start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=e06765
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250731
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Droplet Transportation on Janus Harp Wires for Enhanced Fog Harvesting
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Ensuring freshwater resources is a vital issue for human beings worldwide. Fog harvesting is one promising way to provide water from unconventional sources. However, clogging by the captured liquid depresses the fog harvesting performance. Here, a harp-shaped Janus harvesting system, which has thin wires with a superhydrophobic side facing the fog stream and a superhydrophilic back side to transport the droplets, is used to yield simultaneous fog capturing and water transport abilities. Attached droplets on the Janus wire transported along the periphery avoided clogging and enhanced the performance. The Janus system thus suppressed the increase and fluctuations of actual shade coefficients, which indicated blockage of the fog stream. This optimized the design of the harvester. Experiments using a multilayered Janus harvester demonstrated a significant enhancement compared with that constructed with mono-wettability wires. Overall, the results indicated the promise of droplet transportation on single wires for improving fog harvesting, as well as for other applications such as oil mist recovery and demulsification.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamadaYutaka
en-aut-sei=Yamada
en-aut-mei=Yutaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IshikawaTaku
en-aut-sei=Ishikawa
en-aut-mei=Taku
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IsobeKazuma
en-aut-sei=Isobe
en-aut-mei=Kazuma
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HoribeAkihiko
en-aut-sei=Horibe
en-aut-mei=Akihiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=droplet transport
kn-keyword=droplet transport
en-keyword=fog harvesting
kn-keyword=fog harvesting
en-keyword=janus wire
kn-keyword=janus wire
en-keyword=wettability difference
kn-keyword=wettability difference
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=38
cd-vols=
no-issue=9
article-no=
start-page=e70105
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250724
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Ultrahigh‐Field MR‐Compatible Mechanical Tactile Stimulator for Investigating Somatosensory Processing in Small‐Bodied Animals
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), small-bodied New World primates that share similar sensory processing pathways with human beings, have gained great interests. Their small body size allows imaging of brain activity with high spatial resolution and on a whole-brain scale using ultrahigh-field (UHF) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners. However, the strong magnetic field and the small size of the hand and forearm pose challenges in delivering tactile stimulation during fMRI experiments. In the present study, we developed an MR-compatible tactile dual-point stimulator to provide high-precision mechanical stimulation for exploring somatosensory processing in small-bodied animals. The study population consisted of a water phantom and three male common marmosets. Cerebral blood volume (CBV) weighted fMRI data were obtained with a gradient echo (GE), echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence at 7T scanner. The output performance of the device was tested by a pressure sensor. The MR compatibility of the device was verified by measuring the temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) of a water phantom. To test the effectiveness of tactile stimulation, we conducted block designed tactile stimulation experiments on marmosets. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted for comparing the tSNR results. We performed one-sample t-tests to investigate the negative response of the forearm and hand stimulation with a threshold of t > 1.96 (p < 0.05). Performance tests revealed that mechanical stimulation (averaged force: 31.69?g) was applied with a delay of 12?ms. Phantom experiments confirmed that there was no significant difference in the tSNR among three (10?Hz, 1?Hz, and no-stimulus) conditions (F (2, 798) = 0.71, p = 0.49). The CBV activity results showed that the stimulator successfully elicited hand and forearm somatosensory activations in primary somatosensory areas. These results indicated that the device is well suited for small-bodied animal somatosensory studies.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WangChenyu
en-aut-sei=Wang
en-aut-mei=Chenyu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ImaiHirohiko
en-aut-sei=Imai
en-aut-mei=Hirohiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FukunagaMasaki
en-aut-sei=Fukunaga
en-aut-mei=Masaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoHiroki
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Hiroki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YuYinghua
en-aut-sei=Yu
en-aut-mei=Yinghua
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SekiKazuhiko
en-aut-sei=Seki
en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HanakawaTakashi
en-aut-sei=Hanakawa
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UmedaTatsuya
en-aut-sei=Umeda
en-aut-mei=Tatsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YangJiajia
en-aut-sei=Yang
en-aut-mei=Jiajia
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Innovation Research Center for Quantum Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Section of Brain Function Information, National Institute for Physiological Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Neurophysiology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Integrated Neuroanatomy and Neuroimaging, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Integrated Neuroanatomy and Neuroimaging, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=primary somatosensory cortex
kn-keyword=primary somatosensory cortex
en-keyword=small-bodied animals
kn-keyword=small-bodied animals
en-keyword=tactile stimulation device
kn-keyword=tactile stimulation device
en-keyword=ultrahigh-field magnetic resonance imaging
kn-keyword=ultrahigh-field magnetic resonance imaging
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=26
cd-vols=
no-issue=11
article-no=
start-page=4984
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250522
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Cardiomyopathy: Advancing Disease Modeling, Therapeutic Development, and Regenerative Therapy
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of heart muscle diseases that can lead to heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Traditional animal models and in vitro systems have limitations in replicating the complex pathology of human cardiomyopathies. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a transformative platform by enabling the generation of patient-specific cardiomyocytes, thus opening new avenues for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative therapy. This process involves reprogramming somatic cells into iPSCs and subsequently differentiating them into functional cardiomyocytes, which can be characterized using techniques such as electrophysiology, contractility assays, and gene expression profiling. iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte (iPSC-CM) platforms are also being explored for drug screening and personalized medicine, including high-throughput testing for cardiotoxicity and the identification of patient-tailored therapies. While iPSC-CMs already serve as valuable models for understanding disease mechanisms and screening drugs, ongoing advances in maturation and bioengineering are bringing iPSC-based therapies closer to clinical application. Furthermore, the integration of multi-omics approaches and artificial intelligence (AI) is enhancing the predictive power of iPSC models. iPSC-based technologies are paving the way for a new era of personalized cardiology, with the potential to revolutionize the management of cardiomyopathies through patient-specific insights and regenerative strategies.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=VoQuan Duy
en-aut-sei=Vo
en-aut-mei=Quan Duy
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamuraKazufumi
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Kazufumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SaitoYukihiro
en-aut-sei=Saito
en-aut-mei=Yukihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AkagiSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Akagi
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyoshiToru
en-aut-sei=Miyoshi
en-aut-mei=Toru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke
en-aut-sei=Yuasa
en-aut-mei=Shinsuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=induced pluripotent stem cells
kn-keyword=induced pluripotent stem cells
en-keyword=cardiomyopathy
kn-keyword=cardiomyopathy
en-keyword=disease modeling
kn-keyword=disease modeling
en-keyword=drug screening
kn-keyword=drug screening
en-keyword=regenerative therapy
kn-keyword=regenerative therapy
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=17
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=e86695
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250624
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Managing Persistent Pupillary Membranes With Surgery or Medication: A Report of Three Cases
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The persistent pupillary membrane, as a congenital anomaly, is a remnant of a network of feeding blood vessels for the lens of the eye, called tunica vasculosa lentis. This study reports three patients with persistent pupillary membrane in both eyes who presented in different situations and were managed differently to achieve better vision. The first child (Case 1) who had been seen initially at the age of two years complained of severe photophobia even though he had good visual acuity, and hence, he and his family chose surgical resection of the pupillary membrane in both eyes at the age of six years just before the admission to an elementary school. He did not develop any surgical complications, such as cataract and glaucoma, and maintained the visual acuity in decimals of 1.2 in both eyes at the age of 17 years.<br>
The second child (Case 2), who was seen first at the age of one month, had persistent pupillary membranes in both eyes, together with Peters' anomaly in the left eye. The iris process adhesion to the corneal inner surface was visualized later by optical coherence tomography. She wore full-correction glasses and obtained the visual acuity of 0.7 in the right eye, so she had no problem studying at an elementary school. She used topical 1% atropine once a week in both eyes to maintain pupillary dilation and also used 0.5% timolol and 1% brinzolamide as pressure-lowering eye drops in the left eye with Peters' anomaly.<br>
The third patient (Case 3) with persistent pupillary membranes in both eyes complained of vision problems for the first time at the age of 49 years when she developed cataract. Surgical resection of the pupillary membrane was done in the initial phase of cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation in both eyes. At surgical resection of the pupillary membrane, a safe and efficient way was to cut the root of the pupillary membrane on the iris surface with scissors, and then the isolated tissues of the pupillary membrane were pulled out with forceps from the side port at the corneal limbus. Pathological examinations of the excised tissues showed blood vessels with red blood cells in the lumen. In such a rare congenital disease as the persistent pupillary membrane, a case-based approach to choose a better option in different conditions from individual to individual is still required to have a better vision in learning at school and in daily working life.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko
en-aut-sei=Matsuo
en-aut-mei=Toshihiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanakaTakehiro
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Takehiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Division of Healthcare Science, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=anterior segment dysgenesis
kn-keyword=anterior segment dysgenesis
en-keyword=cataract
kn-keyword=cataract
en-keyword=forceps
kn-keyword=forceps
en-keyword=optical coherence tomography
kn-keyword=optical coherence tomography
en-keyword=persistent pupillary membrane
kn-keyword=persistent pupillary membrane
en-keyword=peters anomaly
kn-keyword=peters anomaly
en-keyword=resection
kn-keyword=resection
en-keyword=scissors
kn-keyword=scissors
en-keyword=vitrectomy cutter
kn-keyword=vitrectomy cutter
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=58
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=976
end-page=991
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=202506
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Enhanced estimation method for partial scattering functions in contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering via Gaussian process regression with prior knowledge of smoothness
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering (CV-SANS) is a powerful tool for evaluating the structure of multi-component systems. In CV-SANS, the scattering intensities I(Q) measured with different scattering contrasts are de?com?posed into partial scattering functions S(Q) of the self- and cross-correlations between components. Since the measurement has a measurement error, S(Q) must be estimated statistically from I(Q). If no prior knowledge about S(Q) is available, the least-squares method is best, and this is the most popular estimation method. However, if prior knowledge is available, the estimation can be improved using Bayesian inference in a statistically authorized way. In this paper, we propose a novel method to improve the estimation of S(Q), based on Gaussian process regression using prior knowledge about the smoothness and flatness of S(Q). We demonstrate the method using synthetic core?shell and experimental polyrotaxane SANS data.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ObayashiIppei
en-aut-sei=Obayashi
en-aut-mei=Ippei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyajimaShinya
en-aut-sei=Miyajima
en-aut-mei=Shinya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanakaKazuaki
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Kazuaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MayumiKoichi
en-aut-sei=Mayumi
en-aut-mei=Koichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Center for Artificial Intelligence and Mathematical Data Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo
kn-affil=
en-keyword=contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering
kn-keyword=contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering
en-keyword=CV-SANS
kn-keyword=CV-SANS
en-keyword=partial scattering functions
kn-keyword=partial scattering functions
en-keyword=multi-component systems
kn-keyword=multi-component systems
en-keyword=statistical methods
kn-keyword=statistical methods
en-keyword=Bayesian inference
kn-keyword=Bayesian inference
en-keyword=contrast variation
kn-keyword=contrast variation
en-keyword=Gaussian process regression
kn-keyword=Gaussian process regression
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=16
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=2323
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250308
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A mini-hairpin shaped nascent peptide blocks translation termination by a distinct mechanism
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Protein synthesis by ribosomes produces functional proteins but also serves diverse regulatory functions, which depend on the coding amino acid sequences. Certain nascent peptides interact with the ribosome exit tunnel to arrest translation and modulate themselves or the expression of downstream genes. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of such ribosome stalling and its regulation remains elusive. In this study, we systematically screen for unidentified ribosome arrest peptides through phenotypic evaluation, proteomics, and mass spectrometry analyses, leading to the discovery of the arrest peptides PepNL and NanCL in E. coli. Our cryo-EM study on PepNL reveals a distinct arrest mechanism, in which the N-terminus of PepNL folds back towards the tunnel entrance to prevent the catalytic GGQ motif of the release factor from accessing the peptidyl transferase center, causing translation arrest at the UGA stop codon. Furthermore, unlike sensory arrest peptides that require an arrest inducer, PepNL uses tryptophan as an arrest inhibitor, where Trp-tRNATrp reads through the stop codon. Our findings illuminate the mechanism and regulatory framework of nascent peptide-induced translation arrest, paving the way for exploring regulatory nascent peptides.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=AndoYushin
en-aut-sei=Ando
en-aut-mei=Yushin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KoboAkinao
en-aut-sei=Kobo
en-aut-mei=Akinao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NiwaTatsuya
en-aut-sei=Niwa
en-aut-mei=Tatsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamakawaAyako
en-aut-sei=Yamakawa
en-aut-mei=Ayako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KonomaSuzuna
en-aut-sei=Konoma
en-aut-mei=Suzuna
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KobayashiYuki
en-aut-sei=Kobayashi
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NurekiOsamu
en-aut-sei=Nureki
en-aut-mei=Osamu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TaguchiHideki
en-aut-sei=Taguchi
en-aut-mei=Hideki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ItohYuzuru
en-aut-sei=Itoh
en-aut-mei=Yuzuru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ChadaniYuhei
en-aut-sei=Chadani
en-aut-mei=Yuhei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=School of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=59
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=25
end-page=44
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250328
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Study on the Relationship between Kazuo Inamori's Philosophy, the Teachings of Nanshu Saigo, and the Iroha Poem by Prince Jisshin
kn-title=稲盛和夫のフィロソフィーと西郷南洲翁遺訓及び日新公いろは歌の連関についての考察
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=Kazuo Inamori is a rare business leader who founded DDI, the predecessor of Kyocera and KDDI, in one generation, and grew it into a trillion-yen company. He also rebuilt the bankrupt Japan Airlines (JAL) in three years and led it to relisting. He has not only led tens of thousands of people with his unique management method called amoeba management, but also with management principles. What are the roots of the way of life that a manager of a small and medium-sized business has derived from management? What is the Goju education that is the foundation of Satsuma, where he was born and raised? From the perspective of business management, it is interesting to know what it is like.<br>
How is it related to Saigo Nanshu Ikun, the record of the words and deeds of Saigo Takamori, a local hero whom Kazuo Inamori met after founding Kyocera and used as the basis of his own management philosophy, and Shimazu Nisshin Iroha Uta, left by Shimazu Tadayoshi (Nissin), the father of Shimazu Takahisa, the 15th lord of the Shimazu clan who unified southern Kyushu, including Satsuma and Hyuga, in the 16th century? First of all, I am interested in the relationship between the ideas of the three men born in Satsuma. In this study, we used the grounded theory approach, a qualitative research method, to analyze the correlation between Kazuo Inamori's philosophy, the teachings of Nanshu Saigo, and the Nisshin Iroha Uta. As a result, the analysis revealed that the three concepts are related across 400 years of time. In particular, Kazuo Inamori's philosophy is not only positively influenced by the teachings of Nanshu Saigo, which are the words and deeds of Takamori Saigo, whom Kazuo Inamori admires, but also by the Nisshin Iroha Uta, which dates back 400 years, due to his education in Satsuma. It is believed that the ideals that the people of Satsuma have inherited for 400 years contain concepts that should be the foundation for people's lives, or that should be important core ideas and qualities in life, regardless of the era.
kn-abstract=　一代で京セラやKDDIの前身となる第二電電（DDI）を創業し、合計数兆円企業に育て、倒産した日本航空（JAL）を3年で再建し、再上場に導いた稀代の経営者稲盛和夫は、アメーバ経営という独自の経営手法だけでなく、理念経営により数万人を導いてきた。中小企業の一経営者が経営の中から導き出した人生成功の処世術のルーツは何処にあるのか。生まれ育った薩摩の基礎となる郷中（ごじゅう）教育とは何か、などについて経営学の観点から関心が湧く。<br>
　稲盛和夫が京セラ創業以降に出会い、自ら経営理念の基礎とした地元の偉人である西郷隆盛の言行録である西郷南洲翁遺訓及び16世紀に薩摩や日向など南九州を統一した島津家第15代領主島津貴久公の実父島津忠良（日新）が残した、島津日新公いろは歌とどのように連関があるのか。そもそも薩摩生まれの3名の思想にどのような連関があるのか、についても関心が湧く。この研究では、質的研究法であるグラウンデッド・セオリー・アプローチを援用して、稲盛和夫のフィロソフィーと西郷南洲翁遺訓及び日新公いろは歌の連関について分析した。結果的に3つの概念は400年の時代を超えて、連関していることが分析により明らかになった。特に稲盛和夫のフィロソフィーが稲盛和夫が敬愛する西郷隆盛の言行録である西郷南洲翁遺訓に正の影響を受けているだけでなく、薩摩での教育を背景に、400年前に遡る日新公いろは歌からも正の影響を受けていることが明らかになった。400年に渡り薩摩の人々が受け継いできた理念には、時代を超えても人が生きていく中で基礎とすべき、もしくは人生で重要なコアな思想・資質とすべき概念があると考えられる。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MACHIDAHisashi
en-aut-sei=MACHIDA
en-aut-mei=Hisashi
kn-aut-name=町田尚史
kn-aut-sei=町田
kn-aut-mei=尚史
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学教育推進機構
en-keyword=稲盛和夫 (Kazuo Inamori)
kn-keyword=稲盛和夫 (Kazuo Inamori)
en-keyword=フィロソフィー (philosophy)
kn-keyword=フィロソフィー (philosophy)
en-keyword=西郷隆盛 (Takamori Saigo)
kn-keyword=西郷隆盛 (Takamori Saigo)
en-keyword=西郷南洲翁遺訓 (the teachings of Nanshu Saigo)
kn-keyword=西郷南洲翁遺訓 (the teachings of Nanshu Saigo)
en-keyword=島津忠良（日新） (Tadayoshi Shimazu (Nissin))
kn-keyword=島津忠良（日新） (Tadayoshi Shimazu (Nissin))
en-keyword=日新公いろは歌 (Nisshin Iroha Uta)
kn-keyword=日新公いろは歌 (Nisshin Iroha Uta)
en-keyword=グラウンデッド・セオリー・アプローチ (grounded theory approach)
kn-keyword=グラウンデッド・セオリー・アプローチ (grounded theory approach)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=79
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=39
end-page=45
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=202502
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Could the Trabecular Bone Score Be a Complementary Tool for Evaluating Degenerative Lumbar Vertebrae?
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Evaluating vertebral bone mass and quality in the elderly poses challenges due to degenerative changes. This study aims to elucidate the usefulness of the trabecular bone score (TBS) by examining the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), TBS, and Hounsfield unit (HU) values. A retrospective analysis of 599 vertebrae from 152 patients (mean age 69.0 years; range 44-89; 74 males and 78 females) undergoing dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and CT scans was conducted. Vertebrae were categorized into three grades based on the degree of degeneration. The TBS was calculated from DXA images, and the HU value was measured by placing a region of interest on an axial image of the vertebral mid-body. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson’s correlation tests were employed to investigate the relationship between BMD and TBS or HU values. While lumbar BMD significantly increased (p<0.01) with degenerative changes, TBS and HU values showed no significant differences. The correlations between lumbar BMD and TBS values, and between BMD and HU values, were stronger without degenerative changes than with degenerative changes. Significantly different HU values were observed between the right and left sides of severely degenerated vertebrae. Severe degenerative changes, particularly those associated with sclerosis, may impact HU values. TBS exhibits greater potential than HU values as a complementary tool.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TakaoShinichiro
en-aut-sei=Takao
en-aut-mei=Shinichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UotaniKoji
en-aut-sei=Uotani
en-aut-mei=Koji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MisawaHaruo
en-aut-sei=Misawa
en-aut-mei=Haruo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomoko
en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga
en-aut-mei=Tomoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShinoharaKensuke
en-aut-sei=Shinohara
en-aut-mei=Kensuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamaneKentaro
en-aut-sei=Yamane
en-aut-mei=Kentaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OdaYoshiaki
en-aut-sei=Oda
en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsujiHironori
en-aut-sei=Tsuji
en-aut-mei=Hironori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KajikiYuya
en-aut-sei=Kajiki
en-aut-mei=Yuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Toshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=trabecular bone score
kn-keyword=trabecular bone score
en-keyword=computed tomography Hounsfield unit
kn-keyword=computed tomography Hounsfield unit
en-keyword=lumbar degenerative change
kn-keyword=lumbar degenerative change
en-keyword=radiodensity
kn-keyword=radiodensity
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=79
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=7
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=202502
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Endothelial Cell Polarity in Health and Disease
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Endothelial cell polarity is fundamental to the organization and function of blood vessels, influencing processes such as angiogenesis, vascular stability, and response to shear stress. This review elaborates on the molecular mechanisms that regulate endothelial cell polarity, focusing on key players like the PAR polarity complex and Rho family GTPases. These pathways coordinate the front?rear, apical?basal and planar polarity of endothelial cells, which are essential for the proper formation and maintenance of vascular structures. In health, endothelial polarity ensures not only the orderly development of blood vessels, with tip cells adopting distinct polarities during angiogenesis, but also ensures proper vascular integrity and function. In disease states, however, disruptions in polarity contribute to pathologies such as coronary artery disease, where altered planar polarity exacerbates atherosclerosis, and cancer, where disrupted polarity in tumor vasculature leads to abnormal vessel growth and function. Understanding cell polarity and its disruption is fundamental not only to comprehending how cells interact with their microenvironment and organize themselves into complex, organ-specific tissues but also to developing novel, targeted, and therapeutic strategies for a range of diseases, from cardiovascular disorders to malignancies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ThihaMoe
en-aut-sei=Thiha
en-aut-mei=Moe
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HikitaTakao
en-aut-sei=Hikita
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakayamaMasanori
en-aut-sei=Nakayama
en-aut-mei=Masanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology and Drug Discovery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology and Drug Discovery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Pathophysiology and Drug Discovery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=blood vessel
kn-keyword=blood vessel
en-keyword=endothelial cell
kn-keyword=endothelial cell
en-keyword=cell polarity
kn-keyword=cell polarity
en-keyword=atherosclerosis
kn-keyword=atherosclerosis
en-keyword=cancer
kn-keyword=cancer
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=e70141
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250120
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The use of lateral wedge insoles delays osteoarthritis progression and improves clinical outcomes in medial meniscus posterior root repair
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of using a lateral wedge insole (LWI) during the first 3 months after medial meniscus posterior root (MMPR) repair.<br>
Methods: Overall, 179 patients were categorized into LWI use (LWI group, 90 patients) and nonuse (control group, 89 patients) groups. Patients in the LWI group were instructed to wear an LWI from the initiation of load bearing up to 3 months postoperatively. Medial meniscus extrusion (MME) was evaluated preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively, Kellgren?Lawrence (KL) grade and clinical scores were evaluated preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively, and second-look arthroscopic meniscal healing scores were evaluated at 1 year postoperatively.<br>
Results: The proportion of patients with KL grade progression at 2 years postoperatively was significantly lower in the LWI group than in the control group (23.3% vs. 39.3%; p?=?0.024). Change in the MME at 1 year postoperatively was significantly smaller in the LWI group than in the control group (1.1?±?1.2 vs. 1.6?±?1.4?mm; p?=?0.042). The Lysholm score (p?=?0.003) and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores-sport and recreation function (p?=?0.027) at 2 years postoperatively were significantly superior in the LWI group than in the control group. The arthroscopic meniscal healing score after 1 year was not significantly different between the LWI and control groups (total score, 7.6?±?1.1 vs. 7.4?±?1.3 points; p?=?0.732). The anteroposterior width of the repaired posterior root at 1 year second-look evaluation was significantly broader in the LWI group than in the control group (7.7?±?1.6 vs. 6.9?±?1.6?mm; p?=?0.001).<br>
Conclusions: The use of LWI is an effective way to delay postoperative osteoarthritis progression and improve clinical outcomes after MMPR repair.<br>
<br>
Level of Evidence: Level III.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KawadaKoki
en-aut-sei=Kawada
en-aut-mei=Koki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YokoyamaYusuke
en-aut-sei=Yokoyama
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki
en-aut-sei=Okazaki
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TamuraMasanori
en-aut-sei=Tamura
en-aut-mei=Masanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Toshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FurumatsuTakayuki
en-aut-sei=Furumatsu
en-aut-mei=Takayuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=healing status
kn-keyword=healing status
en-keyword=lateral wedge insole
kn-keyword=lateral wedge insole
en-keyword=meniscus extrusion
kn-keyword=meniscus extrusion
en-keyword=osteoarthritis
kn-keyword=osteoarthritis
en-keyword=posterior root tear
kn-keyword=posterior root tear
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=4
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=300
end-page=302
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2025
dt-pub=20250325
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=NAITOH Naoki and MORI Akiko (eds.). Parasitism as a way of life: Anthropology of politics and economy on the margins
kn-title=内藤直樹・森明子編『寄食という生き方―埒外の政治‐経済の人類学』
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SAWAYAMAMikako
en-aut-sei=SAWAYAMA
en-aut-mei=Mikako
kn-aut-name=沢山美果子
kn-aut-sei=沢山
kn-aut-mei=美果子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学文明動態学研究所
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=187
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=53
end-page=67
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20241206
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Comparison of Acoustic Characteristics of Performances Conducted in Different Ways and Examination of Impression Investigations of the Performances
kn-title=指揮状況の違いによる音響特性の比較と演奏の印象調査の検討
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　筆者等は，音楽授業での指揮状況を向上させる方策として，授業での教員の立ち位置と指揮の仕方に注目した。異なる立ち位置と異なる指揮の仕方で演奏した場合，各々の演奏が音響学的にどのように変化するのか音カメラ装置で測定した。併せて，各々の演奏に対して受講学生の印象調査を行った。音響特性から，指揮の仕方によって，音節が明瞭になること（スペクトログラムの濃さ），ビブラートに変化が見られること（「ゆれ」の表れ），音量が変化すること（音圧レベル），音価が異なってくること（時間軸波形）が示された。印象調査からは，指揮者が，ピアノの位置で指揮をするのに比べて，合唱者の前で指揮をすることで，アゴーギク，ディナーミック，表現の豊かさに対する演奏の評価が大きく反転した。指揮の仕方では，形式的な指揮に比べて，音楽的な要素を入れた指揮をすると，アゴーギク，ディナーミック，息の流れの演奏評価が高くなった。さらに，音響特性と音楽表現との関連性が視覚的に確認され，特に，「ゆれ」（ビブラート）の頻出は，音楽表現を豊かにすることが示された。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MUSHIAKIMasako
en-aut-sei=MUSHIAKI
en-aut-mei=Masako
kn-aut-name=虫明眞砂子
kn-aut-sei=虫明
kn-aut-mei=眞砂子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZAIMATakefumi
en-aut-sei=ZAIMA
en-aut-mei=Takefumi
kn-aut-name=財満健史
kn-aut-sei=財満
kn-aut-mei=健史
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OWAKIMasanao
en-aut-sei=OWAKI
en-aut-mei=Masanao
kn-aut-name=大脇雅直
kn-aut-sei=大脇
kn-aut-mei=雅直
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学名誉教授

affil-num=2
en-affil=Technical Research &Development Institute, Kumagaigumi Co., Ltd.
kn-affil=株式会社熊谷組　技術本部　技術研究所　環境工学研究室

affil-num=3
en-affil=Technical Research &Development Division, Kumagaigumi Co., Ltd.
kn-affil=株式会社熊谷組　技術本部
en-keyword=指揮
kn-keyword=指揮
en-keyword=音響特性
kn-keyword=音響特性
en-keyword=印象調査
kn-keyword=印象調査
en-keyword=比較
kn-keyword=比較
en-keyword=演奏
kn-keyword=演奏
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=187
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=35
end-page=42
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20241206
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Formative Activity that Creates Social Groups through Antagonism and Articulation
kn-title=敵対性と節合により社会を創造する芸術実践の文献研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　This study, using literature, explores the theory of socially engaged art, along with formative activities that feature elements of socially engaged art that contribute to the realization of an educational curriculum that is open to society. This study clarified the effects of the formative activities. Therefore, the theory of socially engaged art encompasses antagonism, an experience that changes how one views, feels, and thinks about children and others, and articulation, which creates or reshapes the relationship between children and others. A literature survey revealed that emotional experiences that change the way children and others see, feel, and think can lead to a reshaping of existing relationships between children and others, as well as the formation of new relationships between children and others. This study demonstrated the effects of formative activity creating social aspects by doing things.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OHIRAShuya
en-aut-sei=OHIRA
en-aut-mei=Shuya
kn-aut-name=大平修也
kn-aut-sei=大平
kn-aut-mei=修也
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域
en-keyword=Socially engaged art
kn-keyword=Socially engaged art
en-keyword=Antagonism
kn-keyword=Antagonism
en-keyword=Articulation
kn-keyword=Articulation
en-keyword=Social
kn-keyword=Social
en-keyword=Formative activity
kn-keyword=Formative activity
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=5
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1251
end-page=1273
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=2024
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Skewing Technology for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors: A Comprehensive Review and Recent Trends
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This article gives a comprehensive overview of the current research trends in the skewing technique for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). The skewing technique has been widely used in many applications to reduce the cogging torque and torque ripple in PMSMs. There are many ways to implement the skew, and new techniques are continually being developed. First, this article summarizes the types of skew structures and presents a survey of existing techniques. Specific emphasis is placed on what kind of skew structure is selected depending on the PMSM configuration. Second, the optimal value of the skew angle for each structure is comprehensively explained, and the discrepancy between theory and finite element analysis is discussed. The definition of skew angle varies across the literature, and one of the purposes of this article is to organize the definition in an easy-to-understand manner. In addition, this article offers three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA) results of various PMSMs employing the skew for quantitative comparison. Then, this article discusses the properties of PMSMs using the skew by structure and the latest trends, and finally describes future prospects.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TsunataRen
en-aut-sei=Tsunata
en-aut-mei=Ren
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakemotoMasatsugu
en-aut-sei=Takemoto
en-aut-mei=Masatsugu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Additive manufacturing (AM)
kn-keyword=Additive manufacturing (AM)
en-keyword=axial leakage flux
kn-keyword=axial leakage flux
en-keyword=cogging torque
kn-keyword=cogging torque
en-keyword=electrical machine
kn-keyword=electrical machine
en-keyword=finite element analysis (FEA)
kn-keyword=finite element analysis (FEA)
en-keyword=induction motor (IM)
kn-keyword=induction motor (IM)
en-keyword=interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM)
kn-keyword=interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM)
en-keyword=noise
kn-keyword=noise
en-keyword=patents
kn-keyword=patents
en-keyword=permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)
kn-keyword=permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)
en-keyword=skew
kn-keyword=skew
en-keyword=surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM)
kn-keyword=surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM)
en-keyword=torque ripple
kn-keyword=torque ripple
en-keyword=total harmonic distortion (THD)
kn-keyword=total harmonic distortion (THD)
en-keyword=traction motor
kn-keyword=traction motor
en-keyword=transportation
kn-keyword=transportation
en-keyword=vibration
kn-keyword=vibration
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=78
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=475
end-page=483
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=202412
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=C-arm Free Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Discectomy: A Technical Note
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This report presents a new unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) technique for lumbar disc herniation without C-arm guidance. Lumbar disc herniation requires surgical intervention when conservative methods fail. Shifts towards minimally invasive percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, including uniportal and biportal approaches, have been hindered by challenges such as steep learning curves and reliance on radiation-intensive C-arm guidance. We here describe the use of standard intraoperative navigation in UBE to reduce radiation exposure and increase surgical accuracy. A 24-year-old man with low back and bilateral leg pain with gait disturbance was referred to our hospital. He had had conservative treatment for 12 months in another hospital before admission, but this proved unsuccessful. On admission he had low back pain (VAS 4/10) and bilateral leg pain (VAS 8/10), muscle weakness of the bilateral legs (manual muscle testing (MMT) grade of the extensor hallucis longus: 4/4), and numbness of the bilateral lower legs. Preoperative lumbar MRI showed L4/5 large central disc herniation. He underwent C-arm free UBE discectomy under the guidance of O-arm navigation. The surgery was successful, with postoperative lumbar MRI showing good decompression of the dural sac and bilateral L5 nerve roots. The MMT grade and sensory function of both legs had recovered fully on final follow-up at one year. The new UBE technique under navigation guidance was shown to be useful for lumbar disc herniation. This innovative technique was safe and accurate for the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, and minimized radiation exposure to surgeons.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=XiangHongfei
en-aut-sei=Xiang
en-aut-mei=Hongfei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LatkaKajetan
en-aut-sei=Latka
en-aut-mei=Kajetan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MastePraful
en-aut-sei=Maste
en-aut-mei=Praful
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanakaMasato
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Masato
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KumawatChetan
en-aut-sei=Kumawat
en-aut-mei=Chetan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AratakiShinya
en-aut-sei=Arataki
en-aut-mei=Shinya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujiwaraYoshihiro
en-aut-sei=Fujiwara
en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TaokaTakuya
en-aut-sei=Taoka
en-aut-mei=Takuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyamotoAkiyoshi
en-aut-sei=Miyamoto
en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=lumbar disc herniation
kn-keyword=lumbar disc herniation
en-keyword=unilateral biportal endoscopic technique
kn-keyword=unilateral biportal endoscopic technique
en-keyword=navigation
kn-keyword=navigation
en-keyword=O-arm
kn-keyword=O-arm
en-keyword=minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS)
kn-keyword=minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240925
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Java の解答コード検証プログラムと JavaScriptのコード変更問題の研究
kn-title=A Study of Java Answer Code Validation Program and JavaScript Code Modification Problems
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KHAING HSU WAI
en-aut-sei=KHAING HSU WAI
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama university
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=193
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=2122
end-page=2140
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230720
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Calredoxin regulates the chloroplast NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Calredoxin (CRX) is a calcium (Ca2+)-dependent thioredoxin (TRX) in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) with a largely unclear physiological role. We elucidated the CRX functionality by performing in-depth quantitative proteomics of wild-type cells compared with a crx insertional mutant (IMcrx), two CRISPR/Cas9 KO mutants, and CRX rescues. These analyses revealed that the chloroplast NADPH-dependent TRX reductase (NTRC) is co-regulated with CRX. Electron transfer measurements revealed that CRX inhibits NADPH-dependent reduction of oxidized chloroplast 2-Cys peroxiredoxin (PRX1) via NTRC and that the function of the NADPH-NTRC complex is under strict control of CRX. Via non-reducing SDS-PAGE assays and mass spectrometry, our data also demonstrated that PRX1 is more oxidized under high light (HL) conditions in the absence of CRX. The redox tuning of PRX1 and control of the NADPH-NTRC complex via CRX interconnect redox control with active photosynthetic electron transport and metabolism, as well as Ca2+ signaling. In this way, an economic use of NADPH for PRX1 reduction is ensured. The finding that the absence of CRX under HL conditions severely inhibited light-driven CO2 fixation underpins the importance of CRX for redox tuning, as well as for efficient photosynthesis.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ZinziusKaren
en-aut-sei=Zinzius
en-aut-mei=Karen
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MarchettiGiulia Maria
en-aut-sei=Marchetti
en-aut-mei=Giulia Maria
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FischerRonja
en-aut-sei=Fischer
en-aut-mei=Ronja
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MilradYuval
en-aut-sei=Milrad
en-aut-mei=Yuval
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OltmannsAnne
en-aut-sei=Oltmanns
en-aut-mei=Anne
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KelterbornSimon
en-aut-sei=Kelterborn
en-aut-mei=Simon
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YacobyIftach
en-aut-sei=Yacoby
en-aut-mei=Iftach
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HegemannPeter
en-aut-sei=Hegemann
en-aut-mei=Peter
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ScholzMartin
en-aut-sei=Scholz
en-aut-mei=Martin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HipplerMichael
en-aut-sei=Hippler
en-aut-mei=Michael
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of M?nster
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of M?nster
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of M?nster
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of M?nster
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Institute of Biology, Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt University of Berlin
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Institute of Biology, Experimental Biophysics, Humboldt University of Berlin
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of M?nster
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=2024
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=2
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=2024
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Abacus Manipulation Understanding by Behavior Sensing Utilizing Document Camera as a Sensor
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　The abacus (also known as Soroban) is a numerical calculation tool that is traditionally used in East Asian countries. With the advancement of information technologies, the abacus is no longer used as a standard calculation tool. However, abacus learning is garnering global attention due to the secondary skills it can foster, e.g., mental arithmetic ability. Numerical calculation using an abacus requires learning numerical expressions using the beads of the abacus and manipulating beads in multiple ways and in different orders. Due to this complexity, a long period of repeated learning is usually required to acquire the skill of using the abacus. However, the teaching method of the abacus mainly relied on lecturers' observation through finding errors and poor bead manipulations and pointing them out, and there is no other way but to rely on human labor at this moment. In this study, we aim to realize an ICT-based learning support system for arithmetic with a common abacus. This paper proposes a method of estimating input values on an abacus based on image recognition captured by a document camera. Through the evaluation experiments, we have confirmed that the proposed method showed an accuracy of 95.0% in the estimation of 7-digit number input on an abacus. Additionally, this paper will provide discussions to realize the proposed method with other cameras such as wearable camera devices, and to design the coaching system of abacus learning.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MATSUDAYuki
en-aut-sei=MATSUDA
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=78366
end-page=78378
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=2024
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Aromug: A Mug-Type Olfactory Interface to Enhance the Sweetness Perception of Beverages
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Sugary beverages are a significant contributor to sugar consumption, and their excessive consumption is associated with increased risks of elevated blood glucose levels and diabetes. Many individuals have a strong preference for sugary beverages and often find beverages with lower sugar content to be less satisfying. Attempts to switch to less sugary options are frequently short-lived, leading to a return to higher-sugar beverages. Recognizing that 75 ? 95% of taste perception is influenced by scent, we investigated a scent-based approach to reduce sugar intake while preserving the perception of sweetness. This study introduces an olfactory interface in the form of a mug named “Aromug,” designed to emit a sweet scent in sync with the drinking action. Aromug incorporates motion sensing and scent presentation functions to enhance the perceived sweetness of a beverage, thereby encouraging a gradual reduction in sugar intake. Our experiments, involving 33 participants, demonstrated that the combined scents of sugar-free coffee and chocolate increased the perception of sweetness (p =1.641×10?2 ). The study also found that the simultaneous presentation of scent and visual cues improved taste satisfaction and sweetness perception. Additionally, we observed variations in sweetness preference related to age and frequency of coffee consumption. It was particularly observed that people in their 20s and those who frequently drink coffee tend to perceive the taste of beverages as sweeter. This suggests a potential for Aromug to customize the scent experience based on individual preferences, offering a novel way to encourage healthier beverage choices.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MayumiDaiki
en-aut-sei=Mayumi
en-aut-mei=Daiki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamuraYugo
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Yugo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsudaYuki
en-aut-sei=Matsuda
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MisakiShinya
en-aut-sei=Misaki
en-aut-mei=Shinya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YasumotoKeiichi
en-aut-sei=Yasumoto
en-aut-mei=Keiichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Olfaction
kn-keyword=Olfaction
en-keyword=olfactory interfaces
kn-keyword=olfactory interfaces
en-keyword=olfactory display
kn-keyword=olfactory display
en-keyword=scents
kn-keyword=scents
en-keyword=taste evaluation
kn-keyword=taste evaluation
en-keyword=smell
kn-keyword=smell
en-keyword=olfactory perception
kn-keyword=olfactory perception
en-keyword=behavior change support
kn-keyword=behavior change support
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=10
article-no=
start-page=614
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20241007
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=An Independent Learning System for Flutter Cross-Platform Mobile Programming with Code Modification Problems
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Nowadays, with the common use of smartphones in daily lives, mobile applications have become popular around the world, which will lead to a rise in Flutter framework. Developed by Google, Flutter with Dart programming provides a cross-platform development environment to create visually appealing and responsive user interfaces across mobile, web, and desktop platforms using a single codebase. However, due to time and staff limitations, the Flutter/Dart programming course is not included in curricula, even in IT departments in universities. Therefore, independent learning environments for students are essential to meet this growing popularity. Previously, we have developed programming learning assistant system (PLAS) as a web-browser-based self-learning platform for novice students. PLAS offers various types of exercise problems designed to cultivate programming skills step-by-step through a lot of code reading and code writing practices. Among them, one particular type is the code modification problem (CMP), which asks to modify the given source code to satisfy the new specifications. CMP is expected to be solved by novices with little effort if they have knowledge of other programming languages. Thus, PLAS with CMP will be an excellent platform for independent learning. In this paper, we present PLAS with CMP for the independent learning of Flutter/Dart programming. To improve the readability of the source code by students, we provided rich comments on grammar or behaviors. Besides, the code can be downloaded so that students can check and run it on an IDE. For evaluations, we generated 38 CMP instances for basic and multimedia/storage topics in Flutter/Dart programming and assigned them to 21 master students at Okayama University, Japan, who have never studied it. The results confirm the validity of the proposal.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KinariSafira Adine
en-aut-sei=Kinari
en-aut-mei=Safira Adine
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FunabikiNobuo
en-aut-sei=Funabiki
en-aut-mei=Nobuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AungSoe Thandar
en-aut-sei=Aung
en-aut-mei=Soe Thandar
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WaiKhaing Hsu
en-aut-sei=Wai
en-aut-mei=Khaing Hsu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MentariMustika
en-aut-sei=Mentari
en-aut-mei=Mustika
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=PuspitaningayuPradini
en-aut-sei=Puspitaningayu
en-aut-mei=Pradini
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Flutter
kn-keyword=Flutter
en-keyword=Dart
kn-keyword=Dart
en-keyword=cross-platform
kn-keyword=cross-platform
en-keyword=programming
kn-keyword=programming
en-keyword=code modification problem
kn-keyword=code modification problem
en-keyword=PLAS
kn-keyword=PLAS
en-keyword=independent learning
kn-keyword=independent learning
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=142592
end-page=142605
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20241001
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=MUSIC Spectrum Based Interference Detection, Localization, and Interference Arrival Prediction for mmWave IRS-MIMO System
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=For a millimeter wave (mmWave) intelligent re-configurable surface (IRS)-MIMO system, if it can correctly detect the interference occurrence and their locations, the patterns of interference signal can be collected and learned using machine learning for the prediction of interference arrival. With the information of interference location and activity pattern, the capacity of the system can be largely improved using many techniques such as beamforming, interference cancellation, and transmission scheduling. This paper aims to detect interference occurrence using a low-complexity MUSIC (MUSIC: multiple signal classification) spectrum-based method, and then localize their sources for mmWave IRS-MIMO system. The MUSIC spectrum of wireless system can be regarded as somehow the 'signature' related to the signals transmitted from different users or interference. We utilize such property to detect the occurrence of interference, and then localize their sources in a low-complexity way. Finally, the pattern of interference occurrence can be learned to predict the interference arrival from the collected data. This paper also proposed an efficient probabilistic neural network (PNN)-based predictor for the interference arrival prediction and showed its prediction accuracy. From simulated results, our proposed method can achieve the correct results with the accuracy near to 100% when the fingerprint samples is over 10. In addition, the localization error can be within 1 m with more than 65% and 43% for Y-axis and X-axis, respectively. Finally, based on the results of the interference occurrence, the proposed PNN-based predictor for the interference arrival prediction can capture correctly the similar distribution function of the coming continuous idle status.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HouYafei
en-aut-sei=Hou
en-aut-mei=Yafei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YanoKazuto
en-aut-sei=Yano
en-aut-mei=Kazuto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SugaNorisato
en-aut-sei=Suga
en-aut-mei=Norisato
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WebberJulian
en-aut-sei=Webber
en-aut-mei=Julian
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=DennoSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Denno
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SakanoToshikazu
en-aut-sei=Sakano
en-aut-mei=Toshikazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Wave Engineering Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Wave Engineering Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Wave Engineering Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Wave Engineering Laboratories, Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Interference detection
kn-keyword=Interference detection
en-keyword=MUSIC spectrum
kn-keyword=MUSIC spectrum
en-keyword=interference localization
kn-keyword=interference localization
en-keyword=prediction of interference arrival
kn-keyword=prediction of interference arrival
en-keyword=probabilistic neural network
kn-keyword=probabilistic neural network
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=8
article-no=
start-page=464
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240803
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=An Image-Based User Interface Testing Method for Flutter Programming Learning Assistant System
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Flutter has become popular for providing a uniform development environment for user interfaces (UIs) on smart phones, web browsers, and desktop applications. We have developed the Flutter programming learning assistant system (FPLAS) to assist its novice students' self-study. We implemented the Docker-based Flutter environment with Visual Studio Code and three introductory exercise projects. However, the correctness of students' answers is manually checked, although automatic checking is necessary to reduce teachers' workload and provide quick responses to students. This paper presents an image-based user interface (UI) testing method to automate UI testing by the answer code using the Flask framework. This method produces the UI image by running the answer code and compares it with the image made by the model code for the assignment using ORB and SIFT algorithms in the OpenCV library. One notable aspect is the necessity to capture multiple UI screenshots through page transitions by user input actions for the accurate detection of changes in UI elements. For evaluations, we assigned five Flutter exercise projects to fourth-year bachelor and first-year master engineering students at Okayama University, Japan, and applied the proposed method to their answers. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposal.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=AungSoe Thandar
en-aut-sei=Aung
en-aut-mei=Soe Thandar
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FunabikiNobuo
en-aut-sei=Funabiki
en-aut-mei=Nobuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AungLynn Htet
en-aut-sei=Aung
en-aut-mei=Lynn Htet
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KinariSafira Adine
en-aut-sei=Kinari
en-aut-mei=Safira Adine
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WaiKhaing Hsu
en-aut-sei=Wai
en-aut-mei=Khaing Hsu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MentariMustika
en-aut-sei=Mentari
en-aut-mei=Mustika
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Flutter
kn-keyword=Flutter
en-keyword=FPLAS
kn-keyword=FPLAS
en-keyword=testing
kn-keyword=testing
en-keyword=image
kn-keyword=image
en-keyword=Flask
kn-keyword=Flask
en-keyword=OpenCV
kn-keyword=OpenCV
en-keyword=user interface
kn-keyword=user interface
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=78
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=313
end-page=322
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=202408
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Multicenter Remote-Access Simulation of Vaginal Delivery for High-Flexibility Medical Education during the Coronavirus Pandemic
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=During the coronavirus pandemic, face-to-face simulation education became impossible. Therefore, we aimed to develop remote-access simulation education with a sense of realism through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) using a perinatal whole-body management and delivery simulator. In September 2021, we administered a multi-center simultaneous remote simulation based on our developed model. Ten universities in the Chugoku?Shikoku region were connected via a web-conferencing system to a live broadcast of a virtual vaginal birth in which a fictional hospitalized pregnant woman experienced accelerated labor and gave birth through vacuum delivery for fetal distress. A Video on Demand (VOD) was made beforehand using a new simulator that allowed for a visual understanding of the process of the inter-vaginal examination. We provided a participatory program that enhanced the sense of realism by combining VOD and real-time lectures on each scenario, with two-way communication between participants and trainee doctors using a chat function. Most participants answered “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with the content, level of difficulty, and level of understanding. From November 2021, we have used the videos of all processes in face-to-face classes. Our construction of a high-flexibility education system using remote simulation in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, especially in the vaginal delivery module, is unique, creative, and sustainable.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=EtoEriko
en-aut-sei=Eto
en-aut-mei=Eriko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MakiJota
en-aut-sei=Maki
en-aut-mei=Jota
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamashitaNoriyuki
en-aut-sei=Yamashita
en-aut-mei=Noriyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HasegawaToru
en-aut-sei=Hasegawa
en-aut-mei=Toru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SuemoriAyano
en-aut-sei=Suemori
en-aut-mei=Ayano
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakatoHikari
en-aut-sei=Nakato
en-aut-mei=Hikari
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ObaHikaru
en-aut-sei=Oba
en-aut-mei=Hikaru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MitomaTomohiro
en-aut-sei=Mitoma
en-aut-mei=Tomohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MishimaSakurako
en-aut-sei=Mishima
en-aut-mei=Sakurako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KirinoSatoe
en-aut-sei=Kirino
en-aut-mei=Satoe
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OhiraAkiko
en-aut-sei=Ohira
en-aut-mei=Akiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi
en-aut-sei=Masuyama
en-aut-mei=Hisashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Center for Education in Medicine and Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=remote simulator education
kn-keyword=remote simulator education
en-keyword=perinatal simulator
kn-keyword=perinatal simulator
en-keyword=information and communication technology
kn-keyword=information and communication technology
en-keyword=high-flexibility education
kn-keyword=high-flexibility education
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=14
article-no=
start-page=2700
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240710
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A Reference Paper Collection System Using Web Scraping
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Collecting reference papers from the Internet is one of the most important activities for progressing research and writing papers about their results. Unfortunately, the current process using Google Scholar may not be efficient, since a lot of paper files cannot be accessed directly by the user. Even if they are accessible, their effectiveness needs to be checked manually. In this paper, we propose a reference paper collection system using web scraping to automate paper collections from websites. This system can collect or monitor data from the Internet, which is considered as the environment, using Selenium, a popular web scraping software, as the sensor; this examines the similarity against the search target by comparing the keywords using the Bert model. The Bert model is a deep learning model for natural language processing (NLP) that can understand context by analyzing the relationships between words in a sentence bidirectionally. The Python Flask is adopted at the web application server, where Angular is used for data presentations. For the evaluation, we measured the performance, investigated the accuracy, and asked members of our laboratory to use the proposed method and provide their feedback. Their results confirm the method’s effectiveness.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NaingInzali
en-aut-sei=Naing
en-aut-mei=Inzali
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AungSoe Thandar
en-aut-sei=Aung
en-aut-mei=Soe Thandar
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WaiKhaing Hsu
en-aut-sei=Wai
en-aut-mei=Khaing Hsu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FunabikiNobuo
en-aut-sei=Funabiki
en-aut-mei=Nobuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=web scraping
kn-keyword=web scraping
en-keyword=Google Scholar
kn-keyword=Google Scholar
en-keyword=data collection
kn-keyword=data collection
en-keyword=Bert
kn-keyword=Bert
en-keyword=Selenium
kn-keyword=Selenium
en-keyword=flask framework
kn-keyword=flask framework
en-keyword=Angular
kn-keyword=Angular
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=32
article-no=
start-page=12686
end-page=12694
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240710
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Boosting charge separation in organic photovoltaics: unveiling dipole moment variations in excited non-fullerene acceptor layers
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) has reached more than 19% due to the rapid development of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). To compete with the PCEs (26%) of commercialized silicon-based inorganic photovoltaics, the drawback of OPVs should be minimized. This drawback is the intrinsic large loss of open-circuit voltage; however, a general approach to this issue remains elusive. Here, we report a discovery regarding highly efficient NFAs, specifically ITIC. We found that charge-transfer (CT) and charge dissociation (CD) can occur even in a neat ITIC film without the donor layer. This is surprising, as these processes were previously believed to take place exclusively at donor/acceptor heterojunctions. Femtosecond time-resolved visible to mid-infrared measurements revealed that in the neat ITIC layers, the intermolecular CT immediately proceeds after photoirradiation (<0.1 ps) to form weakly-bound excitons with a binding energy of 0.3 eV, which are further dissociated into free electrons and holes with a time-constant of 56 ps. Theoretical calculations indicate that stacking faults in ITIC (i.e., V-type molecular stacking) induce instantaneous intermolecular CT and CD in the neat ITIC layer. In contrast, J-type stacking does not support such CT and CD. This previously unknown pathway is triggered by the larger dipole moment change on the excited state generated at the lower symmetric V-type molecular stacking of ITIC. This is in sharp contrast with the need of sufficient energy offset for CT and CD at the donor-acceptor heterojunction, leading to the significant voltage loss in conventional OPVs. These results demonstrate that the rational molecular design of NFAs can increase the local dipole moment change on the excited state within the NFA layer. This finding paves the way for a groundbreaking route toward the commercialization of OPVs.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamakataAkira
en-aut-sei=Yamakata
en-aut-mei=Akira
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatoKosaku
en-aut-sei=Kato
en-aut-mei=Kosaku
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UrakamiTakumi
en-aut-sei=Urakami
en-aut-mei=Takumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsujimuraSota
en-aut-sei=Tsujimura
en-aut-mei=Sota
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MurayamaKasumi
en-aut-sei=Murayama
en-aut-mei=Kasumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HigashiMasahiro
en-aut-sei=Higashi
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SatoHirofumi
en-aut-sei=Sato
en-aut-mei=Hirofumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KoboriYasuhiro
en-aut-sei=Kobori
en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UmeyamaTomokazu
en-aut-sei=Umeyama
en-aut-mei=Tomokazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ImahoriHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Imahori
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Complex Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=2024
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=6505595
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240528
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Circadian Rhythms Fluctuate the Treatment Effects of Intravesical Treatments on Rat Urinary Frequency Models
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Objectives. It is still not clear how the intravesical instillation of drugs affects rat urinary frequency. This study aimed to examine the dynamics of intravesical treatments' treatment effect on rat urinary frequency models by real-time and extended monitoring using a novel continuous urination monitoring system. Methods. Nine eleven-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into three groups to receive intravesical instillation of 0.1% acetic acid (AA), 1.0% AA, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Thirty minutes later, these drugs were voided, and rats were moved to a continuous urination monitoring system, UM-100. UM-100 monitored rat urination quantitatively and continuously for 24 hours. Rats were then euthanized, and histopathologic examinations using a damage score validated the severity of bladder inflammation. We used nine additional rats to determine the treatment effect of various drugs against the urinary frequency. These rats were also treated with 1.0% AA in the same way and divided into three groups (n = 3 each) to receive intravesical instillation of lidocaine, silver nitrate (AgNO3), or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), respectively. Thirty minutes later, rats were catheterized again and moved to the UM-100, and their voiding was monitored for 24 hours. Results. Intravesical instillation of AA increased the urinary frequency and decreased the mean voided volume (VV) in a concentration-dependent manner, with statistical significance at a concentration of 1.0% (urinary frequency; p = 0.0007 , mean VV; p = 0.0032 , respectively) compared with PBS. Histopathological analysis of these models demonstrated a significantly higher damage score of bladder mucosa in both 0.1% AA and 1.0% AA compared with PBS, with the severity in concordance with the clinical severity of urinary frequency (0.1% AA: p < 0.0001 , 1.0% AA: p < 0.0001 ). Moreover, intravesical instillation of lidocaine, AgNO3, and DMSO decreased the urinary frequency. Continuous monitoring with UM-100 also demonstrated that the treatment effect of these intravesically instilled drugs occurred only at night. Conclusions. The extended monitoring of rat urination by UM-100 revealed a significant fluctuation in the treatment effect of intravesically instilled drugs between day and night. These findings may help establish novel therapies for urinary frequency.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WatanabeTomofumi
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Tomofumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SadahiraTakuya
en-aut-sei=Sadahira
en-aut-mei=Takuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TominagaYusuke
en-aut-sei=Tominaga
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MaruyamaYuki
en-aut-sei=Maruyama
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NagasakiNaoya
en-aut-sei=Nagasaki
en-aut-mei=Naoya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SekitoTakanori
en-aut-sei=Sekito
en-aut-mei=Takanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EdamuraKohei
en-aut-sei=Edamura
en-aut-mei=Kohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeToyohiko
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Toyohiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo
en-aut-sei=Araki
en-aut-mei=Motoo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeMasami
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Masami
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=19
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=e0302537
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240521
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The use of artificial intelligence in induced pluripotent stem cell-based technology over 10-year period: A systematic scoping review
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background <br>
Stem cell research, particularly in the domain of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, has shown significant progress. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), especially machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), has played a pivotal role in refining iPSC classification, monitoring cell functionality, and conducting genetic analysis. These enhancements are broadening the applications of iPSC technology in disease modelling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. This review aims to explore the role of AI in the advancement of iPSC research.<br>
Methods <br>
In December 2023, data were collected from three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct) to investigate the application of AI technology in iPSC processing.<br>
Results <br>
This systematic scoping review encompassed 79 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The number of research studies in this area has increased over time, with the United States emerging as a leading contributor in this field. AI technologies have been diversely applied in iPSC technology, encompassing the classification of cell types, assessment of disease-specific phenotypes in iPSC-derived cells, and the facilitation of drug screening using iPSC. The precision of AI methodologies has improved significantly in recent years, creating a foundation for future advancements in iPSC-based technologies.<br>
Conclusions <br>
Our review offers insights into the role of AI in regenerative and personalized medicine, highlighting both challenges and opportunities. Although still in its early stages, AI technologies show significant promise in advancing our understanding of disease progression and development, paving the way for future clinical applications.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=VoQuan Duy
en-aut-sei=Vo
en-aut-mei=Quan Duy
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SaitoYukihiro
en-aut-sei=Saito
en-aut-mei=Yukihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IdaToshihiro
en-aut-sei=Ida
en-aut-mei=Toshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamuraKazufumi
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Kazufumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke
en-aut-sei=Yuasa
en-aut-mei=Shinsuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=191
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A Study of Learning Environment for Initiating Flutter App Development Using Docker
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The Flutter framework with Dart programming allows developers to effortlessly build applications for both web and mobile from a single codebase. It enables efficient conversions to native codes for mobile apps and optimized JavaScript for web browsers. Since utilizing a wide range of widgets in Flutter ensures consistent experiences on various devices for users, it becomes crucial in programming education by providing a unified environment for learning app development while reducing the need for platform-specific knowledge. However, the setup of the Flutter environment is challenging for novice students due to its multiple steps, such as installing dependencies and configuring environments. To support independent learning for these students, it is essential to simplify the setup by providing user-friendly instructions and automated tools. In this paper, we present a Docker-based environment for Flutter app developments across Windows, Linux, and Mac through Visual Studio Code, ensuring a unified learning experience. This paper aims to simplify complex configurations and address the obstacles encountered by students when initiating Flutter projects. For the evaluation, we prepared three simple Flutter projects along with the setup environment in a Docker container. Then, we asked 24 Master's students at Okayama University, Japan, to install the environment and modify the source codes in the projects independently by following the given instructions. The results show that all the students successfully completed the assignments, which confirms the efficiency and validity of our proposal.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=AungSoe Thandar
en-aut-sei=Aung
en-aut-mei=Soe Thandar
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FunabikiNobuo
en-aut-sei=Funabiki
en-aut-mei=Nobuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AungLynn Htet
en-aut-sei=Aung
en-aut-mei=Lynn Htet
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KinariSafira Adine
en-aut-sei=Kinari
en-aut-mei=Safira Adine
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MentariMustika
en-aut-sei=Mentari
en-aut-mei=Mustika
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WaiKhaing Hsu
en-aut-sei=Wai
en-aut-mei=Khaing Hsu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Information and Communication Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Flutter
kn-keyword=Flutter
en-keyword=Dart
kn-keyword=Dart
en-keyword=app
kn-keyword=app
en-keyword=Docker
kn-keyword=Docker
en-keyword=Visual Studio Code
kn-keyword=Visual Studio Code
en-keyword=environment
kn-keyword=environment
en-keyword=code modification
kn-keyword=code modification
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230523
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A four-oscillator model of seasonally adapted morning and evening activities in Drosophila melanogaster
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster exhibits two activity peaks, one in the morning and another in the evening. Because the two peaks change phase depending on the photoperiod they are exposed to, they are convenient for studying responses of the circadian clock to seasonal changes. To explain the phase determination of the two peaks, Drosophila researchers have employed the two-oscillator model, in which two oscillators control the two peaks. The two oscillators reside in different subsets of neurons in the brain, which express clock genes, the so-called clock neurons. However, the mechanism underlying the activity of the two peaks is complex and requires a new model for mechanistic exploration. Here, we hypothesize a four-oscillator model that controls the bimodal rhythms. The four oscillators that reside in different clock neurons regulate activity in the morning and evening and sleep during the midday and at night. In this way, bimodal rhythms are formed by interactions among the four oscillators (two activity and two sleep oscillators), which may judiciously explain the flexible waveform of activity rhythms under different photoperiod conditions. Although still hypothetical, this model would provide a new perspective on the seasonal adaptation of the two activity peaks.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YoshiiTaishi
en-aut-sei=Yoshii
en-aut-mei=Taishi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SaitoAika
en-aut-sei=Saito
en-aut-mei=Aika
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YokosakoTatsuya
en-aut-sei=Yokosako
en-aut-mei=Tatsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Drosophila
kn-keyword=Drosophila
en-keyword=Seasonal adaptation
kn-keyword=Seasonal adaptation
en-keyword=Photoperiod
kn-keyword=Photoperiod
en-keyword=Oscillator
kn-keyword=Oscillator
en-keyword=Activity rhythm
kn-keyword=Activity rhythm
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=101
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=431
end-page=447
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230304
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Novel extracellular role of REIC/Dkk-3 protein in PD-L1 regulation in cancer cells
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The adenovirus-REIC/Dkk-3 expression vector (Ad-REIC) has been the focus of numerous clinical studies due to its potential for the quenching of cancers. The cancer-suppressing mechanisms of the REIC/DKK-3 gene depend on multiple pathways that exert both direct and indirect effects on cancers. The direct effect is triggered by REIC/Dkk-3-mediated ER stress that causes cancer-selective apoptosis, and the indirect effect can be classified in two ways: (i) induction, by Ad-REIC-mis-infected cancer-associated fibroblasts, of the production of IL-7, an important activator of T cells and NK cells, and (ii) promotion, by the secretory REIC/Dkk-3 protein, of dendritic cell polarization from monocytes. These unique features allow Ad-REIC to exert effective and selective cancer-preventative effects in the manner of an anticancer vaccine. However, the question of how the REIC/Dkk-3 protein leverages anticancer immunity has remained to be answered. We herein report a novel function of the extracellular REIC/Dkk-3?namely, regulation of an immune checkpoint via modulation of PD-L1 on the cancer-cell surface. First, we identified novel interactions of REIC/Dkk-3 with the membrane proteins C5aR, CXCR2, CXCR6, and CMTM6. These proteins all functioned to stabilize PD-L1 on the cell surface. Due to the dominant expression of CMTM6 among the proteins in cancer cells, we next focused on CMTM6 and observed that REIC/Dkk-3 competed with CMTM6 for PD-L1, thereby liberating PD-L1 from its complexation with CMTM6. The released PD-L1 immediately underwent endocytosis-mediated degradation. These results will enhance our understanding of not only the physiological nature of the extracellular REIC/Dkk-3 protein but also the Ad-REIC-mediated anticancer effects.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=GoharaYuma
en-aut-sei=Gohara
en-aut-mei=Yuma
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomonobuNahoko
en-aut-sei=Tomonobu
en-aut-mei=Nahoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KinoshitaRie
en-aut-sei=Kinoshita
en-aut-mei=Rie
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FutamiJunichiro
en-aut-sei=Futami
en-aut-mei=Junichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AudebertL?na
en-aut-sei=Audebert
en-aut-mei=L?na
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ChenYouyi
en-aut-sei=Chen
en-aut-mei=Youyi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KomalasariNi Luh Gede Yoni
en-aut-sei=Komalasari
en-aut-mei=Ni Luh Gede Yoni
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=JiangFan
en-aut-sei=Jiang
en-aut-mei=Fan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshizawaChikako
en-aut-sei=Yoshizawa
en-aut-mei=Chikako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MurataHitoshi
en-aut-sei=Murata
en-aut-mei=Hitoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoKen-ichi
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Ken-ichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeMasami
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Masami
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KumonHiromi
en-aut-sei=Kumon
en-aut-mei=Hiromi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=13
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SakaguchiMasakiyo
en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi
en-aut-mei=Masakiyo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=14
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Urology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=13
en-affil=Innovation Center Okayama for Nanobio-Targeted Therapy, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=14
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Breast cancer
kn-keyword=Breast cancer
en-keyword=REIC/Dkk-3
kn-keyword=REIC/Dkk-3
en-keyword=PD-L1
kn-keyword=PD-L1
en-keyword=Immune checkpoint
kn-keyword=Immune checkpoint
en-keyword=Cancer therapy
kn-keyword=Cancer therapy
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=78
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=163
end-page=170
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=202404
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Impact of Light Touch and Pin Prick on Functional Outcomes in Patients with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=A spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause severe lifelong functional disability and profoundly affect an individual’s daily life. We investigated the prediction of patients’ post-SCI functional outcomes by evaluating sensory scores rather than motor scores, as the latter’s association with functional outcomes is well established. We examined patients’ responses to a light touch (LT) and pin prick (PP) at admission and the response data’s usefulness as predictors of functional outcomes (i.e., ability to perform activities of daily living) at discharge. This exploratory observational study used data from the Japanese National Spinal Cord Injury Database (SCI-J). Data from 3,676 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were admitted for an SCI between 1997 and 2020 were analyzed. The motor score of the Functional Independence Measure (mFIM) at discharge was used as an index of functional outcome. A multiple regression analysis revealed that the mFIM was associated with both the LT response (β=0.07 (0.01), p<0.001) and the PP response (β=0.07 (0.01), p<0.001) at admission. The false discovery rate log-worth values for LT and PP were 6.6 and 8.5, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that LT and PP scores at admission can help predict patients’ functional outcomes after an SCI, although the magnitude of their contributions is not high.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=DeguchiTakayuki
en-aut-sei=Deguchi
en-aut-mei=Takayuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KandaKanae
en-aut-sei=Kanda
en-aut-mei=Kanae
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FurusawaKazunari
en-aut-sei=Furusawa
en-aut-mei=Kazunari
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Nlandu Roger Ngatu
en-aut-sei=Nlandu Roger Ngatu
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HiraoTomohiro
en-aut-sei=Hirao
en-aut-mei=Tomohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation, Kagawa Rosai Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kibikogen Rehabilitation Center for Employment Injuries
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=functional independence measure
kn-keyword=functional independence measure
en-keyword=light touch
kn-keyword=light touch
en-keyword=pin prick
kn-keyword=pin prick
en-keyword=spinal cord injury
kn-keyword=spinal cord injury
en-keyword=Japanese National Spinal Cord Injury Database
kn-keyword=Japanese National Spinal Cord Injury Database
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=78
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=95
end-page=106
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=202404
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Roles of Neuropeptide Y in Respiratory Disease Pathogenesis via the Airway Immune Response
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The lungs are very complex organs, and the respiratory system performs the dual roles of repairing tissue while protecting against infection from various environmental stimuli. Persistent external irritation disrupts the immune responses of tissues and cells in the respiratory system, ultimately leading to respiratory disease. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino-acid polypeptide and a neurotransmitter that regulates homeostasis. The NPY receptor is a seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein-coupled receptor with six subtypes (Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, and Y6). Of these receptors, Y1, Y2, Y4, and Y5 are functional in humans, and Y1 plays important roles in the immune responses of many organs, including the respiratory system. NPY and the Y1 receptor have critical roles in the pathogenesis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The effects of NPY on the airway immune response and pathogenesis differ among respiratory diseases. This review focuses on the involvement of NPY in the airway immune response and pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ItanoJunko
en-aut-sei=Itano
en-aut-mei=Junko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki
en-aut-sei=Kiura
en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu
en-aut-sei=Maeda
en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyaharaNobuaki
en-aut-sei=Miyahara
en-aut-mei=Nobuaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=neuropeptide y
kn-keyword=neuropeptide y
en-keyword=Y1 receptor
kn-keyword=Y1 receptor
en-keyword=airway immune response
kn-keyword=airway immune response
en-keyword=bronchial epithelial cells
kn-keyword=bronchial epithelial cells
en-keyword=respiratory disease
kn-keyword=respiratory disease
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=4
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=9
end-page=18
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240331
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Descriptive Study of Itching Experienced by Adults with Atopic Dermatitis
kn-title=アトピー性皮膚炎のある成人が経験するかゆみに関する記述研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense itching, significantly impacting patients' psychosocial well-being worldwide. Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the multifaceted and multilayered burden of itch in adult AD patients, exploring strategies to capture the complexity of the disease and its symptoms comprehensively. Methods: The study utilized an array of Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) measures and conducted an exploratory analysis of patients' subjective descriptions of their itch experiences. Results: Twenty-three participants (female: n=16) were enrolled in the study. The Analyses revealed that none of the participants experienced in the same way about physical, emotional, and psychological burden of itch and limitation in social life. Additionally, it was found that PROs capture only partial aspects of itch and do not provide a comprehensive understanding. Discussion: The findings highlight the necessity of employing multiple PROs and conducting in-depth patient interviews to understand the daily life challenges associated with itch. The potential of interdisciplinary research to address the complex burden of itch in AD patients is also emphasized. Conclusion: A comprehensive understanding of the symptom of itch in AD patients requires the use of multiple PROs.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HIRAMIYuki
en-aut-sei=HIRAMI
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=平見有希
kn-aut-sei=平見
kn-aut-mei=有希
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FUJIMOTOKanako
en-aut-sei=FUJIMOTO
en-aut-mei=Kanako
kn-aut-name=藤本要子
kn-aut-sei=藤本
kn-aut-mei=要子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KODAMasahide
en-aut-sei=KODA
en-aut-mei=Masahide
kn-aut-name=香田将英
kn-aut-sei=香田
kn-aut-mei=将英
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HARADANahoko
en-aut-sei=HARADA
en-aut-mei=Nahoko
kn-aut-name=原田奈穂子
kn-aut-sei=原田
kn-aut-mei=奈穂子
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院保健学域

