Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama0971-5894|0974-04302026Suppression of salt-enhanced apoplastic flow by salicylic acid in riceENMd. Asadulla AlGalibGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityMaoxiangZhaoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityToshiyukiNakamuraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYoshimasaNakamuraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYoshihikoHiraiGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYoshitakaNakashimaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityShintaroMunemasaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityIzumi C.MoriInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityYoshiyukiMurataGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversitySalinity enhances apoplastic flow, resulting in an increment of Na+ uptake and a lower K+/Na+ ratio. Salicylic acid (SA) plays an important role in improving salinity tolerance in plants. The effect of exogenous SA on apoplastic flow in salt-treated rice seedlings was studied using an apoplastic tracer, 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulphonic acid (PTS) in light. Application of NaCl at 25 mM to the hydroponic solution significantly increased PTS uptake, while 25 mM NaCl did not affect seedling growth. Application of 25 mM NaNO3 increased PTS uptake to the same degree. Salinity significantly increased sodium (Na+) content but had no significant effect on potassium (K+) content, resulting in a lower K+/Na+ ratio. The application of SA at 0.05 mM and 0.1 mM to the hydroponic solution reduced Na-enhanced PTS uptake. Salicylic acid at 0.05 mM and 0.1 mM significantly reduced Na+ content and slightly increased K+ content in the shoots of rice seedlings, resulting in a higher K+/Na+ ratio. However, SA at up to 0.1 mM did not increase SA contents in shoots under salt stress. These results suggest that exogenous SA reduces Na+ uptake by suppressing Na+-enhanced apoplastic flow in rice seedlings. These findings provide insight into modulation of Na+ transport pathways from roots to shoots by SA and may allow us to utilize brackish water for rice cultivation and to improve salt-tolerant rice through suppression of salt-enhanced apoplastic flow by chemicals such as salicylic acid.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)Acta Medica Okayama2169-3536142026A Self-Adaptive Framework for Deploying Machine Learning Systems Without Ground-Truth Data at Runtime3030930326ENKentoFurukawaGraduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka UniversityHiroyukiNakagawaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTatsuhiroTsuchiyaGraduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka UniversityIn recent years, the practical application of machine learning technology has rapidly progressed, accelerating its adoption across various fields. In this context, studies into the effective operation of machine learning systems in real-world environments have become essential. In actual operational settings, the distribution of input data often changes over time, leading to a significant decline in the predictive performance of models. Additionally, the lack of ground-truth data for test data during operation can sometimes make adaptation through retraining difficult. This study proposes a framework that autonomously adapts to changes in input data distribution, even in environments where ground-truth data for test data is unavailable during operation. This framework analyzes the distribution of input data and selects the appropriate predictive model based on the state of the distribution. To ensure optimal model selection, the framework employs two complementary approaches: 1) dynamically switching between multiple pre-trained models with different feature sets according to environmental changes and 2) building ensemble models based on the distribution of the test data. These approaches enable the framework to autonomously adapt to shifts in data distribution, even in operational settings where ground-truth data is unavailable. Evaluation experiments using both simulated and real-world data assessed the predictive performance of the proposed method through metrics such as R2, RMSE, and MAE. Compared to conventional single model predictions, the proposed method consistently demonstrated higher accuracy. These results indicate that the proposed approach effectively adapts to data distribution shifts in operational environments where ground-truth data is unavailable.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学法学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-3050753-42026PFOS・PFOA 等の残留性有機汚染物質による水質汚染に関する一考察 ― 取引上の義務の視点から―438410ENH.TsujiNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学法学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-3050753-42026日本独自の違憲審査基準論の可能性586496ENT.ItoNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターの活動状況の概要ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026スクールカウンセラーは発達支持的生徒指導へいかに貢献できるか ―プランニングシートの活用を通した支援の拡充に向けた検討―253266ENNoriyukiHARARyoMISAWATazukoAOKI10.18926/CTED/70373 2022年に改訂された「生徒指導提要」では，すべての児童生徒の成長を支援する発達支持的生徒指導の重要性が明確に示されている。しかし，その定着には，教員の多忙化や組織的支援体制の不十分さなど，学校現場における多くの課題が指摘されている。さらに，スクールカウンセラー（SC）による支援も十分に展開されているとは言い難い。そこで本稿では，発達支持的生徒指導におけるSCの支援の拡充可能性を検討するため，現状と課題を整理した。また，プランニングシートを活用した実践事例（原他, 2024）の再分析を通して，SCと学校が教育目標を共有しながら協働的に支援を計画する枠組みの有用性を吟味した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026特別支援教育への哲学的思考導入についての予備的考察 持続・生成変化・回折の考え方に基づく方法的枠組みの試案237251ENYoHAMADAOkayama Prefectural Okayama Seto Special Needs SchoolMiyukiTAKANOHyogo University of Teacher EducationSatoruSATOFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/CTED/70372 本稿は，現代の特別支援教育の課題から，特別支援教育実践に哲学的思考を導入するための理論的・方法的検討を行うものである。まず，理論基盤として，ベルクソンの「記憶理論」，ドゥルーズ＆ガタリの「生成変化の哲学」，Baradの「回折的方法論」，Blomの「回折的エスノグラフィー」について概説した。そして，理論基盤を基に方法的枠組みとして，「物質－言説的実践」，「持続」，「生成変化」の三つの視点を教育実践を読み解くための相互補完的な分析視点として採用することを提案した。これらの視点は，ポスト質的研究として，出来事を関係的・過程的に捉えることを可能にするものである。今後の課題として，三つのレンズ間の理論的整理，回折的方法論と回折的エスノグラフィーの差異化，および複数の実践エピソードを接続して描くための分析手法の精緻化が挙げられた。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026大学院共通科目『リーダーシップとSDGs』の教育モデル構築と成果分析 理論学習・ピアレビュー・省察活動によるリーダーシップ教育の新展開221235ENMamoruISHIDAFaculty of General Education and Global Studies, Okayama UniversityShinichiOTSUNEGraduate student, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTakuyaNAKAZAWAGraduate student, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University10.18926/CTED/70371 岡山大学大学院では、博士課程人材のリーダーシップ育成に向け、共通科目『リーダーシップとSDGs』を設計・実践している。本科目はSDGsに貢献するリーダー育成に主眼を置き、理論学習・ピアレビュー・省察・グループディスカッション等の手法を組み合わせ、学生同士の学び合い・自己成長の促進を目的としている。本稿では、学部・研究科ごとに学習成果を分析し、理論に基づく省察的学びと協働的な批評活動がリーダーシップ理解や成長に有用であることを明らかにした。本研究は、学術的理論と実践的活動を織り交ぜたモデル構築と、その継続的改善の意義を示している。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026知的障害高等特別支援学校における SWPBS 第１層支援 ―キャンペーン方式の導入とその効果―205219ENHideakiTOKIMITSUGraduate School of Education (Professional Degree Course), Okayama UniversityYoshioMIYAZAKIFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityMadokaKOYAMAKurashiki Kotoura Special Needs Seni or High School, Okayama Prefecture10.18926/CTED/70370 本研究は，軽度知的障害のある後期中等教育段階の公立知的障害高等特別支援学校において，SWPBS 第1層支援としてキャンペーン方式の支援を実施し，その効果検証を行った。方法としては，Ｘ学年生徒24名に対して挨拶行動の促進を狙ったキャンペーンを実施し，目標行動の生起数についてABフォローアップデザインを用いて検討した。また，Ｘ学年教員6名に対し，社会的妥当性を評価するアンケートを実施した。その結果，キャンペーンの介入直後に目標行動の生起数および目標行動に従事した生徒の割合の増加が見られ，キャンペーン終了後もベースラインと比較した増加が一定期間確認された。また，一定程度の社会的妥当性も確認できた。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026町づくりを考える実践事例の検討 ―総合的な学習の時間を通じた中学生の意識変化に着目して―191203ENAkemiKAMADAAnan City Anan First Junior High SchoolKazuakiKAJIIFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/CTED/70369 本研究は，中学校総合的な学習の時間における町づくりにおいて，他者との協働や相互作用を通じて町づくりを構想し，実践の結果生じた学習者の変化からその効果を明らかにすることを目的としている。また，対話的な学びで重視される他者との相互作用を，中学校の実践に落とし込み，そのあり方についても検討する。本実践のねらいは，多様な視点から町の将来の姿やあり方を人との関わりについて読み解き，持続可能な町のあり方について自分事に引き寄せて考えることで，町に対する意識の変化を促すことにある。実践の結果，学習者の町に対する見方や考え方の意識変化が引き起こされ，町づくりの持つ地域課題について自分事に引き寄せて思考することができた。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026立憲主義に対する認識の改善を目指した高等学校公民科の授業開発研究 ―米国公民教育センター開発『我ら合衆国人民』を手がかりにして―167180ENToshinoriKUWABARAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityAyuhaMIYAMOTOGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University10.18926/CTED/70367 本研究は、憲法理解の基本としての立憲主義に対する認識形成を目標とする、高等学校公民科で実践可能な授業の開発を目指したものである。従来の日本の社会科教育においては、憲法理解は日本国憲法の基本原則である国民主権、基本的人権の尊重、平和主義の理解を基本としていたが、近年、そもそも憲法とは何かを理解させるために、立憲主義の概念が注目されるようになり、教科書にも記述されている。本研究は、そのような立憲主義という概念について生徒に適切に理解させることを目指した授業の提案をしようとするものである。授業計画作成にあたっては、米国の公民教育センターが開発し、長年活用されている『我ら合衆国人民（原題 We the People）』を参照し、その一部を活用し、米国の歴史的背景に基づいて作られた教材を、日本の文脈にそって改変した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026初任保育教諭の語りに見る園児の在園時間の違いによる実践上の課題139152ENKazuyaHASUIFaculty of Health and Welfare， Kawasaki University of Medical WelfareMikaKATAYAMAFaculty of Education, Graduate School of Science, Okayama University10.18926/CTED/70365 本論では，幼保連携型認定こども園の特徴である園児の在園時間の違いに焦点を当て，初任保育教諭への面接調査により実践上の課題と対応について検討した。その結果，保育教諭が８つの課題を認識していることが明らかになった。また，『幼保連携型認定こども園教育・保育要領』に記述されている「遊びの連続性を保障する保育の展開」に関する課題に加えて，記述されていない「多様な在園時間や生活形態を考慮した園児理解」に関する新たな課題が見出された。認定区分による在園時間の違いは園生活における時間的スケジュールや場所，集団の違いを余儀なくされる。そのため，保育教諭が設定するねらいに基づいた園生活で何を共通経験とすべき内容として設定し，何を経験差として活かし，どのような保育を実践するか明確にすべく，これまで認定こども園で積み重ねられてきた好実践例を集積・整理し，指標を明示することが今後の課題である。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026吹奏楽活動の地域展開における市民吹奏楽団の関わりに関する研究 ―市民吹奏楽団は地域展開の担い手になり得るか―123137ENKunihikoMAKINOCenter for Teacher Education and Development、Okayama University10.18926/CTED/70364 吹奏楽活動の地域展開（以下、地域展開）において、指導者や活動場所の不足は喫緊の課題である。本研究は、地域展開が進む中で、市民吹奏楽団が地域の子ども達の吹奏楽活動を支える担い手となり得るかを調査・検討した。岡山県内の市民吹奏楽団20 団体への聞き取り調査とテキストマイニング分析の結果、地域展開への意識には差がみられ、積極的な団体では子ども達の演奏指導や合同での活動を肯定的に捉える傾向が確認された。一方で、指導技術や時間的制約、責任負担への不安が障壁となっている可能性が示唆された。また、市民吹奏楽団が抱える活動場所や財政的な課題に対して公立学校施設の活用がその解決に寄与し得る可能性が示唆された。一方で、公立学校の施設開放については、実際の制度運用において自治体間の格差が存在することが明らかとなった。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026地域社会とグローバルをつなぐ和楽器音楽次世代育成の実践研究（３） 小中学生の質問紙調査に見る「異文化間能力」育成の可能性91105ENRinkoHAYAKAWAOkayama UniversityYukoBEPPUKurashiki City CollegeMihoYAMAJIPart-time Lecturer at Okayama UniversityYokoHANAKUSAResearch Student at the Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education Hyogo University of Teacher EducationNorikoTAKESHITABiwako-Gakuin UniversityHiromiTAKASUOkayama UniversityKeikoMIYOSHIResearch Student at the Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education Hyogo University of Teacher EducationNaokoSHIMIZUDoctoral Student at the Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education Hyogo University of Teacher EducationChihiroTOSAYamaha CorporationAiNAKAMURA Doctoral Student at the Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education Hyogo University of Teacher EducationAkiHIGUCHIOkayama Prefectural School for the Deaf10.18926/CTED/70362 本研究は，「おかやま国際和楽器学生フェスティバル」の実践における，異文化間能力育成の可能性について，参加した小中学生の質問紙調査結果から検討した。<br>
その結果，１）体験を通して形成された新たな認識により，和楽器音楽文化と自己との関係性を再認識・再構築し，和楽器音楽文化への積極的な関与を示す価値づけ・意味づけが行われ，内在化が促されたこと，２）越境文化としての和楽器音楽文化に対して，開放的・尊重的態度を示していたが，自己の文化的アイデンティティを意識する契機となったこと，３）和楽器音楽の共有を通して生じた共感の上に，相互理解や協働関係が構築されていたこと，４）「文化の共有の可能性についての認識」が形成されるなど，フェスティバルでの経験が，文化観の形成に影響を与える契機となっていたこと，が明らかになった。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026ドイツ付近の夏の気候とシューベルトの歌曲《春に》 異質な他者との出会いを促す大学での学際的授業の報告7589ENKuranoshinKATOFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityIsaoNAGAOKAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityHarukoKATOFaculty of Education, Gufu Shotoku Gakuen University (Former affiliation)10.18926/CTED/70361 「異質な他者」への出会いを促す授業例の更なる蓄積のため，ドイツ付近の「夏」の気候と季節感に注目した教科横断的な授業を大学で実践した。授業では，ドイツ付近の気候と季節サイクルの中での「夏」の特徴を把握すると共に，シューベルトの歌曲《春に》を鑑賞した。《春に》の3 番の「夏の間じゅう，ずっと」という歌詞で歌われている情景や情感が，ドイツ付近と日本付近を想定した場合にどう違い得るか，に関する受講生の記述を分析した。その結果，日本の夏の高温多湿な環境からは原詩の情感そのものが成立し難いと感じた学生もいるなど，本実践は，自分たちの「当たり前」とは異なる気候や季節感にも目を向ける機会になり得たといえる。一方，日本とはかなり違う気候背景の中でシューベルトが思い描いたであろう情景・心情に授業で深く迫るための，音楽表現自体への踏み込み方についても，今後検討する必要性が示唆された。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026中学生を対象としたサッカー試合中の身体活動量に関する研究 ～ポジションと身体・体力特性に着目して～6173ENTakaakiNATSUMEDAGraduate School of Education, Okayama UniversityMinoruADACHIOkayama University Graduate School of Education10.18926/CTED/70360 中学生34人を対象とし，身体・体力特性とサッカー試合中の身体活動量について，ポジションに着目して比較・検討した．その結果，身体・体力特性についてはポジション間に有意な差は認められなかった．歩数ではポジション間で有意差が認められ，ライトサイドバックが少なく，センターミッドフィルダーが高かった．強度別身体活動量時間の割合ではポジション間で有意差が認められ，ライトサイドバックが低く，センターミッドフィルダーが高かった．以上のことから，本研究の対象中学生ではポジション間で身体・体力特性には有意差が認められないが，サッカー試合中の身体活動量ではポジション間で差が生じることが示唆された．No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026説明的文章の指導における「内省」を促す批判的読み ―高等学校１年生を対象として―1529ENYumiSAISHOGraduate School of Education (Professional Degree Corse), Okayama UniversityMasafumiIKEDAFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/CTED/70357 批判的読みは，現代では欠かせない能力であり，学習指導要領にも明記されている。近年，批判的読みの指導に関する研究がなされているものの，内容的な価値の検討や社会的な文脈のなかで捉えることが希薄だとする指摘や，「反省性」という観点に着目した批判的読みを求める声もある。そこで，本稿では，文章そのものを批判的に読むだけでなく，自身の持っている考えをも批判的に捉える（内省する）ことを促す授業を開発した。その手立てとして，複数の社会認識が存在する二つの教材の読み比べたうえで，対立する立場からの意見交換を行うことや，教材に対する評価の記述，その記述（自己の読み）を学習者自身が評価するといった活動を取り入れた。学習者の記述の分析からは，意識的な内省に至らなかった学習者も見受けられたものの，約６割の学習者の記述には変容が見られ，用いた手立ては効果があったと推測できることを指摘した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026外国人幼児の就学支援における保育士の工夫と実践的課題113ENYiwenCHENThe Joint Graduate School (Ph.D. Program) in Science of School Education, Hyogo University of Teacher, Hyogo University of Teacher EducationKazukiYANAGISAWAGraduate School of Education, Okayama University XinyuRENGraduate School of Education, Okayama UniversityMunehisaYOSHITOSHIFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/CTED/70356 本研究は，外国人幼児が就学期に直面する困難に対応するため，保育士が行っている具体的な保育実践における支援の工夫と課題を明らかにすることを目的とした。外国人幼児の支援経験を有する保育士2 名に半構造化インタビューを行い，SCAT を用いた質的分析により，幼児および保護者への支援内容を整理した。その結果，言語面では視覚的支援ややさしい日本語を活用し，文化面では家庭文化と日本の園文化の調整が行われていた。発達支援においては，非認知的スキルの育成や医療機関との連携の必要性が指摘された。保護者支援では，参加型の関わりや丁寧な説明が実践されていたが，制度情報の提供や行政との連携には課題が残された。これらの結果を踏まえ，今後は保育士の個別的努力に依存しないためにも，多文化背景をもつ家庭への支援を制度的に支える地域連携体制の整備や，情報提供の標準化，日本語教育資源との接続を図る実践的仕組みの構築が求められる。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センターActa Medica Okayama2186-1323162026岡山大学教育推進機構 教師教育開発センター紀要 第16号 全文（一括ダウンロード用）ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.一般社団法人粉体粉末冶金協会Acta Medica Okayama0532-87997332026熱間静水圧加圧法を用いたイットリア安定化ジルコニア緻密層の低温形成5559ENKyoheiMANABEOsaka Gas Co. Ltd.MitsuakiECHIGOOsaka Gas Co. Ltd.AkiraKISHIMOTOInstitute of Academic and Research, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityThe sintering conditions using hot isostatic press (HIP) of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) were investigated to obtain a dense YSZ layer at low sintering temperature such as 1000°C for an electrolyte of metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell. It was found that a dense YSZ pellet with relative density of 93% could be obtained under a sintering condition of 1000°C-10 hours with HIP in 195 MPa. On the other hand, in X-ray diffraction analysis of the dense YSZ pellet, peaks of the monoclinic phase were slightly detected in addition to peaks of the cubic phase. From energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, a small amount of boron was detected in the dense YSZ pellet. It is considered that the YSZ crystalline phase transformation of cubic to monoclinic phase was occurred by the boron diffusion from the diffusion barrier coating of metal foil capsule used for the HIP.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学農学部附属山陽圏フィールド科学センターActa Medica Okayama0910-8742462024資料 : 2023年度7578ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学農学部附属山陽圏フィールド科学センターActa Medica Okayama0910-8742462024運営 : 2023年度1373ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学農学部附属山陽圏フィールド科学センターActa Medica Okayama0910-8742462024試験研究 : 2023年度79ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学農学部附属山陽圏フィールド科学センターActa Medica Okayama0910-8742462024序iiENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Oxford University Press (OUP)Acta Medica Okayama1467-54632712026SGCRNA: spectral clustering-guided co-expression network analysis without scale-free constraints for multi-omic databbag021ENTatsunoriOsoneDepartment of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomokaTakaoDepartment of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShigeoOtakeDepartment of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakeshiTakaradaDepartment of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesWeighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) is among the most widely employed methods in bioinformatics. WGCNA enables the identification of gene clusters (modules) exhibiting correlated expression patterns, the association of these modules with traits, and the exploration of candidate biomarker genes by focusing on hub genes within the modules. WGCNA has been successfully applied in diverse biological contexts. However, conventional algorithms manifest three principal limitations: the assumption of scale-free topology, the requirement for parameter tuning, and the neglect of regression line slopes. These limitations are addressed by SGCRNA. SGCRNA provides Julia functions for the analysis of co-expression networks derived from various types of biological data, such as gene expression data. The Julia packages and their source code are freely available at https://github.com/C37H41N2O6/SGCRNAs.jl.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama2436-322762026投稿規程・奥付ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama2436-3227620262025 年度次世代医療機器開発人材育成プログラム BIZEN デバイスデザインコースの取り組み5968ENTsuneakiTSUZUKICenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalDaisukeUCHIDACenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalToshioKISHIMOTOOrganization for Research and Innovation Strategy, Okayama UniversityYoshinariSENGOKUCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalToshioKORENAGAOrganization for Research and Innovation Strategy, Okayama UniversityYuHITOBECenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalYasuyukiYOSHIBAAcademic Field of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityJunSAKURAICenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital10.18926/interdisciplinary/70331No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama2436-3227620262025 年度における「先進病院実習」の取り組み4957ENMizukiMORITAFaculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityMasakiMAGARIFaculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityJinWangFaculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityToyohikoWATANABEFaculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityMasatakaOITAFaculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityNahokoHARADAFaculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityKeisukeSHISHIDOFaculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University10.18926/interdisciplinary/70330No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama2436-322762026わが国のアドバンス・ケア・プランニングにおける地域住民への動機づけと評価についてのナラティブ・レビュー3947ENTakakoHASUIJapanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of NursingNaokoNAKAYAMAKanagawa University of Human Services10.18926/interdisciplinary/70329No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama2436-322762026Shared Decision Making における患者参加の諸相と課題の考察1725ENMihoYOSHIDAGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems Okayama University10.18926/interdisciplinary/70327This paper traces the historical development of decision-making models in healthcare while exploring the meaning and practical significance of “patient participation” within the shared decision-making (SDM) framework. SDM is a recommended approach to clinical decision-making that emphasizes mutual information sharing and deliberation between physicians and patients. Traditional models often assume that patients can clearly articulate their values, preferences, and treatment goals. However, in actual clinical settings, particularly in cases of serious illness or life-threatening situations, patients frequently face emotional distress and psychological burdens, which can hinder their active participation in decision-making and the expression of their preferences. Based on SDM theory and practice reports, this study argues that SDM should not be viewed merely as a process that promotes patient choice. Even when patients choose not to actively participate and ultimately delegate decisions to healthcare providers or family members, such a choice can represent autonomous decision-making if it arises through meaningful communication and mutual understanding. This perspective calls for a more comprehensive and flexible interpretation of patient participation in SDM practice.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama2436-322762026介護技術論試論―高齢者介護を事例として―716ENYasuyukiYOSHIBAFaculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University10.18926/interdisciplinary/70326In the first part of this paper, it was confirmed that the term “kaigo” (nursing care) was coined and its meaning defined during discussions on enacting social welfare legislation accompanying societal aging, as the care aspect was being “differentiated” from the “family’s health and welfare functions.” The paper also examined how the term “kaigo gijutsu”(nursing care technique) has been defined and used. In the latter part, based on the author’s own definition of “kaigo gijutsu”(nursing care technology), an attempt was made to analyze examples of technology utilization in nursing care settings, focusing on papers published in specialized welfare and nursing care technology journals. Through this preliminary study, it was shown that the author’s definition of “nursing care technology” clearly distinguishes between the means for care activities—such as welfare equipment—and the care recipients and caregivers who make use of them, and that this definition is useful for grasping the essence of challenges in nursing care settings.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2045-23221612026Tribolium castaneum with longer duration of tonic immobility have more variations corresponding to the human Parkinson’s disease genomic region8840ENKeisukeTanakaNODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of AgricultureKenSasakiGraduate School of Agriculture, Tamagawa UniversityShunsukeYajimaNODAI Genome Research Center, Tokyo University of AgricultureTakahisaMiyatakeFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityParkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and is also a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by dopamine deficiency. We established strains artificially selected for longer and shorter durations of tonic immobility, an antipredator behavior that has received much attention recently, in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, a model insect species for molecular analyses different from Drosophila melanogaster. Previous studies have shown that the long strains (L-strain) have significantly lower levels of dopamine expression in the brain than the short strains (S-strain) and that they have an abnormal pattern of locomotor activity. Furthermore, previous studies have shown that administering dopamine to L-strain beetles reduces the duration of tonic immobility. Transcriptome analysis of brain and thorax of the L- and S-strains also showed differences in mRNA expression of genes involved in dopamine synthesis and tyrosine metabolism. These results indicate that the phenotype and molecular basis of the L-strain are similar to those of Parkinson’s syndrome symptoms. In order to establish a link between T. castaneum and PD, we compared the DNA sequences of the L- and S-strains to human genes affecting dopaminergic pathways. The DNA comparison revealed many mutated regions in these genes in the L-strain. We discuss the relationship between dopaminergic pathway genes and PD-like phenotypes across humans, Drosophila, and the red flour beetle.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Asian Agricultural and Biological Engineering AssociationActa Medica Okayama1881-83661912026Biosensing method of growth diagnosis in the forced culture of strawberries ―Development of crop-identification algorithms―4250ENShogoTSUBOTAInstitute of Agricultural Machinery, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationKazuhikoNAMBAFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityShotaKASEIInstitute of Agricultural Machinery, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationTokihiroFUKATSUInstitute of Agricultural Machinery, National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationAn image-processing algorithm for identifying individual crops is developed for labor-savings and time-series biological information collection. Information including the leaf development frequency are diagnostic indicators of strawberry growth. The algorithm is designed for drones in greenhouses that cannot acquire location information using the global navigation satellite system (GNSS). Drones fly over crop rows and sequentially assign identification numbers (IDs) to crops. Object-detection artificial intelligence (AI) is used to estimate the crop zone, and the ID is based on the crops number difference between frames. The previous misdetection rate was 1.06 %, failing to identify crops, which decreases to 0.31 % using the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, because there are no failures in consecutive frames, IDs are assigned to all crops correctly.