start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=156 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=7 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20140728 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Clinical application of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test for children with developmental disorders kn-title=”­’BáŠQ‚ð‚Æ‚à‚È‚¤Žq‚Ç‚à‚Ö‚ÌRey-Osterrieth •¡ŽG}Œ`ŒŸ¸‚Ì—Õ°‰ž—p en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=@–{Œ¤‹†‚Å‚ÍC10 –¼‚Ì“Ç‚Ý‚â‘‚«‚È‚Ç‚ÌŠwK–Ê‚É¢“ï‚ð•ø‚¦‚é”­’BáŠQ‚ð‚Æ‚à‚È‚¤Žq‚Ç‚à ‚ÉWechslerŽ®’m”\ŒŸ¸‚¨‚æ‚ÑRey-Osterrieth•¡ŽG}Œ`ŒŸ¸iROCFj‚ðŽÀŽ{‚µC”F’m“Á«‚Ì ŽÀ‘Ô”cˆ¬‚̉ߒö‚É‚¨‚¯‚éROCF‚Ì—L—p«‚ðŒŸ“¢‚µ‚½BROCF‚Ì‹L˜^‚ɂ͔팟ŽÒ‚Ì•`‰æ‰ß’ö ‚ðƒf[ƒ^‰»‚µ‚ăpƒ\ƒRƒ“‚ÉŽæ‚èž‚Þ‚±‚Æ‚Ì‚Å‚«‚éƒ^ƒbƒ`ƒyƒ“ iInkling?j ‚ð—p‚¢C¬Ñ•]‰¿ ‚É‚ÍC•`‰æ‚ÌŽ¿“I•]‰¿‚àŠÜ‚ÞBoston Qualitative Scoring System iBQSSj ‚ð—p‚¢‚½B WechslerŽ®’m”\ŒŸ¸‚É‚¨‚¯‚é’mŠo“‡‚â’mŠo„—‚̉ºˆÊŒŸ¸‚Ì“¾“_‚ª—ÇD‚Å‚ ‚Á‚Ä‚àC ROCF‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä\¬—Í‚â•`‰æ‰ß’ö‚É¢“­‚È‚©‚炸”F‚ß‚ç‚êC‚±‚ê‚ç‚ÍŠwK–Ê‚É‚¨‚¯‚é¢ “ï‚Ì”wŒi‚É‚ ‚é•a‘Ԃ𔽉f‚µ‚½‚à‚Ì‚Æl‚¦‚ç‚ꂽB‚Ü‚½C–{ŒŸ¸¬Ñ‚ðŒŸ“¢‚·‚éã‚ÅC BQSS‚ÌŠT—v“¾“_‚Ì1 ‚‚ł ‚é‘gD\¬CŠT—v“¾“_‚ÉŠÜ‚Ü‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢ƒNƒ‰ƒXƒ^[—v‘f‚âו” —v‘f‚Ì”z’u‚Ì•]‰¿‚Ìd—v«‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚à˜_‚¶‚½B en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=áÁ“c•q kn-aut-sei=áÁ“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IkedaAoi en-aut-sei=Ikeda en-aut-mei=Aoi kn-aut-name=’r“cˆ¨ kn-aut-sei=’r“c kn-aut-mei=ˆ¨ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=Higa DiezMidory en-aut-sei=Higa Diez en-aut-mei=Midory kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadoYoko en-aut-sei=Kado en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name=‰ÁŒË—zŽq kn-aut-sei=‰ÁŒË kn-aut-mei=—zŽq aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OginoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Ogino en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name=‰¬–ì—³–ç kn-aut-sei=‰¬–ì kn-aut-mei=—³–ç aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoKousuke en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Kousuke kn-aut-name=’†–ìL•ã kn-aut-sei=’†–ì kn-aut-mei=L•ã aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaneDaiki en-aut-sei=Yamane en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name=ŽRª‘å‹P kn-aut-sei=ŽRª kn-aut-mei=‘å‹P aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokouchiRie en-aut-sei=Yokouchi en-aut-mei=Rie kn-aut-name=‰¡“à—ŠG kn-aut-sei=‰¡“à kn-aut-mei=—ŠG aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name=NounoShin en-aut-sei=Nouno en-aut-mei=Shin kn-aut-name=”Z–ìM kn-aut-sei=”Z–ì kn-aut-mei=M aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È”­’BŽx‰‡ŠwŒn affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È”­’BŽx‰‡ŠwŒn affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@Ž©‘R‰ÈŠwŒ¤‹†‰È affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=ŠÖ¼‘åŠw•¶Šw•”‘‡l•¶Šw‰È affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=’†‘Šw‰€‘åŠwŽq‚Ç‚àŠw•”Žq‚Ç‚àŠw‰È affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=¼ŽRÔ\Žš•a‰@¬Ž™‰È affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È”­’BŽx‰‡ŠwŒn affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È”­’BŽx‰‡ŠwŒn affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=ˆã—Ö@l‚Ì‚¤‚̬Ž™‰Èˆã‰@ en-keyword=Rey-Osterrieth•¡ŽG}Œ`ŒŸ¸iROCFj kn-keyword=Rey-Osterrieth•¡ŽG}Œ`ŒŸ¸iROCFj en-keyword=Boston Qualitative Scoring System (BQSS) kn-keyword=Boston Qualitative Scoring System (BQSS) en-keyword=Inkling? kn-keyword=Inkling? en-keyword=_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸ kn-keyword=_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸ en-keyword=”­’BáŠQ kn-keyword=”­’BáŠQ END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=156 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=5 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2014 dt-pub=20140728 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Utilization of the Inkling? for the Rey - Osterrieth Complex Figure test en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=@The Rey - Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) test assess visual-construction abilility, visual memory and executive function. Three different methods are traditionally used to track and to record the strokes during the production of the complex figure: single pen, switching felt pens and flowcharts. The Inkling? is an instrument which attributes are to track, to record and to save the information of every stroke depicted in a standard piece of paper. The purpose of the study is to examine the advantages and disadvantages of using the Inkling? in the ROCF test. 66 ROCF performances were analyzed from subjects aged 6 to 86 years old. Each subject performed the ROCF test twice; first with pen switching method without flowcharts and later with the Inkling? or viceversa. The comparison of the performances evidenced 5 characteristics: Four subjects distracted by the color of the felt pens, three subjects interfered by the switching of the felt pens, three subjects which performance was facilitated by the colors of the felt pens, nine subjects with unclear score for Fragmentation and fourteen subjects with unclear score for Planning. The advantages that the Inkling? showed were compensation for the process of flowcharts, avoid interference, and reduce the burden of unclear scoring for Fragmentation and Planning. