. The estimates of coheritability were positive and relatively higher for rootshoot ratio (RSR) in combination with shoot dry matter (SDM) (coh(2) = 2.002) and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) (coh(2) = 1.875), whereas coheritability estimates were negative between leaf area per plant and RSR (coh(2) = -0.2010) indicating lack of association between these traits. High heritability with high genetic advance was exhibited by all the studied plant traits of cultivars evidencing that the traits could be further improved through individual plant selection. The innate variations within the Brassica gene-pool impel to drive a concentrated effort to understand the basis of adaptability. Access to the relevant genetic traits and information will provide necessary tools to select the optimal combinations of alleles adapted to local and changing growing environments especially nutrient stress conditions such as phosphorus (P) starvation. |
| Keywords | Brassica Coheritability Genetic advance Genetic variability P-starvation Selection intensity |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学環境理工学部研究報告 |
| Published Date | 2007-03-15 |
| Volume | volume12 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 91 |
| End Page | 98 |
| ISSN | 1341-9099 |
| language | English |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313657 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/11386 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Climate in spring in Germany and musical expression on "spring" in the classic and the romantic songs -A trial of joint activity of music with meteorology- |
| FullText URL | 005_043_056.pdf |
| Author | Kato, Haruko| Kato, Kuranoshin| |
| Abstract | どの音楽作品にも、その背景には当該の地域の自然や文化が存在する。学校教育において、音楽の生成や表現を考え作品を総合的に理解するために、その歌が歌われた地域の気候や風土、生活習慣等の理解が必要である。それによってはじめて、その地域の人々の気持ちに近づくことができるのであり、そのような気持ちで歌を歌ったり聞いたりすることができる。そのためには教科間の連携が必要と考える。そこで本稿ではドイツの春を取り上げ、気候位置づけと古典派、ロマン派の歌曲に見られる春の表現について検討した。ドイツの5月には、太陽高度や日射量が急に増加し、冬から夏への昇温の最終段階近くに対応する。そのような春、5月をテーマとした歌曲では春に関する様々な音楽表現がみられる。その結果から、音楽表現と気候の関係を視点として音楽科と理科との連携について述べた。 |
| Keywords | 春 (spring season) 気候と音楽 (climate and music) 歌曲表現 (musical expression of German songs) 気候系の季節特性 (seasonal variation of climate system) 教科をこえた学習 (joint activity of music and meteorology) |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学教育実践総合センター紀要 |
| Published Date | 2005 |
| Volume | volume5 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 43 |
| End Page | 56 |
| ISSN | 1346-3705 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313648 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/11382 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Comparative Study of Biodiversity (Biological Diversity) at the Lower Secondary Education in USA, Austria and Japan. |
| FullText URL | 005_023_032.pdf |
| Author | Tamaki, Ai| Tanaka, Kenji| |
| Abstract | 学習指導要領と教科書を手がかりに、アメリカ、オーストリア、日本の前期中等教育段階において、「生物の多様性」がどのように扱われているかを比較検討した。示されている生物については、総数はオーストリアが最も多いものの、種類の偏りは3国とも類似していた。また、想定されている学習の内容・方法は、3国とも「遺伝子・種・生態系の多様性」に関する内容があるものの、扱いに大きな偏りがあった。「生物の多様性」の扱われ方が大きく変化していく可能性を秘めている。 |
| Keywords | 生物の多様性 (Biodiversity) 前期中等 (Lower Secondary Education) アメリカ (USA) オーストリア (Austria) 日本 (Japan) |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学教育実践総合センター紀要 |
| Published Date | 2005 |
| Volume | volume5 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 23 |
| End Page | 32 |
| ISSN | 1346-3705 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120002313507 |
| Title Alternative | Measurements of Response of Barley and Wheat to Enviromental Factors with an Open System Porometer |
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| FullText URL | 005_001_011_021.pdf |
| Author | Maitani, Toshihiko| Kashiwagi, Yoshiaki| |
| Abstract | The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration were measured in barley and wheat under various environmental conditions, with an open system porometer. The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration in the horizontal leaf and vertical leaf had different diurnal variations. The rate of photosynthesis in the vertical leaf was highest in the morning and in the afternoon, while that in the horizontal leaf was highest before noon. The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration and chlorophyll contents were measured for two species(c.v SARI and Akanmugi) of barley grown in submerged soil conditions. At the end of April, chlorophyll contents had decreased and the maintenance respiration acquired in spite of continuous transpiration. The rapid change of photosynthetically active radiation did not affect the rates of photosynthesis or stomatal conductance of SARI grown in submerged soil. The rates of photosynthesis and transpiration and chlorophyll contents were measured for two species(c.v. Hongmangmai and Haruhikari) of wheat grown under different soil water conditions. Chlorophyll content tended to increase in dry soil conditions. Hongmangmai had a higher chlorophyll content than Haruhikari, even at the beginning of May. Hongmangmai had large photosynthetic rate and small transpiration rates under dry soil conditions. These confirm that Hongmangmai has a prominent drought stress tolerance. The open system porometer and the chlorophyll meter may be very useful for comparing physiological characteristics of the plant's response to environmental factors and clarifying differences between plant species. |
| Keywords | Barley Hongmangmai Photosynthesis rate Chlorophyll content Submerged soil Dry soil |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1997 |