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama2211-7156182025Development of FTase inhibitors inspired by the structures of andrastins102828ENFuminoKitamuraGraduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ToyamaMasaruTaniokaGraduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ToyamaAyanoKosakaGraduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ToyamaNaoMatsuzawaGraduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ToyamaTakayukiObitaGraduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ToyamaYukoSakajiriTomokazuShibataDepartment of Complex Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya UniversityRyusukeSawadaDepartment of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakeshiYokoyamaGraduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ToyamaAkiKohyamaGraduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ToyamaTsuyoshiYamadaGraduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ToyamaYoshihiroYamanishiDepartment of Complex Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya UniversityMineyukiMizuguchiGraduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ToyamaYujiMatsuyaGraduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of ToyamaWe designed and synthesized structurally simple farnesyl transferase (FTase) inhibitors (1a–1d) by leveraging andrastin, a natural product with FTase inhibitory activity. 1a–1d possess a cyclopentane-1,3-dione core, which is critical for FTase recognition; a farnesyl moiety, which is a simplified motif of A to C rings of andrastin; and a carboxylic acid or methoxycarbonyl group, which enables multipoint hydrogen bonding interactions with FTase. Competitive inhibition experiments revealed that 1d has the most potent FTase inhibitory activity. Docking simulation analysis of 1a–1d with FTase suggested that the multipoint hydrogen bonding interactions between the cyclopentane-1,3-dione moiety and the carboxyl group play an important role in FTase recognition.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学理学部地球科学科Acta Medica Okayama1340-741432120262018年7月5日〜7日の西日本豪雨における広域降水特性3344ENKuranoshinKATOFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityKengoMATSUMOTOOkayama Gakugeikan High SchoolKazuoOTANITV Setouchi Broadcasting Co., LTD.10.18926/ESR/70297 Large-scale rainfall characteristics at the heavy rainfall event around the western Japan for 5–7 July 2018 were analyzed with use of the 10-mimute precipitation data at the surface meteorological observation stations of the Japan Meteorological Agency, and so on. In this case, the area with 3 days total precipitation of near or more than 300 mm was distributed widely from northern Kyushu to Shiga and Fukui Prefectures. As in the many heavy rainfall events around Kyushu District in the mature stage of the Baiu season, contribution of the intense rainfall with more than 4 mm/10-minute (24 mm/h) attained about one third of the areal mean total precipitation. However, it is noted that the "not so intense rain" with less than 2 mm/10-minute (12 mm/h) also contributed to about one third of the huge total precipitation in the wide area. In short, this case could be characterized by the mixture of the western Japan type heavy rainfall event and the eastern Japan type one.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学理学部地球科学科Acta Medica Okayama1340-7414321202610分間降水量から大雨の特徴の多様性を捉える大学での授業の試み（防災気象リテラシー育成へ向けて）2131ENKuranoshinKATOFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/ESR/70296 In the disaster prevention education on the heavy rainfall around Japan, it is also important to promote the meteorological literacy on the seasonal and regional differences of their rainfall characteristics such as the convective rain or stratiform rain, together with their total amount of precipitation and their occurrence frequency. As the first step toward the above purpose, the present study made a lesson practice for the university students by utilizing the 10-minute precipitation data for the four heavy rainfall events, in which the types of the heavy rainfall (although all the cases examined in the lesson are relating to the deep convective clouds) are rather different from each other, such as the differences of the rainfall intensity at the peak time, short-period variation of the rainfall intensity and the persistency of the rainfall including the "not so intense rainfall". The reports by the students seem to perceive the different features among these events briefly, but the students' attention to how long the intense rainfall with short-period variation or "not so intense rainfall" lasted was not so sufficient.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学理学部地球科学科Acta Medica Okayama1340-74143212026寒風古窯跡群須恵器の岩石学的研究919ENTaijiANAMIDepartment of Earth Sciences, Okayama UniversityToshioNOZAKADepartment of Earth Sciences, Okayama UniversityOsamuKIMURADepartment of Archaeology, Osaka University10.18926/ESR/70295 The Sabukaze kiln site, a representative ancient tunnel-kiln site in the Kibi region, worked during the Asuka period (from early 7th century to early 8th century) to produce Sue ware including jars, cups, coffins, and ornamental tiles. To determine the provenance of the materials used for the Sue ware, we carried out petrological analyses of 13 Sue sherds, including optical microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron-probe analysis. In spite of the difference of production time, all the Sue sherds show close similarities in modal proportion of mineral inclusions with dominant quartz and feldspar, and minor volcanic glass, in chemical compositions of feldspar and interstitial matrix, and in whole-sherd chemical composition. These similarities suggest that the paste materials of the Sabukaze Sue ware were commonly derived from weathered rhyolitic rocks and obtained from the same or neighboring mining site(s) located near the kiln site.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学理学部地球科学科Acta Medica Okayama1340-74143212026岡山平野児島湾岸部での微動アレイ探査17ENNobuyukiYAMADAFaculty of Science and Technology, Kochi UniversityHiroshiTAKENAKADepartment of Earth Sciences, Okayama University10.18926/ESR/70294 This report describes microtremor array observations conducted at two sites for deep exploration and three sites for shallow exploration around Kojima Bay area in the southern Okayama Plain. Based on these records, the ground velocity structures were estimated. The results yielded solutions indicating the depth of the top of the seismic base layer (equivalent to 3 km/s layer) ranges from 140 to 300 m, while the depth of the top of the engineering basement layer (equivalent to 0.6 km/s layer) is approximately about 13–14 m. The shallow exploration results also suggested the possible presence of an inversion layer. These estimated velocity structure models provided a reasonable explanation for the observed phase velocities.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671612026環境支出は企業リスクを軽減するのか？日本企業の実証分析155174ENYUSRANAZIR10.18926/70283 This study examines how environmental conservation costs (ECC) affects firm risk, using changes in leverage ratios and earnings volatility as stand-ins for risk. This study evaluates the direct impact of ECC and its relationship to profitability (ROA) using panel data of Japanese companies from 2010 to 2022 and Pooled OLS regression models. The results demonstrate the risk-mitigating function of sustainability investments by showing that, although independent ECC have little direct significance, their interaction with firm profitability dramatically lowers earnings volatility and leverage instability. These findings underscore the economic value of environmental strategies, suggesting that incorporating profitability considerations into sustainability practices enhances operational stability and reduces risk exposure. To help policymakers, investors, and corporate managers strike a balance between sustainability and financial performance, this study contributes to the growing body of research on the relationship between the environment and finance.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671612026性役割と両面価値的性差別主義における就業動機との関連101120ENSuzuhaHAPPOKyokoSUMIOKA10.18926/70280No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671612026写真技術のイノベーションが創出する経済価値8599ENSatoruMIYAZAKI10.18926/70279No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671612026コロナ禍で現地留学中断体験をした日本人学生における心理的変容 ― TEM 図を用いた体験のとらえ直し過程の分析 ―4763ENKoyuriSAKOTomokoTANAKA10.18926/70277No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671612026南オーストラリア州（アデレード）のリプロダクティブ・ヘルス＆ライツをめぐる現状と課題3146ENKeisukeSAITOSetsukoSUGANO10.18926/70276No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671612026多文化共修のためのグループワークから学生は何を感じたのか？ ― GIS ソフトを使用した地域研究授業からの一考察 ―120ENTakaoINAMORI10.18926/70274No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671612026表紙ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学考古学研究室Acta Medica Okayama2026岡山市向場・黒住丘陵の遺跡測量調査概要報告EN10.18926/70272No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465732026AI 共生時代における消費者行動の再理論化―AIBCBM フレームワーク―4191ENSawutShazadigulFaculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University10.18926/OER/70263 本研究は，AIが意思決定の前段階から介入する環境において，企業・消費者・AIの三者相互作用を体系的に説明する理論枠組みとして，Artificial Intelligence-Based Consumer Behavior Model（AIBCBM）を構築し，提示することを目的とする。まず，既存の消費者行動モデルが，アルゴリズム露出，再帰的学習ループ，AI媒介型社会的影響（Algorithmic Social Influence）といった現代的現象を十分に扱えないという決定的な理論的限界を明らかにする。そのうえで，AI共生時代における消費者行動を，「企業－AI－消費者」の三者循環構造として捉えるAIBCBMを提示する。<br>
モデル構築に際しては，複雑な現実を過度に単純化するのではなく，三者共進化構造モデル（図２），行動生成の動態を示す行動プロセスモデル（表３），概念構造モデル（図３），行動類型モデル（図４）に分離することで，理論的明瞭性と分析可能性を確保した。本研究の理論的貢献は，①System １を行動生成メカニズムとして再定義した点，②意思決定主体と権力構造を再定義した点，③消費者行動における非線形・高速フィードバックループを理論化した点，④非消費やJOMOを，幸福と主体性に根ざした戦略的行動として理論的に再定義した点，⑤消費者行動を「意思決定モデル」から「行動生成モデル」へ理論的に転換した点に集約される。さらに，本研究が提示する，アルゴリズムによる効用の向上と自律性の毀損が併存しうるという二面性は，AI時代におけるマーケティング戦略および政策設計に対して，規範的かつ理論的な新たな評価軸を提供する。AIBCBMは，これらの視座を統合する理論的プラットフォームとして，今後の実証研究に向けた基盤として機能する。とりわけ， AIBCBMは，JOMOや非消費行動を，アルゴリズム環境からの受動的撤退ではなく，AIによって構築された選択環境との距離を意図的に調整し，人間らしさ（人間としての主体性やウェルビーイング）を保持するための戦略的行動として位置づける点に独自性を有する。さらに本モデルは，AI設計（企業側）・アルゴリズム動態（AI側）・主体性とウェルビーイング（Well-being）（消費者側）を同一枠組みで接続することで，AI共生時代の実証研究と規範設計を架橋する理論的座標軸を確立する。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465732026地域間での情報交流に関するネットワーク分析：高梁川流域圏での調査による1140ENRyoheiNakamuraNatsumiYokota10.18926/OER/70262 本稿では，岡山県の「高梁川流域連携中枢都市圏」で2014年から開催されている「高梁川流域経済成長戦略会議」における参加主体間の情報交流についてのネットワーク分析を行った。高梁川流域連携中枢都市圏（高梁川流域圏）とは，岡山県高梁川周辺に位置する現在の新見市，高梁市，総社市，早島町，倉敷市，矢掛町，井原市，浅口市，里庄町，笠岡市の10自治体が参加している連携中枢都市圏である。高梁川流域圏におけるネットワーク分析に際しては，同圏域内で展開されている事業を８つに分類し，それぞれの事業に関する参加主体間の情報交流についてアンケート調査を行った。ネットワーク指標については事業ごとに次数中心性と媒介中心性の中心性指標を，また事業別に密度，推移性，相互性を算出した。事業別にみると，観光事業についての情報交流が最も密なネットワーク構造をしており，ネットワークの視点では観光事業が高梁川流域圏内で最も勢力的に行われている事業といえる。また全事業において特定の行政主体や商工会議所をはじめとする地域経済団体等の中心性指標が全体的に大きな値をとっており，ネットワークにおいて情報交流のハブや情報の集中・分散主体として機能していることが明らかになった。分析結果を踏まえ，ネットワークの視点から高梁川流域圏の今度の地域振興について２点提言した。１つは事業によって情報交流のハブや情報の集中・分散主体を主体間で分担することによって，すべての事業で密なネットワークを築くことを目指すことである。もう１つは高梁川流域圏の情報交流ネットワークに全く参加していない主体をなくすことで，全体的に密なネットワークを目指すことである。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-414657320261998年の外国為替及び外国貿易管理法改正と 外国通貨の譲渡による損益の所得区分 ―1998年の法改正は所得区分にどのような影響を与えたのか―110ENYoshiyukiNakagawa10.18926/OER/70261 1998年の外国為替及び外国貿易管理法の改正（以降，外国為替及び外国貿易法に改名）により，それまで外国為替公認銀行に原則として限られていた外国為替取引が，あらゆる企業及び個人に解放され，自由に行うことができるようになった。<br>
本稿は，まず課税当局の「外国通貨の譲渡による損益は雑所得に該当する」との見解の判断根拠を，国会における政府参考人答弁及び東京地裁令和５年３月９日判決から読み解き，そのうえで，1998年の法改正により外国通貨取引が対外及び国内において何人も自由に行うことができるようになったことから，外国通貨は支払手段として言わば価値の尺度として機能するようになり，資産の値上がり，値下がりを観念することができなくなった結果として，その譲渡による所得区分が譲渡所得から雑所得へと変化したとの結論を導くものである。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1478-811X2412026MMP-3 cleavage of Lamin A induces pro-migratory nuclear deformity, nucleophagy, and their autophagic secretion with extracellular vesicles in metastatic cancer146ENTakanoriEguchiDepartment of Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityEman A.TahaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams UniversityKeisukeNakanoDepartment of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityVikasTiwariCouncil of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicological ResearchKatsukiTakebeDepartment of Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTomohiroInoueDepartment of Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityLiziXingDepartment of Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityChiharuSogawaDepartment of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Hiroshima Institute of TechnologyKuniakiOkamotoDepartment of Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityStuart K.CalderwoodDivision of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent proteinases that cleave a plethora of substrates, including components of the extracellular matrix and cell-surface-associated proteins, as well as intracellular targets. MMPs have also been found in extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes. MMP-3 promotes tumor growth, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, genome instability, migration, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells, and nuclear MMP-3 controls gene transcription. Intranuclear proteolysis by MMPs may significantly alter cancer progression. However, the nuclear substrates of MMP-3 have not been well investigated. In this study, we performed proteomic analyses to identify the nuclear substrates and EV proteins regulated by MMP-3. While rabidly metastatic colon cancer (LuM1) three-dimensionally cultured tumoroids secreted EVs containing 30 protein types, including Lamin A (LMNA), MMP-3, fibronectin (FN1), HSPA8 (Hsc70), β-actin (ACTB), and vimentin (VIM), CRISPR/Cas9-based knockout of MMP-3 reduced the secretion of these proteins in EVs. Notably, EV-bound cleaved Lamin secretion was confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy. Also, MMP-3 formed proteolytic dimers via its hemopexin-like repeat domains in nuclei. Many nuclear MMP-3-binding proteins, including Lamin A/C, histones, topoisomerases, and hnRNPs, were screened by co-immunoprecipitation followed by proteomics. Proteolytic MMP-3 overexpression generated a C-terminal 30-kDa fragment of Lamin A, whose cleavage site was defined via structural analysis. MMP-3 digestion of Lamin A induced nuclear deformity (atypia) required for cell migration in confined space. The cleaved Lamin A and MMP-3 were transported with autophagosomes (LC3B+), nucleophagosomes, and amphisomes (CD63 + LC3B+) and co-secreted with EVs. Proteolytic MMP-3 also induced nuclear speckles of Lamin A, suggesting their roles in transcription and splicing. Clinical analysis revealed that high expressions of MMP3 and LMNA were significantly seen in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) than in the other 16 cancer types, and predicted poor prognosis of patients suffering from HNSC, pancreatic, rectum and lung adenocarcinomas at specific stages. Immunohistochemistry revealed that nuclear MMP-3 and cleaved Lamin were significantly higher expressed in stage IV metastatic HNSC cases than in stage I non-metastatic cases. Taken together, MMP3-cleavage of Lamin A induces nuclear deformity, nucleophagy, and their autophagic co-secretion with EVs in metastatic cancer. Also, high expression of MMP-3 and secretion of Lamin A can predict poor prognosis in multiple cancer types at specific stages.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama0145-305X1652025Local immune response induced by intra-fin antigen injection in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) is a useful model for immunological studies105344ENTsukasaRyuGraduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, Kyushu UniversityMizukiYoshinoGraduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Laboratory of Marine Biology, Kyushu UniversityWilliam Ka FaiTseGraduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Kyushu UniversitySatoshiAnsaiUshimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama UniversityTaisenIguchiGraduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City UniversityAnuKumarCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, CSIRO EnvironmentTomonoriSomamotoGraduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, Kyushu UniversityMikiNakaoGraduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, Kyushu UniversityYukikoOginoCenter for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu UniversityTeleost fishes play a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of immune system evolution because they retain the ancient characteristics of vertebrate immunity, encompassing both innate and adaptive immune systems. Among these, innate immunity plays a critical role in fish as the first line of defense, coordinating rapid responses to pathogen infections. However, the lack of fish-specific immunological methodologies has limited progress in elucidating fish immune mechanisms. To better understand how the innate immune response develops and resolves in fish, detailed observation and integrative analysis of leukocytes at multiple time points is necessary. In the present study, an intra-fin injection method for observing local immune responses in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) was tested and optimized to analyze the progression of zymosan-induced innate immune responses. Zymosan-injected medaka showed a rapid immune response characterized by leukocyte recruitment and phagocytosis. Using TG(FmpxP:mCherry) transgenic medaka with mCherry fluorescence driven by myeloperoxidase (mpx) promoter, granulocyte chemotaxis towards the site of zymosan entry was successfully visualized. The rapid increase in tumor necrosis factor α (tnfa), interleukin-1β (il1b), interleukin-6 (il6), and CXC motif chemokine ligand 8 (cxcl8) expressions in zymosan-injected anal fins provided a molecular basis for the visualized tissue-specific cellular response. Our study underscores the dynamic orchestration of immune components during the innate immune response in Japanese medaka and highlights their potential as a promising model for immunological research.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学文学部Acta Medica Okayama0285-4864782025文学部教員研究活動一覧（2024年度）6377ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学文学部Acta Medica Okayama0285-4864782025広島市方言におけるアクセントの継承と変容（1）─ 1 拍・2 拍・3 拍名詞のアクセントの世代的動態 ─3950ENYasueNAKATO10.18926/okadai-bun-kiyou/70219No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学文学部Acta Medica Okayama0285-4864782025戦後80周年の英国の対日戦勝記念日（VJ デイ）の催しおよびドイツ・ベルリンの企画展1328ENTomoyoNAKAO10.18926/okadai-bun-kiyou/70217No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学文学部Acta Medica Okayama0285-4864782025非大都市圏小規模自治体の持続的発展と地域的対応の特徴111ENHirofumiKITAGAWA10.18926/okadai-bun-kiyou/70216No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026概念型カリキュラムに基づく平和教育単元の開発と実践 ― 声をきく，つくる，とどける ―197213ENYuichiMIYAMOTOFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityYudaiMakabeTeacher at an International SchoolShunSATOEduca & Quest Inc.TomochikaOSHIROGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima UniversityMikaMATSUYAMAKyodo Public Relations Co., Ltd.10.18926/bgeou/70208 本稿は,生徒たちが自己や社会にひかれた境界線への理解を深め(境界線の「上に立つ」),境界線を「別様に引き直す」可能性を追究するというコンセプトで作られたカリキュラム開発プロジェクトのうち，平和教育カリキュラムの開発と実践の成果をまとめたものである。他者存在との共生と協調に関わる概念を，「声」というメタファーに集約させて6つ選定した。生徒たちが,世界に引かれた境界線をどのように理解し,どのように自らの生活の中の境界線を捉えなおそうとしたかについて分析した。カリキュラム構成上の意義と課題に関して，学習した概念の生活認識への転用の困難が明らかとなり,カリキュラムの中に概念の省察と吟味を重点的に行う活動を入れることの重要性が明らかとなった。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026高校特別支援教育コーディネーターにおける小児がん患児支援に関する教育施策への理解と役割意識177185ENYiwenCHENThe Joint Graduate School (Ph.D. Program) in Science of School Education Hyogo University of Teacher EducationMunehisaYOSHITOSHIFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70206 本研究の目的は，小児がんを経験した高校生に対する特別支援教育コーディネーターの支援意識を明らかにすることである。自治体の研修講座に参加した59名を対象に質問紙調査を実施し，23名から回答を得た。量的データは単純集計，自由記述は質的記述的分析により分析した。結果として，小児がん患児に関連する新たな教育施策，特に同時双方向型授業に関する認知度が低く，制度が十分に周知されていない実態が明らかになった。医療関係者との連携については，高い役割意識が示された一方で，病院訪問はあまり重視されていなかった。また，学級通信や教材準備などは必ずしも特別支援教育コーディネーターの役割とは認識されていなかった。自由記述からは，ICT を活用した支援への積極的な姿勢が示されたものの，中学校との連携における情報共有や業務負担に関する課題がみられた。今後，連携に関するガイドラインの整備や情報共有の強化が求められることを指摘した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026デジタルメディア・デジタルデバイスの自律的な使用に向けて（１） ― 自己制御能力とインターネット依存傾向に関する研究の概観から ―169175ENMotokoMIYAKEFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70205 デジタルメディア・デジタルデバイスの使用において，使用開始年齢の低年齢化・長時間利用の実態が指摘され，低年齢の子どもについても依存等の問題が注目されつつある。本報告では，子ども自身に，デジタルメディア・デジタルデバイスと適切に付き合う力を育てることの必要性を重視する立場から，インターネット依存傾向の抑制要因の１つに挙げられる自己制御能力に着目し，両者の関連についての本邦における研究を概観する。そして，子どもの自己制御の発達過程，自己制御の発達における促進要因・抑制要因を整理した上で，インターネット依存の予防のために子どもの自己制御の発達の観点から得られる示唆について検討した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026「創造性が社会と出会う美術教育」による教員の学びに関する基礎研究Ⅱ ― 市井の他者との対話がもたらす教員の意味変容に関する考察 ―157167ENAiMATSUURAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityYusukeSENOOOkayama Prefectural Tamashima High SchoolHitoshiKIMURAShiga University Faculty of Education Elementary SchoolSoichiroTAKEDAOkayama University Junior High SchoolChandeSONOsaka Kyoiku University Tennoji Junior High SchoolTetsuoKIYOTA,Faculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70204 本研究は，清田哲男の理論枠組を基盤として，教員が日常生活で出会う市井の他者との対話を通じて創造性や授業観を変容させるプロセスを明確化したものである。市井プロジェクトの質的分析により，教員は他者の生き方や姿勢から新たな価値を受け取り（市井からの享受過程），その経験を契機に教育観を再編し（教育観変容過程），さらに授業構想に具体的変化を生じさせること（授業内容関与過程）が確認された。とりわけ，制度的研修では得にくい偶発的対話や生活知の受容が，教員の創造性を喚起し，日常に根ざした学びとして機能する点が成果である。本研究は，教員自身が学ぶ創造性という新たな研究領域の基盤を形成し，美術教育における創造性育成の新たな可能性を提示した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026音楽表現への理解を深める保育研修プログラムの検討 ― 音や音楽を広くとらえる視点を育む ―147155ENHiromiTAKASUFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70203 保育現場では音楽活動の重要性が指摘される一方，多くの保育者が音楽に対する苦手意識を持つ。本研究では，音楽を専門技能に限定せず，日常の音や身体遊びも含めて捉える視点を提示し，音楽表現への理解を深める研修プログラムを検討した。講義，即興性を取り入れた遊び歌，わらべうたを用いた身体表現の三要素から成る研修を現職保育者36名に実施した。研修前後の自己評価は全項目で上昇し，特に身近な音の活用や伝承的音楽の実践可能性で大きな改善が見られた。保育経験別の分析では，初任・中堅・熟練の全てで有意な向上が確認され，熟練保育者で最も伸び幅が大きかった。今後は自由記述の質的分析や継続的な研修体系の構築，子どもへの効果の検討が課題である。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026地域と人々を繋ぐ音楽活動 ― 地域活力の回復を目指すコンサートの開催 ―131145ENShinsukeOKAMOTOFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70202 本研究は，人口減少に伴って小中学校の統廃合が進む岡山県玉野市において，地域活力の回復を図る機会を作り，そのような機会を地域住民自ら作り出す機運を高めることを目的としている。本研究では，東児中学校区を対象に，校歌を再構成した作品の発表と，地域住民と協働で企画，運営を行うコンサートの開催という二つの取組を2023～24年度にかけて実践し，住民同士の繋がりを強め，住民らが地域への関心を深めていくことを図った。両取組は，地域住民に好意的に受け入れられた結果となり，今後の取組の展開へ繋がる成果が得られた。2025年現在，両取組を実践した地域において，地域活性化を図る芸術活動団体が新たに結成され，地域活力の回復を目指す動きが住民の中で見られはじめていることから，本地域の今後の動向が注目される。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026インドの小・中学校理科における気候変動に関する内容の取り扱い ― NCERT 発行の教科書に注目して ―119130ENKenKAWAIOkayama University Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences Science Doctoral CourseHirokiFUJIIFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70201 本研究は，インドの国家教育政策2020および国家カリキュラム・フレームワーク2023に基づいて作成された NCERT 発行の学校教科書（第3～8 学年）を対象に，理科的内容を扱う教科の気候変動に関する内容の取り扱いの現状を分析した。分析では UNESCO による SDGs のための教育と Kagawa & Selby の「理解・緩和・適応」の考え方をもとに観点を設け，記述を抽出・分類した。その結果，初等教育段階の「The World Around Us」では生活世界に根ざした環境配慮の態度と行動の基礎形成が重視され，前期中等教育段階の「Science」では科学的な因果関係や気候変動対策の国際的枠組みが導入されており段階的深化が確認された。一方で，概念導入の遅れ，因果連鎖の不統一，行動変容に至る仕組みの弱さ，学際性の不足や語彙や概念の習得のスパイラルな学習の不足が明らかになった。現行教科書は，体系的かつ実効的な気候変動教育には未だ不十分であり，今後の改善が求められることを指摘した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026制作者と造形物の対話を捉える視点の研究 ― バフチンに基づく質的な考察のための文献の検討 ―93100ENShuyaOHIRAFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70198 本研究では，制作者が造形行為の過程で実践する造形物との対話に着目し，造形行為において制作者に経験される学びを捉え質的に考察するための視点を，バフチン(Михаил Михайлович Бахти́н)の対話の概念に立ち検討した。まず，対話の過程でつくられる自己と他者の「相互作用，相互関係」について検討し，対話の過程において個々の「世界」が確立されると共に，確立された個々の「世界」が自己と他者の間で共有されることを検討した。次に，造形行為の過程で，制作者が素材を変化させていくにつれて，その造形物ないし作品のもつ形や色が，想像の世界，モチーフ，何らかの規則性などを纏っていく，制作者と造形物ないし作品との対話が実践されることを検討した。研究の成果として，造形物との対話の過程で制作者に経験される学びを捉え質的に考察するための視点である芸術的行為を提示した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026Character Education の動向と児童の特性を生かした教育的介入の可能性について ― Character Education と Character Strengths Education を区別して ―6377ENMingluLIThe Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education, Hyogo University of Teacher EducationTazukoAOKIFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70196 児童の幸福や心理的 well-being を高める研究の1つが，よい character の育成を目指す教育研究である。Lavy（2020）は，これには2つの流れがあるとする。１つが character education，もう１つは character strengths education である。本稿では，まずこの2つの特徴について解説して世界の流れを示し，次にポジティブ心理学に基づく character strengths education の限界点を指摘した。具体的には，その原典となるVIA-IS（Peterson & Seligman, 2004）について，東アジアにおける強みと well-being の関連研究がほとんど成されていないこと，加えて児童期の教育的介入の成果がほとんど見られないことを指摘した。これらの検討を通して，児童期の認知特性や発達段階に応じた，児童の負荷の少ない身体活動量，習慣形成の視点で character の育成を目指す教育的介入の可能性について議論した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026チームにおける目標設定が部活動適応感に及ぼす影響 ― 個人目標と集団目標の整合性に着目して ―4761ENRyoMISAWAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityEriMORITAAccounting Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70195 本研究では，大学部活動のチームにおける目標設定が部活動適応感に及ぼす影響について，個人目標と集団目標の整合性に着目して検討した。大学生187 名を対象に質問紙調査を実施し，個人目標・集団目標の4 要素（困難度，具体性，関与度，フィードバック），目標の整合性，そして部活動適応感を測定した。重回帰分析の結果，目標の整合性は，「活動への傾倒」と「組織・成員への満足」に正の効果を示した。また，集団目標の関与度も適応感を高める要因であった。さらに，整合性は目標要素の効果を調整していた。整合性が高い場合には個人目標への関与度が「活動への傾倒」を促進し，低い場合には集団目標のフィードバックが補完的に機能していた。これらの知見から，目標の整合性が，個人目標と集団目標の葛藤を緩和し，部活動における心理的適応を支える重要な要因であることが示唆された。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026自己変容を通してみたマインドワンダリングの創造性について ― 自己嫌悪場面での４つの内言に着目した検討 ―3145ENTazukoAOKIFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityMakotoHAGIWARAa public employeeKazuhiroYASUNAGAFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70194 マインドワンダリング(以下MW)は心が自己内の複数の領域をさまようことで, 新たな気づきや発想
