start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=139
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202110
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Reduction of macrophages by carrageenan decreases oocyst output and modifies local immune reaction in chick cecum with Eimeria tenella
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=This study aimed to evaluate the disease severity and local immune responses in macrophage-depleted chicks with Eimeria tenella. Macrophages were reduced by intraperitoneal injection of a carrageenan solution at 12, 13, and 16 days old, whereas the control group received intraperitoneal phosphate-buffered saline. Both chick groups were orally inoculated with E. tenella sporulated oocysts at 14 days old. Feces were collected daily, which were then quantified for oocysts. The chicks were sacrificed on day 5, and the ceca were collected for histopathological observation. The gene expression levels were measured using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Macrophage-depleted chicks have been observed to shed a significantly reduced number of fecal oocysts compared to the infected control group. The parasite burden score in cecum specimens of macrophage-depleted chicks was significantly lower than those of infected control on day 5 after infection. Furthermore, macrophage reduction yielded significantly lower cecum histopathological scores and CD4 expression than those of the infected control group. The expression of interleukin (IL)-18, IL-22, interferon-γ, and inducible nitric oxide synthase was also noted to be significantly upregulated in both infected control and macrophage-depleted chicks compared to uninfected chicks. IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, and perforin expressions were also higher with macrophage depletion than in both control groups. These results suggest that macrophages serve as an invasive gate or a transporting vehicle to the site of first merogony. Furthermore, mononuclear phagocytes may play an important role in local immune responses, thus contributing to parasite development during early E. tenella infection.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=HoDung Thi
en-aut-sei=Ho
en-aut-mei=Dung Thi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=PhamHung Hoang Son
en-aut-sei=Pham
en-aut-mei=Hung Hoang Son
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=AotaWataru
en-aut-sei=Aota
en-aut-mei=Wataru
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MatsubayashiMakoto
en-aut-sei=Matsubayashi
en-aut-mei=Makoto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
en-aut-name=TsujiNaotoshi
en-aut-sei=Tsuji
en-aut-mei=Naotoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=
en-aut-name=HatabuToshimitsu
en-aut-sei=Hatabu
en-aut-mei=Toshimitsu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University
kn-affil=
affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine
kn-affil=
affil-num=6
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Eimeria tenella
kn-keyword=Eimeria tenella
en-keyword=Local immune response
kn-keyword=Local immune response
en-keyword=Macrophage
kn-keyword=Macrophage
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=240
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=110321
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2021
dt-pub=202110
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Relationship between Eimeria tenella associated-early clinical signs and molecular changes in the intestinal barrier function
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The major clinical signs of coccidiosis in chickens due to Eimeria parasite are diarrhea and bloody feces. Previous studies showed that the impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier and the elevation of the intestinal permeability are causes of clinical signs associated with coccidia challenges. Nevertheless, the information about molecular changes of the epithelial barrier at the early stage of the infection with a specific Eimeria species has not been mentioned. Hence, this study aims to elucidate the temporal relationships between epithelial barrier conditions and clinical signs in chickens infected with Eimeria tenella over the time from the earliest stages of infection.