| Volume | volume5 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 11 |
| End Page | 21 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | Varietal Variation and Mechanism of Hull-cracked Grains in Two-rowed Barley |
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| FullText URL | 004_001_089_096.pdf |
| Author | Kanatani, Ryoichi| Takeda, Kazuyoshi| |
| Abstract | Hull-cracked grain which causes low germinability and low malt extract has been observed in malting barley varieties mainly in the western part of Japan. In the first part of this study, more than 600 two-rowed barley varieties were examined for the percentage of hull-cracked grains. A markedly skewed frequency distribution pattern was observed for varietal variation of hull-cracked grain percentage. More than 80% of the varieties developed less than 5% hull-cracked grains, while a few of the varieties frequently developed the hull-cracked grains. The maximum hull-cracked grain percentage was as high as 61% in Yoshikei 16. Improved varieties developed hull-cracked grains more frequently than the local varieties, indicating varietal improvement indirectly caused the hull-cracked grains. In the second part, nine two-rowed varieties were grown in eight different conditions to analyze the mechanism of hull-cracking. Variances due to varieties, environment and their interaction were all statistically significant. Some of the varieties developed almost no hull-cracked grains throughout the environmental conditions examined, while others sharply responded to the environmental conditions. The environmental correlation coefficient between 1,000-kernel weight and hull-cracked grains was as high as 0.918, indicating that hull-cracked grains had developed under favorable ripening conditions. |
| Keywords | Barley Varietal varietal Hull-crached grain Ripening |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1996 |
| Volume | volume4 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 89 |
| End Page | 96 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | QTL Mapping for Water Sensitivity in Barley Seeds |
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| FullText URL | 006_001_021_028.pdf |
| Author | Iwasa, Tomohiko| Takahashi, Hidekazu| Takeda, Kazuyoshi| |
| Abstract | Sensitivity to water condition during germination is an important character in malting barley because it affects malt poduction. Water sensitivity in malting barley is defined as the defference in germination percentage between the seeds in standard and excess-water conditions. Usually standard and excess-water condition means 4 and 8 ml water in a 90 mm perti dish, respectively. Takeda and Fukuyama (1983) examined more than 4,000 barley accessions and found 0～100% water sensitivity. This means complete to no suppression of germination by an excess-water condition. In this study, quantiative trait loci (QTL) analysis was applied to analize the inheritance of water sensitivity. Two sets of doubled haploid (DH) populations derived from Steptoe×Morex (S/M) and Harrington×TR306 (H/T) crosses,were grown in the experiment field of the Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University. Bulbosum method was adapted to develop DH lines (Chen and Hayes 1989). Water sensitivities of 150 (S/M) and (H/T) lines and their parents were evaluated using 50 seeds each and the germination test (25℃, 4 days) was repeated four times. Water sensitivity showed a large variation (Fig.1) and the heritability of the trait was 0.78 and 0.72 in S/M and H/T, respectively, indicating that about three-quarters of the phenotypic variance was genetic in origin. Three (S/M) and one (H/T) significant QTL were detected and 23% (S/M) and 25% (H/T) of the phenotypic variance was explained by the QTL. These QTL were located on chromosomes 2H,3H,6H and 7H (Table 1, Fig. 2). QTL relating to germination traits were lacated near the QTL controlling water sensitivity (Fig. 3). Interaction among the QTL was small (Table 2). Marker-assisted selection was effective (Table 3). |
| Keywords | barley water sensitivity QTL analysis |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1999 |
| Volume | volume6 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 21 |
| End Page | 28 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | QTL Analysis for Expressivity of Hull-cracked Grain in Two-rowde Spring Barley |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 005_002_183_191.pdf |
| Author | Kanatani, Ryouichi| Takahashi, Hidekazu| Takeda, Kazuyoshi| |
| Abstract | The exposure of the caryopsis through lemma and palea is called 'hull-cracked grain', which lowers the germinability and grade of malting barley. To breed new varieties with a low occurence of hull-cracked grains,quantitative trait loci(QTL) analysis was conducted using 146 doubled haploid lincs derived from Harrington × TR306.Interval mapping analysis revealed three significant QTLs on chromosomes 3H,5H and 7H. About 37% of the variation of the expressvity of hull-cracked grains was explained by these three QTLs in a spikelet-thinning condition where 1/4 of the spikelets were thinned at the flowering time. On the contraty the QTL on 5H was silent in normal or non-treated condition and 23% of the variation was determined by the QTLs on 3H and 7H. Some of the QTLs detected here had a pleiotropic effect on the grain size. |
| Keywords | Barley Quality Hull-cracked grain QTL analysis |
| Publication Title | 岡山大学資源生物科学研究所報告 |
| Published Date | 1998 |
| Volume | volume5 |
| Issue | issue2 |
| Start Page | 183 |
| End Page | 191 |
| ISSN | 0916-930X |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