が生まれる土壌になるとされる。本稿では，この創造性を検討するため，水間(2003)を参考に，自己嫌悪
場面で生起する4 つの反応についての研究モデルを用いてこの創造性を検討した。その際，MW とその
他の類似の内省を区別するため，自己嫌悪場面で生起する内言として自己注目(省察・反芻), 自己への没
入(MW・空想)の4 つを想定した。またその内言が自己の成長にとって意味のある内言か否かを判断する
指標として本来感を用いた。分析の結果, 本来感高群において, MW による集中力の欠如が人の思考を
多領域にさまよわせ, 内的な個性の創造と内的な個人の成長を促すことが示された。また低群において
省察は自分らしさを求め変容を目指す意識が促進されることが示された。他方, 反芻と空想はいずれの
反応様式にも関わっていないことがわかった。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-2423191202620 世紀初頭のイギリス教員から見たヘルバルト学派 ―『ヘルバルト教授法にかんする授業ノート』の分析 ―1730ENYoshitsuguHIRATAFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70193 本論は，ジャーマン・インパクトを視座として，19-20 世紀にかけて教員養成改革がいかに展開されてきたのかを解明する研究の一部をなすものである。ここでは20 世紀初頭のイギリス教員がどのようにヘルバルト学派の教育思想を受容したのかを明らかにすることを目的とし，『ヘルバルト教授法にかんする授業ノート』の分析を行った。その結果，以下の共通点と相違点が明らかとなった。授業冒頭において目的を明らかにし，授業で学ばれる内容へと子どもの意識を集中させ，新しい知識を教授するという流れは，ヘルバルト学派の五段階教授法と共通していた。だが，第四および第五段階については大胆な変更が施されていた。20 世紀初頭のイギリス教員がヘルバルト学派の教育思想を正確に受容するよりも選択的に受容した可能性があることを解明した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231912026教職員研修の高度化に果たす大学の役割と課題 ― NITS 岡山大学センターの活動を通して ―116ENAtsushiTAKASEFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityAkikoTSURUMIOkayama University KindergartenChiyoKUROSUMIOkayama University KindergartenTetsuoKIYOTAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityYoshihikoINADAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityAiMATSUURAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityKoujiMIYAMOTOFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityMutsumiMATSUEDAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityAikoTSUSHIMAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityYoshioMIYAZAKIFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityToshiyaTAKEMOTOOkayama University School for Special Needs EducationYokoSAWATANIOkayama University School for Special Needs EducationKazuakiKAJIIFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityMakikoKANAGAWAFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/70192 本論文では，専門職としての教職員の学びを保障する研修のあり方を検討し，とくに大学が果たす役割と課題について考察する。教職員の学びは教育委員会での研修，勤務校園での研修，教職大学院での学修，研究団体での研修などにおいて展開される。大学が開発・実施する研修はこれらとどう関連し，どのような特色をもつか。独立行政法人教職員支援機構（以下，NITS）岡山大学センターの活動を通して検討する。そして，大学は教職員の学びのニーズに応える側にあるだけでなく，教職員の学びを再構成し，自律的協働的な学びを支援・促進していく側としての役割を果たすものであることを考察する。また，大学おけるアウトカム重視の研修開発の必要性を指摘し，今後の取組の課題として示す。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japan Society of Mechanical EngineersActa Medica Okayama2187-97451252025Examining OpenFOAM-based LES analysis in terms of inviscid energy conservation and viscous turbulence decay25-00095ENHirokiSUZUKIGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKentoTANAKAGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityToshinoriKOUCHIGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityThe present study examines an OpenFOAM-based LES analysis from the viewpoints of inviscid energy conservation and viscous turbulence decay. The Smagorinsky model is employed as the sub-grid scale (SGS) model, and a two-dimensional periodic analytical solution and a three-dimensional periodic Taylor-Green vortex (TGV) are employed to represent inviscid flows. The analytical relationship for the kinetic energy K, dK/dt = 0, with t as the dimensionless time, is utilized to validate the OpenFOAM results. For the viscous flow case, the TGV flow in a three-dimensional periodic cubic domain is adopted, and its turbulence kinetic energy distribution is compared with that obtained by a spectral method to examine the analysis. The OpenFOAM-based analysis exhibits energy conservation error in flows that should ideally conserve energy. For the two-dimensional flow, this error decreases with increasing grid resolution N. However, in the three-dimensional flow, the error does not improve even with higher N. In the three-dimensional TGV flow, the turbulence kinetic energy predicted by OpenFOAM exhibits a strong agreement with that from the spectral method when a standard constant value of the Smagorinsky model is employed and the mesh is sufficiently refined. Conversely, for a condition of relatively coarse mesh, the decay characteristics of turbulent kinetic energy deviate from those of the spectral method, and a higher constant value of the Smagorinsky model than the default value becomes necessary to reproduce comparable results. These results suggests that even in LES simulations where highly accurate conservation laws are not satisfied, adjusting the model constants so that the predicted values match experimental or numerical reference data can improve the apparent reliability of the turbulent kinetic energy in the decaying turbulence.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1345-26302026Tabtoxin biosynthetic gene cluster in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 genomic island 1 (GI-1Pta6605) is required for severe disease symptomsENKotomiKunishiThe Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNorikaFujisawaThe Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHidenoriMatsuiThe Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNanamiSakataThe Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYoshiteruNoutoshiThe Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKazuhiroToyodaThe Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYukiIchinoseThe Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityOne of the genomic islands in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 (GI-1Pta6605) has been identified as a pathogenicity island required for virulence because the deletion almost completely eliminated disease symptoms in inoculation tests at 4 × 105 CFU/ml. GI-1Pta6605 contains four cargo regions (CRs) named CR-1 to CR-4. The ∆CR-4 mutant did not produce tabtoxin like ∆GI-1 and disease symptoms did not develop in tobacco. However, it grew, although to a lesser extent than the wild-type strain. These results indicate that the tabtoxin biosynthetic gene cluster in GI-1 is required for virulence but not for establishment of compatibility.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama0956-71351832026Monitoring postharvest water loss in eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) using UV-induced fluorescence imaging and multivariate analysis111902ENVincentRotichLaboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityTianqiGaoLaboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityPanintornPrempreeLaboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityTakahiroHayashiLaboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityKazuhikoNambaFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMitsujiMontaFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMotomiNishimotoTechnology and Innovation Center, Daikin Industries, Ltd.NaoshiKondoLaboratory of Biosensing Engineering, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityEggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is susceptible to significant postharvest losses primarily due to water loss during storage, which affects market quality by causing texture and glossiness degradation. We investigated whether UV-induced fluorescence imaging and EEM (Excitation-Emission Matrix) fluorescence spectroscopy can non-destructively monitor WL under four storage regimes (10 °C/95 % RH, 20 °C/95 % RH, 20 °C/75 % RH, 10 °C/75 % RH). EEMs exhibited three regions; a 365/420 nm blue emission increased most under warm, low-humidity storage and is consistent with phenolic/lignin-related fluorescence. Side-view fluorescence (FL) images showed progressive blue-white emission and surface textural changes that tracked gravimetric water loss (WL). A PLSR model using combined color and texture features from FL and reflectance (CL) images achieved R2CV = 0.88 (RMSECV = 3.47 %) with only six features. To test a minimal predictor, we fit an Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) using Day-1 FL MeanBlue as a covariate and storage category as a factor with Leave One Out Cross-validation (LOOCV); this forecasted cumulative WL with R2LOOCV = 0.92 and MAE = 1.88 %. Importantly, this ANCOVA model using Day-1 blue-band fluorescence as a covariate was predictive only under 20 °C/75 % RH; under the other conditions, its contribution was weak. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) models achieved accuracies of 94.4 % and 85.2 %, respectively, in differentiating storage conditions. These results support low-cost FL imaging as a practical tool to monitor WL and storage stress.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.大阪府保険医協会Acta Medica Okayama547132026『光が見える』人工網膜の可能性 ― 有機色素分子を部材とする世界初の医療機器「光電変換色素薄膜型人工網膜OUReP」1321ENToshihikoMatsuoTetsuyaUchidaHiroshiIshikane 網膜色素変性や加齢黄斑変性では、光を細胞膜電位に変換する網膜視細胞が死んでいるが、視神経として脳に連絡する神経節細胞は生き残っている。人工網膜は視細胞を代替する人工物で、光を受け電流を出力する電極アレイ型が主流であるが、電流は拡散するため解像度向上が難しい。そこで人工網膜の解像度向上を目指して、光を電位差に変換する光電変換色素分子を絶縁体のポリエチレン薄膜表面に共有結合した光電変換色素薄膜型の人工網膜OURePを開発してきた。この人工網膜OURePは光受容と電位出力の一体型で外部起電力は不要、手術では薄膜を鋏で切って眼内に植込む大きさを自由に選べる。使い捨てインジェクタを使って薄膜を丸め眼球の網膜下に硝子体手術で植込み、網膜下に植込んだ人工網膜OURePは光を受けて電位差を出力し隣接する網膜組織の神経細胞の活動電位を誘発する。クリーンルームで製造品質管理を行い、安全性と有効性を証明して、医師主導治験を準備している。今後、日本の国民皆保険が維持できるよう比較安価な適正価格の人工網膜治療を提供したい。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Oxford University Press (OUP)Acta Medica Okayama2752-6542512025Chloroplast heat shock protein cpHsc70-1 interacts with thylakoid membrane remodeling protein VIPP1 C-terminal tail and controls VIPP1 oligomer assemblypgaf393ENDiLiInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversitySarah WanjiruGachieInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityShin-ichiroOzawaInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityMartinScholzInstitute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of MünsterMichaelHipplerInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityWataruSakamotoInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityOxygenic photosynthetic organisms depend on the thylakoid membranes (TMs) for light-driven energy conversion. Recent studies on TM homeostasis (thylakostasis) have highlighted the essential role of the TM remodeling protein vesicle-inducing protein in plastid 1 (VIPP1). As a member of the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport-III (ESCRT-III)/phage shock protein A (PspA)/VIPP1 superfamily, VIPP1 forms large ring- and filament-like homo-oligomeric structures that exhibit a membrane remodeling activity. The oligomerization status was proposed to be modulated by the intrinsically disordered C-terminal tail (Vc), whereas its functional role remained unclear. Notably, this Vc region is conserved not only in photosynthetic VIPP1 but also in the PspA proteins of extremophilic species, implicating its role in membrane stress responses. To investigate the role of the Vc region in VIPP1 assembly, we performed coimmunoprecipitation assays in Arabidopsis chloroplasts and identified chloroplast-localized HSP70 proteins (cpHsc70) as major interactors. Among the two isoforms, cpHsc70-1 was found to be specifically required for modulating VIPP1 oligomeric assembly and dynamics in response to heat stress. Genetic analyses revealed that cpHsc70-1 facilitates the disassembly of VIPP1 oligomers, similarly to Vps4 ATPase in ESCRT-III; loss of either the Vc region or cpHsc70-1-impaired VIPP1 disassembly, resulting in more static oligomeric structures. Furthermore, cpHsc70-1 exhibited a broader role in chloroplast proteostasis, as the cphsc70-1 mutant showed impaired accumulation of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fusion proteins. Together, our findings uncover a crucial crosstalk between proteostasis and thylakostasis in chloroplasts, coordinated by cpHsc70-1 and VIPP1 in response to membrane stress.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.American Society for Horticultural ScienceActa Medica Okayama0018-53456122026Interactive Effects of Maximum Daytime and Minimum Nighttime Temperatures on Spinach Growth and Physiological Characteristics444451ENNethoneSambaFaculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima UniversityHisaoAkasakaThe United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan; and Iwate Agricultural Research Center, Kenpoku Agricultural Research InstituteKen-ichiroYasubaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityTanjuroGotoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityMinoriHikawa-EndoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYokoMiyamaFaculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan; and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate UniversityHigh temperatures restrict spinach growth, and the plant’s growth and physiological responses to heat remain poorly understood. It remains unclear whether high daytime or elevated nighttime temperatures have a more negative impact on spinach growth. In addition, the interaction effect of maximum daytime and minimum nighttime temperatures on spinach growth remains unknown. This study was conducted to address these issues. Spinach was grown in controlled environments under four temperature treatments: 30 and 20 °C (T30/20), 30 and 25 °C (T30/25), 35 and 20 °C (T35/20), and 35 and 25 °C (T35/25). These treatments represent the maximum daytime temperature and minimum nighttime temperature, respectively, and were maintained for 45 days. Plant growth characteristics were monitored, and the physiological responses to temperature regimes were assessed. The results show that compared with T30/20, dry matter production decreased by 15.4% with increased nighttime temperature (T30/25), decreased by 42.3% with increased daytime temperature (T35/20), and decreased by 57.7% when both daytime and nighttime temperatures were increased (T35/25). However, there was no statistically significant interaction effect (P > 0.05) between daytime maximum and nighttime minimum temperatures on plant biomass production variables. In comparison with T30/20, the T35/25 treatment increased significantly plant stomatal conductance, stomatal apertures, transpiration rate, and leaf temperature during heat waves. The T35/25 treatment also decreased the quantum efficiency in light compared with the other treatments. Plant biomass production did not improve with the T35/20 and T35/25 treatments, likely as a result of a decoupling of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance during heat waves. Overall, these results reveal that maximum daytime and minimum nighttime temperatures exert additive effects on spinach growth.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japanese Society for Horticultural ScienceActa Medica Okayama2189-01029442025Effects of Intermittent Low-temperature Storage Duration and Cycle on the Bolting and Flowering of Delphinium elatum in Summer522529ENMikaKawaiGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMiwaFukuyasuGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYoshiyukiTanakaGraduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityYoshikuniKitamuraGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKen-ichiroYasubaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYuichiYoshidaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTanjuroGotoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityEarly-bolting in summer is a major problem when growing delphinium seedlings in summer to produce cut flowers that will be shipped in autumn and winter. In this study, an intermittent low-temperature storage (ILTS) treatment that induces flower bud differentiation in strawberry and prevents rosette formation in Eustoma significantly increased the Delphinium elatum cut flower length. Moreover, ILTS was as effective as growing seedlings under cool conditions at preventing early-bolting. We analyzed the effects of six ILTS treatments that differed regarding the treatment temperature (5 and 10°C) and treatment cycle (3 days/3 days, 6 days/6 days, and 12 days/12 days; ambient conditions/cool and dark). Cut flowers were significantly longer with the 6 days/6 days treatment at 10°C than for the control treatment. Furthermore, repeating the ILTS treatment cycle (6 days ambient conditions/6 days at 10°C) a total of four times produced high-quality cut flowers regardless of the cultivar. Therefore, this ILTS treatment may be ideal for preventing early-bolting in D. elatum.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japanese Society for Horticultural ScienceActa Medica Okayama2189-01029512026Comparison of Fruit Development, Ripening, and Transcriptome Dynamics in Taiwanese and Japanese Cultivars of Japanese Apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.)1020ENTomoakiKashiwamotoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityTakashiKawaiGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityTakaakiOeJapanese Apricot Laboratory, Wakayama Fruit Tree Experiment StationKojiNumaguchiJapanese Apricot Laboratory, Wakayama Fruit Tree Experiment StationYutoKitamuraFaculty of Agriculture, Setsunan UniversityYasutakaKuboGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityFumioFukudaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityKoichiroUshijimaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityIn this study, we compared changes in traits associated with fruit development and ripening in Taiwanese and Japanese cultivars of Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.). We also analyzed transcriptome profiles to comprehensively examine different fruit development and ripening patterns between the two groups in terms of fruit characteristics and gene expression. Early fruit development in Taiwanese cultivars ‘ST’ and ‘Ellching’ and the Japanese cultivar ‘Hakuo’ was ahead of that in other three Japanese cultivars (P1). From late April to early May, around the stone-hardening stage, the developmental differences decreased to the same level. Thereafter, Japanese cultivars showed rapid growth, whereas Taiwanese cultivars showed slower growth, reversing the developmental differences between these lines (P2). Ethylene production was not detected until the full ripening stage and was detected for the first time at this stage in five cultivars, except for ‘Ellching’ (P3). In contrast, no ethylene production was observed during the entire duration of fruit development in ‘Ellching’. A multidimensional scaling plot showed that the overall transcriptome profile changed according to the three stages (P1–P3) of fruit development and ripening. At P1, gene ontologies (GOs) related to cell division, such as the cell cycle and regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity, were enriched for differentially expressed genes downregulated in Taiwanese cultivars as compared with their expression in Japanese cultivars. At P2, GOs related to fruit development were not enriched, but some genes related to phytohormones, such as auxin, abscisic acid, and cytokinin, which are associated with fruit development and ripening, were differentially expressed. At P3, the expression of genes such as ACS, ACO, and PG, which are involved in ethylene biosynthesis, increased in response to increased ethylene production, but not in ‘Ellching’, which showed no ethylene production. Expression analysis of 115 NAC (NAM-ATAF1/2-CUC2) family genes, which are related to fruit ripening and ripening date in other fruit species, in the ‘Ellching’ genome revealed changes in expression of NAC056 and NAC073 corresponding to fruit development and ripening in Taiwanese and Japanese cultivars. We discuss the differences in fruit development and ripening behaviors between Taiwanese and Japanese cultivars in terms of physiological and transcriptome changes.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院法務研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1485272026瀬戸内市長としての16年間のあゆみ ― 市長の意思決定 ―5364ENAkinariTAKEHISA10.18926/OLR/70155No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院法務研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1485272026成年後見制度 ～中核機関の現状と課題～151ENKazuhiroNISHIDAMikaNISHIYAMAOkayama City Adult Gurdianship Center CaseAyakaNAGASHIOOkayama City Adult Gurdianship Center CaseKyosukeYOSHIOKASoja City CaseTomonoIMAIChita Area Avocacy Center CaseYujiMIZUTAOda City CaseDaisukeUCHIDAOda City Case10.18926/OLR/70154No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学農学部Acta Medica Okayama2186-77551152026公表学術論文等リスト 20251326ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学農学部Acta Medica Okayama2186-77551152026北海道東部の森林において林冠木の細根が土壌窒素動態に与える影響912ENMasatakaNakayamaCourse of Environmental Ecology Plants release mixtures of labile organic matter from their fine roots (root exudates) into the surrounding soil (rhizosphere). Partly due to the release of root exudates, microbial community structures and their activities within the rhizosphere differ significantly from those in other soil areas (bulk soil). Consequently, nutrient cycling processes, including nitrogen mineralization, are accelerated in the rhizosphere, facilitating nutrient acquisition by plants. This phenomenon, known as the rhizosphere effect, has been repeatedly reported in studies of herbaceous plants; however, the impact of canopy tree fine roots on soil nitrogen dynamics through the effect in forest ecosystems remains largely unknown. Here, I introduce our research investigating the root exudates and rhizosphere effects of the fine roots of canopy trees, Quercus crispula, and how these fine roots affect soil nitrogen dynamics. The quantity of root exudates varied daily rather than seasonally, with solar radiation having a strong and positive effect on the amounts. However, even after leaf fall, root exudation was observed. In the rhizosphere, specific bacterial communities were present regardless of season, while ectomycorrhizal fungal populations were higher than in the bulk soil only in summer. Extracellular enzymatic activity relating to nitrogen cycling was higher in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil across seasons. Nitrogen uptake by the tree was likely lower in winter and spring, leading to labile nitrogen accumulation in the rhizosphere during these periods. On an annual basis, however, the impact of fine roots on apparent inorganic nitrogen dynamics was minor. These results suggest that the canopy tree, Q. crispula, accelerates soil nitrogen cycling through root exudation and rhizosphere effects, regardless of season, while the acceleration of the cycle and the utilization of available nitrogen are well-balanced annually, thereby avoiding unnecessary carbon investment.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学教育推進機構Acta Medica Okayama1881-595232026「知の探研」× 多文化共修 ―オンライン授業再構築の試み―145154ENYumikoYAMAMOTOFaculty of General and Global Studies (GDP), Okayama UniversityKha ManhNGUYENDiscovery Program for Global Learners, Okayama University10.18926/70118岡山大学では2025年4月入学生から新カリキュラムがスタートした。学士課程改革の一環として導入されたのが全学共通・課題探究科目「知の探研」である。本稿では，新入生対象科目である「知の探研」を，海外生を含むグローバル・ディスカバリー・プログラム生向けに英語で “Inquiries of Knowledge” として開講した初年度の取り組みを報告する。とりわけオンデマンド型オンライン授業を, 本学が推進する多文化共修の視点で再構築するにあたり，教材を単に英訳するのではなく, オンライン環境においても協働学習を実現する工夫や，言語的・文化的配慮の統合が不可欠であることを明らかにする。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama0003-98617792026Comparison of bioavailability of quercetin and its structural analogs in mice110775ENNozomiMaedaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityAtsushiHashimotoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityRyoseiMoritaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityShintaroMunemasaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYoshiyukiMurataGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYoshimasaNakamuraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityToshiyukiNakamuraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityFlavonoids are thought to provide beneficial effects on health. However, there are still uncertainties regarding their bioavailability. In this study, we investigated the bioavailability of 6 flavonoids, galangin, kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin, fisetin, and luteolin, by oral administration to mice. Analysis of plasma concentrations of free flavonoids after deconjugation by LC-MS/MS revealed that all flavonoids were rapidly absorbed after administration. Among 6 flavonoids, kaempferol and fisetin showed high absorbed amounts in blood plasma. With the LogP value of the two flavonoids as the maximum value, the amount absorbed decreased for both lower and higher LogP values. The results of the tissue distribution of galangin, kaempferol, and quercetin suggested that the order of fastest movement from the stomach to the small intestine was kaempferol > quercetin > galangin. In addition, the amount of kaempferol and quercetin distributed in the liver was greater than that of galangin. These results suggest that the bioavailability of flavonoids varies with the slight structural differences, possibly due to differences in their rapid accessibility to the small intestine that is the primary site of absorption and metabolism within the body.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1865-13801912026Association of Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature with heat-related illness hospitalizations in Japan: a time-stratified, case-crossover study11ENYukaYamamuraDepartment of Epidemiology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakashiHongoDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTetsuyaYumotoDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesFumiyaSasaiDepartment of Epidemiology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesKoheiTokiokaDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakafumiObaraDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTsuyoshiNojimaDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesJunKandaEmergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi HospitalShojiYokoboriDepartment of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical SchoolHiromichiNaitoDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakashiYorifujiDepartment of Epidemiology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesAtsunoriNakaoDepartment of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencesBackground Heat-related illnesses are a serious public health concern and are exacerbated by global warming. Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) is widely used as a heat stress indicator, but its clinical impact remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between hourly variations in WBGT and the incidence of hospitalizations for heat-related illness in Japan using a nationwide database. By incorporating individual-level clinical data and performing stratified analyses, we sought to provide a more granular understanding of how heat exposure affects the risk of heat-related illness requiring hospitalization.<br>
