start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=122 cd-vols= no-issue=32 article-no= start-page=e2501933122 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250805 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural insights into a citrate transporter that mediates aluminum tolerance in barley en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=HvAACT1 is a major aluminum (Al)-tolerance gene in barley, encoding a citrate transporter that belongs to the multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family. This transporter facilitates citrate secretion from the roots, thereby detoxifying external Al ions—a major constraint of crop production on acidic soils. In this study, we present the outward-facing crystal structure of HvAACT1, providing insights into a citrate transport mechanism. The putative citrate binding site consists of three basic residues—K126 in transmembrane helix 2 (TM2), R358 in TM7, and R535 in TM12—creating substantial positive charges in the C-lobe cavity. Proton coupling for substrate transport may involve two pairs of aspartate residues in the N-lobe cavity, one of which corresponds to the essential Asp pair found in prokaryotic H+-coupled MATE transporters belonging to the DinF subfamily. Structural coupling between proton uptake in the N-lobe and citrate extrusion in the C-lobe can be enabled by an extensive, unique hydrogen-bonding network at the extracellular half of the N-lobe. Mutation-based functional analysis, structural comparisons, molecular dynamics simulation, and phylogenic analysis suggest an evolutionary link between citrate MATE transporters and the DinF MATE subfamily. Our findings provide a solid structural basis for citrate transport by HvAACT1 in barley and contribute to a broader understanding of citrate transporter structures in other plant species. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Nguyen ThaoTran en-aut-sei=Nguyen Thao en-aut-mei=Tran kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Mitani-UenoNamiki en-aut-sei=Mitani-Ueno en-aut-mei=Namiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UranoRyo en-aut-sei=Urano en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitohYasunori en-aut-sei=Saitoh en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangPeitong en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Peitong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamajiNaoki en-aut-sei=Yamaji en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShenJian-Ren en-aut-sei=Shen en-aut-mei=Jian-Ren kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinodaWataru en-aut-sei=Shinoda en-aut-mei=Wataru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaJian Feng en-aut-sei=Ma en-aut-mei=Jian Feng kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugaMichihiro en-aut-sei=Suga en-aut-mei=Michihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Degree Program in Interdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Core for Plant Stress Science, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Superconducting and Functional Materials, Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Degree Program in Interdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Core for Plant Stress Science, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Research Core for Plant Stress Science, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Degree Program in Interdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Degree Program in Interdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Research Core for Plant Stress Science, Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Degree Program in Interdisciplinary Sciences, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science, and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=barley kn-keyword=barley en-keyword=aluminum resistance kn-keyword=aluminum resistance en-keyword=membrane protein structure kn-keyword=membrane protein structure en-keyword=citrate transporter kn-keyword=citrate transporter en-keyword=MATE transporter kn-keyword=MATE transporter END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=101575 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=202502 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Simplified Outcome Prediction in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Intervention by Survival Tree-Based Modelling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background Patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) typically present with heterogeneity in the extent of cardiac dysfunction and extra-cardiac comorbidities, which play a decisive role for survival after transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI).
Objectives This aim of this study was to create a survival tree-based model to determine the cardiac and extra-cardiac features associated with 2-year survival after TTVI.
Methods The study included 918 patients (derivation set, n = 631; validation set, n = 287) undergoing TTVI for severe TR. Supervised machine learning-derived survival tree-based modelling was applied to preprocedural clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic data.
Results Following univariate regression analysis to pre-select candidate variables for 2-year mortality prediction, a survival tree-based model was constructed using 4 key parameters. Three distinct cluster-related risk categories were identified, which differed significantly in survival after TTVI. Patients from the low-risk category (n = 261) were defined by mean pulmonary artery pressure ≤28 mm Hg and N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide ≤2,728 pg/mL, and they exhibited a 2-year survival rate of 85.5%. Patients from the high-risk category (n = 190) were defined by mean pulmonary artery pressure >28 mm Hg, right atrial area >32.5 cm2, and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤51 mL/min, and they showed a significantly worse 2-year survival of only 52.6% (HR for 2-year mortality: 4.3, P < 0.001). Net re-classification improvement analysis demonstrated that this model was comparable to the TRI-Score and outperformed the EuroScore II in identifying high-risk patients. The prognostic value of risk phenotypes was confirmed by external validation.
Conclusions This simple survival tree-based model effectively stratifies patients with severe TR into distinct risk categories, demonstrating significant differences in 2-year survival after TTVI. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FortmeierVera en-aut-sei=Fortmeier en-aut-mei=Vera kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LachmannMark en-aut-sei=Lachmann en-aut-mei=Mark kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=StolzLukas en-aut-sei=Stolz en-aut-mei=Lukas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=von SteinJennifer en-aut-sei=von Stein en-aut-mei=Jennifer kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=RommelKarl-Philipp en-aut-sei=Rommel en-aut-mei=Karl-Philipp kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KassarMohammad en-aut-sei=Kassar en-aut-mei=Mohammad kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=GerçekMuhammed en-aut-sei=Gerçek en-aut-mei=Muhammed kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SchöberAnne R. en-aut-sei=Schöber en-aut-mei=Anne R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=StockerThomas J. en-aut-sei=Stocker en-aut-mei=Thomas J. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmranHazem en-aut-sei=Omran en-aut-mei=Hazem kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FettMichelle en-aut-sei=Fett en-aut-mei=Michelle kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=TervoorenJule en-aut-sei=Tervooren en-aut-mei=Jule kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KörberMaria I. en-aut-sei=Körber en-aut-mei=Maria I. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HesseAmelie en-aut-sei=Hesse en-aut-mei=Amelie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=HarmsenGerhard en-aut-sei=Harmsen en-aut-mei=Gerhard kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=FriedrichsKai Peter en-aut-sei=Friedrichs en-aut-mei=Kai Peter kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=YuasaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Yuasa en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=RudolphTanja K. en-aut-sei=Rudolph en-aut-mei=Tanja K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=JonerMichael en-aut-sei=Joner en-aut-mei=Michael kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=PfisterRoman en-aut-sei=Pfister en-aut-mei=Roman kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=BaldusStephan en-aut-sei=Baldus en-aut-mei=Stephan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=LaugwitzKarl-Ludwig en-aut-sei=Laugwitz en-aut-mei=Karl-Ludwig kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= en-aut-name=WindeckerStephan en-aut-sei=Windecker en-aut-mei=Stephan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=23 ORCID= en-aut-name=PrazFabien en-aut-sei=Praz en-aut-mei=Fabien kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=24 ORCID= en-aut-name=LurzPhilipp en-aut-sei=Lurz en-aut-mei=Philipp kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=25 ORCID= en-aut-name=HausleiterJörg en-aut-sei=Hausleiter en-aut-mei=Jörg kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=26 ORCID= en-aut-name=RudolphVolker en-aut-sei=Rudolph en-aut-mei=Volker kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=27 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=First Department of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, University of Cologne kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig, University of Leipzig kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig, University of Leipzig kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, University of Cologne kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=First Department of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, University of Cologne kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, University of Cologne kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=First Department of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich kn-affil= affil-num=23 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=24 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Inselspital Bern, Bern University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=25 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig, University of Leipzig kn-affil= affil-num=26 en-affil=DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance kn-affil= affil-num=27 en-affil=Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr University Bochum kn-affil= en-keyword=machine learning kn-keyword=machine learning en-keyword=transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention kn-keyword=transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention en-keyword=tricuspid regurgitation kn-keyword=tricuspid regurgitation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=263 end-page=272 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Light-Responsive and Antibacterial Graphenic Materials as a Holistic Approach to Tissue Engineering en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=While the continuous development of advanced bioprinting technologies is under fervent study, enhancing the regenerative potential of hydrogel-based constructs using external stimuli for wound dressing has yet to be tackled. Fibroblasts play a significant role in wound healing and tissue implants at different stages, including extracellular matrix production, collagen synthesis, and wound and tissue remodeling. This study explores the synergistic interplay between photothermal activity and nanomaterial-mediated cell proliferation. The use of different graphene-based materials (GBM) in the development of photoactive bioinks is investigated. In particular, we report the creation of a skin-inspired dressing for wound healing and regenerative medicine. Three distinct GBM, namely, graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene platelets (GP), were rigorously characterized, and their photothermal capabilities were elucidated. Our investigations revealed that rGO exhibited the highest photothermal efficiency and antibacterial properties when irradiated, even at a concentration as low as 0.05 mg/mL, without compromising human fibroblast viability. Alginate-based bioinks alongside human fibroblasts were employed for the bioprinting with rGO. The scaffold did not affect the survival of fibroblasts for 3 days after bioprinting, as cell viability was not affected. Remarkably, the inclusion of rGO did not compromise the printability of the hydrogel, ensuring the successful fabrication of complex constructs. Furthermore, the presence of rGO in the final scaffold continued to provide the benefits of photothermal antimicrobial therapy without detrimentally affecting fibroblast growth. This outcome underscores the potential of rGO-enhanced hydrogels in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Our findings hold promise for developing game-changer strategies in 4D bioprinting to create smart and functional tissue constructs with high fibroblast proliferation and promising therapeutic capabilities in drug delivery and bactericidal skin-inspired dressings. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FerrerasAndrea en-aut-sei=Ferreras en-aut-mei=Andrea kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatesanzAna en-aut-sei=Matesanz en-aut-mei=Ana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MendizabalJabier en-aut-sei=Mendizabal en-aut-mei=Jabier kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArtolaKoldo en-aut-sei=Artola en-aut-mei=Koldo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaYuta en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AcedoPablo en-aut-sei=Acedo en-aut-mei=Pablo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=JorcanoJosé L. en-aut-sei=Jorcano en-aut-mei=José L. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=RuizAmalia en-aut-sei=Ruiz en-aut-mei=Amalia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ReinaGiacomo en-aut-sei=Reina en-aut-mei=Giacomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MartínCristina en-aut-sei=Martín en-aut-mei=Cristina kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Electronic Technology, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Domotek ingeniería prototipado y formación S.L. kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Domotek ingeniería prototipado y formación S.L. kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Electronic Technology, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid kn-affil= en-keyword=photothermal therapy kn-keyword=photothermal therapy en-keyword=graphene derivatives kn-keyword=graphene derivatives en-keyword=4D bioprinting kn-keyword=4D bioprinting en-keyword=alginate kn-keyword=alginate en-keyword=tissue engineering kn-keyword=tissue engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=57 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250724 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Re-Thinking the Locus of Innovation kn-title=イノベーションの発生源研究の再検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=　This study aims to theoretically examine prior research on the locus of innovation, with a particular focus on clarifying "when," "where," and "by whom" innovation is generated. The analysis reveals that in the context of B to B (Industrial Goods) , the shift of innovation sources toward enterprise users has been explained from the perspective of economic rationality, incorporating multiple factors such as transaction cost, expected innovation rents, sticky information, internal capabilities (Absorptive Capacity) , and external industrial structures (Product Architecture, Ecosystem) . In contrast, in the B to C context (Consumer Goods) , end users pursue innovation for a wide variety of reasons, including manufacturers' lack of responsiveness to niche markets, the enjoyment of creative activity, connection with user communities, and personal growth. Among these, the enjoyment derived from creative activity has deemed to be identified as one of the most fundamental motivational factors. However, the methodological articulation of such psychological factors is not enough. Leaving the psychological drivers behind innovation as a black box is not merely a matter of academic curiosity but presents a significant challenge for management studies as a social science. This is because management is always purposive attempts for directing and controlling the process of value creation and sometimes psychological exaltation, which may be recently called 'flow' experience, may conflict such attempts. In future research on the locus of innovation, it is essential to focus on these psychological aspects of individual innovator and to develop new research approaches. First, it has a room for further elucidation of the mechanisms by which positive emotions contribute to innovation, but this challenge is hardly easy to overcome. Since creativity is essentially a construct of the individual level and innovation is not, the argument of balancing the entrepreneurial motivational drivers and the managerial direction and control of creative destruction needs to be mediated by meso-level constructs. In our prospect, such concepts as underdeveloped ecosystem on the supply side and immature connoisseur on the side of consumers may be promising. Another concern is the generally limited sample size of creative minds. The existent research tactics that have been found in our neighboring disciplines sharing the same problem as ours, either qualitative or quantitative, may provide us with methodical benchmarks. kn-abstract=　本論文は，イノベーションの発生源に関する先行研究を振り返り，「いつ」「どこで」「誰によって」イノベーションが生み出されるのかを理論的に考察することを目的とする。考察の結果，「B to B」の文脈においては，イノベーションの発生源が企業ユーザーへ移行するメカニズムとして，取引コスト理論，期待利益仮説，情報粘着性の仮説，企業内部の独自能力（吸収能力），および外部の産業構造（製品アーキテクチャ・エコシステム）といった複数の要素からなる経済的合理性の観点から分析されていることが明らかになった。一方，「B to C」の文脈では，エンドユーザーがイノベーションに向かう動機として，「ニッチ市場に対するメーカーの消極的な対応」「創造的活動の楽しさ」「ユーザーコミュニティとの繋がり」「知識・スキルの向上」など多種多様な要素が存在し，中でも創造的活動の楽しさが根源的な動機づけの1つであると確認された。一方で，イノベーターを突き動かす心理的要因をブラックボックス化したまま放置することは，単なる知的好奇心の問題に留まらず，社会科学としての経営学にとっても重要な問題であると考えられる。今後のイノベーションの発生源研究においては，起業家をはじめとするイノベーター個人の心理的側面にいかに目を向け，創造的活動におけるポジティブな感情が働くメカニズムをイノベーションの発生メカニズムにいかに位置づけるか，その研究アプローチの提示が求められる。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HuangQi en-aut-sei=Huang en-aut-mei=Qi kn-aut-name=黄琪 kn-aut-sei=黄 kn-aut-mei=琪 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiDaiji en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Daiji kn-aut-name=藤井大児 kn-aut-sei=藤井 kn-aut-mei=大児 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院ヘルスシステム統合科学学域 en-keyword=イノベーションの発生源 (Locus of Innovation) kn-keyword=イノベーションの発生源 (Locus of Innovation) en-keyword=ユーザーイノベーション (User Innovation) kn-keyword=ユーザーイノベーション (User Innovation) en-keyword=経済的合理性 (Economic Rationality) kn-keyword=経済的合理性 (Economic Rationality) en-keyword=内発的動機づけ (Intrinsic Motivation) kn-keyword=内発的動機づけ (Intrinsic Motivation) en-keyword=フロー体験 (Flow Experience) kn-keyword=フロー体験 (Flow Experience) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=262 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=385 end-page=395 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241023 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of the effect of permeant solutes on the hydraulic resistance of the plasma membrane in cells of Chara corallina en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the cells of Chara corallina, permeant monohydric alcohols including methanol, ethanol and 1-propanol increased the hydraulic resistance of the membrane (Lpm−1). We found that the relative value of the hydraulic resistance (rLpm−1) was linearly dependent on the concentration (Cs) of the alcohol. The relationship is expressed in the equation: rLpm−1 = ρmCs + 1, where ρm is the hydraulic resistance modifier coefficient of the membrane. Ye et al. (2004) showed that membrane-permeant glycol ethers also increased Lp−1. We used their data to estimate Lpm−1 and rLpm−1. The values of rLpm−1 fit the above relation we found for alcohols. When we plotted the ρm values of all the permeant alcohols and glycol ethers against their molecular weights (MW), we obtained a linear curve with a slope of 0.014 M−1/MW and with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. We analyzed the influence of the permeant solutes on the relative hydraulic resistance of the membrane (rLpm−1) as a function of the external (π0) and internal (πi) osmotic pressures. The analysis showed that the hydraulic resistance modifier coefficients (ρm) were linearly related to the MW of the permeant solutes with a slope of 0.012 M−1/MW and with a correlation coefficient of 0.84. The linear relationship between the effects of permeating solutes on the hydraulic resistance modifier coefficient (ρm) and the MW can be explained in terms of the effect of the effective osmotic pressure on the hydraulic conductivity of water channels. The result of the analysis suggests that the osmotic pressure and not the size of the permeant solute as proposed by (Ye et al., J Exp Bot 55:449–461, 2004) is the decisive factor in a solute’s influence on hydraulic conductivity. Thus, characean water channels (aquaporins) respond to permeant solutes with essentially the same mechanism as to impermeant solutes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TazawaMasashi en-aut-sei=Tazawa en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WayneRandy en-aut-sei=Wayne en-aut-mei=Randy kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsuharaMaki en-aut-sei=Katsuhara en-aut-mei=Maki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Yoshida Biological Laboratory kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Laboratory of Natural Philosophy, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Chara corallina kn-keyword=Chara corallina en-keyword=Effective osmotic pressure kn-keyword=Effective osmotic pressure en-keyword=Hydraulic resistance kn-keyword=Hydraulic resistance en-keyword=Plasma membrane kn-keyword=Plasma membrane en-keyword=Reflection coefficient kn-keyword=Reflection coefficient END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250710 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Neurotransmitter and Receptor Mapping in Drosophila Circadian Clock Neurons via T2A-GAL4 Screening en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The circadian neuronal network in the brain comprises central pacemaker neurons and associated input and output pathways. These components work together to generate coherent rhythmicity, synchronize with environmental time cues, and convey circadian information to downstream neurons that regulate behaviors such as the sleep/wake cycle. To mediate these functions, neurotransmitters and neuromodulators play essential roles in transmitting and modulating signals between neurons. In Drosophila melanogaster, approximately 240 brain neurons function as clock neurons. Previous studies have identified several neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, including the Pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) neuropeptide, along with their corresponding receptors in clock neurons. However, our understanding of the neurotransmitters and receptors involved in the circadian system remains incomplete. In this study, we conducted a T2A-GAL4-based screening for neurotransmitter and receptor genes expressed in clock neurons. We identified 2 neurotransmitter-related genes and 22 receptor genes. Notably, while previous studies had reported the expression of 6 neuropeptide receptor genes in large ventrolateral neurons (l-LNv), we also found that 14 receptor genes—including those for dopamine, serotonin, and γ-aminobutyric acid—are expressed in l-LNv neurons. These findings suggest that l-LNv neurons serve as key integrative hubs within the circadian network, receiving diverse external signals. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukudaAyumi en-aut-sei=Fukuda en-aut-mei=Ayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoAika en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Aika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiiTaishi en-aut-sei=Yoshii en-aut-mei=Taishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=clock neurons kn-keyword=clock neurons en-keyword=neurotransmitter kn-keyword=neurotransmitter en-keyword=T2A-GAL4 kn-keyword=T2A-GAL4 en-keyword=immunostaining kn-keyword=immunostaining en-keyword=Drosophila kn-keyword=Drosophila END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250620 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=International Consensus Histopathological Criteria for Subtyping Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman Disease Based on Machine Learning Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder classified into three recognized clinical subtypes—idiopathic plasmacytic lymphadenopathy (IPL), TAFRO, and NOS. Although clinical criteria are available for subtyping, diagnostically challenging cases with overlapping histopathological features highlight the need for an improved classification system integrating clinical and histopathological findings. We aimed to develop an objective histopathological subtyping system for iMCD that closely correlates with the clinical subtypes. Excisional lymph node specimens from 94 Japanese iMCD patients (54 IPL, 28 TAFRO, 12 NOS) were analyzed for five key histopathological parameters: germinal center (GC) status, plasmacytosis, vascularity, hemosiderin deposition, and “whirlpool” vessel formation in GC. Using hierarchical clustering, we visualized subgroups and developed a machine learning-based decision tree to differentiate the clinical subtypes and validated it in an external cohort of 12 patients with iMCD. Hierarchical cluster analysis separated the IPL and TAFRO cases into mutually exclusive clusters, whereas the NOS cases were interspersed between them. Decision tree modeling identified plasmacytosis, vascularity, and whirlpool vessel formation as key features distinguishing IPL from TAFRO, achieving 91% and 92% accuracy in the training and test sets, respectively. External validation correctly classified all IPL and TAFRO cases, confirming the reproducibility of the system. Our histopathological classification system closely aligns with the clinical subtypes, offering a more precise approach to iMCD subtyping. It may enhance diagnostic accuracy, guide clinical decision-making for predicting treatment response in challenging cases, and improve patient selection for future research. Further validation of its versatility and clinical utility is required. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraMidori Filiz en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Midori Filiz kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaratakeTomoka en-aut-sei=Haratake en-aut-mei=Tomoka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishikoriAsami en-aut-sei=Nishikori en-aut-mei=Asami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SumiyoshiRemi en-aut-sei=Sumiyoshi en-aut-mei=Remi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=UjiieHideki en-aut-sei=Ujiie en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaYuri en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Yuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=UekiMasao en-aut-sei=Ueki en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=LaczkoDorottya en-aut-sei=Laczko en-aut-mei=Dorottya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OksenhendlerEric en-aut-sei=Oksenhendler en-aut-mei=Eric kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=FajgenbaumDavid C. en-aut-sei=Fajgenbaum en-aut-mei=David C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=van RheeFrits en-aut-sei=van Rhee en-aut-mei=Frits kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakamiAtsushi en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYasuharu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=The Research Program for Intractable Disease by Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Castleman Disease, TAFRO and Related Ddisease Research Group kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=The Research Program for Intractable Disease by Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Castleman Disease, TAFRO and Related Ddisease Research Group kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment and Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=The Research Program for Intractable Disease by Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Castleman Disease, TAFRO and Related Ddisease Research Group kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Molecular Hematopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=clinical subtype kn-keyword=clinical subtype en-keyword=histopathological criteria kn-keyword=histopathological criteria en-keyword=idiopathic multicentric castleman disease kn-keyword=idiopathic multicentric castleman disease en-keyword=lymphoproliferative disease kn-keyword=lymphoproliferative disease en-keyword=machine-learning kn-keyword=machine-learning END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Improved sedimentary layer model including the accretionary prism in the fore-arc region of the Ryukyu arc, Japan kn-title=南西諸島の前弧域における付加体を含む堆積層のモデル化 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　We combine the recent seismic reflection profiles to construct a new seismic velocity model of the sedimentary layer incorporating the accretionary prism along the Ryukyu trench. In constructing the new model, we refer to the zoning (ZONE1 to ZONE4) identified by Okamura et al. (2017, Tectonophys.). The construction process consists of the following steps: First, we digitize either unconformities or VP=4 to 5 km/s lines as the seismic basement, whichever is more clearly identifiable. Second, the digitized thickness data of the sedimentary layer from the reflection profiles are geometrically modeled and interpolated to make the three-dimensional structure model. Finally, we supplement the external region of the constructed 3-D sedimentary model using the J-SHIS model provided by the NIED to complete the velocity structure model in the entire Ryukyu arc. The main features of our model are as follows: In ZONE1, off Ishigaki-jima island, the thick sedimentary layer extends about 50 km wide from the Ryukyu trench. In ZONE2, off Miyako-jima island, the thinner layer compared to the other zones is found near the trench, with a thin sedimentary terrace covering the area behind it. In ZONE3, off Okinawa-jima island, the sedimentary layer deepens as it approaches the trench. In ZONE4, off Tokara islands, the deepest layer among all zones is identified. We then conduct 3-D finite-difference simulations of seismic wave propagation using the new and the previous models to confirm the improvement of the new model. In the simulations, the effects of the accretionary prism along the Ryukyu trench on the seismic wave propagation are clearly identified. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KOMATSUMasanao en-aut-sei=KOMATSU en-aut-mei=Masanao kn-aut-name=小松正直 kn-aut-sei=小松 kn-aut-mei=正直 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=URAKAMISohei en-aut-sei=URAKAMI en-aut-mei=Sohei kn-aut-name=浦上想平 kn-aut-sei=浦上 kn-aut-mei=想平 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OKAMOTOTaro en-aut-sei=OKAMOTO en-aut-mei=Taro kn-aut-name=岡元太郎 kn-aut-sei=岡元 kn-aut-mei=太郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TAKENAKAHiroshi en-aut-sei=TAKENAKA en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=竹中博士 kn-aut-sei=竹中 kn-aut-mei=博士 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama Gakuin University kn-affil=岡山学院大学 affil-num=2 en-affil=Formerly Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=元・岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, School of Science, Institute of Science Tokyo kn-affil=東京科学大学理学院地球惑星科学系 affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Earth Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院環境生命自然科学学域 en-keyword=Sedimentary layer model kn-keyword=Sedimentary layer model en-keyword=Accretionary prism kn-keyword=Accretionary prism en-keyword=Ryukyu arc kn-keyword=Ryukyu arc END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Corporate decision-making process for exploration time kn-title=知の探索時間についての企業の意思決定プロセス en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order for companies to innovate through business co-creation, it is necessary to explore a wide range of external knowledge and technologies. However, there is no clear answer as to how much time should be spent for exploration. Under these circumstances, companies must take into account constraints such as the amount of management resources that can be invested, and make decisions about the time to spend for exploration. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the process of how companies that have introduced corporate accelerator program recognize the relationship between the program period and the results of business co-creation, and how they make decisions about the program period. We conducted a case study of several companies that have introduced corporate accelerator program in Japan. In addition, this paper established a hypothesis about decision-making about the time for exploration from case studies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SHIMIZUTakeshi en-aut-sei=SHIMIZU en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name=志水武史 kn-aut-sei=志水 kn-aut-mei=武史 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems Okayama University kn-affil=国立大学法人岡山大学学術研究院ヘルスシステム統合科学研究学域 en-keyword=corporate accelerator program kn-keyword=corporate accelerator program en-keyword=co-creation kn-keyword=co-creation en-keyword=exploration kn-keyword=exploration en-keyword=Time Compression Diseconomies kn-keyword=Time Compression Diseconomies END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=235 end-page=249 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2025 dt-pub=20250328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Practical Research on Nurturing the Next Generation of Classical Japanese Instrument Music That Connects the Local and the Global Community (1): Analysis of External Evaluations of the “Okayama International Classical Japanese Instruments Student Festival” kn-title=地域社会とグローバルをつなぐ和楽器音楽次世代育成の実践研究（１）　「おかやま国際和楽器学生フェスティバル」外的評価の分析 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　本稿では，「和楽器音楽及び教育の拠点づくりの実践研究」の一環として開催した「おかやま国際和楽器学生フェスティバル」の取り組みについて，その概要を報告するとともに，外的評価として「おかやま国際和楽器学生フェスティバルコンサート」終演後に実施した一般来場者対象の質問紙調査及びフェスティバルを参観した岡山県内の学校関係者対象の質問紙調査を取り上げ，意義と課題について検討した。
　その結果，第一に音楽を通じた世代間や国際交流の喜びを感じ，和楽器の伝承と教育の重要性を強く意識する機会となったこと，第二に，和楽器が様々な国籍・年齢の学生に受容されていることを，来場者が客観視することで，自文化の価値の再認識につながったこと，第三に，フェスティバル全体としては，ワークショップが充実しており，様々な国籍・年齢の学生が同じステージで演奏する姿に対する評価が得られた点が明らかとなった。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HAYAKAWARinko en-aut-sei=HAYAKAWA en-aut-mei=Rinko kn-aut-name=早川倫子 kn-aut-sei=早川 kn-aut-mei=倫子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YAMAJIMiho en-aut-sei=YAMAJI en-aut-mei=Miho kn-aut-name=山路みほ kn-aut-sei=山路 kn-aut-mei=みほ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TAKASUHiromi en-aut-sei=TAKASU en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name=髙須裕美 kn-aut-sei=髙須 kn-aut-mei=裕美 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=BEPPUYuko en-aut-sei=BEPPU en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name=別府祐子 kn-aut-sei=別府 kn-aut-mei=祐子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HIGUCHIAki en-aut-sei=HIGUCHI en-aut-mei=Aki kn-aut-name=樋口亜希 kn-aut-sei=樋口 kn-aut-mei=亜希 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NAKAMURAAi en-aut-sei=NAKAMURA en-aut-mei=Ai kn-aut-name=中村愛 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=愛 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SHIMIZUNaoko en-aut-sei=SHIMIZU en-aut-mei=Naoko kn-aut-name=清水尚子 kn-aut-sei=清水 kn-aut-mei=尚子 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HANAKUSAYoko en-aut-sei=HANAKUSA en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name=花草容子 kn-aut-sei=花草 kn-aut-mei=容子 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TAKESHITANoriko en-aut-sei=TAKESHITA en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=竹下則子 kn-aut-sei=竹下 kn-aut-mei=則子 aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MIYOSHIKeiko en-aut-sei=MIYOSHI en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name=三好啓子 kn-aut-sei=三好 kn-aut-mei=啓子 aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TOSAChihiro en-aut-sei=TOSA en-aut-mei=Chihiro kn-aut-name=土佐千紘 kn-aut-sei=土佐 kn-aut-mei=千紘 aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=2 en-affil=Koto Player kn-affil=箏曲演奏家・岡山大学非常勤講師 affil-num=3 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院教育学域 affil-num=4 en-affil=Kurashiki City College kn-affil=倉敷市立短期大学 affil-num=5 en-affil=Okayama Prefectural School for the Deaf kn-affil=岡山県立岡山聾学校 affil-num=6 en-affil=Doctoral Student at the Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education Hyogo University of Teacher Education kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科博士課程 affil-num=7 en-affil=Doctoral Student at the Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education Hyogo University of Teacher Education kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科博士課程 affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Student at the Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education Hyogo University of Teacher Education kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科研究生 affil-num=9 en-affil=Research Student at the Joint Graduate School in Science of School Education Hyogo University of Teacher Education kn-affil=兵庫教育大学大学院連合学校教育学研究科研究生 affil-num=10 en-affil=Master’s Student at the Graduate School of Education in Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科修士課程 affil-num=11 en-affil=Master’s Student at the Graduate School of Education in Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科修士課程 en-keyword=和楽器音楽 (Classical Japanese instrument) kn-keyword=和楽器音楽 (Classical Japanese instrument) en-keyword=教育 (education) kn-keyword=教育 (education) en-keyword=次世代育成 (nurturing the next generation) kn-keyword=次世代育成 (nurturing the next generation) en-keyword=グローカル (glocal) kn-keyword=グローカル (glocal) en-keyword=質問紙調査 (questionnaire survey) kn-keyword=質問紙調査 (questionnaire survey) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=96 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=1241 end-page=1252 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210728 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Validated international definition of the thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and organomegaly clinical subtype (TAFRO) of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome is a heterogeneous entity manifesting with a constellation of symptoms described above that can occur in the context of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) as well as infectious diseases, malignancies, and rheumatologic disorders. So, iMCD-TAFRO is an aggressive subtype of iMCD with TAFRO syndrome and often hyper-vascularized lymph nodes. Since we proposed diagnostic criteria of iMCD-TAFRO in 2016, we have accumulated new insights on the disorder and additional cases have been reported worldwide. In this systematic review and cohort analysis, we established and validated a definition for iMCD-TAFRO. First, we searched PubMed and Japan Medical Abstracts Society databases using the keyword “TAFRO” to extract cases. Patients with possible systemic autoimmune diseases and hematologic malignancies were excluded. Our search identified 54 cases from 50 articles. We classified cases into three categories: (1) iMCD-TAFRO (TAFRO syndrome with lymph node histopathology consistent with iMCD), (2) possible iMCD-TAFRO (TAFRO syndrome with no lymph node biopsy performed and no other co-morbidities), and (3) TAFRO without iMCD or other co-morbidities (TAFRO syndrome with lymph node histopathology not consistent with iMCD or other comorbidities). Based on the findings, we propose an international definition requiring four clinical criteria (thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever/hyperinflammatory status, organomegaly), renal dysfunction or characteristic bone marrow findings, and lymph node features consistent with iMCD. The definition was validated with an external cohort (the ACCELERATE Natural History Registry). The present international definition will facilitate a more precise and comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of iMCD-TAFRO. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishimuraYoshito en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FajgenbaumDavid C. en-aut-sei=Fajgenbaum en-aut-mei=David C. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=PiersonSheila K. en-aut-sei=Pierson en-aut-mei=Sheila K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwakiNoriko en-aut-sei=Iwaki en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishikoriAsami en-aut-sei=Nishikori en-aut-mei=Asami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawanoMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Kawano en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraNaoya en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=IzutsuKoji en-aut-sei=Izutsu en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiKengo en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraMidori Filiz en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Midori Filiz kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshizakiKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Yoshizaki en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=OksenhendlerEric en-aut-sei=Oksenhendler en-aut-mei=Eric kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=van RheeFrits en-aut-sei=van Rhee en-aut-mei=Frits kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoYasuharu en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment & Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Center for Cytokine Storm Treatment & Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Hematology/Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Organic Fine Chemicals, Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Myeloma Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=71 end-page=89 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20241227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exploring the Link Between Modern Household Amenities and Health in Vietnam en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　The correlation between the impact of the external and internal environment of a household on its occupants’ health has been well documented by various research studies. Yet a limitation of the literature is the prevalence of modern household basic amenities and occupant health, especially in Vietnam. This paper examines the impact of modern household basic amenities on occupant health by applying the Vietnam Household Standard Survey 2018. By applying the Tobit method, it is revealed that household amenities displayed a significant association with health outcomes. For instance, individuals residing in concrete houses or employing waste collection systems exhibited decreased illness likelihood. Handwashing with soap correlated with a diminished illness probability. Tobit analysis highlights internet accessibility as significant in reducing days of work incapacity (approximately 6 days less). Gender, residential location, and total income also impact workdays. Age and education exhibit inverse relationships with workdays missed. In essence, these findings contribute to the broader discourse on public health and underscore the importance of considering diverse factors, ranging from basic amenities to socio-economic indicators, in formulating comprehensive health policies and interventions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Do Thi Hoai Giang en-aut-sei=Do Thi Hoai Giang en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ド ティ ホアイ ジャン kn-aut-sei=ド ティ ホアイ ジャン kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科 en-keyword=Modern household amenity kn-keyword=Modern household amenity en-keyword=occupant health kn-keyword=occupant health en-keyword=Vietnam kn-keyword=Vietnam en-keyword=Tobit regression kn-keyword=Tobit regression en-keyword=Logit model kn-keyword=Logit model END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=239 end-page=244 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=2024101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Reverse Shape Memory Effect and Toughness Recovery of Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al Alloy kn-title=Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al合金の逆形状記憶効果と靭性回復 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloys exhibit shape memory (SM) and reverse shape memory (RSM) effects. When an alloy sample that has been strained by external force at room temperature is heated, the strain recovers and SM effect develops at around 300℃, but as the temperature increases further, the shape changes in the opposite direction due to RSM effect at around 450℃. This RSM effect has potential applications in forming processes such as thin-walled pipes, but has the disadvantage that the RSM treatment makes the material very brittle. Therefore, in this study, a heat treatment to restore toughness while maintaining the shape after forming was investigated. The alloy quenched from 1050℃ had a microstructure consisting of a β matrix phase and α′′-martensite (α′′Mq). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that the continuous heating process occurred in the following order: α′′Mq → β reverse transformation, ω formation, ω disappearance, thermally induced α′′iso phase formation, α precipitation and α → β transformation. Ageing at 300℃, where the SM effect appears, caused significant embrittlement due to the formation of the ageing ω phase. Ageing treatment at 450℃, where the RSM effect is obtained, resulted in the formation of a fine α phase, which also caused significant embrittlement. On the other hand, additional aging at 600℃ for 1.8 ks after RSM treatment significantly improved the toughness and produced material properties comparable to aerospace material specifications. It was found that the embrittlement in the RSM treatment was due to the precipitation of fine α phase, and that the growth of α phase with a width of about 0.2 µm or more was required for toughness recovery. It was also found that the specimen shape formed by the RSM treatment hardly changed after the additional heat treatment of 1.8 ks at 600℃. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=竹元嘉利 kn-aut-sei=竹元 kn-aut-mei=嘉利 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinomiyaDaiki en-aut-sei=Shinomiya en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name=四宮大輝 kn-aut-sei=四宮 kn-aut-mei=大輝 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiharaTaiki en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Taiki kn-aut-name=石原大暉 kn-aut-sei=石原 kn-aut-mei=大暉 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokotaHiroto en-aut-sei=Yokota en-aut-mei=Hiroto kn-aut-name=横田啓人 kn-aut-sei=横田 kn-aut-mei=啓人 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakawaJinta en-aut-sei=Arakawa en-aut-mei=Jinta kn-aut-name=荒川仁太 kn-aut-sei=荒川 kn-aut-mei=仁太 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学環境生命自然科学学域 affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命自然科学研究科 affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命自然科学研究科 affil-num=5 en-affil=Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学環境生命自然科学学域 en-keyword=reverse shape memory kn-keyword=reverse shape memory en-keyword=α′′-phase kn-keyword=α′′-phase en-keyword=deformation induced martensite kn-keyword=deformation induced martensite en-keyword=β-type titanium alloy kn-keyword=β-type titanium alloy en-keyword=brittle fracture kn-keyword=brittle fracture en-keyword=toughness kn-keyword=toughness en-keyword=shape recovery kn-keyword=shape recovery en-keyword=ω-phase kn-keyword=ω-phase en-keyword=variant kn-keyword=variant END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=112 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=419 end-page=424 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240909 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Electrochemically assisted sol-gel deposition of bioactive gels for biomedical applications en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=So far, the sol-gel process has been available to prepare precursor gels of bioactive glasses with various compositions. In this report, we described a novel coating method of bioactive gels on a titanium substrate where the sol-gel transition is controlled by applying external electric fields. The application of a constant current of 10 mA/cm2 in an acidic sol containing pre-hydrolyzed tetraethoxysilane, calcium nitrate, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate led to the deposition of gels on the titanium cathodes due to the generation of OH– by water electrolysis as a catalyst of the sol-gel transition. The obtained gels, which were characterized to be amorphous and consisted of Si, Ca, and P, covered the titanium substrates as a coating. The bioactivity of the gels deposited was confirmed by soaking in a simulated body fluid (SBF) up to 7 days, suggesting that the electrochemically assisted sol-gel process is promising for providing bioactive coatings on metallic implants. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshiokaTomohiko en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoNaoki en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Sol-gel-derived gels kn-keyword=Sol-gel-derived gels en-keyword=Coating kn-keyword=Coating en-keyword=Water electrolysis kn-keyword=Water electrolysis en-keyword=Bioactivity kn-keyword=Bioactivity en-keyword=SBF kn-keyword=SBF END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=349 end-page=355 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202408 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Middle-Ear Salivary Gland Choristoma with Congenital, Single-Sided Hearing Loss en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Middle-ear salivary gland choristoma (SGCh) is a rare, benign tumor that causes conductive hearing loss owing to middle-ear morphological abnormalities. Early diagnosis is challenging, and surgical resection is indispensable for a definitive diagnosis. We report the case of a 3-year-old boy diagnosed with middle-ear SGCh during the follow-up period for left-sided hearing loss discovered at newborn hearing screening (NHS). Long-term follow-up after the NHS result, subsequent computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical resection led to its relatively early diagnosis and treatment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TominagaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Tominaga en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugayaAkiko en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KariyaShin en-aut-sei=Kariya en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuAiko en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Aiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaYuko en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoMizuo en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Mizuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=middle-ear salivary gland choristoma kn-keyword=middle-ear salivary gland choristoma en-keyword=middle-ear morphological abnormalities kn-keyword=middle-ear morphological abnormalities en-keyword=newborn hearing screening kn-keyword=newborn hearing screening en-keyword=unilateral hearing loss kn-keyword=unilateral hearing loss en-keyword=surgical resection kn-keyword=surgical resection END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=307 end-page=312 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202408 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Can Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection in Prostate Cancer Patients with a 5% Briganti Nomogram Cut-off Value Provide an Oncological Benefit? A Large Multi-Institutional Cohort Study in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Briganti nomogram (cut-off value 5%) is commonly used to determine the indications for pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in patients with prostate cancer. We retrospectively analyzed the potential oncological benefit of PLND based on the 5% cut-off value on the Briganti nomogram. We obtained the data from the Medical Investigation Cancer Network (MICAN) Study, which included 3,463 patients who underwent a radical prostatectomy (RP) at nine institutions in Japan between 2010 and 2020. We included patients with Briganti scores ≥ 5% and a follow-up period ≥6 months and excluded patients categorized in the very high-risk group (based on NCCN categories); a final total of the cases of 1,068 patients were analyzed. The biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival was significantly worse in the patients who underwent PLND compared to those who did not (p=0.019). A multivariate analysis showed that high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (p<0.001) and an advanced T-stage (p=0.018) were significant prognostic factors for BCR, whereas PLND had no effect on BCR (p=0.059). Thus, PLND in patients with prostate cancer whose Briganti score was 5% did not provide any oncological benefit. Further research is necessary to determine the indication criteria for conducting PLND. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugiharaNaoya en-aut-sei=Sugihara en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashineKatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Hashine en-aut-mei=Katsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaNatsumi en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoMiki en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Miki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TerashitaMasato en-aut-sei=Terashita en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunakiKeisuke en-aut-sei=Funaki en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaikiKaori en-aut-sei=Saiki en-aut-mei=Kaori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SawadaTakatora en-aut-sei=Sawada en-aut-mei=Takatora kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakudaToshio en-aut-sei=Kakuda en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraKenichi en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukumotoTetsuya en-aut-sei=Fukumoto en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraNoriyosi en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Noriyosi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyauchiYuki en-aut-sei=Miyauchi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikugawaTadahiko en-aut-sei=Kikugawa en-aut-mei=Tadahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaikaTakashi en-aut-sei=Saika en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Epidemiology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Urology, Ehime University kn-affil= en-keyword=Briganti nomogram kn-keyword=Briganti nomogram en-keyword=pelvic lymph node dissection kn-keyword=pelvic lymph node dissection en-keyword=prostate cancer kn-keyword=prostate cancer en-keyword=radical prostatectomy kn-keyword=radical prostatectomy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=152 end-page=158 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Death Feigning in Larvae of Scorpionflies (Mecoptera: Panorpidae): Frequency and Postural Changes Based on Larval Instars en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Death feigning is thought to have evolved primarily as a predator avoidance behavior, and has been reported in 10 of the 31 orders of insects. However, there have been no reports of death-feigning behavior in Mecoptera species. We found that larvae of two scorpionfly species, Panorpa japonica and P. pryeri, showed death feigning in response to external stimuli by brush poking stimulation. First, we examined the frequencies of death-feigning postures. The two species showed two different postures of death feigning, “straight” and “ball.” Most of the 1st instar larvae of P. japonica and P. pryeri adopted the straight death-feigning posture. Next, we examined duration of death feigning. As the larval instar progressed, the death-feigning posture shifted from straight to ball in both Panorpa species. In P. japonica, the longest durations of death feigning were found in the 2nd to 3rd instars, while the longest duration of death feigning was found in the late 4th instar in P. pryeri larvae. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IshiharaRyo en-aut-sei=Ishihara en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumuraKentarou en-aut-sei=Matsumura en-aut-mei=Kentarou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyatakeTakahisa en-aut-sei=Miyatake en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Anti-predator behavior kn-keyword=Anti-predator behavior en-keyword=freezing kn-keyword=freezing en-keyword=larvae kn-keyword=larvae en-keyword=thanatosis kn-keyword=thanatosis en-keyword=tonic immobility kn-keyword=tonic immobility END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=13 article-no= start-page=7398 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240705 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mechanisms and Functions of Sweet Reception in Oral and Extraoral Organs en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The oral detection of sugars relies on two types of receptor systems. The first is the G-protein-coupled receptor TAS1R2/TAS1R3. When activated, this receptor triggers a downstream signaling cascade involving gustducin, phospholipase C beta 2 (PLC beta 2), and transient receptor potential channel M5 (TRPM5). The second type of receptor is the glucose transporter. When glucose enters the cell via this transporter, it is metabolized to produce ATP. This ATP inhibits the opening of KATP channels, leading to cell depolarization. Beside these receptor systems, sweet-sensitive taste cells have mechanisms to regulate their sensitivity to sweet substances based on internal and external states of the body. Sweet taste receptors are not limited to the oral cavity; they are also present in extraoral organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and brain. These extraoral sweet receptors are involved in various functions, including glucose absorption, insulin release, sugar preference, and food intake, contributing to the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Additionally, sweet receptors may have unique roles in certain organs like the trachea and bone. This review summarizes past and recent studies on sweet receptor systems, exploring the molecular mechanisms and physiological functions of sweet (sugar) detection in both oral and extraoral organs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshidaRyusuke en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NinomiyaYuzo en-aut-sei=Ninomiya en-aut-mei=Yuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=sweet taste kn-keyword=sweet taste en-keyword=energy homeostasis kn-keyword=energy homeostasis en-keyword=T1R3 kn-keyword=T1R3 en-keyword=GLUT kn-keyword=GLUT en-keyword=SGLT kn-keyword=SGLT en-keyword=sugar kn-keyword=sugar END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=251 end-page=258 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202406 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Comparative Analysis of Thoracic Rotation Exercises: Range of Motion Improvement in Standing and Quadruped Variants en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There have been few investigations into the effectiveness of thoracic spine exercises for improving thoracic range of motion (ROM) in any plane. This study assessed the effectiveness of two thoracic spine exercises: one in the quadruped position and one in the thoracic standing position. We determined how these exercises affect thoracic spine mobility ROM over a 2-week intervention period. Thirty-nine healthy participants were enrolled and assigned to a Quadruped Thoracic Rotation group (n=17 participants: 9 females and 8 males) or Flamenco Thoracic Spine Rotation group (n=22: 14 females and 8 males). All participants were administered a KOJI AWARENESSTM screening test, and the initial thoracic spine ROM before intervention exercise was measured in a laboratory setting. Quadruped Thoracic Rotation was performed as the quadruped exercise and Flamenco Thoracic Spine Rotation as the standing exercise. The KOJI AWARENESSTM thoracic spine test and ROM were evaluated on the day after the first exercise session and again after the program. Despite their different approaches to thoracic mobility, the quadruped exercise and standing exercise achieved equivalent improvement in thoracic ROM after 2 weeks. Practitioners have a range of exercise options for enhancing thoracic mobility based on their environmental or task-specific needs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurofushiKoji en-aut-sei=Murofushi en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitomoSho en-aut-sei=Mitomo en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirohataKenji en-aut-sei=Hirohata en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FuruyaHidetaka en-aut-sei=Furuya en-aut-mei=Hidetaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatagiriHiroki en-aut-sei=Katagiri en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaneokaKoji en-aut-sei=Kaneoka en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YagishitaKazuyoshi en-aut-sei=Yagishita en-aut-mei=Kazuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Sports Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Japan Sports Agency kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation, Sonoda Third Hospital/Tokyo Medical Institute Tokyo Spine Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopedics, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Faculty of Sport Science, Waseda University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Clinical Center for Sports Medicine and Sports Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) kn-affil= en-keyword=thoracic spine kn-keyword=thoracic spine en-keyword=thoracic rotation range of motion kn-keyword=thoracic rotation range of motion en-keyword=exercise intervention kn-keyword=exercise intervention END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=2270 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240511 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Recognition of 8-Oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine in DNA Using the Triphosphate of 2′-Deoxycytidine Connecting the 1,3-Diazaphenoxazine Unit, dCdapTP en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=DNA is constantly damaged by various external and internal factors. In particular, oxidative damage occurs in a steady state, and 8-oxo-2 '-deoxyguanosine (oxodG) is known as the main oxidative damage. OxodG is a strong genotoxic nucleoside and is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer and neurological diseases. However, a breakthrough method to detect the position of oxodG in DNA has not yet been developed. Therefore, we attempted to develop a novel method to detect oxodG in DNA using artificial nucleosides. Recently, we have succeeded in the recognition of oxodG in DNA by a single nucleotide elongation reaction using nucleoside derivatives based on a purine skeleton with a 1,3-diazaphenoxazine unit. In this study, we developed a new nucleoside derivative with a pyrimidine skeleton in order to further improve the recognition ability and enzymatic reaction efficiency. We, therefore, designed and synthesized 2 '-deoxycytidine-1,3-diazaphenoxazine (Cdap) and its triphosphate derivatives. The results showed that it was incorporated into the primer strand relative to the dG template because of its cytidine skeleton, but it was more effective at the complementary position of the oxodG template. These results indicate that the new nucleoside derivative can be considered as one of the new candidates for the detection of oxodG in DNA. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakuradaTakato en-aut-sei=Sakurada en-aut-mei=Takato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChikadaYuta en-aut-sei=Chikada en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaharaRyo en-aut-sei=Miyahara en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiYosuke en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=8-oxo-2 '-deoxyguanosine kn-keyword=8-oxo-2 '-deoxyguanosine en-keyword=single nucleotide elongation reaction kn-keyword=single nucleotide elongation reaction en-keyword=artificial nucleoside triphosphate kn-keyword=artificial nucleoside triphosphate en-keyword=2 '-deoxycytidine derivatives kn-keyword=2 '-deoxycytidine derivatives END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=13 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=807 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240509 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Exploring the Regulators of Keratinization: Role of BMP-2 in Oral Mucosa en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The oral mucosa functions as a physico-chemical and immune barrier to external stimuli, and an adequate width of the keratinized mucosa around the teeth or implants is crucial to maintaining them in a healthy and stable condition. In this study, for the first time, bulk RNA-seq analysis was performed to explore the gene expression of laser microdissected epithelium and lamina propria from mice, aiming to investigate the differences between keratinized and non-keratinized oral mucosa. Based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and Gene Ontology (GO) Enrichment Analysis, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) was identified to be a potential regulator of oral mucosal keratinization. Monoculture and epithelial-mesenchymal cell co-culture models in the air-liquid interface (ALI) indicated that BMP-2 has direct and positive effects on epithelial keratinization and proliferation. We further performed bulk RNA-seq of the ALI monoculture stimulated with BMP-2 in an attempt to identify the downstream factors promoting epithelial keratinization and proliferation. Analysis of the DEGs identified, among others, IGF2, ID1, LTBP1, LOX, SERPINE1, IL24, and MMP1 as key factors. In summary, these results revealed the involvement of a well-known growth factor responsible for bone development, BMP-2, in the mechanism of oral mucosal keratinization and proliferation, and pointed out the possible downstream genes involved in this mechanism. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MuXindi en-aut-sei=Mu en-aut-mei=Xindi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoMitsuaki en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Mitsuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NguyenHa Thi Thu en-aut-sei=Nguyen en-aut-mei=Ha Thi Thu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangZiyi en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ziyi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhaoKun en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Kun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomoriTaishi en-aut-sei=Komori en-aut-mei=Taishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonezawaTomoko en-aut-sei=Yonezawa en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OohashiToshitaka en-aut-sei=Oohashi en-aut-mei=Toshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Implantology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=cell differentiation kn-keyword=cell differentiation en-keyword=epithelia kn-keyword=epithelia en-keyword=growth factor(s) kn-keyword=growth factor(s) en-keyword=bioinformatics kn-keyword=bioinformatics en-keyword=extracellular matrix (ECM) kn-keyword=extracellular matrix (ECM) en-keyword=mucocutaneous disorders kn-keyword=mucocutaneous disorders END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=197 end-page=200 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202404 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Perineal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in an Epidermal Cyst en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A 90-year-old Japanese woman who had been aware of a subcutaneous mass on the right perineal region for 5 years was referred to our hospital for further examination and treatment because of the rapid growth of the mass and bleeding that began 3 months earlier. A biopsy of the mass revealed a diagnosis of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. On preoperative examination, the tumor was 90×40 mm in size and was suspected to have partially invaded the levator ani muscle and external sphincter. Since a preoperative cardiac evaluation indicated severe aortic stenosis, we performed transcatheter aortic valve implantation. A radical resection was then performed with general anesthesia. The skin and subcutaneous tissue defects were reconstructed with a posterior gluteal-thigh propeller flap, and a sigmoid colostomy was created. The patient had a good postoperative course and was transferred to a rehabilitation facility 28 days after the surgery. Epidermal cysts are a common benign tumor, and clinicians should keep in mind that these cysts can become malignant. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TeraishiFuminori en-aut-sei=Teraishi en-aut-mei=Fuminori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumiYuki en-aut-sei=Matsumi en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TachibanaKota en-aut-sei=Tachibana en-aut-mei=Kota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraToshiyoshi en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Toshiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=squamous cell carcinoma kn-keyword=squamous cell carcinoma en-keyword=epidermoid cyst kn-keyword=epidermoid cyst en-keyword=gluteal thigh flap kn-keyword=gluteal thigh flap END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=78 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=95 end-page=106 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=202404 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Roles of Neuropeptide Y in Respiratory Disease Pathogenesis via the Airway Immune Response en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The lungs are very complex organs, and the respiratory system performs the dual roles of repairing tissue while protecting against infection from various environmental stimuli. Persistent external irritation disrupts the immune responses of tissues and cells in the respiratory system, ultimately leading to respiratory disease. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino-acid polypeptide and a neurotransmitter that regulates homeostasis. The NPY receptor is a seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein-coupled receptor with six subtypes (Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, Y5, and Y6). Of these receptors, Y1, Y2, Y4, and Y5 are functional in humans, and Y1 plays important roles in the immune responses of many organs, including the respiratory system. NPY and the Y1 receptor have critical roles in the pathogenesis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The effects of NPY on the airway immune response and pathogenesis differ among respiratory diseases. This review focuses on the involvement of NPY in the airway immune response and pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ItanoJunko en-aut-sei=Itano en-aut-mei=Junko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiuraKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Kiura en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyaharaNobuaki en-aut-sei=Miyahara en-aut-mei=Nobuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=neuropeptide y kn-keyword=neuropeptide y en-keyword=Y1 receptor kn-keyword=Y1 receptor en-keyword=airway immune response kn-keyword=airway immune response en-keyword=bronchial epithelial cells kn-keyword=bronchial epithelial cells en-keyword=respiratory disease kn-keyword=respiratory disease END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=541 end-page=551 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240213 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association of Regular Cervical Cancer Screening with Socioeconomic, COVID-19 Infection and Vaccine Status Among Japanese Population: Cohort Observational Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: Among the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries, Japan has one of the lowest cervical cancer screening coverages. Cancer screening coverage has worsened due to the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study investigated the relationship between socioeconomic background, COVID-19 infection history and vaccine status, and regular cervical cancer screening (CCS) during the two years of the COVID-19 era in Japan.
Patients and Methods: We used data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey, a nationwide, Internet-based, selfreport cohort observational study conducted in 2022. The outcome variable was identified by asking whether the participants had undergone CCS within the last two years. Cervical cytology was performed in Japan by brushing the external cervical os. This study used multivariate log-binomial regression models to evaluate inequalities during regular checkups for CCS. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to incorporate the socioeconomic background variables.
Results: Of the 12,066 participants, 5597 (46.4%) had undergone regular CCS for over two years. The prevalence ratio (PR) of patients who underwent CCS was 0.70 for those in their 20s and 0.78 for those in their 60s, compared to those in their 40s. Socioeconomic inequities were found in the following groups: unemployed/student, unmarried, high school graduate or lower, and household income below 4 million Yen. Our final multivariate analysis revealed that participants who were in their 20s or 60s, had a household income below 4 million Yen, were unmarried, had no annual health check-ups, and were unvaccinated with COVID-19 were at a higher risk of not undergoing CCS.
Conclusion: The relationship between socioeconomic inequality and CCS hesitancy is prevalent among younger participants. The CCS coverage in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic year (2020-2022) was not low compared with the pre-pandemic era. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MitomaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Mitoma en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MakiJota en-aut-sei=Maki en-aut-mei=Jota kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OobaHikaru en-aut-sei=Ooba en-aut-mei=Hikaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaChikako en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasuyamaHisashi en-aut-sei=Masuyama en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TabuchiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Tabuchi en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute kn-affil= en-keyword=cervical cancer screening kn-keyword=cervical cancer screening en-keyword=social inequality kn-keyword=social inequality en-keyword=screening hesitation kn-keyword=screening hesitation en-keyword=internet survey kn-keyword=internet survey END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=281 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2024 dt-pub=20240116 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A System for Monitoring Animals Based on Behavioral Information and Internal State Information en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Managing the risk of injury or illness is an important consideration when keeping pets. This risk can be minimized if pets are monitored on a regular basis, but this can be difficult and time-consuming. However, because only the external behavior of the animal can be observed and the internal condition cannot be assessed, the animal’s state can easily be misjudged. Additionally, although some systems use heartbeat measurement to determine a state of tension, or use rest to assess the internal state, because an increase in heart rate can also occur as a result of exercise, it is desirable to use this measurement in combination with behavioral information. In the current study, we proposed a monitoring system for animals using video image analysis. The proposed system first extracts features related to behavioral information and the animal’s internal state via mask R-CNN using video images taken from the top of the cage. These features are used to detect typical daily activities and anomalous activities. This method produces an alert when the hamster behaves in an unusual way. In our experiment, the daily behavior of a hamster was measured and analyzed using the proposed system. The results showed that the features of the hamster’s behavior were successfully detected. When loud sounds were presented from outside the cage, the system was able to discriminate between the behavioral and internal changes of the hamster. In future research, we plan to improve the accuracy of the measurement of small movements and develop a more accurate system. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShibanokiTaro en-aut-sei=Shibanoki en-aut-mei=Taro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiYuugo en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Yuugo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TonookaHideyuki en-aut-sei=Tonooka en-aut-mei=Hideyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems, Faculty of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Major in Computer and Information Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Major in Computer and Information Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University kn-affil= en-keyword=monitoring system kn-keyword=monitoring system en-keyword=image processing kn-keyword=image processing en-keyword=mask R-CNN kn-keyword=mask R-CNN en-keyword=anomaly detection kn-keyword=anomaly detection en-keyword=one-class SVM kn-keyword=one-class SVM en-keyword=rodents kn-keyword=rodents END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1278 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=341723 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20231016 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of mass-dependent chromium isotopic compositions in geological samples by double spike-total evaporation-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (DS-TE-TIMS) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: Chromium isotopes have been used to trace geochemical and cosmochemical processes in the past. However, the presence of multivalent Cr species has made it difficult to isolate Cr from geological samples, particularly for samples with a low Cr mass fraction.
Results: Here, a simple three-step ion exchange chromatography procedure is presented to separate Cr from various sample matrices, ranging from ultramafic to felsic rocks. Throughout each of the column chromatography step, 1 mL of cation exchange resin AG50W-X8 (200–400 mesh) was used as the stationary phase and oxalic acid as a chelating agent, was used in addition to the inorganic acids. This method yielded high recoveries of Cr [93 ± 8% (2SD, N = 7)] regardless of the lithology. The total procedural blank of Cr was <0.5 ng. We also developed a double spike-total evaporation-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (DS-TE-TIMS) technique that significantly reduced sample consumption to ∼20 ng of Cr per each measurement of mass-dependent 53Cr/52Cr.
Significance: This study achieved a 2SD external precision of 0.02‰ for the analysis of NIST NBS3112a and of 0.01–0.07‰ for the geological samples. This study enabled high-precision Cr isotope analysis in geological samples with various matrix and Cr compositions using relatively small sample volumes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=RatnayakeDilan M. en-aut-sei=Ratnayake en-aut-mei=Dilan M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaRyoji en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Ryoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraEizo en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Eizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Cr isotopes kn-keyword=Cr isotopes en-keyword=DS-TE-TIMS kn-keyword=DS-TE-TIMS en-keyword=Cation exchange resin kn-keyword=Cation exchange resin en-keyword=Low blank kn-keyword=Low blank en-keyword=High precision kn-keyword=High precision END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=635 end-page=645 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202312 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of Nutritional Support Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Muscle Strength and Thickness: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Young Adult Males en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the management of post-injury patients with activity limitations, methods to prevent musculoskeletal disorders and hasten recovery are important. This randomized controlled, single-blinded study was a preliminary investigation of the combined effect of nutritional support with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on muscle strength and thickness. Healthy young adult males (median age, 21 years) were enrolled; each of their hands was randomly assigned to one of the following four groups: Placebo, Nutrition, NMES, and Nutrition + NMES. All participants received whey protein or placebo (3x/week for 6 weeks) and NMES training (3x/week for 6 weeks) on the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle of either the left or right hand. ADM muscle strength and thickness were analyzed at baseline and at week 7. We analyzed 38 hands (9 Placebo, 10 Nutrition, 9 NMES, 10 Nutrition + NMES). There was significantly greater muscle strengthening in the Nutrition + NMES group compared to the Placebo group or the NMES group, but no significant difference in gain of muscle thickness. The combined intervention may be effective in improving muscle strength. Future clinical trials targeting various muscles after sports-related injuries are warranted. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IkedaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamuraKazunori en-aut-sei=Okamura en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaMasaki en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanaiShusaku en-aut-sei=Kanai en-aut-mei=Shusaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima kn-affil= en-keyword=whey protein kn-keyword=whey protein en-keyword=electrical stimulation kn-keyword=electrical stimulation en-keyword=muscle strength kn-keyword=muscle strength en-keyword=healthy volunteers kn-keyword=healthy volunteers END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=55 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20231124 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Building a perspective on the innovation process of local public services kn-title=地方公共サービス革新プロセスの視座の構築 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　When local governments develop public services, they often experience innovation processes. More often, the innovation processes referred to here seem to be the perceived needs for transformation faced with external pressures and the purposive responses to them. This article tries to depict this discourse from a different viewpoint. One of the perspectives that has been proposed so far is that the external environments are made up of multiple actors, and that the historical backgrounds and the relationships between these actors affect the structure of administrative organizations and the methods of providing public services. The transformation processes could be one-time events no matter how long the processes may take, but this article tries to argue they may connote a circular mechanism where both of the administrative organizations and the external actors feedback to each other. In order to elaborate this direction of theorizing, three steps are employed by applying existent literature of various types developed in rather a broader context of social sciences. First, if one of the goals of postmodern theorization is liberating the psychological energies of actors from the cramped social reality that structuralists postulated, then Actor-Network-Theory may be useful. Second, according to Sarasbathy’s research on entrepreneurial behaviors, the view that we effectuate our future through what we can do now is attractive in order to create a new discourse of social innovations, where we appreciate them as not springing out of nowhere all of sudden. Third, once this article accepts polyphonic views on social realities where congested discourses interact during abovementioned process, the role of civic entrepreneurs on the frontline can never be overstated enough. This is because such civic entrepreneurs could cooperate with minority opinions and raise them into broader contexts of dialogues within societies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiiDaiji en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Daiji kn-aut-name=藤井大児 kn-aut-sei=藤井 kn-aut-mei=大児 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanajiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kanaji en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=金治宏 kn-aut-sei=金治 kn-aut-mei=宏 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院ヘルスシステム統合科学学域 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=京都光華女子大学キャリア形成学部 en-keyword=local government kn-keyword=local government en-keyword=public services kn-keyword=public services en-keyword=innovation process kn-keyword=innovation process END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=536 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20231002 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of the accuracy of heart dose prediction by machine learning for selecting patients not requiring deep inspiration breath‑hold radiotherapy after breast cancer surgery en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Increased heart dose during postoperative radiotherapy (RT) for left‑sided breast cancer (BC) can cause cardiac injury, which can decrease patient survival. The deep inspiration breath‑hold technique (DIBH) is becoming increasingly common for reducing the mean heart dose (MHD) in patients with left‑sided BC. However, treatment planning and DIBH for RT are laborious, time‑consuming and costly for patients and RT staff. In addition, the proportion of patients with left BC with low MHD is considerably higher among Asian women, mainly due to their smaller breast volume compared with that in Western countries. The present study aimed to determine the optimal machine learning (ML) model for predicting the MHD after RT to pre‑select patients with low MHD who will not require DIBH prior to RT planning. In total, 562 patients with BC who received postoperative RT were randomly divided into the trainval (n=449) and external (n=113) test datasets for ML using Python (version 3.8). Imbalanced data were corrected using synthetic minority oversampling with Gaussian noise. Specifically, right‑left, tumor site, chest wall thickness, irradiation method, body mass index and separation were the six explanatory variables used for ML, with four supervised ML algorithms used. Using the optimal value of hyperparameter tuning with root mean squared error (RMSE) as an indicator for the internal test data, the model yielding the best F2 score evaluation was selected for final validation using the external test data. The predictive ability of MHD for true MHD after RT was the highest among all algorithms for the deep neural network, with a RMSE of 77.4, F2 score of 0.80 and area under the curve‑receiver operating characteristic of 0.88, for a cut‑off value of 300 cGy. The present study suggested that ML can be used to pre‑select female Asian patients with low MHD who do not require DIBH for the postoperative RT of BC. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KamizakiRyo en-aut-sei=Kamizaki en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Al‑HammadWlla en-aut-sei=Al‑Hammad en-aut-mei=Wlla kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TekikiNouha en-aut-sei=Tekiki en-aut-mei=Nouha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizakaHinata en-aut-sei=Ishizaka en-aut-mei=Hinata kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoKohei en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OitaMasataka en-aut-sei=Oita en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeYoshinori en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=BarhamMajd en-aut-sei=Barham en-aut-mei=Majd kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiantoIrfan en-aut-sei=Sugianto en-aut-mei=Irfan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamitsuYuki en-aut-sei=Nakamitsu en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiranoMasaki en-aut-sei=Hirano en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=MutoYuki en-aut-sei=Muto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=IharaHiroki en-aut-sei=Ihara en-aut-mei=Hiroki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiyamaSoichi en-aut-sei=Sugiyama en-aut-mei=Soichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Dentistry and Dental Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An‑Najah National University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Proton Beam Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=BC kn-keyword=BC en-keyword=RT kn-keyword=RT en-keyword=heart dose kn-keyword=heart dose en-keyword=ML kn-keyword=ML en-keyword=DNN kn-keyword=DNN en-keyword=DIBH kn-keyword=DIBH END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=7412 end-page=7424 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mean Heart Dose Prediction Using Parameters of Single-Slice Computed Tomography and Body Mass Index: Machine Learning Approach for Radiotherapy of Left-Sided Breast Cancer of Asian Patients en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) is an excellent technique to reduce the incidental radiation received by the heart during radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer. However, DIBH is costly and time-consuming for patients and radiotherapy staff. In Asian countries, the use of DIBH is restricted due to the limited number of patients with a high mean heart dose (MHD) and the shortage of radiotherapy personnel and equipment compared to that in the USA. This study aimed to develop, evaluate, and compare the performance of ten machine learning algorithms for predicting MHD using a patient's body mass index and single-slice CT parameters to identify patients who may not require DIBH. Machine learning models were built and tested using a dataset containing 207 patients with left-sided breast cancer who were treated with field-in-field radiotherapy with free breathing. The average MHD was 251 cGy. Stratified repeated four-fold cross-validation was used to build models using 165 training data. The models were compared internally using their average performance metrics: F2 score, AUC, recall, accuracy, Cohen's kappa, and Matthews correlation coefficient. The final performance evaluation for each model was further externally analyzed using 42 unseen test data. The performance of each model was evaluated as a binary classifier by setting the cut-off value of MHD & GE; 300 cGy. The deep neural network (DNN) achieved the highest F2 score (78.9%). Most models successfully classified all patients with high MHD as true positive. This study indicates that the ten models, especially the DNN, might have the potential to identify patients who may not require DIBH. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Al-HammadWlla E. en-aut-sei=Al-Hammad en-aut-mei=Wlla E. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamizakiRyo en-aut-sei=Kamizaki en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TekikiNouha en-aut-sei=Tekiki en-aut-mei=Nouha kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizakaHinata en-aut-sei=Ishizaka en-aut-mei=Hinata kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoKohei en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OitaMasataka en-aut-sei=Oita en-aut-mei=Masataka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeYoshinori en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=BarhamMajd en-aut-sei=Barham en-aut-mei=Majd kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiantoIrfan en-aut-sei=Sugianto en-aut-mei=Irfan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuYudai en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Yudai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamitsuYuki en-aut-sei=Nakamitsu en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaumiJunichi en-aut-sei=Asaumi en-aut-mei=Junichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Dentistry and Dental Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=breast cancer kn-keyword=breast cancer en-keyword=radiotherapy kn-keyword=radiotherapy en-keyword=heart dose kn-keyword=heart dose en-keyword=machine learning kn-keyword=machine learning en-keyword=deep neural network kn-keyword=deep neural network en-keyword=deep inspiration breath-hold technique kn-keyword=deep inspiration breath-hold technique en-keyword=computed tomography kn-keyword=computed tomography END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=423 end-page=427 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202308 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Acute Coronary Spasm Following Pelvic Fracture, Bleeding, and Shock in a Trauma Patient en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report a case of a patient with severe pelvic fracture who showed concurrent ST elevation on electrocardiogram. A 70-year-old man incurred an unstable pelvic fracture from a motorcycle accident. On admission, he was hemodynamically unstable, and massive transfusion and noradrenaline were administered immediately. Although ST elevation was present in leads II, III, aVF, V5, and V6, cardiac function was preserved; thus, trans-arterial embolization and external fixation for pelvic fracture were given priority. Four days after the injury, he suffered a cardiac arrest, and coronary angiography revealed that the cause of ST elevation and cardiac arrest was coronary vasospasm. Physicians should be aware that pain-related stress and platelet activation as well as use of noradrenaline in severe trauma cases can induce coronary vasospasm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaYasuaki en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Yasuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyashitaKohei en-aut-sei=Miyashita en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorizaneAtsushi en-aut-sei=Morizane en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiMasato en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawashimaYuta en-aut-sei=Kawashima en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimuraTomoko en-aut-sei=Sugimura en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaisakaYuichi en-aut-sei=Saisaka en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Cardiology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= en-keyword=coronary spasm angina kn-keyword=coronary spasm angina en-keyword=noradrenaline kn-keyword=noradrenaline en-keyword=severe trauma kn-keyword=severe trauma en-keyword=ST elevation kn-keyword=ST elevation en-keyword=treatment strategy kn-keyword=treatment strategy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=55 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230724 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=New Agglomeration Indicators in Urban and Regional Economies kn-title=都市・地域における新たな集積指標 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　The indicators of agglomeration in urban and regional economies can be broadly classified into specialization and diversity, each of which is called the Marshal-Arrow-Romer type and the Jacobs type as external economic effects. There is also a Porter-type competitive environment indicator that advocates cluster-like agglomeration. The（modified）specialization coefficient, the Hirshman-Halfindahl index, and the entropy index are examples of indices that directly measure these factors. This paper reviews and evaluates indicators related to urban and regional economic agglomeration developed by Nakamura（2008）and Nakamura（2009）, as well as indicators directly and indirectly related to agglomeration that have been developed since then. rice field. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakamuraRyohei en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name=中村良平 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=良平 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagamuneTakeshi en-aut-sei=Nagamune en-aut-mei=Takeshi kn-aut-name=長宗武司 kn-aut-sei=長宗 kn-aut-mei=武司 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=164 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=588 end-page=605 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202307 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Design of continuous-time recurrent neural networks with piecewise-linear activation function for generation of prescribed sequences of bipolar vectors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A recurrent neural network (RNN) can generate a sequence of patterns as the temporal evolution of the output vector. This paper focuses on a continuous-time RNN model with a piecewise-linear activation function that has neither external inputs nor hidden neurons, and studies the problem of finding the parameters of the model so that it generates a given sequence of bipolar vectors. First, a sufficient condition for the model to generate the desired sequence is derived, which is expressed as a system of linear inequalities in the parameters. Next, three approaches to finding solutions of the system of linear inequalities are proposed: One is formulated as a convex quadratic programming problem and others are linear programming problems. Then, two types of sequences of bipolar vectors that can be generated by the model are presented. Finally, the case where the model generates a periodic sequence of bipolar vectors is considered, and a sufficient condition for the trajectory of the state vector to converge to a limit cycle is provided. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiNorikazu en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Norikazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamakawaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinetomaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Minetoma en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiTetsuo en-aut-sei=Nishi en-aut-mei=Tetsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MigitaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Migita en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Recurrent neural network kn-keyword=Recurrent neural network en-keyword=Piecewise-linear activation function kn-keyword=Piecewise-linear activation function en-keyword=Sequence kn-keyword=Sequence en-keyword=Bipolar vector kn-keyword=Bipolar vector en-keyword=Mathematical programming kn-keyword=Mathematical programming en-keyword=Limit cycle kn-keyword=Limit cycle END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=585 end-page=593 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202304 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=IMPACT OF MACULAR INTRARETINAL HEMORRHAGE AND MACULAR HOLE ON THE VISUAL PROGNOSIS OF SUBMACULAR HEMORRHAGE DUE TO RETINAL ARTERIAL MACROANEURYSM RUPTURE en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: To compare the effects of macular intraretinal hemorrhage (IRH) and macular hole (MH) on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after displacement of submacular hemorrhage (SMH) due to retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM) rupture.
Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 48 eyes with SMH due to RAM rupture. Cases underwent vitrectomy to displace SMH and were followed up for 6 months. We classified cases according to the presence of IRH and MH and compared the postoperative BCVA among the groups.
Results: We classified the eyes into IRH(+)MH(+) group (10 eyes), IRH(+)MH(−) group (23 eyes), and IRH(−)MH(−) group (15 eyes). The postoperative BCVA was significantly worse in the IRH(+)MH(+) and IRH(+)MH(−) groups than in the IRH(−)MH(−) group (0.91 ± 0.41 in logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution units, Snellen equivalent 20/163, 0.87 ± 0.45, 20/148, and 0.18 ± 0.21, 20/30, respectively; P < 0.001). The postoperative central retinal thickness was significantly lower in the IRH(+) group (IRH(+)MH(+) and IRH(+)MH(−) groups combined) than in the IRH(−) group (IRH(−)MH(−) group) (121.4 ± 70.1 µm and 174.3 ± 32.9 µm, respectively, P = 0.008). The postoperative external limiting membrane and ellipsoid zone continuities were significantly discontinuous in the IRH(+) group (P < 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that both IRH(+)MH(+) and IRH(+)MH(−) were associated with the postoperative BCVA (regression coefficient, 0.799 and 0.711, respectively; P < 0.001 for both).
Conclusion: Both IRH and MH were poor prognostic indicators in cases with SMH due to RAM rupture. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DoiShinichiro en-aut-sei=Doi en-aut-mei=Shinichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimuraShuhei en-aut-sei=Kimura en-aut-mei=Shuhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoShoko en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Shoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueMakoto en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuraiToshiya en-aut-sei=Sakurai en-aut-mei=Toshiya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoboriAkira en-aut-sei=Kobori en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisatomiToshio en-aut-sei=Hisatomi en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImaiHisanori en-aut-sei=Imai en-aut-mei=Hisanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuriyamaShoji en-aut-sei=Kuriyama en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakasuIppei en-aut-sei=Takasu en-aut-mei=Ippei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaMio Morizane en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Mio Morizane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiodeYusuke en-aut-sei=Shiode en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatobaRyo en-aut-sei=Matoba en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiEtsuji en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Etsuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorizaneYuki en-aut-sei=Morizane en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Kyorin Eye Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Kyorin Eye Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Tane Memorial Eye Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Fukui Red Cross Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Otowa Eye Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Takasu Eye Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=macular intraretinal hemorrhage kn-keyword=macular intraretinal hemorrhage en-keyword=macular hole kn-keyword=macular hole en-keyword=submacular hemorrhage kn-keyword=submacular hemorrhage en-keyword=retinal arterial macroaneurysm kn-keyword=retinal arterial macroaneurysm en-keyword=fluffy sign kn-keyword=fluffy sign en-keyword=tissue plasminogen activator kn-keyword=tissue plasminogen activator END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=20 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230508 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An investigation of the internal morphology of asbestos ferruginous bodies: constraining their role in the onset of malignant mesothelioma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background　Asbestos is a fibrous mineral that was widely used in the past. However, asbestos inhalation is associated with an aggressive type of cancer known as malignant mesothelioma (MM). After inhalation, an iron-rich coat forms around the asbestos fibres, together the coat and fibre are termed an "asbestos ferruginous body" (AFB). AFBs are the main features associated with asbestos-induced MM. Whilst several studies have investigated the external morphology of AFBs, none have characterised the internal morphology. Here, cross-sections of multiple AFBs from two smokers and two non-smokers are compared to investigate the effects of smoking on the onset and growth of AFBs. Morphological and chemical observations of AFBs were undertaken by transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and selected area diffraction.
Results　The AFBs of all patients were composed of concentric layers of 2-line or 6-line ferrihydrite, with small spherical features being observed on the outside of the AFBs and within the cross-sections. The spherical components are of a similar size to Fe-rich inclusions found within macrophages from mice injected with asbestos fibres in a previous study. As such, the spherical components composing the AFBs may result from the deposition of Fe-rich inclusions during frustrated phagocytosis. The AFBs were also variable in terms of their Fe, P and Ca abundances, with some layers recording higher Fe concentrations (dense layers), whilst others lower Fe concentrations (porous layers). Furthermore, smokers were found to have smaller and overall denser AFBs than non-smokers.
Conclusions　The AFBs of smokers and non-smokers show differences in their morphology, indicating they grew in lung environments that experienced disparate conditions. Both the asbestos fibres of smokers and non-smokers were likely subjected to frustrated phagocytosis and accreted mucopolysaccharides, resulting in Fe accumulation and AFB formation. However, smokers' AFBs experienced a more uniform Fe-supply within the lung environment compared to non-smokers, likely due to Fe complexation from cigarette smoke, yielding denser, smaller and more Fe-rich AFBs. Moreover, the lack of any non-ferrihydrite Fe phases in the AFBs may indicate that the ferritin shell was intact, and that ROS may not be the main driver for the onset of MM. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AvramescuMaya-Liliana en-aut-sei=Avramescu en-aut-mei=Maya-Liliana kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=PotiszilChristian en-aut-sei=Potiszil en-aut-mei=Christian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KunihiroTak en-aut-sei=Kunihiro en-aut-mei=Tak kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkabeKazunori en-aut-sei=Okabe en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraEizo en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Eizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Bell Land General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry, Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Asbestos fibre kn-keyword=Asbestos fibre en-keyword=Asbestos body kn-keyword=Asbestos body en-keyword=Malignant mesothelioma kn-keyword=Malignant mesothelioma en-keyword=Asbestos body internal morphology kn-keyword=Asbestos body internal morphology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=e273 end-page=e278 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202302 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effectivity of the Outside-In Pie-Crusting Technique and an All-Inside Meniscal Repair Device in the Repair of Ramp Lesions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Ramp lesions are characteristic medial meniscus injuries seen in anterior cruciate ligament-injured knees. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries combined with ramp lesions increase the amount of anterior tibial translation and tibial external rotation. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of ramp lesions have received increasing attention. However, ramp lesions can be difficult to diagnose on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Additionally, ramp lesions are difficult to observe and treat intraoperatively in the posteromedial compartment. Although good results have been reported with the use of a suture hook through the posteromedial portal in the treatment of ramp lesions, the complexity and difficulty of the technique are further problems. The outside-in pie-crusting technique is a simple procedure that can enlarge the medial compartment and facilitate the observation and repair of ramp lesions. After this technique, ramp lesions can be properly sutured, using an all-inside meniscal repair device, without damaging the surrounding cartilage. A combination of the outside-in pie-crusting technique and an all-inside meniscal repair device (with only anterior portals) is effective in the repair of ramp lesions. This Technical Note aims to report in detail the flow of a series of techniques, including our diagnostic and therapeutic methods. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawadaKoki en-aut-sei=Kawada en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurumatsuTakayuki en-aut-sei=Furumatsu en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamuraMasanori en-aut-sei=Tamura en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=XueHaowei en-aut-sei=Xue en-aut-mei=Haowei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashiharaNaohiro en-aut-sei=Higashihara en-aut-mei=Naohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KintakaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kintaka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokoyamaYusuke en-aut-sei=Yokoyama en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=77 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=121 end-page=129 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=202304 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Complications of Percutaneous Cryoablation for Renal Tumors and Methods for Avoiding Them en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Percutaneous cryoablation of renal tumors is widely used because of its high efficacy and safety. This high safety can be attributed, at least in part, to the visibility of the ablated area as an “ice ball”. This therapy has fewer complications (incidence, 0-7.2%) and is less invasive than surgery. Minor bleeding is inevitable in most kidney-related procedures, and indeed the most common complication of this therapy is bleeding (hematoma and hematuria). However, patients require treatment such as transfusion or transarterial embolization in only 0-4% of bleeding cases. Various other complications such as ureteral or collecting system injury, bowel injury, nerve injury, skin injury, infection, pneumothorax, and tract seeding also occur, but they are usually minor and asymptomatic. However, operators should know and avoid the various complications associated with this therapy. This study aimed to summarize the complications of percutaneous cryoablation for renal tumors and provide some techniques for achieving safe procedures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiYusuke en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomitaKoji en-aut-sei=Tomita en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UkaMayu en-aut-sei=Uka en-aut-mei=Mayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmakoshiNoriyuki en-aut-sei=Umakoshi en-aut-mei=Noriyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawabataTakahiro en-aut-sei=Kawabata en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunetomoKazuaki en-aut-sei=Munetomo en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagataShoma en-aut-sei=Nagata en-aut-mei=Shoma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=cryosurgery kn-keyword=cryosurgery en-keyword=kidney neoplasms kn-keyword=kidney neoplasms en-keyword=carcinoma kn-keyword=carcinoma en-keyword=renal cell kn-keyword=renal cell en-keyword=complication kn-keyword=complication END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=17 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230221 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Thrombocytopenia, anasarca, and renal insufficiency as severe and rare complications of Hodgkin lymphoma: a case report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=BackgroundPatients with Hodgkin lymphoma exhibit various clinical presentations. Needle biopsy of the lymph nodes is a minimally invasive procedure and a useful diagnostic method for malignant lymphomas. However, at times it is difficult to differentiate malignant lymphomas from reactive lymph node changes using a small amount of biopsy material.Case presentationA 77-year-old Japanese man was referred to the emergency department of our hospital owing to high fever and disturbance of consciousness. We diagnosed sepsis due to an acute biliary tract infection because he presented with Charcot's triad-fever, jaundice, and right-sided abdominal pain. However, he did not respond well to antimicrobial therapy and his high fever persisted. Considering the swelling of the right cervical, mediastinal, and intraperitoneal lymph nodes and splenomegaly detected on computed tomography, a differential diagnosis of malignant lymphoma was needed. Hence, we performed a needle biopsy of the right cervical lymph node; however, the amount of sample obtained was insufficient in establishing a definitive diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. Furthermore, during hospitalization, the patient developed thrombocytopenia, anasarca, and renal insufficiency. These symptoms seemed to be the typical signs of the thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis or renal insufficiency, and organomegaly syndrome. Next, an external incisional mass biopsy of the right cervical lymph node was performed, which helped identify Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells. Collectively, we established a definitive diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma with lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome.ConclusionsThis case highlights the importance of performing an external incisional mass biopsy of the lymph nodes for the early diagnosis and treatment, if malignant lymphoma is strongly suspected. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KikuchiTatsuya en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaYoshinori en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchimuraKouichi en-aut-sei=Ichimura en-aut-mei=Kouichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkamotoRyoichi en-aut-sei=Okamoto en-aut-mei=Ryoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Hematology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pathology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Hodgkin lymphoma kn-keyword=Hodgkin lymphoma en-keyword=Hemophagocytic syndrome kn-keyword=Hemophagocytic syndrome en-keyword=TAFRO syndrome kn-keyword=TAFRO syndrome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=134 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=22 end-page=27 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220401 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Developing a scale to measure nurses' difficulty related to the treatment of gender dysphoric patients kn-title=看護師の性別違和への関わりにくさについての尺度作成 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　This study aimed to develop a scale to measure the perceived difficulty experienced by nurses in treating and caring for patients diagnosed with gender dysphoria and examine its reliability and validity. We developed a 26-item preliminary scale through discussions with experts in gender dysphoria treatment. We administered a questionnaire including this scale to 1,010 nurses working at Okayama University Hospital and analyzed the data of 346 nurses who had been involved in the treatment of gender dysphoria and had no missing responses.
　A total of 20 items consisting of two factors, “relationship building” and “negative emotion for gender dysphoria,” were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and we used them in the final version of the scale. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the entire scale was 0.879, indicating a high degree of internal consistency.
　However, the correlations with a communication skills scale (ENDCOREs) and the Scale of Gender Conception were limited, and the external validity could not be proven. This scale may be useful for evaluating nursing practice and educational support for nurses; however, there is room for further study on the scale validation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyakeMaki en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Maki kn-aut-name=三宅麻希 kn-aut-sei=三宅 kn-aut-mei=麻希 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OshimaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name=大島義孝 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=義孝 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NambaShihoko en-aut-sei=Namba en-aut-mei=Shihoko kn-aut-name=難波志穂子 kn-aut-sei=難波 kn-aut-mei=志穂子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoYosuke en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name=松本洋輔 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=洋輔 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriuchiMakiko en-aut-sei=Horiuchi en-aut-mei=Makiko kn-aut-name=堀内真希子 kn-aut-sei=堀内 kn-aut-mei=真希子 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaNorihito en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Norihito kn-aut-name=山田了士 kn-aut-sei=山田 kn-aut-mei=了士 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Nursing, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil=岡山大学病院　看護部 affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil=岡山大学病院　精神科神経科 affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil=岡山大学病院　新医療研究開発センター affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gender Center, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil=岡山大学病院　ジェンダーセンター affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Medical Support, Clinical Psychology section, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil=岡山大学病院　医療技術部　臨床心理部門 affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil=岡山大学学術研究院医歯薬学域　精神神経病態学 en-keyword=性別違和 (gender dysphoria) kn-keyword=性別違和 (gender dysphoria) en-keyword=関わりにくさ (difficulty in relating) kn-keyword=関わりにくさ (difficulty in relating) en-keyword=コミュニケーション (communication) kn-keyword=コミュニケーション (communication) en-keyword=性差観 (gender conception) kn-keyword=性差観 (gender conception) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2023 dt-pub=20230325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=“Heritagization” and Boundary Politics of Traditional Textiles: A case of Indonesia kn-title=伝統染織の「遺産化」と境界のポリティクス　―インドネシアの事例から― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper focuses on the process of "heritagization" within nation-states, which runs parallel to the global heritage regime initiated by UNESCO. Involved in this process of heritagization are multiple actors with competing political and economic interests, and the formation of collective identities both internally and externally. Indonesia, the subject of this paper, is a country where a central government-led cultural policy has been pushed forward in the process of national integration. After the end of the "New Order" regime of the second President Suharto, which embodied this vision immediately after independence and permeated the nation to its very core, local cultural practices became a new tool for asserting the uniqueness of regions separated by certain boundaries, as a competition among provinces and regions accelerated with the decentralization of power. At the same time, however, such cultural practices stimulated a process in which traditional region-specific crafts became an easily consumable resource.
The act of listing cultures within the framework of a heritage regime means that some cultural expression is lifted out of their original context and made visible alongside other cultural expressions. As a result, local cultural practices are elevated to a higher context and made visible, thus becoming objects of consumption beyond the local framework. The boundaries that enclose the cultural elements being listed are elastic and contractible, which is why consumption based on these cultural events is possible on a wider scale. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NAKATANIAyami en-aut-sei=NAKATANI en-aut-mei=Ayami kn-aut-name=中谷文美 kn-aut-sei=中谷 kn-aut-mei=文美 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for the Dynamics of Civilizations, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=heritage kn-keyword=heritage en-keyword=traditional textiles kn-keyword=traditional textiles en-keyword=West Timor kn-keyword=West Timor en-keyword=Indonesia kn-keyword=Indonesia en-keyword=listing kn-keyword=listing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=54 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20221125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Reconsideration of Household Consumption Research in Consumer Behavior Research: Relationship between the Growth of Externalized Household Market and Wives’ Labor Participation kn-title=消費者行動研究における世帯消費に関する研究の再検討 －家事の外部化市場の伸長と共働き化の関係に関する考察－ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study looks back on early household consumption research in consumer behavior research and summarizes the challenges in considering the growth of externalized household market. This study shows that the effect of dualearner household to the externalization of household has not been necessarily identifi ed robustly, while the effects of income and life cycle have been identifi ed robustly. The study shows that it is necessary to control the effects of income and lifecycle to understand the effect of dual-earner household to the growth of externalized household market, and it is important to focus on the meanings given to time-saving products in consumption process. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HidakaYuichiro en-aut-sei=Hidaka en-aut-mei=Yuichiro kn-aut-name=日高優一郎 kn-aut-sei=日高 kn-aut-mei=優一郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=679 end-page=688 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Efficacy and Safety of Three-dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy for Macroscopic Vascular Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Chemotherapy is insufficient to treat macroscopic vascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We retrospectively investigated the treatment outcomes of patients who underwent three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) for HCC MVI and analyzed prognostic factors by multivariate analysis using a Cox proportional hazard model. Sixty-five patients were studied. MVI sites were the portal vein (n=48 patients), portal and hepatic veins (n=8), and hepatic vein (n=9). The median irradiation dose was 50 Gy. The median survival time (MST) was 7.5 months. Performance status 2 or 3, modified albumin-bilirubin grade 2b or 3, and massive/diffuse type were poor prognostic factors. Nineteen patients (29%) with a treatment effect of 3 or 4 (≥ 50% of tumor necrosis or regression) at the irradiation sites according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Cancer of the Liver showed longer survival than those with an effect of 1 or 2 (MST 18.7 vs. 5.9 months, p<0.001). No treatment-related death occurred. The hepatic function reserve was preserved in more than 70% of patients. 3D-CRT controlled HCC MVI safely and was suggested to be a good treatment option. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsagiAkinori en-aut-sei=Asagi en-aut-mei=Akinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaguchiChihiro en-aut-sei=Sakaguchi en-aut-mei=Chihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NadanoSeijin en-aut-sei=Nadano en-aut-mei=Seijin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishinaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Nishina en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HamamotoYasushi en-aut-sei=Hamamoto en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaMasaaki en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamashitaNatsumi en-aut-sei=Yamashita en-aut-mei=Natsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimizuMasahito en-aut-sei=Tanimizu en-aut-mei=Masahito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=HyodoIchinosuke en-aut-sei=Hyodo en-aut-mei=Ichinosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiation Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Saiseikai Imabari Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center kn-affil= en-keyword=hepatocellular carcinoma kn-keyword=hepatocellular carcinoma en-keyword=macroscopic vascular invasion kn-keyword=macroscopic vascular invasion en-keyword=portal vein tumor thrombosis kn-keyword=portal vein tumor thrombosis en-keyword=hepatic vein tumor thrombosis kn-keyword=hepatic vein tumor thrombosis en-keyword=three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy kn-keyword=three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=557 end-page=564 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Correlation between Mean Arterial Pressure and Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation on Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Some pediatric cardiac patients might experience low regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) during surgery. We investigated whether a pediatric patient’s mean arterial pressure (MAP) can affect the rSO2 value during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We retrospectively analyzed the cases of the pediatric patients who underwentcardiac surgery at our hospital (Jan. –Dec. 2019; n=141). At each MAP stage, we constructed line charts through the mean of the rSO2 values corresponding to each MAP and then calculated the correlation coefficients. We next divided the patients into age subgroups (neonates, infants, children) and into cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) and acyanotic CHD groups and analyzed these groups in the same way. The analyses of all 141 patients revealed that during CPB the rSO2 value increased with an increase in MAP (r=0.1626). There was a correlation between rSO2 and MAP in the children (r=0.2720) but not in the neonates (r=0.06626) or infants (r=0.05260). Cyanotic CHD or acyanotic CHD did not have a significant effect on the rSO2/MAP correlation. Our analysis demonstrated different patterns of a correlation between MAP and rSO2 in pediatric cardiac surgery patients, depending on age. MAP was positively correlated with rSO2 typically in children but not in neonate or infant patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PanYu en-aut-sei=Pan en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SongQingqing en-aut-sei=Song en-aut-mei=Qingqing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanazawaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorimatsuHiroshi en-aut-sei=Morimatsu en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=mean arterial pressure kn-keyword=mean arterial pressure en-keyword=cerebral oxygen saturation kn-keyword=cerebral oxygen saturation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=5 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=2021326 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Energizing Communities Through Partnerships With E en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study aims to specify the contextual conditions that allow for the success of community renewable energy projects, against the background of the expanding use of renewable energy. It analyzes cases where farmers invested in organizations to establish ownership of hydropower plants in the Chugoku region, Japan. Community renewable energy projects derived from local initiatives to provide an alternative energy resource and serve as a catalyst for rural development. However, the costs of small hydropower plant construction and the expert knowledge required for their operation could hinder the diffusion of the technology. Population decline and aging in rural communities also constrain the development of community renewable energy projects. This study presents cases that illuminate the conditions enabling these organizations to succeed in securing the necessary resources for the operation of their renewable energy plants. The survey illustrates how studied organizations have opted to collaborate with external actors to construct or refurbish their plants. The findings indicate that as building partnerships with external actors often becomes essential, it is vital to develop a business-minded framework in which both communities and external actors can financially benefit from introducing small hydropower projects. The cases also reveal that in building collaborative relationships, broad disparities exist between communities and external actors in financial power and expert knowledge, which give the latter substantial advantages in negotiations. An additional important claim derived is that, for an effective partnership that enables a successful community renewable energy project, a third party with expert knowledge and the ability to audit partnership-building processes could play a crucial role in securing community initiatives and independence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HondaYasuko en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Yasuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword= Community renewable energy kn-keyword= Community renewable energy en-keyword=rural community kn-keyword=rural community en-keyword=local initiative kn-keyword=local initiative en-keyword= Japan Agricultural Cooperatives kn-keyword= Japan Agricultural Cooperatives en-keyword=energy cooperative kn-keyword=energy cooperative END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=17 article-no= start-page=6436 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220826 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Design and Implementation of SEMAR IoT Server Platform with Applications en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nowadays, rapid developments of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have increased possibilities of realizing smart cities where collaborations and integrations of various IoT application systems are essential. However, IoT application systems have often been designed and deployed independently without considering the standards of devices, logics, and data communications. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of the IoT server platform called Smart Environmental Monitoring and Analytical in Real-Time (SEMAR) for integrating IoT application systems using standards. SEMAR offers Big Data environments with built-in functions for data aggregations, synchronizations, and classifications with machine learning. Moreover, plug-in functions can be easily implemented. Data from devices for different sensors can be accepted directly and through network connections, which will be used in real-time for user interfaces, text files, and access to other systems through Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface (REST API) services. For evaluations of SEMAR, we implemented the platform and integrated five IoT application systems, namely, the air-conditioning guidance system, the fingerprint-based indoor localization system, the water quality monitoring system, the environment monitoring system, and the air quality monitoring system. When compared with existing research on IoT platforms, the proposed SEMAR IoT application server platform offers higher flexibility and interoperability with the functions for IoT device managements, data communications, decision making, synchronizations, and filters that can be easily integrated with external programs or IoT applications without changing the codes. The results confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposal. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=PandumanYohanes Yohanie Fridelin en-aut-sei=Panduman en-aut-mei=Yohanes Yohanie Fridelin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FunabikiNobuo en-aut-sei=Funabiki en-aut-mei=Nobuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=PuspitaningayuPradini en-aut-sei=Puspitaningayu en-aut-mei=Pradini kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuribayashiMinoru en-aut-sei=Kuribayashi en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SukaridhotoSritrusta en-aut-sei=Sukaridhoto en-aut-mei=Sritrusta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaoWen-Chung en-aut-sei=Kao en-aut-mei=Wen-Chung kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Informatic and Computer, Politeknik Elektronika Negeri Surabaya kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University kn-affil= en-keyword=Internet of Things kn-keyword=Internet of Things en-keyword=server platform kn-keyword=server platform en-keyword=SEMAR kn-keyword=SEMAR en-keyword=IoT application system kn-keyword=IoT application system en-keyword=sensor kn-keyword=sensor en-keyword=MQTT kn-keyword=MQTT en-keyword=REST API kn-keyword=REST API END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=1255 end-page=1262 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220520 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Medial meniscus posterior root repair influences sagittal length and coronal inclination of the anterior cruciate ligament: a retrospective study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose　Medial meniscus (MM) posterior root tears (PRTs) lead to abnormal kinematic changes in the knee and may induce pathological external rotation of the tibia during knee flexion. This study aimed to investigate changes in the length and inclination of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) after MM posterior root repair using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods　This retrospective study included 44 patients who underwent MM posterior root repair between 2016 and 2019. Clinical outcomes were evaluated before and after surgery. MRI examinations were performed at 10 degrees/90 degrees of knee flexion preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. The ACL length, proximal angle, and distal angle were determined using the sagittal view. MM extrusion and ACL inclination angle were determined using the coronal view.
Results　Clinical outcomes significantly improved 1 year after surgery. The postoperative ACL length (29.7 +/- 2.4 mm) and proximal angle (47.0 +/- 7.4 degrees) at 90 degrees of knee flexion decreased relative to the preoperative values (31.5 +/- 2.3 mm and 51.8 +/- 8.7 degrees, P < 0.01). The postoperative ACL inclination (64.9 +/- 5.6 degrees) at 10 degrees of knee flexion decreased relative to the preoperative value (69.7 +/- 5.6 degrees, P < 0.01).
Conclusion　Pathologically-stretched linear ACL at 90 degrees of knee flexion and a steep ACL inclination at 10 degrees of knee flexion could be reduced after MM posterior root repair. This suggests that pullout repair could restore MM function as a secondary stabilizer, thereby preventing meniscal and cartilage degeneration. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurumatsuTakayuki en-aut-sei=Furumatsu en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KodamaYuya en-aut-sei=Kodama en-aut-mei=Yuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiranakaTakaaki en-aut-sei=Hiranaka en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KintakaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kintaka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamatsukiYusuke en-aut-sei=Kamatsuki en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Anterior cruciate ligament kn-keyword=Anterior cruciate ligament en-keyword=Coronal inclination kn-keyword=Coronal inclination en-keyword=Knee kinematics kn-keyword=Knee kinematics en-keyword=Magnetic resonance imaging kn-keyword=Magnetic resonance imaging en-keyword=Medial meniscus kn-keyword=Medial meniscus en-keyword=Posterior root tear kn-keyword=Posterior root tear END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=978 end-page=981 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in an adult patient with Netherton's syndrome: A case report en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Netherton's syndrome, a rare congenital disorder, is clinically characterized by chronic dermatologic disorders such as ichthyosiform erythroderma and ichthyosis linearis circumflexa. Curable treatment is yet to be established, and corticosteroid ointment is required to maintain good dermatological condition. Because of the permanent skin barrier impairment, patients with Netherton's syndrome are considered to be vulnerable to cutaneous infections. However, its clinical characteristics are yet to be elucidated due to the limited number of reported cases. Herein, we describe the clinical course of a patient who developed persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. A 19-year-old Japanese woman who had been diagnosed with Netherton's syndrome in her infancy and had been applying topical corticosteroid agents all over her body since her then, was referred to our hospital because of persistent MRSA bacteremia and secondary adrenal insufficiency. The patient was diagnosed with a central line-associated bloodstream infection and was appropriately treated with antibiotics and corticosteroid therapies. We assume that the damaged skin barrier due to the congenital dermatological disorder causes a disruption in the normal bacterial flora of the skin, leading to the invasion of harmful bacteria, such as S. aureus. In addition, internal (humoral immunodeficiency by decreased antibody against bacterial polysaccharide antigens) and external (prolonged and systemic use of corticosteroid ointment) factors bring about an immunodeficiency state in such patients. We highlight that in the absence of radical treatment, clinicians need to recognize that patients with Netherton's syndrome are vulnerable to bacterial infections owing to the mixture of immunosuppressive factors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakahashiMisa en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Misa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagiyaHideharu en-aut-sei=Hagiya en-aut-mei=Hideharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaShuichi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKoichiro en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HondaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Honda en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HasegawaKou en-aut-sei=Hasegawa en-aut-mei=Kou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaFumio en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Fumio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=76 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=265 end-page=271 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202206 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Impact of Medical Students Teaching Basic Life Support to Laypersons en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Basic life support (BLS) courses for laypersons, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training, is known to improve outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac events. We asked medical students to provide BLS training for laypersons as a part of their emergency medicine education and evaluated the effects of training on the BLS skills of laypersons. We also used a questionnaire to determine whether the medical students who provided the BLS training were themselves more confident and motivated to perform BLS compared to students who did not provide BLS training. The proportions of laypersons who reported confidence in checking for a response, performing chest compressions, and automated external defibrillator (AED) use were significantly increased after the BLS training. The proportions of medical students who reported increased confidence/motivation in terms of understanding BLS, checking for a response, chest compression, use of AED, and willingness to perform BLS were significantly greater among medical students who provided BLS instructions compared to those who did not. BLS instruction by medical students was associated with an improvement in laypersons’ CPR accuracy and confidence in responding to cardiac arrest. The results indicate that medical students could gain understanding, confidence, and motivation in regard to their BLS skills by teaching BLS to laypersons. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KosakiYoshinori en-aut-sei=Kosaki en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaitoHiromichi en-aut-sei=Naito en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaAtsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Atsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IhoriyaHiromi en-aut-sei=Ihoriya en-aut-mei=Hiromi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojimaTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Nojima en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaTaihei en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Taihei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoHirotsugu en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotsugu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraShunsuke en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MandaiYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Mandai en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakaoAtsunori en-aut-sei=Nakao en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, The JIKEI University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Emergency, Critical Care, and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=BLS kn-keyword=BLS en-keyword=medical education kn-keyword=medical education en-keyword=emergency medicine kn-keyword=emergency medicine en-keyword=resuscitation kn-keyword=resuscitation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=58 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=124 end-page=136 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=202211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Managements of sleep bruxism in adult: A systematic review en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This systematic review aimed to update the management of sleep bruxism (SB) in adults, as diagnosed using polysomnography (PSG) and/or electromyography (EMG). Management methods covered were oral appliance therapy (OAT) with stabilization splints, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), biofeedback therapy (BFT), and pharmacological therapy. A comprehensive search was conducted on MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science up to October 1st, 2021. Reference list searches and hand searches were also performed by an external organization. Two reviewers for each therapy independently performed article selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. The reviewers resolved any disagreements concerning the assortment of the articles by discussion. Finally, 11, 3, 14, and 22 articles were selected for each therapy. The results suggested that OAT tended to reduce the number of SB events, although there was no significant difference compared to other types of splints, that the potential benefits of CBT were not well supported, and that BFT, rabeprazole, clonazepam, clonidine, and botulinum toxin type A injection showed significant reductions in specific SB parameters, although several side effects were reported. It can be concluded that more methodologically rigorous randomized large-sample long-term follow-up clinical trials are needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of management for SB. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MinakuchiHajime en-aut-sei=Minakuchi en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujisawaMasanori en-aut-sei=Fujisawa en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeYuka en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IidaTakashi en-aut-sei=Iida en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkiKyosuke en-aut-sei=Oki en-aut-mei=Kyosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuraKazuo en-aut-sei=Okura en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeNorimasa en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Norimasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaAkira en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative & Biomaterials Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Showa University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Oral Function and Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, School of Dentistry, Iwate Medical University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=General Dentistry, Comprehensive Patient Care, Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University kn-affil= en-keyword=Sleep bruxism kn-keyword=Sleep bruxism en-keyword=Management kn-keyword=Management en-keyword=Systematic review kn-keyword=Systematic review en-keyword=Oral appliances kn-keyword=Oral appliances en-keyword=Biofeedback therapy kn-keyword=Biofeedback therapy en-keyword=Cognitive-behavioral therapy kn-keyword=Cognitive-behavioral therapy en-keyword=Pharmacological therapy kn-keyword=Pharmacological therapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=375 end-page=386 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2022 dt-pub=20220330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Unstable Experience Worlds of School-aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders ―Review the Notes of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders kn-title=学齢期の自閉症スペクトラム児における不安定な経験世界 ―自閉症スペクトラムのある子どもの当事者手記の分析から― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Teachers have difficulty in understanding of and teaching to the problem behaviors which students with developmental disabilities show at school. Teachers struggle with their students' behaviors, however students with developmental disabilities themselves also really get into trouble. Behind the troubles of social communication and strong persistence in autism students, they have unique perceptions and cognitions of the events inside and outside the body. In this study, we call them "unstable experience worlds". To examine the unstable experience worlds of autism students at school, we reviewed the notes and books written by the students with autism. The results showed that the 11 items, such as “external perception” and“ vision”, were suggested. The findings provided that it was important for teachers to understand the autism students’ unstable experience world s and adjust the environ mental factors that brings difficulties. kn-abstract=学校現場において、教員が発達障害児の言動に対する理解や対応に困難さを感じている現状がある。一方で、その問題の背景には、発達障害児自身が困難に感じている状況もある。特に自閉症スペクトラムに関しては、表面的に現れやすいコミュニケーションの問題やこだわりの強さ等の背景に、外からでは気づかれにくい特有の感じ方や捉え方(不安定な経験世界)があると考えられる。本研究では、学校生活で生じる可能性のある自閉症スペクトラム児が抱える不安定な経験世界とは何かを明らかにするため、学齢期の自閉症スペクトラム当事者手記を分析した。その結果、「外からの刺激を捉える感覚」、「物の見え方」等の特有の感じ方や捉え方が11 のカテゴリーに整理された。本研究の結果から、自閉症スペクトラム児が安心して学校生活を送るためには、教員による不安定な経験世界への理解、その理解に応じた環境調整によって困難さを軽減することが重要であると考察した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugawaraYuuka en-aut-sei=Sugawara en-aut-mei=Yuuka kn-aut-name=菅原結香 kn-aut-sei=菅原 kn-aut-mei=結香 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanjiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Tanji en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name=丹治敬之 kn-aut-sei=丹治 kn-aut-mei=敬之 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=bambin inc. kn-affil=株式会社 ばんばん affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=自閉症スペクトラム(Autism Spectrum Disorders) kn-keyword=自閉症スペクトラム(Autism Spectrum Disorders) en-keyword=学齢期(School-aged Children) kn-keyword=学齢期(School-aged Children) en-keyword=不安定な経験世界(Unstable Experience Worlds) kn-keyword=不安定な経験世界(Unstable Experience Worlds) en-keyword=当事者手記(Notes and books writ ten by Tojisya) kn-keyword=当事者手記(Notes and books writ ten by Tojisya) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=17 article-no= start-page=9180 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210825 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Immunoelectron Microscopic Characterization of Vasopressin-Producing Neurons in the Hypothalamo-Pituitary Axis of Non-Human Primates by Use of Formaldehyde-Fixed Tissues Stored at-25 degrees C for Several Years en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Translational research often requires the testing of experimental therapies in primates, but research in non-human primates is now stringently controlled by law around the world. Tissues fixed in formaldehyde without glutaraldehyde have been thought to be inappropriate for use in electron microscopic analysis, particularly those of the brain. Here we report the immunoelectron microscopic characterization of arginine vasopressin (AVP)-producing neurons in macaque hypothalamo-pituitary axis tissues fixed by perfusion with 4% formaldehyde and stored at -25 degrees C for several years (4-6 years). The size difference of dense-cored vesicles between magnocellular and parvocellular AVP neurons was detectable in their cell bodies and perivascular nerve endings located, respectively, in the posterior pituitary and median eminence. Furthermore, glutamate and the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 could be colocalized with AVP in perivascular nerve endings of both the posterior pituitary and the external layer of the median eminence, suggesting that both magnocellular and parvocellular AVP neurons are glutamatergic in primates. Both ultrastructure and immunoreactivity can therefore be sufficiently preserved in macaque brain tissues stored long-term, initially for light microscopy. Taken together, these results suggest that this methodology could be applied to the human post-mortem brain and be very useful in translational research. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtuboAkito en-aut-sei=Otubo en-aut-mei=Akito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaejimaSho en-aut-sei=Maejima en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtiTakumi en-aut-sei=Oti en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohKeita en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaYasumasa en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Yasumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorrisJohn F. en-aut-sei=Morris en-aut-mei=John F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoHirotaka en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=vasopressin kn-keyword=vasopressin en-keyword=corticotrophin-releasing factor kn-keyword=corticotrophin-releasing factor en-keyword=glutamate kn-keyword=glutamate en-keyword=paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus kn-keyword=paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus en-keyword=Japanese macaque monkey kn-keyword=Japanese macaque monkey en-keyword=post-embedding immunoelectron microscopy kn-keyword=post-embedding immunoelectron microscopy en-keyword=dense-cored neurosecretory vesicle kn-keyword=dense-cored neurosecretory vesicle END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=1491 end-page=1498 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210705 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Postoperative external tibial rotation is correlated with inferior meniscal healing following pullout repair of a medial meniscus posterior root tear en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of tibial rotation on the postoperative healing status of the medial meniscus (MM) following pullout repair of MM posterior root tear (MMPRT).

