result 23534 件
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/bgeou/62431 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Perceived Value of Appropriate Vocalization for Type of Song – An Analysis of Listening Evaluation of Elementary School Students – |
| FullText URL | bgeou_177_65_76.pdf |
| Author | Hayakawa, Rinko| Fujii, Kanako| |
| Abstract | The purpose of this study was to analyze the listening evaluation of elementary school students regarding their perceived value of appropriate vocalization for each type of song. Two strikingly different songs were selected: (1) "Hinomaru"， the educational song and (2) "Lift Your Palms Toward the Sun", a very familiar and popular song among Japanese children in and outside of Japan. In terms of vocalization, we conducted listening evaluation by presenting students with each song or sound source based on three frames of reference: (1) natural voice, (2) falsetto, and (3) sound created by artificial-voice technology. Most students perceived that the use of falsetto was suitable for "Hinomaru", while higher appropriateness scores tended to be dispersed in either natural voice or falsetto for "Let＇s Put Our Palm to the Sunshine." Interestingly, for "Hinomaru", the number of students who reported the use of falsetto as more appropriate increased for older students in higher school years. We peculate that this trend may be the outcome of their learning vocalization in elementary school. |
| Keywords | perceived value of vocalization type of song listening evaluation elementary school students |
| Publication Title | Bulletin of Graduate School of Education, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 2021-08-26 |
| Volume | volume177 |
| Start Page | 65 |
| End Page | 76 |
| ISSN | 1883-2423 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/bgeou/62430 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | bgeou_177_55_63.pdf |
| Author | Kawasaki, Kousaku| |
| Abstract | 本稿では，総合的な学習の時間における小学校プログラミング教育に関する国内の先行研究を収集・整理し，研究の成果や課題を明らかにすることを目的とした。まず，収集したプログラミング教育に関する先行研究を「実践研究」，「調査研究（教員）」，「教員養成・教師教育研究」，「実践・研究動向研究」，「システム開発研究」，「意義研究」の6 観点に分類した。そして，とりわけ「実践研究」，「調査研究（教員）」，「教員養成・教師教育研究」の3観点に着目し，それぞれの成果や課題を明らかにした。また，プログラミングに関する知識・技能やプログラミング的思考といった児童・生徒の実態について調査を行っている研究，いわゆる「調査研究（児童・生徒）」に分類される研究がみられないことも課題として明らかになった。 |
| Keywords | プログラミング学習 超スマート社会 Society 5.0 レビュー |
| Publication Title | Bulletin of Graduate School of Education, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 2021-08-26 |
| Volume | volume177 |
| Start Page | 55 |
| End Page | 63 |
| ISSN | 1883-2423 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/bgeou/62429 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Study on Significance and Methods of Introducing Practical Social Cooperation Courses into the Teacher Training Curriculum: On the Basis of the Practice of a Class Focusing on Dialogue with Local Community People. |
| FullText URL | bgeou_177_43_53.pdf |
| Author | Kuwabara, Toshinori| |
| Abstract | 本研究は，教員養成カリキュラムに地域社会との連携に基づく実践的な科目を導入することの意義と方法について，岡山大学教育学部での実践をふまえて論じるものである。全国の大学において，講義中心ではなく学生の主体性を重んじる課題解決型の授業や，地域社会と連携した体験型の授業が増えてきている。また，教員養成においても，学校での体験が重視され，インターンシップが導入され始めるなどの動きが見られるようになった。両者の流れは同じように見えて，教員養成においては体験が学校に限定されている点が異なっている。教員養成という目的の下では，実践や体験の場が学校に限定されるのは当然のようにも思われるが，本研究では，教員養成においても学校外の実践や体験が必要であることを論じたうえで，その考え方に基づいて構想，実践した科目の報告を行う。報告を通して，教員の養成にも学校内だけではなく学校外の実践体験が重要であることを論じていきたい。 |
| Keywords | 教員養成 地域社会 社会連携 実践型授業 |
| Publication Title | Bulletin of Graduate School of Education, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 2021-08-26 |
| Volume | volume177 |
| Start Page | 43 |
| End Page | 53 |
| ISSN | 1883-2423 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/bgeou/62427 |
|---|---|
| Title Alternative | Relevance between “Physical Body” and “Health” Field of Childcare Contents in Froebel’s “Edsucation of the Human Being” (4th report) : by Focusing on “Section 3 Human Being as a Boy” |
| FullText URL | bgeou_177_13_33.pdf |
| Author | Takahashi, Toshiyuki| Baba, Noriko| Mimura, Yukari| Tsushima, Aiko| |
| Abstract | 本論は，F.フレーベル［1782-1852］の著書『人間の教育』（1826）「第三篇 少年としての人間」の論述に関して，「幼児の活動と身体遊戯」「身体の堕落」「人間の本質としての善」「衝動と身体」等について，その現代的意味を保育内容「健康」領域との関連性において考察した。フレーベルが述べた「幼児の活動と身体遊戯」に関する著述に関しては，「走る」「球技（ボール遊び）」「鬼ごっこ（鬼遊び）」に関連性が見られるものの，「打ち合う」「相撲」「戦争ごっこ」「狩猟ごっこ」に関しては，幼児教育関係告示文や『小学校学習指導要領』を見る限り，関連性は確認できなかった。一連の研究は，本論（第四報）で打ち切りにするため，第一報から第四報の総括をした。 |
| Keywords | フレーベル 『人間の教育』 身体 保育内容 「健康」領域 |
| Publication Title | Bulletin of Graduate School of Education, Okayama University |
| Published Date | 2021-08-26 |
| Volume | volume177 |
| Start Page | 13 |
| End Page | 33 |
