岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465732026地域間での情報交流に関するネットワーク分析：高梁川流域圏での調査による1140ENRyoheiNakamuraNatsumiYokota10.18926/OER/70262 本稿では，岡山県の「高梁川流域連携中枢都市圏」で2014年から開催されている「高梁川流域経済成長戦略会議」における参加主体間の情報交流についてのネットワーク分析を行った。高梁川流域連携中枢都市圏（高梁川流域圏）とは，岡山県高梁川周辺に位置する現在の新見市，高梁市，総社市，早島町，倉敷市，矢掛町，井原市，浅口市，里庄町，笠岡市の10自治体が参加している連携中枢都市圏である。高梁川流域圏におけるネットワーク分析に際しては，同圏域内で展開されている事業を８つに分類し，それぞれの事業に関する参加主体間の情報交流についてアンケート調査を行った。ネットワーク指標については事業ごとに次数中心性と媒介中心性の中心性指標を，また事業別に密度，推移性，相互性を算出した。事業別にみると，観光事業についての情報交流が最も密なネットワーク構造をしており，ネットワークの視点では観光事業が高梁川流域圏内で最も勢力的に行われている事業といえる。また全事業において特定の行政主体や商工会議所をはじめとする地域経済団体等の中心性指標が全体的に大きな値をとっており，ネットワークにおいて情報交流のハブや情報の集中・分散主体として機能していることが明らかになった。分析結果を踏まえ，ネットワークの視点から高梁川流域圏の今度の地域振興について２点提言した。１つは事業によって情報交流のハブや情報の集中・分散主体を主体間で分担することによって，すべての事業で密なネットワークを築くことを目指すことである。もう１つは高梁川流域圏の情報交流ネットワークに全く参加していない主体をなくすことで，全体的に密なネットワークを目指すことである。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465712025地域産業連関表における経済波及効果のNew Approach3550ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/69003 本稿では，まず経済波及効果の考え方について，産業連関表を用いたシミュレーションの結果が，しばしば過大評価になっていることを述べる。その理由として，経済波及効果をもたらす前提条件の考え方にしばしば誤解があることを指摘する。域内の居住者の消費はマネーの移転であり，真の経済効果ではない。波及効果とは，本来，所得が増えた結果の追加消費であって，所得が増えない状況では，代替消費や消費の先取りに過ぎないのである。また，一般にいう経済効果とは，売上高の積み上げであって同じマネーが何でも加算されているものであり，付加価値効果すなわち所得効果とは異なる。付加価値効果は，当初の域外から入ってきたマネー以上にはならない。こういった解釈の誤謬をもたらしているのは，大学での産業連関分析の教育が十分でないことも原因の1つであるが，シンクタンクや公的機関などで提供されている波及効果の計算ツールにも問題がある。そこで本稿では，これまで筆者が提唱してきた波及効果プロセスを見える化するモデルを更に精緻化し，イベントなど外生的インパクトが発生した後の事後的な産業連関表を構築する流れに関して実例を用いて説明を行う。特に自給率の変化の効果については，これまでの競争移入型連関表では効果が過大傾向になる問題点を解消するべく，「部分非競争移入型」の投入構造を提案し，新たな分析方法を提案する。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465632025地方創生第１期における製造事業所の存続，発生，消失1533ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/68444 地方に位置する多くの自治体においては，従来からある事業所の活性化や新規事業所の誕生に加えて，製造工場の誘致は地域振興にとっていまも重要な政策となっている。今日，高度経済成長期における重厚長大型の産業の誘致とは異なり，地域優位性をできるだけ活用した企業誘致の傾向になっている。雇用創出効果は昔に比べて小さくなっているとはいえ，製造業の多くにおいて，地域の基盤産業としての位置づけは残っている。第1期の地方創生の期間で，どのような地域において，どのような製造工場が消失，撤退や出現，存続しているのかを識別し，それらの要因を分析する。<br>
2014年と2019年の事業所の比較において，付加価値生産性の平均と分布を見ると2014年，2019年ともに存在する事業所の労働生産性が最も高い。次いで高いのが2019年に存在する事業所で，最も低かったのが2014年には存在したが2019年には存在していない事業所であった。またロジット分析の結果から，生産性が高く事業所規模が大きいと消滅しない傾向があり，また都市化の程度が高いと消滅傾向にあることが推定された。他方，発生した製造事業所について，産業別に同業種集積と人口規模で測った都市集積を説明変数とした市町村単位の回帰分析からは正の効果が示された。No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465622024エージェントベースモデルによる自己組織化的集積の再現：特別区におけるICT 事業所4171ENRyoheiNakamuraTakeshiNagamuneSyuseiHayashi10.18926/OER/67707 As a preliminary step to conducting a self-organizing simulation of the agglomeration and dispersion of the information and communications industry, we quantify the spatial agglomeration of the information and communications industry in Japan’s major cities. Using the town and district data from the Economic Census for Economic Activity, we attempted a spatial analysis of the information and communications industry in the Tokyo Special Wards as well as in Sapporo, Sendai, Hiroshima, and Fukuoka, which have regional central functions. As a result of detecting spatial autocorrelation in small areas within each city, hotspots indicating the agglomeration of information and communications industry offi ces were found in the city center of each city. At the same time, we were able to confi rm the impact of agglomeration economies, which are the premise of the self-organizing model, and confi rmed that the information and communications industry is an industry suitable for simulation of the self-organizing model.
Krugman（1996）was the fi rst to model the self-organizing model in cities and clarifi ed the emergence principle of peripheral cities, but this was limited to numerical simulations. Later, Kumar et al.（2007）used actual data to show that Krugman’s self-organizing model could be applied to predict corporate agglomeration and dispersion. In this paper, we use an agent-based model to examine whether a self-organizing model is also effective in reproducing and predicting the concentration and dispersion of the information and communications industry in Japanese cities.