Methods: Ninety-one patients (68 women and 23 men, mean age: 63.3 ± 8.8 years) who had undergone transtibial pullout repair of MMPRT were enrolled in the study. The tibial external rotation angle (ERA) in each patient was measured postoperatively using computed tomography in the extended knee position. The meniscal healing status following transtibial pullout repair was assessed by second-look arthroscopy (mean postoperative period: 12 months) using a previously published scoring system (range 0–10). The association between ERA and meniscal healing score was investigated using univariate linear regression models. The ERA cut-off for improved meniscal healing score (≥ 7) was determined using receiver-operating characteristic analysis.

Results: The ERA and meniscal healing score were significantly associated, this confirming increased ERAs to be correlated with worse meniscal healing status (R = -0.28; P < 0.001). The optimum ERA cut-off was 0.69º, with a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 66%. The mean meniscal healing score was 7.2 among patients with an ERA of < 0.69º, and 6.1 among patients with an ERA of ≥ 0.69º (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that ERA was significantly correlated with postoperative meniscal healing status. Postoperative tibial rotation could be one of the causes affecting postoperative outcomes of pullout repair of MMPRT. Surgeons should consider some protective strategies for the repaired meniscus in patients with large postoperative tibial external rotation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiranakaTakaaki en-aut-sei=Hiranaka en-aut-mei=Takaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurumatsuTakayuki en-aut-sei=Furumatsu en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkazakiYuki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KintakaKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kintaka en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamatsukiYusuke en-aut-sei=Kamatsuki en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhangXiming en-aut-sei=Zhang en-aut-mei=Ximing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=XueHaowei en-aut-sei=Xue en-aut-mei=Haowei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kousei Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kochi Health Sciences Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Medial meniscus kn-keyword=Medial meniscus en-keyword=Posterior root tear kn-keyword=Posterior root tear en-keyword=Pullout repair kn-keyword=Pullout repair en-keyword=Tibial rotation kn-keyword=Tibial rotation en-keyword=Sensitivity and specificity kn-keyword=Sensitivity and specificity en-keyword=Meniscal healing kn-keyword=Meniscal healing END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=20210623 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Prostate Cancer Detected by Choroidal Tumor and Complete Response to Hormonal Therapy: Case Report and Literature Review of 24 Patients With Choroidal Metastasis From Prostate Cancer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Metastatic choroidal tumors derived from prostate cancer are rare. In this study, we report a patient who manifested a choroidal tumor as the initial presenting sign of prostate cancer and review 23 patients with choroidal metastasis of prostate cancer in the literature to answer a clinical question how the choroidal metastases would respond to hormonal therapy. A 73-year-old man presented with a choroidal tumor in the right eye. He was in good health and had no previous history except for current hemodialysis in 3 years due to chronic renal failure as a sequel to glomerulonephritis. With the diagnosis of a probable metastatic tumor, positron emission tomography was performed to disclose high-uptake sites in multiple bones, lymph nodes, and the prostate, together with multiple nodular lesions in bilateral lungs on computed tomography (CT) scan. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was elevated to 541 ng/mL, which supported prostate cancer as the primary site. He had degarelix injection, and the choroidal tumor resolved rapidly and became flat degeneration in a month. Prostate biopsy showed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, and he underwent surgical castration. He had no medication until 3 years later when he showed gradual increase of serum PSA up to 6.05 ng/mL and multiple bony metastases on CT scan. Bicalutamide, switched to enzalutamide and then to abiraterone, led to the undetectable level of serum PSA until the last visit with no relapse of the choroidal metastasis, 6.8 years after the initial visit. In the literature review of 24 patients with choroidal metastasis of prostate cancer, including this patient, 8 patients presented a choroidal tumor as the initial sign and the choroidal lesions mostly showed complete response to hormonal therapy. Among 13 patients who were frequently in the course of hormonal therapy, choroidal metastases showed complete or partial response to external beam radiation to the eye in 11 patients and episcleral plaque radiotherapy in 2 patients. In conclusion, metastatic choroidal tumors of prostate cancer would show good response to hormonal therapy when the therapy has not been initiated. Hormone-resistant choroidal metastases in the therapeutic course of prostate cancer could be managed successfully by external beam radiation to the eye. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaTakehiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraAya en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Aya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Okayama University, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Urology, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=5Urology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=prostate cancer kn-keyword=prostate cancer en-keyword=choroidal/uveal tumor kn-keyword=choroidal/uveal tumor en-keyword=choroidal/uveal metastasis kn-keyword=choroidal/uveal metastasis en-keyword=radiation kn-keyword=radiation en-keyword=surgical castration kn-keyword=surgical castration en-keyword=complete remission kn-keyword=complete remission en-keyword=hormonal therapy kn-keyword=hormonal therapy en-keyword=literature review kn-keyword=literature review en-keyword=prostate-specific antigen kn-keyword=prostate-specific antigen en-keyword=PSA kn-keyword=PSA en-keyword=positron emission tomography kn-keyword=positron emission tomography en-keyword=PET kn-keyword=PET END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=187 end-page=197 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Multiacquisition Variable-Resonance Image Combination Selective Can Improve Image Quality and Reproducibility for Metallic Implants in the Lumbar Spine en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this study is to evaluate how metallic artifacts in the lumbar spine can affect images obtained from magnetic resonance (MR) sequences. We performed a phantom experiment by scanning an agar containing an orthopedic metallic implant using 64-channel multidetector row computed tomography (CT) and a 3-tesla MR unit. We compared the reproducibility in each measurement, enlargement or reduction ratio of the CT and MR measurements, and signal deviation in each voxel from the control. The reproducibility on CT and multiacquisition variable-resonance image combination selective (MAVRIC SL) was good, but that on the other MR sequences showed either fixed bias or proportional bias. The reduction ratios of the distance between the nails were significantly smaller in MAVRIC SL than in the other MR sequences after CT measurements (p<0.001, respectively). MAVRIC SL was able to reduce the metallic artifact, permitting observation of the tissue surrounding the metal with good reproducibility. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiwaraYuta en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Yuta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiTomoaki en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MutoYuki en-aut-sei=Muto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiranoMasaki en-aut-sei=Hirano en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamizakiRyo en-aut-sei=Kamizaki en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiKaito en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Kaito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraNaoya en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujibuchiYutaka en-aut-sei=Fujibuchi en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmukaiNayu en-aut-sei=Ohmukai en-aut-mei=Nayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaNao en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Nao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoKouhei en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Kouhei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamihoriuchiYoshiki en-aut-sei=Kamihoriuchi en-aut-mei=Yoshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiTomoko en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaneshigeSouichirou en-aut-sei=Kaneshige en-aut-mei=Souichirou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Clinical Radiology Service, Okayama Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Division of Clinical Radiology Service, Okayama Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Division of Clinical Radiology Service, Okayama Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Division of Clinical Radiology Service, Okayama Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama Central Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=metallic artifact reduction kn-keyword=metallic artifact reduction en-keyword=implant kn-keyword=implant en-keyword=MAVRIC SL kn-keyword=MAVRIC SL END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=14 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=143 end-page=149 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=2020 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Estimation of long-term external nutrient loading from watersheds to Lake Biwa by a combined rainfall-runoff model and loading-discharge curve approach en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=External nutrient loadings to Lake Biwa were estimated using a combined tank model and loading-discharge curve approach. The model was applied to collective drainage basins of the lake’s Imazu (northwest), Hikone (northeast), and Otsu (south) areas. The hourly model was conducted using particular discharges from Kita (Ado) river, Takatoki (Ane) river, and Yasu River to obtain loading curves for phosphate (PO4) and silica (SiO2) by assimilating measured concentrations (2002–2003). The tank model was updated by adding an evapotranspiration routine and direct paths of groundwater discharges to the lake floor. The daily model was calibrated through analysis of water budget among the basin, inflow, lake and outflow, and then validated. The model was established and combined into a loading-discharge curve to determine the long-term external nutrient loadings entering the lake (1980–2017). Seasonal variation in nutrient loadings increased during spring and summer and decreased during winter. Annual phosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P) loading ranged from 217 to 296 tons yr–1 in the North Basin and 45 to 76 tons yr–1 in the South Basin, while SiO2 loading fluctuated from 16,027 to 32,655 tons yr–1 and 2,518 to 5,490 tons yr–1 in the North and South Basins, respectively. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Le TienHuu en-aut-sei=Le Tien en-aut-mei=Huu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuboKenji en-aut-sei=Okubo en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Ho ThiPhuong en-aut-sei=Ho Thi en-aut-mei=Phuong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoMitsuyo en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Mitsuyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Technologies, Vinh University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=85 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Local Control of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix Treated with CT-based Three-dimensional Image-Guided Brachytherapy with or without Central Shielding en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purposes of this retrospective study were to analyze local control of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix treated with computed tomography (CT)-based image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT), as well as the factors affecting local control. A total of 39 patients were analyzed. The prescribed dose to the pelvis was 45-50 Gy with or without central shielding (CS). IGBT was delivered in 1-5 fractions. The total dose for high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV) was calculated as the biologically equivalent dose in 2-Gy fractions. The median follow-up period was 29.3 months. The 2-year overall survival and local control rates were 97% and 91%, respectively. In univariate analysis, the dose covering 90% of the HR-CTV (D90) and tumor size were found to be significant factors for local control. The cutoff values of tumor size and D90 for local control were 4.3 cm (area under the curve [AUC] 0.75) and 67.7 Gy (AUC 0.84) in the CS group and 5.3 cm (AUC 0.75) and 73.7 Gy (AUC 0.78) in the group without CS, respectively. However, though the local control of CT-based IGBT was favorable, the results suggested that the dose required for tumor control may differ depending on the presence of CS. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshioKotaro en-aut-sei=Yoshio en-aut-mei=Kotaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagasakaHisako en-aut-sei=Nagasaka en-aut-mei=Hisako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HisazumiKento en-aut-sei=Hisazumi en-aut-mei=Kento kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkawaHiro en-aut-sei=Okawa en-aut-mei=Hiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TajiriNobuhisa en-aut-sei=Tajiri en-aut-mei=Nobuhisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiodeTsuyoki en-aut-sei=Shiode en-aut-mei=Tsuyoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkakiShiro en-aut-sei=Akaki en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanazawaSusumu en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitomaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Mitoma en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanoYuri en-aut-sei=Yano en-aut-mei=Yuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiEmiko en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Emiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriguchiIkuyo en-aut-sei=Horiguchi en-aut-mei=Ikuyo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakataMasayo en-aut-sei=Takata en-aut-mei=Masayo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=HongoAtsushi en-aut-sei=Hongo en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=YonezawaMasaru en-aut-sei=Yonezawa en-aut-mei=Masaru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanishiYoshie en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Yoshie kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2, Kawasaki Medical School, General medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=cervical cancer kn-keyword=cervical cancer en-keyword=squamous cell cancer kn-keyword=squamous cell cancer en-keyword=brachytherapy kn-keyword=brachytherapy en-keyword=central shielding kn-keyword=central shielding END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=75 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202102 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bipolar Hip Arthroplasty Using a Conjoined Tendon-preserving Posterior Approach in Geriatric Patients en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA), it is important to preserve soft tissue to reduce the risk of postoperative dislocation. A variety of surgical approaches for BHA are available, but extra care is needed with muscle- and tendon-preserving approaches in geriatric patients. We investigated the usefulness of BHA using a conjoined tendon-preserving posterior (CPP) approach, in which only the external obturator muscle is dissected, in geri-atric patients. We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 40 femoral neck fracture patients (10 men, 30 women) aged ≥ 80 years who underwent BHA using the CPP approach. The patients’ average age was 85.8 years (80-94 years). We examined the operation time, bleeding, preservation of short external rotator muscles, complica-tions, and stem alignment and subsidence from postoperative radiographs. Although gemellus inferior muscle injury was detected in 4 patients (10%), the hip joint stability was very excellent in all cases. There was no intraoperative fracture or postoperative dislocation. On postoperative radiographs, all femoral stems were in a neutral position. There was no stem subsidence in all 40 patients. BHA using the CPP approach appeared to be useful even in geriatric patients. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomonori en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomoko en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKazuki en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SankiTomoaki en-aut-sei=Sanki en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraYoshi en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Yoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Medical Materials for Musculoskeletal Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=bipolar hip arthroplasty kn-keyword=bipolar hip arthroplasty en-keyword=geriatric patient kn-keyword=geriatric patient en-keyword=conjoined tendon-preserving posterior approach kn-keyword=conjoined tendon-preserving posterior approach END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=e12875 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200523 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Vasopressin gene products are colocalised with corticotrophin‐releasing factor within neurosecretory vesicles in the external zone of the median eminence of the Japanese macaque monkey (Macaca fuscata) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Arginine vasopressin (AVP), when released into portal capillaries with corticotrophin‐releasing factor (CRF) from terminals of parvocellular neurones of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVH), facilitates the secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) in stressed rodents. The AVP gene encodes a propeptide precursor containing AVP, AVP‐associated neurophysin II (NPII), and a glycopeptide copeptin, although it is currently unclear whether copeptin is always cleaved from the neurophysin and whether the NPII and/or copeptin have any functional role in the pituitary. Furthermore, for primates, it is unknown whether CRF, AVP, NPII and copeptin are all colocalised in neurosecretory vesicles in the terminal region of the paraventricular CRF neurone axons. Therefore, we investigated, by fluorescence and immunogold immunocytochemistry, the cellular and subcellular relationships of these peptides in the CRF‐ and AVP‐producing cells in unstressed Japanese macaque monkeys (Macaca fuscata). Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction analysis showed the expression of both CRF and AVP mRNAs in the monkey PVH. As expected, in the magnocellular neurones of the PVH and supraoptic nucleus, essentially no CRF immunoreactivity could be detected in NPII‐immunoreactive (AVP‐producing) neurones. Immunofluorescence showed that, in the parvocellular part of the PVH, NPII was detectable in a subpopulation (approximately 39%) of the numerous CRF‐immunoreactive neuronal perikarya, whereas, in the outer median eminence, NPII was more prominent (approximately 52%) in the CRF varicosities. Triple immunoelectron microscopy in the median eminence demonstrated the presence of both NPII and copeptin immunoreactivity in dense‐cored vesicles of CRF‐containing axons. The results are consistent with an idea that the AVP propeptide is processed and NPII and copeptin are colocalised in hypothalamic‐pituitary CRF axons in the median eminence of a primate. The CRF, AVP and copeptin are all co‐packaged in neurosecretory vesicles in monkeys and are thus likely to be co‐released into the portal capillary blood to amplify ACTH release from the primate anterior pituitary. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtuboAkito en-aut-sei=Otubo en-aut-mei=Akito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawakamiNatsuko en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Natsuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaejimaSho en-aut-sei=Maejima en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaYasumasa en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Yasumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorrisJohn F. en-aut-sei=Morris en-aut-mei=John F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoHirotaka en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=corticotrophin‐releasing factor kn-keyword=corticotrophin‐releasing factor en-keyword=Japanese macaque monkey (Macaca fuscata) kn-keyword=Japanese macaque monkey (Macaca fuscata) en-keyword=median eminence kn-keyword=median eminence en-keyword=paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus kn-keyword=paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus en-keyword=vasopressin kn-keyword=vasopressin END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of caffeine on mating behavior and sperm precedence in Tribolium castaneum en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Biogenic amines such as dopamine are physiologically neuroactive substances that affect behavioral and physiological traits in invertebrates, and it has long been known that these substances affect mating behavior in insects. Caffeine is a dopamine activator and thus enhances dopamine receptor activity. However, the effects of caffeine intake on insect mating behavior have been largely unexplored. Therefore, we examined the effect of caffeine on mating behavior in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. Caffeine, which activates dopamine, affected the mating behavior of T. castaneum males. Males who orally ingested caffeine courted faster than males who did not, resulting in faster mounting of females and less time to a male's external aedeagus protrusion. However, the present results showed no difference in sperm precedence measured as a P2 value between males fed caffeine and males not fed caffeine. We discuss the effects of caffeine on insect mating and the possibility that caffeine consumption may cause males to mate with more females in the laboratory. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JiYuhao en-aut-sei=Ji en-aut-mei=Yuhao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=RyujiYuki en-aut-sei=Ryuji en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumuraKentarou en-aut-sei=Matsumura en-aut-mei=Kentarou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyatakeTakahisa en-aut-sei=Miyatake en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=mating latency kn-keyword=mating latency en-keyword=mounting behavior kn-keyword=mounting behavior en-keyword=number of mating kn-keyword=number of mating en-keyword=red flour beetle kn-keyword=red flour beetle en-keyword=reproductive success kn-keyword=reproductive success en-keyword=sperm competition kn-keyword=sperm competition END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=2020 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of Patient Positioning during Digital Tomosynthesis and Reconstruction Algorithms for Ilizarov Frames: A Phantom Study en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aim: Metallic components from circular external fixators, including the Ilizarov frame, cause artefacts on X-rays and obstruct clear visualisation of bone detail. We evaluated the ability of tomosynthesis to reduce interference on radiographs caused by metal artefacts and developed an optimal image acquisition method for such cases.
Materials and methods: An Ilizarov frame phantom was constructed using rods placed on the bone for the purpose to evaluate the benefits of tomosynthesis. Distances between the rod and bone and the angle between the rod and X-ray tube orbit were set at three different levels. Filtered backprojection images were reconstructed using two different features of the reconstruction function: THICKNESS−− (CONTRAST4) and THICKNESS++ (METAL4); the first is suitable for improving contrast and the second is suitable for metal artefacts. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) was used during image evaluation to determine the influence of the metallic rod on bone structure visibility.
Results: The PSNR increased as the angle between the metal rod and the X-ray tube orbit and the distance between the metallic rod and bone increased. The PSNR was larger when using THICKNESS−− (CONTRAST4) than when using THICKNESS++ (METAL4).
Conclusion: The optimal reconstruction function and image acquisition determined using the metallic rod in this study suggest that quality equal to that without the metallic rod can be obtained.
Clinical significance: We describe an optimised method for image acquisition without unnecessary acquisition repetition and unreasonable posture changes when the bone cannot be adequately visualised. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeYuki en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadaMakoto en-aut-sei=Shimada en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaYoshihiro en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Yoshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=EnokiTaisuke en-aut-sei=Enoki en-aut-mei=Taisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OmachiKumiko en-aut-sei=Omachi en-aut-mei=Kumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeShuji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Educational Collaboration, Health and Safety Sciences, Osaka Kyoiku University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Osaka General Medical Center, kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Osaka Women's and Children’s Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Digital tomosynthesis kn-keyword=Digital tomosynthesis en-keyword=Ilizarov, Metal artefacts kn-keyword=Ilizarov, Metal artefacts en-keyword=Metallic rod, Peak signal-to-noise ratio kn-keyword=Metallic rod, Peak signal-to-noise ratio en-keyword=X-ray kn-keyword=X-ray END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=21 cd-vols= no-issue=18 article-no= start-page=6748 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200914 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Introducing the Amphibious Mudskipper Goby as a Unique Model to Evaluate Neuro/Endocrine Regulation of Behaviors Mediated by Buccal Sensation and Corticosteroids en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Some fish have acquired the ability to breathe air, but these fish can no longer flush their gills effectively when out of water. Hence, they have developed characteristic means for defense against external stressors, including thirst (osmolarity/ions) and toxicity. Amphibious fish, extant air-breathing fish emerged from water, may serve as models to examine physiological responses to these stressors. Some of these fish, including mudskipper gobies such asPeriophthalmodon schlosseri,Boleophthalmus boddartiand ourPeriophthalmus modestus, display distinct adaptational behaviors to these factors compared with fully aquatic fish. In this review, we introduce the mudskipper goby as a unique model to study the behaviors and the neuro/endocrine mechanisms of behavioral responses to the stressors. Our studies have shown that a local sensation of thirst in the buccal cavity-this being induced by dipsogenic hormones-motivates these fish to move to water through a forebrain response. The corticosteroid system, which is responsive to various stressors, also stimulates migration, possibly via the receptors in the brain. We suggest that such fish are an important model to deepen insights into the stress-related neuro/endocrine-behavioral effects. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatayamaYukitoshi en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Yukitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=stressors kn-keyword=stressors en-keyword=thirst kn-keyword=thirst en-keyword=angiotensin II kn-keyword=angiotensin II en-keyword=corticosteroids kn-keyword=corticosteroids en-keyword=amphibious fish kn-keyword=amphibious fish END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=427 end-page=429 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202010 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Polydactyly of the Foot Diagnosed from a Minor Nail Problem en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Polydactyly is one of the most common foot congenital anomalies. It is often detected immediately after birth, but the diagnosis can sometimes be delayed if the symptoms are less evident. A 2-year-old girl with a complaint of recurrent bleeding from the right toenail was diagnosed with foot polydactyly. She underwent corrective surgery, and her family was satisfied with the outcome. Although the diagnosis of polydactyly may be difficult in cases with minor nail problems, further radiographic evaluation will be needed for the improvement of the patient’s quality of life. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiraokaTomohiro en-aut-sei=Hiraoka en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SenooHaruka en-aut-sei=Senoo en-aut-mei=Haruka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamazakiYuka en-aut-sei=Yamazaki en-aut-mei=Yuka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuenobuKosaku en-aut-sei=Suenobu en-aut-mei=Kosaku kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukaharaHirokazu en-aut-sei=Tsukahara en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Ochiai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Dermatology, Ochiai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Plastic Surgery, Okayama Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=polydactyly kn-keyword=polydactyly en-keyword=hyperdactyly kn-keyword=hyperdactyly en-keyword=hexadactyly kn-keyword=hexadactyly END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20201106 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Recent Trends in Currency Investment kn-title=近年の通貨投資に関する研究動向 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　This paper surveys the recent trends in currency investment. In particular, this paper focuses upon strategies　which employ cross-sectional information across countries. First, I introduce a carry trade that is the most popular investment strategy. Next, I explain developments of momentum and value strategies. Then, the other strategies are classifi ed into two groups. The former group exploits macroeconomic information such external debts and output growth. The latter group employs information in fi nancial markets such as term spreads and cross-sectional spot exchange rate return correlations. Finally, I describe two future research directions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakemotoRyuta en-aut-sei=Sakemoto en-aut-mei=Ryuta kn-aut-name=酒本隆太 kn-aut-sei=酒本 kn-aut-mei=隆太 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=社会文化科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=529 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1372 end-page=1390 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Variation of pro‐vasopressin processing in parvocellular and magnocellular neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus: Evidence from the vasopressin‐related glycopeptide copeptin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is synthesized in parvocellular‐ and magnocellular neuroendocrine neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. Whereas magnocellular AVP neurons project primarily to the posterior pituitary, parvocellular AVP neurons project to the median eminence (ME) and to extrahypothalamic areas. The AVP gene encodes pre‐pro‐AVP that comprises the signal peptide, AVP, neurophysin (NPII), and a copeptin glycopeptide. In the present study, we used an N‐terminal copeptin antiserum to examine copeptin expression in magnocellular and parvocellular neurons in the hypothalamus in the mouse, rat, and macaque monkey. Although magnocellular NPII‐expressing neurons exhibited strong N‐terminal copeptin immunoreactivity in all three species, a great majority (~90%) of parvocellular neurons that expressed NPII was devoid of copeptin immunoreactivity in the mouse, and in approximately half (~53%) of them in the rat, whereas in monkey hypothalamus, virtually all NPII‐immunoreactive parvocellular neurons contained strong copeptin immunoreactivity. Immunoelectron microscopy in the mouse clearly showed copeptin‐immunoreactivity co‐localized with NPII‐immunoreactivity in neurosecretory vesicles in the internal layer of the ME and posterior pituitary, but not in the external layer of the ME. Intracerebroventricular administration of a prohormone convertase inhibitor, hexa‐d‐arginine amide resulted in a marked reduction of copeptin‐immunoreactivity in the NPII‐immunoreactive magnocellular PVN neurons in the mouse, suggesting that low protease activity and incomplete processing of pro‐AVP could explain the disproportionally low levels of N‐terminal copeptin expression in rodent AVP (NPII)‐expressing parvocellular neurons. Physiologic and phylogenetic aspects of copeptin expression among neuroendocrine neurons require further exploration. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawakamiNatsuko en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Natsuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtuboAkito en-aut-sei=Otubo en-aut-mei=Akito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaejimaSho en-aut-sei=Maejima en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TalukderAshraf H. en-aut-sei=Talukder en-aut-mei=Ashraf H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohKeita en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtiTakumi en-aut-sei=Oti en-aut-mei=Takumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakanamiKeiko en-aut-sei=Takanami en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaYasumasa en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Yasumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ItoiKeiichi en-aut-sei=Itoi en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorrisJohn F. en-aut-sei=Morris en-aut-mei=John F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoHirotaka en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Hirotaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Laboratory of Information Biology, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Laboratory of Information Biology, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Ushimado Marine Institute (UMI), Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=copeptin kn-keyword=copeptin en-keyword=hypothalamo‐pituitary–adrenal system kn-keyword=hypothalamo‐pituitary–adrenal system en-keyword=immunohistochemistry kn-keyword=immunohistochemistry en-keyword=paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus kn-keyword=paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus en-keyword=processing kn-keyword=processing en-keyword=vasopressin kn-keyword=vasopressin en-keyword=RRID: AB_2722604 kn-keyword=RRID: AB_2722604 en-keyword=RRID: AB_2061966 kn-keyword=RRID: AB_2061966 en-keyword=RRID: AB_2314234 kn-keyword=RRID: AB_2314234 en-keyword=RRID: AB_10013361 kn-keyword=RRID: AB_10013361 en-keyword=RRID: AB_2313960 kn-keyword=RRID: AB_2313960 en-keyword=RRID: AB_2722605 kn-keyword=RRID: AB_2722605 en-keyword=RRID: AB_90782 kn-keyword=RRID: AB_90782 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=338 end-page=349 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200820 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Improvement and Evaluation of a Function for Tracing the Diffusion of Classified Information on KVM en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The increasing amount of classified information currently being managed by personal computers has resulted in the leakage of such information to external computers, which is a major problem. To prevent such leakage, we previously proposed a function for tracing the diffusion of classified information in a guest operating system (OS) using a virtual machine monitor (VMM). The tracing function hooks a system call in the guest OS from the VMM, and acquiring the information. By analyzing the information on the VMM side, the tracing function makes it possible to notify the user of the diffusion of classified information. However, this function has a problem in that the administrator of the computer platform cannot grasp the transition of the diffusion of classified processes or file information. In this paper, we present the solution to this problem and report on its evaluation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoriyamaHideaki en-aut-sei=Moriyama en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamauchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Yamauchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoMasaya en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiHideo en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=National Institute of Technology, Ariake College kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=2358 end-page=2367 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190110 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microfluidic Formation of Hydrogel Microcapsules with a Single Aqueous Core by en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report a simple process to fabricate monodisperse tetra-arm poly(ethylene glycol) (tetra-PEG) hydrogel microcapsules with an aqueous core and a semipermeable hydrogel shell through the formation of aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) droplets consisting of a dextran-rich core and a tetra-PEG macromonomer-rich shell, followed by a spontaneous cross-end coupling reaction of tetra-PEG macromonomers in the shell. Different from conventional techniques, this process enables for the continuous production of hydrogel microcapsules from water-in-oil emulsion droplets under mild conditions in the absence of radical initiators and external stimuli such as heating and ultraviolet light irradiation. We find that rapid cross-end coupling reaction of tetra-PEG macromonomers in ATPS droplets in the range of pH from 7.4 to 7.8 gives hydrogel microcapsules with a kinetically arrested core–shell structure. The diameter and core–shell ratio of the microcapsules can be easily controlled by adjusting flow rates and ATPS compositions. On the other hand, the slow cross-end coupling reaction of tetra-PEG macromonomers in ATPS droplets at pH 7.0 and lower induces structural change from core–shell to Janus during the reaction, which eventually forms hydrogel microparticles with a thermodynamically stable crescent structure. We believe that these hydrogel microparticles with controlled structures can be used in biomedical fields such as cell encapsulation, biosensors, and drug delivery carriers for sensitive biomolecules. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MotohiroIbuki en-aut-sei=Motohiro en-aut-mei=Ibuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=9 article-no= start-page=2470 end-page=2479 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=2014029 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microfluidic Approach to the Formation of Internally Porous Polymer Particles by Solvent Extraction en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We report the controlled formation of internally porous polyelectrolyte particles with diameters ranging from tens to hundreds of micrometers through selective solvent extraction using microfluidics. Solvent-resistant microdevices, fabricated by frontal photopolymerization, encapsulate binary polymer (P)/solvent (S1) mixtures by a carrier solvent phase (C) to form plugs with well-defined radii and low polydispersity; the suspension is then brought into contact with a selective extraction solvent (S2) that is miscible with C and S1 but not P, leading to the extraction of S1 from the droplets. The ensuing phase inversion yields polymer capsules with a smooth surface but highly porous internal structure. Depending on the liquid extraction time scale, this stage can be carried out in situ, within the chip, or ex situ, in an external S2 bath. Bimodal polymer plugs are achieved using asymmetrically inverted T junctions. For this demonstration, we form sodium poly(styrenesulfonate) (P) particles using water (S1), hexadecane (C), and methyl ethyl ketone (S2). We measure droplet extraction rates as a function of drop size and polymer concentration and propose a simple scaling model to guide particle formation. We find that the extraction time required to form particles from liquid droplets does not depend on the initial polymer concentration but is rather proportional to the initial droplet size. The resulting particle size follows a linear relationship with the initial droplet size for all polymer concentrations, allowing for the precise control of particle size. The internal particle porous structure exhibits a polymer density gradient ranging from a dense surface skin toward an essentially hollow core. Average particle porosities between 10 and 50% are achieved by varying the initial droplet compositions up to 15 wt % polymer. Such particles have potential applications in functional, optical, and coating materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeTakaichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Takaichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=LopezCarlos G. en-aut-sei=Lopez en-aut-mei=Carlos G. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=DouglasJack F. en-aut-sei=Douglas en-aut-mei=Jack F. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoTsutomu en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=CabralJoão T. en-aut-sei=Cabral en-aut-mei=João T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=251 end-page=255 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202006 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Successful Treatment of Staphylococcus schleiferi Infection after Aortic Arch Repair: In Situ Aortic Arch Replacement and Domino Reconstruction of the Debranching Graft using Autologous Iliac Artery en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A 62-year-old Japanese male presented with graft infection by Staphylococcus schleiferi 50 days after debranching of the left subclavian artery and frozen elephant trunk repair for the entry closure of a Stanford type B aortic dissection. The graft was removed, and the patient was successfully treated using in situ reconstruction of the arch with omental flap coverage, removal of the debranching graft, autologous iliac artery grafting, and longterm antibiotics. Domino reconstruction of the infected debranching graft using autologous external iliac artery and a Dacron graft can thus be a good option in similar cases. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MurakamiTakashi en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TokudaTakanori en-aut-sei=Tokuda en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraShinsuke en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiHiromichi en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Hiromichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYosuke en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaneKokoro en-aut-sei=Yamane en-aut-mei=Kokoro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueKazushige en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Kazushige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKoichi en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KakeyaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kakeya en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShibataToshihiko en-aut-sei=Shibata en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of aCardiovascular Surgery,Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hirakata Kosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of aCardiovascular Surgery,Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of aCardiovascular Surgery,Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of aCardiovascular Surgery,Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of aCardiovascular Surgery,Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hirakata Kosai Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Infection Control Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Infection Control Science, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of aCardiovascular Surgery,Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=autologous iliac artery graft kn-keyword=autologous iliac artery graft en-keyword=Staphylococcus schleiferi kn-keyword=Staphylococcus schleiferi en-keyword=graft infection kn-keyword=graft infection en-keyword=domino reconstruction kn-keyword=domino reconstruction en-keyword=Dacron graft kn-keyword=Dacron graft END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Laser monitoring of dynamic behavior of magnetic nanoparticles in magnetic field gradient en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) by an external magnetic field has been widely studied in the fields of biotechnology and medicine for collecting and/or reacting biomaterials in the solutions. Here, dynamic behaviors of MNP in solution under changing gradient magnetic field were investigated using our newly developed laser transmission system (LTS) with a variable magnetic field manipulator. The manipulator consists of a moving permanent magnet placed beside the optical cell filled with MNP solution. A laser beam was focused on the cell and the transmitted laser beam was detected by a silicon photodiode, so that the localized concentration of the MNP at the focused area could be evaluated by the intensity of transmitted laser beam. In this study, the LTS was applied to evaluate dynamic behaviors of MNP in serum solution. Dispersion and aggregation of MNP in the solution were evaluated. While time evolution of dispersion depends on the serum concentration, the behavior during aggregation by the magnetic field was independent of the serum concentration. A series of measurements for zeta-potentials, distributions of particle size, and magnetization distributions was carried out to understand this difference in the behavior. The results indicated that a Brownian motion was main force to distribute the MNP in the solution; on the other hand, the magnetic force to the MNP mainly affected the behavior during aggregation of the MNP in the solution. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsunashimaKenta en-aut-sei=Tsunashima en-aut-mei=Kenta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=JinnoKatsuya en-aut-sei=Jinno en-aut-mei=Katsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramatsuBunta en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Bunta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoKayo en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Kayo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiKenji en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiwaToshihiko en-aut-sei=Kiwa en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaariMohd Mawardi en-aut-sei=Saari en-aut-mei=Mohd Mawardi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsukadaKeiji en-aut-sei=Tsukada en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=15 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=736 end-page=745 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20161005 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Predictive Factors of Rectal Toxicity After Permanent iodine-125 Seed Implantation: Prospective Cohort Study in 2339 Patients en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: To evaluate the incidence and the associated factors of rectal toxicity in patients with prostate cancer undergoing permanent seed implantation (PI) with or without external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in a nationwide prospective cohort study in Japan (J-POPS) during the first 2 years.
Methods and materials: A total of 2,339 subjects were available for the analyses. Rectal toxicity was evaluated using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0.
Results: The 3-year cumulative incidence for grade ≥2 rectal toxicity was 2.88%, 1.76%, and 6.53% in all subjects, PI group and EBRT combination therapy group, respectively. On multivariate analysis, among all subjects, grade ≥2 rectal toxicity was associated with rectal volumes receiving 100% of the prescribed dose (R100; p < 0.0001) and EBRT combination therapy (p = 0.0066). R100 in the PI group (p = 0.0254), and R100 (p = 0.0011) and interactive planning (p = 0.0267) in the EBRT combination therapy group were also associated with grade ≥2 toxicity. The 3-year cumulative incidence of grade ≥2 rectal toxicity was 3.80% and 1.37% for R100 ≥ 1 mL and R100 < 1 mL, respectively, in the PI group (p = 0.0068), and 14.09% and 5.52% for R100 ≥ 1 mL and R100 < 1 mL, respectively, in the EBRT combination therapy group (p = 0.0070).
Conclusions: Rectal toxicity was relatively rare in this study compared with previous reports. For Japanese prostate cancer patients, R100 < 1 mL in both PI and EBRT combination therapy groups and interactive planning in EBRT combination therapy group may be effective in decreasing the incidence of rectal toxicity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KatayamaNorihisa en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Norihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YorozuAtsunori en-aut-sei=Yorozu en-aut-mei=Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruoShinichiro en-aut-sei=Maruo en-aut-mei=Shinichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaShinsuke en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhashiToshio en-aut-sei=Ohashi en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaNobumichi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Nobumichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KikuchiTakashi en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HigashideSatoshi en-aut-sei=Higashide en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoShiro en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=DokiyaTakushi en-aut-sei=Dokiya en-aut-mei=Takushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukushimaMasanori en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei=Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamanakaHidetoshi en-aut-sei=Yamanaka en-aut-mei=Hidetoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiation Oncology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Translational Research Informatics Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Translational Research Informatics Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiation Oncology, Keio University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Translational Research Informatics Center kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Translational Research Informatics Center kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kyoundo Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Institutes of Preventive Medicine, Kurosawa Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Translational Research Informatics Center kn-affil= en-keyword=Brachytherapy kn-keyword=Brachytherapy en-keyword=Dose-volume histogram parameters kn-keyword=Dose-volume histogram parameters en-keyword=External beam radiation therapy kn-keyword=External beam radiation therapy en-keyword=Interactive planning kn-keyword=Interactive planning en-keyword=Prostate cancer kn-keyword=Prostate cancer en-keyword=Rectal toxicity kn-keyword=Rectal toxicity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=58 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=202002 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Robotic Renal Autotransplantation: A Feasibility Study in a Porcine Model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We investigated the feasibility of robotic renal autotransplantation (RAT) in a porcine model to reduce invasiveness of RAT. Five pigs underwent robotic RAT using the da Vinci® robotic system. A robotic left nephrectomy was performed in all cases. Robotic RAT was performed on the left side in all but one case. Four ports were used. In 3 cases, the kidney was taken out through the GelPort® and irrigated on ice with Ringer’s solution. In 2 cases, a complete intracorporeal robotic RAT was performed. An end-to-side anastomosis was performed between the renal vein and the external iliac vein and between the renal artery and the external iliac artery. Ureteroneocystostomy was also performed in 2 cases. All cases were performed robotically without open conversion. The median (IQR) console time was 3.1 (0.7) h, and the operative time was 3.8 (1.1) h. The estimated blood loss was 30 (0) ml. The warm ischemia time was 4.0 (0.2) min, and the cold ischemia time was 97 (17) min. Intracorporeal transarterial hypothermic renal perfusion was feasible in the 2 complete intracorporeal robotic RAT cases by using a perfusion catheter through a laparoscopic port. Robotic RAT has the potential to be a new minimally invasive substitute for conventional open surgery. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KubotaRisa en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Risa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamuraKasumi en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Kasumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaYuki en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuiYosuke en-aut-sei=Mitsui en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadahiraTakuya en-aut-sei=Sadahira en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AriyoshiYuichi en-aut-sei=Ariyoshi en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwataTakehiro en-aut-sei=Iwata en-aut-mei=Takehiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraShingo en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamotoAtsushi en-aut-sei=Takamoto en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakoTomoko en-aut-sei=Sako en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=EdamuraKohei en-aut-sei=Edamura en-aut-mei=Kohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanoYuzuki en-aut-sei=Kano en-aut-mei=Yuzuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitagawaMasashi en-aut-sei=Kitagawa en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeKatsuyuki en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Katsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiyamaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Sugiyama en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaJun en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMasami en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeToyohiko en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Toyohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=21 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=22 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=21 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=22 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=renal autotransplantation kn-keyword=renal autotransplantation en-keyword=robotic kn-keyword=robotic en-keyword=porcine model kn-keyword=porcine model en-keyword=transplantation kn-keyword=transplantation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=477 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1892 end-page=1901 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201908 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Temporary External External Fixation Can Stabilize Hip Transposition Arthroplasty After Resection of Malignant Periacetabular Bone Tumors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Background: The choice of reconstructive procedure to restore limb function is challenging after internal hemipelvectomy. Hip transposition arthroplasty, also known as resection arthroplasty, removes a malignant or aggressive tumor of the pelvis and acetabulum after which the remaining femoral head is moved proximally to the lateral surface side of the sacrum or the underside of the resected ilium after internal hemipelvectomy. It may provide reasonable functional results and have some advantages such as lowering the risk of an infected implant compared with other reconstructions because no foreign implants are used. Hip transposition is generally managed with prolonged bed rest or immobilization postoperatively to stabilize the soft tissue surrounding the remaining femur. Because enabling patients to be mobile while the soft tissues heal might be advantageous, we reviewed our experience with an external fixation for this procedure.
Questions/purposes: (1) Does temporary external fixation facilitate postoperative physiotherapy in patients who undergo hip transposition arthroplasty? (2) What functional Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scores were achieved at short term in a small series of patients treated with hip transposition and temporary external fixation? (3) What were the complications of using external fixation in a small series of patients who received it for malignant tumors?
Methods: Between 2008 and 2012, we treated seven patients (three men and four women; median age, 37 years; age range, 18-53 years) with acetabular resection for malignant bone tumors; all were managed with a hip transposition, initially stabilized using external fixation. No other types of procedures were used for this indication in this period. Minimum followup in this retrospective study was 45 months, except for one patient who died at 18 months (range of followup duration, 18-90 months; median followup, 57 months), and no patients were lost to followup. The pins for external fixation were inserted into the affected side of the femur and the healthy contralateral ilium. External fixation was removed 6 weeks postoperatively and weightbearing was started at that time. Preoperative chemotherapy was administrated in four patients, but postoperative chemotherapy was delayed since it was given after external fixation removal in three patients. The postoperative rehabilitation course and functional results were assessed by chart review, functional results were determined using MSTS scores, tallied by physiotherapists who were not part of the surgical team, and complications were ascertained through chart review. Major complications were defined as complications that were treated with additional operations, such as deep infection, or ones that could cause severe postoperative dysfunction, such as nerve injury.
Results: With temporary external fixation, standing next to a bed was achieved in median 7 days (range, 6-9 days) postoperatively, transferring to a wheel chair in median 8 days (range, 6-28 days), and gait training using parallel bars in median 15 days (range, 7-48 days). At most recent followup, three patients could walk without a crutch or cane, three could walk with a cane, and one could walk with a crutch. The median MSTS score at most recent followup (median, 57 months) was 63%. Two patients had complications that resulted in reoperations; one had a wound dehiscence, and one had an abdominal herniation that gradually developed, and which was reconstructed using polypropylene mesh 2 years after pelvic resection. Two patients had nerve palsies that recovered by the end of the first year. All patients had pin tract infections that resolved with nonsurgical approaches.
Conclusions: Hip transposition with temporary external fixation can stabilize the bone soft tissue after pelvic resection. Although we did not have a comparison group of patients, we believe that external fixation facilitates early postoperative physiotherapy and rehabilitation and provides good functional results without major surgical complications. Because it delays the resumption of chemotherapy, more patients with longer followup are needed to determine whether this will be associated with poorer oncologic results. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KunisadaToshiyuki en-aut-sei=Kunisada en-aut-mei=Toshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraTomohiro en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaseiJoe en-aut-sei=Hasei en-aut-mei=Joe kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakataEiji en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SendaMasuo en-aut-sei=Senda en-aut-mei=Masuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Rehabilitation, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=100268 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2020 dt-pub=20200229 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Masquelet technique for septic arthritis of the small joint in the hands: Case reports en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Septic arthritis in distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints sometimes occurs in association with mucous cysts or after the surgical treatment of mallet fingers. Recently, several studies have demonstrated... kn-abstract=Septic arthritis in distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints sometimes occurs in association with mucous cysts or after the surgical treatment of mallet fingers. Recently, several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the Masquelet technique in the treatment of bone defects caused by trauma or infection. However, only few studies have reported the use of this technique for septic arthritis in small joints of the hand, and its effectiveness in treating septic arthritis in DIP joints remains unclear. We report the clinical and radiological outcomes of three patients who were treated with the Masquelet technique for septic arthritis in DIP joints. One patient had uncontrolled diabetes and another had rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate and prednisolone. The first surgical stage involved thorough debridement of the infection site, including the middle and distal phalanx. We placed an external fixator from the middle to the distal phalanx and then packed the cavity of the DIP joint with antibiotic cement bead of polymethylmethacrylate (40 g) including 2 g of vancomycin and 200 mg of minocycline. At 4-6 weeks after the first surgical stage, the infection had cleared, and the second surgical stage was performed. The external fixator and cement bead were carefully removed while carefully preserving the surrounding osteo-induced membrane. The membrane was smooth and nonadherent to the cement block. In the second surgical stage, an autogenous bone graft was harvested from the iliac bone and inserted into the joint space, within the membrane. The bone graft, distal phalanx, and middle phalanx were fixed with Kirschner wires and/or a soft wire. Despite the high risk of infection, bone union was achieved in all patients without recurrence of infection. Although the Masquelet technique requires two surgeries, it can lead to favorable clinical and radiological outcomes for infected small joints of the hand. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SaitoTaichi en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Taichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NodaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoHiroya en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=DemiyaKoji en-aut-sei=Demiya en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NezuSatoshi en-aut-sei=Nezu en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokooSuguru en-aut-sei=Yokoo en-aut-mei=Suguru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuhashiMinami en-aut-sei=Matsuhashi en-aut-mei=Minami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UeharaTakenori en-aut-sei=Uehara en-aut-mei=Takenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimamuraYasunori en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KodamaMasayuki en-aut-sei=Kodama en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Traumatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Sports Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Mizushima Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Density and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Hand kn-keyword=Hand en-keyword=Induced membrane kn-keyword=Induced membrane en-keyword=Masquelet technique kn-keyword=Masquelet technique en-keyword=Septic arthritis kn-keyword=Septic arthritis en-keyword=The small joint kn-keyword=The small joint END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=271 end-page=278 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20180220 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Acute exposure to sulfur dioxide and mortality: Historical data from Yokkaichi, Japan. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We examined the association between acute exposure to sulfur dioxide (SO2) and mortality, using historical data from 1972-1991 in Yokkaichi, Japan. We used a time-stratified case-crossover study design. We included all causes of death, excluding external causes, between 1972 and 1991 in Yokkaichi and the neighboring town, Kusu of the Mie Prefecture (N = 29,839). We obtained daily estimations of SO2 concentrations during the study period. We then conducted conditional logistic regression analysis to examine association between SO2 exposure and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Exposure to SO2 increased the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a non-linear manner. The relationship between SO2 exposure and mortality outcomes remained after adjustment for co-pollutants such as particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide. Historical data from Yokkaichi, Japan, showed that SO2 exposure increased the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YorifujiTakashi en-aut-sei=Yorifuji en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KashimaSaori en-aut-sei=Kashima en-aut-mei=Saori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Made Ayu Hitapretiwi Suryadhi kn-aut-sei=Made Ayu Hitapretiwi Suryadhi kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbudureyimuKawuli en-aut-sei=Abudureyimu en-aut-mei=Kawuli kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Air pollution kn-keyword=Air pollution en-keyword=Cardiovascular disease kn-keyword=Cardiovascular disease en-keyword=Epidemiology kn-keyword=Epidemiology en-keyword=Respiratory disease kn-keyword=Respiratory disease en-keyword=Yokkaichi Asthma kn-keyword=Yokkaichi Asthma en-keyword=sulfur dioxide kn-keyword=sulfur dioxide END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=140 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=481 end-page=485 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191023 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=External iliac artery thrombosis following open reduction of acetabular fracture: a case report and literature review en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=BACKGROUND:
Postoperative thrombosis of the external iliac artery (EIA) following open reduction and internal fixation for acetabular fracture is extremely rare.
PURPOSE:
To report a patient with EIA thrombosis following open reduction and internal fixation using the modified ilioinguinal approach for acetabular fractures.
STUDY DESIGN:
This is a case report of a 69-year-old male with a left acetabular fracture who was treated surgically.
METHODS:
A 69-year-old male presented with left hip pain after a 1.5-m fall. Radiographs revealed left acetabular anterior wall and posterior hemitransverse fractures with dome impaction. Computed tomography (CT) showed atherosclerotic changes in many arteries. Open reduction and internal fixation were performed using the modified ilioinguinal approach. Adhesion around the external iliac vessels was severe, and the external iliac vein (EIV) ruptured during exposure. After EIV repair, anatomical reduction was achieved and the fracture was fixed using a reconstruction plate. Nine hours after surgery, the left lower limb showed acute ischemic symptoms. Contrast-enhanced CT indicated complete occlusion of the left EIA. The patient was immediately taken for a thrombectomy via EIA cut-down using a Fogarty catheter. Postoperatively, he had palpable dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses; however, post-reperfusion compartment syndrome developed. Fasciotomy of the left leg was performed.
RESULTS:
At the 2-year and 4-month follow-up, he was pain-free in his hip and leg. Although he was walking with a cane, activity was limited due to a mild foot drop.
CONCLUSIONS:
It is very important for surgeons to consider EIA thrombosis as a potential complication following open reduction and internal fixation. In this case, EIA thrombosis could be explained by preoperative atherosclerotic changes and intraoperative vascular handling procedures. Preoperative screening and management, and meticulous surgical procedures are necessary for patients with a high risk of thrombosis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoNorio en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NodaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SaitoTaichi en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Taichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UeharaTakenori en-aut-sei=Uehara en-aut-mei=Takenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimamuraYasunori en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Yasunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Musculoskeletal Traumatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Emergency Healthcare and Disaster Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Sports Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Science kn-affil= en-keyword=Acetabular fracture kn-keyword=Acetabular fracture en-keyword=External iliac artery kn-keyword=External iliac artery en-keyword=External iliac vein kn-keyword=External iliac vein en-keyword=Ilioinguinal approach kn-keyword=Ilioinguinal approach en-keyword=Occlusion kn-keyword=Occlusion en-keyword=Thrombosis kn-keyword=Thrombosis END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=47 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=281 end-page=288 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191119 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Association of masticatory muscle activity with sleep arousal and other concomitant movements during sleep en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OBJECTIVE:
This study aims to verify the associations among sleep bruxism (SB), sleep arousal (SA) and concurrent body movements.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Subjects underwent a standard overnight polysomnography test and audio-video recordings. Sleep quality was evaluated according to the Rechtschaffen and Kales criteria, while SA was determined as per the American Sleep Disorders Association criteria. Analyses were performed by an external institution after masking of the subjects' information. SB was assessed based on the presence/absence of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) episodes, which were identified by using electromyography of the masseter muscle. The observed simultaneous movements included lower leg movement (LLM), swallowing, face scratching, head movement, body movement, eye blinking, coughing, licking, sighing, body scratching, lip sucking, somniloquy and yawning. The LLM was determined visually, as well as through an increase in the tibialis electromyogram signal. Other movements were visually assessed using audio-video recordings. The incidences of all the simultaneous movements were compared between RMMA with intercurrent SA (SAwRMMA; RMMA episode derived from a masseter electromyogram showing more than 10% of maximum voluntary contraction) and SA without RMMA (SAw/oRMMA).