| ISSN | 1883-2423 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| Title Alternative | The Genealogy of Consensualism in International Legal Scholarship ⑴ : Lassa Oppenheim’s Common Consent Theory Revisited |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | olj_71_1_1_64.pdf |
| Author | Oguri, Hirofumi| |
| Publication Title | Okayama Law Journal |
| Published Date | 2021-08-31 |
| Volume | volume71 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Start Page | 1 |
| End Page | 64 |
| ISSN | 0386-3050 |
| language | Japanese |
| File Version | publisher |
| NAID | 120007147385 |
| FullText URL | fulltext20210915.pdf |
|---|---|
| Author | Hyodo, Kiwamu| |
| Note | This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Journal of General Plant Pathology. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-021-01022-9 This fulltext is available in Sep. 2022.| |
| Published Date | 2021-8-31 |
| Publication Title | Journal of General Plant Pathology |
| Volume | volume87 |
| Issue | issue6 |
| Publisher | Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
| Start Page | 415 |
| End Page | 417 |
| ISSN | 1345-2630 |
| NCID | AA11449093 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| OAI-PMH Set | 岡山大学 |
| Copyright Holders | © 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. |
| File Version | author |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10327-021-01022-9 |
| Related Url | isVersionOf https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-021-01022-9 |
| FullText URL | fulltext20210914-1.pdf figures20210914-1.pdf |
|---|---|
| Author | Higuchi, Hitoshi| Takaya-Ishida, Kumiko| Miyake, Saki| Fujimoto, Maki| Nishioka, Yukiko| Maeda, Shigeru| Miyawaki, Takuya| |
| Note | This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Elsevier. © 2021 The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 License.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.This is the accepted manuscript version. The formal published version is available at [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2021.04.004] .| |
| Published Date | 2021-9 |
| Publication Title | Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery |
| Volume | volume79 |
| Issue | issue9 |
| Publisher | Elsevier BV |
| Start Page | 1842 |
| End Page | 1850 |
| ISSN | 0278-2391 |
| NCID | AA10628202 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| OAI-PMH Set | 岡山大学 |
| Copyright Holders | © 2021 The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon |
| File Version | author |
| PubMed ID | 34022138 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.joms.2021.04.004 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000691194500011 |
| Related Url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2021.04.004 |
| FullText URL | fulltext.pdf |
|---|---|
| Author | Kondo, Hideki| Yoshida, Naoto| Fujita, Miki| Maruyama, Kazuyuki| Hyodo, Kiwamu| Hisano, Hiroshi| Tamada, Tetsuo| Andika, Ida Bagus| Suzuki, Nobuhiro| |
| Keywords | Betaflexiviridae quinvirus bymovirus yellow mosaic disease wheat virome soil borne variants |
| Published Date | 2021-08-19 |
| Publication Title | Frontiers In Microbiology |
| Volume | volume12 |
| Publisher | Frontiers Media SA |
| Start Page | 715545 |
| ISSN | 1664-302X |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| OAI-PMH Set | 岡山大学 |
| Copyright Holders | © 2021 Kondo, Yoshida, Fujita, Maruyama, Hyodo, Hisano, Tamada, Andika and Suzuki. |
| File Version | publisher |
| PubMed ID | 34489904 |
| DOI | 10.3389/fmicb.2021.715545 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000692554100001 |
| Related Url | isVersionOf https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.715545 |
| FullText URL | fulltext.pdf |
|---|---|
| Author | Kikuchi, Masuzu| Kojima, Keiichi| Nakao, Shin| Yoshizawa, Susumu| Kawanishi, Shiho| Shibukawa, Atsushi| Kikukawa, Takashi| Sudo, Yuki| |
| Published Date | 2021-07-20 |
| Publication Title | Scientific Reports |
| Volume | volume11 |
| Issue | issue1 |
| Publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| Start Page | 14765 |
| ISSN | 2045-2322 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| OAI-PMH Set | 岡山大学 |
| Copyright Holders | © The Author(s) 2021 |
| File Version | publisher |
| PubMed ID | 34285294 |
| DOI | 10.1038/s41598-021-94181-w |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000692201200025 |
| Related Url | isVersionOf https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94181-w |
| FullText URL | fulltext.pdf |
|---|---|
| Author | Ahmed, Feroz| Yoshida, Yuichi| Wang, Jin| Sakai, Kenji| Kiwa, Toshihiko| |
| Published Date | 2021-07-26 |
| Publication Title | AIP Advances |