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465612024地方創生第１期における企業の参入と撤退：回転ドア型経済か創造的破壊か128ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/67485 The growth of the regional economy needs an economic metabolism in which high-productivity firms newly enter the market, while low-productivity firms exit the market, resulting in a shift in labor and other production factors. A“ revolving door” economy is an economy in which firms that enter the market have a short existence period, withdraw and enter the market repeatedly, and new entrants do not contribute to productivity improvement. This means that if new entrants are not sufficiently innovative compared to incumbents, even if the rate of entry into business rises, they will simply be replaced by firms whose productivity level has not changed much, and this will not lead to job creation or improving productivity. A contrasting concept is the replacement of firms by Schumpeter's “creative destruction.” The high level of technology and productivity of new firms entering the market drives inefficient incumbents out of the market. Looking at the statistics, there is a tendency for both large cities to have higher business entry and exit rates, but the difference between the entry and exit rates is greater in metropolitan areas. Although it depends on the regional characteristics, location competitiveness is generally higher in metropolitan areas, and there is a tendency for the turnover rate to be high or the survival period to be short. Before and after regional revitalization, we will examine whether or not there is a departure from the revolving door economy by industry and region, using economic census and TSR （Tokyo Shoko Research） data.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465532024経済基盤モデルによる知識集約型産業・創造的職業に対する地域乗数効果の分析：広域連携の便益124ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/66733 The traditional economic base model in the field of regional science contributes to identifying regional income producing industries and labor absorption. The economic base model has some conditional assumptions while it is quite tractable.<br>
Recently, papers by Moretti and others show significant regional multiplier effects of innovative jobs. They refocused on the traditional economic base model. However, their approach has several deficiencies concerning the identification of basic/non-basic industries and ambiguity of multiplier generating mechanisms.<br>
This paper focuses on regional specialization of knowledge intensive industries and creative jobs which are the driving forces of regional development in the framework of the economic base model. The estimations of regional economic multiplier in terms of employment are carried out using two-digit employment and three-digit job classification data at local municipality level with two-period data. Using these data, I explain regional differences by degree of specialization of knowledge intensive industries and creative workers. By doing this, I propose contemporary regional economic policy. Furthermore, by comparing multiplier effects at local municipality level and regional employment area level, benefits of municipal consolidation are shown.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465512023都市・地域における新たな集積指標3554ENRyoheiNakamuraTakeshiNagamune10.18926/OER/65684 The indicators of agglomeration in urban and regional economies can be broadly classified into specialization and diversity, each of which is called the Marshal-Arrow-Romer type and the Jacobs type as external economic effects. There is also a Porter-type competitive environment indicator that advocates cluster-like agglomeration. The（modified）specialization coefficient, the Hirshman-Halfindahl index, and the entropy index are examples of indices that directly measure these factors. This paper reviews and evaluates indicators related to urban and regional economic agglomeration developed by Nakamura（2008）and Nakamura（2009）, as well as indicators directly and indirectly related to agglomeration that have been developed since then. rice field.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama2433-41465212020調査票情報を活用した市町村産業連関表の構築：New Approach1127EN10.18926/OER/60003 This paper proposes a new approach to construct IO Table called“ Reduced Form Approach.” There are a survey method and a non-survey method for constructing the regional input-output table. This paper proposes a hybrid approach that combines a survey method in terms of utilizing individual information and a survey method in the sense of conducting a questionnaire survey of business establishments.