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=Higa DiezMidory en-aut-sei=Higa Diez en-aut-mei=Midory kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamaneDaiki en-aut-sei=Yamane en-aut-mei=Daiki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadoYoko en-aut-sei=Kado en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanoKousuke en-aut-sei=Nakano en-aut-mei=Kousuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OginoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Ogino en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of of Developmental Studies and Support, Graduate School of Education, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science (MasterúVs Course), Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of of Developmental Studies and Support, Graduate School of Education, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Kansai University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Pediatrics, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Children Studies, Faculty of Children Studies, Chugokugakuen University en-keyword=Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test kn-keyword=Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test en-keyword=cognitive assessment kn-keyword=cognitive assessment en-keyword=executive function kn-keyword=executive function en-keyword=switching felt pens method kn-keyword=switching felt pens method en-keyword=Inkling?. kn-keyword=Inkling?. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=110 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=29 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Patients with Migration Disorders kn-title=Ž¥‹C‹¤–ƒXƒyƒNƒgƒƒXƒRƒs[–@‚É‚æ‚é”]áŠQ‚Ì•]‰¿ \_Œo—V‘–áŠQ‚ÌŒŸ“¢\ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can be used to detect cerebral metabolites including N-acetylaspartate (NAA)Ccreatine (Cr) and choline (Ch). HenceCclinical applications of this method for neuropediatric diseases can be expected. HoweverCregarding neuronal migration disordersCthere have been only a few reported studies. We therefore examined the lH-MRS in six patients with migration disordersCages ranged from 8months to 28years 10months with a mean of 10years 10months. Investigation was performed using Magnetom H15 (Siemens) with a repetition time of 1500 msec and an echo time of 270msec. The ratio of NAA/CrCCh/Cr were examined. The volume of interest with the size of 2 ~ 2 ~ 2 ` 3 ~ 3 ~ 5cm3 was chosen in the area including lesionsCand a contralateral area without lesions was also investigated. Results were as follows. 1) The ratio of NAA/Cr was low in the area with lesions in all 6cases; 1.41C1.95C2.27 and 1.71 in cases with heterotopic gray matterC0.99 in one case with polymicrogyriaCan d 1.30 in one case with hemimegalencephalyCcontrasted with a contralataral area without lesions: 1.89C 2.89C2.87C2.55C3.26C2.03Crespectively. 2) The ratio of Ch/Cr showed no consistent difference between the area including lesions and contralataral area without lesions. Our findings of a decreased NAA/Cr ratio can be inferred to reflect the decreased numbers of neuronal cell populationCor reduced metabolism in the lesions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=áÁ“c•q kn-aut-sei=áÁ“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanoTakashi en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=ó–ìF kn-aut-sei=ó–ì kn-aut-mei=F aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaEiji en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name=‰ªú^ŽŸ kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=ú^ŽŸ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaMichiko en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name=‰ÍŒ´“¹Žq kn-aut-sei=‰ÍŒ´ kn-aut-mei=“¹Žq aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaeKatsumi en-aut-sei=Sakae en-aut-mei=Katsumi kn-aut-name=‰hŸ”ü kn-aut-sei=‰h kn-aut-mei=Ÿ”ü aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiNorio en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name=•½–ØË•v kn-aut-sei=•½–Ø kn-aut-mei=Ë•v aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaharaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Ohtahara en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name=‘å“cŒ´r•ã