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科

affil-num=3
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院医歯薬学域

affil-num=4
en-affil=Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院ヘルスシステム統合科学学域
en-keyword=Atopic dermatitis
kn-keyword=Atopic dermatitis
en-keyword=Adults
kn-keyword=Adults
en-keyword=descriptive study
kn-keyword=descriptive study
en-keyword=itching
kn-keyword=itching
en-keyword=patient experience
kn-keyword=patient experience
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=1
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=69
end-page=88
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240314
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Impact of COVID 19 Pandemic on International Students at Okayama University : A study of the L-caf? International Student Survey and Cases Brought to the International Student Advising Room
kn-title=コロナ禍が岡山大学留学生に及ぼした影響−L-Caf?留学生意識調査と留学生相談室に持ち込まれた事例からの一考察−
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=The outbreak of COVID19 in Japan affected students in various ways, including the economy, study environment, lifestyle, career path, and psychologically, among which international students whose travel to and from abroad was severely restricted faced various difficulties. The L-Caf? survey revealed that many students were facing financial difficulties, and food assistance was provided five times. A Follow-up survey indicated that the food drive helped them financially and mentally. The International Student advising room responded to inquiries about immigration, application procedures for special grant scholarships, and career counseling, as well as harassment, problems among students, and mental health issues, but the question remained, "Are we reaching students who need support the most?
kn-abstract=　日本での新型コロナウィルス感染症の流行により、経済、学習環境、生活、進路、精神などの多方面で学生達は影響を受けたが、中でも海外との往来が極端に制限された留学生は更に多くの困難に直面した。L?Caf?アンケート調査からは多くの学生が経済的困難に直面していることが分かり、５回の食料支援を実施したが、その後の追加調査では、経済的、精神的に助かったという回答が得られた。そして、留学生相談室には入管他手続きや進路・就職に関する問い合わせやハラスメント、トラブル、メンタル面での相談が寄せられ対応したが、「もっとも必要としている学生に支援が届いているか」という課題が残った。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=UZUKAMariko
en-aut-sei=UZUKA
en-aut-mei=Mariko
kn-aut-name=宇塚万里子
kn-aut-sei=宇塚
kn-aut-mei=万里子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FUJIMOTOMasumi
en-aut-sei=FUJIMOTO
en-aut-mei=Masumi
kn-aut-name=藤本真澄
kn-aut-sei=藤本
kn-aut-mei=真澄
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Institute for Promotion of Education and Campus Life, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学教育推進機構

affil-num=2
en-affil=Institute for Promotion of Education and Campus Life, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学教育推進機構
en-keyword=コロナ禍
kn-keyword=コロナ禍
en-keyword=留学生支援
kn-keyword=留学生支援
en-keyword=留学生相談
kn-keyword=留学生相談
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=14
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=325
end-page=339
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240329
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Development and Potential of the Reggio Emilia Approach to Education in Japan ―Aspects of the Acceptance and Introduction Phases and Challenges in the Practical Application Phase―
kn-title=日本におけるレッジョ・エミリア教育の展開と可能性 ―受容・導入期の様相と実践期の課題―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=　As the Reggio Emilia approach is transitioning from the period of acceptance and introduction to the period of practical application in Japan, this paper discusses the issues and challenges that need to be addressed to gain a more profound and accurate understanding of this educational approach. First, it is necessary to accurately grasp the formative and educational principles behind the artistic development of children in the city of Reggio Emilia. Second, there is a need to create a system for training “atelieristas” who can study the foundations of early childhood education, research children’s formative expressions, and engage in art production and appreciation. Third, a fundamental shift in the philosophy of childcare is required, positioning “project” as a higher-level concept over the Japanese childcare philosophy of “play = learning.” Fourth, annual events must be carefully selected for childcare practices that value children’s autonomy. Fifth, it is essential to examine whether “documentation” can replace the conventional Japanese way of recording childcare. 
kn-abstract=　本論は，日本への受容・導入期から実践期に移行しつつあるレッジョ・エミリア教育に関して正しく理解を深めるためには，何が問題や課題になるかについて考察する。第１に，レッジョ・エミリア市の子どもの造形芸術の背景にある造形原理や教育原理を正しく把握する必要がある。第２に，幼児教育を基礎から学び，子どもの造形表現を研究し，美術制作と鑑賞に従事できる「アトリエリスタ」養成の仕組み作りが要請される。第３に，日本の保育理念である「遊び＝学び」の上位概念として「プロジェクト」を位置付け，根本的な保育理念の転換が求められる。第４に，子どもの主体性を大切にした保育実践のために，年間行事を精選しなければならない。第５に，これまでの日本の保育記録の仕方を「ドキュメンテーション」に代替できるかどうかの検討が不可欠である。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=��橋敏之
kn-aut-sei=��橋
kn-aut-mei=敏之
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIKei
en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI
en-aut-mei=Kei
kn-aut-name=��橋慧
kn-aut-sei=��橋
kn-aut-mei=慧
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ODAKumiko
en-aut-sei=ODA
en-aut-mei=Kumiko
kn-aut-name=小田久美子
kn-aut-sei=小田
kn-aut-mei=久美子
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University
kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部

affil-num=3
en-affil=Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Notre Dame Seishin University
kn-affil=ノートルダム清心女子大学人間生活学部
en-keyword=レッジョ・エミリア教育 (Reggio Emilia approach)
kn-keyword=レッジョ・エミリア教育 (Reggio Emilia approach)
en-keyword=芸術性の理解 (understanding artistry)
kn-keyword=芸術性の理解 (understanding artistry)
en-keyword=アトリエリスタの養成 (atelierista training)
kn-keyword=アトリエリスタの養成 (atelierista training)
en-keyword=プロジェクト (project)
kn-keyword=プロジェクト (project)
en-keyword=ドキュメンテーション (documentation)
kn-keyword=ドキュメンテーション (documentation)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=14
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=281
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240116
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A System for Monitoring Animals Based on Behavioral Information and Internal State Information
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Managing the risk of injury or illness is an important consideration when keeping pets. This risk can be minimized if pets are monitored on a regular basis, but this can be difficult and time-consuming. However, because only the external behavior of the animal can be observed and the internal condition cannot be assessed, the animal’s state can easily be misjudged. Additionally, although some systems use heartbeat measurement to determine a state of tension, or use rest to assess the internal state, because an increase in heart rate can also occur as a result of exercise, it is desirable to use this measurement in combination with behavioral information. In the current study, we proposed a monitoring system for animals using video image analysis. The proposed system first extracts features related to behavioral information and the animal’s internal state via mask R-CNN using video images taken from the top of the cage. These features are used to detect typical daily activities and anomalous activities. This method produces an alert when the hamster behaves in an unusual way. In our experiment, the daily behavior of a hamster was measured and analyzed using the proposed system. The results showed that the features of the hamster’s behavior were successfully detected. When loud sounds were presented from outside the cage, the system was able to discriminate between the behavioral and internal changes of the hamster. In future research, we plan to improve the accuracy of the measurement of small movements and develop a more accurate system.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ShibanokiTaro
en-aut-sei=Shibanoki
en-aut-mei=Taro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamazakiYuugo
en-aut-sei=Yamazaki
en-aut-mei=Yuugo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TonookaHideyuki
en-aut-sei=Tonooka
en-aut-mei=Hideyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Major in Computer and Information Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Major in Computer and Information Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=monitoring system
kn-keyword=monitoring system
en-keyword=image processing
kn-keyword=image processing
en-keyword=mask R-CNN
kn-keyword=mask R-CNN
en-keyword=anomaly detection
kn-keyword=anomaly detection
en-keyword=one-class SVM
kn-keyword=one-class SVM
en-keyword=rodents
kn-keyword=rodents
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=113
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=25
end-page=32
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240201
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=アメリカ産ダイズ品種‘UA4805’ の多収性に関する解析的研究−日本品種 ‘あきまろ’ との比較−
kn-title=Analytical studies on high-yielding characteristics of US soybean cv. ‘UA4805’ in comparison with Japanese cv. ‘Akimaro’
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=2020年と2021年に岡山大学農学部附属山陽圏フィールド科学センター（34°41?N, 133°55?E）でダイズの栽培試験を行った．アメリカ品種‘UA4805’ と日本品種‘あきまろ’ の2 品種を供試し，栽植密度を12.5 株 m-2（疎植，80 × 10 cm）と25 株m-2（密植，80 × 5 cm）の2 段階として，2020年5 月25日（早期）， 6 月29日（普通期）， 8 月3 日（晩期）に播種した．2021年は畦幅80 cm（広畦）と30 cm（狭畦），栽植密度12.5株m-2と25株m-2の2 段階で栽培した．子実収量は，2020年と2021年ともに‘あきまろ’ よりも‘UA4805’ の方が高かった．播種時期が遅いほど，粒/茎比が高くなった．両品種ともに疎植区に比べ密植区で乾物重が大きくなった．‘あきまろ’ は‘UA4805’ よりも乾物重は大きかったが，子実収量は低かった．一方，?UA4805? は乾物重が小さかったが，節数，莢数，子実数が多く，子実収量が高かった．‘あきまろ’ は特に密植区において，倒伏程度が大きかった．粒/茎比は，いずれの試験区においても? あきまろ’に比べ‘UA4805’ が著しく高かった．結莢率は‘UA4805’ が‘あきまろ’ より2 倍近く高かった．‘UA4805’ の子実収量が‘あきまろ’ に比べて高かったのは，結莢率，粒/茎比が高く，倒伏程度が小さかったことによるが，乾物生産は‘あきまろ’ の方が大きかった．晩期栽培の場合，子実収量を向上させるためには栽植密度を高くすることが推奨された．ダイズの子実収量を向上させるには，狭畦栽培が効果的であった．
kn-abstract=Field experiments were conducted in 2020 and 2021 at the Field Science Center of Okayama Univ. (34°41’ N, 133°55’ E). Two Soybean cultivars ‘UA4805’ and ‘Akimaro’ were sown with two planting densities, 12.5plants m?2 (sparse, 80×10cm) and 25plants m?2 (dense, 80×5cm)on May 25 (early), June 29 (normal), and Aug. 3 (late) in 2020, and 80 and 30cm row-width, and 12.5 and 25 plant m?2 in 2021 on June 23. Seed yield was higher in ‘UA4805’ than in ‘Akimaro’ in 2020 and 2021. The later the sowing time, the higher the seeds/stem ratio. Both cultivars showed higher dry matter in dense planting. Dry matter was higher in ‘Akimaro’, while seed yield was lower than ‘UA4805’. In contrast, ‘UA4805’ showed lower dry matter with higher seed yield. The numbers of nodes, pods, and seeds were higher in ‘UA4805’ resulting in the higher seed yield. Lodging score is larger in ‘Akimaro’ especially in dense planting. The seeds/stem ratio is much higher in ‘UA4805’ than ‘Akimaro’ across 2 densities, 3 sowing times and 2 row width. Pods setting ratio was nearly two times higher in ‘UA4805’ compared to ‘Akimaro’. The greater seed yield of ‘UA4805’ compared to ‘Akimaro’ was due to the higher pod setting ratio, seeds/stem ratio, and lower lodging score, nevertheless the dry matter was larger in ‘Akimaro’. If late sowing is applied, higher planting density is recommended for better seed yield. Narrow row is an effective way to improve seed yield in soybean.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MaroufSultanzada Mohammad
en-aut-sei=Marouf
en-aut-mei=Sultanzada Mohammad
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HasegawaYu
en-aut-sei=Hasegawa
en-aut-mei=Yu
kn-aut-name=長谷川湧
kn-aut-sei=長谷川
kn-aut-mei=湧
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ManabeRyuta
en-aut-sei=Manabe
en-aut-mei=Ryuta
kn-aut-name=眞鍋竜太
kn-aut-sei=眞鍋
kn-aut-mei=竜太
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SaitohKuniyuki
en-aut-sei=Saitoh
en-aut-mei=Kuniyuki
kn-aut-name=齊藤邦行
kn-aut-sei=齊藤
kn-aut-mei=邦行
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=School of Agriculture
kn-affil=岡山大学農学部

affil-num=3
en-affil=School of Agriculture
kn-affil=岡山大学農学部

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科
en-keyword=Narrow row
kn-keyword=Narrow row
en-keyword=Planting density
kn-keyword=Planting density
en-keyword=Podding rate
kn-keyword=Podding rate
en-keyword=Seeds/stem ratio
kn-keyword=Seeds/stem ratio
en-keyword=Seed yield
kn-keyword=Seed yield
en-keyword=Sowing time
kn-keyword=Sowing time
en-keyword=Soybean
kn-keyword=Soybean
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=18
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=347
end-page=354
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20231218
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Close-Packed Ices in Nanopores
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Water molecules in any of the ice polymorphs organize themselves into a perfect four-coordinated hydrogen-bond network at the expense of dense packing. Even at high pressures, there seems to be no way to reconcile the ice rules with the close packing. Here, we report several close-packed ice phases in carbon nanotubes obtained from molecular dynamics simulations of two different water models. Typically they are in plastic states at high temperatures and are transformed into the hydrogen-ordered ice, keeping their close-packed structures at lower temperatures. The close-packed structures of water molecules in carbon nanotubes are identified with those of spheres in a cylinder. We present design principles of hydrogen-ordered, close-packed structures of ice in nanotubes, which suggest many possible dense ice forms with or without nonzero polarization. In fact, some of the simulated ices are found to exhibit ferroelectric ordering upon cooling.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MochizukiKenji
en-aut-sei=Mochizuki
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AdachiYuji
en-aut-sei=Adachi
en-aut-mei=Yuji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro
en-aut-sei=Koga
en-aut-mei=Kenichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Close-packed ices
kn-keyword=Close-packed ices
en-keyword=Ice nanotubes
kn-keyword=Ice nanotubes
en-keyword=Carbon nanotubes
kn-keyword=Carbon nanotubes
en-keyword=Continuous freezing
kn-keyword=Continuous freezing
en-keyword=Ferroelectricices
kn-keyword=Ferroelectricices
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=180
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=112270
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=202309
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Attenuation of pulmonary damage in aged lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation mice through continuous 2?% hydrogen gas inhalation: A potential therapeutic strategy for geriatric inflammation and survival
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Introduction: With the global population aging, there is an increased prevalence of sepsis among the elderly, a demographic particularly susceptible to inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of hydrogen gas, known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, in attenuating inflammation specifically in the lungs and liver, and age-associated molecular markers in aged mice.<br>
Methods: Male mice aged 21 to 23 months, representative of the human elderly population, were subjected to inflammation via intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The mice were allocated into eight groups to examine the effects of varying durations and concentrations of hydrogen gas inhalation: control, saline without hydrogen, saline with 24-hour 2 % hydrogen, LPS without hydrogen, LPS with 24-hour 2 % hydrogen, LPS with 6-hour 2 % hydrogen, LPS with 1-hour 2 % hydrogen, and LPS with 24-hour 1 % hydrogen. Parameters assessed included survival rate, activity level, inflammatory biomarkers, and organ injury.<br>
Results: Extended administration of hydrogen gas specifically at a 2 % concentration for 24 h led to a favorable prognosis in the aged mice by reducing mRNA expression of inflammatory biomarkers in lung and liver tissue, mitigating lung injury, and diminishing the expression of the senescence-associated protein p21. Moreover, hydrogen gas inhalation selectively ameliorated senescence-related markers in lung tissue, including C-X-C motif chemokine 2, metalloproteinase-3, and arginase-1. Notably, hydrogen gas did not alleviate LPS-induced liver injury under the conditions tested.<br>
Conclusion: The study highlights that continuous inhalation of hydrogen gas at a 2 % concentration for 24 h can be a potent intervention in the geriatric population for improving survival and physical activity by mitigating pulmonary inflammation and modulating senescence-related markers in aged mice with LPS-induced inflammation. This finding paves the way for future research into hydrogen gas as a therapeutic strategy to alleviate severe inflammation that can lead to organ damage in the elderly.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=AokageToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Aokage
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IketaniMasumi
en-aut-sei=Iketani
en-aut-mei=Masumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SeyaMizuki
en-aut-sei=Seya
en-aut-mei=Mizuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MengYing
en-aut-sei=Meng
en-aut-mei=Ying
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AgetaKohei
en-aut-sei=Ageta
en-aut-mei=Kohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi
en-aut-sei=Naito
en-aut-mei=Hiromichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori
en-aut-sei=Nakao
en-aut-mei=Atsunori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OhsawaIkuroh
en-aut-sei=Ohsawa
en-aut-mei=Ikuroh
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Biological Process of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology
kn-affil=
en-keyword=LPS-induced inflammation
kn-keyword=LPS-induced inflammation
en-keyword=Elderly sepsis
kn-keyword=Elderly sepsis
en-keyword=Lipopolysaccharide
kn-keyword=Lipopolysaccharide
en-keyword=Aged mouse
kn-keyword=Aged mouse
en-keyword=Senescence-related markers
kn-keyword=Senescence-related markers
en-keyword=Molecular hydrogen
kn-keyword=Molecular hydrogen
en-keyword=Hydrogen gas inhalation
kn-keyword=Hydrogen gas inhalation
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=77
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=613
end-page=618
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=202312
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Survey of Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder in Patients who Underwent Knee Arthroplasty for Knee Osteoarthritis
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) of the lower extremity and shoulder OA has not been established. This study evaluated the prevalence of shoulder OA in patients with knee OA. We collected contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images of the shoulder joints of 105 patients with knee OA that were taken 1 week after they underwent primary knee arthroplasty to check for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The images were compared with CECT images of 110 control-group patients that were taken for the purpose of differentiating VTE. Shoulder OA was present in a significantly higher percentage of patients with knee arthroplasty than controls (29% versus 15%), and the difference was particularly pronounced in patients in their 70s (33%) compared to age-matched controls (11%). Patients with knee OA often use arm support to stand up or walk due to knee joint pain and muscle weakness, which places the weight-bearing shoulder at risk of developing OA.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MiyakeYoshiaki
en-aut-sei=Miyake
en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NambaYoshifumi
en-aut-sei=Namba
en-aut-mei=Yoshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MitaniShigeru
en-aut-sei=Mitani
en-aut-mei=Shigeru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UmeharaNorifumi
en-aut-sei=Umehara
en-aut-mei=Norifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KawamotoToyohiro
en-aut-sei=Kawamoto
en-aut-mei=Toyohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FuruichiShuro
en-aut-sei=Furuichi
en-aut-mei=Shuro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=
en-keyword=shoulder osteoarthritis
kn-keyword=shoulder osteoarthritis
en-keyword=knee osteoarthritis
kn-keyword=knee osteoarthritis
en-keyword=weight-bearing shoulder
kn-keyword=weight-bearing shoulder
en-keyword=knee arthroplasty
kn-keyword=knee arthroplasty
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=16
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=JAMDSM0037
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=2022
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A bilevel production planning using machine learning-based customer modeling
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Mass customization is an important strategy to improve production systems to satisfy customers’ preferences while maintaining production efficiency for mass production. Module production is one of the ways to achieve mass customization, and products are produced by combining modules. In the module production, it becomes much more important for manufacturing companies to reflect customers’ preferences for selling products. The manufacturer can increase its total profit by providing customized products that satisfy customers’ preferences by increasing customers’ satisfaction. In conventional production planning, there are some cases where module production is conducted by the demands from customers’ preferences. However, the customer decision-making model has not been employed in the production planning model. In this paper, a production planning model incorporating customers’ preferences is developed. The customers’ purchasing behavior is generated by using a machine learning model. Customer segmentation is conducted by clustering data that uses the purchase data of multiple customers. The resulting production planning model is a bilevel production planning problem consisting of a single company and multiple customers. Each company can sell products that combine modules that customers require in each segment. We show that the proposed model can obtain higher customers’ satisfaction with greater profits than the model that does not employ the customers’ purchasing model.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NAKAOJun
en-aut-sei=NAKAO
en-aut-mei=Jun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NISHITatsushi
en-aut-sei=NISHI
en-aut-mei=Tatsushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Supply chain management
kn-keyword=Supply chain management
en-keyword=Mass customization
kn-keyword=Mass customization
en-keyword=Production planning
kn-keyword=Production planning
en-keyword=Customer’s modeling
kn-keyword=Customer’s modeling
en-keyword=Machine learning
kn-keyword=Machine learning
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=11
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=39466
end-page=39483
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230413
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Artificial Neural Network Based Audio Reinforcement for Computer Assisted Rote Learning
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The dual-channel assumption of the cognitive theory of multimedia learning suggests that importing a large amount of information through a single (visual or audio) channel overloads that channel, causing partial loss of information, while importing it simultaneously through multiple channels relieves the burden on them and leads to the registration of a larger amount of information. In light of such knowledge, this study investigates the possibility of reinforcing visual stimuli with audio for supporting e-learners in memorization tasks. Specifically, we consider three kinds of learning material and two kinds of audio stimuli and partially reinforce each kind of material with each kind of stimuli in an arbitrary way. In a series of experiments, we determine the particular type of audio, which offers the highest improvement for each kind of material. Our work stands out as being the first study investigating the differences in memory performance in relation to different combinations of learning content and stimulus. Our key findings from the experiments are: (i) E-learning is more effective in refreshing memory rather than studying from scratch, (ii) Non-informative audio is more suited to verbal content, whereas informative audio is better for numerical content, (iii) Constant audio triggering degrades learning performance and thus audio triggering should be handled with care. Based on these findings, we develop an ANN-based estimator to determine the proper moment for triggering audio (i.e. when memory performance is estimated to be declining) and carry out follow-up experiments for testing the integrated framework. Our contributions involve (i) determination of the most effective audio for each content type, (ii) estimation of memory deterioration based on learners' interaction logs, and (iii) the proposal of improvement of memory registration through auditory reinforcement. We believe that such findings constitute encouraging evidence the memory registration of e-learners can be enhanced with content-aware audio incorporation.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SupitayakulParisa
en-aut-sei=Supitayakul
en-aut-mei=Parisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Y?celZeynep 
en-aut-sei=Y?cel
en-aut-mei=Zeynep 
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MondenAkito
en-aut-sei=Monden
en-aut-mei=Akito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Visualization
kn-keyword=Visualization
en-keyword=Electronic learning
kn-keyword=Electronic learning
en-keyword=Task analysis
kn-keyword=Task analysis
en-keyword=Estimation
kn-keyword=Estimation
en-keyword=Vocabulary
kn-keyword=Vocabulary
en-keyword=Memory management
kn-keyword=Memory management
en-keyword=Learning (artificial intelligence)
kn-keyword=Learning (artificial intelligence)
en-keyword=E-learning
kn-keyword=E-learning
en-keyword=neural networks
kn-keyword=neural networks
en-keyword=artificial intelligence
kn-keyword=artificial intelligence
en-keyword=cognitive theory of multimedia learning
kn-keyword=cognitive theory of multimedia learning
en-keyword=cognitive load
kn-keyword=cognitive load
en-keyword=distinctiveness account
kn-keyword=distinctiveness account
en-keyword=perceptual decoupling
kn-keyword=perceptual decoupling
en-keyword=adaptability
kn-keyword=adaptability
en-keyword=educational data mining
kn-keyword=educational data mining
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=178
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=10
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=202304
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=PD-1 blockade augments CD8+ T cell dependent antitumor immunity triggered by Ad-SGE-REIC in Egfr-mutant lung cancer
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Objectives: No immunotherapeutic protocol has yet been established in never-smoking patients with lung cancer harboring driver oncogenic mutations, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. The immunostimulatory effect of Ad-REIC, a genetically engineered adenovirus vector expressing a tumor suppressor gene, reduced expression in immortalized cells (REIC), has been investigated in clinical trials for various solid tumors. However, the immunostimulatory effect of the Ad-REIC in EGFR-mutant lung cancer with a non-inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME) has not been explored.<br>
Materials and methods: We used a syngeneic mouse model developed by transplanting Egfr-mutant lung cancer cells into single or double flanks of C57BL/6J mice. Ad-SGE-REIC, a 2nd-generation vector with an enhancer sequence, was injected only into the tumors from one flank, and its antitumor effects were assessed. Tumor-infiltrating cells were evaluated using immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry. The synergistic effects of Ad-SGE-REIC and PD-1 blockade were also examined.<br>
Results: Injection of Ad-SGE-REIC into one side of the tumor induced not only a local antitumor effect but also a bystander abscopal effect in the non-injected tumor, located on the other flank. The number of PD-1+CD8+ T cells increased in both injected and non-injected tumors. PD-1 blockade augmented the local and abscopal antitumor effects of Ad-SGE-REIC by increasing the number of CD8+ T cells in the TME of Egfr-mutant tumors. Depletion of CD8+ cells reverted the antitumor effect, suggesting they contribute to antitumor immunity.<br>
Conclusion: Ad-SGE-REIC induced systemic antitumor immunity by modifying the TME status from non-inflamed to inflamed, with infiltration of CD8+ T cells. Additionally, in Egfr-mutant lung cancer, this effect was enhanced by PD-1 blockade. These findings pave the way to establish a novel combined immunotherapy strategy with Ad-SGE-REIC and anti-PD-1 antibody for lung cancer with a non-inflamed TME.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakasukaTakamasa
en-aut-sei=Nakasuka
en-aut-mei=Takamasa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OhashiKadoaki
en-aut-sei=Ohashi
en-aut-mei=Kadoaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiiKazuya
en-aut-sei=Nishii
en-aut-mei=Kazuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HirabaeAtsuko
en-aut-sei=Hirabae
en-aut-mei=Atsuko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkawaSachi
en-aut-sei=Okawa
en-aut-mei=Sachi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomonobuNahoko
en-aut-sei=Tomonobu
en-aut-mei=Nahoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakadaKenji
en-aut-sei=Takada
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AndoChihiro
en-aut-sei=Ando
en-aut-mei=Chihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeHiromi
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Hiromi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MakimotoGo
en-aut-sei=Makimoto
en-aut-mei=Go
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NinomiyaKiichiro
en-aut-sei=Ninomiya
en-aut-mei=Kiichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujiiMasanori
en-aut-sei=Fujii
en-aut-mei=Masanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KuboToshio
en-aut-sei=Kubo
en-aut-mei=Toshio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=13
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IchiharaEiki
en-aut-sei=Ichihara
en-aut-mei=Eiki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=14
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HottaKatsuyuki
en-aut-sei=Hotta
en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=15
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TabataMasahiro
en-aut-sei=Tabata
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=16
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KumonHiromi
en-aut-sei=Kumon
en-aut-mei=Hiromi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=17
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu
en-aut-sei=Maeda
en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=18
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki
en-aut-sei=Kiura
en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=19
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=13
en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=14
en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=15
en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=16
en-affil=Center for Clinical Oncology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=17
en-affil=Innovation Center Okayama for Nanobio-targeted Therapy, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=18
en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=19
en-affil=Department of Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=EGFR mutation
kn-keyword=EGFR mutation
en-keyword=Non-small cell lung cancer
kn-keyword=Non-small cell lung cancer
en-keyword=Antitumor immunity
kn-keyword=Antitumor immunity
en-keyword=Non-inflamed tumor
kn-keyword=Non-inflamed tumor
en-keyword=Ad-SGE-REIC
kn-keyword=Ad-SGE-REIC
en-keyword=Gene therapy
kn-keyword=Gene therapy
en-keyword=PD-1
kn-keyword=PD-1
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=690
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230217
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Rationalizing the Binding Modes of PET Radiotracers Targeting the Norepinephrine Transporter
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Purpose: A new PET radiotracer F-18-AF78 showing great potential for clinical application has been reported recently. It belongs to a new generation of phenethylguanidine-based norepinephrine transporter (NET)-targeting radiotracers. Although many efforts have been made to develop NET inhibitors as antidepressants, systemic investigations of the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of NET-targeting radiotracers have rarely been performed. Methods: Without changing the phenethylguanidine pharmacophore and 3-fluoropropyl moiety that is crucial for easy labeling, six new analogs of F-18-AF78 with different meta-substituents on the benzene-ring were synthesized and evaluated in a competitive cellular uptake assay and in in vivo animal experiments in rats. Computational modeling of these tracers was established to quantitatively rationalize the interaction between the radiotracers and NET. Results: Using non-radiolabeled reference compounds, a competitive cellular uptake assay showed a decrease in NET-transporting affinity from meta-fluorine to iodine (0.42 and 6.51 mu M, respectively), with meta-OH being the least active (22.67 mu M). Furthermore, in vivo animal studies with radioisotopes showed that heart-to-blood ratios agreed with the cellular experiments, with AF78(F) exhibiting the highest cardiac uptake. This result correlates positively with the electronegativity rather than the atomic radius of the meta-substituent. Computational modeling studies revealed a crucial influence of halogen substituents on the radiotracer-NET interaction, whereby a T-shaped pi-pi stacking interaction between the benzene-ring of the tracer and the amino acid residues surrounding the NET binding site made major contributions to the different affinities, in accordance with the pharmacological data. Conclusion: The SARs were characterized by in vitro and in vivo evaluation, and computational modeling quantitatively rationalized the interaction between radiotracers and the NET binding site. These findings pave the way for further evaluation in different species and underline the potential of AF78(F) for clinical application, e.g., cardiac innervation imaging or molecular imaging of neuroendocrine tumors.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TutovAnna
en-aut-sei=Tutov
en-aut-mei=Anna
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ChenXinyu
en-aut-sei=Chen
en-aut-mei=Xinyu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WernerRudolf A.
en-aut-sei=Werner
en-aut-mei=Rudolf A.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MuehligSaskia
en-aut-sei=Muehlig
en-aut-mei=Saskia
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZimmermannThomas
en-aut-sei=Zimmermann
en-aut-mei=Thomas
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NoseNaoko
en-aut-sei=Nose
en-aut-mei=Naoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KoshinoKazuhiro
en-aut-sei=Koshino
en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LapaConstantin
en-aut-sei=Lapa
en-aut-mei=Constantin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=DeckerMichael
en-aut-sei=Decker
en-aut-mei=Michael
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HiguchiTakahiro
en-aut-sei=Higuchi
en-aut-mei=Takahiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of W?rzburg
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Nuclear Medicine and Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital W?rzburg
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Nuclear Medicine and Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital W?rzburg
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of W?rzburg
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Systems and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of W?rzburg
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=positron emission tomography
kn-keyword=positron emission tomography
en-keyword=norepinephrine transporter
kn-keyword=norepinephrine transporter
en-keyword=sympathetic nervous system
kn-keyword=sympathetic nervous system
en-keyword=structure-activity relationships
kn-keyword=structure-activity relationships
en-keyword=T-shaped π?π stacking
kn-keyword=T-shaped π?π stacking
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=389
end-page=403
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Children’ s Books as Teaching Material that Help Preschoolers Gain Understanding of Physical Disabilities
kn-title=幼児の身体障害への理解を援助する絵本教材
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=Focusing on children’ s books about physical disabilities, this study involved the creation of a list of children’s books following the collection and analysis of children’ s books that help preschoolers gain understanding of disabilities. At the same time, the learning elements of those books and the points to note for preschool teachers were discussed. As a result, it was found that there is a wide range of children’s books about physical disabilities depending on the ideas and intentions of the writers; e.g., those that aim to promote emotional understanding, those that focus on gaining knowledge of items that assist the life of children/people with disabilities such as guide dogs and wheelchairs, and those that include both of these themes. In order to effectively utilize such children’ s books, preschool teachers must grasp the learning elements of the books, choose the appropriate book according to the target of their disability awareness education, and present the book’s content in ways that will enable the preschoolers to generalize the learnings to their everyday life. In the future, this study will be further developed by collecting cases of disability awareness education using children’ s books based on our list and analyzing their educational effects. In addition, any new children’ s book about disability awareness will be scrutinized and the list will be updated whenever necessary to enhance its practicality.
kn-abstract=　本論は，身体障害を扱う絵本に焦点を当て，幼児期における障害理解を援助する絵本を収集及び分析し，絵本リストを作成すると同時に，それらの絵本の学びの要素や保育者の留意事項等について考察するものである。その結果，身体障害に関する絵本は，情緒的な理解の促進を目指したもの，盲導犬や車椅子等の障害児・者の生活を補助するものに関する知識の習得に重点が置かれたもの，その両方等，作者の思想や意図によって多種多様なものが存在することが分かった。それらを有効に活用するために保育者は，絵本に込められた学びの要素を読み取り，障害理解教育のねらいに合わせて適切な絵本を選択し，幼児の日常生活に般化されるように提示することが求められる。今後の課題は，リストを基にした現場実践から事例を収集し教育効果を分析すること，障害理解絵本が新たに出版される場合はその内容を吟味し，リストを随時更新して一層の実用化を図ること，が挙げられた。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=AsanoYasumasa
en-aut-sei=Asano
en-aut-mei=Yasumasa
kn-aut-name=浅野泰昌
kn-aut-sei=浅野
kn-aut-mei=泰昌
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Yamaguchi (Nishioka)Yuki
en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi (Nishioka)
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=山口（西岡） 由稀
kn-aut-sei=山口（西岡） 
kn-aut-mei=由稀
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BabaNoriko
en-aut-sei=Baba
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=馬場訓子
kn-aut-sei=馬場
kn-aut-mei=訓子
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=倉敷市立短期大学