| Volume | volume11 |
| Issue | issue7 |
| Publisher | AIP Publishing |
| Start Page | 75224 |
| ISSN | 2158-3226 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| OAI-PMH Set | 岡山大学 |
| Copyright Holders | © 2021 Author(s). |
| File Version | publisher |
| DOI | 10.1063/5.0056597 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000692318200001 |
| Related Url | isVersionOf https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0056597 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/62410 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 75_4_543.pdf |
| Author | Yoshida, Ryuichi| Yagi, Takahito| Yasui, Kazuya| Umeda, Yuzo| Yoshida, Kazuhiro| Fuji, Tomokazu| Takagi, Kosei| Kumano, Kenjiro| Yoshimoto, Masashi| Fujiwara, Toshiyoshi| |
| Abstract | The outcomes of pancreatectomy with resection and reconstruction of the involved arteries for locally advanced pancreatic cancer following chemotherapy have improved in recent years. In pancreatic head cancers in which there is contact with the common and proper hepatic arteries, margin-negative resection requires pancreati-coduodenectomy, with the resection of these arteries and the restoration of hepatic arterial flow. Here, we describe a middle colic artery transposition technique in hepatic arterial reconstruction during pancreatoduo-denectomy for an initially unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer. This technique was effective and may provide a new option for hepatic artery reconstruction in such cases. |
| Keywords | hepatic artery locally advanced pancreatic cancer middle colic artery pancreatoduodenectomy reconstruction technique |
| Amo Type | Case Report |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2021-08 |
| Volume | volume75 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 543 |
| End Page | 548 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | CopyrightⒸ 2021 by Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 34511625 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000696755800004 |
| NAID | 120007146036 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/62409 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 75_4_539.pdf |
| Author | Yamamoto, Yukichika| Otsuka, Yuki| Katsuyama, Takayuki| Nishimura, Yoshito| Oka, Kosuke| Hasegawa, Kou| Hagiya, Hideharu| Otsuka, Fumio| |
| Abstract | Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease that usually affects the exocrine glands in mid-dle-aged women. Fifteen percent of SS patients experience severe systemic extraglandular complications, and pleuritis is one of the rare complications of SS. We report the case of an elderly Japanese man who initially pre-sented with a prolonged fever and chest pain and was finally diagnosed with primary SS-associated pleuritis. Of the nine reported cases of primary SS that initially presented with pleuritis, up to six cases were elderly males. This case highlights the complication of pleuritis among elderly males with primary SS. |
| Keywords | Sjögren’s syndrome pleuritis elderly male |
| Amo Type | Case Report |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2021-08 |
| Volume | volume75 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 539 |
| End Page | 542 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | CopyrightⒸ 2021 by Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 34511624 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000696755800003 |
| NAID | 120007146035 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/62408 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 75_4_533.pdf |
| Author | Tsuchie, Hiroyuki| Miyakoshi, Naohisa| Nagasawa, Hiroyuki| Shimada, Yoichi| |
| Abstract | Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a complication of cancer treatment that requires urgent intervention. It is extremely rare in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the limbs or trunk, and there are currently no reports of TLS occurrence from eribulin therapy. We report the case of a 78-year-old woman with an undiffer-entiated pleomorphic sarcoma on the right buttock. We initiated chemotherapy with intravenous eribulin mesylate. Deterioration of renal function, mild hyperkalemia, hyperuricemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperphos-phatemia were confirmed on examination, suggesting the presence of TLS. We present an extremely rare case of TLS from eribulin for STS. |
| Keywords | tumor lysis syndrome eribulin soft tissue sarcoma cancer chemotherapy metastasis |
| Amo Type | Case Report |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2021-08 |
| Volume | volume75 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 533 |