The most difficult part of constructing a regional input-output table is estimating the value of exports and imports. Furthermore, in an open regional economy, exports and imports have a large weight. In many of the conventional methods, the import/export rate was taken from the input-output table of the prefecture, and the import/export value was extracted as the residual of the expenditure balance. In this paper, we propose a “Reduced Form Approach” that reproduces the input-output table from the production induced value. This not only overcomes the difficulty of balance adjustment, but also realizes the visibility of simulation analysis using an input-output table.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30694732016岡山県新見市における地域産業構造の分析2945ENRyoheiNakamuraYoshiakiKobayashi10.18926/OER/54158No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30694522013地方公共団体の文化政策：創造都市岡山市の可能性124ENYukieTomonobuRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/51691No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30694512013木質バイオマスの地域循環による経済活性化効果 − 岡山県真庭市のバイオマスエネルギー利用 −1931ENRyoheiNakamuraHirokiShibata10.18926/OER/50369No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30694432012地域産業集積と自地域市場効果：方法論による比較122ENAtsushiWatanabeRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/49028 The region with a large market tends to increase the number of firms. We can often see the phenomenon of expanding economic disparities between regions. Krugman described this phenomenon using theoretical model and also he defined the concept of home market effect. The home market effect means that the production activity is done over the ratio of market (demand volume) in the region itself. However, by changing the assumption such as Davis (1998), the home market effect does not exist in the theoretical model. Although various empirical studies have been tested, the home market effect has not been necessarily confirmed. In this paper, we analyze the home market effect using the three specifications. Two specifications out of the three specifications are derived from the new economic geography, the rest specification out of the three specifications is derived from international trade. In doing so, it is possible to test the home market effect from various angles, and consider the validity of home market effect. Looking at the overall empirical results, the home market effect is confirmed in a number of manufacturing industries. Also, the home market effect is always confirmed in the six heavy and chemical industries such as chemical industry.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30694322011Productive Efficiency Differences among Chinese Cities : A Stochastic Frontier Approach2944ENChaoXuanRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/47076This paper treats the empirical issue related to the urban productive efficiency. First, we construct a model incorporating urban inefficiency term and estimate a stochastic frontier production function at urban level. Next, we compare technical efficiency across Chinese cities during 1997-2007 by using estimated results. The urban technical inefficiency effect is found to be significant in many cities. Then, in the way of constructing the specification of the technical inefficiency in terms of various capital explanatory variables, we analyze the determinants of technical inefficiency of individual cities, and explore how the urban technical inefficiency is influenced by capital density, FDI, the domestic investment, while the impact of technical inefficiency on capital variables is investigated.