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=御南認定こども園

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域
en-keyword=幼児期 (Preschool period)
kn-keyword=幼児期 (Preschool period)
en-keyword=障害理解教育 (Disability awareness education)
kn-keyword=障害理解教育 (Disability awareness education)
en-keyword=身体障害 (Physical disabilities)
kn-keyword=身体障害 (Physical disabilities)
en-keyword=絵本 (Children’ s books)
kn-keyword=絵本 (Children’ s books)
en-keyword=保育者 (Preschool teacher)
kn-keyword=保育者 (Preschool teacher)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=285
end-page=297
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Practical Report on Teacher Training During the COVID-19 Epidemic -Lessons learned through in-person and online training-
kn-title=COVID-19 流行下における教員研修の実践報告 ―対面およびオンラインによる研修を通して―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=With the prevalence of COVID-19, there has been a change in the way teacher training has been conducted. Teacher training, which was primarily face-to-face before the COVID-19 epidemic, has shifted to a form of implementation that is not limited to face-to-face training due to the COVID-19 epidemic. Based on a case study of the "Third Year Training" organized by the Kurashiki Education Center of the Kurashiki City Board of Education, in which I served as an instructor from 2020 to 2022, I report on the actual planning and implementation of the training, which was conducted using ICT equipment, aiming at teacher training to improve 
classes for proactive, interactive, and authentic learning. Through this report, we would like to summarize our efforts over the past three years, identify issues that emerged from the ifference in implementation methods (face-to-face vs. online), improve our training plans for the next fiscal year and beyond, and examine how our training pro grams can be improved to enhance training.
kn-abstract=COVID-19 の流行に伴い，教員研修の在り方にも変化が生まれた。COVID-19 の流行以前には対面方式が中心であった教員研修が，COVID-19 の流行によって対面方式にとらわれない実施形態に移行した。令和２年度〜令和４年度に担当した倉敷市教育委員会倉敷教育センター主催の「３年目研修」の事例をもとに，主体的・対話的で深い学びに向けた授業改善に繋がるための教員研修を目指し，ICT 機器を活用しながら実施した研修の計画及び実施の実際について報告する。この報告を通して３年間の取り組みを整理するとともに，対面方式及びオンライン方式という異なる形態で研修を実施したことにより見えてきた課題を整理し，次年度以降の研修計画の改善およびよりよい研修の在り方を検討し，研修の充実に繋げていきたい。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SainoHironori
en-aut-sei=Saino
en-aut-mei=Hironori
kn-aut-name=才野博紀
kn-aut-sei=才野
kn-aut-mei=博紀
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Center for Teacher Education and Development, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学教師教育開発センター
en-keyword=教員研修 (Teacher Training)
kn-keyword=教員研修 (Teacher Training)
en-keyword=研修形態 (Training Format)
kn-keyword=研修形態 (Training Format)
en-keyword=主体的・対話的で深い学びに向けた授業改善(Improving teaching for proactive, interactive, and authentic learning)
kn-keyword=主体的・対話的で深い学びに向けた授業改善(Improving teaching for proactive, interactive, and authentic learning)
en-keyword=ICT 機器の活用 (Use of ICT equipment)
kn-keyword=ICT 機器の活用 (Use of ICT equipment)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=161
end-page=174
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2023
dt-pub=20230330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Re-defining Bullying to include Objectivity as well as Subjectivity Analyzing the most serious bullying styles
kn-title=第三者と被害者の視点を含んだ「いじめ」の定義を考える ―最も深刻ないじめの形態分析を通して―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=Ministry of Education in Japan has defined bullying based on the subjectivity of students who have been damaged. This definition has led to one problem?chiefly, that it may be too late to find it. We thought it would be effective to find it more quickly if we establish guidelines that include objective views but subjective ones. We used points of bullying levels to indicate a subjective aspect; furthermore, we used three styles of bullying: continuousness, the number of bullies, and the advantages of the bullies. One hundred and forty-three university students participated in this research. We found that the most serious bullying styles involved cases where the bullies had more advantages compared to the victim. In such situations, the victim could not access opportunities to exact revenge upon them. We thought that it was related to the most serious level of bullying. We have discussed ways to prevent bullying based on our results.
kn-abstract=平成25 年に文部科学省が発表した「いじめの定義」は「被害者の主観」に基づいて定義されている。この定義は第三者がいじめを早期に発見する基準にはなりにくいと考えられた。そこで本研究の目的を，第三者視点でもあり，被害者視点でもある，いじめの早期発見に貢献できる指標を作成することとした。その際，「継続性」，「加害者の人数」，「加害者の優位性」の３要因をいじめの「形態」として取り上げ，被害者にとって最も深刻ないじめの「形態」は何かについて大学生143 名を対象にアンケート調査を行って検討した。分析の結果，被害者にとって最も深刻ないじめの形態は，「被害者に対して加害者の方が優位な立場にある状態」であった。つまり，いじめの被害者が加害者に対してやり返せないことが，最も被害者にとって深刻であることがわかった。この結果を踏まえて，いじめ早期発見に繋がる私なりの「いじめの定義」を作成した。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MiyagawaSena
en-aut-sei=Miyagawa
en-aut-mei=Sena
kn-aut-name=宮川世名
kn-aut-sei=宮川
kn-aut-mei=世名
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AokiTazuko
en-aut-sei=Aoki
en-aut-mei=Tazuko
kn-aut-name=青木多寿子
kn-aut-sei=青木
kn-aut-mei=多寿子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University(Master Degree Course)
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域
en-keyword=いじめ深刻度 (styles of bullying)
kn-keyword=いじめ深刻度 (styles of bullying)
en-keyword=いじめの形態 (bullying levels)
kn-keyword=いじめの形態 (bullying levels)
en-keyword=第三者視点を含んだ定義 (definition include objective views)
kn-keyword=第三者視点を含んだ定義 (definition include objective views)
en-keyword=最も深刻ないじめ (the most serious bullying)
kn-keyword=最も深刻ないじめ (the most serious bullying)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=557
end-page=564
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Correlation between Mean Arterial Pressure and Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation on Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Some pediatric cardiac patients might experience low regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) during surgery. We investigated whether a pediatric patient’s mean arterial pressure (MAP) can affect the rSO2 value during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We retrospectively analyzed the cases of the pediatric patients who underwentcardiac surgery at our hospital (Jan. ?Dec. 2019; n=141). At each MAP stage, we constructed line charts through the mean of the rSO2 values corresponding to each MAP and then calculated the correlation coefficients. We next divided the patients into age subgroups (neonates, infants, children) and into cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) and acyanotic CHD groups and analyzed these groups in the same way. The analyses of all 141 patients revealed that during CPB the rSO2 value increased with an increase in MAP (r=0.1626). There was a correlation between rSO2 and MAP in the children (r=0.2720) but not in the neonates (r=0.06626) or infants (r=0.05260). Cyanotic CHD or acyanotic CHD did not have a significant effect on the rSO2/MAP correlation. Our analysis demonstrated different patterns of a correlation between MAP and rSO2 in pediatric cardiac surgery patients, depending on age. MAP was positively correlated with rSO2 typically in children but not in neonate or infant patients.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=PanYu
en-aut-sei=Pan
en-aut-mei=Yu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SongQingqing
en-aut-sei=Song
en-aut-mei=Qingqing
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KanazawaTomoyuki
en-aut-sei=Kanazawa
en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Morimatsu
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=mean arterial pressure
kn-keyword=mean arterial pressure
en-keyword=cerebral oxygen saturation
kn-keyword=cerebral oxygen saturation
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=489
end-page=502
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Current Insights into Mesenchymal Signatures in Glioblastoma
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fatal primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite decades of research, the prognosis for GBM patients is still disappointing. One major reason for the intense therapeutic resistance of GBM is inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. GBM-intrinsic transcriptional profiling has suggested the presence of at least three subtypes of GBM: the proneural, classic, and mesenchymal subtypes. The mesenchymal subtype is the most aggressive, and patients with the mesenchymal subtype of primary and recurrent tumors tend to have a worse prognosis compared with patients with the other subtypes. Furthermore, GBM can shift from other subtypes to the mesenchymal subtype over the course of disease progression or recurrence. This phenotypic transition is driven by diverse tumor-intrinsic molecular mechanisms or microenvironmental factors. Thus, better understanding of the plastic nature of mesenchymal transition in GBM is pivotal to developing new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the elements involved in the mesenchymal transition of GBM and discuss future perspectives.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MatsumotoYuji
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei=Yuji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IchikawaTomotsugu
en-aut-sei=Ichikawa
en-aut-mei=Tomotsugu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurozumiKazuhiko
en-aut-sei=Kurozumi
en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=DateIsao
en-aut-sei=Date
en-aut-mei=Isao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=glioma
kn-keyword=glioma
en-keyword=glioblastoma
kn-keyword=glioblastoma
en-keyword=mesenchymal subtype
kn-keyword=mesenchymal subtype
en-keyword=mesenchymal transition
kn-keyword=mesenchymal transition
en-keyword=heterogeneity
kn-keyword=heterogeneity
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220906
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Middle-income traps and complexity in economic development
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In this paper, we develop a simple multi-technology overlapping generations model that exhibits a wide variety of economic development patterns. In particular, our numerical simulations demonstrate that for a given set of parameter values, various types of development patterns such as the middle-income trap, the poverty trap, periodic or chaotic fluctuations, and high-income paths can coexist, and which pattern is realized depends only on the initial value of capital. For another set of parameter values, we show that, due to the pinball effect, an economy starting at a middle-income level can take off to the high-income state or get caught in the poverty trap in a seemingly random way after undergoing transient chaotic motions. Our results can explain observed complicated patterns of economic development in a unified manner.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=AsanoTakao
en-aut-sei=Asano
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShibataAkihisa
en-aut-sei=Shibata
en-aut-mei=Akihisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YokooMasanori
en-aut-sei=Yokoo
en-aut-mei=Masanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Economics , Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Institute of Economic Research, Kyoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Faculty of Economics , Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=CES production functionchaos
kn-keyword=CES production functionchaos
en-keyword=complex dynamics
kn-keyword=complex dynamics
en-keyword=middle-income traps
kn-keyword=middle-income traps
en-keyword=nonlinearities
kn-keyword=nonlinearities
en-keyword=technology choice
kn-keyword=technology choice
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=297
end-page=305
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202206
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Evaluation of Fast Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Using New Software Designed for Widespread Clinical Use
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Clinical research using restricted diffusion-weighted imaging, especially diffusion kurtosis (DK) imaging, has been progressing, with reports on its effectiveness in the diagnostic imaging of cerebral infarctions, neurodegenerative diseases, and tumors, among others. However, the application of DK imaging in daily clinical practice has not spread because of the long imaging time required and the use of specific software for image creation. Herein, with the aim of promoting clinical research using DK imaging at any medical facility, we evaluated fast DK imaging using a new software program. We developed a new macro program that produces DK images using general-purpose, inexpensive software (Microsoft Excel and ImageJ), and we evaluated fast DK imaging using bio-phantoms and a healthy volunteer in clinical trials. The DK images created by the new software with diffusion-weighted images captured with short-time imaging sequences were similar to the original DK images captured with long-time imaging sequences. The DK images using three b-values, which can reduce the imaging time by 43%, were equivalent to the DK images using five b-values. The DK imaging technique developed herein might allow any medical facility to increase its daily clinical use of DK imaging and easily conduct clinical research.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro
en-aut-sei=Kuroda
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KonishiKohei
en-aut-sei=Konishi
en-aut-mei=Kohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SugimotoKohei
en-aut-sei=Sugimoto
en-aut-mei=Kohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshimuraYuuki
en-aut-sei=Yoshimura
en-aut-mei=Yuuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HamadaKentaro
en-aut-sei=Hamada
en-aut-mei=Kentaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KhasawnehcAbdullah
en-aut-sei=Khasawnehc
en-aut-mei=Abdullah
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BarhamMajd
en-aut-sei=Barham
en-aut-mei=Majd
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TekikiNouha
en-aut-sei=Tekiki
en-aut-mei=Nouha
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SugiantoIrfan
en-aut-sei=Sugianto
en-aut-mei=Irfan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BamgboseBabatunde O.
en-aut-sei=Bamgbose
en-aut-mei=Babatunde O.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IshizakaHinata
en-aut-sei=Ishizaka
en-aut-mei=Hinata
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShimizuYudai
en-aut-sei=Shimizu
en-aut-mei=Yudai
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamitsuYuki
en-aut-sei=Nakamitsu
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=13
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Al-HammadWlla E.
en-aut-sei=Al-Hammad
en-aut-mei=Wlla E.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=14
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KamizakiRyo
en-aut-sei=Kamizaki
en-aut-mei=Ryo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=15
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurozumiAkira
en-aut-sei=Kurozumi
en-aut-mei=Akira
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=16
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsushitaToshi
en-aut-sei=Matsushita
en-aut-mei=Toshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=17
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OhnoSeiichiro
en-aut-sei=Ohno
en-aut-mei=Seiichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=18
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KanazawaSusumu
en-aut-sei=Kanazawa
en-aut-mei=Susumu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=19
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AsaumiJunichi
en-aut-sei=Asaumi
en-aut-mei=Junichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=20
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=13
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=14
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=15
en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=16
en-affil=Central Division of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=17
en-affil=Central Division of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=18
en-affil=Central Division of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=19
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=20
en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=fast diffusion kurtosis imaging
kn-keyword=fast diffusion kurtosis imaging
en-keyword=mean kurtosis
kn-keyword=mean kurtosis
en-keyword=restricted diffusion
kn-keyword=restricted diffusion
en-keyword=Excel
kn-keyword=Excel
en-keyword=ImageJ
kn-keyword=ImageJ
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=17
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=e0267587
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220421
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Interest in Infectious Diseases specialty among Japanese medical students amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based, cross-sectional study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=IntroductionThe emergence of the novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has led to huge disruptions in the medical field and society. The significance of training and education for experts has been increasingly acknowledged in Japan, where the number of infectious disease (ID) specialists is reportedly insufficient. In this paper, we report the results of a web-based survey that was conducted to reveal the ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced medical students' awareness of ID specialists and future career choices. MethodThis cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in March 2021 and targeted 717 medical students belonging to Medical School of Okayama University, Japan. The questionnaire consisted of four questions meant to assess students' knowledge and future intentions of becoming ID specialists. ResultsWe obtained 328 eligible questionnaires (response rate: 45.7%). Of 227 (69.2%) students who were aware of ID specialists, 99 (43.6%) answered that they came to know about them only after the pandemic, 12 (3.7%) answered that their interest in being an ID specialist arose during the pandemic, while 36 (11.0%) responded that they would rather not become ID specialists. At the time of the survey, 5 students (1.5%) were aiming to become ID specialists. ConclusionWe observed a very low rate of interest to be an ID specialist among medical students. The experience of the pandemic does not seem to have influenced Japanese medical students to choose ID as a specialty for their careers. Continuous efforts to increase the number of ID specialists are necessary in Japan as a countermeasure against the coming pandemic.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu
en-aut-sei=Hagiya
en-aut-mei=Hideharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OtsukaYuki
en-aut-sei=Otsuka
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TokumasuKazuki
en-aut-sei=Tokumasu
en-aut-mei=Kazuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki
en-aut-sei=Honda
en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito
en-aut-sei=Nishimura
en-aut-mei=Yoshito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ObikaMikako
en-aut-sei=Obika
en-aut-mei=Mikako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio
en-aut-sei=Otsuka
en-aut-mei=Fumio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=53
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=21
end-page=44
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220520
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Political, Economic, and Social Changes since the System Transformation Period in Poland: Doctrinal Trends of the Catholic Church and the Rise of Populism
kn-title=ポーランドにおける体制転換以降の政治・経済・社会的変動 −カトリック教会の動向とポピュリズム政治の台頭を中心に−
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This paper describes the doctrinal trends of the Catholic Church and the rise of populist politics by analyzing the political, economic, and social changes that have occurred since the system transformation period.<br>
In 1989, Poland became the first socialist country to establish a non-communist government and led the system transformations in Eastern European countries. Politically, Poland has broken the communist dictatorship and introduced political pluralism, economically she has promoted market liberalization, and socially she has achieved democratization and cultural pluralism. However, politicians, while superficially advocating political pluralism, often engaged in a battle of mutual accusations through “lustration,” which refers to policies that limit the participation of former communists, especially informants of the communist secret police, resulting in political chaos. In recent years, under the “Law and Justice” regime, Catholic traditions and conservative national and family values have been honored as values that must be upheld by Poles, while EU skepticism has been propagated, anti-immigrant sentiments have been fanned, and the clampdown on LGBT people has been tightened. Conflicts with the EU have also intensified, including political intervention in the judiciary and the supremacy of domestic law over EU law. Put simply, Law and Justice, while claiming to reintroduce pluralism into a Polish polity dominated by the monolithic technocratic liberalism that was dominant in the early years of the transition, has in fact empowered social groups that felt excluded from the post-1989 reforms to create a more exclusive monism. <br>
Thus, while Poland received international attention as a country that led the way in democratization among the former Eastern European countries, even today pluralism has not taken stable root. In Chapter 1, the political and economic situation and changes of doctrine of the Church during the transition period will be analyzed. In Chapter 2, the political changes during the EU accession period and the church’s search for its position will mentioned. The chapter ３ will analyze the rise of populism after 2015 and its relationship to the Catholic Church.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IemotoHiroichi
en-aut-sei=Iemoto
en-aut-mei=Hiroichi
kn-aut-name=家本博一
kn-aut-sei=家本
kn-aut-mei=博一
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TaguchiMasahiro
en-aut-sei=Taguchi
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=田口雅弘
kn-aut-sei=田口
kn-aut-mei=雅弘
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=名古屋学院大学名誉教授

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=11
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220408
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=MRI multiparametric scoring system for pial blood supply of intracranial meningiomas
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background: Meningiomas are occasionally fed by pial blood supply (PBS). It is postulated that peritumoral flow void (PTFV), peritumoral brain edema (PTBE), and absence of an arachnoid plane (AP) are useful parameters for evaluating PBS. Purpose: To determine whether conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a multiparametric scoring system (MSS) is a useful way to predict PBS. Material and Methods: Forty-six patients were included and divided: PBS and non-PBS groups. Differences between the groups in six parameters of MR imaging were analyzed: tumor size, tumor location, PTBE grade, AP grade, PTFV, and MIB1 labeling index (MIB1-LI) grade. Cutoff values were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for the differentiation of both groups based on statistically significant parameters. All cases were scored as 1 (PBS) or 0 (non-PBS) for each parameter according to set thresholds. Individual scores were totaled for each case, yielding a combined score for each case to obtain a cutoff value using ROC curve analysis for the MSS. Results: Peritumoral brain edema grade, AP grade, PTFV, and MIB-LI grade were statistically associated with PBS. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed that PTBE grade 3 or 4, AP grade 3 or 4, and PTFV positivity had the highest accuracy of 69%, 64%, and 68%, respectively. Regarding the MSS, a cutoff value of 2 had the highest accuracy of 71%; PBS diagnosis was indicated by at least two of the three parameters, namely, PTBE grade, AP grade, and PTFV. Conclusion: The MSS is a useful way to predict PBS in intracranial meningiomas on MRI.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HigakiFumiyo
en-aut-sei=Higaki
en-aut-mei=Fumiyo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=InoueSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Inoue
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OdaWakako
en-aut-sei=Oda
en-aut-mei=Wakako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsusueEiji
en-aut-sei=Matsusue
en-aut-mei=Eiji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HirakiTakao
en-aut-sei=Hiraki
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Okayama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama City Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Tottori Prefectural Central Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=pial blood supply
kn-keyword=pial blood supply
en-keyword=peritumoral brain edema
kn-keyword=peritumoral brain edema
en-keyword=arachnoid plane
kn-keyword=arachnoid plane
en-keyword=peritumoral flow void
kn-keyword=peritumoral flow void
en-keyword=magnetic resonance imaging
kn-keyword=magnetic resonance imaging
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=173
end-page=177
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202204
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Survey of Shoulder Osteoarthritis in Patients who Underwent Total Hip Arthroplasty for Hip Osteoarthritis
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have reported a relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) of the lower limbs and OA of the shoulder joints. We evaluated the correlation between shoulder OA and hip OA. We collected contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images of the shoulder joints of 159 patients with hip OA who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). The images, taken 1 week after THA to monitor venous thromboembolism (VTE), were used to examine the prevalence of shoulder OA. They were compared with those of 103 controls who underwent CECT during the same period to monitor VTE. Shoulder OA was observed in 15% of the controls and 24% of the THA patients. Although the rate was somewhat higher in the THA group, the difference was not significant. However, in the THA group, significantly more patients with bilateral hip OA (33%) had shoulder OA than those with unilateral hip OA (17%). In summary, the prevalence of shoulder OA was significantly higher in patients with bilateral hip OA. In these patients, pain and instability in the hip joints require them to use arm support to stand up or walk, putting the weight-bearing shoulder at risk of developing OA.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MiyakeYoshiaki
en-aut-sei=Miyake
en-aut-mei=Yoshiaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MitaniShigeru
en-aut-sei=Mitani
en-aut-mei=Shigeru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NambaYoshifumi
en-aut-sei=Namba
en-aut-mei=Yoshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UmeharaNorifumi
en-aut-sei=Umehara
en-aut-mei=Norifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KawamotoToyohiro
en-aut-sei=Kawamoto
en-aut-mei=Toyohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FuruichiShuro
en-aut-sei=Furuichi
en-aut-mei=Shuro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School
kn-affil=
en-keyword=shoulder osteoarthritis
kn-keyword=shoulder osteoarthritis
en-keyword=hip osteoarthritis
kn-keyword=hip osteoarthritis
en-keyword=weight-bearing shoulder
kn-keyword=weight-bearing shoulder
en-keyword= total hip arthroplasty
kn-keyword= total hip arthroplasty
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=76
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=145
end-page=154
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=202204
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Construction of a Community Long-term Care Model for Home-based Elderly Individuals
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=With rapidly aging populations, family care functions can become weakened, and community health services often lack unified standards. A standardized and professional community home-based long-term care model (CHLCM) for the elderly is urgently needed in many regions of China and in other countries. Here, we explored the indicators of the need for a CHLCM among elderly individuals, and we constructed a CHLCM. We created and distributed a questionnaire regarding the requirement of long-term care services, based on a literature review. The two-rounds Delphi method was used, involving 20 experts who were randomly selected from among the medical universities, community health service centers, and nursing homes in Nanning, Guangxi, China. The experts’ enthusiasm rates in the questionnaire’s two rounds were 95% and 100%, respectively. The authentic coefficient of the experts’ consulting was 0.857, and that of the experts’ academic level was 0.835; the judgement coefficient was 0.880 and the familiar coefficient was 0.855. The CHLCM includes service content and an evaluation. The coordination coefficients for the two primary, eight secondary, and 29 tertiary indicators were 0.200, 0.386, and 0.184, respectively (p<0.05). The experts’ enthusiasm and authority were high. The coordination of the experts’ agreement was sufficient, and the analysis results were reliable. The CHLCM includes 29 items that provide a foundation and references for the formulation of concrete indicators and subsequent research.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=QinYi
en-aut-sei=Qin
en-aut-mei=Yi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LiuLinlin
en-aut-sei=Liu
en-aut-mei=Linlin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZhuFanghui
en-aut-sei=Zhu
en-aut-mei=Fanghui
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LuHuazhen
en-aut-sei=Lu
en-aut-mei=Huazhen
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HuangMingliu
en-aut-sei=Huang
en-aut-mei=Mingliu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine
kn-affil=
en-keyword=community home-based
kn-keyword=community home-based
en-keyword=long-term care
kn-keyword=long-term care
en-keyword=elderly
kn-keyword=elderly
en-keyword=indicator system
kn-keyword=indicator system
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=151
end-page=164
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=How to think of junior high school students about “The Period for Integrated Studies” - Relationship between the fulfillment of school life and subject learning and the competencies acquired by taking “The Period for Integrated Studies” -
kn-title=「総合的な学習の時間」に対する中学生のとらえかた -学校生活・教科学習の充実度と総学で身につく資質能力の関係-
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=This study clarifies how junior high school students perceive “The Period for Integrated Studies”. Third-year students in the first half of the secondary school are the subjects of this survey. This Secondary School is working on a six-year integrated education that is conscious of the connection with the second half of secondary school. The school has a curriculum centered on “The Period for Integrated Studies” with the goal of equipping students with seven key competencies. In the third grade, they are supposed to set their own issues related to “the way of life” , devise solutions, and summarize the obtained results in papers and posters. In this survey, I asked about the degree of fulfillment of third-year junior high school students in school life, the willingness to work on subject classes, and the degree of understanding of the content of the classes. In addition, the relationship between these results and the theme setting of “problem research”, the degree of fulfillment of each research plan, and the competencies and abilities that they feel “acquired” through “problem research” was examined. It was clarified that the students who were able to make a fulfilling research plan and set high-quality research subjects were more satisfied with their school life, motivated to take lessons in the subject, and understood the contents of the lessons.
kn-abstract=本稿では「総合的な学習の時間」に対する中学生のとらえかたを学校社会学的視点から明らかにする。対象は中等教育学校前期課程の３年生である。同校では後期課程との接続を意識した六年一貫教育に取り組んでいる。７つのキー・コンピテンシーを設定し「課題研究（＝総合的な学習（探究）の時間）」を柱とする教育課程を編成している。３年生は「自己の生き方」に関わる課題を自ら設定し，解決方法を工夫して取り組み，得られた成果を論文及びポスターにまとめ，発表することになっている。調査では学校生活の充実度や教科の授業への意欲及び授業内容の理解度を尋ねた。また，それらと「課題研究」のテーマ設定や計画の充実度，「課題研究」を通して「身についた」と感じる資質能力との関係を検討した。計画の充実度や設定したテーマの質と，学校生活への満足度や教科の授業に対する意欲及び授業内容の理解度との間には明確な相関が見られることが明らかとなった。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TakahataHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Takahata
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=��旗浩志
kn-aut-sei=��旗
kn-aut-mei=浩志
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Center for Teacher Education and Development, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学教師教育開発センター
en-keyword=総合的な学習の時間(The Period for Integrated Studies)
kn-keyword=総合的な学習の時間(The Period for Integrated Studies)
en-keyword=課題研究（探究学習）(“problem research”)
kn-keyword=課題研究（探究学習）(“problem research”)
en-keyword=資質能力(competencies)
kn-keyword=資質能力(competencies)
en-keyword=中等教育学校(Secondary School)
kn-keyword=中等教育学校(Secondary School)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=135
end-page=149
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Development of a Theoretical Framework for Local Japanese Language Education for Citizen Development: Focusing on the Career Development of Foreign Technical Interns
kn-title=市民育成のための地域日本語教育の理論的枠組みの構築―外国人技能実習生のキャリア形成に焦点化して―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=This paper attempts to develop a theoretical framework for the principles and methods of Japanese language education in local communities for the development of citizens. In doing so, it will take up Japanese language education for foreign technical interns as a particular target, focus on the career development of technical interns, and theoretically consider how Japanese language education can be useful in this regard through an analysis of previous research. One of the problems facing foreign technical intern trainees is that they are not sufficiently assured of learning that will lead to their career development, because the content of their education does not incorporate the development of citizens who will participate in the local community. This paper analyzes previous studies on the relationship between citizenship development and Japanese language education, and theoretically examines the role of Japanese language education in helping foreigners to pursue their individual way of life in Japanese society. In addition, I will explore the possibility and significance of community Japanese language education as a p lace for lea rning for th is purpose.
kn-abstract=本稿は、市民育成のための地域社会における日本語教育の原理や方法に関する理論的枠組みを構築しようとするものである。その際、特に外国人技能実習生に対する日本語教育を対象として取り上げ、技能実習生のキャリア形成に焦点をあて、それに対して日本語教育がどのように役立つかを、先行研究の分析を通して理論的に考察していく。外国人技能実習生が直面している問題としては、地域社会に参加する市民を育成するための内容が組み込まれていないことによって、彼ら・彼女らのキャリア形成につながる学習が十分に保障されていないことが挙げられる。本稿では、市民育成と日本語教育の関連について考察した先行研究を分析し、外国人が日本社会の中で個々の生き方を追求するにあたって、日本語教育がどのような役割を担うかを理論的に検討する。そのうえで、そのための学習の場としての地域日本語教育の可能性と意義を探る。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HOANG Ngoc Bich Tran
en-aut-sei=HOANG Ngoc Bich Tran
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KuwabaraToshinori
en-aut-sei=Kuwabara
en-aut-mei=Toshinori
kn-aut-name=桑原敏典
kn-aut-sei=桑原
kn-aut-mei=敏典
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=外国人技能実習生(local Japanese language education)
kn-keyword=外国人技能実習生(local Japanese language education)
en-keyword=地域日本語教育(citizenship education)
kn-keyword=地域日本語教育(citizenship education)
en-keyword=市民性形成(career development)
kn-keyword=市民性形成(career development)
en-keyword=キャリア形成(foreign technical intern trainees)
kn-keyword=キャリア形成(foreign technical intern trainees)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=119
end-page=133
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Practical Research on “Time for Comprehensive Learning” for Building Relationships -Examination from Collaborative Learning in the Revised Course of Study-
kn-title=人間関係形成構築に向けた「総合的な学習の時間」の実践研究 ―改訂学習指導要領における協働的学びからの検討―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract= After the revised course of study (2017), unlike the time for comprehensive study so far, more  emphasis was placed on "self-lifestyle", "human relations formation", and inquiring viewpoints /  ideas. It has become the contents. In this paper, based on  the  author's  (Sakuda)  primary   education  practice  case,  we  will  explore  the significance of the time for comprehensive  study, and consider it from a comprehensive and  cross-sectional  perspective,  and  have  a   sustainable  future.  Clarified  the necessary qualifications and abilities throughout society. In  addition, we conducted theoretical and practical considerations on the role that the time for  comprehensive learning will play in order to build human relationships, and suggested issues and  prospects for the time for comprehensive learning that will be necessary in the future. From today's educational issues listed in ESD, it is possible to consider the meaning, effect, and  role of comprehensive learning time from multiple aspects, and to think about one's own way of life  toward "genuine learning". Clarified the educational principle of "true power to live".
kn-abstract=改訂学習指導要領(平成29年)を経て，これまでの総合的な学習の時間とは異なり，より一層，「自己の生き方」「人間関係形成」及び，「探究的な見方・考え方」について重視された内容となっている。本稿では，筆者(作田)の初等教育実践事例をもとにし，総合的な学習の時間の目指す意義を探ると共に，総合的・横断的な視点から検討し，持続可能な未来社会にわたり，必要となる資質能力について明らかとした。また，人間関係形成の構築に向け，これからの総合的な学習の時間の果たす役割について理論及び，実践的考察を行い，今後に必要な総合的な学習の時間における課題と展望について示唆した。なお，ESDに掲げる今日的教育課題から，総合的な学習の時間における意義と効果及び，役割について多面的な側面から考察し，「真正な学び」に向けた自己の生き方を考えることのできる，「真の生きる力」に関する教育原理について明らかとした。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SakudaKiyohiro
en-aut-sei=Sakuda
en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro
kn-aut-name=作田澄泰
kn-aut-sei=作田
kn-aut-mei=澄泰
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakayamaYoshikazu
en-aut-sei=Nakayama
en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu
kn-aut-name=中山芳一
kn-aut-sei=中山
kn-aut-mei=芳一
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Waseda University Research Institute for Teacher Education
kn-affil=早稲田大学総合研究機構 教師教育研究所

affil-num=2
en-affil=Okayama University whole school education and student support organization Career Development Center
kn-affil=岡山大学全学教育・学生支援機構 キャリア開発センタ−
en-keyword=協働的学び(Collaborative learning)
kn-keyword=協働的学び(Collaborative learning)
en-keyword=課題発見と課題解決(Problem finding and problem solving)
kn-keyword=課題発見と課題解決(Problem finding and problem solving)
en-keyword=人間関係形成(Relationship formation)
kn-keyword=人間関係形成(Relationship formation)
en-keyword=真正な学び(Authentic learning)
kn-keyword=真正な学び(Authentic learning)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=59
end-page=73
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220330
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=保育施設における幼児の描画活動に見るキャラクター表現と図形模写能力の関連性
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=This study discusses the relationship between the act of drawing characters and the shapes copying ability of preschoolers observed in drawing activities. For the purpose of elucidating the effects of drawing characters on the children’s shapes copying ability, preschoolers were divided into the following three groups and their shapes copying ability was comparatively examined: 1) those who draw characters, 2) those who do not draw characters but draw in a general way, 3) those who do not participate in drawing activities on their own initiative. As a result, it was elucidated that children who draw characters and children who draw in a general way both had the same level of shapes copying ability. Accordingly, as with the act of drawing in a general way, the act of drawing characters may be regarded as one of the expression forms for building drawing experience.
kn-abstract=本論は，幼児の描画活動におけるキャラクター表現と図形模写能力の関連性について考察する。そこで，キャラクター表現の有無が，図形模写能力に与える影響を明らかにするため，�@キャラクター表現を行う幼児，�Aキャラクターは描かないが一般的な描画を行う幼児，�B自発的に描画活動を行わない幼児，の３群に分け図形模写能力を比較検討した。その結果，キャラクター表現をする幼児も，一般的な描画をする幼児と同水準の図形模写能力を有していることが，明らかになった。このことから，キャラクター表現は，一般の描画表現と同様に，描画経験の蓄積となる表現形式の１つになり得ると考えられる。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=Shiota(Seiyo)Yui
en-aut-sei=Shiota(Seiyo)
en-aut-mei=Yui
kn-aut-name=塩田(青陽)結
kn-aut-sei=塩田(青陽)
kn-aut-mei=結
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakahashiKei
en-aut-sei=Takahashi
en-aut-mei=Kei
kn-aut-name=��橋慧
kn-aut-sei=��橋
kn-aut-mei=慧
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatayamaMika
en-aut-sei=Katayama
en-aut-mei=Mika
kn-aut-name=片山美香
kn-aut-sei=片山
kn-aut-mei=美香
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Fund-contributed medical corporation Ryutenkai Katagi Neurosurgery Sigma Daycare Center
kn-affil=基金拠出型医療法人隆典会片木脳神経外科内シグマ託児所

affil-num=2
en-affil=The Faculty of Ch ildhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University
kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域
en-keyword=保育施設(preschool facility)
kn-keyword=保育施設(preschool facility)
en-keyword=幼児(preschoolers)
kn-keyword=幼児(preschoolers)
en-keyword=描画活動(drawing activities)
kn-keyword=描画活動(drawing activities)
en-keyword=キャラクター表現(drawing characters)
kn-keyword=キャラクター表現(drawing characters)
en-keyword=図形模写能力(shapes copying ability)
kn-keyword=図形模写能力(shapes copying ability)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=2711
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220217
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The significance of ErbB2/3 in the conversion of induced pluripotent stem cells into cancer stem cells
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are suggested to be responsible for drug resistance and aggressive phenotypes of tumors. Mechanisms of CSC induction are still under investigation. Our lab has established a novel method to generate CSCs from iPSCs under a cancerous microenvironment mimicked by the conditioned medium (CM) of cancer-derived cells. Here, we analyzed the transcriptome of CSCs, which were converted from iPSCs with CM from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. The differentially expressed genes were identified and used to explore pathway enrichment. From the comparison of the CSCs with iPSCs, genes with elevated expression were related to the ErbB2/3 signaling pathway. Inhibition of either ErbB2 with lapatinib as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor or ErbB3 with TX1-85-1 or siRNAs arrested cell proliferation, inhibited the in vitro tumorigenicity, and lead to loss of stemness in the converting cells. The self-renewal and tube formation abilities of cells were also abolished while CD24 and Oct3/4 levels were reduced, and the MAPK pathway was overactivated. This study shows a potential involvement of the ErbB2/ErbB3 pathway in CSC generation and could lead to new insight into the mechanism of tumorigenesis and the way of cancer prevention.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HassanGhmkin
en-aut-sei=Hassan
en-aut-mei=Ghmkin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZahraMaram H.
en-aut-sei=Zahra
en-aut-mei=Maram H.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SenoAkimasa
en-aut-sei=Seno
en-aut-mei=Akimasa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SenoMasaharu
en-aut-sei=Seno
en-aut-mei=Masaharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=30
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=65
end-page=81
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2022
dt-pub=20220209
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Transatlantic connections in John McGahern’s The Leavetaking
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=John McGahern is most often regarded as an artist of the local or the “self-enclosed world”, as Declan Kiberd puts it. His works explore the lives and loves of characters in settings that correspond closely with the localities of McGahern’s youth in the north-west of Ireland. Accordingly, the themes of his work are often aligned with those of other “provincial” Irish realists, in Kavanagh’s sense of the word: religion, exile, and local identities or selves. This paper, however, focuses on instances where McGahern contrasts the self with the non-self in distinct national-cultural terms. Specifically, in The Leavetaking, as well as the short stories “Doorways” and “Bank Holiday”, he introduces American characters (women in all three cases) as much, it would seem, to provide the spark of a love-interest for those stories’ drifting male protagonists as to provide a commentary on Ireland by way of comparison with America and American perceptions of Ireland. In doing so, McGahern deploys a transatlantic vocabulary of circulation and movement that reflects the openness of his enclosed locality to the non-local, the self to the non-self.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FoxBrian
en-aut-sei=Fox
en-aut-mei=Brian
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Letters, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=John McGahern
kn-keyword=John McGahern
en-keyword=Irish literature
kn-keyword=Irish literature
en-keyword=Irish identity
kn-keyword=Irish identity
en-keyword=transatlantic literature
kn-keyword=transatlantic literature
en-keyword=America and Ireland
kn-keyword=America and Ireland
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=12835
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=64
end-page=73
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210827
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=(Short Paper) Evidence Collection and Preservation System with Virtual Machine Monitoring
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In a system audit and verification, it is important to securely collect and preserve evidence of execution environments, execution processes, and program execution results. Evidence-based verification of program processes ensures their authenticity; for example, the processes include no altered/infected program library. This paper proposes a solution for collection of evidence on program libraries based on Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM). The solution can solve semantic gap by obtaining library file path names. This paper also shows a way to obtain hash values of library files from a guest OS. Furthermore, this paper provides examples of evidence on program xecution and the overhead of the solution.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakamuraToru
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Toru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ItoHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Ito
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KiyomotoShinsaku
en-aut-sei=Kiyomoto
en-aut-mei=Shinsaku
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamauchiToshihiro
en-aut-sei=Yamauchi
en-aut-mei=Toshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=KDDI Research, Inc.
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=KDDI Research, Inc.
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Virtual machine introspection
kn-keyword=Virtual machine introspection
en-keyword=Forensics
kn-keyword=Forensics
en-keyword=OS security
kn-keyword=OS security
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=4
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=348
end-page=356
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20211222
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Multilayer Poly(ionic liquid) Microcapsules Prepared by Sequential Phase Separation and Subsequent Photopolymerization in Ternary Emulsion Droplets
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We report a simple microfluidic process to prepare multilayer poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) microcapsules via sequential liquid-liquid phase separation within ternary emulsion droplets followed by the photopolymerization of ionic liquid (IL) monomerrich phases. The emulsion droplets, consisting of a hydrophobic IL monomer, water, and　N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) are first formed in a microfluidic device, and the droplets are then carried by a continuous aqueous phase. Subsequently, DMF diffuses from the droplets into the continuous aqueous phase, resulting in the sequential internal phase separation of the IL-rich and water-rich phases, generating multilayer emulsion droplets comprising alternating IL-rich and water-rich phases. The number of droplet layers was controlled from one to five by varying the initial composition of the dispersed phase. Furthermore, in the conditions where higher-order emulsion droplets were formed, the time scale between the onset of phase separation and the formation of each layer became shorter. Additionally, the IL-rich phases in the multilayer emulsion droplets were easily solidified via photopolymerization, resulting in PILs microcapsules with multilayer structures. Anion exchange of the obtained PILs microcapsules effectuated their transition from a hydrophobic to a hydrophilic nature, resulting in PILs microcapsules with diverse swelling properties and PILs layers permeability across various solvents. We believe that the sequential phase separation system observed in the ternary emulsion droplets can pave the way for the design of PILs-based colloidal materials with thermodynamically non-equilibrium structures, thereby extending their application in functional materials.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Takaichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YasuharaYuka
en-aut-sei=Yasuhara
en-aut-mei=Yuka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu
en-aut-sei=Ono
en-aut-mei=Tsutomu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Microfluidics
kn-keyword=Microfluidics
en-keyword=Multiple emulsion
kn-keyword=Multiple emulsion
en-keyword=Poly(ionic liquid)
kn-keyword=Poly(ionic liquid)
en-keyword=Phase separation
kn-keyword=Phase separation
en-keyword=Non-equilibrium structure
kn-keyword=Non-equilibrium structure
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=51
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=343
end-page=359
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202111
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=‘All sorts of wonderful impossibilities’: Tracing the Genesis of John McGahern’s ‘Doorways’
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=It is well known by now that John McGahern was a scrupulous reviser of his own work, even if this insight into his compositional methods has not been accompanied by a substantial body of research on the archive and the revisions themselves. This essay aims to address this anomaly by focusing on the genetic evolution of McGahern's short story ‘Doorways’. Specifically, it will concentrate on the earliest handwritten drafts when the work is at its most provisional. The consensus view of McGahern's writing practices is of an artist committed to ideals of Flaubertian perfectionism, but implicit in this view is a bias towards the more granular work of late-stage refinement. The approach this essay takes shows McGahern at his most distant from the Flaubertian perfectionist that he is best known as, thus opening up new ways to reconsider how those works achieve their distinctive appearance of refined delicacy and simplicity.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FoxBrian
en-aut-sei=Fox
en-aut-mei=Brian
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=57
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=138
end-page=146
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202111
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Outer membrane vesicles of Porphyromonas gingivalis: Novel communication tool and strategy
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as a universal method of cellular communications and are reportedly produced in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. Bacterial EVs are often called "Outer Membrane Vesicles" (OMVs) as they were the result of a controlled blebbing of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Bacterial EVs are natural messengers, implicated in intra-and inter-species cell-to-cell communication among microorganism populations present in microbiota. Bacteria can incorporate their pathogens into OMVs; the content of OMVs differs, depending on the type of bacteria. The production of distinct types of OMVs can be mediated by different factors and routes. A recent study highlighted OMVs ability to carry crucial molecules implicated in immune modulation, and, nowadays, they are considered as a way to communicate and transfer messages from the bacteria to the host and vice versa. This review article focuses on the current understanding of OMVs produced from major oral bacteria, P. gingivalis: generation, characteristics, and contents as well as the involvement in signal transduction of host cells and systemic diseases. Our recent study regarding the action of P. gingivalis OMVs in the living body is also summarized. 
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OkamuraHirohiko
en-aut-sei=Okamura
en-aut-mei=Hirohiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HirotaKatsuhiko
en-aut-sei=Hirota
en-aut-mei=Katsuhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshidaKaya
en-aut-sei=Yoshida
en-aut-mei=Kaya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WengYao
en-aut-sei=Weng
en-aut-mei=Yao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HeYuhan
en-aut-sei=He
en-aut-mei=Yuhan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShiotsuNoriko
en-aut-sei=Shiotsu
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IkegameMika
en-aut-sei=Ikegame
en-aut-mei=Mika
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Uchida-FukuharaYoko
en-aut-sei=Uchida-Fukuhara
en-aut-mei=Yoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanaiAiri
en-aut-sei=Tanai
en-aut-mei=Airi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=GuoJiajie
en-aut-sei=Guo
en-aut-mei=Jiajie
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Medical Hygiene, Dental Hygiene Course, Kochi Gakuen College
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Oral Healthcare Education, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Comprehensive Dental Clinic, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Oral Morphology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Extracellular vesicles
kn-keyword=Extracellular vesicles
en-keyword=Outer membrane vesicles
kn-keyword=Outer membrane vesicles
en-keyword=Porphyromonas gingivalis
kn-keyword=Porphyromonas gingivalis
en-keyword=Host cell interaction
kn-keyword=Host cell interaction
en-keyword=In vivo imaging
kn-keyword=In vivo imaging
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=109
cd-vols=
no-issue=11
article-no=
start-page=3916
end-page=3928
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=2021916
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The eco‐evolutionary dynamics of prior selfing rates promote coexistence without niche partitioning under conditions of reproductive interference
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=1. Pollinator-mediated reproductive interference can occur when two or more plant species share the same pollinators. Recent studies have suggested that prior autonomous selfing mitigates reproductive interference, potentially facilitating coexistence even in the absence of pollination niche partitioning (i.e. the pre-emptive selfing hypothesis). However, whether the evolution of prior selfing promotes coexistence, in the context of the eco-evolutionary dynamics of population size, selfing rates and inbreeding depression, remains poorly understood.<br>
2. We constructed an individual-based model to examine the conditions under which the evolution of prior selfing promotes coexistence in the context of mutual reproductive interference. In the model, two plant species compete by way of mutual reproductive interference, and both have the potential to evolve the capacity for prior autonomous selfing. We expected that purging of deleterious mutations might result in evolutionary rescue, assuming that the strength of inbreeding depression declines as the population selfing rate increases; this would enable inferior competitors to maintain population density through the evolution of prior selfing.<br>
3. Our simulation demonstrated that evolution of prior selfing may promote coexistence, whereas reproductive interference in the absence of such evolution results in competitive exclusion. We found that lower pollinator availability is likely to favour rapid evolutionary shifts to higher prior selfing rates, thereby neutralising the negative effects of reproductive interference in both species. When the strength of inbreeding depression decreased with an increase in the population-level selfing rate, moderate pollinator availability resulted in long-term coexistence in which relative abundance-dependent selection on the prior selfing rate served to intermittently maintain the population density of the inferior competitor.<br>
4. Synthesis. We demonstrate that the evolution of prior selfing may increase population growth rates of inferior competitors and may consequently promote long-term coexistence via an evolutionary rescue. This constitutes a novel mechanism explaining the co-evolutionary coexistence of closely related plant species without niche partitioning, and is consistent with recent studies reporting that closely related species with mixed mating systems can co-occur sympatrically, even under conditions of mutual reproductive interference.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KatsuharaKoki
en-aut-sei=Katsuhara
en-aut-mei=Koki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TachikiYuuya
en-aut-sei=Tachiki
en-aut-mei=Yuuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IritaniRyosuke
en-aut-sei=Iritani
en-aut-mei=Ryosuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UshimaruAtushi
en-aut-sei=Ushimaru
en-aut-mei=Atushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University Kobe
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Biological Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS) RIKEN Wako Saitama Japan
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Human Development and Environment Kobe University Kobe Japan
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Co-evolution
kn-keyword=Co-evolution
en-keyword=evolutionary rescue
kn-keyword=evolutionary rescue
en-keyword=inbreeding depression
kn-keyword=inbreeding depression
en-keyword=individual-based model
kn-keyword=individual-based model
en-keyword=mixed mating
kn-keyword=mixed mating
en-keyword=pollinator-mediated competition
kn-keyword=pollinator-mediated competition
en-keyword=reproductive ecology
kn-keyword=reproductive ecology
en-keyword=selfing syndrome
kn-keyword=selfing syndrome
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=26
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=396
end-page=405
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=2018
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Access Control Mechanism to Mitigate Cordova Plugin Attacks in Hybrid Applications
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Hybrid application frameworks such as Cordova are more and more popular to create platform-independent applications (apps) because they provide special APIs to access device resources in a platform-agonistic way. By using these APIs, hybrid apps can access device resources through JavaScript. In this paper, we present a novel app-repackaging attack that repackages hybrid apps with malicious code; this code can exploit Cordova's plugin interface to steal and tamper with device resources. We address this attack and cross-site scripting attacks against hybrid apps. Since these attacks need to use plugins to access device resources, we refer to both of these attacks as Cordova plugin attacks. We further demonstrate a defense against Cordova plugin attacks through the use of a novel runtime access control mechanism that restricts access based on the mobile user's judgement. Our mechanism is easy to introduce to existing Cordova apps, and allows developers to produce apps that are resistant to Cordova plugin attacks. Moreover, we evaluate the effectiveness and performance of our mechanism.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KudoNaoki
en-aut-sei=Kudo
en-aut-mei=Naoki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamauchiToshihiro
en-aut-sei=Yamauchi
en-aut-mei=Toshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AustinThomas H.
en-aut-sei=Austin
en-aut-mei=Thomas H.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=San Jose State University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=hybrid Application
kn-keyword=hybrid Application
en-keyword=Android
kn-keyword=Android
en-keyword=Access Control
kn-keyword=Access Control
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1063
end-page=1069
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=20173
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Access Control for Plugins in Cordova-Based Hybrid Applications
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Hybrid application frameworks such as Cordova allow mobile application (app) developers to create platformindependent apps. The code is written in JavaScript, with special APIs to access device resources in a platform-agnostic way. In this paper, we present a novel app-repackaging attack that repackages hybrid apps with malicious code; this code can exploit Cordova’s plugin interface to tamper with device resources. We further demonstrate a defense against this attack through the use of a novel runtime access control mechanism that restricts access based on the mobile user’s judgement. Our mechanism is easy to introduce to existing Cordova apps, and allows developers to produce apps that are resistant to app-repackaging attacks.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KudoNaoki
en-aut-sei=Kudo
en-aut-mei=Naoki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamauchiToshihiro
en-aut-sei=Yamauchi
en-aut-mei=Toshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AustinThomas H.
en-aut-sei=Austin
en-aut-mei=Thomas H.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=San Jose State University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=1
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=21
end-page=28
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210331
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Business Case: Tourism Campaigning Process of the Shimanami Kaido Expressway over the Setouchi Inner Sea in Japan
kn-title=ビジネスケース：しまなみ海道の観光資源化
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The Shimanami Kaido Expressway was visioned as a national project in the early 1970s after two tragic maritime accidents in the Setouchi Inner Sea. Since the express way connecting several islands between Hiroshima and Ehime prefecture was placed in use in 1999, it has always been a valuable means of transportation for islanders and commuters to date. In addition, with the proactive efforts made by local governments, such as Imabari City, Onomichi City, let alone with the central and prefectural governments, it has come to be acknowledged to be a sanctuary for sport cyclists. Eventually, it attracts attentions from all over Japan as a successful benchmark for both businesspeople as well as policy makers who are interested in destination management practices as part of promotion policies of reginal economies. This eventual success, however, had not been envisioned as such for a long time since the commencement of its public usage. It would rather seem that the plan had taken on its shape after a long period of many twists and turns. Furthermore, while local governments have been closely cooperating with different types of stakeholders including the actual islanders to promote the development plans, their ways of thinking are still far from unanimous. The purpose of this article is to provide business and policy students with materials that draw lessons for viewing lengthy socioeconomic processes like this case which eventually converted a nation-level, large-scale infrastructure development plan into an area-specific destination management project.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakaoHikari
en-aut-sei=Nakao
en-aut-mei=Hikari
kn-aut-name=中尾光
kn-aut-sei=中尾
kn-aut-mei=光
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujiiDaiji
en-aut-sei=Fujii
en-aut-mei=Daiji
kn-aut-name=藤井大児
kn-aut-sei=藤井
kn-aut-mei=大児
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Japan Broadcasting Corporation
kn-affil=日本放送協会長崎放送局放送部