| End Page | 538 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | CopyrightⒸ 2021 by Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 34511623 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000696755800002 |
| NAID | 120007146034 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/62406 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 75_4_523.pdf |
| Author | Yamashita, Mampei| Kuroki, Tamotsu| Matsuoka, Yuki| Miura, Shiro| Hamada, Takashi| Hirayama, Takanori| Yoneda, Akira| Tokunaga, Takayuki| Yamanouchi, Kosho| Takeshita, Hiroaki| Maeda, Shigeto| |
| Abstract | Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is often caused by superior mesenteric artery (SMA) embolization. We report a rare case of synchronous celiac axis and SMA embolization in an elderly woman with initially mild abdominal pain. Ultimately, a second contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed extensive necrosis from the stomach to the transverse colon together with liver ischemia due to hours of occlusion. Multiorgan failure made palliation the only option, and she died the following evening. Autopsy revealed a fragile atherosclerosis-asso-ciated thrombus. Careful examination and repeat diagnostic tests should be performed in patients with mild abdominal symptoms at risk for AMI. |
| Keywords | atherosclerosis celiac axis mesenteric ischemia superior mesenteric artery thromboembolism |
| Amo Type | Case Report |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2021-08 |
| Volume | volume75 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 523 |
| End Page | 527 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | CopyrightⒸ 2021 by Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 34511621 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000709282300007 |
| NAID | 120007146032 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/62405 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 75_4_517.pdf |
| Author | Ochi, Masahiko| Iida, Atsuyoshi| Takahashi, Yuka| Tanaka, Masamichi| Saito, Hironori| Naito, Hiromichi| Mikane, Takeshi| Fuke, Soichiro| |
| Abstract | Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a genetically mediated cardiomyopathy charac-terized by progressive myocardial loss of the right ventricle and its replacement by fibrofatty tissue, causing dyskinesia, aneurysm, and/or arrhythmia. The prevalence of ARVC is estimated to be 1 in 2,000-5,000, with the condition accounting for up to 20% of sudden cardiac deaths in individuals < 35 years old. This report describes the case of 61-year-old Japanese who was diagnosed with ARVC after cardiac arrest (CA) and successful resusci-tation. After the sudden CA, the restoration of spontaneous circulation was achieved with appropriate resusci-tation, followed by the introduction of target temperature management in the intensive care unit. He was diag-nosed with ARVC based on angiography and histology results. An ICD (implantable cardioverter-defibrillator) was implanted, and he was discharged without neurological sequelae 1 month post-CA. ARVC is an important cause of sudden CA, and successfully resuscitated patients with right ventricular dilation should undergo testing to rule out ARVC. |
| Keywords | inverted T-wave right ventricular dilatation sudden cardiac arrest sudden cardiac death |
| Amo Type | Case Report |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2021-08 |
| Volume | volume75 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 517 |
| End Page | 521 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | CopyrightⒸ 2021 by Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 34511620 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000709282300006 |
| NAID | 120007146031 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/62404 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 75_4_511.pdf |
| Author | Kataoka, Yuko| Maeda, Yukihide| Sugaya, Akiko| Omichi, Ryotaro| Kariya, Shin| |
| Abstract | WHO has recommended various measures to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, including mask-wearing and physical distancing. However, these changes impair communication for individuals with hearing loss. We investigated the changes in auditory communication associated with COVID-19 measures in 269 patients (male: 45.7%, female: 54.3%, median age: 54 y.o.). Most patients with hearing loss had difficulty engaging in auditory communication with people wearing masks, especially in noisy surroundings or with physical distanc-ing. These difficulties were noticeable in patients with severe hearing loss. Developing communication support strategies for people with hearing loss is an urgent need while COVID-19 measures are in place. |