kn-aut-sei=‘å“cŒ´ kn-aut-mei=r•ã aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‹³ˆçŠw•”áŠQŽ™‹³ˆçuÀ affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Child NeurologyCOkayama University Medical School affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Child NeurologyCOkayama University Medical School affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of RadiologyCOkayama University Medical School affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of RadiologyCOkayama University Medical School affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of RadiologyCOkayama University Medical School affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Kibi International University Health Sciences School en-keyword=MR spectroscopy kn-keyword=MR spectroscopy en-keyword=migration disorder kn-keyword=migration disorder en-keyword=heterotopic gray matter kn-keyword=heterotopic gray matter en-keyword=polymicrogyria kn-keyword=polymicrogyria en-keyword=hemimegalencephaly kn-keyword=hemimegalencephaly END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=116 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=91 end-page=95 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Assessment of the brain function by evoked potentials: analysis of the late components of visual evoked potentials recorded from the vertex kn-title=—U”­“dˆÊ‚É‚æ‚é”]‹@”\•]‰¿ \¸_’x‘ØŽ™EŽÒ‚É‚¨‚¯‚é’†S•”“±oŽ‹Šo—U”­“dˆÊ‚ÌŒãŠú¬•ª‚ÌŒŸ“¢\ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Visual evoked potentials recorded from the vertex were studied in seventy four individuals with mental retardationCranging from l old to 50 years old. They were classified into 4 groups according to the level of IQ/DQCand the relation between the late components and the intellectual level was exarnined. In 9 of 74 cases(12.2%)Cla tency of the N130 component was prolonged and in 7 of 74 cases (9.6%)Cthe P190 component was prolonged. There wasChoweverCno correlation between the number of the cases with prolonged N130 or P190 latency and the level of IQ/DQ. Cases with prolongation in N130 and/or Pl90 were almost exclusively found among those with such complications as cerebral palsy and/or epilepsyCwhile few cases without complications showed prolongation. From these resultsCit is suggested that the prolongation in the late components developes reflecting the presence of the organic lesions that have a common causative potent producing cerebral palsy and/or epilepsy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=áÁ“c•q kn-aut-sei=áÁ“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiharaMasafumi en-aut-sei=Yanagihara en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name=–öŒ´³•¶ kn-aut-sei=–öŒ´ kn-aut-mei=³•¶ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayashiYuko en-aut-sei=Hayashi en-aut-mei=Yuko kn-aut-name=—Ñ—DŽq kn-aut-sei=—Ñ kn-aut-mei=—DŽq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‹³ˆçŠw•”áŠQŽ™‹³ˆçuÀ affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‹³ˆçŠw•”áŠQŽ™‹³ˆçuÀ affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Asahikawa-So Medical and Rehabilitation Center en-keyword=brain function kn-keyword=brain function en-keyword=mental retardation kn-keyword=mental retardation en-keyword=visual evoked potentials kn-keyword=visual evoked potentials en-keyword=cerebral palsy kn-keyword=cerebral palsy en-keyword=epilepsy kn-keyword=epilepsy END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=127 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=121 end-page=128 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=20041115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Current Research Findings on DevelopmentaI Disdorder kn-title=”­’BáŠQ‚Ì‹qŠÏ“I”]‹@”\•]‰¿‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚é_Œo¶—ES—Šw“IŒ¤‹†‚ÌŒ»ó en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=‹ß”N‚Ì“ÁŽê‹³ˆç‚ð‚ß‚®‚é󋵂̕ω»‚É”º‚¢C’ÊíŠw‹‰‚ÉÝЂµ‚È‚ª‚狳ˆç‚ðŽó‚¯‚éŽq‚Ç‚à‚Ö‚Ì“Á•Ê‚È‹³ˆç“I‘Ήž‚ª‹‚ß‚ç‚ê‚é‚悤‚É‚È‚Á‚Ä‚«‚½B‚µ‚©‚µCŠwKáŠQC’ˆÓŒ‡Š×/‘½“®«áŠQC‚‹@”\Ž©•ÂÇ‚È‚ÇŒy“x”­’BáŠQ‚ÌŽÀ‘Ô‚Í–¢‚¾\•ª‚É‚Í”cˆ¬‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢B‚»‚±‚ÅC–{e‚Å‚Í‚±‚ê‚ç‚ÌáŠQ‚Ìf’fã‚ÌŽw•Wô’è‚â“Á•ÊŽx‰‡–@‚ÌŠm—§‚ÉŽ‘‚·‚é–Ú“I‚ÅC“–ŠY—̈æ‚ÌÅV‚ÌŒ¤‹†¬‰Ê‚ðŠTà‚µ‚½B‚»‚ÌŒ‹‰ÊCŒÂ•ÊŽx‰‡Œv‰æ쬂Ìۂɖ𗧂‚Ǝv‚í‚ê‚錤‹†¬‰Ê‚ª‘½‚­”F‚ß‚ç‚ꂽB‚Ü‚½C LD‚⎩•ÂÇ‚Å‚Í‘¤«‰»‚Ì•]‰¿‚ªC AD/HD‚Å‚ÍDoparnine 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affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Depertment of Education for Handicapped childrenCFaculty of EducationCOkayama University en-keyword=“d“®ŽÔˆÖŽqƒTƒbƒJ[ kn-keyword=“d“®ŽÔˆÖŽqƒTƒbƒJ[ en-keyword=Ò‘‘¹ kn-keyword=Ò‘‘¹ en-keyword=”]«–ƒáƒ kn-keyword=”]«–ƒáƒ en-keyword=‹ØƒWƒXƒgƒƒtƒB[ kn-keyword=‹ØƒWƒXƒgƒƒtƒB[ END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=108 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=37 