母体の貧血が胎児の造血に及ぼす影響に就て 第2編 妊娠期間中に於ける親の貧血が新産児の造血に及ぼす影響

With a view to study the effect of anemia in mother animal on her off-springs, their blood picture, vital power, possibility of malformation, and hematopietic organs, the author performed a series of experiments, using ten groups of offsprings to the total of 206 newborns from mother guinea pigs depleted of blood daily for one week at various stages of pregnancy or kept in a high anemic state by depleting daily throughout the pregnant stages; and obtained the following results; 1. Newborns from guinea pigs kept in a high anemic state throughout the pregnant stages are mostly of plethoric nature as an accommodation phenomenon for compensating deficient oxygen supply from mother. 2. Offsprings from guinea pigs made moderately anemic by depleting for one week before mating show the normal value in their blood picture. 3. Even in the cases made moderately anemic by depleting for one week from the day of mating, no effect can be seen in the blood picture of offsprings, but if the depletion is of a high begree, their newborns are mostly plethoric. 4. Those kept moderately anemic in the second pregnant week most of newborns are plethoric, and by the same depletion the third to the 8 th week the farther advanced the pregnant week is, the higher is the plethoric state of newborns. 5. From guinea pigs made anemic by depletion in the terminal stage of pregnancy, many offsprings were born in a highly anemic state. It is believed hat the decrease in the oxygen level due to anemia in parent animal made accelerate the destruction of erythrocytes in embryos and that offsprings were born before completely recovering from anemia despite vigorous hematopoiesis. 6. In newborns of normal delivery erythropoietic picture is hardly observable in the liver, showing a moderate hematopiesis in the bone marrow, while in embryos immediately before delivery and in the newborns of anemic mother the hematopoietic picture is marked in the liver and bone marrow. This will show that the hematopoiesis in the liver of embryos just before delivery is acting as a compensator of the bone marrow hematopoiesis which is not yet fully developed. Then the liver hematopoiesis seen in any of newborns after delivery will give a measure for the grade in the bone-marrow hematopoiesis. The fact that in anemic newborns the liver hematopoiesis lasts for a quite some some time after the birth could be explained in the same way. The erythrocytes produced in the liver of the newborns that retain the liver hematopiesis will be discharged into the circulating blood while they are still immature, because there are many nucleated red cells in the circulating blood of such animals Moreover, in thoss newborns with an extamely weak vital power they continue to maintain the hematopoiesis of the embryonic type after birth even in the absence of marked anemia, presenting the liver hematopoiesis. 7. As for leucocytes all test animals showed only about one half the normal value. 8. In the case the blood depletion is performed at the initial stage, at the terminal stage or throughout the pregnacy, the rate of still-born and miscarriage is high, and even in the case of birth the rate of new-borns with weak vital power is also high. 9. Throughout the present experiments not a single case of malformation could be found.