Methods We conducted a time-stratified, case-crossover study using data collected from July to September in 2020 and 2021 in the Heatstroke STUDY registry. The inclusion criteria were patients registered in the Heatstroke STUDY registry, specifically hospitalized patients with heat-related illness who were transported to participating hospitals during the study period. Hourly WBGT values were assigned based on the nearest monitoring station to each hospital. Conditional logistic regression and distributed lag models were used to estimate associations between WBGT and the risk of hospitalization.<br>
Results A total of 1,653 heat-related illness hospitalizations were analyzed. The mean patient age was 67.9 years; 67.6% were male. Each 1 °C increase in WBGT at onset (hospital arrival) was associated with a significantly increased risk of hospitalization (OR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.05–1.15). The cumulative effect over the prior six hours was also significant (OR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.50–1.62). Compared with WBGT < 25 °C, adjusted ORs were 3.39 (25–27 °C), 8.81 (28–30 °C), and 22.10 (≥ 31 °C). Stratified analyses suggested stronger associations among several subgroups; however, only patients with mental disorders showed statistically significant effect modification, whereas elevated WBGT posed a risk across all groups.<br>
Conclusions Higher WBGT levels were associated with an increased risk of heat-related hospitalization. Although the effect appeared greater in some subgroups, only patients with mental disorders demonstrated statistically significant effect modification, suggesting elevated WBGT confers risk broadly.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0007-11882026Induction of IL-9-producing CD8+ T cells by ascochlorin derivativesENNatsumiImanoDepartment of Immunology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMikakoNishidaDepartment of Metabolic Immune Regulation, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMihoTokumasuDepartment of Immunology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesWeiyangZhaoDepartment of Immunology, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNahokoYamashitaDepartment of Metabolic Immune Regulation, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHeiichiroUdonoDepartment of Metabolic Immune Regulation, Okayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesBackground and Purpose: Ascochlorin (ASC) is an antiviral antibiotic from the fermented broth of Ascochyta viciae which exerts an inhibitory effect to cancers. Its impact on immune cells has not been examined. In this study, we obtained ASC derivatives with less cytotoxicity and determined whether they affected T cells, indicating possible immune-mediated antitumour effects.<br>
Experimental Approach: Newly synthesised ASC derivatives were screened for inhibitory effects on T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)-stimulated proliferative responses using murine CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Two compounds were identified that exhibited >10-fold less toxicity compared with ASC. N184, the less toxic of the two, was analysed for its in vivo antitumour effects, and in vitro effects on CD8+ T-cell proliferation, survival, cytokine production and exhaustion, using microscopy, qPCR and flow cytometry.<br>
Key Results: N184 induced limited IL-9 production in CD8+ T cells following TCR stimulation, thereby improving cell survival. It also enhanced cytokine production in the late phase of proliferation and suppressed the induction of exhaustion. N184 suppressed tumour growth in mice in a CD8+ T cell-dependent manner. The effect was partially prevented by an IL-9-neutralising antibody.<br>
Conclusion and Implications: N184 induces differentiation of IL-9-producing CD8+ T cells in vitro and elicits antitumour immunity in an IL-9-dependent manner.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学文明動態学研究所Acta Medica Okayama2436-832652026デヴィッド・グレーバー 著 酒井隆史 訳『啓蒙の海賊たち あるいは実在したリバタリアの物語』286288ENMikakoSAWAYAMA新刊紹介 (New Book)10.18926/70066No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学文明動態学研究所Acta Medica Okayama2436-832652026大知聖子著『計量的分析を用いた北魏史研究』279285ENHirokazuHASEGAWA書評 (Book Review)10.18926/70065No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学文明動態学研究所Acta Medica Okayama2436-832652026補論：歴史学と生成AI163169ENSeikoOCHI展望 (Perspectives)10.18926/70062No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学文明動態学研究所Acta Medica Okayama2436-832652026Area Studies のなかの「地域史」研究 ー歴史研究者、J・W・ホールから見るミシガン大岡山分室と瀬戸内海総合研究会ー5473ENShizueOSAKobe University研究ノート (Research note)10.18926/70054During the late Allied occupation and the 1950s, the University of Michigan’s Center for Japanese Studies established a field station in Okayama, where American scholars conducted rural research. This article examines the challenges of academic research under occupation and analyzes how such research was organized through specific actors and institutional arrangements, with particular attention to its intersection with the academic knowledge of the host institution, Okayama University. Focusing on the historian John W. Hall, it traces the activities of the Michigan field station and explores its interactions with Okayama University and the Seto Inland Sea Cultural Research Group. The article argues that while archival research—understood as a form of fieldwork—facilitated collaborative research, differing conceptions of rural society constituted a critical point of divergence in the production of scholarly knowledge.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学文明動態学研究所Acta Medica Okayama2436-832652026日本における「ロシアかぜ」流行の社会史的分析 ―1889 -1891 年パンデミックと日本社会―119ENAtsushiKAWAUCHIUehiro Disaster Risk Reduction Research Division, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), TOHOKU UNIVERSITY論文 (Research article)10.18926/70051This study offers a social-historical analysis of the “Russian flu” pandemic in Japan (1889–1891). Due to scarce statistical data, the study relies primarily on contemporary newspapers and magazines. It identifies two distinct epidemic waves: the first in spring-summer 1890, and the second from late 1890 to spring 1891. The first wave, though widespread, was overshadowed by a concurrent cholera epidemic and caused relatively few deaths, whereas the second wave was far more lethal and generated widespread fear. At the time, influenza remained an “unknown disease”, with unclear etiology and no established treatments. People responded with diverse measures, from purchasing patent medicines and using folk remedies to symbolic practices such as "disease naming" (osome-kaze). The crisis also renewed attention to historical records of earlier influenza-like epidemics in Japan. In contrast, by the time of the later “Spanish flu” pandemic, advances in bacteriology had already rendered influenza a medically defined disease. This comparison highlights how shifting medical knowledge shaped societal responses. The findings not only corroborate previous excess-mortality analyses but also provide new historical insights into how societies have historically confronted pandemics.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.眼科臨床紀要会Acta Medica Okayama1882-517619022026斜視の遺伝子研究113125ENToshihikoMatsuoGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University共同性斜視は遺伝要因と環境要因からなる多因子疾患で、内斜視と外斜視に大別される。遺伝要因は家族歴、一卵性双生児の表現型一致率から推定され、環境要因には妊娠・分娩時の低酸素状態がある。一方、遺伝要因がある非共同性（麻痺性）斜視として上斜筋腱低形成を呈する特発性上斜筋麻痺がある。遺伝統計学の連鎖解析を使って、内斜視と外斜視の小家系群で4番染色体MGST2を疾患感受性遺伝子候補と同定し、MGST2ノックアウトマウスを作成した。小動物用MRIで解析すると、そのホモ接合体では野生型と比べて眼球形状が有意に横長で体積が大きいことを見出した。次いで遺伝統計学別法の全ゲノム関連解析を内斜視、外斜視、特発性上斜筋麻痺を対象として行った。Infinium Asian Screening Array-24 v1.0でSNPを決めた内斜視253検体、外斜視356検体、上斜筋麻痺102検体を疾患群とした。対照集団としては、バイオバンクジャパン (BBJ) の疾患群とは違うアレイ(OmniExpress)でSNPを決めた182,476検体「BBJ (180K)」、疾患群と同じアレイでSNPを決めたBBJの53409検体「BBJ (ASA)」および長浜コホート3570検体を使った。３対照集団との比較で共通して検出された遺伝子は、上斜筋麻痺群で神経細胞移動に関与するDAB1であった。最も大きい対照集団「BBJ (180K)」との比較では内斜視、外斜視、上斜筋麻痺を含む疾患群全体で眼発生に関与するRARB (retinoic acid receptor β) が検出された。斜視関連遺伝子は眼球形態に関与する可能性がある。特発性上斜筋麻痺は共同性斜視とは独立した疾患と理解されるが、共通の遺伝基盤もあるかもしれない。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama2950-32993342025Collagen depletion by pirfenidone enhances antitumor effect of oncolytic adenovirus against peritoneal metastases of gastric cancer201045ENTomohiroOkuraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSatoruKikuchiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHiroshiTazawaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYuMikaneDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNobuhikoKanayaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesEmaMitsuiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYutaUneDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKunitoshiShigeyasuDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshiakiOharaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShinjiKurodaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKazuhiroNomaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJunkoOhtsukaLaboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research InstituteRiekoOhkiLaboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research InstituteShunsukeKagawaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYasuoUrata Oncolys BioPharma, Inc.ToshiyoshiFujiwaraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in collagen accumulation, which develops and promotes peritoneal metastasis (PM) in gastric cancer (GC). In addition, the abundant stromal collagens in the tumor microenvironment function as a physical barrier against penetration of antitumor drugs and oncolytic viruses. This study investigated whether collagen depletion by pirfenidone (PFD), an antifibrotic drug, enhances the antitumor effects of oncolytic adenoviruses. Analysis of the clinical samples revealed a significant association of high expression of collagen 1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) with PM development and poor prognosis of advanced GC. Human and murine GC cells enhanced collagen production by fibroblasts, which was suppressed by PFD. Abundant fibroblasts and collagen inhibited the penetration of OBP-702, which reduced the antitumor effects of OBP-702 in the spheroid model. Intraperitoneal co-injection of GC cells and fibroblasts promoted the development of collagen-rich PM and reduced the antitumor effects of OBP-702 in vivo model. PFD suppressed collagen production in PM and improved viral penetration into the tumors, which enhanced the antitumor effects of OBP-702 against PM of GC. Collagen depletion by PFD enhances the penetration of OBP-702 into PM of GC, in turn enhancing the antitumor effects of OBP-702 against PM of GC.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0031-931717812026Reactive Carbonyl Species Mediate Isothiocyanate Signaling Pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana Guard Cellse70775ENSumaiyaFarzanaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityMd. MoshiulIslamGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityToshiyukiNakamuraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYoshimasaNakamuraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityShintaroMunemasaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityJun'ichiManoScience Research Center, Yamaguchi UniversityYoshiyukiMurataGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityOur previous results demonstrated that depletion of glutathione (GSH) rather than elevation of levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is highly correlated with the decrease in stomatal aperture induced by isothiocyanates (ITCs), although ROS is considered a key second messenger in stomatal closure, suggesting that another signal component regulates stomatal apertures along with GSH depletion. This study, using Arabidopsis, clarified that reactive carbonyl species (RCS), especially acrolein and 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal, are determinants of stomatal aperture responses to ITCs. All tested ITCs, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), sulforaphane (SFN), benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), and phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), significantly induced stomatal closure, which was inhibited by the RCS scavengers, carnosine and pyridoxamine. The RCS scavengers suppressed ITC-induced depletion of GSH but not elevation of ROS levels. All tested ITCs (AITC, SFN, BITC, and PEITC) increased levels of RCS and non-RCS aldehydes in the epidermal tissues. However, acrolein, 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal, crotonaldehyde, and (E)-2-pentenal induced stomatal closure at 10 and 100 μM, whereas propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, and n-pentanal did not at concentrations up to 100 μM. Acrolein and 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal more effectively induced stomatal closure and GSH depletion than crotonaldehyde and (E)-2-pentenal did. The contents of RCS were more strongly correlated with GSH levels and stomatal closure than with ROS levels. These results suggest that RCS, especially acrolein and 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal, acts as key regulators of stomatal closure in guard cells in response to ITCs.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPI AGActa Medica Okayama1422-006726122025Specific Heat-Killed Lactic Acid Bacteria Enhance Mucosal Aminopeptidase N Activity in the Small Intestine of Aged Mice5742ENTakeshiTsurutaFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMamiWakisakaFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTakumiWatanabeBio-Lab Co., Ltd.AoiNishijimaFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAkihitoIkedaFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMaoTeraokaFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTianyangWangFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKuiyiChenFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityNaokiNishinoFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAminopeptidase N (APN), an enzyme expressed in the small intestinal mucosa, is involved in dietary protein digestion. Previous studies have shown that oral administration of fermented milk containing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) enhances mucosal APN activity in young mice. This study aimed to investigate whether LAB strains stimulate mucosal APN activity in aged mice and to evaluate its relevance to age-related changes in body composition. The underlying molecular mechanisms were also explored in vitro. Experiment 1: Aged C57BL/6J mice were fed diets supplemented with heat-killed LAB strains—Enterococcus faecalis OU-23 (EF), Leuconostoc mesenteroides OU-03 (LM), or Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SNK12 (LP). Compared to the aged Control group, the ileal APN activity was significantly higher in the LP group. LP administration also elevated serum Gla-osteocalcin levels and decreased serum CTX-1 levels. Experiment 2: IEC-6 cells were co-cultured with LP that had been treated with RNase, DNase, or lysozyme. APN activity was significantly lower in cells co-cultured with DNase- or lysozyme-treated LP compared to those co-cultured with untreated LP. A specific LAB strain may enhance mucosal APN activity in the aged intestine, potentially contributing to improved bone metabolism. This effect may be mediated by bacterial DNA and peptidoglycan.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671602025日本語版 The Passive Aggression Scaleの作成および信頼性と妥当性の検討245260ENAyakaSHIGETOUYoung-OkLimKyung-HyunSuhKyokoSUMIOKA10.18926/70031No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671602025「じゃあ」との共起から見た日本語の勧誘文― 談話構造に着目して ―187204ENLizhongXING10.18926/70028No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671602025科学を担う他者たち：清末科学小説における親縁と鏡像の表象分析169185ENXIAOXUANWU10.18926/70027No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671602025外国人技能実習生のキャリア形成と日本語学習の意味付け― 日本でキャリアを継続するベトナム人技能実習生の語りから ―109128ENNgoc Bich TranHOANG10.18926/70023No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671602025現代日本語の会話における「で」のフィラー的な使用について89107ENYANGLIU10.18926/70022No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671602025動作の主体を主語とする難易文について7188ENHUIXINSUN10.18926/70021No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671602025ライプニッツの「人間学」―『定義集』の叙述を中心に―3150ENTsuyoshiMATSUDA10.18926/70019No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1881-1671602025大田植の分布と種類に関する検討（3）―岡山県・広島県の自治体史等における記述・資料―118ENHiroshiTAKANO10.18926/70017No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesActa Medica Okayama0027-842412362026A nuclear CobW/WW-domain factor represses the CO2-concentrating mechanism in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtiie2518136123ENDaisukeShimamuraGraduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto UniversityJunkoYasudaGraduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto UniversityYosukeYamaharaGraduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto UniversityHirobumiNakanoGraduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto UniversityShin-IchiroOzawaInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityRyutaroTokutsuGraduate School of Science, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto UniversityAyumiYamagamiGraduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto UniversityTomonaoMatsushitaGraduate School of Science, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto UniversityYuichiroTakahashiResearch Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama UniversityTakeshiNakanoGraduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto UniversityHideyaFukuzawaGraduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto UniversityTakashiYamanoGraduate School of Biostudies, Division of Integrated Life Science, Kyoto UniversityMicroalgae induce a CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM) to maintain photosynthesis when CO2 is limited. Because this system consumes a substantial portion of photosynthetically generated ATP, its suppression when CO2 levels rise is critical for energy balance, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identify a nuclear repressor of the CCM in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. A pull-down screen for interacting partners of the master activator CCM1/CIA5 revealed an uncharacterized protein that tightly associates with CCM1. This protein, CCM1-binding protein 1 (CBP1), combines a CobW/CobW_C GTP-binding metallochaperone module with a WW-domain characteristic of protein–protein interactions. CBP1 colocalizes and interacts with CCM1 in the nucleus regardless of CO2 conditions. Disruption of CBP1 does not affect growth or CCM induction under CO2 limitation but derepresses 27 of 41 CCM1-dependent low-CO2 inducible genes under high-CO2 conditions. These include the periplasmic and intracellular carbonic anhydrases (CAH1 and LCIB) and inorganic carbon transporters/channels (LCIA, LCI1, BST1, and BST3). Consistently, cbp1 mutants accumulate CAH1 and LCIB proteins and exhibit 40% higher inorganic carbon affinity under high-CO2 conditions; this phenotype is rescued by CBP1 complementation or by acetazolamide treatment. Crucially, cbp1 mutants exhibit significant growth delays under high-CO2 conditions, especially when light is limiting, providing direct evidence that CBP1-mediated repression is essential for energy conservation. Thus, CBP1 prevents unnecessary CCM activity when CO2 is abundant, acting upstream of both transporter/channel and carbonic anhydrase modules. Our findings suggest a regulatory mechanism potentially linking zinc-dependent protein chemistry to CCM gene repression, providing insights into energy-efficient CO2 sensing in aquatic photosynthetic organisms.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPI AGActa Medica Okayama2076-26151632026Impact of the July 2018 Heavy Rain Disaster on the Endangered Nagoya Daruma Pond Frog (Pelophylax porosus brevipodus) in Rice Fields of Mabi Town, Kurashiki City, Western Japan: Changes in Population Structure over Five Years369ENRyoNakajimaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityDaisukeAzumiGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMasakazuTadaOkayama Prefectural Public Interest Incorporated Foundation for Environmental ConservationJunyaNakaichiGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKoki R.KatsuharaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKazuyoshiNakataGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityRice paddy fields (referred to below as rice fields) are important not only for food production, but also as habitats for various species. The Nagoya Daruma Pond Frog (Pelophylax porosus brevipodus) is an endangered frog species endemic to Japan, mainly living in and around rice field areas. In July 2018, heavy rainfall caused severe flooding in Mabi Town of Okayama Prefecture, western Japan, submerging numerous rice fields and affecting local frog populations, including P. porosus brevipodus. To clarify whether the population structure of P. porosus brevipodus changed following the flood disaster in the rice fields of Mabi Town, we conducted quantitative field surveys in a rice fallow field in mid-October before (2017) and after (2018, 2020–2022, excluding 2019) the flood. The number of frogs declined sharply after the 2018 flood, reaching only a few individuals by 2020, but showed a substantial recovery in 2021 following the resumption of rice cultivation, although numbers decreased again in 2022. This recovery, despite fluctuations, indicates that habitat restoration through rice farming played a key role in enabling the population to rebound. Our findings underscore the importance of maintaining and restoring rice field environments after natural disasters for the survival and long-term recovery of P. porosus brevipodus.