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ID 70261
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Title Alternative
The 1998 Amendment to the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Act and the Classification of Income from Gains and Losses on Foreign Currency Transactions: How Did the Amendment of 1998 Affect Income Classification?
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Author
Nakagawa, Yoshiyuki
Abstract
 1998年の外国為替及び外国貿易管理法の改正(以降,外国為替及び外国貿易法に改名)により,それまで外国為替公認銀行に原則として限られていた外国為替取引が,あらゆる企業及び個人に解放され,自由に行うことができるようになった。
 本稿は,まず課税当局の「外国通貨の譲渡による損益は雑所得に該当する」との見解の判断根拠を,国会における政府参考人答弁及び東京地裁令和5年3月9日判決から読み解き,そのうえで,1998年の法改正により外国通貨取引が対外及び国内において何人も自由に行うことができるようになったことから,外国通貨は支払手段として言わば価値の尺度として機能するようになり,資産の値上がり,値下がりを観念することができなくなった結果として,その譲渡による所得区分が譲渡所得から雑所得へと変化したとの結論を導くものである。
抄録(別言語)
 The 1998 amendment to the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Act( subsequently renamed the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Act) liberalized foreign exchange transactions, which had previously been restricted in principle to authorized foreign exchange banks. This amendment allowed all companies and individuals to freely conduct such transactions.
 This paper first examines the basis for the tax authorities' view that "gains or losses from foreign currency transfers constitute miscellaneous income," drawing from government witness testimony in the Diet and the Tokyo District Court judgement of March 9, 2023. Then it concludes that the 1998 legal amendment, by enabling anyone to freely conduct foreign currency transactions both internationally and domestically, transformed foreign currency into a means of payment functioning as a measure of value. Consequently, it became impossible to conceptualize foreign currency as an asset subject to appreciation or depreciation, leading to the reclassification of income from its transfer from capital gains to miscellaneous income.
Note
論説 (Articles)
Publication Title
Okayama Economic Review
Published Date
2026-03-18
Volume
volume57
Issue
issue3
Publisher
岡山大学経済学会
Publisher Alternative
The Economic Association of Okayama University
Start Page
1
End Page
10
ISSN
2433-4146
NCID
AN00032897
Content Type
Journal Article
OAI-PMH Set
岡山大学
language
Japanese
Copyright Holders
Copyright © 2026 岡山大学経済学会
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