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980715 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Evoked potentials in patients with Angelman syndrome kn-title=AngelmanÇŒóŒQ‚É‚¨‚¯‚é—U”­“dˆÊ‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Evoked potentials were studied in four cases with Angelman syndrome. Chromosome 15ql1-13 deletion was proved in two cases and paternal uniparental disomy was proved in the rest. Prolonged photo-evoked eyelid microvibration latencies were noted in all fourC while visual evoked potential latencies remained within normal limits in three of four. Interpeak latencies of wave I to wave V in auditory brainstem response were prolonged in two of four. Short latency somatosensory evoked potential was examined in two cases and prolonged interpeak latency of wave P3 to wave N1 was noted in one case. Brink reflex was examined in one case and prolonged R2 latency was noted. These findings suggest that the brainstem is disturbed in cases with Angelman syndrome. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=áÁ“c•q kn-aut-sei=áÁ“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgawaKazunori en-aut-sei=Ogawa en-aut-mei=Kazunori kn-aut-name=¬ì˜a‘¥ kn-aut-sei=¬ì kn-aut-mei=˜a‘¥ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhmoriIori en-aut-sei=Ohmori en-aut-mei=Iori kn-aut-name=‘åŽçˆÉD kn-aut-sei=‘åŽç kn-aut-mei=ˆÉD aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OginoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Ogino en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name=‰¬–ì—³–ç kn-aut-sei=‰¬–ì kn-aut-mei=—³–ç aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaTakashi en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name=Γc‹ªŽm kn-aut-sei=Γc kn-aut-mei=‹ªŽm aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Education for Handicapped ChildrenCFaculty of EducationCOkayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Child NeurologyCOkayama University Medical School affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Child NeurologyCOkayama University Medical School affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Pediatric NeurologyCMatsuyama Red Cross Hospital affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of PediatricsCFukuyama National Hospital en-keyword=Angelman syndrome kn-keyword=Angelman syndrome en-keyword=severely handicapped kn-keyword=severely handicapped en-keyword=evoked potentials kn-keyword=evoked potentials en-keyword=photic stimulation kn-keyword=photic stimulation en-keyword=brink reflex kn-keyword=brink reflex END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=129 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=117 end-page=122 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=20050715 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Comparison of Special Education Systems in Japan and Peru en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The differences and similarities between the Japanese and Peruvian Special Education practiceCconsidering aspects likeCeducational approaches usedCcommunication strategies to deal with non-verbal students and the education system in generalCwere explored. Teachers of intellectual disabled children in Japan (30) and Peru (30) were the participants who completed a questionnaire developed by the researcher to determine the different ways of teaching in both countries. Results indicate important differences in the practice of special education between the groupsCbut some coincidences in the limitations teachers have in this field. The importance of inclusion doctrine in both countries and the role it plays in thespecial education system was found to be considerable. Implications include the need of an individualized education for students with special educational needs. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ChumioqueCecilia en-aut-sei=Chumioque en-aut-mei=Cecilia kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= en-keyword=educational approaches kn-keyword=educational approaches en-keyword=inclusion kn-keyword=inclusion en-keyword=applied behavior analysis (ABA) kn-keyword=applied behavior analysis (ABA) en-keyword=TEACCH kn-keyword=TEACCH en-keyword=picture exchange communication system (PECS) kn-keyword=picture exchange communication system (PECS) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=3 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=10 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2013 dt-pub=20130308 dt-online= en-article= 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en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=áÁ“c•q kn-aut-sei=áÁ“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=•ºŒÉ‹³ˆç‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@˜A‡ŠwZ‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È”ŽŽm‰Û’ö affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=•ºŒÉ‹³ˆç‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@˜A‡ŠwZ‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È”ŽŽm‰Û’ö affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‹³ˆçŠw•”áŠQŽ™‹³ˆçuÀ en-keyword=AD^HD (Attention-Deficit^HyperactivityDisorder) kn-keyword=AD^HD (Attention-Deficit^HyperactivityDisorder) en-keyword=neuroimaging kn-keyword=neuroimaging en-keyword=neurophysiology neuropsychology kn-keyword=neurophysiology neuropsychology en-keyword=molecularbiology kn-keyword=molecularbiology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=122 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=95 end-page=104 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=20030315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Current Research Findings on Autism kn-title=Ž©•ÂÇ‚Ì•a‘ԉ𖾂Ɋւ·‚錤‹†‚ÌŒ»ó‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= 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aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=áÁ“c•q kn-aut-sei=áÁ“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=•ºŒÉ‹³ˆç‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@˜A‡ŠwZ‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È”ŽŽm‰Û’ö affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=•ºŒÉ‹³ˆç‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@˜A‡ŠwZ‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È”ŽŽm‰Û’ö affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‹³ˆçŠw•”áŠQŽ™‹³ˆçuÀ en-keyword=autism kn-keyword=autism en-keyword=etiology kn-keyword=etiology en-keyword=neurophysiology kn-keyword=neurophysiology en-keyword=neuroimaging kn-keyword=neuroimaging en-keyword=molecularbiology kn-keyword=molecularbiology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=118 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=93 end-page=99 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20011115 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=New Trends in Neuropsychological Study for Children with ADHD and Autism kn-title=’ˆÓŒ‡Š×‘½“®«áŠQ‚¨‚æ‚ÑŽ©•ÂÇ‚É‚¨‚¯‚é_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸‚Ì“®Œü en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=”­’BáŠQŽ™‚É‚¨‚¯‚é_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸‚̉ž—p‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚錤‹†‚Í–¢‚¾–R‚µ‚¢B‚»‚±‚Å’ˆÓŒ‡Š×‘½“®«áŠQ(ADHD)‚⎩•ÂÇ‚È‚Ç‚Ì”­’BáŠQ‚̗̈æ‚É‚¨‚¯‚é_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸ŽÀŽ{‚Ì“®Œü‚𒲸‚µC‚»‚Ì—Õ°‰ž—p‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄlŽ@‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ð–Ú“I‚Æ‚µ‚½BADHD‚⎩•ÂÇ‚ÌŒ´ˆö‚Æ‚µ‚Ä”]‚Ì’†‚Å‚à“Á‚É–¢‰ð–¾‚È•”•ª‚ª‘½‚¢‘O“ª—t‚Ì‹@”\‚ª’–Ú‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB‚»‚±‚Å•¶Œ£Œ¤‹†‚ÉŠî‚¢‚ÄC ‘O“ª—t‘¹‚ª‚à‚½‚ç‚·‰e‹¿‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä–¾‚ç‚©‚É‚µC‚³‚ç‚ÉC‘O“ª—t‹@”\‚ÉÅ“_‚ð“–‚Ä‚Ä‚¢‚é‚Æ‚³‚ê‚éŠeŽí_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸‚Ì“Á«‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚ÌŒŸ“¢‚ðs‚Á‚½B‚»‚ÌŒ‹‰ÊC”­’BáŠQŽ™‚ð‘ÎÛ‚Æ‚µ‚½_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸‚É‹‚ß‚ç‚ê‚é¡Œã‚̉ۑè‚Æ‚µ‚ÄC¬Ž™‚É‚¨‚¯‚錟¸‚Ì•W€‰»CŽÀŽ{–@‚ÌŠÈ•Ö‰»C“K—pŠî€‚Ì–¾Šm‰»‚È‚Ç‚ª‹“‚°‚ç‚ꂽBáŠQŽ™‹³ˆç‚ÌŒ»ê‚É‚¨‚¢‚ÄŒÂX‚ÌáŠQŽ™‚ÌŠeŽí”F’m‰ß’ö‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚鳊m‚Èî•ñ‚ª•K—v‚Æ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚邪C‚±‚̂悤‚ÈŽ‹“_‚©‚ç_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸‚Ì—L—p«‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄlŽ@‚µ‚½B en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=áÁ“c•q kn-aut-sei=áÁ“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadoYoko en-aut-sei=Kado en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name=‰ÁŒË—zŽq kn-aut-sei=‰ÁŒË kn-aut-mei=—zŽq aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaShinsho en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Shinsho kn-aut-name=¼“c^³ kn-aut-sei=¼“c kn-aut-mei=^³ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‹³ˆçŠw•”áŠQŽ™‹³ˆçuÀ affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰ÈáŠQŽ™‹³ˆçêUCŽm‰Û’ö affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=•ºŒÉ‹³ˆç‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@˜A‡ŠwZ‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰ÈŠwZ‹³ˆçŠwêU”ŽŽm‰Û’ö en-keyword=ADHD kn-keyword=ADHD en-keyword=Ž©•ÂÇ kn-keyword=Ž©•ÂÇ en-keyword=_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸ kn-keyword=_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸ en-keyword=‘O“ª—t‹@”\ kn-keyword=‘O“ª—t‹@”\ en-keyword=ƒEƒBƒXƒRƒ“ƒVƒ“ƒJ[ƒh•ª—ÞƒeƒXƒg kn-keyword=ƒEƒBƒXƒRƒ“ƒVƒ“ƒJ[ƒh•ª—ÞƒeƒXƒg END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=147 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=145 end-page=149 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=20110625 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Review of