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama2211-12474512026Immunopeptidomics combined with full-length transcriptomics uncovers diverse neoantigens116781ENTakamasaIshinoDepartment of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomofumiWatanabeDepartment of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSerinaTokitaDivision of Cancer Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata UniversityYoukiUedaDepartment of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKatsushigeKawaseDivision of Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research InstituteYukaTakanoDepartment of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYin MinThuDepartment of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYutaSuzukiDepartment of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, The University of TokyoChieOwaDepartment of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, The University of TokyoTakashiInozumeDepartment of Dermatology, Chiba University Graduate School of MedicineWenhaoZhouDepartment of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJojiNagasakiDepartment of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesVitalyKochinDepartment of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineToshihideUenoDivision of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research InstituteShinyaKojimaDivision of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research InstituteAkikoHonobe-TabuchiDepartment of Dermatology, University of YamanashiTatsuyoshiKawamuraDepartment of Dermatology, University of YamanashiTakehiroOhnumaDepartment of Dermatology, Kumamoto Kenhoku HospitalTakamitsuMatsuzawaDepartment of Dermatology, Chiba University Graduate School of MedicineYuKawaharaDepartment of Dermatology, Chiba University Graduate School of MedicineKazuoYamashitaKOTAI Biotechnologies, IncJasonLinDivision of Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research InstituteJunKosekiDivision of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineHiroyoshiNishikawaDepartment of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineMotooArakiDepartment of Urology, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNaoyaKatoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba UniversityTeppeiShimamuraDivision of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineShinichiMorishitaDepartment of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, The University of TokyoYutakaSuzukiDepartment of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of TokyoHiroyukiManoDivision of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research InstituteToshihikoTorigoeTakayukiKanasekiDivision of Cancer Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata UniversityMasahitoKawazuDivision of Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research InstituteYosukeTogashiDepartment of Tumor Microenvironment, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNeoantigens are crucial for antitumor immunity and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy by triggering strong immune responses. However, conventional methods for identifying neoantigens, such as whole-exon sequencing and short-read RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), appear to be insufficient, and the tumor mutational burden cannot sufficiently predict ICI efficacy. In this study, we employed a proteogenomic approach using long-read RNA-seq with Pacific Biosciences Single-Molecule Real-Time Sequencing technology to analyze full-length transcripts in combination with the human leukocyte antigen ligandome. As a result, many neoantigen candidates were identified, which were unregistered in a comprehensive database, including those from non-coding regions. Additionally, we validated the responses of specific T cell receptors (TCRs) to these candidates and identified several pairs of TCRs and neoantigens. These findings highlight the presence of more diverse neoantigens than expected that cannot be identified by conventional methods.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)Acta Medica Okayama2056-98908222026Crystal structure of tris[4-(3,4-dimethoxythiophen-2-yl)phenyl]amineE82ENMasafumiYanoKansai UniversityYukiyasuKashiwagiOsaka Research Institute of Industrial Science and TechnologyKokiOishiKansai UniversityMinoriYanoKansai UniversityKoichiMitsudoOkayama UniversityIn the title compound tris[4-(3,4-dimethoxythiophen-2-yl)phenyl]amine (DMOT-TPA), C36H33NO6S3, the central nitrogen atom shows no pyramidalization, with the three para-phenylene rings arranged in a propeller-like geometry. Each thiophene ring is twisted by about 25–29° relative to the adjacent phenylene ring, giving a distorted π-conjugated framework. In the crystal, molecules are linked through multiple C—H⋯π interactions into two-dimensional sheets, which extend into a three-dimensional network. A Cambridge Structural Database survey revealed no prior examples of triphenylamines bearing 3,4-dimethoxythiophen units at the para positions. This unique structure provides new insights into the design of redox-active organic materials.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0919-81722025Daytime Bladder Control Status in Toddlerhood Is Associated With Subsequent Bedwetting in Preschool Years: A Nationwide Cohort Study of Over 30 000 Japanese ChildrenENTakatoshiMoriwakeDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNaomiMatsumotoDepartment of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYusukeTominagaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKensukeUraguchiDepartment of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTomokoKobayashiDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityIchiroTsuboiDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKasumiYoshinagaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTomoakiYamanoiDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTatsushiKawadaDepartment of Urology Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Okayama JapanTakuyaSadahiraDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversitySatoshiKatayamaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakehiroIwataDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityShingoNishimuraDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKensukeBekkuDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityKoheiEdamuraDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversitySoshiTakaoDepartment of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakashiYorifujiDepartment of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityMotooArakiDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityObjectives: Nocturnal enuresis is common in early childhood. While daytime bladder control typically precedes nighttime continence, the temporal relationship between early daytime bladder control and subsequent bedwetting remains unclear. We investigated whether daytime bladder control status at age 2.5 years—as indicated by diaper use—is associated with bedwetting at age 4.5 years in a Japanese nationwide cohort.<br>
Methods: We analyzed data from the Japanese Longitudinal Survey of Newborns in the 21st Century (2010 cohort). Daytime bladder control was assessed at age 2.5 years through caregiver-reported diaper use, and bedwetting frequency at age 4.5 years through parental questionnaires. Modified Poisson regression estimated risk ratios (RRs), adjusting for birth-related factors, socioeconomic status, daycare attendance, and developmental milestones.<br>
Results: Among 32 168 children, 26 651 (82.8%) still used diapers at 2.5 years. Bedwetting prevalence at 4.5 years was 42.2%: 34.5% in children who achieved daytime bladder control at 2.5 years versus 43.9% in those still using diapers. After multivariable adjustment, incomplete daytime bladder control at 2.5 years was associated with higher bedwetting risk (adjusted RR 1.25; 95% CI, 1.20–1.31). Multinomial regression revealed dose–response relationships: odds ratios 1.41 (95% CI, 1.30–1.52) for “sometimes” and 1.58 (95% CI, 1.42–1.77) for “often” bedwetting.<br>
Conclusions: Daytime bladder control status at 2.5 years was associated with a 25% increased bedwetting risk at 4.5 years. This association likely reflects individual differences in bladder control maturation rather than causal effects. While daytime bladder control may serve as a developmental marker, its validity as an intervention target remains unestablished.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPI AGActa Medica Okayama2077-03831512026Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Self-Reported Oral Health Status Are Associated with Change in Self-Reported Depression Status: A Cohort Study376ENNorikoTakeuchiDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Medical Development Field, Okayama UniversityTakayukiMaruyamaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNaokiToyamaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYuzukiKatsubeDental School, Okayama UniversityTakahiroTabuchiDivision of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of MedicineDaisukeEkuniDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityBackground/Objectives: Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) may influence mental health outcomes, yet longitudinal evidence on its association with depression remains limited. This study aimed to examine whether oral health status and OHRQoL are associated with a change in self-reported depression status among adults in Japan. Methods: We analyzed data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS), conducted in 2022 and 2023. A total of 15,068 participants aged ≥20 years without depression at baseline were included. Depression status was identified by self-reported measures between the two survey waves. Logistic regression models estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for change in self-reported depression status in relation to OHRQoL and oral health status, adjusting for sociodemographic and behavioral factors. Results: During follow-up, 218 participants (1.45%) reported a change in self-reported depression status. Poorer OHRQoL was significantly associated with a change in self-reported depression status (OR: 1.018; 95% CI: 1.001–1.036; p = 0.039). Additional risk factors included younger age (OR: 0.974; 95% CI: 0.964–0.985), participation in hobbies and cultural activities (OR: 2.224; 95% CI: 1.498–3.302), habitual use of sleeping pills or anxiolytics (current use OR: 3.512; 95% CI: 2.267–5.442), increased loneliness (OR: 1.217; 95% CI: 1.140–1.299), lower life satisfaction (OR: 0.900; 95% CI: 0.836–0.969), and poor self-rated health (OR: 2.921; 95% CI: 1.810–4.715). Conclusions: Impaired OHRQoL was associated with a change in self-reported depression status, potentially through psychosocial mechanisms. These findings suggest that oral health and OHRQoL may be relevant factors to consider in integrated oral and mental health approaches in clinical practice.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama2575-6265652025Seaweed Extracts Improve Salinity Tolerance in Cereal Crops—A Meta‐Analysise70094ENMd.NuruzzamanDepartment of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National UniversityMd.Tahjib‐Ul‐ArifDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMd. AbdulHannanDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityYoshiyukiMurataGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityM. AfzalHossainDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural UniversitySeaweeds are considered an essential component of the blue economy. Because seaweed extracts are rich in bioactive compounds that enhance plant stress resilience, exploiting this resource could offer a sustainable solution for crop production. Salinity is a major abiotic challenge that significantly impacts crop yield and food security. Through meta-analysis, we explored whether the exogenous application of seaweed extracts improves the salt tolerance of cereal crops. All the studies chosen for this study utilized aqueous seaweed extracts as foliar sprays. A multi-level meta-analysis with a mixed effects model was performed to determine the effect size. This meta-analysis demonstrated that applying aqueous seaweed extracts enhanced the shoot and root biomass under normal and salinity stress conditions, suggesting that seaweed extract can help improve crop stress tolerance. The seaweeds studied belonged to three classes: Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyta, and Chlorophyta, with extracts from Chlorophyta and Phaeophyceae significantly enhancing biomass production under salinity conditions. Applying aqueous seaweed extracts effectively improved salinity tolerance at both 34.2–100 mM and 101–400 mM NaCl equivalent salinity stress. Moreover, exogenous foliar application of ≤ 25% aqueous seaweed extracts was most effective for improving salinity tolerance in cereals. The impact of seaweed extracts on cereal crop yields has not been extensively reported; therefore, further studies should focus on this aspect.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155813732025備前市における新型コロナウイルス感染症の抗体検査に関する研究の成果報告118125ENTakashiYorifujiDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama UniversityAyakoSasakiKurashiki City Public Health CenterNaomiMatsumotoDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama UniversityTomokaKadowakiCenter for Public Health Action in Applied Epidemiology, National Institute of Infectious DiseasesToshiharuMitsuhashiCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalSoshiTakaoDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University We conducted two prospective cohort studies (June 2022–March 2023 and Nov 2023–Jan 2024) of 1,899 and 445 residents and other individuals who are affiliated with institutions in the city of Bizen in Japan's Okayama prefecture (population 32,320 as of 2020). We measured the subjects' titers of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, evaluated changes in their antibody titers, and assessed the associations of the titers with the subjects' vaccination status, infection, and COVID-19 status/severity. This report summarizes the two studies' findings. These prospective studies based on a wide age range in a general population provide information that can be used to determine the appropriate timing of vaccination during a pandemic.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japanese Society of BreedingActa Medica Okayama1344-76107532025Polyphyletic domestication and inter-lineage hybridization magnified genetic diversity of cultivated melon, Cucumis melo L.168178ENKatsunoriTanakaFaculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki UniversityGentaroShigitaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityTran PhuongDungGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityPhan Thi PhuongNhiUniversity of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue UniversityMamiTakahashiGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYukiMondenGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHidetakaNishidaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityRyujiIshikawaFaculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki UniversityKenjiKatoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMelon accessions with diverse geographical origins were classified into large and small seed-types by length of seed at the boundary of 9 mm, and into five populations based on polymorphisms in the nuclear genome. They were further divided into three maternal lineages, Ia, Ib, and Ic, by polymorphisms in the chloroplast genome. By combining these three classifications, the Europe/US subsp. melo and the East Asian subsp. agrestis were characterized as [large seed, Ib, PopA1 or A2] and [small seed, Ia, PopB1 or B2], respectively, indicating nearly perfect divergence. In South Asia, in addition to the Europe/US and East Asian types, recombinant types between the two types were detected and accounted for 34.8% of South Asian melon. The finding of such an intermixed structure of genetic variation supported the Indian origin of Ia and Ib types. As to Momordica popular in South Asia, seed length was intermediate between the large and small seed-types, and chloroplast type was a mixture of Ia and Ib, suggesting its origin from the recombinant type. In Africa, three lineages of melon were distributed allopatrically and showed distinct divergence. Subsp. agrestis of the Ic type proved to be endemic to Africa, indicating its African origin.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.International Institute of Anticancer ResearchActa Medica Okayama0250-70054612025P53-Armed Oncolytic Virotherapy Promotes the Efficacy of PD1 Blockade in Murine Osteosarcoma Tumors6984ENMIHOKUREDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHIROSHITAZAWADepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKOJIDEMIYADepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHIROYAKONDODepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYUSUKEMOCHIZUKIDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTADASHIKOMATSUBARADepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAKIYOSHIDADepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKOJIUOTANIDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesJOEHASEIDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTOMOHIROFUJIWARADepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTOSHIYUKIKUNISADADepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYASUOURATADepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSHUNSUKEKAGAWADepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTOSHIFUMIOZAKIDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTOSHIYOSHIFUJIWARADepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesBackground/Aim: Osteosarcoma (OS) is refractory to immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD1)/PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) due to poor immune response. We previously developed telomerase-specific, replication-competent oncolytic adenoviruses non-armed OBP-301 and P53-armed OBP-702 that exert antitumor efficacy against human OS cells. Recently, we demonstrated that P53-armed OBP-702 induces more profound immunogenic cell death and antitumor immune response against human and murine OS cells than does non-armed OBP-301. In the present study, we assessed the combined efficacy of PD1 blockade and P53-armed OBP-702 against murine OS cells.<br>
Materials and Methods: Three murine OS cell lines (K7M2, NHOS, NHOS-LM4) were used to assess the cytopathic effect of non-armed OBP-301 and P53-armed OBP-702 by XTT assay. Virus-induced immunogenic cell death was assessed by analyzing the levels of extracellular adenosine triphosphate and high-mobility group box protein B1. The expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 was analyzed by flow cytometry. The malignant potential of NHOS-LM4 cells was analyzed by a migration and invasion assay. An orthotopic NHOS-LM4 tumor model was used to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of combination therapy with P53-armed OBP-702 and anti-PD1.<br>
Results: P53-armed OBP-702 exhibited antitumor potential for the induction of immunogenic cell death, apoptosis, autophagy, and PD-L1/2 upregulation in K7M2 and NHOS cells. NHOS-LM4 cells showed increased migratory and invasive ability compared to NHOS cells. P53-armed OBP-702 significantly suppressed the malignant potential of NHOS-LM4 cells. Combination dosing showed that P53-armed OBP-702 significantly promoted the antitumor effect of PD1 blockade against NHOS-LM4 tumors.<br>
Conclusion: Our results suggest that P53-armed OBP-702 is a promising agent for improving the antitumor effect of PD1 blockade in treating invasive OS.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama0718-95082025Suppression of Na+ Uptake Via Apoplastic Flow by Chitosan in RiceENMaoxiangZhaoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityMd. Asadulla AlGalibGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityToshiyukiNakamuraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYoshimasaNakamuraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYoshihikoHiraiGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYoshitakaNakashimaShintaroMunemasaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityIzumi C.MoriInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityYoshiyukiMurataGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityPurpose: Chitosan enhances tolerance to salinity in rice. Apoplastic flow plays a crucial role in the accumulation of sodium (Na+) in rice under salinity. This study investigated the effects of exogenous chitosan on apoplastic flow and Na+ uptake in NaCl-treated rice seedlings. Methods: We employed an apoplastic tracer, trisodium salt of 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulphonic acid (PTS), in order to evaluate apoplastic flow in rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Nipponbare) seedlings that were hydroponically grown in the solution containing NaCl (0 and 25 mM), and chitosan (0 mg L− 1, 10 mg L− 1, and 50 mg L− 1). Results: Application of 25 mM NaCl significantly increased PTS uptake and Na+ content in shoots but did not affect K+ content, resulting in a lower K+/Na+ ratio although 25 mM NaCl did not affect the seedling growth. The application of chitosan suppressed Na+-enhanced PTS uptake and Na+ accumulation in shoots without affecting the K+ content, which led to a higher K+/Na+ ratio. Moreover, chitosan did not affect the reducing sugar content or electrical conductivity in the solution containing NaCl. Conclusions: These results suggest that application of chitosan suppressed Na+-enhanced apoplastic flow to reduce Na+ uptake in rice seedlings.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama2405-844011112025Suppression of defect in plated film on AMed metal products by electron beam polishinge43440ENTogoShinonagaFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYukiMatsudaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAkiraOkadaFaculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAdditively manufactured (AMed) metal products with high shape accuracy can be produced by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). However, the AMed metal products have large surface roughness due to the arrangement of bead shape. Surface irregularities such as spatter and small cavity are also generated on the surface. Furthermore, elemental composition of AMed metal products may be changed from that of original metal powder due to oxidation of surface. On the other hand, electroless plating has been applied to improvement of surface functions. However, defect is often generated in the plated film due to surface irregularities and oxidation of base material. Therefore, surface smoothing methods are required for suppression of defect in plated film.<br>
In this study, surface smoothing and surface repairing of AMed aluminum (Al) alloy were performed by electron beam (EB) polishing with large-area EB. After the EB polishing, electroless plating was conducted on the AMed Al alloy, and suppression of defect in plated film was proposed. Experimental results show that surface smoothing, surface repairing and removal of oxidization layer of AMed Al alloy can be done simultaneously by the EB polishing. Furthermore, the plated film without defect can be successfully formed on the EB polished Al alloy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.eLife Sciences Publications, LtdActa Medica Okayama2050-084X132025Redistribution of fragmented mitochondria ensures symmetric organelle partitioning and faithful chromosome segregation in mitotic mouse zygotesRP99936ENHarunaGekkoDepartment of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environment and Life Science, Okayama UniversityRuriNomuraDepartment of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environment and Life Science, Okayama UniversityDaikiKuzuharaReproductive Centre, Mio Fertility ClinicMasatoKaneyasuDepartment of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environment and Life Science, Okayama UniversityGenpeiKosekiDepartment of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environment and Life Science, Okayama UniversityDeepakAdhikariDevelopment and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash UniversityYasuyukiMioReproductive Centre, Mio Fertility ClinicJohnCarrollDevelopment and Stem Cell Program and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash UniversityTomohiroKonoDepartment of Bioscience, Tokyo University of AgricultureHiroakiFunahashiDepartment of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environment and Life Science, Okayama UniversityTakuyaWakaiDepartment of Animal Science, Graduate School of Environment and Life Science, Okayama UniversityIn cleavage-stage embryos, preexisting organelles partition evenly into daughter blastomeres without significant cell growth after symmetric cell division. The presence of mitochondrial DNA within mitochondria and its restricted replication during preimplantation development makes their inheritance particularly important. While chromosomes are precisely segregated by the mitotic spindle, the mechanisms controlling mitochondrial partitioning remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the mechanism by which Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) controls the mitochondrial redistribution and partitioning during embryonic cleavage. Depletion of Drp1 in mouse zygotes causes marked mitochondrial aggregation, and the majority of embryos arrest at the 2 cell stage. Clumped mitochondria are located in the center of mitotic Drp1-depleted zygotes with less uniform distribution, thereby preventing their symmetric partitioning. Asymmetric mitochondrial inheritance is accompanied by functionally inequivalent blastomeres with biased ATP and endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ levels. We also find that marked mitochondrial centration in Drp1-depleted zygotes prevents the assembly of parental chromosomes, resulting in chromosome segregation defects and binucleation. Thus, mitochondrial fragmentation mediated by Drp1 ensures proper organelle positioning and partitioning into functional daughters during the first embryonic cleavage.