RESULTS:
Fourteen subjects were included in this study (females/males: 4/10, mean age: 31.5 ± 5.7 years). Among these, LLM, swallowing, body movement, licking, body scratching and lip sucking were frequently observed in SAwRMMA episodes than in SAw/oRMMA episodes, significantly. However, the non-specific simultaneous movements were higher observed in SAw/oRMMA episodes than that in SAwRMMA.
CONCLUSION:
Our results suggest that SB is concurrently activated with LLM in relation to arousal. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MikiHaruna en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Haruna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinakuchiHajime en-aut-sei=Minakuchi en-aut-mei=Hajime kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyagiMayu en-aut-sei=Miyagi en-aut-mei=Mayu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaraEmilio Satoshi en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Emilio Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigemotoShuji en-aut-sei=Shigemoto en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaekawaKenji en-aut-sei=Maekawa en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsukaYoshizo en-aut-sei=Matsuka en-aut-mei=Yoshizo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=ClarkGlenn T. en-aut-sei=Clark en-aut-mei=Glenn T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Stomatgnathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Stomatgnathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Stomatgnathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Advanced Program in Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=concomitant movement kn-keyword=concomitant movement en-keyword=non-specific simultaneous movements kn-keyword=non-specific simultaneous movements en-keyword=polysomnography assessment kn-keyword=polysomnography assessment en-keyword=rhythmic masticatory muscle activity kn-keyword=rhythmic masticatory muscle activity en-keyword=sleep arousal kn-keyword=sleep arousal en-keyword=sleep bruxism kn-keyword=sleep bruxism END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=161 cd-vols= no-issue=8 article-no= start-page=1675 end-page=1682 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190607 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A comparison of the prevalence and risk factors of complications in intracranial tumor embolization between the Japanese Registry of NeuroEndovascular Therapy 2 (JR-NET2) and JR-NET3 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=BACKGROUND:
The Japanese Registry of NeuroEndovascular Therapy 2 (JR-NET2) and 3 (JR-NET3) were nationwide surveys that evaluated clinical outcomes after neuroendovascular therapy in Japan. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and risk factors of complications of intracranial tumor embolization between JR-NET2 and JR-NET3.
METHODS:
A total of 1018 and 1545 consecutive patients with intracranial tumors treated with embolization were enrolled in JR-NET2 and JR-NET3, respectively. The prevalence of complications in intracranial tumor embolization and related risk factors were compared between JR-NET2 and JR-NET3.
RESULTS:
The prevalence of complications in JR-NET3 (3.69%) was significantly higher than that in JR-NET2 (1.48%) (p = 0.002). The multivariate analysis in JR-NET2 showed that embolization for tumors other than meningioma was the only significant risk factor for complication (odds ratio [OR], 3.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-12.10; p = 0.032), and that in JR-NET3 revealed that embolization for feeders other than external carotid artery (ECA) (OR, 3.56; 95% CI, 2.03-6.25; p < 0.001) and use of liquid materials (OR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.50-4.68; p < 0.001) were significant risks for complications. The frequency of embolization for feeders other than ECA in JR-NET3 (15.3%) was significantly higher than that in JR-NET2 (9.2%) (p < 0.001). Also, there was a significant difference in the frequency of use of liquid materials between JR-NET2 (21.2%) and JR-NET3 (41.2%) (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS:
Embolization for feeders other than ECA and use of liquid materials could increase the complication rate in intracranial tumor embolization. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HishikawaTomohito en-aut-sei=Hishikawa en-aut-mei=Tomohito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugiuKenji en-aut-sei=Sugiu en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuraiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Murai en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiYu en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KidaniNaoya en-aut-sei=Kidani en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishihiroShingo en-aut-sei=Nishihiro en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramatsuMasafumi en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=DateIsao en-aut-sei=Date en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatowTetsu en-aut-sei=Satow en-aut-mei=Tetsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=IiharaKoji en-aut-sei=Iihara en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiNobuyuki en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Nobuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=JR-NET2 and JR-NET3 study groups. en-aut-sei=JR-NET2 and JR-NET3 study groups. en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Neurological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Neurological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Neurological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Neurological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Neurological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Neurological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Neurological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Neurological SurgeryOkayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of NeurosurgeryNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Neurosurgery Graduated School of Medical SciencesKyusyu University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of NeurosurgeryKobe City Medical Center General Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=Complication kn-keyword=Complication en-keyword=Embolization kn-keyword=Embolization en-keyword=Intracranial tumor kn-keyword=Intracranial tumor en-keyword=Risk factors kn-keyword=Risk factors END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=144 cd-vols= no-issue=22 article-no= start-page=224104 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=20160610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A reference-modified density functional theory: An application to solvation free-energy calculations for a Lennard-Jones solution en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= In the conventional classical density functional theory (DFT) for simple fluids, an ideal gas is usually chosen as the reference system because there is a one-to-one correspondence between the external field and the density distribution function, and the exact intrinsic free-energy functional is available for the ideal gas. In this case, the second-order density functional Taylor series expansion of the excess intrinsic free-energy functional provides the hypernetted-chain (HNC) approximation. Recently, it has been shown that the HNC approximation significantly overestimates the solvation free energy (SFE) for an infinitely dilute Lennard-Jones (LJ) solution, especially when the solute particles are several times larger than the solvent particles [T. Miyata and J. Thapa, Chem. Phys. Lett. 604, 122 (2014)]. In the present study, we propose a reference-modified density functional theory as a systematic approach to improve the SFE functional as well as the pair distribution functions. The second-order density functional Taylor series expansion for the excess part of the intrinsic free-energy functional in which a hard-sphere fluid is introduced as the reference system instead of an ideal gas is applied to the LJ pure and infinitely dilute solution systems and is proved to remarkably improve the drawbacks of the HNC approximation. Furthermore, the third-order density functional expansion approximation in which a factorization approximation is applied to the triplet direct correlation function is examined for the LJ systems. We also show that the third-order contribution can yield further refinements for both the pair distribution function and the excess chemical potential for the pure LJ liquids. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SumiTomonari en-aut-sei=Sumi en-aut-mei=Tomonari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaruyamaYutaka en-aut-sei=Maruyama en-aut-mei=Yutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsutakeAyori en-aut-sei=Mitsutake en-aut-mei=Ayori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaKenichiro en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Kenichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Co-Design Team, Exascale Computing Project, RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Co-Design Team, Exascale Computing Project, RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=3370 end-page=3378 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190424 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Is F-1-ATPase a Rotary Motor with Nearly 100% Efficiency? Quantitative Analysis of Chemomechanical Coupling and Mechanical Slip en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We present a chemomechanical network model of the rotary molecular motor F1-ATPase which quantitatively describes not only the rotary motor dynamics driven by ATP hydrolysis but also the ATP synthesis caused by forced reverse rotations. We observe a high reversibility of F1-ATPase, that is, the main cycle of ATP synthesis corresponds to the reversal of the main cycle in the hydrolysis-driven motor rotation. However, our quantitative analysis indicates that torque-induced mechanical slip without chemomechanical coupling occurs under high external torque and reduces the maximal efficiency of the free energy transduction to 40–80% below the optimal efficiency. Heat irreversibly dissipates not only through the viscous friction of the probe but also directly from the motor due to torque-induced mechanical slip. Such irreversible heat dissipation is a crucial limitation for achieving a 100% free-energy transduction efficiency with biological nanomachines because biomolecules are easily deformed by external torque. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SumiTomonari en-aut-sei=Sumi en-aut-mei=Tomonari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KlumppStefan en-aut-sei=Klumpp en-aut-mei=Stefan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department Theory and Bio-Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces kn-affil= en-keyword=F-1-ATPase kn-keyword=F-1-ATPase en-keyword=rotary molecular motor kn-keyword=rotary molecular motor en-keyword=chemomechanical network model kn-keyword=chemomechanical network model en-keyword=free-energy transduction efficiency kn-keyword=free-energy transduction efficiency en-keyword=ATP synthesis kn-keyword=ATP synthesis en-keyword=torque-induced mechanical slip kn-keyword=torque-induced mechanical slip END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=574 end-page=582 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20191031 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Biochemical outcomes and predictive factors by risk group after permanent iodine-125 seed implantation: Prospective cohort study in 2,316 patients en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Purpose: To evaluate the biochemical freedom from failure (bFFF) by risk group and treatment modality and the predictive factors of bFFF by risk group in patients with prostate cancer undergoing permanent seed implantation (PI) with or without external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) in a nationwide prospective cohort study (Japanese Prostate Cancer Outcome Study of Permanent Iodine-125 [I-125] Seed Implantation) in Japan during the first 2 years.
Methods and materials: The analyses included 2,316 participants in 42 institutions; bFFF was evaluated using the Phoenix definition and calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify the factors associated with bFFF.
Results: Median followup period was 60.0 months. The 5-year bFFF rates in all patients, 1,028 low-risk patients, 1,114 intermediate-risk patients, and 133 high-risk patients were 93.6%, 94.9%, 92.7%, and 91.1%, respectively. The 5-year bFFF rates in the PI group and EBRT combination therapy group were 93.7% and 93.3%, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, younger age, higher Gleason score (GS), higher percent positive biopsies (%PB), and lower prostate V100 (p = 0.0012, 0.0030, 0.0026, and 0.0368) in all patients; younger age, higher pretreatment prostate-specific antigen, and lower prostate V100 (p = 0.0002, 0.0048, and 0.0012) in low-risk patients; higher GS, higher %PB, and no hormonal treatment (p = 0.0005, 0.0120, and 0.0022) in intermediate-risk patients; and higher GS and higher %PB (p = 0.0329 and 0.0120) in high-risk patients were significantly associated with bFFF.
Conclusions: PI with or without EBRT resulted in excellent short-term biochemical outcomes in all risk groups, especially in high-risk patients. Age, pretreatment prostate-specific antigen, and prostate V100 in low-risk patients; GS, %PB, and hormonal treatment in intermediate-risk patients; and GS and %PB in high-risk patients were independently affected bFFF. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Katayama Norihisa en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei= Norihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Nakamura Katsumasa en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei= Katsumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Yorozu Atsunori en-aut-sei=Yorozu en-aut-mei= Atsunori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Kikuchi Takashi en-aut-sei=Kikuchi en-aut-mei= Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=Fukushima Masanori en-aut-sei=Fukushima en-aut-mei= Masanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=Saito Shiro en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei= Shiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Dokiya Takushi en-aut-sei=Dokiya en-aut-mei= Takushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Medical School kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Radiation Oncology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiation Oncology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Translational Research Informatics Center kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Translational Research Informatics Center kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Kyoundo Hospital kn-affil= en-keyword=Biochemical failure kn-keyword=Biochemical failure en-keyword=Brachytherapy kn-keyword=Brachytherapy en-keyword=External beam radiation therapy kn-keyword=External beam radiation therapy en-keyword=Predictive factors kn-keyword=Predictive factors en-keyword=Prostate cancer kn-keyword=Prostate cancer en-keyword=Risk group kn-keyword=Risk group END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=105 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=113 end-page=117 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transtibial pullout repair of medial meniscus posterior root tear restores physiological rotation of the tibia in the knee-flexed position en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=BACKGROUND:
Medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) results in joint overloading and degenerative changes in the knee. Favorable clinical outcomes have been reported after transtibial pullout repair of MMPRT. To date, however, in vivo tibial rotational changes before and after root repair remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate postoperative changes in tibial rotation following MMPRT pullout repair.
HYPOTHESIS:
Pathological external rotation of the tibia in the knee-flexed position is caused by MMPRT and is reduced after transtibial pullout repair.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Fifteen patients who underwent MMPRT pullout repair and 7 healthy volunteers were included. Magnetic resonance imaging examinations were performed in the 10° and 90° knee-flexed positions. The angles between the surgical epicondylar axis and a line between the medial border of the patellar tendon and the apex of the medial tibial spine were measured. Baseline was defined as a line lying at a right angle to the other, and a value was positive and negative when the tibia rotated internally and externally, respectively.
RESULTS:
In the volunteer's normal knees, tibial internal rotation was +1.00°±3.27° at 10° flexion and +4.14°±3.46° at 90° flexion. In the MMPRT preoperative knees, tibial internal rotation was +1.07°±3.01° at 10° flexion and +1.27°±2.96° at 90° flexion. In the postoperative knees, tibial internal rotation was +1.60°±2.85° at 10° flexion and +4.33°±2.89° at 90° flexion.
DISCUSSION:
This study demonstrates discontinuity of the MM posterior root may induce a pathological external rotation of the tibia during knee flexion and that MMPRT pullout repair reduces the pathological external rotation of the tibia in the knee-flexed position. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Okazaki Yuki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei= Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurumatsuTakayuki en-aut-sei=Furumatsu en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Kodama Yuya en-aut-sei=Kodama en-aut-mei= Yuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Hino Tomohito en-aut-sei=Hino en-aut-mei= Tomohito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=Kamatsuki Yusuke en-aut-sei=Kamatsuki en-aut-mei= Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=Okazaki Yoshiki en-aut-sei=Okazaki en-aut-mei= Yoshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=Masuda Shin en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei= Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=Miyazawa Shinichi en-aut-sei=Miyazawa en-aut-mei= Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=Endo Hirosuke en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei= Hirosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=Tetsunaga Tomonori en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei= Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=Yamada Kazuki en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei= Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=Magnetic resonance imaging kn-keyword=Magnetic resonance imaging en-keyword=Medial meniscus kn-keyword=Medial meniscus en-keyword=Posterior root tear kn-keyword=Posterior root tear en-keyword=Tibial rotation kn-keyword=Tibial rotation en-keyword=Transtibial pullout repair kn-keyword=Transtibial pullout repair END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=18 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190716 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Revolutionary Forces in Marx’s Theory and Marxism : Development? or Distortion? kn-title=変革主体論から見たマルクスの革命論とマルクス主義の革命論 : 発展？ それとも 歪曲？ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=1. Diffusion of Marxism and inflation of the concept “proletariat”
The concept of “proletariat” is the central concept of Marxism. However, its content varies according to times and regions. For Marx and Engels, proletarias are workers who work in the capitalist large industries, they overthrow the rule of capitalists through the revolution and are the subjects of the construction of society in the future. Kautsky put workers in small factories and small farmers into the category of proletariat. Lenin overestimated capitalist development in Russia and included farmers without horses into proletariat. In Mao Zedong, agricultural workers, rumpen, handmade workers, peasants, clerks and peddlers are also allowed to participate in the revolution. The concept of proletariat is inflated. As the region moves away from the center of the world system, the scope of participants in the revolution has been expanded.
2. “Proletariat” in Marx’s view on social development
In Marx, proletariat is given a privileged position as a revolutionary subject in the capitalist society. In the “formulation” of historical materialism, modern bourgeois society is given a privileged position in human history. Proletariat is privileged in dual sense. In this formulation, there is no social antagonism in the future society that Marx believes. This future society should be called a “community without law and state”. It is recognized that the development of capitalist production increases the number of workers and the ordinary electoral system increases possibilities of acquiring a working-class regime. Still, Capital insists that the revolution is inevitable. Marx and Engels never abandoned “revolutionism” throughout their lives.
3. Marx’s revolutionary strategy and British working class
For Marx and Engels, England is a typical country of capitalistic development, giving models to other countries.However, the English working class in the mid-19th century was not “revolutionary”. The English labor movement during this period had been internalized under the guidance of the “labor aristocrat”. Working class was integrated as “nation”. While cooperating with the reformists politically, Marx was argueing revolutionism in scientific books. While cooperating with the reformists politically, Marx was advocating revolutionism in Capital. In modern bourgeois society, it is usual that labor classes are integrated into a system as “nation” and labor movement is to become reformistic, but Marx could not analyze this situation as a problem of upper structure of capitalism in general. In England Marx cooperated with the reformist labor movement, but could not abandon his revolutionism.
4. Reform Movement and Revolutionism: German Revisionism Controversy and Russian Party Organization Controversy
At the German Social Democratic Party, there was coexistence of reformistic practice and ideology of revolutionism. Kautsky was a personal expression of this coexistence. He adhered to revolutionism, but acknowledged that socialist consciousness was brought into labor movement from the outside historically. Bernstein claimed that revolutionism is an obstacle to workers’ reform movement. In the controversy concerning the organization of the Russian Social Democratic Party, from the standpoint of revolutionalism, Lenin argued that “external injection” is necessary because the workers’ reform movement and the revolutionary socialist movement are not directly connected. The revolutionary forces are not necessarily the product of the capitalist big industry. Those who have abilities to resist the capitalist system, they can participate in the socialist revolution through the “external injection” of the revolutionary party. It can be said that the logic of “external injection” made it possible to disseminate Marxism to the semi-periphery and periphery.
5. Conclusion
The Marxist revolution theory is understood as the theory of “revolution of developed countryies”. This is because it assumes the proletariat produced by the capitalist big industry as the revolutionary subject. In the case of Marx, its understanding is correct. However, the successful acquisition of the regime by the Marxist was in “backward countries”. It can be said that the key to solving this paradox was in the unreality of the concept of “proletariat” at the core of Marx’s revolutionism. Marx’s “proletariat” has no realities in the working class in center of modern capitalit world system （“developed capitalist countries”）. On the other hand, various anti-systemic forces were formed as a revolutionary subject entity or “proletariat” by “external injection” of the revolutionary parties in semi-periphery and periphery （the “backward areas”）. Rosa Luxemburg called as “clique management （Cliquenwirtschaft）” the regime that such forces could aquire. Under the “clique management” system, people remained in the object of governance and never became the subject. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Ota Yoshiki en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Yoshiki kn-aut-name=太田仁樹 kn-aut-sei=太田 kn-aut-mei=仁樹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学名誉教授 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=255 end-page=262 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Improvement of Open Bite and Stomatognathic Function in an Axenfeld- Rieger Syndrome Patient by Orthodontic Sectional Arch Mechanics: Clinical Considerations and the Risk of Orthodontic Tooth Movement en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Orthodontists need to understand the orthodontic risks associated with systemic disorders. Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with genetic and morphological variability. The risks of orthodontic treatment in ARS patients have been unclear. Here we describe the correction of an anterior open bite in a 15-year-old Japanese female ARS patient by molar intrusion using sectional archwires with miniscrew implants. An undesirable development of external apical root resorption (EARR) was observed in all intrusive force-applied posterior teeth during the patient’s orthodontic treatment, suggesting that ARS patients have a higher risk of EARR than the general population. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekiDaisuke en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Daisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeshitaNobuo en-aut-sei=Takeshita en-aut-mei=Nobuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeiryuMasahiro en-aut-sei=Seiryu en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=DeguchiToru en-aut-sei=Deguchi en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=Takano-YamamotoTeruko en-aut-sei=Takano-Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Teruko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University kn-affil= en-keyword=Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome kn-keyword=Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome en-keyword=external apical root resorption kn-keyword=external apical root resorption en-keyword=miniscrew implant kn-keyword=miniscrew implant en-keyword=anterior open bite kn-keyword=anterior open bite END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=101 end-page=109 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201903 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Local Governments’ Use of External Legal Affairs Human Resources and Training of Internal Legal Affairs Human Resources : Focusing on Prefectures and Ordinance-designated Cities kn-title=自治体における外部法務人材の活用と内部法務人材の育成 : 都道府県、政令市を中心に en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UnakiMasahiro en-aut-sei=Unaki en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=宇那木正寛 kn-aut-sei=宇那木 kn-aut-mei=正寛 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=鹿児島大学学術研究院 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=73 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=201902 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Role of Kallikrein-Related Peptidases in Atopic Dermatitis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= Excessive protease activity is a characteristic abnormality that affects the epidermal barrier in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are excessively expressed in AD lesions, and it is suggested that the abnormal action of KLKs is involved in the skin barrier dysfunction in AD. In other words, overexpressed KLKs disrupt the normal barrier function, and due to that breakdown, external substances that can become antigens of AD easily invade the epidermis, resulting in dermatitis, coupled with the induction of Th2 cytokines. Further investigations are required to elucidate the role of KLKs in AD; this knowledge could contribute to the design of new therapeutic and prophylactic drugs for AD. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MorizaneShin en-aut-sei=Morizane en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=atopic dermatitis kn-keyword=atopic dermatitis en-keyword=kallikrein-related peptidases kn-keyword=kallikrein-related peptidases en-keyword=epidermal barrier dysfunction kn-keyword=epidermal barrier dysfunction END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=583 end-page=589 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=201812 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Rotational and Varus Instability in Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability: In Vivo 3D Biomechanical Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We retrospectively evaluated the altered biomechanics of the talus in 15 adult patients (7 males, 8 females) with chronic lateral ankle instability when the ankle joint moved actively from full dorsiflexion to full plantarflexion under a non-weight bearing condition. CT images were taken for the unstable ankle and the contralateral normal (control) ankle. Three-dimensional surface models of both ankle joints were reconstructed from the CT data, and we used a computer simulation program to compare both ankle motions of inversion/eversion in the coronal plane, plantarflexion/dorsiflexion in the sagittal plane, and internal rotation/external rotation in the axial plane. This evaluation method provides in vivo, dynamic, and 3D results of ankle motion. In the ankles with chronic lateral instability and the controls, the average talar rotational movement of inversion (+)/eversion (−) was 19.0° and 15.5° and the internal rotation (+)/external rotation (−) was 30.4° and 20.7°, respectively. Paired t-tests revealed significant differences in the amount of inversion (+)/eversion (−) (p=0.012) and internal rotation (+)/external rotation (−) (p<0.001) between unstable and normal ankle joints. The difference of mean rotational movement in internal rotation (9.7°) was greater than that of inversion (3.5°). Rotational instability should be considered when evaluating chronic lateral ankle instability. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ParkSe-Jin en-aut-sei=Park en-aut-mei=Se-Jin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Jeong Hwa-Jae en-aut-sei=Jeong en-aut-mei= Hwa-Jae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShinHun-Kyu en-aut-sei=Shin en-aut-mei=Hun-Kyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=Park Jai Hyung en-aut-sei=Park en-aut-mei= Jai Hyung kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LeeJaewook en-aut-sei=Lee en-aut-mei=Jaewook kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChoYongun en-aut-sei=Cho en-aut-mei=Yongun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=LeeSeok Won en-aut-sei=Lee en-aut-mei=Seok Won kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MuraseTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Murase en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkemotoSumika en-aut-sei=Ikemoto en-aut-mei=Sumika kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugamotoKazuomi en-aut-sei=Sugamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuomi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=KimEugene en-aut-sei=Kim en-aut-mei=Eugene kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine kn-affil= en-keyword=three-dimensional motion analysis kn-keyword=three-dimensional motion analysis en-keyword=chronic lateral ankle instability kn-keyword=chronic lateral ankle instability en-keyword=talus kn-keyword=talus en-keyword=ankle joint kn-keyword=ankle joint END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=81 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=063623 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20100614 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spin textures in condensates with large dipole moments en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= We have solved numerically the ground states of a Bose-Einstein condensate in the presence of dipolar interparticle forces using a semiclassical approach. Our motivation is to model, in particular, the spontaneous spin textures emerging in quantum gases with large dipole moments, such as Cr-52 or Dy condensates, or ultracold gases consisting of polar molecules. For a pancake-shaped harmonic ( optical) potential, we present the ground-state phase diagram spanned by the strength of the nonlinear coupling and dipolar interactions. In an elongated harmonic potential, we observe a helical spin texture. The textures calculated according to the semiclassical model in the absence of external polarizing fields are predominantly analogous to previously reported results for a ferromagnetic F = 1 spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, suggesting that the spin textures arising from the dipolar forces are largely independent of the value of the quantum number F or the origin of the dipolar interactions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HuhtamakiJ. A. M. en-aut-sei=Huhtamaki en-aut-mei=J. A. M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiM. en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SimulaT. P. en-aut-sei=Simula en-aut-mei=T. P. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizushimaT. en-aut-sei=Mizushima en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MachidaK. en-aut-sei=Machida en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=2391 end-page=2413 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200804 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Novel transcription-factor-like function of human matrix metalloproteinase 3 regulating the CTGF/CCN2 gene en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　Matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) is well known as a secretory endopeptidase that degrades extracellular matrices. Recent reports indicated the presence of MMPs in the nucleus (A. J. Kwon et al., FASEB J. 18:690-692, 2004); however, its function has not been well investigated. Here, we report a novel function of human nuclear MMP3 as a trans regulator of connective tissue growth factor (CCN2/CTGF). Initially, we cloned MMP3 cDNA as a DNA-binding factor for the CCN2/CTGF gene. An interaction between MMP3 and transcription enhancer dominant in chondrocytes (TRENDIC) in the CCN2/CTGF promoter was confirmed by a gel shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation. The CCN2/CTGF promoter was activated by overexpressed MMP3, whereas a TRENDIC mutant promoter lost the response. Also, the knocking down of MMP3 suppressed CCN2/CTGF expression. By cytochemical and histochemical analyses, MMP3 was detected in the nuclei of chondrocytic cells in culture and also in the nuclei of normal and osteoarthritic chondrocytes in vivo. The nuclear translocation of externally added recombinant MMP3 and six putative nuclear localization signals in MMP3 also were shown. Furthermore, we determined that heterochromatin protein gamma coordinately regulates CCN2/CTGF by interacting with MMP3. The involvement of this novel role of MMP3 in the development, tissue remodeling, and pathology of arthritic diseases through CCN2/CTGF regulation thus is suggested. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EguchiTakanori en-aut-sei=Eguchi en-aut-mei=Takanori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawataKazumi en-aut-sei=Kawata en-aut-mei=Kazumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MukudaiYoshiki en-aut-sei=Mukudai en-aut-mei=Yoshiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=UeharaJunji en-aut-sei=Uehara en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhgawaraToshihiro en-aut-sei=Ohgawara en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=IbaragiSoichiro en-aut-sei=Ibaragi en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiAkira en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo en-aut-sei=Kuboki en-aut-mei=Takuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakigawaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Takigawa en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Bio-Dental Research Center, Okayama University Dental School kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Biopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Biopathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=163 end-page=183 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20180319 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Development of the External Economic Policies in China : Reforms of Foreign Trade System, Opening of the whole area to the world kn-title=中国における開放経済への政策的展開 : 貿易投資体制改革，全方位・多元的開放を中心として en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TengJian en-aut-sei=Teng en-aut-mei=Jian kn-aut-name=滕鑑 kn-aut-sei=滕 kn-aut-mei=鑑 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=81 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20180226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Self-Restructuring Process through Utilization of External Organization in Public Sector: A Preliminary Thought kn-title=公共部門の外部組織利用を通じた自己革新プロセスに関する予備的考察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiiDaiji en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Daiji kn-aut-name=藤井大児 kn-aut-sei=藤井 kn-aut-mei=大児 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=大学院社会文化科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=74 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2018 dt-pub=20180226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Foreign Economic Cooperation of Planned Economy Era of China: Self-Reliance, External Trade, International Aid and Inbound Tourism Under the Autarky kn-title=中国の計画経済時代における対外経済 : 閉鎖経済下の自力更生，貿易，国際援助，インバウンドについて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TengJian en-aut-sei=Teng en-aut-mei=Jian kn-aut-name=滕鑑 kn-aut-sei=滕 kn-aut-mei=鑑 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=大学院社会文化科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=96 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page=104502 end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=201709 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spin-singlet superconductivity in the doped topological crystalline insulator Sn0.96In0.04Te en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The In-doped topological crystalline insulator Sn1−x InxTe is a candidate for a topological superconductor, where a pseudo-spin-triplet state has been proposed. To clarify the spin symmetry of Sn1−x InxTe, we perform 125Te-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements in polycrystalline samples with 0 x 0.15. The penetration depth calculated from the NMR line width is T independent below half the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) in polycrystalline Sn0.96In0.04Te, which indicates a fully opened superconducting gap. In this sample, the spin susceptibility measured by the spin Knight shift (Ks) at an external magnetic field of μ0H0 = 0.0872 T decreases below Tc, and Ks(T = 0)/Ks(T = Tc) reaches 0.36 ± 0.10, which is far below the limiting value 2/3 expected for a spin-triplet state for a cubic crystal structure. Our result indicates that polycrystalline Sn0.96In0.04Te is a spin-singlet superconductor. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MaedaSatoki en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Satoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiroseRyohei en-aut-sei=Hirose en-aut-mei=Ryohei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatanoKazuaki en-aut-sei=Matano en-aut-mei=Kazuaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NovakMario en-aut-sei=Novak en-aut-mei=Mario kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=AndoYoichi en-aut-sei=Ando en-aut-mei=Yoichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhengGuo-qing en-aut-sei=Zheng en-aut-mei=Guo-qing kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Physics Institute II, University of Cologne kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Physics, Okayama University kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20170929 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=金属表面へのタンパク質吸着に対する外部電場の影響とその酵素洗浄への応用 kn-title=Impact of external electric field on protein adsorption onto metal surface and the application to enzymatic cleaning en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Ei Ei Htwe en-aut-sei=Ei Ei Htwe en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Tchnology, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=940 end-page=949 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=201611 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Involvement of multiple CCN family members in platelets that support regeneration of joint tissues en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=OBJECTIVES: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely used to enhance the regeneration of damaged joint tissues, such as osteoarthritic and rheumatoid arthritic cartilage. The aim of this study is to clarify the involvement of all of the CCN family proteins that are crucially associated with joint tissue regeneration. METHODS: Cyr61-CTGF-NOV (CCN) family proteins in human platelets and megakaryocytic cells were comprehensively analyzed by Western blotting analysis. Production of CCN family proteins in megakaryocytes in vivo was confirmed by immunofluorescence analysis of mouse bone marrow cells. Effects of CCN family proteins found in platelets on chondrocytes were evaluated by using human chondrocytic HCS-2/8 cells. RESULTS: Inclusion of CCN2, a mesenchymal tissue regenerator, was confirmed. Of note, CCN3, which counteracts CCN2, was newly found to be encapsulated in platelets. Interestingly, these two family members were not detectable in megakaryocytic cells, but their external origins were suggested. Furthermore, we found for the first time CCN5 and CCN1 that inhibits ADAMTS4 in both platelets and megakaryocytes. Finally, application of a CCN family cocktail mimicking platelets onto HCS-2/8 cells enhanced their chondrocytic phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple inclusion of CCN1, 2 and 3 in platelets was clarified, which supports the harmonized regenerative potential of PRP in joint therapeutics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaraChikako en-aut-sei=Hara en-aut-mei=Chikako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaTakashi en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiasaMiki en-aut-sei=Hiasa en-aut-mei=Miki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HattoriTakako en-aut-sei=Hattori en-aut-mei=Takako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=AoyamaEriko en-aut-sei=Aoyama en-aut-mei=Eriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MoriyamaYoshinori en-aut-sei=Moriyama en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KamiokaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kamioka en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakigawaMasaharu en-aut-sei=Takigawa en-aut-mei=Masaharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Membrane Biochemistry , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences , Okayama University Dental School kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Membrane Biochemistry , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Orthodontics , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=CCN family kn-keyword=CCN family en-keyword=Cartilage kn-keyword=Cartilage en-keyword=Megakaryocyte kn-keyword=Megakaryocyte en-keyword=Platelet kn-keyword=Platelet en-keyword=Regeneration kn-keyword=Regeneration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=12 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=276 end-page=286 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20151210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title= Skin temperature changes during a footbath in patients who had had a stroke with consequent sensory impairment. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=AIM: The objectives of this study were to examine skin temperature changes on the unaffected and affected sides as well as changes in perceived temperature and comfort during a footbath in patients who had had a stroke with consequent sensory impairment. METHODS: The study used a quasi-experimental design in which the results of intervention for patients who had had a stroke and healthy adults were compared. The subjects were 20 patients who had had a stroke with consequent sensory impairment and 20 healthy adults. RESULTS: Before the footbath, the skin temperature of the dorsum of the foot on the affected side of the patient who had had a stroke was lower than that of the foot on the unaffected side. Five minutes after the start of the footbath, however, the relationship reversed, with the skin temperature on the affected side increasing in parallel with the water temperature. After the footbath, the dorsum skin temperature on the affected side was again lower than that on the unaffected side. In healthy adults, a difference was found in dorsum skin temperature between the left and right feet. In contrast with patients who had had a stroke, no reversal of the sides was found with the lower and higher temperature. CONCLUSION: Unlike in the healthy adults, the skin temperature of the patients who had had a stroke with consequent sensory impairment was susceptible to changes in the external environment. However, no significant changes in the physiological indices were seen, while perceived temperature and comfort remained at high levels after the footbath. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TokiKazue en-aut-sei=Toki en-aut-mei=Kazue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaiTerumi en-aut-sei=Yamai en-aut-mei=Terumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FukaiKiyoko en-aut-sei=Fukai en-aut-mei=Kiyoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Nursing, Senri Kinran University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Nursing, Baika Women's University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=footbath kn-keyword=footbath en-keyword=patient who had a stroke kn-keyword=patient who had a stroke en-keyword=sensory impairment kn-keyword=sensory impairment en-keyword=skin temperature kn-keyword=skin temperature END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=351 end-page=355 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=201708 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Robotic Renal Autotransplantation: First Case Outside of North America en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= A 38-year-old woman with a 2.7-cm left ureteral stenosis requiring chronic ureteral stent exchange elected to undergo robotic renal autotransplantation. Left ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) was also suspected. Robotic donor nephrectomy contributed to the fine dissection for desmoplastic changes. The kidney was removed through a Gelport and examined on ice. UPJO was not seen. An end-to-side robotic anastomosis was created between the renal and external iliac vessels. The console time was 507 min, and the warm ischemia time was 4 min 5 sec. She became stent-free. Robotic renal autotransplantation is a new, minimally invasive approach to renal preservation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKoichiro en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Koichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuiYosuke en-aut-sei=Mitsui en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SadahiraTakuya en-aut-sei=Sadahira en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaRisa en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Risa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishimuraShingo en-aut-sei=Nishimura en-aut-mei=Shingo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaTakashi en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=AriyoshiYuichi en-aut-sei=Ariyoshi en-aut-mei=Yuichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujioKei en-aut-sei=Fujio en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamotoAtsushi en-aut-sei=Takamoto en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoMorito en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Morito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiKatsumi en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Katsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=EbaraShin en-aut-sei=Ebara en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaninishiHideki en-aut-sei=Taninishi en-aut-mei=Hideki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=AmanoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Amano en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=InuiMasashi en-aut-sei=Inui en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeMasami en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeToyohiko en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Toyohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=20 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Department of Anesthesiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=Amano Clinic kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Department of Urology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=20 en-affil=Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=robotic surgery kn-keyword=robotic surgery en-keyword=renal autotransplantation kn-keyword=renal autotransplantation en-keyword=ureteral stenosis kn-keyword=ureteral stenosis en-keyword=laparoscopic surgery kn-keyword=laparoscopic surgery en-keyword=renal transplantation kn-keyword=renal transplantation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=279 end-page=289 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=201708 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Analysis of the Characteristics and Improved Use of Newly Developed CT-based Navigation System in Total Hip Arthroplasty en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We developed a surface matching-type computed tomography (CT)-based navigation system for total hip arthroplasty (the N-navi; TEIJIN NAKASHIMA MEDICAL, Okayama, Japan). In the registration step, surface matching was performed with digitizing points on the pelvic bone surface after coarse paired matching. In the present study, we made model bones from the CT data of patients whose acetabular shapes had various deformities. We measured the distances and angles after surface matching from the fiducial points and evaluated the ability to correct surface-matching registration on each pelvic form, using several areas and numbers of points. When the surface-matching points were taken on the superior area of the acetabulum, the correction was easy for the external direction, but it was difficult to correct for the anterior and proximal directions. The correction was difficult for external and proximal directions on the posterior area. Each area of surface-matching points has particular directions that are easily corrected and other directions that are difficult to correct. The shape of the pelvis also affected the correction ability. Our present findings suggest that checking the position after coarse paired matching and choosing the surface-matching area and points that are optimal to correct will improve the accuracy of total hip arthroplasty and reduce surgical times. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiiYosuke en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Yosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraKazuo en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomonori en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeTakamasa en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Takamasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaKazuki en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Kazuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoHirosuke en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Hirosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugitaNaohiko en-aut-sei=Sugita en-aut-mei=Naohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitsuishiMamoru en-aut-sei=Mitsuishi en-aut-mei=Mamoru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueTakayuki en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakashimaYoshio en-aut-sei=Nakashima en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Department of Intelligent Orthopaedic System Development, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical school kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=TEIJIN NAKASHIMA MEDICAL CO., LTD kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=TEIJIN NAKASHIMA MEDICAL CO., LTD kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=total hip arthroplasty kn-keyword=total hip arthroplasty en-keyword=CT-based navigation system kn-keyword=CT-based navigation system en-keyword=surface matching kn-keyword=surface matching END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=51 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2017 dt-pub=20170327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=An Attempt at Curriculum Improvement through an Evaluation by External Experienced Childcare Workers kn-title=カリキュラム改善における園外の保育経験者による評価導入の試み en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=　We commissioned external seven childcare workers with experience of early childhood education and care to evaluate the curriculum of a nursery school. Evaluation results reflected wide points of view based on the experiences of each evaluator. It was possible to specify the items of "unification of transcription and expression, and adoption of the plain style," "making of a plan in conformity with originality in facilities and the reality of the child," "making of a preservation of health plan," "reorganization by the PDCA cycle," and "confirmation between the staff" as factors related to curriculum improvement. The validity of the external evaluation by the childcare workers with experience was confirmed as a policy of curriculum improvement. kn-abstract=　本論は，保育現場における園のカリキュラム・マネジメントを活性化させるために，園外の保育経験者にカリキュラムの外部評価を依頼し，その評価内容と一連の評価方法について検討するものである。具体的には，地方政令市にあるA 保育園のカリキュラムを取り上げ，保育所保育士経験者及び幼稚園教諭経験者によって構成させる７名の外部評価者から，カリキュラムの評価を得た。その結果，外部評価者の勤務経験の違いを反映した，幅広い観点から，カリキュラムの評価できる点や問題点を確認することができた。カリキュラム改善の観点としては，「表記・表現の統一と分かりやすい様式の採用」「園の独自性や子どもの実態に即した計画の作成」「保健計画の作成」「PDCA サイクルによる再編成」「職員間での確認」の項目を明示することができた。カリキュラム改善の一方策として，保育経験者による外部評価に一定の有効性を確認した。 en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=BabaNoriko en-aut-sei=Baba en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name=馬場訓子 kn-aut-sei=馬場 kn-aut-mei=訓子 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuMariko en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Mariko kn-aut-name=清水眞里子 kn-aut-sei=清水 kn-aut-mei=眞里子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IyamaFusako en-aut-sei=Iyama en-aut-mei=Fusako kn-aut-name=井山房子 kn-aut-sei=井山 kn-aut-mei=房子 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KataokaKayoko en-aut-sei=Kataoka en-aut-mei=Kayoko kn-aut-name=片岡加代子 kn-aut-sei=片岡 kn-aut-mei=加代子 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoyanoHiroko en-aut-sei=Koyano en-aut-mei=Hiroko kn-aut-name=古埜弘子 kn-aut-sei=古埜 kn-aut-mei=弘子 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiragamiShigeko en-aut-sei=Shiragami en-aut-mei=Shigeko kn-aut-name=白神繁子 kn-aut-sei=白神 kn-aut-mei=繁子 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiramatsuYumiko en-aut-sei=Hiramatsu en-aut-mei=Yumiko kn-aut-name=平松由美子 kn-aut-sei=平松 kn-aut-mei=由美子 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=HachiyaSachiko en-aut-sei=Hachiya en-aut-mei=Sachiko kn-aut-name=蜂谷幸子 kn-aut-sei=蜂谷 kn-aut-mei=幸子 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishiyamaOsamu en-aut-sei=Nishiyama en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=西山修 kn-aut-sei=西山 kn-aut-mei=修 aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部 affil-num=2 en-affil=Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部 affil-num=3 en-affil=Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部 affil-num=4 en-affil=Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部 affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Music, Sakuyo Junior College of Music kn-affil=作陽音楽短期大学音楽学科 affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Music, Sakuyo Junior College of Music kn-affil=作陽音楽短期大学音楽学科 affil-num=7 en-affil=Faculty of Childhood Education, Kurashiki Sakuyo University kn-affil=くらしき作陽大学子ども教育学部 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=作陽音楽短期大学音楽学科 affil-num=9 en-affil=Graduate School of Education, Okayama University kn-affil=岡山大学大学院教育学研究科 en-keyword=カリキュラム改善 (curriculum improvement) kn-keyword=カリキュラム改善 (curriculum improvement) en-keyword=保育経験者 (the childcare workers with experience) kn-keyword=保育経験者 (the childcare workers with experience) en-keyword=外部評価 (external evaluation) kn-keyword=外部評価 (external evaluation) en-keyword=評価の観点 (viewpoints of evaluation) kn-keyword=評価の観点 (viewpoints of evaluation) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=303 end-page=306 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=201608 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Safety of Percutaneous Cryoablation in Patients with Painful Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors: A Single Center Prospective Study (SCIRO-1502) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This single center prospective study is being conducted to evaluate the safety of the cryoablation for patients with pathologically diagnosed painful bone and soft tissue tumors. Enrollment of 10 patients is planned over the 3-year recruitment period. Patients have related local pain after receiving medications or external radiation therapies will be included in this study. Cryoablation will be percutaneously performed under imaging guidance, and a temperature sensor will be used during treatment as necessary. The primary endpoint is prevalence of severe adverse events within 4 weeks after therapy. The secondary endpoint is effectiveness 4 weeks after the procedure. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IguchiToshihiro en-aut-sei=Iguchi en-aut-mei=Toshihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakuraiJun en-aut-sei=Sakurai en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakao en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=GobaraHideo en-aut-sei=Gobara en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraHiroyasu en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Hiroyasu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuiYusuke en-aut-sei=Matsui en-aut-mei=Yusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasaokaYoshihisa en-aut-sei=Masaoka en-aut-mei=Yoshihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanazawaSusumu en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= en-keyword=cryoablation kn-keyword=cryoablation en-keyword=soft tissue and bone tumor kn-keyword=soft tissue and bone tumor en-keyword=pain kn-keyword=pain en-keyword=safety kn-keyword=safety END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=223 end-page=227 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2016 dt-pub=201606 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Case of Metastatic Urachal Cancer Including a Neuroendocrine Component Treated with Gemcitabine, Cisplatin and Paclitaxel Combination Chemotherapy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present case report describes a case of recurrent and advanced urachal carcinoma including neuroendocrine features with iliac bone metastasis after partial cystectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of irinotecan and cisplatin in a 32-year-old man. He received gemcitabine/cisplatin/ paclitaxel (GCP) combination chemotherapy, consisting of gemcitabin (1,000mg/m2) on day 1, 8, cisplatin (70mg/m2) on day 1, and paclitaxel (80mg/m2) on day 1 and 8. After three cycles of chemotherapy, PET-CT showed complete regression of the disease. So the patient underwent total cystourethrectomy, and histological examination showed an almost complete pathological response. External beam radiation therapy was also given to the ileac bone metastasis regions. However, PET-CT taken 17 months after the external beam radiation showed multiple lung metastases. He received GCP chemotherapy again, which resulted in a complete response again after three cycles of chemotherapy. This is the first report on GCP chemotherapy used not only as a salvage chemotherapy but also as a rechallenge regimen for metastatic urachal cancer including a neuroendocrine component. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EbaraShin en-aut-sei=Ebara en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KobayashiYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Kobayashi en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasakiKatsumi en-aut-sei=Sasaki en-aut-mei=Katsumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ArakiMotoo en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Motoo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugimotoMorito en-aut-sei=Sugimoto en-aut-mei=Morito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKoichirou en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Koichirou kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujioKei en-aut-sei=Fujio en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakamotoAtsushi en-aut-sei=Takamoto en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeToyohiko en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Toyohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanaiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Yanai en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=NasuYasutomo en-aut-sei=Nasu en-aut-mei=Yasutomo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Departments of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Departments of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Departments of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=Departments of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Departments of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Departments of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Departments of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Departments of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Departments of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Departments of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Departments of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=15 article-no= start-page=6131 end-page=6141 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=20150415 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cryptochrome-dependent and -independent circadian entrainment circuits in Drosophila. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=　Entrainment to environmental light/dark (LD) cycles is a central function of circadian clocks. In Drosophila, entrainment is achieved by Cryptochrome (CRY) and input from the visual system. During activation by brief light pulses, CRY triggers the degradation of TIMELESS and subsequent shift in circadian phase. This is less important for LD entrainment, leading to questions regarding light input circuits and mechanisms from the visual system. Recent studies show that different subsets of brain pacemaker clock neurons, the morning (M) and evening (E) oscillators, have distinct functions in light entrainment. However, the role of CRY in M and E oscillators for entrainment to LD cycles is unknown. Here, we address this question by selectively expressing CRY in different subsets of clock neurons in a cry-null (cry0) mutant background. We were able to rescue the light entrainment deficits of cry0 mutants by expressing CRY in E oscillators but not in any other clock neurons. Par domain protein 1 molecular oscillations in the E, but not M, cells of cry0 mutants still responded to the LD phase delay. This residual light response was stemming from the visual system because it disappeared when all external photoreceptors were ablated genetically. We concluded that the E oscillators are the targets of light input via CRY and the visual system and are required for normal light entrainment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshiiTaishi en-aut-sei=Yoshii en-aut-mei=Taishi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Hermann-LuiblChristiane en-aut-sei=Hermann-Luibl en-aut-mei=Christiane kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KistenpfennigChrista en-aut-sei=Kistenpfennig en-aut-mei=Christa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SchmidBenjamin en-aut-sei=Schmid en-aut-mei=Benjamin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomiokaKenji en-aut-sei=Tomioka en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=Helfrich-FörsterCharlotte en-aut-sei=Helfrich-Förster en-aut-mei=Charlotte kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=2Neurobiology and Genetics, Theodor-Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg en-keyword=circadian clock kn-keyword=circadian clock en-keyword=clock neurons kn-keyword=clock neurons en-keyword=Cryptochrome kn-keyword=Cryptochrome en-keyword=Drosophila melanogaster kn-keyword=Drosophila melanogaster en-keyword=light entrainment kn-keyword=light entrainment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=69 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=301 end-page=306 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2015 dt-pub=201510 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Primary Duodenal Follicular Lymphoma Treated With Rituximab Monotherapy and Followed-up for 15 Years en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A 41-year-old woman was diagnosed with duodenal follicular lymphoma. She had no other lesions and was assigned to a "watch and wait" policy. Swelling of the inguinal lymph nodes appeared 45 months later, and rituximab monotherapy resulted in complete remission. However, follicular lymphoma recurred in the stomach, rectum and mesenteric and external iliac lymph nodes 81 months after the therapy. The patient received rituximab monotherapy again and has remained in complete remission in the fifteenth year after the initial diagnosis. This case suggests the usefulness of rituximab monotherapy in the long-term management of intestinal follicular lymphoma. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekiAnna en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Anna kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IwamuroMasaya en-aut-sei=Iwamuro en-aut-mei=Masaya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshiokaMasao en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Masao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiNobuharu en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Nobuharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoseSoichiro en-aut-sei=Nose en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakataKatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Takata en-aut-mei=Katsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshinoTadashi en-aut-sei=Yoshino en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKazuhide en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Molecular Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Internal Medicine, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Endoscopy, Okayama University Hospital affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Anatomic Pathology, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences en-keyword=follicular lymphoma kn-keyword=follicular lymphoma en-keyword=duodenum kn-keyword=duodenum en-keyword=rituximab kn-keyword=rituximab END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol= cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=76 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=201406 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Simplified approach to evaluate total external loading to Kojima Lake en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NISHIMURAShin-ichi en-aut-sei=NISHIMURA en-aut-mei=Shin-ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OKUBOKenji en-aut-sei=OKUBO en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MORITAHidenori en-aut-sei=MORITA en-aut-mei=Hidenori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KOSKIAHOJari en-aut-sei=KOSKIAHO en-aut-mei=Jari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TATTARISirrka en-aut-sei=TATTARI en-aut-mei=Sirrka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=125 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=129 end-page=134 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20130801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Usefulness of a newly developed tele-operating system for non-invasive ultrasound urodynamics kn-title=新しい遠隔操作装置を用いた超音波ドプラ排尿機能検査の有用性に関する検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We previously reported a non-invasive, transperineal, urodynamic technique using Doppler ultrasonography. Recently, we developed a new tele-operating system to control the robotic arm of the ultrasound probe that has a pressure-regulating function and a touch-panel that allows the operator to monitor the exact position of the probe. From January 2008 to April 2010, 61 cases were examined using this system. Among them, 41 cases were examined by 2 experienced doctors and 20 cases were examined by 5 inexperienced nurses. We then compared the success rate of taking images sufficient for analyzing the velocity parameters and preparation time for setup between these two groups. In 45 out of 61 cases, whose examinations were successfully carried out, the velocity-flow parameters were compared between 19 cases with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and 26 without BOO. Satisfactory images were obtained in 32 cases (78%) by doctors and in 13 cases (65%) by nurses. The preparation time was 9.8 seconds for doctors and 13.2 seconds for nurses, with no statistical difference. The functional cross-sectional area in the prostatic urethra (A1) was significantly smaller in the BOO(+) group (0.056?) compared to the BOO(-) group (0.360?). The velocity ratio (VR) was significantly higher in the BOO(+) group (1.89) than in the BOO(-) group (0.41). In conclusion, the newly developed tele-operating system has made it easier for an inexperienced examiner to obtain velocity parameters using Doppler ultrasound urodynamic measurement. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UematsuKatsutoshi en-aut-sei=Uematsu en-aut-mei=Katsutoshi kn-aut-name=上松克利 kn-aut-sei=上松 kn-aut-mei=克利 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科 泌尿器病態学 en-keyword=非侵襲排尿機能検査（non-invasive urodynamic study） kn-keyword=非侵襲排尿機能検査（non-invasive urodynamic study） en-keyword=超音波ドプラ（Doppler ultrasonography） kn-keyword=超音波ドプラ（Doppler ultrasonography） en-keyword=遠隔操作装置（tele-operating system） kn-keyword=遠隔操作装置（tele-operating system） en-keyword=下部尿路閉塞（bladder outlet obstruction） kn-keyword=下部尿路閉塞（bladder outlet obstruction） en-keyword=前立腺肥大症（benign prostatic hyperplasia） kn-keyword=前立腺肥大症（benign prostatic hyperplasia） END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=203 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=157 end-page=162 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mechanomyographic activity in the human lateral pterygoid muscle during mandibular movement en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The activity of the lateral pterygoid muscle has been regarded to be related to the pathological condition of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the craniomandibular disorders. Because the lateral pterygoid muscle is a deep muscle, a needle electrode is necessary for EMG recordings. The purpose of this study was to establish a non-invasive method for the evaluation of muscle activity of the lateral pterygoid muscle using mechanomyogram (MMG). In three male subjects, surface electromyogram (EMG) in the left masseter muscle, left anterior and posterior belly of the temporal muscle, left anterior belly of the digastric muscle and needle EMG of the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid were recorded during mandibular movement tasks simultaneously with the MMG derived from a condenser microphone in the external ear canal. There were significant positive correlations between the needle EMG signal of the lateral pterygoid muscle and the MMG signal for the tasks of static jaw opened position of 30 mm of interincisal distance (p = 0.000, R(2)=0.725), static jaw opened position of 40 mm of interincisal distance (p = 0.000, R(2) = 0.753), 5 mm protruded mandibular position (p = 0.000, R(2) = 0.653), the most protruded mandibular position (p = 0.000, R(2) = 0803). On the contrary, for the task of maximal clenching, there was no significant correlation between the EMG signal of the lateral pterygoid muscle and the MMG signal. These results suggest that the activity of the lateral pterygoid muscle could be evaluated by the MMG signals recorded in the external ear canal, unless jaw closing major muscles show active contraction. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawakamiShigehisa en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Shigehisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KodamaNaoki en-aut-sei=Kodama en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaNaoto en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Naoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakamotoShunichi en-aut-sei=Sakamoto en-aut-mei=Shunichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkiKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Oki en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiYoshinobu en-aut-sei=Yanagi en-aut-mei=Yoshinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaumiJun-Ichi en-aut-sei=Asaumi en-aut-mei=Jun-Ichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaTeruta en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Teruta kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinagiShogo en-aut-sei=Minagi en-aut-mei=Shogo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Occlusal & Oral Funct Rehabil affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Occlusal & Oral Funct Rehabil affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Occlusal & Oral Funct Rehabil affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Occlusal & Oral Funct Rehabil affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Occlusal & Oral Funct Rehabil affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Radiol affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univ, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Radiol affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Osaka Dent Univ, Dept Postgrad Clin Training affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Osaka Dent Univ, Dept Postgrad Clin Training en-keyword=Mechanomyogram kn-keyword=Mechanomyogram en-keyword=Electromyogram kn-keyword=Electromyogram en-keyword=Lateral pterygoid muscle kn-keyword=Lateral pterygoid muscle en-keyword=Jaw movement kn-keyword=Jaw movement END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=225 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=137 end-page=140 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=201303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=NMR study for electrochemically inserted Na in hard carbon electrode of sodium ion battery en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The state of sodium inserted in the hard carbon electrode of a sodium ion battery having practical cyclability was investigated using solid state 23Na NMR. The spectra of carbon samples charged (reduced) above 50 mAh g−1 showed clear three components. Two peaks at 9.9 ppm and 5.2 ppm were ascribed to reversible sodium stored between disordered graphene sheets in hard carbon because the shift of the peaks was invariable with changing strength of external magnetic field. One broad signal at about −9 to −16 ppm was assigned to sodium in heterogeneously distributed closed nanopores in hard carbon. Low temperature 23Na static and magic angle spinning NMR spectra didn't split or shift whereas the spectral pattern of 7Li NMR for lithium-inserted hard carbon changes depending on the temperature. This strongly suggests that the exchange of sodium atoms between different sites in hard carbon is slow. These studies show that sodium doesn't form quasi-metallic clusters in closed nanopores of hard carbon although sodium assembles at nanopores while the cell is electrochemically charged. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GotohKazuma en-aut-sei=Gotoh en-aut-mei=Kazuma kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshikawaToru en-aut-sei=Ishikawa en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimadzuSaori en-aut-sei=Shimadzu en-aut-mei=Saori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YabuuchiNaoaki en-aut-sei=Yabuuchi en-aut-mei=Naoaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KomabaShinichi en-aut-sei=Komaba en-aut-mei=Shinichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakedaKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Takeda en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoAtsushi en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=DeguchiKenzo en-aut-sei=Deguchi en-aut-mei=Kenzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhkiShinobu en-aut-sei=Ohki en-aut-mei=Shinobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashiKenjiro en-aut-sei=Hashi en-aut-mei=Kenjiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuTadashi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute for Materials Science affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute for Materials Science affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute for Materials Science affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute for Materials Science affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute for Materials Science affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=Sodium ion battery kn-keyword=Sodium ion battery en-keyword=Anode kn-keyword=Anode en-keyword=Hard carbon kn-keyword=Hard carbon en-keyword=23Na kn-keyword=23Na en-keyword=Solid state NMR kn-keyword=Solid state NMR END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=124 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=161 end-page=163 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2012 dt-pub=20120801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of syncope kn-title=失神の診断と治療 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiiNobuhiro en-aut-sei=Nishii en-aut-mei=Nobuhiro kn-aut-name=西井伸洋 kn-aut-sei=西井 kn-aut-mei=伸洋 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　循環器内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=3 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20111226 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=KED estimated distribution of Earth Scientific Information kn-title=KED法を用いた地球科学情報の分布推定 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=KED, the Kriging with External Drift, is one of the spatial statistical method for estimating some distribution from the discrete spatial sampled data set about the research field. The KED uses the kriging method (Matheron, 1973) with some auxiliary map to minimize the estimated error. The KED procedure was performed by the R-Language (Ihaka and Gentleman, 1996) using some geostatistical libraries. The auxiliary maps required by the KED were prepared by the authors with some GIS applications. The 3-dimensional geographic representations for the estimated distribution were performed by the Google Earth (Google, 2011). In this report, the KED was applied to some Earth scientific information to show the fundamental scheme of the method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamakawaJunji en-aut-sei=Yamakawa en-aut-mei=Junji kn-aut-name=山川純次 kn-aut-sei=山川 kn-aut-mei=純次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=EbiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Ebi en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name=海老貴宏 kn-aut-sei=海老 kn-aut-mei=貴宏 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsumotoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Matsumoto en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=松本宏文 kn-aut-sei=松本 kn-aut-mei=宏文 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部地球科学科 en-keyword=KED kn-keyword=KED en-keyword=Universal kriging kn-keyword=Universal kriging en-keyword=Regression kriging kn-keyword=Regression kriging en-keyword=R-Language kn-keyword=R-Language en-keyword=Google Earth kn-keyword=Google Earth END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=325 end-page=328 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201110 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Covert Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A New Minimally Invasive Technique en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To further improve our developed transumbilical endoscopic surgery (TUES), we developed a completely covert laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Twelve cases of LC were recruited for this new approach. First, a 10-mm trocar was placed above the umbilicus for inserting the laparoscope. Two 5-mm trocars were then placed near the right and left ends of the superior margin of the suprapubic hair. After the 5-mm 30° laparoscope was shifted to the left suprapubic trocar, the harmonic scalper, electric hook, and grasper were inserted either through the 10-mm umbilical trocar or through the right suprapubic trocar. All gallbladders were successfully removed without intraoperative complications. The mean operating time was 28.5±5.7min (range 20-45min). All patients felt well after surgery and did not need postoperative analgesia. They resumed free oral intake 6h after the procedure. All patients were satisfied with the appearance of the incisions, which were completely hidden in the umbilicus and suprapubic hair. The approach we developed has overcome both external instrument interference around the umbilicus and the loss of triangulation in the operative field. It is relatively simpler than a typical TUES and offers better cosmetic results. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HuHai en-aut-sei=Hu en-aut-mei=Hai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhuJiang Fan en-aut-sei=Zhu en-aut-mei=Jiang Fan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HuangAn Hua en-aut-sei=Huang en-aut-mei=An Hua kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=XinYing en-aut-sei=Xin en-aut-mei=Ying kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=XuAn An en-aut-sei=Xu en-aut-mei=An An kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChenBingguan en-aut-sei=Chen en-aut-mei=Bingguan kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai East Hospital affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai East Hospital affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai East Hospital affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai East Hospital affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai East Hospital affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai East Hospital en-keyword=laparoscopy kn-keyword=laparoscopy en-keyword=cholecystectomy kn-keyword=cholecystectomy en-keyword=scarless surgery kn-keyword=scarless surgery END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=52 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=1348 end-page=1356 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20110315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A MAC-address Relaying NAT Router for Host Identification from Outside of Internal Network kn-title=内部ネットワーク上のホストを外部から識別するためのMACアドレス中継型NATルータ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=As an alleviation method against IPv4 address exhaustion problem, NAT (Network Address Translation) has been commonly used. Since NAT allows many internal hosts to share one single global IP address, it can save the number of required global IP addresses. However, with NAT, each internal host cannot be identified from the external network. Consequently, if access control system on external network would permit network access from one internal host, it automatically would permit all network access from any other internal hosts as well, for example. In this paper, we propose a NAT router with MAC address relaying function that copies the source MAC address of receiving frames sent by internal hosts into frames sent to the external network since source MAC addresses, which are the sender identifiers in data link layer, are basically unused except for MAC address learning function of layer 2 switches. According to the results of experiments, we confirmed that the prototype NAT router with MAC address relaying function allows access to external networks by internal hosts to be controlled individually based on MAC address and obtains high throughput as well. kn-abstract=IPv4アドレスの枯渇問題の軽減策の1つとして，NAT（Network Address Translation）がある．NATは複数の内部ホストが1つのグローバルIPアドレスを共用できるため，必要なグローバルIPアドレスの数を節約できる．しかし，外部ネットワーク側では個々の内部ホストを識別できないため，たとえば外部ネットワーク側でアクセス制御を行うと，1台の内部ホストが外部ネットワークに対するアクセス許可を受けただけで他の内部ホストまで外部ネットワークにアクセス可能な状態になるなどの問題が生じる．そこで，本論文ではデータリンク層での送信元識別子である送信元MACアドレスが基本的にはレイヤ2機器のMACアドレス学習機能にしか使われていない点に着目し，内部ホストから送信されたフレームに含まれる送信元MACアドレスをそのまま外部ネットワーク側に中継する機能を持つNATルータを提案する．本提案に基づいて試作したNATルータを評価した結果，MACアドレスに基づいて内部ホストを個別にアクセス制御でき，また十分なスループットが得られることを確認した． en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamaiNariyoshi en-aut-sei=Yamai en-aut-mei=Nariyoshi kn-aut-name=山井成良 kn-aut-sei=山井 kn-aut-mei=成良 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiRyo en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Ryo kn-aut-name=村上亮 kn-aut-sei=村上 kn-aut-mei=亮 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkayamaKiyohiko en-aut-sei=Okayama en-aut-mei=Kiyohiko kn-aut-name=岡山聖彦 kn-aut-sei=岡山 kn-aut-mei=聖彦 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakamuraMotonori en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Motonori kn-aut-name=中村素典 kn-aut-sei=中村 kn-aut-mei=素典 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学情報統括センター affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学情報統括センター affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=国立情報学研究所 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=546 end-page=569 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1928 dt-pub=19280331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the regulation of blood coagulation from the pharmacological point of view (Part I) On the mehods of determining both the coagulation time of blood and some coagulative components, and on certain conditions to act upon them kn-title=藥物學的ニ窺ヒタル血液凝固ノ調節機轉ニ關スル研究 其1 血液凝固時間及ビ凝固要素ノ測定法竝ニ之ニ影響スル諸種ノ條件ニ就テ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Before the regulation of blood coagulation should be studied pharmacologically, I have, first of all as a means requisite for the desired object, selected out of or improved the existing method of determining both the coagulation time and coagulable components. In the second place, after giving some critical comments on those methods and making carful experiments upon various ploblems that have not yet been solved comprehensively, I have brought to light some conclusive evidences which stand test fairly, as follows: I 1; My own apparatus used for measuring the required time for clotting is but simple. As seen in Fig. 1, two glass-cylinders are put in an oblong kettle, Petres' diches of big size being put in each cylinder. Either cold or hot water or ice-water is filled up in these vessels, in order to keep on a difinite temperature. while the dishes being filled with a piece of gauze well soaked in water. A piece of filter-paper is laid on it, on which a watch-glass is put. The mater to be tested is run dawn on the glass. As for the determination of coagulation time, a hooked glass-thread is used for hooking the matter up at about the middle of it every 15 seconds. The first period of coagulation time lasts until when a tiny piece of fibrin sticks on the end of the glass-thread, and the second period comes to an end as a whole coagulated blood is crear of the face of the watch-glass by means of a glass-rod. This method requires no special skill in practice, and is good for oft-repeated experiments because of a little amount of blood used, and is not only affected by the change of external temperature and humidity, but has also an advantage of pointing out each end of the two periods precisely. 2. While there is an average value of 30 minutes for the coagulation time of a normal rabbit at the temperature ranging from 21°C to 23°C by Fonio's method, my own method takes far less time, an average time for coagulation being 7 minutes at 20°C in the first period, varying from 6.5 to 8 minutes, while taking 15.5 minutes on an average the second period, ranging from 12 minutes to 18.5 minutes. When tried with a single animal, it takes 15 seconds in the first period, and 30 to 45 seconds in the second period respectively, under repeated tests of blood. 3. By my method, as by Fonio's, there is some difference in coagulation time according as the amount of blood used. There exists, however, but little disparity in time in either experiment with a difinite amount used from 0.5 to 2.0 cc by Fonio's method, or with the amount of 2 to 4 gtt. by mine. Any increased amount of blood does not always run parallel to the length of its coagulation time, nor the coagulation is strikingly belated on account of a little amount used. 4. It is an unchangeable fact that the external temperature has no less influence upon the coagulation time. It has been tried by my method at the temperature ranging from 5° to 42°C, marking by drawing a curve line, as do by Bürker's, the result, which shows both the first and second period of coagulation become shorter as the external temperature rises higher. 5. The influence of body temperature upon the coagulation time of blood was inspected by means of heat puncture with a result showing the fact that there is a well-defined parallelism between the curves of the change of body temperature and coagulation time. 6. While it is true that certain amount of carbonic acid in blood plays part in its coagulation time, scholars opinion on the variation of clotting time between the venous and arterial blood has not agreed yet, it has been confirmed the fact that the coagulation time of the former is certainly longer than that of the latter in my own experiments by Fonio's method; but it is not certain whether it is due to only the difference in the tension of carbonic gas. II 1. My methods of measuring fibrinogen, thrombin, anti-thrombin have been much improved based on the principle of Wohlgemuth's methods, are not only good for repeated examinations, but are, also, able to indicate the desired results in a mere fragments of time. 2. Owing to the individuality of animals, the contained amount of those components varies, but when it is repeatedly experimented on the same animal, the result is generally unchangeable. 3. Fibrinogen solution used by myself contains prothrombin. 4. While the potency of serum decreases with the lapse of time, if it is applied to actively, no preeeptible change can be seen in its activity so long as several houres after its being taken out. It is, therefore, best fitted, accompany-ing no great troubles, to use an active serum as thrombin solution in measuring fibrinogen in blood. 5. Serum contains some amount of kinase, yet the amount of calcium in serum is too little for kinase to present itself in its activity, so that the coagulable power of serum on fibrinogen is strengthend when some of calcium is added to the serum in case the power relaxes in both normal condition and wanting in calcium. I doubt kinase will sway a great influence upon my method of measuring thrombin in serum. 6. Hybrid-serum coagulate fibrinogen and transform it into fibrin but the speed of transforming being greatly varied, it may be safely be said the serum has a singular property so far as coagulation time is conserned. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaHisashi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hisashi kn-aut-name=田中龜 kn-aut-sei=田中 kn-aut-mei=龜 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學藥物學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=46 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201105 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Introduction of the facility for laboratory animals at National Institute of Radiological Sciences kn-title=（独）放射線医学総合研究所実験動物開発・管理課の紹介 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=放射線医学総合研究所(放医研)は1957年の創立以来､放射線と人々の健康に関わる研究開発に多数分野の学問を糾合して総合的に取り組む国内で唯一の研究開発機関である。放医研の動物実験の特徴は①多種の線種･核種の放射性物質を実験動物に照射後､長期に渡って飼育することによる生物学的影響を検索すること。② そのため､微生物学的に厳密に統御された動物を用いる必要があること､③放射性物質を用いた多種のイメージング装置による撮像の2点である。用いられる動物種は魚類から霊長類まで幅広く､飼育期間も数日で終了するものもあれば､約2年間に渡って飼育する場合もある。更に､実験終了後の動物死体､臓器はRI廃棄物､核燃料廃棄物として扱 わねばならないと云う制約がある等通常の動物実験では必要とされない特殊な対応が求められている。放医研構内にこれらの動物実験施設は11ヶ所設置されており､放射線管理区域と動物管理区域がこれらの施設内で混在していることから実験者の立ち入りについても厳重な管理とそれに先立つ教育訓練を実施している。このように国内はもとより､国外でも稀な施設管理が求められているが2009年に国公私動協による外部検証で施設管理および動物倫理･福祉に配慮した適正な動物実験の遂行について高い評価を得た。 kn-abstract=Since its founding in 1957, the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) has been the only research and development institution in Japan dedicated to comprehensive research and development of radiation and health with various scientific disciplines. The main characteristics of laboratory animal experiments at NIRS are as follows: (1) the study of long-term biological effects on labol'8tory animals after exposure of various line types to nuclides of radioactive substances, (2) the use of animals maintained under strict quality control from a microbiological viewpoint, and (3) the use of wide range of imaging devices to capture images when radioactive substances are used. We deal with various types of animals, from fish to primates, and the breeding and feeding periods of these animals range from few days to approximately 2 years. Furthermore, special attention is given to carcasses and organs of laboratory animals that are treated as RI as well as nuclear fuel wastes, whereas such a restriction does not apply in regular experiments. There are 11 animal experimentation facilities at NIRS. The radiation control and animal management areas are located next to each other on the same site, and radiation workers at these areas are under supervision, strict management, and control. Safety education and training program are also provided to workers as a prerequisite. Not only from a Japanese but also from a global standard viewpoint, a high level of safety management is required for these facilities. During an external assessment in 2009, we received high evaluation marks from the Japanese Association of Laboratory Animal Facilities of National University Corporations and the Japanese Association of Laboratory Animal Facilities of Public and Private Universities for performing animal experiments with consideration of the ethical aspects and well-being of laboratory animals, as well as for the management of facilities. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishikawaTetsu en-aut-sei=Nishikawa en-aut-mei=Tetsu kn-aut-name=西川哲 kn-aut-sei=西川 kn-aut-mei=哲 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=独立行政法人放射線医学総合研究所基盤技術センター研究基盤技術部実験動物開発・管理課 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=65 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=135 end-page=141 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201104 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Long-term effect of external beam radiotherapy of optic disc hemangioma in a patient with von hippel-lindau disease en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An 18-year-old woman with a 2-year history of hypertension and headache was diagnosed with noradrenalin-secreting bilateral adrenal pheochromocytomas with paragangliomas in the background of von Hippel-Lindau disease with family histories and a missense mutation, 712C to T (Arg167Trp) in the VHL gene. She had optic disc hemangioma in the left eye which gradually enlarged and caused serous retinal detachment on the macula in one year. Low-dose external beam radiation (20 Gy) was administered to the left eye using a lens-sparing single lateral technique. She underwent craniotomy for cerebellar hemangioblastoma at the age of 22 years and total pancreatectomy for multiple neuroendocrine tumors at the age of 24 years. In the 6-year follow-up period after the radiotherapy, the optic disc hemangioma gradually reduced in size and its activity remained low, allowing good central vision to be maintained. External beam radiation is recommended as a treatment option for the initial therapy for optic disc hemangioma. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HimeiKengo en-aut-sei=Himei en-aut-mei=Kengo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshiiKeita en-aut-sei=Ishii en-aut-mei=Keita kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchimuraKouichi en-aut-sei=Ichimura en-aut-mei=Kouichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanaiHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Yanai en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoseSoichiro en-aut-sei=Nose en-aut-mei=Soichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=MimuraTetsushige en-aut-sei=Mimura en-aut-mei=Tetsushige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Departments of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Medical School and Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Medicine, Chugoku Central Hospital affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Pathology, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Departments of Surgery, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital en-keyword=retinal (papillary, optic disc) hemangioma kn-keyword=retinal (papillary, optic disc) hemangioma en-keyword=von Hippel-Lindau disease kn-keyword=von Hippel-Lindau disease en-keyword=pheochromocytoma kn-keyword=pheochromocytoma en-keyword=pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor kn-keyword=pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor en-keyword=external beam radiation (radiotherapy) kn-keyword=external beam radiation (radiotherapy) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=49 cd-vols= no-issue=7 article-no= start-page=1425 end-page=1476 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1937 dt-pub=19370731 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Notes on the embryonic development of Dicrocoelium dendriticum and Eurytrema pancreaticum kn-title=鎗形吸蟲Miracidium及ビ膵吸蟲Miracidiumノ發育 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Both of Dicrocoelium dendriticum and Eurytrema pancreaticum belong to the family Dicrocoelidae. The miracidia of the former are indistinguishable from those of the latter. And as for the study of embryonic development of these miracidia it remains unknown, excepting only a few and brief reports about the miracidia of the former. The author studied these problems under the guidance of Prof. M. Suzuki. Prof. M. Suzuki has the opinion that in the embryonic development the arrangement of the divided cells are not cotyledonous. As to this observation, the author has endorsed the professor's excellent views. The author's careful and detailed studies about the embryonic development of these miracidia are summaried as follows: I. Concerning the embryonic development of the miracidium of the Dicrocoelium dendriticum. 1) The larger one of the two cells, which is produced by the first division of the eggcell begins to divide more and more, and 4-5 large cells so produced go to the inside of the eggshell, spreading their protoplasma. They cover the inside of the eggshell closely. And the author named this membrane, the first shellmembrane. And then 5-6 cells of the same type surround closely the body of the miracidium together after spreading their protoplasma in the similiar manner, except at the head and tail of the miracidium. After a little delay one cell goes to near both head and tail of the miracidium and covers the rest of the shellmembrane. Thus the three kinds of the shellmembrane are brought to completion. The author named them the 1st, 2nd and 3rd shellmembrane, 2) The smaller one of the two divided cells begins to devide a little later, but after the large cell has divided into 5-6 large cells, it begins to divide rapidly. And so in the morula period the total amount of the cells in addition to the large cells, reaches 35-36, in this period of the development, the large cells organize the epidermis of the miracidium, and one large cell exists in every three parts of the boby, the head, the centrum of the body and the tail individually. The remaining parts of the body are filled with small cells, an the above described 35-36 cells answer the purpose of organ foundation. 3) The Epidermis of the miracidium consists of the 8 large cells, which are situated in a definite arrangement, and upon the surface of the epidermis the countless cilia come to existence. Just under this epidermis, there is a subcutaneous layer. 4) on the surface of the above described 8 cells is situated an extraordinarily thin and transparent cuticula. This cuticula is not due to a definite cell, but is produced by a change in the external surface of the epidermis into cuticula. 5) This miracidium has two kinds of subcutaneous muscle, the one is longitudinal muscle fiber and the other is horizontal muscle fiber. The development of the former is remarkably primitive, but the lattter, especially the sphincterial muscle in the middle part of the miracidium, developes well. These mucle fibers come to existence from the small type of cells. 6) The four large cells form the intestine of the miracidium situated on the anterior part of the miracidium, but it is a rudimentary organ, because no one can investigate the food in it. Afterwards these four cells turn into so called syncytium. The comleted intestine is a rectangle and never represents an isosceles triangle as seen in the miracidium of Eurytrema pancreaticum. 7) Before the intestine building, the stingdrawer is completed. The muscle is made from the small cells, which existed in the organ foundation in the middle part of the body and makes a thin muscle layer along the both side of the intestinal wall. The anterior end of the mucle fiber goes to the anterior subctaneous layer of the miracidium. The posterior end connects to the nervous cell group. 8) The central nervous system is made from the deeply stained small cells, which exist in the equator part of the miracidium in the morula period, 1-2 of the cells exist each, just near the ventral side and afterwards each cellgroucp onnects by sending out nervous fiber. Thus the shape of the nervous system just resembles a dump-bell, and it sends out 6 nervous trunks. 9) The excretory vesicle is characteristic in this miracidium, which is seen at the posterior part of the mature miracidium as a long ellipse. In spite of the views of Leukart, Henkel and Mattes who regared this organ as a germ cell, the author's observation obtained quite different results. The author studied the detailed structure and obtained the following result. The excretory vesicle is made from 2 large cells each having an excretory duct and excretory pore. And these contain granules with quite the same size and structure. These points are suffcient to decide with firm confidence that this organ is an excretory vesicle. The flame cells situated at each side of the central nervous systems. And the detailed development of it as well as the excretory duct are all beyond observation, because of their extraordinary minuteness. 10) The germ cell makes its characteristic appearance in the early period of development. The germ cell is made from two large cells, and according to the progress of the development come to the syncyticum in deeply stained. II. Concerning the embryonic development of the miracidium of the Eurytrema Pancreaticum : About the development of the this miracidium it is quite identical with that of the former, except for a few points described below. 1) The from of the eggshell is shorter and large in comparison with that of the Dicrocnelium dendriticum and the ratio of the longer axis of the egg to the shorter one is 1:1.3-15, while it is 1:1.9-2.2 in the case of Dicrocoelium dendriticum. The intestine is also larger, representing an isosceles triangle and is of crown form through the peculiar ring muscle fiber on the head of the intestine. The longer axis of the excretory vesicle runs at an angle of 35°-45° to that of the egg, instead of paralell as in the case of the Dicrocoelium dendriticum. 2) In the mature miracidium of this worm, the epidermis cells of the tails melt in Karyolysis. The ring muscle of head cosists of two small cells. This is the characteristic point of this miracidium and is helpful to distinguish this mircidium from that of Dicrocoelium dendriticum. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MikiYukiharu en-aut-sei=Miki en-aut-mei=Yukiharu kn-aut-name=三木行治 kn-aut-sei=三木 kn-aut-mei=行治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學細菌學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=56 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=118 end-page=126 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1944 dt-pub=19440229 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Action current of the compound eye of some insects kn-title=複眼ノ活動電流 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Since the discovery of Holmgren, the retinal action current has been investigated by many authors; recently Hartline on limulus, Jahn and Crescitteli on grasshopper, and Adrian on water beetle. The author studied on this subject using the compound eyes of grasshopper (Locusta danica), locust, water beetle (Cybister japonica) and fire-fly (Luciola cruciata). The experimental procedure and the results are in short, summarized as follows: Method: The retinal action current from the eye of decapitated animals was obtained with a pair of nonpolarizable electrode, placing the one on the decapitated cut end and the other on the surface of the cornea, and the current was recorded by Siemen's oscillograph. A small electric lamp from short distance was employed as stimulus. Results: 1) When the eye was stimulated by allight, a complex effect, i.e. after a small positive deflection (a-wave), soon followed by a sharp negative one (b-wave), after which a very slower one (c-wave) was observed. When the lithdrawn, there occurred also an off-effect (d wave). These waves coincide with those observed on frog's retina, indicating that three different processes occur together in the stimulated retina. 2) The magnitude of the deflection of b-wave increased with the duration of dark adaptation. 3) The magnitude of the deflection of b-wave was proportinal to the strength of the light. 4) Among amylalcohol, cocain, taurocholic acid and digitonine, when applied to the eye externally, the most effective drug, which diminishes the magnitude of the negative variation of retinal action current, was digitonine, while other drugs have little or no effect. 5) From the fact that cocain has no effect, we can conclude that the action current of retina does not depend on nervous element, but depends on the photosensitive substance which was dissolved out and disintegrated by digitonine. The substance is perhaps photosensitive substance in cone, because grasshopper retina has no rods. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KônoMinoru en-aut-sei=Kôno en-aut-mei=Minoru kn-aut-name=河野實 kn-aut-sei=河野 kn-aut-mei=實 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山醫科大學生理學教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=2297 end-page=2300 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=19561231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Study on the development of the sinus maxillaris in children by tomography Chapter III: Correlation between the development of the maxillary sinus of children and the shape of their face kn-title=「レ」線断層撮影装置応用による小児上顎洞発育に関する研究 第三編 小児上顎洞発育度と顔型との相関関係に就いて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The relation between the development of the paranasal sinus of school children and the shape of their face was studied. (1) The maxillary sinus area, ethmoidal sinus area and frontal sinus area have a high correlation with the up-down, left-right and anterior-posterior diameters, respectively. (2) The maxillary sinus area, and ethmoidal sinus area have a close correlation with the maximum head length, zygomatic arch width, external eye-orbit diameter, mandibular angle width, nasal height, morphological upper face height and morphological face height. However, the frontal sinus area has no correlation with them. (3) It is not clarified by my experiment, whether the mandible of pupils has any relation to the development of their paransal sinus. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NemotoEiki en-aut-sei=Nemoto en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name=根本栄記 kn-aut-sei=根本 kn-aut-mei=栄記 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=2289 end-page=2296 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=19561231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Study on the development of the sinus maxillaris in children by tomography Chapter II: Relation between the developmental course of the maxillary sinus of children and the development of their teeth kn-title=「レ」線断層撮影装置応用による小児上顎洞発育に関する研究 第二編 小児上顎洞発育過程並に歯芽発育との関係に就いて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=School children with the average size of the head were studied as the experimental subjects. (1) The left-right diameter and area of the maxillary sinus of 5th year. boys and 2nd year girls were remarkably increased. The up-down diameter of 5th and 6th year boys and the 2nd and 5th year girls and the anterior-posterior diameter of 3rd and 6th year boys and of 2nd and 5th year girls were also remarkably increased. (2) The sinus bottom of first year boys was located at 2/3 of the lower nasal canal and that of first year girls at 5/9 of the lower nasal canal. The sinus bottom of 4th year boys and 2nd year girls was of the same height as the nasal bottom. (3) Before the cuspid grew, the external edge of the cuspid sack was 1.0cm outside of the extremely external edge of the lower nasal canal, its upper edge 1.0cm. above the nasal bottom and its posterior edge within 2.0cm straightly backward from the tip of the spina nasalis anterior. (4) The distance from the dental sack (at the root of teeth) to the sinus bottom was short in first, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year pupils (cuspid, 2nd bicuspid 2nd and 3rd molar teeth), in 5th pupils (2nd bicuspid, 2nd and 3rd molar teeth) and in 6th pupils (first, 2nd and 3rd molar teeth). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NemotoEiki en-aut-sei=Nemoto en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name=根本栄記 kn-aut-sei=根本 kn-aut-mei=栄記 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=2281 end-page=2287 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=19561231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Study on the development of the sinus maxillaris in children by tomography Chapter I: Developmental course of the face and skull in children kn-title=「レ」線断層撮影装置応用による小児上顎洞発育に関する研究 第一編 小児顔面頭蓋発育過程に就いて en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to clarify the developmental course of the maxillary sinus of children by tomography, I wished to obtain the average size of the head of male and female primary school pupils in each school year as the experimental data and measured the face and skull of 1742 pupils at 10 places. (1) The zygomatic arch width, external eye-orbit diameter, mandibular angle width and nasal height of male and female 3rd year pupils were found to be remarkably developed. The minimum frontal width of 5th year boys and 3rd year girls was also markedly developed. (2) The maximum head length, maximum head width, morphological upper face height and morphological face height of boys and girls in each school year were increasingly well developed. (3) The inter inner canthus width of all pupils in each school year was not increased. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NemotoEiki en-aut-sei=Nemoto en-aut-mei=Eiki kn-aut-name=根本栄記 kn-aut-sei=根本 kn-aut-mei=栄記 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=69 cd-vols= no-issue=12 article-no= start-page=3057 end-page=3071 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=19571231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Stereometric observations of bronchi of newborns by means of synthetic resin. Type, angle and direction of the bronchial ramification observed in 58 moulds of bronchial tree which were made avilable by pouring synthetic resin into lunge kn-title=合成樹脂注入法による新生児胎児気管枝の立体的観察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Experimental Method: 1) Reagents: Colloidal fluids used were following: 1. {Methylmetacrylate 100,0g. Benzoyl Peroxide 2.4g. These reagents were mixed in a temperature below 85°C. Just before the experiment, 2 and 3 are added to 1. 2. Polymer 120,0 g. 3. Dibuthyl Phthalate 1,0 g. 2) How to make moulds: 1. Resin was directly poured into lungs, after cutting off bronchus, under vocal chords, without removing lungs. Hydrochloric acid and water were used as the postmanagement, which removed putride tissues. 2. Total quantity of resin colloids were 2.5-8.0 c. c. Pouring pressure was below 100 mm H(2)O. Results: 6.732 bronchial anfles were observed: 1. Raminification angles of bronchus enlarged in the portion of maturity of newborns, depth and length of neonatal breath. This phenomen appeared frequently in angles of external stratum. 2. In ramification type, right upper lobe chiefly showed two ramifications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MitsutaniShiro en-aut-sei=Mitsutani en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name=満谷士郎 kn-aut-sei=満谷 kn-aut-mei=士郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産婦人科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=69 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=737 end-page=743 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=19570331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Statistical Study on Chorioepithelioma kn-title=悪性絨毛上皮腫の統計的観察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Statistical studies were carried out on seventy eight in-patients with chorioepithelioma at the Gynecological Dept. of Okayama University Medical School during the period from 1945 to 1955. The following results were obtained. The frequency of chorioepithelioma cases was 0.5 per cent, of gynecological in-patients during the said period, and average ages of these in-patients were thirty five years. Cases caused by hydatidiform moles were 57, 69 per cent and by artificial abortions, which have been remarkably prevailing after the end of the last World War, formed 10.25 per cent, of these in-patients. As for the latency period, it was less than six months on 90.75 per cent of these in-patients. Further, the followings were observed that most of these in-patients presented the symptoms of anemia, and 92.75 per cent of them had abnormally big uterus and on 42.62 per cent of these in-patients, cystic swells in the ovaries were seen. Besides, 44.87 per cent of them were subjected to metastasis, particularly on their vaginas and lungs, and on the external genitals, cerebrum, abdomen and bladder in frequent order. Methods of treatment, applied on these in-patients, were as follows. Operation (total hysterectomy has been adopted in principle at this Dept): 39.74 per cent Combined method of operation and radiotherapy: 46.15 per cent Radiotherapy method: 11.53 per cent Chemotheraphy method: 2.56 per cent The prognosis of these in-patients, after the foresaid treatment, were as follows. Primary death during treatment: 15.28 per cent In-patients, concluded to be incurable at the time of leaving of this Dept: 7.67 per cent In-patients, favourably recovered: 26.92 per cent In-patients, recovered temporarily: 50.00 per cent en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WatanabeIchiro en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name=渡辺一郎 kn-aut-sei=渡辺 kn-aut-mei=一郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産婦人科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=19 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=143 end-page=164 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19880120 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=U.S. External Adjustment Problem under the Third Phase of 'the Floating-Dollar System' kn-title=「フロート・ドル体制」第3期におけるアメリカの対外調整問題 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TatebeKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Tatebe en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name=建部和弘 kn-aut-sei=建部 kn-aut-mei=和弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=85 end-page=102 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=External Disequilibrium and International Economic Policy Coordination kn-title=対外不均衡と経済政策の国際調整 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanoShinsaku en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Shinsaku kn-aut-name=佐野進策 kn-aut-sei=佐野 kn-aut-mei=進策 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=102 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=International Mal-adjustments and Japan's Protracted Lower Growth in 1990 s kn-title=為替相場変動と経済不安定問題―「国際不調整」と日本の視点から― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=After temporally large decreasing in the early '90 s, current account imbalances abruptly had increased again above a hundred billion US dollars (yearly base) from 1993 to 1995 both in Japan (surpluses) and the United States (deficits). There have been some controversies over the cases of those imbalances among academic circles and some economists in economic think-tanks. One of the controversies is about a theoretical macro-balance. Those concerning long-term equilibrium approach emphasise structural factors on domestic gap between saving and investment balance of both the United States and Japan. On the contrary, those concerning short-term balance approach claim that external imbalances have been affected by short-term fluctuating factors, especially by the differential of both countries' economic growth. In line with the latter approach, this paper introduces a new concept of 'international mal-adjustments' on explaining about the problem of such external imbalances. From the viewpoint of a realistic approach, intractable large-scale current account imbalances (more than two percentages of GDP) of both Japan and the United States in recent years had been complained and claimed to be corrected by some important policy changes of both countries under the leadership of Clinton' administration since its inauguration in 1993. International mal-adjustments has been bringing big monetary and economic problems, in particular to Japanese economy. This paper depicts such problems as yen's super appreciation and Japan's protracted zero or one percent economic growth in recent years. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TatebeKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Tatebe en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name=建部和弘 kn-aut-sei=建部 kn-aut-mei=和弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=105 end-page=110 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970605 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Note on Duality in Inequality Systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The purpose of this note is to present a proposition on a sort of duality relation concerning systems of nonlinear inequalities. A useful theorem due to A.W. Tucker(1956) on duality relations valid for systems of linear inequalities was partially generalized to systems of nonlinear inequalities in Fujimoto(1980), in which a given vector-valued mapping is assumed to be either pseudoconcave or homogeneous of a positive degree. Another partial extension of Tucker's result is made in Fujimoto-Ranade(1995), where the concavity of a given mapping is required. The assumption of concavity seems too strong in a model with externalities and variable returns, and so in this note a weaker assumption of pseudoconcavity is restored with an additional requirement. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujimotoTakao en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name=藤本喬雄 kn-aut-sei=藤本 kn-aut-mei=喬雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=82 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980610 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Rise of Share Prices in the Early Stage of Bubble Formation : 1983-85 kn-title=バブル初期段階の株価高騰について：1983-85年―泡沫の期（2）― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Though a common view holds that bubbles bagan their formation from 1986, we cannot easily agree. Share prices, at least, began to contain bubbles from 1984. Though share prices during 1983-85 stayed within changes of so-called fundamentals, current profit of companies, which is one of the two fundamentals, contained profit from that very rise of share prices. Explaining bubbles through the concept of "fundamentals" will inevitably go around in circles. We should rather pay attention to the fact that at the end of 1984, the ratio of the total sum of shares to GNP, listed on all the stock exchanges, valued at current market prices, amounted to 56.1% which is an unprecedented high figure. The bubbles in share prices owed greatly to the positive absorption of overseas short-term fund by foreign exchange banks from 1984. They took advantage of the abolition, in 1984, of so-called yen-ten regulation, which had long restricted, to a degree, the banks' conversion of dollars, taken in from overseas financial centers, into yen. After the abolition some parts of the converted money were vigorously invested into domestic stock market. Greater part of the money taken in was appropriated to their own external investment, and the rest to security investment, particularly in shares. Consequently, share prices were raised. It is not that big banks were excluded from financing to big firms but that they remained doing so, transforming themselves into by far the biggest undertaker of so-called equity finance. The above mechanism evolves extensively throughout the stages offull-scale bubbles. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=IchinoseAtsushi en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name=一ノ瀬篤 kn-aut-sei=一ノ瀬 kn-aut-mei=篤 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=86 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19991210 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Agencification of National Museums in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The new public management (NPM) has spread around the world. Agencification, which is a separation of government into policy and execution functions, is not exceptional. While the process of organisation change differs among countries and services, many studies for innovation in the public sector have considered the transition collectively, i. e. a change from traditional administration to public management. This paper develops a new interactive staging model for organisational transition. The model divides the public services into four types in terms of interdependency and measurement objectivity of the composed activities, and also it considers interactions between internal and external actors of the organisation in the initiation, design and implementation stages. The new model is applied to agencification of the national museums in Japan, which is the transformation of cultural organisations providing a service composed of multiple activities. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=山本清 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=清 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=8-2 article-no= start-page=5331 end-page=5362 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590815 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the making and the development of proglottids of Taenia pisiformis and Dipylidium caninum kn-title=条虫類特にTaenia pisiformis及びDipylidium caninumの片節形成に就て en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For all various studies, the making and the development of proglottids has not been known as Braun's words "die näheren Vorgänge bei der Bildung der Proglottiden sind uns bisher noch ganz unbekannt." On cestode, we have nothing for the fundamental knowledge to the making and development of all gewebe and organe, namely, cuticle, muscle, nerve, excretoryorgane and genitalorgan. So I have observed the making and the development of proglottids of typical cestodes, Taenia pisiformis and Ditpylidium caninum since march 1941 under the kindly direction of prof. Dr. M. Suzuki. My main points of the results of the observation are as follows. 1. The fundamental mechanisms of the making and development of proglottids between Taenia pisiformis and Dipylidium caninum are completely same. 2. The making and development of proglottids of Taenia pisiformis and Dipylidium caninum is held out mainly at scorexbase and more at cervixand at first external proglottids were made, then proper proglottids developed from divisions mechanisms in those external proglottids. 3. Cuticle were made from circular cells in subcuticle celllayers, muscle were made from circular cells insiside subcuticle, fibrous tissue from cells in Parenchym. 4. Only genitalorgane wer made and developed newly in proglottids from circular cells in parenchym and subcuticle cells, but these Begining were looked erly in external proglottids and there were any difference between cells which make up cuticle and muscle of genitalorgane and cells which transform into keimcells at those form and dyeing. 5) And again I could not find any difference at form and dyeing between cells which made up cuticle, muscle, nerve fibres and cells which tranoformed into Hoden and keimstock. 6) In younger proglottids there were many those circulas cells in all tissues, but in older proglottids I could not observed these cells a few. 7) The nucleus of these cells are 2, 800-7, 600μ at Taenia pisiformis, 2, 600-4, 500μ at Dipylidium caninum in length at diameter, and coloured up violet with Hämatoxylin. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiwadaRyotaro en-aut-sei=Hiwada en-aut-mei=Ryotaro kn-aut-name=檜和田良太郎 kn-aut-sei=檜和田 kn-aut-mei=良太郎 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山医科大学細菌学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=8-2 article-no= start-page=5265 end-page=5270 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590815 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Exprimental and Clinical Study in the Effects, on External Secretion of the Liver and Pancreas and Digestion and Abs orption, of Cutting Automonic Nerves in Radical Operation of Stomach Cancer with Complete Removal ol the Regional Lymphnodes Part 3. Clinical Study in the Effects on Digestion and Absorption of Cutting Autonomic Nerves in Radical Operation of Stomach Cancer with Complete Removal of the Regional Lymphnodes kn-title=根治的胃癌リンパ節廓清手術時における自律神経切断の肝，膵外分泌および消化吸収能におよぼす影響に関する実験的ならびに臨床的研究 第3編 根治的胃癌リンパ節廓清手術時における自律神経切断の消化吸収能におよぼす影響に関する臨床的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The effecs on digestion and absorption produced by a radical operation of stomach cancer with complete removal of the regional lymphnodes, studied by means of the patients subjected to the same operation, whose digestion and absorption was tested by Cr O ratio method. At the same time, for comparison, the same test was performed on patients subjected to simple gastrectomy and healthy men, with the following conclusion. 1. In patients after simple gastrectomy, absorption of fat and protein goes not so well as in healthy persons. 2. In patients after airadical operation of stomach cancer with complete removal of the regional lymphnodes, absorption of fat and protein is well performed as in patients after simple gastrectomy. 3. In patients after redical operation of stomach cancer and in those after simple gastrectomy, absorption of carbohydrate is carried on with almost the same rate, i. e. more than 99%, as in healthy persons. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshimuraHaruo en-aut-sei=Yoshimura en-aut-mei=Haruo kn-aut-name=吉村晴夫 kn-aut-sei=吉村 kn-aut-mei=晴夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1（陣内）外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=8-2 article-no= start-page=5257 end-page=5264 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590815 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental and Clinical Study in the Effects, on External Secretionof the Liver and Pancreas and Dingesito and Absorption, of Cutting Autonomic Nerves in Radical Operation of Stomach Cancer with Complete Pemoval of the Regional Lymphnodes Part 2. Experimental Study in the Effects on External Secretion of Pancreas of Cutting autonomic Nerves in Radical Operation of Stomach Cancer with Complete Removal of the Regional Lymphnodes kn-title=根治的胃癌リンパ節廓清手術時における自律神経切断の肝，脺外分泌および消化吸収能におよぼす影響に関する実験的ならびに臨床的研究 第2編 根治的胃癌リンパ節廓清手術時における自律神経切断の脺液分泌に及ぼす影響に関する実験的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The external secretion of the pancreas after a radical operation of stomach cancer with complete removal of the regional lymphnodes was studied in dogs with following results. 1. Cutting the coeliac nerves or the coeliac and vagus nerves was followed by decrease of external secretion of the pancreas and the absence of effects of insulin which should promote external secretion of the pancreas. But 2 months or less after the operation it was normally secreted and insulin injection normally promoted its secretion. 2. Cutting autonomic nerves did not affect the volume of pancreatic juice secreted in response to the soap in the jejunum. 3. It is considerd that the humoral mechanism of external secretion of tho pancreas normally exists after cutting autonomic nerves, while the control of these nerves is lost, and the mechanism of nevous control recovers its normal function 2 months at most after the operation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshimuraHaruo en-aut-sei=Yoshimura en-aut-mei=Haruo kn-aut-name=吉村晴夫 kn-aut-sei=吉村 kn-aut-mei=晴夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1（陣内）外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=8-2 article-no= start-page=5247 end-page=5255 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590815 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental and Clinical Study in the Effects, on External Secretion of the Liver and Pancreas and Digestion and Absorption, of Cutting Autonomic Nerves in Radical Operation for Stomach Cancer with Complete Removal of the Regional Lymphnodes Part 1. Experimental Study in the Effects on Bile Secretion of Cutting Autonomic Nerves in Radical Operation of Stomach Cancer with Complete Removal of the Regional Lymphnodes kn-title=根治的胃癌リンパ節廓清手術時における自律神経切断の肝,膵外分泌および消化吸収能におよぼす影響に関する実験的ならびに臨床的研究 第1編 根治的胃癌リンパ節廓清手術時における自律神経切断の胆汁分泌におよぼす影響に関する実験的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The bile secretion after a Radical operation of stomach cancer with complete removal of the regional lymphnodes was studied experimentaly in dogs with following results. 1. Cutting the coeliac nerves or the coeliac and vagus nerves was followed by decrease of secretion of bile and bile acid and absence of the effects of insulin which should promote secretion of bile and bile acid. But 3 months or less after operation these were normally secreted and insulin injection promoted normally the secretion. 2. Cutting autonomic nerves did not affect the volume of bile secretion in response to the soap in the jejunum. 3. It is considered that the humoral mechanism of bile secretion normally exists after cutting autonomic nerves, while the control of these nerves is lost. And the mechanism of nervous control recovers its normal function 3 months at most after the operation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshimuraHaruo en-aut-sei=Yoshimura en-aut-mei=Haruo kn-aut-name=吉村晴夫 kn-aut-sei=吉村 kn-aut-mei=晴夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1（陣内）外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=7-2 article-no= start-page=4155 end-page=4162 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590710 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Functional State of Pancreas Inbluenced by Surgical Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Part 2. Experimental Study kn-title=肺結核症における外科療法施行前後の膵臓機能に関する研究 第2編 実験的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author examined the functional state of pancreas biochemically and morphologically in 37 normal rabbits under the invasion of pulmonary resection. Results obtained are as follows; (1) The blood diastase level is raised to the uppermost on the 3rd day after the pulmonary resection, and is restored to the preoperative level on the 14th to the 21 st day. The blood sugar level rised to reach the peak on the 1st day after the pulmonary resection and falls down to the normal on the 5th to the 10th day. Staub effect is negative postoperatively and becomes positive on the 5th to the Loth day. (2) As for the histological findings, the parenchymal cells show the atrophy on the 3rd to the 7 th after the pulmonary resection. There are no remarkable changes in the Islets of Langerhans. A slight increase of β-cells is noticed on the 3rd day. (3) From the above it is concluded that the pulmonary resection in the rabbits leads to the developement of slight disturbances of the external and internal secretary function of pancreas, but these troubleso recover after some day. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ArakiYasuhiko en-aut-sei=Araki en-aut-mei=Yasuhiko kn-aut-name=荒木安彦 kn-aut-sei=荒木 kn-aut-mei=安彦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=6-2 article-no= start-page=3241 end-page=3249 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590515 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=On the measurement of the degree of retraction of the human tympanic membrane using alginate impression material Part 1. Experimental studies kn-title=アルギン系印象材による生体鼓膜内陷度の計測に就いて 第1編 実験的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present author, to measure the human thmpanic membrane by making a mold of the external ear with alginate impression material, made preliminary fundamental experiments on phantoms and rabbits. 1. When alginate impression material was introduced to a phantom with rubber membrane 0.1mm thick, the pressure on the membrane being only 23mm Hg, an accurate mold was obtained. On the contrary, with wood's alloy, the membrane of the phantom swelled markedly and no accurate mold could be obtained. 2. The bony bulla of a rabbit being opened, the picture of the tympanic membrane was taken from the tympanumside through the opening, and it was compared to the alginate mold obtained by introducing the material into external auditory canal simultaneously. In this way, it was proved that the mold represented faithfully the shape of the tympanic membrane. 3. With alginate impression material several molds could be obtained repeatedly on one rabbit. 4. With wood's alloy, because it perforated the tympanic membrane of the rabbit by its weight and heat, no mold could be obtained. 5. The deformations of the tympanic membrane at various negative and positive pressures into rabbit's tympanum could be recorded in molds by introducing alginate impression material into the external auditory canal. 6. When more than 10mm Hg negative or positive pressure was loaded on rabbit's tympanic membrane from the external auditory canal, perforation was evoked at the pars flaccida in 15 out of 18 ears. 7. When the external ear and bony bulla of the rabbit are fixed and imbedded in celoidin, they contracted as a whole and the tympanic membrane underwent a considerable deformation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InokuchiTakeo en-aut-sei=Inokuchi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=井口武男 kn-aut-sei=井口 kn-aut-mei=武男 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20040310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Dynamic Externalities of Industrial Agglomeration : A Survey kn-title=産業の空間的集積における動学的外部経済：実証研究の動向と課題 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper reviews existing literature on dynamic externalities which is the fountainhead of competitive advantages, and argues that rigorous theoretical and empirical analysis is needed to increase understanding of the role of technological spillovers in generating regional growth. Empirical analysis of knowledge spillovers is broadly performed in the field of industrial organization. Recently, a number of empirical analyses aiming at verifying technological spillovers accompanying R&D activity of companies have been conducted. In recent empirical literature on spatial agglomeration, many papers find evidence consistent with dynamic externalities. Especially, growing bodies of research have estimated the extent and type of dynamic externalities. Despite the different data sources used, methodologies are similar. As the survey of some methodologies has been carried out by McDonald (1997), this paper reviews the main empirical analyses of dynamic externalities as the complement−positioning. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtsukaAkihiro en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name=大塚章弘 kn-aut-sei=大塚 kn-aut-mei=章弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院文化科学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=122 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=249 end-page=251 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Evidence-based guidelines for the management of biliary tract cancer kn-title=胆道癌診療ガイドライン en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiiMasakuni en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Masakuni kn-aut-name=藤井雅邦 kn-aut-sei=藤井 kn-aut-mei=雅邦 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawamotoHirofumi en-aut-sei=Kawamoto en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=河本博文 kn-aut-sei=河本 kn-aut-mei=博文 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKazuhide en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kazuhide kn-aut-name=山本和秀 kn-aut-sei=山本 kn-aut-mei=和秀 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　消化器・肝臓内科学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　消化器・肝臓内科学 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科　消化器・肝臓内科学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=122 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=219 end-page=223 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=20101201 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Radiotherapy for choroidal hemangioma kn-title=脈絡膜血管腫に対する放射線治療 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=PURPOSE: Circumscribed choroidal hemangioma is an uncommon, benign vascular tumor that typically appears in the posterior pole of the eye. Visual acuity loss typically results from its exudation, followed by serous retinal detachment. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of external beam irradiation in treating circumscribed choroidal hemangioma. METHODS: We treated 4 eyes of 4 patients with circumscribed choroidal hemangioma with external beam irradiation at Okayama University Hospital from 2002 to 2009. A total absorbed dose of 20 Gy (beam energy, 4, 10 MV) was applied to each of the 4 patients. Each patient received a single 2-Gy daily fraction for five consecutive days in a week, for two consecutive weeks. RESULTS: In all cases, the retinal detachment showed complete resolution within 8 to 48 days after treatment. A decrease in tumor thickness was observed in all cases except one in which the follow-up period was rather short (3.7 months). The visual acuity improved in all 4 eyes. No eyes showed deterioration of visual acuity. During follow-up periods of 3.7 months to 58.5 months, there were no signs of radiation-induced cataract, retinopathy or optic neuropathy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HaradaSosuke en-aut-sei=Harada en-aut-mei=Sosuke kn-aut-name=原田聡介 kn-aut-sei=原田 kn-aut-mei=聡介 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemotoMitsuhiro en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Mitsuhiro kn-aut-name=武本充広 kn-aut-sei=武本 kn-aut-mei=充広 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshioKoutarou en-aut-sei=Yoshio en-aut-mei=Koutarou kn-aut-name=吉尾浩太郎 kn-aut-sei=吉尾 kn-aut-mei=浩太郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaKatsuhide en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Katsuhide kn-aut-name=児島克英 kn-aut-sei=児島 kn-aut-mei=克英 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatayamaNorihisa en-aut-sei=Katayama en-aut-mei=Norihisa kn-aut-name=片山敬久 kn-aut-sei=片山 kn-aut-mei=敬久 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatsuiKuniaki en-aut-sei=Katsui en-aut-mei=Kuniaki kn-aut-name=勝井邦彰 kn-aut-sei=勝井 kn-aut-mei=邦彰 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=黒田昌宏 kn-aut-sei=黒田 kn-aut-mei=昌宏 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name=松尾俊彦 kn-aut-sei=松尾 kn-aut-mei=俊彦 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanazawaSusumu en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name=金澤右 kn-aut-sei=金澤 kn-aut-mei=右 aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　放射線科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　放射線科 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　放射線科 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　放射線科 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　放射線科 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　放射線科 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学大学院保健学研究科　放射線技術科学分野 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　眼科 affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学病院　放射線科 en-keyword=放射線治療 (radiation therapy) kn-keyword=放射線治療 (radiation therapy) en-keyword=照射 (irradiation) kn-keyword=照射 (irradiation) en-keyword=脈絡膜 (choroid) kn-keyword=脈絡膜 (choroid) en-keyword=眼腫瘍 (ocular tumor) kn-keyword=眼腫瘍 (ocular tumor) en-keyword=血管腫 (hemangioma) kn-keyword=血管腫 (hemangioma) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=127 end-page=138 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Optimal Subsidies to Higher Education, with Reference to Education and Research en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We consider a society which consists of two sectors, the educational sector and the production sector. We define the educational sector as one that produces two outputs jointly, higher education forming human capital and research increasing the stock of social knowledge. Social knowledge determines the level of technology in the production of consumption goods. Our purposes are to clarify the nature of higher education and to analyze efficient resource allocation in a two−sector economy, considering the external effects of education and research activities in the context of an endogenous growth model. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FurumatsuNoriko en-aut-sei=Furumatsu en-aut-mei=Noriko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraiMasatoshi en-aut-sei=Shirai en-aut-mei=Masatoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Economics, Chukyo University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=94 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20051 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Competing spin phases in geometrically frustrated magnetic molecules en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