| Keywords | coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hearing loss communication problem mask physical distance |
| Amo Type | Short Communication |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2021-08 |
| Volume | volume75 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 511 |
| End Page | 516 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | CopyrightⒸ 2021 by Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 34511619 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000709282300005 |
| NAID | 120007146030 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/62403 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 75_4_505.pdf |
| Author | Okamura, Tomoka| Washio, Yosuke| Watanabe, Hirokazu| Nakanishi, Hidehiko| Uchiyama, Atsushi| Tsukahara, Hirokazu| Kusuda, Satoshi| |
| Abstract | Late-onset circulatory collapse (LCC) in preterm infants is presumably caused by relative adrenal insufficiency. Because eosinophilia is known to be associated with adrenal insufficiency, we attempted to clarify the relation-ship between eosinophilia and LCC in preterm infants. We divided the cases of the infants (born at < 28 weeks’ gestation) admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit in 2008-2010 into 2 groups: those diagnosed with LCC that received glucocorticoids (LCC group), and those who did not receive glucocorticoids (control group). We compared eosinophil counts between the 2 groups and between before and after glucocorticoid treatment in the LCC group. A total of 28 infants were examined: LCC group (n = 12); control group (n = 16). The peak eosin-ophil counts of the LCC group were significantly higher than those of the control group (median: 1.392 × 109/L vs. 1.033 × 109/L, respectively; p = 0.02). Additionally, in the LCC group, the eosinophil counts declined significantly after glucocorticoid treatment (0.877 × 109/L vs. 0.271 × 109/L, p = 0.003). Eosinophil counts in the LCC group were significantly higher than in the control group and decreased rapidly after gluco-corticoid treatment. These results indicate that eosinophilia may be a factor associated with LCC caused by adrenal insufficiency. |
| Keywords | late-onset circulatory collapse preterm infant eosinophilia steroid adrenal insufficiency |
| Amo Type | Original Article |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2021-08 |
| Volume | volume75 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 505 |
| End Page | 509 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | CopyrightⒸ 2021 by Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 34511618 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000709282300004 |
| NAID | 120007146046 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/62402 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 75_4_495.pdf |
| Author | Sugiyama, Shuntaro| Iida, Takatoshi| Morimoto, Yoshinari| Yamazaki, Yuki| Mikuzuki, Lou| Hayashi, Megumi| |
| Abstract | Tablet size and head posture have been reported to affect swallowing of medications, but no previous studies have evaluated their effects in detail. Our aim was to investigate for the first time the effect of tablet size and head posture on drug swallowing by endoscopic evaluation in healthy subjects. Round tablets (7 , 10 , 12, and 14 mm in diameter) were swallowed by 15 healthy adults with an endoscope inserted in the neutral, head flex-ion, and head extension positions. Evaluation of swallowing difficulty using a numeric rating scale (NRS), presence or absence of pharyngeal residue and its location, and tablet oral transit time (TOTT) were recorded. In the neutral position, the NRS score was higher with the 14 mm tablets than with the 7 mm tablets. The TOTT with the 7 mm tablets was significantly shorter in the head extension than in the neutral position. Swallowing difficulty increased when the tablet diameter was more than 7 mm. Residues were found in the epi-glottis, pyriform sinus, and tongue base. These findings suggest that head extension shortens the TOTT and assists oral-pharyngeal transport. |
| Keywords | tablet size head posture swallowing endoscopy pharyngeal residue |
| Amo Type | Original Article |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2021-08 |
| Volume | volume75 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 495 |
| End Page | 503 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | CopyrightⒸ 2021 by Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 34511617 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000709282300003 |