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.American Society for Clinical InvestigationActa Medica Okayama2379-370810242025Enhancement of drug delivery through fibroblast activation protein–targeted near-infrared photoimmunotherapye195776ENSeitaroNishimuraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceKazuhiroNomaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceTasukuMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceYasushigeTakedaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceTatsuyaTakahashiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceHijiriMatsumotoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceKentoKawasakiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceHotakaKawaiDepartment of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceTomoyoshiKunitomoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceMasaakiAkaiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceTerukiKobayashiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceNoriyukiNishiwakiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceHajimeKashimaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceTakuyaKatoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceSatoruKikuchiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceShunsukeTanabeDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceToshiakiOharaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceHiroshiTazawaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceYasuhiroShirakawaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical SciencePeter L.ChoykeMolecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIHHisatakaKobayashiMolecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIHToshiyoshiFujiwaraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical ScienceThe tumor microenvironment plays a key role in cancer progression and therapy resistance, with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contributing to desmoplasia, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and elevated interstitial fluid pressure, all of which hinder drug delivery. We investigated fibroblast activation protein–targeted (FAP-targeted) near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) as a strategy to improve drug penetration in CAF-rich tumors. In clinical esophageal cancer samples, FAP expression strongly correlated with increased collagen I, hyaluronic acid, and microvascular collapse. CAF-rich 3D spheroids demonstrated elevated ECM deposition and significantly impaired drug uptake compared with CAF-poor models. FAP-targeted NIR-PIT selectively reduced CAFs, reduced ECM components, and restored drug permeability. In vivo, FAP-targeted NIR-PIT enhanced the accumulation of panitumumab and Abraxane in CAF-rich tumors and improved antitumor efficacy when combined with chemotherapy. These findings highlight FAP-targeted NIR-PIT as a promising therapeutic approach to remodel the tumor stroma and overcome drug resistance in desmoplastic solid tumors.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Oxford University Press (OUP)Acta Medica Okayama1347-69478962025PNGase activity and free N-glycans in phloem fluid prepared from Nerium oleander (oleander tree)872875ENFukiOtaguroGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYoshinobuKimuraGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityMegumiMaedaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityFree N-glycans (FNGs) occur ubiquitously in growing plants. Recently, it was reported that these FNGs interact with auxin. In this study, we investigated whether PNGase activity responsible for producing the FNGs occurs in the extracellular fluid, where auxin is present during its polar transfer. Here, we report the occurrences of PNGase activity and FNGs in the phloem fluid.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama0969-806X2372025Impact of different X-ray tube positions on actual dose measurements during CT examinations -An effect of patient physique-113001ENHiroakiHayashiCollege of Transdisciplinary Sciences for Innovation, Kanazawa UniversityTatsuyaMaedaGraduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityKazukiTakegamiDepartment of Radiological Technology, Yamaguchi University HospitalSotaGotoFaculty of Health Sciences, Kobe Tokiwa UniversityTakashiAsaharaDepartment of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityNatsumiKimotoDepartment of Radiological Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Junshin Gakuen UniversityRinaNishigamiGraduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityDaikiKobayashiGraduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityYukiKanazawaFaculty of Life Science, Kumamoto UniversityKazutaYamashitaDepartment of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Tokushima UniversityTakeshiKonishiMEDITEC JAPAN Co., Ltd.MotochikaMakiMEDITEC JAPAN Co., Ltd.Dose management of patients is very important during X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) examinations, but because the patient's surface dose is inhomogeneous, it is difficult to measure the most probable value using a small passive-type dosimeter, lent to the patient. To solve this problem, our research group developed a precise dose analysis procedure in which a systematic uncertainty related to the X-ray incident direction (θin) is reduced. θin information was analyzed from CT images. However, the applicability of our procedure to actual patients with various physiques has not been examined. This study aims to propose a dose analysis procedure that can be applied to patients with various physiques, and to show its impact on dose measurement. Clinical data of 198 patients with Body Mass Index (BMI) values between 15 and 40 kg/m2 (mean value: 23.1 ± 3.8 kg/m2) who underwent chest CT scans were analyzed after dividing them into three groups based on BMI values. The absorbed dose was measured with a small-type Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dosimeter. To derive correction factors related to θin, the dependence of the actually-measured dose values of various patients on θin was analyzed. The correction coefficients were determined independently for the three groups classified by BMI values. By correcting the effect of θin, the systematic uncertainty element could be reduced, resulting in 30 % reduction of the uncertainty. Furthermore, it was found that our analysis procedure makes it possible to visualize outliers. In comparison with the expected dose values based on Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI) values, most of the data fell within the range of ±1.34 mGy (=1σ). However, 7 % of the data showed large deviations larger than 2σ. In conclusion, our research group has developed a procedure for measuring patient surface doses that can be applied to patients having various physiques, in which the effects of X-ray incident direction were accurately corrected. The procedure could be one solution to the problems with actual dose measurements during CT examinations, and will be useful for dose management based on the small-type dosimeter.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Japanese Society for Horticultural ScienceActa Medica Okayama2189-01029432025Effect of Storage Temperature and a Sugar-ester Edible Coating on Postharvest Quality and Storage Life of ‘Fuyu’ Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.)401407ENMaqsoodMuqadasGraduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama UniversityOscar W.MitaloFaculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of TsukubaKyoheiOhashiGraduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama UniversityTakumiOtsukiGraduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama UniversityChikaraYanoGraduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama UniversityZiaurrahmanHejaziGraduate School of Agriculture, University of MiyazakiNatsukiHiraShiga R&D Center, Mitsubishi Chemical CorporationKoichiroUshijimaGraduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama UniversityYasutakaKuboGraduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Natural Science and Technology Okayama UniversityIn ‘Fuyu’ persimmons (Diospyros kaki Thunb.), crunchiness is a preferred postharvest attribute among both distributors and consumers. The present study first examined softening characteristics during storage at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25°C. Fruit stored at 0°C remained firm for 84 d, while that stored at 5°C had a 100% softening rate within 35 d. At 10 and 15°C, over 70% of fruit softened within 49 d and 63 d, respectively. The softening rate was relatively slower at 20 and 25°C, with only 27% softened fruit after 56 d at 25°C. The potential of a newly developed sugar-ester (SE) edible coating to delay fruit softening and maintain postharvest quality was then assessed during storage at 0 and 25°C. Uncoated fruit stored at 0°C for 56 d developed chilling injury (CI) symptoms (rapid fruit softening and peel browning) within 2 d of rewarming at 20°C. These CI symptoms were notably mitigated in SE-coated fruit. At 25°C, SE coating also delayed fruit softening and peel color change in addition to reducing fruit shrinkage. In conclusion, in ‘Fuyu’ persimmons ambient temperature (20–25°C) storage in combination with an edible SE coating is recommended for the high demand Christmas and new year seasons and 0°C storage with an edible SE coating is suitable for longer storage and distribution.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学法学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30507522025職業選択の自由に関する判例法理346141ENT. ItoNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama2772-4271212026Assessing water resources availability and crop performance under climate change in Kenya's Bura irrigation scheme using SWAT and AquaCrop100624ENDaniel MwendwaWambuaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityHiroakiSomuraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityToshitsuguMoroizumiGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityMorihiroMaedaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityThe current study focused on Tana River Basin in Kenya, home to the Bura irrigation scheme (BIS). The BIS faces water supply shortages during critical months of crop development. This study aimed to evaluate the available water resources and crop performance using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and AquaCrop, respectively, under historical and future shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) at the BIS. SWAT estimated the total available flows (TAF) at the BIS intake, whereas AquaCrop estimated crop water requirements (CWR), yields, and water productivity (Wpet) of rice and maize at various carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) levels. The study suggested that the TAF will remain relatively low during the early critical crop development stages in the main cropping season, August-October. Maize yields remained steady over the two cropping seasons under both constant and elevated CO2 levels in the historical and future periods, as opposed to those of rice. Elevated CO2 levels led to diminishing CWR. Moreover, rice showed a stronger response to elevated CO2 than maize. As a result, maize which is less affected by variations in CO2 and temperatures and has less crop water requirements will be better suited than rice for cultivation in the BIS under climate change. To ensure a sustainable water supply in the scheme, the government should increase rainwater harvesting during periods of high TAF. Moreover, there should be a focus on introducing crops that are tolerant to water and temperature stresses and that can reap the most from the elevated CO2 levels.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0960-741212012024OsHAK4 functions in retrieving sodium from the phloem at the reproductive stage of rice7690ENJingCheInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityNaokiYamajiInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityShao FeiWangKey Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesYueXiaKey Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesShun YingYangKey Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesYan HuaSuKey Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesRen FangShenKey Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of SciencesJian FengMaInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversitySoil salinity significantly limits rice productivity, but it is poorly understood how excess sodium (Na+) is delivered to the grains at the reproductive stage. Here, we functionally characterized OsHAK4, a member of the clade IV HAK/KUP/KT transporter subfamily in rice. OsHAK4 was localized to the plasma membrane and exhibited influx transport activity for Na+, but not for K+. Analysis of organ- and growth stage-dependent expression patterns showed that very low expression levels of OsHAK4 were detected at the vegetative growth stage, but its high expression in uppermost node I, peduncle, and rachis was found at the reproductive stage. Immunostaining indicated OsHAK4 localization in the phloem region of node I, peduncle, and rachis. Knockout of OsHAK4 did not affect the growth and Na+ accumulation at the vegetative stage. However, at the reproductive stage, the hak4 mutants accumulated higher Na+ in the peduncle, rachis, husk, and brown rice compared to the wild-type rice. Element imaging revealed higher Na+ accumulation at the phloem region of the peduncle in the mutants. These results indicate that OsHAK4 plays a crucial role in retrieving Na+ from the phloem in the upper nodes, peduncle, and rachis, thereby preventing Na+ distribution to the grains at the reproductive stage of rice.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2399-3642812025Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic characterization of pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma1773ENAtsushiMatsuokaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKazuhikoShienDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShutaTomidaMasayoshiOhkiDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKazuyaHisamatsuDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyotaFujiwaraDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKoseiIshimuraDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyunosukeFujiiDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomoakiHigashiharaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNaohiroHayashiDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKazuhiroOkadaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesRyoYoshichikaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesFumiakiMukoharaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMaoYoshikawaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYumaFukumotoDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKenSuzawaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYasuakiTomiokaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShinTanakaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKentarohMiyoshiDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMikioOkazakiDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSeiichiroSugimotoDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYusukeOtaniDepartment of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterAtsushiTanakaDepartment of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHirofumiInoueCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalYosukeTogashiDepartment of Tumor Microenvironment, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHidetakaYamamotoDepartment of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesDaisukeEnnishiCenter for Comprehensive Genomic Medicine, Okayama University HospitalShinichiToyookaDepartment of General Thoracic Surgery and Breast and Endocrinological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesPulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma (PPC) is a rare subtype of lung cancer that comprises both epithelial and sarcomatoid components. The molecular basis of PPC, including the cellular dynamics of its components, remains largely unknown. To elucidate potential therapeutic targets for PPC, we perform a multi-omics analysis incorporating digital spatial profiling and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). PPC exhibits diverse driver gene alterations, including MET exon 14 skipping mutation (METex14) and ALK fusion. In spatial transcriptomics, MET gene and protein are overexpressed exclusively within the epithelial component and not in the sarcomatoid component, even in patients harboring METex14. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related transcriptional changes, along with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling between the epithelial and sarcomatoid components, are observed. scRNA-seq identifies cell populations within the epithelial component that contribute to the malignant transformation and differentiation of the sarcomatoid component. They are characterized by an intermediate EMT state with ECM remodeling signature, suggesting their potential as novel therapeutic targets for PPC.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama0361-59958932025Autoclaved lightweight aerated concrete suppressed N2O and CO2 emissions from paddy soile70091ENNagoda R. R. W. S.RathnayakeDepartment of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of RuhunaMorihiroMaedaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityDewpura A. L.LeelamanieDepartment of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of RuhunaAtsushiYatagaiClion Co. LtdAutoclaved lightweight aerated concrete (AAC), a construction waste that is utilized as a soil amendment, can influence terrestrial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Still, no evidence exists regarding its impact on the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O), which has a higher global warming potential. This study examined effects of AAC on CO2 and N2O emissions from paddy soil under compacted and non-compacted conditions, under 60% and 100% water-holding capacity (WHC). Samples were incubated in glass vials (25°C) for 21 days. Emissions of CO2 and N2O were measured on days 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 using gas chromatography. The results revealed that AAC significantly (p < 0.05) lowered N2O emission rate during the whole period of incubation, while it suppressed CO2 emission rate only at the early stages (∼7 days) of incubation. In compacted soil, the emissions of CO2 were significantly lower, while N2O was significantly higher than that in non-compacted soil, showing the influence of soil physical conditions. The emissions of CO2 and N2O were significantly lower at 100% WHC than those at 60% WHC. AAC suppressed both CO2 and N2O emissions under both compaction and WHC levels. The results confirm that AAC supports suppressing terrestrial emission of both CO2 and N2O, indicating that AAC has a potential as a sustainable soil amendment that enhances the climate change resilience.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Biophysical Society of JapanActa Medica Okayama2189-47792232025Origin of the unique topology of the triangular water cluster in <i>Rubrobacter xylanophilus</i> rhodopsine220018ENTomoyasuNojiDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of TokyoMasakiTsujimuraDepartment of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, The University of TokyoKeisukeSaitoDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of TokyoKeiichiKojimaFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityYukiSudoFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHiroshiIshikitaDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of TokyoThe crystal structure of Rubrobacter xylanophilus rhodopsin (RxR) reveals a triangular cluster of three water molecules (W413, W415, and W419) at the extracellular proton-release site, near Glu187 and Glu197. Using a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical approach, we identified the structural nature of this unique water cluster. The triangular shape is best reproduced when all three water molecules are neutral H2O with protonated Glu187 and deprotonated Glu197. Attempts to place H3O+ at any of these water molecules result in spontaneous proton transfer to one of the acidic residues and significant distortion from the crystal structure. The plane defined by the triangular water cluster extends into the guanidinium plane of Arg71, with both aligned along the W413...W419 axis. This extended plane lies nearly perpendicular to a five-membered, ring-like H-bond network involving two carboxyl oxygen atoms from Glu187 and one from Glu197. The resulting bipartite planar architecture, defined by the water triangle, Arg71, and the Glu187/Glu197 network may reflect the exceptional thermal stability in RxR.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama0883-29271872025Nitrogen distribution and nitrogen isotope fractionation in synthetic 2:1 phyllosilicates under hydrothermal conditions at 200 °C and saturated vapor pressure106403ENJaegukJoGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityToshiroYamanakaGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYoukoMiyoshiResearch Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment, Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)MasayaSuzukiResearch Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment, Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)YoshihiroKuwaharaDepartment of Environmental Changes, Faculty of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu UniversityIsaoKadotaGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHitoshiChibaGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityBum HanLeeCritical Minerals Research Center, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources (KIGAM)This study investigates nitrogen distribution and isotope fractionation within synthetic 2:1 phyllosilicates, simulating submarine hydrothermal environments at 200 °C and saturated vapor pressure. XRD and EDS results revealed the potential coexistence of multiple cations in the interlayer of synthetic 2:1 phyllosilicate, concurrently suggesting cation substitution in the tetrahedral and/or octahedral sheets. Meanwhile, the iron-enriched 25-5 sample exhibited restricted interlayer expansibility. NH4+ absorptions were identified in the NH4-stretching (3200–2800 cm−1) and NH4-bending (1450–1400 cm−1) regions, with wavenumber shifts indicating the influence of interlayer water removal. At pH 10.56, over 95% of nitrogen was released into the gas phase, while at pH 8.88, nitrogen proportions in the liquid and gas phases were comparable (average 48–49%). Experiments with iron at pH ∼8.80 showed that the nitrogen proportion in the gas phase (average 28%) was more than twofold lower than that in the liquid phase (average 68%). Equilibrium isotope fractionation factors indicated discernible preference for heavier nitrogen isotopes in the solid phase (αsolid-liquid = 1.009–1.021 and αsolid-gas = 1.011–1.027). The αliquid-gas range for sample 25–2 was 1.001–1.008, while that for the iron-enriched composite 25–5 was 0.997–1.010. Our experimental studies have confirmed that, in the absence of exchange interactions with external substances possessing different nitrogen isotope ratios, nitrogen isotope fractionation between ammonium and ammonia, controlled by variations in temperature and pH during mineralization, plays a crucial role in the variation of nitrogen isotope ratios. Additionally, we confirmed that metal-amines influence nitrogen isotope fractionation by modulating ammonia gas emission. These findings enhance our understanding of nitrogen cycling across the gas, liquid, and solid phases in submarine hydrothermal systems.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama1433-785164132025Conduction Band and Defect Engineering for the Prominent Visible‐Light Responsive Photocatalystse202419624ENAkiraYamakataGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKosakuKatoGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTakafumiOgawaNanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center KantaOgawaDepartment of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityMakotoOgawaDepartment of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityDaichiKatoDepartment of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityChengchaoZhongDepartment of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityAkihideKuwabaraNanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics CenterRyuAbeDepartment of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityHiroshiKageyamaDepartment of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityControlling trap depth is crucial to improve photocatalytic activity, but designing such crystal structures has been challenging. In this study, we discovered that in 2D materials like BiOCl and Bi4NbO8Cl, composed of interleaved [Bi2O2]2+ and Cl- slabs, the trap depth can be controlled by manipulating the slab stacking structure. In BiOCl, oxygen vacancies (VO) create deep electron traps, while chlorine vacancies (VCl) produce shallow traps. The depth is determined by the coordination around anion vacancies: VO forms strong σ bonds with Bi-6p dangling bonds below the conduction band minimum (CBM), while those around Cl are parallel, forming weak π-bonding. The strong re-hybridization makes the trap depth deeper. In Bi4NbO8Cl, VCl also creates shallow traps, but VO does not produce deep traps although Bi-6p orbitals are also forming strong σ bonding. This difference is attributed to the difference of the energy level of CBM. In both cases, the CBM consists of Bi-6p orbitals extending into the Cl layers. However, these orbitals are isolated in BiOCl, but those in Bi4NbO8Cl are bonded with each other between neighboring [Bi2O2]2+ layers. This unique bonding-based CBM prevents the formation of deep electron traps, and significantly enhances H2 evolution activity by prolonging the lifetime of highly reactive free electrons.