We identify a class of zero-dimensional classical and quantum Heisenberg spin systems exhibiting anomalous behavior in an external magnetic field B similar to that found for the geometrically frustrated kagome lattice of classical spins. Our calculations for the isotropic Heisenberg model show the emergence of a pronounced minimum in the differential susceptibility dM/dB at B-sat/3 as the temperature T is raised from 0 K for structures based on corner-sharing triangles, specifically the octahedron, cuboctahedron, and icosidodecahedron. As the first experimental evidence we note that the giant Keplerate magnetic molecule {Mo72Fe30} (Fe3+ ions on the 30 vertices of an icosidodecahedron) exhibits this behavior. For low T when Bapproximate toB(sat)/3 two competing families of spin configurations exist of which one behaves magnetically "stiff" leading to a reduction of dM/dB.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SchroderChristian en-aut-sei=Schroder en-aut-mei=Christian kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojiriHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Nojiri en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SchnackJurgen en-aut-sei=Schnack en-aut-mei=Jurgen kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HagePeter en-aut-sei=Hage en-aut-mei=Peter kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=LubanMarshall en-aut-sei=Luban en-aut-mei=Marshall kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogerlerPaul en-aut-sei=Kogerler en-aut-mei=Paul kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=University of Applied Sciences Bielefeld affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Universitat Osnabruck affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Universitat Osnabruck affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Iowa State University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Iowa State University en-keyword=antiferromagnet kn-keyword=antiferromagnet en-keyword=field kn-keyword=field en-keyword=lattice kn-keyword=lattice en-keyword=spheres kn-keyword=spheres en-keyword=state kn-keyword=state END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=96 cd-vols= no-issue=10 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20063 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Observation of a half step magnetization in the {Cu-3}-type triangular spin ring en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