White Leghorn chickens were inoculated with 1 × 104 oocysts of E. tenella. Thereafter the chickens were monitored for their daily clinical signs through observation, and between 5 dpi to 10 dpi, feces were collected for oocysts counting. Chickens were then administrated with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-d) for gastrointestinal permeability test and tissues were collected each day for histopathological observation and total RNA extraction. Finally, the mRNA expression levels of the tight and adherens junction genes and cytokine genes were evaluated using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
In this study, clinical signs such as diarrhea and bloody feces were observed concurrently from 3 to 8 dpi. Histopathology changes such as severe inflammation, hemorrhage, and epithelial desquamation were identified in the cecum specimens. The FITC-d level in the E. tenella-infected group was significantly higher than in the control group. In the infected group, the expression of claudin-2 gene was also upregulated, whereas the expressions of claudin-3 and E-cadherin genes were decreased as compared to the control group. These results implied that clinical signs of avian coccidiosis were associated with the intestinal barrier disruption via changes in expression levels of claudins and E-cadherin at the intestine.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=PhamHung Hoang Son
en-aut-sei=Pham
en-aut-mei=Hung Hoang Son
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MatsubayashiMakoto
en-aut-sei=Matsubayashi
en-aut-mei=Makoto
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=TsujiNaotoshi
en-aut-sei=Tsuji
en-aut-mei=Naotoshi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=HatabuToshimitsu
en-aut-sei=Hatabu
en-aut-mei=Toshimitsu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Science
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Adherens junction
kn-keyword=Adherens junction
en-keyword=Bloody feces
kn-keyword=Bloody feces
en-keyword=Diarrhea
kn-keyword=Diarrhea
en-keyword=Eimeria tenella
kn-keyword=Eimeria tenella
en-keyword=Epithelial barrier
kn-keyword=Epithelial barrier
en-keyword=Tight junction
kn-keyword=Tight junction
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=8
cd-vols=
no-issue=22
article-no=
start-page=e14640
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20201123
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Alteration of chemokine production in bovine endometrial epithelial and stromal cells under heat stress conditions
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=After parturition, cows frequently develop uterine bacterial infections, resulting in the onset of endometritis. To eliminate the bacteria, bovine endometrial cells secrete chemokines, such as IL-6 and MCP1, which attract macrophages (M Phi s) to the subepithelial stroma. These attracted M Phi s are not only involved in bacterial elimination but also the orchestration of inflammation and tissue repair. These immune responses aid in the recovery from endometritis; however, the recovery from endometritis takes longer in summer than in any other season. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that heat stress (HS) affects the chemokine production in endometrial cells. To confirm this hypothesis, we compared IL-6 and MCP1 production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in bovine endometrial epithelial and stromal cells under normal (38.5 degrees C) and HS conditions (40.5 degrees C). In the endometrial epithelial cells, IL-6 production stimulated by LPS was significantly (p < .05) suppressed under HS conditions. MCP1 production in endometrial epithelial cells was not detected under both the control and HS conditions regardless of the presence of LPS. Moreover, LPS significantly (p < .05) stimulated IL-6 and MCP1 production in endometrial stromal cells. Moreover, HS significantly (p < .05) enhanced their production compared to that under the control conditions. In addition, HS did not affect the migration ability of M Phi s; however, the supernatant of the endometrial stromal cells cultured under the HS condition significantly (p < .05) attracted the M Phi s when compared to the control condition. These results suggest that HS disrupts chemokine production in two types of endometrial cells and alters the distribution of M Phi s in the endometrium during the summer.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=SakaiShunsuke
en-aut-sei=Sakai
en-aut-mei=Shunsuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=HatabuToshimitsu
en-aut-sei=Hatabu
en-aut-mei=Toshimitsu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=YamamotoYuki
en-aut-sei=Yamamoto
en-aut-mei=Yuki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KimuraKoji
en-aut-sei=Kimura
en-aut-mei=Koji
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=chemokine
kn-keyword=chemokine
en-keyword=cow
kn-keyword=cow
en-keyword=endometrial cells
kn-keyword=endometrial cells
en-keyword=endometritis
kn-keyword=endometritis
en-keyword=heat stress
kn-keyword=heat stress
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=39
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=117
end-page=122
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200227
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Oral administration of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus strain L-55 modulates the immunological parameters of the laying hen inoculated with a Newcastle disease virus-based live attenuated vaccine
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Probiotic supplements containing living bacteria have attracted interest as a potential source of health benefits for humans and livestock. The aim of this study was to determine whether administration of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain L-55 (LaL-55) enhances the immune response among chicks exposed to a Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-based live attenuated vaccine. Oral administration of LaL-55 augmented the elevation in the total numbers of leukocytes and lymphocytes following inoculation with the NDV-based live attenuated vaccine. Monocyte counts increased after LaL-55 administration independent of inoculation with the NDV vaccine. Among chicks that were administered LaL-55, there was a dose-dependent increase in the NK cell activity measured by a 51Cr release assay at 2 weeks after the secondary NDV vaccine inoculation. Two weeks after the secondary inoculation with the NDV vaccine, interferon (IFN)-γ-mRNA expression was significantly elevated in mononuclear splenocytes from chicks that were administered LaL-55. Meanwhile, LaL-55 administration did not change the mRNA levels of IFN-α, IFN-β, and interleukin-1β. These results may suggest that coadministration of LaL-55 with an NDV vaccine augments the immune response against the virus. Therefore, LaL-55 may help protect against viral diseases in poultry.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=HoDung Thi
en-aut-sei=Ho
en-aut-mei=Dung Thi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=HatabuToshimitsu
en-aut-sei=Hatabu
en-aut-mei=Toshimitsu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=SunadaYosuke
en-aut-sei=Sunada
en-aut-mei=Yosuke
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KondoYasuhiro
en-aut-sei=Kondo
en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=Research & Development, Ohayo Dairy Products Co., Ltd.