From the empirical results, FDI is able to reduce effectively the technical inefficiency. Capital intensive industry would be the engine of economic growth in the future.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30694322011岡山県の市町村合併効果に関する研究127ENRyoheiNakamuraTakashiWatanabe10.18926/OER/47075This study concerns about before and after the merger of municipalities focusing on the case of Okayama Prefecture. By conducting questionnaire survey on municipalities, we examine the change of public service, tax burden, and resident consciousness. By expanding municipal areas it is becoming difficult to pick up needs of residents while some efficiency is attained by scale effects. Thus in order to overcome financial deficit and maintain public services it is quite important for all local municipalities to find out new basic industry for obtaining export money.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30692421992都市の人ロ成長パターンの類型化97156ENRyōheiNakamura10.18926/OER/41810No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30692541994民間マンションのヘドニック費用関数の推定265280ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/41787No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30692531994オフィス・ビル賃貸料のヘドニック分析239256ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/41760No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-3069263-41995住宅価格指数と市場効率性225248ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/41724No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30693041999本四3橋時代における中四国の都市拠点性（下）333388ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/41575More than ten year ago Seto-Ohashi was constructed, last April Akashi-Kaikyo-Ohashi was completed, and this May Onomichi-Imabari route is going to be provided as the third road connecting Honsyu with Shikoku area. At the end of this century, as a result, Seto-uchi area has three main routes which would improve interregional mobility. Progress of traffic infrastructure could change city's economic position. On one side, some cities may growth by improving interregional accessibility. On the other side, however, some cities may lose their economic status due to so called 'straw effects'. This paper consists of two parts; the former part is focussed on recent regional economic changes and statistical analyses on city position of importance, the latter part is empirical investigation based on the results of questionnaire about city positions of importance. Regional recent changes mean office location and relocation as a firms' regional evaluations. In statistical analyses I propose a new indicator ofcity's relative economic importance. Questionnaire has been conducted for branch offices of major four cities in Seto-uchi area. Through questionnaire several evaluations of individual cities by corporate firms are clarified.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30693031999本四3橋時代における中四国の都市拠点性（上）217246ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/41554More than ten year ago Seto-Ohashi was constructed, last April Akashi-Kaikyo-Ohashi was completed, and this May Onomichi-Imabari route is going to be provided as the third road connecting Honsyu with Shikoku area. At the end of this century, as a result, Seto-uchi area has three main routes which would improve interregional mobility. Progress of traffic infrastructure could change city's economic position. On one side, some cities may grow by improving interregional accessibility. On the other side, however, some cities may lose their economic status due to so called 'straw effects'. This paper consists of two parts; the former part is focussed on recent regional economic changes and statistical analyses on city position of importance, the latter part is empirical investigation based on the results of questionnaire about city positions of importance. Regional recent changes mean office location and relocation as a firms' regional evaluations. In statistical analyses I propose a new indicator of city's relative economic importance. Questionnaire has been conducted for branch offices of major four cities in Seto-uchi area. Through questionnaire several evaluations of individual cities by corporate firms are clarified.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30693131999公営住宅における居住者便益の分析3564ENRyoheiNakamuraManabuMorita10.18926/OER/41498In this paper we estimate the tenant benefits in public rental housing supplied by local government on the basis of the data for private housing as well as public housing. In the estimation we specify a Cobb-Douglas utility function defined by housing attributes and other goods, and present a new estimation form of Hicks equivalent variation taking into account implicit marginal prices of public housing. Our work recognizes that the unit cost of housing is different between private and public housings, which is not identified by previous studies. The proposed procedure in this paper requires the estimation of implicit marginal prices of public housing attributes and private housing attributes. We further analyze the relationship between benefits of public housing and subsidy for rent, defined as the difference between the
market value of public housing and rent of public housing, and examine the distribution ofthe benefits by household characteristics. This study finds that the calculated benefits from the public housing were 10.0 percent of monthly income, and evidence that benefits are related to income. Our results provide the effectiveness of public rental housing for the lower income households.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30693232000居住者アンケートに基づく吉備高原都市の評価151ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/41471'Kibi Plateau City' had been planned in 1974 and its construction started in 1981. Construction plan is divided into two intervals. The former interval of the construction plan was completed in 1993. The latter interval, however, has been freezing due to the local financial crisis of