We report pulsed field magnetization and ESR experiments on a {Cu-3} nanomagnet, where antiferromagnetically coupled Cu2+ (S=1/2) ions form a slightly distorted triangle. The remarkable feature is the observation of a half step magnetization, hysteresis loops, and an asymmetric magnetization between a positive and a negative field in a fast sweeping external field. This is attributed to an adiabatic change of magnetization. The energy levels determined by ESR unveil that the different mixing nature of a spin chirality of a total S=1/2 Kramers doublet by virtue of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions is decisive for inducing half step magnetization.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ChoiKwang-Yong en-aut-sei=Choi en-aut-mei=Kwang-Yong kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaYasuhiro H en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro H kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NojiriHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Nojiri en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Tohoku University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Tohoku University en-keyword=molecular magnets kn-keyword=molecular magnets en-keyword=quantum dynamics kn-keyword=quantum dynamics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=359 end-page=364 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19995 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of measuring method for softness of epidermis using rotational step response en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

We have proposed a new measuring method for the softness of epidermis using rotational step response. It can be proceeded that horizontal torsional step is given periodically to the human skin surface by rotational step motor. Then dynamically epidermal characteristic is abstracted selectively from the human skin minimizing influence of the subcutaneous tissue. The cylindrical rotor is attached to the shaft of step motor and its external area is surrounded by the cylindrical guard ring; therefore, only human skin surface of inside the guard ring is screwed periodically by its rotor. At this moment, viscoelasticity of the epidermis is evaluated from analyzing the inducting coil of the step motor. The waveform of voltage of inducing coil can be characterized by overshoot P1, damping ratio D and undamped natural frequency ωn. The softness Ks that indicates viscoelasticity of the epidermis can be calculated from these parameters. Many experimental results showed that the softness Ks corresponds to the human sense and it is rational as a parameter for the human skin characteristics. This system is very useful as the measurement can be done easily, in vivo, and non-invasively. It also can be constructed simply without special mechanical sensor because step motor acts as not only driving but also sensing

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaiKeisuke en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Keisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=biological techniques kn-keyword=biological techniques en-keyword=mechanical variables measurement kn-keyword=mechanical variables measurement en-keyword=skin kn-keyword=skin en-keyword=step response kn-keyword=step response en-keyword=stepping kn-keyword=stepping en-keyword=motors viscoelasticity kn-keyword=motors viscoelasticity END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1393 end-page=1399 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=199810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A shunt active filter based on voltage detection for harmonic termination of a radial power distribution line en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

This paper is focused on a shunt active filter based on detection of harmonic voltages at the point of installation. The objective of the active filter is to attenuate harmonic propagation resulting from series/parallel resonance between capacitors for power factor correction and line inductors in a power distribution line. The active filter acts as a low resistor to the external circuit for harmonic frequencies, and it is installed on the end bus of the power distribution line, just like a 50 Ω terminator installed on the end terminal of a signal transmission line. Therefore, the function of the active filter is referred to as “harmonic termination” in this paper. Experimental results obtained from a laboratory system rated at 200 V and 20 kW verify that the active filter for the purpose of harmonic termination has the capability of harmonic damping throughout the power distribution line

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiHirofumi en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaHideaki en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKeiji en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=active filters kn-keyword=active filters en-keyword=power distribution lines kn-keyword=power distribution lines en-keyword=power factor correction kn-keyword=power factor correction en-keyword=power harmonic filters kn-keyword=power harmonic filters en-keyword=power system harmonics kn-keyword=power system harmonics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=638 end-page=645 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19996 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A shunt active filter based on voltage detection for harmonic termination of a radial power distribution line en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

This paper focuses on a shunt active filter based on the detection of harmonic voltages at the point of installation. The objective of the active filter is to attenuate harmonic propagation resulting from series/parallel resonance between capacitors for power factor correction and line inductors in a power distribution line. The active filter acts as a low resistor to the external circuit for harmonic frequencies, and it is installed on the end bus of the power distribution line, just like a 50 Ω terminator installed on the end terminal of a signal transmission line. Therefore, the function of the active filter is referred to as “harmonic termination” in this paper. Experimental results obtained from a laboratory system rated at 200 V and 20 kW verify that the active filter for the purpose of harmonic termination has the capability of harmonic damping throughout the power distribution line

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiHirofumi en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaHideaki en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Hideaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaKeiji en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=active filters kn-keyword=active filters en-keyword=harmonic distortion kn-keyword=harmonic distortion en-keyword=power distribution lines kn-keyword=power distribution lines en-keyword=power harmonic filters kn-keyword=power harmonic filters en-keyword=power system harmonics kn-keyword=power system harmonics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=379 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080514 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transcription Factors GATA/ELT-2 and Forkhead/HNF-3/PHA-4 Regulate the Tropomyosin Gene Expression in the Pharynx and Intestine of Caenorhabditis elegans en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Gene regulation during development is an important biological activity that leads to synthesis of biomolecules at specific locations and specific times. The single tropomyosin gene of Caenorhabditis elegans, tmy-1/lev-11 produces four isoforms of protein: two from the external promoter and two from the internal promoter. We investigated the internal promoter of tropomyosin to identify sequences that regulate expression of tmy-1 in the pharynx and intestine. By promoter deletion of tmy-1 reporters as well as by database analyses, a 100 bp fragment was identified that contained binding sequences for a GATA factor, for a chicken CdxA homolog and for a forkhead factor. Both the forkhead and CdxA binding sequences contributed to pharyngeal and intestinal expression. In addition, the GATA site also influenced intestinal expression of tmy-1 reporter. We showed that ELT-2 and PHA-4 proteins interact directly with the GATA and forkhead binding sequences, respectively, in gel mobility shift assays. RNAi knockdown of elt-2 diminished tmy-1::gfp expression in the intestine. In contrast to RNAi knockdown of pha-4, expression of tmy-1::gfp in pha-4;smg-1 mutants was slightly weaker to that of the wild type. Ectopic expression of PHA-4 and ELT-2 by heat shock were sufficient to elicit widespread expression of tmy- 1::lacZ reporter in embryos. We found no indication of a synergistic relation between ELT-2 and PHA-4. Based on our data, PHA-4 and CdxA function as general transcription factors for pharyngeal and intestinal regulation of tmy-1. We present models by which ELT-2, PHA-4 and CdxA orchestrate expression from the internal promoter of tmy-1.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Anokye-DansoFrederick en-aut-sei=Anokye-Danso en-aut-mei=Frederick kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AnyanfulAkwasi en-aut-sei=Anyanful en-aut-mei=Akwasi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakubeYasuji en-aut-sei=Sakube en-aut-mei=Yasuji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaHiroaki en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Hiroaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=Caenorhabditis elegans kn-keyword=Caenorhabditis elegans en-keyword=tropomyosin kn-keyword=tropomyosin en-keyword=HNF-3/PHA-4 kn-keyword=HNF-3/PHA-4 en-keyword=GATA/ELT-2 kn-keyword=GATA/ELT-2 en-keyword=transcription kn-keyword=transcription END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=8 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=923 end-page=938 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=20066 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Identification of glycosylation genes and glycosylated amino acids of flagellin in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A glycosylation island is a genetic region required for glycosylation. The glycosylation island of flagellin in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 consists of three orfs: orf1, orf2 and orf3. Orf1 and orf2 encode putative glycosyltransferases, and their deletion mutants, Delta orf1 and Delta orf2, exhibit deficient flagellin glycosylation or produce partially glycosylated flagellin respectively. Digestion of glycosylated flagellin from wild-type bacteria and non-glycosylated flagellin from Delta orf1 mutant using aspartic N-peptidase and subsequent HPLC analysis revealed candidate glycosylated amino acids. By generation of site-directed Ser/Ala-substituted mutants, all glycosylated amino acid residues were identified at positions 143, 164, 176, 183, 193 and 201. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) analysis revealed that each glycan was about 540 Da. While all glycosylation-defective mutants retained swimming ability, swarming ability was reduced in the Delta orf1, Delta orf2 and Ser/Ala-substituted mutants. All glycosylation mutants were also found to be impaired in the ability to adhere to a polystyrene surface and in the ability to cause disease in tobacco. Based on the predicted tertiary structure of flagellin, S176 and S183 are expected to be located on most external surface of the flagellum. Thus the effect of Ala-substitution of these serines is stronger than that of other serines. These results suggest that glycosylation of flagellin in P. syringae pv. tabaci 6605 is required for bacterial virulence. It is also possible that glycosylation of flagellin may mask elicitor function of flagellin molecule. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaguchiFumiko en-aut-sei=Taguchi en-aut-mei=Fumiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakeuchiKasumi en-aut-sei=Takeuchi en-aut-mei=Kasumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatohEtsuko en-aut-sei=Katoh en-aut-mei=Etsuko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurataKatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Murata en-aut-mei=Katsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiTomoko en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MarutaniMizuri en-aut-sei=Marutani en-aut-mei=Mizuri kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=EguchiMinako en-aut-sei=Eguchi en-aut-mei=Minako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatohShizue en-aut-sei=Katoh en-aut-mei=Shizue kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=kakuHanae en-aut-sei=kaku en-aut-mei=Hanae kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=YasudaChihiro en-aut-sei=Yasuda en-aut-mei=Chihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=InagakiYoshishige en-aut-sei=Inagaki en-aut-mei=Yoshishige kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToyodaKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Toyoda en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShiraishiTomonori en-aut-sei=Shiraishi en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=IchinoseYuki en-aut-sei=Ichinose en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=13 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=14 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=15 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University en-keyword=Gram-Negative bacteria kn-keyword=Gram-Negative bacteria en-keyword=Posttranslational modification kn-keyword=Posttranslational modification en-keyword=Protein Glycosylation kn-keyword=Protein Glycosylation en-keyword=Perception kn-keyword=Perception en-keyword=Aeruginosa kn-keyword=Aeruginosa en-keyword=Cells kn-keyword=Cells en-keyword=Specificity kn-keyword=Specificity en-keyword=Expression kn-keyword=Expression en-keyword=Plasmids kn-keyword=Plasmids en-keyword=Pathways kn-keyword=Pathways END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=204 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=1123 end-page=1137 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200103 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Reproductive behaviour in the male cricket Gryllus bimaculatus DeGEER: I. Structure and function of the genitalia en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We have investigated the morphology and physiology of the genitalia of the male cricket to establish a basis for neuroethological study of its reproductive behaviour. First, the structure of the phallic complex, including the dorsal pouch, guiding rod, epiphallus, ventral lobes and median pouch, are described, as are the muscles, cuticle, membranes and biomechanics of copulation. The innervation and sensory receptors have also been examined. Second, the functional role of the muscle in each genital organ has been determined by direct observation of muscle contraction during spontaneous or evoked movements and by analysis of the changes in movements after the ablation of the muscle. Third, for the flexible membranous organs, the ventral lobes and median pouch, the passages for haemolymph and their dynamic properties have been examined using petroleum jelly. Fourth, the sequence of coordinated motor actions performed by the internal and external genital organs, which were induced in both restrained and dissected males using newly developed techniques, has been analyzed during tethered copulation and spermatophore formation. As a result, the mechanisms of copulation and spermatophore formation are now more fully understood. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KumashiroMikihiko en-aut-sei=Kumashiro en-aut-mei=Mikihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiMasaki en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Masaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University en-keyword=male kn-keyword=male en-keyword=cricket kn-keyword=cricket en-keyword=Gryllus bimaculatus kn-keyword=Gryllus bimaculatus en-keyword=reproduction kn-keyword=reproduction en-keyword=behaviour kn-keyword=behaviour en-keyword=copulation kn-keyword=copulation en-keyword=spermatophore extrusion kn-keyword=spermatophore extrusion en-keyword=spermatophore kn-keyword=spermatophore en-keyword=protrusion kn-keyword=protrusion en-keyword=genital organ kn-keyword=genital organ en-keyword=innervation. kn-keyword=innervation. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=190 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=533 end-page=544 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19961212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Growth pattern of the maxillary sinus in the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) : reflections on the structural role of the paranasal sinuses en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