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=Lactobacillus acidophilus L-55
kn-keyword=Lactobacillus acidophilus L-55
en-keyword=chicken
kn-keyword=chicken
en-keyword=Newcastle disease vaccine
kn-keyword=Newcastle disease vaccine
en-keyword=immunomodulatory
kn-keyword=immunomodulatory
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=43
cd-vols=
no-issue=3
article-no=
start-page=404
end-page=408
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2020
dt-pub=20200301
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Daily Meal Supplemented with Astaxanthin-Enriched Yolk Has Mitigative Effects against Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of egg yolk powder enriched with astaxanthin (ASX-E) on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and to verify the benefits of ASX-E as a functional food. To investigate the antihypertensive effect, SHR were fed with an ASX-E mixed diet before hypertension development. Blood pressures were determined periodically during the study by the tail-cuff method. At the end of the study, animals were euthanized, and their thoracic aortas were collected to determine vascular conductance. The thoracic aorta tension was measured with a force displacement transducer. Concentration-dependent response relationships were determined by cumulative addition of 10−9–10−4 M Carbamoylcholine (Cch). Blood pressures of the SHR in the ASX-E mixed diet group were ASX-dose-dependently lower than that of those in the control group. In SHR fed with an ASX-E mixed diet, Cch induced vasorelaxation in the thoracic aorta with endothelium lining but not without endothelium. However, the antihypertensive effect of ASX-E was not observed on blood pressures in SHR that were fed with ASX-E only after the development of hypertension. Results suggest that ASX-E protects endothelial function and thereby prevents the development of hypertension. Hence, the results of our research indicate that daily consumption of ASX-E has a potential benefit on human health.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=HatabuToshimitsu
en-aut-sei=Hatabu
en-aut-mei=Toshimitsu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=HaradaTakumi
en-aut-sei=Harada
en-aut-mei=Takumi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
en-aut-name=TakaoYuri
en-aut-sei=Takao
en-aut-mei=Yuri
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=
en-aut-name=DungHo Thi
en-aut-sei=Dung
en-aut-mei=Ho Thi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=
en-aut-name=YamasatoAkihiro
en-aut-sei=Yamasato
en-aut-mei=Akihiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=
en-aut-name=HoriuchiTatsuya
en-aut-sei=Horiuchi
en-aut-mei=Tatsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=
en-aut-name=MochizukiAtsuya
en-aut-sei=Mochizuki
en-aut-mei=Atsuya
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=
en-aut-name=KondoYasuhiro
en-aut-sei=Kondo
en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=3
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=4
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=5
en-affil=K.I Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
kn-affil=
affil-num=6
en-affil=K.I Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
kn-affil=
affil-num=7
en-affil=K.I Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
kn-affil=
affil-num=8
en-affil=Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=astaxanthin-enriched egg yolk
kn-keyword=astaxanthin-enriched egg yolk
en-keyword=hypertension
kn-keyword=hypertension
en-keyword=spontaneously hypertensive rat
kn-keyword=spontaneously hypertensive rat
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=83
cd-vols=
no-issue=5
article-no=
start-page=914
end-page=922
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2019
dt-pub=20190217
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Mulberry juice freeze-dried powder attenuates the disease severity by the maintaining of colon mucosa in mice with DSS-induced acute colitis
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract= This study aimed to evaluate the microbial compositions and gene expression related to inflammation in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis and the effect of mulberry supplementation. Male BALB/c mice received a diet supplemented with mulberry juice freeze-dried powder (MFP) or not for 3 weeks. After 3 weeks, the mice received water containing 5% (w/v) DSS or not for 1 week. The disease activity index score in mice fed MFP was significantly decreased. A significant decrease in Bifidobacterium spp. and the Clostridium perfringens subgroup was observed in mice not fed MFP. The number of goblet cell and NLRP6 expression were observed in mice fed a diet supplemented with MFP compared with mice not fed MFP. These results may indicate that mulberry mitigates DSS-induced acute colitis by a changing the gut microbial flora and by improving mucosal conditions.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=WangYang
en-aut-sei=Wang
en-aut-mei=Yang