functional localization for the attention system, especially concerning continuous performance test studies kn-title=’ˆÓ‹@\‚Ì”]‹@”\‹ÇÝ‚¨‚æ‚Ñ”]‹@”\ƒVƒXƒeƒ€‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚镶Œ£“IŒ¤‹†|Continuous performance test‚ð’†S‚É| en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Continuous performance test(CPT)‚ÍC’ˆÓ‹@\‚Ì•]‰¿‚É“K‚·‚é_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸‚Æ‚µ‚Ä—p‚¢‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB‚±‚ê‚Ü‚Å‚ÉMirsky‚ÍCPT‚̉ۑè‹s‚É”íŠWC’†”]‹´–Ô—l‘̂⎋°‚ªŠÖ—^‚·‚é‚Æ„‘ª‚µ‚Ä‚¢‚邪CÅ‹ß‚ÌPET‚âfMRI‚È‚Ç‚É‚æ‚é”]zŠÂ‚â‘ãŽÓ‘ª’è–@‚ÉŠî‚­’mŒ©‚𔽉f‚µ‚½Œ©‰ð‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢B‚»‚±‚Å–{e‚Å‚ÍC‚±‚ê‚ç‚Ì‘ª’è–@‚ÉŠî‚­’ˆÓ‹@\‚Ì”]‹@”\‹ÇÝ‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚錤‹†‚ð“W–]‚µC’ˆÓ‹@\‚Ì”—v‘f‚É‚©‚©‚í‚é”]‹@”\ƒVƒXƒeƒ€‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä•¶Œ£“IŒŸ“¢‚ðs‚Á‚½B‚»‚ÌŒ‹‰ÊCCPT‹s‚É‚ÍCŽ‹°‚݂̂Ȃ炸C‘Ñó‰ñ‚ðŠÜ‚Þ‘O“ª—t“à‘¤–ÊC”wŠO‘¤–Ê, Šáâ|–Ê‚¨‚æ‚Ñ‘¤“ª—t‚É‚¨‚æ‚ÔL”Ăȗ̈æ‚ÌŠÖ—^‚ªŽ¦´‚³‚ꂽB en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsushimaYasuko en-aut-sei=Tsushima en-aut-mei=Yasuko kn-aut-name=’Ó‡–õŽq kn-aut-sei=’Ó‡ kn-aut-mei=–õŽq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=áÁ“c•q kn-aut-sei=áÁ“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=•ºŒÉ‹³ˆç‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@˜A‡ŠwZ‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È”­’BŽx‰‡ŠwŒn en-keyword=Continuous performance test kn-keyword=Continuous performance test en-keyword=_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸ kn-keyword=_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸ en-keyword=’ˆÓ‹@\ kn-keyword=’ˆÓ‹@\ en-keyword=”]‹@”\‹ÇÝ kn-keyword=”]‹@”\‹ÇÝ END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=111 end-page=113 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=199704 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cerebral blood flow velocity in handicapped children en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Using a transcranial Doppler blood flowmeter, the blood flow velocity (BFV) ratio of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) to the basilar artery (BA) was investigated in 12 patients with severe motor and intellectual disability syndrome. The BFV of the MCA was also investigated in 58 handicapped children, classified according to the severity of their motor and intellectual disability. The ratio of the MCA to the BA was lower by 2 SD from the mean of our previously reported standard value in 8 out of the 12 cases with severe motor and intellectual disability syndrome, suggesting a more profound decrease in the level of brain activity in the MCA area than that of the BA area. The BFV of the MCA mainly decreased in cases belonging to the category of the most severe motor disability (bed-ridden). Hence, it is suggested that motor disability is the main factor related to the decrease in the BFV of the MCA.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MurakamiNagako en-aut-sei=Murakami en-aut-mei=Nagako kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoriuchiIsaac en-aut-sei=Horiuchi en-aut-mei=Isaac kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaEiji en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaharaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Ohtahara en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University en-keyword=transcranial blood flowmetry kn-keyword=transcranial blood flowmetry en-keyword=blood flow velocity kn-keyword=blood flow velocity en-keyword=handicapped children kn-keyword=handicapped children en-keyword=severe motor and intellectual disability syndrome kn-keyword=severe motor and intellectual disability syndrome END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=51 cd-vols= no-issue=4 article-no= start-page=173 end-page=178 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=199708 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mental deterioration in childhood epilepsy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=

Mental retardation is detected in 20-30% of children with epilepsy at hospitals specializing in treatment of childhood epilepsy. However, the incidence of mental deterioration in childhood epilepsy is not high. In this study, mental deterioration was found in 52 (1.8%) of the 2,880 children with epilepsy at Okayama University Hospital. The patients showing mental deterioration mostly suffered from specific epileptic syndromes, such as West syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy and epilepsy with continuous spike-waves during slow wave sleep. These types of epilepsy show generalized electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities. It is presumed that mental deterioration is caused by the total effects of prolonged diffuse EEG abnormalities and the age of the patients. Antiepileptic drugs exert a relatively minor effect on mental deterioration.