To investigate the claim that the primate paranasal sinuses possess not a functional but a structural role associated with the skull architecture (Blaney, 1990), the relationship between the maxillary sinus and the skull architecture was studied ontogenetically in 30 skulls of male and female Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). Coronal CT scan series and computerised 3-dimensional images served to evaluate the maxillary sinus. The de®nitive hemispherical shape of the sinus was already achieved after the completion of the primary dentition. Sinus volume increased with a trend indicating positive allometry. When compared with an ontogenetic data set of orang-utan (Koppe et al. 1995), however, the growth rate of the maxillary sinus of M. fuscata was signi®cantly less. The maxillary sinus both of male and female macaques enlarged according to a common growth pattern. However, no sexual dimorphism could be established for the maxillary sinus size. Although the volume of the right maxillary sinus was normally bigger than that of the left side, the results suggested that asymmetry in maxillary sinus volume is related neither to skull size nor sex. Whereas a correlation analysis showed close relationships between the maxillary sinus volume and external cranial dimensions, the partial correlation coefficients revealed that these relationships were highly in¯uenced by skull size. Although it cannot be ruled out that the paranasal sinuses are to some extent linked to the skull architecture, this study does not support a solely structural role for these air cavities.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KoppeThomas en-aut-sei=Koppe en-aut-mei=Thomas kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NagaiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Nagai en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=Craniofacial growth kn-keyword=Craniofacial growth en-keyword=sexual dimorphism kn-keyword=sexual dimorphism en-keyword= computed tomography. kn-keyword= computed tomography. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=219 end-page=242 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1974 dt-pub=197406 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ultrastructural studies on the microfilaria of Brugia malayi en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Ultrastructure of microfilaria Brugia malayi was investigated with electron microscope. Microfilariae are covered by a sheath membrane with dense materials on its outer surfaces. The cuticle consists of 3 layers; namely, external cortical, internal cortical and fibrous layer. Beneath these cuticular layers, thin hypodermis is present and the muscle cells are arranged of 4 groups in a crosssection except for the head and tail. A pair of cephalic channel containing several cilial rods opens at the anterior end of the worm. A hook is situated on the anterior edge of one channel orifice, and several spines grow on the opposite side to the hook. Caudal channels paired laterally opening into the both sides of the posterior region differ from cephalic channels by the presence of a single cilial rod. A central canal runs from the buccal cavity to the inner body, and opens into the inner body cell through the filamentous apparatus. The inner body appears to consist of several cells having storage substances and a flat nucleus located on the periphery of the cell. An excretory apparatus, i. e., a cell, is composed of a nucleus and a large vesicle which has many microprojections on the luminal surfaces. The GI cell which occupies the whole width in a cross-section is larger than the R cell. R2-R4 cells appear to be in a close contact with the anal apparatus having many microprojections on the luminal surfaces. These microprojections differ from those of the excretory vesicle in their thickness and length. The characteristic patterns of these organs are compared with other microfilariae.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TonguYasumasa en-aut-sei=Tongu en-aut-mei=Yasumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=46 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=417 end-page=426 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=199212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Report of a study using phantom materials, and clinical experience with simultaneous radio-hyperthermotherapy. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Simultaneous radiohyperthermotherapy (SRH) is a combined hyperthermia-radiation therapy in which irradiation is given during heating. Mutual interference between the high energy radiotherapy system (Toshiba LMR-15A) and the 13.56 MHz capacitive heating system (Omron HEH-500C) was tested with phantom materials prior to a clinical trial with SRH. The energy and flatness of irradiation were not affected by the heating system within the range of clinical use. The high energy radiotherapy system did not affect the increase or distribution of temperature during simultaneous treatment. The results of this phantom study indicated that these apparatuses would not produce clinically significant mutual interference during SRH. A clinical trial was performed on a 57-year-old woman with postoperative recurrence of rectal cancer. This is the first reported clinical case treated with true SRH in which external irradiation was administered during mid capacitive heating. Twelve SRH treatments were performed on the recurrent lesion at a frequency of twice a week for six weeks using the apparatuses described above. There was a significant reduction in pain after treatment. The tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level decreased after treatment. On CT images taken after treatment, the tumor site became a low density area which indicated necrosis. There were no side effects. These results suggest that further clinical study of SRH should be performed to clarify its advantages.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InamuraKeiji en-aut-sei=Inamura en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaharaSeiji en-aut-sei=Tahara en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MimuraSeiichi en-aut-sei=Mimura en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MikamiYasutaka en-aut-sei=Mikami en-aut-mei=Yasutaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiShoji en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Shoji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiYoshio en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=hyperthermia kn-keyword=hyperthermia en-keyword=capacitive heating kn-keyword=capacitive heating en-keyword=radiotherapy kn-keyword=radiotherapy en-keyword=phantom study kn-keyword=phantom study en-keyword=simultaneous radio-hyperthermotherapy kn-keyword=simultaneous radio-hyperthermotherapy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=153 end-page=165 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1968 dt-pub=196806 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental study on vascular graft. II. Replacement of inferior vena cava and abdoninal aorta with the autogenous segment of small intestine submucosa en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Replacement of abdominal vena cava with a fresh autogenous substitute, the segment of small intestinal submucosa, was attempted in 15 animals. Five segments were prepared from the intestine smeared with iodine tincture, and reinforced with a steel coil externally in the entire length and a steel or polyethylene ring at the anastomosis. Thoracoabdominal long implantation was done in three animals, of which one with the intestinal segment devoid of mucosa, and the other two with the submucosa. Replacement of abdominal vena cava with the submucosa taken out of the intestinal segment preserved for nine days in 1% mercurochrome solution, or 0.1 % acrinolum solution was done in one animal each. In these two a coil and two rings were also applied. Replacement of abdominal aorta with the double layer tube of a reconstructed submucosa and another very porous Tetoron gauze was done in two animals, each coupled with the abdominal vena cava replacement at the same time. Of these experiments, aorta replacements were nearly patent in both. The abdominal vena cava replacements made of the submucosa treated with iodine tincture were patent in three. The one that was preserved in acrinolum showed moderate constriction. Most of the others were also observed for a long period of time but these all occluded in spite of the initial patency which was revealed at three to seven days in cavograms, and the time of the occlusion was not determined. The internal surface of the segment of submucosa, being implanted, is covered in the first stage with the deposition of fibrin, which is subsequently organized into a fibrous layer, in the same manner as that of the synthetic graft. Another disadvantage of this substitute is its readily collapsible tendency. Infection is preventable in the experiment. The substitute seems to be useful for the replacement of aorta and for the short segment of vena cave.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EgusaShigemi en-aut-sei=Egusa en-aut-mei=Shigemi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=6 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=203 end-page=215 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1939 dt-pub=193906 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On the Swim-bladder Gases. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

The formation of the swim-bladder gases of some sea and fresh water fishes were investigated and the results may be summarized as follows : 1. As a rule, oxygen content in the swim-bladder is higher in a fish living at greater depth than at shallow, and sea water fishes, than fresh water ones. 2. Oxygen content in the swim-bladder of the fish living at great depth decreases after 1-2 days stay in the aquarium. 3. Carbon dioxide content in the swim-bladder of all fishes examined is very small. 4. Through the poisoning of carbon monoxide, the swim-bladder gas decreases in its oxygen content and increases slightly in its carbon dioxide. 5. Corresponding to the artificial increase or decrease of the external pressures influencing the body surface of the fish, oxygen content of the swim-bladder gases increases or decreases respectively. 6. After the evacuation of the swim-bladder gases, newly formed gases always contain high oxygen percentage. 7. When oxygen or carbon dioxide of high concentration are injected in the swim-bladder, these gases diffuse out easily through the wall of the swim-bladder during 1-2 days. 8. Oxygen dissociation curve of carp blood is remarkably steep compared with the human blood, and influenced very much with the presence of carbon dioxide so as to decrease the affinity of the blood to oxygen. 9. Histological examination of the swim-bladder of Sebastiscus marmoratus and Carassius auratus indicate characteristic structure of the blood capillaries which distributed in the internal layer of membranes and sinus-like dilated. 10. From the above experimental results, some considerations on the gas formation in the swim-bladder were offered.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MiyazimaTadasi en-aut-sei=Miyazima en-aut-mei=Tadasi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AikiTakayuki en-aut-sei=Aiki en-aut-mei=Takayuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KosakaHisasi en-aut-sei=Kosaka en-aut-mei=Hisasi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=3 article-no= start-page=125 end-page=131 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=198706 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Temporal bone histopathology in trisomy 18 syndrome: a report of two cases. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Temporal bone histopathological findings of two patients with trisomy 18 syndrome are described. Many of the abnormalities previously described were seen in the present cases; namely, atresia of the external auditory canal, aberrant course of the tensor tympani muscle, malformed stapes, aberrant course of the facial nerve with an obtuse angulation at the first genu and displacement of geniculate ganglion cells into the internal auditory canal, shortened cochlea with decreased spiral ganglion cell population, and vestibular anomalies, such as bony and membranous blockage of the superior semicircular canal. Moreover, an extremely underdeveloped malleus and incus continuous with a persistent Meckel's cartilage were observed.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SaitoRyusuke en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=JuradoAdonis Basa en-aut-sei=Jurado en-aut-mei=Adonis Basa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InokuchiIkuo en-aut-sei=Inokuchi en-aut-mei=Ikuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomotsuTakao en-aut-sei=Tomotsu en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MohammedMohammed Bushara en-aut-sei=Mohammed en-aut-mei=Mohammed Bushara kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraYoshio en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=temporal bone kn-keyword=temporal bone en-keyword=pathology kn-keyword=pathology en-keyword=trisomy 18 kn-keyword=trisomy 18 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=11 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1957 dt-pub=195704 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Studies on the Etiology of Glaucoma Part I. Existence of the Autonomic Eye Pressure Adjustment Function en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

The existence of autonomic adjustment functions of eye pressure was demonstrated in various ways, both clinically and experimentally. It is possible to consider that in normal condition, I.O.P. is controlled autonomically like cardiac or respiratory rate irrespective of the internal or external influences of the body. The auther calls such a phenomenon "autonomic eye pressure adjustment function". The mechanism of this physiological function will be reported on in articles to follow.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkagiGoro en-aut-sei=Akagi en-aut-mei=Goro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=261 end-page=268 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1971 dt-pub=197108 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Induction of intracranial tumors in mice by human adenovirus type 12. II. Enhancement by N,N'-dimethylnitrosourea en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Newborn mice of C3Hf/Bi (Zb) strain were divided into three groups and injected, intracranially with adenovirus type 12 alone, subcutaneously with 20 mgjkg of N, N'-dimethylnitrosourea following intracranial inoculation of adenovirus type 12, and subcutaneously with 20 mgjkg of N, N'-dimethylnitrosourea alone at 10 days of age, respectively. With adenovirus type 12 alone, intracranial tumors were induced in 12 out of the 25 effective animals. With N, N'-dimethylnitrosourea following adenovirus type 12, intracranial tumors were produced in 19 out of the 21 effective animals and these tumors were virus-induced ones. With N, N'-dimethylnitrosourea alone, no intracranial tumors were induced. In control mice, administered subcutaneously with 20 mgjkg of N, N'.dimethylnitrosourea within 24 hr after birth, necrosis of the external granular cells and hypoplasia of the granular layer of the cerebellum was observed.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MuraoTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Murao en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=48 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=99 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=199404 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Correlation between the Layer of an Intimal Tear and the Progression of Aortic Dissection en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Thoracic aortas isolated from dogs were evaluated to determine the correlation between the depth of an intimal tear and the progression of aortic dissection. Thoracic aortas obtained from 99 adult mongrel dogs were used. An intimal tear (aortic pocket) was created on the aortic wall and the aorta was connected in series to a closed circuit (150 mmHg/100 mmHg and 60 beats/min). The progression of the dissection was most notable in the aortic pocket prepared in the first one-third of the external media (87.5%). There was no correlation however between the width of the pocket and the progression of dissection. Examinations of samples from surgical patients have shown that dissection usually progresses at the same site. This has been attributed to the diseased media. Our results demonstrated that dissection occurred almost always at the same site without any medial changes suggesting that whether dissection develops or not likely depends upon whether the intimal tear reaches the first one-third of the external media or not. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MitsuiHideya en-aut-sei=Mitsui en-aut-mei=Hideya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaHatsuzo en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Hatsuzo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TeramotoShigeru en-aut-sei=Teramoto en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Second Department of Surgery, Okayama University Medical School affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Second Department of Surgery, Okayama University Medical School affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Second Department of Surgery, Okayama University Medical School en-keyword=aortic dissection kn-keyword=aortic dissection en-keyword=pathogenesis kn-keyword=pathogenesis en-keyword=depth of intimal tear kn-keyword=depth of intimal tear en-keyword=medial degeneration kn-keyword=medial degeneration END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=48 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=211 end-page=216 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=199408 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A new capacitive heating applicator for the simultaneous radiohyperthermotherapy of superficial and shallow-seated tumors. en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

External capacitive heating is the usual method of electromagnetic wave heating, in which the tumor is caught and heated between two opposite applicators. Using a phantom, the authors developed and evaluated the performance of a new capacitive heating applicator designed for simultaneous radiohyperthermotherapy (SRH) in which the electron beam irradiation is provided from above an external capacitive heating applicator for the treatment of superficial and shallow-seated tumors. The trial applicator was constructed to fulfill the following conditions: 1. use of an electrode plate which does not affect the electron beam depth dose, 2. a uniform thickness to maintain flatness of the electron beam, and 3. a cooling function to prevent damage to normal skin tissue and enhance the therapeutic gain factor. This applicator was comprised of a 0.1-mm-thick copper electrode and a 5-mm-thick cooling chamber. The depth of the 80% dose of the new applicator was 21 mm with a 9-MeV electron beam and 36mm with a 15-MeV electron beam, which was comparable to the effect of a conventional irradiation bolus. The temperature distribution produced by the trial applicator was symmetrical on both sides from the center of the applicator. The 50% specific absorption rate region was 6.4 cm wide at a depth of 1 cm from the phantom surface and 2.8 cm wide at a depth of 3 cm. There have been no previous reports on the development of an external capacitive heating applicator designed for the SRH of superficial and shallow-seated tumors; this is the first such report.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanakaAkio en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Akio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KurodaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Kuroda en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InamuraKeiji en-aut-sei=Inamura en-aut-mei=Keiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawasakiShouji en-aut-sei=Kawasaki en-aut-mei=Shouji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiYoshio en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Univeristy affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=simultaneous radiohyperthermotherapy kn-keyword=simultaneous radiohyperthermotherapy en-keyword=applicator kn-keyword=applicator en-keyword=capacitive heating kn-keyword=capacitive heating en-keyword=superficial and shallowseated tumor kn-keyword=superficial and shallowseated tumor END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=62 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=333 end-page=339 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200810 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) Technique with a Locking Compression Plate for Femoral Lengthening en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis technique using a locking compression plate (LCP) has been used widely in trauma cases. Its advantages are that the MIPO technique does not interfere with the fracture site and thus provides improved biological healing, and that the LCP has excellent angular stability. Its use in bone lengthening, however, has not been established. In such cases, it is desirable to shorten the external skeletal fixation period as much as possible. Here, the MIPO technique using an LCP was applied to femoral distraction osteogenesis in an attempt to shorten the external skeletal fixation period. For femoral lengthening, the MIPO technique was performed in 2 stages. Orthofix external fixators (Orthofix, England) were used to insert screws from the anterolateral side rather than from the lateral side of the femur for bone lengthening. When sufficient callus formation was detected postoperatively at the site of bone lengthening, and the absence of infection was ensured, limb draping was performed, including a whole external fixator, and then the MIPO technique was applied with an LCP. In 3 cases (5 limbs), the average duration of external skeletal fixation was 134days, the average external-fixation index was 24days/cm, and the average consolidation index was 22days/cm. The MIPO technique using an LCP made it possible to shorten the external skeletal fixation-wearing period in femoral lengthening.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=EndoHirosuke en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Hirosuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsaumiKoji en-aut-sei=Asaumi en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MitaniShigeru en-aut-sei=Mitani en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NodaTomoyuki en-aut-sei=Noda en-aut-mei=Tomoyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinagawaHiroshi en-aut-sei=Minagawa en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TetsunagaTomonori en-aut-sei=Tetsunaga en-aut-mei=Tomonori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiToshifumi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Toshifumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama Red Cross Hospital affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Hospital en-keyword=femoral lengthening kn-keyword=femoral lengthening en-keyword=minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis kn-keyword=minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis en-keyword=locking compression plate kn-keyword=locking compression plate en-keyword=external skeletal fixation kn-keyword=external skeletal fixation en-keyword=external-fixation index kn-keyword=external-fixation index END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=62 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=235 end-page=239 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200808 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Study of a Novel Method of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Using a Combination of Percutaneous Cardiopulmonary Support and Liposome-encapsulated Hemoglobin (TRM645) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS) has been applied for cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA). We have developed a novel method of cardiopulmonary resuscitation using PCPS combined with liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin (TRM645) to improve oxygen delivery to vital organs. Ventricular fibrillation was electrically induced to an adult goat for 10 min. Next, PCPS (30 ml/kg/min, V/Q: 1) was performed for 20 min. Then, external defibrillation was attempted and observed for 120 min. The TRM group (n5) was filled with 300 mL of TRM645 for the PCPS circuit. The control group (n5) was filled with the same volume of saline. The delivery of oxygen (DO2) and oxygen consumption (VO2) decreased markedly by PCPS after CPA, compared to the preoperative values. DO2 was kept at a constant level during PCPS in both groups, but VO2 slowly decreased at 5, 10, and 15 min of PCPS in the control groups, demonstrating that systemic oxygen metabolism decreased with time. In contrast, the decreases in VO2 were small in the TRM group at 5, 10, and 15 min of PCPS, demonstrating that TRM645 continuously maintained systemic oxygen consumption even at a low flow rate. AST and LDH in the TRM group were lower than the control. There were significant differences at 120 min after the restoration of spontaneous circulation (p<0.05).

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OtaKei en-aut-sei=Ota en-aut-mei=Kei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizunoToshihide en-aut-sei=Mizuno en-aut-mei=Toshihide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TatsumiEisuke en-aut-sei=Tatsumi en-aut-mei=Eisuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KatagiriNobumasa en-aut-sei=Katagiri en-aut-mei=Nobumasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaenakaYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Taenaka en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshizukaTakanobu en-aut-sei=Ishizuka en-aut-mei=Takanobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgataYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=UjikeYoshihito en-aut-sei=Ujike en-aut-mei=Yoshihito kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Artificial Organs, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Artificial Organs, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Artificial Organs, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Artificial Organs, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Research and Development Center, Terumo Corporation affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Research and Development Center, Terumo Corporation affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Emergency Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences en-keyword=percutaneous cardiopulmonary support kn-keyword=percutaneous cardiopulmonary support en-keyword=liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin kn-keyword=liposome-encapsulated hemoglobin en-keyword=cardiopulmonary resuscitation kn-keyword=cardiopulmonary resuscitation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=369 end-page=382 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1977 dt-pub=197712 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Surgical treatment of gastric cancer with special reference to lymph node removal en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Factors influencing the prognosis in gastric cancer treated by curative resection include lymph node metastasis and the extent of invasion of the gastric wall. Lymph node metastasis can be removed surgically, but the extent of invasion is not amenable to external measures. Of these two factors, the extent of wall invasion has the greatest influence on prognosis in cases undergoing curative resection. With lymph node removal of equal extent the prognosis worsens in proportion to the depth of invasion. Further, lymph node metastasis increases with increasing depth of invasion. Metastasis was seen in Group 2 and 3 nodes in more than 60% of cancer with invasion beyond the Tunica muscularis propria (pm), indicating that wide lymph node removal is essential in cancers with deep invasion of the wall. The effects of extended radical operation on the host as illustrated by the indices of total serum protein and albumin levels were no different from those of less extensive resections. It was confirmed that extensive radical resection did not delay postoperative recovery.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkajimaKunio en-aut-sei=Okajima en-aut-mei=Kunio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=251 end-page=260 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=199710 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The effects of growth factors on multicellular spheroids formed by chick embryonic retinal cells en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Retinal cells from chick embryos aged 7.5 days of gestation were cultured for two months in a non-adherent suspension culture dish to study the effects of growth factors and co-culture with retinal pigment epithelial cells on their differentiation. Dissociated retinal cells became cellular aggregates (multicellular spheroids) within a day, and rosettes were formed in the spheroids after 2 days. Ultrastructurally, neurons of the rosettes developed connecting cilia, ellipsoids (accumulation of mitochondria), and external limiting membrane, indicative of their differentiation into photoreceptor cells. Epidermal growth factor enhanced the expression of rhodopsin by rosette-forming neurons, while basic fibroblast growth factor induced the growth of Mueller cells at 4 weeks, and their transdifferentiation into lens-epithelial-like cells at 8 weeks. Co-culture of retinal cells with retinal pigment epithelial cells enhanced the formation of rosettes in spheroids. Multicellular spheroids formed in a dish for suspension culture would provide a convenient in vitro system to examine differentiation and transdifferentiation of the retina.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakabatakeMayumi en-aut-sei=Takabatake en-aut-mei=Mayumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuoNobuhiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Nobuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=multicellular spheroids kn-keyword=multicellular spheroids en-keyword=differentiation kn-keyword=differentiation en-keyword=transdifferentiation kn-keyword=transdifferentiation en-keyword=retina kn-keyword=retina en-keyword=retinal pigment epithelium kn-keyword=retinal pigment epithelium en-keyword=growth factors kn-keyword=growth factors END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=6 article-no= start-page=453 end-page=462 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=198212 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Case of Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia of the Temporal Bone Asso­ciated with Epileptic Seizure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

An 11-year-old male with monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the left temporal bone was reported. At the age of seven years, the patient began having epileptic attacks, and a bony swelling of the left temporal region was noticed by his mother. Roentgenologically, there were almost thorough osseous obstruction and osseous proliferation of the external auditory canal and pars petrosa, respectively. Audiologic examinations indicated gradual functional disturbance based on the affected internal ear. A total of 20 cases with monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone reported between 1946 and 1980 was analyzed, and the association of fibrous dysplasia and epilepsy was discussed.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NishiokaKeiko en-aut-sei=Nishioka en-aut-mei=Keiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaYu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InokuchiIkuo en-aut-sei=Inokuchi en-aut-mei=Ikuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IyodaKuniaki en-aut-sei=Iyoda en-aut-mei=Kuniaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaToshio en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=fibrous dysplasia kn-keyword=fibrous dysplasia en-keyword=temporal bone kn-keyword=temporal bone en-keyword=epilepsy kn-keyword=epilepsy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=2058 end-page=2060 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19909 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Magnetization process and torque curves in HCP cobalt en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Magnetization measurements were made in HCP cobalt by using a very-low-frequency vibrating sample magnetometer in the same external field range where torque curve analyses were performed. The anomalously small value of Ku1 analyzed from the torque curves in the very low field region below 0.3 T was found to be attributable to the appearance of a multiple-domain configuration. If one excludes the multiple-domain configuration range in analyzing observed torque curves, it becomes possible to determine precisely the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constants. The applicability of least-mean-square analysis to unsaturated torque curves is confirmed within the range where the single-domain configuration occurs

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OnoFumihisa en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Fumihisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BangLu en-aut-sei=Bang en-aut-mei=Lu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=cobalt kn-keyword=cobalt en-keyword=ferromagnetic properties of substances kn-keyword=ferromagnetic properties of substances en-keyword=magnetic anisotropy kn-keyword=magnetic anisotropy en-keyword=magnetic domains kn-keyword=magnetic domains en-keyword=magnetic variables measurement kn-keyword=magnetic variables measurement en-keyword=magnetisation kn-keyword=magnetisation en-keyword=torque measurement kn-keyword=torque measurement END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=5 article-no= start-page=4138 end-page=4140 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19899 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=External conditions for the vector potential in the boundary element method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

The boundary element method using electric field and magnetic flux density has been applied to three-dimensional electromagnetic field problems. It is also possible to use the magnetic vector potential as an unknown vector variable. Formulas for the boundary element method using the vector potential are derived. Furthermore, the external conditions for the vector potential in the boundary element method are discussed in connection with a three-dimensional magnetostatic problem. The convergence characteristics of the proposed boundary element method are verified

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsuboiH. en-aut-sei=Tsuboi en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaM. en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=M. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=boundary-elements methods kn-keyword=boundary-elements methods en-keyword=electromagnetic field theory kn-keyword=electromagnetic field theory en-keyword=magnetostatics kn-keyword=magnetostatics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=968 end-page=970 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19903 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Finite element analysis of induced currents in axisymmetric multi-conductors connected in parallel to voltage sources en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

A method for analyzing induced currents, including both eddy currents and circulating currents, in axisymmetric multiconductors connected in parallel to voltage sources has been developed using the finite-elements method. The method has the advantage that the nonlinear analysis of induced currents in conductors connected to voltage sources with distorted waveforms (for example, an inverted-fed transformer) is possible. Because the method can take into account the voltage sources, the external impedances, and the nonlinearity of the core it becomes possible to analyze flux and current distributions under actual operating conditions and to design windings which produce the minimum power loss. The effectiveness of the method is illustrated by applying it to a transformer model

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakataTakayoshi en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Takayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiN. en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraK. en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NiinobeH. en-aut-sei=Niinobe en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisawaK. en-aut-sei=Misawa en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Nissin Electric Company Limited en-keyword=conductors (electric) kn-keyword=conductors (electric) en-keyword=eddy currents kn-keyword=eddy currents en-keyword=electromagnetic induction kn-keyword=electromagnetic induction en-keyword=finite element analysis kn-keyword=finite element analysis en-keyword=machine windings kn-keyword=machine windings en-keyword=magnetic flux kn-keyword=magnetic flux en-keyword=transformer windings kn-keyword=transformer windings END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=18 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=325 end-page=330 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19823 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Direct finite element analysis of flux and current distributions under specified conditions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