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科
en-keyword=しまなみ海道
kn-keyword=しまなみ海道
en-keyword=観光資源
kn-keyword=観光資源
en-keyword=サイクリング
kn-keyword=サイクリング
en-keyword=DMO
kn-keyword=DMO
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=11
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=211
end-page=223
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210322
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Study on the Childcare Practices of Rhythmic Music to Draw Out Children's Independent Physical Expression and Diverse Movements (2nd Report) ―Mainly Including a Case Study of a Class for 4 and 5 Years Old in a Childcare Facility― 
kn-title=子どもの主体的な身体表現と多様な動きを引き出すリトミックの保育実践研究（第二報）―保育施設における４･ ５歳児学級の事例を中心にして―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=In recent years, rhythmic in childcare has been expected to acquire a variety of learning not limited to the music field. As a result of the discussion mainly including a case study of a class for 4 and 5 years old in a childcare facility, we were able to confirm the development of "ability to experience music," "enhanced interest in music," "ability to listen carefully," "ability to think and express by themselves," "cooperativeness," "concentration," "immediate reaction," "sense of rhythm," and "sensitivity". It is important to adopt rhythmic music in childcare as a part of expressive education, and at the same time, to structure a systematic and comprehensive curriculum. In addition, it is essential for caregivers to truly enjoy rhythmic music in order to bring out children's independent physical expression and diverse movements, which requires a certain degree of specialized knowledge and skills. For example, they will need to be sensitive to the impressions of music as it changes according to musical elements, be familiar with the physical expression of potential rhythmic subjects in childcare, and be able to move in a variety of flexible ways. 
kn-abstract=保育におけるリトミックでは，近年，音楽領域に限らない多様な学びの獲得が期待されている。保育施設における４･５歳児学級の事例を中心に考察した結果，「音楽を体感する力」「音楽への興味の高まり」「注意して聴く力」「自分で考えて表現する力」「協調性」「集中力」「即時反応力」「リズム感」「感性」の育ちが確認できた。保育におけるリトミックは，表現教育の一環として採り入れると同時に，体系的･包括的なカリキュラムを構成することが重要である。また，子どもの主体的な身体表現と多様な動きを引き出すためには，保育者自身がリトミックを純粋に楽しむことが必要不可欠であり，そのためには，ある程度の専門的な知識と技術が求められる。例えば，音楽的要素によって変化する音楽の印象を感じ取る感性や，保育におけるリトミックの題材となり得るものを身体表現化することに慣れ，多様で柔軟な動きができるようになっておく必要があるだろう。 
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KOTAKESaori
en-aut-sei=KOTAKE
en-aut-mei=Saori
kn-aut-name=小竹沙織
kn-aut-sei=小竹
kn-aut-mei=沙織
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BABANoriko
en-aut-sei=BABA
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=馬場訓子
kn-aut-sei=馬場
kn-aut-mei=訓子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIKei
en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI
en-aut-mei=Kei
kn-aut-name=��橋慧
kn-aut-sei=��橋
kn-aut-mei=慧
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WATANABEYuzo
en-aut-sei=WATANABE
en-aut-mei=Yuzo
kn-aut-name=渡邊祐三
kn-aut-sei=渡邊
kn-aut-mei=祐三
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TAKAHASHIToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=TAKAHASHI
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=��橋敏之
kn-aut-sei=��橋
kn-aut-mei=敏之
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Minan Manmaru childcare center
kn-affil=御南まんまるこども園

affil-num=2
en-affil=The Department of Childhood Education, The Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University
kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部子ども教育学科

affil-num=3
en-affil=The Major of Child Education, The Department of Music, Sakuyo Junior College of Music
kn-affil=作陽短期大学音楽学科幼児教育専攻

affil-num=4
en-affil=Minan Manmaru childcare center
kn-affil=御南まんまるこども園

affil-num=5
en-affil=Graduate School of Education，Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=子ども (children)
kn-keyword=子ども (children)
en-keyword=身体表現 (physical expression)
kn-keyword=身体表現 (physical expression)
en-keyword=リトミック (rhythmic)
kn-keyword=リトミック (rhythmic)
en-keyword=保育実践 (childcare practice)
kn-keyword=保育実践 (childcare practice)
en-keyword=４･５歳児学級 (class for 4 and 5 years old)
kn-keyword=４･５歳児学級 (class for 4 and 5 years old)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=11
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=165
end-page=178
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210322
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Childcare Worker Training to Foster Capacity for Interpersonal Relationships: Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of the “Successful Self” Childcare Worker Version for Psychoeducation 
kn-title=人間関係力を育む保育者養成教育の実践 −心理教育“サクセスフル・セルフ”保育者養成版の作成，実施と評価− 
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=To help students at universities training to be childcare workers understand the ground realities of early childhood education and learn practically about the state of interpersonal relationships in the field, a “Successful Self” Childcare Worker Version was developed as a program in psychoeducation. Then, lessons from the first half of the program were conducted with 47 first-year students in a four-year program in early childhood education, and the content, implementation method, and effects of the program were examined. Student responses to the program indicated that the content was intelligible and useful, suggesting that the program fostered understanding of the self and others and functioned as an opportunity for students to consider their way of interacting with others. Although the results of questionnaire surveys conducted before and after the program highlighted changes in psychosocial factors, such as coping skills and self-efficacy for self-control, the effects of the program remain unclear and must be examined in future research. 
kn-abstract=保育者養成大学の学生が保育現場の実情を知り，職務上の人間関係のあり方について実践的に学ぶことができるようにするため，心理教育プログラム“サクセスフル・セルフ” 保育者養成版を作成後，四年制の保育者養成課程 1 年生 47 名を対象として前半のレッスンを実施し，その内容や実施方法，効果について検討した。学生の記述内容から，本プログラムは分かりやすく役立つ内容になっていることが示唆され，学生の自己・他者理解に?がり，人との関わり方について考える機会となったことが窺えた。プログラム実施前後の質問紙調査の結果，｢対応のスキル｣｢自己コントロールに関する自己効力感｣等の心理社会的要因の数値に変化は見られたものの，プログラムの効果については，今後さらに詳細な検討が必要だと考えられる。 
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KATOYumi
en-aut-sei=KATO
en-aut-mei=Yumi
kn-aut-name=加藤由美
kn-aut-sei=加藤
kn-aut-mei=由美
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ANDOMikayo
en-aut-sei=ANDO
en-aut-mei=Mikayo
kn-aut-name=安藤美華代
kn-aut-sei=安藤
kn-aut-mei=美華代
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Early Childhood Care and Education, Niimi University
kn-affil=新見公立大学健康科学部健康保育学科

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科
en-keyword=保育者養成 (childcare worker training)
kn-keyword=保育者養成 (childcare worker training)
en-keyword=人間関係力 (capacity for interpersonal relationships)
kn-keyword=人間関係力 (capacity for interpersonal relationships)
en-keyword=心理教育 (psychoeducation)
kn-keyword=心理教育 (psychoeducation)
en-keyword=大学生 (university students)
kn-keyword=大学生 (university students)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=11
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=75
end-page=88
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210322
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The E?ects of Taking a Class on Knowledge about Sexual and Gender Minorities and Homophobia
kn-title=性的マイノリティに関する授業が性的マイノリティへの知識や受容感に及ぼす影響 : 性的マイノリティに関する授業の前後で
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of taking a class on knowledge about sexual and gender minorities, confidence in one's own knowledge, and levels of homophobia. We measured the amount of knowledge students had about sexual and gender minorities, students’ confidence in answering the questionnaires correctly, and their levels of homophobia. The results showed that taking a class about sexual and gender minorities significantly increased the amount of knowledge students had about sexual and gender minorities and decreased their homophobia. However, the effect size in the level of homophobia was very small. As for the students’ confidence of their correct answers, before the class, those who had incorrect knowledge about sexual and gender minorities were more confident in their knowledge, but after the class, those who had correct knowledge were more confident in their knowledge, a positive correlation. Based on these results, it is necessary to find an effective way to decrease homophobia. 
kn-abstract=本研究の目的は，性的マイノリティへの関心やレディネスが備わっていない場合であっても授業を受けることにより性的マイノリティへの受容感や知識及び自身の知識に対する自信が変化するかどうかを明らかにすることである。方法は，教員志望の学生を対象に 100分の授業を実施した。調査項目は，性的マイノリティに関する知識量および正答確信度と同性愛者受容感尺度であった。結果は，授業を受けることで，有意に性的マイノリティに関する知識量が増え，同性愛者への受容感が高まることが分かった。しかし，受容感に対する授業の効果量は僅かであった。正答確信度に関しては，授業前は，誤った知識をもっている人ほど自分の知識に自信をもっていたが，授業後は，正しい知識を持っている人ほど自分の知識に自信を持っているという正の相関へ転じた。以上の結果から，性的マイノリティに対する受容感を高める効果的な授業の方法を模索していく必要があると考えられた。 
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NODAYukina
en-aut-sei=NODA
en-aut-mei=Yukina
kn-aut-name=野田夕月奈
kn-aut-sei=野田
kn-aut-mei=夕月奈
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YAMADATsuyoshi
en-aut-sei=YAMADA
en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi
kn-aut-name=山田剛史
kn-aut-sei=山田
kn-aut-mei=剛史
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OHMORIIori
en-aut-sei=OHMORI
en-aut-mei=Iori
kn-aut-name=大守伊織
kn-aut-sei=大守
kn-aut-mei=伊織
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Student at the Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科大学院生

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Urban Social and Cultural Studies, Yokohama City University
kn-affil=横浜市立大学都市社会文化研究科

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=性的マイノリティ (sexual and gender minority)
kn-keyword=性的マイノリティ (sexual and gender minority)
en-keyword=性の多様性 (diversity of sexuality)
kn-keyword=性の多様性 (diversity of sexuality)
en-keyword=教育 (education)
kn-keyword=教育 (education)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=20
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=19
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210319
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Trial of an Online Japanese Language Classes for “Foreign Community Residents” in Soja City, Okayama Prefecture: A Possibility for Another Way of Regional Japanese Education
kn-title=岡山県総社市におけるオンライン地域日本語教室の試み : 地域日本語教育における新たな可能性の模索
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NAKATOYasue
en-aut-sei=NAKATO
en-aut-mei=Yasue
kn-aut-name=中東靖恵
kn-aut-sei=中東
kn-aut-mei=靖恵
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=26
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=7
end-page=10
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202103
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Mitigation Effect of Thermal Environment on the Asphalt by Sprayed Water
kn-title=散水によるアスファルト上の暑熱環境緩和効果
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In this study, water was sprinkled on the asphalt surface during the hottest hours of the day using a sprinkler, and the effect was experimentally verified. An air temperature, a humidity, a ground surface temperature, and a globe temperature which is radiant heat from the ground were measured, and using these measurements, WBGT (Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature), which is an index of thermal stress on the human body, was calculated. In this way, we investigated not only the climate mitigation effect but also the mitigation effect of the thermal environment felt by the human body.</br>
As a result, the following points were clarified in this study: 1) During sprinkling, the air temperature, the black globe temperature, and the WBGT were lower in the sprinkled area than in the controlled area, and the wet-bulb temperature hardly changed. 2) Focusing on the amount of change after watering compared to before watering, the air temperature, the globe temperature, and the WBGT decreased, and the wet-bulb temperature hardly changed. 3) In the sprinkled area, when the WBGT value just before watering is higher than that of the strict caution (WBGT is 28°C or higher), it drops to a level one rank lower, and when the WBGT value just before watering is warning (WBGT value is 25°C or higher), it was almost no change. 
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MOROIZUMIToshitsugu
en-aut-sei=MOROIZUMI
en-aut-mei=Toshitsugu
kn-aut-name=諸泉利嗣
kn-aut-sei=諸泉
kn-aut-mei=利嗣
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ITONaoya
en-aut-sei=ITO
en-aut-mei=Naoya
kn-aut-name=伊藤尚也
kn-aut-sei=伊藤
kn-aut-mei=尚也
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MIURATakeshi
en-aut-sei=MIURA
en-aut-mei=Takeshi
kn-aut-name=三浦健志
kn-aut-sei=三浦
kn-aut-mei=健志
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=前田道路��

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科（名誉教授）
en-keyword=WBGT
kn-keyword=WBGT
en-keyword=Air temperature
kn-keyword=Air temperature
en-keyword=Globe Temperature
kn-keyword=Globe Temperature
en-keyword=Thermal environment
kn-keyword=Thermal environment
en-keyword=Sprayed water
kn-keyword=Sprayed water
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=27
cd-vols=
no-issue=11
article-no=
start-page=1257
end-page=1271
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210220
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A critical analysis of court decision on mainstream school attendance of a child with medical care needs in Japan: a long way towards inclusive education
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This paper begins by providing a history of Japanese law pertaining to special education and its change towards a more inclusive education with the ratification of United Nations Conventions of the Rights of People with Disabilities. With the changes in laws, more children with constant medical care needs in Japan have the opportunity to attend mainstream schools. The recent court case, Kosuge v. Kanagawa prefecture and Kawasaki city, ruled against a child with medical care needs to attend mainstream school and made the judgment that a special needs school (tokubetsushien gakk?) is the appropriate placement for the child based on the child’s disability type and degree of disability rather than needs and regardless of the wishes of the child’s parents. This paper explores the case judgement and discusses where Japanese special education laws fall short similar to that of the US system based on Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. We suggest the need to keep inclusion as the basic human rights aligned with the Article 24 of the UNCRPD rather than focusing on the continuum of education principle in IDEA, and operationalise the law into practice to make integration of children with disabilities, including children with constant medical care needs, into mainstream education schools.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YoshitoshiMunehisa
en-aut-sei=Yoshitoshi
en-aut-mei=Munehisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakahashiKiriko
en-aut-sei=Takahashi
en-aut-mei=Kiriko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Faculty of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Center on Disability Studies, University of Hawai?i at M?noa
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Inclusive education
kn-keyword=Inclusive education
en-keyword=medical care
kn-keyword=medical care
en-keyword=reasonable accommodation
kn-keyword=reasonable accommodation
en-keyword=court decision
kn-keyword=court decision
en-keyword=school placement
kn-keyword=school placement
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=22
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=1729
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=20210209
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Treatment of Oxidative Stress with Exosomes in Myocardial Ischemia
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=A thrombus in a coronary artery causes ischemia, which eventually leads to myocardial infarction (MI) if not removed. However, removal generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury that damages the tissue and exacerbates the resulting MI. The mechanism of I/R injury is currently extensively understood. However, supplementation of exogenous antioxidants is ineffective against oxidative stress (OS). Enhancing the ability of endogenous antioxidants may be a more effective way to treat OS, and exosomes may play a role as targeted carriers. Exosomes are nanosized vesicles wrapped in biofilms which contain various complex RNAs and proteins. They are important intermediate carriers of intercellular communication and material exchange. In recent years, diagnosis and treatment with exosomes in cardiovascular diseases have gained considerable attention. Herein, we review the new findings of exosomes in the regulation of OS in coronary heart disease, discuss the possibility of exosomes as carriers for the targeted regulation of endogenous ROS generation, and compare the advantages of exosome therapy with those of stem-cell therapy. Finally, we explore several miRNAs found in exosomes against OS.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=LiuYun
en-aut-sei=Liu
en-aut-mei=Yun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WangMengxue
en-aut-sei=Wang
en-aut-mei=Mengxue
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LiangYin
en-aut-sei=Liang
en-aut-mei=Yin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WangChen
en-aut-sei=Wang
en-aut-mei=Chen
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NaruseKeiji
en-aut-sei=Naruse
en-aut-mei=Keiji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakahashiKen
en-aut-sei=Takahashi
en-aut-mei=Ken
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=exosome
kn-keyword=exosome
en-keyword=oxidative stress
kn-keyword=oxidative stress
en-keyword=exosome therapy
kn-keyword=exosome therapy
en-keyword=myocardial infarction
kn-keyword=myocardial infarction
en-keyword=coronary heart disease
kn-keyword=coronary heart disease
en-keyword=reactive oxygen radicals
kn-keyword=reactive oxygen radicals
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=75
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=9
end-page=14
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202102
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Needle Tract Ablation in Liver Tissue Using a Cryoprobe Combined with an Electrosurgical Device: Influence of ex vivo and in vivo Animal Models
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=To assess the feasibility of needle tract ablation in liver tissue in ex vivo and in vivo animal models using a cryo-probe and electrosurgical device. The experimental device is made by inserting a cryoprobe through an intro-ducer sheath for insulation, with 2-cm of probe tip projecting out. A beagle liver was punctured by the device, and electric current was applied at 30-W with the electrosurgical knife touching the non-insulated device base. The discolored area of cut surface along the device was evaluated in 5 application-time groups (5 , 10 , 15 , 20, or 25 seconds). An ex vivo experiment was performed to determine an ablation algorithm with an appropriate application time by comparison with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) results. Thereafter, an in vivo experiment was performed to verify the algorithm’s feasibility. In the ex vivo model, the cut surface demonstrated different amounts of discolored area according to the application time. The total discolored area in the 20-seconds group was similar to that by RFA. In the in vivo model, the liver did not bleed, the total discolored area was similar to that ex vivo, and coagulation necrosis was confirmed by photomicrograph. Needle tract ablation can be per-formed using the experimental device and electrosurgical device.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=GobaraHideo
en-aut-sei=Gobara
en-aut-mei=Hideo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoAkira
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Akira
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KomakicToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Komakic
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KitayamaToshiaki
en-aut-sei=Kitayama
en-aut-mei=Toshiaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SakuraiJun
en-aut-sei=Sakurai
en-aut-mei=Jun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro
en-aut-sei=Iguchi
en-aut-mei=Toshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsuiYusuke
en-aut-sei=Matsui
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UkaMayu
en-aut-sei=Uka
en-aut-mei=Mayu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TomitaKoji
en-aut-sei=Tomita
en-aut-mei=Koji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HirakiTakao
en-aut-sei=Hiraki
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KanazawaSusumu
en-aut-sei=Kanazawa
en-aut-mei=Susumu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Division of Medical Informatics, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Otemae Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine,  Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=needle tract ablation
kn-keyword=needle tract ablation
en-keyword=cryoablation
kn-keyword=cryoablation
en-keyword=electrosurgical device
kn-keyword=electrosurgical device
en-keyword=animal
kn-keyword=animal
en-keyword=liver
kn-keyword=liver
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=74
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=483
end-page=493
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=202012
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Potential of Artificial Intelligence for Estimating Japanese Fetal Weights
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We developed an artificial intelligence (AI) method for estimating fetal weights of Japanese fetuses based on the gestational weeks and the bi-parietal diameter, abdominal circumference, and femur length. The AI comprised of neural network architecture was trained by deep learning with a dataset that consists of ± 2 standard devia-tion (SD), ± 1.5SD, and ± 0SD categories of the approved standard values of ultrasonic measurements of the fetal weights of Japanese fetuses (Japan Society of Ultrasonics in Medicine [JSUM] data). We investigated the residuals and compared 2 other regression formulae for estimating the fetal weights of Japanese fetuses by t-test and Bland-Altman analyses, respectively. The residuals of the AI for the test dataset that was 12.5% of the JSUM data were 6.4 ± 2.6, ?3.8 ± 8.6, and ?0.32 ± 6.3 (g) at ?2SD, +2SD, and all categories, respectively. The residu-als of another AI method created with all of the JSUM data, of which 20% were randomized validation data, were ?1.5 ± 9.4, ?2.5 ± 7.3, and ?1.1 ± 6.7 (g) for ?2SD, +2SD, and all categories, respectively. The residuals of this AI were not different from zero, whereas those of the published formulae differed from zero. Though vali-dation is required, the AI demonstrated potential for generating fetal weights accurately, especially for extreme fetal weights.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MiyagiYasunari
en-aut-sei=Miyagi
en-aut-mei=Yasunari
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyakeTakahito
en-aut-sei=Miyake
en-aut-mei=Takahito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Medical Data Labo
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Miyake Clinic
kn-affil=
en-keyword=deep learning
kn-keyword=deep learning
en-keyword=artificial intelligence
kn-keyword=artificial intelligence
en-keyword=fetal weight
kn-keyword=fetal weight
en-keyword=neural network
kn-keyword=neural network
en-keyword=ultrasound biometry
kn-keyword=ultrasound biometry
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=363
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=137257
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20201210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Sophisticated rGO synthesis and pre-lithiation unlocking full-cell lithium-ion battery high-rate performances
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=For the application to portable devices and storage of renewable energies, high-performance lithium-ion batteries are in great demand. To this end, the development of high-performance electrode materials has been actively investigated. However, even if new materials exhibit high performance in a simple evaluation, namely half-cell tests, it is often impossible to obtain satisfactory performance with an actual battery (full cell). In this study, the structure of graphene analogs is modified in various ways to change crystallinity, disorder, oxygen content, electrical conductivity, and specific surface area. These graphene analogs are evaluated as negative electrodes for lithium-ion batteries, and we found reduced graphene oxide prepared by combination of chemical reduction and thermal treatment was the optimum. In addition, a full cell is fabricated by combining it with LiCoO2 modified with BaTiO3, which is applicable to high-speed charge?discharge cathode material developed in our previous research. In general, pre-lithiation is performed for the anode when assembling full cells. In this study, we optimized a "direct pre-lithiation" method in which the electrode and lithium foil were in direct contact before assembling a full cell, and created a lithium-ion battery with an output of 293 Wh kg?1 at 8,658 W kg?1.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=Camp?onBeno?t Denis Louis 
en-aut-sei=Camp?on
en-aut-mei=Beno?t Denis Louis 
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshikawaYumi
en-aut-sei=Yoshikawa
en-aut-mei=Yumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TeranishiTakashi
en-aut-sei=Teranishi
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishinaYuta
en-aut-sei=Nishina
en-aut-mei=Yuta
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Graphene
kn-keyword=Graphene
en-keyword=Lithium-ion battery
kn-keyword=Lithium-ion battery
en-keyword=Full-cell
kn-keyword=Full-cell
en-keyword=LiCoO2
kn-keyword=LiCoO2
en-keyword=High-rate
kn-keyword=High-rate
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=9
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=e20
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200925
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A study for 2-D indoor localization using multiple leaky coaxial cables
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Indoor localization technology, which can provide the location information of the target object or stochastic things, is becoming essential requirement for many applications and services such as Internet-of-Things (IoT), real-time control in the development of Fifth-generation (5G) technology. Leaky coaxial cable which can be used as antennas is able to detect the location of the user in a simple way due to its potential property. In this paper, we proposes a simple method to improve the localization accuracy of 2-D indoor localization using multiple LCX cables. In addition, we also evaluate the channel capacity loss due to the localization error of the LCX-MIMO using our proposed method.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ZhuJunjie
en-aut-sei=Zhu
en-aut-mei=Junjie
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HouPengcheng
en-aut-sei=Hou
en-aut-mei=Pengcheng
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HouYafei
en-aut-sei=Hou
en-aut-mei=Yafei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=DennoSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Denno
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkadaMinoru
en-aut-sei=Okada
en-aut-mei=Minoru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Division of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Leaky coaxial cable
kn-keyword=Leaky coaxial cable
en-keyword=Capacity
kn-keyword=Capacity
en-keyword=MIMO
kn-keyword=MIMO
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=15
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=191
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200526
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Short-term outcomes of mirogabalin in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain: a retrospective study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background</br>
Mirogabalin, which is approved for the treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain in Japan, is a ligand for the α2δ subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels. Both pregabalin and mirogabalin act as nonselective ligands at the α2δ-1 and α2δ-2 subunits. Mirogabalin has a unique binding profile and long duration of action. Pregabalin has been reported to produce intolerable adverse effects in some patients. This study investigated outcomes associated with mirogabalin administration in patients with peripheral neuropathic pain who ceased treatment with pregabalin.</br>
Methods</br>
We retrospectively assessed peripheral neuropathic pain using the neuropathic pain screening questionnaire (NeP score) in 187 patients (58 men, 129 women) who were treated with mirogabalin. All patients had switched from pregabalin to mirogabalin due to lack of efficacy or adverse events. Differences in the treatment course (i.e., numeric rating scale (NRS) scores) were compared using one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc tests.</br>
Results</br>
The mean age of the patients was 72.3?years (range, 30?94?years), and the mean duration of disease was 37?months (range, 3?252?months). After treatment with mirogabalin for 1?week, NRS scores significantly decreased compared with baseline and continued to decrease over time. After 8?weeks, NRS scores improved by ??30% from baseline in 113 patients (69.3%). Twenty-four patients (12.8%) stopped mirogabalin treatment due to adverse events. Somnolence (26.7%), dizziness (12.3%), edema (5.9%), and weight gain (0.5%) were noted as adverse events of mirogabalin.</br>
Conclusions</br>
The results of this investigation indicate that mirogabalin is safe and effective for reducing peripheral neuropathic pain.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomoko
en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga
en-aut-mei=Tomoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomonori
en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga
en-aut-mei=Tomonori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishidaKeiichiro
en-aut-sei=Nishida
en-aut-mei=Keiichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MisawaHaruo
en-aut-sei=Misawa
en-aut-mei=Haruo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakigawaTomoyuki
en-aut-sei=Takigawa
en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamaneKentaro
en-aut-sei=Yamane
en-aut-mei=Kentaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsujiHironori
en-aut-sei=Tsuji
en-aut-mei=Hironori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakeiYoshitaka
en-aut-sei=Takei
en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Toshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kurashiki Municipal Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Peripheral neuropathic pain
kn-keyword=Peripheral neuropathic pain
en-keyword=Mirogabalin
kn-keyword=Mirogabalin
en-keyword=Pregabalin
kn-keyword=Pregabalin
en-keyword=Adverse event
kn-keyword=Adverse event
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=10
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=7307
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200429
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Controlling Electronic States of Few-walled Carbon Nanotube Yarn via Joule-annealing and p-type Doping Towards Large Thermoelectric Power Factor
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Flexible, light-weight and robust thermoelectric (TE) materials have attracted much attention to convert waste heat from low-grade heat sources, such as human body, to electricity. Carbon nanotube (CNT) yarn is one of the potential TE materials owing to its narrow band-gap energy, high charge carrier mobility, and excellent mechanical property, which is conducive for flexible and wearable devices. Herein, we propose a way to improve the power factor of CNT yarns fabricated from few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWCNTs) by two-step method; Joule-annealing in the vacuum followed by doping with p-type dopants, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluo-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ). Numerical calculations and experimental results explain that Joule-annealing and doping modulate the electronic states (Fermi energy level) of FWCNTs, resulting in extremely large thermoelectric power factor of 2250 mu Wm(-1) K-2 at a measurement temperature of 423K. Joule-annealing removes amorphous carbon on the surface of the CNT yarn, which facilitates doping in the subsequent step, and leads to higher Seebeck coefficient due to the transformation from (semi) metallic to semiconductor behavior. Doping also significantly increases the electrical conductivity due to the effective charge transfers between CNT yarn and F4TCNQ upon the removal of amorphous carbon after Joule-annealing.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MyintMay Thu Zar
en-aut-sei=Myint
en-aut-mei=May Thu Zar
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishikawaTakeshi
en-aut-sei=Nishikawa
en-aut-mei=Takeshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OmotoKazuki
en-aut-sei=Omoto
en-aut-mei=Kazuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=InoueHirotaka
en-aut-sei=Inoue
en-aut-mei=Hirotaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamashitaYoshifumi
en-aut-sei=Yamashita
en-aut-mei=Yoshifumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KyawAung Ko Ko
en-aut-sei=Kyaw
en-aut-mei=Aung Ko Ko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HayashiYasuhiko
en-aut-sei=Hayashi
en-aut-mei=Yasuhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Materials science
kn-keyword=Materials science
en-keyword=Nanoscience and technology
kn-keyword=Nanoscience and technology
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=6
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=29
end-page=40
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20190626
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A Mechanism Linking Discrimination, Conflict, and Switching Behaviour in Bicultural Individuals
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This study focuses on the switching behaviour exhibited by Zainichi Koreans (ethnic Koreans living in Japan who have effectively managed to maintain their Korean nationality and have
 been granted the status of tokubetsu eijusha [“special” permanent residents] by the Japanese government). In the present article, the term “switching” refers to the alteration of behaviour according to different cultural contexts. This study aimed to identify the mechanism underlying links between perceived discrimination, internal conflict, and switching. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 184 Zainichi Koreans. Path analyses showed that discrimination had a significant effect on conflict (β = .31, p < .001), and that conflict enhanced switching significantly (β = .25, p < .001). In addition, discrimination directly exerted a significant, positive effect on switching (β = .25, p < .001). These findings suggest that switching may ultimately be caused by discrimination on the part of the host’s majority society or individuals. This study’s findings contribute to the theory that switching is a way for immigrants to protect themselves if they perceive discrimination from ? or feel conflicted toward ? the society in which they live.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TanakaTomoko
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Tomoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LeeJungHui
en-aut-sei=Lee
en-aut-mei=JungHui
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Kanagawa Dental University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=bicultural individuals
kn-keyword=bicultural individuals
en-keyword=conflict
kn-keyword=conflict
en-keyword=discrimination
kn-keyword=discrimination
en-keyword=Japan
kn-keyword=Japan
en-keyword=switching
kn-keyword=switching
en-keyword=Zainichi Koreans
kn-keyword=Zainichi Koreans
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=74
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=359
end-page=364
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=202008
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Hospital Evacuation Assistance from Public and Private Resources: Lessons Learned from the 2018 Western Japan Floods
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=During major flooding in June/July 2018, the Mabi Memorial Hospital in Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan was flooded and patients were stranded in the hospital. Peace Winds Japan, a non-governmental organization, collaborated with the Japanese Disaster Medical Assistance Team and Self-Defense Force Public to transport 8 critical patients from the hospital by helicopter. Ultimately, 54 patients and hospital staff members were safely evacuated. The evacuation was accomplished without any casualties, despite the severe conditions. Public and private organizations can work together and continue to seek ways to collaborate and cooperate in disaster settings.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=InabaMototaka
en-aut-sei=Inaba
en-aut-mei=Mototaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi
en-aut-sei=Naito
en-aut-mei=Hiromichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MuramatsuTomoyoshi
en-aut-sei=Muramatsu
en-aut-mei=Tomoyoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamadaTaihei
en-aut-sei=Yamada
en-aut-mei=Taihei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SakataTaizo
en-aut-sei=Sakata
en-aut-mei=Taizo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori
en-aut-sei=Nakao
en-aut-mei=Atsunori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Mabi Memorial Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Peace Winds Japan
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=natural disaster
kn-keyword=natural disaster
en-keyword=transportation
kn-keyword=transportation
en-keyword=rain
kn-keyword=rain
en-keyword=relief work
kn-keyword=relief work
en-keyword=public-private sector partnerships
kn-keyword=public-private sector partnerships
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=220
cd-vols=
no-issue=9
article-no=
start-page=1900021
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20190403
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Rapid Synthesis of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Particles with High Molecular Weight by Soap‐Free Emulsion Polymerization Using Water‐in‐Oil Slug Flow
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= flow process for the production of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles is proposed by soap‐free emulsion polymerization using a water‐in‐oil (W/O) slug flow in a microreactor. Thin oil films generated around the dispersed aqueous phase of the W/O slug prevent the prepared particles from adhesion to the microchannel wall, enabling the continuous production of PMMA particles without clogging. The effects of the linear flow rate of the slug flow and the addition of ethanol in the dispersed aqueous phase on the polymerization are evaluated. It is found that increasing the linear flow rate of the slug flow or the addition of ethanol in the dispersed aqueous phase results in PMMA particles with high molecular weight (?1500 kg mol?1) in 20 min reaction time. It is believed that this process would be a promising way to prepare polymer particles with high molecular weight in a short reaction time.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Takaichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KaritaKengo
en-aut-sei=Karita
en-aut-mei=Kengo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TawaraKoki
en-aut-sei=Tawara
en-aut-mei=Koki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SogaTakuya
en-aut-sei=Soga
en-aut-mei=Takuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu
en-aut-sei=Ono
en-aut-mei=Tsutomu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Material and Energy Science, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=heterogeneous polymerization
kn-keyword=heterogeneous polymerization
en-keyword=internal circulation
kn-keyword=internal circulation
en-keyword=microreactors
kn-keyword=microreactors
en-keyword=microspheres
kn-keyword=microspheres
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=298
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1273
end-page=1281
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200717
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Flow synthesis of monodisperse micron-sized polymer particles by heterogeneous polymerization using a water-in-oil slug flow with a non-ionic surfactant
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Flow synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) particles was performed by heterogeneous polymerization of methyl methacrylate using a water-in-oil (W/O) slug flow with or without a non-ionic surfactant in the continuous organic phase. It was found that undesired phenomena in this polymerization system, clogging of the channel and broadening particle size distribution, can occur when growing polymer particles adsorb to the W/O interface during polymerization, and that the addition of non-ionic surfactant to the continuous organic phase prevents the particles from adsorption to the W/O interface and gives monodisperse polymer particles. In addition, it was shown that as the initiator concentration increases, the particle diameter becomes larger, resulting in monodisperse micron-sized polymer particles with 100% monomer conversion at a 120-min reaction time. These results indicated that the heterogeneous polymerization process using a W/O slug flow can be a promising way to continuously prepare monodisperse polymer particles with micron sizes in a short reaction time.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Takaichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KaritaKengo
en-aut-sei=Karita
en-aut-mei=Kengo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu
en-aut-sei=Ono
en-aut-mei=Tsutomu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Microreactor
kn-keyword=Microreactor
en-keyword=Heterogeneous polymerization
kn-keyword=Heterogeneous polymerization
en-keyword=Slug flow
kn-keyword=Slug flow
en-keyword=Monodisperse
kn-keyword=Monodisperse
en-keyword=Micron-sized particle
kn-keyword=Micron-sized particle
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=130
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=34
end-page=40
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200507
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity in circadian rhythms in an armed beetle, Gnatocerus cornutus (Tenebrionidae)
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Circadian rhythms, their free-running periods and the power of the rhythms are often used as indicators of biological clocks, and there is evidence that the free-running periods of circadian rhythms are not affected by environmental factors, such as temperature. However, there are few studies of environmental effects on the power of the rhythms, and it is not clear whether temperature compensation is universal. Additionally, genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity in biological clocks are important for understanding the evolution of biological rhythms, but genetic and plastic effects are rarely investigated. Here, we used 18 isofemale lines (genotypes) of Gnatocerus cornutus to assess rhythms of locomotor activity, while also testing for temperature effects. We found that total activity and the power of the circadian rhythm were affected by interactions between sex and genotype or between sex, genotype and temperature. The males tended to be more active and showed greater increases in activity, but this effect varied across both genotypes and temperatures. The period of activity varied only by genotype and was thus independent of temperature. The complicated genotype?sex?environment interactions we recorded stress the importance of investigating circadian activity in more integrated ways.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MatsumuraKentarou
en-aut-sei=Matsumura
en-aut-mei=Kentarou
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AbeMasato S
en-aut-sei=Abe
en-aut-mei=Masato S
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SharmaManmohan D
en-aut-sei=Sharma
en-aut-mei=Manmohan D
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HoskenDavid J
en-aut-sei=Hosken
en-aut-mei=David J
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshiiTaishi
en-aut-sei=Yoshii
en-aut-mei=Taishi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyatakeTakahisa
en-aut-sei=Miyatake
en-aut-mei=Takahisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, RIKEN
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Centre for Ecology and Conservation, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Centre for Ecology and Conservation, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=circadian rhythm
kn-keyword=circadian rhythm
en-keyword=Gnatocerus cornutus
kn-keyword=Gnatocerus cornutus
en-keyword=isofemale line
kn-keyword=isofemale line
en-keyword=power of circadian rhythm
kn-keyword=power of circadian rhythm
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=14
cd-vols=
no-issue=10
article-no=
start-page=e0223656
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20191017
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Identification of social relation within pedestrian dyads
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This study focuses on social pedestrian groups in public spaces and makes an effort to identify the type of social relation between the group members. As a first step for this identification problem, we focus on dyads (i.e. 2 people groups). Moreover, as a mutually exclusive categorization of social relations, we consider the domain-based approach of Bugental, which precisely corresponds to social relations of colleagues, couples, friends and families, and identify each dyad with one of those relations. For this purpose, we use anonymized trajectory data and derive a set of observables thereof, namely, inter-personal distance, group velocity, velocity difference and height difference. Subsequently, we use the probability density functions (pdf) of these observables as a tool to understand the nature of the relation between pedestrians. To that end, we propose different ways of using the pdfs. Namely, we introduce a probabilistic Bayesian approach and contrast it to a functional metric one and evaluate the performance of both methods with appropriate assessment measures. This study stands out as the first attempt to automatically recognize social relation between pedestrian groups. Additionally, in doing that it uses completely anonymous data and proves that social relation is still possible to recognize with a good accuracy without invading privacy. In particular, our findings indicate that significant recognition rates can be attained for certain categories and with certain methods. Specifically, we show that a very good recognition rate is achieved in distinguishing colleagues from leisure-oriented dyads (families, couples and friends), whereas the distinction between the leisure-oriented dyads results to be inherently harder, but still possible at reasonable rates, in particular if families are restricted to parent-child groups. In general, we establish that the Bayesian method outperforms the functional metric one due, probably, to the difficulty of the latter to learn observable pdfs from individual trajectories.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YucelZeynep
en-aut-sei=Yucel
en-aut-mei=Zeynep
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZanlungoFrancesco
en-aut-sei=Zanlungo
en-aut-mei=Francesco
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FelicianiClaudio
en-aut-sei=Feliciani
en-aut-mei=Claudio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=GregorjAdrien
en-aut-sei=Gregorj
en-aut-mei=Adrien
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KandaTakayuki
en-aut-sei=Kanda
en-aut-mei=Takayuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Intelligent Robotics and Communication Laboratory, ATR
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology,The University of Tokyo
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Intelligent Robotics and Communication Laboratory, ATR
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=140
cd-vols=
no-issue=45
article-no=
start-page=15425
end-page=15429
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=20181022
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Use of Cyclopropane as C1 Synthetic Unit by Directed Retro- Cyclopropanation with Ethylene Release
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Cyclopropanation of alkenes is a well-established textbook reaction for the synthesis of cyclopropanes, where a “high-energy” carbene species is exploited to drive the reaction forward. However, little attention has been focused toward molecular transformations involving the reverse reaction, retro-cyclopropanation (RC). This is because of difficulties associated with both cleaving the two geminal C?C single bonds and exploiting the generated carbenes for further transformations in an efficient and selective manner. Here, we report that a molybdenum-based catalytic system overcomes the above challenges and effects the RC of cyclopropanes bearing a pyridyl group with the release of ethylene (alkene) and the subsequent intramolecular cyclization leading to pyrido[2,1-a]isoindoles. The reaction allows for the uncommon use of cyclopropanes as C1 synthetic units in contrast to most conventional reactions in which cyclopropanes are used as C3 synthetic units. We anticipate that this new strategy will pave the way for C1 cyclopropane chemistry.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SobiAsako
en-aut-sei=Sobi
en-aut-mei=Asako
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name= KobashiTakaaki
en-aut-sei= Kobashi
en-aut-mei=Takaaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakaiKazuhiko
en-aut-sei=Takai
en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=2180
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=020028
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20191210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Consideration to Display Operator Support Information to Human Operators under High Mental Pressure
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Operator support systems are extensively studied and developed to support human operators for their activities in especially an abnormal condition of a nuclear power plant. By the advancement of computer technology and artificial intelligence, an operator support system can provide detailed support information based on detailed models and utilizing detailed simulation of plant dynamics and/or complicated inference algorithms. However, human operators may not understand the detailed support information under high mental pressure in an abnormal plant condition. In such a case, it is important how to provide essential and understandable support information. This paper deals with a technique to simplify functional models in order to display operator support information that is generated based on detailed functional models. This paper defines eight cognitive states of human operators from the viewpoint of cognitive abilities of human. In addition, three ways to simplify functional models are identified.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=GofukuAkio
en-aut-sei=Gofuku
en-aut-mei=Akio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=operator support system
kn-keyword=operator support system
en-keyword= information display
kn-keyword= information display
en-keyword=model simplification
kn-keyword=model simplification
en-keyword=cognitive state
kn-keyword=cognitive state
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=131
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=165
end-page=167
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20191202
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Reforming the way doctors work
kn-title=医師の働き方改革
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HamadaJun
en-aut-sei=Hamada
en-aut-mei=Jun
kn-aut-name=浜田淳
kn-aut-sei=浜田
kn-aut-mei=淳
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Health Economics and Policy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　医療政策・医療経済学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=10
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=215
end-page=229
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200320
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Improving Moral Courses in the Use of Care-Thinking Aiming for Children to Explore Together
kn-title=ケア的思考の活用による道徳科の授業改善 : 共同的に探求する子供をめざして
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract= Moral Courses in elementary and junior high school have been changed and requires a qualitative shift in teaching with thinking and discussing. The curriculum guidelines specifically show what moral lessons are aiming for, and the on-site teachers' awareness of improving the quality of classes has increased. Therefore, in order to provide a class in which children can explore their own way of life better, the emphasis on care thinking, which is one of the pluralistic thinking approaches advocated by Matthew Lipman, has been emphasized. We applied to class and worked on class improvement. I want to explore the effects of incorporating care thinking into moral education lessons in comparison with the past practice in which the author has gradually adopted creative thinking and critical thinking.
kn-abstract= 「特別の教科 道徳」となり，「考え，議論する道徳」への授業の質的転換が求められている。学習指導要領には，道徳科として目指す学びが具体的に示されており，現場の教員にも授業の質を改善するという意識が高まってきた。そこで，子供が共同的に自己のよりよい生き方を探求していくことができる授業となるよう，マシュー・リップマンの提唱する多元的思考アプローチの一つであるケア的思考を重視して道徳科の授業に応用し，授業改善に取り組んだ。筆者が創造的思考，批判的思考を段階的に取り入れてきたこれまでの実践と比較しながら実践を進め，道徳科の授業に，ケア的思考を意識的に取り入れることにより，創造的思考や批判的思考が活性化され，さらには三つの思考が作用し合うことが明らかになった。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OzakiMasami
en-aut-sei=Ozaki
en-aut-mei=Masami
kn-aut-name=尾崎正美
kn-aut-sei=尾崎
kn-aut-mei=正美
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=ケア的思考 (Care-Thinking)
kn-keyword=ケア的思考 (Care-Thinking)
en-keyword=探求の共同体 (Community of Inquiry)
kn-keyword=探求の共同体 (Community of Inquiry)
en-keyword=道徳科授業 (Moral Courses)
kn-keyword=道徳科授業 (Moral Courses)
en-keyword=多元的思考アプローチ (Plural Thinking approach)
kn-keyword=多元的思考アプローチ (Plural Thinking approach)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=10
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1686
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200115
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Novel Insights Into N-Glycan Fucosylation and Core Xylosylation in C. reinhardtii
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii) N-glycans carry plant typical beta 1,2-core xylose, alpha 1,3-fucose residues, as well as plant atypical terminal beta 1,4-xylose and methylated mannoses. In a recent study, XylT1A was shown to act as core xylosyltransferase, whereby its action was of importance for an inhibition of excessive Man1A dependent trimming. N-Glycans found in a XylT1A/Man1A double mutant carried core xylose residues, suggesting the existence of a second core xylosyltransferase in C. reinhardtii. To further elucidate enzymes important for N-glycosylation, novel single knockdown mutants of candidate genes involved in the N-glycosylation pathway were characterized. In addition, double, triple, and quadruple mutants affecting already known N-glycosylation pathway genes were generated. By characterizing N-glycan compositions of intact N-glycopeptides from these mutant strains by mass spectrometry, a candidate gene encoding for a second putative core xylosyltransferase (XylT1B) was identified. Additionally, the role of a putative fucosyltransferase was revealed. Mutant strains with knockdown of both xylosyltransferases and the fucosyltransferase resulted in the formation of N-glycans with strongly diminished core modifications. Thus, the mutant strains generated will pave the way for further investigations on how single N-glycan core epitopes modulate protein function in C. reinhardtii.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OltmannsAnne
en-aut-sei=Oltmanns
en-aut-mei=Anne
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HoepfnerLara
en-aut-sei=Hoepfner
en-aut-mei=Lara
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ScholzMartin
en-aut-sei=Scholz
en-aut-mei=Martin
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZinziusKaren
en-aut-sei=Zinzius
en-aut-mei=Karen
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SchulzeStefan
en-aut-sei=Schulze
en-aut-mei=Stefan
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HipplerMichael
en-aut-sei=Hippler
en-aut-mei=Michael
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of M?nster
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of M?nster
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of M?nster
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of M?nster
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of M?nster
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=C. reinhardtii
kn-keyword=C. reinhardtii
en-keyword=N-glycosylation
kn-keyword=N-glycosylation
en-keyword=xylosyltransferase
kn-keyword=xylosyltransferase
en-keyword=fucosyltransferase
kn-keyword=fucosyltransferase
en-keyword=mass spectrometry
kn-keyword=mass spectrometry
en-keyword=post-translational modification
kn-keyword=post-translational modification
en-keyword=secretory pathway
kn-keyword=secretory pathway
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=10
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=165
end-page=181
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200320
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=岡山大学教育学部特別支援教育教員養成における米国での海外研修プログラム
kn-title=A Japanese-United States Faculty-Led Study Abroad Program for Special Education Teacher Preparation
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=本稿は、岡山大学教育学部学校教育教員養成課程特別支援教育コース・専修学生を対象に行われている米国での海外研修プログラムの意義と課題について論じたものである。まず、プログラム実施の背景と目的、内容について述べた。続いて、海外研修に参加した学生の中で共通して浮かび上がる意識体験を描写し、その意味について論じた。最後に、参加学生が日本の特別支援教育実践の新たな価値を発見できるような授業の在り方について、若干の考察を試みた。
kn-abstract= This article delineates a faculty-led study abroad program that has been conducted for 15 years by a special needs education (SNE) teacher preparation program in Japan. A description of the content and context of the program is followed by a series of observations made by study abroad participants during site visits in the United States of America (U.S.). Finally, suggestions are proposed for how participants’ observations may be used to help them review the values and beliefs embedded in SNE practices in Japan in a way that sublates contradicting values and beliefs between the U.S. and Japan as a means of developing better practices in Japan.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OHTAKEYoshihisa
en-aut-sei=OHTAKE
en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=CHEATHAMGregory
en-aut-sei=CHEATHAM
en-aut-mei=Gregory
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TANJITakayuki
en-aut-sei=TANJI
en-aut-mei=Takayuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Special Education, University of Kansas
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=faculty-led study abroad program (海外研修プログラム)
kn-keyword=faculty-led study abroad program (海外研修プログラム)
en-keyword=special education (特別支援教育)
kn-keyword=special education (特別支援教育)
en-keyword=teacher preparation (教員養成)
kn-keyword=teacher preparation (教員養成)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=4
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=11
end-page=30
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20191230
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=ZAINICHI KOREANS’ ETHNIC IDENTITIES AND ROLES OF ETHNIC ORGANISATION AND COMMUNITY
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= This paper discusses how Zainichi Koreans developed their identities both within and outside the realm of the ethnic community and ethnic organisations. This study uses qualitative multimethods research based on interviews with members and non-members of Zainichi Koirean organisations and field observations. The examination on Zainichi Koirean organisation members mainly concentrates on lived experiences of members from one of the ethnic organisations of Zainichi Koreans, Chongryun. This study finds that although some young Koreans separate themselves from the organisation and the homeland, they remain in the community. Many Chongryun Koreans share a collective ethnic consciousness, which was based on members’ love for the Chongryun schools. While there is an internal division within the community in terms of political views, many members still have a strong sense of group solidarity. On the other hand, the identities of non-member respondents are remarkably diverse. While some of them are assimilated into Japanese society, others retain strong ethnic identities. Their identities are less affected by any ethnic organisations and they rarely share collective memories with other Zainichi Koreans. This study shows that social networks and experiences of ethnic community individuals have a key role in determining their identities and the ways in which they live their lives.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WICKSTRUMYuuka
en-aut-sei=WICKSTRUM
en-aut-mei=Yuuka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学 全学教育・学生支援機構
en-keyword=Zainichi Koreans
kn-keyword=Zainichi Koreans
en-keyword=ethnic associations
kn-keyword=ethnic associations
en-keyword=ethnic community
kn-keyword=ethnic community
en-keyword=collective identity
kn-keyword=collective identity
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=139
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=887
end-page=890
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20190601
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Problems with Laboratory Notebooks in Academia and How to Resolve Them
kn-title=アカデミアにおける実験記録の悩み それを解決するには
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= There is currently a major effort to promote drug discovery in academia as a way to seed new drug development in the pharmaceutical industry. However, there are concerns in industry about the quality of drug candidates generated in academic institutions. These concerns encompass culture and perceptions with respect to intellectual property management, the process of product development, and the reliability of scientific data. Questions about data reliability underscore the particularly serious problem of mistrust in academic research. Therefore, the author became interested in the topic of industry standards for quality assurance (QA) and arranged training workshops at Okayama University on the appropriate methods for recording experimental notes by lecturers involved in QA. The outcomes are presented here.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KakutaHiroki
en-aut-sei=Kakuta
en-aut-mei=Hiroki
kn-aut-name=加来田博貴
kn-aut-sei=加来田
kn-aut-mei=博貴
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科
en-keyword=research record
kn-keyword=research record
en-keyword=laboratory notebook
kn-keyword=laboratory notebook
en-keyword=good practice standard
kn-keyword=good practice standard
en-keyword=attributable
kn-keyword=attributable
en-keyword=legible
kn-keyword=legible
en-keyword=contemporaneous
kn-keyword=contemporaneous
en-keyword=original
kn-keyword=original
en-keyword=and accurate (ALCOA) and complete
kn-keyword=and accurate (ALCOA) and complete
en-keyword=consistent
kn-keyword=consistent
en-keyword=enduring
kn-keyword=enduring
en-keyword=and available (CCEA) standards
kn-keyword=and available (CCEA) standards
en-keyword=data integrity
kn-keyword=data integrity
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=157
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=17
end-page=31
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=201910
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Lines selected for different durations of tonic immobility have different leg lengths in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Tonic immobility is an adaptive anti-predator behaviour observed in many species. This anti-predator behaviour is often correlated with a species' movement motivation, so a relationship between the duration of tonic immobility and morphological traits supporting movement would be expected. Using the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, we carried out two-way artificial selection for the duration of tonic immobility over more than 43 generations, establishing populations with longer (L) and shorter (S) tonic immobility durations compared to those of a non-selected control (C) population. Here, we investigated differences in walking motivation and leg length between the selected populations. Walking motivation was significantly higher in beetles from the S population than that in those from the L population. Moreover, S-population beetles of both sexes had significantly longer legs than those from L and C populations. The present results suggest the evolution of longer legs in response to selection pressure for a shorter duration of tonic immobility in T. castaneum.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MatsumuraKentarou
en-aut-sei=Matsumura
en-aut-mei=Kentarou
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyatakeTakahisa
en-aut-sei=Miyatake
en-aut-mei=Takahisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=anti-predator strategy
kn-keyword=anti-predator strategy
en-keyword=tonic immobility
kn-keyword=tonic immobility
en-keyword=artificial selection
kn-keyword=artificial selection
en-keyword=leg
kn-keyword=leg
en-keyword=Tribolium castaneum
kn-keyword=Tribolium castaneum
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=73
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=427
end-page=432
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=201910
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=“Active Guide” Brochure Reduces Sedentary Behavior of Elderly People: A Randomized Controlled Trial
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= The aim of this study was to examine in a randomized controlled trial how much the sedentary behavior (sitting time) of community-dwelling elderly Japanese subjects decreased as a result of using the “Active Guide” brochure published by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (2013) and additional documents related to the benefits of reducing sedentary behavior. A total of 86 elderly people who participated in health-club activities for one year were randomly allocated to two groups. Subjects in the intervention group received explanations of the importance of physical activity using the “Active Guide” brochure (n=42) and additional documents, while subjects in the control group did not (n=44). Physical activity was measured using a triaxial accelerometer for two weeks at baseline and again after one year. After one year of intervention, the difference in the sedentary behavior rate from baseline was ?2.2% for the intervention group (n=40) and +2.5% for controls (n=40) (Welch’s t-test, p=0.007). Use of the “Active Guide” brochure and additional documents may reduce the sedentary behavior of community dwelling elderly people in Japan.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OwariYutaka
en-aut-sei=Owari
en-aut-mei=Yutaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SuzukiHiromi
en-aut-sei=Suzuki
en-aut-mei=Hiromi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyatakeNobuyuki
en-aut-sei=Miyatake
en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Shikoku Medical College
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Active Guide
kn-keyword=Active Guide
en-keyword=sedentary behavior
kn-keyword=sedentary behavior
en-keyword=elderly people
kn-keyword=elderly people
en-keyword=randomized controlled trial
kn-keyword=randomized controlled trial
en-keyword=health promotion
kn-keyword=health promotion
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=20
article-no=
start-page=39
end-page=48
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=201903
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Difficulties in school life can be seen from the medical records of patients with gender dysphoria
kn-title=性別違和をもつ患者の診療録から見える学校生活場面での困難さ
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= A school should be a place where every child can feel comfortable and safe. We aimed to shed light upon difficulties in school life in children with gender dysphoria (GD) and find a way to support them. We extracted the episodes in school life from the medical records of 59 patients with GD. They suffered from using gender segregated bookbags, school uniforms, swimming wears, and bathrooms. Sex education was not enough for them to understand GD. Children with male-to-female GD were bullied at school more often than those with female-to-male GD. Teachers should take note of children with GD, and should provide necessary supports in their school life, including the facilities and their relationships with their peers.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=天野佑美
kn-aut-sei=天野
kn-aut-mei=佑美
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=佐々木 新
kn-aut-sei=佐々木
kn-aut-mei= 新
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=松本洋輔
kn-aut-sei=松本
kn-aut-mei=洋輔
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=大守伊織
kn-aut-sei=大守
kn-aut-mei=伊織
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Okayama University hospital Gender Center
kn-affil=岡山大学病院ジェンダーセンター

