MDPIActa Medica Okayama2076-26071292024A Novel C-Terminal Truncated Bacteriocin Found by Comparison between Leuconostoc mesenteroides 406 and 213M0 Isolated from Mongolian Traditional Fermented Milk, Airag1781ENChihiroHasiqimugeGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityChihiroHanoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityKensukeArakawaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversitySakiYoshidaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityJunliangZhaoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityHidehiroTohAdvanced Genomics Center, National Institute of GeneticsHidetoshiMoritaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityTakuMiyamotoGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityBacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria are known to be useful tools for food biopreservation and fermentation control. Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides 406 and 213M0 isolated from different samples of Mongolian traditional fermented milk, airag, had been reported to produce listericidal bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances with similar but slightly different properties. In this study, the antibacterial properties and the related gene sequences of both strains were compared, and then their bacteriocins were purified and identified. Strain 406 was superior to strain 213M0 in cell growth and antibacterial activity against many strains. However, the activity of 213M0 was stronger than that of 406 against a few strains. DNA sequencing revealed two and three plasmids in 406 and 213M0, respectively, and each one of them harbored an almost identical mesentericin Y105-B105 gene cluster. Removal of these plasmids resulted in a complete loss of activity, indicating that the antibacterial activity of both strains was generated by bacteriocins encoded on the plasmids. Mesentericins Y105 and B105 were purified from both cultures, and another novel bacteriocin, named mesentericin M, was identified from the 213M0 culture only. Its structural gene was coded on a 213M0 plasmid and, surprisingly, its C-terminal three amino acid residues were post-translationally cleaved. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a C-terminal truncated bacteriocin. In conclusion, the novel bacteriocin should be mainly responsible for the difference in antibacterial properties between the two strains.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Nature Publishing GroupActa Medica Okayama2045-232292019Berberine improved experimental chronic colitis by regulating interferon-gamma- and IL-17A-producing lamina propria CD4(+) T cells through AMPK activation11934ENMasahiroTakaharaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAkinobuTakakiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesSakikoHiraokaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesTakuyaAdachDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYasuyukiShimomuraDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHiroshiMatsushitaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesNguyen Tien Thi ThuyDepartment of Animal Applied Microbiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Environmental and Life ScienceKazukoKoikeDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesAiriIkedaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShihoTakashimaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYasushiYamasakiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesToshihiroInokuchiDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHideakiKinugasaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesYusakuSugiharaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesKeitaHaradaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesShingoEikawaDepartment of Immunology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHidetoshiMoritaGraduate School of Environmental and Life ScienceHeiichiroUdonoDepartment of Immunology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesHiroyukiOkadaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences The herbal medicine berberine (BBR) has been recently shown to be an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) productive activator with various properties that induce anti-inflammatory responses. We investigated the effects of BBR on the mechanisms of mucosal CD4+T cell activation in vitro and on the inflammatory responses in T cell transfer mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We examined the favorable effects of BBR in vitro, using lamina propria (LP) CD4+ T cells in T cell transfer IBD models in which SCID mice had been injected with CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells. BBR suppressed the frequency of IFN-γ- and Il-17A-producing LP CD4+ T cells. This effect was found to be regulated by AMPK activation possibly induced by oxidative phosphorylation inhibition. We then examined the effects of BBR on the same IBD models in vivo. BBR-fed mice showed AMPK activation in the LPCD4+ T cells and an improvement of colitis. Our study newly showed that the BBR-induced AMPK activation of mucosal CD4+ T cells resulted in an improvement of IBD and underscored the importance of AMPK activity in colonic inflammation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.ElsevierActa Medica Okayama12019712912019Collagen adhesion gene is associated with blood stream infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus2231ENYasunoriIwataDivision of Infection Control, Kanazawa UniversityKenjiSatouFaculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kanazawa UniversityKengoFuruichiDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa Medical University School of MedicineIkukoYonedaDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa UniversityTakuhiroMatsumuraDepartment of Bacteriology, Kanazawa UniversityMasahiroYutaniGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityYukakoFujinagaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityAtsushiHaseFaculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kanazawa UniversityHidetoshiMoritaGraduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama UniversityToshikoOhtaUniversity of TsukubaYasukoSendaDivision of Infection Control, Kanazawa UniversityYukikoSakai-TakemoriDivision of Infection Control, Kanazawa UniversityTaizoWadaDivision of Infection Control, Kanazawa UniversityShinichiFujitaDivision of Infection Control, Kanazawa UniversityTaitoMiyakeDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa UniversityHarukaYasudaDepartment of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa UniversityNorihikoSakaiDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa UniversityShinjiKitajimaDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa UniversityTadashiToyamaDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa UniversityYasuyukiShinozakiDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa UniversityAkihiroSagaraDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa UniversityTaroMiyagawaDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa UniversityAkinoriHaraDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa UniversityMihoShimizuDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa UniversityYasutakaKamikawaDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa UniversityKazuhoIkeoLaboratory of DNA Data Analysis, National Institute of GeneticsShigeyukiShichinoDepartment of Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of TokyoSatoshiUehaDepartment of Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of TokyoTakuyaNakajimaDepartment of Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of TokyoKoujiMatsushimaDepartment of Molecular Preventive Medicine, University of TokyoShuichiKanekoepartment of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Kanazawa UniversityTakashiWadaDivision of Nephrology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa UniversityObjectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) causes hospital- and community-acquired infections. It is not clear whether genetic characteristics of the bacteria contribute to disease pathogenesis in MRSA infection. We hypothesized that whole genome analysis of MRSA strains could reveal the key gene loci and/or the gene mutations that affect clinical manifestations of MRSA infection.<br/>
Methods: Whole genome sequences (WGS) of MRSA of 154 strains were analyzed with respect to clinical manifestations and data. Further, we evaluated the association between clinical manifestations in MRSA infection and genomic information.<br/>
Results: WGS revealed gene mutations that correlated with clinical manifestations of MRSA infection. Moreover, 12 mutations were selected as important mutations by Random Forest analysis. Cluster analysis revealed strains associated with a high frequency of bloodstream infection (BSI). Twenty seven out of 34 strains in this cluster caused BSI. These strains were all positive for collagen adhesion gene (cna) and have mutations in the locus, those were selected by Random Forest analysis. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that these gene mutations were the predictor for the incidence of BSI. Interestingly, mutant CNA protein showed lower attachment ability to collagen, suggesting that the mutant protein might contribute to the dissemination of bacteria.<br/>
Conclusions: These findings suggest that the bacterial genotype affects the clinical characteristics of MRSA infection. (c) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山実験動物研究会Acta Medica Okayama332017腸内フローラ研究におけるノトバイオ―ト技術の貢献と進展1114ENHidetoshiMoritaGraduate School of Environmental and Life ScienceNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.