When the flux distribution of a magnetic circuit is analyzed by using the conventional finite element method, the magnetizing currents must be given. Therefore, if the flux distribution is specified, it is difficult to obtain the distributions of magnetomotive forces or configuration of magnets producing the specified field distribution by the conventional finite element method. New methods which are called the "finite element method taking account of external power source" and the "finite element method with shape modification" have been developed. The processes of calculation in these methods are contrary to the conventional technique. These new methods have the following advantages: (a) If there are many unknown independent magnetizing currents, these currents are directly calculated by the new method. (b) When a flux distribution is specified, the optimum shapes of the magnets can be directly calculated. (c) As these new methods need no repetition, computing time can be considerably reduced. The principles and the finite element formulations of these new methods are described, and a few examples of application of these methods are shown. These new methods make it possible to design the optimum magnetic circuits by using the finite element method.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakataTakayoshi en-aut-sei=Nakata en-aut-mei=Takayoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiN. en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=Electromagnetic analysis kn-keyword=Electromagnetic analysis en-keyword=FEM kn-keyword=FEM en-keyword= Finite-element method (FEM) kn-keyword= Finite-element method (FEM) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=50 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=41 end-page=42 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1980 dt-pub=19800325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=No occcurrence of the oxygen isotope exchange with quartz glass of reaction tube through the conversion of oxygen into carbon dioxide in an externally heated carbon furnace kn-title=外熱型炭素炉による酸素の二酸化炭素への変換のさいの石英ガラス反応管との酸素同位体交換について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Two oxygens of which δ(18)O is +28.83 and -79.57‰, respectively, were converted into carbon dioxide by means of both an external heating method and a Daylight's method where a graphite rod was heated by concentration of light from a slide projecter lamp on the graphite rod, and the δ(18)O of carbon dioxides obtained in the two methods were compared to each other. Except for data affected by memory of the previous sample, the averages in the external heating method were +28.85 and -79.56‰, respectively, and quite consistent with the averages in the Daylight's method, that were +28.81 and -79.67‰, respectively. This concludes that no oxygen isotope exchange occurs between the sample gas and the quartz glass of reaction tube in the external heating method. There is no significant difference in the results in four externally heated carbon furnaces, whereas the memory of previous samples was apparently observed within each furnaces. This memory was larger in the furnaces containing a used graphite rod (Nos. 3 and 4) than those containing new one (Nos. 1 and 2), and also more significant for smaller samples (Run 4 in No. 3). However, if the reaction tube was baked out at a higher temperature (750℃) than the reaction temperature (700℃) before reaction, the memory was mostly eliminated (Run 8 in No.3). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsubayaOsamu en-aut-sei=Matsubaya en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name=松葉谷治 kn-aut-sei=松葉谷 kn-aut-mei=治 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所熱水地球化学部門 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=17 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1981 dt-pub=19810325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The effect of thermal bathing upon platelet function kn-title=血小板機能に及ぼす温泉浴の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The effect of thermal bathing upon platelet function was examined in clinically. Platelet number, adhesiveness and aggregation were examined in the 10 patients before and after a single bathing for 10 minutes, 41-43℃ in temperature. The diseases of the patients were external pile, duodenal ulcer, benign sigmoid colon polyp, etc. The specific diseases which interact the platelet function such as blood diseases and arterial occlusive diseases were not included. Antithrombogenic drugs were not used in any patients. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 1. Platelet number did not showd systemical alteration by the bathing. 2. Both platelet adhesiveness and aggregation were changed to the lower degree after the bathing except a few cases. From these results, it was clarified that the thermal bathing was effective to control the platelet function and also effective in clinically to the prevention, therapy and rehabilitation of arterial occlusive diseases of heart, brain and the extremities. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NoishikiYasuharu en-aut-sei=Noishiki en-aut-mei=Yasuharu kn-aut-name=野一色泰晴 kn-aut-sei=野一色 kn-aut-mei=泰晴 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学三朝分院内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=3 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19941225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Monitoring of Environmental Ionizing Radiation and Radioisotopes in Okayama City and the Vicinty (II) - An estimation of the external radiation from the environmental radiation dose - kn-title=岡山市周辺の環境放射線ならびに放射能の調査・研究（II）―環境レベルの空間線量からの外部被曝に関する評価― en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Monitoring of environmental ionizing radiation and radioisotopes in Okayama city and the vicinity was carried out from the point of view of the external radiation from the environmental radiation dose. Although the fluctuation of monthly detected radiation dose throughout the year was rather low at each observation point, the mean value of dose equivalent was varied between the place of observation. From the observation of the distribution of environmental radiation dose in Okayama city, it was assumed that its distribution was well corresponded with the distribution of igneous rocks. The concentrations of radioisotopes in various kinds of rocks corrected in Okayama city and its vicinity were determined. It became apparent that high concentrations of radioisotopes, such as (134)Cs, (40)K, (226)Ra and (228)Th, were detected in igneous rocks, such as granite, gabbro and rhyolitic tuff, although the contents in sedimentary rocks, such as pelite, schist, psammite and limestone, were rather low. This result was in good agreement with that of the distribution of radiation dose in Okayama city. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MioMitsunobu en-aut-sei=Mio en-aut-mei=Mitsunobu kn-aut-name=見尾光庸 kn-aut-sei=見尾 kn-aut-mei=光庸 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanayamaMunetoshi en-aut-sei=Kanayama en-aut-mei=Munetoshi kn-aut-name=鑛山宗利 kn-aut-sei=鑛山 kn-aut-mei=宗利 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaMikiro en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Mikiro kn-aut-name=多田幹郎 kn-aut-sei=多田 kn-aut-mei=幹郎 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OnoBun-ichiro en-aut-sei=Ono en-aut-mei=Bun-ichiro kn-aut-name=小野文一郎 kn-aut-sei=小野 kn-aut-mei=文一郎 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HachiyaKinji en-aut-sei=Hachiya en-aut-mei=Kinji kn-aut-name=蜂谷欽司 kn-aut-sei=蜂谷 kn-aut-mei=欽司 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohKimiyuki en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Kimiyuki kn-aut-name=佐藤公行 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=公行 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学薬学部 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学RI共同利用津島施設 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学農学部 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学薬学部 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学RI共同利用津島施設 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学理学部 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=2009 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=20091111 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Estimation of Hierarchical Emotion in Mental State Transition Learning Network en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In general, emotions are often appeared in the facial expressions, voice pitch, exaggerated gesticulation, and so on. They are outward signals of emotions, internal world in order to serve for human communications. Perlovsky described on aesthetic emotions and analyzed their role within joint functioning of cognition and language. This paper proposes the different method from his idea. The method uses Mental State Transition Network proposed by Ren and Emotion Generation Calculations. Moreover, the transition costs in the network are modified according to the stimulus from external world. The simulation results also are reported. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IchimuraTakumi kn-aut-sei=Ichimura kn-aut-mei=Takumi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MeraKazuya kn-aut-sei=Mera kn-aut-mei=Kazuya aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Hiroshima City University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Hiroshima City University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1952 dt-pub=195208 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=BALNEOLOGICAL STUDIES USING RADIO-ACTIVE ISOTOPES (1) ON　THE MECHANISM OF THE ACTION OF SODIUM SULFATE SPRING BATH． kn-title=人工放射性同位元素による温泉作用の研究(1)芒硝泉入浴による硫酸イオンの体内進入について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Using Na(2)SO(4) labelled with S(35) transition of sulfate　ion into the body across the skin was investigated soon　after the bath in sodium sulfate solution at varying conditions. Mice were used as test animal. Percutaneous absorption of sulfate ion proved to be promoted at high bath temperature (45℃) than at indifferent temperature(37℃). stronger by the bath of longer duration (30min.)　than by the bath of shorter duration (10min.), increased after repeated baths than after a single bath. It was accelerated by making a burn to the skin of the bathed animals. Layton and Dziewiatkowski proved that the parenterally administered sulfate ion was partly fixed in the connective tissue as chondroitin sulfate. The author had proved that chondroitin sulfate relieves pain, increases peripheral circulation and when administered parenterally promotes production of immune bodies. In Japan natural and artificial Glauber's salt spring bath are known to have a beneficial effect on　wound　healing, but no satisfactory explanation was given till today. Lith　reported that a hypertonic solution of sodium　sulfate promoten wound cure by　external application　and Seki showed that subcutaneous connective tissue of mice was stimulated by the bath in sodium sulfate spring. And so the abovementioned author's data seem to throw some light on solving the problem. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OshimaYoshio en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name=大島良雄 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=良雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokotaTakeo en-aut-sei=Yokota en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=横田剛男 kn-aut-sei=横田 kn-aut-mei=剛男 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所内科 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学温泉研究所内科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=5-1 article-no= start-page=2415 end-page=2421 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590415 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Statistical Observations of Premature Baby kn-title=未熟児の統計的観察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The statistical observation was performed on 1,337 cases of premature babies over 5 gestational months delivered at the Maternity Hospital of Okayama University School of Medicine, during the period from April, 1934 to November, 1957. (total number of deliveries 10,000 during the same period). The following results were obtained from this observation. 1) The incidence of premature baby is 13.37%. (14.63≧P≧12.50%) 2) Being divided into two groups, prewar and postwar groups, there is noted the significant difference between them, the later showing the distinct decrease of the incidence. 3) The younger age group is generally higher than the elder in frequency. 4) There has been noted remarkable difference between the primiparous and the multiparous groups, the former having the higher frequency than the later. 5) The great majority of premature babies has been delivered in winter. 6) The ratio of male to female is 106 to 100. 7) The majority of babies is weighed over 2000g and beyond 253 days of fetal age. 8) The number of patients having historically the premature interruption of pregnacies is found more in the postwar than the prewar. 9) The types of labors are shown as follows, sponsaneous, 91.8%, breech presentation, 7.3%, and artificial induction of labors, 2.9%. (by bougie) 10) In about half number of babies, there are present the maternal complications to be suggestful as the causes, among which the great majority of number is covered by the premature rupture of membrane, toxemias of pregnancy, twin and contracted pelvis. 11) The external malformation is noted in 1.12%. 12) The death-rate of babies is 13.83% (15.99≧P≧12.38%) during 7 days of postpartum. Prewar: 12.31%, postwar; 17.27%. As has been shown above, the higher incidence has been noted in the postwar than prewar groups. The death-rate classified into the groups under the birth weight and the length of pregnacy has significant tendency. Dividing the death-rate mentioned above into the prewar and postwar groups, the later being not necessarilly increased in comparison with tha former. The remarkablly high deathrate is found at the time immediately after the delivery. The great majority of babies, being separated into the causes of death, was died of the congenital devility. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TottoriYukio en-aut-sei=Tottori en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=鳥取行雄 kn-aut-sei=鳥取 kn-aut-mei=行雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OdakaYasuhiko en-aut-sei=Odaka en-aut-mei=Yasuhiko kn-aut-name=小高康彦 kn-aut-sei=小高 kn-aut-mei=康彦 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産科婦人科学教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産科婦人科学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=5-1 article-no= start-page=2399 end-page=2406 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590415 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Lochia Quantitative and Cytologic Studies Part Ⅰ Quantitative Study of Lochia kn-title=悪露に関する研究 第1編 悪露の量 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This study was undertaken to establish the amount of lochia of Japanese, and conducted on 512 unselected patients who were delivered in the Maternity Hospital of Okayama University School of Medicine. The pads employed were preserved in caped-bottle after having lochia absorbed, and weighed daily as those of 24 hours during the 7 days of postpartum. The rate of evaporation at the time of weighning was 5.5%, including both on the external genital organs and in the bottle. The measurement was begun 2 hours after the delivery. The sampling results derived from this observation are as follows, 1) The amount of lochia shows the regular distribution. 2) The rely-bounds are obtained as 286.0±10.1g, throughout all cases, and 268.0±12.0g in 182 untreated normal deliveries. 3) The more abundant amount was obtained in the groups of toxemia of pregnancy and forceps delivery as compared with the untreated normal group, and the less, contrary to this in premature delivery and cesarean section groups. 4) The primiparous was more abundant in amount than the multiparous. 5) The elder the maternal and fetal ages are, the more in amount is obtained. 6) There were found no influence to the quantity by the amount of hemorrhage at the time of labor, and the length of labor. 7) The period of leaving from bed and the administration of uterotonics has no influence to the lochial amount. 8) The amount increases with the weight of the placenta. 9) The less adequate the involution of the uterus at the time of the 7 th day of postpartum is, the less in the quantity. As has been described above, it was confirmed that the quantity of lochia of Japanese is far less than those of 500 to 1000g stated hitherto in the text-books, and, moreovere, influenced by various factors. On account of the definite relationship of lochial quantity to the course of puerperum, the author believes that the lochial amount be able to be one of the critical basis for the process of the involution in the genital organs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TottoriYukio en-aut-sei=Tottori en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=鳥取行雄 kn-aut-sei=鳥取 kn-aut-mei=行雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産科婦人科学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=68 cd-vols= no-issue=1-4 article-no= start-page=149 end-page=151 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1956 dt-pub=1956 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on Pyorrhea Alveolaris at Department of Oral Surgery, Okayama University Medical School. kn-title=我が教室に於ける歯槽濃漏症に関する研究 総括 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=Studies were made on 327 pyorrhea alveolaris cases, 16-29 years of age, who had been found out of 2496 healthy unmarried women with the following results: (1) Pyorrhea alveolaris was found in 13% of them with increasing positive rates in advancing age. (2) Inflammatory type was found in 69% , combined type 29% , and atrophic type 1% with a general trend of mildness. (3) Traumatic occlusion was found in 10.4% . (4) The capillaries of nail grooves in pyorrhea alveolaris cases are very often abnormal in their arrangement, winding and thickness. (5) Pyorrhea alveolaris cases were found in 81% of uterine hypoplasia cases due to hormone disturbances. (6) R.B.C., W.B.C., hemoglobin, E.S.R., and red corpuscle resistance of pyorrhea alveolaris case, were normal; reticulocytes were slightly decreased, acidophil leucocytes were slightly increased, blood sugar was the maximum with in a normal range, γ-globulin in serum widely ranged, respiration of the R.B.C. slightly diminished, and cholinesterase of the R.B.C. and plasma slightly decreased. (7) Function of the reticuloendothelial system was decreased. (8) Basal metabolism, slightly elevated, being +12.60% on an average. Specific dynamic function of proteins was clearly decreased in 70% of the patients observed. (9) Gingivae of pyorrhea alveolaris cases showed three times increase in histamine. (10) On improvement of pyorrhea alveolaris, the lesser appearance of acidophils, degenerated epithelia, and spirochetae was observed in the exudate of gingival pockets with the appearance of the more nnmbers in small phagocytes and lymphocytes. (11) Iodine preparations, chlorophyl agents, local and general external application of vitamin K were found favorable in treating pyorrhea alveolaris. kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImagawaYoso en-aut-sei=Imagawa en-aut-mei=Yoso kn-aut-name=今川与曹 kn-aut-sei=今川 kn-aut-mei=与曹 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=4-2 article-no= start-page=1849 end-page=1855 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590405 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Cytological Studies on the Mechanism Inducing Allergic Inflammation Part 2. The Permeability of the Cell Membrane of Peritoneal Monocytes, with a Special Reference to the Changes after Antigen Action kn-title=アレルギー性炎発現の機構に関する細胞学的研究 第2編 腹腔単球の細胞膜透過性について殊に抗原作用後の変化 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As reported in the previous paper in the belief that tha acceleration of the cell-membrane permeability and the resultant inflow of external-fluid into the cell are responsible for the dispersion of vital-staining dye particles within the cell when the antigen is made to act on peritoneal monocytes from the rabbits sensitized with bovine serum, the author estimated the fluctuation in the permeability of Janus green and Nile blue both before and after the action of antigen. In this series of experiments the author employed the conventional supra-vital staining combined with the method for the fixation of the dye by potassium mercuric iodide solution devised by Seno, Haba, Maki et al. and estimated the changes in the permeability under a microspectrophotometer. As the result, it has been verified that cells coming in contact with antigen increase in the cell-diameter by about 2.5μ and the permeability for dyes is accelerated 1.71 to 2.22 times in one minute. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayashiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=林弘 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部病理学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=71 cd-vols= no-issue=4-2 article-no= start-page=1839 end-page=1847 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1959 dt-pub=19590405 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Cytological Studies on the Mechanism Inducing Allergic Inflammation Part 1. A Study on the Reaction of the Peritoneal Monocytes from the Sensitized Rabbits to the Antigen kn-title=アレルギー性炎発現の機構に関する細胞学的研究 第1編 牛血清感作家兎の腹腔単球の抗原との接触反応について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The fact that the degradiation products evolving out of cell destruction in the local tissue are the factors playing an important role in a series of exsudative phenomena called as the inflammatory reaction is well-known as already reported by Menkin and others. It is difficult to distinguish the primary disturbance caused by inflammation-inducing substances from the secondary disturbance due to the products of tissue disintegration, but it may be possible to learn the manner of the inflammation-inducing cell destruction if the action of the inflammation inducing substances is so swift that the cells can be observed prior to the onset of the secondary reaction. From these viewpoints the author selected allergic inflammation as the subject for study, and first of all with the use of a phasecontrast microscope pursued the changes caused by the action of antigen on those free cells not being in inflammatory situation. When antigen is made to act on the peritoneal monocytes of the rabbits sensitized with bovine serum the cells quickly retract their pseudopodia; cells become swollen; the nuclear membrane becomes distinct and the nuclear and cytoplasmic structures become indistinct. In addition, when supra vitally-stained cells are observed, they change the shapes rapidly, and the dye, losing its granular form, spread very quickly and extensively in the cytoplasma. These phenomena seem to suggest the acceleration of permeability due to the destruction of the cell membrane with resultant flow of external fluid into the cell, a rapid change in molecular arrangement within the cell, and the demolition of the cell itself due to the activation of various catabolic enzymes, and the emigration of disintegrated substances to the outside of the cell. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HayashiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=林弘 kn-aut-sei=林 kn-aut-mei=弘 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部病理学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=70 cd-vols= no-issue=11 article-no= start-page=4245 end-page=4254 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1958 dt-pub=19581130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Electron-Microscopic Studies on Bacterial Capsule 1. Fundamental Figure of Bacterial Capsule kn-title=細菌莢膜の電子顕微鏡的研究 第1編 基本形態の研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As for the electron-microscopic observation of the bacterial capsule, we can see only the reports by Mudd et al. (1943) on that of Diplococcus pneumoniae and by Labaw et al. (1954) on that of Escherichia coli. In this report. the author tried the electron-microscopic observation of the capsule of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and obtained the following results: 1) For the electron-microscopic observation of the bacterial capsule, the most important is the preparation of the materials; mount and dry bacteria without washing to avoid falling off of the capsular material, and, for this purpose, lyophilization is also a good method. 2) The capsular material is observed as two layers, the internal electron-transparent and external electron-semitransparent layers around the bacterial cell 3) In a young culture, the transparent layer is wide and the semitransparent layer is very narrow. With the lapse of culture time, however, the semitransparent layer gets wider, and, in a very old culture, the transparent layer disappears. 4) After the passage through the mouse, as compared with that of cultured one, the transparent layer appears very widery, and this is considered to be due to the increased secretion of the transparent capsular material. 5) The transparent material coagulate into gel with the lapse of time; this can be well observed after heating. 6) The semitransparent material seems to be nothing but the viscous substance in the colonies of capsule-forming bacteria. These materials can be observed only in capsule-forming bacteria and completely accord with the capsule with is observed light-microscopically in stained preparation. From these results, the author believes that these materials are the bacterial capsule itself and that the capsule could be photographed electron-microscopically. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShidaTsuguo en-aut-sei=Shida en-aut-mei=Tsuguo kn-aut-name=志田次夫 kn-aut-sei=志田 kn-aut-mei=次夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部微生物学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=72 cd-vols= no-issue=11-12 article-no= start-page=2205 end-page=2220 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1960 dt-pub=19601231 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Development of the abdominal musculature of Hynobius nebulosus kn-title=霞山椒魚の腹筋の発生に就て en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Development of the abdominal musculature of Hynobius nebulosus was studied by dissection under binocular magnifying glass and by serial sections, partly stained with some his tochemical methods, the emphasis being laid oa the origin of the transverse abdominal muscle. Differentiation of the dorsal trunk musculature derived from myotomes is performed in "the dorsal Growth-Zone", and this form of muscle-differentiation is common to that of the ven tral trunc musculature derived from the ventral myotome processes. The internal oblique mescle and the external oblique muscle are derived respectively from the inner and the external la yer of "the ventral Growth-Zone" which appears at the ventrolateral region of the early developed ventral trunk musculature. The former grows ventrally, the latter dorsally from the ventral end of the former. The rectus abdominis muscle is also formed from the veatral end of the "Growth-Zone", and grows medially from the ventral end of both oblique muscles. After the above mentioned muscles have completely differentiated, "the sabvertebral Growth-Zone" appears in the subvertebral triangular region between Chorda and the ventro nedial part of the internal oblique muscle. In this region the subvertebral muscle is formed. At the same time the transverse abdominal muscle d in the narrow space between the internal oblique muscle and Peritoneum, but it is difficult to decide whether the Growth-Zone from which the transverse abdominal muscle is derived belongs to the internal oblique muscle or Peritoneum as the space is very narrow. It mav ba sure that the taaisverse abdominal muscle has closely relation to the internal oblique muscle as both muscles differentiate at the same time. The rectus lateralis muscle dsvelops in "the Growth-Zone in the lateral line" and remaining superficial muscles of trunk also develop superficially on the precedingly differentiated trunk musculature by the same way as above mentioned muscle-differentiation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujimotoToyoaki en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Toyoaki kn-aut-name=藤本十四秋 kn-aut-sei=藤本 kn-aut-mei=十四秋 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部解剖学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=74 cd-vols= no-issue=1-3 article-no= start-page=175 end-page=181 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1962 dt-pub=19620330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Supplement of Experimental Study on the properties of the blood remained in the heart of the dead body due to internal bleeding kn-title=内出血死の死体血液に関する実験的研究補遺 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=On the study of the physical and chemical properties of the blood remained in the heart of the rabbit which died of the internal bleeding by cutting off the mesentery artery, comparing with Irie's reports in which he examined the properties of the blood remained in the heart of the dead body due to external bleeding by cutting off the carotid artery and internal bleeding by liver injury, the following results were obtained: 1) In this experiment: a) the quantity of bleeding was larger relatively, and the time of death was longer than in Irie's experiments; b) the blood sedimentation rate and the blood coagulation time prolonged like the case of liver injury; c) the blood sugar increased like the case of liver injury; d) the quantity of serum calcium and phosphor increased like the case of liver injury. 2) There were no obvious differences between this experiment cud the experiment of liver injury. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KandaMizuho en-aut-sei=Kanda en-aut-mei=Mizuho kn-aut-name=神田瑞穂 kn-aut-sei=神田 kn-aut-mei=瑞穂 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahamaKeiichi en-aut-sei=Takahama en-aut-mei=Keiichi kn-aut-name=高浜桂一 kn-aut-sei=高浜 kn-aut-mei=桂一 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KondoYoshio en-aut-sei=Kondo en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name=近藤嘉男 kn-aut-sei=近藤 kn-aut-mei=嘉男 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=熊本大学医学部法医学教室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=熊本大学医学部法医学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=84 cd-vols= no-issue=11-12 article-no= start-page=423 end-page=435 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1972 dt-pub=19721230 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Time-lapse changes of pregnene-5en-20a or β-diol in the urine of newborn kn-title=正常新生児尿中Pregn-5ene-3β, 20α or 20β-diolの経日変動に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=It is known that steroid hormones increase in the blood and urine during pregnancy. For the steroid metabolism in pregnancy there has been proposed a concept of feto-placental-maternal relationship by incubation experiments of fetal adrenals and placenta perfusion experiments and histochemical experiments. More recently with advent of isotopes it has become possible to measure blood steroid hormones so that the steroid metabolism in pregnancy is being elucidated by degrees. During the period from the terminal fetal stage to the newborn stage the adrenal cortex is known to undergo remarkable morphological changes. Namely, it is known that the fetal adrenal weigning ten times that of adult adrenal exists mostly in the fetal zone, which atrophies (shrinks) rapidly after birth and that the activity of 3β-ol-dehydrogenase in the fetal adrenal is extremely weak. In the fetal stage the steroid metabolism is conducted by the maternal-placental relationship, but on delivery this relationship is abruptly severed so that the steroid metabolism is carried out now independently. In view of a great morphological change of the adrenal and steroid metabolism in the fetal stage, the adaptation to the external environments in the newborn stage is truly mystical indeed. An especially interesting problem is just how 3β-ol-dehydrogenase known to possess only a weak activity in the fetal stage would operate in the newborn stage. For the purpose to elucidate how this 3β-ol-dehydrogenase operates on the urinary steroid hormones in newborn stage, the author paid a special attention to the urinary pregene-5en-20α or β-diol (Δ5-pregnenediol to be abbreviated to Δ5 Pd). Δ5-Pd is a saturated form pregnenolone and is a direct metabolite in the urine derived from pregnenolone. Consequently, Δ5Pd, when there occurs a decrease in the activity of 3-β-ol-dehydrogenase or some disturbance so that an excessive precursor flows into the pathway of steroid metabolism and the blood pregenenolone concentration becomes abnormally high, overflows resulting in a large quantity of it in the urine. In other words, when there is an excessive amount of Δ5Pd in the urine it can be considered that there is some abnormality of the steroid metabolism. Therefore, so long as the steroid metabolism in the newbron stage is being conducted smoothly, there would occur no appreciable change of Δ5Pd. With Δ5Fd as it is quite difficult to isolate and colorimetory, most of attempts of isolation-coloration procedures are done with Δ-5-3β-ol-steroid as a whole. The author devised a new method of isolation-coloration of Δ5Pd for the purpose to elucidate the adaptation of newborn to external environments from urinary steroid hormones, and carried out the measurements of Δ5Pd with lapse of time using urine collected from normal newborn babies. The results are summaried as follows. 1. By means of florisil column chromatography and impregnant TLC, it was possible to isolate Δ5Pd into pregnenolone, 17-OH-pregnenolone, 17-OH-progesteron and DHA, with allmost the same polarity. 2. By the new coloration method with Δ5Pd the color sensitivity as high as 1.5 to 2 times that of Oertel and Eik-Nes was attained. 3. As for the identification of Δ5Pd, it has been confirmed by the spots with the same Rf in the impregnant TLC, and in gas liquid chromatography using two kinds of filler by the same R. R. T., and by the coincidence of serial absorption curves in the coloration method. 4. As regards time-lapse (diurnal) changes of Δ5Pd, looking at the average values, there could be seen not so much change after birth, decreasing gradually. Looking at separate individuals, they could be divided into three groups: postnatal decreasing group, postnatal ascending group, and no change group. 5. The steroid metabolism of newborns has been indicated to be being carried on smoothly from the low values of Δ5Pd. 6. It has been demonstrated that the adaptation of newborns to external environments is completed by 5.7th (5th to 7th) postnatal day. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AkimotoTeruhisa en-aut-sei=Akimoto en-aut-mei=Teruhisa kn-aut-name=秋本晄久 kn-aut-sei=秋本 kn-aut-mei=晄久 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部産婦人科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=84 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=331 end-page=339 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1972 dt-pub=19721030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on direct bilirubin Part 2. Studies on bilirubin sulfate fraction kn-title=直接bilirubinに関する研究 第2編 Bilirubin sulfate分画に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The bile was collected from the rat external bile fistula after the duodenal administration of (35)S-sodium sulfate. The exsistence of bilirubin sulfate in the bile was studied. Also clinical significance of bilirubin sulfate was studied useing jaundiced urine obtained from the patients with acute hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice. The amount of sulfate was measured by Weber & Schalm's method. The results were as follows: 1) Appearance of (35)S-radioactivity into the rat bile was found from 5 to 6 minutes after the duodenal administration of (35)S-sodium sulfate. The total amount of radioactivity up to 8 hours was 42.1% of given (35)S-radioactivity. 2) Crude direct bilirubin fraction obtained from the rat bile contained 88% of total bile radioactivity. 3) Crude direct bilirubin was fractionated with paper chromatography, then (35)S-radioactivity was dectected with radioautogram and radio chromatogram obtained from the paper chromatogram. The (35)S-radioactivity was found at two spots of Rf 0.32-0.41 and 0.20-0.25. The radioactivity was localized at the original spots of paper chromatogram obtained from the mixture of direct bilirubin and (35)S-sodium sulfate. 4) Amount of bilirubin sulfate decreased at 12 hours when the liver parenchyma was highly damaged after acute carbon tetrachloride poisoning, then increased. 5) No significant corelation was found among the ratio of bilirubin sulfate to direct bilirubin and non-specific colloid reactions, serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin. 6) Bilirubin sulfate obtained from the jaundiced urine was ranged from 2.09 to 10.0% of the direct bilirubin and averaged 5.98% when bilirubin sulfate was caliculated as bilirubin monosulfate. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaiToshio en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=河合利夫 kn-aut-sei=河合 kn-aut-mei=利夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=84 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=321 end-page=330 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1972 dt-pub=19721030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on direct bilirubin Part 1. Studies on bilirubin phosphate fraction kn-title=直接bilirubinに関する研究 第1編 Bilirubin phosphate分画に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Characterization of the non-glucuronide conjugated bilirubin fraction showing positive phosphate-ester reaction reported by Kondo was studied. The results were as follows: 1) After (32)P-sodium phosphate was injected into the duodenum of Wister strain rat, bile was collected from the external bile fistula. Crude bilirubin was prepared from the collected bile by Sakamoto's method. (32)P-radioactivity was localized at the ester-form bilirubin fraction of the crude bilirubin. (32)P-radioactivity was detected in the bile during from 10 to 15 minutes after the duodenal injection. Total amount of the excreted (32)P-radioactivity collected up to eight hours after the loading was 1.7%. 2) Localization of the radioactivity at radioautogram and radio chromatogram obtained from the paper chromatogram of the ester-form bilirubin fraction separated by Kondo's method was found at the same spot showing positive phosphate-ester reaction reported by Kondo. The radioactivity of the azo-pigments yielded from the ester-form bilirubin localized at the spots showing positive phosphate-ester reaction. 3) Amount of bilirubin phosphate fraction increased in the rat bile after carbon tetrachloride poisoning. Amount of bilirubin phosphate fraction in the bile collected from the patients with liver cirrhosis was much more than that from normal subject. This results suggests the bilirubin phosphate fraction increased compensatly when the bilirubin glucuronide fraction was decreased in the liver parenchymal damage. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaiToshio en-aut-sei=Kawai en-aut-mei=Toshio kn-aut-name=河合利夫 kn-aut-sei=河合 kn-aut-mei=利夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1内科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=84 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=127 end-page=141 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1972 dt-pub=19720630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Observations on Diapedesis with A High-speed Cinema kn-title=高速度カメラによる漏出性出血の観察 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Microscopic observations on diapedesis of the mesenterium in a rabbit was carried on by high speed cinephotography, where recording rate to 2200 f. p. s. were used. The majar features of diapedesis elucidated in this study were as follows: An erythrocyte which come near to a small opening on the microvascular wall transformed and was attracted by the opening. Then it extravasated from the vascular wall. The length of time required for the erythrocyte to pass through the wall ranged from 0.047 sec. to 0.31 sec.. The erythrocyte escaped with a high speed (5-7mm/sec.) as a dash at the external border of the vascular wall (comparing 110μ/sec. of erythrocyte flow). Platelet flew toward the opening without showing down its flow velocity. Diapedesis meant in this study that erythrocytes extravasated one by one from the small openings proper to diapedesis. To author's knowledge, there is no study concerning with diapedesis observed with a high speed cinema. This study was read at the 8th Japanese Association of Angiology (1968) and the 15th Japanese Symposium of Medicine (1970). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimamuraYukio en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=島村幸夫 kn-aut-sei=島村 kn-aut-mei=幸夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=459 end-page=476 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1976 dt-pub=19760630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on membrane architecture of blood corpusclesPart Ⅰ: Ultrastructural study of freeze-etched erythrocyte membranes kn-title=血液細胞膜構築の研究 第一編 Freeze-etching法による赤血球膜構築の検討 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To study the biomembrane architecture, the ultrastructural observation of erythrocyte membranes was performed using the freeze-etching method. Freeze-etched erythrocyte membranes of normal subjects showed the smooth surface with small particles, which were measured 84±23 A in diameter, 3928±182/μ(2) in density in the internal surface (I.S.) and 147±30 A, 643±159/μ(2) in the external surface (E.S.). As the comparative study, the erythrocyte membrane of the patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), dyserythroblastic anemia, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and ovalocytosis were also examined with the freeze-etching method. The erythrocytes showing the functional or morphological abnormalities were proved to have a various type of abnormal architectures in the membranes. In AIHA and PNH, the improvement of anemia was observed after the administration of steroid hormon or vitamin E and was in the good correlation with the normalization of the erythrocyte membrane architecture. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TadaShinya en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Shinya kn-aut-name=多田慎也 kn-aut-sei=多田 kn-aut-mei=慎也 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部大学院医学研究科 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=100 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1976 dt-pub=19760228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Structure of the thoracic duct wall in human kn-title=ヒトの胸管壁の構造について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the human thoracic duct wall the direction and the ascending angle of the smooth muscle cells are not necessarily fixed according to the site, but as a rule the smooth muscle cells of the interior layer of the tunica media ascend longitudinally at about 80° with their origin at the internal elastic membrane and connect to the circular muscle of tunica media that ascends at angle of about 10° and terminates at the external elastic membrane. At the exterior side of tunica media it becomes often longitudinal and sometimes it forms the exterior layer. The smooth muscle cells which connect the middle layer and exterior layer from the interior layer run in a specific arc line. In the case where a pair of valves cover the thoracic wall, at the site between the two valves there can be observed no longitudinal muscle of the interior layer. Generally the internal elastic membrane is incomplete, and often it forms longitudinal networks, but there is sometimes the case where morphologically it forms a well arranged internal elastic membrane. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuwaKiichi en-aut-sei=Suwa en-aut-mei=Kiichi kn-aut-name=諏訪喜一 kn-aut-sei=諏訪 kn-aut-mei=喜一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一解剖学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=88 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=83 end-page=88 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1976 dt-pub=19760228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The fine distribution of lymph vessels in the aortic wall kn-title=イエウサギの大動脈壁におけるリンパ管の微細分布 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With adult rabbit under nembutal anesthesia they were subjected to laparotomy, and after ligating chylus about 10ml of India ink diluted 4-fold with physiological saline solution was injected slowly into inguinal lymph nodes and external iliacal lymph nodes. About 5 hours later the abdominal aorta was taken out, and it was cut into longitudinal and cross celloidin sections of about 100μ in thickness, which were stained with aldehyde-fuchsin or light-green solution and the distribution of lymph vessels in the arterial wall was observed. With some of the above specimens transparent samples were also prepared. By the forced reverse flow of lymph it was found that the excretory lymph vessel group arising from lymph capillary immediately adjacent to the internal elastic membrane of the aortic wall runs gradually along collagenous fibers through the fenestrations of each elastic membrane of the tunica media, and appears at the tunica adventitia and after confluencing they become a ralatively large excretory lymph vessel, but they further confluence with the excretory lymph vessel arising from the lymph capillary of fat tissue in the tunica adventitia, and they form an aggregative lymph vessel which runs over the exterior layer of the tunica adventitia, and when it comes out of the tunica adventitia it enters into the aortic lymph node. What is noteworthy is the fact that both the aggregative and excretory lymph vessels have peri-lymphvessel spaces. Embryologically, such a peri-lymphvessel space is a kind of closed space formed by the peri-arterialwall connective tissue consistig of double membrane that covers a part of the aortic lymph nodes to make an aggregative lymph vessel, and then excretory lymph vessel, which should be considered as a lymph space. Further at the site where the aggregative lymph vessel come in this closed space there is a narrow gate. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuwaKiichi en-aut-sei=Suwa en-aut-mei=Kiichi kn-aut-name=諏訪喜一 kn-aut-sei=諏訪 kn-aut-mei=喜一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一解剖学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=87 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=943 end-page=947 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19751030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Fine distribution of nutrient blood vessels in the aortic wall and the presence of lymph nodules in its wall of the rabbit kn-title=イエウサギの大動脈壁における栄養血管の微細分布及びその動脈壁におけるリンパ小節の存在について en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=After perfusing rabbits with physiological saline solution, India ink or Berlin blue was injected into the aorta, and the direction and distribution of nutrient vessels in the aortic vessel wall were examined with blood vessel sections and transparent vessel specimens. The nutrient arteries and nutrient veins often run in parallel in the external layer of the tunica adventitia, but in its inner layer they have circular branches, and these branches enter into the tunica media at the angle of 20°-50°, then they become terminal arteries that adhere to the internal elastic membrane of the tunica interna, and then they are transformed into venules, which run slightly apart from the arteries and appear in the tunica adventita, but within the tunica media they form a beautiful capillary network. Those venules that appear in the tunica adventitia run in parallel with arterioles through the external layer of the tunica adventitia What is noteworthy is the fact that there can be observed solitary lymph nodules within the capillary vessel network both in the middle layer of the tunica media and in the external layer of the tunica adventia of the aortic wall. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SuwaKiichi en-aut-sei=Suwa en-aut-mei=Kiichi kn-aut-name=諏訪喜一 kn-aut-sei=諏訪 kn-aut-mei=喜一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一解剖学教室/鳥取大学医学部第一解剖学教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=90 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=225 end-page=249 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1978 dt-pub=19780228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on the ano-rectal functions following sphincter-preserving operations for the rectal cancer kn-title=直腸癌に対する肛門括約筋保存手術後の排便機能に関する研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In 60 cases of rectal cancer who underwent sphincter-preserving operations between 1962 and 1975, post-operative ano-rectal functions were examined by means of subjective symptoms, digital examination through the anal canal, the pressure inside the anal canal, electromyography of the external sphincter, anal canal sensory examinations, reflex of the internal sphincter and radiography of the rectum. In 28 cases of anterior resection, the post-operative ano-rectal functions were good as long as there was no stenosis in the junction part. In patients who underwent the invagination type operation, the ano-rectal functions were also good as in the anterior resection cases. In cases of the pull-through operation, the ano-rectal functions in the initial post-operative period were worse than those for the other types of operation. The reason for this is thought to be the loss of the internal sphincter reflex and the decrease in reservoir continence due to defective ampulla formation. However, two years after the operations, the ano-rectal functions of these patients showed considerable improvement. In particulart, ano-rectal functions were good when the post-operative ampulla formation was good even when there was no internal sphincter reflex but the functions were disturbed in some way if there was internal sphincter reflex but poor ampulla formation. From animal experiments, it was evident that rectal ampulla is an important factor in post-operative ano-rectal functions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshikawaMamoru en-aut-sei=Yoshikawa en-aut-mei=Mamoru kn-aut-name=吉川守 kn-aut-sei=吉川 kn-aut-mei=守 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第1外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=89 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=433 end-page=448 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1977 dt-pub=19770430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Hemodynamics in a heart with myocardial infarction and a heart with mitral regurgitation superimposed in myocardial infarction kn-title=僧帽弁逆流を伴う心筋硬塞の血行動態学的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mitral regurgitation following myocardial infarction is one of the most serious complications. Therefore, early detection of the mitral regurgitation occurring in myocardial infarction must help in directing a treatment for it and in improving its prognosis. This study was conducted to establish a new clue of predicting mitral regurgitation complicated on myocardial infarction. Acute myocardial infarction and quantitatively measurable mitral regurgitation were made in 14 normal canine hearts to determine hemodynamics. Acute myocardial infarction was produced by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery at its proximal one third and filling the branch distal to the ligation with 2 % -agar solution. Mitral regurgitation was through an external shunt from the apex of the left ventricle to the left atrial appendage. Hemodynamics were altered on production of myocardial infarction as follows: decrease of aortic and left ventricular pressures, increase of left atrial pressure and LVEDP, decrease of LV-max. dp/dt, and decrease of cardiac output and LV-SW. Hemodynamic alterations were as follows in a heart with mitral regurgitation superimposed on myocardial infarction. Mitral regurgitation was twice as much as cardiac output of heart with myocardial infarction: increase of left atrial pressure and LVEDP, increase of total stroke volume with decrease of effective stroke volume, increase of LV-max. dp/dt, increase of aortic and left ventricular systolic pressure. With increase of mitral regurgitation amounting 4 times as much as the cardiac output of a heart with only myocardial infarction, hemodynamics changed as follows: further decrease of effective stroke volume and LV-SW, decrease of aortic and left ventricular pressure, and no change in LV-max. dp/dt. Analysis of the aortic and left ventricular pressure tracings revealed shortening of the rapid ejection period, resulting in reduced ratio of this period to cardiac cycle. It was concluded that pressure tracing of the aorta or left ventricle would reflect hemodynamics altered when mitral regurgitation was complicated with myocardial infarction. Namely, it is conceivable that mitral regurgitation occurred in a patient with myocardial infarction when the pressure tracing showed shortening of the rapid ejection period. Therefore, monitoring of the arterial pressure tracing is available even in a less-equipped institute and yields indispensable information that mitral regurgitation did develop in a patient with myocardial infarction. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TanizakiMasayuki en-aut-sei=Tanizaki en-aut-mei=Masayuki kn-aut-name=谷崎眞行 kn-aut-sei=谷崎 kn-aut-mei=眞行 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第二外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=89 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=273 end-page=298 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1977 dt-pub=19770430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Extracranial-intracranial bypass formation for cerebral infarction -An experimental study- kn-title=脳血管閉塞症に対する血行再建術の実験的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The left middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded at its origin via a subtemporal approach under operating microscopic control in 24 dogs. In 8 of these 24 dogs, end-to-side anastomosis between the maxillary artery (MA) and a branch of the left middle cerebral artery (MA•MCA anastomosis) was completed 4 hours after MCA occlusion (prompt bypass). In 5 dogs, MA•MCA anastomosis was performed 3 weeks after MCA occlusion (delayed bypass). These MA•MCA anastomoses were carried out with microsurgical technique as well. Remaining 11 dogs without MA•MCA anastomosis were used for control animals. Each animal was observed clinically every day until sacrifice. In control animals, common carotid angiography was performed just prior to sacrifice between 2nd and 5th postoperative weeks. Treated animals were studied with selective external carotid angiography 2 weeks after MA•MCA anastomosis. After sacrifice, transcarotid perfusion with 10% formalin solution was carried out, the brains were removed carefully, and they were additionally fixed in 10% formalin for 2 weeks. Each brain was sectioned, stained and examined histologically. 1. MA•MCA anastomosis was devised as a new experimental model for extracranial-intracranial bypass graft in the dog. In prompt bypass of 8 dogs, 7 cases showed patency of anastomosis (88%), and in delayed bypass of 5 dogs, angiogram revealed 4 patent anastomosis (80%). In successful cases, angiogram demonstrated excellent filling of the entire territory of MCA through the new shunts. Anatomical and spatial advantage of the MA seemed to have brought good results in our series of anastomosis than that of other previous experimental extracranial-intracranial bypass graft in the dog. This is the first report on successful patent bypass graft after long-term occlusion of the MCA in animals. It seems that this new experimental model brings the progress in the field of studies of extracranial-intracranial bypass graft for cerebral infarction. 2. Clinical evaluation of all control animals showed mild to severe neurological deficits, mainly contralateral hemiparesis, or death. On the other hand, animals with patent prompt bypass demonstrated no neurological deficits. Gross and histological evaluation of the brains showed that permanent occlusion of the MCA produced medium or large-sized infarct located in its territory in control animals, and patent prompt bypass usualy caused no or only microscopical infarct. In patent delayed bypass, the size of infarct seems to be smaller than that of non-treated animals. No hemorrhagic infarct caused by revascularization was found in treated animals with both prompt and delayed bypass grafts. There was fairly good relation between the neurological deficits and the pathological features in the brains. In general, it seemed that animals with patent bypass grafts fared better than untreated animals both clinically and pathologically. This experimental data suggest that reestablishment of blood flow by extracranial-intracranial bypass graft, especially in prompt bypass, might lead to significant restoration of neurological function without pathological damage of the brain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AsariSyoji en-aut-sei=Asari en-aut-mei=Syoji kn-aut-name=浅利正二 kn-aut-sei=浅利 kn-aut-mei=正二 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部脳神経外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=92 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=137 end-page=152 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1980 dt-pub=19800228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=An experimental-anatomical study on the auditory tectothalamic projections kn-title=聴覚性視蓋視床投射に関する実験解剖学的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present study has been undertaken to clarify the ascending projections of the inferior colliculus (IC) to the posterior thalamus, particularly the medical geniculate body (MGB), using the Nauta-Gygax and Fink-Heimer methods. The ventrolateral part of the central nucleus of IC projects mainly to the laminated ventral principal part and the lateral portion of the magnocelluar part of MGB. The projections to the laminated ventral principal part are topically organized mediolaterally, i.e., the medial laminae of the central nucleus of IC project to the medial laminae of the ventral principal part of MGB, whereas the more lateral laminae of the central nucleus send fibers to the more lateral laminae of the ventral principal part of MGB. The projections of the central nucleus of IC to the laminated ventral principal part of MGB also appear to be organized anteroposteriorly and dorsoventrally. The dorsomedial part of the central nucleus of IC projects to the ventromedial portion of the ventral principal part, the magnocellular part, and the ventral portion of the dorsal principal part of MGB. The external nucleus of IC is situated lateral to the central nucleus and extends anteriorly to form the anterior extremity of IC. It projects to the magnocellular and ventral principal parts and to the ventral portion of the dorsal principal part of MGB, including the deep dorsal nucleus of Morest (1964). In addition, it sends fibers to the deeper layers of the superior colliculus (stratum griseum intermediale and profundum) and to the anterior pretectal and suprageniculate nuclei. The inferior colliculus projects to the nucleus of the brachium of the inferior colliculus and the interstitial nucleus of the inferior brachium and to the central gray of the midbrain. Each part of IC is connected with other parts by intrinsic fibers. IC sends fibers to the dorsal part of the contralateral inferior colliculus, particularly the dorsomedial part of the central nucleus, through the commissure of the inferior colliculus. Only a few fibers pass by way of the inferior brachium to MGB on the contralateral side. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamawakiMasaomi en-aut-sei=Yamawaki en-aut-mei=Masaomi kn-aut-name=山脇正臣 kn-aut-sei=山脇 kn-aut-mei=正臣 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第三解剖学教室 en-keyword=聴覚系 kn-keyword=聴覚系 en-keyword=繊維投射 kn-keyword=繊維投射 en-keyword=視床 kn-keyword=視床 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=91 cd-vols= no-issue=9-10 article-no= start-page=1171 end-page=1206 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1979 dt-pub=19791030 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A scanning electron microscopic study on regenerating rat liver sinusoid kn-title=ラット再生肝における血管の走査電子顕微鏡的研究-特に類洞における変化- en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=With rats from which about 70% of the liver was previously removed, corrosion casts and specimens of freeze-cracking method were prepared from time to time after the operation. These specimens were used for scanning electron microscope observation. Ultra-thin sections were also prepared for transmission electron microscope observation to study regeneration of the sinusoid during regeneration of the liver. The results were compared with normal rat liver, and were as follows: Regenerative proliferation of the sinusoid after partial hepatectomy began about 12 hours after hepatectomy. First the space of Disse enlarged. This later becomes a sinusoid, so the author had designated it as a presinusoid space. The presinusoid spaces appear about 12 hours after hepatectomy, and can be observed up to about the third post- operative day. In the early stages, they are spherical, about 2-10 μ in diameter, and grow larger with lapse of time. Later they become larger than the sinusoid. Some have many bumps running parallel to the sinusoids, while others bind with the sinusoid to form bridges. They are located at the margin of the sinusoid facing one fixed direction. The sinusoid and the presinusoid space are separated by endothelial cells lying in between them. The other external wall is composed of liver cells. The number of microvilli of the liver cell surface is extremely small. This stage has been called the stage of the presinusoid space. In the presinusoid space, the liver cell surface which forms the exterior wall shows newly formed endothelial cells after cell division. These protrude and completely cover the inner surface. At the same time a neoplastic sinusoid forms by removing the endothelial cells there. The formation of the new sinusoid starts about 24 hours after partial hepatectomy and continues up to about the third postoperative day. This stage has been designated the sinusoid budding stage. The neoplastic sinusoid is at first closed at one end but later these neoplastic sinusoids fuse to form a new sinusoidal network. Such fusion commences about 48 hours after partial hepatectomy, and continues vigorously for about 3 postoperative days. This stage is called the fusion stage. The new sinusoidal network formed by the fusion of neoplastic sinusoids is irregular, and its surface is uneven, but with time, the arrangement and the surface contour become regular and smooth. The process is completed by about 14 postoperative days. This stage has been designated the completion stage. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadaSeiichi en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name=山田征一 kn-aut-sei=山田 kn-aut-mei=征一 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部第一外科教室 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=96 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=263 end-page=270 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1984 dt-pub=19840430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Clinicopathological Study of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Ear kn-title=聴器扁平上皮癌の臨床と側頭骨病理組織所見 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Seven cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the ear encountered at Okayama university hospital between 1972 and 1981 were reviewed, and a histopathological study of the temporal bone of one patient was reported. All cases were in advanced stages, T3 in five cases and T4 in two cases according to the TNM classification of ear cancer after Sakai. The external auditory canal was the primary site in five cases and the middle ear in two cases. Only two patients, whose lesions were localized in the shallow portion of the external auditory canal, had lived for a long period without any recurrence at the time of this study. In contrast, the remaining five patients whose lesions extended into the middle ear and mastoid had died of cancer. Histopathological examination of the temporal bone of one patient revealed that the tumor extended both into the internal acoustic meatus along the facial canal and to the extratemporal bone area via the eustachian tube. Additionally, in spite of extensive osteoradionecrosis over the temporal bone due to a full dose of irradiation, active tumor tissue remained in the petrous apex cells of the temporal bone.From these findings, it was assumed that carcinoma of the ear is the most difficult to treat successfully among head and neck malignancies. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SaitoRyusuke en-aut-sei=Saito en-aut-mei=Ryusuke kn-aut-name=斉藤龍介 kn-aut-sei=斉藤 kn-aut-mei=龍介 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoAkiko en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name=藤本明子 kn-aut-sei=藤本 kn-aut-mei=明子 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujitaAkira en-aut-sei=Fujita en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=藤田彰 kn-aut-sei=藤田 kn-aut-mei=彰 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeShuichi en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Shuichi kn-aut-name=渡辺周一 kn-aut-sei=渡辺 kn-aut-mei=周一 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TomotsuTakao en-aut-sei=Tomotsu en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name=鞆津尚夫 kn-aut-sei=鞆津 kn-aut-mei=尚夫 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=MisakiKeizo en-aut-sei=Misaki en-aut-mei=Keizo kn-aut-name=三崎敬三 kn-aut-sei=三崎 kn-aut-mei=敬三 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraYoshio en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name=小倉義郎 kn-aut-sei=小倉 kn-aut-mei=義郎 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaraKiyoshi en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Kiyoshi kn-aut-name=松原浄 kn-aut-sei=松原 kn-aut-mei=浄 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=国立岡山病院耳鼻咽喉科 en-keyword=squamous cell carcinoma, kn-keyword=squamous cell carcinoma, en-keyword=external auditory canal kn-keyword=external auditory canal en-keyword=middle ear kn-keyword=middle ear en-keyword=temporal bone pathology kn-keyword=temporal bone pathology en-keyword=treatment kn-keyword=treatment END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=97 cd-vols= no-issue=7-8 article-no= start-page=677 end-page=689 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1985 dt-pub=19850830 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Experimental studies on vascular cahnges and bone regeneration after subperiosteal hemimandibulectomy kn-title=骨膜下顎骨離断術後の骨新生に伴う血管像の変化に関する実験的研究 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=When jaw resection is necessitated by mandibular tumors, deformities and dys- or hypofunction of the jaw are unavoidable. To secure recovery from impairment, prostheses of the jaw bone, for instance, artificial substances or autologous bone, are usually utilized. When an artificial substance is used, however, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory results due to poor tissue affinity and compatibility. When an autologous transplantation is performed, healthy tissue other than the lesion it self is inevitably damaged in addtion to bone fragments being required from the patients. Recent reports have shown that bone regeneration occurs without bone transplantation if the periosteum is left behind at the time of jaw resection. Thus, attention has been paid to bone regeneration by the periosteum, especially among young patients. To my knowledge, there have been no reports concerning vascular and bone regeneration after subperiosteal hemimandibulectomy. Subperiosteal hemimandibulectomy, including removal of the mandibular head, was performed in rabbits. Dry-cast models were prepared by resin injection into the carotid artery, and transparent specimens were prepared by chloropercha injection into the carotid artery. Regeneration of blood vessels and bone were observed macro- and microscopically. During the initial stage, blood supply to the site of the bone defect was made mainly from periosteal blood vessels. The periosteal blood vessels, related to bone regeneration, gradually developed and anastomosed with the blood vessels extending from the bonr marrow, resulting in a fine vascular network. The external carotid, facial, and transverse facial arteries extended to the site of the bone defect approximately thirty days after the operation. The periosteal, bone marrow and extramaxillary blood vessels probably play an important role in bone regeneration. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NagayamaHisao en-aut-sei=Nagayama en-aut-mei=Hisao kn-aut-name=永山久夫 kn-aut-sei=永山 kn-aut-mei=久夫 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学歯学部口腔外科学第1講座 en-keyword=Subperiosteal hemimandibulectomy kn-keyword=Subperiosteal hemimandibulectomy en-keyword=blood vessel and bone regeneration kn-keyword=blood vessel and bone regeneration en-keyword=dry-cast nodel kn-keyword=dry-cast nodel en-keyword=transparent specimen kn-keyword=transparent specimen END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=98 cd-vols= no-issue=3-4 article-no= start-page=273 end-page=283 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1986 dt-pub=19860430 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Studies on alcohol metabolism Part Ⅱ. Ethanol, acetaldehyde and acetate levels in blood after ethanol administration under various body conditions in rabbits kn-title=アルコール代謝に関する研究 第二編 飲酒後の血中ethanolおよび代謝産物濃度の推移と諸種要因の影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In legal medicine, it is an established procedure to determine blood levels of ethanol in the living body or the corpse and estimate the level of drinking after establishment of the fact of drinking. In this process, effects of external factors, such as differences in the individual bodies, physical condition, various diseases, impact of food or drugs, exercise and bathing, present a problem. This paper describes a study on changes in blood levels of ethanol and its metabolites under the influence of varied factors as viewed from the practice of legal medicine. When rabbits were orally given Japanese "sake", there was a positive relationship between the dose of ethanol and its levels in the blood, whereas there was no such relationship with acetaldehyde or acetate. In the forced walk experiment in rabbits, no changes could be found in the levels of ethanol or acetate, but high levels of acetaldehyde were found in some animals. When the animals were bathed in hot water, acetaldehyde disappeared in the blood rather quickly in some rabbits, but the blood levels of acetate remained unchanged. Concurrent administration of sugar and Japanese "sake" to the experimental animals tended to acelerate metabolism both of acetaldehyde and acetate as well as ethanol. Administration of cyanamide elevated the acetaldehyde levels, and similar effect occurred with ethanol and acetaldehyde levels, in rabbit with a CCl(4)-damaged liver. In rabbits given ethanol every other day for 10 months, normal function was maintained in the liver, and high blood levels of ethanol were found in some animals. On the other hand, no significant changes occurred in acetaldehyde or acetate levels. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShirakamiKiyotaka en-aut-sei=Shirakami en-aut-mei=Kiyotaka kn-aut-name=白神圭由 kn-aut-sei=白神 kn-aut-mei=圭由 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部法医学教室 en-keyword=ADH kn-keyword=ADH en-keyword=ALDHの組織化学 kn-keyword=ALDHの組織化学 en-keyword=アルコール代謝酵素 kn-keyword=アルコール代謝酵素 en-keyword=酵素の体内分布 kn-keyword=酵素の体内分布 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=100 cd-vols= no-issue=11-12 article-no= start-page=1129 end-page=1136 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=1988 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Treatment combining embolization and external irradiation in 2 patients with spontaneous carotid-caverous fistula kn-title=塞栓術と放射線治療が奏効した特発性CCFの2例 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=After super-selective embolization of the external carotid arterial branch, some improvement in the symptoms of two patients (63-year-old female, 68-year-old female) were observed, but some symptoms continued after the embolization. One month after the embolization, external irradiation (10MeV X ray, 2Gy/day, 5fr/W, total 30Gy) was administered to the region of the fistula. An angiogram after completion of the irradiation showed complete disappearance of CCF, and almost complete improvement of symptoms was observed. For three years following the completion of irradiation, neither recurrence of sympoms nor side effects were noted. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TakashimaHitoshi en-aut-sei=Takashima en-aut-mei=Hitoshi kn-aut-name=高島均 kn-aut-sei=高島 kn-aut-mei=均 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhkawaMotoomi en-aut-sei=Ohkawa en-aut-mei=Motoomi kn-aut-name=大川元臣 kn-aut-sei=大川 kn-aut-mei=元臣 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KojimaKanji en-aut-sei=Kojima en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name=児島完治 kn-aut-sei=児島 kn-aut-mei=完治 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatohKatashi en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Katashi kn-aut-name=佐藤功 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=功 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizukawaKiichiroh en-aut-sei=Mizukawa en-aut-mei=Kiichiroh kn-aut-name=水川帰一郎 kn-aut-sei=水川 kn-aut-mei=帰一郎 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HinoIchiroh en-aut-sei=Hino en-aut-mei=Ichiroh kn-aut-name=日野一郎 kn-aut-sei=日野 kn-aut-mei=一郎 aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SeoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Seo en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name=瀬尾裕之 kn-aut-sei=瀬尾 kn-aut-mei=裕之 aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsunnoShinsuke en-aut-sei=Matsunno en-aut-mei=Shinsuke kn-aut-name=松野慎介 kn-aut-sei=松野 kn-aut-mei=慎介 aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamaiToyosato en-aut-sei=Tamai en-aut-mei=Toyosato kn-aut-name=玉井豊理 kn-aut-sei=玉井 kn-aut-mei=豊理 aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanabeMasatada en-aut-sei=Tanabe en-aut-mei=Masatada kn-aut-name=田邉正忠 kn-aut-sei=田邉 kn-aut-mei=正忠 aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=MinoShohgo en-aut-sei=Mino en-aut-mei=Shohgo kn-aut-name=三野章呉 kn-aut-sei=三野 kn-aut-mei=章呉 aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=UedaKiyotaka en-aut-sei=Ueda en-aut-mei=Kiyotaka kn-aut-name=植田清隆 kn-aut-sei=植田 kn-aut-mei=清隆 aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmotoTakashi en-aut-sei=Ohmoto en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=大本尭史 kn-aut-sei=大本 kn-aut-mei=尭史 aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学放射線医学教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学放射線医学教室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学放射線医学教室 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学放射線医学教室 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学放射線医学教室 affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学放射線医学教室 affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学放射線医学教室 affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学放射線医学教室 affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学放射線医学教室 affil-num=10 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学放射線医学教室 affil-num=11 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学脳外科学教室 affil-num=12 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学脳外科学教室 affil-num=13 en-affil= kn-affil=香川医科大学脳外科学教室 en-keyword=CCF kn-keyword=CCF en-keyword=塞栓術 kn-keyword=塞栓術 en-keyword=放射線治療 kn-keyword=放射線治療 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=100 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=655 end-page=667 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=1988 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Effect of heat on regional cerebral blood flow of the normal monkey kn-title=温熱の正常サル局所脳血流量に及ぼす影響 en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The effect of the tissue temperature on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was studied using anesthetized and respiratory-controlled normal monkeys. rCBF was sequentially measured by the inhalation hydrogen clearance method, during localized brain heating under generalized hypothermia or differential hypothermia (DH), and was compared to that obtained by whole-body heating and cooling (WB). For WB in 6 animals, the body temperature was controlled by immersion of the body in a hot or cold water bath. rCBF changed with a change in the tissue temperature in the range of 27.8 to 39.7℃,showing a constant 12.2% per degree Celsius change. For DH in 7 animals, the brain was locally heated by external 2450 MHz microwave irradiation, while the body was kept hypothermic (30.0-30.8℃) by immersion in a cold water bath. rCBF rate of 15.2% per degree Celsius change was obtained in response to change in the tissue temperature ranging from 29.4 to 40.7℃. The results indicated that rCBF changed proportionately with the change in the tissue temperature within a specific temperature range between shallow hypothermia and modest hyperthermia.rCBF changed at a higher rate after DH treatment than was possible by WB treatment. The response of the rCBF to changes in the tissue temperature of the normal brain may play a significant role in thermotherapy for brain tumors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatohToru en-aut-sei=Satoh en-aut-mei=Toru kn-aut-name=佐藤透 kn-aut-sei=佐藤 kn-aut-mei=透 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学脳神経外科学教室 en-keyword=brain tumor kn-keyword=brain tumor en-keyword=cerebral blood flow kn-keyword=cerebral blood flow en-keyword=differential hypothermia hyperthermia kn-keyword=differential hypothermia hyperthermia en-keyword=hypothermia kn-keyword=hypothermia END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=99 cd-vols= no-issue=5-6 article-no= start-page=569 end-page=575 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1987 dt-pub=19870630 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Surgery to improve hearing of a preschool child with profound bilateral deafness kn-title=高度混合性難聴を伴った奇形症例への聴力改善手術の試み en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Hearing loss in children under school age adversely effects speech and personality development. It is possible to improve conductive hearing loss by surgery, but difficult to improve combined hearing loss. The authors succeeded surgically improving the hearing of a 5 year-old boy suffering from speech retardation due to bilateral congenital combined hearing loss. The improvement in hearing aided speech training. He has graduated from schools for the deaf (primary, middle and senior high school). His I.Q. is 70 or less. The average hearing is in the speech range of 90 dB bilaterally, showing combined hearing loss by play audiometry. At the age of 1.5 years, he was suspected of having congenital aural atresia on the right side, congenital narrow ear canal on the left side and minor anomalies of the auricles bilaterally, including congenital aural fistulas. His mother and younger brother also suffer from bilateral congenital combined hearing loss. The tympanotomy on the left ear revealed severe anomalies, such as omega shaped ossicle composed of the malleus and incus joined to the posterior bony wall of external auditory canal and bony fixation of the stapes footplate. The bulky ossicle was mobilized by cutting the junction to the bony canal wall, and a small fenestra stapedectomy was performed. A tympanotomy on the right ear was also performed, but irregular development of the inner ear prevented the possibility of obtaining hearing improvement. The authors discussed the possibility and significance of surgery to improve hearing even in cases of profound combined hearing loss in preschool children. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InokuchiIkuo en-aut-sei=Inokuchi en-aut-mei=Ikuo kn-aut-name=井口郁雄 kn-aut-sei=井口 kn-aut-mei=郁雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaYu en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Yu kn-aut-name=増田游 kn-aut-sei=増田 kn-aut-mei=游 aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakatsukaMayu en-aut-sei=Takatsuka en-aut-mei=Mayu kn-aut-name=高塚ま由 kn-aut-sei=高塚 kn-aut-mei=ま由 aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OguraYoshio en-aut-sei=Ogura en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name=小倉義郎 kn-aut-sei=小倉 kn-aut-mei=義郎 aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoAkiko en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Akiko kn-aut-name=藤本明子 kn-aut-sei=藤本 kn-aut-mei=明子 aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大学医学部耳鼻咽喉科学教室 affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=丸亀市 en-keyword=外耳・中耳奇形 kn-keyword=外耳・中耳奇形 en-keyword=混合性難聴 kn-keyword=混合性難聴 en-keyword=聴力改善手術 kn-keyword=聴力改善手術 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=16 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1982 dt-pub=19820301 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Unified Approach to System Data Handling in CAD System for Designing Control Systems en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=System data handling in CAD sY8tem for designing control systems is discussed. A man-oriented data description method for a wide sense block diagram and its automatical transformation into the state space description is proposed. This work is a part of CAD system: CADPACS-T which has been under development for designing control systems in our laboratory. The proposal data description for a wide sense block diagram has the following features: 1) to correspond nicety to the block diagram and to be suitable for a man-oriented expression, 2) to express even a large scale system compactly by partitioning into some subsystems defined externally, 3) to be easy to add /or alter the input-output terminals, parameters or elements, and 4) to need not to assign the connection relationship explicitly owing to adopting the input-output terminal/line names. Moreover, system data handling in designing the PI controller for an actual boiler system expressed in a block diagram is taken up as an example. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KanedaMasahiro kn-aut-sei=Kaneda kn-aut-mei=Masahiro aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AkahoriIchiro kn-aut-sei=Akahori kn-aut-mei=Ichiro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=10 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1975 dt-pub=19750701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Undeformed Chip Shape in Angular Grinding en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes the basic boundary conditions in angular grinding, which is widely applied as a high efficiency machining and where a complicated-shaped workpiece is ground at the same time. The angular grinding is first classified into three basic types, an external, a surface and an internal angular grinding, depending on the axis angle between the wheel and the work axes. The undeformed chip shape, which is characterized by the interference angle, the maximum chip thicknes and the chip length, is then analyzed in each type of angular grinding. The effects of grinding conditions such as the axis angle, the speed ratio, the radius ratio and the successive cutting edge spacing upon the geometry of undeformed chip are discussed to make clear the relations between the basic boundary conditions and the working conditions in angular grinding. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakajimaToshikatsu kn-aut-sei=Nakajima kn-aut-mei=Toshikatsu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakagawaHeisaburo kn-aut-sei=Nakagawa kn-aut-mei=Heisaburo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=1 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1966 dt-pub=19660331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=X-ray Investigation on the Fatigue Damage of Metals Containing α- and β-Phases (On the Changes in Half-Value Breadth and ResidualStress of 6-4 Brass due to Stress Cycles) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In the field of mechanical engineering, the need for a simple but effective way of evaluating the fatigue strength and lifetime of structural materials is an important problem with which the design engineers have faced. Accordingly, a cunsiderable amount of investigations have been made in this field. However, the basic nature of fatigue damage and the conditions which lead to the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks are not sufficiently understood. Nor any satisfactory method of assessing the exact state of fatigue damage has yet been found. X-ray diffraction technique is not a new as the method of experimental study, but has often been adopted for direct and non-destructive observations of change in the local structures of crystalline materials at fundamental research. X-ray technique is one of the most powerful means to investigate the changes of microscopic- structure due to external forces, considering the fatigue phenomena occur on the surface of materials. Accordingly, one of the authors have studied the relations of half-value breadth of X-ray diffraction lines, residual stresses and hardness and number of cycles of fatigue stresses in detail for various sorts of engineering metallic materials. In the results of a number of experiments, it has been found that the variation in half-value breadth showed very regular relation with number of stress cycles, the authors have reported that the lifetime of materials in fatigue could be predicted. Consequently, it needs to investigate whether or not this predicting method is fitted for alloy containg α and β phase, moreover, it is interesting to make clear the fatigue mechanism of such materials which are present two phases having the different yield stress and type of crystal structure. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HondaKazuo kn-aut-sei=Honda kn-aut-mei=Kazuo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KonagaTetsuro kn-aut-sei=Konaga kn-aut-mei=Tetsuro aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=4 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=13 end-page=23 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1951 dt-pub=195103 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=STUDIES OF THE RADIO-ACTIVE SPRINGS (XXV-XXVII) kn-title=放射能泉に關する研究(XXV-XXVII) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OshimaYoshio en-aut-sei=Oshima en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name=大島良雄 kn-aut-sei=大島 kn-aut-mei=良雄 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=岡山大學放射能泉研究所 END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=65 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Characteristics of Errors in Open and Closed Trilateration Nets en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Distance measurements have been more and more easy and accurate to carry out, and it is expected that distance mesurements may provide rather accurate results than angle measurements. Under these circumstances, caracteritics of errors in typical trilateration nets are investigated. The nets investigated are as follows: From single row of chains to pranimetrically extended nets in figure, open and closed networks with respect to external constraint, and with and without as to internal constraint. Computations are performed by use of the method of condition equations, and behaviours of error propagation and errors of coordinates of stations in the nets are shown in case of typical nets. For example, effects for decrease in error by composing a double row of chains and by enforcing external constraints are explained. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoriChuji en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Chuji kn-aut-name=森忠次 kn-aut-sei=森 kn-aut-mei=忠次 aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MachidaKen-ichi kn-aut-sei=Machida kn-aut-mei=Ken-ichi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Sagae Technical High School END