affil-num=4
en-affil=Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=gender dysphoria
kn-keyword=gender dysphoria
en-keyword=gender identity disorder
kn-keyword=gender identity disorder
en-keyword=school education
kn-keyword=school education
en-keyword=gender and sexual diversity
kn-keyword=gender and sexual diversity
en-keyword=difficulties
kn-keyword=difficulties
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=73
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=285
end-page=297
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=201908
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Dynamic Reorganization of Microtubule and Glioma Invasion
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Gliomas are characterized as highly diffuse infiltrating tumors, and currently available treatments such as surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are unfeasible or show limited efficacy against these tumors. Recent genetic and epigenetic analyses of glioma have revealed increasing evidence of the role of driver genetic alterations in glioma development and led to the identification of prognostic factors. Despite these findings, the survival rates of glioma patients remain low, and alternative treatments and novel targets are needed. Recent studies identified neural stem cells as the possible origin of gliomas, and some evidence has revealed shared functions and mechanisms between glioma cells and neurons, also supporting their similarity. The cytoskeleton plays important roles in the migration of normal cells as well as cancer cells. Recent reports have described a role for microtubules, a component of the cytoskeleton, in glioma invasion. Notably, several factors that regulate microtubule functions, such as microtubule-associated proteins, plus-end tracking proteins, or motor proteins, are upregulated in glioma tissues compared with normal tissue, and upregulation of these factors is associated with high invasiveness of glioma cells. In this review, we describe the mechanism of microtubules in glioma invasion and discuss the possibility of microtubule-targeted therapy to inhibit glioma invasion.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OtaniYoshihiro
en-aut-sei=Otani
en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IchikawaTomotsugu
en-aut-sei=Ichikawa
en-aut-mei=Tomotsugu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurozumiKazuhiko
en-aut-sei=Kurozumi
en-aut-mei=Kazuhiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=DateIsao
en-aut-sei=Date
en-aut-mei=Isao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=glioma
kn-keyword=glioma
en-keyword=cytoskeletons
kn-keyword=cytoskeletons
en-keyword=invasion
kn-keyword=invasion
en-keyword=microtubules
kn-keyword=microtubules
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=72
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=577
end-page=581
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=201812
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Computed Tomography Findings for Diagnosing Follicular Thyroid Neoplasms
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Since no diagnostic method has been established to distinguish follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) from follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA), surgery has been the only way to reach a diagnosis of follicular neoplasm. Here we investigated the computed tomography (CT) features of follicular neoplasms, toward the goal of being able to identify specific CT features allowing the preoperative differentiation of FTC from FTA. We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 205 patients who underwent preoperative CT of the neck and were histopathologically diagnosed with FTC (n=31) or FTA (n=174) after surgery between January 2002 and June 2016 at several hospitals in Japan. In each of these 205 cases, non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced CT images were obtained, and we analyzed the CT features. On univariate analysis, inhomogeneous features of tumor lesions on contrast-enhanced CT were more frequently observed in FTC than in FTA (p=0.0032). A multivariate analysis identified inhomogeneous features of tumor lesions on contrast-enhanced CT images as an independent variable indicative of FTC (p=0.0023). CT thus offers diagnostic assistance in distinguishing FTC from FTA.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MakinoTakuma
en-aut-sei=Makino
en-aut-mei=Takuma
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Orita Yorihisa
en-aut-sei=Orita
en-aut-mei= Yorihisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TachibanaTomoyasu
en-aut-sei=Tachibana
en-aut-mei=Tomoyasu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MarunakaHidenori
en-aut-sei=Marunaka
en-aut-mei=Hidenori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MikiKentaro
en-aut-sei=Miki
en-aut-mei=Kentaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AkisadaNaoki
en-aut-sei=Akisada
en-aut-mei=Naoki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AkagiYusuke
en-aut-sei=Akagi
en-aut-mei=Yusuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=UsuiYoshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Usui
en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SatoYasuharu
en-aut-sei=Sato
en-aut-mei=Yasuharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YoshinoTadashi
en-aut-sei=Yoshino
en-aut-mei=Tadashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishizakiKazunori
en-aut-sei=Nishizaki
en-aut-mei=Kazunori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kumamoto University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology, Himeji Red Cross Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology, Okayama Red Cross Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology, Okayama Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Surgery, Okayama Medical Center
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=computed tomography
kn-keyword=computed tomography
en-keyword=follicular thyroid carcinoma
kn-keyword=follicular thyroid carcinoma
en-keyword=follicular thyroid adenoma
kn-keyword=follicular thyroid adenoma
en-keyword=preoperative diagnosis
kn-keyword=preoperative diagnosis
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=34
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=21
end-page=27
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=201804
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Cytoskeletal elements in an acoelomorph worm, Praesagittifera naikaiensis
kn-title=無腸動物Praesagittifera naikaiensis における細胞骨格要素
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Acoel flatworms can move in a variety of ways such as muscular and ciliary movements via cytoskeletal elements and their neural regulations. However, those locomotive mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the distribution of cytoskeletal elements including filamentous actin (F-actin) and tubulin, and the neuroanatomical organization in an acoelomorph worm, Praesagittifera naikaiensis (P. naikaiensis). Video microscopy revealed the elongation/contraction and the bending/rotation processes, and the ciliary gliding movement of P. naikaiensis. Histochemical and morphological analysis demonstrated that F-actin networks of inner longitudinal and outer circular muscle fibers were positioned along the entire surface of the body, and that the average distance between the circular muscle fibers in the contracted organism was decreased in the anterior region compared with that in the elongated organism. Electron microscopy showed dense bodies on the muscle cells of P. naikaiensis, which indicates that those muscle cells have the appearance of vertebrate smooth muscle cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that ?-tubulin-positive signals on the ciliary microtubules had close contact with the F-actin network, and that neurite bundles labelled with anti dSap47 antibody as a neuronal marker run along the anterior-posterior body axis. These results indicate that the well-organized cytoskeletal elements and their neural control systems are preserved in P. naikaiensis, and that their mechanisms involved in those regulation systems are similar to those vertebrate systems. Further studies are needed to clarify the physiological mechanisms underlying the muscular and ciliary movements in P. naikaiensis.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IkedaRisa
en-aut-sei=Ikeda
en-aut-mei=Risa
kn-aut-name=池田理佐
kn-aut-sei=池田
kn-aut-mei=理佐
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujiwaraChiho
en-aut-sei=Fujiwara
en-aut-mei=Chiho
kn-aut-name=藤原稚穂
kn-aut-sei=藤原
kn-aut-mei=稚穂
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HamadaMayuko
en-aut-sei=Hamada
en-aut-mei=Mayuko
kn-aut-name=濱田麻友子
kn-aut-sei=濱田
kn-aut-mei=麻友子
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SakamotoTatsuya
en-aut-sei=Sakamoto
en-aut-mei=Tatsuya
kn-aut-name=坂本竜哉
kn-aut-sei=坂本
kn-aut-mei=竜哉
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SaitoNoboru
en-aut-sei=Saito
en-aut-mei=Noboru
kn-aut-name=齋藤昇
kn-aut-sei=齋藤
kn-aut-mei=昇
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AndoMotonori
en-aut-sei=Ando
en-aut-mei=Motonori
kn-aut-name=安藤元紀
kn-aut-sei=安藤
kn-aut-mei=元紀
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科

affil-num=3
en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学・理学部附属臨海実験所

affil-num=4
en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学・理学部附属臨海実験所

affil-num=5
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科

affil-num=6
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=10
end-page=17
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=201712
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Discovery Program for Global Learners at Okayama University and IB Education: Reflections on My University Experiences in Japan and the United States of America
kn-title=岡山大学の「グローバル・ディスカバリー・プログラム」とIB教育 : 文化人類学者としての日米での取り組みへの「振り返り」
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= As a cultural anthropologist, I discovered the affinity between my teaching philosophy and IB education that values reflexivity. Educating students to become reflective critical thinkers is also the shared goal of the liberal arts colleges I had taught at for over a decade in the United States.
　I decided to come back to Japan from the United States in 2015 when I was given an opportunity to pursue such education in a more affordable way at a Japanese national university. Due to the nature of labor-intensive and quality education, both liberal arts colleges and IB schools often ask high tuitions. Compare to the expensive private liberal arts colleges in the United States, the tuition of a Japanese national university is more affordable.
　As the first Japanese national university, which started the special entrance examination for students with IB Diploma, Okayama University started the new English-medium college-degree program called Discovery Program for Global Learners (Hereafter, Discovery Program) in 2017. The program pursues diversity and social innovation for global sustainability while offering affordable higher education in English (and in Japanese for those with Japanese proficiency).
　In this paper, I compare and contrast U.S. higher education (liberal arts college in particular) and the Discovery Program at Okayama University while paying attention to IB Learner Profile Attributes : Inquirers, Knowledgeable, Thinkers, Communicators, Principles, Open-Minded, Caring, Risk-Takers, Balanced, and Reflective. Some (if not all) elements of the profile are shared with many U.S. liberal arts colleges’ mission statements. As one of the founding members of the Discovery Program and the first faculty member hired for this program, I have been trying to incorporate many of the above elements into the Discovery Program.
　In order to encourage students to become knowledgeable, open-minded, caring, balanced, and reflective inquirers, thinkers, communicators, principled, and risk-takers, institutional environment is crucial. No matter how much students are taught to become the above type of person, if faculty, staff, and administrators behave otherwise, students get confused, lose trust in them, or both. Even if the faculty, staff, and administrators try to meet the expectations, if the institution does not support such efforts, the outcome is compromised. I hope that educational institutions as well as teaching and administrative staff make efforts to embody the persons of principles who are knowledgeable, open-minded, caring, balanced, and reflective inquirers, thinkers, communicators, and risk-takers.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ChungHaeng-ja
en-aut-sei=Chung
en-aut-mei=Haeng-ja
kn-aut-name=鄭幸子
kn-aut-sei=鄭
kn-aut-mei=幸子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学
en-keyword=日米比較
kn-keyword=日米比較
en-keyword=文化人類学
kn-keyword=文化人類学
en-keyword=振り返り
kn-keyword=振り返り
en-keyword=Discovery Program for Global Learners at Okayama University
kn-keyword=Discovery Program for Global Learners at Okayama University
en-keyword=グローバル・ディスカバリー・プログラム
kn-keyword=グローバル・ディスカバリー・プログラム
en-keyword=国際バカロレア
kn-keyword=国際バカロレア
en-keyword=IB
kn-keyword=IB
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=8
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=14
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=20180320
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Ask for future morality : Pursuing new morality thought from the viewpoint of educational philosophy
kn-title=これからの道徳性を問う : 教育哲学の視点から考える新たな道徳性への追求
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract= Due to the marked decline of morality that spans inhuman tasks that progress with modernization after the war, today's day In books we come to review true morality. In this article, we will examine what kind of thing is "morality", based on a questionnaire survey by current university students, to explore the true meaning of university students who are going to achieve adulthood today and are new to society, And the way of moral education in school education.
 As a result, morality and future tasks in today's college students were found, suggesting that "respect for life", "normative consciousness", "trust relationship" etc. are important as future morality. In addition, we examined these morality based on the theory of historical thinkers (educational philosophers) and made clear the morality necessary for the future in the future.
kn-abstract= 戦後の近代化と共に進む、非人道的な課題に及ぶ道徳性の著しい衰退により、今日の日本では、真の道徳性について見直す時にきている。本稿では、「道徳性」とはどのようなことなのか、現在の大学生によるアンケート調査をもとに、今日、成人を遂げ、新たに社会に巣立とうとしている大学生の真意を探ると共に、今後の課題と学校教育における道徳教育の在り方について検討した。
　その結果、今日の大学生における道徳性と今後の課題が見出され、「生命への尊重」「規範意識」「信頼関係」などが今後の道徳性として重要であることが示唆された。なお、これらの道徳性について、歴史上の思想家（教育哲学者）の理論をもとに検証し、今後の未来に必要な道徳性について明らかとした。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SkudaKiyohiro
en-aut-sei=Skuda
en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro
kn-aut-name=作田澄泰
kn-aut-sei=作田
kn-aut-mei=澄泰
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakayamaYoshikazu
en-aut-sei=Nakayama
en-aut-mei=Yoshikazu
kn-aut-name=中山芳一
kn-aut-sei=中山
kn-aut-mei=芳一
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Waseda University institute of teacher education
kn-affil=早稲田大学教師教育研究所

affil-num=2
en-affil=Okayama University whole school education and student support organization
kn-affil=岡山大学全学教育・学生支援機構
en-keyword=戦後の道徳性の意義 (Significance of postwar morality)
kn-keyword=戦後の道徳性の意義 (Significance of postwar morality)
en-keyword=生きることへの意味 (meaning to live)
kn-keyword=生きることへの意味 (meaning to live)
en-keyword=善の生き方 (how to live good)
kn-keyword=善の生き方 (how to live good)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=111
cd-vols=
no-issue=24
article-no=
start-page=243106
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=20171211
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Robust plasmonic hot-spots in a metamaterial lattice for enhanced sensitivity of infrared molecular detection
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= High-density and long-lived plasmonic hot-spots are an ideal system for high-sensitive surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA), but these conditions arc usually incompatible due to unwanted near-field coupling between the adjacent unit structures. Here, by fully controlling plasmonic interference in a metamaterial lattice, we experimentally demonstrate densely packed long-lived quadrupole plasmons for high-sensitive SEIRA. The metamaterial consists of a strongly coupled array of super-and sub-radiant plasmonic elements to exhibit an electromagnetic transparency mode at 1730 cm(-1), which spectrally overlaps with the C=O vibrational mode. In the SEIRA measurement, the C=O mode of poly(methyl methacrylate) molecules is clearly observed as a distinct dip within a transmission peak of the metamaterial. The corresponding numerical simulations reveal that constructive interference uniformly forms coherent quadrupole plasmons over the metamaterial lattice, leading to a stronger molecular signal from the system. Our metamaterial approach provides a robust way to construct ideal hot-spots over the sample, paving the way toward a reliable sensing platform of advanced infrared inspection technologies. Published by AIP Publishing.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IshikawaAtsushi
en-aut-sei=Ishikawa
en-aut-mei=Atsushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HaraShuhei
en-aut-sei=Hara
en-aut-mei=Shuhei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanakaTakuo
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Takuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZhanXiang
en-aut-sei=Zhan
en-aut-mei=Xiang
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tsuruta
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Metamaterials Laboratory, RIKEN
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, University of California
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=111
cd-vols=
no-issue=18
article-no=
start-page=183102
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=20171030
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Selective electroless plating of 3D-printed plastic structures for three-dimensional microwave metamaterials
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= A technique of selective electroless plating onto PLA-ABS (Polylactic Acid-Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) composite structures fabricated by three-dimensional (3D) printing is demonstrated to construct 3D microwave metamaterials. The reducing activity of the PLA surface is selectively enhanced by the chemical modification involving Sn2+ in a simple wet process, thereby forming a highly conductive Ag-plated membrane only onto the PLA surface. The fabricated metamaterial composed of Ag-plated PLA and non-plated ABS parts is characterized experimentally and numerically to demonstrate the important bi-anisotropic microwave responses arising from the 3D nature of metallodielectric structures. Our approach based on a simple wet chemical process allows for the creation of highly complex 3D metal-insulator structures, thus paving the way toward the sophisticated microwave applications of the 3D printing technology. Published by AIP Publishing.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IshikawaAtsushi
en-aut-sei=Ishikawa
en-aut-mei=Atsushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatoTaiki
en-aut-sei=Kato
en-aut-mei=Taiki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakeyasuNobuyuki
en-aut-sei=Takeyasu
en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FujimoriKazuhiro
en-aut-sei=Fujimori
en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsurutaKenji
en-aut-sei=Tsuruta
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=96
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=024414
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=201707
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Spin pumping into superconductors: A new probe of spin dynamics in a superconducting thin film
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Spin pumping refers to the microwave-driven spin current injection from a ferromagnet into the adjacent target material. We theoretically investigate the spin pumping into superconductors by fully taking account of impurity spin-orbit scattering that is indispensable to describe diffusive spin transport with finite spin diffusion length. We calculate temperature dependence of the spin pumping signal and show that a pronounced coherence peak appears immediately below the superconducting transition temperature Tc, which survives even in the presence of the spin-orbit scattering. The phenomenon provides us with a new way of studying the dynamic spin susceptibility in a superconducting thin film. This is contrasted with the nuclear magnetic resonance technique used to study a bulk superconductor.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=InoueMasashi
en-aut-sei=Inoue
en-aut-mei=Masashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IchiokaMasanori
en-aut-sei=Ichioka
en-aut-mei=Masanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AdachiHiroto
en-aut-sei=Adachi
en-aut-mei=Hiroto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=91
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=016302
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=20150123
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Reply to “Comment on ‘Spontaneous liquid-liquid phase separation of water’?”
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Two different scenarios have been proposed on the phase separation occurring in the deeply supercooled liquid water. We discuss what we can derive from our simulation results for the two scenarios and propose a way for future investigation. We also demonstrate that the phase separation in the supercooled liquid water looks like the separation of liquid water and vapor just below the conventional critical point.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YagasakiTakuma
en-aut-sei=Yagasaki
en-aut-mei=Takuma
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Matsumoto Masakazu
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei= Masakazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanakaHideki
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Hideki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=292
cd-vols=
no-issue=20
article-no=
start-page=8436
end-page=8446
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=201705
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Metformin directly binds the alarmin HMGB1 and inhibits its proinflammatory activity
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= Metformin is the first-line drug in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In addition to its hypoglycemic effect, metformin has an anti-inflammatory function, but the precise mechanism promoting this activity remains unclear. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an alarmin that is released from necrotic cells and induces inflammatory responses by its cytokine-like activity and is, therefore, a target of anti-inflammatory therapies. Here we identified HMGB1 as a novel metformin-binding protein by affinity purification using a biotinylated metformin analogue. Metformin directly bound to the C-terminal acidic tail of HMGB1. Both in vitro and in vivo, metformin inhibited inflammatory responses induced by full-length HMGB1 but not by HMGB1 lacking the acidic tail. In an acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury model in which HMGB1 released from injured cells exacerbates the initial injury, metformin effectively reduced liver injury and had no additional inhibitory effects when the extracellular HMGB1 was blocked by anti-HMGB1-neutralizing antibody. In summary, we report for the first time that metformin suppresses inflammation by inhibiting the extracellular activity of HMGB1. Because HMGB1 plays a major role in inflammation, our results suggest possible new ways to manage HMGB1-induced inflammation.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HoriuchiTakahiro
en-aut-sei=Horiuchi
en-aut-mei=Takahiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SakataNatsumi
en-aut-sei=Sakata
en-aut-mei=Natsumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NarumiYoshihiro
en-aut-sei=Narumi
en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KimuraTomohiro
en-aut-sei=Kimura
en-aut-mei=Tomohiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HayashiTakashi
en-aut-sei=Hayashi
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NaganoKeisuke
en-aut-sei=Nagano
en-aut-mei=Keisuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=LiuKeyue
en-aut-sei=Liu
en-aut-mei=Keyue
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiboriMasahiro
en-aut-sei=Nishibori
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TsukitaSohei
en-aut-sei=Tsukita
en-aut-mei=Sohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamadaTetsuya
en-aut-sei=Yamada
en-aut-mei=Tetsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatagiriHideki
en-aut-sei=Katagiri
en-aut-mei=Hideki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShirakawaRyutaro
en-aut-sei=Shirakawa
en-aut-mei=Ryutaro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=12
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HoriuchiHisanori
en-aut-sei=Horiuchi
en-aut-mei=Hisanori
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=13
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil= Biomedical Technology Research Center, Tokushima Research Institute
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=First Institute of New Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co
kn-affil=

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Metabolism and Diabetes, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=10
en-affil=Department of Metabolism and Diabetes, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=11
en-affil=Department of Metabolism and Diabetes, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
kn-affil=

affil-num=12
en-affil=Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
kn-affil=

affil-num=13
en-affil=Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=cytokine
kn-keyword=cytokine
en-keyword=inflammation
kn-keyword=inflammation
en-keyword=liver injury
kn-keyword=liver injury
en-keyword=metformin
kn-keyword=metformin
en-keyword=p38 MAPK
kn-keyword=p38 MAPK
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=49
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=23
end-page=39
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=20170703
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Study of the Principle of Taxation on Actual Beneficiary in Japanese Income Tax Act : The meaning of Economic Substance Approach in Taxation
kn-title=「実質所得者課税の原則」に関する一考察 : 所得の人的帰属認定における経済的アプローチの意義
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The purpose of this paper is to consider the meaning of "economic substance" in taxation.
　In Japanese Income Tax Act （Article 12）, where a person to whom the revenue is legally imputed is merely
nominal and other person enjoys it, the tax shall be imposed on the person who actually enjoys the revenue. This is called "the Principle of taxation on Actual Beneficiary".  But it is not always easy to determine the person who actually enjoys the revenue from assets or business. In such a case, there are two ways of thinking. The first is a way of thinking in which a valid private-law contract is considered more important than economic substance. The second is a way of thinking in which economic substance is considered more important than a private-law contract.
　This provision（ Article 12） was enacted in 1950�Vs, but opinions are divided among scholars on this point and there is room for further consideration. This paper will be considered this subject from legal and economic viewpoints.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MorishitaMikio
en-aut-sei=Morishita
en-aut-mei=Mikio
kn-aut-name=森下幹夫
kn-aut-sei=森下
kn-aut-mei=幹夫
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=259
end-page=262
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=201706
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Reconstruction of Anterior Chest Wall with Polypropylene Mesh: Two Primary Sternal Chondrosarcoma Cases
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　Primary sternal chondrosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor that is refractory to chemotherapy and radiation. Effective therapy is radical resection of the tumor. We present two patients with primary sternal chondrosarcoma who underwent a radical resection of the lower half of the sternum and bilateral ribs, followed by reconstruction with 2 sheets of polypropylene mesh layered orthogonally. The patients have maintained almost the same pulmonary function as preoperative values, with stability of the chest wall. Although there are various ways to reconstruct the anterior chest wall, reconstruction with polypropylene mesh layered orthogonally is an easy-to-use and sufficient method.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KawanaShinichi
en-aut-sei=Kawana
en-aut-mei=Shinichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoHiromasa
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Hiromasa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MakiYuho
en-aut-sei=Maki
en-aut-mei=Yuho
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SugimotoSeiichiro
en-aut-sei=Sugimoto
en-aut-mei=Seiichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ToyookaShinichi
en-aut-sei=Toyooka
en-aut-mei=Shinichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MiyoshiShinichiro
en-aut-sei=Miyoshi
en-aut-mei=Shinichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Thoracic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=
en-keyword=chondrosarcoma
kn-keyword=chondrosarcoma
en-keyword=sternum
kn-keyword=sternum
en-keyword=reconstruction
kn-keyword=reconstruction
en-keyword=polypropylene mesh
kn-keyword=polypropylene mesh
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=7
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=41
end-page=50
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=20170327
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Review for the Future Studies of the Children's Adjustment to the Kindergarten and the Facilitation This Process of Adjustment
kn-title=幼児の園への適応とその支援に関する文献展望
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=　First, this study has attempted to clarify the definition of ‘readiness’ or ‘adjustment’ of pre-kindergarten age children to their first group life in society. This is considered to help evaluate various ways in which support is provided for them. Secondly, the paper describes the viewpoints that are currently applied to young children’s adjustment to pre-school education. Based upon the above, the study has proceeded to focus on the role of the kindergarten teacher in order to facilitate this process of adjustment. Furthermore, the salient points of “Course of study for Kindergarten,” etc. have been summarized. As a result, the foundation for the children’s adjustment to the kindergarten has been found to lie in their “psychological stability” and “the interaction between the children and the new environment.” Finally, the methodology used in the present study has been reviewed so that the direction of future studies may be shown.
kn-abstract=　近年、入園などに伴う子どもの移行期が注目され、新しい環境への適応とその支援は、保育・教育現場の重要な課題となっている。幼稚園等は、幼児同士が初めて集団生活を経験する場としての役割を担い、園に適応し安定した生活を送ることは、その後の１人１人の発達の基盤となる。そこで本論では、幼児の園への適応支援の在り方を検討するために、まず、幼児期における適応の定義を明確化することを試みた。また、保育・教育領域における適応を捉える視点を整理した。次に、これらを踏まえ、幼児の園への適応支援における保育者の役割を中心に検討を加えた。さらに、現行の『幼稚園教育要領』等における適応に関する記述を確認した。その結果、幼児の園への適応の中核は「幼児の心理的な安定」と「幼児と環境との適切な関係構築」と捉えることができ、その支援に関わる保育者の役割が明示された。最後に、研究方法の課題等を整理し、今後の研究展望を示した。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=真嶋梨江
kn-aut-sei=真嶋
kn-aut-mei=梨江
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=岡山万里
kn-aut-sei=岡山
kn-aut-mei=万里
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=��橋敏之
kn-aut-sei=��橋
kn-aut-mei=敏之
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiyamaOsamu
en-aut-sei=Nishiyama
en-aut-mei=Osamu
kn-aut-name=西山修
kn-aut-sei=西山
kn-aut-mei=修
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Minan Preschool
kn-affil=御南保育園

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Human Sciences, Toyo Eiwa University
kn-affil=東洋英和女学院大学人間科学部

affil-num=3
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科

affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=幼児 (young children)
kn-keyword=幼児 (young children)
en-keyword=園への適応 (adjustment to the kindergarten and the facilitation)
kn-keyword=園への適応 (adjustment to the kindergarten and the facilitation)
en-keyword=保育者の役割 (the role of the kindergarten teacher)
kn-keyword=保育者の役割 (the role of the kindergarten teacher)
en-keyword=心理的安定 (psychological stability)
kn-keyword=心理的安定 (psychological stability)
en-keyword=関係構築 (the interaction between the children and the new environment)
kn-keyword=関係構築 (the interaction between the children and the new environment)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=70
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=485
end-page=491
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=201612
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Prenatal Diagnosis of Interrupted Aortic Arch: Usefulness of Three-Vessel and Four-Chamber Views
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Interrupted aortic arch (IAA) is fatal if not diagnosed. Prenatal diagnosis is helpful, but it is difficult to detect IAA and even more so to differentiate types A and B prenatally. Our objectives were to find a way to detect IAA using 2 views?three-vessel view (3VV) and four-chamber view (4CV)?and to differentiate between types A and B. We retrospectively analyzed fetal echocardiographic images and medical records of eight IAA patients. All eight patients had a ventricular septal defect (VSD) on 4CV. The aorta/main pulmonary artery (Ao/MPA) diameter ratio on 3VV was significantly low, which is characteristic of type B IAA. The left/right ventricular diameter (LV/RV) ratio on 4CV was 0.61± 0.17 for type A and almost 1.0 for type B. The thymus was not observed on 3VV in some type B IAA patients. These findings suggest that we could increase the number of prenatal diagnoses of IAA using the Ao/MPA ratio on 3VV and the presence of VSD on 4CV. Additionally, we could differentiate types A and B with the LV/RV ratio on 4CV, the Ao/MPA ratio, and the presence of a thymus on 3VV, which results in better management of IAA after birth.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HiranoYumika
en-aut-sei=Hirano
en-aut-mei=Yumika
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi
en-aut-sei=Masuyama
en-aut-mei=Hisashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HayataKei
en-aut-sei=Hayata
en-aut-mei=Kei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EtoEriko
en-aut-sei=Eto
en-aut-mei=Eriko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NobumotoEtsuko
en-aut-sei=Nobumoto
en-aut-mei=Etsuko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HiramatsuYuji
en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu
en-aut-mei=Yuji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=interrupted aortic arch
kn-keyword=interrupted aortic arch
en-keyword=three-vessel view
kn-keyword=three-vessel view
en-keyword=four-chamber view
kn-keyword=four-chamber view
en-keyword=aortic diameter/main pulmonary artery diameter ratio
kn-keyword=aortic diameter/main pulmonary artery diameter ratio
en-keyword=ventricular septal defect
kn-keyword=ventricular septal defect
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=7
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=11
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2017
dt-pub=20170116
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Changing Roles of Traditional Small Urban Green Spaces (Telajakan) in Bali, Indonesia
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Bali Island, Indonesia is undergoing rapid land use changes due to heavy development pressure and its fast growing urban population. One such urbanization phenomenon is the shrinkage, deterioration, and disappearance of traditional small urban green spaces in Denpasar, Bali. Focusing on telajakan, a strip of traditional green space between the wall of a housing compound and a ditch/pedestrian path in a roadside, the study aims 1) to investigate and document the changes that are occurring with regards to telajakan and 2) to assess the functions (roles) of telajakan in Denpasar. The research methods include vegetation assessment at a lot scale and in-depth homeowner and village leader interviews with the help of local experts. The results show that telajakan space is often paved over to give way to more front space for the property owner and to ease maintenance. It is also minimized or destroyed as the owner builds a more “western” style house. Traditionally telajakan has multiple functions such as provision of plant and flower materials for Balinese daily rituals, regu-lation of stormwater from the property, and offering semi-public space for street vendors and neighbours. However, the results show that: diversity of planted species is decreasing; only a couple of functions such as aesthetics and economics are strongly favored; and the semi-public nature of telajakan is being lost. Since telajakan is as much traditional green open space as part of the aesthetics of the Balinese architecture, its loss, minimization, and degradation lead to the loss of Balinese culture and identity. On the other hand, new meaning is given to telajakan’s functions such as neighborhood beautification and exhibition of the owner’s pride in the modern context. Therefore, policy recommendations to conserve telajakan in the changing urban fabric need to balance these changing needs of telajakan for its use and conservation of traditional rituals and culture of Bali.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KatoSadahisa
en-aut-sei=Kato
en-aut-mei=Sadahisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HishiyamaKosuke
en-aut-sei=Hishiyama
en-aut-mei=Kosuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Anak Agung Ketut Darmadi
en-aut-sei=Anak Agung Ketut Darmadi
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Dewa Ngurah Suprapta
en-aut-sei=Dewa Ngurah Suprapta
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Institute for Global Human Resource Development, Okayama University
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Faculty of Applied Sociology, Kindai University
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Laboratory of Biopesticide, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Laboratory of Biopesticide, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Telajakan
kn-keyword=Telajakan
en-keyword=Bali
kn-keyword=Bali
en-keyword=Urban Green Spaces
kn-keyword=Urban Green Spaces
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=161
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=17
end-page=23
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20160225
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Using a Hero as a Model in Video Instruction to Improve the Academic Performance of a Student with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Study
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The present study investigated the impact of a component of video hero modeling (VHM) on the object counting score of an elementary-aged student with autism spectrum disorder (Futoshi). In the VHM, the student’s special interest (Transformer?) exhibited the correct way of counting. The VHM was added to a modified video self-modeling intervention (MVSM), which was provided continuously throughout intervention sessions or withdrawn from the package of MVSM and VHM (MVSM+VHM). An ABCBCB design, with MVSM+VHM in the B phase and MVSM in the C phase, revealed that Futoshi’s object counting score improved every time the component of VHM was added whereas it decreased every time the component was withdrawn. In some MVSM+VHM sessions, the student exhibited verbal or nonverbal behaviors, confirming that he kept the hero’s performance in mind during object counting. MVSM alone was not effective in improving the student’s performance.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OhtakeYoshihisa
en-aut-sei=Ohtake
en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Developmental Studies and Support, Graduate School of Education, Okayama University,
en-keyword=video hero modeling
kn-keyword=video hero modeling
en-keyword=autism spectrum disorder
kn-keyword=autism spectrum disorder
en-keyword=academic skills
kn-keyword=academic skills
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=6
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=21
end-page=30
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2016
dt-pub=20160304
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Desirable Way to Support for Guardians and Cooperation among Nursery Teachers in Case Study
kn-title=事例から見る望ましい保護者支援の在り方と保育士間の連携
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　子どもの健やかな成長と発達のためには，保育士と保護者が円滑な関係にあることが望ましい。経験年数の短い若手保育士と中堅・熟練保育士では，保護者対応に違いはあるのだろうか。本論では，経験年数別に保護者対応について聴き取り調査を行った。さらに，中堅・熟練保育士自身が若手保育士だった頃の振り返りから，現在の保護者対応を比較し検討した。その結果，保護者対応には経験の蓄積と先輩保育士の助言・指導等が必要であることが分かった。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakahiraAyako
en-aut-sei=Nakahira
en-aut-mei=Ayako
kn-aut-name=中平絢子
kn-aut-sei=中平
kn-aut-mei=絢子
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=BabaNoriko
en-aut-sei=Baba
en-aut-mei=Noriko
kn-aut-name=馬場訓子
kn-aut-sei=馬場
kn-aut-mei=訓子
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakeuchiKeiko
en-aut-sei=Takeuchi
en-aut-mei=Keiko
kn-aut-name=竹内敬子
kn-aut-sei=竹内
kn-aut-mei=敬子
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakahashiToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Takahashi
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=��橋敏之
kn-aut-sei=��橋
kn-aut-mei=敏之
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山市岡山っ子育成局　保育・幼児教育課

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学保育所なかよし園

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=保育所保育士
kn-keyword=保育所保育士
en-keyword=経験年数
kn-keyword=経験年数
en-keyword=保護者支援
kn-keyword=保護者支援
en-keyword=連携
kn-keyword=連携
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=2015
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Thyroid Cancer Detection by Ultrasound Among Residents Ages 18 Years and Younger in Fukushima
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Background: After the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami in March 2011, radioactive elements were released from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Based on prior knowledge, concern emerged about whether an increased incidence of thyroid cancer among exposed residents would occur as a result.

Methods: After the release, Fukushima Prefecture performed ultrasound thyroid screening on all residents ages <=18 years. The first round of screening included 298,577 examinees, and a second round began in April 2014. We analyzed the prefecture results from the first and second round up to December 31, 2014, in comparison with the Japanese annual incidence and the incidence within a reference area in Fukushima Prefecture.

Results: The highest incidence rate ratio, using a latency period of 4 years, was observed in the central middle district of the prefecture compared with the Japanese annual incidence (incidence rate ratio = 50; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 25, 90). The prevalence of thyroid cancer was 605 per million examinees (95% CI = 302, 1,082) and the prevalence odds ratio compared with the reference district in Fukushima Prefecture was 2.6 (95% CI = 0.99, 7.0). In the second screening round, even under the assumption that the rest of examinees were disease free, an incidence rate ratio of 12 has already been observed (95% CI = 5.1, 23).

Conclusions: An excess of thyroid cancer has been detected by ultrasound among children and adolescents in Fukushima Prefecture within 4 years of the release, and is unlikely to be explained by a screening surge.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TsudaToshihide
en-aut-sei=Tsuda
en-aut-mei=Toshihide
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TokinobuAkiko
en-aut-sei=Tokinobu
en-aut-mei=Akiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YamamotoEiji
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Eiji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SuzukiEtsuji
en-aut-sei=Suzuki
en-aut-mei=Etsuji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Faculty of Informatics, Okayama University of Science

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=112
cd-vols=
no-issue=27
article-no=
start-page=8221
end-page=8226
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=20150707
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Solid-liquid critical behavior of water in nanopores
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Nanoconfined liquid water can transform into low-dimensional ices whose crystalline structures are dissimilar to any bulk ices and whose melting point may significantly rise with reducing the pore size, as revealed by computer simulation and confirmed by experiment. One of the intriguing, and as yet unresolved, questions concerns the observation that the liquid water may transform into a low-dimensional ice either via a first-order phase change or without any discontinuity in thermodynamic and dynamic properties, which suggests the existence of solid?liquid critical points in this class of
nanoconfined systems. Here we explore the phase behavior of a model of water in carbon nanotubes in the temperature?pressure?diameter space by molecular dynamics simulation and provide unambiguous evidence to support solid?liquid critical phenomena of nanoconfined water. Solid?liquid first-order phase boundaries are
determined by tracing spontaneous phase separation at various temperatures. All of the boundaries eventually cease to exist at the critical points and there appear loci of response function maxima, or the Widom lines, extending to the supercritical region. The finite-size scaling analysis of the density distribution supports the
presence of both first-order and continuous phase changes between solid and liquid. At around the Widom line, there are microscopic domains of two phases, and continuous solid?liquid phase changes
occur in such a way that the domains of one phase grow and those of the other evanesce as the thermodynamic state departs from the Widom line.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MochizukiKenji
en-aut-sei=Mochizuki
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=望月建爾
kn-aut-sei=望月
kn-aut-mei=建爾
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro
en-aut-sei=Koga
en-aut-mei=Kenichiro
kn-aut-name=甲賀研一郎
kn-aut-sei=甲賀
kn-aut-mei=研一郎
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科
en-keyword=water
kn-keyword=water
en-keyword=solid?liquid critical point
kn-keyword=solid?liquid critical point
en-keyword=carbon nanotube
kn-keyword=carbon nanotube
en-keyword=ice
kn-keyword=ice
en-keyword=Widom line
kn-keyword=Widom line
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=31
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=40
end-page=49
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=201504
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Practice of the 3Rs in Practical Training Using Animals -Preliminary training for the care, handling, injection and dissection of mice and rats-
kn-title=実験動物を用いる実習における3Rs 実践の試み −マウス、ラットの飼育、保定、注射、解剖に向けての予備トレーニング−
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=In order to improve animal welfare through practical training in laboratory animal techniques at Hiroshima Animal Care College, we have been searching for ways to reduce animal suffering caused by such practical training. Students in the Animal Management Department learn to use animals in the practicum of laboratory animal science in their third year. In order to practice the 3Rs (Reduction, Replacement, and Refinement), we have introduced preliminary training before the students work with live animals.
Specifically, the following five practices are introduced:
1. Practice of handling cages
2. Practice of controlling fine manipulation by pinching elastic balls and their own skin
3. Practice of sewing a dust cloth by hand, to learn how to handle sharp instruments
4. Practice of injecting chicken wing tips to learn how to inject animals
5. Practice of dissection techniques using thin pastry, chicken skin, and chicken wing tips
We have not objectively verified whether these efforts are effective to reduce animal suffering. However, subjectively, we have observed some positive effects on the students. The primary object of this training is to reduce animal suffering. Furthermore, it may promote the psychological preparation of students who will be using live laboratory animals. Currently, training courses for animal technicians and animal nurses are taught at colleges or
universities. From the viewpoints of ethics and animal welfare, it is necessary to refine the practical training program to work with live animals. We report our preliminary training as part of the program.
kn-abstract=広島アニマルケア専門学校では、動物看護コース3 年課程（動物看護師志望者と実験動物技術者志望者が混
在）の3 年次に実施する実験動物学実習に際して、動物福祉の観点から動物に与える苦痛を可能な限り少なく
できる実施法を模索してきた。実際に生きた動物を用いる実習を行う前に、いくつかの予備トレーニングを取
り入れた3Rs 実践の試みである。具体的には、ケージ取り扱い練習、先鋭器具取り扱い練習のための雑巾縫
製、保定練習を目的とした軟質ボールによる手指トレーニング、自身の皮膚摘まみ練習、鉛筆や鶏手羽先を用
いた注射器具使用練習、そして餃子の皮、鶏皮、鶏手羽先を用いた解剖器具使用練習などである。これらの取
り組みそれぞれが、果たして効果的であるかどうか検証できているわけではないが、学生の取り組みを間近で
観察した立場から、感覚的には効果を実感している。また、予備トレーニングは、動物に与える苦痛を軽減す
ることを最大の目標とするものであるが、一方で、動物を用いた実習に臨む学生の心理的準備を促す効果もあ
るように感じている。実験動物技術者や動物看護師養成課程、コースが、大学や専門学校に設けられ、そこに
多くの学生が学んでいる現在、動物を用いた実習のプログラムを動物実験倫理・動物福祉の観点からさらに洗
練させることが望まれる。そのプログラムの一部として、われわれの予備トレーニングの取り組みを紹介した。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=UsudaToshiki
en-aut-sei=Usuda
en-aut-mei=Toshiki
kn-aut-name=臼田俊樹
kn-aut-sei=臼田
kn-aut-mei=俊樹
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FurumotoKayo
en-aut-sei=Furumoto
en-aut-mei=Kayo
kn-aut-name=古本佳代
kn-aut-sei=古本
kn-aut-mei=佳代
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KitaMegumu
en-aut-sei=Kita
en-aut-mei=Megumu
kn-aut-name=北�ｺ
kn-aut-sei=北
kn-aut-mei=�ｺ
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=広島アニマルケア専門学校動物看護コース

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=広島アニマルケア専門学校動物看護コース

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=倉敷芸術科学大学動物生命科学科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=31
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=11
end-page=32
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=201504
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Zebrafish swim left to right and prefer an inverted triangle rather than a circle innately without perceptual learning
kn-title=ゼブラフィシュは知覚学習以前に反時計回りに左から右へ （L→R）泳ぎ、円形を避け倒立三角形に近づく
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The following results were obtained thorough induction and deduction by four experiments on
the early experience controlled zebrafish 4 males and 4 females using 30-30-40 milliseconds
behavior analysis system.
[1] It was found zebrafish perform two kind of movement. The first is high speed anticlockwise
(L→R) spiral circular swimming usig right hemisphere⇔left -visual field. The second is relatively
slowly clock (L←R) willing large elliptic swimming usig left hemisphere⇔right-visual field. If we
observe from the front of the tank, as DNA they almost always swim L→R basing probably on the
rotation and revolution of the earth (Experiment 1).
[2] In spite of the innate L→R swimming tendency, zebrafish prefer the visual black inverted
triangle side presented to the circle with the same peripheral length. They avoid circle and go to the
triangle in group following the leader without perceptual learning irrespective of the position
（Experiment 1,2,3,4）。
[3] In such a way, an inverted triangle and a circle are psychophysiologically quite different
geometrical configurations.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MittaniKeiichi
en-aut-sei=Mittani
en-aut-mei=Keiichi
kn-aut-name=三谷惠一
kn-aut-sei=三谷
kn-aut-mei=惠一
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=環太平洋大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=21
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=23
end-page=32
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2014
dt-pub=20141227
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A preliminary study on the seasonal cycles of the cyclone activity and the large-scale fields in Europe at the viewpoint comparing with those in East Asia
kn-title=東アジアとの比較の視点でみたヨーロッパにおける低気圧活動と広域場の季節サイクル（序報）
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　Preliminary analyses on the seasonal cycles of the large-scale atmospheric mean fields and the cyclone
activity in Europe were performed based mainly on the NCEP/NCAR re-analysis data, at the viewpoint
comparing with those in East Asia.
　As for the climatological monthly mean fields (1981~2010), the meridional temperature gradient in East
Asia presents striking seasonal change with the maximum in winter and the minimum in summer. It is
interesting that such transition from winter to summer and that from summer to winter occur rather rapidly
accompanied by the great temperature increase around April to June and the decrease around October to
November, respectively, in a wide region of 40~70N. On the other hand, the temperature gradient in
Europe is significantly smaller with slight seasonal change than that in East Asian winter.
　By the way, in spite of the above difference of the horizontal temperature gradient between Europe and
East Asia, the cyclone activity does not seem to be so weak even around Europe. Thus, the seasonal cycles
of the characteristics of the cyclones and their environmental fields around Europe were examined. At the
first step, we analyzed the daily cyclone activity in Europe for January and July of 2000. Many low pressure
centers at the surface level appeared in both January and July. Referring also to the daily maps of sea level
pressure and geopotential height at 500 hPa level, we found that not only the cyclones corresponding to the
baroclinic instability waves, but also to the cold vortices which amplitudes increased with height appeared
frequently. Moreover, it is interesting that the large-scale cold vortex, which embeds the shortwave trough
with the low center at the surface level, appeared in the northern Europe in July as in East Asian winter,
when such multi-scale systems sometimes bring the persisting heavy snowfall events in the Japan Sea side of
the Japan Islands.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TakigawaYumi
en-aut-sei=Takigawa
en-aut-mei=Yumi
kn-aut-name=瀧川優実
kn-aut-sei=瀧川
kn-aut-mei=優実
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HagaYuichi
en-aut-sei=Haga
en-aut-mei=Yuichi
kn-aut-name=垪和優一
kn-aut-sei=垪和
kn-aut-mei=優一
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsumotoKengo
en-aut-sei=Matsumoto
en-aut-mei=Kengo
kn-aut-name=松本健吾
kn-aut-sei=松本
kn-aut-mei=健吾
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatoKuranoshin
en-aut-sei=Kato
en-aut-mei=Kuranoshin
kn-aut-name=加藤内藏進
kn-aut-sei=加藤
kn-aut-mei=内藏進
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部（理科）