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)Acta Medica Okayama1463-926227182025Deoxygenative dual CO2 conversions: methylenation and switchable N-formylation/N-methylation of tryptamines53595365ENKazutoTakaishiDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHajimeMorishitaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKosukeIwakiDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTadashiEmaDivision of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityThe unprecedented one-pot synthesis of N-formyl/N-methyltryptolines from tryptamines was achieved via phenylsilane-assisted deoxygenative dual CO2 conversions. Two CO2 molecules acted as different synthons and were converted into methylene and N-formyl/N-methyl groups. The CO2 reduction step was catalyzed by a pentanuclear zinc complex at atmospheric pressure under solvent-free conditions. The N-formyl/N-methyl products could be switched by changing the amount of phenylsilane, and the amounts of in situ generated bis(silyl)acetals and silyl formates were key to the chemoselectivity. Methylenation, N-formylation, and N-methylation proceeded via the Pictet–Spengler reaction, amine–acid condensation, and the Eschweiler–Clarke reaction, respectively. The CO2 reduction with phenylsilane could also be applied to the one-pot three-step synthesis of spiro[oxindole-pyrrolidine]s.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.MDPI AGActa Medica Okayama2504-3129642025Drip Fertigation in Greenhouse Eggplant Cultivation: Reducing N2O Emissions and Nitrate Leaching116ENWataruShiraishiKochi Prefectural Agricultural Research CenterShionNishimuraDepartment of Bioresource Production Science, United Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime UniversityMorihiroMaedaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityHidetoUenoDepartment of Bioresource Production Science, United Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime UniversityDrip fertigation (DF) is a sustainable agricultural management technique that optimizes water and nutrient usage, enhances crop productivity, and reduces environmental impact. Herein, we compared the effects of DF and conventional fertilization (CF) with a basal fertilizer on yield, soil inorganic nitrogen dynamics, N2O emissions, and nitrogen leaching during facility-grown eggplant cultivation. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse from September 2023 to May 2024, with treatments arranged in three rows and three replicates. Soil, gas, and water samples were collected and analyzed throughout the growing season. The results revealed that the DF treatment produced yields comparable to those obtained with the CF treatment while significantly reducing nitrogen and phosphorus inputs. DF effectively prevented excessive nitrogen accumulation in the soil and reduced nitrogen loss through leaching and gas emissions. N2O emissions were significantly lower by more than 60% under DF than under CF. Precise nutrient management in DF suppressed nitrification and denitrification processes, mitigating N2O emissions. DF also significantly reduced nitrogen leaching by more than 70% compared with that in CF. These findings demonstrate that DF effectively enhances agricultural sustainability by improving nutrient use efficiency, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and minimizing nitrogen leaching during the cultivation of facility-grown eggplant.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama1479-58762312025Tumor marker–guided precision BNCT for CA19-9–positive cancers: a new paradigm in molecularly targeted chemoradiation therapy1387ENNoriyukiKanehiraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesFuminoriTeraishiDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTomoyukiTajimaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTatsunoriOsoneDepartment of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKazuyoshiGotohDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Health SciencesTakuyaFujimotoDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYoshinoriSakuraiInstitute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto UniversityNatsukoKondoInstitute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto UniversityNarikazuNagahisaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKaoruKameiGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityTaigaFujitaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityAkiraMoriharaGraduate School of Environmental, Life Science, Okayama UniversityYutakaTakaguchiFaculty of Sustainable Design, Department of Material Design and Engineering, University of ToyamaMizukiKitamatsuDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Kindai UniversityTakeshiTakaradaDepartment of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKunitoshiShigeyasuDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesMinoruSuzukiInstitute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto UniversityToshiyoshiFujiwaraDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHiroyukiMichiueNeutron Therapy Research Center, Okayama UniversityBackground: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a molecularly targeted chemoradiation modality that relies on boron delivery agents such as p-borophenylalanine (BPA), which require LAT1 (L-type amino acid transporter 1) for tumor uptake. However, the limited efficacy of BPA in LAT1-low tumors restricts its therapeutic scope. To address this limitation, we developed a tumor marker–guided BNCT strategy targeting cancers overexpressing the clinically validated glycan biomarker CA19-9.<br>
Methods: We conducted transcriptomic analyses using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets to identify LAT1-low cancers with high CA19-9 expression. These analyses revealed elevated expression of fucosyltransferase 3 (FUT3), which underlies CA19-9 biosynthesis, in pancreatic, biliary, and ovarian malignancies. Based on this, we synthesized a novel boron compound, fucose-BSH, designed to selectively accumulate in CA19-9–positive tumors. We evaluated its physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and antitumor efficacy in cell lines and xenograft models, comparing its performance to that of BPA.<br>
Results: Fucose-BSH demonstrated significantly greater boron uptake in CA19-9–positive cell lines (AsPC-1, Panc 04.03, HuCCT-1, HSKTC, OVISE) compared to CA19-9–negative PANC-1. In HuCCT-1 xenografts, boron accumulation reached 36.2 ppm with a tumor/normal tissue ratio of 2.1, outperforming BPA. Upon neutron irradiation, fucose-BSH–mediated BNCT achieved > 80% tumor growth inhibition. Notably, fucose-BSH retained therapeutic efficacy in LAT1-deficient models where BPA was ineffective, confirming LAT1-independent targeting.<br>
Conclusions: This study establishes a novel precision BNCT approach by leveraging CA19-9 as a tumor-selective glycan marker for boron delivery. Fucose-BSH offers a promising platform for expanding BNCT to previously inaccessible LAT1-low malignancies, including pancreatic, biliary, and ovarian cancers. These findings provide a clinically actionable strategy for tumor marker–driven chemoradiation and lay the foundation for translational application in BNCT. This strategy has the potential to support companion diagnostic development and precision stratification in ongoing and future BNCT clinical trials.<br>
Translational Relevance: Malignancies with elevated CA19-9 expression, such as pancreatic, biliary, and ovarian cancers, are associated with poor prognosis and limited response to current therapies. This study presents a tumor marker–guided strategy for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) by leveraging CA19-9 glycan biology to enable selective tumor targeting via fucose-BSH, a novel boron compound. Through transcriptomic data mining and preclinical validation, fucose-BSH demonstrated LAT1-independent boron delivery, potent BNCT-mediated cytotoxicity, and tumor-specific accumulation in CA19-9–positive models. These findings support a precision chemoradiation approach that addresses a critical gap in BNCT applicability, offering a clinically actionable pathway for patient stratification and therapeutic development in CA19-9–expressing cancers.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama2211-546315102025Osmotic pressure‐induced calcium response states17141722ENZidanGaoDepartment of Cardiovascular Physiology, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKeijiNaruseFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Okayama JapanMasatoshiMorimatsuFaculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Okayama JapanOsmotic pressure is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis; however, the mechanisms by which cells sense and respond to acute osmotic stress remain incompletely understood. Here, we applied rapid osmotic pressure stimulation to cultured HEK293T cells and observed dynamic intracellular calcium responses. Acute hypotonic stimulation evoked calcium response patterns, whereas hypertonic and isotonic stress did not elicit similar effects. Mechanistically, these calcium signals originated from the endoplasmic reticulum via ryanodine receptor 2 and propagated to neighboring cells through Connexin 43-mediated gap junctions. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized role for calcium signaling in the acute cellular response to osmotic stress, providing new insights into the mechanisms of intercellular communication during osmotic adaptation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Ceramic Society of JapanActa Medica Okayama1348-653513372025Underwater superoleophobic NaNbO3-based photocatalyst thin films prepared on bare soda-lime glass by sol–gel process393399ENShunsukeNishimotoGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityKazuyaKageyamaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityShusukeEgusaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityYoshikazuKameshimaGraduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama UniversityA self-cleaning flat transparent thin photocatalyst film was prepared on a bare soda-lime glass by a simple method using niobium alkoxide solution, which is a common coating solution for the sol–gel method. The film consisted of crystalline NaNbO3 and Na2Nb2O6·H2O phases. It was suggested that NaNbO3 and Na2Nb2O6·H2O were directly formed between the soda-lime glass and the niobium alkoxide coating solution during the heat treatment. Under UV irradiation, the film surface exhibited low photocatalytic oxidation activity and excellent photo-induced hydrophilicity. The hydrophilic state of the sample was maintained for 1 month in the dark, while the hydrophilicity of TiO2 sample prepared by a sol–gel method was decreased within 5 days in the dark. Additionally, the surface demonstrated excellent underwater oil repellency toward n-hexadecane and oleic acid and the ability to remove the adsorbed oily contaminant in water. These properties were also superior to those of the TiO2 surface.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama1470-160X1772025Long-term effects of forest growth dynamics and climate change on groundwater recharge and evapotranspiration in a steep catchment of western Japan113652ENRendilicha HalakeGuyo Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityKunyangWangGraduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima UniversityShin-ichiOnoderaGraduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima UniversityMitsuyoSaitoGraduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima UniversityToshitsuguMoroizumi Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityGrowing water demand for human and environmental needs has led to increased reliance on groundwater resources. However, groundwater is a finite resource, and its sustainability is closely linked to recharge processes, which are influenced by forest growth dynamics as well as climate change. Evapotranspiration, largely driven by vegetation cover and climatic conditions, represents a major component of terrestrial water loss that can reduce groundwater recharge. In this study, forest growth trends, reflecting the complete developmental stages from juvenile to post-maturity of a representative species, were reconstructed using remote sensing data, forest inventories, and field studies, and incorporated into the SWAT model to evaluate their impacts on groundwater recharge and evapotranspiration as indicators of forest hydrological function and ecosystem health. The model’s vegetation growth simulation was enhanced and uncertainty reduced by dynamically updating it with MODIS-derived leaf area index (LAI) at 5-year intervals. Groundwater recharge estimates were further improved through multi-variable calibration using Penman–Monteith–Leuning evapotranspiration (V2) and streamflow data to ensure water budget closure. Results showed that evergreen conifer growth from planting to maturity significantly reduced groundwater recharge (–4.7 mm/year) and increased evapotranspiration (+7.6 mm/year). In contrast, natural and mature deciduous broadleaf forests showed more stable recharge and evapotranspiration trends. Rising temperatures were identified as a key climatic driver of reduced recharge and increased evapotranspiration, reflecting broader global warming impacts. This study demonstrates that forest growth dynamics, especially during the critical transition from planting to maturity, alongside climate change, play a crucial role in shaping the catchment’s water balance and offer valuable insights for sustainable groundwater management, particularly in transitional forest ecosystems.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.AIP PublishingActa Medica Okayama0021-9606163192025Interplay of coil–globule transitions and aggregation in homopolymer aqueous solutions: Simulation and topological insights191101ENJunichiKomatsuDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama UniversityKenichiroKogaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama UniversityJonasBerxNiels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, University of CopenhagenWe investigate the structural and topological properties of hydrophobic homopolymer chains in aqueous solutions using molecular dynamics simulations and circuit topology (CT) analysis. By combining geometric observables, such as the radius of gyration and the degree of aggregation, with CT data, we capture the relationship between coil–globule and aggregation transitions, resolving the system’s structural changes with temperature. Our results reveal a temperature-driven collective transition from isolated coiled chains to globular aggregates. At a characteristic transition temperature Tc, each chain in multichain systems undergoes a rapid coil–globule collapse, coinciding with aggregation, in contrast to the gradual collapse observed in single-chain systems at infinite dilution. This collective transition is reflected in geometric descriptors and a reorganization of CT motifs, shifting from intrachain-dominated motifs at low temperatures to a diverse ensemble of multichain motifs at higher temperatures. CT motif enumeration provides contact statistics while offering a topologically detailed view of polymer organization. These findings highlight CT’s utility as a structural descriptor for polymer systems and suggest applications for biopolymer aggregation and folding.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Oxford University Press (OUP)Acta Medica Okayama2730-6151512025Proliferation of a bloom-forming phytoplankton via uptake of polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria under phosphate-limiting conditionsycaf192ENSeiyaFukuyamaInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityFumikoUsamiInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityRyuichiHirotaGraduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima UniversityAyanoSatohGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University ShizukaOharaGraduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima UniversityKenKondoResearch Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries , Osaka PrefectureYukiGomibuchiDepartment of Physics and Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of TechnologyTakuoYasunagaDepartment of Physics and Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of TechnologyToshimitsuOndukaHatsukaichi Branch, Fisheries Technology Institute , Fisheries Research and Education AgencyAkioKurodaGraduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima UniversityKazuhikoKoikeGraduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima UniversityShokoUekiInstitute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama UniversityHarmful algal blooms negatively impact the ecosystem and fisheries in affected areas. Eutrophication is a major factor contributing to bloom occurrence, and phosphorus is particularly important in limiting the growth of bloom-forming algae. Although algae efficiently utilize orthophosphate (Pi) as a phosphorous source over other molecular forms, Pi is often limited in the marine environment. While uptake and utilization of soluble inorganic and organic phosphorous by bloom-forming algae has been extensively studied, the details of geochemical and biological phosphorous cycling remain to be elucidated. Here, we report for the first time that the bloom-forming alga Heterosigma akashiwo can phagocytose bacteria and grow under phosphate-depleted conditions. The addition of Vibrio comitans to Pi-depleted H. akashiwo enabled the alga propagate to high cell densities, whereas other bacterial strains had only a minor effect. Importantly, V. comitans accumulates polyphosphate—a linear polymer of Pi—at high levels. The extent of algal proliferation induced by the addition of Vibrio species and polyphosphate-accumulating Escherichia coli correlated strongly with their polyphosphate content, indicating that bacterial polyphosphate served as an alternative PO43− source for H. akashiwo. The direct uptake of polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria through algal phagocytosis may represent a novel biological phosphorous-cycling pathway in marine ecosystems. The role of polyphosphate-accumulating marine bacteria as a hidden phosphorous source required for bloom formation warrants further investigation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama2666-5204262025Characteristics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to cerebrovascular disorders: a nationwide, retrospective, observational study101145ENYoshiyukiUedaOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster MedicineTsuyoshiNojimaOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster MedicineTakafumiObaraOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster MedicineTakashiHongoOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster MedicineTetsuyaYumotoOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster MedicineKoheiTsukaharaOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster MedicineTakashiYorifujiOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of EpidemiologyAtsunoriNakaoOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster MedicineHiromichiNaitoOkayama University Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster MedicineBackground: Data on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) due to cerebrovascular disorders is limited. This study aimed to describe the characteristics, outcomes, and annual trends of outcomes for OHCA originating from cerebrovascular disorders.<br>
Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis using an Utstein-style Japanese National Registry. Adult patients with OHCA due to cerebrovascular disorders and transported to the hospital between 2005 and 2021 were included. The primary outcome was a favorable neurological outcome at 30-day. We analyzed factors associated with outcomes using a multivariable logistic regression model, then evaluated annual trends of outcomes for cerebrovascular-induced OHCA.<br>
Results: Among 2,081,023 OHCA patients, 52,969 had cerebrovascular-induced cardiac arrest. Of these, 1903 (3.5 %) achieved a favorable neurological outcome. In the multivariable logistic regression model, male sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.41, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.20–1.61), initial shockable rhythm (aOR 3.10, 95 % CI 2.18–4.40), witnessed cardiac arrest (aOR 1.92, 95 % CI: 1.57–2.34), and prehospital return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (aOR 11.1, 95 % CI: 9.09–13.5) were associated with favorable neurological outcomes. Prehospital adrenaline administration was negatively associated with favorable neurological outcomes (aOR 0.22, 95 % CI: 0.16–0.30). The proportion of patients with favorable neurological outcomes increased over time, rising from 3.14 % in 2005 to 4.12 % in 2021.<br>
Conclusions: Although OHCA due to cerebrovascular disorders is generally associated with poor neurological outcomes, 3.5 % of the patients with cerebrovascular-induced OHCA in this study had favorable neurological outcomes, with a yearly trend improving over decades. Patient characteristics associated with a higher likelihood of a favorable neurological outcome included prehospital ROSC, initial shockable rhythm, and witnessed cardiac arrest.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama1616-301X2025A Biologically-Architected Wear and Damage-Resistant Nanoparticle Coating From the Radular Teeth of Cryptochiton stellerie21664ENTaifengWangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of CaliforniaYuChenLyles School of Civil and Construction Engineering, Purdue UniversityEzraSarmientoDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of CaliforniaTaigeHaoMaterials and Manufacturing Technologies Program, University of CaliforniaAtsushiArakakiDivision of Biotechnology and Life Science, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology MichikoNemotoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityPabloZavattieriLyles School of Civil and Construction Engineering, Purdue UniversityDavidKisailusDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of CaliforniaNature utilizes simple building blocks to construct mechanically robust materials that demonstrate superior performance under extreme conditions. These exquisite structures result from the controlled synthesis and hierarchical assembly of nanoscale organic and mineral components that have provided critical evolutionary advantages to ensure survival. One such example is the ultrahard radular teeth found in mollusks, which are used to scrape against rock to feed on algae. Here, it is reported that the leading edges of these teeth consist of a wear-resistant coating that is comprised of densely packed ≈65 nm magnetic nanoparticles integrated within an organic matrix of chitin and protein. These mesocrystalline magnetite-based structures are assembled from smaller, highly aligned nanocrystals with inter/intracrystalline organics introduced during the crystallization process. Nanomechanical testing reveals that this multi-scale, nano-architected coating has a combination of increased hardness and a slight decrease in modulus versus geologic magnetite provides the surface of the chiton tooth with superior abrasion resistance. The mesocrystalline structures fracture at primary domain interfaces, corroborated by computational models, providing significant toughening to the tooth under extreme contact stresses. The design features revealed provide insight for the design and fabrication of next-generation advanced wear- and impact-resistant coatings for tooling, machinery, wind turbines, armor, etc.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2045-23221512025Association between gestational age and child health and neurodevelopment in twins from a nationwide longitudinal survey in Japan40608ENKeiTamaiDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNaomiMatsumotoDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityAkihitoTakeuchiDivision of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical CenterMakotoNakamuraDivision of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical CenterMisaoKageyamaDivision of Neonatology, NHO Okayama Medical CenterTakashiYorifujiDepartment of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityDespite previous research, evidence on the relationship between gestational age and long-term health and neurodevelopmental outcomes among twins remains limited. Using data from the Longitudinal Survey of Babies in the 21st Century, we analyzed 549 twins born in Japan in 2010. The twins were grouped by gestational age: <32 weeks (very preterm), 32–36 weeks (moderately and late preterm), and 37–38 weeks (early term). The health status was evaluated by hospitalization between 0.5 and 5.5 years, and behavioral development was assessed using questionnaires at 2.5 and 5.5 years. Binomial log-linear regression with generalized estimating equations accounted for within-pair correlations and adjusted for child and parental variables. Moderately and late preterm children showed a higher risk of all-cause hospitalization during infancy than early-term children (adjusted risk ratio, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0–2.6). Very preterm children showed a higher point estimate of the risk ratio, but a wide CI (risk ratio, 2.3; 95% CI, 0.8–6.8). Behavioral delays were more common in preterm groups at 2.5 years but not at 5.5 years. Preterm twins have a higher risk of hospitalization during infancy and developmental delay at 2.5 years than early-term twins. These risks show an increasing trend as gestational age decreases.