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
en-aut-name=HatabuToshimitsu
en-aut-sei=Hatabu
en-aut-mei=Toshimitsu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University
kn-affil=
affil-num=2
en-affil=Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science , Okayama University
kn-affil=
en-keyword=DSS-induced acute colitis
kn-keyword=DSS-induced acute colitis
en-keyword=Mulberry
kn-keyword=Mulberry
en-keyword=NLRP6 inflammasome
kn-keyword=NLRP6 inflammasome
en-keyword=goblet cell
kn-keyword=goblet cell
en-keyword=microbiota
kn-keyword=microbiota
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=34
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=17
end-page=20
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2018
dt-pub=201804
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Avian coccidiosis : Toward the understanding of pathophysiology in Eimeria tenella infection
kn-title=鶏コクシジウム症：アイメリア・テネラ感染メカニズムの解明に向けて
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Avian coccidiosis is most important entero-parasitic disease in the world. Eimeria parasite is causative agent of this disease. In Japan, this parasite species were widely spread and the positive rates are about 50 in layer and 70 % in broiler. The symptoms of coccidiosis are diarrhea, bloody excretion, weight loss, and die. Eimeria tenella is the most pathogenic protozoa. The sporozoites, infection form of this parasite, entry to epithelial cells around the crypt of cecum in early infection. After infection, parasites proliferate in epithelial cells, and form to sexual stage finally. However, we have less information about the pathophysiology, especially invasive mechanisms and infection route, by E. tenella infection. We have focused to analyze the invasive mechanism and route of this parasite because this phenomenon is first event to cause the pathophysiological changes in the infection. I would like to inform about Eimeria parasite and introduce our research in this paper.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=HatabuToshimitsu
en-aut-sei=Hatabu
en-aut-mei=Toshimitsu
kn-aut-name=畑生俊光
kn-aut-sei=畑生
kn-aut-mei=俊光
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=Graduate school of Environmental and Life Sciences, Okayama University
kn-affil=岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科
END
start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=102
cd-vols=
no-issue=
article-no=
start-page=63
end-page=68
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2013
dt-pub=20130201
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=Plasmodium Falciparum-infected Erythrocytes Adhere to Class A Scavenger Receptor, SR-A
kn-title=マラリア重症化関連新規宿主因子としてのScavenger receptor Aの同定
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=Severe falciparum malaria such as cerebral malaria and severe anemia is leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells (pRBC) adhere to the endothelial cells via receptors expressed on the surface of the endothelial cells, and sequester in the microvasculature of several organs. Severe anemia, which may be due to a number of factors including rupture of the pRBC and phagocytosis of pRBC, is another cause of death. However, the molecular mechanism underlying both the cytoadherence and erythrophagocytosis related with severe malaria is not completely understood. Here, we report that the pRBC bind to the class A scavenger receptor, scavenger receptor A (SR-A), which is expressed on the surface of the activated phagocytes.
First, we confirmed mRNA expression of scavenger receptors in the various tissues of P. berghei ANKA-infected mice. The expression of SR-A mRNA in all tissues was enhanced for 7 days postinfection. We also confirmed mRNA expression of SR-A in the human macrophage cell line, THP-1 cells, cultivated with pRBC. SR-A mRNA expression in THP-1 cells with pRBCs was observed after 24 hr cultivation, but not RBCs. Then, to identify cytoadherence of pRBCs to SR-A, human SR-A cDNA was transfected to CHO cells (CHO-SR-A cells). pRBC adhered to the CHO-SR-A cells, but not to the CHO-mock cells. Interestingly, the cytoadherence of both mature stage and ring form pRBCs to the CHO-SR-A cells was observed. Anti-SR-A antibody, but not Anexin V, efficiently blocked the cytoadherence of the pRBC to the CHO-SR-A cells.
These results may suggest that SR-A acts as a host factor related with cytoadherence of the pRBC, which contributes to our present understanding of the pathology of severe falciparum malaria.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=
en-aut-name=HatabuToshimitsu
en-aut-sei=Hatabu
en-aut-mei=Toshimitsu
kn-aut-name=畑生俊光
kn-aut-sei=畑生
kn-aut-mei=俊光
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=
affil-num=1
en-affil=
kn-affil=岡山大学
en-keyword=severe malaria
kn-keyword=severe malaria
en-keyword=scavenger receptor
kn-keyword=scavenger receptor
en-keyword=cytoadherence
kn-keyword=cytoadherence
en-keyword=host-parasite relationship
kn-keyword=host-parasite relationship
END