start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=111 end-page=119 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2021 dt-pub=202101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Absolute X-ray energy measurement using a high-accuracy angle encoder en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper presents an absolute X-ray photon energy measurement method that uses a Bond diffractometer. The proposed system enables the prompt and rapid in situ measurement of photon energies over a wide energy range. The diffractometer uses a reference silicon single-crystal plate and a highly accurate angle encoder called SelfA. The performance of the system is evaluated by repeatedly measuring the energy of the first excited state of the potassium-40 nuclide. The excitation energy is determined as 29829.39?(6)?eV, and this is one order of magnitude more accurate than the previous measurement. The estimated uncertainty of the photon energy measurement was 0.7?p.p.m. as a standard deviation and the maximum observed deviation was 2?p.p.m. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaTakahiko en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Takahiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WatanabeTsukasa en-aut-sei=Watanabe en-aut-mei=Tsukasa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=BeeksKjeld en-aut-sei=Beeks en-aut-mei=Kjeld kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujimotoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Fujimoto en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiTakahiro en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Takahiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KainoHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Kaino en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=KitaoShinji en-aut-sei=Kitao en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoYuki en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Yuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaiKoichi en-aut-sei=Okai en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasaoNoboru en-aut-sei=Sasao en-aut-mei=Noboru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=SetoMakoto en-aut-sei=Seto en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=SchummThorsten en-aut-sei=Schumm en-aut-mei=Thorsten kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShigekawaYudai en-aut-sei=Shigekawa en-aut-mei=Yudai kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= en-aut-name=TamasakuKenji en-aut-sei=Tamasaku en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=14 ORCID= en-aut-name=UetakeSatoshi en-aut-sei=Uetake en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=15 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaguchiAtsushi en-aut-sei=Yamaguchi en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=16 ORCID= en-aut-name=YodaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Yoda en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=17 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimiAkihiro en-aut-sei=Yoshimi en-aut-mei=Akihiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=18 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimuraKoji en-aut-sei=Yoshimura en-aut-mei=Koji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=19 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Institute for Atomic and Subatomic Physics ? Atominstitut kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Institute for Atomic and Subatomic Physics ? Atominstitut kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=RIKEN kn-affil= affil-num=14 en-affil=RIKEN, SPring-8 Center kn-affil= affil-num=15 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=16 en-affil=RIKEN kn-affil= affil-num=17 en-affil=Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute kn-affil= affil-num=18 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=19 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=X-ray diffraction kn-keyword=X-ray diffraction en-keyword=energy calibration kn-keyword=energy calibration en-keyword=lattice constants kn-keyword=lattice constants en-keyword=rotary encoders kn-keyword=rotary encoders en-keyword=nuclear resonant scattering kn-keyword=nuclear resonant scattering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=913 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=72 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2019 dt-pub=20190101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Energy response of X-rays under high flux conditions using a thin APD for the energy range of 6?33 keV en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= This paper reports on the demonstration of a high-rate energy measurement technique using a thin depletion layer silicon avalanche photodiode (Si-APD). A dedicated amplitude-to-time converter is developed to realize simultaneous energy and timing measurement in a high rate condition. The energy response of the system is systematically studied by using monochromatic X-ray beam with an incident energy ranging from 6 to 33 keV. The obtained energy spectra contain clear peaks and tail distributions. The peak fraction monotonously decreases as the incident photon energy increases. This phenomenon can be explained by considering the distribution of the energy deposit in silicon, which is investigated by using a Monte Carlo simulation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MasudaT. en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiT. en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KainoH. en-aut-sei=Kaino en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoS. en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyamotoY. en-aut-sei=Miyamoto en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaiK. en-aut-sei=Okai en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkuboS. en-aut-sei=Okubo en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiR. en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=R. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=SasaoN. en-aut-sei=Sasao en-aut-mei=N. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuzukiK. en-aut-sei=Suzuki en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=10 ORCID= en-aut-name=UetakeS. en-aut-sei=Uetake en-aut-mei=S. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=11 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimiA. en-aut-sei=Yoshimi en-aut-mei=A. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=12 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimuraK. en-aut-sei=Yoshimura en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=13 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil=High Energy Accelerator Research Organization kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=7 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=8 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=9 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=10 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=11 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=12 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= affil-num=13 en-affil=Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University kn-affil= en-keyword=Avalanche photodiode kn-keyword=Avalanche photodiode en-keyword=X-ray kn-keyword=X-ray END