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科自然教育学系（理科）

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学教育学部（理科）

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科自然教育学系（理科）
en-keyword=seasonal cycle
kn-keyword=seasonal cycle
en-keyword=cyclone activity
kn-keyword=cyclone activity
en-keyword=Europe and East Asia
kn-keyword=Europe and East Asia
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=10
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=105
end-page=114
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2014
dt-pub=201412
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A Discussion of Practitioner Research: How Are Reflective Practice, Action Research, and Exploratory Practice Different?
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　The time has come to see the three major forms of Practitioner Research under a general umbrella
as well as distinct choices and commitments to pursue professional self-inquiry into the way and ways
we teach and how our students (may) learn. The focus of this paper is on understanding each approach
by tracing its origins and key concepts. The aim of this working paper is to take the first step in
building an accessible foundation of knowledge from which classroom teachers can then pursue their
own interest or concern in the method that appeals to them the most.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakamuraIan
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Ian
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学言語教育センター
en-keyword=practitioner research
kn-keyword=practitioner research
en-keyword=reflection
kn-keyword=reflection
en-keyword=action
kn-keyword=action
en-keyword=exploration
kn-keyword=exploration
en-keyword=comparison
kn-keyword=comparison
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=51
end-page=58
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=201502
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Trend of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Cervical Neoplasia Observed in a Newly Developing Township in Yangon, Myanmar
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Persistent infection with oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important risk factor associated with cervical cancer. This study detected the oncogenic HPV genotypes in cervical neoplasia in relation to clinicopathological findings using a cross-sectional descriptive method in 2011 and 2012. Cervical swabs and colposcopy-directed cervical biopsy tissues were collected from 108 women (median age 45 years;range 20-78) showing cervical cytological changes at Sanpya General Hospital, Yangon, Myanmar. HPV DNA testing and genotyping were performed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. HPV was identified in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 (44.4%), CIN2 (63.2%), CIN3 (70.6%), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (74.1%). The association between cervical neoplasia and HPV positivity was highly significant (p＝0.008). Most patients infected with HPV were between 40-49 years of age, and the youngest were in the 20- to 29-year-old age group. The most common genotype was HPV 16 (65.6%) with the following distribution:70% in CIN1, 41.7% in CIN2, 91.7% in CIN3, and 60% in SCC. HPV-31 was the second-most frequent (21.9%):30% in CIN1, 33.3% in CIN2, 8.3% in CIN3, and 15% in SCC. The third-most frequent-genotype was HPV-18 (7.8%):8.3% in CIN1, and 20% in SCC. Another genotype was HPV-58 (4.7%):16.7% in CIN1 and 5% in SCC. The majority of CIN/SCC cases were associated with HPV genotypes 16, 31, 18, and 58. If oncogenic HPV genotypes are positive, the possibility of cervical neoplasia can be predicted. Knowledge of the HPV genotypes distribution can predict the effectiveness of the currently used HPV vaccine.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=Mu Mu Shwe
en-aut-sei=Mu Mu Shwe
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Kyi Kyi Nyunt
en-aut-sei=Kyi Kyi Nyunt
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkadaShigeru
en-aut-sei=Okada
en-aut-mei=Shigeru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HaranoTeruo
en-aut-sei=Harano
en-aut-mei=Teruo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Hlaing Myat Thu
en-aut-sei=Hlaing Myat Thu
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Hla Myat Mo Mo
en-aut-sei=Hla Myat Mo Mo
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Mo Mo Win
en-aut-sei=Mo Mo Win
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Khin Khin Oo
en-aut-sei=Khin Khin Oo
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KhinThet Wai
en-aut-sei=KhinThet Wai
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Khin Saw Aye
en-aut-sei=Khin Saw Aye
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

en-aut-name=Myo Khin
en-aut-sei=Myo Khin
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=11
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar), Minstry of Health

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Sanpya General Hospital

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Professor Emeritus, Okayama University

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Hospital

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar), Minstry of Health

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Sanpya General Hospital

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar), Minstry of Health

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar), Minstry of Health

affil-num=9
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar), Minstry of Health

affil-num=10
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar), Minstry of Health

affil-num=11
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar), Minstry of Health
en-keyword=human papillomavirus
kn-keyword=human papillomavirus
en-keyword=genotyping
kn-keyword=genotyping
en-keyword=Myanmar
kn-keyword=Myanmar
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=45
end-page=50
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2015
dt-pub=201502
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Comparison of Urinary Levels of 8-Hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine between Young Females with and without Depressive Symptoms during Different Menstrual Phases
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This study aimed to clarify the association between depressive symptoms and a marker of oxidative stress-induced DNA damage in young females. Since the menstrual cycle may confound or modify this association, depressive symptoms and urinary levels of 8-hydroxy-2? deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were evaluated during each menstrual phase. A total of 57 female fourth-year students (aged 21.6±0.8) from a Japanese health science university were studied. The menstrual cycle was divided into 3 phases:menstrual (days 1 to 3 after the onset of menses);proliferative (days 13 to 15);and secretory (days 24 to 26). Depressive symptoms were assessed by the self-rating depression scale (SDS). Positive depressive symptoms were defined as a score of 53 or more during 2 different menstrual phases. The association between the presence of depressive symptoms and 8-OHdG levels adjusting for the menstrual cycle was examined by two-way analysis of variance with the menstrual cycle (menstrual, proliferative, and secretory phases) as the within-individual factor. The menstrual cycle did not show a significant correlation with urinary 8-OHdG levels. On the other hand, the menstrual cycle-adjusted 8-OHdG level was significantly higher in those with depressive symptoms (7.01ng/mL) than in those without them (3.98ng/mL). The ROC curve analysis showed that urinary 8-OHdG levels had reasonably high discriminative performance throughout all the menstrual cycles (0.73-0.81;all p＜0.05). These results indicated the presence of oxidative stress in subjects with depressive symptoms independent of the menstrual cycle.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IidaTadayuki
en-aut-sei=Iida
en-aut-mei=Tadayuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=InoueKen
en-aut-sei=Inoue
en-aut-mei=Ken
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ItoYasuhiro
en-aut-sei=Ito
en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IshikawaHiroaki
en-aut-sei=Ishikawa
en-aut-mei=Hiroaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KagionoMiwa
en-aut-sei=Kagiono
en-aut-mei=Miwa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TeradairaRyoji
en-aut-sei=Teradaira
en-aut-mei=Ryoji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ChikamuraChiho
en-aut-sei=Chikamura
en-aut-mei=Chiho
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HaradaToshihide
en-aut-sei=Harada
en-aut-mei=Toshihide
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=EzoeSatoko
en-aut-sei=Ezoe
en-aut-mei=Satoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YatsuyaHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Yatsuya
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Department of Prefectural University of Hiroshima

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Health Sciences, Fujita Health University,

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Health Sciences, Fujita Health University,

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Gifu University of Medical Science

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Health Sciences, Fujita Health University,

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=Attached Clinic, Department of Prefectural University of Hiroshima

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Department of Prefectural University of Hiroshima

affil-num=9
en-affil=
kn-affil=Shimane University Health Service Center Izumo

affil-num=10
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine
en-keyword=depression
kn-keyword=depression
en-keyword=8-OHdG
kn-keyword=8-OHdG
en-keyword=menstrual cycle
kn-keyword=menstrual cycle
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=20
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=415
end-page=420
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2014
dt-pub=201404
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Cognitive functions in Parkinson's disease: Relation to disease severity and hallucination
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Objective: We wished to relate severity of Parkinson's disease (PD) with cognitive function in relation to cerebral blood flow (CBF). 

Methods: Eighty-one consecutive PD patients were enrolled in this study. We used Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third edition (WAIS-III) to evaluate cognitive functions, and three-dimensional stereotactic ROI template (3DSRT) and Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) 8 to evaluate single photon emission CT (SPECT) recordings of regional CBF. 

Results: The mean MMSE score of PD patients was 27.4 +/- 2.4. The scores of most patients were higher than 23/30. On the other hand, the mean Full-scale IQ of PD patients was 88.4 +/- 17.3 in WAIS-III, which was lower than that of normal controls. In particular, visuospatial function score of most patients was lower. There was significant correlation between cognitive scores and Hoehn & Yahr stage and hallucinatory episodes. PD Patients with stage III and IV showed significant deterioration in cognitive functions compared to stage II patients. Analysis of CBF revealed relative reductions in perfusion in the cerebral cortex relative to that in normal control. SPM 8 showed that cognitive functions in PD patients were positively correlated with rCBF in the thalamus and cingulate gyrus. 

Conclusions: This is the study to demonstrate the cognitive impairments in PD patients using WAIS-III. Visuospatial dysfunction might be caused by decrease in rCBF in the parietal and occipital lobes and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The severity of cognitive impairments in PD patients was correlated with disease severity and hallucinatory episodes.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=WakamoriTakaaki
en-aut-sei=Wakamori
en-aut-mei=Takaaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=AgariTakashi
en-aut-sei=Agari
en-aut-mei=Takashi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YasuharaTakao
en-aut-sei=Yasuhara
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KamedaMasahiro
en-aut-sei=Kameda
en-aut-mei=Masahiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KondoAkihiko
en-aut-sei=Kondo
en-aut-mei=Akihiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShinkoAiko
en-aut-sei=Shinko
en-aut-mei=Aiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SasadaSusumu
en-aut-sei=Sasada
en-aut-mei=Susumu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SasakiTatsuya
en-aut-sei=Sasaki
en-aut-mei=Tatsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=FurutaTomohisa
en-aut-sei=Furuta
en-aut-mei=Tomohisa
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

en-aut-name=DateIsao
en-aut-sei=Date
en-aut-mei=Isao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=10
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Neurol Surg

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Neurol Surg

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Neurol Surg

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Neurol Surg

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Neurol Surg

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Neurol Surg

affil-num=7
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Neurol Surg

affil-num=8
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Neurol Surg

affil-num=9
en-affil=
kn-affil=Kibi Int Univ, Dept Psychol

affil-num=10
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Grad Sch Med Dent & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Neurol Surg
en-keyword=Parkinson's disease
kn-keyword=Parkinson's disease
en-keyword=Cognitive functions
kn-keyword=Cognitive functions
en-keyword=Disease severity
kn-keyword=Disease severity
en-keyword=Hallucinations
kn-keyword=Hallucinations
en-keyword=SPECT
kn-keyword=SPECT
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=126
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=143
end-page=150
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2014
dt-pub=20140801
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Molecular targeted therapy in myeloma and lymphoma
kn-title=リンパ腫・骨髄腫
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SaekiKyosuke
en-aut-sei=Saeki
en-aut-mei=Kyosuke
kn-aut-name=佐伯恭昌
kn-aut-sei=佐伯
kn-aut-mei=恭昌
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu
en-aut-sei=Maeda
en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu
kn-aut-name=前田嘉信
kn-aut-sei=前田
kn-aut-mei=嘉信
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TanimotoMitsune
en-aut-sei=Tanimoto
en-aut-mei=Mitsune
kn-aut-name=谷本光音
kn-aut-sei=谷本
kn-aut-mei=光音
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学病院　血液・腫瘍内科

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学病院　血液・腫瘍内科

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学病院　血液・腫瘍内科
en-keyword=骨髄腫
kn-keyword=骨髄腫
en-keyword=リンパ腫
kn-keyword=リンパ腫
en-keyword=分子標的治療薬
kn-keyword=分子標的治療薬
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=129
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=117
end-page=122
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2005
dt-pub=20050715
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A Comparison of Special Education Systems in Japan and Peru
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The differences and similarities between the Japanese and Peruvian Special Education
practice，considering aspects like，educational approaches used，communication strategies to
deal with non-verbal students and the education system in general，were explored. Teachers
of intellectual disabled children in Japan (30) and Peru (30) were the participants who completed a questionnaire developed by the researcher to determine the different ways of teaching in both countries. Results indicate important differences in the practice of special education
between the groups，but some coincidences in the limitations teachers have in this field.
The importance of inclusion doctrine in both countries and the role it plays in thespecial education system was found to be considerable. Implications include the need of an individualized
education for students with special educational needs.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi
en-aut-sei=Sanada
en-aut-mei=Satoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ChumioqueCecilia
en-aut-sei=Chumioque
en-aut-mei=Cecilia
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=
en-keyword=educational approaches
kn-keyword=educational approaches
en-keyword=inclusion
kn-keyword=inclusion
en-keyword=applied behavior analysis (ABA)
kn-keyword=applied behavior analysis (ABA)
en-keyword=TEACCH
kn-keyword=TEACCH
en-keyword=picture exchange communication system (PECS)
kn-keyword=picture exchange communication system (PECS)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=9
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=181
end-page=194
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20131230
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Okayama University LEC English Program Evaluation Plan and Pretest Results
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This article describes the methods and rationale of the Okayama University LEC English
Program evaluation. The methods include summative measures （TOEIC and TOEIC
SW） to see if the program is helping students improve their English proficiency.
Formative measures are also being utilized to understand various aspects of students’
communicative competence and language learning to consider ways to improve the
program. These measures include surveys on learner affect（ motivation and anxiety）, a
reading strategy survey, and vocabulary tests. The results of the pretest measures will
be reported and possible implications will be discussed.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=PrichardCaleb
en-aut-sei=Prichard
en-aut-mei=Caleb
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学言語教育センター
en-keyword=program evaluation
kn-keyword=program evaluation
en-keyword=curriculum
kn-keyword=curriculum
en-keyword=administration
kn-keyword=administration
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=9
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=43
end-page=50
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20131230
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Writing is more than just writing: A case study of effective feedback within an intercultural writing center
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=　The purpose of this study is to examine a ‘popular’ tutor’s beliefs on feedback and her
regular tutee’s receptivity toward the feedback in order to investigate factors involved in
giving ‘good’ feedback within intercultural settings. The data was gathered by
interviewing a pair of L1 tutor and L2 tutee and observing their tutorial sessions. The
results revealed the importance of three points: building a ‘safe house’ for both the tutor
and the tutee, respecting the tutee’s ‘writer’s identity,’ and using praise in an appropriate
way. This research was conducted at a writing center; however, the findings offer
important insights into feedback that are applicable to language teachers in multicultural
and multilingual settings as well.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YoshidaHiromi
en-aut-sei=Yoshida
en-aut-mei=Hiromi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学国際センター
en-keyword=interpersonal feedback
kn-keyword=interpersonal feedback
en-keyword=academic writing
kn-keyword=academic writing
en-keyword=writing center
kn-keyword=writing center
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=56
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=51
end-page=63
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2014
dt-pub=201401
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=SUMS OF TWO BIQUADRATES AND ELLIPTIC CURVES OF RANK ? 4
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=If an integer n is written as a sum of two biquadrates in
two different ways, then the elliptic curve y<sup>2</sup> = x<sup>3</sup> ? nx has positive
rank. We utilize Euler’s parametrization to introduce some homoge-
neous equations to prove that En has rank ? 3. If moreover n is odd
and the parity conjecture is true, then the curve has even rank ? 4.
Finally, some examples of ranks equal to 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10, are also
obtained.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=IzadiF.A.
en-aut-sei=Izadi
en-aut-mei=F.A.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KhoshnamF.
en-aut-sei=Khoshnam
en-aut-mei=F.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NabardiK.
en-aut-sei=Nabardi
en-aut-mei=K.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Mathematics Department, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Mathematics Department, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Mathematics Department, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University
en-keyword=elliptic curves
kn-keyword=elliptic curves
en-keyword=rank
kn-keyword=rank
en-keyword=biquadrates
kn-keyword=biquadrates
en-keyword=sums of two biquadrates
kn-keyword=sums of two biquadrates
en-keyword=parity conjecture
kn-keyword=parity conjecture
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=2
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=152
end-page=174
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2009
dt-pub=20091220
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Structural problems of regional development practices in terms of sectoral GDP per capita in Turkey
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In integration of Turkey to the EU,the scope of regional programs has been transformed to reach
the basic regional socio-economic standards of the Union. In this way, new cooperative regional
programs have been applied in Turkey by the EU and Turkey. Therefore, some regional programs
in Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics（NUTS）level-2 regions have been examined in
this study. In this point, the data of regional GDP per capita by sectors has been used to analyse
sectoral disparities in terms of Gini index. To discuss and evaluate the future of the programs on
regional disparities, related sector parameters of GDP per capita have been calculated by regression analysis through（balanced）panel data. The ?ndings showed that there is a remarkable sectoral disparity among program regions, and the sector priorities of the programs are not suf?cient
to bring any long-term solution for the regional disparities. Finally, Turkey from regional and/or
multiregional perspectives needs to reconsider the regional programs for decreasing the disparities
as much as development ofthe regions.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=DincsoyEnver Erdinc
en-aut-sei=Dincsoy
en-aut-mei=Enver Erdinc
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IchiminamiFumikazu
en-aut-sei=Ichiminami
en-aut-mei=Fumikazu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental Science and Technology
en-keyword=Regional program
kn-keyword=Regional program
en-keyword=Sectoral GDP per capita
kn-keyword=Sectoral GDP per capita
en-keyword=Gini index
kn-keyword=Gini index
en-keyword=the EU
kn-keyword=the EU
en-keyword=Turkey
kn-keyword=Turkey
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=377
end-page=386
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=201210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Relationships between the Color-Word Matching Stroop Task and the Go/NoGo Task:Toward Multifaceted Assessment of Attention and Inhibition Abilities of Children
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Both selective attention and response inhibition can be assessed through the Stroop task and the Go/NoGo task (Go/NoGo). The color-word matching Stroop task (cwmStroop) differs from the traditional Stroop task in ways that make it easy to administer, and it enables the examiners to analyze reaction time. It is expected that the cwmStroop and Go/NoGo tasks will be useful as clinical assessments for children with developmental disorders and in combination with functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. The objectives of this study were to elucidate the pattern of developmental change in cwmStroop
scores and Go/NoGo scores and to determine whether and how cwmStroop scores are related to Go/NoGo scores. The subjects consisted of 108 healthy Japanese children aged 6-14 years. We found that cwmStroop and Go/NoGo scores displayed clear developmental changes between 6 and 14 years of age. The children?s scores on the 2 tasks followed different developmental courses, however, and the correlation between scores on the two tasks was weak on the whole. These results indicate that the cwmStroop and Go/NoGo tasks tap different aspects of selective attention and response inhibition.
Therefore it is expected that the combination of both tests will be useful in the multifaceted assessment of selective attention and response inhibition in childhood.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MorookaTeruko
en-aut-sei=Morooka
en-aut-mei=Teruko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OginoTatsuya
en-aut-sei=Ogino
en-aut-mei=Tatsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakeuchiAkihito
en-aut-sei=Takeuchi
en-aut-mei=Akihito
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=HanafusaKaoru
en-aut-sei=Hanafusa
en-aut-mei=Kaoru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OkaMakio
en-aut-sei=Oka
en-aut-mei=Makio
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OhtsukaYoko
en-aut-sei=Ohtsuka
en-aut-mei=Yoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Children Studies, Faculty of Children Studies, Chugokugakuen University

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Child Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
en-keyword=color-word matching Stroop task
kn-keyword=color-word matching Stroop task
en-keyword=Go/NoGo task
kn-keyword=Go/NoGo task
en-keyword=selective attention
kn-keyword=selective attention
en-keyword=response inhibition
kn-keyword=response inhibition
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=8
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=103
end-page=122
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=20121231
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=An Evaluation Way for Assessing Speaking and Writing Abilities With Commonly Based Evaluation Items
kn-title=＜話す・書く＞力を測るための両者共通の 評価項目による評価方法
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This paper shows the reflections, based on Relevance Theory and consumers’ point of
view, on two important elements such as Evaluation Items and Criteria for Grading
Levels, to evaluate especially international students’ speaking and writing proficiencies
among Japanese language learners. Concerning the speaking, grounding on Relevance
Theory and consumers’ point of view,（1）we found out Evaluation Items to assess the
speaking proficiency, and（2）we showed Criteria for Grading Levels based on these
Evaluation Items. Concerning the writing, grounding on Evaluation Items of speaking（, 3）
we picked up Evaluation Items of writing, and（4）we proposed Criteria for Grading
Levels of writing through Evaluation Items of writing. Consequently, this work could let
us propose commonly based Evaluation Items of speaking and writing more coherently
and comprehensively generalized way.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SakaiMineo
en-aut-sei=Sakai
en-aut-mei=Mineo
kn-aut-name=酒井峰男
kn-aut-sei=酒井
kn-aut-mei=峰男
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学言語教育センター
en-keyword=プレースメント・テスト
kn-keyword=プレースメント・テスト
en-keyword=話す・書く
kn-keyword=話す・書く
en-keyword=関連性理論
kn-keyword=関連性理論
en-keyword=評価項目
kn-keyword=評価項目
en-keyword=レベル判定基準
kn-keyword=レベル判定基準
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=150
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=35
end-page=43
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=20120727
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=An Attempt for Deconstruction and Reconstruction in Daniel Deronda − George Eliot’s Vision of the Jewish Story −
kn-title=『ダニエル・デロンダ』に見る解体と再建の試み ―ユダヤ人物語にみるジョージ・エリオットのヴィジョン―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Our aim is to make clear how George Eliot is trying to hold up a mirror in Daniel
Deronda against later nineteen-century Britain in her social and spiritual context.
Christian tradition, in her view, has long been settled more or less into a dead-letter
conventionalism. She finds in Jewish way of life a comparative viewpoint from which
she can look closely at her own cultural background. In order to restore a living religion
into the whole fabric of society, Hebrew language and its organic vision of history seem
to Eliot to give a valuable hint for British people to learn from. Her awareness of this
finds expression in a thread of the Jewish story woven in parallel with the English one.
We will examine this sense of purpose on the part of the novelist on the evidence of the
text.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FukunagaShintetsu
en-aut-sei=Fukunaga
en-aut-mei=Shintetsu
kn-aut-name=福永信哲
kn-aut-sei=福永
kn-aut-mei=信哲
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 社会・言語教育学系 英語教育講座
en-keyword=ユダヤ文化
kn-keyword=ユダヤ文化
en-keyword=キリスト教
kn-keyword=キリスト教
en-keyword=聖書批評
kn-keyword=聖書批評
en-keyword=意味探究
kn-keyword=意味探究
en-keyword=予型論
kn-keyword=予型論
en-keyword=実験科学
kn-keyword=実験科学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=57
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=282
end-page=236
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2007
dt-pub=20070928
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Putinism ：The Way of Russia to Democracy ?
kn-title=プーチニズム：民主主義へのロシアの道？
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KawaharaY.
en-aut-sei=Kawahara
en-aut-mei=Y.
kn-aut-name=河原祐馬
kn-aut-sei=河原
kn-aut-mei=祐馬
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=59
cd-vols=
no-issue=3・4
article-no=
start-page=573
end-page=585
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2010
dt-pub=20100324
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Dewey on Democracy as a Way of Life
kn-title=デューイのデモクラシー論の諸問題　―政治理論研究の立場から―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OdagawaD.
en-aut-sei=Odagawa
en-aut-mei=D.
kn-aut-name=小田川大典
kn-aut-sei=小田川
kn-aut-mei=大典
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=124
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=125
end-page=127
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=20120801
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Trend of liver and small bowel transplantation in Japan
kn-title=日本の肝・小腸移植の動向
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YagiTakahito
en-aut-sei=Yagi
en-aut-mei=Takahito
kn-aut-name=八木孝仁
kn-aut-sei=八木
kn-aut-mei=孝仁
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学病院 肝胆膵外科
en-keyword=liver
kn-keyword=liver
en-keyword=small bowel
kn-keyword=small bowel
en-keyword=transplantation
kn-keyword=transplantation
en-keyword=deceased donor
kn-keyword=deceased donor
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=102
cd-vols=
no-issue=3-4
article-no=
start-page=620
end-page=626
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=20110222
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Improvement in sulfur desorption of NOX storage and reduction catalysts using a Ba?Ti composite oxide
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=A Ba-Ti composite oxide was formed on a NOx storage and reduction catalyst via impregnation of a Ba-Ti precursor solution composed of H(2)O(2) added to a complex prepared using the citric acid method. The structure of the Ba-Ti composite in solution was analyzed by chemical composition analysis and FT-Raman and UV-vis spectroscopy. MM2 calculations were performed to propose its chemical structure. Both Ba and Ti together were found to form a composite molecule in the solution. Furthermore, TEM-EDX and XRD analyses of the Ba-Ti composite oxide on the catalyst prepared by impregnation with the Ba-Ti composite aqueous solution revealed that Ba and Ti in the catalyst were highly dispersed at the nm scale. The formation of the Ba-Ti composite oxide on the NSR catalyst enhanced sulfur desorption efficiency and led to high-performance NO(X) conversion as a NO(X) storage and reduction activity catalyst after desulfation treatment. It was assumed that the existence of nano-scaled Ba compounds combined with Ti was efficient for the inhibition of the sintering of barium sulfate and its facile decomposition. It was found that dispersion of Ba compounds for NO(X) storage materials using a Ba-Ti complex solution is an efficient way to improve the durability of NSR catalysts.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TanakaToshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TajimaIchirou
en-aut-sei=Tajima
en-aut-mei=Ichirou
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KatoYuichi
en-aut-sei=Kato
en-aut-mei=Yuichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NishiharaYasushi
en-aut-sei=Nishihara
en-aut-mei=Yasushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShinjohHirofumi
en-aut-sei=Shinjoh
en-aut-mei=Hirofumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Toyota Central Research and Development Labs., Inc.

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Toyota Central Research and Development Labs., Inc.

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Toyota Central Research and Development Labs., Inc.

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Toyota Central Research and Development Labs., Inc.
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=67
end-page=71
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=201202
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Relationship between Tourniquet Pressure and a Cross-Section Area of Superficial Vein of Forearm
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This study investigated the appropriate tourniquet pressure (TP) and duration of tourniquet application for venipuncture by calculating the venous cross-section (VCS) area on ultrasonography. Twenty healthy volunteers without cardiovascular risk factors were enrolled in this study. A target vein (either a cephalic or median cubital vein) was selected on ultrasonography. The pneumatic tourniquet was inflated using a rapid cuff inflator system at setting pressure for 120sec. TP strength was varied from 20mmHg to 100mmHg, in 20mmHg increments. The order of TP was randomized. Compari-sons among more than 3 groups were performed by one-way repeated-measures ANOVA and the Bonferroni method. The VCS area increased rapidly until 10sec after tourniquet inflation. The VCS area then increased gradually until 30sec after tourniquet inflation. After that, the VCS area did not increase remarkably. The VCS area increased with TP strength up to 80mmHg, but the VCS area at TP 100mmHg decreased to less than that at TP 40mmHg. Based on these results, we recommend a tourniquet pressure of 60mmHg, and duration of tourniquet application is 30 to 60sec for venipuncture.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SasakiShinsuke
en-aut-sei=Sasaki
en-aut-mei=Shinsuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MurakamiNaoki
en-aut-sei=Murakami
en-aut-mei=Naoki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MatsumuraYuko
en-aut-sei=Matsumura
en-aut-mei=Yuko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IchimuraMika
en-aut-sei=Ichimura
en-aut-mei=Mika
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MoriMasaharu
en-aut-sei=Mori
en-aut-mei=Masaharu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University
en-keyword=venipuncture
kn-keyword=venipuncture
en-keyword=tourniquet pressure
kn-keyword=tourniquet pressure
en-keyword=tourniquet duration
kn-keyword=tourniquet duration
en-keyword=venous cross-section area
kn-keyword=venous cross-section area
en-keyword=ultrasonography
kn-keyword=ultrasonography
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=54
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=1
end-page=32
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2012
dt-pub=201201
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=SOME REMARKS ON LUCAS PSEUDOPRIMES
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We present a way of viewing Lucas pseudoprimes, Euler-Lucas pseudoprimes and strong Lucas pseudoprimes in the context of group schemes. This enables us to treat the Lucas pseudoprimalities in parallel to establish pseudoprimes, Euler pseudoprimes and strong pseudoprimes.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SuwaNoriyuki
en-aut-sei=Suwa
en-aut-mei=Noriyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Engineerings Chuo University
en-keyword=primality test
kn-keyword=primality test
en-keyword=group scheme
kn-keyword=group scheme
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=40
cd-vols=
no-issue=12
article-no=
start-page=2465
end-page=2475
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1928
dt-pub=19281231
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental studies on the antagonistic function between the spleen and the thyroid gland 4. Report. On blood-components (white blood corpuscles in the splenic arteries and veins, hemoglobin, reticulated red cells) and the histological picture of the blood-making organs
kn-title=脾臟ト甲状腺トノ交互作用ニ關スル研究 第4囘報告 脾動靜脉ノ白血球,血色素,網状赤血球等血液成分竝ニ造血臟器ノ組織像ニ就テ
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Having studied, as mentioned in the previous report, the changes of blood-platelets in the splenic arteries and veins, I extended my investigation into white corpuscles, hemoglobin and reticulated red cells: and with the object of ascertainning what their changes mean, I carried out an histological research of the spleen, the liver and the bonemarrow in the above-stated procedures and came to the following conclusions. 1) In the case of a normal rabbit, the number of the white corpuscles especially the lymphocytes in the splenic veins exceeds that in the splenic arteries. 2) After thyroidectomy and the injection of phenylhydrazin the white corpuscles in splenic veins increase more remarkably than those in splenic arteries, the lymphocytes and monocytes also showing a remarkable augmentation. 3) When adrenalin or silver-elecroid is injected, the white corpuscles in splenic veins outnumber exceedingly those in splenic arteries. When adrenalin is injected, the lymphocytes and monocytes increase especially. When silver-elecroid is injected, the augmentation of the lymphocytes is not comparatively remarkable, while on the other hand, the pseudoeosinophile-leucocytes increase. 4) In the case of a normal rabbit, as well as in that where the thyroidectomy is performed, a greater quantity of hemoglobin is found in the splenic veins than in the splenic arteries, and it is especially so when phenylhydrazin is injected. But the continuous injection of silver-elecroid does not cause any remarkable change of the contents of splenic veins and arteries. The quantity of the hemoglobin fluctuates almost in the same way as the number of the red blood corpuscles does. 5) No remarkable change of the reticulated red cells occurs in splenic arteries and veins. 6) After thyroidectomy and the injection of phenylhydrazin, the appearance of the megacaryocytes in the spleen is demonstrable, but no remarkable change occurs in the liver. 7) Thyroidectomy gives rise to the atrophy of the bone-marrow, the proliferation of adipose tissue and the decrease of megacaryocytes. A similar tendency is recognizable when phenylhydrazin is injected. 8) From these above-stated blood pictures of the splenic arteries and veins, as well as the histological researches of the blood-making organs, it may be inferred that from thyroidectomical causes, the spleen regains, in a compensatory sense, its blood-making function outside the bone-marrow.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TsunashimaYoshito
en-aut-sei=Tsunashima
en-aut-mei=Yoshito
kn-aut-name=綱島義人
kn-aut-sei=綱島
kn-aut-mei=義人
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學柿沼内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=147
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=125
end-page=133
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=20110625
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Study on the Development of the Practice in Early Childhood Care and Education to Improve Both the Way to Grasp Its Goals and the Practice Itself Qualitatively
kn-title=保育目標のとらえ方と保育実践の両者を質的に向上させる保育実践開発に関する考察
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=今日の保育園には，保育課程経営の実現が求められている。保育課程経営とは，保育課程開発の各段階とそれに対応する経営活動をPDCAサイクルにのせて推進し，より豊かな園の保育を実現しようとする営みであるといえる。その実現のためのアクション・リサーチが，私立御南保育園において実施されている。同リサーチでは，実効のある保育目標の明確化過程をとおして，保育目標の明確化手順を開発し､その上で，所属保育士有志が，実効のある保育目標を達成するためのより発展的な保育実践を開発しようとする取り組みを行っている。本研究では，その過程の分析をとおして，実効のある保育目標を前提にした保育実践開発が，保育目標のとらえ方と保育実践の両者を質的に向上させる可能性があることとその実現のための課題について考察している。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YokomatsuTomoyoshi
en-aut-sei=Yokomatsu
en-aut-mei=Tomoyoshi
kn-aut-name=横松友義
kn-aut-sei=横松
kn-aut-mei=友義
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WatanabeYuzo
en-aut-sei=Watanabe
en-aut-mei=Yuzo
kn-aut-name=渡邊祐三
kn-aut-sei=渡邊
kn-aut-mei=祐三
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MoriHideko
en-aut-sei=Mori
en-aut-mei=Hideko
kn-aut-name=森英子
kn-aut-sei=森
kn-aut-mei=英子
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=IseMakoto
en-aut-sei=Ise
en-aut-mei=Makoto
kn-aut-name=伊勢慎
kn-aut-sei=伊勢
kn-aut-mei=慎
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ToyoikeRie
en-aut-sei=Toyoike
en-aut-mei=Rie
kn-aut-name=豊池利江
kn-aut-sei=豊池
kn-aut-mei=利江
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SaitoKenji
en-aut-sei=Saito
en-aut-mei=Kenji
kn-aut-name=斎藤健司
kn-aut-sei=斎藤
kn-aut-mei=健司
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科発達支援学系

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=御南保育園

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=白ゆり保育園

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=福岡女子短期大学

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=聖華保育園

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=新見公立短期大学
en-keyword=保育目標のとらえ方
kn-keyword=保育目標のとらえ方
en-keyword=保育実践
kn-keyword=保育実践
en-keyword=質的向上
kn-keyword=質的向上
en-keyword=保育課程開発
kn-keyword=保育課程開発
en-keyword=保育課程経営
kn-keyword=保育課程経営
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=147
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=27
end-page=34
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=20110625
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Reception and Skepticism of Science in George Eliot: In Focus of Lydgate's Portrait in Middlemarch (1)
kn-title=ジョージ・エリオットにみる科学の受容と懐疑―『ミドルマーチ』医師リドゲートのテクストを読む―その1
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We aim at clarifying how scientific world view and its methods are penetrated into the text of Middlemarch, and how scientific way of thinking and language contribute to changing the structure and style of the English novel. With this sense of awareness in view, we try to make clear how George Eliot attempts to reconcile the conflict between her cherished Christian outlook and terminology with the method of verifying hypotheses through experiments. Among the author's fictional presentations, we find that a heated discussion between biblical language and physiological, psychological one is evident in the protagonists portraits. For an example of this, we take up specific passages of Lydgate's delineation, and analyze how the novelist explored an innovative method of enlarging the dimension in character portrait.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FukunagaShintetsu
en-aut-sei=Fukunaga
en-aut-mei=Shintetsu
kn-aut-name=福永信哲
kn-aut-sei=福永
kn-aut-mei=信哲
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科社会･言語教育学系英語教育講座
en-keyword=聖書批評
kn-keyword=聖書批評
en-keyword=自然法則
kn-keyword=自然法則
en-keyword=実験科学
kn-keyword=実験科学
en-keyword=ロマン派的物質主義
kn-keyword=ロマン派的物質主義
en-keyword=心の科学
kn-keyword=心の科学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=43
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=29
end-page=44
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=20110926
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Productive Efficiency Differences among Chinese Cities : A Stochastic Frontier Approach
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This paper treats the empirical issue related to the urban productive efficiency. First, we construct a model incorporating urban inefficiency term and estimate a stochastic frontier production function at urban level. Next, we compare technical efficiency across Chinese cities during 1997-2007 by using estimated results. The urban technical inefficiency effect is found to be significant in many cities. Then, in the way of constructing the specification of the technical inefficiency in terms of various capital explanatory variables, we analyze the determinants of technical inefficiency of individual cities, and explore how the urban technical inefficiency is influenced by capital density, FDI, the domestic investment, while the impact of technical inefficiency on capital variables is investigated.
From the empirical results, FDI is able to reduce effectively the technical inefficiency. Capital intensive industry would be the engine of economic growth in the future.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=XuanChao
en-aut-sei=Xuan
en-aut-mei=Chao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NakamuraRyohei
en-aut-sei=Nakamura
en-aut-mei=Ryohei
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Okayama University
en-keyword=technical inefficiency
kn-keyword=technical inefficiency
en-keyword=urban productivity
kn-keyword=urban productivity
en-keyword=stochastic frontier approach
kn-keyword=stochastic frontier approach
en-keyword=chinese cities
kn-keyword=chinese cities
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=36
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=17
end-page=28
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2001
dt-pub=200112
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Application of Dead Beat Control method to the Water Level Control of Small-scale Hydroelectric Power Plant
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Small Scale Hydroelectric Power Generation is made using the water drop caused by the gradient difference between that of the river and that of the penstock. The water flow in this system apt to vary with time. Especially, at the time of the flood or that of the dry, the flow in the water stream varies largely. To realize the stable generation, it is necessary to maintain the water level in the head tank located in the mid way in the stream channel at a constant level. In this paper, variation of water level is forecasted using two-tank model for the penstock and the head tank and the water level control algorithm is proposed by deadbeat control. The effectiveness of the algorithm is evaluated beforehand using the simulation program of the water environment for the hydroelectric generation system.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=EndoShinichiro
en-aut-sei=Endo
en-aut-mei=Shinichiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KonishiMasami
en-aut-sei=Konishi
en-aut-mei=Masami
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Dept. Electronic Control Engineering Gifu National College of Technology

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Dept. Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama Univerisity
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=38
cd-vols=
no-issue=1-2
article-no=
start-page=73
end-page=89
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2004
dt-pub=200403
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Combinatorial Boundary Tracking of a 3D Lattice Point Set
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Boundary tracking and surface generation are ones of main topological topics for three-dimensional digital image analysis. However, there is no adequate theory to make relations between these different topological properties in a completely discrete way. In this paper, we present a new boundary tracking algorithm which gives not only a set of border points but also the surface structures by using the concepts of combinatorial/algebraic topologies. We also show that our boundary becomes a triangulation of border points (in the sense of general topology), that is, we clarify relations between border points and their surface structures.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KenmochiYukiko
en-aut-sei=Kenmochi
en-aut-mei=Yukiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ImiyaAtsushi
en-aut-sei=Imiya
en-aut-mei=Atsushi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=National Institute of Informatics Department of Informatics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=123
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=119
end-page=127
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=20110801
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The study of "physicians' explanations" in medical malpractice lawsuits
kn-title=医療訴訟における「医師の説明」に関する研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In this study, a subset of medical malpractice lawsuits that are preventable was evaluated using qualitative data. The objective of this study is to help reduce the number of avoidable medical malpractice lawsuits. This qualitative study could pave the way to future quantitative studies. The analysis of the qualitative data revealed that in the vast majority of medical malpractice lawsuits filed by patients and their families there were �@ an occurrence of unexpected bad outcomes, �A inadequate explanation by the patient's physician, and �B involvement of an instigator who encouraged the lawsuit. That is, the failure of a physician to provide an adequate explanation to a patient or the inappropriate conduct of a physician after unexpected bad results, with or without an instigator's involvement, is the main reason patients file medical malpractice lawsuits. The physician providing an adequate explanation to patients after unexpected bad results (adequate post-event explanation) is the pivotal determinative factor in preventing avoidable medical malpractice lawsuits.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FukumotoYoshiyuki
en-aut-sei=Fukumoto
en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki
kn-aut-name=福本良之
kn-aut-sei=福本
kn-aut-mei=良之
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　腎・免疫・内分泌代謝内科学
en-keyword=医療訴訟 (medical malpractice lawsuits)
kn-keyword=医療訴訟 (medical malpractice lawsuits)
en-keyword=医師の説明 (physicians' explanation)
kn-keyword=医師の説明 (physicians' explanation)
en-keyword=インフォームド・コンセント (informed consent)
kn-keyword=インフォームド・コンセント (informed consent)
en-keyword=説明義務 (accountability)
kn-keyword=説明義務 (accountability)
en-keyword=関与者 (instigator)
kn-keyword=関与者 (instigator)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=41
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=20
end-page=26
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1929
dt-pub=19290131
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental studies on the antagonistic function between the spleen and the thyroid gland 5 Report. On the sedimentation of red blood corpuscles
kn-title=脾臟ト甲状腺トノ交互作用ニ關スル研究 第5囘報告 赤血球沈降速度ニ就テ
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=From the investigation into the influence of the spleen and the thyroid gland upon sedimentation, the following results were obtained. 1. Thyroidectomy seems to bring about the tendency of retardation of the blood sedimentation. On the other hand, this reaction is prompted by the administration of thyreoidin. On these occasions no definite changes was seen in the quantitative proportion of globulin to albumin. 2. This reaction is prompted by splenectomy, and at the same time the degree of viscosity increases, that of globulin remarkably, and when silverelecroid is injected continually, the same reactions occur, though less strongly. 3. Judging from the above-stated experimental fact we are led to believe that the thyroid gland has a function of prompting the sedimentation of the red blood corpuscles, which the spleen restricts when they are operative in the function of blood-making, in the same way as these two organs have two diflerent infiuences on the bone-marrow.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TsunashimaYoshito
en-aut-sei=Tsunashima
en-aut-mei=Yoshito
kn-aut-name=綱島義人
kn-aut-sei=綱島
kn-aut-mei=義人
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學柿沼内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=42
cd-vols=
no-issue=12
article-no=
start-page=3059
end-page=3080
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1930
dt-pub=19301231
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The Pharmacology of the Blood Vessels of the Human Umbilical Cord and Placenta First Communication; On the Effect of the Autonomic Nerve Poisons
kn-title=人臍帯血管及ビ胎盤血管ノ藥理學的研究 第1囘報告 植物性神經毒ノ作用ニ就テ
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This paper deals with pharmacological studies of the blood vessels of the human umbilical cord and placenta, for the purpose of investigating the innervation of those vessels and their pharmacological reactions, a matter which is as yet not established. In the research on this subject, the following results were obtained: 1. Adrenalin manifests vasoconstrictor action on the arteries of the umbilical cord and placenta, as well as on the vein of the cord. Also this action may be depressed or reversed by the use of atropin or ergotamine. Adrenalin in high concentration causes all of these vessels to dilate, while the vein of the placenta is dilated by adrenalin in any degree of concentration, within the limits of an efficient dose. The constrictor and dilator action of this drug on the blood vessels is understood to be due to the stimulation of the motor and inhibitory fibres of the sympathetic nerve respectively. 2. Acethyl-cholin acts as vasoconstrictor on the arteries of the cord and placenta. This action may be attributed to the stimulation of the parasympathetic nerve, as it is antagonized by a small dose of atropin. This suggests that the arteries of the cord and placenta are innervated by the vasoconstrictor fibres of the parasympathetic nerve. Despite these facts, it was not possible to recognize the vasoconstrictor action of acethylcholin on the veins of the cord. and placenta. Acethyl-cholin in high concentration dilates both kinds of the blood vessels of the cord and placenta. This dilating action is due not to the paralysis of the muscles of the vessels, but probably to the stimulation of the vasodilator fibres of the sympathetic nerve. 3. The action of pilocarpin on the blood vessels of the umbilical cord and placenta is to dilate them, and its point of attack seems to be the vasodilator of the sympathetic nerve. The effect of this drug on the parasympathetic nerve in these vessels was not observed in this experiment. 4. Physostigmin shows itself to be a vasoconstrictor on the vessels of the cord and placenta. It affects the muscles chiefly and the parasympathetic nerve of the vessels to some extent. 5. Atropin by itself does not have any definite action on the vessels of the cord and placenta, but it can depress the effect of acethyl-cholin by a very small dose, and it can also depress or reverse the effect of adranalin by a larger dose. So, it is clearly seen that the parasympathetic nerve and the motor fibre of the sympathetic nerve are paralyzed by a certain concentration of atropin, but the inhibitory fibre of the latter is not influenced by this drug. Atropin in very high concentration dilates these vessels, owing to the paralysis of the muscle. 6. From the facts learned in this research regarding the pharmacological reactions, it may be concluded that the arteries of both umbilical cord and placenta are innervated by the vasoconstrictor fibre of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and the dilatation of these vessels is controlled by the dilator fibre of the sympathetic nerve. The existence of the constrictor fibre of the parasympathetic nerve in the vein of the cord could not be proved. The sympathetic constrictor in the vein is inferior in its developement to the same in the artery. In the vein of the placenta, it was not possible to confirm the innervation of the vasoconstrictor of either the parasympathetic or the sympathetic nerve. 7. The arteries of the umbilical cord and placenta show similar pharmacological reaction to the drugs. Therefore it may be concluded that they are under the same innervation. The vein of the placenta reacts to the drugs in a somewhat different way from what the arteries do. The action of the drugs on the vein of the cord coincides partly with the action observed on the arteries, and partly with that on the placental vein. 8. These embryonic blood vessels manifest nearly the same pharmacological reactions as in the general blood vessels of the body, though there is more or less difference between them.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MurakamiKensuke
en-aut-sei=Murakami
en-aut-mei=Kensuke
kn-aut-name=村上憲佑
kn-aut-sei=村上
kn-aut-mei=憲佑
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學藥物學教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=42
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=1015
end-page=1043
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1930
dt-pub=19300531
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental Research in Anoxaemia (anaemic type)
kn-title=Anoxaemia (anaemic type)ニ關スル實驗的研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=A large quantity of blood was shed from dogs and immediately replaced by the injection of an equal volume of Acacia-Ringer solution (Ringer solution mixed with 7% of gum acacia) into the vein in order to prevent any fall of blood pressure, (due to loss of blood, ) and to maintain the normal state of circulation. The content and tension of oxygen in the blood under the abovementioned conditions and the recovery of these from their now lowered level to the normal, were studied. Concomitant changes in the blood, viz., in the number of erythrocytes, and in the volume-ratio of blood corpuscles to the plasma and the haemoglobincontent of blood, were observed during the successive days. 1) By the letting of blood, the oxygen content in the arterial blood was lowered until it was 8.95 vol% or below; in these cases the animals succumbed always; but in cases in which the oxygen content remained over 10.55 vol%, the animals survived. 2) The critical amount of oxygen in the blood, the severe loss of blood and the lowered oxygentension of the respiratory air, all coincide in producing death. The determining factor in producing death, in these cases, was the deficiency of oxygen in the blood. 3) The decrease of the oxygen content in the blood below the critical value is shown by the decrease of the respiration frequency, especially in the most case by the respiration of Cheyne-Stokes type. 4) It seems as if failure of the respiratory centre to respond foretells the death of animals in the case of anoxaemia, for if the frequency of the respiration in anoxaemia exceeds the normal rate (i.e. the rate of respiration before the bleeding a. s. f., ) the prognosis is generally favourable; but if the centre can not respond to the lack of oxygen with increased respiration frequency, the animal, without exception, expires. 5) The amount of the lost blood until about 44% of the total blood volume (which was calculated as 9.72% of the body weight, according to Meek and Gasser) could be safely replaced by Acacia-Ringer solution; but a loss of blood exceeding 45% could not be safely replaced in this way. 6) Socalled “head of oxygen” i.e. the difference between the oxygencontents of arterial and venous blood decreased to 2.0% (normal value is 5.66 to 3.66%, average 4.26%, ) when about 44% of blood was replaced by Acacia-Ringer. If this value fell lower than 1.62%, by the replacement of a greater amount of blood by Acacia-Ringer, the animal died. 7) Complete recovery of the blood to its normal volume and number of bloo-dcorpuscles, required 33 to 40 days, if the shed blood was replaced by an equal amount of hypertonic Acacia-Ringer. If isotonic Acacia-Ringer was used, the recovery was effected in 24 to 27 days. Recovery of the amount of haemologlobin delayed about 3 days from this term. 8) The recovery of the blood to normal conditions of oxygencontent, numbers of erythrocytes and the amount of haemoglobin proceeded steadily, when replacement of the shed blood was made by isotonic Acacia-Ringer. If hypertonic Acaeia-Ringer was used for replacement, hydraemia followed withinin a few days during the early stages of recovery.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YosizumiSeiiti
en-aut-sei=Yosizumi
en-aut-mei=Seiiti
kn-aut-name=吉栖生一
kn-aut-sei=吉栖
kn-aut-mei=生一
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=27
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=16
end-page=21
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=201105
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The usefulness of quail as Laboratory animal
kn-title=実験動物としてのウズラの有用性
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The Japanese quail has been familiar to our Japanese from ancient era (Heian, 1,000). In Edo era (1603-1868), male quails were housed in Samurai class as a pet of "Singing bird" to encourage his mind. After that, these birds were domesticated for poultry under the policy of Meiji government, JAPAN. However, the Japanese quail as an experimental animal was lately paid attention in the U.S.A after 1950. Since 1960 in Japan, the Japanese quail has been improved for an experimental animal by using the domesticated ones. The National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) has exploited the Japanese quail as a useful experimental animal for environmental science by cooperating with Tohoku University since 1980. By the way, the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) was selected for high (H) and low (L) antibody production to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine more than 50 generations. And H and L quails had been reached the plateau of NDV-HI (Haemo-agglutinin Inhibition) titer at 24(th) generation. The structure of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes of the H and L quails was examined and found that each line was independent MHC homozygous line. During the selection experiment, these H and L quails were examined in their utilization as an experimental animal for Environmental Science as follows: 1) The reproductive traits such as egg weight, egg production, hatchability declined in H and L line quails, and H line became extinct at 53 generation due to inbreeding depression. However, L line has been bred as inbred quail for avian experimental animal, because of hatchability recovery happened at 43 generation. 2) Among the 4 species (mice, rat, hamster, quail), the Japanese quail showed highest sensitivity to NO(2). On the contrary, the sensitivity to O(3) was lowest in quails. It has been suggested that toxic mechanisms of those gases are different from one another. 3) The environmental hormone (Endocrine disrupting chemicals, EDCs) was examined in the hybrid egg of quails in accordance with the OECD guideline. These results demonstrate that EDCs such as DDT, Dieldrin and TBTO will damage the reproductive organs and make the egg shells thin in adult female. In conclusion, these quails are useful not only as a pilot animal of poultry, but also as an experimental animal for environmental studies.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TakahashiShinji
en-aut-sei=Takahashi
en-aut-mei=Shinji
kn-aut-name=高橋慎司
kn-aut-sei=高橋
kn-aut-mei=慎司
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ShimizuAkira
en-aut-sei=Shimizu
en-aut-mei=Akira
kn-aut-name=清水明
kn-aut-sei=清水
kn-aut-mei=明
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KawashimaTakaharu
en-aut-sei=Kawashima
en-aut-mei=Takaharu
kn-aut-name=川嶋貴治
kn-aut-sei=川嶋
kn-aut-mei=貴治
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=国立環境研究所・環境研究基盤技術ラボラトリー生物資源研究室