Okayama Prefecture. This paper first reviews planning process of 'Kibi Plateau City' and picks up current problems by statistical data and articles of newspapers. Secondly, questionnaire is made up and implemented to residents. Finally, according to the results of the questionnaire an evaluation of 'Kibi Plateau City' is proposed.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30693312001都市空間における人口密度分布の実証研究：展望1534ENRyoheiNakamuraJieLi10.18926/OER/40609Since the seminal work by Clark (1951), a number of researches on urban population density have been appeared in several journals. In 1989 McDonald conducted a survey on the econometric study of urban population density functions. In the review he recommended the estimation technique pointed by Frankena (1978) and the use of Box−Cox transformation for choosing an optimal functional form. He also addressed to the model and estimation of beyond the distance−density functions such as varying parameter model. This paper begins in the second section with a choice of functional form. Sections 3 and 4 review the
estimation model of suburbanization and the identification of the CBD including multi−center case. Recently more complicated population distributions are found in the real urban areas. Thus, more sophisticated models are needed to explain the real population distribution. In section 5 three estimation models ; cubic−spline,
switching regression, and varying coefficient models are reviewed and in the varying coefficient model we propose theoretical foundations for the estimation of varying parameter model. In section 6 we describe data
problems concerning population density estimation and estimation bias when we use census tract data. Finally, section 7 states a possible direction of the further research.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama0386-30693642005地域経済の循環構造：序説3967ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/40537In this article I present an estimation procedure for regional economic variables which determine regional economic independency or autonomy such as export and import using some statistical data. In recent years not a few regions have been experienced a dependency on Tokyo central region in many respects and also been noticed thin effects of past policies in order to vitalize regional economies. The most important point is that local government does not recognize spillover effect which is derived from implementing regional policies. For examples, some materials are imported from outside the region even if local government invests on public capital formation, or some amounts of output sales are often transferred to headquarters at Tokyo from local factories. The local government, Akasaka−cho in Okayama Prefecture, has noticed the above situation and made a research project evaluating regional spillover/spillin effect in monetary term, which means to construct small region’s IO table in an extended version. As a result, Akasaka−cho grasped the circular−flow−of−the−economy constitution of the area, and carried out the policy evaluation analysis using it and succeeded to introduce regional money circular type factory and also
job−creating industry. However, the case like Akasaka−cho is a very unique. To conduct such a research it is necessary for local governments to prepare both much time and money. Thus, this paper showed the model which estimates one section of a regional economy circulation constitution from such enquiry and the existing statistical data, and the example of an actual proof in the Tsuyama City zone is shown. By doing this procedure, we can identify which industry is baasic or nonbasic or which industry is effective for spreading an economic consequence. I want to develop the estimation procedure of an expenditure side from now on, to combine with a questionnaire or hearing enquiry, and to build the means of grasping the circulation constitution of regional economy comprehensively.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院社会文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1880-8476712009Market Potential and Regional Per Capita GRP Differentials : Application of the NEG Model to Indonesian Provinces1744ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/15012This study is conducted in order to examine the inter-provincial per capita GRP (Gross Regional Product) disparities in Indonesia under the NEG (New Economic Geography) framework. The coefficient of variation shows that the disparities are decreasing in the period
of 1993-1997 and increasing in the period of 1998-2004. On the basis of the disparities trends, those two different periods are examined in our analysis. By utilizing wage equation which developed by Fujita, et al.（1999）we make use of panel data analysis in estimating the role of domestic market access, foreign market access, urbanization and human capital on interprovincial per capita GRP. The findings suggest that domestic market access, foreign market
access and human capital play important roles on inter-provincial per capita GRP disparities, while urbanization shows reverse role because of excess of urban labor.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学経済学会Acta Medica Okayama038630693942008都市・地域における経済集積の測度（上）99121ENRyoheiNakamura10.18926/OER/123771.はじめに
2.経済集積の直接的な測度
2.1 産業の地域特化
2.2 地域の産業特化
2.3 雇用数と事業所規模の立地指数
2.4 修正特化係数
2.5 Ellison−Glaeser 指数とその拡張
2.6 集積の空間的側面
2.7 地域経済の多様性
(以下,次号)
3.経済集積の間接的な測度
3.1 経済集積の源泉
3.2 生産関数アプローチ
3.3 費用関数アプローチ
4.経済集積の決定要因
5.おわりにNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山大学大学院文化科学研究科Acta Medica Okayama1112001公営住宅居住者の便益尺度 : 概念と計測6794ENManabuMoritaRyoheiNakamura10.18926/1106No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.