| NAID | 120007146045 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/62401 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 75_4_487.pdf |
| Author | Kunna, Ezzan| Yamamoto, Taro| Nundu, Sabin| Akintije, Calliope | Elkhidir, Isam | |
| Abstract | Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a highly contagious and fatal disease in humans. Healthcare providers (HCPs) are often at the frontline of epidemics and can thus be in jeopardy of contracting EVD. Sudan is at a great risk of an EVD outbreak, as it borders countries that experienced EVD outbreaks. It is therefore imperative in Sudan to assess the HCPs’ awareness and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) about EVD for its control and man-agement and for preparedness. A KAP survey was conducted among 387 HCPs (physicians, nurses and labora-tory technicians) in the three main tertiary hospitals in Khartoum, Sudan. The majority of the survey respon-dents (54.5%) were females, < 30 years old (76.3%), and single (77.4%). Most (94%) had heard about EVD, 62% from classical media. Only 14% had received education or training regarding EVD. About 40% reported being adherent to universal precautions and 72% were willing to deal with EVD patients under safety precau-tions. Only 10% knew of any available standard national guidelines for EVD. Nearly half of the HCPs (47%) rated the potential risk of an EVD outbreak in Sudan as high, and 52% rated health authorities’ effort against it as weak. These findings revealed the HCPs’ insufficient knowledge of EVD and the necessary universal precau-tions. This lack of knowledge would negatively affect the HCPs’ preparedness toward any potential EVD out-break. There is a dire need to train HCPs in Sudan on the management of EVD, including preventive and con-trol measures. |
| Keywords | Ebola virus Sudan healthcare provider knowledge attitude and practice |
| Amo Type | Original Article |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2021-08 |
| Volume | volume75 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 487 |
| End Page | 493 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | CopyrightⒸ 2021 by Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 34511616 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000709282300002 |
| NAID | 120007146044 |
| JaLCDOI | 10.18926/AMO/62400 |
|---|---|
| FullText URL | 75_4_479.pdf |
| Author | Harada, Akio| Kawai, Nobuyuki| Ogawa, Tomoya| Hatakeyama, Tetsuhiro| Tamiya, Takashi| |
| Abstract | Instances of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the elderly have been increasing along with the aging of popula-tions. In the present study, we examined the effect of aging on long-term multidisciplinary in-patient rehabili-tation efficacy after TBI. Sixty-three patients with physical and cognitive impairments after TBI were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into 4 age groups (≤ 24, 25-44, 45-64, ≥ 65 years) and the clinical charac-teristics and rehabilitation efficacy of each age group were determined. Functional disability was evaluated using motor and cognitive Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores. Rehabilitation efficacy was assessed by FIM gains during rehabilitation and compared among the groups. There were no statistically significant dif-ferences in motor and cognitive FIM gains among the age groups. However, cognitive FIM gain was limited in a subset of ≥ 65 patients, and initial cognitive measures could not predict cognitive FIM improvement. These results indicate that chronological age is insufficient to accurately predict rehabilitation efficacy in older TBI patients, and that such patients should be considered candidates for intensive rehabilitation programs based on these results. Accurate prognostication of rehabilitation efficacy with continuing data collection is important when using rehabilitation resources for older TBI patients. |
| Keywords | aging Functional Independence Measure physical and cognitive impairments traumatic brain injury rehabilitation |
| Amo Type | Original Article |
| Publication Title | Acta Medica Okayama |
| Published Date | 2021-08 |
| Volume | volume75 |
| Issue | issue4 |
| Publisher | Okayama University Medical School |
| Start Page | 479 |
| End Page | 486 |
| ISSN | 0386-300X |
| NCID | AA00508441 |
| Content Type | Journal Article |
| language | English |
| Copyright Holders | CopyrightⒸ 2021 by Okayama University Medical School |
| File Version | publisher |
| Refereed | True |
| PubMed ID | 34511615 |
| Web of Science KeyUT | 000709282300001 |
| NAID | 120007146043 |