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=国立環境研究所・環境研究基盤技術ラボラトリー生物資源研究室

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=国立環境研究所・環境研究基盤技術ラボラトリー生物資源研究室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=43
cd-vols=
no-issue=9
article-no=
start-page=2349
end-page=2381
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1931
dt-pub=19310930
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experiments on the viscera-deposit of the Salvarsan
kn-title=「サルワルサン」ノ臟器沈着ニ就テ
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Improving Jancso's vital demonstration of Salvarsan, normal neo-tanvarsan (a Japanese neosalvarsan) was injected into a rabbit at the rate of 0.1 g per kilo of its weight, by the four following methods, and the viscera-deposit and the hours of the excretion of salvarsan were investigated. 1. Method with concentrated solution. Normal neo-tanvarsan was injected into the vein of a rabbit; the quantity used being 0.1 g dissolved in 5 cc Aq. dist. per kilo of the weight of the animal. 2. Method with dilute solution. The same quantity of normal neo-tanvarsan dissolved in 50 cc of 0.4% NaCl solution was injected into a vein in the same conditions as in method 1. 3. Method with active serum. The same dose of normal neo tanvarsan dissolved in 5 cc of the serum of a rabbit was injected into a vein in conditions otherwise identical with those of Methods 1. & 2. 4. Method with inactive serum. The serum of a rabbit was rendered inactive by subjection to a constant temperature of 60°C during the period of an hour. In this, normal neo-tanvarsan was disselved at the rate of 0.1g to 5 cc of serum per kilo of the weight of the animal, and injected into a vein. Air embolism reselted in the deaths of the rabbits treated in the abeve ways after periods of, 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 70 hours respectively. All the organs were then extracted, and sections made on the freezing microtome. Examination for salvarsan in the cells of the organs was made by the following method:- (A) Fixation in 10% Formalin for three days. (B) Making sections on the freezing microtome. (C) Bathing for 1,5 hours in a mixture of 1 part, 3% silver nitrate, to which had been added sufficient ammonia to destroy the brown turbidity of the liquid; and 1 part pure glycerine. In this developer, the salvarsan and derivates present in the tissues became brown-black in colour. (D) Cleansing for one minute in H(2)O. (E) Bathing in 1% thiosulphate of Soda (Na(2)S(2)O(3)) for 10 minutes. (F) Cleansing in H(2)O. By the above process, the following results were demonstrated. (1) In the case of the dilute injection, there is an even dispersion of salvarsan throughout the organs. In the casc of the injection of the concentrated solution salvarsan was found to be remarkably evident after 10 to 20 hours, as compared with the other methods. In the case of the inactive serum injection, the precipitation of salvarsan was least, viz. the affinity of the organs was least. (2) Thus, in these injections, salvarsan was taken in the Kupffercells of the liver, sinus cells and endothelial cells of the spleen, endothelial cells of the suprarenal gland, endothelial cells of the lymphatic gland, endothelial cells and reticular cells of bone marrow and histiocytare cells of interstitiar intermediate tissues of other organs (lungs, heart, testiculae, salivary glands, small intestine, thymus gland) and histioegtere cells of milk spots of the omentum and some parenchym cells (liver cells of liver and the epithelial cells of the kidney). In short, salvarsan is taken in endoreticular cells and some parenchym cells. (3) Finally, histological observation showed little difference in the injury to tissues, resulting from any these four methods of salvarsan injection. All the injections produced oft degeneration to the liver cells of the liver and epithelial cells of the kidney and congestion of each organ.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MurayamaIseo
en-aut-sei=Murayama
en-aut-mei=Iseo
kn-aut-name=村山五瀬男
kn-aut-sei=村山
kn-aut-mei=五瀬男
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學柿沼内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=44
cd-vols=
no-issue=10
article-no=
start-page=2567
end-page=2598
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1932
dt-pub=19321031
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The significance of the reticulo-endothelial system relating the experimental cause of the formation of liver cirrhosis; especially that of spleen-hormone
kn-title=實驗的肝硬變症成因ニ對スル綱状織内被細胞系ノ意義 特ニ脾「ホルモン」トノ關係
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Many kind of researches have been made for the cause of the formation of liver cirrhosis and recently the relation between the spleen and the cause has been the subject of discussion. But there are many points that are not come to light yet. The author has made an investigation about the significance of the reticulo-endothelial system and spleen-hormone relating the rise of this disease. By looking ober the experimental methods of study that have been made, he can divide them in to four classes:- 1. To put in various kinds of medicines. 2. To give special or one and the same kind of food for a long time. 3. The bile duct and ligature of the veins that enter and leave. 4. To give bacteria and their products. As inflammatory poisons, among other things, alcohol, chloroform, phosphorus, arsenic, tar, adrenalinemia, decoction of tobacco-leaves, antimony arsenite, and etc. have been used for a long time. But lately it is reported that carbon tetrachloride was used to give rise to liver cirrhosis. Mr. Midorikawa injected 0.05cc. carbon tetrachloride as the quantity for a day into rabbits respectively for dozens of times over and made the image of liver cirrhosis in the liver. Mr. Paul Ramson, and Mr. Kubo have reported that they got the same result. As for the author, he injected 0.6cc. oleum olivarum which contains 20% of carbon tetrachloride per kilogram weight of body respectively into the male rabbits weighing some 1.5kg. each and accomplished the study. Experiment I.To research for the significance of the general reticulo-endothelial system in relation to the cause of this disease, first he made an experiment of reticulo-endothelial blocking that is to say, he made 1% collargol solution by Mr. Amano's method; and injected 0 65cc. of it into each rabbit through their ears' veins per kilogram weight of body. After that he detected the ebb and flow of reticulo-endothelial function for same days by using trypanblue solution by Mr. Adler-Reimann's method. This experiment made it sure that the quantity of collargol which was used in it reduced the function to the weakest state next day and it recovered 3 as usual after 14days.Thus given two groups of stout rabbit were used in this experiment. The first group were injected with collargol solution and next day with carbon-tetrachloride. Into the second group he injected carbon-tetrachloride first and collargol solution next day. After four days killed them all, he extirpated their livers, fitted them with 10% formalin solution, made cutting preparation gave various dyeing to them and detected the change of the disease.The result. of the experiment shows apparently addifference between the results of the two groups; that is, both of them showed degenerative metamorphosis of liver but the change of the first is far greater than that of the second. Next, the same experiment done ober every fifteenth day for a long period showed still the same result as that above mentioned.This proves that the perpection or the imperpection of the reticulo-endothelial function has an important significance relating the change of liver disease. Experiment II.The author made the following experiment to know the significance of spleen relating the cause of the formation of the experimental liver cirrhosis.Given four groups of rabbits were used in this experiment. The first group are stout ones as a standard; the second group whose spleens were extirpated six days ago; the third group who were once extirpated their spleens cleanly and soon made auto-transplantation in their bellies six days ago; the fourth group whose spleen were extirpated 45days ago. He injected 0.6cc. oleum olivarum which contains 20% carbontetrachloride into the above mentioned four groups of rabbits respectively per kilogram weight of body and after four days killed all of them and compared their liver cirrhosis in the same way. The period of 45days after the extirpation of spleen is the time when abolition in the function of spleen is to be compensated. By the result of the above experiment, clear distinction can be found out between the first group and the second group; namely, the change of the liver disease of rabbits after extirpation of spleens is in far higher degree than that of stout ones. But those of the third group and the fourth group are very slight and rather come near to that of the first group.This proves that the existence of spleen has an important significance in relation to the rise of this disease.Experiment III.Lately the study of internal secretion spring into existence and it was proved that spleen is one of the internal organs that do the internal secretion and that spleenextract contains spleen-hormone which is said chiefly to acts on reticulo-endothelial system. In order to examine the effect which spleen-extract works on the rising of this disease, he made the following experiment. First to detect how spleen extract works on stout rabbit, he injected 1.0cc. of 25 times diluted spleen-extract (Prepare:- see the authors thesis, "The biochemistric-study of spleen-extract") into the ears' veins of the first group for three days in succession per kilogram weight of body, and for the second group, as a standard, he injected 0.85% salt solution into them in the same way and the next day injected 0.6cc. oleum olivarum which contains 20% carbon-tetrachloride into the both groups per kilogram weight of body and killed them after four days and compared the change of the liver disease in the same way. Though the result of this experiment shows little difference between the first group and the second group, he found that the change of the former is comperatively less than that of the latter.Next he repeated the same experiment on the rabbits who were extirpated spleen six days ago and got the result of great difference between the first group and the second group; that is to say, the change of the disease in the case of injecting spleen-extract into the spleen extirpated rabbits was far slighter than that in the other case and was nearly in the same degree as that of ordinary rabbit. But, as a standard, in the case of injecting them with only 0.855% salt solution first and then carbon tetrachloride, the change of the liver disease was in exceedingly high degree. Again he made an experiment in the same way on the rabbits that were extirpated their spleen (6days) ago and blocked completely the rest of reticulo-endothelial cell by injecting their ears' veins with large quantity of 0.8cc. collargol solution per kilogram weight of body for three days in succession. And the result of it made a clear distinction between those of the first group and the second group; namely, the change of the disease of the rabbits that were injected with spleen-extract was far slighter than that of those who were injected, simply as a standard, with 0.85% salt solution.The author repeated the same experiment on the rabbits that were extirpated spleens six days ago, by using chloroform (to give through mouth 0.5cc. of it per kilogram weight of body) and "Nekoirazu" (to give through mouth 0.05 gram of it per kilogram weight of body).By this it is sure that the changes of the disease by injecting with spleen-extract are all slighter than those of the standard examples. And these experiments make it clear that spleen-hormone has an important relation to the cause of the formation of the experimental liver cirrhosis.From the experiments above mentioned the author has obtained the following conclusions:-I) The general reticulo-endothelial system relating the cause of the formation of the experimental system liver Cirrhosis has a fixed relation. That is, when the function of the general reticulo-endothelial system is imperfect or the spleen is abolished, the invasive poison attacks the livercells sooner and heavier.II) The change of the disease above mentioned is exceedingly lighten by the transplantation of spleen piese and the injection of spleen-extract. That is, the special substance of spleen (HORMONE-) has an action to be able to reduse the change of the liver by poison through the general reticulo-endothelial system, especially Kupper's star-cell.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TanakayaKiyoto
en-aut-sei=Tanakaya
en-aut-mei=Kiyoto
kn-aut-name=田中屋清人
kn-aut-sei=田中屋
kn-aut-mei=清人
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學泉外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=44
cd-vols=
no-issue=8
article-no=
start-page=2113
end-page=2131
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1932
dt-pub=19320831
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The biochemistic research of the spleen-extract
kn-title=脾臟越幾斯ノ生化學的檢索
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=(1) I enucleated out cleanly the spleen of a young dog and from this fresh spleen extracted the spleen-extract fluid diluted 25 times with distilled water. To examine the effectual dose, I injected in the veins of rabbits with 0.2cc, 0.5cc, 1.0cc, 1.5cc, and 2.0cc of the spleen-extract respectively per kilogram weight of the body for three days in succession, and on the fourth day injected 3.0cc of 1.5% trypanblau solution in the same way. And after a certain time I took the blood out of the rabbit and compared the quantity of the pigment which remained in the serums of each rabbit's blood and the quantity of the pigment which was excreted into the bile from the biliary fistula, with the standard fluid. Then I killed the injected rabbit after a certain time and by the histological examination of the liver and the spleen I made the comparative study of the multitute of the trypanblau pigment which the endothel cell ate; and thus I came to the following conclusion: It is proved that the best effect can be obtained when 1.0cc of the spleen-extract per kilogram weight of the body was injected and the larger quantity of it rather makes some obstruction. (2) To acertain whether the effectual essence of the spleen-extract can endure heat or not, I heated it at 56°C. for 30 minutes, °C. for 30 minutes, 70°C. for 30 minutes, 100°C. for 10 minutes, 100°C. for 20 minutes, 100°C. for 40 minutes, and 100°C. for 60 minutes and injected eath of then into, different rabbits and examined in the same way. In this case I may safely say that the action of the heated spleen-extract becomes somewhat weak, but even the one heated at 100°C. for 60 minutes, no boubt, stimulates reticuloendothel. (3) To examine albuminous in the spleen-extract I injected spleen-extract which contains albuminous into rabbits and the one from which albuminous was all taken out by the Volin u. Wu's method into others and thus obtaind nearly the same results. (4) I extracted the spleen with alcohol, acetone, ether, water and 5% glycerine-fluid respectively, and found that the quantity of the effectual essence contained in each extract in the same degree of dilution was as follws:
ether>acetone>5% glycerin-fluid>water>alcohol (5) I compared the spleen-extract which I made by my own method, with the one made by Nitschke's method, which was made public lately, and it was proved that the action of the former was far stronger than that of the latter. From the experiments above mentiond, I affirm that the essence of the spleen-extract is the specific substance, hormon, which is contained in the spleen; that its fixed quantity stimulates the function of the reticuloendothelerialcells but its larger quantity rather makes some obstruction; that it can endure tolerably great heat; and that it is able to be extracted with alcohol, ether acetone, and water.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TanakayaKiyoto
en-aut-sei=Tanakaya
en-aut-mei=Kiyoto
kn-aut-name=田中屋清人
kn-aut-sei=田中屋
kn-aut-mei=清人
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學泉外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=44
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=1530
end-page=1552
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1932
dt-pub=19320531
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Contribution to the Pharmacology of Ornithuric Acid
kn-title=「オルニツール」酸ノ藥理學的作用ニ就テ
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The pharmacological action of phenol-glycuronic acid, urochloralic acid, glycuronic acid and benzoyl-glycuronic acid have been investigated in our Laboratory by Ishii, Matsushima, Tanaka and Sakata. Following the line of these investigations the author has studied the pharmacological action of ornithuric acid prepared from the urine of hen by giving sodium benzoate. The results obtained are as follows: (1) Ornithuric acid when given to the rabbit in its general circulation gives rise to a marked diuresis. Meanwhile it causes practically no change in general blood pressure, nor in the water content of the blood, and only the oncometric record shows an augmentation of kidney volume in every case. And in denervated or isolated kidney an increased perfusion rate is obtained. So it seems that in this vasomotor reaction the central nervous mechanism plays no part. (2) Ornithuric acid exerts diuretic action also on cold blooded animal. Analysis effected on perfused toad kidney showed that it concerns in this diuresis the glomerular system only, and that tubular system has nothing to do with. (3) The action of ornithuric acid on the blood vessel of the organs other than kidney is as follows: - Hind leg vascular system of the frog is dilated by low and constricted by high concentration of this substance in the perfusing fluid. Vascular system of the rabbit's ear shows similar reaction toward this substance. But coronary vascular system is constricted notwithstanding the concentration of this substance in the perfusing fluid. (4) Isolated hearts of toad and rabbit augment their tone and diminish the amplitude of their contraction by middle dosage and especially in the beginning, but then tone returns gradually to normal, accompanying an increase in the amplitude of contraction. By larger dosages there occurs an increase in amplitude of the heart beat during only a very short period at the beginning, then the amplitude decreases progressively to be finally arrested at systole. It must be noted that in every case there is no change in the frequency of heart beat. (5) In isolated smooth muscular organs of the rabbit, such as intestine, uterus and bladder, an augmentation in the tone and the spontaneous movement are observed for an appropriate dosage. Atropine has no influence on this effect, also the isolated trigonal and basal parts of the rabbit's bladder have shown no difference in their reaction toward this substance. (6) From these upper three results it may be concluded that ornithuric acid does not exert its action by way of the nervous mechanism but directly on the smooth muscular system.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakanoMitsutaka
en-aut-sei=Nakano
en-aut-mei=Mitsutaka
kn-aut-name=中野滿隆
kn-aut-sei=中野
kn-aut-mei=滿隆
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=大阪帝國大學醫學部藥理學教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=46
cd-vols=
no-issue=10
article-no=
start-page=2587
end-page=2608
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1934
dt-pub=19341031
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=On the Development of the Bird's Lung, especially on Uroloncha domestica Flower
kn-title=肺臓原基ノ形態學的發生ニ就テ（鳥類殊ニ十姉妹ニ於ケル檢索）
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Though many experiments concerning the development of the avian lung anlage have been performed, our knowlegde is still inadequate and defective with regard to the state of the development of air-sacs, parabronchi and recurrent bronchi. The author investigated to the development of the lung anlage of Uroloncha domestica Flower, comparing his results with those of R?sler, Shikinami, Murayama and Yakushiji, and in connection with this, further observed the state of the dovelopment of air-sacs, parabronchi and bronchial circuits. Most of the embryos were fixed in Zenker's fluid, and stained with borax-carmine. After subsequent treatment in the usual manner, these specimens were embedded in paraffin and trimmed and cut in transverse serial sections with a thickness of 10 microns. A number of models were prepared according to Born-Peter's method of wax-plate reconstruction. From the results obtained the following may be concluded. 1) The lung anlage of Uroloncha domestica Flower develops in pairs as in the case of the mammals and other birds. 2) In an embryo of 28 somites and 4.0mm in length, the first appearance of the lung anlage comes in as an enlargement of each side of the foregut caudal to the third gill-pouch. 3) In an embryo of 3.5mm length and of 31 somites, the lung anlage appears as a hernious enlargement on each side of the foregut. The distal end of the anlage foreshadows the bronchus anlage. 4) In an embryo of 4.5mm in length, the bronchus anlage is clearly distinguished and its distal portion is divided into the right and left mesobronchi. Each of the mesobronchi, markedly extending in the caudal direction, shows in the central portion of the dorsal surface the first division of the bronchus, i.e. Ent. 1., as a papillar bud-like enlargement. 5) In an embryo of 5.0-6.5mm length, each mesobronchus, divided from the bronchus, shows irregular spindle-shaped enlargement which forms the embryonic vestibulum. In an embryo of 7.0mm length, the embryonic vestibulum, surrounded by the mesobronchus, does not show any clear outline. 6) In an embryo of 5.0mm in length, the mesobronchus shows not only the Ent. 1. and 2., and at the caudo-medial portion Ent. 3. and 4., but also Ect. 1. and 2., which developed from the dorsal surface of the embryonic vestibulum. The four entobronchi enumerated in Uroloncha domestica Flower and these are in front of the embryonic vestibulum. 7) In an embryo of 5.5mm length, not only do each of the Ent. 1., 2., 3. and 4. show enlargement and proliferation, but the Ect. 1., 2. and 3. develop from the dorsal surface of the embryonic vestibulum, and the Lat. 2. is foreshadowed at the lateral wall of the embryonic vestibulum. 8) In an embryo of 6.0mm length, three branches from Ent. 1., extending towards cranial, transverse and medial, two branches from Ent. 2. towards ventro-lateral and dorso-lateral, two branches from Ent. 3. towards cranial and ventral, develop in connection with the enlargement of Ent. 4. The outlines of Ect. 1., 2., 3., 4., and Lat. 1., 2., 3. are clearly seem. 9) In an embryo of 6.5mm length, the first appearance of the air-sacs and parabronchi, which are proper to the bird's embryo, is observed. It arises from the Ent. 1., cranial the cervical air-sac, transversal the lateral moiety of the interclavicular airsac: from the Ent. 3., cranial the medial moiety of the interclavicular air-sac, ventral the anterior intermediate air-sac: from the Lat. 3., the posterior intermediate air-sac: from the Ent. 1. and 2., respectively 3. and 2. parabronchi: from the Ent. 3., each two parabronchi of the ventral and dorsal walls, and from Ent. 4. none. Further the ectobronchi develops 4 on the right side and 5 on the left. Ect. 1. divides in cranial and dorsal branches, from each of which two parabronchi develop. 3 parabronchi rise from Ect. 3.,4 . from Ect. 3.,a nd 2., from Ect. 4. At this time, Lat. 1., 2.,a nd 3. begin to appear and one parabronchus develops from Lat . 2. 10) In an embryo of 7.0mm length, each bronchial tree shows not only more enlargement and ramification, but each branch arising from the bronchial tree also shows marked development and grape-like appearance where they come in contact with each other. Ent. 1., and 2. from the ventral portion of the upper region of the lung. The tree-like parabronchi arising from Ent. 1., and 2., come in contact at the lateral surface of the upper region of the lung with the parabronchi from Ect. 1., 2. and Lat. 1., 2., which extend in a cranial direction. Ent. 3., and 4. from the ventral portion of the caudal lung region, and the parabronchi arising from these come into contact at the lateral and medial sides of the dorsal surface of the lung with those from the Ect. 2., 3., and 4. In this way, the parabronchi which come in contact with each other, combine together and from the bronchial circuits. And the anterior-intermediate-air-sac of the Ent. 3., as mentioned in the embryo of 6.5mm length, extending towards ventral, forms a rod-like prominence and develops the medial moiety that extends from cranial to ventral direction. At this stage, the first appearance of the recurrent bronchi is observed at the cranial extremity of the posterior-intermediate-air-sac, rising from Lat. 3.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KaneokaHideo
en-aut-sei=Kaneoka
en-aut-mei=Hideo
kn-aut-name=金岡英雄
kn-aut-sei=金岡
kn-aut-mei=英雄
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學解剖學教室胎生學研究室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=48
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=833
end-page=930
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1936
dt-pub=19360430
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental Electrocardiographic and Histologic Study on the Heart in the acute peritonitis and about the Effect of Bleeding upon the Electrocardiogram
kn-title=急性腹膜炎ノ心臟ニ及ボス影響特ニEKG及ビ組織學的變化ニ就テ(實驗的研究)附. 出血トEKGトノ關係
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The literature on the influence of acute peritonitis upon the heart is very rare, and especially the investigation of this subject by electrocardiography is only published by Steinberg so far, whose description is not clear enough and not sufficient.
Attempting to examine experimentally the changes of the heart due to acute peritonitis during the whole course from its beginn to the end, the author took the electrocardiogram changing all the time during the life period of the experimentally diseased dog by bacterious infection or artificial perforation. Bacterious infected acute peritonitis were produced by streptococcus haemolyticus, coli bacillus, Fraenkel's bacillus and mixed strains of all these kinds, and artificial perforation was performed in different dogs in stomach, ileum, jejumum and colon to ploduce acute perforated peritonitis. The careful studies comparing the changes of the electrocardiogram, clinical symptoms, postmortem findings, histological changes and bacteriological features revealed the following fact. As a preparatory experiment the statistic investigation of the electrocardiogram of 31 dogs which were employed to the research was made and proved difficult to define the typical form of the graph.
The end wave T of the electrocardiogram varied complicatedly and in spite of various explanations given experimentally and theoretically by many writers the definite meaning of the alteration in the T wave of the electrocardiogram is not still decided.
Investigating in healthy dogs the alteration in the T wave related to the depression of the bloodpressure caused by the haemorrhage from carotid, femoral and internal mammary artery and also from femoral vein, and on the other hand to the elevation of the bloodpressure due to the injections of Locke's solution, adrenalin and other cardiacs, the author revealed an important relationship i.e. the elevation of the bloodpressure caused a depression in the T wave, and the lowering of the bloodpressure made T wave enlarged. In the pathological heart this relation was not evident.
Standing the systolic period of the heart and the number of pulse in geometrical relation, the increase of the latter causes the shortening of the former. Finding the average value of both factors in the electrocardiogram in 22 healthy dogs the author found a parabora shown in the following formula;
A=139.57 P-0.374236
A is the systolic period,
P is the nomber of pulse.
In the same way the relationship between the period of heart beat (B) and the systolic period (A) was shown in the next formula;
A=4.5167 B0.373227
Considering the error between the calculated value by these formulae and the measured value, the maxinum error should be 0.09 second. Therefore the greater difference than 0.09 second between the measured and calculated values means pathological heart conditions.
The average life duration in the dogs suffered from acute experimental peritonitis due to bacterious infection was about 32 hours concerning with only lethal ending animals. Although in most of cases by Fraenkel's bacillus only death did not occur, the mixed infections by Fraenkel's bacillus and other germs showed a serious condition. The average life duration in the dogs produced acute experimental perforated peritonitis in them was 24.5 hours which was much shorter than in the former group, and another evidence was that no case of complete recovery was recorded, nevertheless among the former group some of cases were recovered. Among the perforated peritonitis in various parts the animal of the perforation in stomach died in the earliest stadium, and in jejunum in the latest, in ileum and in colon between them.
In the bacteriological examination of the ascites in the perforated peritonitis Fraenkel's bacillus was found in all cases, coli bacillus in most of cases. In some cases of the short life duration after the ouset of the disease Fraenkel's bacillus was only recognized, on the contrary in cases of long life duration after the onset of the disease streptococcus was discovered most frequently, Speaking only about the perforated peritonitis the prognosis does not appear to depend on the sort of bacillus of abdominal infection, but on the site of the perforation.In most cases of streptococcus infection very quick weakness caused by malignant diarrhoea was observed, and in spite of the relative long life duration the features in abdominal cavity were malignant, and the heart was affected seriously showing endocarditis in some, destruction of the muscles of heart and karyolysis in the other, and subsequently the findings in the electrocardiogram suggested these changes of the heart.In some cases the irritant condition was seen after the onset of the disease, but there was no relationship to the prognosis and the findings in the heart.As the result of the postmortem findings, the. presence of gas, the character of the ascites and the changes of the parenchymatous organs did not show any. parallel relation to the physiological and anatomical changes of the heart, i.e. in cases of high grade affection in abdominal cavity only slight changes in the heart were recognised. In seven cases, 30 per cent of the peritonitis affected animals the changes in thoracic cavity especially in the lobe of the lung; congestion of the
lobe, pneumonia and gangrene of the lung were detected, and in seven cases, 30 per cent, the congestion of the coronal artery was found in high grade, but not always parallel to the changes in the lobe of the lung, but speaking generally the changes of pleura and the lobes of the lung in high grade accompany the heart disorder. The heart of the animals of the infection of Fraenkel's bacillus and of short life duration after the onset of disease showed systolic stoppage. but the heart of mixed infected animals and of those which continued the serious condition in long period showed diastolic stoppage. In a case accompanied by serious pneumonia, the right ventricle in the diastolic stoppage and systolic stoppage of the left ventricle were observed.As the result of the investigation of the electrocardiogram in acute peritonitis the following facts should be noticed.P wave shows temporary enlargement, specially in cases of the haemorrhagic peritonitis the changes are most significant. In the animals of prolonged life duration and of weakness in high grade P becomes smaller and some times shows diphasic and inverted at times, but there was no parallelism to the pathological changes of the heart. In cases of abnormal prolongation of the auriculoventriclar transmission of stimulus could not find any histological changes of the heart.When the swelling of the abdominal cavity, the upwards compression of diaphragm and the dislocation of the heart to the left side by the accumulation of gas and ascites in the abdominal cavity and also by the paralysis and distension of the digestive tract were observed after the onset of peritonitis, the principal ventricular waves Q R S show laevogram very frequently, but not so often before death. Laevogram was observed in cases of the congestion of the coronal artery in high grade, and in cases of the pathological changes of the lobes of the lung or pleura laevogram was seen in many occasions.After the onset of peritonitis cases of the depression of S T line increased gradually and became 52% of cases before death, and even in cases of nondepression, non-typical form was observed. In most cases of the depression of S T line the heart showed diastolic stoppage, and the destruction of the muscles of the heart, and karyolysis were detected and sometimes occurred endocarditis,The granuler mitochondria was stained thin in various size and irregular arrangement. It is understood that the depression of the S T line or non-typical form represents the weakness of the heart or the cardiac diseases.After the onset of peritonitis T rises always temporarily and shows a large normal type as the depression of the bloodpressure, and when the animals died in the early stadium by the acute haemorrhagic peritonitis the electrocardiogram resembles to that of the animals before death by loss of blood. But when the animals lived long time and the weakness
of the heart increased gradually, T became smaller and sometimes showed an inversion or diphasic. Coronal T was observed in cases of high grade changes of the heart accompanying pericarditis, pneumonia or gangrene of the lung as a complication or in pregnant cases.Investigating the influonce of peritonitis upon the time of the transmission of stimulus by the resistration of the curve and the comparison of the measured values to the calculated values, the author recognized that the time of the auriculoventriclar transmission of stimulus and the systolic period of ventricles were shortened together, as the progress of peritonitis, but when the changes of the heart increased in high grade, showed evident prol ongation of the time and greater value than maximum error.When pneumonia appeared, Sm enlarged greatly and Tn, m showed large normal type and at the same time the depression of S T line proved significant, and it was proved that the socalled dominance of the left ventricle or laevogram appeared similarly in the complication of peritonitis with pneumonia as well as in oases of simple pneumonia. But in one of the peritonitis affected animals suffered from the gangrene of the left lung, empyema and pericarditis as complications dextrogram was experienced.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=HiraideShozo
en-aut-sei=Hiraide
en-aut-mei=Shozo
kn-aut-name=平井出正三
kn-aut-sei=平井出
kn-aut-mei=正三
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山醫科大學津田外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=45
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=15
end-page=26
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=201101
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Hyper Least Squares and Its Applications
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=We present a new least squares (LS) estimator, called “HyperLS”, specifically designed for parameter estimation in computer vision applications. It minimizes the algebraic distance under a special scale normalization, which is derived by rigorous error analysis in such a way that statistical bias is removed up to second order noise terms. Numerical experiments suggest that our HyperLS is far superior to the standard LS and comparable in accuracy to maximum likelihood (ML), which is known to produce highly accurate results in image applications but may fail to converge if poorly initialized. Our HyperLS is a perfect candidate for ML initialization. In addition, we discuss how
image-based inference problems have different characteristics form conventional statistical applications, with a view to serving as a bridge between mathematicians and computer engineers.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi
en-aut-sei=Kanatani
en-aut-mei=Kenichi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=RangrajanPrasanna
en-aut-sei=Rangrajan
en-aut-mei=Prasanna
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki
en-aut-sei=Sugaya
en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NiitsumaHirotaka
en-aut-sei=Niitsuma
en-aut-mei=Hirotaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering, Southern Methodist University

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=1
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=37
end-page=46
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=20110310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Study of Fraction Teaching for Changing it from as Quantity to as Number
kn-title=量としての分数から数としての分数への移行を図る分数指導の研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=The Course of study for elementary school notified in 2008 is enforced from 2011. Fraction Teaching in relaxed education had been taught in a concentrative way．It had taught concept of fraction in the fourth grade, and calculation of it in the sixth grade．Since it aims to enable students to acquire primary／basic knowledge and skills, new fraction teaching changes a method from a concentrative way to a spiral way．In this new curriculum，fraction teaching starts in the second grade．The most important problem for teaching concept of fraction is to change their image for fraction and teach concept of fraction not “as quantity” but “as number”．Thus, the study focuses on the problem how we should change our teaching from “fraction as quantity“ to “fraction as number ”in order for students to grasp “the concepts of fraction as number“ ,and reveals points for this teaching practically and empirically.
kn-abstract=平成20年度告示の小学校学習指導要領が平成23年度から完全実施される。従前のゆとり教育における分数指導は、集中方式で指導が行われた。第4学年では分数概念を、第6学年では分数計算の指導が行われてきた。基礎的・基本的知識・技能の確かな習得を目指す新しい分数指導では集中方式を改め、スパイラル方式で指導が行われる。しかも、第2学年から分数指導が行われる。分数概念に関する指導の最重要課題は、「量としての分数」から「数としての分数」の移行を図り、確かな「数としての分数」の概念を習得させることにある。そこで、本研究では、「量としての分数」から「数としての分数」へどのような移行指導すれば「数としての分数概念」を確実に習得することができるのか、その指導のポイントを実践的、実証的に明らかにする。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KurosakiToyoo
en-aut-sei=Kurosaki
en-aut-mei=Toyoo
kn-aut-name=黒�ｱ東洋郎
kn-aut-sei=黒�ｱ
kn-aut-mei=東洋郎
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=MaruiDaisuke
en-aut-sei=Marui
en-aut-mei=Daisuke
kn-aut-name=圓井大介
kn-aut-sei=圓井
kn-aut-mei=大介
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山市立鹿田小学校
en-keyword=分数概念 (concept of fraction)
kn-keyword=分数概念 (concept of fraction)
en-keyword=量分数 (quantitative fraction)
kn-keyword=量分数 (quantitative fraction)
en-keyword=数としての分数 (fraction as number)
kn-keyword=数としての分数 (fraction as number)
en-keyword=単位分数 (unit fraction)
kn-keyword=単位分数 (unit fraction)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=1
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=29
end-page=36
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=20110310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A study on cultivation of moral execution with extracurricular activities
kn-title=特別活動との関連づけによる道徳的実践力の研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=It seems that children tend to weaken relationships between other people or friends at school. The number of children who lose their goals and confidence are increasing, because they can't construct desirable personal relationships, In order for them to be able to do it, they need to foster their morality through taking part in the society and others positively and seeking the better way of life as a human. Therefore, we try to create the moral education that children can have connection to others and the society through extracurricular activities such as class activities and school events. This education will develop the mentalities that care for others, value justice and equity, and cooperate with others. We insist that these effects encourage children to notice the importance of caring for the society and other's positions and construct the better personal relationships. This study provides some example projects about comprehensive unit moral education with extracurricular activities, and explores the effect of cultivation of moral execution.
kn-abstract=社会の変動の激しい時代にあって，地域の大人とのつながり，学校での友だちとのつながりでさえ希薄になる傾向が進んでいる。望ましい人間関係がつくれなかったり，自分の目標を見失ったり，自分に自信を失ったりする子どもが増えている。こうした子ども達が望ましい人間関係を築くことができるようになるためには，日々の生活において他者，社会に積極的に関わり，人間としてのよりよい在り方を自覚し，よりよい生き方を求めていく中で，望ましい道徳性をはぐくむ必要がある。そこで，同年齢とふれあう学級活動や異年齢児童とふれあう学校行事などの特別活動を通じて，他者や社会に積極的に関わる道徳教育を行う。こうした体験的に自分の周りの人を思いやる心，正義や公正を重んじる心，協力し合う心をはぐくめば，社会性や相手の立場を思いやる心の大切さに気づき，望ましい人間関係を築き上げることができると考える。本研究では，特別活動との総合単元的道徳学習の実践事例をもとにして，子ども達の心の変革の要因を分析・考察し，道徳的実践力の育成の効果を検討する。
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SakutaKiyohiro
en-aut-sei=Sakuta
en-aut-mei=Kiyohiro
kn-aut-name=作田澄泰
kn-aut-sei=作田
kn-aut-mei=澄泰
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KurosakiToyoo
en-aut-sei=Kurosaki
en-aut-mei=Toyoo
kn-aut-name=黒�ｱ東洋郎
kn-aut-sei=黒�ｱ
kn-aut-mei=東洋郎
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=広島県尾道市立三庄小学校