en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkaEiji en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=AsanoTakashi en-aut-sei=Asano en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaTakashi en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=National Hospital of Fukuyama en-keyword=mental deterioration kn-keyword=mental deterioration en-keyword=mental retardation kn-keyword=mental retardation en-keyword=epilepsy kn-keyword=epilepsy en-keyword=EFG kn-keyword=EFG en-keyword=children kn-keyword=children END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=7 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=157 end-page=164 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=20070310 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=The Stroop effect for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Pervasive Developmental Disorder kn-title=’ˆÓŒ‡Š×/‘½“®«áŠQ‚¨‚æ‚ÑL”Ä«”­’BáŠQ‚É‚¨‚¯‚éƒXƒgƒ‹[ƒvŒø‰Ê‚ÌŒŸ“¢ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract=To clarify the interference effect in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) and pervasive developmental disorder (PDD), the Stroop test was performed with 21 children with AD/HD, 23 children with PDD and 101 normal subjects. Word reading, color naming (CN) and incongruent color naming (ICN) were measured, then, such indices as ICN-CN and ICN/CN as well as ICN scores were evaluated. Results obtained from children with AD/HD and PDD were compared with those from normal subjects applying the confidence interval of 95%. Most of the children with AD/HD were plotted within the range of 95% confidence interval. As for the PDD, 2 of 23 in ICN, 4 of 23 in ICN-CN and ICN/CN were plotted out of the 95% confidence interval. Further work on the characterization of the phenotype of PDD plotted out of the 95% confidence interval may aid in extending the clinical application of this test. kn-abstract=’ˆÓŒ‡Š×/‘½“®«áŠQiAttention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ; AD/HDj‚¨‚æ‚ÑL”Ä«”­’BáŠQiPervasive Developmental Disorder ; PDD)‚É‚¨‚¯‚銱Œø‰Ê‚ðŒŸ“¢‚·‚邱‚Æ‚ð–Ú“I‚Æ‚µAAD/HDŒQ21–¼APDDŒQ23–¼A‘ÎÆŒQ101–¼‚ð‘ÎۂɃXƒgƒ‹[ƒvƒeƒXƒg‚ðs‚¢AWord Reading (WR)‰Û‘èAColor Naming (CN)‰Û‘èAIncongruent Color Naming (ICN)‰Û‘è‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä•]‰¿‚µ‚½B‘ÎÆŒQ‚©‚瓾‚ç‚ꂽ¬Ñ‚É95“‚ÌM—Š‹æŠÔ‚ðÝ‚¯AAD/HDŒQ‚¨‚æ‚ÑPDDŒQ‚̬тƔäŠr‚µ‚½Œ‹‰ÊAAD/HDŒQ‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ă͑命”‚ÌǗႪM—Š‹æŠÔ‚͈͓̔à‚Ì¬Ñ‚ðŽ¦‚µ‚½Bˆê•ûAPDDŒQ‚Å‚ÍICN‰Û‘è‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä23—á’†2—áAICN-CN‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä23—á’†4—áAICN^CN‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä23—á’†4—Ⴊ95“M—Š‹æŠÔŠO‚Ì¬Ñ‚ðŽ¦‚µ‚½B en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakayamaToshimi en-aut-sei=Nakayama en-aut-mei=Toshimi kn-aut-name=’†ŽR—˜”ü kn-aut-sei=’†ŽR kn-aut-mei=—˜”ü aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=áÁ“c•q kn-aut-sei=áÁ“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiharaMasafumi en-aut-sei=Yanagihara en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name=–öŒ´³•¶ kn-aut-sei=–öŒ´ kn-aut-mei=³•¶ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsushimaYasuko en-aut-sei=Tsushima en-aut-mei=Yasuko kn-aut-name=’Ó‡–õŽq kn-aut-sei=’Ó‡ kn-aut-mei=–õŽq aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikamiTomoko en-aut-sei=Morikami en-aut-mei=Tomoko kn-aut-name=Xã•üŽq kn-aut-sei=Xã kn-aut-mei=•üŽq aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KadoYoko en-aut-sei=Kado en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name=‰ÁŒË—zŽq kn-aut-sei=‰ÁŒË kn-aut-mei=—zŽq aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=OginoTatsuya en-aut-sei=Ogino en-aut-mei=Tatsuya kn-aut-name=‰¬–ì—³–ç kn-aut-sei=‰¬–ì kn-aut-mei=—³–ç aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtsukaYoko en-aut-sei=Otsuka en-aut-mei=Yoko kn-aut-name=‘å’ËèñŽq kn-aut-sei=‘å’Ë kn-aut-mei=èñŽq aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@‹³ˆçŠwŒ¤‹†‰È affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‹³ˆçŠw•”áŠQŽ™‹³ˆçuÀ affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‹³ˆçŠw•”áŠQŽ™‹³ˆçuÀ affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‹³ˆçŠw•”áŠQŽ™‹³ˆçuÀ affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=‘q•~Žs—§‘æ“ñ•Ÿ“c¬ŠwZ affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=ŠÖ¼‘åŠw•¶Šw•” affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=’†‘Šw‰€‘åŠwŽq‚Ç‚àŠw•” affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠw‘åŠw‰@ˆãŽ•–òŠw‘‡Œ¤‹†‰È”­’B_Œo•a‘ÔŠw en-keyword=ƒXƒgƒ‹[ƒvƒeƒXƒg (Stroop test) kn-keyword=ƒXƒgƒ‹[ƒvƒeƒXƒg (Stroop test) en-keyword=’ˆÓŒ‡Š×/‘½“®«áŠQ (AD/HD) kn-keyword=’ˆÓŒ‡Š×/‘½“®«áŠQ (AD/HD) en-keyword=L”Ä«”­’BáŠQ (PDD) kn-keyword=L”Ä«”­’BáŠQ (PDD) en-keyword=Š±ÂŒø‰Ê (interference effect) kn-keyword=Š±ÂŒø‰Ê (interference effect) END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=109 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=Cerebral dysgenesis and psychomotor retardation in neonatal epilepsy kn-title=V¶Ž™Šú”­Ç‚Ì‚Ä‚ñ‚©‚ñ‚É‚¨‚¯‚é”]Œ`¬áŠQ‚¨‚æ‚ÑSgáŠQ‚ɂ‚¢‚Ä‚ÌŒŸ“¢ en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A clinical and neuroradiological study was carried out to clarify the relationship among cerebral dysgenesis, psychomotor retardation and neonatal epilepsy. Twenty-one cases with epilepsy developed within four weeks after birth were selected among 770 in-patients with childhood epilepsy. They consisted of one benign familial neonatal convulsion, nine of early myoclonic encephalopathy, four of Ohtahara syndrome, six of symptomatic localizationrelated epilepsy, and one of undetermined epilepsy. Seven cases with non specific types of epilepsies were investigated in detail. They developed into four of frontal lobe epilepsy, one of temporal lobe epilepsy and one severe epilepsy with multiple independent spike foci. Psychomotor retardation was observed in six of seven cases, and cerebral dysgenesis was considered to be important as an etiological factor. Proton MR spectroscopy revealed the decrease in the ratio of N-acetylaspartate/choline in the area with heterotopic gray matter and in the side of hemimegalencephaly, contrasted with a contralateral area without lesions. These findings can be inferred to reflect the decreased numbers of neuronal cell population or reduced metabolism in the lesions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=^“c•q kn-aut-sei=^“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkaEiji en-aut-sei=Oka en-aut-mei=Eiji kn-aut-name=‰ªú^ŽŸ kn-aut-sei=‰ª kn-aut-mei=ú^ŽŸ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaharaShunsuke en-aut-sei=Ohtahara en-aut-mei=Shunsuke kn-aut-name=‘å“cŒ´r•ã kn-aut-sei=‘å“cŒ´ kn-aut-mei=r•ã aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KawaharaMichiko en-aut-sei=Kawahara en-aut-mei=Michiko kn-aut-name=‰ÍŒ´“¹Žq kn-aut-sei=‰ÍŒ´ kn-aut-mei=“¹Žq aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaeKatsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Sakae en-aut-mei=Katsuyoshi kn-aut-name=‰hŸ”ü kn-aut-sei=‰h kn-aut-mei=Ÿ”ü aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=HirakiYoshio en-aut-sei=Hiraki en-aut-mei=Yoshio kn-aut-name=•½–ØË•v kn-aut-sei=•½–Ø kn-aut-mei=Ë•v aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠwˆãŠw•”¬Ž™_Œo‰È affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠwˆãŠw•”¬Ž™_Œo‰È affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠwˆãŠw•”¬Ž™_Œo‰È affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠwˆãŠw•”•úŽËü‰È affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠwˆãŠw•”•úŽËü‰È affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=‰ªŽR‘åŠwˆãŠw•”•úŽËü‰È en-keyword=V¶Ž™Šú kn-keyword=V¶Ž™Šú en-keyword=‹ÇÝŠÖ˜A«‚Ä‚ñ‚©‚ñ kn-keyword=‹ÇÝŠÖ˜A«‚Ä‚ñ‚©‚ñ en-keyword=SgáŠQ kn-keyword=SgáŠQ en-keyword=”]Œ`¬áŠQ kn-keyword=”]Œ`¬áŠQ en-keyword=MR ƒXƒyƒNƒgƒƒXƒRƒs[ kn-keyword=MR ƒXƒyƒNƒgƒƒXƒRƒs[ END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=137 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=125 end-page=131 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=20080225 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title=A Review : Continuous Performance Test as an Assessment for Attention kn-title=’ˆÓ‹@”\‚Ì‘ª’è‚É—p‚¢‚ç‚ê‚é Continuous Performance Test ‚ÉŠÖ‚·‚镶Œ£“IŒ¤‹† |‘ª’èðŒ‚̈Ⴂ‚ª¬Ñ‚É‹y‚Ú‚·‰e‹¿| en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Continuous Performance Test (CPT) ‚ÍA’ˆÓ‹@”\‚Ñ‘ª’è‚É—p‚¢‚ç‚ê‚é_ŒoS—Šw“IŒŸ¸‚Æ‚µ‚Ä’m‚ç‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚éB‘ª’èðŒ‚â•]‰¿Žw•W‚Í‘½—l‚Å‚ ‚邽‚ßAŒ»Ý‚Ü‚Å‚É•ñ‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚錤‹†¬‰Ê‚̉ðŽß‚Í—eˆÕ‚Å‚Í‚È‚¢B‚»‚±‚ÅACPT‚ÌŽå‚È“Á’¥‚ðŠTŠÏ‚µA¬Ñ‚ɉe‹¿‚ð‹y‚Ú‚·—vˆö‚ɂ‚¢‚ÄŠù•ñ‚Ì•¶Œ£‚ÉŠî‚¢‚ÄŒŸ“¢‚µ‚½BCPT‚͉ۑè‚ÌŽí—Þ‚É‚æ‚èX, A-X, not-X ƒ^ƒCƒv‚É•ª—Þ‚³‚êA‚¢‚¸‚ê‚̃^ƒCƒv‚É‚¨‚¢‚Ä‚àŽhŒƒ’掦ŠÔŠu‚âŽhŒƒ’掦Šm—¦‚È‚Ç‚ªˆÙ‚È‚èA‘ª’èðŒ‚̈Ⴂ‚É‚æ‚é•]‰¿Žw•W‚ւ̉e‹¿‚ª”F‚ß‚ç‚ꂽB‚µ‚©‚µAŽhŒƒ‚Ì«Ž¿‚⊗vŽžŠÔ‚È‚Ç‚ÌðŒ‚ɂ‚¢‚Ẳe‹¿‚Í–¢‚¾\•ª‚É‚ÍŒŸ“¢‚³‚ê‚Ä‚¢‚È‚¢B‚»‚±‚ÅA–{•ñ‚Ì—Õ‹@‰ž—p‚É‚Í‚±‚ê‚ç‚ÌðŒ‚̈Ⴂ‚É‚æ‚é‰e‹¿‚ðl—¶‚µ‚½ðŒÝ’肪•K—v‚ÆŽv‚í‚ꂽB en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TsushimaYasuko en-aut-sei=Tsushima en-aut-mei=Yasuko kn-aut-name=’Ó‡–õŽq kn-aut-sei=’Ó‡ kn-aut-mei=–õŽq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanadaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Sanada en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=áÁ“c•q kn-aut-sei=áÁ“c kn-aut-mei=•q aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YanagiharaMasafumi en-aut-sei=Yanagihara en-aut-mei=Masafumi kn-aut-name=–öŒ´³•¶ kn-aut-sei=–öŒ´ kn-aut-mei=³•¶ aut-affil-num=3 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