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Springer Science and Business Media LLCActa Medica Okayama2168-818417102025Association of Use of GRADE, Protocol Registration, and Journal Impact Factor With Reporting and Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews Published in Rehabilitation Journals: A Meta-Epidemiological Studye95695ENTakahiroTsugeDepartment of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNorioYamamotoSystematic Reviewers, Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG)YosukeTomitaPhysical Therapy, Faculty of Health Care, Takasaki University of Health and WelfareAkikazuHagiyamaDepartment of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityDaijoShiratsuchiPhysical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima UniversityMasatsuguOkamuraSystematic Reviewers, Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG)TakaoKanekoRehabilitation, Yamagata Prefectural Central HospitalKosukeSuzukiRehabilitation, Yamagata Saisei HospitalYukiNakashimaSystematic Reviewers, Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG)ShunsukeTaitoSystematic Reviewers, Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG)TakashiYorifujiDepartment of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityThis study aimed to identify factors associated with the reporting and methodological quality of systematic reviews (SRs) published in rehabilitation journals. We conducted a meta-epidemiological study as a secondary analysis of a previous study. The study protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework. We analyzed 219 SRs from rehabilitation journals published since 2020. We assessed reporting quality using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 and methodological quality using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2. Multiple linear regression and Spearman's correlation were used to identify factors associated with quality, including Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and the Journal Impact Factor (JIF). Multivariate analysis revealed PRISMA 2020 adherence was significantly associated with use of GRADE (β = 4.33; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.24-5.42), protocol registration (β = 3.40; 95% CI: 2.32-4.47), and the JIF (2023) (β = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.42-0.95). AMSTAR 2 adherence was also significantly associated with use of GRADE (β = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.88-3.17), protocol registration (β = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.44-2.70), and the JIF (2023) (β = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.14-0.45). Weak positive correlations were observed between the JIF (2023) and both PRISMA 2020 and AMSTAR 2 adherence (ρ = 0.27 and ρ = 0.22, respectively; both P < 0.01). It should be noted that these findings reflect associations and do not imply causality. To enhance the quality of SRs in rehabilitation, researchers should prioritize adherence to PRISMA 2020, particularly the use of GRADE and protocol registration, which this study identified as key associated factors.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama1349-00796812026Dynamin 2 is involved in osteoblast migration by regulating the organization of F-actin100720ENTakumiMoriyaDepartment of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityA.SurongDepartment of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNanamiTatsumiDepartment of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHiroshiYamadaDepartment of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityFumikoTakemotoDepartment of Orthodontics, Okayama University HospitalHiroshiKamiokaDepartment of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityHirohikoOkamuraDepartment of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityMikaIkegameDepartment of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityObjectives: Dynamin, a GTPase that regulates membrane dynamics, has recently been implicated in actin cytoskeletal remodeling. This study aimed to elucidate the role of dynamin in osteoblast migration by examining the effects of dynamin inhibition on the localization and organization of F-actin and dynamin 2 in MC3T3-E1 cells.<br>
Methods: MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with dynamin inhibitors (Dyngo 4a and Dynole 34-2), and cell migration was assessed using a wound-healing assay. Fluorescent staining was performed to analyze the intracellular localization of F-actin and dynamin 2.<br>
Results: Dynamin inhibition significantly reduced the migration of MC3T3-E1 cells. Fluorescence analysis revealed a marked decrease in the accumulation and colocalization of F-actin and dynamin 2 at the protrusion edge. Additionally, dynamin inhibition suppressed the formation of lamellipodia and stress fibers while promoting the appearance of abnormal F-actin clusters in the cytoplasm.<br>
Conclusions: These findings suggest that dynamin plays an essential role in osteoblast migration by regulating actin cytoskeletal remodeling, particularly through the formation of lamellipodia and stress fibers.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025未利用資源の乳酸菌発酵による高付加価値化と化粧品原料への応用ENKanakoMATSUNAGAOkayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025田上菊舎の詩諧研究ENMENGHUANLIGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Settlement Archaeology and Population Dynamics in KibiENWEST STEPHEN BRANDONGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025日本語の会話における接続詞「で」についてENYANGLIUGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025A Study on the Significance of Global Leadership Development Programs in Japanese High Schools : Based on Interviews with LearnersENYUGAOGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025初回がん薬物療法を受ける進行期非小細胞肺がん患者のQOLの推移ENTakakoHIRAMATSUGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025脳卒中右片麻痺者の非利き手による書字練習初期の習熟に対する主観的評価の様相ENMakiDAITOGraduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025大規模ネットワークにおける多重故障の高速迂回に関する研究ENHERINIAINA Joseph Hermann DorisGraduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Research on antiyeast effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 3121M0sENMd. Bakhtiar LijonGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Studies on the functional roles of γδ T cells in the early phase of acute avian coccidiosisENLE VIET QUANGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Morphological/developmental characteristics and oxidative stress resilience of porcine oocytes derived from antral follicles with various diameters and classified by brilliant cresyl blue stainingENVAN NGOC PHONGGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025山口県育成小輪系ユリ切花の安定的周年供給体系の確立に関する研究ENYukoFUKUMITSUGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025A capsidless (+)RNA yadokarivirus hosted by a dsRNA victorivirus is infectious as particles, cDNA, and dsRNAENMUHAMMAD FADLIGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025イネおよびオオムギのイオン透過性アクアポリンにおける構造と透過機能の連関の分子生理学的研究ENShuntaroONOGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Study on Carbon Dioxide Transport Mechanisms of Plant Plasma Membrane-Intrinsic Protein 2 AquaporinsENSHAILA SHERMIN TANIAGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Structural insights into chloroplast membrane remodeling: The role of VIPP1 oligomers in vascular plantsENSARAH WANJIRU GACHIEGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Functional characterization of a guard cell Ca2+ channel CNGC2 involved in regulation of stomatal movement in Arabidopsis thalianaENROJINA AKTERGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Involvement of myrosinases in stomatal closure in ArabidopsisENKADRI OUMAIMAGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Roles of reactive carbonyl species in salt-stressed riceENFARUK HOSSAIN KHANGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Potentiation of the benzyl isothiocyanate-induced apoptosis by regulation of its metabolismENRUITONGSUNGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Pair of cis-trans isomers as novel asteltoxin analogs with a hydroxylated α-pyrone moiety produced by solid-state fermentation of Pochonia suchlasporia TAMA 87ENNGUYEN THI KHANH NGOCGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Strategic Orientation for Developing Municipal Solid Waste Management System towards Sound Material-Cycle Society - A Case Study of Central VietnamENLE DINH CUONGGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Adoption of VietGAP and Distribution Channel Selection: A Study of Vegetable Production Farmers in VietnamENLE VIET LINHGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF ABACA FARMERS’ HABITUS IN THE RISK ENVIRONMENT OF CATANDUANES, PHILIPPINESENNICCA AIRA AREVALO MARQUEZGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Protected Areas and Their Effects on Local Communities: Insights from VietnamENMAI THI KHANH VANGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Application of machine learning methods to geotechnical designs based on data-driven probabilistic frameworkENMengluHUANGGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Influences of land-use changes and water management strategies for water availability of coffee cultivation in the Srepok River Watershed, VietnamENTRUONG THAO SAMGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025A Comparative SPI-Based Assessment of Drought Tendencies across Inland, Coastal, and Remote Island Zones of the Mekong Delta Region, VietnamENYuTSUHAGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Spatiotemporal Evolution of Forest Carbon Storage under the Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics Using Multi-Source Remotely Sensed Data and Hybrid Models in the Central Coastal Region of VietnamENHO VIET HOANGGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Improving sediment microbial fuel cells for water quality control in shrimp pond drainages in Central VietnamENNGUYEN TU UYENGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025３次元モデルの利用による港湾施工管理の効率化のための測深技術の開発ENHiromiNAKAHARAGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025道路法面の3次元点群データに基づく変状抽出手法の確立と実用化に関する研究ENYujiHOSHINOGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025サイドプランジ研削における研削温度の実験的検討とクーラント供給の最適化ENLingxiaoGaoGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama universityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Lightweight Deep Learning-Based Intrusion Detection System for Deployment on Raspberry PiENMUHAMMAD BISRI MUSTHAFAGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama universityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Integrated Kerberos-Blockchain Authentication Framework for Securing Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network ENMAYA RAHAYUGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama universityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025A Blockchain-Based PGP Key Sharing Mechanism for Secure Email Communication ENMD. BIPLOB HOSSAINGraduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama universityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025The Origin of Stroma Influences the Biological Characteristics of Oral Squamous Cell CarcinomaENHarukaOMORIGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Importance of Blood Glucose Measurement for Predicting the Prognosis of Long COVID：A Retrospective Study in JapanENShoYOKOYAMAGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Trends in childhood obesity in Japan: A nationwide observational study from 2012 to 2021ENShintaroFUJIWARAGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Manifestation of Headache Affecting Quality of Life in Long COVID PatientsENKanaSASAI (FUJITA)Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Impact of Lifestyle Changes on Body Weight Gain During Nationwide Lockdown Due to COVID-19 PandemicENChisaNISHIDAGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Examination of yield, bacteriolytic activity and cold storage of linker deletion mutants based on endolysin S6_ORF93 derived from Staphylococcus giant bacteriophage S6ENSosukeMUNETOMOGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Cancer‑associated fibroblasts promote pro‑tumor functions of neutrophils in pancreatic cancer via IL‑8: potential suppression by pirfenidonENTomohikoYAGIGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025HIF‐PH inhibitors induce pseudohypoxia in T cells and suppress the growth of microsatellite stable colorectal cancer by enhancing antitumor immune responsesENYUEHUACHENGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Novel treatment strategy targeting interleukin-6 induced by cancer associated fibroblasts for peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancerENEmaMITSUIGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Single-cell and spatial characterization of plasmablast-like lymphoma cells in primary central nervous system lymphomaENHirokiKOBAYASHIGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor inhibitor augments osimertinib-induced anti-tumor immunity via suppression of macrophages in lung cancer harboring EGFR mutationENSachiOKAWAGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Osteosarcoma cell–derived CCL2 facilitates lung metastasis via accumulation of tumor-associated macrophagesENHiroyaKONDOGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Grafting Islets to a Prevascularized Subcutaneous Site to Improve Transplant Survival and Function: A Mouse ModelENTsuyoshiOKADAGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama2025Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder prognosis and its relation with autism spectrum disorder in Japanese childrenENChieTANAKAGraduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231902025令和６年度岡山御津高等学校「キャリア実習」における家庭科授業の実践と検討157169ENFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityChikaHASEGAWAOkayama Mitsu Senior High School10.18926/bgeou/69619 本実践研究は，「高等学校の教育課程」の「エ 学校特設科目及び学校設定教科」の中で，岡山県立岡山御津高等学校が独自に設定している教科「総合」の中の一科目「キャリア実習」に焦点を当て，令和６年度に実施した地域協働系列２年次の「キャリア実習」における家庭科授業を分析・評価し，令和７年度に地域協働系列３年次生が履修する「キャリア実習」の在り方を検討すると共に，本校の家庭科の学びについて考えるための示唆を得ることを目的とした。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231902025岡山大学教育学部教育実践力向上カリキュラムにおける初等家庭科内容基礎の実践 ― 2024 年度実践結果と教科内容構成力の継続的育成の検討 ―139148ENYokoSHINOHARAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityMiyukiHISANARI,Faculty of Education, Okayama UniversityChiharuMORIFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityKyoungwonLEEFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/69617 岡山大学教育学部において教育実践力向上カリキュラムが始動し2 年目となる2024 年度「初等家庭科内容基礎」の実践について，学生のアンケート結果から新しいカリキュラムにおける授業評価と教科内容構成力育成の課題を検討した．授業の到達目標に係る学生の自己評価は高く，教科内容構成要素との関係から，教科内容構成力のプロセス①に係る基礎的な力は獲得できていた．授業に意欲的に取り組んだグループは授業全体の満足度が高かった．授業後は家庭科の教育内容を指導者の視点から認識できている学生が多く見られ，指導法で学ぶ家庭科の授業つくりに繋がる学修となっていることが分かった．No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231902025創造性・STEAM 教育を基にした Creative Educator 育成プログラムに関する基礎研究Ⅱ ― CE コンピテンシーの整理を通した教育実践ロールモデル構築に向けて ―127137ENAiMATSUURAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityYoshiakiTUTUMIKushiro Compulsory Education School, Hokkaido University of Education Late CourseChandeSONOsaka Kyoiku University Tennoji Junior High SchoolHitoshiKIMURAShiga University Faculty of Education Elementary SchoolTetsuoKIYOTAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityYoshihikoINADAFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/69616 創造性とSTEAM 教育を基盤としたCreative Educator（ CE）育成プログラムに関する研究では，CE を「身体的な感受や経験を通して創造性教育を担う教員」と定義し，その育成に必要なコンピテンシーを「身体的思考」「空間的思考」「批判的対話」「創造的な態度」とした。そこで本論では，授業における創造性育成の要素として四つ挙げ，創造性に関する先行研究を整理した。その結果，創造性の研究において四つの要素を以下の通り捉えられることを確認した。①身体を通した予期せぬ刺激「想定外」は，身体化された認知や素材との相互作用から生じる新しい思考を促す。②他者との関係性を意識した「場づくり」は，対話や協働を通して創造性を育む。③空間的思考に基づく「可視化」は，視覚情報の統合や変換により創造的イメージを支える。④「チャレンジ」は，自律的意思決定や創造的自信を高め，潜在的創造力の発揮を促す。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231902025小学校政治学習における模擬市長選挙プログラムの開発 ―「 政策カード」を活用した公約づくりと模擬選挙の提案 ―8594ENToshinoriKUWABARAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityKeisukeIWASAKIFaculty of Education, Kagoshima UniversityMasatoKAWAZOEMinamisatsuma Kinpo Gakuen10.18926/bgeou/69613 本稿は、小学校の政治学習における主権者教育の一例として、「政策カード」を活用した立候補型の模擬市長選挙プログラムを開発し、その実践を通した教育的意義や課題について明らかにするものである。はじめに、小学校政治学習における模擬選挙の実践例を概観し、立候補型の模擬選挙である長瀬（2021）の実践に注目した。その上で、児童の政策立案の質を高めるための工夫として「政策カード」を用いたエリシテーションを取り入れるプログラムを開発し、小学校6 年生の政治単元で実践した。実践結果から、本プログラムは、児童が政策を立案する側に立って自治体の将来を考えることができるという点や、多様な声を反映させるという政治の難しさを体験的に理解できるという点で意義があったが、政策立案活動の真正性や投票規準の明確化に関して、教師の指導やプログラム自体の改善を進める必要があることが明らかになった。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231902025制作者と造形物の対話を捉える「記号学」に基づいた視点の研究 ― ソシュールと丸山圭三郎の理論に基づく質的な考察のための文献の検討 ―7383ENShuyaOHIRAFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/69612 本研究では，制作者が造形行為の過程で実践する造形物との対話に着目し，造形行為において制作者に経験される学びを捉え質的に考察するための視点を， 丸山が解説するソシュール(Ferdinand de Saussure)の「記号学」と，「記号学」に基づいた丸山の理論に立ち検討した。まず，「記号学」の基礎概念の1 つとして，「表現」を示す「シニフィアン」と，その「表現」に結び付いた「意味」を示す「シニフィエ」から成る「記号」の構造を文献により検討した。次に，丸山の理論の中で，「無意識から噴出」される力としての「欲動」と，その「欲動」を捉える「深層」の「言葉」の能力である「パトス」，及び「表層」の「言葉」の能力である「ロゴス」の関係を文献により検討した。「記号」の構造と丸山の理論に基づき，制作者が造形行為の過程で実践する造形物との対話を捉える視点を研究成果として提示した。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231902025聴覚障害児の社会性と情緒の発達に関する現状と課題 ― これまでの教育実践と文献をもとに ―6371ENChitoseOKADAFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/69611 聴覚障害児を取り巻く状況は大きく変化してきているが，依然として諸課題の克服がなされているとは言い難い。その一つが「社会性と情緒の発達」である。「きこえない」がために，言語発達が遅れ，コミュニケーション障害をもたらし，さらに心理的問題等を生じるという深刻な二次的，三次的障害を引き起こす恐れがある。教師や保護者は，聴児が苦も無く行う「偶発学習」を意図的，計画的に促す必要がある。また，保護者は，早期からコミュニケーションの困難さを克服する努力を開始し，子どもの心に寄り添いながら，「言語的過保護」の状態を避けつつ様々な情報を丁寧に伝えていく必要がある。教師は，これらを常に意識しながら聴覚障害児と保護者双方の支援にあたり，多様な方法から実態に合うコミュニケーション方法を選択して指導に取り組み，社会性や情緒，さらに生きる力を育む必要がある。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231902025安全を脅かすチームワークの崩壊とその関連要因の探索 ― 高信頼性チームの機能に着目して ―4761ENRyoMISAWAFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityNaokoHASEGAWAFaculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bunkyo University10.18926/bgeou/69610 本研究は，産業現場の安全を脅かす潜在的なリスクとしてチームワークの崩壊兆候に着目し，その特徴と高信頼性チーム（HRT）の機能，および組織環境要因との関連を実証的に検討した。安全活動への参加経験を持つ就業者357 名から得られたWeb 調査の回答を分析した。チームワークの崩壊兆候は「協調の失敗」と「修正の失敗」の2 因子に整理され，いずれもHRT 機能の発揮と負の関連を示した。また組織環境要因の安全風土やSafety Organizing は崩壊兆候の抑制に，学習のボトルネック認知はその増加に寄与していた。さらに，HRT 機能は個別よりも複合的に発揮されることで，チームの協働作業の円滑化・安定化に資する可能性が示唆された。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231902025３つの自己表現の比較を通してみたアサーティブな自己表現の特徴 ― 教育的介入を目指した４つの変数の比較を通して ―3345ENTazukoAOKIFaculty of Education, Okayama UniversityYoshinoTSURUOkayama Municipal Fukuda Elementary SchoolKazuhiroYASUNAGAFaculty of Education, Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/69609 グローバル化，多様性が拡大する社会では，適切に自己を表現する方法の獲得が重要になるのではなかろうか。本研究では，このアサーティブな自己表現の獲得を促す教育的介入を目指して，3 つのタイプの自己表現（攻撃的な自己表現，非主張的な自己表現，アサーティブな自己表現）を比較して，アサーティブな自己表現の特徴を明らかにすることを目指す。先行研究を参考に，これらの自己表現を区別する指標として，評価への敏感さ，被受容感，視点取得，自尊感情を取り上げた。180 人の大学生を対象に調査を行い，分析を行った結果，アサーティブな自己表現には視点取得と自尊感情が関係していることが示された。他方で被主張的な自己表現は，評価への敏感さと被受容感との関係が見られた。攻撃的な自己表現は，視点取得との負の関係が見られた。これらの結果から，教育現場で児童生徒が適切に自己表現できるように促すためには，子供の存在を認め，自尊感情を高めること，他者の視点を配慮する意識を育てること，そして，周囲の評価を気にし過ぎないように促すことが重要である可能性が示唆された。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院教育学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1883-24231902025教職員研修の評価と改善に関する予備的考察 ― NITS 岡山大学センターの学校事務職員研修の事例から ―111ENKazuakiKAJIIFaculty of Education，Okayama UniversityMakikoKANAGAWAFaculty of Education，Okayama UniversityAtsushiTAKASEFaculty of Education，Okayama University10.18926/bgeou/69607 教職員研修を研修転移という問題関心から検討し，学習内容の現場実践を促す研修に向けた評価と改善について予備的考察を行う。NITS 岡山大学センターで実施する学校事務職員研修を事例に検討を試みるものである。事例では，受講者は研修に対する反応として，高い満足度や関連度，有用度，自己効力感を示していた。その反応と学習の転移として，現場での行動の変化が重要となる。管理職へのアンケートから，受講者における現場での研修内容の具体的活用は，部分的にとどまるが，実践例が認められた。そして，研修が受講者の行動変化や現場での成果創出を促すものとなるため，教職員と管理職による協働探究的関係の形成が重要となることを展望的に論じる。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.WileyActa Medica Okayama1085-32782025Enhancing Soil Aggregation and Water Retention by Applying Kaolinite Clay to Post‐Tin‐Mined Land on Belitung Island, IndonesiaENHirmas F.PutraGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYasushiMoriGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityPost-mining sandy soils have low water retention, which causes soil particle separation and persistent soil erosion. Although organic matter is commonly used for soil restoration, it is lightweight, washes away during heavy rain, and decomposes under strong sunlight. The high potential for extreme rainfall events in tropical regions poses significant challenges to restoration projects. Therefore, we investigated the impact of kaolinite clay particles on enhancing soil stability in post-mining sandy soils. Soil samples were collected from three sites representing different succession stages of post-mined land (0, 1, and 6 years since mining cessation) and an adjacent natural forest as the reference site on Belitung Island, Indonesia. Soil samples were treated with 1% or 5% kaolinite or left untreated (control) and incubated at 34°C to mimic the local conditions of the study area. The samples were then analyzed to determine the soil aggregate distribution, water holding capacity, and soil erodibility, and SEM imaging was performed to examine the soil particle morphology. The results revealed an increasing trend in the silt-sized aggregate content and a 2%–5% increase in water retention in the 6-year soils relative to the untreated soils. The highest water retention was observed in the 6-year post-mining soil sample. Kaolinite amendment significantly reduced soil erodibility by 40%–50% compared to the untreated soils, even in the early restoration period (0–1 year post-mining). Kaolinite improved soil aggregation and water retention in post-mining sandy soils while reducing soil erodibility—highlighting its potential for accelerating land restoration in mining-affected areas.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Elsevier BVActa Medica Okayama0341-81622542025Cellulose nanofibers boost soil water availability, plant growth, and irrigation water use efficiency under deficit irrigation108998ENAn ThuyNgoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityManh CongNguyenNong Lam UniversityMorihiroMaedaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYasushiMoriGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityUnder climate change, even previously rainfall-prone areas may experience droughts, and effective strategies are vital for soil conservation. Owing to their cutting-edge water absorption and storage properties, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) are expected to increase soil water availability and help plants resist water stress. However, the role of CNF in improving plant growth and soil water retention under various irrigation regimes is not yet known. We evaluated the effects of CNFs on plant available water (PAW), germination, plant growth, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under both adequate and deficit irrigation conditions. Plant cultivation experiments were conducted using different CNF dosages (0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0%), irrigation levels (I100, I50, and I25), and soil types (sandy and silty loam). The results indicated that CNF significantly increased field capacity (FC) and PAW in both soil types, with PAW in CNF-amended soils increasing by up to 110% and 88% in sandy and silty loam soil, respectively, at 1% CNF dosage. In germination tests, CNF showed no phytotoxicity and supported the germination process during water stress, with enhancements of up to 64% and 163% at I50 and up to 125% and 214% at I25 in germination percentage and germination index, respectively. Plant growth experiments revealed that CNF addition helped plants resist water stress, maintaining plant height and weight close to those under full irrigation, while using 50% less water. IWUE analyses demonstrated that CNF enhanced IWUE, with increases of up to 56% under sufficient watering (I100), 169% under moderate water stress (I50), and 120% under severe water stress (I25), at 1% CNF dosage. These findings highlight the potential of CNF as a multifaceted amendment, offering practical solutions for addressing water scarcity challenges and contributing to more resilient and sustainable agricultural practices.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.