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科
en-keyword=学級経営 (classroom activities)
kn-keyword=学級経営 (classroom activities)
en-keyword=人間関係の充実 (human relations)
kn-keyword=人間関係の充実 (human relations)
en-keyword=感動体験 (emotional experience)
kn-keyword=感動体験 (emotional experience)
en-keyword=自己実現 (self-realization)
kn-keyword=自己実現 (self-realization)
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=65
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=41
end-page=48
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2011
dt-pub=201102
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=The Relationship between Joint Pain and Climate Conditions in Japan
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This study aimed to determine whether there was any association between the regional climate and the proportion of people with joint pain. Regional climate data between 1971 and 2000 were obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency. The variables used in the cluster analysis included sunlight hours, amount of precipitation, number of days with precipitation, and temperature. The regional proportion of people with joint pain was obtained from the National Survey for Health in 2001. After performing a cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA and Welch's test were used to determine whether the climate characteristics of the clusters were significantly different. Within each cluster, stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were performed. We found that sunlight hours showed a direct, negative association with the proportion of people with joint pain (adjusted R2＝0.532, p＝0.016) in cluster 1, which was characterized as the region with the fewest total hours of sunlight, less precipitation, a modest number of rainy days, and low temperature. In the other clusters, the regional female population rate (cluster 2) and the senior population rate (cluster 3, 4) were the primary predictors. We concluded that the degree of exposure to sunlight may play a crucial role in prevention of joint pain. This finding should encourage people to set aside some time for staying outdoors in their daily lives.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TokumoriKimihiko
en-aut-sei=Tokumori
en-aut-mei=Kimihiko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WangDa-Hong
en-aut-sei=Wang
en-aut-mei=Da-Hong
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakigawaTomoko
en-aut-sei=Takigawa
en-aut-mei=Tomoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=TakakiJiro
en-aut-sei=Takaki
en-aut-mei=Jiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OginoKeiki
en-aut-sei=Ogino
en-aut-mei=Keiki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=3
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=4
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=5
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
en-keyword=climate
kn-keyword=climate
en-keyword=joint pain
kn-keyword=joint pain
en-keyword=sunlight hours
kn-keyword=sunlight hours
en-keyword=cluster analysis
kn-keyword=cluster analysis
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=64
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=1258
end-page=1270
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1952
dt-pub=19520630
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=STUDIES ON THE VIRUS HST (HAMAZAKI) ISOLATED FROM YOSHIDA TUMOR I. Method of virus-isolation and findings of the mice, inoculated with this virus, in its early stage
kn-title=吉田腫瘍腹水より分離し得たVirus HST (Hamazaki) について 第1篇 分離方法及び分離初期におけるマウス所見
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=During the last ten years since Yoshida discovered his ascites tumor (1943), many authors have intended to isolate a certain living agent immediately from the tumor ascites, but nobody succeeded. In 1950 Y. Hamazaki et al. have theoretically concluded that the tumor cell must contain a certain virus, because they have verified many fine granules of polymerized desoxyribonucleic acid in the cytoplasm which were demonstrated by Feulgen's reaction. And then, about a year later we and I fortunately succeeded in isolating and successive transmissions of a new virus (virus HST) from the tumor ascites and proofed sero-immunologically that the virus is nessesary to complete the transplantation of the ascites tumor successfully. Method of isolation. Mice which were transmitted intracranially with 0, 02 cc of the ascites, as a rule, died in a range of 5-6 days under serious brain symptoms with paralysis. The agonized animals were killed to prepare an emulsion of their brain which was diluted decimal with bouillon and centrifuged 2500 r. p. m. for 5 mins. By several successive intracraianlly transmissions of 0, 02 cc of supernatant from brain emulsion, the animals became very sensitive and paralysis disappeared. Transmitting it continuously (on the course of passage, filtration of the emulsion by Seitz's filter-plate was done once a time), we could obtain a fixed virus causes a certain meningoencephalitis in mice. The other case, we have immediately transmitted the ascites afresh into the abdominalcavities of normal mice. 4-6 days later, they suffered from the heavy ascites and gradually became very sensitive too. Their brains were made into emulsion in the same way as mentioned above and intracranial transnsmissions of it was done successively. Histological findings, 1) Mice inoculated with the ascites. Dissecting the cranial cavities you can find an unclean, yellow, thick foil on the pia mater. The tumor cells multiply limitlessly in and out of the brain. The meningitis takes place chiefly in the ventral surface of the brain and the dorsal surface of the midbrain. The glia cells, especially the subependymal fibrillary glia cells often multiply in enormous numbers and infiltrate near by. 2) Mice inoculated with the isolating virus. Similar histological changes, as above mentioned, could in miniature be seen. Especially, changes of the adjacent area of the lateral ventricle cavities and the edema of the brain parenchyma or the hydrocephalus interna often could be seen characteristically.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TakahashiMasabumi
en-aut-sei=Takahashi
en-aut-mei=Masabumi
kn-aut-name=高橋正文
kn-aut-sei=高橋
kn-aut-mei=正文
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部病理学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=8
article-no=
start-page=1661
end-page=1673
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1954
dt-pub=19540831
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the immunity of Newcastle disease virus Part II: The antigenicity of Newcastle disease virus produced from the hosts' organs infected with it
kn-title=Newcastle Disease Virusの免疫に関する研究 第2編 感染動物臓器よりつくつたNewcastle virus vaccineの抗原性に就て
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Although there are many investigations about the effects of various antigens of the Newcastle disease virus, the author makes reports on the antigenicity of this virus and also on the immune effects of various fractions obtained on the way of purification of the used materials. The materials chosen for this research were the fowl brains and chick-embryos infected with this virus. 1) In the case where the tissue emulsion was chosen as vaccine, the emulsized tissue as it was had very remarkable effect. 2) Whether formal dehyde or merzonin may be used for inactivation, the immune effect remained to the same degree. 3) The condensation of chorioallantoic fluid to one-fifth of it by Brumfield's methanol sedimentation method, showed great loss of antigenicity, having the hemagglutination and infectious titers of only one-second of those of the original chorioallantoic fluid. 4) The purified and non-purified antigens of the infected chorioallantoic fluid and of 10% emulsions of the fowl brains and chick-embyros were inoculated into the hearts of chickens. Then the purified antigen of chorioallantoic fluid and non-purified antigen of emulsized chick-embryos showed better results than the others, in all of the tests of sen sitized cell agglutination, hemagglutination and of protection against infection. 5) The Newcastle disease virus had its kaolin-adsorption and -dissociation points at pH 4.0 and 8.0 respectively, and the adsorption on kaolin was well performed by repeating it twice. 6) Studying the nitrogen quantity and infectious titer of the kaolin-adsorption and -dissociation products of 10% fowl brain emulsions, the supernatant of adsorption was rich in tissue components and poor in viruses, but that of dissociation was rich in viruses and poor in tissue components. 7) The portion, which is rich in tissue elements and poor in viruses, showed greater antigenicity than the other portion, when they were inactivated and inoculated into chick-hearts. Considering the above-mentioned results, the emulsized chick-embryos as these are seem to be the best one as the antigen of Newcastle disease virus, in view of the intensity of the antigenicity, and the possibility of intramuscular injection and mass production.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakagawaFumio
en-aut-sei=Nakagawa
en-aut-mei=Fumio
kn-aut-name=中川文雄
kn-aut-sei=中川
kn-aut-mei=文雄
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部細菌学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=7
article-no=
start-page=1257
end-page=1297
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1954
dt-pub=19540731
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental Studies on Hypertrophy of Prostate as well as on Kidney Function I Chapter. On Kidney Function due to Extracts out of Human Prostate Gland
kn-title=前立腺肥大症と腎機能に関する実験的研究 第1編 人の前立腺浸出液注射による腎臟機能障碍について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=1. After having Prepared extracts each from normal prostate gland, slightly glandular hypetrophied prostate gland in mixed form, as well as from highly hypertrophied prstate gland, all taken out of human being, injected them subcutaneously in a dog, in doses of 5-2cc per day, for 14-16 weeks continually; and examined in each case such as general view, changes that happened to Rest-N, Cl, Ur as well as Ur in the Blood, at the same time making efforts to find out changes in function, by way of urinal symptoms, and alike by way of fluid test. 2. In cases where the extract from human normal prostate gland has been administered, no conspicuous change could be seen. 3. All cases in which extracts from human hypertrophied prostate gland were injected, as to the genral view, first came thirst, followed by loss of appetite, anxietly, depression; moreover, gave rise to a general exhaution. Then, abatement of body weight, as well as oedema appeared in limbs (esp. in back limb); which seemed to be accompanied by icterus. 4. As for Rest-N, Cl, Ur and Ur, all have indicated rapid or certain gradual increase. 5. As for urinal symptoms, red blood cells were recognized in almost all cases, which verified albumin, at the last stage of administration. In most outstanding cases, urinal cylinder could be detected. 6. In fluid test, an important hindrance of concentration ability was recognized; and though the dog was kept in normal state, there occurred something like hyposthenuria. However, no great change happened to the abilities both of excretion as well as dilution. Besides, no clear sign of initial polyuria could be seen. 7. These changes have all differed in degree, dne to histological diversion of admi-nistered prostate gland; and in general, the glandular hypertrophy type affected greater than mixture hypertrophy type; where moreover, the greater the hypertrophy, stronger in hindrance. 8. In our experiment, in only one case (3rd case) it was found that 6 mouths after the suspension of administration, every symptoms became normal. 9. Hindrance of kidney function seen among those in which extracts from hypertrophied prostate gland were administered, seems to have resulted from Nephrose incurred histolo-gically, which, even if a extract of very slightly hypertrophied prostate gland has power to incur.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OhtoShigemichi
en-aut-sei=Ohto
en-aut-mei=Shigemichi
kn-aut-name=大藤重道
kn-aut-sei=大藤
kn-aut-mei=重道
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部皮膚科泌尿器科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=6
article-no=
start-page=1187
end-page=1193
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1954
dt-pub=19540630
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the Local Influence of Antigen Reinjection in Passive Anaphylaxis of Guinea Pig
kn-title=海?の被働性過敏症に於ける抗原再注射場所による影響に就いて （過敏症実験3）
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=On the local influence of antigen reinjection in passive anaphylaxis of guinea pig. 1) There was found no great difference among cases where a guinea pig was sensitized with high value anticrystallines hen's egg white rabbit serum, V. jugunaly, A. caroticaly, as well as, through A. mesentericus. 2) Most part of antigens through the brain and intestines was supposed as the case when injected V. jugunaly, to reach the lung by way of the heart.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamasitaKeizo
en-aut-sei=Yamasita
en-aut-mei=Keizo
kn-aut-name=山下敬三
kn-aut-sei=山下
kn-aut-mei=敬三
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部衛生学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=919
end-page=932
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1954
dt-pub=19540531
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=The experimental study of Colibacteriophage Report II On the phage growth by nucleus & nuclear substance of blood corpuscle
kn-title=大腸菌ファージの実験的研究 第二編 血球核及び核様物に依る大腸菌ファージの増殖について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In my method for the separation and purification of the colibacteriophage, I employed the chromatograph; but I examined the bacteriosolving phenomenon of the phage by using host bacteriofiltrate and rabitt antiserum for host bacterium, as well as, nucleus and nuclear substance of the blood corpuscle of cock and tortoise. In the former I did not get a good result, but I found that the phage growth was accelerated in a high degree in the latter, and consequently this report was written. First, I defibrinierted the 2cc. blood of cook and tortoise, and made the bloodsuspension by ordinary method and then centrifuged it; added distilled water to the blood-corpuscle after the centrifugation, oscillated, mixed well, and demolished the protoplasm by distilled water. As soon as the white nucleus is suspended uniformly, physiological salt, water is added to it in a large quantity; dissolving the pure dregs which were obtained after severaltimes of centrifugation in 5cc. salt water, I presented the same substance that was completely solved for experiment. Then I dyed and microscoped it, and noticed thickly dyeing nucleus as well as a large number of fine granular substance dottes arround it. The strength of colibacteriophage as contrast was 10(-3), but it rose to 10(-27) when the nucleus and nuclear substance of cock was added to it so that it might he diluted same as the first. Moreover, the strength of phage rose to 10(-20) in the filtrate of this nucleus and nuclear substance. In regard to nucleus and nuclear substance of tortoise, the strength of phage was not so strong as cock, but it rose to 10(-14)
When I heated the nucleus and nuclear substance of cock bloodcorpuscle in the water bath, the degree of growth facility decreased together with the heat, and it seemed that the effect of growth facility is lostt almost at 100-120°C. "The Feulgen Reaktion" of nucleus and nuclear substance of the blood was all positive, and it increased the degree of transparence together with the heat. It was discovered that. DNA is contained in the nucleus of blood together with a little of RNA, and it is difficult to separate the pure nucleus from the blood, so it is considered apparently that the protoplasm has lost its way within it. In a word, both the nucleus and the nuclear substance of the blood are considered that they play an important part in the growth of coli bacteriophage.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SasakiK.
en-aut-sei=Sasaki
en-aut-mei=K.
kn-aut-name=佐々木峻
kn-aut-sei=佐々木
kn-aut-mei=峻
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部衛生学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=66
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=449
end-page=458
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1954
dt-pub=19540331
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Sound localization (4)
kn-title=聽覚による方向識別に関する研究（其の四）（方向識別機転）
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This test was held in a sound-poof room, and the sources of the sound were all of pure tone. The audiometer receivers were connected to a double audiometer. The examinee had an apparent source of sound and the intensity difference and the time difference varied between both ears. The angular displacement of the apparent source was measured in contrast to the pure tone from a loud speaker connected to a beat frequency oscillator and was audible through spaces between the receivers and the ears. It was ascertained that the value of displacement was proportional to the logarithm of the ratio of intensities. (Stewsat's logarithmic law) Stewart's constant is different according to individuals. The constant does not vary with the increasing frequency. The value of the angular displacement was proportional to the difference of the lengths of two sound-ways. The relation of the angular displacement (θ) with the time difference (T) and intensity difference (I) were as follows; θ=f(1)(I)+f(2)(T) Intensity difference must be of extensively great quantity to remove the apparent source. Time difference is the most important factor in actual localization. Intensity have more influence upon localization in acoustically fatigued Person and in patients with deafness.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=
en-aut-sei=
en-aut-mei=
kn-aut-name=田村節治
kn-aut-sei=田村
kn-aut-mei=節治
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学生理学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=67
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=1007
end-page=1015
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1955
dt-pub=19550531
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=SUGAR METABOLISM UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE CHAPTER II. INFLUENCES OF SEVERAL HORMONES AND AUTONOMIC NERVOUS TOXINS ON SUGAR METABOLISM UNDER HIGH TEM PERATURE
kn-title=高温環境下に於ける糖代謝 第2編 高温環境下に於ける糖代謝に及ぼす二，三のhormone及び自律神経毒の影響
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The glycogen content in both livers and muscles as well as the blood sugar values were measured after letting guinea pigs standing for 2 hours at room temperature or at 41°C. after imposition of a definite dose of insulin, Thyradin, adrenalin, pilocarpine and atropine and in some cases together with vitamin C, and the following results were obtained: 1. Though liver glycogen always decreased by imposing these drugs, the action of pilocarpine seemed to be weaker than Thyradin, and the ones of insulin, adrenalin and atropine were most apparent in a similar degree. 2. Liver glycogen content decreased further by exposing the animals to high temperature after imposing these drugs, but the degree, from the viewpoint of the decrease caused by drug itself, was not so different among these drugs except insulin, which introduced an apparent decrease, and agreed well with the degree of the cases exposed to high temperature without imposition of these drugs. 3. The decrease of liver glycogen content of the animals exposed to high temperature after imposition of these drugs was inhibited by simultaneous imposition of vitamin C, and the inhibition was predominant over the decrease owed to insulin or atropine. 4. Muscle glycogen content decreased slightly by adrenalin and apparently by atropine, and the other drugs seemed to have no obvious action. 5. Muscle glycogen content decreased more or less in all cases by being exposed to kigh temperature after imposition of the drugs, and the degree, from the viewpoint of the decrease caused by drug itself, was higher in adrenalin and pilocarpine cases than in insulin and Thyradin cases, and the one of an atropine case was far low agreeing with the case exposed to high temperature without imposition of the drug. 6. The decrease of muscle glycogen content under high temperature after imposition of these drugs was more or less inhibited by simultaneous imposition of vitamin C, but these effects appeared hardly on insulin and pilocarpine cases, while the action of vitamin C was predominant over the action of atropine. 7. Though blood collection made the blood sugar values increase, the values in all cases except atropine imposition, which made the value much more increase than the non-imposed, grew lower than the one before collection, and the degree was most obvious to insulin case. 8. The blood sugar values under high temperature after imposition of these drugs decreased further in insulin, Thyradin and pilocarpine cases, while increased in an adrenalin case and the increase in an atropine case was accelerated. 9. By further imposition of vitamin C on the above mentioned cases, the blood sugar values were influenced by vitamin C in a way to inhibit both the decrease in a Thyradin case and the increase in atropine and adrenalin caes, but no influence was proved in insulin and pilocarpine cases.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ObaraYoshio
en-aut-sei=Obara
en-aut-mei=Yoshio
kn-aut-name=小原美夫
kn-aut-sei=小原
kn-aut-mei=美夫
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=67
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=961
end-page=974
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1955
dt-pub=19550531
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON JAPANESE B ENCEPHALITIS WITH THE RADIOACTIVE P(32) 2. INVESTIGATION OF NUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM BY SCHMIDT & THANHAUSER'S MFTHOD IN THE ORGANS, BRAIN AND LIVER, OF MICE INFECTED WITH JAPANESE B ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS
kn-title=P(32)による実験的日本脳炎に関する研究 第二篇 脳内病毒接種マウス脳及び肝に於ける核酸代謝のSchmidt & Thanhauser法による研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In the previous paper by the same author the nucleic acid metabolism in some organs which was infected by Japanese B Encephalitis was studied by Schneider's method. Some detailed study by Schmidt & Thanhauser's method on this problem was further undertook and is going to be reported here. P(32) was used as the tracer throughout this investigation and was injected intraperitoneally into the mice at the acme stage of infection. After the time intervals of 6 and 24 hours were collected certain quantities of brain, which were then fractionated by Schmidt & Thanhauser's method into DNH- and RNA- fractions
These nucleic acid fractions were investigated on their P(32) contents. By comparing the results with those obtained from the control references made by treating the healthy mice with P(32) in the same way, an increase in P(32)-activity was recognized at the DNA-fraction of the brain, this indicating the fact that, when mouse is infected with the virus, the DNA-fraction of the brain suffers a marked change. Similar investigation was also carried out at the incubation period. In this case, however, an increase in the P(32)-activity was observed at the DNA and PNA-fraction of the liver collected from the mice infected with the virus. It is fully interesting that this increase in P(32)-activity shows intimate accordance with the visceral phase of the disease.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OsadaTakahisa
en-aut-sei=Osada
en-aut-mei=Takahisa
kn-aut-name=長田高寿
kn-aut-sei=長田
kn-aut-mei=高寿
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=67
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=591
end-page=602
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1955
dt-pub=19550228
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Electromyographic studies on the mesenteritis cicatricans. PART I
kn-title=腸間膜瘢痕症の筋電図学的研究 第1編 実験的研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The scar was made by mechanical and inflammatory way on the mesenterium in dog experimentally. In 22 cases of these 32 cases discahrgesat rest were found in the myogram of dorsal muscles from about 2 weeks after the operation. which ceased immediately by the lesion of the nerves of the mesenterium. Countless nerve fibres in the scar of the mesenterium were proved by Bielschowsky's sheath staining. As mentioned above, it is a viscerosensory reflex caused by abnormal stimulation of afferent nerve fibres passing through the scar.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=InoueHiroshi
en-aut-sei=Inoue
en-aut-mei=Hiroshi
kn-aut-name=井上広
kn-aut-sei=井上
kn-aut-mei=広
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一（陣内）外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=67
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=539
end-page=559
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1955
dt-pub=19550228
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=On the individual difference of adult human cerebral motor area in macroscopic and histologic way
kn-title=肉眼的並に組織学的に見たる成人大脳運動領域の個人差に関する研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The brain was fixed with formalin, washed by water, dehydrated with alcohol and etheralcohol, inbedded in celloidin and then stained by Nissl's method. The cells larger than 27.5 were to be considered as the Betz-cells. The area, where the Betzcells were found, were regarded as the motor area and the schemata of 70 cases of motor cortex were made. The fact was cleared from those schemata, that in the vicinity of th motor area those, which showed similar macroscopic findings, had similar extension of the motor area. The schemata of the macroscopic figure of the motor cortex were classified into 5 types and each type had its own shape of the motor area. There were a few exceptions among them, but they had also some close relation to the sulci. Among the 70 cases, those. in which the sulcus praecentralis superior was the anterior border, had the majority of 72.9%. In about 60% of all cases the motor area on one hemisphere was similar to the other side.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OotaRyosuke
en-aut-sei=Oota
en-aut-mei=Ryosuke
kn-aut-name=太田亮介
kn-aut-sei=太田
kn-aut-mei=亮介
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一（陣内）外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=67
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=505
end-page=538
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1955
dt-pub=19550228
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the intricating arrangement of various representations in motor cortex of dogs
kn-title=大脳皮質運動中樞の交錯性配列に関する研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=After removing the parts of each motor area of fore-limb, hind-limb, both areas of them and mixed area of both-limbs, the degeneration of the nerve fibres was pursued by Marchi staining. There were found not only the efferent fibres coming directly down, but also those taking roundabout way from these each of the fore- and hind-limb (all of the latter had been considered as associating fibres up to the present) and thus it was illustrated that they were intricating. These fibres included the pyramidal tract as well as the extrapyramidal tract. When the investigation was performed till the end of the spinal cord, it was found that the area for the hind-limb included a part of the fibres reaching the fore-limb.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NakanishiKakuichi
en-aut-sei=Nakanishi
en-aut-mei=Kakuichi
kn-aut-name=中西格一
kn-aut-sei=中西
kn-aut-mei=格一
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=68
cd-vols=
no-issue=12
article-no=
start-page=2555
end-page=2569
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1956
dt-pub=19561231
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Crystallographic Studies on Growth of the Concrements
kn-title=結石の生長にかんする結晶学的研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Various concrements from the human body were investigated by metalloscopy, and their growing mechanism was studied. 1. The surface of forty choleliths, more than 50 uro-liths and 2 sialoliths were investigated by metalloscopy. A figure of spiral growth was seen in 9 uroliths, but neither in choleliths nor in sialoliths. 2. As above mentioned, there were a few caliculi, which developed by spiral growth mechanism, just like the usual crystal formation in the nature. These caliculi were consisted of uric acid mainly. 3. In uric acid caliculi at first the crystal granuli grow in spiral mechanism as elements and play a main roll for growth. In such way they need no strong colloidal chemical changes for their growth. 4. Other caliculi, in which no spiral growth figure has been found, are of course to have to had crystals as their main elements. Therefore it is considered that, they grow in the same spiral mechanism which could not only be found because of their desiccation after extirpation and insufficient magnification.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamadaI.
en-aut-sei=Yamada
en-aut-mei=I.
kn-aut-name=山田勲男
kn-aut-sei=山田
kn-aut-mei=勲男
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1（陣内）外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=12
article-no=
start-page=3211
end-page=3214
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19571231
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the Barbital Concentration in Body and Sleep Part 2. Barbital Concentrations in Blood and Cerebro-Spinal Fliud
kn-title=バルビタールの体液中濃度と睡眠に関する研究 第2編 バルビタールの血中濃度と髓液濃度
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The pathway by which barbital reaches the brain is still unknown. Generally there are two possible pathways through which substances in blood enter into the brain, namely, one, directly through blood vessels and the other, by way of the choriomeningeal plexus. Barbital will possibly enter the brain by the former pathway but it may enter the brain by way of the cerebro-spinal fluid as in the case of P.(32) In order to verify this point, I have measured the barbital concentrations in the lumbar fluid and the ventricle fluid, each obtained at the time of lobotomy and at the pneumo-ventriclography, respectively. From these results, it has been found that barbital immigrated into the cerebro-spinal fluid faster than bromine so that there seems to be a possible pathway to the brain through this fluid. Moreover, in the measurements of the barbital concentration in the ventricle fluid after oral administration has been found higher than that in the lumbar fluid. For this reason, I believe that the choriomeningeal plexus plays the leading r?le in the production of the cerebro-spinal fluid as contended by other investigators.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=SaraiKeisuke
en-aut-sei=Sarai
en-aut-mei=Keisuke
kn-aut-name=更井啓介
kn-aut-sei=更井
kn-aut-mei=啓介
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=10
article-no=
start-page=2637
end-page=2649
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19571031
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the Compliment Fixation Test of Rickettsia Tsutsugamushi I: Fundamental Studies on Compliment Fixation Test
kn-title=恙虫病病毒の補体結合反応に関する研究 第一編 補体結合反応に関する基礎的研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Three strains of R. tsutsugamushi, Karp, Mitani and Tanizawa strains, were inoculated into the peritoneal cavity of guinea-pigs previously injected with chlorpromazine. The peritoneal exudates of thus treated guinea-pigs were diluted with physiological salt solution and were used as the compliment-fixing antigens. The sera of rabbits immunized with living rickettsiae were used as the antisera. The compliment fixation test was carried out in the conventional way. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The peritoneal exudates showed a high compliment-fixing antigenicity, but did not show any anti-compliment-fixing antigenicity. 2) In the presence of homologous and heterologous antisera, the antigen of Karp strain did not show any significant difference in the suppression titer of hemolysis. 3) In both of homologous and heterologous antisera, the antigen of Mitani strain showed strong compliment-fixing action. 4) The antigen of Mitani strain had a compliment-fixing antigenicity, showing no noticeable difference in the suppression titer of hemolysis in both of homologous and heterologous antisera.
Consequently, the peritoneal exudates of guinea-pigs treated as mentioned above, in regard to compliment-fixing antigenicity, have the same rickettsial specificity, but no noticeable strain specificity.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=KonoJiro
en-aut-sei=Kono
en-aut-mei=Jiro
kn-aut-name=河野二郎
kn-aut-sei=河野
kn-aut-mei=二郎
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一外科学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=9
article-no=
start-page=2469
end-page=2475
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570930
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Glucose Metabolism of Bacteria Belonging to Sh. flexneri Part 3. Relationship Between Carbon Source of Medium and Oxidation of Glucose
kn-title=Sh. flexneriに属する菌のglucose代謝 第3編 培地C源とglucose酸化の関係
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In the study of the modos of glucose oxidation using Sh. flexneri 1 a, 2 a, or 3 a as the test bacteria, and glucose, gluconate, or ribose as the carbon source of the medium, the following results were obtained. 1. Every one of these bacteria cultured in the glucose medium can oxidize glucose well, but can not oxidize gluconate nor ribose. Those bacteria growing on the gluconate medium can oxidize glucose and gluconate well, but hardly ribose. The bacteria growing in the ribose medium can oxidize glucose and ribose well but not gluconate. 2. From the results obtained in the experiment using DNP as an inhibitory agent, it is assumed that glucose is mainly oxidized by way of the Embden-Meyerhof pathway by the bacteria grown on each of these culture media.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujimotoGohei
en-aut-sei=Fujimoto
en-aut-mei=Gohei
kn-aut-name=藤本剛平
kn-aut-sei=藤本
kn-aut-mei=剛平
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部微生物学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=9
article-no=
start-page=2233
end-page=2243
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570930
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Experimental Study on the Urinary 17-KS Excretion in Acute Pancreatitis
kn-title=急性膵炎時尿中17-KS量の変動に関する研究 第2編 急性膵炎時各種薬物投与の尿中17-KS排泄量の変動に及ぼす影響
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The author observed the quantities of urinary 17-KS excretion and the fluctuation of this substance up to the 20th day on the course of acute pancreatitis. This procedure was performed experimentally on the female rabbits. Also the influence of glucose and ascorbic acid on the response of the adrenal gland (17-KS excretion) to pancreatitis stress was observed, and the author has gained some results especially in regards to the signification of the fluctuation of this substance. The results obtained may be summarized as follows: 1) On the extra-serious cases, the urinary 17-KS excretion is shown extremely decreased on the 1st day, and the animals went to death on its continuously decreasing course. 2) On the serious cases the excretion decreases in the same manner on the 1st day, which is more remarkable in comparison with the degree of this decrease on control with simple laparotomy and peritonitis. After the 2nd day the excretion shows starting to increase, gradually returning to the preoperative level from the 10th to the 15th day. 3) On the mild cases the excretion curve is shown on the same way with the serious cases, but the decrease on the 1st day and the increase on or after the 2nd day are less on degree. 4) The count of eosinophiles decreases on the 1st day on the all cases. On the surviving cases it starts to increase on the second day, and on the 3rd day, is shown over the preoperative level. 5) At 12 hours after the onset of acute pancreatitis the adrenal glands were weighted over than control. 6) The urinary 17-KS excretion shows some decrease on starved animals. Starvaion or mal-nutrition can be understood as a factor of its decreasing on the 1st day of acute panereatitis. But the starvation cannot be contributed to explain the following increase. 7) The 17-KS excretion curves on serious acute pancreatitis with intravenous glucose administration are characterized by the increase starting on the 1st day. 8) Ascorbic acid pretreatment suppresses the decrease of the 17-KS excretion on the 1st day of the serious cases.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=InoueIchiro
en-aut-sei=Inoue
en-aut-mei=Ichiro
kn-aut-name=井上一郎
kn-aut-sei=井上
kn-aut-mei=一郎
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部津田外科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=8
article-no=
start-page=1957
end-page=1971
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570830
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=STUDIES ON THE ENDOMETRIUM IN CARCINOMA OF THE UTERINE CERVIX
kn-title=頸癌子宮の内膜について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=There has been much discussions whether the hyperfolliculliculinism is present in patients of carcinoma of the uterine cervix or not. These discussions, however, have generally based upon animal experiments, or on analogy of the mammary or the endometrial cancer. It can be said that carcinoma of the uterine cervix should not be subjected to the same way of the discussion, because its biological attitutde, differs greatly trom the rest. Therefore, in order to observe the condition of estrogen in cancer patients, the author investigated the endometria of the patients suffering from cancer of the uterine cervix. Endometria of 130 uterus extripated by the Okabayashi's panhysterectomy consisting of 55 postmenopausal and 75 premenopausal patients, were offered to investigation. The findings of endometria was divided into 7 groups. The endometria of thoroughly connective atrophical picture belong to Group A, while Group F includes endometria which have tortuos glands and iutestinal coarseness. Moreover, moderate varieties between the tow groups was respectively separeted in B, C, D and E, basing upon the condition of endometria and additional group M is of malignant variety. On the other hand, endometria consiting of out-patients were inpatients and autopsies which cxcluded the hormonal diseases were investigated for the purpose of comparison. In the premenopausal, group C, slight hyperplasia has been found 22 cases (41.4%) of cancer and 2 cases (10%) of control, therefore, it is more dominant in cancer cases. On the other hand, advanced hyperplasia, D, E and F group has been found in 18 cases (33.9%) and 6 cases (30%) which difference is of no signicicance. As the matter of fact stated above, slight hyperplasia has been found in the many cases of carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Provided that endometrial hyperplasia shows estrogenactivity, it would seem in the case of carcinoma of the uterine cervix that there is slight increase of estrogen. Meanwhile, as active follicle has not been observed by histological investigation of the ovary, it should be considered that ovary is not responsible for that source. As in the menopausal patients the cancer endometrium has shown no more significant hyperplasia than that of non-cancer, it would also seem that there has been shown no hyperfolliculinism in the case of carcinoma.
The fact that all cases of 6 adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix belong to the F or M groups would explain that squamous epithelium is quite distioguishable from the adenocarcinoma and is much of interest.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ToyodaNobuzo
en-aut-sei=Toyoda
en-aut-mei=Nobuzo
kn-aut-name=豊田信三
kn-aut-sei=豊田
kn-aut-mei=信三
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産婦人科学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=7
article-no=
start-page=1869
end-page=1888
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570731
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Influences of Polysaccharides Extracted from the Bone Marrow on the Circulatory System Part III Action of the Polysaccharides Extracted from the Bone Marrow on the Blood Pressures as well as Side-Effects when used in Human Beings
kn-title=骨髄抽出多糖類物質の循環器系統に及ぼす影響 第3編 骨髄抽出多糖類物質の血圧に対する作用並びに人体使用時の副作用に就いて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The author studied the action of the polysaccharides extracted from the bone marrow on the blood pressures as well as the side-effects when administered intravenously in human body; and obtained the following results: 1) These polysaccharides exert no influence on the arterial blood pressure of normal dogs, nor do they show tachyphylaxis. 2) These substances exert no influence whatsoever on the venous blood pressure in normal dogs. 3) These substances likewise in no way affect the blood pressures in human beings. 4) As regards the side-effects when administered intravenously in human body, in the majority of cases there appear a transitory flushing of the face, clizzness, and tachycardia, and occasionally a slight sweating, thirst. sleepiness, rash and fever, but they are in no way to be of a serious nature, as these side effects will gradually disappear with repeated uses of them. 5) It seems that the general conditions of an individual have nothing to do with the occurrence and severity of these side effects but have a great deal to do with individual susceptibility.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TominagaHiromu
en-aut-sei=Tominaga
en-aut-mei=Hiromu
kn-aut-name=富永弘
kn-aut-sei=富永
kn-aut-mei=弘
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=7
article-no=
start-page=1711
end-page=1724
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570731
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Blood Vessels of Tuberculous Cavities Part One On the Blood Vessels and Vascularization of Tuberculous Lesions Mainly on the Pulmonary Cavities
kn-title=肺結核空洞の血管構造に関する研究 第一編 空洞を中心とする肺結核病巣の血管並びに血管構造について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=By making Spalteholz's preparates from the lungs of adult rabbits, mainly from the 18 experimentally induced cavities and 11 caseous foci, following the progress of these tuberculons lesions, and examining these specimens under a 3-dimentional microscope, the author has arrived at the following conclusions: 1) In the tuberculous lesions, it has been found that the blocking of the pulmonary artery occurs and subsequent blocking of pulmonary veins. 2) In the caseous foci, blood vessels are almost obliterated and occasionally newly formed blood vessels are seen around the main artery and vein as well as around their residual branches. 3) On the capsules of the caseous foci are found comparatively less vessel distribution as compared with those on the cavity walls, while stenosis and dilatation can be recognized around the branches of arterioles and venules. 4) In the periphery of caseous foci, bronchial arteries have become dilated and among the bronchial arteries and bronchial wall vessels are found newly formed arterioles and venules. 5) Around the caseous foci are found occasional anastomoses precapillary and capillary between the newly formed pulmonary and bronchial arterioles, but numbers of these anastomoses are less than the numbers of cavity-walls. 6) Blood in the bronchial artery is seen flowing even into the pulmonary artery by way of the anastomoses around the caseous foci, previously mentioned. Consequently the caseous foci are supplied with arterial blood by the bronchial arteries as well as by newly formed pulmonary arterioles. 7) In the caseous foci that have started cavitation, newly formed bronchial arterioles can be recognized on the cavity walls at the orifice of drainage bronchus. 8) Pulmonary arteries and veins distributed in the cavity are blocked before reaching the cavity; but when they remain in the cavity in the form of beam, residual vessel lumen are seen in the central part of the beam and newly formed blood vessels of networks are seen surrounding the beam. 9) When the main pulmonary artery and vein are running on the side-wall of the cavity, these vessels are compressed, narrowed, and dislocated; and aneurysm and varix-like dilatation can occasionally be recognized. 10) Capillaries distributed on the cavity wall are classified into three categories according to their origin, namely, (1) those capillary vessel-networks that are newly formed from the small branches of pulmonary artery or vein; (2) those capillary vessel networks that communicate at the main trunk of pulmonary artery or vein; (3) those capillary vessel networks that are located at the orifice of the drainage bronchus and communicate at bronchial artery. 11) Vessels on the cavity wall mentioned above make small circles immediately under the necrotic layer, and reverse to venulous vessels. All these capillaries are closely connected with each other in a network formation. 12) The bronchial arteries distributed on the cavity walls are dilated and turned and twisted. thus the bloodflow is thought to have increased; and on the side of the hilus pulmonis of the cavity, numerous precapillary or capillary anastomoses are seeu between pulmonary and bronchial artery around the drainage bronchus. 13) The degree of changes in bronchial vein is less than that observed in the brohial artery, but the vessels on the bronchial wall are proliferated. 14) New vessels are formed from pulmonary arterioles and venules in the sickened portion of caseous foci and cavities; and the intercostal, the csophageal, and the pericardiac arteries penetrate into these pleuritic regions and anastomosed with each other.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TakataJunnosuke
en-aut-sei=Takata
en-aut-mei=Junnosuke
kn-aut-name=高田潤之介
kn-aut-sei=高田
kn-aut-mei=潤之介
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=1175
end-page=1178
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570531
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Pathologic and histologic experiments on the inhibition to ill effects of blood transfusion Part 2. Pathologic and histologic experiments on the inhibition of ill anaphylactic effects of blood transfusion in rabbits
kn-title=輸血副作用抑制に関する実験的病理組織学的研究 第2編 家兎の輸血による過敏性副作用抑制に関する実験的病理組織学的研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Rabbits were sensitized in similar way mentioned in part 1. The rabbits, whose blood corpucles did not to be agglutinated by those of receptors, were used as donor. The cow sera were injected into their ear vein by 5cc per kg. They were used after 5 hours for experiments of blood transfusion. The blood was examined previously after 3 weeks from sensitization by Ogata's diluted precipitation reaction, and its alergen content was corresponded to amount of complement body. Thus rabbits blood was given into the ear vein. On that occasion both of Ravonal and Anergen restrained not only the descending of blood pressure, as mentioned in part 1, but inhibited also the ill effects.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TabuchiTakaji
en-aut-sei=Tabuchi
en-aut-mei=Takaji
kn-aut-name=田淵崇侍
kn-aut-sei=田淵
kn-aut-mei=崇侍
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一（陣内）外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=1165
end-page=1174
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570531
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Pathologic and histologic experiments on the inhibition to ill effects of blood transfusion Part 1. Pathologic and histologic experiments on the inhibition to serum anaphylaxis
kn-title=輸血副作用抑制に関する実験的病理組織学的研究 第1編 血清過敏症抑制に関する実験的病理組織学的研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Cow sera were given into ear veins of rabbits and marmots by 2 cc per kg three times in every other days. Three weeks after sensitization cow sera were given by 2 cc in similar way, while their carotic blood pressure was measuring simultaneously. Ravonal and Anergen restrained remarkbaly not only descending of blood pressure, but inhibited other ill effects too. Active and passive anaphylaxis were examined in marmots. In contrast group they died by 100% and in those used Ravonal by 45.8% and in those used Anergen by 25%. The pathologic and histologic figures of Ravonal and Anergen groups were also silightly im comparing with that of contrast group.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TabuchiTakaji
en-aut-sei=Tabuchi
en-aut-mei=Takaji
kn-aut-name=田淵崇侍
kn-aut-sei=田淵
kn-aut-mei=崇侍
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一（陣内）外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=69
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=1009
end-page=1018
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1957
dt-pub=19570430
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the Pathogenic Agent of Infectious Hepatitis In Okayama Prefecture III: Studies on the resistance of the isolated virus to disinfectants
kn-title=岡山県下に発生した流行性肝炎 特にその病原体に関する研究 第3編 消毒薬に対する抵抗性
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The virus, which was isolated and preserved in the same way as that in the preceding report, was used in the present studies. The resistance to disinfectants was determined by observing the establishment of infection in the mice inoculated with the mixtures of virus emulsion and various sorts of disinfectants. The results were as follows: 1) The virus was severely injured by the contact with the common disinfectants, and was inactivated by the only 10 to 15 minutes' contact. 2) The inactivation of virus by the contact with disinfectants came near to completeness in about 3 weeks, though the inactivated virus still caused the pathological changes in some cases. The immunization of animals by thus inactivated virus could give rise to a sufficient immunity in them. This fact gave a important suggestion to the further studies. 3) In some cases, even the virus kept in contact with disinfectants for 4 to 6 weeks still caused some pathological changes. This fact suggested that this virus had a very strong resistance to disinfectants.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TokisueAkira
en-aut-sei=Tokisue
en-aut-mei=Akira
kn-aut-name=時末聰
kn-aut-sei=時末
kn-aut-mei=聰
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部微生物学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=251
end-page=280
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1982
dt-pub=19820310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=A Survey of the Undergraduates' Way of Life and their Value Orientation
kn-title=大学生の生活意識―「学歴社会と青年の生き方」調査より―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujimoriSyunsuke
en-aut-sei=Fujimori
en-aut-mei=Syunsuke
kn-aut-name=藤森俊輔
kn-aut-sei=藤森
kn-aut-mei=俊輔
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=23
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=153
end-page=168
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1991
dt-pub=19910628
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title='Internalization' Theory: Which Way ?
kn-title=「内部化」理論の方向性―Buckley-Casson説の検討を中心に―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TsumoriTakayuki
en-aut-sei=Tsumori
en-aut-mei=Takayuki
kn-aut-name=津守貴之
kn-aut-sei=津守
kn-aut-mei=貴之
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=28
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=59
end-page=78
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1997
dt-pub=19970310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=On Multiperiod Policy Implementation Model
kn-title=多期間政策インプリメンテーション・モデルについて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=It is intended here to investigate the basic structures and functions of the so-called "reputation" regime of macroeconomic policy-making by making use of a simple macro-model as composed of aggregate Lucas-type supply and ordinary demand functions in a familiar static framework of two targets and one policy instrument. The regime is conceived as one of
many possible compromises between commitment and discretion, possible in a multi-period setting of the intrinsically static model, and the private
sector's way of rational expectations is shown to be decisive in what reputation regime is concretely effected as a substitute for unrealistic commitment.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujimotoToshimi
en-aut-sei=Fujimoto
en-aut-mei=Toshimi
kn-aut-name=藤本利躬
kn-aut-sei=藤本
kn-aut-mei=利躬
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=28
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=143
end-page=160
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1996
dt-pub=19960828
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=An Institutionalist Approach to Liberaliam (1)
kn-title=自由主義に対する制度派的アプローチ(1)
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The aim of this paper is to present a new way of theorizing liberalist political / social doctrines. Formerly, most supporters of liberalism have constructed their political / social theories on the base of "methodological
individualism". But here I try to found a discriptive / normative theory of liberal societies on the ground ofa sort of "wholism". A main idea of this paper is to conceptualize "personhood" as one type of institutions. I define "institution" as a expected pattern of actions, or a system of rules of conducts, and see "person" as the special type of institution, the institution enacted by one physical humane individual. And I make a thoretical modell of liberal society as a band of different types of institutions. In this modell, "person" is not a sort of "social atom",
but have a very specific functioning.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=InabaShin-ichiro
en-aut-sei=Inaba
en-aut-mei=Shin-ichiro
kn-aut-name=稲葉振一郎
kn-aut-sei=稲葉
kn-aut-mei=振一郎
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=29
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=79
end-page=85
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1997
dt-pub=19971210
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Global Comparative Statics for Models with Hicksian Imperfect Stability
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This note is to provide a bridge between traditional local analysis for comparative statics and its global counterpart. Many economists vaguely believe that it is possible to obtain a global result by applying consecutively a series of local results. This belief is not well founded in models where parameters enter in a not-so-simple way. An example is given to show that local analysis is after all local. In the proof of the first main theorem, a consecutive use of a well known local result is employed. Some necessary assumptions are explicitly stated. Then this theorem is applied to establish another main theorem in which a simple repetitive application of local analysis may break down because some required properties cease to hold. This two-stage approach seems to be useful in tackling with other types of equations. As an application of our theorems, a general equilibrium model with Hicksian imperfect stability is taken up. A comparative statics result due to Hicks is extended to the case of global changes. An interesting point to note is that when dealing with global comparative statics, the old system plays no explicit role. Only the new system matters together with the new and old equilibrium values. Understanding this point is important when we come to consider such real situations as involve technical changes in which new processes as well as new commodities turn up.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujimotoTakao
en-aut-sei=Fujimoto
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=藤本喬雄
kn-aut-sei=藤本
kn-aut-mei=喬雄
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=30
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=303
end-page=331
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1999
dt-pub=19990310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title='We Will Construct Our Assembly Line' (II)  : the Case of the Tahara No.1 Plant of Toyota
kn-title=現場が作る組立ライン(II)―田原第1組立工場の事例―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Since the beginning of 1990 s, Toyota has been pursuing a new direction in its human resource management and assembly work. After encountering a labor crisis-labor shortage and high turn over of young workers-during the economic boom provoked by the "financial bubble" toward the end of 1980 s, Toyota's management and Union discussed
ways of making the work more attractive. Based on this discussion, the production engineering division developed a new assembly line concept realized firstly at Toyota Kyushu plant (1992), applied also to Toyota's Motomachi No.2 plant (1994), Tahara No.1 plant (1995) and Motomachi No.1 plant (1996). Among these plants, the construction of the assembly line at Tahara No.1 Plant constitutes a unique case in the fact that it was not the production engineering division, but the foremen, supervisors and engineers belonging to the plant who conceived and constructed this new assembly line. Moreover, in order to realize what they considered as their ideal assembly line, they proposed to the product development center an important change of car structure and parts design from the very beginning of product development where the so called "concurrent engineering" has started. The second part of this paper deals with the 'Kaizen' activities in order to realize their "ideal assembly line" after construction. In the concluding section, I emphasize the fact that the
'Kaizen' activities at Toyota are now centered on humanization of work certainly without renouncing efforts towards cost reduction.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ShimizuKoichi
en-aut-sei=Shimizu
en-aut-mei=Koichi
kn-aut-name=清水耕一
kn-aut-sei=清水
kn-aut-mei=耕一
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=30
cd-vols=
no-issue=4
article-no=
start-page=133
end-page=165
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1999
dt-pub=19990310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Establishment of Zhu Rongji Cabinet and the Chinese Society Observed through Abbreviations with Numerals
kn-title=数字を用いた略語にみる朱鎔基内閣成立前後の中国社会
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In this study, I will clarifY, through abbreviations with numerals, the phases of Chinese society around the time of the establishment of Zhu Rongji Cabinet. Zhu Rongji Cabinet was established in March 1998. Zhu is nicknamed 'Economic Czar' because of his 'outstanding' ability. In his inaugural address, he expressed his fundamental policies by a trilogy of slogans, that is, "yi-ge quebao, san-ge daowei, wu-ge gaige" or "the one guarantee, the three implementations, the five reforms". He seems to like abbreviations with numerals as political slogans. Two slogans, "yue fa san-zhang" (the three rules to be kept) and "wuxiang
yaoqiu" (the five demands), are to encourage an administrative reform. The phase, "si fenkai, yi wanshan" (the four separations and the one perfection), is also his slogan to reform the food circulation system. I try to treat abbreviations with numerals made and used not only by top leaders in Beijing, but also by local leaders. This is one of the merits of this paper. Local slogans are usually ignored when abbreviations are compiled. They, however, often reflect in a vivid way various problems which the Chinese society today faces.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OkaMasumi
en-aut-sei=Oka
en-aut-mei=Masumi
kn-aut-name=岡益巳
kn-aut-sei=岡
kn-aut-mei=益巳
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=30
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=125
end-page=162
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1999
dt-pub=19990310
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title='We Will Construct Our Assembly Line' ( I ) : the Case of the Tahara No.1 Plant of Toyota
kn-title=現場が作る組立ライン（I）―田原第1取立工場の事例―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Since the Beginning of 1990 s, Toyota has been pursuing a new direction in its human resource management and assembly work. After encountering a labor crisis-labor shortage and high turn over of young workers-during the economic boom provoked by the "financial bubble" toward the end of 1980 s, Toyota's management and Union discussed
ways of making the work more attractive. Based on this discussion, the production eugineering division developed a new kssembly line concept realized firstly at Toyota Kyushu plant (1992), applied also to Toyota's Motomachi No.2 plant (1994), Tahara No.1 plant (1995) and Motomachi
No.1 plant (1996). Among these plants, the construcion of the assembly line at Tahara No. 1 plant constitutes a unique case in the fact that it was not the production engineering division, but the foremen, supervisors and engineers belonging to the plant who conceived and constructed this new assembly line. Moreover, in order to realize what they considered as their ideal assembly line, they proposed to the product development center an important change of car structure and parts design from the very beginning of product development where the so called "concurrent engineering" has started. The first part of this paper explains, and thus why and how they conceived and constructed their own assembly line after presenting this assembly line concept and work orgnaization in this plant.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=ShimizuKoichi
en-aut-sei=Shimizu
en-aut-mei=Koichi
kn-aut-name=清水耕一
kn-aut-sei=清水
kn-aut-mei=耕一
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=30
cd-vols=
no-issue=2
article-no=
start-page=163
end-page=194
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1998
dt-pub=19980910
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Fluctuations, Risks and Uncertainty in Economics
kn-title=ゆらぎ，危険，そして不確実性―｢不確実性論」周辺整理ノート(1)―
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This note aims at preparing a fundamental framework for our dynamics models taking true uncertainty concept into consideration, and it states the following. First, the rationalities supposed in non-neoclassical economics such as economics of complexity or economics of anomalies are wider sense concepts than that supposed in rational expectation hypothesis.But these schools coincide with each other in the viewpoint of the assumption of stationarity in the economic processes or ergodicity in the stochastic processes. Their main difference just exists between their scopes of stationarity or those of ergodicity. Second, their difference above is not a matter in the face of unpredictable economic shocks, which interrupt stationary states in any
sense and should not be in any category of ergodic stochastic processes. Such a shock has a tendency to enlarge uncertainty consciousness in the mental states of the economic units whether another economic shock would come or not in the near future. Increased uncertainty might prevents a person from his rationally expecting, or if we support economics of complexity, we would think that enlarged uncertainty consciousness in human mind might invalidate the several buffers such as inventories, money and credit system, by which economic units deal with some fluctuations in normal ergodic processes. Lastly, however, uncertainty in economics is just a psychological phenomena which we may almost neglect in an ordinary way although it occasionally has serious influences on our economy. Accordingly, we should never regard uncertainty in our models as a universal factor but as a peculiar thing after an economic shock.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=NishigakiNarunto
en-aut-sei=Nishigaki
en-aut-mei=Narunto
kn-aut-name=西垣鳴人
kn-aut-sei=西垣
kn-aut-mei=鳴人
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=30
cd-vols=
no-issue=1
article-no=
start-page=111
end-page=116
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1998
dt-pub=19980610
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=A Note on Qualitative Economics for Univalence of Nonlinear Mappings
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This note is aimed at presenting an easy and simple proposition on the univalence of a given nonlinear differentiable mapping whose Jacobian matrix has sign-regularity. First the notion of sign-regularity of Jacobian matrix on a domain is defined. We classifY the sign patterns into four categories: plus, minus, zero, and the rest. The plus sign is given to the (i, j) entry of the Jacobian matrix when the i-th component function is always increasing with respect to the j-th coordinate variable, the negative sign when the function is always decreasing, and the sign of zero when the function does not include the j-th coordinate variable. Otherwise, the sign is set as an asterisk *. Our proof is simple and elementary by use ofthe mean value theorem. In the final section, we give a list of our future research topics, some of which are under way. Especially a generalization to discontinuous
mappings should be interesting.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=FujimotoTakao
en-aut-sei=Fujimoto
en-aut-mei=Takao
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=RanadeRavindra R.
en-aut-sei=Ranade
en-aut-mei=Ravindra R.
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Economics, University of Kagawa
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=12-2
article-no=
start-page=8471
end-page=8480
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19591130
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Statistical Observation and Surgical Method for the Improvement of Claw Hand in Leprosy
kn-title=癩における鷲爪手の統計的観察並びに改善手術法についての研究
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Out of 964 patients housed in the Oku Komyoen (a leper house) the author selected 500 patients at random for the statistical observation. They were consisted of 312 males (62.4%) and 188 females (37.6%), whose age ranged from 19 years to 78 years old and most of them were in the ago range between 31 to 50 years old, occupying about 50 per cent of the total. The type of disease can be classified somewhat similar to the classification reported by Ikeda. Those who had claw hand at the onset of leprosy occupy 9.6 per cent, and the claw hand can be seen in 90 per cent of patients 30 years after the onset of the disease. In 37 per cent no claw hand occurred, while in 63 per cent claw hand appeared: and most of them were bilateral. Sensory disturbance can be found in 82 per cent, and the majority of them show peripheral disturbance but some have disturbance in the trunk. Those with the disturbance in ulnar nerve occupy the greatest population, reaching as much as 78.3 per cent. When the grade of claw hand is classified into three degrees, the degree I occupies 13 per cent: the degree II 20 per cent: the degree III 29 per cent: and the rest with normal hand or with fingor defect occupies 38 per cent. The disturbance of opposition of the thumb can be observed in 50 per cent, and 45 per cent of them can not make the thumb-to-finger movement. Those with normal opposition amount to 48 per cent while finger defect can be found in 2 per cent. Disturbance in the finger-to-finger movement can be observed in 52 per cent, surpassing the number of those with claw hand, and those with complete inability to make finger-to-finger movement reach as high as 57 per cent. Those with normal reflex amount to 41 per cent.
For the determination of the degree of amyosthenia different muscles were classified according to different bands and Daniels' test for muscle force was conducted. The one that is attacked severest is the interosseal muscle of the small finger eminence of the hand, followed by intorosseal muscle of thumb eminence, lumorical muscle, and flexor carpi ulnaris in the order mentioned. The paralysis of flexor digitorum profundus as well as of m. flexor digitorum sublimis of the small and middle fingers can be observed in many. These points must be borne in mind when the operation is performed for the improvement of claw hand.
As for the skeeze dynamometer test the author employed sponge method. It seems that the sponge method is excellent to test the patient's grasping power, as it represents actual skeezing force of the patient.The operation for the improvement of amyosthenia was performed on 39 patients to the total of 168 fingers, and excellent results were obtained practically in all of them. As for the operation of thumb to finger movement Bunnell's method is modified in such a way that a hole is drilled through bone and interruted suture is made so that the proxi mal phalanx of thumb is fixed more firmly and also the tension of tendon is improved. As for the distal phalangeal flection of the thumb during this fixation the tension of extensor longus digitorum muscle of the thumb is increased and its flection is modified by hooking one end of the tendon to the tendon of extensor longus digitorum muscle. In this manner six out of 11 cases showed good results. However, this fixation method occasionally brings about over extension or the disturbance in flection of phalangeal joints of the middle finger so that it must be compared with the method of using the short abductor muscle of thumb as recently reported by Flynn and must be modified appropriately.
In case the tendon is passed under flexor carpi ulnaris, although it is not absolutely necessary, there is apt to occur the paralysis of this muscle as high as in 36 per cent. Therefore, it will be advisable to make pulley here. The operation for claw hand was performed on 132 fingers, and all yielded satisfactory results. In contrast to Bunnell's method, m. flexor digitorum is sutured only to lig. collaterale radiale of each finger, and no impairment by this method can be encountered after the opera tion. For the small finger the suture to lig. collaterale ulnaris was attempted, but as all the three case developed abduction in small finger after the operation. We make it a rule now to suture to the radial side. Because of the peculiar nature of leprosy it is necessary to perform the operation atrau matically, and the movement training befor and after the operation as well as rehabilitation must be conducted appropriately without any undue haste and for a considerable length of time.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TanakaSenji
en-aut-sei=Tanaka
en-aut-mei=Senji
kn-aut-name=田中仙二
kn-aut-sei=田中
kn-aut-mei=仙二
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部整形外科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=11-2
article-no=
start-page=7841
end-page=7848
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19591030
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on Experimental Hapatitis by Ectromelia Virus Part 2. Discussion on the Caute of Electro-Shock Hepatitis
kn-title=Ectromelia virusに依る実験的肝炎の研究 第2編 電撃性肝炎の成因に関する二，三の考察
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=1. The greater is the amount of Extromelia virus incoculated intraperitoneally the earlier is the onset of the symptoms and death of mice, revealing a straight live rise in the erythrocyte agglutination value. In contrast to the serum affinity antigen-antibody reaction observable in the groups inoculated with a small amount of the virus, both groups inoculated with virus supernatant diluted 20-fold and 100-fold respectively show relatively or absolutely no reaction and die. 2. The toxicity of the so-called concomitant substance is trivial. 3. When the mice with incomplete immunity are reinfected with Extromelia virus, the pathological picture is controlled only by the quantity of the virus Inoculated. 4. When the mice infected with Extromelia virus are enforced to labor, these animals die at the early stage of the onset of symptoms and the recovery mechanism of pathologic changes is delayed. 5. Therefore, the principal cause of the electro-shock hepatitis lies in the toxicity of the virus and the quantity of virus inoculated and it is in no way associted with the incomplete immunity. Moreover, the enforcing labor seems only to aggravate the pathologic conditions of the animals, showing absolutely no process of recuperation and extremely little infiltration of round cells. 6. Histological changes are especially marked in the liver, spleen and bone marrow; and in the lung, hemorrhagic interalveolitis and nephro-nephritis can be recognized in the kidney. 7. Pathologic changes at the peak of the infection in the animals inoculated with a great quantity of Extromelia virus resemble closely to the histological changes of viscera in the human electro-schook hepatitis; and in the case inoculated with a relatively large amour. of the virus the changes resemble to the visceral histological changes at the peak in th. human hepatitis. Moreover, the histological picture of the liver during the period from the virus inoculation to the peak of the infection and the same in the animals escaped the death, taking the similar course as at peak of the human hepatitis observable by the biopsy, resemble the picture of the liver in the human hepatitis at the later stage of recuperation. 8. The pathological picture in the mice infected with Ectromelia virus closely resemble that in the humsn infectious hepatitis and both seem to revel mesenchymal tissue reaction as the basic histological changes.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=TokiyaTatsuo
en-aut-sei=Tokiya
en-aut-mei=Tatsuo
kn-aut-name=釈舍龍夫
kn-aut-sei=釈舍
kn-aut-mei=龍夫
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=11-2
article-no=
start-page=7551
end-page=7554
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19591030
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Amino Acid Metabolism of the Brains. (IX) Transamination in the Chicken Brain
kn-title=脳のアミノ酸代謝(IX) 成熟ニワトリ脳におけるトランスアミネーション
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=As a link in the studies on the transamination in the brain the author made a series of systematic studies on the transamination reactions in the brain of growing chick embryos, chicks at various stage of their growth, using 15 α-amino acids, 4 diamino acids, cysteic acid and α-ketoglutaric acid, and reported the result of such studies in previous papers. In the present experiment the transamination in the adult chicken brain was estimated in the similar way with the use of the same amino acids as in the previous experiment. 1. Of all the amino acids that showed the transaminase activity in the chick embryo and the chick brains at every developemental stage, lysine did not shows the activity in the adult chicken brains. 2. The grade of the transaminase activity of aspartic acid, isoleucine, β-alanine and cysteic acid is lower than the peak of the same observed in the eavly stage of the chick brains. As for the other amino acids with an exception of alanine which showed the greatest activity in the adult chicken brain, none showed the activity surpassing the maximum shown in the chick brains at every developemental stage. 3. Spcaking relatively and biochemically at least in the chicken brain the transamination reactions in the chicken brains, especially to that of the mouse brain.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=YamadaTatsuo
en-aut-sei=Yamada
en-aut-mei=Tatsuo
kn-aut-name=山田龍雄
kn-aut-sei=山田
kn-aut-mei=龍雄
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部神経精神医学教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=10-2
article-no=
start-page=6863
end-page=6870
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590930
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on the Phosphate Metabolism in the Seminal Vesicles Reoort 1. The Effects of Adrenalin on the Phosphate Metabolism
kn-title=精液核酸代謝に対する副腎ホルモンの影響 第1篇 Adrenalinの精液核酸代謝に及ぼす影響
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The effects of adrenalin on phosphate metabolism in the seminal vesicles were reported. Adrenalin was administrated into rabbit's seminal vesicles comparing to the intramuscular injection. Experiments were performed in two ways, one was only single administration and the other was continuous for 10 days and the results were as followed. 1. By the administration of adrenalin into the seminal vesicles and intramuscular, RNA was increased, whereas DNA showed mostly the same level as in normal condition. 2. RNA was gradually decreased as well as in DNA after the castration. 3. On the effects of adrenalectomy, no significant effects could be seen in RNA and DNA by adrenalin administration in seminal vesicles with cortisone therapy, whereas with no cortisone therapy, valuable changes could be seen in RNA and DNA levels. 4. Comparing the effects of adrenalin on phosphate metabolism in seminal vesicles with muscle, the effects were essentially the same on both tissues, although much stronger reactions could be found in muscle than the seminal vesicles.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=EbaraShigeru
en-aut-sei=Ebara
en-aut-mei=Shigeru
kn-aut-name=江原滋
kn-aut-sei=江原
kn-aut-mei=滋
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部皮膚科泌尿器科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=9-1
article-no=
start-page=5477
end-page=5491
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590830
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on Megakaryocytes by Means of Bone-Marrow Tissue Culture Par 3. Influences of Various Conditions of Culture Medium on Megakaryocytes in Human and Guinea Pigs
kn-title=骨髄組織培養法による骨髄巨核球に関する研究 第3編 各種培養条件の人並びに海溟骨髄巨核球に及ぼす影響について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=In perfoming bone-marrow tissue culture of human and guinea pigs the author observed the influences of the temperature, the osmotic pressure and the hydrogen ion concentration of the media on magakaryocytes; and obtained the following results. 1. The range of temperature at which megakaryoctyes can move about is from 30°C the minimum to 41°C the maximum, and the optimal temperature is around 35° to 39°C. The fromation of tentacle-like processes can be observed at the optimal temperature and most suitable temperature is about 38°C. 2. On the whole the vaculole formation can be seen markedly at a relatively low temperature, while the formation of secretion granules tends to appeare more promptly at a higher temperature than than at a low temperature. 3. More megakaryocytes appear in the growth zone in a relatively hyposmotic pressure (ΔT=-0.43 to -0.45) than in isotonic, and also the acceleration of the cell motility can be recognized in the case of human bene marrow, but it seems to be due to a transient stimulation. On the other hand, in the hyperosmotic pressure hardly any formation of tentacle-like processes in megakaryocytes can be recongized. 4. Degenerative changes tend to appear promptly as the pressure fluctuates either way from the isotonic, and the higher the osmotic pressure the greater is this tendency. 5. The optimal pH of the medium for megakaryocytes is 7.63-7.92 in the case of human and 7.75-8.07 in the case of guinea pigs. 6. Of the media used separately such as physiological saline solution, serum, and Ringer's solution, for megakaryocytes Ringer's solution is most suitable followed by serum, but in the physiological saline solution the movement of megakaryocytes is completely inhibited,
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OgawaraKenjiro
en-aut-sei=Ogawara
en-aut-mei=Kenjiro
kn-aut-name=大河原健次郎
kn-aut-sei=大河原
kn-aut-mei=健次郎
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室
END

start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=71
cd-vols=
no-issue=9-1
article-no=
start-page=5469
end-page=5476
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=1959
dt-pub=19590830
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Studies on Megakaryocytes by Means of Bone-Marrow Tissue Culture Part 2. On the Progress of the Culture and Platelet Separation of Megakaryocytes in Human and Guinea Pigs
kn-title=骨髄組織培養法による骨髄巨核球に関する研究 第2編 人並びに海溟骨髄巨核球の培養経過と栓球分離について
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=By bone-marrow tissue culture of hnman and guinea pigs, the author observed under a phase-contrast microcscope the morphological changes in megakaryoytes in the course of the culture and the mechanism of the platelet separation; and obtained the following results: 1. The progress of the degenerative changes in each megakaryocyte is not necessarily uniform even in the same medium conditions, and these megakaryocytes present varied features. 2. The duration in which megakaryocytes can carry on their functions in a simple culture medium is 90 hours at most in the case of human and up to 48 hours in the case of guinea pigs; and the peak of their activities is reached 18 to 30 hours after the culture in the case of human, and 15 to 18 hours in the case of guinea pigs. 3. It has been confirmed that tentacle-like processes indicative of platelet formation can be observed only when megakaryocytes are most actively moving. 4. The mottled appearance due to multiple small areas or so-called platelet separation of megakaryocytes as observable in the bone-marrow smear is due to the degenerative changes or artificial products of megakaryocytes and it is in no way associated with the mechanism of the platelet separtion. 5. Small tongue-like processes what appear to be platelets erupting from the margin of the megakaryocyts body are nothing but one of degeneration features of the megakaryocyte, and they are different from platelets. 6. As for the possiblity of nuclear substance of megakaryocytes moving into platelets, it is believed that at least from the morphological viewpoint the nuclear substance does not move into the platelet.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=OgawaraKenjiro
en-aut-sei=Ogawara
en-aut-mei=Kenjiro
kn-aut-name=大河原健次郎
kn-aut-sei=大河原
kn-aut-mei=健次郎
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学医学部平木内科教室
END